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2846 


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RELIMINARY      EDITION 

UNITED    STATES    BUREAU    OF    EDUCATION 

■i 

BULLETIN,  1912:  NO.  3 WHOLE  NUMBER  471 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  ON 

UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND 

REPORTS 

TO  THE 

DEPARTMENT  OF  SUPERINTENDENCE  OF  THE 
NATIONAL  EDUCATION  ASSOCIATION 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

1912 


Monograph 


\<wz 


m2 


CONTENTS. 


Page, 

Letter  of  transmittal 5 

State  reports 7 

Summary  of  recommendations  relating  to  State  reports 11 

City  school  reports 12 

Teachers'  salary  table 13 

Units  of  cost 13 

Annual  report  of  the  superintendent  of  schools 18 

General  information 31 

Pupil  records ■ 32 

Fiscal  statistics 36 

Definitions  of  terms  used  in  schedule  for  reporting  statistics  of  cities 40 

1  eceipts 43 

Definitions  of  items  in  schedule  for  State  systems,  etc .44 

3 


LETTER  OE  TRANSMITTAL. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Education, 
Washington,  February  3,  1912. 
Sir:  The  best  interests  of  education  demand  that  there  should  be 
adequate  and  uniform  methods  and  forms  of  collecting  and  recording 
statistics  of  schools  of  all  kinds  in  all  the  States,  cities,  and  rural  dis- 
tricts of  the  Union.  The  work  of  collecting,  compiling,  and  inter- 
preting statistics  in  the  Bureau  of  Education  would  be  greatly  helped 
by  this.  This  bureau,  therefore,  welcomes  the  interest  in  this  work 
which  has  developed  in  recent  years  among  school  officers  throughout 
the  country  and  which  has  caused  the  department  of  superintendence 
of  the  National  Education  Association  to  appoint  a  committee  on  uni- 
form records  and  reports.  The  Commissioner  of  Education  and  the 
Chief  of  the  Division  of  School  Administration  of  the  bureau  have 
cooperated  with  this  committee  at  its  request,  and  the  bureau  has  lent 
it  all  possible  aid  and  assistance.  The  report  of  this  committee  on 
uniform  records  and  reports  contains  many  recommendations  and  sug- 
gestions regarding  forms  and  the  method  of  using  them,  which  will  be 
of  great  benefit  to  the  schools  in  all  parts  of  the  country.  I  there- 
fore recommend  that  it  be  published  as  a  bulletin  of  the  Bureau  of 
Education. 

Very  respectfully,  P.  P.  Claxton, 

Commissioner. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

5 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE   ON  UNIFORM 
RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 


To  the  Department  of  Superintendence  of  the  National  Education  Association: 

Your  committee  on  uniform  records  and  reports  has,  since  the  last 
meeting  of  the  department,  continued  its  work  along  the  lines  indi- 
cated in  the  preliminary  report  submitted  at  that  meeting.  That 
progress  has  been  made  is  indicated  by  statistics  which  were  gathered 
by  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education  showing  that  216  cities 
are  now  using  the  cumulative  record  card,  and  that  418  cities  are 
able  to  report  their  fiscal  statistics  on  the  form  which  was  recom- 
mended by  this  committee  in  cooperation  with  the  United  States 
Bureau  of  Education,  the  Census  Office,  and  the  Association  of  School 
Accounting  Officers.  We  believe  that  the  work  which  has  been  begun 
by  our  committee  should  be  continued  by  a  permanent  committee 
whose  duty  it  should  be  to  suggest  from  time  to  time  such  improve- 
ments in  records  and  reports  as  may  be  determined  by  their  study  of 
the  situation. 

The  report  which  follows  is  divided  into  the  following  sections: 
(1)  Records  and  reports  for  State  school  systems;  (2)  records  and 
reports  for  city  school  systems;  (3)  pupil  records  with  special  refer- 
ence to  the  cumulative  record  card;  and  (4)  the  report  of  fiscal  sta- 
tistics. Accompanying  this  discussion  there  are  presented  as  sepa- 
rate documents,  the  cumulative  record  card  recommended  by  the 
committee;  the  form  for  reporting  fiscal  statistics,  which  was  pre- 
pared in  conference  with  the  Bureau  of  Education,  the  Census  Office, 
and  the  Association  of  School  Accounting  Officers,  and  which  is  now 
furnished  to  cities  by  the  Bureau  of  Education;  and  the  form  for  a 
teacher's  register. 

STATE  REPORTS. 

In  dealing  with  that  section  of  its  work  which  relates  to  State 
accounting  and  reports  the  committee  appreciates  fully  that  the  legis- 
lation of  the  various  States  has  a  most  important  bearing  on  the  prac- 
ticability of  uniformity  in  matters  of  detail.  On  some  points  this 
legislation  has  to  do  with  matters  of  fundamental  concern  to  the 
States,  and  modification  of  it  is  extremely  unlikely.  Such  for  exam- 
ple are  statutes  dealing  with  the  distribution  of  State  school  funds. 
Such  funds  are  secured  in  a  considerable  variety  of  ways,  and  this  dis- 
tribution is  arranged  on  various  bases  satisfactory  to  the  legislatures 

7 


8  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS  AND   REPORTS. 

of  the  different  States.  While  there  will  doubtless  be  an  increasing 
recognition  of  the  basic  principles  that  should  govern  such  distribu- 
tion and  this  recognition  will  lead  to  a  certain  degree  of  uniformity  in 
the  bases  of  distribution  selected,  it  is  hardly  conceivable  that  local 
considerations  will  not  continue  to  govern  largely  such  plans.  Recog- 
nizing this  and  other  differences,  it  is  clear  that  the  statistics  of  the 
States  must  in  a  considerable  measure  conform  to  definitions,  terms, 
and  methods  that  comply  with  local  statutes  and  conditions. 

The  committee  does  not  regard  it  as  essential  to  the  purposes  of  this 
report  to  deal,  beyond  this  explanatory  reference,  with  these  necessary 
points  of  difference.  The  following  recommendations  it  hopes  will 
prove  a  constructive  contribution  to  the  part  that  may  be  taken  by 
the  State  departments  in  securing  reasonable  uniformity  in  reporting 
and  in  attaining  a  more  efficient  publicity  through  official  reports. 

The  forms  to  be  employed  by  States  in  gathering  statistics  should  be 
similar  in  general  form  and  arrangement  to  those  used  by  the  National 
Bureau. — The  committee  recognizes  that  an  important  step  toward 
uniformity  in  reporting  will  be  to  present  to  the  various  reporting 
officers  of  the  country  statistical  forms  as  nearly  as  practicable,  uni- 
form in  terms,  definitions,  and  arrangement. 

If  it  could  be  made  possible  for  the  local  officer  to  report  both  to 
the  State  and  to  the  National  bureau  on  practically  the  same  basis, 
distinct  gains  both  in  accuracy  and  in  uniformity  would  accrue. 

The  committee  recognizes  the  great  desirability  of  an  arrange- 
ment whereby  the  statistics  of  the  Bureau  of  Education  as  relating 
to  units  within  the  several  States  might  be  gathered  through  the 
various  State  departments  of  education.  Such  a  plan  would  obviate 
the  necessity  of  a  second  reporting  by  local  officers  virile  it  would 
doubtless  increase  the  means  at  the  disupp  .  -  • .  bureau  of  Edu- 
cation for  securing  statistics  from  the  local  units.  This  plan  of 
reporting  to  the  Bureau  of  Education  through  the  State  offices  the 
committee  recommends  for  adaption  as  early  as  practicable.  It 
sees  no  reason  why  it  may  not  be  adopted  by  those  States  that  are 
in  position  to  make  such  cooperative  arrangements,  even  though  all 
State  departments  may  not  be  able  to  make  them  at  once. 

In  the  meantime  it  repeats  the  recommendation  of  its  preliminary 
report,  to  the  effect  that  State  departments  in  securing  statistics 
from  units  within  the  States  conform  so  far  as  possible  to  the  forms 
employed  by  the  Bureau  of  Education,  supplementing  the  points 
covered  therein  with  those  required  for  local  use.  These  forms,  it 
will  be  noted,  may  be  issued  both  in  the  "long"  and  the  "short" 
forms  for  use,  respectively,  with  larger  municipalities  and  with 
smaller  school  systems.  These  forms,  issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Edu- 
cation and  approved  in  conference  with  this  committee,  are  submitted 
herewith  and  made  a  part  of  this  report. 


STATE  REPORTS.  9 

Essential  points  not  now  reported  by  all  the  States  should  by  agreement 
come  under  universal  reporting. — A  careful  inspection  both  of  National 
and  State  reports  shows  that  there  are  various  fundamental  points 
of  information  relative  to  schools  that  are  reported  by  a  majority  of 
the  States  but  are  not  reported  by  all  of  them.  The  committee 
believes  that  the  basis  adopted  by  the  Bureau  of  Education  for  all 
leading  items  is  at  once  conservative  and  reasonably  comprehensive 
and  that  it  should  be  adopted  by  all  the  States. 

In  its  preliminary  report  the  committee  called  attention  to  various 
items  regarded  as  fundamental  by  a  majority  of  the  States,  but  not 
reported  by  all  of  them.  In  order  to  collect  figures  on  some  of  these 
points,  as,  for  example,  the  school  census  (not  taken  by  3  States), 
enumeration  by  sex  (omitted  by  13  States),  school  enrollment  (only 
partially  taken  by  12  States),  wages  of  teachers  (not  returned  for 
the  sexes  separately),  and  private  schools  (not  fully  reported),  it 
may  be  necessary  to  secure  additional  legislative  authority.  The 
fact  that  so  large  a  majority  of  the  States  have  found  it  desirable  to 
secure  these  statistics  is  sufficient  evidence  of  their  general  interest 
and  value. 

Educational  reports  should  be  made  for  the  year  ending  June  SO. — ■ 
There  appears  to  be  a  considerable  variety  in  the  terms  for  which 
reports  are  made.  The  committee  recommends  that  all  school  sys- 
tems, including  State  systems,  make  their  reports  on  all  educational 
items  for  the  year  ending  June  30.  It  does  not  appear  to  the  com- 
mittee that  such  reports  for  this  period  are  necessarily  inconsistent 
with  a  plan  of  making  financial  reports  for  a  fiscal  year  terminating 
on  another  date. 

The  scope  of  the  State  report  should  be  coextensive  with  all  educational 
interests  of  the  State. — The  committee  believes  that  the  educational 
report  of  each  State  should  bear  the  same  relation,  but  more  in  detail, 
to  the  State  and  its  educational  activities  that  the  National  report 
bears  to  the  entire  country. 

A  review  of  State  school  reports  reveals  a  wide  variety  of  practice 
in  the  scope  of  investigation  conducted  by  State  departments.  Some 
of  these  reports  cover  only  the  essential  points  of  public-school  con- 
duct required  by  law  to  be  returned  to  the  State  offices,  while  others 
aim  to  report  with  reasonable  fullness  all  the  educational  activities 
of  the  State. 

With  regard  to  the  content  of  State  reports  the  committee  com- 
mends to  the  favorable  consideration  of  State  officers  the  proposi- 
tion that  each  State  report  shall  be  a  compendium  of  all  the  educa- 
tional activities  of  the  State  for  which  it  is  made.  As  a  supplement 
to  this  proposition,  the  committee  mentions  the  following  suggestive 
outline : 

1.  A  review  of  educational  progress  of  other  States,  with  particular 
bearing  upon  forward  movements  within  the  State. 
24509—12 2 


10         REPORT  ON  UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 

2.  Detailed  statistics  of  all  public  schools  under  local  manage- 
ment— a,  elementary;  b,  secondary;  c,  normal;  d,  collegiate;  e,  city 
institutional;  /,  for  special  pupils;  g,  vocational;  h,  extensional. 

3.  Summaries  of  the  foregoing. 

4.  Public  schools  under  direct  State  management — a,  elementary; 
I,  secondary;  c,  normal;  d,  collegiate;  e,  technical  or  vocational; 
/,  professional;  g,  schools  for  delinquents;  h,  schools  for  defectives; 
i,  special. 

5.  Summaries  of  the  foregoing. 

6.  Schools  under  private  management — a,  elementary;  b,  sec- 
ondary; c,  collegiate;  d,  vocational;  e,  professional;  /,  schools  for 
delinquents;  g,  schools  for  defectives;  h,  special. 

7.  Summaries  of  the  foregoing. 

8.  Special  investigations — 

(a)  Investigations  dealing  with  special  problems,  such  as  school 
mortality,  nonpromotion,  etc.,  are  most  efficiently  conducted  through 
local  school  systems.  The  fruits  of  such  investigations  should,  how- 
ever, through  the  medium  of  the  State  report  be  made  available  to 
all  the  people  of  the  State. 

(b)  State-wide  investigations  dealing  with  forward  movements 
affecting  a  large  number  of  communities,  such  as  school  consolida- 
tion, conveyance,  secondary  school  distribution,  rural  progress,  etc., 
should  be  made  directly  by  State  offices. 

Special  reports  or  bulletins  should  be  issued  at  intervals. — The  com- 
mittee strongly  recommends  the  issuing  by  the  States  of  bulletins  or 
special  reports  dealing  with  particular  issues  at  times  separate  from 
that  of  the  publication  of  the  comprehensive  State  report.  Such 
separate  reports  may  be  made  timely  to  the  discussion  of  these  special 
issues  and  hence  may  be  made  more  effective  in  promoting  a  public 
understanding  of  them.  m 

The  use  of  charts,  diagrams,  and  illustrations  should  be  considerably 
increased. — The  committee  recommends  that  the  State  reports,  in 
common  with  city  reports,  make  larger  use  of  charts,  diagrams,  and 
illustrations  for  the  purpose  of  presenting  with  greater  force  matters 
of  special  and  timely  interest.  While  these  are  in  the  nature  of  devices 
and  as  such  are  rarely  applicable  to  the  same  set  of  statistics  each 
year,  }^et  they  undoubtedly  make  an  appeal  to  the  interest  of  any  sub- 
ject that  a  verbal  or  tabular  statement  fails  to  effect,  with  a  resultant 
better  understanding  of  it. 

Comparative  tables  should  be  arranged  covering  intervals  of  several 
years  and  certain  phases  of  school  activity  should  be  reported  for  longer 
periods. — The  committee  believes  that  both  State  and  city  reports 
should  make  comparative  tables  showing  statistics  covering  inter- 
vals of  5  or  10  years.     Such  tables  should  appear  on  man}-  items 


STATE  KEPORTS.  11 

that  are  annually  reported.  The  work  of  gathering  statistics  would, 
however,  be  considerably  simplified  if  statistics  on  various  phases  of 
educational  progress  should  be  gathered  at  decennial  periods,  and  the 
committee  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  purpose  for  which  these  statistics 
are  gathered  would  be  fully  met  by  such  occasional  reporting.  The 
United  States  Bureau  of  Education  should  become  the  source  of  sug- 
gestions as  to  what  information  shall  be  collected  for  other  than 
'annual  periods.    • 

Interpretation  of  statistics  is  necessary. — As  in  the  case  of  city 
reports,  the  State  report  must  discharge  as  fully  as  possible  its  chief 
function  as  an  agent  of  publicity.  The  merely  formal  presentation 
of  figures  or  tables  is  only  a  step  toward  publicity.  The  reporting 
officer  should  bring  his  school  experience  and  his  larger  outlook  over 
the  educational  field  to  the  aid  of  the  public  through  an  adequate 
interpretation  of  the  statistics  presented.  Such  interpretations  should 
in  part  be  made  in  the  reports  themselves,  closely  connected  with  tables 
and  their  summaries.  They  will  have  particular  value,  however,  when 
presented  at  opportune  times  through  special  bulletins,  exhibits,  and 
the  public  press.  The  committee  recommends  a  largely  increased 
attention  to  that  phase  of  educational  reporting  that  aims  to  make 
statistics  intelligible  to  the  largest  possible  constituency. 

SUMMARY  OF  RECOMMENDATIONS  RELATING  TO  STATE  REPORTS. 

A.  That  the  State  departments  adopt  forms  for  receiving  statistics 
from  the  units  within  the  States  similar,  as  far  as  practicable,  in 
arrangement  to  those  used  by  the  Bureau  of  Education. 

B.  That  all  the  State  departments  in  gathering  information  adopt 
as  a  basis  the  items  accepted  by  the  practice  of  a  majority  of  States 
and  of  the  Bureau  of  Education. 

C.  That  educational  statistics  be  reported  for  the  year  ending 
June  30. 

D.  That  each  State  report  be  made  the  clearing  house  of  informa- 
tion of  all  educational  institutions  and  activities  within  the  State. 

E.  That  the  State  report  give  publicity  to  any  local  investigations 
whose  findings  would  have  general  interest  and  that  it  include  the 
findings  of  State-wide  investigations  covering  matters  of  State-wide 
application. 

F.  That  special  bulletins  or  reports  be  issued  at  opportune  times. 

G.  That  tables  be  arranged  to  show  comparisons  covering  a  range 
of  years  and  that  certain  phases  of  educational  activity  be  reported 
at  decennial  or  other  periods. 

H.  That  larger  attention  be  paid  to  the  interpretation  of  statistics. 


12 


REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND  REPORTS. 


CITY  SCHOOL  REPORTS. 

The  need  for  the  gathering  of  data  showing  actual  conditions  in  the 
schools  is  obvious.  If  the  school  is  to  be  scientifically  managed,  and 
its  effectiveness  definitely  measured  by  fixed  tests,  eliminating  mere 
personal  bias  and  unsupported  opinion,  facts  must  be  collected  and 
employed  as  a  guide  to  administration. 

For  convenience,  an  outline  showing  the  organization  of  the  school 
system,  together  with  the  date  of  introduction  of  various  kinds  of 
activities,  such  as  evening  schools,  summer  schools,  manual  training, 
etc.,  should  constitute  part  of  a  school  report.  The  following  outline 
suggests  merely  one  form  in  which  this  may  be  expressed : 

Outline  Form  op  City  School  Report. 

1.  Normal  school  (organized  18 — ). 

(a)  Academic  high  schools  (first  organized 
18-). 
2    High  school  (b)  Technical  high   school  (opened  Oct., 

19-)- 
(c)  High  school  of  commerce  (opened  Oct., 

19-). 
(a)  Regular  elementary  schools  (organized 

18-). 

(1)  Boys'  school  (opened 
18-). 

(2)  School  for  deaf  (estab- 
lished 18—). 

(3)  Schools  of  individual 
instruction  (defec- 
tives) (opened  18 — ). 

(4)  Backward  schools  (or- 
ganized 19 — ). 

(5)  School  for  cripples 
(opened  19 — ). 

(6)  School  for  blind 
(opened  19 — ). 

(7)  Elementary  industrial 
school  (organized 
19-). 

4.  Kindergarten  (opened  — ). 

(a)  Evening  elementary  schools  (opened 
18-). 

(b)  Evening  high  schools  (opened  19 — ). 

(a)  Summer  high  school  (opened  19 — ). 

(b)  Summer    grammar    schools     (opened 
19-). 

(c)  Summer  primary  schools  (opened  18 — ). 

(d)  Summer  manual  training  school(opened 
19-). 

(e)  Summer  boys'  school  (opened  19 — ). 

(f)  Summer  kindergartens  (opened  19 — ). 

(g)  Summer  playgrounds  (opened  19 — ). 
Etc.,  etc. 


Outline  of  school 
system 


3.  Elementary  school. 


(b)  Special  ele- 
mentary 
schools. 


5.  Evening  school. . 


6.  Summer  school 


CITY   SCHOOL  REPORTS. 
TEACHERS'  SALARY  TABLE. 


13 


Obviously,  the  question  of  salaries  is  important.  For  purposes  of 
comparison,  it  is  desirable  to  gather  data  showing  the  number  of 
teachers  at  the  various  salary  units  indicated  in  the  following  table: 


Number  of  elementary-school  teachers  with 
salaries — 


Number  of  high-school  teachers  with  salaries — 


Below  S350. . . 
$350  to   S400. 

400  to     450. 

450  to 

500  to 

550  to 

600  to 

650  to 

700  to 

750  to 

800  to 

850  to 

900  to 

950  to  1,000.... 
1,000  to  1,050.... 
1,050  to  1.100.... 
1,100  to  1,150.... 
1,150  to  1,200.... 
1,200  and  above. 


500. 
550. 
600. 
650. 
700. 
750. 
800. 
850. 
900. 
950. 


Below  S5C 

500  to 

600  to 

700  to 

800  to 

900  to  1, 

1,000  to  1, 

1, 100  to  1, 

1,200  to  1, 

1, 300  to  1, 

1,400  to  1, 

1,500  to  1, 

1,600  to  i; 

1,700  to  1, 
1,800  to  1. 
1,900  to  2, 
2, 000  and 


con. 
700. 
800. 
900. 
000. 
100. 
2(10. 
300. 

400. 
500: 

000. 
700. 


900.... 
000.... 
above. 


The  following  form  of  table  is  used  to  show  the  per  cent  of  teachers 
for  the  various  periods  of  service : 


Per  cent  of  elementary  teachers  for  the  period- 


Per 

cent. 


Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  years  and  above. 


Per  cent  of  high-school  teachers  for  the  period — 


Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  years  and  above . 


Per 
cent. 


UNITS  OF  COST. 

Increasing  interest  centers  in  cost.  It  is  important  that  the  per 
capita  cost  of  instruction,  on  the  one  hand,  and  of  equipment  and 
supplies,  on  the  other,  should  be  shown  not  only  city  wide,  but  also 
per  building.  The  per  capita  cost  for  each  subject  in  the  high  school, 
for  example,  chemistry,  physics,  manual  training,  etc.,  should  be 
shown  for  each  building,  and  also  city  wide.  Moreover,  for  purposes 
of  comparison,  these  tables  of  cost  should  cover  a  period  of  5  or  even 
10  years.    Not  only  does  economy  in  educational  supplies  and  educa- 


14 


REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 


tional  equipment  follow  such  exhibit  of  tables  of  cost,  but  it  leads  to 
unification  and  standardization  of  educational  equipment  in  the  vari- 
ous buildings  in  a  school  district.  Tables. similar  to  the  following  will 
be  found  helpful : 

Per  Capita  Cost  of  Instruction. 

Table  I. — Showing  cost  of  instruction  in  the  regular  day  elementary  schools,  for  the  years 
1903-1912,  the  enrollment,  the  per  capita  cost  of  instruction,  the  increase  and  the  per  cent 
of  increase  in  per  capita  cost  of  each  year  over  the  preceding,  also  the  per  cent  of  increase 
in  per  capita  cost  since  1903. 


1902-3.. 
1903-4.. 
1904-5.. 
1905-6.. 
1908-7.. 
1907-8.. 
1908-9.. 
1909-10. 
1910-11. 
1911-12. 


Years. 


Cost  of  in- 
struction in 
regular 
day  ele- 
mentary- 
schools. 


Enrollment 
in  regular 
day  ele- 
mentary 
schools, 
or  average 
daily  at- 
tendance, 
or  both. 


Per  capita 
cost  of  in- 
struction 
in  regular 

day  ele- 
mentary 

school. 


Increase  in 

per  capita 

cost  over 

preceding 

year. 


Per  cent  of 
increase  in 
per  capita 
cost  over 
preceding 
year. 


Per  cent  of 
increase  in 
per  capita 
cost  smce 
1903. 


CITY  SCHOOL  EEPOETS. 


15 


S  § 


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increase 

since  190S. 

T 

Per  cent  of 

total  to 
each  school. 

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REPORT  OX  UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 


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CITY   SCHOOL  REPORTS. 


17 


Table  III. — Showing  cost  of  instruction,  enrollment,  and  per  capita  cost  of  instruction 
in  each  type  of  school  in  the  city  of ,for  the  year . 


Normal 

High  schools 

Academic  high  school 

Technical  high  school, 

High  school  of  commerce 

Elementary  schools 

Regular  elementary 

Special  elementary , 

Backward  school 

School  for  blind 

Boys'  school 

School  for  cripples 

School  for  deaf 

Elementary  industrial... 

Special  schools 

Kindergarten 

Evening  schools 

Evening  high  schools 

Evening  elementary  schools. 

Summer  schools 

Summer  high  schools 

Summer  elementary  schools . 

Grammar  school 

Primary  school 

Manual  training  school. . 

Boys'  school 

Kindergarten 

Playgrounds 


Cost  of  in- 
struction. 


Enrollment 
or  average 
daily  at- 
tendance. 


Per  capita 
cost  of  in- 
struction. 


The  following  table  is  a  type  by  which  may  be  shown  various 
statistical  items  of  interest  and  value  covering  a  period  of  years: 

Table  IV. — Showing  enrollment  in  the  regular  day  elementary  school,  for  the  years 
1903-12,  the  number  of  teachers  in  the  regular  day  elementary  school,  number  of 
pupils  per  teacher,  the  decrease  in  number  pupils  per  teacher  over  preceding  year,  and 
the  per  cent  of  decrease  in  number  of  pupils  per  teacher  since  1903. 


Enrollment 

regular  day 

elementary 

school.1 

Teachers  in 

regular  day 

elementary 

school. 

Pupils  per 
teacher  in 
regular  day 
elementary 
school. 

Decrease  over 
preceding  year 
in  number  pu- 
pils per 
teacher  in 
regular  day 
elementary 
school. 

Per  cent  of  de- 
crease in  num- 
ber pupils  per 
teacher  since 
1903. 

1902-3 

1903-4 

1904-5 

1905-0 

1906-7 

1907-8 

1908-9 

1909-10 

1910-11 

1911-12 

1  Exclusive  of  transfers  and  the  enrollment  of  all  special  schools. 
24509—12 3 


18 


REPORT   ON    UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 


Table  V. — Showing  the  enrollment  in  the  regular  day  elementary  schools  for  the  years 
1903-1912,  the  number  of  regular  teachers  in  the  regular  day  elementary  schools,  the 
average  number  pupils  per  regular  teacher,  the  decrease  in  number  of  pupils  over  the  pre- 
ceding year,  also  the  per  cent  of  decrease  in  number  of  pupils  per  regular  teacher  since  1908. 


Enrollment 

regular  day 

elementary 

schools. 


1902-3.. 
1903-4.. 
1904-5.. 
W05-6.. 
1906-7.. 
1907-8.. 
1808-9  . . 
1909-10. 
1910-11. 
t911-12. 


Number  regular     £^1  „?,?£     '     Decrease  in         decrease  in 
teachers  regular      '  ,,      p    ' ,     .  number  pupils   number  pupils 
day  elementary  SwffiSSiEv      per  regular     \     per  regular 
schools.         aay^™?ntary        teacher.        I    teacher  since 


schools. 


1003. 


Table  VI. — Showing  enrollment  in  Latin,  English,  algebra,  etc.,  the  number  dropping 
out  and  failing  in  each  high-school  class. 


I.  Latin... 
II.  Latin... 

III.  Latin... 

IV.  Latin... 
I.  English. 

II.  English. 

III.  English. 

IV.  English. 

Algebra 

Etc 


Number  Number 
enrolled  in  dropping 
the  study.       study. 


Number 
remaining. 


Failures  of 
number 

remaining 

to  end  of 

year. 


I  Per  cent  of  j  Per  cent  of 
Total  failing:  failures  of      total  fail- 
and  drop-  i    those  re- 
ping  study,  maining  to 
end  of  year. 


ures  and 

ti  ropping 

study. 


ANNUAL    REPORT    OF    THE     SUPERINTENDENT    OF    SCHOOLS. 

Every  report  should  contain  a  table  of  contents,  showing  not  only 
the  general  headings  treated  in  the  report,  but  also  the  subheads. 
Such  reports  should  also  contain  a  carefully  prepared  index.  These 
two  items  make  usable  the  school  report  and  are  important  factors 
in  its  make-up. 

Every  annual  report  of  a  city  superintendent  should  also  contain 
tables  showing  enrollment,  distribution  of  enrollment,  withdrawals, 
distribution  of  withdrawals,  nonpromotions,  distribution  of  nonpro- 
motions,  etc.  Information  upon  which  these  figures  may  be  compiled 
should  be  gathered  on  forms  similar  to  those  which  are  named  imme- 
diately below  by  title  and  which  are  printed  on  the  pages  following 
with  the  exception  of  all  but  one  of  those  forms  which  pertain  to  high 
schools.  As  the  high-school  forms  are  similar  in  all  essential  respects 
to  those  for  the  elementary  schools,  it  has  not  seemed  necessary  to 
print  them.  These  same  forms  may  also  be  used  in  the  superintend- 
ent's annual  report  for  the  presentation  of  statistics  upon  these  same 
points. 


CITY   SCHOOL  KEPOKTS.  19 

ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS. 
Principal's  Term  Report. 

A.  Enrollment,  promotions,  nonpromotions,  by  grades. 

B.  Distribution  of  enrollment  by  ages  and  grades. 

C.  Distribution  of  withdrawals  by  ages  and  causes. 

D.  Distribution  of  attendance. 

E.  Graduates  by  years  in  schools. 

F.  Nonpromotions  by  grades  and  causes. 

G.  Failures,  by  studies  and  grades. 

H.  Distribution  of  leavings  and  withdrawals  by  ages  and  grades. 

I.  Ages  of  graduates. 

J.  Enrollment  and  attendance. 
K.  Distribution  of  whole-time  teachers. 

Teacher's  Term  Report. 

L.  Enrollment  by  divisions. 

M.  Nonpromotions  by  grades  and  causes. 

N.  Failures  by  studies  and  grades. 

O.  Enrollment  and  attendance. 

P.  Distribution  of  enrollment  by  ages. ,    * 

Q.  Distribution  of  withdrawals  by  ages  and  causes. 

R.  Distribution  of  leavings  by  ages. 

S.  Beginners  by  training. 

T.  Beginners  by  ages. 

HIGH  SCHOOLS. 

Principal's  Term  Report. 

AA.  Enrollment  and  attendance. 
BB.  Distribution  of  enrollment  by  ages  and  classes. 
CC.  Source  of  new  pupils. 
DD.  Ages  of  new  pupils. 

EE.  Distribution  of  leavings  and  withdrawals  by  ages  and  classes. 
FF.  Ages  of  graduates. 
GG.  Distribution  of  enrollment,  number  leaving,  withdrawals,  by  classes  and 

terms. 
HH.  Distribution  of  enrollment,  number  leaving,  withdrawals,  by  courses  and 
classes. 
II.  Distribution  of  withdrawals  by  classes,  ages,  causes. 
JJ.  Graduates  by  year  in  school. 
KK.  Distribution  of  teachers. 
LL.  Enrollment  in  studies  and  failures  in  each. 

Teacher's  Term  Report. 

MM.  Enrollment  and  attendance. 

NN.  Distribution  of  enrollment  by  ages  and  classes. 

00.  Source  of  new  pupils. 

PP.  Ages  of  new  pupils. 

QQ.  Distribution  of  enrollment,  number  leaving,  withdrawals,  by  classes  and 

terms. 
R.R.  Distribution  of  enrollment,  number  leaving,  withdrawals,  by  courses  and 

classes. 
SS.  Distribution  of  withdrawals. 

TT.  Distribution  of  leavings  and  withdrawals,  by  ages  and  classes. 
UU.  Age  of  graduates. 
VV.  Graduates  by  years  in  school. 


20  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 

PUBLIC  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS. 

REPORT  OF  THE  SCHOOL,  FOR  THE  TERM  ENDING  

191- 

ENROLLMENT,  PROMOTIONS,  NONPROMOTIONS,  BY  GRADES. 

All  per  cents  will  be  figured  at  office  of  superintendent. 


First  Grade. 

I 

o 
o 

•a 

a 
o 
o 

CD 

<c 
■a 

§ 

!-• 

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CD 

a 

03 
02 

Total  all 

Divisions. 

Total. 

grades. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

>> 
o 

o 

o3 

o 

pa 

s 

o 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

OJ 

O 

Enrollment  at  date  this  report. 
Per  cent  enrollment  at  date  on 

.. 

Per  cent  on  enrollment  at 

Per  cent  on  enrollment  for 

Per  cent  on  enrollment  at 

.... 

Per  cent  on  enrollment  for 



Per  cent  nonpromotions  on  en- 

Per  cent  nonpromotions  on  en- 

I""i""r 

CITY   SCHOOL  EEPOETS. 


21 


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REPORT  ON  UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 


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CITY   SCHOOL  EEPORTS. 
DISTRIBUTION  OF  ATTENDANCE. 


23 


Time. 


Attending  entire  term 

Attending  at  least — 

80  days 

70  days 

CO  days 

50  days 

40  days 

30  days 

20  days 

10  days 

Attending  less  than  10  days. 


Boys. 


Girls. 


Total  (equal  enrollment  for  term) . 


Total. 


Per  cent 
of  whole 
number. 


GRADUATES,  BY  YEARS  IN  SCHOOLS.1 


Boys. 

Girls. 

Total. 

1  Counting  three  terms  as  a  school  year.    Data  from  promotion  record  card. 


24  REPORT   ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 

NONPROMOTIONS,  BY  GRADES  AND  CAUSES. 


Irregular 
attend- 
ance. 

Physical 

defects. 

Personal 
illness. 

Incapac- 
ity (men- 
tal). 

Indiffer- 
ence. 

First  Grade.' 

(Boys.  . 

C . .                OMs... 

(Total.. 

(Boys.  . 

B JOirls... 

[Total. . 

|Boys. . 

A Mills... 

1  Total . . 

Total <  Girls. . . 

[Total.. 

Second  Grade. 

[Boys. . 

C 1  Girls... 

[Total.. 

[Boys. . 

B \  G  iris . . . 

[Total.. 

(Boys.  . 

A { Girls... 

[Total.. 

Total \  Girls... 

[Total.. 

Third  Grade. 

(Boys. . 

C \  Girls... 

[Total..: 

[  Boys 

[Total 

A \  Girls 

[Total. 

[Boys.. 

Total ^Girls... 

iTotal . 



(Boys. . 

[Total.. 

1  Same  form  used  for  grades  fourth  to  eighth. 


CITY    SCHOOL    REPORTS. 
FAILURES,  BY  STUDIES  AND  GRADES. 


25 


First  Grade.1 

f  Bovs . 
C {Girls.. 

iTotal. 

|  Bovs. 
B {Girls.. 

[Total. 

(Bovs. 
A {Girls.. 

ITotal. 

(Boys. 
Total {Girls.. 

ITotal. 

Second  Grade. 


B 


(Bovs. 
{Girls.. 

I  Total. 

(Boys. 
{Girls.. 

(Total. 

(Bovs. 
A {Girls.. 

iTotal. 

(Boys . 
Total {Girls.. 

Total. 


Third  Grade. 

(Boys. 
{Girls.. 

[Total. 

(Boys . 
{Girls.. 

(Total. 

(Boys. 
{Girls.. 

(Total. 

(Boys. 
Total {Girls.. 

iTotal. 

(Boys. 

Grand  total { Girls . . 

Total. 


Per  cent  failures  on  enrollment 
for  term 


Heading. 


Spelling. 


Lan- 
guage. 


Gram- 
mar. 


Arith- 
metic. 


History. 


Geog- 
raphy. 


i  Same  form  used  for  grades  fourth  to  eighth. 


26 


EEPOET  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 


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CITY   SCHOOL  KEPORTS. 
AGES  OF  GRADUATES.1 


27 


11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

Total. 

i  Give  age  at  last  birthday. 
ENROLLMENT  AND  ATTENDANCE. 

Average  monthly  enrollment . 
Average  daily  attendance 


Boys. 


Girls. 


Total. 


PUBLIC  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS. 

TEACHER'S  TERM   REPORT. 

building.  Grade 

Term  ending 191  


.Teacher. 


grade. 

Divisions. 

Total. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

o 

s 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

"3 
o 

EH 

TCnrollment  for  term 

Tn  division  first  time 

Previously  in  division. 

Leaving 

Withdrawals 

Enrollment  at  date  of  this  report 

Promotions: 

Two  divisions 

Nonpromotions 

From  in  division  first,  time. 

1 

NONPROMOTIONS,  BY  GRADES  AND  CAUSES. 


Irregular 
attend- 
ance. 


Physical 
defects. 


Personal  j  ^f" 
mness-     (mental). 


Indiffer- 
ence. 


Grade. 


Total. 


(Boys. 

J  Girls.. 

[Total. 

{Boys. 
Girls.. 
Total. 
(Boys. 
J  Girls.. 
[Total. 
[Boys. 
.\  Girls.. 
iTotal. 


Per  cent  total  nonpromotions  due  each  cause. 


28  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 

FAILURES,  BY  STUDIES  AND  GRADES. 


Read- 
ing. 

Spell- 
ing. 

Lan- 
guage. 

Gram- 
mar. 

Arith- 
metic. 

His- 
tory. 

Geog- 
raphy. 

Grade. 

C                                                           <  Girls    . 

(Total 

B                                                              I  Girls... 

iTotal 

[Boys 

A                                                              \  Girls    . 

(Total 

Total                                             .  A  Girls  .. 

(Total . . 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  ENROLLMENT   AT   DATE    OF   THIS   REPORT, 

BY  AGES.1 


Ages. 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

Total. 

i  This  table  to  be  filled  in  on  May  report  only. 


CITY   SCHOOL  REPORTS. 


29 


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30  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  LEAVINGS,  BY  AGES. 


Ages. 

6 

7       8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

Total 

Girls 

, 

Total 

■ 

BEGINNERS  1  C  DIVISION,  BY  TRAINING. 


Boys. 


Girls. 


Total. 


Total  number  of  beginners 

(a)  Number  having  received  kindergarten  training 

(6)  Number  having  received  no  kindergarten  training. 

Promotions 

(a)  Number  having  received  kindergarten  training 

(6)  Number  having  received  no  kindergarten  training. 

Nonpromotions 

(a)  Number  having  received  kindergarten  training 

(6)  Number  having  received  no  kindergarten  training. 


BEGINNERS    1    C   DIVISION,  BY   AGES. 

Ages. 

Boys. 

Girls. 

Total. 

5$  up  to  6 

6  up  to  6  J 

6  J  up  to  6§ 

6g  up  to  7 

7  J  up  to  7§ 

7§  up  to  8 

8  up  to  8§ 

8|  up  to  9 

Total .■ 

CITY   SCHOOL   REPORTS.  31 

HIGH  SCHOOLS— ENROLLMENT  IN  STUDIES  AND  FAILURES  IN  EACH. 


First  term.2 

Studies  (subjects  running 
more  than  one  year  indi- 
cated D,  C,  B,  A).» 

Enrollment. 

Repeaters. 

Dropping. 

Remaining. 

Failures. 

Per  cent 
failures 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

B. 

a. 

T. 

B. 

G. 

T. 

on  num- 
ber re- 
maining. 



American  history  and 

Medieval  and  modern 

Art  history  (European) 

Economics,  commercial 
law,  and  local  indus- 

.... 

1 

i  Other  studies  included,  but  not  listed  here,  are  English,  mathematics,  science,  drawing,  manual  train- 
ing, industrial  activities,  commercial  activities,  physical  training,  and  music. 
2  The  same  forms  are  used  for  the  second  and  third  terms. 

GENERAL  INFORMATION. 

A  page  devoted  to  this  subject  should  be  included  in  each  city- 
report.     The  following  subheads  are  recommended — 

1.  The  legal  basis: 

(a)  Independent  district  or  city  government;  if  latter,  relation 
of  education  department  to  other  departments  of  the  municipal 
government,  especially  as  to  raising  of  money,  erection  of  buildings, 
and  appointment  of  members  of  board  of  education. 

(6)  Method  of  voting  and  paying  bonds. 

2.  Financial  basis : 

(a)  Limits  of  taxation  and  bonded  indebtedness  for  school  pur- 
poses. 

(6)  Assessed  valuation  of  independent  district  or  municipality. 

(c)  What  per  cent  of  true  valuation  is  the  assessed  valuation. 

(d)  Present  tax  rates  for  schools. 

0)  Amount  of  bonded  indebtedness  for  schools. 
(/)  Amount  of  local  school  tax  paid  by  owner  of  real  estate  whose 
true  valuation  is  $5,000. 


32  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS  AND   REPORTS. 

(g)  Per  rent  of  total  school  moneys  received  from  State,  county, 
municipality,  and  school  district. 

(h)  Approximate  per  cent  of  school  moneys  paid  by  business 
corporations  not  owned  principally  by  citizens,  as  railroads  and  large 
industrial,  mining,  and  commercial  enterprises. 

3.  (a)  Population  of  city  compared  with  population  of  four 
preceding  censuses. 

(b)  Number  engaged  in  each  principal  class  of  occupation — agri- 
cultural, professional,  domestic  and  personal,  trade  and  transporta- 
tion, manufacturing  and  mechanical,  and  also  number  engaged  in  each 
of  the  chief  occupations  that  are  represented  in  the  city  under  each  of 
these  classes. 

4.  School  census: 

(a)  Public  school  enrollment. 

(b)  Private  school  enrollment. 

(c)  Average  daily  attendance  based  on  number  belonging. 

(d)  Average  daily  attendance  based  on  enrollment. 

(e)  Average  daily  attendance  based  on  school  census. 

5.  Scope  of  system— number  of  different  kinds  of  schools,  classes, 
and  activities. 

6.  Organization  of  administration — relative  authority  and  duties 
of  superintendent,  assistant  superintendent,  supervisors,  principals, 
teachers. 

7.  Per  cent  of  teachers  appointed  from  outside  the  city. 

PUPIL  RECORDS. 

The  foundation  of  all  statistics  concerning  pupils  is  established  in 
the  records  made  by  teachers  in  the  schoolroom.  Unless  these 
records  are  expressed  in  common  terms  having  a  definite  meaning 
the  data  gathered  from  them  are  not  comparable.  School  statistics 
as  at  present  compiled  and  compared  are  unreliable  and  of  little 
value,  and  they  will  continue  to  be  so  until  agreement  can  be  reached 
not  only  as  to  terms  used  and  the  definite  meaning  of  these  terms, 
but  also,  to  some  extent,  as  to  the  method  of  recording  and  arranging 
the  original  data  upon  which  school  statistics  are  based. 

The  first  work  of  the  committee  on  uniform  statistics  consisted  of 
a  careful  investigation  of  the  subject  of  school  records,  and  this 
resulted  in  the  submission  of  an  elementary  school  record  system, 
through  the  cooperation  of  the  United  States  Commissioner  of 
Education,  to  school  superintendents  throughout  the  country. 
Although  several  forms  were  offered  for  the  purpose  of  getting 
criticisms  and  suggestions  and  for  the  sake  of  illustrating  the  com- 
plete working  out  of  a  system  of  school  records,  chief  emphasis  was 
laid  on  the  cumulative  record  card  which  was  framed  to  serve  as  a 
permanent  and  progressive  record  of  the  pupil's  kindergarten  and 


PUPIL   RECORDS. 


elementary  school  career.  The  form  recommended  is  given  below. 
The  card  is  6  inches  wide  and  4  inches  high.  Copies  may  be  obtained 
from  the  Bureau  of  Education. 


Elementary  School  Record  System— Promotion  Record. 

This  card  is  to  pass  from  teacher  to  teacher  or  from  school  to 
school  as  the  pupil  is  promoted  or  transferred.    It  is  to  be  filled 
out  and  sent  to  the  principal's  office  when  any  change  is  made  re- 
quiring a  change  in  the  office  records.    It  is  then  to  be  sent  to 
the  teacher  who  has  the  pupil. 

(a) 
School. 

(b) 

Date 
of  ad- 
mis- 
sion. 

(c) 
Age  Sept.  1. 

(d) 

Grade. 

(e) 
Room. 

(f) 
Days 
pres- 
ent. 

(g) 
Health. 

00 

Con- 
duct. 

(i) 

Schol- 
arship. 

Yrs. 

Mos. 

1 

. 

(over) 

(1)  1.  Last  name (2)  First  name  and  initial 

Elementary  School 
Record    System- 
Admission,     D  i  s  - 

CHARGE,    AND    PRO- 
MOTION Card. 

(3)  Place  of  birth 

(4)  Date  of  birth. 

(5)  Vaccinated. 

To  be  kept  for  every 
pupil  and  sent  with 
the  pupil  when  he  is 
transferred    to    any    | 
school,   either  public 
or  private,  in  the  city 
or    outside  the   city.    ' 
Great  care  should  be 
used     to     have    the 
names  complete  and 
correct . 

Write  all  dates  as 

(6)  Name     of    parent     or     (7)  Occupation    of    parent    or 
guardian.                                   guardian. 

(8)  Residence.    (Use  one  column  at  a  time.    Give  new  resi- 
dence when  pupil  is  transferred.) 

(9)  Date  of 
discharge. 

(10)  Age. 

i 

Yrs. 

Mos. 

When  a  pupil  is  permanently  discharged  to  work,  to  remain  at  home,  or  because  of 
death,  permanent  illness,  or  commitment  to  an  institution,  this  card  is  to  be  returned  to 
the  principal's  office  and  a  full  statement  of  the  cause  of  the  pupil's  discharge  is  to  be 
made  in  the  blank  space  remaining  above. 

8-304                                                                                                                          (over) 

34  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND   REPORTS. 

After  an  examination  of  more  than  500  replies  to  that  part  of  the 
commissioner's  circular  relating  to  a  cumulative  record  card,  the  com- 
mittee finds  as  follows : 

1.  That  there  is  substantially  unanimous  assent  to  the  following  general  proposition : 
A  cumulative  record  card  should  be  kept  for  every  child  throughout  his  entire  kindergarten 

and  elementary  school  career. 

2.  That  suggestions  made  by  correspondents  have  not  shown  a  preponderance  of 
opinion  in  favor  of  any  specific  increase  or  decrease  in  either  the  size  or  contents  of  the 
card. 

3.  That  in  view  of  those  conclusions  the  card  submitted  has  been  adoptedjas  best 
representing  the  consensus  of  opinion  on  the  matter  of  a  cumulative  record  card,  and 
the  committee  recommends  the  general  use  of  this  card  or  one  in  substantial  agreement 
with  it  as  to  the  essential  facts  needed  for  statistical  data  and  school  administration. 

The  committee  desires  to  call  attention  to  the  following  suggestive 
list  of  uses  to  which  the  card  may  be  put: 

1.  Amount  of  attendance  of  individual  pupil  for  one  year. 

2.  Comparative  rates  of  progress  in  schools  having  seven-year,  eight-year,  or  nine- 
year  elementary  courses. 

3.  Classification  of  pupils  by  age  and  grade.  (Note  that  a  standard  date  for  com- 
puting ages  is  established,  viz,  September  1.) 

4.  Classification  of  pupils  for  enrollment  data: 
(a)  Duplicate  enrollment  in  the  school. 

(6)  From  other  public  schools  in  town  or  city. 

(c)  From  other  public  schools  in  State. 

(d)  Original  enrollment  from  all  other  sources. 

5.  Number  of  times  child  has  been  detained  in  a  grade. 

6.  Foreign  birth  as  affecting  progress. 

7.  Kindergarten  training  as  affecting  progress. 

8.  Attendance  in  other  schools  as  affecting  progress. 

9.  Absence  as  affecting  progress. 

10.  Numerous  inquiries  having  to  do  with  individual  school  management. 

Diverse  opinions  as  to  the  necessity  of  certain  items  on  the  "admis- 
sion, discharge,  and  promotion  card,"  as,  for  example,  item  "Con- 
duct," are  not  necessarily  barriers  in  the  way  of  the  uniform  use 
of  the  form  of  card  recommended;  for  in  any  school  system  such 
an  item  may  be  omitted  by  direction  of  the  superintendent  or  left 
optional  with  principals.  The  value  of  a  uniform  card  lies  chiefly  in 
three  considerations: 

1.  Universal  adaptability  for  use  in  whatever  system  of  schools  the  pupil  may  enter. 

2.  Decreased  cost  because  of  printing  in  large  quantities. 

3.  Establishment  of  common  practices  of  record  making  and  common  terms  for  the 
expression  of  facts  valuable  for  statistical  investigation. 

It  is  believed  that  any  general  record  card  recommended  for 
universal  adoption  should  not  include  a  detailed  statement  of  facts 
needed  for  an  adequate  study  of  individual  cases  of  physically  abnor- 
mal and  retarded  children.  For  such  a  purpose  a  special  form  should 
be  used  providing  for  yearly  records  of  defective  eyesight,  hearing, 
condition  of  teeth,  and  other  physical  characteristics,  and  for  records 


PUPIL  EECOEDS.  35 

concerning  nutrition,  environment,  specific  cases  of  illness,  special 
aptitudes,  and  such  other  facts  as  are  likely  to  be  desired.  The  exact 
form  of  such  a  card  may  well  be  left  for  future  consideration. 

The  general  cumulative  record  card  and  this  supplementary  card 
will  represent  the  minimum  and  maximum  requirements  of  the  indi- 
vidual cumulative  record. 

The  daily  register  or  daily  summary  should  show  four  groups  of 
admitted  pupils  as  follows: 

(a)  Pupils  previously  enrolled  during  the  year,  including  transfers,  within  the  school 
or  school  district.  (This  item  is  thrown  out  in  computing  the  number  of  different  pupils 
enrolled  during  the  year  in  a  given  school  or  district.) 

(6)  Pupils  previously  enrolled  during  the  year  in  some  other  school  or  school  district 
in  the  town  or  city.  (This  item  is  thrown  out  in  computing  the  number  of  different 
pupils  enrolled  during  the  year  in  a  given  town  or  city.) 

(c)  Pupils  previously  enrolled  during  the  year  in  other  towns  or  cities  in  the  State. 
(This  item  is  thrown  out  in  computing  the  number  of  different  pupils  enrolled  during 
the  year  in  a  given  State.) 

(d)  Pupils  not  previously  enrolled  during  the  year  in  any  town  or  city  in  the  State. 
(These  are  original  enrollments  included  in  all  reports.) 

It  is  not  useful  to  attempt  a  classification  of  discharged  pupils  into 
four  groups  corresponding  exactly  to  the  four  groups  of  admitted 
pupils.     The  following  classification  is  suggested  as  a  desirable  one: 

(a)  Pupils  temporarily  discharged,  and  transferred  within  the  school  or  school 
district. 

(b)  Pupils  transferred  to  any  other  school,  public  or  private.     (Graduates  separately. ) 

(c)  Pupils  permanently  discharged  to  go  to  work.  (Schooling  discontinued  before 
completion  of  elementary-school  course.) 

(d)  Pupils  discharged  for  other  reasons.  (A  relatively  small  number  whose  schooling 
is  discontinued  before  completion  of  elementary-school  course  for  accidental  reasons.) 

More  important,  at  the  present  time,  than  forms  for  recording 
attendance  and  enrollment  data,  is  the  securing  of  a  common  termi- 
nology for  certain  conditions  of  attendance  and  enrollment.  The 
following  definitions  are  submitted  as  representative  of  the  best 
practice : 

1.  Age  and  Grade  Classification. — For  this  purpose  the  age  on  the  1st  day  of 
September  should  be  used.  This  is  the  age  at  which,  approximately,  the  pupil  enters  upon 
the  work  of  a  new  grade.  There  are  good  reasons  for  taking  it  in  preference  to  January  1, 
{he  day  on  which  the  work  of  the  grade  is  partially  completed,  or  July  1,  the  approximate 
date  on  which  the  ivork  of  the  grade  is  finished.  It  is  commonly  used  in  school  census 
enumerations,  and  is  conveniently  near  the  time  at  which  a  great  majority  of  pupils  enter 
school.  If  once  recorded  on  the  "admission,  discharge,  and  promotion  card"  it  can  be 
made  a  matter  of  record  for  each  succeeding  year  with  practically  no  effort  and  with  little 
likelihood  of  error. 

2.  Number  Enrolled. — It  is  generally  understood  that  this  item  means  the  number 
enrolled  exclusive  of  duplication,  in  whatever  school  unit  it  is  reported  for.  The  way  in 
which  this  number  may  be  ascertained  is  indicated  under  "Enrollment  data,"  above. 

3.  Number  Belonging. — As  soon  as  a  pupil  is  known  to  have  left  the  school  without 
lntention  to  return  he  ceases  at  once  to  belong  and  he  is  not  thereafter  included  in  the  number 
belonging.  If  absent  under  any  other  circumstances  heis  carried  on  therollsas  "belonging," 
and  marked  absent  for  three  consecutive  days  (or  until  he  returns  [if  his  consecutive  absence 


36  REPORT   ON    UNIFORM   RECORDS    AND   REPORTS. 

is  less  than  three  days  in  duration).  He  is  "temporarily  discharged"  at  the  end  of  three 
consecutive  days  of  absence,  and  then  ceases  to  "belong"  until  he  returns  to  school  and  is 
"  readmitted. " 

A  period  of  three  days  is  suggested  as  the  limit  of  time  during  which  pupils  may  be  counted 
as  "belonging,"  for  the  reason  that  it  is  believed  to  represent  the  common  practice  in  a 
majority  of  the  States. 

N.  B. — "Average  number  belonging"  means  the  same  as  "average  membership."  The 
average  number  belonging  is  found  by  the  same  process  as  the  average  attendance. 

4.  Average  Attendance. — The  average  daily  attendance  during  the  school  year 
(which  is  the  average  number  of  pupils  actually  present  each  day  the  schools  were  in  session) 
may  be  computed  as  follows: 

(a)  For  a  single  school:  Add  together  the  number  of  days  each  pupil  was  present  during 
the  year  or  the  number  of  pupils  present  each  day  during  the  year,  and  divide  the  sum  (which 
is  the  "aggregate  attendance  in  days")  by  the  number  of  such  school  days. 

(b)  For  a  group  of  schools  having  the  same  number  of  days  in  the  year  (as  the  schools  of 
most  cities  have):  Divide  the  combined  aggregate  attendance  in  days  of  all  the  schools  by  the 
number  of  days  in  the  school  year. 

(c)  For  a  system  of  schools  having  different  lengths  of  school  year  (as,  for  instance,  those 
of  a  county):  Add  together  the  average  attendance  of  the  component  schools  and  groups  of 
the  system  as  ascertained  by  the  foregoing  rules.  For  larger  systems,  as  those  of  a  State, 
the  summing-up  process  is  continued  in  the  same  way. 

Note. — In  systems  of  schools  where  monthly  reports  of  attendance  are  called  for  the  gen- 
eral principles  of  a,  b,  and  c,  above,  apply  to  the  finding  of  monthly  averages.  The  sum  of 
the  monthly  averages  of  attendance  in  the  schools  of  most  cities,  divided  by  the  number  of 
months,  is  approximately  the  same  as  the  average  attendance  for  the  year  found  by  the 
methods  given  above. 

5.  Average  Number  op  Days  in  the  School  Year. — In  a  school  system  having 
different  lengths  of  school  year  in  its  various  units  (as  in  c,  above),  the  average  number  of 
days  in  the  school  year  is  found  by  dividing  the  combined  "aggregate  attendance  in  days" 
of  all  schools  of  the  system-  by  the  "average  attendance"  as  ascertained  by  the  method 
given  in  c. 

6.  Distributed  Attendance. — Distributed  attendance  is  the  attendance  of  individual 
pupils  distributed  by  groups  according  to  the  number  of  days  they  have  attended  school 
during  the  year. 

A  record  of  the  number  of  days  attended  by  each  pupil  during  the  year  is  provided  for  on 
the  "admission,  discharge,  and  promotion  card,"  and  it  is  believed  that  such  a  record,  if 
generally  kept,  will  prove  to  be  of  great  interest  and  value  in  measuring  school  efficiency . 

FISCAL   STATISTICS. 

In  order  to  determine  the  cost  of  any  particular  part  of  our  system 
of  education,  it  is  necessary  not  only  to  have  adequate  statistics 
concerning  pupils  and  teachers,  but  also  a  report  of  fiscal  statistics 
differentiated,  not  only  with  regard  to  the  purpose  for  which  money 
is  spent,  but  also  with  regard  to  the  special  types  of  schools  which 
are  found  in  a  given  city.  The  form  of  report  recommended  by  the 
committee  provides  for  such  differentiation  as  will  enable  anyone  to 
make  adequate  comparisons  among  the  several  cities  of  the  United 
States,  and  at  the  same  time  calls  for  a  system  of  accounts  which  will 
make  it  possible  to  discover  the  cost  of  particular  types  of  schools 
within  the  system  itself. 


FISCAL.  STATISTICS. 


37 


£  The  form  which  follows  was  agreed  upon  by  a  committee  of  repre- 
sentatives from  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education,  the  Census 
Office,  the  Association  of  School  Accounting  Officers,  and  the  Com- 
mittee on  Uniform  Records  and  Reports  of  the  Department  of  Superin- 
tendence. This  schedule  for  reporting  fiscal  statistics  is  the  one  now 
sent  out  by  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education.     It  is  as  follows: 

A.  PAYMENTS. 

I.  EXPENSES  (COST  OF  CONDUCTING  SCHOOL  SYSTEM). 


Total. 

Salaries. 

Other 
objects. 

Expenses  of  General  Control  (Overhead  Charges). 

2.  School  elections  and  school  cens 

5.  Operation  and  maintenance  of  office  b 

6.  Offices  in  charge  of  buildings  and  supi 

7.  Office  of  superintendent  of  scho 
S.  Enforcement  of  compulsory  edu 
9.  Other  expenses  of  general  contr 

cation  and  truancy  law 

10.  '          Total 

Total. 

Schools  and  special  activities. 

Day 
schools. 

Evening 
schools. 

Nor- 
mal 
schools. 

Schools 
for  the 
indus- 
tries. 

Special 
schools. 

Ele- 
men- 
tary, 
includ- 
ing 
kinder- 
garten. 

Second- 
ary 
(high). 

Ele- 
men- 
tary. 

Second 
ary. 

Spe- 
cial 
activ- 
ities. 

Expenses  of  Instruction. 
11 .  Salaries  of  supervisors  of  grades 

13.  Salaries  of  principals  and  their 

16.  Textbooks 

17.  Stationery  and  supplies  used  in 

Expenses  of  Operation  of 
School  Plant. 

20.  Wages  of  janitors  and  other  em- 

21.  Fuel 

22.  Water 

25.  Other  expenses  of  operation  of 

26.             Total 





38 


REPORT   ON    UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND  REPORTS. 


A.  PAYMENTS— Continued. 
I.  EXPENSES  (COST  OF  CONDUCTING  SCHOOL  SYSTEM)-Contlnued. 


Total. 

Schools  and  special  activities. 

Day 
schools. 

Evening 
schools. 

Nor- 
mal 
schools. 

Schools 
for  the 
indus- 
tries. 

Special 
schools. 

Ele- 
men- 
tary, 
includ- 
ing 
kinder- 
garten. 

Second- 
ary 
(high). 

Ele- 
men- 
tary. 

Second- 
ary. 

Spe- 
cial 
activ- 
ities 

Expenses  of  Maintenance  of 
School  Plant. 

27.  Repair  of  buildings  and  upkeep 

23.  Repair    and    replacement    of 

30.  Other  expenses  of  maintenance 

31.            Total 

Expenses  of  Auxiliary 
Agencies. 

libraries. 
32.  Salaries 

- 

33.  Books 

promotion  of  health. 

transportation  of  pupils. 
37.  Salaries 

39.            Total 

. 

Miscellaneous  Expenses. 

41.  Payments  to  schools  of  other 

44.  Rent 

40.             Total 



I 

II.  OUTLAYS  (CAPITAL  ACQUISITION  AND  CONSTRUCTION). 


• 

48,  New  buildings 

50.  Equipment  of  new  buildings 

51.  Equipment  of  old   buildings, 



52.             Total 

j 

! 1 1 

FISCAL   STATISTICS. 


39 


A.  PAYMENTS— Continued. 
III.  OTHER  PAYMENTS. 


53.  Redemption  of  bonds $. 

54.  Redemption  of  short-term  loans 

55.  Payment  of  warrants  and  orders  of  preceding  year 

56.  Payments  to  sinking  funds 

57.  Payments  of  interest 

58.  Miscellaneous  payments,  including  payments  to  trust  funds,  textbooks  to  be  sold 

to  pupils,  etc 

59.  Total 

60.  Balances  at  close  of  year  at .* $ . 

61.  Total  payments  and  balances 


B.  RECEIPTS. 

REVENUE  RECEIPTS. 


62.  Subventions  and  grants  from  State 

63.  Subventions  and  grants  from  county 

64.  Subventions  and  grants  from  other  civil  divisions 

65.  Appropriations  from  city  treasury 

66.  General  property  taxes 

67.  Business  taxes  (licenses,  excise  taxes,  taxes  on  corporations,  taxes  on  occupa- 

tions, etc.) 

68.  Poll  taxes 

69.  Fines  and  penalties 

70.  Rents  and  interest 

71.  Tuition  and  other  fees  from  patrons 

72.  Transfers  from  other  districts  in  payment  of  tuition 

73.  All  other  revenue 

74.  Total  revenue  receipts 


NONREVENUE  RECEIPTS. 


75.  Loans  and  bond  sales 

76.  Warrants  issued  and  unpaid 

77.  Sales  of  real  property  and  proceeds  of  insurance  adjustments. 

78.  Sales  of  equipment  and  supplies 

79.  Refund  of  payments 

80.  Other  nonrevenue  receipts 

81.  Total  nonrevenue  receipts 

82.  Total  receipts 

83.  Balances  at  beginning  of  year 

84.  Total  receipts  and  balances 


C.  VALUE  OF  SCHOOL  PROPERTIES. 


Class  of  buildings. 

Total  value 

of  sites, 
buildings, 

and 
equipment. 

Value  of 
sites  and 
buildings. 

Value  of 
equipment. 

Interest 

on  value 

of  school 

plant. 

40  REPORT  ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS  AND   REPORTS. 


DEFINITIONS  OF  TERMS  USED  IN  THE  SCHEDULE  FOR  REPORTING  THE 
FISCAL  STATISTICS  OF  CITIES. 


HEADINGS. 


Total. — Under  this  heading  include  the  sum  of  all  figures  in  the 
columns  to  the  right,  these  columns  to  contain  no  duplicates. 

Schools  for  the  industries. — Include  only  those  schools  winch  offer 
training  in  specific  vocations.  Do  not  include  those  schools  in  which 
instruction  in  hand  training  is  offered  with  a  general  educational  aim, 
as,  for  example,  the  prevailing  type  of  manual  training  high  school. 

Special  schools. — Include  schools  for  blind,  deaf,  feeble-minded, 
delinquents,  dependents,  etc. 

Special  activities. — Include  lectures,  playgrounds,  social  centers,  etc. 

ITEMS. 

School  year. — Report  data  for  the  school  year  instead  of  the  fiscal 
year  when  they  conflict,  if  this  is  possible  without  much  additional 
labor. 

Net  payments  and  receipts  only  to  be  reported. — The  receipts  and 
payments  to  be  reported  must  in  all  cases  be  net,  i.  e.,  the  receipts 
must  always  show  the  total  amounts  received  from  all  sources  less 
any  amounts  received  in  error  and  later  corrected  by  refund  pay- 
ments; and  the  payments  must  always  show  the  total  amounts  paid 
for  the  different  objects  less  any  amounts  paid  in  error  and  later 
corrected  by  refund  receipts. 

EXPENSES. 

Item  6.  Offices  in  charge  oj  buildings  and  supplies. — Divide  this  item 
into  two  parts  when  possible,  placing  upon  the  first  dotted  line 
expenses  of  "offices  in  charge  of  buildings,"  including  those  having 
charge  of  the  construction  and  maintenance  of  physical  properties, 
such  as  superintendent  of  buildings,  school  architects,  inspector  of 
buildings,  superintendent  of  repairs,  and  schoolhouse  commission. 
Payments  to  special  employees  engaged  exclusively  on  new  work 
should  be  charged  to  outlays.  Opposite  ' '  offices  in  charge  of  supplies ' ' 
upon  the  second  line,  report  expenses  of  the  offices  of  superintendent 
of  supplies,  business  manager,  or  other  officers  whose  duties  are  con- 
cerned with  the  purchase  and  distribution  of  supplies. 

Item  7.  Office  oj  superintendent  oj  schools. — -Include  all  payments 
for  salaries  and  expenses  of  the  superintendent  of  schools  and  of 
those  subordinate  administrative  officers  whose  duties  are  largely 
administrative  and  who  are  not  primarily  supervisors  of  instruc- 


FISCAL,  STATISTICS.  41 

tion,  such  as  assistant  superintendent  and  board  of  examiners.  See 
Item  11. 

Item  8.  Enforcement  of  compulsory-education  and  truancy  laws. — 
Include  salaries  and  office  expenses  of  truant  officers  and  police 
officers  detailed  as  truant  officers  if  paid  out  of  school  fund.  (Pay- 
ments for  expenses  of  truant  and  parental  schools  should  not  be 
entered  here,  but  in  column  headed  "Special  schools.") 

Item  11.  Salaries  of  supervisors  oj  grades  and  subjects. — Include 
salaries  of  assistant  superintendents  whose  duties  are  mainly  con- 
nected with  the  supervision  of  instruction  and  of  supervisors  of 
special  subjects  and  of  grades,  including  only  those  who  devote 
half  or  more  than  half  of  their  time  to  supervision.  Include  also 
the  salaries  of  clerks  of  such  officers. 

In  case  an  employee  renders  service  in  more  than  one  kind  of  school 
in  the  same  capacity,  as  that  of  a  supervisor,  prorate  his  salary,  clerk 
hire,  and  other  expenses  between  the  different  kinds  of  schools  ac- 
cording to  the  amount  of  time  devoted  by  him  to  each,  charging  the 
expense  to  the  same  account  under  each  kind  of  school. 

In  case  an  employee  performs  one  function  in  one  kind  of  school 
and  another  function  in  another  kind  of  school,  as  that  of  supervisor 
in  the  elementary  schools  and  that  of  teacher  in  the  secondary 
schools,  charge  his  salary,  clerk  hire,  and  other  expenses  to  the 
accounts  corresponding  to  the  function  to  which  he  gives  the  major 
portion  of  his  time  (if  his  time  is  evenly  divided,  to  the  higher  function, 
as  supervisor)  and  to  the  kind  of  school  in  which  he  exercises  such 
function. 

Item  13.  Salaries  of  principals. — This  item  includes  supervising 
principals,  principals  of  groups  and  districts,  and  principals  of  build- 
ings or  similar  units,  including  only  those  persons  devoting  half  or 
more  than  half  of  their  time  to  administration  and  supervision  of 
instruction. 

Item  15.  Teachers. — Include  all  regular,  special,  and  model  teachers 
who  devote  more  than  half  of  their  time  to  instruction. 

Item  16.  Textbooks. — Include  only  the  payments  for  free  textbooks 
furnished  the  pupils.  The  payments  for  textbooks  purchased  to  sell 
to  pupils  should  be  reported  under  Item  58. 

Item  17.  Supplies. — Supplies  are  those  things  which  when  once  used 
are  actually  or  constructively  consumed,  including  such  items  as  writ- 
ing paper,  drawing  paper,  blank  books,  pencils,  pens,  adhesives,  fas- 
teners, carbon  paper,  rubber  stamps,  supplies  for  typewriter,  and  other 
mechanical  office  or  school  devices;  magazines,  newspapers,  and  other 
printed  matter  for  current  use;  textbooks  (for  students,  not  purchased 
for  library),  test  tubes,  litmus  paper,  filter  paper;  polishing  and 
abrading  supplies;  brooms  and  scrub  brushes;  drugs,  chemicals, 
cleansers;  laboratory  supplies;  wearing  apparel;  food  supplies;  flags; 


42         REPORT  ON  UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 

recreational  supplies,  etc.  Include  also  freight  and  cartage  of  such 
items.  Supplies  used  in  instruction  should  be  included  under  Item 
17;  those  used  in  operation  of  plant,  under  Item  24.  See  also  defi- 
nition of  equipment,  Item  50. 

Item  18.  Other  expenses  of  instruction. — These  items  include  other 
expenses  incident  to  instruction,  as  rent  of  halls  for  graduation  exer- 
cises, diplomas,  etc. 

Item  21 .  Fuel.— Include  also  freight,  cartage,  and  weighing  charges. 

Item  24-  Janitor's  supplies. — See  Item  17. 

Item  27 .  Repair  of  buildings  and  uplceep  of  grounds. — Include  pay- 
ments for  labor  and  materials  incident  to  the  repair  of  buildings, 
including  painting,  glazing,  and  of  plumbing,  lighting,  heating,  and 
ventilation  equipment,  and  all  payments  for  labor  and  materials  inci- 
dent to  keeping  the  grounds  in  normal  condition. 

Item  28.  Repairs  and  replacement  of  equipment. — For  definition  of 
equipment  see  Items  50  and  51. 

Items  32,  33,  and  34-  Library  expenses. — Payments  for  these  ex- 
penses should  be  distributed  according  to  the  kind  of  school.  Pay- 
ments by  school  authorities  for  the  maintenance  of  libraries  used 
principally  by  the  general  public  and  not  exclusively  by  the  schools 
should  be  reported  under  "special  activities." 

Items  35  and  36.  Promotion  of  health. — Report  all  payments  for 
general  promotion  of  health  and  distribute  them  among  the  various 
kinds  of  schools  and  educational  activities  as  far  as  possible.  Among 
the  expenses  that  should  be  distributed  to  the  different  kinds  of 
schools  and  special  activities  are  "supervisors  of  physical  training," 
"care  and  upkeep  of  playgrounds,"  etc.  Payments  for  offices  of 
directors  and  other  overhead  charges  should  be  reported  on  the 
margin  or  on  separate  sheet  under  proper  heads,  as  "clinic,"  etc. 

Items  If)  and  J$.  Payments  to  private  schools  and  institutions. — 
Report  all  payments  by  the  school  system  to  private  schools  and 
institutions  for  the  care  and  instruction  of  children  in  schools  and 
institutions  other  than  those  belonging  to  the  school  system.  These 
payments  should  be  distributed  as  called  for  by  the  wording  of  the 
two  lines,  according  to  the  kind  of  school  or  institution  in  which  the 
children  are  kept;  if  in  a  day  school  or  night  school  they  should  be 
given  in  the  columns  for  such  schools;  while  if  in  an  institution  fur- 
nishing board  and  clothing  they  should  be  placed  in  the  column  for 
special  schools. 

Item  44-  Rent. — Charges  for  rent  of  offices  used  by  the  general 
administration  should  be  reported  under  Item  8. 

Items  4^-51.  Outlays. — Under  "Outlays"  report  all  payments  for 
lands,  new  buildings,  new  equipment,  additions  to  buildings,  or 
extensive  alterations  that  materially  change  and  improve  the  build- 
ings, classifying  these  payments  as  called  for  by  these  items.     Include 


FISCAL   STATISTICS.  43 

with  payments  for  land  all  costs  of  acquiring  title,  original  grading, 
and  improvements  to  the  grounds,  artesian  wells,  etc.  Include  with 
payments  for  new  buildings,  architects'  fees,  advertising  for  contracts, 
payments  on  contracts  for  construction,  installation  of  plumbing, 
lighting,  heating,  and  ventilation  equipment,  etc. 

All  reports  of  payments  for  new  equipment  for  general  administra- 
tion offices  and  all  reports  of  payments  for  the  acquisition,  construc- 
tion, or  equipment  of  new  buildings  for  the  general  administration 
should  be  reported  in  a  column  marked  "Administration"  on  the 
margin  or  on  an  extra  sheet. 

Items  50-51.  Equipment. — All  things  other  than  buildings,  fences, 
and  similar  structures  which  are  adapted  to  continuous  use  for 
increasing  the  efficiency  or  economy  of  human  effort,  -  including 
motors,  power-operated  machinery  and  accessories,  hand  tools, 
clocks,  pianos,  window  shades,  laboratory  apparatus,  furniture  and 
furnishings,  desks,  globes,  maps,  charts,  and  typewriters,  blackboards, 
except  when  included  in  contract  for  new  building,  wagons,  harness, 
and  other  things  used  in  transportation,  fire-fighting  apparatus, 
including  hose,  extinguishers,  etc.  (For  convenience  lighting,  plumb- 
ing, heating,  and  ventilating  equipment  are  considered  as  part  of  the 
building.) 

Item  58.  Miscellaneous  payments. — Include  also  any  excess  of  the 
amount  paid  for  supplies  purchased  for  a  storeroom  over  the  amount 
issued  on  requisition,  and  expenses  for  school  lunch  rooms  carried  on 
by  school  funds. 

RECEIPTS. 

Items  62-64-  Subventions  and  grants. — Include  all  subventions  and 
grants  whether  obtained  from  income  from  State  funds,  from  leases  of 
school  lands,  from  appropriations,  or  from  general  property,  business 
or  poll  taxes,  or  from  fines  and  penalties. 

Item  65.  Appropriations  from  city  treasury. — School  systems  that 
are  administered  as  departments  of  the  city  government  will  report 
after  Item  65  the  aggregate  appropriations  from  the  city  treasury 
for  the  use  of  school  systems  less  any  amounts  that  are  derived  from 
specific  sources  and  are  used  exclusively  for  specific  school  purposes. 
These  generally  include  amounts  that  for  independent  school  districts 
would  be  reported  after  Inquiries  62,  63,  64,  71,  72,  and  in  some  cases 
66.  All  amounts  deducted  as  above  directed  from  the  aggregate 
appropriations  should  be  reported  on  these  lines  as  in  the  case  of 
independent  school  districts. 

Item  78.  Sales  of  equipment  and  supplies. — Include  receipts  from 
sale  of  textbooks  and  supplies  to  pupils;  also  any  excess  of  the 
amount  of  supplies  issued  on  requisition  from  a  storeroom  over  the 
amount  paid  for  supplies;  also  receipts  from  lunch  rooms  carried  on 
by  school  funds,  from  admission  to  public  entertainments,  etc. 


44 


REPORT   ON   UNIFORM   RECORDS   AND  REPORTS. 


DEFINITIONS  OF  FISCAL  ITEMS  IN  THE  SCHEDULE  TOE  STATE  SYSTEMS 
AND  IN  THE  ABEIDGED  PISOAL  SCHEDULE  POK  CITIES. 


The  definitions  of  the  items  in  the  standard  fiscal  schedule  for  cities 
apply  to  the  same  items  in  the  standard  schedule  for  State  systems 
and  in  the  abridged  city  schedule,  but  many  of  the  items  in  the 
last  two  are  combinations  of  one  or  more  items  in  the  first  schedule. 
A  table  is  given  below  showing  how  this  combination  has  been  made. 
In  order  to  ascertain  the  kinds  of  expenses  that  should  be  charged 
to  any  item  in  either  of  the  last  two  schedules  the  definitions  of  all 
the  items  in  the  standard  schedule  which  were  combined  in  order  to 
make  the  item  should  be  consulted.  Thus,  to  determine  the  ex- 
penses to  be  charged  to  Item  10  in  the  abridged  schedule  for  cities, 
the  definition  for  Items  22,  23,  24,  and  25  in  the  standard  schedule 
must  be  followed,  as  is  indicated  in  the  following  table.  Similarly, 
the  expenses  to  be  charged  to  28b  in  the  State  schedule  are  given 
in  definitions  of  Items  21  to  25,  inclusive. 

Table  showing  manner  of  "telescoping  "  items  of  standard  fiscal  schedule  into  items  of 

other  schedules. 


State  schedule. 

Abridged  city  schedule. 

Standard  city  schedule. 

1 

2 

26a 

1 

• 

3 
4 
5 

6 

26b] 
26c  J 

2 

{I 

27a 

1! 

\12 
/13 
[14 

27b 

5 

15 

(6 

16 

27c 

h 

(17 

lis 

28a 

8 

r 

>0 

FISCAL   STATISTICS. 


45 


Table  shoiving  manner  of  "telescoping"  items  of  standard  fiscal  schedule  into  items  of 
other  schedules — Continued. 


State  schedule. 


Abridged  city  schedule. 


Standard  city  schedule. 


28b 

29 

30a 

30b 
30c 

31 

32 
33 

34 
35 


9 
10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

17 

18 

21 

20 

22 
25 

26 

27 
28 


21 
[22 
23 
24 
25 

27 
28 
29 
.30 

[32 
33 
|34 

35 
36 

37 

38 

40 
41 

42 
43 
44 
45 

47 
48 
49 

50 
51 

'53 
54 
55 
56 

57 

58 
62 
63 
64 
65 


46 


REPORT  ON  UNIFORM  RECORDS  AND  REPORTS. 


Table  showing  manner  of  "telescoping"  items  of  standard  fiscal  schedule  into  item*  of 
other  schedules — Continued. 


State  schedule. 

Abridged  city  schedule. 

Standard  city  schedule. 

29 

66 

30 

67 

31 

68 

32 

69 

33 

70 

34 

71 

35 

72 

36 

73 

38 

[75 
\76 

39 

[77 
[78 

40 

J79 
[80 

Progress  in  the  field  of  school  records  and  reports  will  be  made  pos- 
sible by  the  cooperation  of  superintendents  throughout  the  United 
States  with  the  Bureau  of  Education  and  with  the  committee  of  this 
department,  should  such  a  committee  be  permanently  appointed. 
The  discussion  of  this  committee  and  the  forms  which  are  submitted 
herewith  have  the  advantage  of  having  been  formulated  after  a  care- 
ful study  of  records  and  reports  which  are  at  present  in  use  in  our 
various  school  systems.  That  they  may  be  improved  upon  is  fully 
realized  by  those  who  have  contributed  to  the  discussion  and  inves- 
tigation which  has  led  to  the  formulation  of  this  report. 

Payson  Smith,  Chairman. 

George  Drayton  Strayer,  Secretary. 

William  H.  Elson. 

E.  C.  Warriner. 

Charles  M.  Lamprey. 

o 


i 


0  021  334  624  6    #