PABA ABAASASSSAaAaAaaaaagaaaaanaaaaac VOL. IX, NO. 3 MAY, 1931 Research Bulletin OF THE National Education Association BGESSGSGOGSGaSGSGGaoooasaoGaoooaaoaaa 9595806665555599 Salaries in City School Systems 1930-31 Ae PUBLISHED BY THE RESEARCH DIVISION OF THE S oS S iS) SS) Ny] 6 OS 6 Ns) 3 S S S S © 6 S 3 6 6 @ @ 6 3 m) © 3 9 © S ] 6 S &) S S © NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET NORTIWEST, WASHINGTON, D. C. 9999995999559 99959999598995993993998S3998 3 8 85665669605 96595655999099955955559 Research Bulletin of the National Education Association Published five times each year in Janua:v, March, May, September, and November by the Research Division of the National Education Association of the United States. President, Wittis A. SUTTON Secretary, J. W. CRABTREE The payment of the $5 membership fee of the National Education Association entitles one to receive the Research Bulletin, the Journal, the Annual Volume of Ad- dresses and Proceedings, and certain other publications of the National Education Asso- ciation for one year. One dollar of each $5 membership fee is for a year’s subscription to the Research Bulletin. The Research Bulletin may be subscribed for separately at a subscription price of $1 per year. Copies may be purchased for 25 cents, and in quantities at a reduced rate. Those entitled to receive the Research Bulletin regularly are asked to report at once any change of address, giving old as well as new address. Entered as second-class matter February 10, 1923, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized February 10, 1923. Director of Research: John K. Norton Associate Director: Margaret Alltucker Norton Assistant Directors: Frank W. Hubbard, William G. Carr, Richard R. Foster Executive and Editorial Offices - - - 1201 Sixteenth Street N. W., Washington, D. C. How to Secure Additional Copies Additional copies of this issue of the Research Bulletin may be obtained at the following prices, postpaid if remittance accompanies order: Single copies of this issue 25¢ 2 to 9 copies—10% reduction 10 to 99 copies—25% reduction 100 or more copies—33 1/3% reduction. Orders for Research Bulletins not accompanied by remittance are subject to trans- portation charges. Make checks payable to National Education Association. Subscriptions to Research Bulletins The Research Bulletin may be received regularly through a special subscription at $1 per year. Many of the early issues of the Research Bulletin are already out of print. The special subscription at $1 per year offers an opportunity to maintain a complete file of future Research Bulletins. Reproduction of Material in Research Bulletins Electro-mat-slide service: The National Education Association maintains a special service to aid those reproducing material appearing in its publications. Send orders or requests for further information to the Division of Publications. lables, charts, and any other material appearing in Research Bulletins may be reproduced for the advancement of education. No authority other than this notice is needed previous to such reproduction. For further information on this subject or others affecting the work of the Division, address the Research Division, National Education Association, 1201 Sixteenth Street N. W., Washington, D. C. [ 162] err a eee a ee Precaution as to Comparisons between the 1928-29 and the 1930-31 Salary Surveys Since 1923 the Research Bulletin of the Na- tional Education Association has presented summaries of the salaries paid in city school systems. These reports have shown median salaries and distributions of salaries according to size of city and type of position. Beginning in 1923 with information from 964 cities, the biennial survey has grown to include 1632 cities in this 1930-31 report. Previous surveys have classified the cities according to figures of the 1920 census. The 1930-31 survey, how- ever, classifies cities according to 1930 census data. This change to the 1930 census figures raises an important problem of interpretation. Changes in city classification between 1920 and 1930—In the 1928-29 salary study, data were reported for 67 cities over 100,000 in population. The tables of the present bulletin give data for 1930-31 for 88 cities over 100, 000 in population. Obviously, under the 1920 census figures used in the 1928-29 survey, 21 of these largest cities were classified in the 30,- 000 to 100,000 population group. ‘These 21 cities probably tended to raise the medians re- ported in 1928-29 for the cities of 30,000 to 100,000 population. The shift of these cities in the 1930-31 report to the class with more than 100,000 population probably tends to lower the medians reported for this group this year as compared with 1928-29. Other cities have shifted in their city size classification groups between 1920 and 1930. ‘These ex- tensive changes suggest the inadvisability of uncritical comparisons between medians _re- ported in the 1928-29 and 1930-31 surveys. Valid comparisons can be made only if these changes in grouping are allowed for. Some typical comparisons—The data in this bulletin show actual conditions in 1632 cities in 1930-31. The salary survey of two years ago showed actual conditions in 1401 cities in 1928-29. Due to the reclassification of cities, as required by the census which intervened between these two reports, certain unguarded comparisons are not advisable. For example, the median salary of senior high-school teachers for cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population was $2120 in 1928-29. The same figure for 1930- 31 is $2111. A few persons may infer an ap- parent decrease of $9 since 1928-29. Such a conclusion is clearly unsound when considered in terms of the reclassification of cities However, teachers, school executives, and others may use this bulletin to compare present salaries in a single city with present salaries in other cities of the same size throughout the country. For example, a superintendent may find that the median salary for elementary teachers in his city is $1400 for the vear 1930 31. If his city is in the 30,000 to 100,000 population group, he may turn to Table 12 12 he will note that the median for 204 cities of this size is $1609. He then knows that the median of this bulletin. In column 3 of Table salary paid in his city is $209 below that for other cities of the same size. Since the 204 city school systems reporting comprise over 90 per cent of the cities between 30,000 and 100,000 in the 1930 census, the median of 41609 is fairly representative of the entire group. Othe: valid comparisons will suggest themselves to persons interested in the salaries of teachers. A detailed study of existing conditions and salary trends in any selected group of cities may be made by using the Special Salary ‘Tab ulations described on page 167. The trend of the medians in comparable citiee—The 1928-29 salary survey included data from 1401 city school systems. This bul- letin contains data for 1930-31 for 1632 city school systems. One thousand forty school sys- tems reported data in both surveys. What has been the trend of the medians in these 1040 cities since 1928-29? Among the cities of more than 10,000 population, 75 per- cent report a higher median salary for teach- ers in 1930-31 than in 1928-29, 20 percent re- port lower median salaries in 1930-31 than in 1928-29, and 5 percent report the same median salaries both years. Among cities of less than 10,000 population, 60 percent report higher median salaries for teachers in 1930-31 than in 1928-29, 30 percent report lower median salaries in 1930-31, and 10 percent give the same median salaries in both years. It is clear, therefore, that in most of the city school systems reporting median salaries are higher than in 1928-29. This increase is more gen- eral among cities over 10,000 population than among smaller cities. [ 163 } CONTENTS Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Other School Employees in 1930-31 es cc aenn eee nwa PbO ns owns cevcedesereceecscces I Is o's du claidcidbcwaisins 6.060506 ead ews daindcccvecesse’ ™ ee ee Salaries in Cities Over 100,000 in Population.......................00000 0000000. Salaries in Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in Population.................... 000000 0eee Salaries in Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in Population.............................. ; Salaries in Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in Population.........................0000.. Salaries in Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in Population..................00..000c cece ene Salaries Paid School Administrative and Supervisory Officers in 1930-31........... Salaries in Cities Over 100,000 in Population....................0005 cee eeee. Salaries in Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in Population..................... 02.2.2... Salaries in Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in Population...................... cee cece. Salaries in Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in Population...................0.66. cece ee eee Salaries in Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in Population.................026.0. cece eee en 8 | ere ere eT ree Lae ct Puce pctake ShaWekre rs vecdusiscce-eveecs LIST OF TABLES Teachers, Principals and Other Employees Cities over 100,000 in population: Table 1—Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers..................... ee Ee Table 2—Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers, 1930-31................---00.... Table 3—Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers...............0006 6000 e eee e eee eens Table 4—Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers................. 005-0002 eecceedees ah Table 5—Median Salaries Paid Teachers................60 066 c cece eee eens Table 6—Distribution of Salaries Paid Principals......................2200000005. Table 7—Minimum Salaries Paid Principals..................000000ccceeuees Table 8—Maximum Salaries Paid Principals................ 0.666660 0 cece eee es Table 9—Median Salaries Paid Principals...................00 0000 ccc cee eens Table 10—Distribution of Salaries Paid Other School Employees.................. Table 11—Median Salaries Paid Other School Employees...................... Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population: Table 12—Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers...................000 0000 eu eee Table 13—Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers...................000 00 cee eee enes Table 14—Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers .....................00 000 e eee eeee ; Table 15—Median Salaries Paid Teachers..................00 006 c cence eee eens Table 16—Distribution of Salaries Paid Principals..................6....660000055- Table 17—Minimum Salaries Paid Principals......................6..0000-00000055. Table 18—Maximum Salaries Paid Principals...................2-6020000e0e0ee- Table 19—Median Salaries Paid Principals................66006 066 c cece cee eens Table 20—Distribution of Salaries Paid Other School Employees..................... Table 2i—Median Salaries Paid Other School Employees........................... Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population: Table 22—Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers.............. 0.0000 c eevee eecccees Table 23—Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers...............6..06 666 c cece eee eeees Table 24—Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers................000c ccc cece eee eu eees Table 25—Median Salaries Paid Teachers................0 0c ccc eee ee eee eee eues ; Table 26—Distribution of Salaries Paid Principals................ 666-0600 c ee eun. Table 27—Minimum Salaries Paid Principals..................00600 0c cece eee e eens Table 28—Maximum Salaries Paid Principals.......... 2.22... 66 0000 c cee ee cenee Table 29—Median Salaries Paid Principals...............6 66602 e eee cece e eee eens Table 30—Distribution of Salaries Paid Other School Employees..................... Table 31—Median Salaries Paid Other School Employees.......................... [ 164 ] Pag: Nm MN bY bY bY LIST OF TABLES—(Continued) Teachers, Principals and Other Employees—(Continued) Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population: Page Table 32—Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers................... 191 Table 33—Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers....................205. 191 Table 34—Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers.................... ae 191 Table 35—Median Salaries Paid Teachers................ccceeceees 192 Table 36—Distribution of Salaries Paid Principals.................. 193 Table 37—Minimum Salaries Paid Principals....................... —a 193 Table 38—Maximum Salaries Paid Principals....................... : 194 Table 39—Median Salaries Paid Principals..................... 194 Table 40—Distribution of Salaries Paid Other School Employees.... 195 Table 41—Median Salaries Paid Other School Employees........ are Oe 196 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population: Table 42—Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers................... 197 Table 43—Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers...............0..00000- 197 Table 44—Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers....................05. 197 Table 45—Median Salaries Paid Teachers....................0008: 198 Table 46—Distribution of Salaries Paid Principals.................. 199 Table 47—Minimum Salaries Paid Principals... Fee Cr rer reer 200 Table 48—Maximum Salaries Paid Principals...................+.. 200 Table 49—Median Salaries Paid Principals........................ 202 Table 50—Distribution of Salaries Paid Other School Employees..... 202 Table 51—Median Salaries Paid Other School Employees........... , 203 Administrative and Supervisory Officers Cities over 100,000 in population: Page Table 52—Salaries Paid Administrative and Assistant Administrative Officers........ 205 Table 53—Salaries Paid Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors and Assistant I ic eg 6k I nates 6 rabelviy’-opdinsresce iit was euelemi te asnias newer Cae 206-207 Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population: Table 54—Salaries Paid Administrative and Assistant Administrative Officers......... 209 Table 55—Salaries Paid Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors and Assistant NUIEE oss ch back cdoas ens PRE Rey . 210-211 Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population: Table 56—Salaries Paid Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors and Assistant i, ee eee 5 ah Nos Sakae sola cess SS baa beak duce el 212-13 Table 57—Salaries Paid Administrative and Assistant Administrative Officers sie aan Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population: Table 58—Salaries Paid Administrative Officers...........cccceccscccsccsceecves vm, SS Table 59—Salaries Paid Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors and Assistant EOE EE TET Tee , eatin. bwin . 216-17 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population: Table 60—Salaries Paid Administrative and Assistant Administrative Officers......... 218 Table 61—Salaries Paid Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors and Assistant EP ee ee Rats is oot ~« 2a LIST OF CHARTS — Chart I—Median Salaries Paid Elementary School Teachers in Cities, 1930-31 167 Chart II—Median Salaries Paid Junior High School Teachers in Cities, 1930-31.......... 177 Chart III—Median Salaries Paid Senior High School Teachers in Cities, 1930-31 177 Chart IV—Median Salaries Paid Supervising Elementary School Principals in Cities, 1930-31 183 Chart V—Median Salaries Paid Junior High School Principals in Cities, 1930-31 ihae Chart VI—Median Salaries Paid Senior High School Principals in Cities, 1930-31 a Chart VII—Median Salaries Paid City Superintendents of Schools in Cities, 1930-31 204 [ 165 ] FOREWORD AILY some 25,000,000 children are committed to the guidance of 800,000 teac! ers. In the learning environment thus set up in the schools lies the future of ou: nation. If teaching attracts devoted and well-trained persons, the welfare of ou: country is secure. If our classrooms are in the hands of incompetents, then we are con mitting intellectual suicide. Recently, a few thoughtless persons and some organized groups have thought i possible to relieve the economic depression by reducing the salaries of teachers. Economi stability and the return of prosperity will never be secured by widespread reduction in buying power through arbitrary wage-cuts. Unfortunately, attacks against teachers’ salaries are often made without consulting the facts. Radical changes, which are based on anything less than full and exact know! edge of existing conditions, are dangerous. On the other hand, nothing can do more to assure teachers an adequate salary schedule than a complete and accurate body of facts concerning the salaries now paid. These considerations suggest the great importance of the present issue of the Re- search Bulletin. Year after year the National Education Association has brought togethe: the most complete body of facts about teachers’ salaries ever collected. This issue of the Research Bulletin presents the most complete and recent facts available as to the salaries of school employees in 1632 city school systems in 1930-31. Tables are arranged so that one may quickly ascertain median, minimum, and maximum salaries in all population : groups. For those who require additional detailed data for individual cities, a series of - special salary tabulations will be prepared. Rage er School boards, executives, and teachers will wish to give careful attention to the facts presented in this bulletin. When necessary, these facts should be given due publicity. Before salary reductions are invoked citizens should know the truth about the present situation. They should consider such questitons as these: In terms of trainingand responsi- bility of teachers is it just to reduce the salaries of an underpaid profession? Should our ; children have a higher or lower quality of teaching service than they now have? Can we afford to make arbitrary reductions in the salaries paid to the persons who teach ou: children? ewe J. W. Crastres, Secretary, National Education Association. | 3 eae DL EER I CE, OTS es Si TOS NG ee = = Ay [ 166] — I. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals, and Certain Other School Employees, 1930-31 This issue of the Research Bulletin presents in summary form facts as to salaries paid in city school systems in 1930-31. The salaries ¢ 368,418 city school employees are included in the tabulations. ‘The blanks used in col- lecting these salary data are reproduced on pages 220 to 225. Familiarity with this form will aid one in properly interpreting the tabu- lations presented. The tables of this section of the Bulletin give figures for the following groups of school employees : 1. Classroom teachers 2. Principals 3. Certain other school employees — school nurses, clerks, janitors and attendance officers. The salary data for the above classes of tion groups may be found beginning on the = pages indicated: Cities over 100,000 page 168 Cities 30,000 to 100,000—page | Cities 10,000 to 30,000—page 185 Cities 5,000 to 10,000—page 191 Cities 2,500 to 5,000—page 19 he following figures are given for the various classes ef teachers and principals in each population group: 1. Complete distributions of salaries paid by all cities reporting. See Table 1 for distribu- tions of salaries paid teachers in cities over 100,000 in population. 2. Distributions of minimum salaries provided in the schedules of all cities reporting. See Table 3 for beginning salaries scheduled for teachers in cities over 100,000 in popu- iation. steel tenes nak te. eal 3. Distributions of maximum salaries provided school employees are arrange oy population in the schedules of all cities reporting. See groups. Information for the various popula- Table 4 for the maximum salaries scheduled CHART I 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 POPULATION 204 CITIES 30,000 to 100,000 POPULATION 449 CITIES 10,000 to 30,000 POPULATION 45) CITIES 5,000 to 10.000 POPULATION 44O CITIES 2.500 to 5.000 POPULATION MEDIAN SALARIES PAID ELEMENTARY SCHGOL TEACHERS IN CITIES [930-3]! 2 : Kesearch Otvtstore Nateoral Education. Assoct@aite therm Seed aesnicntpeatien ae sh I Rice ece for teachers in cities over 100,000 in popula- tion. 4. Median salaries by states. See Table 5 for median salaries by states of classroom teach- ers in cities over 100,000 in population. Complete distributions of salaries and me- dian salaries by states are given for nurses, clerks, janitors and attendance officers. Maxi- mum and minimum salaries are not reported in this Bulletin for these employees since a considerable percent of cities have not placed them on a specific schedule, or did not report the schedule if one existed. The approximate levels of beginning and maximum salaries for these school employees may be estimated by inspecting the distributions of salaries paid. For example, consult Table 10 for cities over table shows that approximately 10 percent: 9; the nurses in cities of this size are rece’ ng salaries of less than $1300, while ap; mately 18 percent have reached salari: $2000 or more. Salary Data for Individual Cities The cost involved precluded the possibility of issuing a printed report giving salary data for individual cities. It was found possible however, to reproduce photographically the typewritten tabulation sheets giving informa tion for individual cities. These sheets have been arranged in ten sets, by population gro. Two sets of tabulations are available for each of the five population groups indicated above. one for teachers, principals and certain othe; 100,000 in population. Column 2 of this school employees, and one for administrative TABLE 1.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN 88 CITIES OVER 100.000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 } Elementary unior high school igh school school | J High Teach- Kinder-|________ -y - Niceiien ers in garten | ¢ : | part- Salaries paid teach- past or teach Ass't or Depart-|Ass’t or time ers | Teach-| vice- Teach-| vice- | Deans |Teach-| ment | vice- | Deans schools ers princi- ers princi- ers heads | princi- pals | pals pals 1 2 3 ee 6 7 8 9 10 mu | i 13 $4,400 and over.....|......./....... 5 PEPE p Me? ee eee 561 2 4,200 to $4,399... .|..... S oe | t Ry FhSe i} Pees eRe 75 4 4,000 to 4,199....|....... 12 29 | 3 5 7 1 | 2,708 763 48 35 214 3,800 to 3,999....)....... 2,505 13 | 629 | 1,741 24.29.8 1,798 51 42 85 3,600 to 3,799....|....... 397 13 89 135 57 2 | 1,177 70 65 3 43 3,400 to 3,599....|....... 282 3 65 187 28 16 | 1,216 317 54 5 d¢ 3,200 to 3,399... 588 | 6,609 29 58 476 19 7 | 2,167 293 39 6 5( 3,100 to 3,199... 52 993 14 55 306 12 11 951 90 11 4 4 3,000 to 3,099... 5 186 25 26 639 3 6 | 2,113 105 8 16 4 2,900 to 2,999... 77 945 25 72 511 3 1 975 71 5 6 64 2,800 to 2,899... 89 | 1,436 148 179 | 1,535 12 4 | 2,032 46 8 13 2 2,700 to 2,799... 130 996 39 409 769 3 3 | 2,101 lil i4 19 & 2,@00to 2,699.. 95 | 2,323 91 573 998 6 3} 1,745 87 2 9 Rs 2,500to 2,599... 500 | 6,371 11 358 946 20 5 | 1,311 70 3 5 7 2,400 to 2,499... 500 | 7,941 38 | 513 | 1,441 3 1 | 2,346 71 4 3 10 2,300 to 2,399... 269 | 3,681 36 278 | 1,326 3 3 | 1,480 28 2 2 ) 2,200 to 2,299... 600 | 7,813 30 388 | 1,086 4 3 | 1,814 37 2 9 ( 2,100 to 2,199... 347 | 5,490 7 361 | 1,330 1 1 | 1,373 22 1 5 8 2,000 to 2,099... 529 | 7,649 13 r URES Of ee See 1,595 Oe Nai 3 7 1,900to 1,999... 320 | 4,555 3 364 | 1,128 1 1 949 > h, wwiied 2 64 1,800 to 1,899... 424 | 6,808 2 ieee 3 Saaee 2] 1,151 DP nua 3 78 1,700to 1,799... 402 | 6,631 8 225 ) 1 600 ee 1 26 1,600 to 1,699... 367 | 5,332 3 309 » ae 1 488 S aPRe Ae i 2¢ 1,500to 1,599... 421 | 4,599 22 179 594 |....... 1 363 D Ecstntrs e's 1 24 1,400to 1,499... 296 | 3,403 2 152 2. Sere 1 263 8 ae 13 1,300 to 1,399... 211 | 2,726 1 67 8 en area 176 tp) A en 13 1,200 to 1,299... . 2h}. 2 ee 47 SEP ad cic aelnwaS o's 3 Be Be o's. ies abtacn es 1 1,100to 1,199... 105 3 ae 19 Yt eae 1 CC ee eae 10 1,000to 1,099... 106 O68 Ssvecces 14 a err Ph nas ole were dak 5 Below $1,000...... 75 GBS Boise scsc 25 EE ee hintaan. Bc debe & SES 6,746 |96,003 | 1,358 | 6,213 |20,770 207 75 |33,178 | 2,289 944 157 | 1,75¢ aes ,077 ($2,118 280 $2,372 $2348 [83.496 $3,092 $2,731 |$3,436 |$5,544 |$2, 042 $2,695 The form used in collecting data, in each class. ae. oe ge as follows: Out of a total of 6, i“ kinde received sa laries between $3 200 and $3.599, t were reported, 588 median saauy paid this group of teachers in dine over B vis ‘000 in populaticn is $2,077. medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank reproduced on pages 220 and 221 for further information as to what teachers are included eachers in cities over 100,000 in population for which data 52 received salaries between $3,100 and $3,199, etc. The Similarly read figures for other [ 168 J Sent of TABLE 2---ILLUSTRATION OF DATA AVAILABLE IN SPECIAL SALARY TABULATIONS LC] y “hs rr MeWTARY Thace me x } oe over 100,04 pus wx Bhéier Teleries : 16007 . ° - 299? Abe? ay 7 ’ . oe se3| 942 | 963 Pri pres 3403 4see S530 oas3] 19001630. 00 - . es 4) 8 so| ee) sr “ frovet/ g2-sab * 4) 83| 80/ of) Br “ 7204 2) 28 sos “1 x er : 348) ox a L. * sow tae . O48 root ‘ " 1x oom J cS Y data 1se0 7% 32 " “| ; . idla c o3| 21) os] fs ol us o: yzoak/ = 08a r 2 ls . 1 | wl el 3 - SS1D Le soool/ | si00k/ eo} se! 19! os] os} os! @ , 8) 13) 1 ‘ o} 1006 2200 , 5 > 4 e 4 6 ‘ ‘ 1400 2600W si 4 z . : Srcenria : Orma 3 ot 66 | 107 b . 1080 10 « 18 ? Po 990 ‘ s| 167 P o| ma] ee] as) me sl nl ee le 2268 r +) ~~ 2 + 4 ” 7 a i} | 7) wl 9 4s6| a20| 26 418 | 606) ‘ars sano} ass 800 soem r ace ‘ * 466) 32 4) ba2 | 428) 406) 478 shee! 48) ae 1000 1% 8 Py 4 | 7) | | 49) 1% mM) 416) 3 2 | 9 S| 6} 109) 6 | : noc ' 4) - | 38 it) 4 : € ) 1000 L ” r *| ‘ 4 " ‘ 4 ni ot ™ ’ 2 rT) s 83 ’ <7 1 v a re ‘ a «| » as * “ DOVe eae ® s| el «| 3s al ol a ‘ 2| 9! so; 43) 40} 42 mm 82) 88| 28) 2 | 6 1200 wom 4 : J M ‘ « 4 ’ , oe 26 z ] ” s ( thas ° «| | 73) Be) « 4 « 1) x 7 . ‘ 1200 e on - . i “ a = 2x 244 m4 o| @| ae] 1 ae) ei) 10) eo) 30 P if} e ‘ iM Lay . ™“ Me i] ‘ ’ a/ | 0om ‘ ‘ ise %| 6 9 6 | 83) 90) 1% « | 3 , 83; 90) % ‘ 2 s| 8 ad M ™ es J » ” 3 i e s i « 00m « 4106a/ ™ «6423 2 ™ Lid + tS) § i 4493 2 | e2| 17/ 132 | 166| 160! 197| 206) one 2 2 | 6 0 | : ———, i) 113] 14) 6 fe/ 113) 14 h 3 ch- ° _ uw} 2) «6 4 ro ‘ 1e e 0ls ‘ ‘ ues « wo| «| « A_ ‘ 90] 109! 93! * 4 se is] 6 ‘ 4| 990 244) 629 ‘ ee ; 4 mx i4 , 0 i ‘ ‘ ‘ 410] 403) ane! 62 : : if | \ | eve Bee : aan) 1 ve as ‘ i } |} «| 8 | «| 2 i |e 2 4 | 8 i} 8 | s | i j | | - ; [ 169 ] — a —_— pa ee tend ee ——---- -— } TABLE 3.—MINIMUM SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting minimum indicated for Amount of minimum salary Kinder- |Elemen-| Junior High garten tary high school teachersiteachers| school |teachers } teachers 1 2 > Te 5 $2,200 to $2,299. , — | 2,100to 2,199... . | 1 1 | 2,000 to 2,099. . | } 4 1 1,900 to 1,999.. 2 1 | 1,800 to 1,899. 4 7 a 1,700 to 1,799... 2 6 | | 1,600 to 1,699.. 2 2 | 4 10 | 1,500 to 1,599.. 3 4 | 7 14 | 1400to 1,499.. 5 6 | 11 13 | 1,300 to 1,399 5 6 } 10 5 1,200 to 1,299 22 32 14 14 1,100 to 1,119... 10 12 4 3 1,000 to 1,099... 16 16 3 3 Below $1,000 5 5 3 2 a a | 2 a Total..... 68 | 83 66 82 Median sof $1,214 | $1,227 | $1,390 | $1,507 Read table as follows: 2 cities over 100,000 in popula- tion reported a minimum salary of between $1,600 and $1,699 for kindergarten teachers, 3 cities reported a minimum of between $1,500 and $1,599, etc. The median minimum paid kindergarten teachers reported by 68 cities of this size is $1,214. Similarly read the other columns of this table. The medians given in this table, are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 223 for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. TABLE TEACHERS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN The Meaning of Median Those not familiar with the median look upon it as having, for ordinary pur; the same significance as the familiar ave, More specifically, the best paid 50 percent a group of teachers receive salaries eq or greater than the median salary and poorest paid 50 percent of a group of teac! receive salaries equal to or less than the me- For example, in Table 1, column dian. is given the distribution of salaries paid ( kindergarten teachers in cities over 100 in population, receiving salaries all the way from “below $1000” to between ‘$3200 $3399.” The median or middle salary of 1 4.—MAXIMUM SALARIES POPULATION IN 1930-1931 ers ) 74 if NH) PAID and supervisory officers—ten sets of tabulations in all. Table 2 illustrates the information pre- sented in these tabulations. This table gives detailed information as to salaries paid elemen- tary school teachers in 88 cities over 100,000 in population. The third column of Table 1 presents in summarized form the data of Table 2. It will be noted that the same number of elemen- tary school teachers, 96,003, is concerned in each table. Column 3 of Tables 3, 4 and 5 is similarly based on the data given in Table 2 in columns 6, 7 and 5, respectively. Sets of tabulations made up of tables similar to that reproduced as Table 2 are available for each class of school employee- for which data are presented in this Bulletin. For many purposes, the summary tables given in this Bulletin will be sufficient. Superintendents, teachers’ salary committees and others in need of more detailed data may obtain the appro- priate set of tabulations.' | Number of cities reporting maximum indicated for Amount of a manum Kinder-|Elemen-| Junior | Hig! salary garten | tary high schor teachersiteachers' school |teache: teachers 1 2 3 4 $4,200 and over 4,000 to 4,199. 1 3,900 to 3,999.. 3,800 to 3,899. 1 4 3,700 to 3,799. 3,600 to 3,699. 1 1 1 3,500 to 3,599. 1 1 2 3,400 to 3,499. 1 1 2 3,300 to 3,399. . 2 1 1 3,200 to 3,299. . 2. 4 4 3,100 to 3,199. 2 } 1 2 3,000 to 3,099... 4 | 4 5 g 2,900 to 2,999.. shine 1 2,800 to 2,899.. 3-4 5 4 5 2,700 to 2,799. 4 } 5 3 2,600 to 2,699. a og 7 6 2,500 to 2,599... 3 4 5 2,400 to 2,499.. 4 | 5 7 ¢ 2,300 to 2,399.. 4 4 3 } 2,200 to 2,299.. 7 10 2 } 2,100 to 2,199.. 4 6 2 1 2,000 to 2,099. . 6 8 1 3 1,900 to 1,999 3 4 3 1,800 to 1,899 3 4 1 1,700 to 1,799.. 6 6 1 1 1,600 to 1,699. 1 1 1,500 to 1,599.. 2 3 1,400 to 1,499.. -~ 1 1,300 to 1,399. "e 1 Below $1,300... 1 2 Total..... 67 | 82 64 82 Median...... $2,313 | $2,280 | $2,671 | $2,840 Read table as follows: 1 city over 100,000 in popula tion reported a maximum salary of between $3,600 and $3,699 for kindergarten teachers, 1 city reported a maximum of between $3,500 and $3,599, etc. The median maximum paid kindergarten teachers reported by 67 cities of this size is $2,313. Similarly read the other columns of this table. he medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170 See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 223 as to what teachers are included in each class. 3 For further information concerning these tabulations consult page 226 of this Bulletin. [ 170] la Qn may DUT Poses aver Tcent of eq to and the tea hers the me. umn ? id ) 100.000 he way 00 ot +} PAID 2 IN xImum High choo] acher 340 0 d Lidl - ip is $ 2077, hers receive salaries of $ that is, half of these 6746 $2077 or more and $2077 +r e other half receive salaries of $ or less. [he median minimum and the median maxi- m salaries should be similarly interpreted the middle minimum or maximum of the Table as many cities have a minimum stribution concerned. For example, in column 2, ry for kindergarten teachers equal to or -ater than $1214, the median given at the i foot of this column, as have a minimum salary at ual to or less than this median.! The method of calculating all medians is that given on Salaries in Cities Over 100,000 in Population esents distri- 1930-31 salarie S. Teachers Table 1 pr butions of the salaries paid during + to twelve cities 100,000 in at the of the table and inquiry blank, which is repro ? 92 ; duced on pages 220 to 223, give eachers in The notes groups of t ove! population. foot information as to the teachers included in each column. The total number in each group and the me dian salary are given at the foot of each col Statistical Methods Applied page 110 of: Rugg, Harold O., Education. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin Co. 1917. TABLE 5.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elementary Junior high school High school school Teach- Kinder-|__ Atypical ers of garten class | part- States teach- \Ass’t or teach- | Ass't or Depart- Ass't or time ers Teach-| vice- ers |Teach-| vice- Deans | Teach-| ment vice- | Deans | schools ers princi- | ers princi- ers heads princi pals } pals pals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 & 9 10 1 12 13 United States $2,077 |$2,118 |$4,280 |$2,372 |$2,348 |$3,496 $3,092 $2,731 |$3,.436 $5,544 $2,942 $2,695 8 Ww \labama 1,610 1,690 2,073 2,550 1,000 California 1,962 2, 287 2,450 ? 463 2,685 3,636 3,017 2,684 3.350 3,988 > 802 slorado 2,220 | 2,227 2,350 | 2,576 3,100 | 2,812 3,36 3,233 » 550 Connecticut. 1,725 1,856 2,210 2,168 2,476 3,020 Delaware... 1,600 2,010 2,040 2,020 2,221 2,750 Dist. of C olur mbia 2,226 2,219 2,223 2,424 2,834 3,538 3,490 Florid: 1,250 1,208 | 1,355 1,468 1,763 1,183 Georgia 1,719 1,754 2,014 2,358 2,435 2,915 1,800 Illinois 2, 511 2,516 1,550 2,47 2,725 3,833 3,454 3,441 2,300 4,300 4,100 4,000 + Indiana 1,680 1,882 1,917 2,118 2,474 3,068 3,425 » 813 1,893 lowa 1,895 1,859 1,838 2,032 2,400 2,322 Kansas 1,550 1,746 1,717 1,850 1,975 2,248 2,560 Kentucky. 1,536 1,508 1,600 | 1,643 2,091 2,590 Louisiana.... 1,340 | 1,709 1,864 2,475 Maryland a 1,660 2,314 2,056 1,965 2,538 2,555 | 3,250 3,400 1,858 Massachusetts 1,876 1,953 1,999 | 2,383 2,850 2,649 | 3,704 3,711 2,675 2,438 Michigan... 1,919 2,003 2,842 2,402 2,494 3,733 2,758 | 3,527 4,400 2,679 Minnesota.. 1,745 1,797 2,250 1,950 2,200 2,337 2,733 3,425 2,750 Missouri 2,209 2,120 A 2,232 2,300 2,846 3,900 2,750 Nebraska...... 2,090 em 2 ae 1,450 2,400 2,448 2,775 New Jersey. . 2,440 | 2,230 | 4,133 | 2,672 | 2,545 | 3,400 3,502 |4,000+)| 4,800 | 4,200 | 2,625 New York........ 2,601 2,652 4,633 3,608 3,446 3,700 3,435 |}4,000+) 5,734 3,050 3,138 Ohio Hee Sésean 2,050 2,037 | 2,913 2,398 | 2,413 3,225 2,614 3,306 3,715 2,313 Oklahoma..... 1,517 1,903 1,475 2,141 2,500 | 2,461 2,789 2,450 Se ECT 6,385.) 2,213.1. 2,058 | 2,266 | 2,663 | 2,750 | 2,750 Pennsylvania. . . 1,886 | 2,073 | 2,738 | 2,433 | 2,392 3,236 |4,000+! 3,700 » 644 Rhode Island. . 1,850 | 1,794 | 2,050 | 2,150 2,559 | 3,150 2, 183 Tennessee 1,170 | 1,503 1,649 2,047 | 2,283 Texas ee eee 1,267 1,629 1,550 See 2,500 2,050 2,030 | 2,530 3,050 300 1,650 ae 1,775 1,557 1,842 2,093 1,810 WR na caivess 1,500 | 1,507 1,920 | 1,804 2,050 | 2,500 | 2,875 Washington........| 2,000 | 1,933 2,140 | 1,950 2,206 | 2,903 | 3,450 | 2,925 | 2,088 Wisconsin >. 265 ?. 390 ?. 418 2.026 ?.619 3,900 Read table as follows: $2,077 is the median salary paid kindergarten teachers in the United States in cities with a population of over 100,000; $2,118 is the median salary paid size. Position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. The medians given in this table, figured according to the upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of teachers indicated. data, reproduced on pages 220 and 221, for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. Similarly read figures for states and other groups of teachers. ported by cities of over 100,000 within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of employees in the elementary teachers in the United States in cities of this Where no figure is given the position was not re- method described in the statement on page 170, are based See blank form used in collecting [171 Sy — J umn. Those not familiar with the meaning of TABLE 7—MINIMUM_ SALARIES pajp I median will find it explained on page 170. PRINCIPALS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN Table 3 gives the minimum salaries of four POPULATION IN 1930-1931 groups of teachers as scheduled in cities over — 100,000 in population. For example, the min- | Sieciigedn ianiitinied reporting minimum imum for elementary school teachers, accord- indicated for ing to column 3, is below $1000 in five cities Amount of a aye o . . e ee um emen uni ligt and is between $1600 and $1699 in two cities; | salary | school principals high schoo the median minimum being $1227. | ee Se L mew Table 4 presents similar data as to maxi- ]) hy - 4 cipals mum salaries. Two cities report a maximum |, P 7 2 —s 2 for elementary teachers of below $1300, while a 2 fe one reports a maximum of between $3800 and 5,000 to $5,499. ; , ‘ 4,500 to 4,999. . | 2 $3899 ; the median maximum being $2280. 4,000 to 4,499... | 6 3,900 to 3.999. soil 3,800 to 3,899. oe 3.700 to 3,799. 1 3,600 to 3,699.. 1 | 4 3,500 to 3.599... 2 a TABLE 6.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID 3:400 to 3.499. 1 | 3 PRINCIPALS IN 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 Pe i + oo IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 3,100 to 3,199. . || rs 3 3,000 to 3,099. _ || ay 6 2,900 to 2,999. | 3 ont ae — respeen: 2,800 to 2.899... Dae 2:700 to 21799... || 3 3 Elementary , +" school Junior | High | Princi- zesoto 2099...| 4 s.) 3 principals | high |school| pals of 2400 io 2490. || : : Snamepee ee oe | 2'300 to 2'309...) 3 3 = hey BF 2,200to 2,299..} 2 | 5 | i Teach-|Super-| cipals , 2:100 to 2:199.. r 8 ) 4 2000 to 2:099.. || 3 6 : is betel sls 6 Aimee) 3 | | | | , ¢ an S | $7,000 and over....|...... 59 46 4 | 1,700 to 1,799. ..| Bd 1 ("6,000 to $6,999. 327 | 6 | 2 | 13 | Lee te 1.699..-| 2 s | 5,500 to 5,999... 67 | 20 | 86 2 clow $1,600.....) 6 | | 5,000 to 5,499... 131 | 61 | 117 7 ae ann on | 4,800 to 4,999... tas | $8 | 37 |...... | Total. . = 2. 8 = fe | 8 600 to 4.799... ||... 46 29 2 y~ 3 ena ey ry | 4,400 to 4,599....|..... 198 42 37 5 Median........ $1,925 $2,169 $3 , 467 $3 , 850 4.200 to 4.399.._ 145 | 33 | 33 3 , 4,000 to 4,199. |... 279 | 36 | 29 9 a | i 3,800 to 3,999....|...... 238 26 12 4 _ Read table as follows: 4 cities over 100,000 in popula- . 3,600 to 3,799. 16 305 48 18 3 } tion reported a minimum salary of between $2,600 bss 3,400 to 3,599.. 3 358 33 11 4 and $2,699, for teaching elementary schoo! principals i 3,200 to 3,399... 6 400 26 x 6 Ay ges a ——_ of ~—y ore and Pig 3,100 to 3,199... 11 148 7 1 3 5 , etc. e median minimum paid teaching ele- ud 3,000 to 3,099....| 10 | 242 19 4 ee mentary school principals reported by 28 cities of this " 2,900 to 2,999... 17 161 4 2 m. 43 - ae Similarly read the othe. columns of 2,800 to 2,899... 61 154 2 S. Koeseen this table. ; 2,700 to 2,799... 37 192 5 1 2 The medians given in this table are figured according ) 2,600 to 2,699... 60 163 6 2 4 | to the method described in the statement on page 170 2,500 to 2,599... 43 95 5 1 1 See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on 2,400 to 2,499... 40 83 6 BPR | ARberney mee 223, as to what principals are included in each 2,300 to 2,399... 25 &) aa class. 2,200 to 2:209....| 37 | 51 2 ee : 2,100 to 2,199... 46 feos. asdecnen Gusakaae | 2,000 to 2,009....| 67 a .. 9 4 1,900 to 1.999....| 32 See peaeet Gene 4 1,800 to 1.899... || 19 2 TS Be Sere : (peg oe a fone wpbephen sears Table 5 indicates by states the median sal- i Below $1,600. .... 33 7 i: stress 1 || aries paid the twelve groups of teachers. The Total........ 579 | 4.145) Seo | 499 | 80 distribution of salaries paid in individual states, Median.......... $2 , 436|$3 ,519|$4, 500/$5, 100) $4,111 from which the medians of Table 5 were cal | culated, are given in the sets of salary tabula- — cagt me pe Bay total Of 579 teaching 1 tions referred to on page 226. It was not pos- in population for which data were reported. 16 receive sible to include these distributions in a Bulletin a salary ot between $3,v00 and $3,799. 3 receive a : salary of Getmeee phe $3,599, _ The median of this length. | 100,000 in tic is $2,436. Similarly read figures The median salary for kindergarten teachers The given in this table are figured according in cities of this size is $2077, according 1 to the method described in the statement on page 170. ‘ . ' ‘ See ee used oe data, ap te Table 5. The median for kindergarten tea page 221, for further information as to what princi ve ae . 3 | are included in each class. ers varies in different states from $1170 to $2601. . [172] PAID 000 IN inimum High Schoo! prin- Cipals of TABLE 8—MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting maximum indicated for ae salliiinds Amount of } | maximum } Elementary Junior | High salary | school principals high school school prin- | prin- | cipals Teach- | Super- | cipals | | ing vising 1 2 | 3 4 5 $7,000 and over... 2 3 4 6 500 to $6,999... .| | 1 1 6,000 to 6,499.../.. 1 r 5500 to 5,999...]... 1 3 7 5.400 to 5,499...|.. | 1 ? 5,300 to 5,399...].. 1 3 5,200 to 5,299...).. 1 5.100 to 5,199...| 1 5,000 to 5,099...| 2 6 10 4,900 to 4,999.. | 1 4,800 to 4,899...| 3 2 2 4.700 to 4,799... .| a 1 2 4,600 to 4,699.. 1 1 4,500 to 4,599. | 4 5 7 4,400 to 4,499... 1 2 3 4,300 to 4,399... 1 2 2 1 4,200 to 4,299...| 1 2 1 4,100 to 4,199.. 2 , 4,000 to 4,099...) 1 4 4 4 3.900 to 3,999. | 2 5 1 3,800 to 3,899...) 1 3 1 3,700 to 3,799...| 1 1 2 3,600 to 3,699...| 3 7 1 i 3500 to 3,599... 2 3 3 3400 to 3,499...| 1 3 2 3,300 to 3,399... 2 3,200 to. 3,299. 4 3,100 to 3,199... 3 1 3,000 to 3,099...) 1 8 1 2,900 to 2,999... 1 3 2,800 to 2,899... 1 1 2,700 to 2,799... 2 2 1 2,600 to 2,699...) 3 Below $2,600... . 10 2 | Total........| 30 | 70 | 49 | 58 Median ...| $2,800 | $3,657 | $4,510 | $5,060 Read table as follows: 1 city over 100,000 in popula- tion reported a maximum salary of between $4,300 and $4,399 for teaching elementary school principals, 1 city reported a maximum of between $4,000 and $4,099, etc. The median maximum paid teaching ele- mentary school principals reported by 30 cities of this -_ eee Similarly read the other columns of this table. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 223, as to what principals are included in each class, It is interesting to study the figures of Tables 1 and 5 in the light of the fact that the average annual income of all gainfully occupied persons in the United States is ap- proximately $2000." The cost and the stand- ard of living in the large cities of the country are appreciably higher than in the typical com- munity. To qualify for the positions repre- sented in Tables 1 and 5 one must undergo a period of specialized, professional training of from two to five years beyond high school graduation. The people in these positions cer- tainly should have something more than aver- age ability. In the light of these facts it is interesting to note that approximately 34 percent of the teachers listed in Table 1 are paid salaries lower than $2000, the average income of all gainfully occupied persons in the United States. TABLE 9. — MEDIAN SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1939-1931 Elementary school Junior| High | Princi- principals | high school | pals of States — —__|school) prin- part- | prin- | cipals time |Teach- Super-| cipals | schools ing | vising 1 2 3 4 | United States... . |$2,436/$3 .519'$4,500) $5,100 $4,111 Alabama 3,150 4, 300 California.... 2,789, 3,620) 4,637) 5,092 4,100 Colorado 3,470} 4,500) 5,688 | Connecticut 3,433 Delaware 2,725 Dist. of Col. 2,810) 3,200) 3,933) 4,46 Florida 1,465] 2,136) 2,650) 3,367 Georgia 2,150) 3,030) 3,700 Illinois 4.800) 5.171) 5.679 Indiana 2,.617| 3,048) 3,090) 4.300 lowa 2,775| 3,700 | Kansas ? 078) 2,808) 3,400!) 4,000 Kentucky | 1,638} 2,500! 3,013) 4,100 Louisiana 2,350) 2,682 3,075 Maryland 3,158 3,500) 5.125 | Massachusetts 2,563| 3.233) 4,833| 5.205 | 3.700 Michigan 3,559) 5,250) 6,545 4,100 Minnesota 2,800} 3,006) 3,700) 4,700 Missouri... . 2,683) 4,011; 4,900) 5,313 Nebraska Rave 2,746 | 4,550 | | | New Jersey.....| 2,450] 4,383] 4,900] 6,750 | 4,300 New York... | 5,988) 7,209!10,000 +/| 6,607 Ohio... ....| 2,050] 3,334] 4,550] 4,750 4,150 Oklahoma 2,100) 3,200 4,050) Oregon 2,446; 3,525)... 4,283 | | Pennsylvania. ..| 2,025) 3,963] 5,094] 5,673 | 4,900 Rhode Island 2,150) 2,950) 4,200) | Tennessee | 1,917) 2,330) 3,025 | Texas. ...| 2,267} 3,048) 3,700] 4,414 Utah.. a ee |} 3,243, 3,660 | Virginia....... : 1,867) 3,065) 3,900).. Washington. ...| 2,400) 2,988) 3,367) 4,600 Wisconsin | 2,750’ 3,971) 4,300! 5,143 Read table as follows: $2,436 is the median salary paid teaching elementary principals in the United States in cities with a population of over 100,000; $3,519 is the median salary paid supervising elemen- tary principals in the United States in cities of this size. Similarly read figures for the states and other groups of principals. Where no figure is given, the position was not reported by cities over 100,000 within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of employees in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of principals indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 221, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. ge 3 of: News Bulletin, No. 23, February 21, 1927, National Bureau of Economic Research, 474 W. 24th 1 See pa Street, New York City. [1 3] pice die a eee ae Principals’ salaries. Table 6 presents a dis- tribution of the salaries paid during 1930-31 to principals of elementary, junior high and senior high schools. The inquiry blank repro- duced on pages 220 to 223 gives full informa- tion as to the principals included in each class. The total number in each group and the me- dian salary are given at the foot of each column. Those not familiar with the meaning of median will find it explained on page 170. Table 7 gives the minimum salaries of prin- cipals as scheduled in cities over 100,000 in population. For example, the minimum for supervising elementary school principals, ac- cording to column 3, is $1500 or under in three cities and is between $5000 and $5499 in one city; the median minimum being $2169. Table 8 presents similar data as to maximum salaries. Two cities report maximum for super- vising elementary principals of below $2600, while two report maximum of $7,000 o the median maximum being $3657. In many cities the minimum and ma for principals vary with the size of s, In Tables 7 and 8 the minimum ta! for a city is that paid principals of the s; schools, whereas the maximum tabulated { a city is that paid principals of the schools. One minimum and one maximu each of the four groups of principals w: cluded in the tabulation for each city. Table 9 indicates by states the median aries paid principals. ‘The median salary | supervising elementary school principals cities of this size is $3519. The median fo group of principals varies in different state from $2136 to $5988. Similarly read the tional and state medians for the other classe: of principals. TABLE 10.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | Clerks in | School Clerks in adminis- School Attend- Salaries paid nurses! principals’ trative janitors? ance offices and super- | officers? | visory offices | — } 1 2 3 4 5 6 $3,200 and over... 3 3 250 183 60 3,100 to $3,199..... 2 1 5 11 ) | 3,000 to 3,099... 1 120 31 19 224 2,900 to 2,999.. 2 41 12 1 | 2,800to 2,899...... 6 28 91 60 5 2,700 to 2,799..... 2 18 20 56 5 2,600 to 2,699............ 5 33 35 55 15 | 2'500to 2'599..... : 4 23 36 87 43 | 2,400to 2,499....... 22 23 139 lil 60 | 2,3900to 2,399.............. + 518 41 122 44 OS SS eee 15 72 200 178 35 | 2,100to 2,199......... 25 76 181 230 9 | 2,000to 2,0990.......... 123 109 78 320 99 oo OSs ” eee 180 90 234 427 125 1,800 to 1,899... 90 148 178 1,270 99 B™. 1-2. Sa 149 115 155 452 83 | 1,600to 1,699......... 135 198 269 1,749 76 S,gee te §,509........... 115 554 412 1,780 63 Te eee 123 248 273 1,088 65 | 1,300to 1,399......... 86 210 357 1,165 19 1,200 to 1,299....... 73 545 331 930 21 1,100to 1,199......... | 47 285 198 344 20 1,000 to I Sate tit ik @.or 0. Bsa 3 357 317 588 8 PEON. 6.4 voce es ccccc eines 5 1,607 252 1,538 3 aR ag ayge A 1,220 5,386 4,124 | 12,775 1,319 | Miedien............ eee $1,715 $1,281 $1,581 $1,541 $2,078 blank form used in Data on tome 3 The salaries paid Table 52. Read table as follows: per of a total of 1,220 school nurses in cities over 100,000 in population for which data w reported, 3 receive a salary of $3,200 and over, 2 receive a salary of between $3,100 and $3,199, etc. The median sala: paid wd group of school employees in cities over 100,000 in population is $1. 715. Similarly read figures for other colum be mediens given in this table are figured according to the meth collecting data, reproduced on page 220. 1 The salaries paid head nurses and their executive assistants are not included in the distributions given in column Data as to ee being paid head nurses and their executive assistants are given on pace. 205, Table 52. salaries paid he head janitors and their executive assistants are not included in t id head janitors and their executive assistants are given on page 205, Table 52. ef attendance officers and their executive assistants are not included in the distributions giver in column 6, Data as to salaries being paid chief attendance officers and their executive assistants are given on page 25 od described in the statement on page 170. S e distributions given in column 5 [174] CITIES nd- ce ers? wn 1 pea Se heidi Pte OO thoi. 10 orou Salaries of certain other employees. ‘Table Che gainfully occupied persons in the United presents distributions of salaries paid five States receive an average annual income of ips of school employees. At the foot of approximately $2000. Only one of the groups each column is given the number in each group of Table 10, the attendance officers, enjoys nd the median salary. a median salary which reaches this national Sal nurses. $3201 The median salaries for other groups follow: 44°97 SDdi/ . tries were reported for a total of 1,220 average. It does not appear that the em Their salaries range from between Ployees listed in Table 10 are overpaid when and over, to below $1000. The median their incomes are compared with those enjoyed 15. by workers in general. The opposite is prob- ably the case. For example, to qualify as a school nurse ‘erks i rincipals’ office vew Slee : , Clerks in principals offices. — one must complete a period of general school- Clerks in administrative offices. . 1581 ; : ae . ing considerably above the average and must a Serer 1541 \ ' Attendance officers.......... 2078 undergo an extended period of professional TABLE 11.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN CITIES OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 United States e- $1,715 $1,281 $1. 581 $1,541 $2,078 Alabama.. Below 1,000 1.3200 1.013 California. 1,935 1,208 1,566 1,812 >. 140 Colorado 2,017 Below 1,000 1,483 1,230 1,86 Connecticut 1,025 1,640 1,700 Delaware. . 1,550 Below 1,000 1,083 1,077 1, 52 District of Columbia 1,534 1.557 1,300 1,975 Florida Below 1,000 1,825 Below 1,000 Georgia Below 1,000 1,514 Below 1,000 Illinois 1,548 2,200 1,578 1,925 Indiana 1,550 1,030 1.450 1, 306 1.800 lowa 1,736 1,025 1.520 1,490 Kansas 1,736 1,03 1.250 Kentucky 1,261 Below 1,000 1,01 Below 1,000 1,650 Louisiana 1,508 1,070 1.450 Below 1,000 1,238 Maryland 1,066 1,091 1,425 Massachusetts 1,774 1,452 1,610 1.632 » 386 Michigan 1,833 1,146 1.50 6 150 Minnesota 1,622 Below 1,000 1,213 1,547 1,550 Missouri 1,497 1,200 1.52 1,453 2,031 Nebraska ‘ 1,622 1,200 1,242 72 New Jersey 2,011 1,831 1.621 1.867 ? 360 New York 1.822 >, 312 1. 96) 1,862 3,029 Ohio 1,817 1,201 1,497 570 028 Oklahoma ) 433 1,006 1.375 1,295 », 375 Oregon 1,428 Below 1,000 1.417 Pennsylvania 1,658 1,132 1,424 1,472 1,822 Rhode Island 1.438 Below 1,000 1,331 1,264 1,750 Tennessee 1.825 1,067 1,325 I , 000 1.350 ere 1,325 Below 1,000 1 013 1,350 Utah 1,067 1,550 1,479 Virginia 1,550 1,008 1,350 1,496 Washington 1,650 Below 1,000 1.300 1,544 », 200 Wisconsin. . . Below 1.000 1.510 3.400 2,400 Clerks in School Clerks in adminis- School Attend- States nurses! principals’ trative janitors? ance offices and super- officers? visory offices 1 2 3 4 of over 100,000; $1,281 is the median salary paid clerks in principals’ offices. Similarly read figures for the states and other employees. Where no figure is given the position was not reported by cities over 100,000 within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of employees in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of employees indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 220. medians given in column 2 are figured. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses and their executive assistants are given on page 205, Table 52. medians given in column 5 are figured. Data as to salaries being paid head janitors and their executive assistants are given on page 205, Table 52. from which the medians given in column 6 are figured. Data as to salaries being paid chief attendance officers and their executive assistants are given on page 205, Table 52. Read table as follows: $1,715 is the median salary paid school nurses in the United States in cities with a population The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based 1 The salaries paid head nurses and their executive assistants were not included in the distribution from which the ? The salaries paid head janitors and their executive assistants were not included in the distribution from which the * The salaries paid chief attendance officers and their executive assistants were not included in the distributions [175] training. The type of service required of school nurses calls for alert, professionally minded people of at least average capacity. The median salary paid this group, however, even in the largest cities, is but 86 percent of the average income of gainfully occupied per- sons in the United States. It is interesting similarly to study the sal- aries paid the other groups given in Table 10. Salaries in Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in Population Teachers’ salaries. Table 12 presents com- plete distributions of the salaries paid during 1930-31 to twelve classes of teachers in cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in population. The notes at the foot of the table and the inquiry information as to the classes of teachers jp cluded in each column. The total number {p, each group and the median salary is given » the foot of each column. Those not familia; with the meaning of the word median wil! fing it explained on page 170. Table 13 gives the minimum salaries of {oy; groups of teachers as scheduled in cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in population. For ex. ample, the minimum for elementary schoo! teachers, according to column 3, is below $90) in twelve cities and is $1900 or more in one city; the median minimum being $1084 Table 14 presents similar data as to maxi mum salaries. One city reports a maximum salary for elementary teachers of below $120). while two report a maximum of between $3600 and $3799; the median maximum being blank, reproduced on pages 220 to 223, give $1996. TABLE 12.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN 204 CITIES 30,900 TO 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elementary Junior high school High school : school | Teach Kinder- Atypical | ers of garten class | part Salaries paid teach- Ass’t or| teach- Ass’t or Depart-|Ass’t or | time ers | Teach-| vice- ers | Teach-| vice- | Deans | Teach-| ment | vice- | Deans | schools ers princi- ers princi- ers heads | princi- | pals pals | pals | 1 & 112 4 5 6 7 8 9 (an i o | 12 1 ws $4,000 and over....|..... | ry ae 3 ry oe Pom 42; 16 2 | ; 3,800 to $3,999. .../...... | ore 5 i 85 37 6 1 | 3,600to 3,799... 6 2 23 4 | 471 30 9 3 | : | 3,400to 3,599... 1 ) Re 30 9 4 158 17 9 4 | | 3,200 to 3,399... i 54 14 6 98 9 2/ 210 46 14 | 5 | 3,100to 3,199....)....... 13 | 8 3 36 ae 108 14 7 i i® | 3,000 to 3,099... 1S | 162 | 1 | 10 105 > DOF 190 49 16 5 2,900 to 2,999... 5 | 46°| 8 | 7 95 2 & 151 36 4 3 | = 2,800 to 2,899... 7/ 161 | 1 15 147 2 1 302 39 13 3 . | 2,700to 2,799... 4 157 8 5 271 7 2 533 | 32 il 5 4 | 2,600to 2,699... 34 383 2 9 151 5 3 352 56 7 3 18 2,500to 2,599... 21 350 6 29 266 6 2 617 76 2 13 9 2,400 to 2,499... 22 540 3 19 319 6 4 633 72 5 4 3 2,300to 2,399... 32 $91 5 45 394 4 3 490 79 5 6 30 2,200 to 2,299... 33 | 1,014 2 63 484 3 1 793 49 6 10 38 y 2,100 to 2,199... 69 775 4 59 554 5 5 831 48 3 5 | 3 i 2,000 to 2,099... 67 | 1,148 | 2 89 733 10 2 | 1,022 42 1 7 | 32 Hl 1,900 to 1,999... 133 | 2,334 | 2 109 938 i 2 863 29 3 6 3¢ q 1,800to 1,899... 125 | 3,173 | 4 135 | 1,316 |..... 3 979 | 22 2 38 4 1,700 to 1,799.. 118 | 2,518 1 97 914 1 3 682 8 1 2? 1,600 to 1,699... 185 | 2,885 8 105 953 1 1 595 6 | 1 19 : 1,500 to 1,599.. 174 | 3,196 5 113 _ te ee 467 3 | 1,400 to 1,499. 155 | 2.707 2 Sst Ed, ,..07...... 355 2 | 1,300 to 1,399.. 151 | 2,963 1 41 482 serene 220 5 ; 1,200 to 1,299.. 151 | 2,815 |...... 29 DT 6 turns wird 144 | ¢ 1,100 to 1,199.. 76 | 1,744 ]...... 10 8 emai te ete 88 | 1,000 to 1,099. 74 | 1,359 |....... "9 ee? eeeper eer 28 | | Below $1,000...... $6 | 1,014 |....... 7 SS Seas ee 27 | tabs Bc WBS o's | —— — - } ' Total..._..... 1,708 |32,103 103 | 1,075 |10,351 92 38 |11,129 834 137 | 90 | 428 ¥} Median. .......... .609 |$1,609 .756 |$1,850 , 860 , 743 ,367 ,111 |$2,575 je? 053 2,23 1$2 , 166 : Read table as follows: Out of a total of 1,708 kindergarten teachers in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population for whic! data were reported, 1 receives a salary of between $3,200 and $3,399, 15 receive a salary of between $3,000 and $3,099, et: i} Jae median calaty paid this group of teachers in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in populaticn is $1,609. Similarly read figures } The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on pages 220 and 221 for further information as to what teachers are I included in each class. i [176] —— | chers jn Liven at familiar will fing ; of Tour ies from For ex- ’ school iw $900 In ne + 9 maxi iximum $1200, CHART II — = MEDIAN SALARIES PAID SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN CITIES -1930-31 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 POPULATION 904 CITIES 30,000 to 100,000 POPULATION 449 CITIES 10,000 to 30,000 POPULATION Abdi CITIES 5,000 to 10,000 POPULATION 440 CITIES 2500 to 5000 POPULATION > : Kesearch Duxsion Natoonal Education Assoct2tior CHART III — MEDIAN SALARIES PAID JUNIOR HIGH SCHGDL TEACHERS IN CITIES 1930-31 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 POPULATION 204 CITIES 30,000 to 100,000 POPULATION 449 CITIES 10.000 to 30,000 POPULATION 45] CITIES 5,000 to 10,000 POPULATION 440 CITIES 2500 to 5000 POPULATION Research Diinsion National. €dueation. Association estes : See ae: : ee ee ee et an a Rn yn ee ep SE atte Table 15 presents by states the median sal- aries paid the twelve groups of teachers. The complete distributions of salaries paid the vari- ous classes of teachers in each city from which the medians of Table 15 were calculated are given in the sets of salary tabulations referred to on page 226. It was not possible to include these distributions in a bulletin of this length. The median salary for kindergarten teachers in cities of this size is $1609 according to Table 15. The median for kindergarten teach- ers varies in different states from $1043 to $1981. Similarly read the national and state medians for other groups of teachers. The figures of Table 12 show that the large majority of teachers in cities 30,000 to 100,- 000 in population is receiving an annual in- come below the average received by gainfully occupied persons in the nation. Of the 58,088 teachers represented in Tables 12 and 15, 69 percent are receiving yearly salaries of less than $2000, the average income of gainfully occu- pied persons in the United States. In Table 12, teachers in high schools is the only teacher group, a majority of which receives an income TABLE 13.—MINIMUM SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 30,000TO 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting minimum indicated for Amount of minimum d ealary Kinder- | Elemen- oy High | garten tary school — teachers|teachers tefichers teachers | 1 2 3 4 5 $1,900 and over. ..|........ 1 2 3 | 1,800 to 1,899.. BS Weevecse 1 11 1,700 to 1,799.. 2 2 2 3 1,400 to 1,699 ../........ 1 5 & 1,500 to 1,599.. 2 3 2 15 } 1,400 to 1,499... 6 7 18 30 | 1,300 to 1,399... 3 5 13 oo 1,200 to 1,299.. 29 34 32 32 | 1,100 to 1,199.. 19 25 10 10 | 1,000 to 1,099.. 26 61 30 18 | 900 to 999... 14 25 12 ll | Below $900. ..... 3 12 1 1 | Total........| 105 176 128 166 | Median...) $1,150 | $1,084 | $1,234 | $1,344 ' Read table as follows: 1 city 30,000 to 100,000 in pulation reported a minimum salary of between $1. 800 and 51.899 899 for kindergarten teachers, 2 cities reported a minimum of between $1,700 and i -. The ae for kindergarten teachers report cities of ey vet HS ,150. Similarly read the “other columns of this t mere venin =e table are figured according to the method in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 223, for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. TABLE 14.— MAXIMUM SALARIES pajp TEACHERS IN CITIES 30,000 TO 100 ooo IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting maxim, indicated for Amount of maximum } Junior Kinder- | . ew high Hig! garten school | scho teachers teachers » 800 2,210 North Carolina a 1,343 1,630 | 1,569 1,640 | 2,459 Ct 1,650 1,603 1,771 1,868 3.300 » 362 > 459 > 700 3 000 > OOO Oklahoma 1,253 1,550 1,658 », 500 Pennsylvania. . 1 1,613 | 1,719 1,878 | 1,876 | 2,450 2,224 ».500 | 3,050 1,986 Rhode Island } 1,615 | 1,615 1,750 | 1,722 ?.013 288 South Carolina : 1,253 1,500 1711 | 2,033 South Dakota | 1,530 | 1,523 1,389 033 Texas.... 1,383 1,242 1,583 | 1,458 1,665 | 2,200 Utah 1,342 1,709 1,888 Virginia... 1,358 1,525 | 1,491 1,808 | 1,950 Washington } : 1,541 1,750 | 1,734 1,923 | 2,070 West Virginia ..| 1,279 | 1,493 |.. 1,583 | 1,714 1,960 | 2,300 Wisconsin. . .. veel 1,521 1,681 1,875 1,883 2,114 2,442 143 Read table as follows: $1,609 is the median salary paid kindergarten teachers in the United States in cities with a population of 30,000 to 100,000; $1,609 is the median salary paid elementary teachers in the United States in cities of this size. Similarly read figures for states and other groups of teachers. Where no figure is given the position was not re- ported by cities 30,000 to 100,000 within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of employees in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. he medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of teachers indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on pages 220 and 221 for further information as to what teachers are included in each class [ 179 ] a a ne —~ Gi In many cities the minimum and maximum for principals vary with the size of school. In Tables 17 and 18 the minimum tabulated for a city is that paid principals of the smaller schools, whereas the maximum tabulated for a city is that paid principals of the largest schools. One minimum and one maximum for each of the four groups of principals were in- cluded in the tabulations for each city. Table 19 indicates, by states, the median salaries paid principals. ‘The median salary for supervising elementary school principals in cities of this size is $2646. The median for this group of principals varies in different TABLE 16.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN 204 CITIES 30,000 TO 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elementary school Junior | High | Princi- principals high |school| pals of Salaries paid hool| prin- | part- prin- | cipals| time Teach-|Super-| cipals schools . ing | vising 1 2 3 4 5 6 $6,000 and over....|......}...... 1 eee 5,500 to $5,999... .)...... 11 10 Wickens off 5,000 to 5,.499..../...... 17 2 31 2 4,800 to 4,999... 2 Piicase x, . 4,600 to 4,799....)...... 1 12 20 2 4,400 to 4,599... |...... 13 9 27 2 4,200 to 4,399... 1 18 12 27 1 4,000 to 4,199... 2 37 25 Misi adanne 3,800 to 3,999... 8 30 23 ae 3,600 to 3,799... 1 39 33 25 2 3,400 to 3,599... 1 65 41 il 4 3,200 to 3,399... 4 95 51 13 3 3,100 to 3,199... 4 37 12 1 2 3,000 to 3,099... 23 122 26 5 2 2,900 to 2,999... il 64 > 1 2,800 to 2,899... 9 53 17 4 1 2,700 to 2,799... 17 59 15 2 6 2,600 to 2,699... 7 70 9 1 1 2,500 to 2,599... 24 129 22 4 4 2,400 to 2,499... 38 82 8 1 1 2,300 to 2,399... 46 94 4 1 1 2,200 to 2,299... 79 98 ER Ae 2,100 to 2,199... 70 69 SY, Se S 2,000 td 2,099... 87 70 4 Ree 1,900 ta 1,999... 86 1,800 to 1,899.. 121 40 i 1,700 to 1,799... 63 ee 1,600 to 1,699... 67 sessed 1,500 to 1,599... 30 7 1 1,400 to 1,499... 23 Ae 1,300 to 1,399... 15 a 1,200 to 1,299... 7 1 ES, Below $1,200..... MANES Seg ee 3 Total a 848/ 1,417) 360) 246 38 | Median.......... 1$2,011'$2,646'$3 353 '$4, 281'$3 050 Read table as follows: Out of a total of 848 teaching elementary school principals in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population for which data were reported, 2 receive a salary of between $4,800 and $4,999,1 receives a salary of between $4,200 and $4,399, etc. The median this group of principals in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population is $2,011. Similarly read figures for cat eens of princi The —_— in this table are figured according to the method bed in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 221, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. TABLE 17.—MINIMUM_ SALARIES pay PRINCIPALS IN CITIES 30,000 TO 100 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting minin indicated for | Amount of minimum Elementary Junior salary schoo! principals high | Hig |__| School | sch | prin- | prit Teach- | Super- | cipals cipa ing vising | } = 1 2 7 4 4 $4,200 and over. . a Ee: 4,000 to $4,199... Ds area 1 3,800 to 3,999.. “ | Por } 3,600 to 3,799...) a uM 3,400 to 3,599... | 3 3 3,200 to 3,399... | 2 SB es eer 1 3,000 to 3,099... 2 15 Ss es ee : 2,800 to 2,899... | 2 2,700 to 2,799... Pace wale 2 2,600 to 2,699.. 2 | 2 1 2,500 to 2,599. ee 2 2,400 to 2,499.. 1 3 1 2,300 to 2,399.../....... 1 2 2,200 to 2.299. . ite o 2 2,100 to 2,199.. 1 2 2 2,000 to 2,099. . 5 7 1 1,900 to 1,999.. 3 7 1,800 to 1,899.. 3 | 3 1 1,700 to 1,799.. 2 + 1 1,600 to 1,699. . ee 1 1,500 to 1,599... 4-4 1,400 to 1,499.. 4 | 6 1 1,300 to 1,399... ) a 1,200 to 1,299. . a: . 3 Below $1,200.... 4 | ei 1 Total........| 35 | o7 | 40 41 a | ee | mr = Median......... $1,725 $2,007 | $3,013 | $3,580 Read table as follows: 2 cities 30,000 to 100,000 pulation reported a minimum salary of betwe $2's00 and $2,699 for teaching elementary sch: incipals, 1 city reported a minimum of betwe: 2,400 and $2,499, etc. The median minimum pa teaching elementary school principals reported by 3 cities of this size is $1,725. Similarly read the other columns of this table. medians given in this table, are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170 blank form used in collecting data, reproduced page 223, as to what principals are included in ea class. states from $1475 to $4150. Similarly re the national and state medians for other classes of principals. Salaries of certain other school employ: Table 20 presents distributions of the salaries paid five groups of school employees. At the foot of each column is given the number in each group and the median salary. Salaries were reported for a total of 5%! nurses. Their salaries range from less thin $1000 to $3000 and over; the median for t!e group being $1651. The median salaries for the other groups follow : [ 180} rn 580 read ISSes 18.—MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID ABLE ' PRINCIPALS IN CITIES 30,000 TO 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 ! Number of cities reporting maximum } indicated for Amount of maximum Elementary | Junior salary school principals high High —————————= school | | prin- prin- Teach- | Super- cipals | cipals | ing | vising 1 | 2 3 H 5 $6,000 and over...|.. ‘ 1 7 5,500 to $5,999. ..| 1 2 2 5.000 to 5,499. ‘ 3 2 11 1,800 to 4,999. 1 2 $600 to 4,799... 1 | 1 2 4400 to 4,599 2 4 7 1,200 to 4,399. 1 6 £000 to 4,199 9 il 13 3,800 to 3,999 3 1 3600 to 3,799 5 2 3400 to 3,599 j 1 1 3 1 3200 to 3,399 9 2 1 3,100 to 3,199... 1 1 3,000 to 3,099. 3 . 4 1900 to 2,999... 2 3 2,800 to 2,899... 4 7 »700 to 2,799 2 1 2,600 to 2,699. 1 1 > 500 to 2,599. 5 4 2,400 to 2,499. 2 3 2,300 to 2,399. 1 200 to 2,299 4 3 3 2,100 to 2,199. . 2,000 to 2,099. 2 1 } 1 Below $2,000... 3 4 1 ; 34 | 70 42 | 3S Median | $2,600 | $3,200 | $4,036 | $4,529 Read table as follows: 1 city 30,000 to 100,000 in population reported a maximum salary of between $4,600 and $4,799 for teaching elementary school principals, 1 city reported a maximum of between $3,400 and $3,599, etc. The median maximum paid teaching elementary school principals reported by 34 cities of this size is $2,600. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 223, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. Clerks in principals’ offices........ $1046 Clerks in administrative offices.....° 1268 eer eee 1444 Attendance officers ............... 1736 Gainfully occupied persons in the United States enjoy an average income of approxi- mately $2000. None of the groups of Table 20 enjoy a median salary which approaches this national average. It does not appear that any of the employees listed in Table 20 are overpaid when their incomes are compared with those enjoyed by the nation as a whole. The opposite is probably the case. Progressive school systems are more and more recognizing the importance of requiring careful training for such groups as school nurses and attendance officers. ‘Table 20 in- dicates, however, that in cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in population, the median salary paid school nurses is but 83 percent and the median salary paid attendance officers is but 87 per- cent of the average income of gainfully occu- pied people in the United States. ‘Those em- ployed as school janitors should have training TABLE 19.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN CITIES 30,000 TO 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 l Elementary school \Junior | High | Princi- | principals | high jschool) pals of States t_—_————__s (S6ROGl| STil- part- | prin- | cipals time Teach-|Super-| cipals schools | ing | vising | | | f [oe F @ } 5 6 United States... . . |$2,011/$2 ,646/$3 , 353|$4, 281 $3 ,050 Alabama | 1,656] 1,850} Arizona 1,863; 2,545 Arkansas 2,675 California } 2,625) 3,067} 3,850) 4,500 Colorado 2.525] 3,433 Connecticut ...} 2,100} 3,407); 3,900) 5,083 Florida 1,475 Georgia 1,725) 2,150 3, 300 Illinois 042] 2.483) 2.571) 4,700 Indiana 2,010} 2,383) 2,850) 4,167 owa 1,906} 2,438) 3,050] 4,400 Kansas 2,311 ?, 700 Kentucky 1,967 Louisiana | 1,800} Maine | 2,650 | Maryland 1,800 » 950 | Massachusetts 1,886) 2,525) 3,319) 4,175) 2,850 Michigan 2,246) 2.470) 3,750) 4.500 Mississippi | 1,450) 1,550 Missouri | 1,663!) 2,225) 2,550) 3,733 Montana Aes | 2,550 Nebraska } 2,217) 2,560 New Hampshire.. . | 2,400 New Jersey P 3,888) 4,150) 5,700) 5,750 } | | New York | 3,207| 4,267! 5,000, 3,600 North Carolina 1,675) 2,500) 3,800) 4,050 Ohio 2,029) 2,763) 3,130) 4,250 Oklahoma ; | 2,367 } Pennsylvania | 2,268) 2,925) 3,550) 4,425 Rhode Island 1,964| 1,964) | South Carolina | 3,175 South Dakota | 2,050} | } Texas 1,825) 2,246) 2,950) 3,800 Utah 2,575 | Virginia. . | 2, 167| 3,025) | = a | | Washington 2,150} 2,300 | West Virginia | 2,600) 3,450) 3,700 Wisconsin : 2,400; 2,983) 3,380) 4,400 Read table as follows: $2,011 is the median salary paid teaching elementary principals in the United | States in cities with a population of 30,000 to 100,000; $2,646 is the median salary paid supervising elemen- tary principals in the United States in cities of this size. Similarly read figures for the states and other groups of principals. Where no figure is given the position was not reported by cities 30,000 to 100,000 within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of employees in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170 are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid | the various classes of principals indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 221. for further information as to what principals are in- cluded in each class. [ 181] a ee >> OP ee a ee eae e+ ee ae - ee ae ee a mn nee er « a — and ability at least up to the average of the population in general. ‘The median salary of janitors in cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in population, however, is but 72 percent of the average income of gainfully occupied persons. Table 16 lists a total of 2061 school prin- cipals of the following types: supervising ele- mentary, junior high, senior high and part-time schools. Table 20 lists but 1126 clerk in prin- cipals’ offices. ‘This indicates that only a little more than half of the principals have full time clerical assistants. Evidently many cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in population are making the mistake of placing a professionally trained officer in charge of their schools and then pro- viding him with such inadequate clerical as- sistance that a large part of his time must nec- essarily be taken up with clerical duties of a nature which could be performed as effectively by a person paid a much lower salary. § policy will delay the proper developme: this important position.! Interpretation of Charts. The charts sented in this Bulletin compare median aries paid in cities of five different populatioy groups. For example, in Chart IV given on posite page, the median salary paid sup: ing elementary school principals in 88 « over 100,000 in population is $3519; in 204 cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population ir js $2646 ; in 449 cities 10,000 to 30,000 in p lation, $2349 ; in 451 cities 5,000 to 10,000 i: population, $2239; and in 440 cities 2500 : 5000 in population, $2175. Similar data for other groups of school em. ployees are presented graphically as follows: 1 See Seventh Yearbook of the Department of Elementary School Principals of the National Education Associa page 255. TABLE 20.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN 204 CITIES 30,000 to 100,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 ; Clerks in | School Clerks in adminis- | School | Attend- Salaries paid nurses! principals’ trative janitors? | ance offices and super- | officers visory offices | 1 2 3 4 | 5 6 Sn Bis SF Me bles 6 31 2 SS ere Ri NPE Pe rm 1 FO Gere 2 1 | 3 2 2 Ss euppppeperanesens ‘| 1 1 1 eS are ee 6 1 , 17 5 SS Seer a 4 3 11 32 6 NS See eee 9 3 6 30 4 I ak nile absvencecens 5 1 1 27 3 5S < SRR REED 9 7 3 83 ee SS eee | 18 4 | 12 92 6 eS < eee 34 7 12 104 1 fe OS) eee 43 17 15 202 2 fener ree 72 24 40 403 16 SS 2S ea 45 19 | 14 319 ce SY eee rres 85 47 42 606 ee eee ere 103 66 66 704 1 Ree ML. Cas cc kek cGresccces | 44 55 41 416 ( Rg MoM. cccccntnssscceces | 37 79 70 500 8 1,200 to 1,299... 22 102 79 622 9 1,100 to 1, 15 57 51 209 4 1,000 to 1. 22 127 78 269 } Below $1,000............... 4 505 186 1,104 i eg ER a dee ae 581 1,126 | 737 5.774 | 143 a eens fe. | EE — - ouenesee § a a el RR EL ORe Ripa Eo $1,651 $1,046 | $1,268 $1,444 $1,736 Read table as follows: Out of a total of 581 school nurses in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population for which dat were reported, 2 receive a salary of $3,000 and over, 2 receive a salary between $2,800 and $2,899, etc. The median salary paid this group of emplo: in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population is $1,651. Similarly read figures for other columns The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See oy form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 220, for further information as to what employees are included n 1 The salaries paid head nurses are not included in the distributions given in column 2. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses are given in table 54 on page 209. : ; : : salaries paid head janitors are not included in the distributions given in column 5. Data as to salaries being paid head janitors are given in table 54 on e 209. er f : 3 The paid chief attendance officers are not included in the distributions given in column 6, Data as salaries being paid chief attendance officers are given in table 54 on page 209. [ 182 ] CI TIES Page Page ( t J—-Median Salaries Paid Elementary Chart VI—Median Salaries Paid Senior High School Teachers 167 School Principals 201 Chart II—Median Salaries Paid Junior High Chart Vil—Median Salaries Paid City Su School Teachers 177 perintendents of Schools 204 Chart I11[—Median Salaries Paid Senior High ;, : Charts similar to those presented may be School Teachers ...... ee ey veistiiiien Cetadlan Soke 9 assembled for individual states from the vari- Chart — justify the figuring of a state median. according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based up a c — em: aed. See a form used in collecting oo, Geeeeens , for orma as to what employees are in each class. ' cuinaias gull hand queue warp net bnctaded tn the Giateitmtions tenes which the medians given in column 2 were figured. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses are given in the table on page 209. 2 The salaries paid head janitors were not included in the dletributions fices which the medians given in column 5 were . Data as to salaries being paid head janitors are an Se ee Sales om Sage 389. : salaries paid chief atteadance officers were not incl in the distributions from which the medians ( given in [ 184 ] TA se + 1¢ an OT the Cities | rT c} > 1599 be na ) TO —— mum salaries. Three cities report maximum sal- aries for elementary teachers of below $1000 while two report a maximum of between $3400 and $3599; the median maximum being $1729. [able 25 indicates, by states, the median salaries of the four groups of teachers. ‘The distributions of salaries in individual states, from which the medians of Table 25 were cal- culated, are given in the sets of salary tabula- tions referred to on page 226. It was not pos- sible to include these distributions in a bulle- tin of this length. The median salary paid elementary teachers in cities of this size is $1428, according to the table. The median for elementary teachers TABLE 22.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN 449 CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | Etemen-| Junior High | Teach- igh | tary | school ers in Salaries Paid teach- | school teach- (part-time ers' | teach- | ers? schools ers? | 1 | 2 3 | 4 5 $3,100 and over. . .| 9 > | 2 2 3,000 to $3,099. . .| 3 17 134 2,900 to 2,999... | 10 85 ‘ 2,800 to 2,899. 7 20 168 1 2,700 to 2,799. | 21 35 259 2,600 to 2,699. ..| 33 52 245 4 2,500 to 2,599. ..| 67 78 417 | 4 2,400 to 2,499. . .| 105 150 519 9 2,300 to 2,399. | 153 | 108 434 15 2,200 to 2,299, 247 161 582 12 2,100 to 2,199. ..| 397 180 655 12 2,000 to 2,099. ..| 709 291 977 13 1,900 to 1,999. 903 329 893 14 1,800 to 1,899 1,190 494 1,243 21 1,700 to 1,799. 1,837 584 1,032 20 1,600 to 1,699. 2,317 737 1,095 8g 1500 to 1,599. 2,680 699 1,026 10 1,400 to 1,499. . 3,681 692 701 13 1,300to 1,399...| 3,015 586 554 3 1,200 to 1,299...| 2,933 437 315 3 1,100 to 1,199. 2,421 304 89 3 1,000 to 1,099. | 1,899 144 70 5 900 to 999. 1,330 87 25 1 800to 899...| |429 24 13 1 700to =—799....| 210 4 ? 600 to 699. _ || 44 1 5 2 Below $600..... .| 29 9 11 Total..... 26,669 | 6,231 /|11,763 187 Median... .. ; $1,428 | $1,619 | $1,876 | $1,864 ‘ Read table as follows: Out of a total of 26,669 elementary teachers in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in popu- lation for which data were reported, 9 receive salaries of $3,100 or over, 3 receive salaries between $3,000 and | $3,099, etc. The median salary paid this group of | teachers in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population is $1,428. Similarly read figures for other columns. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224, for further information as to what teachers | are included in each class. ! See footnote 1, given at the bottom of Table 25, page 186. * See footnote 2, given at the bottom of Table 25, | page 186. | *See footnote 3, given at the bottom of Table 25, page 186. TABLE 23.—MINIMUM' SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting mini- mum indicated for Amount of minimum - “ salary | | Elemen- (Junior high High | tary | school school teachers teachers teachers I 2 j 4 $1,800 and over 2 16 1,700 to $1,799 ? 5 1,600 to 1,699 8 1,500 to 1,599 4 5 19 1400 to 1,499 8 11 47 1,300 to 1,399 15 ry 65 1,200 to 1,299 59 45 9 1,100 to 1,199 57 38 »7 1,000 to 1,099 118 39 27 900 to 999 60 18 18 800 to 899 24 6 5 700 to 799 13 4 4 Below $700 3 Total 361 196 330 Median $1,068 $1, 187 $1, 294 Read table as follows: 4 cities 10,000 ¢ 30,000 population reported a minimum salary of between $1,500 and $1,599 for elementary teachers, 8 cities re ported a minimum of between $1,400 and $1,499, et The median minimum paid elementary teachers re ported by 361 cities of this size is $1,068. Similarly read the other columns of this table. TABLE 24.—MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 L | Number of cities reporting maxi- mum indicated for Amount of maximum |____ | salary | Junior | Elemen- | high High | tary school school teachers teachers teachers I 2 ; 4 $3,600 and over i 3 3,400 to $3,599 2 1 7 3,200 to 3,399 2 ) 6 3,100 to 3,199 ? 3,000 to 3,099 4 4 11 2,900 to 2,999.... 1 1 3 2,800 to 2,899 4 5 13 2,700 to 2,799 2 4 iS 2,600 to 2,699 6 7 14 2,500 to 2,599 7 s 30 2,400 to 2,499 13 12 26 2,300 to 2,399 11 9 19 2,200 to 2,299 10 14 32 2,100 to 2,199 7 10 24 2,000 to 2,099 20 20 31 1,900 to 1,999 , 24 12 22 1,800 to 1,899 43 22 28 1,700 to 1,799 31 16 11 1,600 to 1,699 36 i1 11 1,500 to 1,599 42 15 6 1,400 to 1,499 32 & 5 1,300 to 1,399 | 22 5 4 1,200 to 1,299 17 3 4 | 1,100to 1,199 9 3 1,000 to 1,099 7 1 Below $1,000 3 Total 356 193 328 Median $1,729 $2 ,008 $2,253 Read Table 24 the same as Table 23. ; { iy a er varies in different states from $838 to $1801. Similarly read the national and state medians for the other classes of teachers. It is interesting to study the figures of Tables 22 and 25 in the light of the fact that the average annual income of the gainfully employed persons in the United States is about $2000. The cost and standard of living in cities of 10,000 to 30,000 in population are probably at least as high as in the typical community. To qualify for a teaching position in a city of this size generally requires high school gradua- tion followed by a period of professional train- ing of from one to five years. Certainly teachers should have at least average native ability. In the light of these facts it is interestin. +, note that none of the teaching groups repre. sented in Table 22 enjoy a salary equal to the average income now received by gainfully occy- pied persons. The median salary of high sc!yo teachers, in cities of 10,000 to 30,000 in pony lation, is but 93 percent of the average income of the nation’s gainfully employed. Principals’ salaries. Table 26 presents a dis. tribution of the salaries paid during 193\)-3| to principals of elementary, junior high and senior high schools in cities from 10,000 to 30). 000 in population. The inquiry blank repro- duced on pages 224 and 225 gives full informa tion as to the principals included in each group. The total number in each group and the median salary are given at the foot of each TABLE 25—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID ie yo IN CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION 1930-1931 Ss Elemen- Junior High /|Teachers| Elemen- | Junior High |Teachers | States tery high school | in part- States tary high school | in part teach- school teach- time teach- | school teach- | time ers! teachers’ ers* schools ers! | teachers? ers’ schools 1 2 3 an. 5 6 7 8 | 9 10 United States...| $1,428 $1,619 | $1,876 | $1,864 | Nevada........ 1,538 | 1,729 | 1,869 ———————-—- |---| - ——__-!——__|-—__ -—] New Hampshire. 1,230 | 1,544 | 1,742 | Alabama....... 953 1,071 1,486 New Jersey..... 1,801 {| 2,150 | 2,365 | 1,150 Arkansas....... 993 1,117 1,358 ; .| New Mexico. ... 1,433 | 1,558 | 1,779 California. .... 1,732 1,985 2,452 | 2,333 || New York...... 1,742 1,882 2,070 | 2,238 Colorado. .... | 1,530 1,674 1,861 |......../ North Carolina. Cee ts ivadens: « | 1/204 Connecticut 1,613 1,690 2,119 | North Dakota... 1,446 1,589 | 1,858 | Florida. .. 882 1, 206 1,354 Se 1,310 1,525 | 1,826] 1,950 Georgia... ... 914 975 | 1,325 |........ Oklahoma... .. 1,109 | 1,324 | 1,606 | 1.550 Idaho. ..... Cf ee BuORe fo ....6.ca0 ares 1,238 1,367 | 1,540 =e 1,310 1,470 | 1,747 Pennsylvania... . 1,450 1,634 | 1,838 1,71 Indiana | 1,386 1,642 | 1.893 Rhode Island...| 1,437 1/515 | 1.928 | 1.650 eee 1,429 1,672 | 1,400 | South Carolina. . 1,249 | 1,318 1,440 | Kansas.........| 1,291 1,570 2g eee South Dakota.../ 1, 301 1,584 | 1,781 | Kentucky... ... 1,037 1,207. 1,443 |.. Tennessee. ..... 1,013 1,236 | 1,479 | |” epininge BES - -S Baeeanes. 1,600 |... 22... ia nscees 1,041 | 1,268 | 1,520 | Maryland....... Sd SSeaereey | 1,586 |: REE: 838 1,350 | 1,567 | ! | Massachusetts...| 1,525 1,664 | 1,874 | 1,863 | Vermont......../ 1,300 | 1,475 1,689 | Michigan.......| 1,453 1/803 | 2,000 |.. Virginia... 1:174 | 1.524 | 1/542 | Minnesota...... 1,496 1,770 1,881 |.. Washington 1,411 1,600 1,794 | Miesissinpi......| 1.201 |....:..... 1.450 |.. West Virginia...| 1.158 1.375 | 1.858 | Missouri........ | 1,180 1,276 1,629 |.. Wisconsin... ... 1,362 1,637 | 1,899 | 1,889 Montana.......| 1,650 Bia eS. 2 eee Wyoming....... 1,707 1,719 | 2,071 Nebraska....... 1,333 SaGee = Bee Pi wd. ch | | | the figuring of a state median. cided upon, since the number — primarily junior high school teachers. Read table as follows: $1,428 is the median salary paid elementary teachers in cities with a population of 10,000 to | 30,000; $1,619 is the median salary paid junior high school teachers in the United States in cities of this size, Similarly | read figures for states and other groups of teachers. Where no figure is given the position was not reported by cities of this size within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of teachers in the position indicated to justify | The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are b»sed upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of teachers indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224 for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. ' The distributions from which the medians in this column were figured include kindergarten teachers, special class teachers and assistant or Me om of elementary schools as well as elementary teachers. This grouping was de- kindergarten teachers, special class teachers and assistant or vice-principals of elementary | schools in cities of this size is relatively small and since they are usually cyte eed elementary teachers. | ? The distribution from which the medians in this column were figured include schools, assistant or vice-principals of junior high schools, and deans of junior high schools, as well as junior high schoo! teachers. This grouping was decided upon since the number cf junior _ school heads of departments, assistant or vice- principals of junior high schools, and junior high school deans in cities heads of departments in junior high this size is relatively small and since they are he distributions from which the medians in this column were figured include heads of departments in high schools, assistant or vice-principals of high schools, and deans of high schools, as well as high school teachers. This grouping was decided upon since the number of high school heads of departments, high school assistant or vice-principals, and high school deans in cities of this size is relatively small and since they are usually primarily high school teachers. [ 186] in. Those not familiar with the mean- of median will find it explained on page Table 27 gives the minimum salary of prin- nals as scheduled in cities from 10,000 to {),000 in population. For example, the mini- mum for supervising elementary school prin- nals, according to column 3, is below $1200 one city, and is between $3000 and $3099 n two cities; the median minimum being $1925. Table 28 presents similar data as to maxi- mum salaries. “Iwo cities report a maximum for supervising elementary school principals of between $1500 and $1599, while one reports a TABLE 26.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN 449 CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elementary Junior school principals high High Salaries paid {|_.___+_______| school school princi- princi- | Teach- | Super- pals pals ing vising 1 2 ; 4 5 $5,000 and over 2 20 4,800 to $4,999 1 3 4,000 to 4,799 1 1 7 41,400 to 4,599 3 5 32 4.200 to 4,399, 4 5 24 4,000 to 4,199. 1 + 4 45 3,800 to 3,999.. 16 6 31 3,600 to 3,799 15 10 55 3,400 to 3,599 | 19 14 45 3,200 to 3,399 | 1 23 20 37 3,100 to 3,199 1 1 12 14 3,000 to 3,099 6 34 35 43 2,900 to 2,999. 3 19 7 x 2,800 to 2,899. | 14 31 12 17 2,700 to 2,799. 12 36 19 11 2,600 to 2,699. | 19 46 13 11 2,500 to 2,599. 15 63 26 7 2,400 to 2,499...| 35 69 14 6 2,300 to 2,399. | 41 45 12 1 2,200 to 2,299. 64 70 8 3 2,100 to 2,199 112 70 7 3 2,000 to 2,099. 105 77 13 2 1,900 to 1,999. } 119 34 5 1,800 to 1,899 | 174 61 9 4 1,700 to 1,799. 169 32 8 1,600 to 1,699 199 27 7 1,500to 1,599...| 217 20 1 1,490 to 1,499 140 12 2 1300to 1,399. | 86 1 1,200 to 1,299. 59 1 | 1100 to 1,199. 26 1,000 to 1,099 18 Below $1,000... 5 Total 1,641 854 282 427 Median $1,742 | $2,349 $2,763 | $3,613 Read table as follows: Out of a total of 1,641 teaching elementary school principals in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population for which data were reported, 1 receives a salary of between $4,000 and $4.199, 1 re- ceives a salary of between $3,200 and $3,399, etc. The median salary paid this group of principals in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population is $1,742. Similarly read figures for other groups of principals. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. TABLE 27.—MINIMUM_- SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN CITIES 10,000 TO 39,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting minimum indicated for Amount of minimum Elementary Junior salary school principals high High schoo! school prin- prin- Teach- Super cipals cipals ing vising I 2 $4,000 and over 3,800 to $3,999 3,000 to 3,799 3,400 t 3,599 | ¢ 3,200 t 3,399 1 5 3100 to 3,199 3 3,000 to 3,099 ) i 10 1900 to 2,999 1 » 800 to 2,899 1 ; 1? 700 to 2,799 2,600 te 2,699 2,500 to 2,599 1 1 15 2,400 t 2,499 5 ) > 300 t 2,399 »200 to 2,299 1 l 4 1 >100 to 2,199 3 2,000 to 2,099 10 1 9 5 1,900 to 1,999 1 1,800 to 1,899 13 1 3 1 1,700 t 1,799 ; 3 1 1,600 t 1,699 11 { l 1,500 to 1,599 9 3 1,400 t 1,499 9 3 1,300 t 1,399 j 4 1 1,200 to 1,299 13 4 Below $1,200 j 1 Tote! 85 65 40 72 Median $1,572 | $1,925 $2,250 $2,850 Read table as follows: 1 city 10,000 to 30,000 in population reported a minimum salary f between $2,500 and $2,599 for teaching elementary school principals, 1 city reported a minimum of between $2,200 and $2,299, et The median minimum paid teaching elementary school principals reported by 85 cities of this size is $1,572. Similarly read the other columns of this table The mediins given in this table are figured a ling to the method described in the statement on page 170 See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principal ire included in each class r l maximum of between $4200 and $4399; the median maximum being $2600. In many cities the minimum and maximum for principals vary with the size of school. In ‘Tables 27 and 28 the minimum tabulated for a city is that paid principals of the smalle: schools, whereas the maximum tabulated for a city is that paid principals of the larger schools. One minimum and one maximum for each of the four groups of principals are included in the tabulation for each city. Table 29 indicates by states the median sal aries paid principals. The median salary paid supervising elementary school principals in cities of this size is $2349. The median for 187 ] ey» ae eS Ee "7 os SG % 2 te ug 7 OSes ee eae g etre te airs ace agnetate 5 * oe opt age =, a terme Ain ge ap this group of principals varies in different states from below $1475 to $3167. Similarly read the national and state medians for other classes of principals. Salaries of certain other school employees. Table 30 presents distribution of the salaries paid five groups of school employees. At the foot of each group are given the number in each group and the median salary. Salaries were reported for a total of 245 school nurses by the 449 cities in this popula- tion replying. This would indicate that the majority of cities of this size employs school nurses. Salaries of this group range from below $600 to $2400 to $2499; the median for the group being $1798. TABLE 28.—MAXIMUM PRINCIPALS IN SALARIES CITIES 10,000 to 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 PAID Median salaries for the other groups fol! \ PRINCIPALS IN Clerks in principals’ offices........ . $96: Clerks in administrative offices...... 1113 I oo. nena de cdnetraces 134 Attendance officers................ 114 TABLE 29.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID CITIES 10,000 to 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting maximum indicated for Amount of maximum Elemen Junior salary school —-- a high High roy school Teach- | Super- | cipals cipals } ing vising 1 2 3 4 5 deena $4,600 and over...|........]........ 3 4 4,400 to $4,500...|........).... : 1 9 4,200 to 4,399...)........ yg! eae 6 4,000 to 4,199.. 2 4 3 16 3,800 to 3,999...)........]....... fa k 5 3,600 to 3,799.../........ 4 1 5 3,400 to 3,599...)........ 4 5 . 3,200 to 3,399.. 1 6 4 7 3,100 to 3,199.. atan 1 1 2 3,000 to 3,099.. 3 3 7 7 2,900 to 2,999...)........ ee Tee eee 2,800 to 2,899. . 5 3 3 1 2,700 to 2,799... 1 6 1 1 2,600 to 2,699. . 4 1 Fano cle Ruatau 2,500 to 2,599. . 8 8 4 1 2,400 to 2,499. . 10 6 3 1 2,300 to 2,399... 1 1 ee ee 2,200 to 2,299.. 5 4 ee SS 2,100 to 2,199.. 7 4 S . Beewtanae 2,000 to 2,099.. il 3 S Aentee 1,900 to 1,999... i sas Sen tEn 4.0 6s 0% tp en aeade 1,800 to 1,899. . 13 > Tiisacnet wale wcd. det 1,700 to 1,799.. 7 dae ae Stee 1,600 to 1,699.. heh oy BAe OR ie aes 1,500 to 1,599... 4 2 lets Ws Ke nate 1,400 to 1,499.. ae Le, Se eee ae oeee. Below $1,400... . a Sa Garr eae Total. . 97 66 41 73 Median........ $2,086 | $2,600 | $3,064 | $3,940 1 city reported a and $3,399, etc. cibe median maximum paid cen of shes 9000, Simila aie Re Cus sven in this table are mo See blank form used in collecting data page 225, as to what sutnaipale are included in walk figured according mp «met on page 170. Elementary Junior school principals high High States names See | CORO | princi- | princi Teach- | Super- pals pals ing | vising 1 2 3 4 5 United States ....| $1,742 | $2,349 | $2. 763 $3 613 ED achive 1,383 1,475 | 2,975 Arkansas........ 1,300 1,750 California ....... 2,277 2,494 3,250 | 4,41 Colorado ........ 1,925 2,200 2,650 3, 6 Connecticut......| 2,017 2,446 4,050 Florida errs Ts bd a0e 2,025 2,950 Georgia......... Pf ae ae 2,600 SS if § Beeps . , Illinois 1,615 2,250 2,025 | 3,700 Indiana 1,808 2,213 2,875 3,500 lowa. 1,567 1,930 2,450 3,500 Kansas 1,786 1,839 2,975 3,625 Kentucky. . 1,390 1,800 ‘ 2,850 Maine.. 1,389 2,533 ‘ive 3,800 Maryland. . S £ eer hte Massachusetts. . 1,737 2,365 3,033 | 3,825 Michigan..... . 1,909 2,650 3,017 | 4,000 Minnesota....... 1,817 1,690 2,450 3,300 Mississippi...... . 1,650 1,564 2,200 2,950 Missouri 1,392 2,013 2,350 | 3,025 Montana........ 1,983 2,483 a Fists Nebraska........ RI Es kosmeicts 4 ; Nevada......... 2 5 ae , ; New Hampshire..| 1,575 |........ ; 3,900 New Jersey...... 2,083 3,167 3,700 | 4,600 New Mexico.....|....... 2,288 ; New York....... 2,118 | 2,645 | 3,500, 4,120 North Carolina...| 1,350 |...... eel North Dakota... . 1,733 Bee Ba ecbes ye ae 1,658 2,250 2,500 3,400 Oklahoma....... 1,725 2,317 2,650 3,900 Oregon.......... = > See ee 2,400 Pennsylvania..... 1,673 2,225 3,020 3,470 Rhode Island....| 1,850 eo oe 3,150 South Carolina...|; 1,400 |....... ee i South Dakota....| 1,650 |....... 3,000 3,850 Tennessee....... Se fo caiee as fae ES dices wera « 1,538 1,988 2,650 3,050 SSSR ER Be Aeneas 2,950 Washington 2,021 {are 3,700 West Virginia 1,370 2,442 2,150 | 4,200 aes 1,805 2,550 3,025 3,800 Wyoming........ 2,150 ae one Read table as follows: $1,742 is the median salary px teaching elementary school principals in the nited States in cities with a population of 10,000 to 30,000; $2,349 is the median Salary paid supervising elementary school pete in the United States in cities milarly read figures for the states and other groups of principals. Where no figure is given the position was not reported by cities of this size within the state, or else a report was made for too small a number of principals in the position indicated to ged the fonring of a state median. medians _o= in this table figured according described in the statement on page 170, are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various of principals indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, information as to what principals are to the method for f included in each class. [ 188 } mit by 30 10 pa me bu TA »AID 000 ) 0 i) U 0 0 ) 0 del Gainfully occupied persons in the United States receive an average income of approxi- mately $2000. None of the groups in Table 30 enjoy a median salary which approaches this national average. It does not appear that any of the employees listed in Table 30 are overpaid when their incomes are compared with those received by the nation as a whole. ‘The op- posite is probably the case. Progressive school systems are more and more recognizing the importance of requiring careful training for such work as is performed by school nurses and attendance officers. Table 30 indicates, however, that in cities from 10,000 to 30,000 in population the median paid school nurses is but 90 percent, and the median salary paid school attendance officers is but 57 percent of the average income of gain- fully occupied people in the United States. Those employed as school janitors should have training and ability at least up to the average of the population in general. The median sal- ary of janitors in cities from 10,000 to 30,000 in population is but 57 percent of the average income of gainfully occupied persons. Table 26 lists a total of 1563 school prin- cipals of the following types: supervising ele- mentary, junior high and senior high. ‘Table 30 lists but 628 clerks in principals’ offices. This indicates that less than half of the prin- cipals in cities of this size have any clerical assistants. Evidently many cities from 10,000 to 30,000 in population are making the mistake of placing professionally trained officers in charge of their schools and then providing him with such inadequate clerical assistance that a TABLE 30—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN 449 CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | | School Salaries paid nurses! | i 1 | 2 } — Se a $3,100 and over....... | 3,000 to $3,099.... | 2,900 to 2,999... 2,800 to 2,899... 2,700 to 2,799 2,000 to 2,699 2,500 to 2,599 2,400to 2,499 , 7 2,300 to 2,399 2 2,200 to 2,299 9 2,100 to 2,199 13 | 2,000 to 2,099 29 } 1,900 to 1,999..... 19 1,800 to 1,899... 43 | 1,700to 1,799 } 24 1,600 to 1,699 | 33 1,500 to 1,599 15 1,.400to 1,499 | 12 | 1,300 to 1,399 16 1,200 to 1,299 9 1,100 to 1,199 2 1,000 to 1,099 3 | 900 to 999 2 } 800 to 899 2 | 700to 799 3 600 to 699 1 Below $600... . 1 Total..... .| 245 | TT | $1,798 for other columns. each class. paid head nurses are given in Table 57, page 214. paid head janitors are given in Table 57, page 214. Clerks in | Clerks in adminis- | School Attend- principals’ | trative | janitors? ance offices | and super- | officers® | visory offices 3 4 5 6 1 5 2 1 + 3 3 9 6 9 2 1 3 1 3 1 7 1 1 24 1 2 50 3 6 59 3 3 124 1 5 8 74 9 8 5 196 4 13 12 411 9 13 15 572 5 22 13 367 1 33 35 480 48 ~4 540 6 39 16 186 5 88 40 342 8 92 38 33 9 53 11 163 1 26 172 47 17 136 8 72 10 308 9 628 | 288 4,793 140 $966 | $1,113 $1 , 347 $1,140 | Read table as follows: Out of a total of 245 school nurses in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population for which data were reported, 7 receive salaries of between $2,400 and $2,499, 2 receive salaries of between $2,300 and $2,399, ete. The median salary paid this group of school employees in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population is $1,798. Similarly read figures | The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224 for further information as to what employees are included in ! The salaries paid head nurses are not included in the distribution given in column 2. Data as to salaries being ? The salaries paid head janitors are not included in the distribution given in column 5. Data as to salaries being _ * The salaries paid chief attendance officers are not included in the distribution given in column 6. Data as to salaries being paid chief attendance officers are given in Table 57, page 214. [ 189 ] large part of his time must necessarily be taken _be performed as effectively by a person | up with clerical duties of a nature which could much lower salary. TABLE 31.— MEDIAN SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN CITIES 10,000 To nl 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 ¥ i - : a — fr | Clerks in , } School | Clerks in adminis- School Attend- 4 States | nurses! | principals’ trative janitors* ance f offices | and super- | officers ' in visory offices RS eS - | - —————ee —E ! 2 3 4 5 6 be United States : $1,798 $ 966 $1,113 $1,347 $1,140 gi | ve- fa | Alabama. UE aGT CTT a ae » ocghes + #eO84K5.606 } " . Below 600 | Arkansas... . OE ARE ee BETH KOR, Bae 640 W } California. . ékedcecn pees «é ree 2,081 | 1,044 1,225 1,517 1,565 NS a oc wre ean aha em 5 dan on Sea 950 Breas ‘ 1,232 | ae ; 1,800 1,090 a Ss 1,516 th EDS bon wave seadues nas Te or rete, eee Ra a heas 750 fr as ; ; beter atinwene xs AS | Below 600 ; al eee es ; FST oe ~ eee eye oo 1,000 ' Nas n cece ce ccs Sea 1,833 || 730 °° "| 1,088 1/352 | 850 te : DG vsixewiraseaess ae eer cee 888 cre 1,244 CRS on canes a 47 - : 1,850 | 983 1,150 1,389 SES aS ee CS A oe 850 Dal data 1,189 T Kentucky......... a a MORE nts A gh eae Mined + 800 I Se wa'e joveth ees sind Pe See ee: hae ere ee ee ft Sy | 1,067 OS ee ‘ : RES SE OR Me teen | 629 = Massachusetts........ ‘ ; 1,679 1,000 1,100 | 1,500 Below 600 Michigan........ PRecre. aee 1,775 917 1,000 1,395 1,050 Minnesota....... wi Ee 1,850 988 1,300 1,500 Mississippi... . ; ; ; Be ws ital ie ee ee ee Cee 683 | Missouri........ aaa sce es eS niales 750 ea 1,018 | Montana...... eT , vai cada 950 | 1,383 1,700 | Nebraska dks cavnsheka Man aeeaerasan 1,500 » Nevada....... —_ A I AEE! LE: -pe te 1,513 : New Hampshire ° me me on OO ~ nail mall all mall mall mall wall mall csceoecoocooce$o i=) $3322323 fo int ph hh pet te be oe BD AD ED oe ah tt be tt ND _ _ mAWNUA SG OD Qre 83 co o3 ~ Ss Below $1,000. | | | } } a TR libel ee pals Total... 1059 | 211 =| 137 | 379 | $1,583 | $2,230 | $2,184 | $2,825 | I \ --| 1,000 to 1,099. “| sof Median ao Read table as follows: Out of a total of 1059 teaching elementary school principals in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population for which data were reported, 1 receives a salary of between $3,600 and $3,799, 1 receives a salary of between $3,200 and $3,399, etc. The median salary paid this group of principals in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population is $1,583. Similarly read figures for other groups of principals. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method descrived in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. Number of cities reporting minimum indicated for Amount of minimum | Elementary Junior | salary school principals high High ae i school school j prin- prin- | Teach- | Super- cipals cipals ing vising I 2 3 $3,000 and over 2,900 to 2,999 .800 to 2,899. ,700 to ,799 ,600 to ,699. 500 to 2,599 400 to 2,499 2'300 to 2,399. 200 to 2,299 ,100 to ,199. 000 to 2,099. 2 5 ? 2 2, 1, 1,800 to 1,899. 1,700 to 799. 1 699 ™ 599 1, 499. 1, 399 1, ,299 1 1 I ,600 to 500 to 100 to 300 to 200 to 100 to 1,199. ,000 to ,099. elow $1,000. ? 2 ? ? 2 2 2 900 to 1,999. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ee 28 29 88 Median ....{ $1,380 | $1,633 | ,1,725 | $2,367 Read table as follows: 2 cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population reported a minimum salary of between $2,000 and $2,099 for teaching elementary school principals, 2 cities reported a minimum galary of between $1,800 and $1,899, etc. The median minimum paid teaching elementary school principals reported by 74 cities of this size i$ $1,380. Similarly read the other columns of this table. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, as to what principals are included in each class. Table 38 presents similar data as to maxi- mum salaries. Three cities report a maximum of supervising elementary school principals of between $1800 and $1899, while one reports a maximum between $3600 and $3699; the median maximum being $2350. In many cities the minimum and maximum of principals vary with the size of the school. In Tables 37 and 38 the minimum tabulated for a city is that paid principals in the smaller schools, whereas the maximum tabulated for the city is that paid principals of the larger schools. One minimum and one maximum for each of the four groups of principals are in- cluded in the tabulations for each city. Table 39 indicates by states the median sal- aries paid principals. ‘The median salary for supervising elementary school principals of [193] cities of this size is $2239. The median for this group of principals varies in different states from $1450 to $2675. Similarly read the na- tional and state medians for the other classes of principals. Salaries of certain other school employees. Table 40 presents distributions of the salaries paid five groups of school employees. At the foot of each column are given the number in each group and the median salary. Salaries were reported for a total of 115 nurses by the 451 cities in this population group responding. ‘This indicates that many cities of this size are without the services of a TABLE 38.—MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID PRIN- CIPALS IN CITIES 5,000 TO 10,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Number of cities reporting maximum indicated for Elementary Junior school principals high school prin- a8 Seeere eee reece ceeeeecceece 3 Seseocoooocosocoooesoooessesse * 33598888828 288: DS NS Ge Ge Ge Ge Ge Ge Go Go NS be Ge Ge 3822532553 33388 NNNNNNN seeee8s NN SHEE esSssé 333232293: _ NNN DRAW AR Ree ee = z Srrao | 3 | $1,854 Read table as follows: 1 city 5,000 to 10,000 in meee reported a maximum salary of between 3,500 and $3,599 for teaching elementary school prin- cipals, 1 city reported a maximum salary of between $3,300 and $3,399, etc. The median maximum paid teaching elementary school principals reported by 76 cities of this size is $1,854. Similarly read other col- umns of this table. ' The medians pa in this table are figured according to the method i in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, as to what principals are included in each TABLE 39.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID Pry. CIPALS IN CITIES 5,000 TO 10,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | | Elementary | school principals Junior high } ——_—_——| school | | princi- | Teach- | wit Super- vising 1 2 3 United States... .| $1,583 | $2,239 | Alabama ,133 iawas Arizona , ,920 | 2,425 | Arkansas...... ,138 California ,046 Colorado "2,640 |.. Indiana | a Kentucky ES Se Massachusetts. . Michigan Minnesota Missouri....... Montana New Hampshire. ‘| New Jersey New York | North Carolina... | North Dakota....| Oklahoma Pennsylvania Rhode Island... . South Carolina... Tennessee Vermont Virginia 7 Washington...... West Virginia. ... ,, . 2,600 Wyoming 1,900 at Read table as follows: $1,583 is the median salary id teaching elementary school principals in the nited States in cities with a population of 5,000 to 10,000; $2,239 is the median salary paid supervising elementary school principals in the United States in cities of this size. Similarly read figures for the states and other groups of principals. Where no ye is given the position was not reported by cities of this size within the state or else a report was made for too small a number of principals in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of principals indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principals are in- cluded in each ‘ school nurse. Salaries of this group range from less than $600 to $3100 and over, th: median for the group being $1643. The median salaries for the other follow: Clerks in principals’ offices.......... $800 Clerks in administrative offices...... 1057 School janitors 255 Attendance officers groups probable that many of the attendance United States. The school attendance officers ficers reported are but part-time employees. in many cities of this size are evidently part- Gainfully occupied persons in the United time employees and the function which they States receive an average income of approxi- exercise is doubtless a side issue to their regu mately $2000. None of the groups of Table lar work. Those employed as school janitors 40 enjoy a median salary which approaches should have training and ability at least up this national average. It does not appear that to the average of the population in general any of the employees listed in Table 40 are The median salary of janitors in cities of this overpaid when their incomes are compared population, however, is but 63 percent of the with those received by the nation as a whole. average income of gainfully occupied persons. The opposite is probably the case. Table 36 lists a “total of 727 school prin- Progressive school systems are more and cipals of i following types: supervising ele re recognizing the importance of requiring mentary, junior high and senior high. Table careful training for such groups as school 40 lists but 166 clerks in principals’ offices. nurses and attendance officers. Table 40 in- This indicates that comparatively few prin- dicates, however, that in cities from 5,000 to cipals in cities of this population are furnished 10.000 in population, the median salary paid with any clerical assistance. Evidently cities school nurses is but 82 percent of the average of this population are quite generally making income of the gainfully occupied people of the the mistake of placing a professionally trained TABLE 40.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN 451 CITIES 5,000 TO 10,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Clerks in administrative and super- visory offices School Clerks in Salaries paid nurses! | principals’ offices School | Attendance janitors? officers? f $3,100 and over 3,000 to $3,099 900 to 2,999 2,800 to 2,899 > 700 to 2,799 » 600 to 2,699 500 to 2,599 400 to 2,499 300 to 2,399 200 to 2,299 100 to 2,199 000 to 2,099 900 to 1,999 800 to 1,899 700 to 1,799 600 to 1,699 500 to 1,599 400 to 1,499 300 to 1,399 200 to 1,299 100 to 1,199 000 to 1,099 900 to 999 800 to 899 700 to 799 600 to 699 Below $600 Total. ‘ 119 96 Median.......... | $1,643 | $800 $1,057 ,255 Below $600 Read table as follows: Out of a total of 115 school nurses in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population f reported. 1 receives salaries of $3,100 or more, 1 receives salaries of between $2,600 and $2,699, etc. ! airy paid this group of school employees in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population is $1,643 Similarly read figures for columns, The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224, for further information as to what employees are included in each class, 1 The salaries paid head nurses are not included in the distributions given in column 2. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses are given in the table on page 215 2The salaries paid head janitors are not inc juded in the distributions given in column 5. Data as to salaries b paid head janitors are given in the table on page 215. 3 The salaries paid chief attendance officers are not included in the distributions given in cx salaries being paid chief attendance officers are given in the table on page 215. lumn 6, Data [195] officer in charge of their schools and then pro- sarily be taken up with clerical duti: viding him with such inadequate clerical assist- mature which could be performed as ance that a large part of his time must neces- tively by a person paid a much lower TABLE 41.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN CITIES 5,000 TO IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Clerks in administrative and super- - — visory offices | — 6 Below $60 Below $600 1,300 Below $600 1,542 California a ee, oe alae © iy : Colorado mando oe 1,283 1,400 Below $600 733 1,350 975 Below $600 1,013 Massachusetts . 313 Below $60 Michigan mee : , 286 Minnesota cesar : . 546 yOis ex ene 933 Montana 836 New York........... Below $60 North Carolina Below $60 Below $6( Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina 1,133 Below $600 1,258 Washington............ 833 West Virginia eae : Wisconsin BS s 1,207 i ' rr 1,483 Read table as follows: $1,643 is the median salary paid school nurses in the United States in cities with a populati: of 5,000 to 10,000; $800 is the median salary paid clerks in principals’ offices. Similarly read figures for the states a! other employees. Where no figure is given the position was not reported by cities of this size within the state or els: report was made for too small a number of employees in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state media: The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are bas: upon distributions of salaries rted paid the various classes of employees indicated. See blank form used in collecti: data, reproduced on 224, for further information as to what employees are included in each class. ! The salaries paid nurses were not included in the distributions from which the medians given in column 2 we: red. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses are given in the table on page 215. ? The salaries paid head janitors were not included in the distributions from which the medians given in column 5 we: . Data as to salaries —— head janitors are given in the table on e 215. f * The salaries paid chief at nce officers were not included in the distributions from which the medians given column 6 were figured. Data as to salaries being paid chief attendance officers are given in the table on page 215. Salaries in Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in Population Teachers’ salaries. Table 42 presents com- te distributions of the salaries paid during 130-31 to four classes of teachers in cities m 2,500 to 5,000 in population. The in- blank, reproduced on page 224, gives information as to the class of teach- s included in each column. ‘The total num- r of teachers in each class and a median are riven at the foot of each column. ‘Those not familiar with the meaning of median will find t explained on page 170. Table 43 gives the minimum salaries of the three groups of teachers as scheduled in cities from 2,500 to 5,000 in population. ample, the minimum for elementary school For ex- TABLE 42.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN 440 CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elemen-| Junior Teachers Salaries paid tary igh school | Of part- 1| School |teachers?) time teachers teachers? schools High $3,100 and over. . 3,000 to $3,099... 900 io 2,999... 800 to 2,899. 700 to 2,799. 600 to 500 to 400 to ,300 to 200 to ,100 to ,000 to 900 to 800 to 700 to 600 to 500 to 400 to 300 to 200 to 100 to ,000 to 900 to 800 to 700 to 600 to Below $600 ~WNNNNNNHRNN ee te ee tt et beh hh tet 12 $1,360 $700 ' Read table as follows: Out of a total of 7,631 elementary teachers in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in popula- tion for which data were reported, 1 receives a salary of $3.100 or over. 1 receives a salary between $2,900 and $2,999, etc. The median salary paid this group of teachers in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population is $1,162. Similarly read figures for other columns. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data reproduced on page 224, for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. 1 See footnote 1 at bottom of Table 25, page 186. 2 See footnote 2 at bottom of Table 25, page 186. * See footnote 3 at bottom of Table 25, page 186. TABLE 43.—MINIMUM SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Junior high school teachers Elemen- tary teachers High school teachers Amount of minimum salary I 2 j 4 ,800 to $1,899... 3 ,700 to ,799 ,600 to ,699 ,500 to 599 ,400 to ,499 ,300 to ,399 .200 to ,299 ,100 to ,199 000 to 1,099 900 to 999 800 to 899 700 to 799 Below 700 Total Median $999 Read the table as follows: 1 city 2,500 to 5,000 in population reported a minimum salary of between $1,600 and $1,699, for elementary teachers, 1 city re- ported minimum of between $1,5P0 and $1,599, etc. The median minimum for element4ry teachers reported by 243 cities of this size is $999 the other columns of this table. : The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224, for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. Similarly read TABLE 44.—MAXIMUM_ SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elemen- tary teachers High school teachers Junior high school teachers Amount of maximum salary I 2 j $3,000 and over... 1 2,900 to $2,999 ,800 to 2,899 700 to 2,799 ,600 to 2,699 ,500 to 599 ,400 to ,499 ,300 to ,399 200 to ,299 ,100 to ,199 ,000 to ,099 900 to 999... 800 to 899 700 to 799 ,600 to ,699 ,500 to ,599 400 to 1,499 ,300 to ,399 ,200 to ,299 ,100 to ,199 ,000 to ,099 900 to 999 Below $900 tt it et et et et et et KN NN NO a it he it it et et et et KON ND Total sat 22¢ 108 186 Median $1,657 $1,983 Read Table 44 same as Table 43 teachers, according to column 2, is below $700 in seven cities and is between $1600 and $1699 in one city; the median minimum being $999. Table 44 presents similar data as to maxi- mum salaries. Eight cities from 2,500 to 5,000 in population report a maximum salary for elementary school teachers of below $900, while one reports a maximum in the group $3000 and over, the median maximum being $1411. Table 45 indicates, by states, the median salary of the three groups of teachers. The dis- tributions of salaries in individual states from which the median of Table 45 were calculated are given in the sets of salary tabulations fe- ferred to on page 226. It was not possible to include these distributions in a bulletin of this length. The median salaries paid elementary teach- ers in cities of this size is $1162, according to the table. The median for elementary teachers varies in different states all the way from to $1637. Similarly read the nationa! state medians for the other classes of tea It is interesting to study the figure Tables 42 and 45 in the light of the fact the average of the gainfully occupied pe: in the United States is approximately $2 Principals’ salaries. Table 46 presents a tribution of the salaries paid during 193 to principals of elementary, junior high senior high schools in cities from 2,500 to 5 in population. The inquiry blank reprody on pages 224 and 225 gives full informatio: to the principals included in each group. ‘| total number in each group and the median salary are given at the foot of each column. Those not familiar with the meaning of median will find it explained on page 170. None of the tabulations of Tables 46 to 49 include salaries for the chief administrat TABLE 45.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID TEACHERS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | ; } wy i ; (2 : ei Elemer- High tary teachers! | | | } Elemen- | Junior | High tary high school! schoo! teachers! | teachers? | teachers 1 5 | 6 x United States $1, Alabama. . Arizona. . Arkansas California Colorado. . Connecticut Delaware Florida. . Georgia . Idaho... . Illinois... . Indiana. . a Kansas... Kentucky. Louisiana Maine.. Maryland. Massachusetts Michigan. . Minnesota. . Mississippi. . . CES Sieve onece | Nebraska........ $1,113 + | $1,483 New Hampshire. 1,011 > a 1,392 New Jersey...... 1,502 ,745 1, 78¢ New Mexico 1,282 ; ,637 North Carolina. ,139 North Dakota... .143 Ohio 120 Oklahoma..... 948 ,217 Pennsylvania ,142 Rhode Island..... , 239 South Carolina. 950 South Dakota... 226 Tennessee....... 815 936 ,067 Br 900 Virginia ; 833 Washington... ‘x 265 West Virginia.... ,122 ,216 Wyoming........ ,540 tom of Table 25, page 186. bottom of Table 25, page 186. bottom of Table 25, page 186. Read table as follows: $1,162 is the median salary paid elementary teachers in the United Statesin cities with a popu- of 2,500 to 5,000; $1,360 is the median salary paid junior high school teachers in the United States in cities of this Similarly read figures for states and other groups of teachers. Where no opue is given the position was not re- by of this . or else a report was made for too small a number o e median. this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based salaries reported paid the various classes of teachers indicated. See blank form used in collecting 224, for further information as to what teachers are included in each class. teachers in the position indicated to officers of school systems of this size no matter what their title may be. tables are for principals working under ad- Salaries given in these ministrative officers such as superintendents of schools. Salaries of these latter officers will be found tabulated in column 2 of Table 60. [able 47 gives the minimum salaries of prin- als as scheduled in cities of this popula- tion. For example, the minimum for ele- mentary supervising school principals, accord- ing to column 3, is between $1400 and $1499 in one city, and is between $2000 and $2099 in one city; the median minimum being $1650. Table 48 presents similar data as to maxi- mum salaries. One city reports a maximum TABLE 46.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN 440 CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | Elementary schoo!| Junior | principals high Salaries paid a ease school | } princi- | Teach- | Super- pals ing vising High school princi- pals 1 2 3 $5,000 and over 1 4800 to 4,999. 4,600 to 4,799 3 4,400 to 4,599 4,200 to 4,399. 4,000 to 4,199 3.800 to 3,999 3,600 to ,799 3,400 to 599. 200 to 399 3,100 to 199 ,000 to ,099 2,900 to ,999 ,.800 to 899 2,700 to 799 2,600 to 699 500 to 599 2,400 to 499 ,300 to 399 2,200 to 299 2,100 to 199 2,000 to 099 1,900 to 999 1,800 to 899 1,700 to 799 1,600 to 699 1,500 to 599 1, 499 1 1 1 1 I we Ns 399 299 199 000 to 1,099 Jelow $1,000 SS eee NNN NNN NN ww Www Total 498 71 99 298 Median $2 , 403 $1,409 | $2,175 | $1,775 Read table as follows: Out of a total of 498 teaching elementary school principals in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population for which data were reported, 1 receives a salary of between $3,000 and $3,099, 2 receive a salary of between $2,700 and $2,799, etc. The median salary paid this group of principals in cities 2,500 to 5 000 in population is $1,409. Similarly read figures for other groups of principals. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170 See blank form used in collecting data reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. salary for supervising elementary school prin- cipals of between $1700 and $1799, while one reports maximum of $3000 and $3099; the median maximum being $2200. ‘Table 49 indicates, by salaries paid principals. ‘The median salary of states, the median supervising elementary school principals in cities of this size is $2175. Comparatively few states reported a sufficient number of principals in this class to justify the inclusion of a state median in Table 49. Salaries of certain other school employees. Table 50 presents distributions of salaries paid five groups of school employees. At the foot of each column are given the number in each group and the median salary. total of 83 from than $600 to $2600 to $2699; the median for the Salaries were reported for a nurses. Their salaries range less group being $1558. It appears that compara tively few cities of this class are provided with the services of a school nurse. the other The median salaries for groups follow: Clerks in principals’ offices Clerks in administrative ofhces 764 School janitors 1087 Attendance ofhcers $781 Be low $600 Gainfully occupied persons in the United States receive an average income of approxi- mately $2000. Table 50 enjoy a median salary which approaches None of the groups of this national average. It does not appear that any of the employees listed in ‘Table 50 are overpaid when their incomes are compared with those received in the nation as a whole. The opposite is probably the case. Progressive school systems are more and more recognizing the importance of requiring careful training for such groups as school nurses and attendance officers. Table 50 indi- cates, however, the median salary of school nurses in cities of this population is but 78 percent of the average income of gainfully oc- cupied people in the United States. “The work of the attendance officer in cities of this size is evidently on a part-time basis and is many times performed as a side issue to some other employment. Those employed as school jani- tors should have training and ability at least up to the average of the population in general. [ 199 ] The median salary of janitors in cities from population, are provided with any cleric: 2,500 to 5,000 in population, however, is but _ sistance. Evidently many of these smalle; 54 percent of the average income of gainfully are making the mistake of placing a p: vccupied persons. sionally trained officer in charge of their sc! Table 46 lists a total of 468 school prin- and then providing him with such inadex cipals of the following types: supervising ele- clerical assistance that a large part of his mentary, junior high and senior high. Table must be taken up with clerical duties 50 lists but 69 clerks in principals’ offices. nature which could be performed as effect; This indicates that very few principals, even by a person paid a much lower salary. in the more important positions in cities of this TABLE 48.—MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID PRIN- CIPALS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN TABLE 47.—MINIMUM SALARIES PAID PRIN- POPULATION IN 1930-1931 CIPALS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 " Number of cities reporting maximun : =—— - —— 5 indicated for Number of cities reporting minimum l indicated for maxim Elementary Junior | school principals high High Amount of school | school minimum Elementary Nl prin- | prin- salary school principals | high High Teach- | Super- | cipals | cipals “ 2 3 4 ~ ~ aA w 2 2 2 2 2,100 2 1 1 1 -MNNNNNN 338 sbaieHth « oe RYNRRNNWWWWh eooceoooooce BEE 3 s3552 33 : $332332282923 2839838223 SSSSSSSESESSSS 388 *- ee ee ee et ee SE PET pe Sie bed eeu S338 Oe ee et ee et et et BD ND eSSSSsssssss rer ee ee ee et et ee Sarr QOnkAWN Ww & : Read table as follows: 2 cities 2,500 to 5,000 in (eitid Ribs Nhe! ahd la reported a minimum salary of between 35 ns, 33 1,800 and $1,899, for teaching elementary schooi —— = | : , 2 cities reported a minimum of between $1,592 | $2,200 $1,875 $2,507 699. The median minimum for pm | pals by 34 cities Giuiasty read the other columns Read table as follows: 1 city 2,500 to 5.000 in popu- lation reported a maximum salary o' tween $2, in this table are figured according and $2,499. for teaching elementary school principals, in the statement on page 170. 3 cities reported a maximum of between $2,100 and in collecting data, reproduced on $2,199. The median maximum for teaching elementary pals are included in each school principals reported by 35 cities of this size is $1,592. Similarly read the other columns of this table The medians given in this table are figured accordin g to the method described in the statement on page 170. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 225, as to what principals are included in each class. Shes a Gre > en a. s iF “a ae WO ey Pane ee et Creat "ate i 2+ agents ~_ ~- aisceeantec“alieeeenetinedininemenianenmee sepwamreme sete =a CHART V MEDIAN SALARIES PAID JUNIOR HIGH SCHGDL PRINCIPALS IN CITIES -1930-3] 88 CITIES WER 100,000 POPULATION 204 CITIES 30,000 to 100,000 POPULATION A4AQ CITIES 0,000 to 30,000 POPULATION A5I CITIES 5,000 to |I0.000 POPULATION 440 CITIES 2500 to 5000 POPULATION > ns b Kescarch Ouxrsior ANetional. €ducation. Association CHART VI MEDIAN SALARIES PAID SENIOR ‘HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN CITIES - 193031 88 CITIES POPULATION 204 CITIES 30,000 tm 100,000 POPULATION 449 CITIES 10,000 to 30,000 POPULATION EW4-VA-4 451 CITIES 5.000 to 10,000 POPULATION 440 CITIES 2,500 to 5,000 POPULATION 2) AX Kesearche L4U6StOoR “s f Aagvoonal Education Assoctatoot2 TABLE 49.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID PRINCIPALS IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Elementary Elementary school principals igh school principals | niet | school Teach- | Super- | Super- prin- ing vising i vising cipals 1 2 United States $1,409 Arkansas 1,350 California cooek Bee Colorado one 1,580 } Caneesttent 1,788 _ ; I icnieeten ig of ET 1,225 Oregon Pennsylvania a ol co lat 1,400 eeeee seas ® Rhode Island BR, we vas 1,294 |.... . 4 Indiana. . 8 ieee South Dakota...... 1,258 1,344 | Maine....... JS | er : Virginia. Massachusetts......| 1,600 |........ = Washington........ S PI, gnc vce ib ¢ ar ; West Virginia ‘ Minnesota 300 Wisconsin ,438 | 1, ; 7 Missouri 1,125 Wyoming.......... ,750 |.... ; Read table as follows: $1,409 is the median salary paid teaching elementary school principals in the United Stat: in cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000; $2,175 is the median salary paid supervising elementary school principals in the United States in cities of this size. Similarly read figures for the states and other groups of principals. Wher no figure is given the position was not reported by cities of this size within the state, or else a report was made for t: small a number of principals in the position indicated to justify the figuring of a state median. The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based upo: distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of principals indicated. See blank form used in collecting dat: reproduced on page 225, for further information as to what principals are included in each class. TABLE 50.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN 440 CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Clerks in School Clerks in administrative School Attendance j and super- janitors? officers® 6 Lie ete 9, PBs > sgtandits ‘ot Skier ye i 20 at Se eee iinet ontemeny +A 32225225222225255222282 wee = Que uw pe: a : SrwOoMEAUA SN We tro . - 2D wu fae ind id tad tad ted tad oN ADIN AD RD RD BD BY BO RO OD N ot an a DAPNRMAWNWALACNUEN HRW 71 e 3 ROD RAURO 3 Om AAM 78 Below $600 _| $1,558 3 2 ee ed Read Table 50 same as Table 51. Also see Table 51 for footnotes. [ 202 ] TABLE 51.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Clerks in administrative School and super- ©choo! visory offices Clerks in School principals’ nurses! offices Attendance janitors’ officers* 4 $1 087 Below $600 United States Alabama... sclow $600 Arizona 9? Arkansas 650 California 1.575 Colorado 1 5 06035 Connecticut 1,150 w $600 C,eorgia Idaho 1,213 Illinois 2 090 Ine diane 1.063 lowa 006 Kansas Kentucky Maine M iryland 979 ORS SO) O15 Massachusetts 050 Michigan Minnesota Missouri Nebraska 263 662 O50 Below $600 1.436 1,025 1,475 Below $600 New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina 1,260 OSS 1,021 1,261 Below $600 Ohio Oklahoma Uregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Dakota 1 Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Read table as follows: $1,558 is the median salary paid school nurses in the United States in cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000; $781 is the median salary paid clerks in principals’ offices in the United States in cities of this size Similarly read figures for the states and other employees. The medians given in this table, figured according to the method described in the statement on page 170, are based upon distributions of salaries reported paid the various classes of school employees indicated. See blank form used in collecting data, reproduced on page 224, for further information as to what employees are included 1 The salaries paid head nurses were not included in the distribution from which the medians given in column 2 figured. Data as to salaries being paid head nurses are given in’ Table 60, page 218 2 The salaries paid head janitors were not included in the distribution from which the medians given in colum: figured. Data as to salaries being paid head janitors are given in Table 60, page 218 * The salaries paid chief attendance officers were not included in the distribution from which the medians given in column 6 were figured. Data as to salaries being paid chief attendance officers are given in Table 60, page 218 in each class ) were 5 were paps oe Il. Salaries Paid School Administrative and Supervising Officers, 1930 The tables of this section present data as to the salaries paid full time administrative and supervisory officers connected with the central offices of 1632 city school systems. Two tables are given for each of the five popu- lation groups. These tables present distribu- tions of salaries paid the groups of school officers indicated in the form reproduced on page 222. The cost involved precluded the possibility of issuing a printed report giving the salaries of these officers by individual cities. Such tabu- lations are available, however, and may be obtained under the conditions given on page 227. Interpretation of Tables A study of the form used in collecting the data summarized in these tables will aid in their interpretation. The footnotes given at the foot of each table should be read carefully. The sets of salary tabulations for adminis- trative and supervisory officers describe. page 226 should be obtained by those need something more than the summariza: presented subsequently. In studying the subsequent tables, it sh: be kept in mind that city organization school administration and supervision va widely. A superficial examination of the lowing tables might lead one to infer that . a small percentage of cities provides for th rection of a particular function when su not the case. For example, the columns headed “Assistant or Associate Superintendents,”’ Table 52, columns 3 and 4, refer to offi exercising a wide range of functions. Ci doubtless varied in their practice in reporting for these officers. In the case of an Assistant Superintendent in charge of Research ‘T\ and Measurements, a city would, in some cas report this official as an Assistant Superi: tendent using line 3 on the report form (s page 222), and in other cases as a Director CHART VII 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 POPULATION 204 CITIES 350.000 to 100,000 POPULATION 449 cities 10,000 te 30,000 POPULATION 451 CITIES 5,000 to 10.000 POPULATION 440 CITIES 2500 t 5000 POPULATION MEDIAN SALARIES PAID CITY SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS IN CITIES - 1930-3! ODustsiore : fetucation ASSOCIMLOR - [ 204 J AID ADMINISTRATIVE AND ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS IN 88 CITIES OVER 100,000 DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES P TABLE 52. IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 i$ 1008 'I$ 1 JUBISISSE BULK » 661'E$ 92 OOO'S$ ( . " . 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In Salaries in Cities Over 100,000 in preparing the subsequent tables it was the prac- Population tice to tabulate the officer under the title re- Table 52 presents distributions of sal ported. In some cities a Director of Health paid certain administrative officers and ; may be in charge of the work of both Health assistants in cities over 100,000 in popula: and Physical Education. If he and his assist- The total number of officers reported in . ants were reported on line 13 of the report group and the median salary are given at form, his salary and those of his assistants were foot of each column. tabulated in the columns headed “Health,” Table 53 gives similar data for directors for example, see Table 53, columns 25 and 26 supervisors and their assistants. and no tabulation would appear in columns 27 Salaries for a total of 3353 officers wer and 28 headed ‘Physical Education.” ‘This ported by the 88 cities replying, accordin general practice was followed throughout in Tables 52 and 53. It is possible that sala tabulating the salaries of this section of the Bulletin. In some cases salaries were probably reported on line 27 and following of the report form, which should have been listed with some of the groups named on lines 1 to 26. Salaries re- Salaries in Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in ported on lines 27 and below of the report form Population were listed under the heading “Miscellaneous” Table 54 presents distributions of sala: in the tables. paid certain administrative officers and thei: In short, much caution should be observed assistants in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in po; in using the following tables as indicators of lation. The total number of officers reported whether the administration or supervision of in each group and the median salary are given a particular function is provided for in the at the foot of each column. cities of a particular population group. It may Table 55 gives similar data for directors and be exercised by officers whose salaries are tabu- supervisors and their assistants. lated in columns under a heading other than Salaries for a total of 3147 officers we: the one being considered. reported by the 204 cities replying, accordi: The two tables given for each population to Tables 54 and 55. It is possible that sa group may be accepted as reasonably reliable aries for some officers were not reported pictures of the number and range of salaries though the blank called for the listing of th paid administrative officers in ‘the cities re- salaries paid all full-time administrative and porting. supervisory officers. for some officers were not reported, alt the blank called for the listing of the sal paid all full time administrative and su; visory officers. IN 1030-1031 Z _ C ~ - < - = = A A o C ‘al A Z - ES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE AND ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS IN 204 CITIES 30,000 TO 100,000 A EDUCATIONAL system employing cheap teachers with little education and culture, housed in buildings which are an affront to beauty, working with obsolete equipment cannot expect to compete with the glitter of modern commercialized recreation. Higher apprecia tions than those upon which most commercial amusement depends cannot be created by schools which are stupid and uninteresting. Teachers capable of transmitting true refinement cannot be employed for wages comparable to those paid common laborers. School buildings which set an example of beauty cannot be erected without paying the price for architectural services, labor, and building materials. Yet that is what some of the critics of school costs seem to expect. In return for financial support measured in cents, they expect the schools to do work which dollars alone will finance. When the impossible is not accomplished they would cut down even the cents allowed. It cannot be done this way. The influence of the school in promoting social progress will never be what it should until its development is based upon a far more adequate plan for financing public education than that now in effect—Research Bulletin, National Education Association. Vol. VIII, No. 4, p. 182. 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Salaries for a total of 3104 officers Table 56 presents distributions of salaries ported by the 449 cities replying, acco: paid directors and supervisors and their assist- to Tables 56 and 57. It is possible that sal ants in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population. for some officers were not reported alth The total number of officers reported in each the blank called for the listing of the sal group and the median salary are given at the paid all full time administrative and su foot of each column. visory officers. TABLE 57.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE AND ASSISTANT ADMINIs- TRATIVE OFFICERS IN 449 CITIES 10,000 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 | | | Direc- Super- } tor of |Miscel-| Assist intend-| Secre- | Chief | | “re- |laneous| ant ent of | tary to|attend-| Head Head | search, admin- | admin build- | super- | ance | nurses janitors) tests | istra- | i ings | intend-| officers | and | tive and ent | | mea- officers '| officer | | grounds) | sure- | ments ) = a ° < @ 7 7 6, $. 5 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3 3, 3, 3 3 2 2, 2, oo & = sade SEE: — — g NN - sEE35808008805050805050588 eoooceocoocoso nd mall mall mall wall ad dll nal wall mln wn N wnmn eocoocoeoeocecoecoecs ane AaAn— -— Dm NN SESSESSESTEESS ESTE - me NNN EK ORO EOD = OWN RAUN We t = ARAANW IW: wan 33 Nw Pr eROOUOC CH AW ewe CO —e — — nN _ nN — ANBDOKCUMNwWRK AUR Ww w — _ Om eK UN whe ee ee et ee ee ee DN I coccee 333% $35358¢8 cee ooo 838 52 | 110 234 | 163 | 44 | 37 $5,149) $2,950] $1,250) $3,200) $2,175] $1,453) $1,215) $1,716, $1,892, $2,150, $1,225 | | | | | | | Read table as follows: Out of 446 superintendents of schools in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population for which data were . 40 receive a salary of $7,000 and over, 63 receive a salary of between $6,000 and $6,999, etc. The median salary paid superintendents of schools in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population is $5,149. Similarly read figures for other groups of The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described on page 170. The blank form used in collecting these data is reproduced on page 222. In some cases an officer whose salary is tabulated in a particular column also has to do with the administration of more functions than the one listed in the heading under which his salary is tabu- It is impractical to include the footnotes necessary to designate such combinations of functions. Detailed annota- such combinations of administrative authority in one officer are given in the sets of salary tabulations referred to on page 226. 1 Salaries reported paid chief administrative officers other than those listed in previous columns are given in column 12. * Salaries reported paid assistant administrative officers. The officers listed in column 13 are the assistants of the various chief administrative officers listed in columns 3 to 12. [ 214] Salaries in Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in Table 59 gives similar data for directors Population and supervisors and their assistants. ] Salaries for a total of 3104 officers were Table 58 presents distributions of salaries reported by the 451 cities replying, according paid certain administrative officers and their to Tables 58 and 59. It is possible that salaries assistants in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in popula- for some officers were not reported although tion. The total number of officers reported in the blank called for the listing of the salaries each group and the median salary are given’ paid all full time administrative and super at the foot of each column. VISOry officers. TABLE 58.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS IN 451 CITIES 5,000 TO 10,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 Assis- Super- Direc tant or inten- | Secre tor of | Miscel-| Assis Super- | asso- Secre- | Busi- | dent of | tary to| Chief re laneous, tant Salaries paid inten- ciate | tary to ness build- | super- | atten- Head Head § search, admin- admin- dent of | super- | board man- ings inten- | dance | nurses janitors tests istra istra- schools; inten- agers dent | officers and tive tive dents grounds mea officers! officers? sure ments 1 4 Il 000 and 500 to 000 to 800 to 600 to 400 to 200 to 000 to +, 800 to $600 to 400 to 200 to 3,000 to 900 to 800 to 700 to 600 Lo 500 to 400 to 300 to 200 to 100 to 000 to 900 to 800 to 700 to 600 to 500 to 400 to 300 to 200 to 100 to 000 to 900 to 800 to 700 to 600 to 500 to Below $500 / 5 Total 436 14 34 335 1453 139 151 11 Vim rn we NNNNNNNNWSWWWwW hhh uu. laianiodiod ene oe Median ae $4,188) $3,300) $558 ($2,500) $1,900) $1,192) Below | $1,639) $1,692) $2, 42: $800| Below $500 $500 Read table as follows: Out of 436 superintendents of schools in cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population for which data were reported 29 receive a salary of $6,000 and over, 20 receive a salary of between $5,500 and $5,999, et« The median salary paid superintendents of schools in cities 5,000 to 19,000 in population is $4,188. Similarly read figures for other groups of officers. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described on page 170. The blank form used in collecting these data is reproduced on page 222. In some cases an officer whose salary is tabulated in a particular column also has to do with the administration of more functions than the one listed in the heading under whi is salary is tabulated. It is impractical to include the footnotes necessary to designate such combination of functions tailed annotations covering such combinations of administrative authority in one official are given in the sets of salary tabulations referred to on page 226 1 Salaries reported paid administrative officers other than those listed in previous columns are given in columr 2 The officers listed in column 13 are the assistants of the various officers listed in columns 3 to 12 3 Excludes all officers whose salaries were reported paid on a monthly or daily basis [ 215 ] porenervy) Os A iGaVs 000‘ Z$ 009 'Z$ oos$ oos$s oos$ oos$ oss I$ Oso ¢$ $40'z$ OSI z$ Lie€'1$ oso I$ © OOF I$ a i te! ae | mojeg Moleg Moleg aojeg | } | | | 9 , ce | aie oh ae , wae Tb xg wee i: | @¢. t. @ Ut eee eee [BOL . ZI } el Il | | . | . | sae an rr ooss MOlag I-66 01 00S 07 009 0} OOL 01 008 07 006 © 000° 01 ool ” 03 00Z 07 00¢' © 00F' 02 00S" 07 009° 07 00L" © 008 ©} 006° © 000° 02 OOT‘ 01 00Z ©) OOF © 00F ©? 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JURSISSY | $10;I0IIC JO siosia | JO SJOSIA | JO SJOSIA | jo SJOSIA -Jedns Jo | -iedns Jo | -sedns Jo | -sadns Jo wonBonpe sossvy> 830}20NG | S10}eNG | s1O}IeNG | s30}202G TeuONBIOA uoNezTUBeUry sepez3 Areunig , T€6I-Of61 NI ‘NOILV1NdOd NI 000‘0I OL 000‘S SAILIO IS NI SHOSIAWAdAS INVLISISSV ANV ‘SHOSIAMAdAS ‘SHOLOAMIA LNVLSISSV ‘SHOLODAUIC AIVd SAIIVIVS 40 NOLLAGTALSIG—'6s ATAVL 2 ¢ SJOSIA -iedns Jo) ; SIOSIA ¢ SI99qO Asostasodns SNO@UBI|9IS!I oss I$ zh og 62 ¢ SJOSIA ~sedns Jo $10}991Ip |-1edns JO $10}.eIp |-iedns J0|s10}9eNIp |-1edns 10/s10}9eNp |-1edns 10\s10}00Np -1edns Jo JUBISISSY |S$1O}JIBIIC] JUBISISSY $10}IIIIC] | }UBISISSY |$10}I9IIC] | JUBISISSY |S10}I9IIC] | }JUBISISSY $10}IOIIC] |JULISISSY S10}IOIIC] | JUBISISSY |SJO}JIOIICT JUBISISSY |$10}9911C drysuvurueg SIOSIA ros I$ ; SIOSIA -iedns 10 I$ rae 1 SIOSIA 02 ¢ SIOSIA -1edns 10 vv 1 SIOSIA OOO Ss 000 I$ | 002'I$ ze 22 12 ; SIOSIA -iedns 10 ¢ SJOSIA -1edns 10| ; SJOSIA | SIOSIA uoneonpe fesrsi{ug yee Oz I$ OF 02 ; SJOSIA -sedns 10 SdUIONOIe sUIOP] oso’ Ig ogs'I$s Sst 3 ol 8i ; SIOSIA ; SJ0stA |-1edns JO £01 27S ltl TBO] oos$ ™ 00s 1 oO0S 669 1 O09 66 oy ! 668 1 OOR 5606 1 006 600 1000 661 oo! 667 OOK 66¢ oof 66% OOF 66S OOS 669 009 661° 668 666 660 66! 667 66t 66t 66$ 669° 66L 668° 666 oy 660 ¢$ 9 J9AO PUt 19H 006 000 ool O0t OOF 01 07 ANAS AN ool ol , SIOSIA | $10}9aIIp |-1edns 30|s10}901Ip |-19dns 10/$30}90IIp |-19edns 10} — pred sareeg Zururel [enue 001° 008° 007° oos * ©? 009° 0OoL° 008 ° 006° 000° LAAN ANANNANANAN NAN St St St SSS Se uvipe $ penunuosg ‘oS ATAVL Salaries in Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in Table 61 gives similar data for dir Population and supervisors and their assistants. eas | . Salaries for a total of 1933 officers Table 60 presents distributions of salaries reported by the 440 cities replying, acco: paid certain administrative officers and their to Tables 60 and 61. It is possible that assistants in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in popula- aries for some officers were not reported al. tion. The total number of officers reported in though the blank called for the listing of ¢| each group and the median salary are given at salaries paid all full time administrative the foot of each column. supervisory officers. TABLE 60.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE AND ASSISTANT ADMINIs. TRATIVE OFFICERS IN 440 CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION IN 1930-1931 - Direc- | Assis- Super- tor of | Miscel-) Ass Super- | tant or Se | Busi- | imten- | Secre-| Chief | re- |laneous| tant inten- | 8880- | od ness | dent of | tary to! atten- | Head | Head | search, | admin-| admin dent of | ciate | tary o | man- build- | super- | dance | nurses janitors) tests || istra- istra schools! Super- | board § agers | ings | inten- | officers | and tive | tive inten- and dent | | mea- | sure- | ments | | officers? officer | | N coccee oocso a nn 33 -_ $85398282883539858383853882835S28"3 coceceee ew $s wan Ss ¢ a a eI DOUUAD oo oo ° eeu SSSSESsssesss — S — —NeeUd us SEssse coces oooccs ces oos6 -— —ORACU SRW $6, 5, $, 4, 4, 4 4, 4, 3, 3 | 3 3, 3 3 2 2 2, 2, 2 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 1 1 1, ; 3, 1, 1, oc oo ee ee eee NNN NNN NNN WWowww et ee eS SSSsssss SSEZSSsessssssss 235 SSs 500 to Below $500 th eg | m6): 4 12 eae / 53 Be Below a a Be | Below | $3 ,565 Sie | $500 $1,533) $1,573 $1,150, $50 Read table as follows: Out of 413 superintendents of schools in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population for which data were reported, 6 receive a salary of $6.000 or over, 6 receive a salary of between $5,500 and $5,999, etc. The median salary oe superintendents of schools in cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population is $3,565. Similarly read figures for other groups of officers. The medians given in this table are figured according to the method described on page 170. The blank form used in collecting these data is reproduced on page 222. In some cases an officer whose salary is tabulated in a particular column also has to do with the administration of more functions than the one listed in the heading under which his salary is tabulated. It is impractical to include footnotes necessary to designate such combinations of functions. Detailed annotations covering such combinations of administrative authority in one official are given in the sets of salary tabula- tions referred to on page 226. 1 The salaries listed in column 2 are the salaries paid the chief administrative officer of the school system no matter what his title is. In many cities of this size this officer is designated as a supervising principal rather than as a superintendent schools. 2 Salaries reported paid administrative officers other than those listed in previous columns are given in column 12. § Salaries reported in column 13 are for assistants of the various chief administrative officers listed in columns 3 to 12 4 Excludes all officers whose salaries were reported paid on a monthly or daily basis. [218] StS I$ OSZ I$) SZZ7'1 Lz ¢8199 -qyo A10S81A -Jedns snoou -BI]a9 SIN diys -ubu -uad -jodns 40 $10} -delIg JO S1OSIA igaopue 00s Z$ $| €c€ I$, OOF ost I$) FIS I$ OS8 I$ OOF ITS OS€ I$ OSI‘ I$ OOS’ I$ O0Z'IS uBIpeA I$ > € Isl oo! bP Pil tI tI 9 : 8 b [B30 O0OS$ MOleg 2 OOS 0+ 009 YY OOL 008 006 000 oo! 007 OOt OOF 00s * 009 00L* 008° 006° * 000° oot’ 007° oos OOF zSJOSIA -iedns 10 $10}991 -Ip jue -}sISsy 2SJOSIA -ijadns 10 $10}901 -Ip jue -}sIssy pSJOSIA -Jedns 10 $10} ~d9011G {SJOSIA -ijedns sesso uo} §=|s[ooyIs |s[ooy os |sjooy4 ss -eziued |ZulusAe| YsIY yay |ajerpew) Alew |-lepury -delIq |joSiosiA| our0y |[enuUeU [erO!} | -leuTYy JoSJOSIA|JoSiosIA| Jorunf | -J9}uI -tuud = |jo Si0s1a -Jodns |JOSIJOSIA|JOSJOSIA) -B90A |JoSJOSIA| -Jodns | -Jodns |JoS1OSIA|JOS10SI4|JoSJOSIA| -iodns JO $10} | -iodns | -Jodns josiosi4| -1adns | Jo $10} | 10 $10} | -1edns | -sedns | -iedns | 10 $10} ~IalIg -IelIq | JO $10} | JO $10} | -Jedns | JO $10} | -901IGq | -997Iq | 10 $10} | 10 810} | 10 $10} | -9elIG | uoleonpe -IelIG | -9elIG | JO $10} | -9e1IG -de8lIq | -90lIGg | -Ie1IG | jests4qd “391 | | soimou 40 $10} qi ee4 -099 -ulet} 2u1 uoly -eonpe sopel3 | sopei3 | uejie2 118 JO S1OSIA -iadns 10 $10} pred seeleg SHOSIAAAdNAS T€6T-Of61 NI ‘NOILVINdOd NI 000‘S OL 00S‘ SHILIO OFF NI INVLSISSV GNV ‘SHOSIAWAdNS ‘SHOLOAAIG LNVLSISSV ‘SHOLOAUIG GIVd SAIAVTVS JO NOILOGIMLSIG— 19 ATAVL Form Used in Collecting Salary Data On this and the three subsequent pages are from cities 2,500 to 30,000 in popular reproduced the form sent in September, 1930, Pages three and four of the blank sent to t by the National Education Association to Su- group of cities are similar to the ones re; perintendents of Schools in cities over 30,000 duced on pages 222 and 223, except that in population. page four the salary schedule data are collect On pages 224 and 225 are reproduced pages for the same pe as given on page one of t one and two of the form used in collecting data form sent cities 2,500 to 30,000 in populat FORM SENT TO CITIES OVER 30,000 IN POPULATION NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET WASHINGTON, D. C. State. _. Name of Officer Reporting pe A Position of Officer Reporting PART I. SALARIES PAID, 1930-31 DIRECTIONS: Please include with your reply 2 copies of the printed or mimeographed salary schedule now in effect in your cit In answering this inquiry give figures ONLY for individuals employed for FULL TIME. Read notes (a) to (k) at foot of this page BEFORE filling out this :ecticn. Give the number of teachers whose salaries fall in each of the salary groups indicate 4 below {| G'¥« the aumber of rt g whose sslaries fall in each of ¢ salary ups mdi ented telow OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES ' j Elementary Salary Groups . | Juaies higd All salaries should be in » ool terms of yearly saiary 4 | ane » j | grades 7 Clerk | and 8, or 7, |} S office | Band 9, High schoo!) gaat ame School | ch | clerks in | adminis jwhen main- i .| department | or continua- aurses. . ft . | principals’ tive a | tained as a heads [tion schools.| See note $ at § offices per separate . See note (g) below i ficer school or- | (f) below j) below ganization. See note (d) below |} | ei — Below $1000 1000-1099 1100-1199... 3100-3199 3200-3200. ............. 3300-3399... . ya to k columa 2 include regular kindergarten teachers im full charge of a kindergarten room. If kindergarten teachers teach a section of the first grade im addit: them in this column. elementery teachers rated as assistant or vice-principals who devote more than half time to clas e than half time to children who attend part time only. cotuma 10 Jat EF ‘edividus © achasuse ates year basis. Do not include bead janitor on this page (See line 9 on prec offices for clerical duty. principals’ 41-— clerks, ete., employed in these offices. Do not include secretary to the superintendent or secret 11) [ 220] PART I. SALARIES PAID, 1930-31—Continued RECTIONS: Read notes at foot of this page before filling out this secti In answering this inquiry give figures ONLY for individuals employed for FULL TIME A Give the number of principals whose sa JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS PRINCIPALS (a ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Salary i PRINCIPALS (a Groups salaries should be in Supervising ms of yearly salary. | Assistantor| Teaching | elementary vice-pria elementary principals cipals of principals those giving elementary |(those doing! full time to schools. some regu- | administra See note (larclassroon| tion and b) below teaching supervision Deans in junior high schools ee note (b) below 2 3 4 10-1399 0-1499 00-1599 900-1699 700-1799 1800-1899 200-1999 2000-2099 10-2199 300-2899 200-2999 10-3099 30-3199 10-3399 400-3599 10-3799 | 3800-3999 4000-4199 10-4399 )0- 4599 4900-4799 4809-4999 100-5499 5500-5999 10-6499 500-6999 90-7499 at e saine a) When 50 percent or more of the cases in any one v smas 2 to 13 : . I 2 and sux of these fai ury received by each of these individuals © example: If ther ght cases reported in sit persons should be reported in a footnote In this column inctude only assistant v principals ns, etc., who devote pa» or more to administrative Ia this column include principals of schools for employed childrea who attend pert tic 5 PART I.—SALARIES PAID, 1930-31—Continued Administrative and Supervisory Officers 1930-31 DIRECTIONS: Do not include any individual in this list who has been included in the tabulation on pages | Do not include any official more than once. - Read notes a, b, and c on this page carefully before filling out this section. When this tabulation is completed it should give a complete picture of the salaries paid all ful administrative and supervisory officers (Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors, A Supervisors, etc.) connected with the central office. ‘ OFFICERS 1. SUPERINTENDENT niinineet 2. SECRETARY TO THE SUPERINTENDENT 3. ASSOCIATE, ASST. OR DEPUTY SUPTS. 4. BUSINESS MANAGERS................. S. SECRETARY OF BOARD OF EDUCATION 6. SUPTS. OF BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS. 7. CHIEF ATTENDANCE OFFICER... 9. HEAD JANITOR...... Number Employed (See note (b) below) 1 ACTUAL ANNUAL SALARIES PAID (Include Full-Time Officers only) (Also see note (c) below) DIRECTORS, ASSISTANT DIRECTORS OR SUPER- 10. RESEARCH, TESTS, AND MEASUREMENTS 11, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ._. 12, PHYSICAL EDUCATION...................... 14. CONTINUATION SCHOOLS. .... 1S, EVENING SCHOOLS.............. 16. AMERICANIZATION CLASSES. ... 18, MUSIC......... sucwonceensnstesssasoouoresece “ 20, MANUAL TRAINING OR INDUSTRIAL ARTS 21, HOME ECONOMICS. 22. KINDERGARTEN................. 23, PRIMARY GRADES...................-..... . 24. INTERMEDIATE AND GRAMMAR GRADES. 25. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL..................-.-... 26. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL......._.. LT osc Notes: (a) If any administrative or supervisory officers employed in your system are not listed in column 1, please write ti proper titles in the spaces provided beginning with number “27” and give salaries as requested. (b) In column 2 indicate the total NUMBER of officers employed under the general designation indicated in column 1. . (c) In columns 3 to 11 list separately the yearly salary for each of the persons included in the figure given in column example, if column 2 indicates that five Associate and Assistant Superintendents are employed, the five salaries to be received by t five officers should be indicated separately in columns 3 to 7, inclusive. Or if there are four Directors or Assistant Directors ex ployed who are responsible for research, tests and measurements, four salaries should be given in column 3 to 6, inclusive. 13] RECTIONS: If in data requested in in “Schedule A” By “single cslery eche elementa ior fessional training.) PART Il. SALARY SC HE DU LE. your city school system has adopted a “sing below. Citi blank “Schedule B” and leave “Sel hedule B” dule” is meant: a schedule w pa me or senior high sch 1 whict SCHEDULE SALARY SCHEDULE PROVISIONS See note (b) below | MINIMUM | Women ALARY Men CLASSROOM TEACHERS ementary teachers Regular kinder- garten teachers and where separate junior high ee p when main schools are not mcin tained grades 7 and 8 also ained a8 a ANNUAL Women NCREASES Men NUMBER OF | Women NCREASES Men MAXIMUM Women SALARY Men UPER Women M AXIMUM Men OTHE SCHOO! SALARY SCHEDULE PROVISIONS See note (b) below) -MINIMUM SALARY Men JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOI PRINCIPALS a) and ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS See notes (a) and (c) be Assistant or vice-principals of elementary Deans in junior higt schools those giving li time to Med nistra tion and ANNUAL INCREASES Women Men NUMBER OF INCREASES Women Men MAXIMUM Womes SALARY Men Women Men PER MAXIMUM HIGH PRINCIPAI SCHEDULE To be filled in only by cities having a gle salary schedu Years of trainiag beyond high sc300! graduation TEACHERS Annual increases Minimum salary Amoua PRINCIPAI Annua Notes give minimum and m a) In filling out the above form leave aximum, et ONLY for g SCHOOI > and progress by specified yearly increases to a maxim b) When the schedule is the same for both w ) Where the minimum salary. max blank or on schedule enclosed with reply m salary FORM SENT TO CITIES 2,500 TO 30,000 IN POPULATION NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET WASHINGTON, D. C. Name of City. ..____ , . State _- Name of Officer Reporting Pgsition of Officer Reporting PART I. SALARIES PAID, 1930-31 DIRECTIONS: Please include with your reply 2 copies of the printed or mimeographed salary schedule n in effect in your city. In answering this inquiry give figures ONLY for individuals employed for FULL TIME Read notes (a) to (i) at foot of this page BEFORE filling out this section. Give the aumber of teachers whose salaries fall Give the number of employees whose salaries in each of the salary groups indicated below fall in each of the salary groups indicated below CLASSROOM TEACHERS OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEES Elementary ; , High school Salary Groups Jenior high | teachers— All salaries should be | 194 grades teachers — , . in terms of yearly grades 7 , Teachers in School salary and 8, or 7, ‘ab part-time or Schaol Attendance School clerks in 8 and 9, junior hig continuation nurses. officers. janitors. principals’ when main- schol is schools. See note See note offices. maintained, See note (e) below (g) below See note puree (d) below (b) below Clerks ades 9, 10, 11 and 12. See See note i (b) below +f. 4 0080-0000. ...........8...... 1100-1199 1300-1399 1400-1499 1500-1599... .... 1600-1699 1700-1799. . 1800-1899. 1900-1999 2100-2199. . 2200-2209 2300-23990... . 2400-2490 PR nnscennes otes: (a) In column 2 ae addition to regular elementary teachers, include kindergarten teachers, elementary teachers rated as assistant or vice-principals, and tea rooms, sub-normal! groups, open air classes, cardiac classes, etc. (b) In column 3 4 to regular junior high school teachers, include those rated as heads of departments and assistant or vice-principals in junior (e) In column 4 in addition to regular high school teachers, include those rated as heads of departments and assistant or vice-principals in high schools 1 teachers of eheste for employed children who attend part time only include head nurse in column 6 (See line 8 on page 3). officerin column 7 (See line 7 on page 3 include only regular, full-tume janitors employed i ndavigeally on the annual or school year basis. Do not include head janitor on this page regular, full-time clerks assigned to pals’ offices for clerical duty. regular, full-time stenogra eyolee, clerks, ete., employed in these offices. Do not include secretary to the superintence aphers, Education on this page (See lines 2 and 5 on page 3). 11] | 224] PART I. SALARIES PAID, 1930-31— Continued DIRECTIONS: Read notes at foot of this page before filling out this section In answering this inquiry give figures ONLY for individuals employed for FULL TIME mber of prin whose salaries fa each of the salary gr Salary PRINCIPALS Groups salaries should be in terms Teaching elementary Supe sing elementary of yearly salary. principals (those doing principals (those giving some regular tume to administra clas room teaching tion and supervision 3399 | 3400-3599 | 3600-3799. 3800-3090... | 4000-4199 | 4200-4399 | 4400-4599 | 4600-4799 (a) In this column inclade principals of schools for employed children. who attend part time only [2] See second paragraph on page 220 which explains pages 3 and 4 of this form ARES RESS IES eee SS eset Salary Tabulations, 1930-31 The tables of this Bulletin present in sum- marized form the data given in detail in the 1930-31 Salary Tabulations listed on the op- posite page. ‘l hese tabulations are based on replies from 1632 school systems in cities over 2500 in population, which reported using the forms reproduced on pages 220 to 225. A few additional cities reported, but their replies were received too late, or else were too incomplete to be included in the tabulations. In tabulating the replies, the city school sys- tems were grouped in five population groups. The total number of cities in each population group, and the number and percent replying are shown in the accompanying table. | Number of city | Number | school systems of city Per- | Population groups | grouped accord- school cent ing to 1930 systems | reply- Census replying ing Over 100,000...... 93 88 94.6 30,000 to 100,000. . 224 204 91.1 10,000 to 30,000... 663 449 67.7 5,000 to 10,000.. 886 451 50.9 2,500 to 5,000.. 1467 440 30.0 | , 0 ae 3333 1632 49.0 The table indicates that 49 percent of the school systems in cities over 2500 in population reported. A larger percent of the teachers in city school systems are included in the tabula- tions, however, since the replies from cities in the higher population groups were much more general. It is estimated that approximately 80 percent of all teachers in cities above 2500 in population are included in the tabulations. For most purposes the summary tables of this Bulletin will be sufficient. Superintend- ents of schools, salary committees, and others desiring detailed figures by individual cities should order the appropriate sets of Salary Tabulations from the list given on the opposite page. These Salary Tabulations reveal detailed information which cannot be included in sum- mary tables such as those of this Bulletin. The following items are given for each group of school employees in each city: (1) median sal- aries paid in 1927, 1929 and 1931; (2) min- imum salaries, maximum salary, and number of increments provided by salary schedule of 1930-31; (3) number of employees reported ; and (4) distribution of salaries paid. ‘The Salary Tabulations also reveal the extent to which the median salary of each group is af- fected by the relatively large number of teach- ers reported from cities such as New York and Chicago, and similar information not disclosed by the tables of this Bulletin. Table 2 of this Bulletin gives the table affecting elemen- tary school teachers ; one of the groups included in Tabulations I-A. Salary Tabulations for 1928-29, similar to those listed on the opposite page for 1930-31, are still available and may be obtained by those wishing to compare the salary situation in a particular city in 1928-29 and 1930-31. Those conducting salary investigations should also consult the following previous issues of the Re- search Bulletin: Public School Salaries in 1924-1925. Vol. 111, Nos. 1 and 2, January and March, 1925. 72 pp. Price per copy, 50 cents. Salaries in City School Systems, 1926-1927. Vol. 5, No. 2, March, 1927. 64 pp. Price per copy, 25 cents. The Scheduling of Teachers’ Salaries. Vol. 5, No. 3, May, 1927. 64 pp. Price per copy, 25 cents. Practices Affecting Teacher Personnel. Vol. 6, No. 4, September, 1928. 52 pp. Price per copy, 25 cents. Salary Scales in City School Systems, 1928-9. Vol 7, No. 3, May, 1929. 68 pp. Price per copy, 25 cents. The salary information service of the Re- search Division of the National Education Association is equipped to furnish much of the information needed by those conducting sal- ary studies. For advice as to further sources of information address the Research Division of the National Education Association. [ 226 ] _ Order Blank for Salary Tabulations 1930-31 % Research Division National Education Association 1201 Sixteenth Street, N. W. Washing:on, D. C. Kindly send to the following address the special preliminary salary tabulations fos ? . . 1930-31 for the groups checked below. Check, money order or cash to the amount of Be accustes _. is inclosed herewith. ae pion Official Position Address___________- __City a State Tabulations I-A. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Othe: School Employees, 1930-31, Cities over 100,000 in Population. $5.00* _ ‘abulations II-A. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Othe: School Employees, 1930-31, Cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in Population. $5.00* y = ‘abulations III-A. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Othe: School Employees, 1930-31, Cities from 10,000 to 30,000 in Population. $5.00* ) -_— “abulations 1V—A. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Othe: School Employees, 1930-31, Cities from 5,000 to 10,000 in Population. $5.00** ’ _ abulations V—A. Salaries Paid Teachers, Principals and Certain Other School Employees, 1930-31, Cities from 2,500 to 5,000 in Population. $5.00** ‘abulations I-B. Salaries Paid Administrative and Supervisory Officers, 1930-31, Cities over 100,000 in Population. $5.00* f ‘abulations II-B. Salaries Paid Administrative and Supervisory Office: 1930-31, Cities from 30,000 to 100,000 in Population. $5.00* _ Tabulations III-B. Salaries Paid Administrative and Supervisory Officers, 1930-31, Cities from 10,000 to 30,000 in Population. $5.00** Tabulations 1V—B. Salaries Paid Administrative and Supervisory Officers, 1930-31, Cities from 5,000 to 10,000 in Population. $5.00*** Tabulations V—B. Salaries Paid Administrative and Supervisory Officers, 1930-31, Cities from 2,500 to 5,000 in Population. $5.00*** * Available about July 1, 1931 ** Available about September 1, 1931 *** Available about October 1, 1931. 07 eel Gie™ MON JUSTICE de- mands that income reduc- (3 tions should not be exacted from those least able to bear the loss. Teaching has always been an under- paid profession. Increases in teach- ers’ salaries have always been ac- companied by higher standards of preparation, requiring large invest- ments of time and money in pro- fessional education. ‘The quality of teaching largely determines the fu- ture of childhood. Teaching is already at an economic disadvantage; to in- crease that disadvantage is to strike the schools at their most vulnerable point and to weaken the one insti- tution which can contribute most to the recovery of prosperity. —S7aze- ment issued by the Officers of the Nat- tonal Education Association, and its nineteen Departments, Feb. I, 1931. | | 3 | . |