i i Research Bulletin OF THE National Education Association VOLUME VII January to November, 1929 The Research Bulletin is issued by the » a secti of the headquarters staff of the National Education ssociation This division was created in February, 1922, for the purpose f conducting scientific studies of special intertést to members eaching profession Bulletin One was issued by the Research Divi June, 1922, and Bulletin Two in November, 1922.. The first numb of the Resear: Bulletin is Volume I, No. 1, January, 1923, er s on State Edu cational Needs. With Vol I, No. 1, the Re tin became a regular publication, issued five times each ! 7 March, May September and November. The Research Bullet composing Volume 1 ’ I, II, II, IV, V, VI, and VII are listed RESEARCH DIVISION THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES 1201 Sixteenth Street Northwest, Washington, D. C. 1929 1 An OR Ra a9 <5 Sc a Ag Ain Ala Am afi Am Ap| Ari Art —MNte Y CARR O as Art Ass Ass Atte Aty; Aut Ave Aye Bal Balk Bar: Bibl sani ete te 7 sft @ Achievement, Student, studying, 340 Achievement test, for principal's knowledge of pupils, 303. Adjustment, curriculum and methods to dull pupil, 188; cur- riculum to pupils of superior ability, 187; health building, for, 56; principal and pupil, 346; pupil diagnosis and, 339; pupil, following up, 345. Administration, bibliography on county unit of school support, 35: individual differences, 68. Administrative officers, salaries, 149, 153, 158, 162 Adult education, ability of adults to learn, 90; Children's Bureau, 92; comprehensiveness of, 90; defined, 90; parent education, 90; selected references on, 94; studies of adult learning, 90. See also, Parenthood education. Age-grade distribution, to help principals know the pupils, 301. Aims in education. See, Education, aims and objectives. Alabama, course of study, quoted, 230. Algebra, simplification of high-school, 214. American Historical Association, History Curricula Inquiry cited, 212. American Library Association, and adult education, 92. Apportionment of school funds, bibliography on apportion- ment of state aid to schools, 29-34. Arithmetic, answers to mixed fundamental test in, 341. Art education, books helpful in building high-school courses, 245: creative expression versus imitation, 237; elementary grades, 238; high school, 236; junior high school, 238; methods suggested for teaching appreciation, 237; objectives, 236; principles, 238. Articulation, English courses, 203; high schools, with elementary schools, 203; junior high school with senior high school mathematics courses, 217. Assignments, Lesson, avoid involved for dull pupils, 189. Assistant principals, salaries, 112, 115, 120, 123. Attendance, high schools, who attended in 1890 contrasted with 1929, 180-1; illness, affected by, 52. Atypical children, criminality caused by when neglected, 64. Automobiles, cost of compared with schools, 16; percent school expenditures in states is of, 17. Averill, Lawrence A., quoted, 51. Ayer, Fred C., quoted, 284. Baldwin, Bird T., quoted, 184. Baldwin, Lee. quoted, 210. Barr, A. S., quoted, 284, 320, 325. Bibliography, adult education, 94; apportionment of state aid to public schools, 29; character education, 82; classroom visits by the principal, 318; demonstration teaching, 338; financial aspects of certain administrative problems—county unit of school support, 35, state regulation of teachers’ salaries, 36, of state teacher retirement systems, 37, state school budgeting, 38, sources of information on economic resources and school costs, 39; health education, selected references for, 57; indi- vidual conferences, 324; individual differences, 73; mental hygiene for children, 65; parenthood education, 94; preschool education, 88; principal in a program of supervision, 286; pupil diagnosis and adjustment, 346; revenues, state, for public education, 24; teachers’ meetings, 330; supervision, background for, 307; supervision, general problems in, 295. Biology, kinds of information public gets from newspapers, 220. Bookkeeping. See, Commercial education. Booklists, art education in high school, 245; commercial edu- cation, 246; educational problems, 100; English courses in high school, 247; foreign languages, modern, 253; health and physical education courses, 248; health education, 95; high- school curriculum problems, 243; high-school subjects, 244; home economics courses in high school, 249-50; industrial arts courses, 250; Latin in high school, 251; mathematics, 252; music courses in high school, 254; preschool education, 98; progressive education, 100; science, 255; social studies, 256. Boston, 1927 report of Superintendent of Schools quoted, 192. Buckingham, B. R., quoted, 212, 244. Buildings, construction, cost of compared with state’s annual bills for schools and life insurance, 15; school costs and pay- ments for, 14; state investment in compared with life insur- ance and public education, 10. Building designs and plans, principals’ cooperation in develop- ment of from health standpoint, 56. Building inspecticn, principals’ duty from standpoint of health, 56. Bureau of Education, adult education, 92. Burton, W. H., quoted, 216, 221. INDEX TO VOLUME VII [ iii J Case studies, characteristics, essential of, 343 vidual case history, 344; technic of, 343 Chamber of Commerce, and the prim 1, 208 Character education, activities, 78; books 9 istics of in classroom procedure, 78; conts f 75; definition, 76; direct method of teaching c: s ) elementary school principal, 80; emphasis by s 5 formal and routine, 77; habits of work, 78; how 77; how test effectiveness of, 80; inductive me principles of teaching ideals, 78; pro 6 blems, other pr 75; selected references, 82; t W in regard to, 80. Charters, W. W., quoted, 78. Chemistry, distribution of emphasis 0 in, 221, Children, mental health, 60; superior, normal or limited, 184; traits for understanding, 344 Children’s Bureau, adult education, 92; quote Citizenship, activities and traits of goo problems of, 205. City schools, parenthood education, 91 Classrooms, demonstration lessons in, 333; invent 305. Classroom procedures. See, Classroom visits, 309; frequency Routine procedures, classroom ind length of 309: leneth in minutes of by supervising principals, 310; notat f 311; number of per week by supervising principals, 310 planning for, 311; principal and, 318; scheduling of, 310 teachers, do they want them?, 309; types of by principal, 309 Clerical workers, salaries, 119, 126, 133, 134, 139, 14 Cleveland, OUhio, differentiated courses of study in, 191 parenthood education classes, 92. Clinics, child, elementary principal school should encourage establishment of for preschool children, 8 parent edu cation, 91. Cody, Frank, quoted, 196. Colleges and universities, overlapping of hig! hool irses in chemistry and physics, 220; principal and, 298 College Entrance Board of the New England and Atlantic States, study cited, 220 Commercial education, booklist, 246; curriculum of determine by community survey, 225; helps from a survey of loca t handwriting Middle occupations, 224; high-school, 222; quality needed for clerical workers, 227; research improvement for stenography, 228; retail store training classes, 226; short 224; special me survey of hand, typewriting, and bookkeeping, semester courses in junior business practice, 226 in Minnesota, 226 Commission on the Curriculum, education, 75 Committee on Mathematical Requirements, National, report cited, 213. Committee on the Problem of Mathematics in Secondary Edu- cation, « ited, 215. Committee on the Status of Economics and Sociology in Senior High Schools in the United States, report cited, 211 attention of to character Communicable diseases, occurring among children under 10, 52. Conferences, bibliography, 324; extensive use of, 320; fact finding, 321; frequency and time of, 320; morale, 322; place to hold, 320; post-teaching, 321; preparing for, 322; pre teaching, 321; principal and, 324; principal with teacher in relation to supervision, *320; procedures, 323; time of as reported by supervising principals, 321; types of, 321 Correlation, of different phases of development, 184 Costs and expenditures, bibliography on sources of inf tion on economic resources and sts, 39: building construction, 14; eight facts concerning, 5; elementary and rma- S« he vol « secondary schools, 9; higher education, 9; investment in schools, annual, 6; investment rather than a loss, 6; luxuries and schools compared, 14; need for clear thir g concern- ing, 6; percent of income expended for schools, 11; percent school costs in states is of costs for autos, 17; per t school costs in states is of cost of luxuries, 22; percent s 1 costs in the states is of total tax collections, 23; percent value of school property is of all property in the sta and atitomobiles, 14; schools, life insurance nd buildings compared, 15; states’ compared with other vernmental costs, 20; states’, for mental hospitals, 59; states r schools and automobiles, 16; state school costs and ir me, 8: state school in 1926, 9; tax collections and school costs the U.S j ; if ' 14; valtte of school property, wealth, and savings dep« states, 12 Counseling systems, for dull pupils, 190. ; ; objectives, 202; relation between the literature and compo- just County supervisors, Public school, demonstration lessons, 337. sition of a grade, 204; teaching of, cooperation of all members 50 Counts, George S., quoted, 217. of the staff in, 201; words used most frequently in, 195. Course of study, differentiated, 190; differentiated curriculums, Enrolment, of high schools, 1890, 180; of high schools, 1929, 181 trends in the development of, 182; differentiation of, 186; Environment, may disturb integration of personality in chil- e differentiated for dull pupils, 188; differentiated for pupils dren, 61. ae of superior ability, 187; high school, published since 1920, _ Extracurriculum activities, for character education. 78. , 259; home economics, number of different topics in one or hundred, 230; home economics, problems in selection, 231; Failure, must not become a habit, 184. tegr industrial arts, 234; Lansing, Mich., quoted, 224; mathe- Federal census, for knowledge of the home, 301. — matics courses, 213; Minnesota State, quoted, 223; Missouri Finance, home and family relationship, 229. : State, cited, 237; parenthood and homemaking, 232; Pitts- Fire department, and the principal, 398. nfort burgh seventh, eighth, and ninth-grade mathematics, 216; Foreign languages, modern, college and high school, number ae “scientific” versus ‘“guessing’’ method in selecting content, of students of, 197; conditions which make study of re cetell 205; secondary schools, 258. successful in Europe than in this country, 198; enro Inter Courtis, S. A., quoted, 74. in classes, 196; methods of teaching, 198; percent enro nt 1] Cubberley, E. P., quoted, 204, 228. in classes of is of total, 196; reading of, 197; research i: tavet Curriculums, art education in the high school, 236; books on, 195; testing for achievement in, 199; use after graduation, 197; ” 308 243; building of for pupils of different levels of ability, 182; what effect has the age of a beginning student on his rate bulletins, local, 195; character education, 75; characteristics of learning?, 198; years a student may “take” with profit of good, 227; commercial, 223; commercial expanding, 222; 199, . Janit commercial, grades in which to specialize, 227; commercial, Freeman, Frank N., quoted, 60, 235. Judd subjects to be offered determined by a community survey; joe 225; content, variations in of particular subjects to meet Geometry, changes in high-school, 214. 373 individual differences, 183; differentiated, 182; differentiated Gesell, Arnold, quoted, 89. i ‘ courses of study, 190; differentiation of high school, 182, Gifted children. See Mentally superior. a economic changes and, 177; evolution of, 194; grade place- Givens, Willard E., quoted, 196. } M4 ment of materials in the social studies, 209; health education, Goddard, Henry Herbert, quoted, 186. i 239; high school, books dealing with problems, 243; high Gosling, Thomas W., quoted, 181. » Kin school of 1890 contrasted with 1929, 180; high school courses Gregg, F. M., quoted, 79. 8 of study published since 1920, 259; home economics in second- Kyte ary school, 229° how viewpoints of have shifted in past Handwriting, quality needed for clerical workers, 227. 25 years, 182; individual differences, 183; industrial arts in Health, defects of the skeleton, 53; gifted children generally , the high school, 233; Latin, 200; music in high school, 235; superior in, 70; habits aided by knowledge of bodily func- = new Content, 183; overlapping between high school and col- tions, 240; measurement of behavior, 240; nutrition and mal- pe lege courses in chemistry and physics, 220; principal and, nutrition, 53; percent of physical rejections in the first draft, - 298; pupil adjustment and, 344; revision and the principal, 51; physical efficiency and the school, 51; physical ineffi- r 299; science, 219; social sciences, 205; state authority in, ciency, prevalence of, 51; programs improved within the : 298; Winnetka schools, 69. next. decade, 242; problem of common physical defects, 52 a Dalton plan, for individual differences, 68. speech defects, 54. , Lib Health and physical education, books helpful in building high- school courses, 248; courses in, content of, 240; goals, 239; trends in, 239. Health education, booklist, 95; all departments in secondary school should contribute to, 240; selected references, 57 Health programs, experimental studies in, 56; principal and, 55. High schools, art education in, 236; articulation of with ele- mentary schools, 203; changes in from 1890 to 1929, 180; child development and parental education courses in, 231; commercial courses in should train for future jobs, 223; Demonstration teaching, 332; bibliography, 342; Detroit, 334; do teachers want?, 334; elementary school principal, 337; outside of classroom, 334; principles, basic, 334; purposes of, 333; rural schools, 336; schools, 335; supervisory device, 334; supervisory visits should follow, 334; types of, 333. Denver, Colo., differentiated courses of study in, 190. Department of Superintendence, Sixth Yearbook quoted, 58, 227. Detroit, check list in reading, 336; demonstration lessons in, 334; study of different kinds of instruction being made in, 70. alm ee rep ale et ee | “ Ee ¢ eco. Dewey, John, quoted, 177. commercial education, 222; curriculum studies in social M Diagnosis pupil achievement studying individual, 340; sciences, 205; economics and sociology in, 211; industrial M adjustment, 339; bibliography, $46; case study cochnle, arts in, 233; literary appreciation in, 204; music instruction M 343; group improvement from tests, 339; individual differ- in, 235; place in the shifting American scene, a79% — M ences, 239; personal interview, 344; standard tests, 342; us- made by, 179; salaries of deans, 112, 115, 120, 123; salaries ing survey test results, 340. of department heads, 112, 115, 120, 123; salaries of principals, Discoveries, list of significant since 1890, 177. 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146; Drill, should be provided for dull pupils, 189. salaries of teachers, 112, 114, 115, 120, 121, 122, 123, 129, r : Dull children, how shall course of study and method be pomeroy peut gs ae a 70, 71, 186 i . , ” * ’ ’ ° differentiated for, 188; mental traits of, 185. Home economics, books helpful in building high-school courses, 3 Economic surveys, for knowledge of the home, 301. 249; content of courses, 230; courses, bases of selection of 4 Economics, teaching of in the senior high school, 211. content of, 231; courses, problems in selection of content of, : Education, expenditures for, 6; for a changing civilization, 231; courses of study, topics in, 230; president of American 177; health and physical, certain trends in, 239; high-school Association quoted, 229; secondary school and, 229. Hi commercial, 222. Homogeneous grouping, individual differences, 68; Salt Lake h Education, aims and objectives, English, 202; health and phys- City, 69; weaknesses of, 69. ical, 239; industrial arts, 233; Latin, 200; mathematics, 213. Hoover, Herbert, quoted, 6, 7, 44. \ h Educational opportunity, related to differences in wealth and Hospital, facilities for correction of defects among school i income, 7. children, 53. Education and the states. See, States, the, and education. : Educational problems, booklist, 100. Income and receipts, annual national, 6; bibliography on state I Elective plan, for meeting individual differences, 183. Elementary schools, adult education, 93; amount expended for, 9; art education in, 238; health building, establishment of special agencies in for, 56; health problems, needs of prin- cipal in meeting, 55; mental hygiene, what it means for, 62; preschool education, meaning of for, 87; salaries of principals, revenues for public education, 24; percent of states’ expended for public echools, 11; state school in 1926, 9. Individual differences, booklist, 97; existence of, 67; homoge- neous grouping ,68; individual instruction for, 69; percent ; of unselected children in the different intelligence quotient F ] groups, 67; principal, what they mean for him, 71; pupil 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146. diagnosis and, 339; reading, provision for, 335; readjustment ‘a See also, Principals, elementary schools, 55. of the school for, 67; selected references, 73; six ways in which ] Engelhardt, N. L., quoted, 202. children differ, 184. j English, books helpful in building high-school courses, 247; Individual instruction, advantages of, 69; disadvantages of, 69; content of courses in high school, 202; courses in adapted to for character, 79; for individual differences, 69; how instruct r different groups, 203; graduation requirements in, 201; Liv] en masse and still individualize, 192. ompo- mbers 5, 9,181. 1 chil- mber more ment ment h in, ,197; rate rofit, ron Industrial arts, books helpful in building high-s« hool courses, 59: education defined, 233; determination of content of : urses, 234; high school, 233; objectives of in junior and senior high schools, 233. ; Injuries, student, of children 6 to 16 from March to December, 1923, 54. Insurance, life, cost of in states compared with annual bills for schools and buildings, 15. Integration, causes for difficulty of in childhood, 61; personality, 60; personal traits never completely integrated, 61; variation between persons in personality, 60. Informal test, to help principal know pupils, 304. Instruction, standards for measuring, 314. Intelligence tests, for principal's knowledge of pupils, 303 Interview, boys and principal, 345; personal, of principal with pupil, 304; principals with parents, 300; pupil diagnosis, 344, Inventory, annual for principal's knowledge of school plant, 306; form for a single classroom, 306. < Janitors, principal and, 306; scorecard for janitorial service, 307. Judd, Charles H., quoted, 50. Junior high school, commercial education, 223; general shop method in, 234; industrial arts objectives in, 233; salaries of principals, 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146; salaries of teachers, 112, 114, 115, 120, 121, 122, 123, 129, 130, 135, 136, 141, 142. Kindergarten education, growth of since 1880, 85; informal, 85: movement in the U. S., 84. Kyte, George C., study cited, 228. Languages, Modern foreign. See, Foreign languages. Languages, pupils errors in diagnostic test in, 342. Latin, books helpful in building high-school courses, 251; number of high-school students taking, 199; objectives, 200; research in high-school, 199; what should be included in high-school, 200; who should study, 201; teaching of, most effective methods in, 200; teaching of, valid aims in, 200. Libraries, public, and the principal, 297. Life insurance, state investment in compared with building construction and public education, 10. Lincoln, Nebr., differentiated courses of study in, 191. Literature, English, appreciation of in senior high school, 204; composition and, 204. Los Angeles, Calif., differentiated courses of study in, 192. Luxuries, percent school costs in states is of cost of luxuries, 22; school costs and, 14; states’ annual bill for certain, 18, 22. Malnutrition, 53. Maryland School Bulletin, quoted, 212, 225. Maryland State Department of Education, quoted, 228 Mathematics, adjustment of junior high-school with senior high-school courses, 217; applied problems, 215; books helpful in building high-school courses, 252; calculus, intro- duction as a high-school subject, 215; Corimittee on the Problem of, in Secondary Education, cited, 215; courses in, recent omissions and additions to, 213; differentiation of courses for different levels of ability, 217; geometry, changes in, 214; graphs,emphasis on meaning of, 214; National Council of Teachers of, Fourth Yearbook cited, 214; objectives, 213; Pittsburgh seventh, eighth, and ninth grade courses, 216; simplification of algebra, 214; suggested content for course in grades 7-9, 215; trigonometry, numerical, 214. Mental age, to be considered in making academic assign- ments, 189. Mental health, amount expended for mental diseases in 1922, 59; children and, 59; difficulties in bringing personal traits of children into proper state of, 61; disorders, mental, 61; principal and, 59. Mental hygiene, booklist, 96; case histories, children, 62, 64; elementary school and, 62; nursery school and, 86; practices useful for solving problems of, 64; principals’ duty in solving problems of, 63; secondary school and, 240; selected refer- ences, 65; speech defects and, 54. Mentally deficient, comparison of gifted, ordinary, and duil children, 70. Mentally superior, caring for the gifted child, 70; comparison of with ordinary and dull children, 70; differentiation of course of study for, 187; greater proportion of, in children of English, Scotch, and Jewish parentage, 71; individual intelligence test best means of selecting, 71; means of caring for in school, 71; mental traits of, 185; special training for, 186; types of provision for by city size, 71 superior h¢ Missouri, illust state course of study, 237 Modern foreign languages. See Forei Moeller, H. C., quoted, 228 Monroe, Walter S., quoted, 50. Morbidity, attendance and, 52; students, intes ers ality and, 61 Mortality, infant, me dren 6 to 16 from March to December preschool children in Detroit in 1921, 83 Museums, and the principal, 297 Music, appreciation, 236; books helpful in courses, 254; present status of instructi schools, 235; trends in high school, 235; v cational guidance in, 235. lical science reducing, 83: et , , 1923, 54 National Congress of Parents and Teachers, 92. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Fourth Y¢ book cited, 214. National Society for the Study of Education, Twenty Yearbook, quoted, 84; Twenty-sixth Yearbook, quote 194 Neumann, Henry, quoted, 78, 80. Newspapers, scientific knowledge needed for reading, 221 types of biological information for public through, 220 New Trier Township High School, one semester irse in « mercial equation, 226; pupils using Winnetka plan in, exceed quota in honor societies, 70. Northampton, cooperative nursery school, 91 Nurseries, day, 85. Nursery school, cooperative of Northampton, 91; kindergartetr how it differs from, 87; parenthood educat 91 reschoc education, relation to, 86 Nutrition, practice of schools in dealing wit! ndernouri ment, 53 Nutt, H. W., study cited, 228 Objectives, See, Education, aims and objectives Observation of teaching, form for, assembling teacher rati: 313; form for report on work of teacher, 313 See al monstration teaching. Organization, high school of 1890 contrasted with types of supervisory, 284 Other school employees, salaries of, 118, 119, 128, 133, 134 139, 140, 146, 147. 1929. 180 1 Parents, cooperation of essential to preschool education, 83 cooperation of essential for treating pupil m ijustment 64; education of for solution of health problems, 55; pr pal’s knowledge of, 300; scientific interests of eighth and ninth grade pupils and, 219. Parenthood education, adult education, a phase of, 90; agencies interested in, 92; booklist, 99; child clinics and, 91; child study groups, number of, 93; child study groups, organiza- tions promoting, 92; city school system and, 91; courses in high school, 231; elementary school and, 93; expectant mothers, classes for, 92; National Congress of Parents and Teachers, 92; nursery school and, 91; publications dealing with, 92; references on, 94. Pensions and retirement systems, bibliography on financial aspects of state, 37. Personality, integration of, 60. Physical education, high school subject directed, 241; objectives of, 241. Physical examinations, as a step in overcoming speech de- fects, 54. Physics, extent to which principles and elements of enter into lives of people, 219; social value of contents of present text- books, 219; teaching methods in, 221. Pickell, Frank G., quoted, 196. Pittsburgh, mathematics courses in seventh, eighth, grades, 216. Police department, and the principal, 297. Practice Teaching, rating scale for, 315. Preparation (recitation), reading, 336. Preschool children, data on, where it is secured, 84; clinics required, 241; mis- ind ninth for, 87; death rate of in Detroit, 1921, 83; experiments in fields of emotions and personality of, 84 irsery schools for, 87. Preschool education, agencies for, 88; books on, 98; child study, emphasis upon, 83; elementary school, meaning of, [v} 87; facts of, 84; kindergarten, $4; movements for, 83; nursery, day, 85; nursery school, 86; references for, 88; what it does, 88 Principals, adjustment of the school for health building, 56; bibliography on in a program of supervision, 286; bibli- ography on problems in general supervision, 295; character education, 80; classroom visits, 309; class visits, 318; curriculum, knowing the, 298; demonstration teach- ing, 332, health problems, 55; individual conferences and, 323; individual conferences in relation to supervision, 320; individual differences, 71; interviews with boys, 345; mental hygiene and, 63; parenthood education, 93; parents, knowing the, 300; preschool education, 87; pupil adjustment and, 346; pupil adjustment, following up, 345; pupils, know- ing the, 301; salaries of elementary, 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146; salaries, high school, 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146; salaries in junior high schools, 112, 116, 117, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146; superintendents, knowing the policies of, 299; supervision, general and specific steps in improving, 289; supervision, genera! problems, 288, 295; supervision, how.to proceed in a program of, 293; super- vision, knowing the school plant for effective, 305; super- vision, program of, 283; supervision, three types of in regard to, 281; supervision, types of, 190-91, supervisory technics, which to use, 295; supervisory visit, notes by during, 317; knowledge of teachers for effective supervision, 304; teachers’ meeting, 325, 329. Progress studies, to assist principal in knowing pupils, 301. Progressive education, books on, 100; organizations supplying material suitable for, 102. Promotional-failure status, for principal's knowledge of pupils, 303. Property, school, percent value of is of all property in the various states, 13; value of, 10; value of compared with wealth and savings deposits in the states, 12. Pupils, commercial courses in high school should train for future jobs, 223; curriculum building for, of different levels of ability, 182; differentiation of course of study content for superior, 187; effective training of in scientific attitudes, 222; judging of by principal, 313; language test, errors in, 238; mental traits of dull, 185; mental traits of gifted, 185; principal's knowledge of, 301; special training, shall both dull and gifted receive it?, 185. See also, Dull children. Publishers, list of names and addresses, 257. Questionnaires, salary data, form used in collecting, 164; to secure knowledge of the home, 301; to teachers about teachers meetings, 328. Rating scales, practice teaching, 315; sample of teacher, 314; teacher, self, 316. Reading, grade scores of second grade pupils, 339; individual differences in Detroit check list, 336; observation of lesson in, 312. Records, cumulative of principals, 300. Research, modern foreign languages, 195; Latin, 199; science, 218; secondary school subjects, 193; stenography, 228. Research Bulletin, National Education Association, quoted, 331, 337. Resources, human replacing, natural, 9. Retardation, students, caused by health defects, 55. Rural schools, demonstration teaching, 337. Salaries, bibliography on teachers, 36; data included in tabu- lations, 111, 112; form used in collecting data, 164; in cities 2500 to 5000 in population, 141, 162; in cities 5000 to 10,000 in population, 135, 159; in cities 10,000 to 30,000 in popula- tion, 128, 156; in cities 30,000 to 100,000, 120, 153; in cities over 100,000 in population, 115, 149; of 342,980 city school employees, 111. or Salaries, distribution, administrative officers, 149-63; ele- mentary school principals, 116, 124, 131, 137, 143; elementary school teachers, 112, 113, 116, 120, 124, 126, 129, 135, 141; high-school deans, 112, 120; high-school department heads, 112, 120; high-school principals, 116, 124, 131, 137, 143; high-school teachers, 112, 115, 120, 129, 135, 141; junior high- school principals, 116, 124, 131, 137, 143; junior high-school teachers, 112,115, 120, 129, 135, 141; kindergarten teachers, 112, 115, 120; other school employees, 118, 126, 133, 139, 146; special class teachers, 112, 115, 120; superintendents of schools, 149, 153, 158, 159, 160; supervisory officers, 150, 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 160, 161, 163. Salaries, maximum, elementary school principals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 144; elementary school teachers, 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; high-school principals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 144; high-school teachers, 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; junior high-school prin- cipals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 144; junior high-school! tea 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; kindergarten teachers, 114, 122 Salaries, median, administrative officers, 148, 153, 158 162; elementary school principals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 14 elementary school teachers, 115, 123, 130, 136, 142: } school deans, 115, 120, 123; high-school department he 115, 123; high-school teachers, 115, 121, 123, 130, 136, 14 junior high-school teachers, 115, 121, 123, 130, 136, 14 kindergarten teachers, 115, 120, 123; other school employ 119, 128, 134, 140, 147; special class teachers, 115, } high-school principals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 145, 146: ju high-school principals, 117, 125, 132, 138, 145, 146: super. intendents of schools, 148; supervisory officers, 150, 15) 154, 155, 156, 157, 160, 161, 163. Salaries, minimum, elementary school principals, 116, 124 131, 137, 144; elementary school teachers, 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; high-school principals, 116, 124, 131, 137, high-school teachers, 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; junior hig! school principals, 116, 124, 131, 137, 144; junior high-sc! teachers, 114, 122, 129, 135, 141; kindergarten teachers 114, 122. Savings, compared with value of school property and wealt in the states, 12; deposits compared with value of sch property, 10. School census, for knowledge of the home, 301. Secondary education, curriculum in social sciences, 205 English in, 202; place of in shifting American scene, 170 research in Latin, 199; then and now in, 180-1. See als: High schools. Secondary schools, home economics, 229; new courses for 258; research in subjects of, 193; vocational education and the, 234. See also, High schools. Taxation for education, percent of total taxes collected is spent on schools, 20; tax collections and school costsinthe U. S., 14. Tax collections, percent school costs in states is of total, 23 Teacher rating, 312; forms for, after observation, 313; principal and, 314; self-rating teacher ability card, 316. Teachers, health materials for, 56; salaries in cities 2500 to 5000, 141; salaries in cities 5000 to 10,000, 135; salaries in cities 10,000 to 30,000, 128; salaries in cities 30,000 to 100,000 120; salaries in cities over 100,000 in population, 111; sal- aries in elementary schools, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 120, 122, 123, 129, 130, 135, 136, 141, 142; salaries in high schools, 112, 114, 115, 120, 121, 122, 123, 129, 130, 135, 136, 141, 142; salaries in junior high schools, 112, 114, 115, 120, 121 122, 123, 129, 130, 135, 136, 141, 334. Teachers’ institutes, demonstration lessons at, 334. Teachers’ meetings, basic criteria for supervisory, 329, bibli- ography, 330; demonstration in, 327; demonstration lessons at, 334; material for, 328; practice and opinion regarding, 326; principals and, 329; project, 328; questionnaires to teachers about, 328; reading circle, 327; supervisory, 327; time for, 326; types of building, 326. Teaching, art education in the high school, 236; character education 75-82; demonstration, 332; English, 201; foreign languages, 198; health, 51; health and physical education, 239; home economics, 229; Latin, 200; mathematics, 213 mental hygiene, 59; music in high school, 235; rating scale for practice, 315; social sciences, 205. Teaching, methods and technic, art education, 237; chemistry and physics, 221; high schools of 1890 contrasted with, 1929 180-1; Latin, 200; modified for gifted pupils, 187. Terman, Lewis M., quoted, 70. Terminology, educational, meaning of terms superior, normal, or average, and dull or limited, 184. Tests and scales, arithmetic test, mixed fundamental, 341: developed by research, 193; individual instruction, for im- provement of, 204; informal testing, 342; standard diagnostic, 342; to give principal knowledge of pupils, 303. Truants and truancy, relation of to delinquency in New York, 76. Typewriting, See, Commercial education. Vocational education, controlling principles relative to, and the secondary school, 234. Wealth and education, of states compared with school property and savings deposits, 12; state wealth and value of school property, 10. Winnetka schools, advantages of plan of, 69; curriculum of, 69; disadvantages of plan of, 69. Word study, twenty-five most common words in three lan- guages, 196. Young, Owen D., quoted, 177. [vil]