R00 o al isRARY ‘gsc _ 66GB BBS SEES SGG5660066655666666656) G VOL. II, NOS. 1 and 2 JANUARY and MARCH, 1925 Research Bulletin OF THE { uf si Xs National Education Association SOOO 7 GBB ESG6666666 | Oo Ws . Ss ro S Public School Salaries its & IN 1924-1925 iy PUBLISHED BY THE RESEARCH DIVISION OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET NORTHWEST, WASHINGTON, D. C. Sy SY ; ») &) &) ast ey —— Entered as second-class matter February 10, vee at han Post Office at Washington, D.C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptan at special rate of postage provided fori in Section 1103 Act of October Py 917, « authorized February 10, 1923. CW Ax y % &) &) &) : a4 ae | ’ Ss : 4 Ws; } i SOc Se Research Bulletin of the National Education Association Published five times each year in January, March, May, September, and November by the Research Division of the National Education Association of the United States. The payment of the $5.00 membership fee of the National Education Asso- ciation entitles one to receive the Research Bulletin and certain other publi- cations of the National Education Association for one year. One dollar of each $5.00 membership fee is for a year’s subscription to the Research Bulletin. Subscription to non-members is $1.00 per year; single numbers may be pur- chased for 25 cents, and in quantities at a reduced rate. Those entitled to receive the Research Bulletin regularly are asked to report at once any change of address, giving old as well as new address. Entered as second-class matter February 10, 1923, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized February 10, 1923. Director of Research, John K. Norton. Assistant Director of Research, Margaret M. Alltucker. Executive and Editorial Offices, 1201 Sixteenth Street N. W., Washington, D. C. National Education Association Special Salary Service The fact that 1449 cities replied to the Association’s Salary Inquiry made it impractical to print data for individual cities in this Bulletin. Complete tabulations of salary facts by individual cities for 1924~—1925 are available, however, and may be obtained by addressing your National Education Association Head- quarters. Special salary tables have been prepared for cities of the following five population groups: (1) Over 100,000; (2) 30,000 to 100,000; (3) 10,000 to 30,000; (4) 5,000 to 10,000; and (5) 2,500 to 5,000. The cities included in each group are listed on pages 63 to 67 of this Bulletin. For each of the five population groups a set of 14 tables has been prepared. These tables give by individual cities complete distributions of sala@gies paid, maxima, minima, and medians for 1924-1925, for the following school employees: Kindergarten teachers, elementary teachers, special class teachers, junior high school teachers, high school teachers, teaching elementary principals, supervising elementary principals, junior high school principals, high school principals, school nurses, school janitors, school clerks in principals’ offices, clerks in offices of administrative and supervisory officers, and assistant or vice-principals and deans. On pages 24 and 25 one of these tables is reproduced, giving data for elementary teachers’ salaries in cities over 100,000 in population. The cost of a set of 14 tables for any population group is $5.00. This charge barely covers the cost of reproducing and mailing them. None of the heavy expense of the National Education Association in mailing out inquiries, and in tabulating and interpreting the replies from 1449 cities, for over 270,000 school employees is covered by this charge- The Association makes these tables available to superintendents and teachers’ salary committees as a part of its program of special salary service. In ordering these tables or in requesting assistance in advancing salary campaigns in your local school system, address your Headquarters as follows: Division of Research, National Education Association, 1201 Sixteenth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. Bi 2 ac Spec Citic Forr Selec TABLE OF CONTENTS : mental Considerations Regarding Teachers’ Salaries Better Salaries—Better Teachers—Better Citiz Five Reasons for Adequate Salary Schedules ’ Che Basic Question—What Is the Public’s Estimate of Education Have Teachers’ Salaries Been Increased? Have There Been Dollar Increases In Salaries? Increase in Cost of Living Must Be Considered as Well as Increas School Salaries Paid in 1924-1925.. Teachers’ Salaries and National Progress Teachers’ Salaries Paid in Cities in 1925 State Salary Medians Salaries Paid Administrative Officers in 1924-1925 Salaries Paid Directors and Supervisors in 1924-1925 Salary Schedules and Salary Schedule Features, 1924-1925 Salary Schedules Versus Lowest Bidders Salary Schedule Provisions for Minimum Salaries Salary Schedule Provisions for Maximum Salaries Salary Schedule Provisions for Number of Annual Increases Use of the “Single Salary Schedule’’. . Examples of Recently Adopted Salary Schedules Salary Schedule in Minneapolis, Minnesota Salary Schedule in Jersey City, N. J.... Salary Schedule in St. Louis, Missouri. A Partial List of Cities having Single Salary Schedules Salary Schedule in Washington, D. C Special Features of 1924-1925 Salary Schedules Cities Replying to Salary Inquiry. . Form Used in Collecting Data.................. Selected Bibliography of Current Thought on Teachers’ Salaries in Number of Dollars Recei lV LIST OF TABLES Table 1.—Changes in Training of the Teachers of Lawrence, Kansas, From 1920-1921 to 1923-1924. Table 2.—Increase in Length of Service of Teachers in Lawrence, Kansas, From 1920-1921 to 1923-1924 Table 3.—Median Salaries Paid City Teachers, Principals, Administrative Officers, Directors, and Super ee ee ee ea eon Table 4.—Median Salaries Paid Rural Teachers and Principals in 1922-1923 and 1923-1924........ Table 5.—Trends in Median Salaries Paid in City Schools for the Period 1913-1914 to 1924-1925....... Table 6.—Median Salaries Paid Rural Teachers and Principals by States Compared with Those Paid in 1923 Table 7.—Purchasing Power of Teachers’ Salaries....... 0.0.00... ccc ccc cc ccc cece cece cccceceeeees Table 8.—Average Industrial Wages, Cost of Living and Purchasing Power of Wages................ Table 9.—Purchasing Power of the Dollar in 19 Cities—1914 to 1924 and Recent Per Cent of Increase in Cost I 6 Be et in ahead ann nck Dedpeteanssedipesianebewbeices+oeVesdanwn Table 10.—Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers, 1924-1925, Cities Over 100,000 in Population.......... 24 Table 11.—Median Salaries Paid Elementary and High School Teachers, 1924-1925... wiles eS Table 12.—Median Salaries Paid Kindergarten and Elementary Teachers, 1924-1925................. Table 13.—Median Salaries Paid Junior High School and Senior High School Teachers in 1924-1925..... Table 14.—Median Salaries Paid Special Class Teachers and School Nurses in 1924-1925.............. Table 15.—Median Salaries Paid Teaching and Supervising Elementary Principals in 1924-1925......... Table 16.—Median Salaries Paid Junior and Senior High School Principals in 1924-1925............... Table 17.—Distribution of Salaries Paid Assistant or Vice-Principals, Deans, etc. in High Schools... ... Table 18.—Distribution of Salaries Paid Clerks in Principals’ Offices and Clerks in Offices of Administrative es a deine 5 oe «nom saiennes Table 19.—Distribution of Salaries Paid Janitors in 1165 Cities in 1924-1925............ a Table 20.—Number of Cities Hiring Janitors Individually or Contracting for the Whole System With One ee rel scr eneeeegtaabisabe> + ses beens. Tables 21 to 25, Inclusive.—Distribution of Salaries Paid Administrative Officers, 1924-1925, in Cities of or cika nde ea nEN eeee AS ante es serewnnan 364 Tables 26 to 30, Inclusive.—Distribution of Salaries Paid Directors and Supervisors, 1924-1925, in Cities FE os ah 5 on owe vk ndendesodinke Mabe ease teres n+ >>: ncn chnt 42-4 Table 31.—Maximum, Median, and Minimum Salaries for Elementary and High School Teachers, in 22 TE TERR EE GRE SES SRE, IT Oe ee ee Table 32.—Number and Percentage of Cities With Salary Schedules.................... Tables 33 to 37, Inclusive.—Minimum Salaries in 1924-1925 in Cities of Five Population Groups. . . 50-52 Tables 38 to 42, Inclusive-—Maximum Salaries in 1924-1925 in Cities of Five Population Groups........ 53-5 [4] » Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char ee Tica ~ tas Tabl Tabl Table Table Table Table 45. 46, 47. 48. Table 49 LIST OF TABLES (Continued Page -Number of Annual Increases Provided for in City Salary Schedules, 1924-1925 57 _—Number of Cities with Definite Plan of Financial Reward for Completion of Additional Pri fessional Training. 61 Number of Cities Where School Boards Have Adopted a Definite Plan Whereby Teachers May bx Granted Leave of Absence for Study and Professional Improvement 61 Number of Cities Where Men and Women of Equal Training and Experience and Performing Similar Service Receive the Same Salaries. . 61 Number of Cities Where State Statute or Local Rule Requires that Salaries of Men and Wome: of Equal Training and Experience and Performing Similar Service Shall Be the Same or Different... 62 -Number of Cities Where Teachers Are Sometimes Relieved of Their Classes During Regular School Hours so That They May Take Part in Other Professional Work 62 .—Number of Cities Where Teachers’ Salaries Continue at the Regular Rate During Attendance Institutes 62 LIST OF CHARTS Chart I.—Median Salaries Paid Teachers in 1923 Compared with Those Paid in 1925 (In Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in Population).... 13 Chart II.—Median Salaries Paid School Principals in 1923 Compared With Those Paid in 1925 (In Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in Population). 14 Chart I1I.—Weekly Wages in Building Trades in Six Representative Cities 18 Chart 1V.—Purchasing Power of Teachers’ Salaries 1914-1924... 19 Chart V.—Why School Costs Have Increased. 20 Chart VI.—Median Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers in 1443 Cities 22 Chart VII.—Median Salaries Paid High School Teachers in 1309 Cities 23 Chart VIII.—Median Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers in Rural and Urban Sections of the United States 26 Chart IX.—Median Salaries Paid School Clerks in Principals’ Offices. . . 44 Chart X.—Median Salaries Paid Clerks in Administrative and Supervisory Offices 34 Chart XI.—Median Salaries Paid Superintendents of Schools in 1134 Cities 41 41 Chart XII.—Median Salaries Paid Supervisors of Music in 842 Cities Chart XIII.—Minimum, Median and Maximum Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers in 1925 (In 22 Cities Over 250,000 in Population). ... Chart XIV.—Minimum, Median and Maximum Salaries Paid High School Teachers in 1925 (In 22 Cities Over 250,000 in Population). [5] 49 FOREWORD HROUGHOUT its history the National Education Association has led the campaign for better salaries for teachers. During the last decade its pronounced activity has brought about positive results. Its prime motive has not been “justice” to teachers but “justice” to children whom the law compels to stay in school and whose training largely determines their own and the Nation’s progress. The salary question cannot be thoroughly understood or intelligently discussed except on the basis of comprehensive salary. data from city and country school systems both large and small. Furthermore, the actual salaries paid cannot be fully interpreted until studied in the light of the schedules determining the salary rates and the rules governing the increase of salaries according to service, or grade, or merit, as the case may be. ‘These comprehensive data the National Education Association has gladly furnished as a part of its service to the profession and to the advancement of education. In this Bulletin, the Division of Research summarizes the findings of a comprehen- ‘sive survey of the salary situation for 1924-1925. Grateful acknowledgment is made to Professor E. S. Evenden of Teachers College, Columbia University, for his surveys of teachers’ salaries in the past and for his help in planning the present inquiry. ‘The whole-hearted cooperation of superintendents of schools throughout the Nation in this salary survey is noteworthy for two reasons: First, It is the most comprehensive inquiry on public school salaries yet made. It gives salary facts for 521,395 administrators, teachers, and other school employees. Second, It, for the first time, makes comprehensive salary information available in the same school year in which the data were gathered. The task of tabulating this enormous mass of data was an opportunity for service welcomed by the National Education Association. The findings are herewith summarized for the use of the professional and lay public. It is a matter of National concern that the median salary for one-teacher rural schools is only $755, particularly since approximately 366,000 of the Nation’s 700,000 teachers teach in the public schools of the open country and the country villages. On the other hand, it is gratifying that a large percentage of cities are recognizing that the welfare of the Nation’s children demands a professional return to public school teachers. The findings in this Bulletin face us squarely with these questions. How important is education in our democracy? Can either urban or rural communities hope to secure teachers of sound training, broad contacts, and growing vision unless they pay adequate salaries? The hope of America is that these questions may be so answered that our children and society will not be the losers. J. W. Crasrree, Secretary, National Education Association. [6] ee So cL, ee Ty t » sch scl loi Fundamental Considerations Better Salaries—Better Teachers— Better Citizens The child’s not the teacher's welfare is primarily at issue in any consideration of teachers’ salaries. If the quality of training given the Nation’s children could be improved by lowering teachers’ salaries, by increasing them, by maintaining them at the present level, or by ceasing to pay them altogether, any of these actions would be justified. The Nation owes no one a living. No group is entitled to enjoy the fruits of human cooperation unless it contributes its share to the common treasury of material, intellectual, and spiritual goods. The member of a board of education who votes for a revision of the salary schedule in a school system because he wants “justice” for the renders society no service. Only when he keeps the welfare of the children of today—the Nation of tomorrow—in the foreground is he pre- pared to render a wise decision on the question of teachers’ salaries. Salaries are but a means to an end. Think of the child, not of the teacher, when teachers’ salary schedules are being fixed. Teachers, when dissatisfied, can shift to other lines of work, but the law com- pels children to stay in school for a constantly lengthening period of time. teachers, When a school board member casts a vote for a salary schedule, he votes for poorly trained, indifferently trained, or well trained children. He cannot get away from it. The facts are too plain. ‘They show that the sala- ries which a community pays its teachers determine the quality of the teachers who draw them. Those communities which have sown “economy” in the past are today reaping “illiteracy,” and other evidences of educa- tional inefficiency. There are five basic reasons why every school system should have an adequate salary schedule. for Adequate Salary Schedules Five Reasons l. The teachers’ salary schedule, in the long run, more than any other factor deter- [ Regarding Teachers’ Salaries mines the quality of people attracted to the teaching profession. While the privilege of service is the domi nating influence in the lives of the best teach ers, society cannot and should not rely entirely upon missionary zeal and the appeal to service to maintain its system of education. Reasonable opportunity to enjoy the things that go with economic independence should also be an inducement. people with vision and power will offer them It is too much to expect that selves for service in any profession that prom ises perpetual financial anxiety, thwarted ambitions, and bitter old age. Large numbers of capable people can be induced to train themselves for a service only when it guarantees them a reasonable degree of economic independence. Can any one imagine an adequate supply of capable people undertaking the training necessary for entrance into the medical pro fession if the reward for leadership in their around $2,400, the median salary now paid principals of city ele profession was to be mentary schools? Can you visualize an ade quate supply of young people completing law courses, knowing that if they were fairly successful, they might ultimately rise to a place in the legal profession equal in rank to a high school principalship in the teaching profession, with but an even chance of $3,300 a ? about year! Teaching need not promise an income that receiving equals that paid in other fields of skilled serv ice; but it must pay something beside a mere existing wage. ‘The yearly income need be only enough to allow those material things essential to a life of culture plus a small sur- plus to provide for old age. ‘The great mass of teachers are not receiving such a salary today. The teaching profession now suffers keen competition from other fields. At one time few fields of remunerative service were open Teaching offered the opportunity for women to earn an indepen- dent livelihood. ‘Times have changed. than eight per cent of the 8,549,000 women listed in the 1920 Census as gainfully em- ployed were teachers. Against the 658,000 in teaching, we find 400,000 in other forms ] to women. largest | SS of “professional service’; 900,000 in trade and transportation; 1,000,000 in agricultural and animal industry; 1,400,000 in clerical occupations, and 2,000,000 in manufacturing and mechanical industries. Opportunities are now available for capable women which involve a much less rigorous training than the better-paid teachers of today must un- dergo. Since over eighty-six per cent of all teachers are women, and the percentage is increasing, it is apparent that the teaching profession now suffers keen competition from other fields. No longer can the Nation trade upon the fact that the teaching professio the only remunerative opportunity open , women. 2. The teachers’ salary schedule, more 1 any other factor, determines the qualit, preparation of teachers. Teachers may be “born”; but the bi: rate at present is far below the dema Most teachers have to be trained after t}, are born; and even the “born teacher’’ is better teacher when trained. Training is investment. Prospective teachers cannot expected to invest in from two to four ye Some call me ‘The Child of Today” I am also “The Citizen of Tomorrow’ School Boards are beginning to put me in the foreground. | hope they will think of me be when they plan how to spend school money. — AES SS AS ~ : ~ ~ WW Ny \ ia a -~ AN — I like good school buildings but I need Happy Teachers too,whe Know how to help me. Next to parents teachers do the most for mex [8] a res He He Hi He Hs Hi and, they waht Nia apts SAR he pg els sad cag ia ee eae IGEN. Sc OLE 0, AR training beyond high school unless they have some guarantee that the prevailing salary paid reachers is sufficient to justify it. Some argue that teachers throughout the ountry will not be better paid until they are better trained. ‘The answer is—many will not be attracted to the teaching profession and will not secure the training unless they are first assured of an adequate salary. Furthermore, teachers already in the service cannot take additional training on the job through professional reading, summer school attendance, and travel, unless their salaries are sufficient to permit these professional necessities. An adequate salary serves to improve the training of the teaching corps, both by securing and holding better teachers and by inducing members of the staff to secure additional training in service. For example, in April, 1921, a new single salary schedule, the type that rewards teach- ers according to professional training and experience, was adopted by the Lawrence School Board. The effect of this schedule in the four succeeding years on the training of the teachers of Lawrence is Table 1. The facts in Table 1 should be of interest to every school board. They show that from 1920 to 1923 there was a decided increase in the academic training of every grade of teacher. The number of junior high school teachers in Lawrence with university degrees increased twenty-three per cent. This means schedule shown in TABLE 1.—CHANGES IN TRAINING KANSAS, FROM that the teachers as well as the children have been growing mentally. The day is past when our future citizens can be successfully taught by people of limited The founda tion for successful citizenship in the greatest training and narrow contacts. democracy of the world—a democracy, per plexed by class, race and religious prejudices inherited from the old laid only by teachers of sound training, broad world—can_ be contacts, and growing vision. 3. The teachers’ salary schedule determines the quality of human material that continues in the profession. not continue to be the make-shift occupation it has been in the past. No means more the people. It must not be merely a “stepping stone” to something else. When teaching is a “stepping stone,”’ it is the children who are stepped on. Teaching must service to American Table 2 shows the interesting effect of a salary schedule on the tenure of teachers in Lawrence, Kansas. Table 2 shows that the city of Lawrence is increasing the tenure of their teachers in a telling manner. In 1920-1921 half of the teachers in Lawrence were teach ing their first term in that city; and 65 per cent had not been in the system two years. almost one Three years later the median term of service for the entire corps had advanced from two to three years—a full year! OF THE TEACHERS OF LAWRENCE, 1920-21 TO 1923-24 A ! / High school — high Elementary Supervisors teachers school teachers teachers Academic training Per cent in Per cent in Per cent in Per cent in l l | 1920-21 1923-24 1920-21 | 1923-24 | 1920-21 | 1923. 24 | 1920-21 | 1923-24 = a 1 2 3 | 4 7] 6 7 | & 9 Holding the degree M.A............. We Pe 3.98 15.38 5.00 | 11.11 5.00 4.45 | ent Holding the degree B.A. or B.S.............. 88.48 | 76.93 | 35.00 | 51.85 12.50 | 11.115 25.00 80.00 ment . | | _ Having three years of training above high school 7.54 | 7.69 | 5.00 | 7.41 10.00 11.115 | 25.00 20.00 Having two years of training above high school | 20.00 | 14.81 40.00 | 59.99 | 50.00 = prem ol Mes Having one year of training above high school | | 20.00 | 3.71 15.00 6.665 High school graduate only................. | 15.00 11.11 17.50 | 6.665 . 100.00 | 100.00 |100.00 /100.00 100.00 /100.00 100.00 | 100 00 | | | } Read Table 1 as follows: In 1920-1921, 3.98 per cent of the high school teachers of Lawrence, Kansas held the degree M.A.; in 1923-1924, 15.38 per cent held this degree. Similarly read the other columns. This table is taken from Review of Lawrence Public Schools, a Report compiled by Harry P. Smith, 1924, p. 73 [9] A review of Who’s Who in America shows that a large percentage of the people whose names are listed formerly taught in our public Now they are engaged in other activities. ‘Through their innate ability and persevering labor they have acquired distinc- tion. America lists them as her most honored citizens. One cannot but ponder the question, Isn’t this the very kind of innate capacity and endeavor that should be moulding our children’s outlook on life? Once they were there: but teaching under the prevailing conditions then was not sufh- ciently attractive—the reward, monetary, social and spiritual did not have an adequate holding power. Walter Head, president of the American Bankers Association, is an example. Walter Head began as a teacher. He was a success as a teacher. He became the village superin- tendent at $70.00 a month, but he was offered bank clerk, and, as the Nation’s Business relates, “This offer was accepted by Walter Head. Teaching went into the limbo.” Is Walter Head’s service greater in handling the Nation’s money than it would have been in teaching the Nation’s children? Many believe that men as men have a contribution to make to the education of youth that is essential to a complete education. However this may be, the fact is that men schools. in our classrooms a job as a are rapidly disappearing as an influenc: the school life of our children. In 1890 person in every three in public school ser was aman. In 1920 one in every seven a man. 4. The teachers’ salary schedule determ a school board’s chances of obtaining the ices of capable teachers. We usually get what we pay for, whet we buy teaching services or potatoes. | either commodity, even when there is a | supply, a fair price has to be paid for supe goods. When one school board fixes the : imum salary for high teachers $1,500 and another board sets as its minin $1,000, the superintendent of schools first city has a chance in the competi market of securing a better trained, m experienced, traveled, and competent teac! In other words the boys and girls in the { city have a chance of becoming better citiz because they have a teacher in civic affairs, who has traveled and bri: first-hand knowledge to the interpretations history and geography and a larger und standing of human nature because of contacts with people and his wide readi 5. Teachers’ salaries indirectly determin: child’s outlook upon life. The teacher who has a standard of li, which permits her to live in comforta! school who is trai! TABLE 2.—INCREASE IN LENGTH OF SERVICE OF TEACHERS IN LAWRENCE KANSAS, FROM 1920-21 TO 1923-24 | 1920-21 Cotes staff 1923-24 teaching staff Years of service |__ EP Tape Gaeacte it Home economics......... 2700 2700 2110 2200 1633 1640 1511 1500 1455 1440 ‘ Ve rn Rp ee 3175 ES 2300 2000 1180 1525 1400 1200 1233 1500 \ ; — education....... 3138 2479 2600 2117 2175 1889 1800 1714 1800 i | ee Seer to 2875 3080 2055 2100 1682 1750 1565 1600 1385 1450 ? t Music wea dle Ch os tance 2963 3200 2292 2435 1766 1800 1504 1588 1423 1440 S Penmanship.............. 2543 2750 2060 2100 1714 1707 1457 1500 1429 1280 y Attendance officers......../{ iase" | is00« |) 1588 | 1600 | 1035 | 1000 | 384 450 | 335 260 H : \ Read Table 3 as follows: The median paid kindergarten teachers in cities over 100,000 in population in 2 a ae em ag was jy in 1924-1925 it is $1961. For cities of 30,000 to 100,000 in population it was $1454 in 1922-1923. 14 Notes: ' This is the median salary of the highest paid assistant su; spatendeee. ? This is the median salary of the lowest paid assistant ? This is the Lees salary of the highest paid attendance officers. ‘This is the median salary of the cael pall Gttsadanee offer i cent of a group of teachers receive salaries equal to or sugnating the cent of a group of teachers receive salaries that are equal to or less f five teachers received the following salaries—$1200, $1250, $14 s each o would be $1400. [12] ke ema ema me sway ofh- 1925 19 i) many lar 7e sala- 1923. hers’ DO D0 00 1) ” 0 0 and principals’ salaries in cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population. CHART I for rural teachers. Table 4+ shows just the opposite to be true } — | MEDIAN SALARIES Paip TEACHERS ~ 1923 COMPARED WITH THOSE PAID 1925 ): (In Cities 30,000 -to 100,000 in population) j } 1923 1454 Kindergarten | 1925 $1493 a . 1923 Fi4ce | Elementary | 1925 $1598 | 1993 HIO55 ° | iF Special Class ) 1025 #1697 | » 1093 Ricco | ro Junior M¢ a #1706 i ; - | | Aligh Schoot : 1095 ¥ 2000 as r NS ES SE eee dL LU eee ae oe ae - Ahediart Sak Ta AHuadreds f OXLaLrs f Pg supervisors for cities of five population groups. [13] Chart I is based on data in Table 3, which gives similar data for principals, administrative officers, directors and Their median salaries are generally lower in 1925 than they were in The salaries paid rural teachers con- stitute one of the weakest spots in our Ameri- can educational system. shows how far some States fall below the meager salary of $755, which is the median 1923. room rural schools. Table 5 shows the trends in city teache salaries from 1913 to 1925. Here the creases, on first glance, seem to be consid able. sidered before one can Table 6, on page 16, pas However another factor must be c tell whether o1 salary received by 112,191 teachers of one- there has been a real increase in teache salaries. CHART II j92Q3 Teaching” Elementary Pr uicipals 1025 1023 Supervis Fleme ntary Principals MEDIAN SALARIES PAtp SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN 1923 COMPARED WITH THOSE PAID IN 1925 (Cities 30,000 to 100,000 In Population) #1963 oe oA $3106 $2484 3,794 $4,003 | Tee tue wer ee ever ee ee ee Eee Median S2lary Quadeeds Cellars esearch Oiision Aatwonal Ftucation Association Chart II is based on data in Table 3, which gives similar data for teachers, administrative officers, directors an supervisors for cities of five population groups. [14] wlgek. icher ne ir side Cor rF not cher S oe al im ro | PER, 5 oan erin ane Ditey Abii Apel, TABLE 4—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID RURAL TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS in 1922-1923 and in 1923-1924 —_—— Teachers in Principals in Three or Three or . Schools ural Schools One | | | Ele- Organized 7 » teacher —_— | Consoli- 0 yan mentary ‘i h having All t h | teacher | d d teacher | 1 & both ele rural eacher cr. J ate -. | rura schools school rural hools | Schools schools in | schools | Schools in| schools — iy mentary and | schools schools | villages villages | only only high school | © , | and towns and towns | pupils any | ; | s |; 8 4 5 6 ‘ Median Salary $765 $744 $845 $1003 $1121 $845 $939 $1325 $131 $ 1922-1923 | Median Salary 755 | 743 804 986 1114 853 1591 2905 2008 1923-1924 | The median salaries in 1922-1923 for teachers and principals are taken from Table 2 in Teachers’ S Trends in 1923, p. 14. : The median salaries for 1923-1924 were computed from the distribution of salar es paid various groups of 1 : hers in 1923-1924, collected and tabulated by the U. S. Bureau of Education 1 Despite the fact that for each of the five groups of rural teachers (columns 2-6) the median salary for 19 924 is lower than in 1922-1923, the median salary for all rural teachers (column 7 greater in 1923-1924; because a lar pr portion of teachers were reported in 1923-1924 for the groups in columns 4, 5, and 6, than were r ported in 19 923 TABLE 5.—TRENDS IN MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN CITY SCHOOLS FOR THE PERIOD 1913-1914 TO 1924-1925 | | Percentage) Percentage Percentage | . Class of | < , 1913- 1918- 1919- 1921- 1922 1024. | of increase! of increase of increase teachers i of city 14! 19 20 223 234 25* 1924-1925 | 1924-1925 1924-1925 over over over | 1913-14 1918-19 1922-23 1 2 3 , é 8 y $1848 $1871 $1968 143.87 110. 2t Is Over 100,000 $807 $936 $1293 1676 1776 1844 128 450 97 O1 S Elementary | 30,000 to 100,000 | 669 874 1087 1379 1466 1528 128 40 74 83 4 98 | 10,000 to 30,000 5976 7748 9508 1241° 1289 1354 126.80 74.94 » O4 | 5,000 to 10,000 | 677 { 1097 1204 1231 81.83 { | 2,500 to 5,000 693 ’ ‘ 1108 1129 62.91 ”) 2136 2 0 161 bt S1 OS i Over 100,000 850 1226 1478 2050 MOE 056 141 88 67.70 2 49 : : | Junior high | 30,000 to 100,000 | 783 1031 1253 15957 1¢ 1706 117.88 th 17 > 46 school. . 10,000 to 30,000 | 7076 9438 | 1059% | 14508 | 1439 153 116.97 62.67 6 60 |} 5,000 to 10,000 | 775 f 1099 | 1370 1373 7.16 2,500 to 5,000 738 a 127 1307 10 a3 | 2487 2436 O1 40 67 61 | | Over 100,000 1325 1513 1850 2403 44 a3 70 ao & ”) Senior high 30,000 to 100,000 | 1075 1263 1525 1917 2000 86.05 ~ $33 school 10,000 to 30,000 | 925 10078 1325' 1670 1737 87.78 8 34 $ Ol 5,000 to 10,000 944 1567 1617 71.29 10 2,500 to 5,000 918 | 1469 1491 62.42 1.50 | Over 100,000 792 1246 1423 1507 90.28 | , 00 School nurses | 30,000 to 100,000 800 1164 1395 1504 R& 00 7 SI | 10,000 to 30,000 7583 11008 1510 1545 103.83 2.32 Attendance officerg not in- | Over 100,000 1045 1400 15874 1900 8] 82 2 cluding chief | 30,000 to 100,000 908 1280 1583 1600 76.21 07 attendance of- | 10,000 to 30,000 4965 8003 1035 1000 101.61 3 50** ficer | Index of cost of living ....... 100 174 200 170 172 172 72 2* 0 The sources of the above medians are indicated in the footnotes below In interpreting these figures sl d be kept in’mind that the medians for the cities over 100,000 are not directly comparable since New York Salaries we included in some of the studies from which the medians are taken and are not included in others. The higher salaries paid in these cities overweight the medians where they are included. For that reason, we have indicated as far as data are available, the medians with and without New York City. Other factors also enter in that make it necessary to use these medians cautiously for comparative purposes ! The medians in this column are based upon the figures given on page 14 of Know and Help Your School report of the National Committee for the Chamber of Commerce cooperating with the Public Schools, published by the American City Bureau. They represent approximations based upon the medians in this report which are given separately for men and women and do not include salaries paid in New York City. % The medians in this column are from Teachers Salaries and Salary Schedules 1918-19, E. 8. Evenden, National Edueation Association, page 15 and following. The distributions on which these medians are based did not include New York City in the largest group of cities. * The medians in this column are from Bulletin One of the Research Division of the National Educa- tion Association, January, 1922, pages 17 and 25. ‘The medians in this column are taken from Teachers’ Salaries and Salary Trends in 1923. * The medians of this column are based upon the results of the present report. § The first of these two figures is the median including the teachers of New York City. This median is based on distributions of Salaries paid in cities 8,000 to 30,000 in ag ? This median is based on distributions of salaries paid in cities 2,500 to 100,000 in population. * This median is based on distributions of salaries paid in cities 10,000 to 25,000 in population. ** Represents a decrease. s First [15] TABLE 6.—1924 MEDIAN SALARIES PAID RURAL TEACHERS AND PRINCIPAISs BY STATES, COMPARED WITH THOSE PAID IN 1923 States 1 United States Alabama Arizona. Arkansas. California. . Colorado. Connecticut Illinois. . . Indiana.... Louisiana . Maine.... Maryland. . Massachusetts Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi. . . Missouri... . Montana..... Nebraska... . Nevada..... New Hampshire. . New Jersey. . New Mexico. New York.. North Carolina... North Dakota. Ss «cess Oklahoma... . Oregon....... Pennsylvania. ... Island South Carolina. . . South Dakota.... Tennessee. . . West Virginia. . Wisconsin. . Wyoming. . | | Principals in ) 7 Three or Three or Schools hav country . oe . | — - | 1923; 1924) 1923 1924) 1923 1924) 1923| 1924) 1923) 1924) 1923 1924/1923 1924 1923] 1924 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | 14 16 16 | 17 $765| $755| $744, $743) $845, $804|$1003| $986)$1121|$1114) $939|$1591 $1325 |$2205|$1303 $2008 | 487] 1517) 1500] 1950} 718) 1501 69) 2125] 2650) 2367! 2750} 2450) 215% 619} 600} 1200] 1300} 845] 1354 99] 1639] 2458] 2741/3000+| 1996] 3000 1181] 1850} 1570] 2150] 1316] 2221 2250} 1713) 2463) 2275) 1800) 2000 en ae 1330].....] 1858 807/300 —| 1220) 1608} 1800) 800 | 1950 D} §=6362) 725) 1275) 1575) 693) 1356 } 1191; 1171) 1460) 2075} 1260) 2050 1264| 2250) 1629) 2556/ 1882) 2434 26), 1059] 1750) 1493) 1950) 1306) 1852 8] 1256) 2350) 1330) 2325) 1374] 2202 1018} 1597] 1603) 2229) 1367) 211s 451; 1050} 1236) 2075) 1137} 1513 956} 1825) 1032) 1925) 1104) 2082 986} 1450) 1290) 2033) 1625) 1750 783; 921 1036} 1000; 1100} 1162} 1117 1062; 1288) 1417} 2083] 1616] 1988 955; 1046) 1078) 1063) 1192) 1248) 1220) 1122 1300) 1713) 1757) 2417| 1650) 2100 834} 918 969; 982) 1013} 1084} 1059 661) 1950) 1657| 2150} 1239] 2200 774; 903; 918) 1027; 969) 1081; 1077) 1124 | 1333] 1550] 1942] 2450] 1469] 2325 300—| 360) 328) 375) 423) 642| 678) 611 695) 675) 1087) 2233) 958) 1875 636 690 745| 789) 848) 717 942) 939] 1125) 1250) 1035) 1884 $85; 1104) 1030; 1164) 1031; 1136) 1175] 1301 1250} 1875) 1575) 2050) 1524| 2150 767; 750) 918) 932 975} 1032} 987) 1087 1100} 1817! 1493) 1875) 1358) 1867 1000). .... 1200).....| 1200).....| 1225)..... 1571]..... 2450 —y 773} 841) 947) 925) 894) 971) 1000) 955 B} §=778) 1075) 1750) 2000) 1150) 2075 1029) 1165) 1140} 1231) 1176) 1215) 1257] 1414) 1295] 1819] 1740) 2550) 2700} 2001/3000 + 48 1283) 986) 1091; 1148) 1036) 1087) 1631| 1533) 1550) 1850) 1070) 1523 881) 1018} 1028; 1320) 1192) 1271) 1245) 1218) 1 1443} 1525) 1510) 2350) 1767| 2242 375) 449) 465) 588) 547) 753) 728) 766 8 584) 540) 1525) 2400) 1039) 1681 723} 974; 948) 1328) 1058) 1138) 1075; 1133] 1151] 795] 1250) 1381/ 2225) 1370) 1900 880} 956) 954) 1000) 992) 1035) 1019) 1054] 1129) 1165) 1550) 1463) 1883] 1543) 1975 769; 869) 877) 993) 909; 948) 956) 1020] 970 | 1025)..... 1350; 1950] 1355) 1830 897| 876 1113) 1064] 1325; 1096) 1103] 1195) 1064) 1650) 1350) 2367| 1621] 2038 738] 829) 824) 880) 844; 884) 921) 1052) 1014) 1045) 1900) 1273) 1690] 1541) 1895 866) 936) 939) 1125) 1070] 1083) 965) 1009) 1061} 993) 1275) 1550) 1950) 967) 1750 300—| 658) 650) 681) 680) 748) . 856) 937| 8 903} 1833) 1073) 2250} 1055) 1860 792| 1037; 992) 1150) 1025) 1139) 1110} 1139) 115: 922) 1350) 1517) 2350) 1545) 2064 416; 450) 464) 651) 560) 1226) 659) 659 375] 1350] 1182) 1836] 1197) 1920 654 714; 705) 690) 853) 890) 85: 652} 992] 1481} 1850] 803) 1731 771; +809) 756; 870) 753) 825) 1035) 1071) 925) 1075) 1300) 1613) 1295) 2040) 1475) 1750 684; 713) 726) 786) 900) 1012) 854) 903 1007} 1050} 1500) 2050) 2008} 2250 382; 477; 461) 662) 578) 758) 744) 791 820 3} 1883) 1289) 1514 1013} 1034] 1110) 1123) 1082) 1218) 1197] 1220) 1212) 1315) 1333) 1864] 1637| 2150) 1729) 2431 687; 717| 768) 804) 791) 854) 875) 877) 878) 1 | 946) 983) 1561| 2063) 2100) 2038 851; 870] 990) 1000) 1043) 1237) 1110) 1121| 1133) 1161) 1146) 2075; 1383) 2080] 1332) 2193 842}; 814] 1050) 1038) 1161, 1092) 1274) 1149) 1165) 1168] 1067) 1838) 1700) 2425) 1370} 2031 Read Table 6 as follows: The median salary paid teachers in one t her rural schools in 1923 in the United States was $765, in 1924 it was $755. In the State of Alabama for the year 1923, it was $386; and in 1924, it was $355. Similarly read the other columns. i lumns 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 are taken from Table 65 in Teachers’ Salaries and Salary Trends in 1923, p Figures in co! The medians for 1924 were 91. ted from data relative to the salaries of 251,014 rural teachers and principals, collected compu and tabulated by the U. 8. Bureau of Education. more “a more Elemen- Organized! ing both e}, a. » woe. teacher Cust teacher tary high mentary an schools schools schools scheels _ Schools schools schools high schoo in open in villages only | only pupils and towns AND WHEN even than the equivalent British schools. There are more automobiles per head comes to the rural schools of America there can be little doubi that they are cheaper and meaner by far of population in America than in other country in the but the dear little old cheap one-roomed red schoolhouse, and its immature and under- a at hs oem ges fparth ge stage of the one-horse shay. The American buys his boots education in a needy young woman. He certain! is better than he deserves.—H. C. Learn At School, The American Magazine, Vol. 96, Page 6, October, 192 3g -} z 7 In inc Ing de] bas bas —— ————o- es Calas Nad PN a increase in Cost of Living Must Be Con- sidered as Well as Increase in Num- ber of Dollars Received. The real value of a wage is not the amount of money received, stated in dollars and cents, but its purchasing power. If a teacher’s salary over a period of years is increased by fifty per cent, while the cost of food, shelter, clothing, books, summer school tuition, and similar items, increases one hundred per cent, the teacher is poorer. Table 7 shows the actual purchasing power of teachers’ salaries. Although the average salary of teachers since 1913 has increased 138 per cent when stated in dollars, in purchasing power it has increased but 40 per cent. Some teachers ngw are receiving which purchase less than did their salaries in salaries 1914. This is illustrated by column 11 of Table 7, Purchasing Power of Teachers’ Salaries. Table 8 shows index numbers for average industrial wages, cost of living and purchas- ing power of industrial wages from 1914 to September, 1924. This table shows that the TABLE 7.—PURCHASING POWER TABLE 8 —AVERAGE INDUSTRIAL WAGES, COST OF LIVING AND PUR- CHASING POWER OF WAGES. Average Cost of Purchasing Year industrial living power wages of wages 1914 100 Oo 1915 101 10 ) 1916 114 ! 1917 120 133 1918 160 15S 1919 1S5 IS. 1920 222 200 " 1921 203 IS2 1922 197 167 ‘ 1923 215 171 1924 ey 219 173 ebruary 218 172 March 222 170 April 218 169 ) ay 217 160 ’ June 214 169 July 213 169 f August 216 170 September 221 171 ’ These data were obtained from the Depart Statistics, Russell Sage Foundation They compare closely with the results of a survey by the International Typographical Union which was completed in January 1925 The Union's investigation showed that the d ir of January, 1925 was worth 58 cents, taking t! ) dollar as standard This figure is the same as the ne reached by Secretary Hoover in a recent review ditions, according to the Union's Statistical Bureau Secretary Hoover found the cost of living about 72 per cent above the pre-war level, which would make dollar worth about 58 cents OF TEACHERS’ SALARIES A be . Purchasing pet | Purchasing Index of Average Index of power of peer th Index! of | Index of | assed “4 purchasing) salary of | average | Index of Net Ny —« of Year : average cost of &g power of | teachers | salary in cost of Caees7 | PUSCRAERE in the salary livin | salary average | in a large liv a large Le fpered i United & or “real 1 se | I . : ade rge as city or of city States wage" yy | ae oy ay “real salary y wage’ , . — —— - - 1 2 8 4 5 6 | 7 8 9 10 1913 $515 100.0 100.0 | $515 100.0 | $1143 100.0 100.0 | $1143 100.0 1914 525 102.0 103.0 510 99.0 1160 101.5 103.0 1126 98.5 1915 543 105.4 105.1 517 100.3 1167 102.1 105.1 1111 97.2 1916 "563 109.3 118.3 476 92.4 1204 105.3 118.3 1017 SY 0 1917 599 116.3 142.4 421 81.7 1257 110.0 142.4 SS4 77.3 1918 635 123.3 174.4 | 364 70.7 1327 116.1 174.4 761 66.6 1919 736 142.9 199.3 369 ig Py 1483 i 129.7 199.3 744 65.1 1920 | 837 162.5 200.4 | 418 81.1 1703 | 149.0 200.4 850 74.4 1921 987 191.7 174.3 } 567 110.0 1809 | 158.3 174.3 1038 90.8 1922 1166 226.4 169.5 688 133.6 | 1848 161.7 169.5 1090 95.4 1928 1196 232.2 | 173.2 691 134.1 1860 162.7 173.2 1073 93.9 1924 1226 238.1 170.0 721 140.0 1900 166.2 170.0 1118 07.8 | Read the figures of this table as follows: The average salary of teachers throughout the United States between 1913 and 1920, for example, increased from $515 to $837. Taking the 1913 salary as 100, the index of the 1920 salary is 162.5 (column 3). It took 200.4 cents in 1920 to purchase what 100 cents bought in 1913 (column 4). Therefore, the $837 of 1920 had a purchasing power of $418 (column 5) on the 1913 basis. Since this $418 is but 81.1 per cent (column 6) of $515, the 1913 average, the purchasing power of teachers’ salaries in 1920 was 81.1 per cent of what it was in 1913 Similarly read the figures for the other years and for the large city. The average salary figures are based on those of the United States Bureau of Education. Those for 1923 and 1924 are estimated. The index of the cost of living figures are those of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, given in the Monthly Labor Review, Volume XIX, November, 1924. p. 114. ' ' Index numbers represent changes in succeeding values in terms of per cent, as compared with a particular val ase. For example, if in 1913 an average salary was $150 per month; in 1915, $200; and in 1925, $125, etc., the index number based on the 1913 value are: 1913, 100; 1915, 133 1-3: 1923, 83 1-3, ete. average industrial wage is now 2.21 times what it was in 1914. However, every $2.21 which the industrial worker receives now, in comparison with the $1.00 which he received in 1914, today buys only $1.29 worth of food, shelter, clothing, etc. Today it takes $1.71 to pay for the same goods that in 1914 could be bought for $1.00. The dollar of today is worth approximately 58 cents, taking the 1913 dollar as a standard. In tables 7 and 8 are given indices of the purchasing power of the average salary for teachers and the average _ industrial worker. The basic year is 1913 in one case and 1914 in the other. Chart III shows the weekly wages in the building trades paid during the current in six representative cities. chart are presented merely for surposes. “Teachers do not argue that m: ra The data i compa! the building trades are getting too much. Table 9 shows for 19 cities, in variou tions of the United States, the sum req in 1924 to purchase what $100 bou; 1914. It also shows an increase in th of living from September, 1924, to Decen 1924. These facts must be consider relation to teachers’ salary schedules. Chart IV gives the indices of the co living in the United States with 1913 base, and the purchasing power of tea salaries from 1913 to 1924. CHART III Weekly Wage $2 A Bricklayers $66 oso Bricklayers*66 6§_ 60_] | _Puunbers _| 5S__] $65 LB Pumbers |F55 & Bercklayers $ So 43_ 4 Cosstars _|$44 Bridge 4 Stractudl] Irog Workers |$4Q50|Z Pumbers |f4Q50 | Carpenters [$46.75 & Carpenters 40_] | Carpenters 39,50 §5 Plasterers $66 WEEKLY WAGES IN BUILDING TRADES IN SIX REPRESENTATIVE CITIES Plasterers 166 | Bricutayers | F6950 c OBricklayers $62 ntecs 1F4950 | Pusnbers |F49, is Carpenters $44 BPaners |%44 Cleveland San Antonio Omaha & Painters & Pusterers ae & Steuctual Iron Workers & Panters SaltLakeCity LosAngeles Spokane Thenotes indicate that the following workers algo receive this weekly wage: & Plasterers , Bridge & Stcuct. Iron Lorkers & 8c & Steuctual [ron Workers a& ers & Bridge & Structual [ron Workers a Padecs di Pasaters _ Cedwor Sf esearch Aateattal Ftucation Cssectaliot The data in Chart III, relative to wages in building trades, were obtained from the local federations of labor, tr councils, central labor unions, or central labor councils in each city. [18] - TA at FD) FD) OT) ee eet eet the hi i, al - te eae tae 7 TABLE 9.—PURCHASING POWER OF THE DOL AND RECENT PER CENT OF INCREASE LAR IN 19 CITIES—1914 TO IN COST OF LIVING | | City Food . | I | Baltimore, Md.. | $153.00 Boston, Mass. | 147.80 Buffalo, N. Y.. 151.60 Chicago, Ill.... | 156.20 Cleveland, Ohio 146 . 20 Detroit, Mich.... | 149.70 Houston, Texas... | 154.40 Jacksonville, Fla. | 140.00 Los Angeles, Calif | 138.80 Mobile, Ala 149.70 New York, N. Y. 150.00 Norfolk, Va..... } 146.00 Philadel »hia, Pa. 146.40 Portland, Me ‘ 152.40 Portland, Ore.. | 136.10 San Francisco, Calif | 142.10 Savannah, Ga..... | 125.10 Seattle, Wash....... ...| 135.80 Washington, D. C.. | 153.60 These figures are from Changes in * Decrease. Sum required to purchase in December, 1924, what $100 Pr bought in December, 1914, when purchasing f Clothing $176 189 179 167 72 176 195 194 180 153 3 20 10 00 80 v0 10 60 60 10 40 70 10 10 OO 20 50 SO 40 SO Fuel Housing and | light $172 0 $188.70 152.40 | 193.70 176.80 217.90 05 80 156.10 178.60 244.10 203 . 80 182.70 134.70 144.30 l 0 172.90 193.30 134.40 140.90 190.20 167.10 193 .90 159.40 199.10 175.30 | 194.80 128.80 199.60 142.90 162.40 139.40 | 153.50 141.00 162.20 163.70 159.60 16.70 144.90 24, 1925, Ur Furniture Miscel- All Se and furn- laneous items ishings articles Dex $225.70 $207 .10 $174.81 is 10 185 90 167 | 3 221.00 00 90 177.80 221.90 190.70 175.30 213.40 212.10 178.10 198.10 225.40 182.20 243.00 188.00 170.50 40 199.10 170.40 70 204 . 20 175.40 207 . 20 194.30 | 163.90 219.40 216.70 176.50 ! 202.10 203.40 | 172.10 200.50 217.60 176.10 226.00 187.20 | 166.00 202.20 174.40 155.80 214.70 172.70 160.10 298 70 177 .50 156.30 ( 241.10 | 196 10 167 .80 225 . 20 176.50 | 163.10 i States Department of Labor ' ly 24 CHART IV | PURCHASING POWER o& TEACHERS’ SALARIES 1914~ 1924 Index Number 210 | 180 1507 t [19] de 120 | | . | | L100 | | | . 90 ~— - $+—_—_ | | _ + Cast of « *, 4 a } J i. “i jen ae ae ee Marchasing sbwe = be - | WY Caachers Salary cage ead } 6O | | | | | 1913 ‘14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 ee 23 2 Ueac a ABSAMISE Le "a Vetona Ctucoattot Chart IV is based on data in Table 7. In studying Chart IV, keep eye on the “base line” at 100. N he purchasing power of the average salary for teachers was below 100 1914 and from 1916 to 192( This means that during this period teachers’ “real” salaries were less 1913 Teachers’ Salaries and National Progress Approximately 65 per cent of the total current expenses of operating the public schools of the United States goes for teachers’ Chart V shows why school costs The two salaries. are greater today than ever before. chief reasons are: (1) Increase in the num- ber of children to be taught and (2) increase in the cost of living. A third factor which is less easily measured but which should in the future perhaps be most important of all is the increased demands made upon the modern teacher. A parent recently wrote concerning his children: “I want their minds developed ; I want them to know how to think; I want School Salaries Paid in 1924-1925 them to desire knowledge, to have init to have self-confidence ; and | trust the ting all that to the school.” Their “get these valuable traits depends entirely the teacher. The type of teacher which get depends upon the salary paid. ‘lhe cational significance of teachers’ salaries already been pointed out. Salaries di mine largely: (1) The people attracted to the sion, (2) the preparation and training ot! teachers secured, (3) the kind of tea retained, (4) the morale of the teaching s' and (5) the place of teachers in the lif the community. When one considers the increase in nun of children to be taught, the increase in caliber oft teaching pr CHART V Elementary School Enrolment High School ‘Enrolment 1022 1012 Elementary & High School Enrolment 1929 iS 152. O57 | PERLE TIS Aurchasing 1013 fower of the Dotlar 1924 WHY SCHOOL CosTs HAVE INCREASED Data in Chart V, relative to elementary and —- school enrolment are based on figures of United States Burea Education. Siatistics. Data, relative to purchasing power o dollar, are based on figures of the United States Bureau of | Ce eae atlas ts aa la cost of living, and the increase in demands made upon the teacher, he does not question the wisdom of present expenditures for pub lic schools. He questions rather whether or not the total appropriation for public educa- tion is sufficient. Teachers’ Salaries Paid in Cities in 1925 In October, 1924, the Division of Research of the National Education Association sent a copy of the Salary Inquiry, reproduced on pages 68 to 70, to all superintendents of schools of all cities in the United States 2500 or more in population. ‘The response to the Inquiry was more tham representative. plies were received from 1449 cities in time The cities Re to be included in the tabulation. replying in each population group are given on pages 63 to 67. The whole-hearted response to the Inquiry TABLE 11.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID TEACHERS, made it impossible to present Salary dat I all of the individual cities Table 10 gives a complete picture of the salaries paid el mentary teachers in 56 cities over 100.000 A comparison of the median shows in population. paid in 1923 with that paid in 1925 +} af an increase in the median salary In le ore majority of cities of this size. Table 10 on 24 and 25 the type of data which are available through pages illusts ites the Special Salary Service of the Division of Research of the National Education Associa tion. ‘This Service presents complete informa tion concerning the salary situation in the 1449 cities which replied to the recent inquiry This section of the Bulletin summarizes a part of these data. Table 11, on this page, and Charts VI and VII, on pages 22 and 23, show distribution of median salaries paid 141,252 elementary ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOL 1924-1925 Number of c 100,000. Similarly read median salaries paid high school teachers. 700-799 is the median salary paid elementary teachers in 30 cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000 ities paying median salary indicated for Amount of Elementary teachers where populaticn is High school teachers where population i: median salary 2,500 to | 5,000 to |10,000 to|30,000 to| Over 2,500 to | 5,000 to 10,000 to 30,000 to} Over 5,000 10,000 | 30,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 5,000 10,000 | 30,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 1 2 3 D f FS ) ; 7 Below $600 l 600-— 699 9 1 l 700— 799 30 7 1 800— 899 45 27 7 1 l 900— 999 93 33 15 2 9 l 1000-1099 105 34 25 6 12 } 1100-1199 101 63 31 8 I 31 9 1200-1299 79 60 41 14 ? 38 19 ‘ | 1300-1399 51 51 48 16 ; 99 30 14 1400-1499 sos 30 40 44 20 2 97 a) 1S ; 1500-1599... wt at 16 27 35 4] 4 100 7 } } 1600-1699... 14 15 20 17 y 47 65 yw) 14 I 1700-1799... 1 | 4 6 7 9 »”) 38 1S 11 1800-1899 | 1 4 4 11 10 25 ‘4 6 1900-1999 2 2 11 7 i 10 , 20 1 2000-2099 1 2 3 7 12 11 13 1 2100-2199 9 11 5 2200-2299 : 1 1 ; 4 % 2300-2399 1 ‘ 6 ’ 2400-2499 l 1 ; 8 2500-2599 ‘ : ) 1 2600-2699 1 , ’ 2 r ‘ 2700-2799 1 2 2800-2899 1 l 1 2900-2999 3000-3999 i 3100-3199 l 3200-3299 4 3300-3399 3400 and over ee ..| 580 366 281 160 56 498 337 264 154 56 Read Table 11 as follows: Below $600 is the median salary paid elementary teachers in one city with a population of 2,500 to 5,000. $600-699 is the median salary paid in 9 cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000. It is aleo the median salary paid in one city with a population of 5,000 to 10,000, and in one city with a population of 30,000 t ete [ 21 J CHART VI R 100,000 IN POPULATION ° ‘PelowZ600- 800- 1000s « 200- + 1400- 1600- 100- 2000- 220- 2400 "2600- 2800- 3000- 3200- 3400- 600 899 1099 1299 499 VeRO 1899 2099 2299 2499 2699 2899 3099 3299 and over NumMbER » CITIES Ao + 30 } =: MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN IGO CITIES a ==" 30,00070100,000 IN POPULATION 10 fF = ====8—. 4—_}_ 44} 4) © 6. —}—-$-+-$ FF $$ 4 a a ry a a 800- 1000- 1200- 1400- 1600- 1800- 2000- 2200~ 2400- 2600- 2800- 3000- 3200- 3400- wut 399 1099 299 1499 1699 1899 2099 2799 2499 2699 2899 3099 3299 and over NUMBER ¥ CITIES o— eens 40 -—— 2 ae _ Se MEDIAN SALARIES DAID IN » S===== 281 CITIES 20 =: ; 10,000 © 30,000 IN DODULATION 10 =: ~ ee 4 fe) i aa i a 1 4 i 4 4 4 4 rn i rn 4 a 800- 000- 1200- 400- 600- 1800- 2000- 2200- 2400- 200- 200- 3000 "F200- 5400- ° 099 1299 1499 tooo 1899 2099 2299 2499 2699 2899 3099 m9 and over NUMBER of CITIES MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN 60 + ma | 366 CITIES 0 | _ 5,000 910,000 IN DODULATION 4 20 + 4 « 3 : 0 Oe ae tt 699 1099 t299 4090 1699 1899 2099 2299 2499 «= 2699 2999 3099 3299 and over : NoMBER o CITIES til f 100 | == ; | a } | | 7» ; MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN ‘ » 2 580 CITIES 2500795000 IN DODULATION | Bo \ y Cc =2Ctties I 7 ee oe 2 2 ‘Median Salary —— Teton, Eo wa Given MEDIAN SALARIES PAID ELEMENTARY TEACHEDS IN 1443 CITIES = MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN 56 CITIES Chart VI is based on data in Table 11. It ¢hows, for five population groups, the number of cities w have median salaries for elementary teachers, falling in the group “below $600,” “3600-699,” etc. [ 22 } i TES) } ES oj th Rt hl URL Aine eat NT 2 : 4 ’ ’ I } i. } ' Bed CHARI “VII | MEDIAN SALARIES PAID HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN 1309 CITIES | Numpgn 7 CITIES MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN 56 CITIES | OVER 100,000 POPULATION 0 yz ai = — ail i bi tp x 1 [ $300 S00 > 1099 499 188 ; | NUMBER +f CITIES 40 = MEDIAN SALARIES DAID IN I54 CITIES £0 30,000 T°100,000 IN DODULATION . | = Prion Z600- 800 1000- 1201 1404 0) 100 x 6 NUMBER of CITIES = ‘ is m 50 7 40 . MEDIAN SALARIES DAID IN | 264 CITIES oi : | 10.000 rv 30,000 IN DOPULATION === oF —i— t— +++ = © "Beedse0 800° WOO IFO 00 "2000" - <600- of “MAK $600 S699 899 We any \ Number? CITIES 60 f 20 = | : === MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN| = 337 CITIES 50 — 5,000 To 10,000 IN DODULATION f + + | f } L | od = = : | — = | =— = 0} — ++ 4 r++} | 5 } t 4 + + ; o tet et Oo Nouynens/Citizs 10 | = 6 a as | === am | === === } + ” == MEDIAN SALARIES PAID IN . =5 498 CITIES === 2,500 05,000 IN POPULATION 50 + Se Se E t t f—— a ee j ad ae ee t j x} ae i t = + } =SSSS== 20 } = —s a | gEEEEETS é : rf — - == + r += == os —_— ii tsi mn 4 deh 4 Median Salary ewan Odden, Mittonal Ftecatior ] Chart VII is based on data in Table 11. It shows, for five population groups, the number of cities which have median salaries for high school teachers, falling [ 23 in the below $600," “$600-699,"" ete J group v > € d 4 , vez | ts 29 , a at zose 4 OSTT T c99t seZet Camo ) 6700) wees ****!99d 16> | o> [ee [Ge [se joe | ce § 000¢ | 90ZT | O00% | OO0Z | P9TCHZ OperoL weea J t tz j|se jozz jee |e jes jez | 62 . 20002] OOTT | LOST | O69T | EGg7dT wo3 fag ae 60T | 40z [492 | 6TZ [GS | ZET | L9T [4ST | 002 ot 0962 | OOZT | CSET | ZEGT | Then6s pueleaeto erie zt jte9 js9 |S9 tt |2z |99 |29 | es 6 0002 | OOTT | 002 | 000% | LbzZTOP sy yeUNpoUTO “— 8 e9z |6s |99 [os |ee [69 [ez | zt ot 0002] COOT | JO6T | O64T | BOPROZ Olay Niele TET | OTST| 4G | 909 [22> | AvP | HeP [LOD] 99C G6eT | Se2t oT%0 sate oe jeg jee jc6 [ze |S9 [ce [ee | oF 3 Q00Z | COZT | 906T | BG4T | OSLGEZ 20) 8eqo04 leez 699 |tz6 |zz | 99 |tett]}st9 |ago [ese] ee" osze| onst | toez | 9092 | gvOOTES R10 aon epics eeeelogs |Ttt | Sot jté |z9 [ze jee | szt a 00902 | OO2T | GoOz | G00z | Szz90¢ OTWs IE efctes ¢ z seeelop ota |tz ject |tz | 2 ot OG8T}| OOTT | GbzT pvectt meaty Tez ae6 | tetz|2z2 | 926 jezst/ co. | zzz |azst | sez svsz | vecz 40x SON nine eeeelg os |06 jtz 4 20002] OOTT| 2091 | LzST uoyuedy vane oo |* 8b | zot jos 9002s | 002 Teet | o9eT uo sieyed 2 % |06 |6tT | cot jz ot gO4Z | COST] ese | b4TS | PESHTY a | oe Tet |ve jce joo |16 0092 | SOFT] Blut | 4G4t | €OTVEZ 4450 feaser coos ‘ ez jst | zat jz ra Z| OUTT | OFLT | BIST | GOS9TT z 3zs | 19t [ese | tev | los zegt | OOeT — 9IZ |SS |z9 | 9SI joe 9 200TZ | OO2T | est | Lzat | LO9TET ree 912 |SS [49 | 9ST |9S eoet | 2zeT os @z> |OSl joy | Gel | 9TI ot 000%Z | OOZT | BET | THOT | LéazLZ oerr OS {68 |90L | [lz | 2st ot 000Zz | OOZL | L9ZT | OGLT | OT¥PZE oene fL> |692 [9S |OGs |e9z 4st | Ozet ed: se ces 3 Bus ot OO4T | GOTT | LEST | ZO9T | SE9vez Mito 4 4t |666 [49 [48 |96 y900Z 0021 | OTeT | 969T | cegoee 4t [668 [99 196 [92¥ OZ4t | 6T9T e Tt (e6 |s¢ j99 8 000g | COZT | BLOT | THST | He9eCT rind ef [496 [cee | 992 | 292 3 0002 | COST | O9ET | OPET | GL9C66 Peer T> |996 j9oe | Tze jose 2z6T | O8ZT eoee 2 ot jt jee jez 9 OST | COZT | ODST *SL6LT — inaleted T 2g2 |62 o OOST | COST | COST | COST | HT96ZT gin IS 42 |e2t 9 OOLT | 002 ooLT 6s4ztt woee poses © zt jeez e OOLT | OOTT | COLT | COST | SevOZT a 2 St jes jeco jee 692T | OBST de pees Foose eee? lege 20Stz | Oozt | test | Tz9t | Gtzzee eee sree leeee iT eee ese test Tz9T aa. it L ¢ OO9T | OOZT | OSET | OOET | a20ze2 OTT Fast not eoee i " ¢ oeet oort fyoniquey sone © pocezooce tees S8BLT | OOZT | BIT | CLIT | LLTTOT 4310 sesusy eee eee ****lgoT vest oL9T secur, ceee | cece a9 otzz | oozt | LTtet eorezt oc Seuyoy Seq seee | eeee “9 Ltt wor eee | cove <9 - 0002 | O0ZT | O86T | POET | VETHTC St lodeuey pul eese 9 OS6T | POET waetpul z sic uw 6 oosz }oost | 2eez | 009z | SOLtOLz oBeoT UO 2 _— ay Lecz | 00gz SvOUTIIT “ven ot OOST | OOOT | GLdT | BG9T | S9TOTT wo wso wT TA eee weer Pad GLit ag9Tt elees, oe) soos | ooee 66 OG6T | QUOT | ST | OPGT | ceszdT weasy ao eee | seco ss - O0et |} O00T | Se4t | H99T | GogEeT yaodeSp tag eeee | eee zat @LST e9ST qno, oeuu0) eoge us zoes2 poozt veo | OSET | TéN99z 9 teauer eee “a vz0z | OS6T OpesoToo 7 98 sew a OO6T | OOFT | pOQET | BEET | 949908 cosjousag wes eoee rs pees 4 200v2 |Oost | 9202 | zz0z | tez9Tz oePUPTERO seer ove ao. works ot 0OZZ | OOVT |] ZOBT | 4O4T [SL99L9 SeTe@uy soy aaes ecé lewee neee zz6t | ezet STELOZT TED sore 2 > t 7 200025) coord @Lzt | 4zzt | 9088zT wera yma weee | cece lowes a , e4zTt 4zzt wecrly ick) Tw per Ls as ul TF z T 03 | 03 | o8 oa { 03 | 03 | 03 | 03] 03 | 09 | oF | OF | 08 | 08 | 08 Jos 03 joosg | pesacdes souy) ame jams | Sz6t gest p20 5 3eT 0008 Tec) szeyoee; | sequng | -Txen -ToTh dod SeTato SeTZETes 50 woTsnasz3stC Joga y Sey ceTes a Ozét WTseTados OOO*OOT 2040 BTITO QU6T-926T ‘SEEHOVES LEVIONTTS CIVe GuTurTYs ~"OT “OR TTEVE 2 1yWUeUr SIOT} ) ~ 0c$s 5 } t : wn ; 319 6 " 1 Of Cc yeindod yy S31} ndod ¢ 100'0E 03 ) p ‘ . - BIT I 00 'O ia 13 sa x 9931N0} ' J} 10} SaTQu3 Areyes oja;dwoy 3 t ~ 8 $1 ~ Zi 441G} JO} OSTB ynq ‘s1eyoORe) ? {juo 30u d @At } JBLIMIIS Se]QUuy—:ELON | | Cooeg ‘amir sain vce oosts § 6} @ayxew sewer aq 2035 Laetes TOOuUSS uit” seta Sul 4«*SteUuD ve; 4ono £IC Tes cma xe seing *H2Qe OEI14S 20; COZP TeUCTitppe Ge UIt« O° may srinses s} Sates amet re seine 1843 81 pezond LzeTee eu *¢ *eettep -g*¥ 43 eeou, 2 asze *2uyujesy 7 ® Teuiou ss. a2 UI}e Sieve: 40; cei ren 2 8} COOTY 'eecTep -g-y Yite e604, 205 COSTS }UPEs. TOOYSS Teasou Ya pe Seow, sO; UTUET UTE ey: s} GOTTIg “St Todeeuu *? “EMo} Xv TOoos eperB oz dn semmpeuog 4uvleg eTfure ‘¢ *eeiJep mY 4 @60U3 420; OBCEY PAW serBep -E*¥Y Ui t# esous 203 OVEZS tsevenesd Tooyos [eSiod 405 uma rwr yi ST OZGzg ‘1 os ty rucote 4noj Wye ©60G: 40; amayUule eu Sapuyes, Toouos Tewsou sites om} Wife Saeyowe? 40; Gruyule eur St COTTE *seaue" uy °*Z *So6TS Og es 3 NOs UEP PS Pegnduos eur * oU2 UO Cet rw, ou3 se pezoni “O06 TB aea0 eatedes Sisyous, AszwiuseTS op 18ul Sac Sey eT ws JO UOTINGIAWIP Suz *T ermpeuoe AaeTer eTPute oo cru} roy aedne , | ‘a : *sieyouss | ey < — . ad Ss uy - - nots arett sa oe 403 pest nbes SBma Ue Tey 340 UOTiIenpes TOOYUSS [CE4OU WU PpeunEsS San 3} ‘Sesto | Sieyows; Lispucoes p *Larjuswste *uezucdsepuyy 20; peatnbes Suyu 200 pip Aeys eenwoeq Jealzequy 03 IINOIJJTP ete" SeTNpeyog AaeTeS eTPutg Suen - } eru3 a Ga 2 os e090 eaty ‘Lins , *¢ wuny peindmaos Uwys 404904 *omeyxres oui ‘Ppejucdes Emmi Kw TI0F 63 UWUR [ Gelpec Oya sexec ouy@ SIua Jo os 742 @teym Sesto UT oll * Let OD Gtisstn *uo ; **o proteg *“S2my ay ueayS yous sy suey peu 18> JO poujen eu *STUT ESR SZ61-SZET Zt steyous; Azejusels pred pegsodes sejsetw jo wT INgi 2381p seato “FE SUNYSS *PE-G SUMMTOD JO TBI02 oy, es¥o Aszeae UT SI § UEMTOD “*semITs SItIS 243 JO 18207 eur st se 48 pertan euy 2 uss Sseyouse; “iequecere 4 eqam sul 2 pel wdes ytui SeTiT wui ST 843%3I¢ eur 403 Beat? soommu ov SZ6T-$c61 UT pertodes szeyous; AzejuemeTe jo Jequmu seato “SWE TOS “UNE xeu OF GMATUTE wors Fuysses#ord uy aynpewec Arereg Aq 10; peptacad sesverouy fenue jo sequmu seatp *T WENYOA SC6I- PTET JOS peqaodes ecTutE pUw auT KUM e43 “S480; 550 TOOYOS jo dnosd sui 40j SeTnpeyos Aaplee peridope sawy seta }° USEUR fn Bt | "$26 I Uy Sutystodes se Woij VIWD UO PeSea OLT SULT PSU TeUOTILY puwe elwis GUL *z PUB T *Sog “TTT oanton “UtISTING Yorwesey eos ‘fprag Azeleg gzéI-Pz61 243 UO PeswQq O24 UsE!T SuBTPe_ *F WERTSH a } * S261 BWiy3s0dea 339 Boss CIVP Go Pesuq SAT SUUT PSE TWUCT ey PUB eIeIC eu *€Z6T Ut | } @40dea j0u pry : ° 4 Tips ous, ° *uo Pur use ° " esy u eonpg Teucyieg * I ee¢ <«f£pnag SIVS CZEI-ZZEl UO pesuq ere uss{F sueytpeg -T WaNYSS a | *ensuep Ozé6T 4339 so uoyaetndod seajn “FP UMYSH | LL | “seaieis fq TTeopzequudye peSueszsze ose Suyqsodes sayato “YT WERTSS eTqey jo uot eueldxg per = T. SOSR THOSE ES SCEE C494 te tg 39 oS v2 Cong 000g 059056000 eeeerT vot at ©0092; COZT | ToPz | COPZ | LETLGD eoaxnea th eeeeleeteleces ed ta ts $9 S v2 “ee seed ee6 sree leeseles yroT Torz 00%2 Uy eu00 eee locos lecee! cons 0$ 3 cs tz oT eoed coed sees leocse loves ies see ot 209Tz | oozT Zzut ott Lervot «e@texods see sees] wore] weeeleceeleeeels opt | oct jet ered TT teed ced ween lees leeeeles 4zot opoz | evel S68T TO6t zteste e132 7805 #+ee eee eee loser eeeele 06t | goz {TS tz $2 seed ceed cece lees leeeeles 299 tet Tat wo pup use, osm one coore 2 eo joc | te |} oo | 19 | te | ee jee je 9c 92S OST] COOT | MTT | SZzTT | s99TLZT puoayo ty ond eeee seeels 6 oe |s x [foe | se f2 Nad estind he zte P OOST} COOT | ezeT LLeGtt ATOsI0N see eee seerle tt 69 oe té 99T | T* ee Po] 602zt | Sztt Syapsata sees tees seeels ge jes zz | te | 9¢ | eb jeer bee & OSLT | O96 OPT | 4ueT | OTTETT £430 @uwT 31S eee seeel eens seeele * is 2 tw ge eb see vec COPT Leet wean eee ee ee ee pera? 40) ag ge 6T waa 8Se 90ZZ | ZTOT | GOST | BEZT | GLETIT es0} UO Iuy Teg tree loreal eens] seen) wee] ween leneeleees| sees! wees leeeel g t I cL gt STtl uz 2 ¢ $69 L 004T| O00T | ezsT 9uzecT u03snoH Pete leeeeleree| eons! sees! eeeelesee| eves eseel cone [eee] const esed sess 2b2 los 92 ee 6t 6 tz? ot OOST | 006 oost 00ST Zer90T Us40a 3404 soos eee tie Lge | Set Tet] vat} o9 vi juz e.g OOST | OFPT euxey ee babes pak T rae di | OT | 6T vt $2 022 OLPT | 096 efzt | GOL | sveertt ell aqeun indate: Veheces “dedae T zt di at 6T vt 2 O82 eezt | 2g0 eossouusy t t te | 86 co j68 62 ve | 99 gh et jee G6. 9 eO0S6T | OOOT Z99t | 2z9T 96SLe2 eoueplscig t t ly | 6 sy |6& 9 oS i@ ey 96s Z99Tt | Lz9T pUsTsl epouy Kiddie) dom) se Tw gt by ov es 92 ge seer Hc 22s rT) goor2 OOOT 6e9T ezet eezeet wo ywBsoSs ra a ae << ot oh. wk lO ebetd tee) Gees ae 6ee 8 OO8T | COOT | TOPT | GSZT | HeLLOT suypvod vt joz jesttice | 69 te. Oe hee et heed aad ates, en Get © 000g | Cozt | Cooz | Ooo | creees Wngesiid 4 i L99Z) 9ZZ | SPS | OLS | GOS | SST |OOs| tas] WE) 1 1 mnie eek es 90er F] 0002 | COST | OOO™T | 6007 | 6LLEzIT vyudlopetrud 82 jes | OV9E) 92s) GLP | Gos | Bzy | OTH [eee] Sev) Oc) BS | G9 | °°" is ened ob. oo0g | s00z Tésuueg ~ Gs | ve| we] cc] te] oc] ot] ot | at] °C] Sty Wty Sty ety tr [or WJ . K 8 . £ ~ a hs (PODM}IUCO) GZ6I-HSEl *SURUOVAL LUVINGNITA CIVd SAIUVIVS —‘oT ‘on ZIaVE SET NAY PAY RRM sey UF ~ “ eons ol = TN NERNEY FE oe Sapres - ~ - -_ ~~ ~~ ——— _ ~ “ ° — bata — — pans il, , siccratic Yas toch a , ' ‘ ; : scott [oe facie 1a ies [sia we | eect | seat | rs t 1 z > “4 t9¢ 694 L941 oe |: a 2 : |e |¥z te | 29 |o» iad | as zzs) | oat—SCO|s«Czosezi ostt | ager | coor | nce j aueseienas i | teachers in 1443 cities and 47,278 high $2000. ‘These data face us squarely wit school teachers in 1309 cities for 1924-25. question: Is every child entitled to an « Chart VI shows that the median salary educational opportunity? ‘The questio: paid elementary teachers in 560 cities of 2500 forced upon us even more strongly by to 5000 in population, or 97 per cent of 580 parison of Tables 10 and 6. The me cities reporting, was less than $1600. salary paid elementary teachers in 56 Chart VII shows that the median salary over 100,000 in population is $1968 paid high school teachers in 482 cities (of median salary paid teachers in one-room 2500 to 5000 in population) or 97 per cent try schools is $755. These data are preset of the 498 cities reporting was less than graphically in Chart VIII on this page. CHART VIII MEDIAN SALARIES PatbD ELEMENTARY TEACHERS IN RuRAL@“URBAN SECTIONS “#e UNITED STATES One teacher Schools Two teacher Schools Three or more teacher Schools if. open country Consolidated Schools ilk | 956 Three or more teacher Schools in villages & tow | Cities 2500 to S000 population Cities §900 to {0,000 population Cities 10,000 to3Q000 | J Median Salary Phousatds of Oellars esearch Dison Aational Etucation Qsscciatior Chart VIII is based on data in Tables 3 and 6. [ 26 J == ee th State Salary Medians for the past two years t alse - Tables 12 to 16 present in summarized growth of the kindergarten and “a form, by States, the median salaries paid school movements teachers and principals in the 1449 cities In Table 13, Columns 2-6 show @ which reported, classified by five population salary paid junior high school t ; roups. A comparison of these tables with grades seven and eight, or seven, ¢ [ables 57-61 in Teachers’ Salaries and Salary nine, when maintained as e| Oe } Trends in 1923' shows the trend in salaries organization er | ; TABLE 12.—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID KINDERGARTEN AND ELEMENT TEACHERS, 1924-1925 ARY ' Kindergarten teachers in cities Elementary teachers in citie with a population of with a population of States ' | 2,500 to 5,000 to |10,000 to|30,000 to) Over 2,500 to | 5,000 to |10,000 to}30,000 t Over | 5,000 10,000 30,000 100,000 | 100,000 5,000 10,000 30,000 100, 00% 100.000 ' I 2 , ¢ 8 } ] United States ; $1269 | $1275 $1370 $1493 $1961 $1129 $1231 | $1354 $1528 $1968 Alabama 750 R10 796 871 Od Arizona 1450 1317 1400 SSO) 1451 1669 Arkansas | 760 795 1149 California ; 1456 1429 | 1445 1700 190: 1404 1562 1666 100 } Colorado 1200 1250 1550 222 { 1330 1392 1661 { : i Connecticut 1150 1250 1300 1550 159 1186 1253 | 1476 i Delaware 1350 ) : Florida | SOO 8 | a“ Georgia 50 RS R55 | 9] O14 ) ‘ Idaho 1184 1210 b Illinois | 1350 1080 131 1355 | 2198 1100 1064 119 144 7 Indiana 1100 | 1175 1343 1624 | 1121 | 1188 131 1563 0 lowa per cen ported the employment of $1503. | In the salaries paid in these cities Ss " Z5UU0 to SVU0OO in ZS St > Yo nu cities wr | r SCHOOL Special class teachers in cities with population of States 2, 500 to | 5,000 to | 10,000 to | 30,000to| Over 5,000 10,000 | 30,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 7) 4 ) United States $1439 $1526 $1528 $1697 $2126 Alabama : 900 1350 \rizona 1800 1663 1763 \rkansas 1225 938 California 1675 1664 1850 29033 1786 Colorado | 1550 1550 L600 2083 Connecticut 1367 1583 1800 1767 Delaware 1850 Florida 850 Georgia | 950 RRO Idaho 1450 Illinois 1275 1400 1191 1540 2614 Indiana a 1575 1617 1575 1644 2010 lowa | 1288 1383 1331 1600 1850 Kansas | 1450 1550 1460 1650 1700 Kentucky.... 1250 950 1250 1550 Louisiana......| 1150 1613 Maine oo 950 1450 1050 Massachusetts. . , 1438 1494 1610 1836 Michigan... .. 1358 1417 1600 1704 2200 Minnesota 1475 1500 1550 1932 1734 Mississippi... .. : 1525 950 Missouri - 1150 1500 1250 1733 2003 Montana ; 1800 1713 1750 Nebraska. . 1150 | 1250 1750 1726 Nevada........| 2050 | New Hampshire} 1250 1538 New Jersey... .| 1600 1733 1900 2117 2346 New Mexico. .. 1475 New York 7 1575 1650 1550 1734 3208 North Carolina. 1050 1150 1650 1217 f North Dakota... ( tem oe 1325 1450 1450 1675 2065 Oklahoma | 1300 | . 1733 1667 Oregon Sal 1650 | 1150 1800 Pennsylvania. . | 1450 | 1610 1475 1621 2300 Rhode Island.. . 1025 1250 1475 1627 | 1864 South Carolina ‘ ne 1330 South Dakota. 1950 | 1700 1550 Tennessee... .. 1050 | 1700 Texas | 1550 1150 , 1200 1825 | | Uteh..........] 2800 “ 1825 Vermont....... 1150 1425 1250 Virginia. ...... | : 1450 1217 1250 1675 Washington... . | 1250 | 1400 1650 1825 1956 West Virginia. . 950 | ues 1150 2036 Wisconsin. .....| 1450 1550 1560 1717 2400 Wyoming... . 1550 1483 1880 a population of 2500 to 5000. $1800 is the median salary paid spe¢ larly read median salaries paid school nurses Read Table 14 as follows: $1439 is the median salary paid spe« > ,500 to 5,000 $1503 1 Hoo 1400 1600 w 601 School nurses in citics with population of 5,000 to 10, $1 l 12 1 I 000 515 soo) 250 Ho 567 $25 +O 75 50 ww) SOO ‘0 350 150 “nM SH) yw) SOO) 140) 1 10,000 t 30,000 $1545 1867 1st) OOO 1600 1450 l at 1650 1750 1850 oO 30,000 to 100,000 $1504 1500 ltt) Over 100,000 [29] ——————— was 45, at a median salary of $1515; 10,000 to 30,000 68 per cent at a median salary of $1545; in cities 30,000 to 100,000 87 per cent at a median salary of $1504; and in cities, for cities over 100,000 in population 70 cent reported the employment of school nu at a median salary of $1507. Tables 15 and 16 show the median sa! TABLE 15——MEDIAN SALARIES PAID TEACHING AND SUPERVISING E! MENTARY PRINCIPALS IN 1924-1925 Teaching elementary principals Supervising elementary principal; | in cities with population of in cities with population of States { eas —— eer j : ; 2,500 5,000 | 10,000 | 30,000 | Over | 2,500 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 30,000 | © to to to | to 100,000 to | to | to to 10¢ 5,000 10,000 30,000 | 100,000 5,000 10,000 30,000 | 100,000 : Lh a < ee ioe | : 1 2 3 4 6 6 oS 3 ae. 10 United States. . | $1436 | $1533 | $1693 | $1963 | $2390 | $2057 | $1719 | $2140 | $2484 | $33 Alabama 1700 1200 — 1233 1450 2550 1350 1600 1538 2 Arizona 1550 1760 2050 2650 2050 2450 | Arkansas 1250 1250 1400 2290 1875 | 2950 California. ... 1865 1967 2246 2444 2435 2425 2100 2314 | 2878 Colorado 1625 1650 1883 | 2275 2950 19 2250 2733 2575 Connecticut... . 1525 1613 1894 2279 2178 1550 2250 2058 | 2525 2 I cic 5 a Gian ee era de t+ seep bennds eal , 1850 ; 228 I ree Wha eps 1200 — 1250 2150 | 1280 Georgia 1200—| 1200—} 1200—| 1950 | ; ’ 1633 2200 | Teta ee 1290 1525 ee ary 2050 | | Illinois 1350 1380 1583 1808 1950 1417 1833 | 2417 $S\ Indiana 1329 1529 1763 2000 2223 - 1933 2508 2 lowa 1238 1317 1695 1850 1550 1483 1820 | 2429 | 2¢ Kansas : 1267 1650 1600 2220 2032 1500 1450 1750 |.. | Kentucky... . 1200—; 1600 1300 1550 15; oot 2050 1825 | 198 Louisiana, . 1250 . 2475 2350 2 Maine 1200—| 1233 1200 — 1950 2150 2450 Maryland 1550 1650 AE ee a Massachusetts. . 1550 | 1642 | 167i | 1750° |’ 2250 |’ 2295 "| “2186 |’ 2370' |‘ 2s Michigan. . . 1450 1500 1742 1961 2250 2050 2250 1650 2163 | 361 Minnesota 1318 1291 1575 1963 2225 1900 | 1850 2033 2475 27 Mississippi. . 1275 1200 — 1367 | 1650 1400 al Missouri... 1300 1272 1238 2000 2357 2900 1670 2350 | 35 Montana 1550 1950 1975 2150 ‘ cree 2050 2231 Nebraska. . 1383 1380 1750 2117 250 2275 1750 2475 | 267 New Hampshire 1200—|.. ye : 1800 ; 4 L | 2169 New Jersey. ... 1950 1875 1900 2500 2100 2450 2292 3036 3360 35 OG ae re 1600 wie end ‘ ? ; : P New York Cos vu deus 1550 1693 1888 2163 3608 2850 2113 2017 2555 468 North Carolina... 1700 1817 1650 og ee 1750 1850 2050 2500 North Dakota... . 1500 1550 1650 eee eens, ee wr 2050 Ohio. . 1538 1331 1553 1770 2562 2850 1350 2271 2515 29 Oklahoma 1319 1340 2031 2050 a 205 ee | 2650 R Oregon , , 1490 1590 1575 : e. 2140 : 2125 1700 | 324( Pennsylvania......... 1650 1594 1741 1934 2400 1550 2125 2028 | 2414 351I | Rhode Island............ 1613 1250 1692 1800 3454 1596 1767 | 2538 335 South Carolina......... nes 1250 catad : A Gea ie 2600 South Dakota........... 1433 1458 aie ; 1650 1959 d Tennessee........... 1200 1215 i 4 Bae 1630 eee Beacausn 2550 | 2051 , sa 1275 1335 1586 1800 1866 1800 2100 | 2606 Utah.. we 0 Gin ee ; | aaa — 1650 a es a | 3000 260 OS eee ec” 1200 — 1650 1550 ae Sa Ay) ee . ’ . Ps Aa Sibis a'o cutee 3150 1400 1250 1200 — 1750 . 2050 1850 | 192 2650 Washington............ 17% 1600 1960 2083 2067 1700 1900 2233 2550 3106 West Virginia.......... 1275 1575 1588 1750 1950 ye ae 2260 | 2505 Sp TE 1467 | 1471 | 1625 | 2425 | 2700 700 | 1950 | 2189 | 2467 | 4066 eee 2250 2500 2150 ina 1850 2450 2250 ee _ Read Table 15 as follows: $1436 is the median salary paid teaching elementary principals in the United States in cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000. $1700 is the median salary paid teaching elementary principals in cities of this size in Alabama, etc. Similarly read median salaries paid supervising elementary principals. [30] iD ‘iy Teaching elementary prin paid tid principals. . ce ls are those principals who do some regu in high vho « te : joe - , classroom teaching. | his group 11SO time to tive dut ludes elementary assistant or vice-principals was mai di who devote half-time or more to administra paid me vomen tive or supervisory duties. other pl it the school Supervising elementary principals are thos rreatet a ; who give full-time to administration and __ in this who are the s supervision. tors who e into closest cont ‘ a ° : , ['able 17 shows the distribution of salaries and facult TABLE 16—MEDIAN SALARIES PAID JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH Ss PRINCIPALS IN 1924-1925 Junior high school principals in Senior high schoo! cities with population of cities with popu States 2,500 5,000 10,000 30,000 Over 500 5,000 10,000 to to to to 100,000 t to to 5,000 10,000 30,000 100,000 00 10,000 30,000 00.00% / \ United States $1742 $2045 $2568 $3106 $3593 00 $2728 $332 Alabama ( Arizona aod " Ar insas 20 4) rot) ) i) California 2650 y TT Ain i { Colorado 22K 21K 7 { Connecticut 2150 0 Delaware Florida 1350 (Creorgia ) Idaho 1850 207 0 Illinois 127 1550 ) ” n Indiana 1400 1900 2 100 150 lowa 1550 250 850 BR 1) + Kansas 2000 2450 rf S Ooo Kentucky OK 2000 n Louisiana Maine 1650 2000 O50) Maryland £300 Massachusetts 2300 9383 PRK 135 1/ ws Michigan 1650 1950 2450 50 (4 y 1) Minnesota | 1575 1650 262 100 Vat r On Mississippi 1650 1850 1 0 ) 7 Missouri 1250 1825 1900 LOH ) ‘ Montana 2100 2050 29250 Nebraska } 1725 2150 2950 2800 47 Oni New Hampshire | 2050 New Jersey 2250 3700 3700 1500 1150 { ‘ 10M New Mexico New York ; 2350 1950 2750 2950 O00 { 0) ¥ North Carolina |} 1200 1) North Dakota | 1600 1950 |} 2450 150 0) Ohio 1550 1650 2950 9675 $17 Oklahoma. . 1800 1450 2417 5650 7 > Oregon 1475 1550 1800 7 B50 Pennsylvania. . | 2000 2150 2550 3067 1450 XI ERR Rhode Island 250 000 South Carolina x50 South Dakota 2650 2550 10 4100 Tennessee. . . 1500 2350 9100 “ 7 Texas 1700 | 2650 10K . 0 ( . Utah. | 3500 ( Vermont ‘ 2950 2650 mM ono Lo") Virginia 1750 2650 M 0 800 % M Washington 2150 2600 TOO ) { Tih) ‘ West Virginia |} 1400 3700 1000 M 0 ' Wisconsin...... 2050 2075 2675 3250 7) 3 Wyoming. . 2250 2450 52 0) 7 _ Read Table 16 as follows: $1742 is the median salary paid ( n the . cities with a population of 2,500 to 5,000. $2050 is the median salar r high sch prin size in Arkansas, etc. Similarly read median salaries paid senior hig! pals HOO! [31] Table 18 shows the distribution of salaries paid clerks in principals’ offices as well as clerks in offices of administrative and super- visory officers. These data are shown graph- ically for cities of the five population groups in Charts 1X and X. The provision of adequate clerical service is one of the best ways of increasing the efficiency of capable principals, administrators, and supervisors. Too many school boards make the mistake of hiring a first class principal or superintendent, paying him a first class salary and supplying him with so small a clerical staff that neces- sity demands that he spend most of his time TABLE 17.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ASSISTANT OR VICE-PRINC! PALS, DEANS, ETC doing clerical work that should be delega: to a clerk and thus leave the administrZ time to do the job for which he was re hired. Table 19 shows the distribution of sala: paid janitors in cities of all population grou The Salary Inquiry asked specifically ¢ only the salaries of regular, full-time janit employed on the annual or school year b be listed. Table 20 shows the proportion cities that employ janitors individually contract with one individual for the w! system who is paid in one lump sum. . IN HIGH SCHOOLS 1 | | | 48 cities 76 cities Amount of salary over 100,000 Bae An in population uw in population 1 2 3 Below $1200.... ‘ . eae 3 1200-1299... cele cee ry 1300-1399... ell > een ae 1400-1499... 0092 z el 6I > 00ST Z z 6% Lz z z 5 OOS I z te z Z-00EZ I 8 OF ¢ 6622-0022 I I L o¢ I £ 661Z—-001Z z I z ral 68 z I P 6602-0002 z I £ It thP z P 8 6661-0061 € £ eI OF 061 I Zz 6 ai 668 T-O008 I z z t 6 FEL Z rat 66L1-00LI I t IT ee 9FI I I 91 or 6691-009T Zz ol 1Z 9g 62% t I ZI lt 669 T-O0¢T I Z ol Z 002 z I g Le 66% 1-O00FT q 61 2% tg 191 £ t at 8t 6621-008 T eI £2 OF | +9 Lge £ Z 4 ro 662 [-002 I ¢ ral gI t€ 89Z Z z cI oF 6611T-O0LT Z 2% bt 18 OZE Z 91 ce 18 6601-0001 G 1Z wz e€¢ IZ ot 8 8 86 666-006 ol ZI Z £¢ 10* Il g Ze 86 668-008 tI ol SI oF oZ% 6 ral 8Z Zot 662-002 LI oe + 91 Z0Z ec IT 9e z9 669-0098 £e 0Z ¢ 8 I1z 8ST ¥E ce oy | 0098 “OTe si g! i or 6 8 Z 9 v | t s é r eae ar as iar ——! a ame oar mm ae | = a eeanee ea seID | wonsindod | voneindod uoysindod | uonendod | uoneindod | SeT}ID wonsindod | uoyemndod | uoneindod | uoneindod | uoneindod 909 ut 000‘S | urgoo‘or | ooo‘oe | a 00000T | ur | 9Is Ut 000‘S um 000°0T | tooo‘oe | 4! 000‘00T ul 403 0} 00S‘Z 0000'S | % O00‘OI ©} 000°0E | 000‘0Gi 2240 103 0} 00S*Z ; & 000‘S ©} 000°0I | % 000‘DE 000001 3240 Areyes T30L | SenP SIT Sent9 SbI SOM 2ST | SRP IFT | SRPOS | TH30L Sen FL SOHN 48 | SPH LZOL | «Sent LET sen Is | jo — | me : | | —s yunoury SI29YO eyeIjsiurmpy pue Asostasedns jo sexo UI SHIe[D | seoyo sTediouug ul syx1e15 SHHOIaAO AMOSIANAdMNS UNV FAILVALSININGV 40 SHOIdAO NI SHAATO AGNV SHOMAO SIVdIONIAad NI SHAHID GiVd SHIAVIVS AO NOILNAINLSIG—s!I AIAVIL [33] CHART IX MEDIAN SALARIES PAID SCHOOL CLERKS IN PRINCIPALS’ OFFICES “In 74 Cities 2500 to O00 population CIn 87 Cities 5000 to 10,000 population Cla 167 Cities 10,000 to 3Q000 population CT 137 Cities 30,000 to 100,000 population “In61 Cities ovec .100,000 population | ! 1 | | | l | J | | | KMediaa Salacy Hurdteds at Lollars — Laesearcck Oarstor Satwonad Fducatior Ass CHART X MEDIAN SALARIES PAID CLERKS INADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPERVISORY OFFICES population ‘1n 145 Cities 5,000 to 10,000 1054 population “Iri 15SQ Cities 10,000 30,000 poputatoon “In 141 Cities 30,000 to100, population “In 50 Cities — over 100,000 454 | population L B ' | a. ae i i | l | | | | AKedian Salary Ftundeeds ef Dollars esearch Owt¢swr ASational Stucation Cssociatior Charts IX and X are based on data in Table 18. [34] - —ev—vwV3W™= Ui ewaekers 1 1 1 1 1 5 ee wa 4 3600— 3799. . 1 1 1 daa 6 : 2 2 3400—- 3500....}......... 1 1 2¢ 3 1 1 3 2 3200- eee 1 S - hreedoies 4 1 1 1 NE Pe eer eee ee ee 3 1 3 2 2 4 ee EG agi Sa Gnas Ghieineee 94s - . taevemteasieccura than 1 2 1 l ee S “GiivaWee veces 1 1 3 2 3 2 NRE SA SR FS eR ee See Bi i Se eee 4 5 5 2 ESTEE. CRT ROL CTT ete ey ee ee eee 3 4 . ES a ee ere. ee Pa eee 1 2 5 2 ERR: EER” Tt et ER Re Sse 8 3 ’ RS A ee eee Te FPF e Ss Fees 2 1 1 RS GREE eee eee ee CS 7 3 ; Total...... 52 45 33 42 26 40 40 43 33 Read Table 21 as follows: Three superintendents of schools were reported receiving $15000 and over, none a salary | between $14000 and 14999, etc., (column 2), Of the 56 cities of this size replying 52 reported the salary paid the super- intendent. The median paid was . Similarly read other columns, except that for Assistant Superintendents. The distribution of salaries given for Assistant +4 ~ in column 3 is for the highest paid (first assistant super- intendent) for 45 cities, and that given in column 4 is for the lowest paid assistant superintendents of 33 cities. 1 One of this number is also director of recearch. 2 One of this number is also business manager. * One of this number is also business manager, superintendent of buildings and grounds and chief attendance officer. « Two of this number are also business managers. * One of this number is also assistant superintendent * One of this number also acts as secretary of board. 1 One of this number is also superintendent of buildings and grounds. HEN SCHOOL patrons realize that teachers are entitled toa professional increase | which they have never received there will be less talk of going back to pre-war | levels —Myra L. Snow, Addresses and Proceedings, National Education Association, 1922, p. 276. [36] hit ne =~ S him not less than $6500. But what about next year? Will salaries be higher or lower? Table 7, Column 2, on page 17, shows that for the past ten years there has been a gradual increase in salaries. The next question is: What about the index of the cost of living? Table 7 also shows that the cost of living is 70 per cent higher than in 1913 and that in most items there has been an increase since September, 1924. The school board of a particular city is in a position to draw conclusions about what to pay its administrative officers, as well as its after: (1) place of education in its scheme of values. teachers, only Considering the (2) after determining the caliber of school administrators and teachers wanted, (3) afte: examining the salaries paid in 1924-1925, (4) after investigating the trend of salaries paid for the past ten years, and (5) after ascet taining the purchasing power of the present dollar, that is after considering its real value in terms of the index of the cost of living. TABLE 22.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS, 1924-1925 Cities 30,000 to 100,000 Population ; Associate Salaries yee eg or assistant Secretary = of schools | SUPerin- | of beare 1 2 3 y Median $6000 $3700 | $2700 | $13000 and over 1 12000-12999. .... . 11000-11999. . l | 1000-10999. . 1 9300— 9999 2 | 8)00— 8999 5 } 75 7999 9 7000— 7499 15 6500— 6999 13 1 6000— 6499 41 l 500- 59909..... ll 1 5000— 5499 19 l 5 4800— 4999 6 1 2! 4600— 4799..... 3 13 4400-— 4599. s ; | 44 4200— 4399. . 3 4! 23 4000— 4199. . 2 5 6! 3800— 3999. 3 4° 3600- 3799. . 6 63 3400— 3599. . 2 | 4 33 3200— 3399. . 4 33 3000— 3199. 4 | ges 2800— 2999 2 | 2600- 2799. 1 | 2400— 2599.. 2 125 2200— 2399. 1 1 2000- 2199 1 7 1800— 1999. . 33 1600— 1799 l | 1400— 1599 2 1200— 1399. . 2 1000— 1199.... 3 800 , 999... . I 600-" 799.... 3 400- 599. . 1 200—- 399 : : Below 200... .. 3 Total. | 142 45 99 with salaries between $12000 and $12999, etc. superintendent. The median salary paid was $6000. trative officers. ? One of this number is also secretary to board and su board; Note 9, two are secretaries to boards of education. = Read Table 22 as follows: One superintendent of schools was reported receiving a salary of $13,000 and over; none Of the 158 cities of this size replying, 142 reported salary paid the Similarly read the distribution of salaries paid other adminis ! One of this number is also assistant superintendent and business manager ? Notes 2 to 5, inclusive, indicate that secretary of board also acts as business manager board are also business managers; Note 3, one; Note 4, three; Note 5, four * One of this number is also business manager and superintendent of buildings and grounds rintendent of buildings and grounds ** Notes 8 and 9 indicate that secretary to superintendent also acts as secretary of board; Note 8, one is secretary of . | | Director Business a, Secretary Chief research manager | buildings to superin- | attendance | tests and and grounds tendent officer neasure ments 5 6 7 fal $3400 $2500 $1600 | $1900 | $2500 l l l 2 | l 2 | | l l 6 i) l l i l 3? 2 6 | 10 | l l ] 3 l 6 3 2 7 2 7 l 5 22 78 7 S 6 5 7 1 8 13° 22 $ 6 23 20 4 2 15° 7 l j ; 28 10 | 2 168 | 6 gs 8 l 3 l l 2 3 l 36 92 122 107 27 Note 2, two secretaries of AKING INTO account the depreciation of the value of the dollar and the increase of population and of school attendance in these years, one sees that the increase in amount spent upon public schools is not only justified, but it is in reality not an in- crease at all—American Educational Digest, October, 1924, p. 63. [ 37 J Oi EE eS = TABLE 23.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICEF Cities 10,000 to 1924-1925 30,000 Population | . : Direct : Associate Superin- an Salaries mes mee or assistant | Secretary | Business | tendent of Soporte ee Pe i a paid ef schools superin- of board | manager buildings sontone effieer measu " tendent and grounds sant 1 2 3 , 5 6 ? & | = = | oom ——E - -_ Median $4500 $2950 $1000 $2600 $2020 $1270 $1150 | $2000 $7000-7999 5 6000-6999 17 5500-5999 12 , | 5000-5499 $21 13 1800-4999 10 1 4600-4799 11 4400-4599 27 4200-4399 22 ‘ j 41000-4199 33 1 l Ae ¢ 3800-3999 12 1 ‘ 1 . | l 3600-3799 16 2 1 1 1 3400-3599 14 1 224 1 3200-3399 7 2? 3r6 3 | 3000-3199 5 3 5? 1 1 l l 2800-2999 1 1 1 | 1 2 | l 2600-2799 re 2 2 3 2 l ] 2 2400-2599 ‘ 2 11-6 1 9’ 4 3 “ 2200-2399 : 1 2 5 1 l 3 2000-2199 1 3 5 2 147 6 2 t 1800-1999 1 132 3 12 16° 12 2 1600-1799 1 1 a a 2 1810 12 1400-1599 ‘ Q ‘ : 9 38 20 1200-1399 s 1 4 4g 19 1000-1199 9 1 39 16 800— 999 9 1 22 16 l 600— 799 24 rn 9 18 1 400— 599 17 2 ‘ 15 200— 399 22 1 1 10 Below 200 2 Total 235 21 151 16 69 206 | 146 26 | Read Table 23 as follows: Five superintendents of schools were reported receiving salaries between $7000 and $7999 17, salaries between $6000 and $6999, etc. Of the 281 cities of this size replying, 235 reported the salaries paid superit tendents of schools. The median salary paid was $4500. Similarly read the distribution of salaries paid other ad ministrative officers. ' Two of this number are supervising principals, ? One of this number is also business manager. * Also assistant superintendent and business manager. ** Notes 4 and 6 indicate that secretary of board also acts as business manager and superintendent of buildings and grounds; Note 4, one of these secretaries is also business manager and superintendent of buildings and grounds; Not: 6, two. ® One of this number is also superintendent of buildings and grounds. 7 One of this number is also chief attendance officer. ** © Notes 8-10, inclusive, indicate that the secretary to superintendent also acts as secretary of board. 8, one is also secretary of board; Note 9, three; Note 10, two. Note DUCATION FOR the children of all the people, extending from the primary grades through the university, constitutes America’s noblest contribution to civilization. No child or youth in the United States need be deprived of the benefits of education suited to his age and degree of advancement. Nevertheless, either through negligence or because of unfortunate circumstances which might be controlled with sufficient effort, large numbers of children do not receive the full preparation for their life’s work to which they are justly entitled. Many have reached maturity without even the rudimenis of education. This condition demands the solicitude of all patriotic citizens. It involves not only the persons immediately concerned and the communities in which they live, but the nation itself, for the welfare of the country depends upon the character and the intelligence of those who cast the ballots. Education has come to be nearer to the hearts of the American people than any other single public interest. The plan of maintaining educational institutions from public funds did not originally prevail in most of the states, and even where it was in use it was but feebly developed in the early days of the Republic. That plan did not arise spontaneously in the minds of all citizens. It was only when the suggestion came forcefully, convincingly and repeatedly from a few pioneers that popular interest was fully aroused. Vigorous campaigns were required not only to establish the idea of public education, but also for its maintenance and for its important extensions.—Calvin Coolidge, Proclamation, November 12, 1924. [ 38 ] —EEE ER Rheindai edie. | §=6rABLE 24.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS 1924-1925 Cities 5,000 to 10,000 Population : Associate or Superin — Salaries ————: assistant Secretary Business tendent of gers t Peer f : ei paid é school superin of board manager buildings r I ; wae attendar and of schoois tendent and grounds endent offic ss Median $3600 2450 $420 $2150 $1800 $1080 $540 $1 201 $H000-6999 6 (00-5999 is) 5000-5499 20 1800-4999 5 1600-4799 5 1400-4589 17 1200-43900 20 1000-4199 1s 3800-3999 16 00-3799 38 5400-3599 3s 2 3200-3399 22 I l 000-3 199 6 2800-2999 6 ] 2600-2799 i) ] 2400-2599 ‘ 2 l l 2200 2399 1 000-2199 y 4 l | 1800-1999 l 1] 1600-1799 l l 11 1400-1599 l } l 9] ‘ 1200-1399 6 1s ‘ 1000-1199 yf SOU) 999 19 e 600— 799 Ss ) ‘ 500-— 599 10 } ( 1O00— 499 12 13 300— 399 oi ‘ 200— 299 13 Below 200 ‘1 Total 291 12 171 6 23 210 109 Read Table 24 as follows: Six superintendents of schools were report receiving slar C60) $6999: 5, salaries between $5,500 and $5,999, et« Of the 365 cities of th e replying, 291 f superintendents of schools he median salary paid was $3600. Sir tl tril idministrative officers | One of this number is also director of vocationa lucation One of this number is supervising principa ° Notes 3 and 10 indicate that these officers also act as secretar rd: Note 1 10, 2 ‘One of this number is also superintendent of buildings and grounds i ef attendance Also business manager and superintendent of buildings and gr 6 One of this number is also secretary to the superintendent One of this number is also chief attendance officer and business ma ® One of this number is also secretary of board and attendance officer * One of this number is also clerk, nurse and attendance officer CP ASnavwrwnr she can get. of the personnel, but also the remuneration. of plan, many injustices are done. j The following advantages may be offered in favor of the salary schedule: It It It It It It It It It is impersonal. deals justly with new teachers. deals justly with home teachers. makes a career possible. secures better preparation. increases tenure. stimulates teachers. improves the social status of teachers. REVIOUS TO the development of the idea of a salary schedule it was the practice, on the part of teachers, to get what they could get or take what they were given, and, on the part of boards of education, to pay what they had to pay or what they could afford to pay. These practices still prevail in hundreds of American communities where the salary schedule idea has never been broached. Personal, social, political, charitable, and even religious pulls are exercised Frequently, the schools get into politics and local bosses dictate not only the selection Obviously, under such a plan or rather lack Each teacher gets what he or helps fix the yearly budget.—E. E. Lewis, Journal of Educational Re- search, March, 1924, pp. 199-202. ~~ Re ee ro Tables 26-30 show the distribution of sala- TABLE 25.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES in 1924-1925 Salaries Paid Directors and Supervisors ries paid directors and supervisors in cities five population groups. the median salaries paid supervisors of m) in 842 cities. 1924-1925 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 Population Chart XII shi : Associate Salaries oa, or assistant paid ed cahoots superin- = tendent 1 2 3 Median $3200 $3600 $7000 and over..... - --WMasaddaatss 6000-69909 ........ > “iv addiotnes 5000-5999 — Besegaseave 4800-4999 ....... 8 -Sidweineees 4600-4799 7 DRivardeuke'es 4400-4599 4 1 4200-4399 sea 4000-4 199 a lis oop utione s% 3800-3999....... 7” eS 3600-3799....... 52¢ 1 3400-3599 ee msbevsanes 3200-3399 ae ' hind espetadka 3000-31909... ... TE RS 2800-2999 Se Mawrengk saad 2600-2799 at” Giivecenes tive 2400-2599 i ae ee 2200-23090....... Ol Seer 2000-2199....... >. © ines to eae 1800-1999....... ee ee 1600-1799 ae ON 1400-1599... ... i are CT SE eee ee 1 ERB EG Se OP eee ree re a ee ee eee ce OE TS ee eee” RTE — oo eee eee eee eee ee a 6. sh ce stnedhes ewed OC Ee ee ae a eee EE Steere tien eee 414 3 Secretary of board Busi a Secretary saa: to superin- — -* tendent 6 6 7 $1620 $2100 $850 a0 ahaa sckandBioes > - |? Wiwee ds hexete lane 3 eS a er gro Hegre, Se | Mewes ee ee ae @ Qikurves. ie be otha 1 RE A 1 3 1 gu 45 1 1 3 hcdintel aoa 1 7 ee Se 2612 é 1 265 , 1 36 Sy smile SE Rae RS 39 Ck say es. 17 ; % 7 , : 5 : 1 2 1 eee AR ekintie-< yr Se eer a = Chief attendance officer 8 $300 oe ee AwOnweKdo Ws Oke e | N between sch officers. he median Note 1, two are su intendents of sch of , ete. are supervising pri Notes five and twelve indicate board; Note 12, two. * Is also business * One sec 1 One of this number has also 10 q 11 One of this number is also chief attendance officer. is also ry get gee of buildings and grounds. of Asali + ta. l josl xes Read Table 25 as follows: Two superintendents of schools were reported receivi and Of the 589 cities of this size replying, 414 reported salary paid was $3200. Similarly r ree? Notes, one two, three, four, six, seven indicate that superintendents of schools are supervising principals: ising principals; Note 2, one; Note 3, three; Note 4, four; Note 6, eleven; Note 7, six super- the Direct: researc tests a: measur: ments ) $2000 5 salaries over $7000; 3, salaries t rep salaries paid superintendents of the distribution of salaries paid other administrative ncipals. that these officers also act as secretaries of board; Note 5, one is secretary of J HATEVER THE underiying causes may be, “lack of money” will always be put forward as the excuse for low salaries for teachers. comfortable and well-equipped school building to accommodate all its children, and has money enough to pay good salaries to good teachers for conducting the school 9 months in the year, with a high type of administrative organization, the school problem for that community is solved. With sufficient funds for salaries the requirements can be made so high that none but teachers of the highest grade need be employed. policy could be followed in every community, the poor teacher who will never be any- thing else but a poor teacher will be forced to seek other employment, and the poor teacher who has ambition will go away and prepare herself to earn a better salary by learning to become a better teacher.—U. S. Bureau of Education, Rural School Leaflet No. 24, 1924, p. 7. If a given community has a If this [40] QE, 2 CHART XI 10.44 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 population Cin 201 Cities 5000 te 0000 population 1a 235 Cities 10,000 to 3Q000 population Tn 62 Cities ove {00,000 population MEDIAN SALARIES PAID SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS IN 1134 CITIES ln 142 Cities 30,000t 100, population = = = 44 r — — = CHART XII In 251 Cities 2500 to S000 population In 218 Céties 6000 toi0,000 pop In 2Qi6é Cities 1Q000t© 30,000 population In 146 Cities 30,000to 100,000 population In 51 Cities overciO0,000 pop MEDIAN SALARIES PAID SUPERVISORS OF Music IN 842 CITIES 1588 et 2 Cas a ptt KMediaa Satacx Hunadceds af Lolacs Chart XI is based officers. 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JVZIUBILIeUTY JO 1OZD—IIp « oyos ysy I sepuis Alt n pues sap t d ‘uajiessepury jo 4 xine ' I £9 bb 812Z PSI ssl bb SzI €ZI bz £Z IZ oI s I L iI Z [BIOL ) I Zz Zz I ZI 6 Z in 4 z l I z I + ' I _ § t Z I I L z I I I A ( f Zz ) ) l I I f £ Z £1 et ti 61 I 62 IZ I I Zz z et z t 1Z 6 8Z ( II 9z t I I I I I ” Q7 eI iy, iH 662 t t I 7 4 ( ZI I Fl f I I £ I z z cl I 91 z z I I OObZ I t 8 t f I el I 0092 I I I OORT z [ I z O000£ z y O00ZE OOFE al 0098 I OORE 000F | | IaA0 pusv oocrs | _ ost? $ oosi$ 88SI$¢ 009 I$ 008 I$ 00Z1¢ oost$ 0007$ osoz$ oes oors $z9I$ 0097$ oosT$ osoz$ oosi$ | SFIS uUvIpe Ww g] LI g1 GI v1 rs ra II ol 6 8 L 9 ¢ a ae. e I . uoy | s199qgo uon sor 7. | wor sjooyos sjooyos | | — ae o1sn I Fen sf Ba -wouose | Sure wen | ~Sayeee Pe te | oo wn | arg pe a t--— iS ted souees -pusny ‘ d| ost tia [eo1sAuqd THP9H awoH oe eeek -lewy . a -UlUOD | tH | sorunf I : d | pura PI ’ . uonelndog 000‘0I °2 000°S S®1IID Si b26l SHOSIANAdMNS ANV SHOLOANICG AGiVd SHINVWIVS AO NOILNAINLSIG— 62 ATAVL te ee —tagremeeste~ re ae TABLE 30.—DISTRIBUTION OF SALARIES PAID DIRECTORS AND SUPER VISORS, 1924-1925 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 Population | | | — Pri- ae Even- | Amer- Vous. Man- Home vay. | Pen- Pn s i j inder- ig ; icani- | tiona ua eco- sica . | Man- Satnstes gate garten qoutes schools cchante za- |educa-| train- | nom- Health educa- Art |Music| ship | °” tion tion ing ics tion | c 1 2 3 5 eS a 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Median. ......| $1250 | $1800 | $2000 | $240 | $275 |$2000 |$185S0 |$1440 |$1500 $1800 $1450 js440 \$1280 | $2 $3800-3999.... nema , For —- ae 1 3600-3799 ‘eka ik cee A ie 1 3400-3599... ; : ; ; ; ; es See | 3200-3399 : m ise 2 ‘ 1 3000-3199 ee, ; ite ; 4 ee ‘% 2800-23000....]...... 1 ; aes 2600-2799... ee 1! — 3 1 . 3 l 2 2400-2509....|.......] 3 1 3 6 25 6 | 3 2200-2399 ..| 20 1 1 13 2 2 10 | 3 | 4 1 2000-2199. . . l 5 3 23 2 3 18 3 5 1 1800-1999 E 4?-3 1 4 27 11 aides 19 116 19 1600 { 2 ‘ieee 18 27 2 16 |227 34 ] 1400 1 2 1 16 45 125 11 308-9 | 51 1200 3 2 1 9 48 4 15® |3119-11) 54 10 1000 ( 3 1 1 6 p 6 qe | 22 3 S00— 999 1 +o 3 2 2 59 ; 3 l 600-— 799 , wir - 1 ee, Ey ; 2 2 39 | 6 400— 599 5 Se 3 1 Sane 1 1 vei 1 1 7 1 200- 399... La, Age 5 6 1 “pas 1 | 100- 199 2 2 1 Below 100 1 2) ee Total. . F 10 16 9 7 12 13 123 145 31 110 118 211 | 24 48 | Read Table 30 as follows: No supervisors of kindergartens were reported receiving a salary between $3800 and $3999 two, a salary between $1600 and $1799, ete. A total of 10 kindergarten supervisors was reported by the 589 cities of this siz that replied. Similarly read the distribution of salaries paid other directors and supervisors. 1-§ Notes 1 and 3 indicate that supervisors of primary grades also act as supervisors of intermediate grades; Note 1, primary grade supervisor is also supervisor of intermediate grades, Note 3, three. 2? One of this numbe r also acts as supe! visor of kindergarten and primary grades. ° Are also directors of physical education. 7-8-0 Notes 6, 7, 8 and 10 indicat that these directors are also supervisors of music; Note 6, one is supervisor of music; Note 7, two; Note 8, 13; Nete 10, s *-1! Notes 9 and 11 indicate that these supervisors are also supervisors of penmanship; Note 9, one is supervisor of penma: ship; Note 11, two. TABLE 31.—MAXIMUM, MEDIAN, AND MINIMUM SALARIES FOR ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS In 22 Cities Over 250,000 in Population Salaries an elementary teachers | Salaries paid ni school teache: Cities 1920 ecediblnidnausaciemicnstipemane dialer population Maximum; Median | Minimum | Maximum); Median | Minimun 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 New WY ork, N. Y. Vena eee soul Oe 620, 048 $3250 $2801 $1500 $3700 $3700 $1900 Cleveland, Ohio........ ge eR 796,841 2880* 1963 1200 3600* 2804 1500 Jersey City, OF SE ee ae 298: 103 2800 1818 1400 3800 3127 2200 TM. . vcevancekbetess Bis 414,524 2700 2271 1500 4400* 3800* 2100 Milwaukee, Se, a ee eae 457,147 2600* 2401 1200 3600* 2600 1600 Denver, Colo. a to's teed pectaaeetens 256,491 2520! 2024 1200! 2880! 2436 1350 SS ‘deter 2,701,705 2500 2387 1500 3800 3026 2000 Minneapolis, RL cin bs are.d ne eee 380/582 2000! 1810 12001 2500! 2220 1500 8 Rr ME Ty 772,897 2200* 1936 1200 3200 2780 1600 Los Angeles, Calif.. FR Nr 576 ,673 2200 1802 1400 2800 2322 1800 Kansas City, Mo......... Kin end ahs 324,410 2200* 1767 1200 3000* 2391 1400 New Orleans, La.. aes «kane tied % 387 ,219 2150* 1531 1200 3450** 2348 1400 Buffalo, N. Y. a v aati 506,775 2050* 2009 1200 2400 2400 1600 Seattle, Wash. Tr tartrere e re e 315,312 2040 1895 1440 2340 2251 1680 Philadelphia, Dhh 2 thes ars omace sietlct et; ae 2000 2000 1200 3600* 3234 1800 er ee ee 993 ,678 2000 1960 1500 2600 2600 1700 ey ee we ey - F 588 , 343 2000 2000 1200 3200 3200 1800 Cincinnati, Ohio...... Beh betes pes ceed 401,247 2000 2000 1100 2800 2473 1300 NS ER eee 314,194 2000 1930 1200 2800 2766 1500 Rochester, N. Y. res ksb.cs nee 295,750 2000 1906 1200 2800* 2406 1600 San Francisco, Calif.................. 506 , 676 1900 1900 1400 2400 2400 1700 Pa a «6 phen ai de uen Chi cago PibOO | 2387 Ea 2500 Philadelphia + Loe 2000 Detcoit PizOo. 2000 Clevelaad Y ROO | 1963 S60 —S St.Louis Pisco.) 1936 Basco # an Pittebuogh* em 2000 ] Cos Cageles 1 1400 | 1802 S600 ES Buffalo Pis0° 2008 SanFraacisoo * Paoo.] 1200 Milwaukee. acreom 2401 DOSO #* 260° #* Neowack pisco_ | Ciaciaaati * Siem S000 Now Orleans es ss: —.5— Miaacapois* SSS oS Fm Fill Il | | nt dk =n Rochestec So] Deavec* Toc Faces sc =| ; a Sh 2. Mah Pal TUT MULIN aI Che ae first hand aostures 4 $s fr trrchers « f 2 1 i l 7 } ) 4 l l 2 th l 4 72 212 74 180 47 37 50 45 $1095 $1000 $1100 $1350 $1250 $1200 $1400 $1750 Junior High high school school princi princi pals pals 16 6 $2200 $272 [51] mR owe 1924-1925 TABLE 36.—-MINIMUM SALARIES IN CITIES 5,000 TO 10,000 IN POPULATION Number of cities reporting minimum indicated for | Amount of | Teachi | s J mini ‘ , in, uper- unior a Kinder- | Elemen- Junior | Senior Special ea vising high Hig garten tar | high class School tary | elemen- | school sch teachers | teachers school school | teachers | nurses princi- |taryprin-| princi- pris teachers | teachers pals cipals | pals pa | | | | | 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 & | g 10 $€00-— 699 8 1 1 | BR ee 700— 799 ’ iF , ‘ ; SOO-— 899 1 16 | 2 1 alate 900- 999 5 | 27 23 oes i 1 ie | 1000-1099 33 «| «(78 ee ae Ss fe 4 | 1 1100-1199 il 21 18 | 2 2 Pe eo 6 1200-1299 22 30 14 57 6 12 : es 2 1300-1399 3 6 ti 27 1 pa wie } 41 3 l 1400-1499 | 2 9 10 25 8 2 5 3 I 1500-1599 1 1 / 18 1 7 | 12 2 2 1600-1699 | . . Eigeenan 6 Poe Fe 2 1 1700-1799 1 pe 1 1 1800-1899 s 2 5 3 2 1900-1999 1 1 a ets 2000-2099. . |__| :. | 2 i 3 . 2100-2199... ..| aioe 2 3 1 2200-2299 | ts ee 2300-2399 a 2400-2499 | wD Sp ae 2500-2599. . . ae ion | 1 } 2 1( 2600-2699 . . . |.. ; | aa 2700-2799 2890-2899 Eki s-6daal: late eee ce ae 2900-2999 3000-3099 & a 2 3100-3199 ae 3200-3299 cs, ols cea wei oRés cae GER RRC aise siete aaa | DS «adc ob cig aul: s.caeos ax | 3600 and over. as ‘ l I Total..... 79 201 -_ me 29 34 ‘Sh S EAE. 56 | Median $1170 | $1000 eo: $1350 | $1200 $1200 | $1300 | $1800 | $1700 | $2275 | | TABLE 37.—MINIMUM SALARIES IN CITIES 2,500 TO 5,000 IN POPULATION 1924-1925 | Number of cities shinee minimum indicated for Amount of Super- unior minimum Kinder- | Elemen- Junior Senior special | Teaching ving we High salary garten ta | high high class School | elemen- elemen- school schox | teachers | teachers | , School school teachers | ®urses | tary prin- tary prin- | princi- prin | teachers teachers cipals cipals pals cipal I 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 Below $600 ay debe 1 sah WG & bleie-duabals $600— 699. . 6 ; ess 1 Pe a a a ee Pe ae 700— 799 | 1 10 1 . 1 ee ae 800-— 899 9 44 6 2 1 2 900- 999. Bi oe | 2 4 a4 =e *. 1000-1099 . 18 64 17 6 2 ‘ P 3 1100-1199. . | Q 20 11 27 2 1 12 | 1200-1299.....| 14 30 15 51 3 as > gs oe 1 1300-1399 | 7 11 15 32 3 2 10 | 2 3 1400-1499 3 5 4 | 16 2 2 1 1 3 l 1500-1599. 4 2 4 26 4 4 4 3 2 6 1600-1699 ated 2 2 i ia ty! 1 4 I 2 3 1700-1799 = -— 2 | -”- Thepowske aewene ; 4 1 5 1800-1899 oleae 1 eee 6 2 2 3 } 2 2 12 1900-1999 then es ooeey 2 we hae oe ae 2000-2099 ae a Meroe. | eee i ee See l 1 14 RR ES ES See. e a iio % 1 1 1 2 ESET STR Sa ce Sokedeasrs SE RSE . agtCee 1 1 1 9 SR Se eae Meas = PEI ETS Cee, Spake SER a Be er l Re Re Ba ARIE «babe singiivedals dad camainrnn Nee sae c ons Fh 1 3 SE Seema i COeeee Teer) ee) eee rere 2 2600-: DS & Kanlsows 5 << sehaws wake SRG! Conn See) Coenen. Merrie Bis RFS PS Seg is Spas a hee Wer'e «6 & ONS & nee BR Re ‘ 1 l 2800-2899 | || ot chtans EAS TERRE Beceigtie trvbtn cn) Bats SRE ea I at. 0 Rieu des OER PSRNDESTS EMBRAER Ky TRE IAN om 2, dane RRR Rae SPEED cxvulisd asses ficednann' J PIGRR EERE, iain SE SoKet, Sones: AE IEE 4 3100 and over..|.........|......... ee ee Pe eee rece ee ae Soe Beak > s 2 Ate Ata: bh REE ati eA TE Totals. . 72 243 | 88 |; 193 21 20 59 E. 38 18 69 — | | ae aa Median... .. | $1160 $1000 §=©$1100 = $1350 $1300 $1350 $1200 | $1700 ~ $1550 $2000 [52] Salary Schedule Provisions for Maxi- import mum Salaries hick ny 14 piv snouida [Distributions of ded in the salary schedules of cities of the powel 38 4? maximum salaries to \'nited States are given in Tables for teachers, principals, and nurses. is one ot the most The maximum salary TABLE 38.—MAXIMUM SALARIES FOR CITIES 1924-1925 OVER 100,000 IN POPULATION, of cities reporting Number Amount of maximum salary Special class teachers Senior high school teachers Junior high school teachers Elemen tary teachers Kinder- garten teachers I low $1300 1399 1499 l 1599 3 1699 2 l 1799 8 6 I 1800-1899 H ; 1900-1999 2000-2099 2100-2199 2 3 , 2200-2299 1 6 J 2300-2399 ’ 2400-2499 “ - 2500-2599 5 3 I 2600-2699 ; 2700-2799 l 2800—2899 3! ~ 2900-2999 I 1000-3099 3 {100-3199 3200-3299 - ~ 3300-3399 3400-3499 l 3500-3599 3600-3699 3700-3799 3800-3899 3900-3999 4000-4099 4100-4199 4200-4299 4300-4399 4400-4499 4500-4599 4600-4699 41700-4799 4800-4899 4900-4999 5000-5099 5100-5199 5200-5299 5300-5399 5400-5499 5500-5699 5700-5899 5900-6099 6100-6299 6300-6499 6500-6699 ae 7000 and over Be $1500 1400 1500 LH00 1700 48 56 34 56 41 $2100 naxin 23 $1750 Teaching elemen tary princi pals 19 $2400 um indicated for Super vising elemen tary prin cipals 45 $3312 $4000 Median... $2020 $2000 $2325 $2800 ow $1300 for k Read Table 38 as follows: One city reported a maximum between $1400 and $1499 (column 2 No cities of this size reported a maxi! dian for k ndergarter for 48 cities of this size is $2020. Similarly read the other columns o * Supermaximum 1 One of this number represents supermaximum, *? Two ‘ this number represent supermaxima, ‘ Four of this number represent supern ed a/ 48 $4600 ndergart a 2 a low minimum salary with a large number of increments, gradually working up to a high maximum, or paying a higher minimum in the beginning and then a comparatively lower maximum which is quickly reached, should be carefully considered. The mini- TABLE 39—MAXIMUM SALARIES FOR mum certainly should not be so high tend to attract and overpay teaching sients. On the other hand, the minin should not be so low as to make it impos for the beginning teacher to grow profess ally because of financial embarrassment. CITIES 30,000 TO 100,000 IN POPULATION 1924-1925 Number of cities reporting maximum indicated for Amount of 1 , Teaching | Super- Junior “ao Kinder- | Elemen- | Junior Senior | Special elemen- | vising high | Hig! salary garten tary high high class School tary elemen- | school schoc teachers | teachers | School | school | teachers | ®¥TS€S | princi- | ta ry prin-| princi- | Princ teachers | teachers pals cipals pals pals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | 0 | Below $1000... 2 Se, ee ee SA) Rc: Gree) rs. Rise $1000-1099. . .. ee a ie BORE BER a ay See | a See eal: PER Aen, SES SE SS AR ee, See es: ia 1200-1299. . 3 5 1 2 1 aby (POPC 1300-1399. ... 1 O° Seseeses er eer SB Besern 1400-1499. .... 1 — Gea RO t= ae faa ey Wee A a atone | | 1500-1599. . . 14! 2 See y 7 10 2 1600-1699 gu 17? 4 2 7 31 2 i 1700-1799. .. 82 104 3t — 4 A rere 1 | 1800-1899. ... 17? 28? 11? 51 13? 8! 4 1 | 1900-1999. ... 12? 13 51 7! 5 2 4 2 | | 2000-2099 8 123 9! 9: 7} 7 51 2 j 1 2100-2199 3 5 4! 123 3! 1 51 3 1 2200-2299 2 3. 4) 11? «- Mianedsens 1 2 ‘sees 2300-2399 ee Aa . 2 4! Se Serre. a 1 4! a 2400-2499 3} 5 7? 174 J ae 3 2! 2 2500-2599 2 3 5 142 i @ Mmaeveqeuma 5 4 1 1* 2600-2699... -}........ 2 1 Re eee arden 3 | 2700-2799 1 1 3 7 3! 1 1 6 | 5 2800-2899 2! 1 1 83 ah, ee 2 6! De nti ES Sa 1* 1 2 eS, ees 2 1 3000-3099... 1 3! RE Rope a eee 1 12? | 2 2 is +. 2 s¢ctnwaaih edad weieadadaandl TE aE A ae 3 | 3 2 ES ey ae ee ee ee ee ee eee ce 3 } 3 l SSE: SR Ree aS i Er ae eS eee ee 2? | 1 cc hsicsvd tO ni kiveadlcael eae SR SR oo oa Sep: - f 3 5 SE REET: SG, ok ane -- Gabe awen seeiaesads< 1 | 7 2 REE ES SE es ees en ero Ol TK, Tee 2 | 1 2 RR RR REE a GS EN Tees aR Soe! RR: ar a Sees ak! Bae) OR See ee po Re ae 6! 1 4 SF SE EL Sa: a SO Ser a HO Seen ‘ 3! EE SE Re Ss Ee Cr ak ea eee 3 7 20 a Fa ae Ge A Se ee ey let FN aad ‘ 2 EE Es. as er: cen Seaeek 6. eee 1 3 Sa SS a Rr See h See Reamer . pied ebdivbhhe sash bade aees aemebede . PE, .«. > 4a os Ghee oie oes 240k tet aie eS RE AER oe Tay | eee eee 1* Pe Ih os in Unis s kid eal aoe 1 4 | Fae pi oa EE Meee a , 60 224 79 176 19 14 55 14 16 | 64 Median....| $1500 | $1300 $1500 $1800 $1700 $1750 $1620 $1950 $1910 | $2400 *Supermaximum. 'One of this number represents supermaximum. * Two of this number papreennte supermaxi! * Three of this number nt supermaxima. ‘ Four of this number represent supermaxima. ®° Five of this number repres supermaxima. * Six of this number represent supermaxima. [ 56] 5 se < - Salary Schedule Provisions for Number of Annual Increases Table 43 shows the number annual increases provided for in city salary schedules in : i , 1924-1925, he prevailing number of increments ranges trom 6 to &. SCHEDULES, 1924-1925 TABLE 43——-NUMBER OF ANNUAL INCREASES PROVIDED FOR IN CITY SALARY Position Kindergarten teachers Elementary teachers Special class teachers Junior high school teachers Senior high school teachers School nurses Size of city 2 Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,900 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 te 30,000 5,000 to 10,000. . 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000... All cities Over 100,000... 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000. . All cities Over 100,000.... 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000. . 2,500 to 5,000... All cities | Over 100,000 Teaching elementary principals. . Supervising elementary principals Junior high school principals Senior high school principals ' When increases have been given for both men and women, the highest 1 each case; in some instances the highest number of increases has been for men 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 30,000 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities Over 100,000 30,000 to 100,000 10,000 to 36,000 | 5,000 to 10,000 2,500 to 5,000 All cities increases has been for women. 26 oes Number of increases 133 5 10 1! 4 6 36 Total Median number number f ISor citie 8 aan 11 | 12} 13 | 14 |more}| “ a 9 10 11 I 3 S 2 3 | l Ss 3 3 3 s 2 16 t l ‘1 ) 12 l 24 S » | i] ~ 2 3 l St 2 t i l l 148 ( l l f 3 l lt ( 4 13 5 l 2 t l l l S ] 2 l l $f S 2 AO Ss 13 12 ‘ 2 3 2 ] 2 121 s l 1 | l 19 S 2 l I 41 S l l 42 t l l l l () t 2 } | t 5 5 2 ' 3 2 4 ) l l 3 2 | s 3 ] 2 l l l 4 2 | 1 l If ( 1 2 ih 8 7 Ss 8 7 43 1 14 r les l 23 6 14 s 14 ‘ a 2 ra ( : f CSS s f ' a ] 6 } f f 9 ' r 1 9 \ if} 1} t > 2 l 5 14 s a) l r les l 2 l 69 CSS l 20 f l 23 8 » ~ 9 ess 2 r leas l l 1] f umber of increases has been tabulated ir in other instances the highest number of Use of the “Single Salary Schedule” By “Single Salary Schedule” is meant: a schedule which pays the same salary to teach- ers with equal training and experience regard- less of whether they teach in elementary, junior or senior high school, and which pays larger salaries to teachers in similar positions who possess larger amounts of academic and professional training. A partial list of cities with single salary schedules is given on an accompanying page. There was included in this list only those cities able to submit a printed or mimeo- graphed schedule which met the requirements set up in the preceding paragraph. Cities reporting single schedules, but not submitting copies were not included. SINGLE SALARY SCHEDULE IN MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA Salary Schedule for Teachers in Class One ' Outside Experience Years in ten dusinideeiie . Minne- apolis Yearly increases for 2 Years outside experience 8 Years 1 $1200 6 (yrs) x $50 $1500 2 1300 6 (yrs) x 50 1600 3 1400 6 (yrs) x 50 1700 1 1500 6 (yrs) x 50 1800 5 1600 6 (yrs) x 50 1900 6 1700 6 (yrs) x 50 2000 7 1800 4 (yrs) x 50 2000 8 1900 2 (yrs) x £0 2000 Q | 2000 ae ie iow 2000 Salary Schedule for Teachers in Class Two ? Outside Experience Years in 2 Minne- apolis Yearly increases for 2 Years outside experience 8 Years | 1 $1500 6 (yrs) x $50 $1800 eae | 1600 6 (yrs) x 50 1900 3 1700 6 (yrs) x 50 2000 4 | 1800 6 (yrs) x 50 2100 5 1900 6 (yrs) x 50 2200 6 2000 6 (yrs) x 50 2300 7 2100 6 (yrs) x 50 2400 s 2200 6 (yrs) x 50 2500 ” 2300 4 (yrs) x 50 2500 10 2400 2 (yrs) x 50 2500 11 2500 iaiweks es ens 2500 1Class One requires two years of training beyond high school. : as ?Class Two requires four years of training beyond high school. Examples of Recently Adopted Salary Schedules Among the cities which have recent], vised their salary schedules are: Minneap: Minnesota; Jersey City, New Jersey; Louis, Missouri; and Washington, D. The minimum and maximum salaries, as as the amount of the annual increment | vided for each class of teachers and admi: trators, are shown in the following schedu SALARY SCHEDULE IN JERSEY CITY. N. J.—EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 1924 Population 297,864 = ; . , Mini- | Annual Max Classification | ‘mum | incre- mu! | Salary | ment Salar 1 2 3 Kindergarten teachers... . |} $1400 $100 $2N( Elementary teachers. . 1400 100 2K/ Junior high school teachers. _ | | 100 321 ) extra compensation. | | High school teachers... . 2200! 200 3S Elementary principals: Primary departments and | primary schools. .... |} 2800 | 200 4K Grammar schools.... . | 3500 | 200 500 Elementary vice-principals 2 | 100 32( Junior high school principals 200 60K $600 extra compensation. | Junior high school vice-prin- | OT RE ye A | } 100 366 $400 extra compensation. | High school principals. . . | 5000 | 500 7( High school vice-principals..| 3500 | 200 50 Head of high school commer- cial departpartment. | 3500 | 200 500 Director of high school indus- era | 3500 | 200 Supervisors: eneral supervisor, pri- DEE) a+ Oh amewes © 3500 200 oO General supervisor, gram- Ge sted ena sans ss 3500 200 ne General supervisor, inter- | mediate grades... . | 3500 200 50 Director of manual train- | ing and domestic science | 3500 200 0 | Supervisor of drawing.....| 3500 200 5000 | Supervisor of physical | | Re ee | 3500 200 Director of vocal music...| 3500 200 Special: Ungraded classes (delin- | See: : 100 $600 extra compensation Ungraded classes (1) men- | tally defective, (2) blind, | and (3) deaf...... 100 $300 extra compensation | upon completion of | special course. | Vocational counselor. . | 2500 200 40 1Minimum salaries are subject to allowance experience. 2 Teachers appointed vice-principals receive $100 ab: their salaries as grade teachers. Nore: All teachers who have taught thirty years more in the public schools of Jersey City will receiv: double increment beginning September 1, 1924, a each year thereafter until their maxima are reached. : ; f 4 Arl 2S 2s te 500 320 HOU * 3 2 3 SALARY SCHEDULE IN ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI—EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 22 (This Salary Schedule increased by more than twenty-five per cent the 1924 ak, maximum salaries paid teachers of experience and of efficient service in St. Louis) | Classification First Second Third year year year 1 2 3 y High Schools: Principal $4200 $4400 $4600 Assistant Principal 3200 3400 3600 Teachers Head Assistant 2800 2900 3000 First Assistant 2400 2500 2600 Second Assistant 2100 2200 2300 Third Assistant 1600 1700 1800 Intermediate Schools: Principal 3700 3900 4100 Assistant Principal 2800 2950 3100 Teachers Head Assistant 2300 2400 2500 First Assistant 1900 2000 2100 Second Assistant 1400 1500 1600 Elementary Schools: Principals 4 Class (18 or more rooms) 3200 3401 3600 B Class (14 to 17 rooms) 2800 2950 3100 C Class (10 to 13 rooms) 2400 2500 2600 D Class (6 to 9 rooms) 1800 1900 2000 E Class (1 to 5 rooms) 1800 1900 2000 Grade and Kindergarten Teachers Head Assistant 1800 1900 2000 First Assistant 1600 1700 1800 Second Assistant 1200 1300 1400 Administrative and Supervisory fficers: Assistant Superintendents 6000 6500 7000 Assistant to the Superintendent 5000 52.50 5500 District Superintendent 5000 5250 5500 (Elementary Schools) 2 Supervisors! and Chief Attend- 3200 3400 3600 ance Officer | | Directors of Divieions of Tests and 3700 3900 4100 Measurements and Vocational | Counseling | Director of Division of Hygiene 4200 4400 1600 ! These include supervisors of: Drawing and kindergarten, special schools, English, commercis sciences. This Salary Schedule carries out the principle to colored teachers and principals of equal pay for equal ser Schedule of Salaries Fourth Fifth year year 5 é $4800 $5000 3800 1000 3100 1200 2750 29000 2400 2500 1900 2000 $300 1500 3250 400 2600 29750 2200 1700 L800 3800 1O00 3250 400 2700 2800 2100 2250 2100 2950 2100 2950 1900 2000 1500 1600 7500 R000 5750 6000 5750 6000 3800 4000 4300 4500 4800 5000 manual arts, music, penmanship al subjects, social sciences, { reign i e regardless Sixth Seventh | Eighth Ninth year year year year $5250 $5500 $57 Sun $250 $500 17 Wn 3400 {600 Son (KK 4750 000 3600 3800 400 2000 8050 SK $250 1500 1 ( KM) 3600 S800 SOU 2000 t000) 2400 50 TOK 2400 2550 2400 2550 0 1700 1SO0O 4250 $500 j WM 4750 5000 OO 250 5500 7m) HOW physical ed n, pr I anguages, and physical and b KR of sex It also app j Partial List Colorado: Denver California: Berkeley San Diego Colorado: Colorado Springs Illinois: Decatur tockford Arkansas: Little Rock Cities over 100,000 in population lowa: Des Moines Minnesota: Minneapolis Ohio: Youngstown Texas: San Antonio Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population Indiana: Hammond lowa: Cedar Rapids Sioux City Michigan: Flint Highland Park Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing Saginaw Minnesota: Duluth Nebraska: Lincoln Oklahoma: Oklahoma City North ¢ ‘arolina: Wilmington Ohio: Lakewood Pennsylvania: Harrisburg Norristown Utah: Ogeden Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population California: San Bernardino Illinois: Elgin [59] Urban a Indiana: of Cities Having Single Salary Schedules Washington: Spokans Virginian: Roanoke West Virginia: Huntington Wisconsin: Green Ba La Cross¢ Madison Oshkosh Peru Richmond one: pe a SALARY SCHEDULE IN WASHINGTON, D. C.—EFFECTIVE JULY 1, (This schedule was provided for in an Act passed by Congress at its last session and proved by President Coolidge on June 4, 1924) 1924 annual increase Classification a wl 1 2 3 | Cans I.—Kindergarten and Elementary Teachers: SEE Ces Baba i ee Sita Kee oa $1400 $100 OS eer oem , 2300 100 Class II.—Junior High School Teachers: jas ad Elementary School Qualifications— MRSC esas vevous¥eeeesthna ees 1600 100 De aeaeed 5a week ied ROP A OE ee inp eee 2500 100 High School ‘Qualifications— A asad Ee Sa ea 1800 100 ih: dn abe 6S ees « 2900 100 Class III.—Senior High and Normal School Teachers: 8 ES eer 1800 100 MPG. o0-0 86405 ceodee's 2900 100 Class IV.—School Librarians: SEES ok che AR CE Sete ees one 1400 100 SN I: &'s,a/tGo Ria eaedint aes ce 2300 100 Class V.—Teaching Principals, 4-7 Rooms................... 2300 100 | Clase VI.—Teaching Principals, 8-15 Rooms...................... 2500 100 Class VII.—Administrative Principals with 16 Rooms or more and Principals of Vocational and Americanization Schools. F 2900 100 Class VIII.—Principals of Junior High Schools. .... 3500 100 ~ Class IX.—Principals of Senior High School and Normal Schools 4000 100 Class X.—Directors of ee Subjects and Departments | of High % Schools See 7S oe a ES. Beep By! 3200 100 Class: XI- Heads of Departments and Ass’t Principals. . 3200 100 ~ Class XII.—Supervising Principals... . . 4000 100 Board of Examiners, White Schools: re ee ee Oe ae, Se owed Go ealeiscevceeeceetebs 4000 100 Assistant Superintendents............... 4200 100 First Ass’t Superintendents........... iki a Aa 5000 200 Superintendent of Schools................. arias dcliaclbln terri 8000 1000 Period of years for which Maxin is granted 1 bo ore cr school schedule and normal school = hedule. Group B salary schedule is pro equipment justify for them higher compensation than the teachers in Group A receive. ule to the Group B schedule will be made on the basis of such evidence as the Board of Education may determine. Sala 28K 320 260) 26K 25 320K 1001 $500 4 5K 47 (0 600) OOK In Washington, teachers serve on tenure after one year of s: tisfactory ;robationary service . Teachers may be credit with outside experience and placed on the fifth year of the elementary school schedule and on the sixth year of the h Teachers on tenure automatical sealty advance one hundred dollars per year until the maximum salary for Group A is reach for those teachers whose superior teaching, advanced study, and higher professi: Promotions from the Group A sch Partial List of Cities Having Single Salary Schedules—( Continued ) West Virginia: Parkersburg Kansas: ~ Michigan: Nebraska: North Carolina: Atchinson Ann Arbor Grand Island Durham Coffeyville Minnesota: New Jersey: Oklahoma: Lawrence Rochester Asbury Park Okmulgee Salina St. Cloud New York: South Dakota: Virginia Gloversville Aberdeen Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population Arizona: Massachusetts: Montana: North Dakota: Bisbee Stoneham Livingston Jamestown Connecticut: Michigan: Nebraska: Ohio: Watertown Muskegon Heights Fremont East Palestine lowa: Royal Oak New York: Mt. Vernon Newton Ypsilanti Medina Oregon: Kansas: Missouri: North Carolina: Pendleton Junction City Hannibal Kinston Cities 2,500 to 5,000 in population Missouri: Clayton Monett Arizona: Connecticut: Minnesota: Winslow Darien Crosby Colorado: Michigan: Gilbert Rocky Ford Ferndale International Falls [60] Ohio: Euclid Wisconsin: Beloit Fond du lac South Dakota: Mitchell Vermont: Springfield Virginia: Bristol Winchester Oberlin Washington: Renton Wisconsin: Ripon A i ow TA ———_— ———— ————— mn naa — et ee Special Features of 1924-1925 Salary Schedules Special features of a salary schedule are often important in promoting good-will and maxi- mum of effort on the part of the teaching corps. To determine how widely city salary sched- ules provide for: (1) Direct financial re- ward for additional professional training in service, (2) leaves of absence for study and professional improvement, (3) equal pay for men and women, (4) relief from regular classes to take part in special professional work, and (5) continuance of salaries at the regular rate during attendance at institute, six questions were asked in the Salary Inquiry TABLE 44.—NUMBER OF CITIES WITH sent to all city superintendents of schools Superintendents were asked to answer “yes” or “no.” Their answers are summarized in Tables 44 to 49. 1. Has your school board adopted a definite plan whereby teachers receive direct financial reward (‘“‘bonus,” salary increase, etc.) upon the completion of some designated amount of additional training in a college or university? Replies from 1384 cities in Table 44. 2. Has your school board a definite plan are summarized whereby teachers may be granted leave of DEFINITE PLAN OF FINANCIAL RE- WARD FOR COMPLETION OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL TRAINING | Cities over Cities 30,000 | Cities 10,000 Cities 5,000 Cities 2,500 Having definite plan _ 100,000 in _ to 100,000 to 30,000 to 10,000 to 5,000 Total of reward for population in population in population in population in population additional professional | an training | | | | Num- Per | Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num Per ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent 1 . oo 3 | 4 o 6 7 8 9 10 11 - | — Yes 26 48 78 50 104 39 78 22 108 20 O4 8 No 28 | 52 78 50 166 61 280 78 438 gO) 00 Total.... | S54 | 100 156 100 270 100 358 100 546 100 =|1384 100 | TABLE 45.—NUMBER OF CITIES WHERE SCHOOL BOARDS HAVE ADOPTED A DEFINITE PLAN WHEREBY TEACHERS MAY BE GRANTED LEAVE OF AB- SENCE FOR STUDY AND PROFESSIONAL IMPROVEMENT. | Cities over Cities 30,000 Cities 10,000 100,000 in to 100,000 to 30,000 Having definite plan population in population in population for leave of absence ; ! | ! Num-| Per |Num-| Per Num- Per ber cent ber cent ber | cent 1 ? 3 or eae a ae, Yes 6 | 47 30 19 27 10 Yes without pay = 20 13 s 4 2 No is | 33 113 73 238 SS Total... ss | 100 | 156 | 100 | 260 | 100 Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population Num- Per ber cent 8 ; 1) 6 l 337 94 358 100 | Cities 2,500 | to 5,000 in population | | Num- Per Num ber cent ber 10 11 »~ ) 120 3 $2 522 05 1228 551 100 1389 Total 100 TABLE 46.—NUMBER OF CITIES WHERE MEN AND WOMEN OF EQUAL TRAIN- ING AND EXPERIENCE AND PERrORMING SIMILAR SERVICE RECEIVE THE SAME SALARIES. Paying — salary a for equal training and service 1 Yes Yes with qualifica- | tions! | No Cities over 100,000 in population Num- Per ber cent 2 8 45 82 1 2 16 $5 100 Cities 30,000 to 100,000 in population | Num- Per ber cent 4 6 74 «| 47 7 5 76 48 157 100 Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in populat cn Num- | Per ber | cent | 6 7 94 35 3 1 170 64 267 100 Cities 5,000 to 10,000 in population , Num- Per ber cent Rg ’) 147 41 7 2 201 7 55 100 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 Total in population | Num-| Per Num Per ber cent ber cent 10 m | 12 13 2459 17 619 44 6 l 24 2 288 52 744 54 553 100 1387 100 _ 1 These cities report equal pay for equal training and service only in either elementary schools or high schools but not in both, some add that theoretically men and women receive equal pay, but practically they do not. [61] absence for study and professional improve- ment ? Replies from 1389 cities are summarized in Table 45. 3. In your school system, do men and women of equal training and experience, and performing similar service, receive the same salaries? Replies from 1387 cities are summarized in Table 46. 4. Is there any statute or rule affecting your school system which requires that the salaries of men and of women, of equal train- ing and experience, and performing similar service, be the same or different? Replies from 1371 cities are summa: in Table 47. 5. Are teachers sometimes relieved of + classes during regular school hours (wit! loss of salary and with regular substi: teachers provided) so that they may take in the professional work, such as the revi of courses of study, etc.? Replies from 1373 cities are summa: in Table 48. 6. Do teachers’ salaries continue at regular rate during attendance at institut Replies ‘from 1324 cities are summarized in Table 49. TABLE 47.—NUMBER OF CITIES WHERE STATE STATUTE OR LOCAL RULE REQUIRES THAT SALARIES OF MEN AND WOMEN OF EQUAL TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE AND PERFORMING SIMILAR SERVICE SHALL BE THE SAME OR DIFFERENT. Cities over Cities 30,000 Cities 10,000 Cities 5,000 Cities, 2,500 100,000 in to 100,000 to 30,000 _ to 10,000 _ to 5,000 Total Having statute or rule population in population in population in population in population relative to salaries |— ae oot eS: ae of men and women | Num-| Per |Num-| Per (|Num-| Per |Num-| Per |Num-| Per |Num-| Px ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber | cen q 1 2 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 i 12 | DW «aes 27 52 39 25 43 16 39 7 67 12 215 | 1 No.. 25 48 116 75 223 84 320 89 472 88 1156 S4 ~ Total s2.| 100 | 155 | 100 | 266 | 100 | 359 | 100 | 539 | 100 | 1371 | 100 TABLE 48.—NUMBER OF CITIES WHERE TEACHERS ARE SOMETIMES RE- LIEVED OF THEIR CLASSES DURING REGULAR SCHOOL HOURS SO THAT THEY MAY TAKE PART IN OTHER PROFESSIONAL WORK. Cities over Cities 30,000 Cities 10,000 Cities 5,000 Cities 2,5C0 Permitting teachers 100,000 in to 100,000 _ to 30,000 to 10,000 _ to 5,000 Total to be sometimes population in population in population in population in population relieved of regular So a aa classes Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per | Num- Per Num-| Per ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber | cent z 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 s 9 10 11 12 1 | RR i. 33 62 69 44 | 100 37 | 132 37 | 165 30 499 | 36 Fees sos Cane v6~ chee 20 38 87 56 167 63 221 63 379 70 874 64 Total..... 53 | 100 | 156 | 100 | 267 | 100 | 353 | 100 | 544 | 100 | 1373 | 100 TABLE 49.—NUMBER OF CITIES WHERE TEACHERS’ SALARIES CONTINUE AT THE REGULAR RATE DURING ATTENDANCE AT INSTITUTES ] Cities over Cities 30,000 Cities as Cities 5,000 Cities 2,500 100,000 in to 100,000 to to 10,000 to 5,000 Total Teachers paid population in A nol in population in population in population for —— smc tt me F Num- Per | Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per | Num- Per Num- Per ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 re ee 39 | 89 | 121 83 | 203 | 80 | 282 s2 |440 | s2 | 1085/ 82 | as 5 ll 25 17 52 20 62 18 95 18 239 is | Total... 44* | 100 146* | 100 255* 100 344* | 100 535* | 100 1324 | 100 ities between 30,000 to 1 with a population 5000 to 10,000; and 11, with a population of 2,500 to 5,000 reported that they held no institutes. * In addition to these, seven cities over 100,000 in 00,000 in pepulation repo: ulat ion reported that they held no teachers’ institutes; nine } no institutes; 5, with a population of 10,000 to 30,000; 11, | [62] ' a dare fy [he cities which replied to the salary Cities Replying to Salary Inquiry inquiry in time for theit tabulations are listed below according to population data to be included the groups 56 Cities Over 100,000 Population Alabama: Iowa: Minnesota: ster rennessee Birmingham Des Moine Minneapolis, Ohio: N California: Kansas: St. Paul A] Texas: Los Angeles, Kansas Cit. Missouri: ( nnati | Oakland, — Kentucky: K insas Cit nd H San Francisco Louisville st. Lou san ( ee Louisiana: ee a d ond t nn me ‘ New Orleans Connecticut: New Jersey Oregon: Virginia Bridgeport, Massachusetts: Camdet Port — Noy New Haven Fall River Jer ( Pennsylvania: Ric! Delaware: Lowell Newarl P lelphia Washington Wilmington, Springfield Paterso1 Pittsburs et Illinois: Worcester Trenton eadi pr Chicago Michigan: New York: Wisconsin Indiana: Detroit Albany Rhode Island: M Indianapolis Grand Rapids Buffal ler New York City 158 Cities With Population of Alabama: Mobile, Montgomery. Arkansas: East Chicago, Saler N Little Rock. Evansville, Sc erville, N Roct California: Fort Wayne, Walthan I Dp Berkeley, Gary, Michigan: dy Fresno, Hammond flattle Creek Long Beach, Kokomo, Flint ] \A Pasadena, Muncie, 30,000 to Hamtramecl 100,000 Rock Island Medford Springfield New : Indiana: Pit ld. \ : Rhode Island 1 South Carolina ‘ : ( hennessee ‘ Sacramento, South Bend Highland Park North Carolina: exns: San Diego, Terre Haute Jackson VW to? | San Jose, lowa: Kalamazoo, WV Q | Stockton. Cedar Rapids, Lansing A ‘ . ‘ ; sr. , . Ohio: Colorado: Council Bluffs Pontiac : VW Colorado Springs, Davenport Saginaw - “ Dubuqus Minnesota: Pueblo. Utah: Connecticut: Sioux City Duluth Or; Meriden. Vaterloo Missouri: Virginia: New Britain, Kansas: St. Joseph Lvr Stamford. Topeka, Montana: Peter Floriday Wichita Butts Port Pensacola, Kentucky: Nebraska: Oklahoma: R Georgia: Covington Lincoln . Washington: Augusta, Maine: New Hampshire: V Tacor Columbus, Lewiston, Manchester West Virginia: Savannah. Portland New Jersey: Pennsylvania: Char ‘ Ilinois: Massachusetts: Atlantic City, \ ntow! Hunt Aurora, Brockton Bayonne \ ! W Cicero, Brookline, East Orange, I l Wisconsin Danville, Chelsea, Elizabeth, I Cire Decatur, Chicopee, New Brunswick Harr irs Ket Evanston, Everett, Orange, H Lar Joliet, Fitchburg, Passai Meke r Mad Moline, Haverhill, Perth Amboy, N Castl O Oak Park, Holyoke, West Hoboken Norristown R Peoria, Lawrence, New York: W ‘ Bart Amsterdan \ ur Or iper Lynn, Malden, Quincy, Rockford, Binghamton [63] Alabama: Anniston, Bessemer, Gadsden. Arizona: Phoenix, Tucson. Arkansas: Fort Smith. California: Bakersfield, Glendale, Richmond, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Ana, Santa Barbara, Santa Monica, Vallejo. Colorado: Boulder, Greeley, Trinidad. Connecticut: Ansonia, Danbury, East Hartford, on field, Middletown, Milford, Naugatuck, New London, f Stonington, ; Stratford, Torrington, Wallingford, Willimantic. Georgia: Albany, Lagrange, * Rome. Illinois: Alton, Blue Island, ; Canton, r Champaign, Chicago Heights, Elgin, r Forest Park, Freeport, r) Galesburg, | Granite City, Herrin, ‘ Jacksonville, 4 Kewanee, LaSalle, Murphysboro, R Ottawa, t Pekin, 4 Streator, Urbana, Waukegan. Indiana: ; Crawfordsville, Alabama: Albany, Fairfield. 281 Cities With Population 10,000 to 30,000 Elwood, Frankfort, Huntington, Logansport, Mishawaka, Peru, Richmond, Whiting. lowa: Burlington, Fort Dodge, Iowa City, Keokuk, Mason City, Muscatine, Ottumwa. Kansas: Atchison, Arkansas City, Chanute, Coffeyville, Emporia, Fort Scott, Hutchinson, Independence, Lawrence, Leavenworth, Parsons, Salina. Kentucky: Owensboro. Louisiana: Alexandria, Lake Charles, Maine: Augusta, Bath, Massachusetts: Adams, Amesbury, Arlington, Belmont, Beverly, Braintree, Clinton, Danvers, Gardner, Greenfield, Leominster, Marlboro, Melrose, Methuen, Newburyport, North Adams, Northbridge, Norwood, Revere, Saugus, Watertown, West Springfield, Weymouth, Winchester, Winthrop. Michigan: Ann Arbor, Calumet, Escanaba, Ironwood, Marquette, Sault Ste. Marie, Traverse City. Minnesota: Austin, Faribault, Mankato, Rochester, St. Cloud, Virginia, Winona. Mississippi: Laurel, Meridian, Vicksburg. Missouri: Cape Girardeau, Carthage, Jefferson City, Joplin, Moberly, Sedalia. Montana: Anaconda, Billings, Great Falls, Missoula. Nebraska: Grand Island, Hastings. New Hampshire: Berlin, Keene. New Jersey: Asbury Park, Belleville, Bloomfield, Bridgeton, Clifton, Englewood, Garfield, Gloucester, Hackensack, Long Branch, Montclair, North Bergen, Phillipsburg, Plainfield, Rahway, Summit, Town of Union, Weehawken, West New York. New York: Beacon, Gloversville, Herkimer, Hornell, Hudson, Ilion, Ithaca, Lockport, North Tonawanda, Ogdensburg, Olean, Oneida, Oneonta, Plattsburg, Port Jervis, Rome. North Carolina: Asheville, Durham, Greensboro, Rocky Mount, Salisbury. North Dakota: Grand Forks. Ohio: Barberton, Bucyrus, Chillicothe, Coshocton, Findlay, Fremont, Kenmore, Mansfield, Marietta, Martins Ferry, Massillon, , Middletown, Norwood, Salem, Sandusky, Steubenville, Tiffin. Ardmore, Okmulgee, Sapulpa, Shawnee. Oregon: Astoria, Eugene, Salem. Pennsylvania: Beaver Falls, Bristol, Canonsburg, Carbondale, Carlisle, Carrick, Dickson City, Donora, Dubois, Farrell, Greensburg, Homestead, Jeannette, Lebanon, McKees Rocks, Mahanoy City, Meadville, Monessen, 365 Cities With Population 5,060 to 10,000 Arizona: Bisbee, Douglas, Globe, Morenci. Arkansas: Paragould, Van Buren. California: Brawley, [64] Modesto, Monrovia, Monterey, Ontario, Nanticoke, New Kensingt North Braddoc! Oil City, Olyphant, Plymouth, Pottstown, Punxsutawney, Shamokin, Sharon, Steelton, Sunbury, Swissvale, Tamaqua, Warren, Washington, Wilkinsburg. Woodlawn. Rhede Island: Central Falls, Cranston, Cumberland, Warwick. South Dakota: Aberdeen, Sioux Falls. Texas: Denison, Marshall, Palestine, Ranger, Sherman, Texarkana. Vermont: Burlington, Rutland. Virginia: Alexandria, Charlottesville, Danville. Washington: Bellingham, Everett, Hoquiam, Vancouver, Walla Walia, Yakima. West Virginia: Bluefield, Fairmont, Morgantown, Moundsville, Parkersburg. Wisconsin: Appleton, Beloit, Fond du Lac, Marinette, Stevens Point, Wausau, West Allis. Wyoming: Casper, Cheyenne. Palo Alto, Redlands, San Luis Obispo, San Sant Sant out Visa Whit olors iran Long ve onne Bran Kill lym tock Seym Soutl Wate Wins Wind ‘lorid: Orlan Palat seorgi (mer Griff Marie Idaho: Caldv Coeul Idaho Lewis Illinois seare Belvi Charl Clint« Dixon Duqu East Harve Lawr Maco Mario Monm Moun Ponti: Spriny Staun laylo Wilms Winns Wood Zion. Indians Bickn Goshe Kenda Leban Lintor Mount Prince Rushv Shelby Valpa! W aba: lowat Cedar Center Charit Fairfle Grinne Newto Perry. Kansas Dodge Juncti Manha San Rafael, santa Clara, santa Rosa, uth Pasadena, Visalia, Whittier. Colorado: rand Junction, ongmont, »veland. Connecticut: Branford, cillingly, ‘lymouth, tock ville, Seymour, Southington, Watertown, Winsted, Windsor. Florida: Orlando, Palatka. Georgia: \mericus, Griffin, Marietta. Idaho: Caldwell, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho Falls, Lewiston. Illinois: Reardstown, Relvidere, Charleston, Clinton, Dixon, Duquoin, East Moline, Harvey, Lawrenceville, Macomb, Marion, Monmouth, Mount Carmel, Pontiac, Springvalley, Staunton, ‘aylorville, Wilmette, Winnetka, Woodstock, Zion. Indiana: Bieknell, Goshen, Kendallville, Lebanon, Linton, 7 Mount Vernon, Princeton, Rushville, Shelbyville, Valparaiso, Wabash, lowat Cedar Rapids, Centerville, Chariton, Fairfield, Grinnell, Newton, Perry. Kansas: Dodge City, Junction City, Manhattan, Newton, Ottawa, Pratt, Wellington, Winfield. Kentucky: Bowling Green Fort Thomas Maysville Maine: Belfast, Calais, Gardiner, Houlton, Presque Rumford, Saco, Westbrook. Maryland: Frostburg. Massachusetts: Abington, Agawam, Amherst, Andover, Athol, Bridgewater, Canton, Concord, Dartmouth, Easton, Franklin, Grafton, Ipswich, Marblehead, Maynard, Millbury, Milton, Isle, Montague, North Andover, North Attleboro, Orange, Palmer, Rockland, South Hadley, Spencer, Stoneham, Swampscott, Uxbridge, Walpole, Wellesley, Westboro, Whitman, Winchendon. Michigan: Albion, Alma, Bessemer, Cadillac, Charlotte, Coldwater, Dowagiac, Hancock, Hastings, Ionia, Iron Mountain, Manistee, Manistique, Midland, Mount Clemens, Munising, Muskegon Heights, Negaunee, Niles, Petoskey, River Rouge, toyal Oak, Sturgis, North Carolina: Elizabeth City Greenville, Kinston Lexington Statesville, Three Rivers, Ypsilanti Minnesota: Albert Brainerd, Cloquet, Lea, Fergus Falls, North Dakota: Moorhead, Bismarck New Ulm, Devils Lake, ted Wing, Jamestown South St. Paul, Ohio: tellefontaine, Sellevue Circleville, Conneaut, Defiance, Dover East Stillwater, Willmar Mississipp!: McComb, Pascagoula, Yazoo City. Missouri: Palestine, Clinton, Fostoria Hannibal, Galion Maplewood, Greenville, Marshall, Jackson Mexico, Kent Nevada, Logan Poplar Bluff, Mount Vernon, St. Charles, Nelsonville, University, Ravenna Webb City. St Bernard Webster Groves. Shelby Montana: Struthers Livingston. Urbana Wapakoneta Wilmington Nebraska: Beatrice Columbus, Xenia Fremont, Oklinhoma: Norfolk Ada, New Jersey: Blackwell, Boundbrook, Miami, Burlington, Ponea City, Cliffside Park, Vinita Dover, Oregon: East Rutherford, taker Fort Lee, Bend Medford Oregon City Pendleton Pennsylwania: Ashland Avalon Bellevue Bloomsburg, Clearfield Coraopolis, Danville, Darby, Dormont Forest . City, Franklin, Glassport Guttenberg, Haddonfield, North Plainfield, Nutley, Ridgefield Ridgewood, Roselle, toselle Park, Rutherford, Salem, Secaucus, Somerville, South Amboy, South River, Vineland, Wallington Park, New Mexico: Greenville, Raton, Hanover Santa Fe Huntingdon New York: Indiana, Canandaigua, Jersey Shore, Depew, Juniata, Glen Cove, Kane Kittanning, Knoxville, Latrobe Lewistown Hastings Hudson Haverstraw, Hempstead, upon Johnson City, Lock Haven, Lancaster, Millvale Massena, Milton Minersville, Mount Mechanicsville, Medina, North Tarrytown, Munhal Norwich, Nanty Glo, Walden New Brighton, [65 ] Pleasant, l Nort} ify pt Palmertor Parsons Pitcairn Rankir Rochester Scottdal: Tarentun Titusville Tyrone Waynesbor West Pitt Rhode Island Burrillvills Coventry South Union South Dakot:s Huron, Lead, Mitche ll Watertown Tennessee: Cleveland Murfreesh Texas: Belton Bonham Cisco Eastland Gainesville McKinne y Navasota Orange San Taylor Terrell Weatherfor Yoakum Vermont: Bennington Brattleboro Montpelier Morristo St. Albans Springfield Virginia: Bristol, Benit wn Carolina: Clifton Forges Hampton Harrisonbur Suffolk Winchester Washington: Anacortes Bremerton, Olympia, Wenatchee West Virgini Grafton, Keyser Wisconsin: Antigo, Chippewa F: Menasha, Menomonie Merrill, Neenah Rhinelander South Milw Stoughton, Watertown Wauwatosa Wisconsin Wyoming: Laramie Sheridan Ps tukes Rapids Alabama: Florala, Jasper, Tuscumbia. Arizona: Glendale, Jerome, Mesa, Winslow, Yuma. Arkansas: Arkadelphia, Conway, De Queen, Malvern, Newport, Prescott, Stuttgart. California: Burbank, Coalinga, Coronado, Dinuba, Gilroy, Hayward, Huntington Park, Inglewood, Lodi, Madera, Merced, Mill Valley, Orange, Oxnard, Piedmont, Pittsburg, Red Bluff, Santa Paula, Selma, So. San Francisco, Turlock, Watts. Colorado: Alamosa, Brighton, Canon City, Delta, Florence, Fort Morgan, La Junta, Lamar, Rocky Ford, Salida. Connecticut: Bethel, Darien, East Haven, East Windsor, Jewett City, Litchfield, Mansfield, New Canaan, New Milford, Ridgefield, Simsbury, Suffield. Delaware: Dover. Florida: De Land, Lake City, Quincey. Georgia: Barnesville, 589 Cities With Population of 2,500 to 5,000 Buford, Douglas, Manchester, Pelham, Thomaston, Winder. Idaho: Blackfoot, Kellogg, Moscow, St. Anthony, Standpoint. Illinois: Auburn, Batavia, Carterville, Des Plaines, Downers Grove, Dundee, Elmhurst, Galena, Galva, Geneseo, Georgetown, Gillespie, Glencoe, Harvard, Havana, Highland, Hinsdale, Jerseyville, Lake Forest, Lyons, Madison, Marseilles, Mound City, Mounds, Mount Olive, Naperville, Oglesby, Paxton, Princeton, Robinson, Rochelhe, Rock Falls, Silvis, Venice, Watseka, West Chicago, Westville. Indiana: Alexandria, Boonville, Dunkirk, Franklin, Gas City, Greencastle, Greenfield, Huntingburg, Jasper, Lawrenceburg, Martinsville, Mitchell, Monticello, Montpelier, Nappanee, Noblesville, North Vernon, Tell City, Tipton, Union City, West LaFayette, Winchester. Towa: Carroll, Clarion, Cresco, Decorah, Eagle Grove, Eldora, Glenwood, Hampton, Independence, Indianola, Iowa Falls, Le Mars, Maquoketa, New Hampton, Osage, Sac City, Spencer, Storm Lake, Tama, Valley Junction. Kansas: Abilene, Anthony, Augusta, Baxter Springs, Beloit, Caney, Cherryvale, Eureka, Galena, Girard, Hiawatha, Holton, Horton, Humboldt, Larned, Lyons, McPherson, Marysville, Osawatomie, Paola. Kentucky: Catlettsburg, Corbin, Jeorgetown, Jenkins, Ludlow, Morganfield, Russellville, Shelbyville, Somerset. Louisiana: De Ridder, Jeanerette, Mansfield, Plaquemine, Rayne, Slidell. Maine: Bar Harbor, Camden, Farmington, Fort Fairfield, Jay, Kennebunk, Mexico, Milo, Norway, Paris, Wilton, Winslow, [ 66 ] Maryland: Brunswick, Chestertown, Havre de Grace. Massachusetts: Acushnet, Ayer, Barre, Blackstone, Dalton, Deerfield, East Bridgewater, Foxboro, Groveland, Hadley, Hardwick, Hatfield, Hopedale, Kingston, Lee, Lenox, Longmeadow, Oxford, Rockport, Seekonk, Warren, West Bridgewater, Westford, Wilbraham, Wilmington, Wrentham. Michigan: Allegan, Big Rapids, Birmingham, Boyne City, Buchanan, Durand, Ecorse, Fenton, Ferndale, Gladstone, Grand Ledge, Greenville, Howell, Iron River, Norway, Onaway, Otsego, Rochester, St. Clair, St. Louis. Minnesota: Alexandria, Anoka, Aurora, Blue Earth, Columbia Heights, Crosby, Detroit, Ely, Fairmont, Gilbert, Grand Rapids, Hopkins, Hutchinson, Internat’l Falls, Lake City, Luverne, Montevideo, Northfield, St. James, St. Peter, Staples, Thief River fF Two Harbors, West St. Pau! Worthington Mississippi: Amory, Bay Saint Ly Canton, Columbia, Grenada, New Albany. Missouri: Bonne Terre, Boonville, Clayton, Eldon, Fredericktown Higginsville, Lexington, Macon, Monett, Richmond, Sikeston, Washington, West Plains Montana: Deer Lodge, Dillon, Glendive, Red Lodge, Whitefish. Nebraska: Alliance, Gering, Holdredge, McCook, Plattsmouth, Superior, Wymore. Nevada: Tonopah. New Hampshire: Conway, Exeter, Littleton, Newmarket, Newport. New Jersey: Bordentown, Butler, Cape May, Carlstadt, Dunellen, Fairview, Franklin, Freehold, Glen Ridge, Haddon Heig Haledon, Highland Par Hightstown, Lambertville, Merchantville Metuchen, Milltown, Pitman, Prospect Park Rockaway, Verona. New Mexico: Deming, East Las Vee Gallup. ‘enn Pleas scotls uth uppe Union Walte Wate! North Belm«e into Hamil Hende aurii Moreh Shelby larbo North | Valley Willis Ohio: Bedfor1 York: on, tyville, yn, vion, iwinsville, wkport, nxville, ton, rthage, itham, nnemora, nsville, »bs Ferry, t Aurora, Vew st Rochester, irk Heights, coner, rankfort, shen, uverneur, wanda, ranville, enport, Hamburg, lighland ington, wrence, neola, unt Kisco, unt Morris, wego, tchogue, Penn Yan, Pleasantville, Scotia, Southampton, upper Lake, nion, Walton, Waterloo, North Carolina: Belmont, Canton, Hamlet, Hendersonville, Laurinburg, Morehead City, Shelby, larboro, North Dakota: Valley City, Williston. Ohio: Bedford, Falls, T Berea, Bryan, Celina, Clyde, Crestline, Elmwood Euclid, Fairport, Geneva, Lebanon, Lisbon, Lockland, Marysville, Maumee, Miamisburg, Mingo Montpelier, New Boston, Oberlin, Pomeroy, Reading, Shadyside, Wadsworth, Willard, Willoughby. OmMahoma: Altus, Alva, Cleveland, Clinton, Frederick, Hobart, Mangum, Newkirk, Nowata, Pauls Valley, Perry, Purcell, Sand Springs, Stillwater, Walters, Wynona. Oregon: Albany, Ashland, Dallas, Grants Hood Klamath Newberg, Roseburg. Pennsylvania: Aliquippa, Ambler, Apollo, Pass, River, Falls, Place, Junction, Aspinwall Rhode Island: Athens Barrir ton Avoca Nortl IK Bellefonte Portsmouth, Bellwood Scituat Birdsboro Blairsville Brownsville, Catasauqua, Clifton Heights, Coplay Tiverton South Carolina: Laurens Summerville Seuth Dakota: Mobride: T Coudersport, Pierre 1) Ville Redfield rennessee: E. Mau. Chunk, Alcoa East Stroudsburg, Franklin Elizabeth, Harr Elizabethtown, Pula Ellsworth Springfield Emporium, Tra City Ephrata Texas: Galeton Ba Gettysbure ‘] Grove City, Hamburs Iagram, Jenkintown Lansdowne Curwen Dale, Lewisbure Lititz McAdoo Mauch Chunk, Mechanicsburg, Ix Mount Union Kings ] Narbert! Mercedes Nazareth Mission New Philadelphia Pitts North East, Quanah Oakmont Parnassus Perkasie, Polk Portage Port Sewik Soude South South Fork, S. W. Greensburg, Eure! Spring City, Murray Springdale Nephi Waynesburg, Park ({ West Reading Vermont: West York, Fair Have Wyoming Hardwick, Brownsville, Uvalde Utah: Middlebur Proctor Richford West Rut Virginia: Bedford Big ost Nort Washington Auburn Charlest Chel Pasco Rentor Roslyn Sedro W West Benwood Buckhant Hinton Piedmont Salem Wisconsin: Berlin Burlingt Clintonvi Hartfor Hudson Virginia Lake (rene Mayville Mineral P New Lond Oconomow Oconto Platte Plymout} Port W Reedsburs Richland Ripon Shawans Shorew Sparta Sturge Tomal Tomahaw Viroqua Washburt Waupar Waupun Wyoming: Gre bull ] 7 HAT DO you mean by a good teacher? If answers to this question could be obtained, their variety would no doubt be very great. We should certainly find frequent mention of personality, scholarship, method, discipline, leadership, and cooperation. Even voice, good looks, and sense of humor would be abundantly repre- sented; while those who look to the pupil rather than to the teacher for the real measure of teaching would name a multitude of desirable knowledges, skills, activities, ideals, appreciations, and attitudes which good teaching should develop. It is probable, however, that no one would include in his list an item having to do with the number of pupils a teacher can successfully instruct. We are content to list the qualities which condition good teaching without inquiring how many pupils can be effectively influenced by these qualities. We estimate the results of teaching without taking account of the number of pupils who exhibit these results. Is it too much to say that if one teacher can teach twenty-five pupils while another can teach fifty equally well, the latter is worth twice as much as the former? And if he is worth more, should he not be better paid?—Editorial, Journal of Educational Research, January, 1923; p. 59. Form Used in Collecting Data On pages 68 to 70 are reproduced three pages of the Salary Inquiry used in collecting data on which this report is based. NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION one. 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET WASHINGTON, D. C. October 1, 1924. A eslaries | Salary Inquiry, School Year 1924-25 To Superintendents of Schools: Below $600 This inquiry is undertaken at the request of a number of city school superintendents. It will result in a comprehensive eal survey of the salary situation for 1924-25, and will make availabie data comparable to that issued by the National Education so. 900 Association two years ago in “Teachers’ Salaries and Salary Trends in 1923.” 800. 899 A preliminary summary of the results of the inquiry will be sent to those replying. Special tabulations to meet the needs age. l of individual cities will be available at the cost of preparation. 00-1199 A prompt reply will make it possible to supply city schools with facts on salaries for 1924-25 for use during the present schoo! weenie year. 400-1499 . Sincerely yours, mace JOHN K. NORTON, nanie Director, Research Division. 800 1999 2500- 2599 IMPORTANT a —— ee 1800 1999 Return one copy of this inquiry to Research Division, National Education Association, 1201.Sixteenth Street, N. W., Washing aaa ton, D. C., by October 22, 1924. The extra copy of the inquiry may be retained for your files. ae 3000- 3099 5100-3199... 3200-3299 _ 3300 3390 r Name of City State a. : 3700 3700.. i Name of Officer Reporting Position of Officer Reporting 4 Aeon (1] [ 68 J PART L—SALARIES PAID, 1924-25 DIRECTIONS: Fill in data requested at foot of page 1, NOW. Read notes at foot of this page before filling out this section. In answering this inquiry give figures ONLY for individuals employed for FULL TIME. If ycu have a printed or mimeographed SALARY SCHEDULE and other pamphlets dealing with any of the subjects covered in this inquiry, please INCLUDE COPIES WITH REPLY. Give the number of teachers whose salaries fall im each of | Give tic number of employees whose salaries Give the number of principals whose salaries fall in each | the salary groups indicated below fall in each of the salary groups indicated below | of the salary groups indicates below | OTHER SCHOOL EMPLOYEE BUILDING PRINCIPALS Salary Groups Teaching) Supervising) Clerks inj All salaries elementary) ®! eme atary| offices of{ should be Assistant or those | jer hight im terms of | (those vice-princi-|ttieh school mn yearly t pais, deans, school isi salary — {- principals Nother wise Below $1 20¢ {81200 1290 1300. 1390 1400 1500 2500- 2599... 2000 2699... 2700-2799... 2800-2899... 2900-2999... 3000-3099. 5100-3199... 3200-3299 _. 3300-3399. _ 3400-3490... 3800-3509. 3600-3099__ Totals regular and kindergarten teachers in full charge of « 4. " n teachers teach a section of the first grade in addition to the kindergartes addition to regular elementary classroom teachers include elementary teachers rated as assistant or vice principals who devote more than half time to classroom teach- -) air classes, sub-sormal cardiac classes and other special or atypical groups in charge of a single teacher imchude those rated as of departments, etc.. who devote more than half time to teaching (See note (j on the annual or schoo! Alse question 10 on page 4 of this form. SS 8 oe ae eon Stenographers, typists, clerks, etc. employed in these offices. mechude el assistant or vice-principals who devote half time or more to admimistrative or supervisory duties. deans, etc. who devote more than half time to administrative duties PART I. SALARIES PAID, 1924-25—Continued Salasies of other Administrative and Supervisory Officers, 1924-25 DIRECTIONS: Do not include any individual in this list who has been included in the tabulation on page 2. Do not include a; more than once. Read notes a, b, and c, on this page, carefully before filling out this section. When this tabulation is completed it should give a complete picturt of the salaries paid all administrative and su; officers (Directors, Assistant Directors, Supervisors, Ass’t Supervisors, etc.) connected with the central office. What is the annual salary of the superintendent of schools?.___._ copnebeutctads canes ciibedanbitessteehdtimecdnecdbite dtbcnames SALARIES PAID OFFICERS (See note 1, ASSOCIATE, ASST. OR DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENTS... 2. BUSINESS MANAGERS. . 3. SECRETARY OF BOARD OF EDUCATION.... 4 SUPERINTENDENT OF BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS... . 5. CHIEF ATTENDANCE OFFICER.... eeceeerences hag Uabeetics