INDEX TO VOLUME I NIZATION: lions of Foreign-born and Native-born Citizens Lack the Education Necessary for Intelligent Citizer Democracy. . , ‘ tel , nk and Per Cent by State Ss ad F celew-Be rn White Population Unable to Speak English (Table 14 States and the Americanization Problem Among the Native-Born NCE: All Children in Your State Attending School? ollment and Attendance Increase 1920-22 ; -Time Attendance and Shortage of Seats by States (Table 1 People Through a State Law Should Require Full-Time Atter te Compulsory School Attendance Laws (Table 1 ABOR: id Labor Denies Thousands of Children an Educational Opportunity.... id Laborers and Rank of States in Per Cent Children not Engaged in Child Labor and Native-B School’s Influence on the Cc oming Generation DATED SCHOOLS: ber of Consolidated Schools by States 1920 (Table 5) People Should Consolidate Those School Districts That Are 7 Small to Maintain Modern S fF EDUCATION: Analysis of the Fictitious Increase in School Costs During the War Period (Table 5 Burden of School Costs Did Not Increase During the War Decade h the Nation Afford to Educate Its Children?. , of Education in One-Room School and Graded School (Table 2) : itious Increase in School Costs and Increase Necessary to Provide for Depreciation of Dollar and Attendance (Table 7) reased Cost Due to Increased Rahendnnce (Table 6) he One-Room School Costly? (Table 4).. ional Income and School Costs (Table 4) (also Table 25, No. 4, page 294) Purchasing Power of the Money Expended for Schools Was Less in 1920 Than in 1913 Puysicat INCOMPETENCY UM: the Three R’s Crowded Out by Fads and Frills? mparison of Time Allotments of Grades 1—6 in 60 Cities with Those of 49 Cities (Table 7) mparison of Weekly Time Allotments of Seattle and 49 Representative Cities (Table 8) $s Required by State Legislative Enactment or by Rulings of the State Board of Education to Be Obse: Special Programs or as Holidays (Table 2) : tial Relationships between State Legislatures and State Boards of Education son Time Allotments for Subjects in Elementary Schools and Junior High Schools de Combinations for Elementary Subjects Found in 5 or More City School Systems (Table 12 de Combinations in Which Junior High School Subjects Are Required and Elective in 5 or More Cit Systems out of a Total of 375 (Table 14) ; ; pful Books on Elem. and Sec. School Curricula Selec ted oO e Judgment of 25 Educators (Table 17 y Is the Elementary Pupil’s Time Divided? eo ¥ ih¢e School of Today More Efficient Than That of Yesterday? islation Affecting the Curriculum Put on a Scientific Basis mber of Combinations of Grades in Which 17 Eleme entary School Subjects are Taught in Gentes 1-8 (Table 13 ber of Combinatzons of Grades in Which 50 Junior High School Subjects are Taught in Grades 6-9 (Table 15 ber of Minutes Per Week by Grades Allotted to Elementary School Subjects (Table 5).. presentative Elementary Courses of Study Published Since 1920 (Table 18) ted and Annotated Bibliography. . ld There Be Specific Statutory Reauicone nts 1s Resesdies Curricula? ; utory and State Board of Education Requirements Relative to Elementary School Curvicula bjects and Topics Required to Be Taught in the Elementary Schools by State Legislative Enactments Ruling of the State Boards of Education (Table 1) e of Expert Opinion—Most Helpful Books on Curriculum Proble ; What Extent Are Elefnentary Curric ula Determined by State Re: quirements?....... at Are the Outstanding Facts Revealed by a Review of Recent Courses of Study? at a Comparison of Time Allotments Reveal ae at Does an Elementary Pupil Face When He Transfers from One City School System to Another? at Does a Junior High School Pupil Face When He Transfers from One City School System to Anothe t is Most Needed in Curriculum Revision? ; Re: at Opinions Do State Superintendents Hold Regarding Statutory Requirements? here Can the Best New Courses of Study Be Obtained?.. [ 351 ] INDEX TO VOLUME I (Continued) ErFiciency oF SCHOOLS: Public School Efficiency, Earning Power and Thrift by States (Table 36). ; Public School Efficiency, General Intelligence and Leadership in National Affa airs nee Ste ates (Table Public School Efficiency and the Production of Men and Women of Leadership (Table 32) School Efficiency 1900 and Literary Digest Circulation 1922 (Table 29). 33 Enrolment: Enrolment and Attendance Increase 1920-22 Enrolment by States by Decades 1870 to 1920 (Table 9) ....... EXPENDITURES—EDUCATIONAL: Educational Expenditures and Other Expenditures 1920 (Table 2) Expenditures for Education and Federal Taxes Paid by States and Per Cent Increase 1912-22 (Table Growth in Physical Property, National Income, and Public School Expenditures (Table 10). Per Cent of National Income (Table 1) Rank of the States in Per Capita Expenditures for Education Compared with Wealth, Income and Si avings De- posits (Table 6) are : : Rank of States in Per Pupil Expenditure, Average Length of Term, and Per Cent Rural is of City Teacher's Salary (Table 9) ; pee : EXPERIENCE OF TEACHERS: : Amount of Experience Accepted from Other Cities in Adjusting Salary (Table 44).... Experience and Maturity of Rural School Teachers by States (Table 7).. FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION: Number and Rank by States in Per Cent Foreign Born (Table 19) Percentage of Illiteracy in Countries from which Nearly Half of Our Foreign-Born Come (Table 11) Rank and Percentage by States, of Number of Foreign-Born from Countries where over 25 Per Cent of Popula tion are Illiterate (Table 13) ra The States and the Problem of Foreign-Born, Per Cent of Population Foreign-Born and Rz ok (Table 10) ILLITERACY: Federal Census and Army Draft Illiteracy (Table 17) : Illiteracy in the United States and Foreign Countries (Table) (also Table 14, No. 4, page 278) The Illiteracy Problem Among the Foreign-Born White Population by States—Per Cent and Rank (T able 12) Increase in Number of Illiterates in 12 States 1910 to 1920 (Table 15) - mae Number of Illiterates and Rank of States in Per Cent Illiterate (Table 16) Number and Rank of States in Per Cent Native-Born and Native-Born White Illiterates (Table 18) Percentage of Illiteracy in Countries from which Nearly Half of Our 14,000,000 Foreign-Born Come (Table 20 Rank by States and Percentage of Native-Born IIliterates 21 Years of Age and Over (Table 15) . Rank by States and Percentage of Illiteracy in Rural and Urban Populations (Table 17).. Rank by States and Per Cent Illiterate 10 Years of Age and Over (Table 22) “a Rank by States and Per Cent Illiterate Among the Native-Born 10 Years of Age and trons (Table 23) Rank by States and Per Cent Illiterate Among the Negro Population 10 Years of Age and Over (Table 25) Rank by States and Per Cent Illiterate Among the Native-Whites 10 Years of Age and Over (Table 24) School Efficiency and Literacy (Table 28) Inpex NUMBERS: Index of Cost of Living and Purchasing Power of Teachers’ Salaries (Table 11) Loss in Purchasing Power of Teachers Salary (Table 8) Purchasing Power of Teachers Salaries (Table 18) INEQUALITIES OF OPPORTUNITY: Average Number of Days Schools in Session, Rank by States, and Per Cent of Population 5 to 18 Attending School 1926 (Table 16) ; Children of the United States Do Not Have an Equal Opportunity to Cbtain an Education The States and Inequalities of Opportunity. . The State School Equalization Fund Should Be Distributed among the Local Districts in a Manner That Would Guarantee Every American Boy and Girl an Educational Opportunity LENGTH OF ScHOOL TERM: The People Through a State Law Should Require All Schools to be Open at Least Eight Months Each Year Rank by States of Average Number of Days of School Session and Per Cent of Population 5 to 18 Attending School in 1920 (Table 16) - pee LuxurRIEs: Estimated Annual Expenditures for Luxuries 1920 (Table 3) (also Table 27, No. 4, page 297) PuysicaL Epvucation: Number and Rank of States in Per Cent of Men Disqualified for General Military Service (Table 23) Preventable Physical Defiziencies Are Costing the Nation Miltions Each Year [352] LARIES ADMIN Direc D Sa Sal, Sele Sic] Spe Tea Tre Junior Dis Dis: Dis’ Me INDEX TO VOLUME I (Continued) oFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT (see Summer School). Other Methods of Encouraging Professional Advancement Salary Allowances for Completion of Professional Courses During riNG OF TEACHERS: Rating of Quality of Teaching Service (Table 46) TARDATION: The Cost of Retardation Retardation Among School Children Mz aloe sUsa | Nation of Sixt! TIREMENT: bliography on Retirement ; ; blic School Efficiency and Teacher Retire -ment Systems State Teacher Retirement Laws (Table 30). ~~ Teacher Retirement Systems in Cities 1922—23 (Table 53). RAL SCHOOLS: Experience of Rural School Teachers Ke Inadequacy of Rural Schools Revealed by Illiterary Among Native Whites The One-Room School, an Ineffective but Expensive Instrument of Education in Modern Times Sti Great Numbers. . Rank by States and Per Cent II lite erate among Ni ative W hit e Rural a a Urban 1 Poss lation (Table 18 Rank by States and Per Cent of Teachers in One-Room Schools (Table 19) LARIES: ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS: Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Tables 58 to 61, incl.) (also Tables 67 to 71, incl. N pp Increase in Salaries of Administrative and Supervisory Officers 1913-14 (Table 19) Median Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Table 3) Sess Salaries Paid Administrative Officers 1922—23 (Table 55 DIRECTORS OR SUPERVISORS: Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922—23 (Tables 62 to 65, incl.) (also Tables 72 to 76, incl Salaries Paid 1922-23 In Cities Over 100,000 in Population (Tables-56 and 57) ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS: Distribution of Salaries of Supervising and Non-Supervising Elementary Principals Distribution of Salaries Paid Elementary Principals (Both Teaching ard Supervising) (Tables 40 and 41 Distribution of Salaries Paid Supervising Elementary Principals (Tables 42 to 44, in Distribution of Salaries Paid Supv. Elem. Principals Cities 100,000 Population and Over (Table 64 1922-23 (Table 60 Median Salaries Paid Non-Supervising and Supervising Elementary Principals, ELEMENTARY TEACHERS: Comparison of Median Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 37 Comparison of Median Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 31 Distribution of Salaries Paid Elementary Teachers 958 Cities in 1922—23 (Table 5 Distribution of Salaries Paid—Cities over 100,000 in Population (Table 62) Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Tables 22 to 26, incl peat Median Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Table 57) (also Table 12, No. 2, page 86) GENERAL: Average Salaries All Schools (Table 21)... City Salary Increments in 1922-23 (Table 23) Comparison of Median Salaries—Rural and Urban with Percentages and Rank by States (Table 21 Distribution of Salaries Paid City Teachers in the U. S. 1913-14 to 1922-23 (Table 17 Distribution of Salaries Paid Teachers and Pinaieals. , Maximum Salaries for Cities—1922-—23 (Tables 32 to 36 incl.) Median Salaries Paid City Teachers and Principals in 1922-23 (Table 1) Minimum Salaries in Cities in 1922-23 (Tables 26 to 30 incl Present Tendencies in Solving Salary Problems...... ; Rank of States in Per Cent Rural is of City Teachers Salary, Length of School Term and Expenditur Pupil in Attendance (Table 9) Salary Bonus in Cities (Table 22) Salaries Paid in Cities in 1923 Salaries and the Supply of Teachers... Selected Bibliography on Salaries... . Sick Leave with Salary (Table 51) Special] Provisions Affecting Teachers’ Salaries in the U nited States Teachers’ Salaries and the Depreciation of the Dollar. . Trends in the Median Salaries in City Schools for the Pe eiod 1913- 44 to 1922-23 (Tabie 1 16). Junior Hicu-ScHoo. PRINcIPALs: Distribution of Salaries of Junior High School Principals... . Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Tables 45 to 49 incl.). Distribution of Salaries Paid Junior High School Principals in 269 Cities in 1922-23 (Table 12 Median Salaries Paid Junior High-School Principals 1922-23 (Table 16) (also Table 61, No. 3, p. 87) [ 333 ] 93.95) 123 128-129 124 112 114 125 20 113 116 90 86 43 38 88 INDEX TO VOLUME I (Continued) Juntor Hicu-ScHoo, TEACHERS: RE Comparison of Median Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 37) aa 3 .B Comparison of Median Minimum Salaries Paid in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 31). > 9 2 | Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Tables 27 to 31 incl.).............00000005- , 10 Spe Distribution of Salaries Paid Junior High School Teachers in 416 Cities in 1922-23 (Table 6). io 2 Tea Median Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Table 13) a Table 58, No. 3, page 84)....... 2 KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS: \ Distribution of Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Tables 17 to 21 incl.)............+.++:- , Dens Median Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Table 12) (also Table 57, No. 3, page 83)..... kon Bank | RuRAL SCHOOLS: T Comparison of Median Salaries in Cities, Villages, and Rural Schools (Table 8)..... ‘ @ Distribution of Salaries Paid in One-Teacher Rural Schools 1922-23 (Table 66)... .. 3 Distribution of Salaries Paid in Rural Schools 1922-23 (Tables 14 and 15).......... Me P oar ALTH . Median Salaries Paid Rural Teachers and Principals in 1922-23 (Table 2). ; 3 The N Median Salaries Paid Rural School Teachers and Principals by States 1922- 23 (Table 65) Shortage of Teachers in Rural Schools and Salary Trends in Rural Schools, 1922-23 (Table 79 SALARY SCHEDULES: Amount of Annual Increases Provided in City Salary Schedules—1922-23 (Tables 38 and 39) 3 Application of Suggested Salary Schedules (Table 55). ....... 2.0... cece eee eeee aie 3 Comparison of Annual Increases in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 40) : ek eae. ; 3 General Principles Affecting the Making of Salary Schedules.................. 3 Danl Kank Maintenance of Salary Schedules in Cities 1923-24 (Table 21)................ a Method of Introducing New Schedules (Table 56)............-. 0. cee e ences 3 Number of Annual Increases Provided for in City Galery Schedule s 1922-23 (Table 41).. ; 3 Number and Percentage of Cities with Salary Schedules (Table 25)............ 3 Principles and Standards Involved in the Making and Administration of Teachers’ Salary Schedules 3 ney emedulen in Genaller Citiem. coc... ok ccc ccc ccc c cece c cer scccccccceces nie 3 Schedules in Average Sised Cities...........0. ccc ccc c ccc ccc cece ete c ce eeneeees 3 EELS I ; 3 Specific Principles Affecting the Making and Administration of Salary Schedules. . Le eee Suggested Salary Schedules in Operation—1923................-.-200005 tee : 3 Suggested Salary Schedules (Table 54)...........-0. 0200 e cece eee e cece eeeees es, 3 ScuHoo.t Nurses: Distribution of Salaries Paid School Nurses in 404 Cities in 1922-23 (Table 9). Median Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Table 14) (also Table 59, No. 3, page 85) .... Senior HiGu-Scuoor Principats: Distribution of Salaries Paid 1922-23 (Tables 50 to 54, incl.).................-5.- Distribution of Salaries Paid Senior High School Principals 770 Cities in 1922-23 (Table 1 13) 3 ’ Median Salaries Paid Senior High-School Principals 1922-23 (Table 16) (also Table 61, No. 3, page 87 .. 2 Sentor Hicu-ScHoo. TEACHERS: Comparison of Median Maximum Salaries Paid Teachers in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 37) 3 Comparison of Median Minimum Salaries Paid Teachers in 1918-19 and 1922-23 (Table 31) Ss Distribution of Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Tables 32 to 36, incl.)..............-- 2 Distribution of Salaries Paid Senior High-School Teachers in 881 Cities in 1922-23 (T able 7 oe : 3 Distribution of Salaries Paid—Cities over 100,000 in Population (Table 63).. 3 Median Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Table 13) (also Table 57, No. 3, Page 84) eS a ie a ae SINGLE SALARY SCHEDULES: Adoption of Single Salary Principles (Table 42)...... 2... 2... cece cece ee eee UE Re ee 3 Denver, Colorado, Salary Schedule. .............: cece cece cece eee e een eennes cas teeaessat =$ Fort Smith, Arkansas, Salary Schedule............... 06260000 e ee caeeeeeeeees ; meee: See 3 EES NES LER IES OS RL tye ee ar. 3 St. Joseph, Missouri, Salary Schedule...............6 0000000 e cece cence ee eeees ms iutiawig. 3 Specia, Ciass TEACHERS: Distribution of Salaries Paid Special Class Teachers—417 Cities in 1922-23 (Table 8)... aise 3 Median Salaries Paid in 1922-23 (Table 14) (also Table 59, No. 3, p. 85).......... es, 2 SUPERINTENDENTS: Salaries of State Superintendents and Commissioners of Education (Table 20)...... erin AES « < Trends in Salaries of State Superintendents of Schools..............66 66050002500 eees ine ae... 3 Summer ScHOOL: Allowance for Summer School Attendance (Table 48)... ... 2. cee cee eens oe, 3 Attendance at Summer School in Summer of 1922 (Table 47)........ 6.6.6 c cece cece cece eens Sod ixelaics E 3 TAXES: The Money for the Support of Our Public Schools Is Obtained by Obsolete and Discredited Methods........ 4 The People Through an Adequate State Equalization Fund Should Make It Possible for All Local Districts, Without Levying an Unreasonably High Tax, to Maintain a School That Meets All State Requirements... 4 Per Cent of Income Paid for Federal, State and Local Taxes by States Compared with Expenditures for Education (Table 7). wages 1 Per Cent of School Money Coming: oom ‘State, County oni Local Commuaity (Table 11). ek aa 4 [ 354 ] INDEX TO VOLUME I raphy on Tenure ns of State Tenure 11 Tenute Regulations in Cities (Table 52 Teacher Tenure Laws. Laws in Tabular F NING OF TEACHERS: sr and Per Cent of Trained Teachers by States (Table 6 Table 20) ons Concerning Training of Teachers ; Rank by States and Per Cent of Teachers without Adequate Training T of Teachers in Rural Schools in 1922-23 (Table 78) ning, Experience and Maturity ing Required for Election to both City and Rural Schools Nation’s Wealth Is Adequate. ’ ae re ‘ » Nation’s Wealth and Educational Expenditures (Table 1) (also Table 24, No. 4. p. 293) nk of the States Compared with Expenditures for Education, Income. and Savings Deposits (Table 3 >ompared with Income and Savings (Table es for Education and Income (Table Ra Rank of the States in Per Cent of Wealth to Pay for Education ( Rank of the States in Wealth per Child Compared with Expenditur