of (UttrtrH atiO ^Ijtlantlji GIFT FRO^^ Dup. U. of C. Oh. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/addressesproce1903natiuoft m NATIONAL educational) ASSOCIATION ^'%'«'-*^^ . Journal OF Proceedings and Addresses OF THE FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING HELD AT BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS JULY 6-10, 1903 1903 publfsbeD bi3 tbe Bssocfatfon secretary's OFFICE, WINONA, MINN. i Id IQ05 PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS CONTENTS PAGE Constitution - - -.- i By-Laws ----.- 4 Act of Incorporation 4 Calendar of Meetings 6 Officers for 1902-3 8 Officers for 1903-4 12 Report of Treasurer 16 Report of Trustees 18 GENERAL SESSIONS Journal of Proceedings - 21 Minutes of Annual Meeting of Active Members 23 Report of Committee on Resolutions 29 Minutes of Meeting of Board of Directors 1902-3 - 32 Minutes of Meeting of Board of Directors 1903-4 35 Addresses of Welcome — Bates, Collins^ Pritchett 41 Responses — Lane, Harris -----------44 Presidential Address: The New Definition of the Cultivated Man — Eliot - - 46 The Present Peril to Liberal Education — West ------- 54 The Opportunity and Function of the Secondary School — Woodward - - - 60 Manual, Trade, and Technical Education — Balliet ------ 65 The Part of the Manual-Training High School in American Education — Pritchett 71 . School Gardens, City School Yards, and the Surroundings of Rural Schools — Bright 77 School Gardens — Clapp ----------- 85 Surroundings of Rural Schools — Skinner -------- 89 School Surroundings — Stetson - - - - 96 The Teaching of Civics and Good Citizenship in Public Schools — Welling - - 98 Justification of City Expenditure on Parks, and Parkways, etc. — Matthews - - 102 The Nature-Study Mowement -:-Bailey • - - - - - - - - 109 The Beginning and Aims of the General Education Board — Buttrick - - - 116 The Educational Needs of the Southern Negro — Walker 123 The Schools of the People — Murphy - - - - - - - - - 129 DEPARTMENT OF SUPERINTENDENCE (Cincinnati Meeting, 1903) Secretary's Minutes 139 The Human Side of Geography — Wolfe 143 Discussion — Hatch, Redway - - - - 153 The Best Methods of E-lecting School Boards — /ones 158 Discussion — Carr, Chalmers, Pearse, Soldan - - - - - - 159 The Freedom of the Teacher — Gilbert - 164 Discussion — Van Sickle, Richeson - - - 174 A Readjustment of the High-School Curriculum — Coy 177 Discussion — Cooley, Soldan, De Garmo - - 183 Industrial Training in Rural Schools — Bayliss ^ - - 185 Discussion — Harvey 193 Literature in the Grades, and How to Use It — Mrs. Cooley 198 Discussion — Mrs. Heermans, Miss Holbrook 206 iii IV NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ROUND TABLES A. Round Table of State and County Superintendents : Form and Extent of Manual Training for Public-School V^ork — Thompson - 214 Y^x^zvL^^xoxi—lVilkinson, Cole, Thompson, Martin, Fall, Baxter - - - 217 B. Round Table of Normal Schools and City Training Schools : Organization and Function of the Training School— Bender - - - -219 C. Round Table of City Superintendents : The Most Effective Use of the Superintendent's Time— ^/^^g--?// - - - 224 Discussion — Brown, Foos, Keating ■ " " ^^7 Public Opinion and Good SzhooXs—Stableton 228 D\scviS^\on—Osg, Chalmers, Hotchkiss 233 What Should Be the Features of a Modern Elementary-School Building? — Carroll -------■'"'"' -jj Discussion — Griffith - - - 239 The Full Utilization of a Public-School Plant— ^//tJ/ 241 Seven-Year Course for Ward-School Pupils— G^r^^-^w^o^ 247 Discvission— Boone, McMurry, Carroll, Carr, Coy 260 OxfordUniversity and the Rhodes Scholarships— ^arr/j 263 Some Practical Problems in Manual Training— i^zV//ar^5 278 Discussion — La*-sson - " ' ^"5 Coeducation at the University of Chicago —Small ------ 288 Coeducation in High Schools — Gove --------- 297 Discussion— ^•^at/^r, Gastman, Keating, Wolfe, Prince - - - - 299 THE NATIONAL COUNCIL Constitution - - 30i Officers and Members ------------ 303 Secretary's Minutes ...--------- 300 Special Committees of Investigation --------- 308 The Voluntary Element in Education — De Garmo 3" The Saving of Time in Elementary and Secondary Education — Balliet, Mrs, Young ....'. - 317.322 Discussion — Woodward, Green, Mrs. Young, Balliet ----- 327 The Educational Progress of the Year 1 902-1 903 — Hyde ----- 330 Discussion — Cook. Carr, Swain, Woodward ------ 339 Contributions of Modern Education to Religion — Coe 341 Influence of Religious Education on the Motives of Conduct — Pace - - - 346 The Separation of the Church from the Public School — Harris - - - -351 Discussion — Schaeffer, Carr, Miss Stickney, Greenwood, Pearse, Pace - - 360 Memorial Addresses : Jabez Lamar Monroe Curry — Alderman 3^5 William Miller Beardshear — Seerley 3^8 ^iEmerson Elbridge White— Ccj/ 3^9 ■Remarks — Swain, Greenwood, Bartholomew 373 Edward Richard Shaw — Reigart 374 DEPARTMENT OF KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION Secretary's Minutes ..------.--- 377 Kindergarten Principles in Social Work — Lee ------- 378 Discussion — Eliot, Anagnos, Greenough, Soldan ... - - 383 The Kindergarten : An Uplifting Influence in the Home and the District — Gilder 388 The Power of the Kindergarten Training School, etc. — Miss Hart - - ■ 395 The Scope and Results of Mothers' Classes — Miss Harrison - . . - 400 Discussion — Afrs. Langzettel - - - 405 The International Kindergarten Union — Miss Wood 406 CONTENTS V . DEPARTMENT OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION Secretary's Minutes ------------ 407 The Lock-Step in the Public Schools— -5isc\i?,s\on^/ohnson, Miss Bender 766 Health and Growth of School Children — Hastings 769 Discussion — Fitz, Mrs. Putnam 775 School Hygiene in its Bearing on Child-Life — Wood 778 Discussion — Zirkle 784 CONTENTS VI 1 Sex Differentiation in Relation to Secondary Education — Yoder - - - - 785 Discussion — Starbuck, Snyder --------- 790 The Percentage of Boys Who Leave the High School, etc. — Ellis - - - 792 Discussion — Carr^ Balliet 798 How to Increase the Attendance of Boys at the High School — Stableton - - 801 Self-Direction as a Motive for Increasing Attendance — Scott ... - 808 Influence of Men and Women Teachers — Bell - 809 Psychic Arrest in Adolescence — Hall - - - - - - - - -8ll Discussion — Myer, Dawson - - - - - - - - -813 DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION Secretary's Minutes - - 817 Physical Education and Brain-Building — Krohn ...... 818 Place of Physical Education in the Curriculum, etc. — Lyttle 823 How to Improve Public-School Gymnastics — Wood ------ 828 Tests of Efficiency of a Normal School of Gymnastics — Posse . . - - 829 Physical Training for the Mass of Students — Anderson, Whittier - - 837,843 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE INSTRUCTION Secretary's Minutes ....-- 847 Practical Methods of Teaching Geology — Shaler 848 The Proper Scope of Geological Teaching in the High School and Academy —Rice - - - 853 Out-of-Door Class Work in Geography — Gulliver ------ 856 The Teaching of Biology in High Schools — Pearse ...... 858 A New Method of Teaching Physiology — Porter - - - - - - 862 Laboratory Work in High-School Physiology — Peabody ----- 867 College Chemistry andits Relation to Preparatory Work — Remsen - - - 872 High-School Chemistry in its Relation to College Chemistry — Williams - - 873 Chemistry from the College Standpoint — Talbot - - 878 The Laboratory the Place to Teach Fundamental Principles — Smith - - - 878 High-School Chemistry: From the City Superintendent's Point of View — Kunze - 878 The Normal-School View of Chemistry Teaching — Newell ----- 879 High-School Chemistry in its Relation to College Chemistry — Perkins - - 880 Physics for Boys and Girls: An Introductory Course — Packard - - - - 880 Physics in the Secondary School — Palmer -------- 883 The High-School Phase of Physics Teaching: Aims and Methods — Twiss - - 885 Discussion — //all, Mann - - - - - - - - - - 889 A Course in Physics for Technical High Schools — Warner - . . . 890 DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION Secretary's Minutes 897 School Boards: Number of Members, Terms of Service, etc. — Edwards, Gushing, 898-905 School Boards: Their Functions, etc. — /^unsicker - - - - - - 91G New Departures in School Administration — //olden - - - - - - 914 Consolidation of Rural Schools — Fowler, Prince - - ... 919,929 LIBRARY DEPARTMENT Secretary's Minutes 937 Some Co-operative Suggestions — Bayliss - - - - - - - - 938 Public-Library Work for Public Schools — Miss Doren 943 The Public Library and the Public School— 6^2/^^?? ------ 948 The Mission of the Class Library — Leland - 953 Is the Public Library a Promptuary for the Public Schools ? — //odges - - - 957 Discussion — //ess, //arris - - 960,961 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The Library as an Adjunct to the Secondary School — Holland - - - - 961 Some Library Experiments in Nebraska — Miss Mason - . . . . q65 Library Instruction in the Normal School — Brett, Miss Ahem ■ - - 971, 976 Discussion — Green, Lyte, Wilkinson, Dewey 981,982 DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION Secretary's Minutes - 985 President's Address — Allen ------ q86 Influence of the Study of the Unusual Child upon the Teaching of the Usual — Hall, Johnson --.-...... ggy^ gg2 Discussion — Brandt, Campbell ggy^ ggg Should the Scope of the Public School Be Broadened ? — Miss Greene - - - 998 Discussion — Wood, Le Garde, Prince, Fernald ------ 1003 How Can the Term "Charitable" Be Justly Applied to Education ? — Fay - - 1007 Discussion — Wait . . 1012 The Importance of Tests of Hearing — Blake -..-... 1013 Facts and Fallacies in the Examination of School Children's Eyes — Standish, - 1020 Some Eye Defects of Feeble-Minded and Backward Children — Greenwood - - 1023 Some Diseases of the Nose and Throat of Interest to Teachers — Crockett - - 1028 What Teachers Need to Know about Speech Impediments — Mrs. Thorpe - - 1031 Report of Committee on Statistics of Defective Sight and Hearing — Booth - 1036 DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN EDUCATION Secretary's Minutes - . 1039 Addresses of Welcome — Hale, Guild, Winship, Miss Edmund, Prince - - - 1040 Response — Frissell - . . . 1043 President's Address : Our Work : Its Progress and Needs —/'j - - - 1044 The Present System of Indian Schools in Qualifying Indians for Citizenship — Frissell - 1049 Alaska's Start toward Citizenship — Jackson 1052 The White Man's Burden versus Indigenous Development, etc. — Hall - - - 1053 Heart Culture in Indian Education — Meserve - - 1056 Tenure in the Civil Service — Doyle 1059 Statistical Tables of Membership 1064 Inventory and Price List of Publications 1066 CONSTITUTION OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION PREAMBLE To elevate the character and advance the interests of the profession of teaching, and to promote the cause of popular education in the United States, we, whose names are subjoined, agree to adopt the following CONSTITUTION ARTICLE I — NAME This association shall be stj-led the National Educational Association. ARTICLE II — DEPARTMENTS Section i. It shall consist of eighteen departments: first, of Superintendence; second, of Normal Schools; third, of Elementary Education ; fourth, of Higher Educa- tion; fifth, of Manual Training; sixth, of Art Education; seventh, of Kindergarten Education; eighth, of Music Education; ninth, of Secondary Education ; tenth, of Busi- ness Education; eleventh, of Child Study; twelfth,' of Physical Education ; thirteenth, of Natural Science Instruction; fourteenth, of School Administration; fifteenth, the Library Department ; sixteenth, of Special Education ; seventeenth, of Indian Education ; and eighteenth, the National Council of Education. Sec. 2. Other departments may be organized in the manner prescribed in this con- stitution. ARTICLE III — MEMBERSHIP Section i. There shall be three classes of members, namely, active, associate, and corresponding. Sec. 2. Teachers and all who are actively associated with the management of educational institutions, including libraries and periodicals, may become active members. All others who pay an annual membership fee of two dollars may become associate mem- bers. Eminent educators not residing in America may be elected by the Directory to be corresponding members. The number of corresponding members shall at no time exceed fifty. Sec. 3. Any person eligible may become an active member upon application indorsed by two active members, and the payment of an enrollment fee of two dollars and the annual dues for the current year. ^ Active members only have the right to vote and to hold office in the general Associa- tion or in the several departments. All active members must pay annual dues of two dollars, and will be entitled to the volume oi Proceedings without "coupon" or other conditions. The annual membership NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION fee shall be payable at the time of the annual convention, or by remittance to the Secre- tary before September i of each year. Any active member may discontinue membership by giving written notice to the Secretary before September i, and may restore the same only on payment of the enrollment fee of two dollars and the annual dues for the current year. All life members and life directors shall be denominated active members, and shall enjoy all the powers and privileges of such members without the payment of annual dues. Associate members may receive the volume of Proceedings in accordance with the usual " coupon " conditions, as printed on the membership certificate. Corresponding members will be entitled to the volume of Proceedings without the payment of fees or other conditions. Sec. 4. The names of active and corresponding members only will be printed in the volume of Proceedings, with their respective educational titles, offices, and addresses, the list to be revised annually by the Secretary of the Association. ARTICLE IV— OFFICERS Section i. The officers of this Association shall consist of a President, twelve Vice- Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Board of Directors, a Board of Trustees, and an Executive Committee, as hereinafter provided. Sec. 2. The Board of Directors shall consist of the President of the National Educational Association, First Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, chairman of the Board of Trustees, and one additional member from each state, territory, or district, to be elected by the Association for the term of one year, or until their successors are chosen, and of all life directors elected previous to July 10, 1895. All past presidents of the Association now living (July 10, 1895), and all future presidents at the close of their respective terms of office, and the United States Com- missioner of Education, shall be life directors of the Association. The President of the National Educational Association, P'irst Vice-President, Treas- urer, chairman of the Board of Trustees, and a member of the Association to be chosen annually by the Board of Directors, which member shall hold office for one year, shall constitute the Executive Committee. Sec. 3. The elective officers of the Association, with the exception of the Secretary, shall be chosen by the active members of the Association by ballot, unless otherwise ordered, on the third day of each annual session, a majority of the votes cast being necessary for a choice. They shall continue in office until the close of the annual session subsequent to their election, and until their successors are chosen, except as hereinafter provided. Sec. 4. Each department shall be administered by a president, vice-president, sec- retary, and such other officers as it shall deem necessary to conduct its affairs ; but no' person shall be elected to any office of the Association, or of any department, who is not, at the time of the election, an active member of the Association. Sec. 5. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Association and of the Board of Directors, and shall perform the duties usually devolving upon a presiding officer. In his absence, the first vice-president in order, who is present, shall preside; and in the absence of all vice-presidents, a pro-tempore chairman shall be appointed on nomination, the Secretary putting the question. Sec. 6. The Secretary shall keep a full and accurate report of the proceedings of the general meetings of the Association and all meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall conduct such correspondence as the directors may assign, and shall have his records present at all meetings of the Association and of the Board of Directors. The secretary of each department shall, in addition to performing the duties usually pertaining to his office, keep a list of the members of his department. CONSTITUTION Sec. 7. The Treasurer shall receive, and under the direction of the Board of Trustees hold in safe-keeping, all moneys paid to the Association ; shall expend the same only upon the order of said board ; shall keep an exact account of his receipts and expenditures, with vouchers for the latter, which accounts, ending the ist day of July each year, he shall render to the Board of Trustees and, when approved by said board, he shall report the same to the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall give such bond for the faithful discharge of his duties as may be required by the Board of Trustees ; and he shall continue in office until the first meeting of the Board of Directors held prior to the annual meeting of the Association next succeeding that for which he is elected. Sec. 8. The Board of Directors shall have power to fill all vacancies in their own body; shall have in charge the general interests of the Association, excepting those herein intrusted to the Board of Trustees; shall make all necessary arrangements for its meet- ings, and shall do all in its power to make it a useful and honorable institution. Upon the written application of twenty active members of the Association for permission to establish a new department, it may grant such permission. Such new department shall in all respects be entitled to the same rights and privileges as the others. The formation of such department shall in effect be a sufficient amendment to this constitution for the insertion of its name in Art. II, and the Secretary shall make the necessary alterations. Sec. 9. The Board of Trustees shall consist of four members, elected by the Board of Directors for the term of four years, and the President of the Association, who shall be a member ex officio during his term of office. At the election of the trustees in 1886, one trustee shall be elected for one year, one for two years, one for three years, and one for four years ; and annually thereafter, at the first meeting of the Board of Directors held prior to the annual meeting of the'Association, one trustee shall be elected for the term of four years. All vacancies occurring in said Board of Trustees, whether by resig- nation or otherwise, shall be filled by the Board of Directors for the unexpired term ; and the absence of a trustee from two successive annual meetings of the board shall forfeit his membership therein. The Board of Trustees thus elected shall constitute the body corporate of the Association, as provided in the certificate of incorporation under the pro- visions of the Act of General Incorporation, Class Third, of the Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, dated the 24th day of February, 1886, at Washington, D. C, and recorded in Liber No. 4, "Acts of Incorporation for the District of Columbia." Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the Board of Trustees to provide for safe-keeping and investment of all funds which the Association may receive from donations ; and the income of such invested funds shall be used exclusively in paying the cost of publishing the annual volume of Proceedings of the Association, excepting when donors shall specify otherwise. It shall also be the duty of the board to issue orders on the Treasurer for the payment of all bills approved by the Board of Directors, or by the President and Secre- tary of the Association acting under the authority of the Board of Directors; and, when practicable, the trustees shall invest all surplus funds exceeding one hundred dollars that shall remain in the hands of the Treasurer after paying the expenses of the Association for the previous year. Sec. II. The Board of Trustees shall elect the Secretary of the Association, who shall also be secretary of the Executive Committee, and shall fix the compensation and the term of office for a period not to exceed four years. ARTICLE V— MEETINGS Section i. The annual meeting of the Association shall be held at such time and place as shall be determined by the Board of Direct{#s. Sec. 2. Special meetings may be called by the President at the request of five directors. Sec. 3. Any department of the Association may hold a special meeting at such time and place as by its own regulations it shall appoint. NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Sec. 4. The Board of Directors shall hold its regular meetings at the place and not less than two hours before the assembling of the Association. Sec. 5. Special meetings may be held at such other times and places as the board or the President shall determine. Sec. 6. Each new board shall organize at the session of its election. At its first meeting a committee on publication shall be appointed, which shall consist of the Presi- dent and the Secretary of the Association for the previous year, and one member from each department. ARTICLE VI — BY-LAWS By-laws not inconsistent with this constitution may be adopted by a two-thirds vote of the Association. ARTICLE VII — AMENDMENTS This constitution may be altered or amended at a regular meeting by the unanimous vote of the members present ; or by a two-thirds vote of the members present, provided that the alteration or amendment has been substantially proposed in writing at a previous meeting. BY-LAWS *i. At the first session of each annual meeting of the Association there shall be appointed by the President a committee on resolutions ; and at the third session of such meeting there shall be appointed a committee on nominations, consisting of one member from each state and territory represented, the same to be appointed by the President on the nomination of a majority of the active members from such state or territory present at the meeting called for the purpose of making such nomination ; provided, however, that such appointment shall be made by the President without such nomination, when the active members in attendance from any state or territory shall fail to make a nomination. The meetings of active members to nominate members of the nominating committee shall be held at 5 : 30 p.m. on the first day of the annual meeting of the Association, at such place as shall be announced in the general program. 2. The President and Secretary shall certify to the Board of Trustees all bills approved by the Board of Directors. 3. Each paying member of the Association shall be entitled to a copy of its Pro- ceedings. 4. No paper, lecture, or address shall be read before the Association or any of its departments in the absence of its author, nor shall any such paper, lecture, or address be published in the volume of Proceedings, without the consent of the Association, upon approval of the Executive Committee. 5. It shall be the duty of the President, Secretary, and Treasurer of the Association to appoint annually some competent person to examine the securities of the Permanent Fund held by the Board of Trustees, and his certificate, showing the condition of the said fund, shall be attached to the report of the Board of Trustees. ACT OF INCORPORATION At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association, held at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., July 14, 1885, the following resolution was passed : Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to secure articles of incorporation for the National Educational Association, under United States or state laws, as speedily as may be. ♦As amended at the meeting of active members held July 9 (see minutes in the Journal of Proceed' ings, p. 23 J. ACT OF INCORPORATION N. A. Calkins, of New York; Thomas W. Bicknell, of Massachusetts; and Eli T. Tappan, of Ohio, were appointed such committee. Under the authority of the resolution quoted above, and with the approval of the committee, and by competent legal advice, the chairman obtained a CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION We, the undersigned, Norman A. Calkins, John Eaton, and Zalmon Richards, citi- zens of the United States, and two of them citizens of the District of Columbia, do hereby associate ourselves together, pursuant to the provisions of the Act of General Incorpora- tion, Class Third, of the Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, under the name of the " National Educational Association," for the full period of twenty years, the purpose and objects of which are to elevate the character and advance the interests of the profes- sion of teaching and to promote the cause of popular education in the United States. .... To secure the full benefit of said act we do here execute this our certificate of incorporation as said act provides. In witness whereof, we severally set our hands and seals this 24th day of February, 1886, at Washington, D. C. Norman A. Calkins, [l. s.] John Eaton. [l. s.] Zalmon Richards [l. s.] Duly acknowledged before Michael P. Callan, Notary Public in and for the District of Columbia, and recorded in Liber Nj. 4, Acts of Incorporation for the District of Columbia. CALENDAR OF MEETINGS NATIONAL TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION 1857.— PHILADELPHIA, PA. (Organized.) James L. Enos, Chairman. W, E. Sheldon, Secretary. 1858.-CINCINNATI, O. Z. Richards, President. J. W. BuLKLEY, Secretary. A. J. RiCKOFF, Treasurer. 1859.-WASHINGTON, D. C. A. J. RiCKOFF, President. J. W. BuLKLEY, Secretary. C. S. Pennell, Treasurer. 1860.-BUFFALO, N. Y. J. W. BuLKLEY, President. Z. Richards, Secretary. O. C. Wight, Treasurer. 1861, 1862. — No session. 1863.— CHICAGO, ILL. John D. Philbrick, President. James Cruikshank, Secretary. O. C. Wight, Treasurer. 1864.— OGDENSBURG, N. Y. W. H. Wells, President. David N. Camp, Secretary. Z. Richards, Treasurer. 1865.— HARRISBURG, PA. S. S. Greene, President. W. E. Sheldon. Secretary. Z. Richards, Treasurer. t866.— INDIANAPOLIS, IND. J. P. Wickersham, President. S. H, White, Secretary. S. P. Bates, Treasurer. 1867. — No session. 1868.— NASHVILLE, TENN. J. M, Gregory, President. L. Van Bokkelen, Secretary. James Cruikshank, Treasurer, 1869.— TRENTON, N. J. L. Van Bokkelen, President. W. E. Crosby, Secretary. A. L. Barber, Treasurer. 1870.— CLEVELAND, O, Daniel B. Hagar, President. A. P. Marble, Secretary. W. E. Crosby, Treasurer. NAME CHANGED TO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1871.— ST. LOUIS, MO. J. L. Pickard, President. W. E. Crosby, Secretary, John Hancock, Treasurer. 1872.— BOSTON, MASS. E. E. White, President. S. H. White, Secretary. John Hancock, Treasurer. 1873.— ELMIRA, N. Y. B. G. Northrop, President. S. H. White, Secretary. John Hancock, Treasurer. 1874.— DETROIT, MICH. S. H. White, President. A. P, Marble, Secretary. John Hancock, Treasurer. 1875 —MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. W. T. Harris, President. M. R, Abbott, Secretary. A. P. Marble, Treasurer. 1876.— BALTIMORE, MD. W. F. Phelps, President. W. D. Henkle, Secretary. A. P. Marble, Treasurer. 1877.— LOUISVILLE, KY. M. a. Newell, President. W. D. Henkle, Secretary. J. Ormond Wilson, Treasurer. 1878. — No session. 1879.— PHILADELPHIA, PA. John Hancock, President. W. D. Henkle, Secretary. J. Okmond Wilson, Treasurer. 1880.— CHAUTAUQUA, N. Y. J. Ormond Wilson, President. W. D. Henkle, Secretary. » . E. T. Tappan, Treasurer. CALENDAR OF MEETINGS 1881.-ATLANTA, GA. James H. Smart, President. W. D. Henkle, Secretary. E. T. Tappan, Treasurer. 1882.-SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. G. J. Orr, President. W. E. Sheldon, Secretary. H. S. Takbell, Treasurer. 1883.-SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. E. T. Tappan, President. W. E. Sheldon, Secretary. N. A. Calkins, Treasurer. 1884.— MADISON, WIS. Thomas W. Bicknell, President. H. S. Tarbell, Secretary. N. A. Calkins, Treasurer. 1885.— SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. F. Louis Soldan, President. W. E. Sheldon, Secretary. N. A. Calkins, Treasurer. 1886.— TOPEKA, KAN. N. A. Calkins, President, W. E. Sheldon, Secretary. E. C. Hewett, Treasurer. 1887— CHICAGO, ILL. W. E. Sheldon, President. J. H. Can FIELD, Secretary. E. C. Hewett, Treasurer. 1888.— SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. Aaron Gove, President. J. H. Canfield, Secretary. E. C. Hewett, Treasurer. i88g.— NASHVILLE, TENN. Albert P. Marble, President. J. H. Canfield, Secretary. E. C. Hewett, Treasurer. 1890.-ST. PAUL, MINN. J. H. Canfield, President. W. R. Garrett, Secretary. E. C. Hewett, Treasurer. 1891.— TORONTO, ONT. W. R. Garrett, President. E. H. Cook, Secretary. J. M. Greenwood, Treasurer. 1892.— SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. E. H. Cook, President. R. W. Stevenson, Secretary. J. M. Greenwood, Treasurer. 1893.— CHICAGO, ILL. (International Congress of Education.) Albert G. Lane, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. J. M. Greenwood, Treasurer. 1894.— ASBURY PARK, N. J. Albert G. Lane, President. Irwin Shepard, SecretaYy. J. M. Greenwood, Treasurer. 1895.— DENVER, COLO. Nicholas Murray Butler, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. I. C. McNeill, Treasurer. 1896.— BUFFALO, N. Y. Newton C. Dougherty, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. I. C. McNeill, Treasurer. 1897.— MILWAUKEE, WIS. Charles R. Skinner, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. I. C. McNeill, Treasurer. 1898.— WASHINGTON, D. C. . J. M. Greenwood, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. I. C, McNeill, Treasurer. 1899.— LOS ANGELES, CAL. E. Oram Lyte, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. I. C. McNeill, Treasurer. 1900.— CHARLESTON, S. C. Oscar T. Corson, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. Carroll G. Pearse, Treasurer. 1901.-DETROIT, MICH. James M. Green, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. L. C. Greenlee, Treasurer. 1902.— MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. William M. Beardshear, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. Charles H. Keyes, Treasurer. 1903. -BOSTON, MASS. Charles W. Eliot, President. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. W. M. Davidson, Treasurer. iNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION OFFICERS FOR 1902-1903 GENERAL ASSOCIATION ] CHARLFS W. ELIOT President Cambridge, Mass. iRWIN SHEPARD Secretary Winona, Minn. '\ W.M.DAVIDSON Treasurer Topeka, Kan. j VICE-PRESIDENTS \ *W. M. Beard'^hkar, Ames, la. Miss Marion Brown, New Orleans, La. \ Ok VI. IE T. IJKIGHT, Chicago, 111. James B. Pearcy, Anderson, Ind. \ Chari Es F. Reeves, I.atona, Wash. Mrs. Helen L. Grenfell, Denver, Colo. \ Jo<^eph Kenneiy, Grai d Forks, N. D. Henry R. Sanford, Penn Yan, N. Y. ] Chakles F. Thwing, Cleveland. O, J. H. Francis, Los Angeles. Cal. i W. N. Sheats, Tal.ahassee, Fla. Wallace G. Nye, Minneapolis, Minn. BOARD OF TRUSTEES 1 {^e.& Art. I Vy sec. q, of the constitution.') Albert G. Lane. Chairman Chicago 111 Term expires July, 1903 , , Newtom C. Douche kty Peoria, 111 Term expires July, 1904 • | F. Louis Soldan St. Louis, Mo Term expires July, 1905 4 Nicholas Murray Butler New York, N. Y Term expires July, 1906 ; Charles W. Eliot Cambridge, Mass Ex officio \ \ EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE \ (See A rt. /F, sees. 2 and 11, of the constitution.") j Charles W. Eliot President Cambridge, Mass. Orville T. Bkight First Vice-President Chicago, 111. ^ W.M.Davidson Treasurer Topeka, Kan. : Albert G. Lane Chairman of Board of Trustees .. Chicago. III. \ W.T.Harris Member by election Washington, D. C. Irwin Shepard Secretary Winona, Minn. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Directors ex officio (See .<4r/. IV, sec. 2, of the constitution.) Charles W. Eliot, Cambridge, Miss. W. M. Davidson. Topeka. Kan. Orville T. Bright, Chicago, 111. Albert G. Lane, Chicago, 111. Irwin Shepard, Winona, Mmn. Life Directors (See Art. IV, sec. 2, of the constitution.) *Bear shear. W. M.. Ames, la. Corson, Oscar T.. Columbus, O. Bicknell, 1 HoMAs W., Provitlence, R. I. Dougherty, Newton C, Peoria. 111. KoAKD OF Education, Naslwi le, Tcnn. Garrett, W. R., Nashville, Tenn. P.rTLKR Nicholas Murray, New York, N. Y. Govr, Aaron, Denver, Colo. Canhei.d, J \mes H., New York, N. Y. Graham, H. A,, Mt. Ple.i>;ant, Mich.. Cook, E. II., Boulder, Colo. Green, J. M., Irenton, N. J. * Deceased. v DIRECTORS Life H'VCQCXOV^ — continued Greenwood, J, M., Kansas City, Mo. Pickard, Josiah L., Brunswick, Me. Harris, W. T., Washington, D. C. Pike, Joshua, Jerseyville, 111. Hunt, Mrs. Mary H., l>oston, Mass. Skinner, Charles R., Albany, N. Y. Jewett, a. v., Abilene, Kan. Soldan, F. Louis, St. Louis, Mo. Lane, Albert G., Chicago, 111. Stratton, C. C, University Park, Ore. Lyte, Eliphalet Oram, Mil ersville, Pa. Taylor, A. R., Decatur, 111. Marble, Albert P., New York. N. Y. Teachers' Institute, Philadelphia, Pa. Marshall, T. Marcellus, Glenville, W. Va. White, Charles G., Lake Linden, Mich. Parker, Charles I , South Chicago, 111. * White, E. E., Columbus. O. Phelps, W. F., Duluth, Minn. Wilson, J. Ormond, Washington, D. C. Directors by Election North Atlantic Division Maine John S. Locke Saco New Hampshire Henry C. Morrison Portsmouth Vermont Walter E. Ranger Monipelier Massachusetts Geokge H. Martin Lynn Rhode Island Walter Ballou Jacobs Providence Connecticut Charles H, Keyes Hartford New York Augustus S. Downing New York New Jersey H. Brewster Willis New Brunswick Pennsylvania J. W. Lansinger Millersville South Atlantic Division Delaware G eorge W. Twitmyer Wilmington Maryland M. Bates Stephens.... Baltimore District of Columbia Alexander T. Siuakt Washington Virginia H. B. Frissell Hampton West Virginia Miss Lucy Robinson Wheeling North Carolina G. H. Crowell High Point South Carolina J, J. McM\han Columbia Florida W. N. Sheats Tallahassee South Central Division Kentucky S. L. Frogge Frankfort Tennessee J. L. WivIGHt Nashville Georgia W. F. Slaton Atlanta Alabama J. W. Abercrombie Montgomery Mississippi E. E. Bass Greenville Louisiana Warren Easton New Orleans Texas Alexander Hogg Fort Worth Oklahoma David R. Boyd Norman Arkansas George B. Cook Hot Springs Indian Territory John D. Benedict Muskogee North Central Division Ohio .-. J. K. Baxter Mt. Vernon Indiana T. A. Mott Richmond Illinois Miss Catharine Goggin Chicago Michigan D. W. Springer Ann Arbor Wisconsin L. D. Harvey Madison Iowa A. V. Storm Cherokee Minnesota Charles M. Jordan Minneapolis M issouri W. T. Carrington Jefferson City North Dakota W. E. Hoover Park River South Dakota CM. YouNG Vermilion Nebraska Edwin J. Bodwell Omaha Ka.isas J. W. Spindler Winficld Western Division Montana J. M. Lewis Helena Wyoming Miss I stelle Reel Washington, D. C. Colorado H. S. Philips Denver * Deceased. lo NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Directors by "Ei&oMion.— continued New Mexico Edgar L. Hewett Las Vegas Arizona F. Yale Adams Tucson Utah W, J. Kerr Logan Nevada J. E. Stubbs Reno Idaho Walter R. Sideks Pocatello Washington F. B. Cooper Seattle Oregon E. D. Ressler Monmouth California James A. Foshay Los Angeles DEPARTMENT OFFICERS National Council WILLIAM R.HARPER President Chicago, III. W. H. BARTHOLOMEW Vice-President Louisville, Ky. J. F. MILLSPAUGH Secretary Winona, Minn. JOSEPH SWAIN Executive Committee Swarthmore, Pa. RICHARD G. BOONE Executive Committee Cincinnati, O. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER .... Executive Committee New York, N. Y. Kindergarten Mrs. PAULINE AGASSIZ SHA^V. . . . President Boston, Mass. Miss STELLA L. WOOD Vice-President Minneapolis Minn. Miss CLARA WHEELER Secretary Grand Rapids, Mich. . Elementary Miss M. ADELAIDE HOLTON President Minneapolis, Minn. . FREDERICK TREUDLEY Vice-President Athens. O. Miss ADDA P. WERTZ Secretary Carbondale, 111. Secondary CHARLES F.WHEELOCK President Albany, N. Y. REUBEN POSC H ALLECK Vice-President Louisville, Ky. WILBUR F. GORDY Secretary Hartford, Conn. Higher BENJAMIN IDE WHEELER President Berkeley, Cal. WILLIAM H. SMILEY Vice-President Denver, Colo. JOHN H. MacCRACKEN Secretary. Fulton, Mo. Normal LIVINGSTON C. LORD President Charleston, 111. ALBERT SALISBURY Vice-President Whitewater, Wis. EDGAR L. HEWETT Secretary Las Vegas, N. M. Superintendence CHARLES M. JORDAN President Minneapolis, Minn. CLARENCE F. CARROLI First Vice-President Worcester, Mass. WARREN EASTON Second Vice. President New Orleans, La. J. N. WILKINSON Secretary Emporia, Kan. Manual CHARLES F.WARNER President Springfield, Mass. J. E. PAINTER , Vice-President Minneapolis, Minn CHARLES L. KIRSCHNER Secretary New Haven, Conn. Art Miss CLARA A. WILSON President Davenport, la. Miss CHARLOTTE W. STODDARD Vice-President Rochester, N. Y. WILLIAM H. VOGEL Secretary Cincinnati, O. DEPAR TMEN T OFFICERS 1 1 Music STERRIE A. WEAVER President ; .-. Westfield, Mass. W. A. WETZELL Vice-President Salt Lake City, Utah Miss HELEN W. TRASK Secretary Minneapolis, Minn. Business J. H. FRANCIS President Los Angelas, Cal. TEMPLETON P. TWIGGS Vice-President Detroit, Mich. C. E. STEVENS Secretary Cleveland, O. Child Study G. W. A. LUCKEY President Lincoln, Neb. STUART H. ROWE Vice-President New Haven, Conn. Miss SUSAN F.CHASE Secretary Buffalo, N. Y. Physical Training W. O. KROHN President Chicago, 111. Baroness ROSE POSSE First Vice-President Boston, Mass. Miss MABEL L. PRAY Second Vice-President Toledo, O. Miss ALTA WIGGINS Secretary Buffalo, N. Y. Science C. W. HALL President Minneapolis, Minn. WILBUR A. FISKE Vice-President Richmond, Ind. FRANK M. GILLEY Secretary Chelsea, Mass. School Administration HARLAN P.FRENCH President Albany, N. Y. J. F. FORCE Vice-President Minneapolis, Minn. ISRAEL H. PERES Chairman Executive Committee Memphis, Tenn. WILLIAM GEORGE BRUCE Secretary Milwaukee, Wis. Library JAMES H. CANFIELD President New York, N. Y. REUBEN POST HALLECK Vice-President Louisville, Ky. Miss MARY EILEEN AHERN Secretary Chicago, 111. Special Education EDWARD E. ALLEN President Overbrook, Pa. Miss MARY McCQWEN Vice-President Chicago, 111. Miss SARAH FULLER Secretary Boston, Mass. Indian Education H. B. PEAIRS President Lawrence, Kan. S. M. McCOWAN Vice-President Chilocco, Okla. Miss ESTELLE REEL Secretary Washington, D. C. NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION OFFICERS FOR 1903-1904 GENERAL ASSOCIATION JOHNW. COOK President ...'. De Kalb, 111. IRWIN SHEPARD Secretary Winona, Minn. McHENRY RHOADS Treasurer Owensboro, Ky. VICE-PRESIDENTS Charles W. Eliot, Cambridge, Mass. George M. Smith, Vermilion, S. D. Edwin A. Alderman. New Orleans, La. H. Brewster Willis, New Brunswick, N. J. J. W. Searson, Wahoo, Neb. James A. Foshay, Los Angeles, Cal. William L. Prather, Austin, Tex. Frank B. Dyer, Cincinnati, O. George B. Cook, Hot Springs, Ark. Dflos Fall, Albion. Mich. Henry R. Sanford, Penn Yan, N. Y. Miss Ellor E. Carlisle, Boston, Mass. BOARD OF TRUSTEES (See Art. IV, sec. 9, 0/ the constitution.) Albert G. Lane, Chairman Chicago, III Term expires July, 1907 Nicholas Murray Butler New York, N. Y.. Term expires July, 1906 F. Louis Soldan St. Louis, Mo Term expires July, 1905 Newton C. Dougherty Peoria, III Term expires July, 1904 John W.Cook De Kalb, 111 Ex officio EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (See^r/. IV, sees. 2 and 11, of the constitution.) JohnW.Cook President .... DeKalb,Ill. Charles W. Eliot First Vice-President Cambridge, Mass. McHenry Rhdads Treasurer Owensboro, Ky. Albert G. Lane C hairman of Board of Trustees Chicago, 111. W. T. Harris Member by election Washington, D. C. Irwin Shepard Secretary Winona, Minn. : BOARD OF DIRECTORS k Directors ex officio ] (See A rt. IV, sec. 2, of the constitution.') John W. Cook, De Kalb, 111. McHenry Rhoads, Owensboro, Ky. | Charles W. Eliot, Cambridge, Mass. Albekt G. Lane, Chicago, 111. | Irwin Shepard, Winona, Minn. Life Directors (See Art. IV, sec. 2, of the constitution.) BiCKNELL, Thomas W., Providence, R. I. Dougherty, Newton C, Peoria, 111. Board of Education, Na?.hville, Tenn. Eliot, Charles W., Cambridge, Mass. Butler, Nicholas Murray, New York, N. Y. Garrett, W. R., Nashville, Tenn. Canfield, James H., New York, N. Y. Gove, Aaron, Denver, Colo. Cook, E. H., Boulder, Colo. Graham H. A., Mt. Pleasant, Mich. Corson, Oscar T., Columbus, O. Green, J. M., Trenton, N. J. OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION 1 3 Life 'DirectOTS — continued Greenwood, J. M., Kansas City, Mo. Phelps, W. F., Duluth, Minn. Harris, W.T., Washington, D. C. , Pickard, Josiah L., Brunswick, Me. Hunt, Mrs. Mary H., Boston, Mass. Pike, Joshua, Jerseyville, III. Jewett, a. v., Abilene, Kan. Skinner, Charles R., Albany, N. Y. Lane, Albert G., Chicago, 111. Soldan, F. Louis, St. Louis. Mo. Lyte, EliphaletOram, Millersville, Pa. Stratton C. C, University Park, Ore. Marble, Albert P., New York, N. Y. Taylor, A. R., Decatur, 111. Marshall, T. Marcellus, Glenville, W. Va. Teachers' Institute, Philadelphia, Pa. Parker, Charles I., South Chicago, 111. White, Charles G., Lake Linden, Mich. Wilson, J. Ormond, Washington, D. C. Directors by Election North Atlantic Division Maine John S. Locke Saco New Hampshire Ch nning Folsom Dover Vermont Walter E. Ranger Montpelier Massachusetts Louis P. Nash Holyoke Rhode 1 sland Walter Ballou Jacobs Providence Connecticut Charles H. Keyes Hartford New York Augustus S. Downing New York New Jersey John Enright Freehold Pennsylvania John W. Lansinger Millersville South Atlantic Division Delaware George W, Twitmyer Wilmington Maryland M. Bates Stephens Baltimore District of Columbia Alexander T. Stuart Washington Virginia J. L. Jar man Farmville West Virginia Miss Lucy Robinson Wheeling North Carolina Miss Lydia A. Yates Wilmington South Carolina W. K. Tate Charleston Florida B.C. Graham Tampa South Central Division Kentucky S. L. Frogge Frankfort Tennessee D. J. Johns, Jr Nashville Georgia W. F. Slaton Atlanta Alabama John W. Abercrombie Montgomery Mississippi E. E, Bass Greenville Louisiana Warren Easton New Orleans Texas A. Caswell Ellis Austin Oklahoma Andrew R. Hickam Alva Arkansas J. H. Hinemon Little Rock North Central Division Ohio W. H. Kirk East Cleveland Indiana T. A. Mott Richmond Illinois Miss Catharine Goggc* Chicago Michigan D. W. Springer Ann Arbor Wisconsin L. D. Harvey Menomonie Iowa A. V. Storm Cherokee Minnesota W. F. Kunze Red Wing Missouri Ben Blewett SC Louis North Dakota W. E. Hoover Park River South Dakota CM. Young Vermilion Nebraska E. J. Bodwell Omaha Kansas J. W. Spindler Winfield * Western Division Montana Oscar J. Craig Missoula Wyoming Miss Estelle Reel Washington, D. C. Colorado Lewis C. Greenlee. . Denver New Mexico Hiram Hadley Las Cruces 14 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Directors by "^IqcXxotx — continued Arizona A. J. Matthews Tempe Utah W. J. Kerr Logan Nevada J. E. Stubbs. . . . ; Reno Idaho Miss May L. Scott Boise Washington Frank B, Cooper Seattle Oregon E. D. Ressler Monmouth California Thomas J. Kirk * Sacramento DEPARTMENT OFFICERS National Council FRANK A. FITZPATRICK President Boston, Mass. JOSEPH SWAIN Vice-President Swarthmore, Pa. JAMES H. VAN SICKLE Secretary Baltimore, Md. RICHARD G. BOONE Executive Cotnmittee Boston, Mass. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER Executive Committee New York, N. Y. Miss ANNA TOLMAN SMITH Executive Committee Washington, D. C. Kindergarten Miss JENNY B.MERRILL President New York, N. Y. Mrs. MARGARET J. STANNARD . . Vice-President Boston, Mass. Mrs. O. S.CHITTENDEN Secretary ' Omaha, Neb. Elementary Miss ADA VAN STONE HARRIS .. President Rochester, N. Y. CALVIN N. KENDALL Vice-President Indianapolis, Ind. Miss EMMA G. OLMSTEAD Secretary Scranton, Pa. Secondary REUBEN POST HALLECK President Louisville, Ky. WILBUR F. GORD Y First Vice-President Hartford, Conn. WILLIAM H. SMILEY Second Vice-President Denver, Colo. WILLIAM SCHUYLER Secretary St. Louis, Mo. Higher BENJAMIN IDE WHEELER.. President Berkeley, Cal. GEORGE HARRIS Vice-President Amherst, Mass. JOHN H. MacCRACKEN Secretary New York, N. Y. Normal LEWIS H. JONES President Ypsilanti GRANT KARR Vice-President Oswego, N. Y. Mrs. grace H. SPROULL Secretary Greeley, Colo. Superintendence HENRY P. EMERSON President Buffalo, N. Y. EDWIN B. COX First Vice-President Xenia, O. JOHN W. ABERCROMBIE Second Vice-President University, Ala. JOHN H. HINEMON * Secretary Little Rock, Ark. Manual ARTHUR H. CHAMBERLAIN President Pasadena, Cal. CHARLES L. KIRSCHNER Vice-President New Haven, Conn. FRANK M. LEAVITT Secretary Boston, Mass. Art JAMES FREDERICK HOPKINS .... President Boston, Mass. CHARLES M. CARTER Vice-President Denver, Colo. Miss LILLIAN S. CUSHMAN Secretary Chicago, 111. Music STERRIE A. WEAVER President Westfield, Mass. W. A. WETZELL Vice-President Salt Lake City, Utah P. C. HAYDEN Secretary Keokuk, la. DEPARTMENT OFFICERS i 5 Business CHEESMAN A. HERRICK President Philadelphia, Pa. H. B. BROWN Vice-President Valparaiso, Ind. THOS. H. H. KNIGHT... Secretary Boston, Mass. Child Study E. A. KIRKPATRICK President Fitchburg, Mass. Miss JENNY B. MERRILL Vice-President New York, N. Y. A. H. YODER Secretary Seattle, Wash. Physical Training W. O. KROHN President Chicago, 111. THOMAS D.WOOD First Vice-President New York, N. Y. Miss REBECCA STONEROA I) Second Vice-President Washington, D. C. Baroness ROSE POSSE Secretary Boston, Mass. Science WILBUR A, FISKE President Richmond, Ind. FRANK M. GILLEY Vice-President Chelsea, Mass.' A. S. PEARSE Secretary Omaha, Neb. School Administration B. F. HUNSICKER President Reading, Pa. GRAFTON D. GUSHING Vice-President Boston, Mass. HARLAN P. FRENCH Chairman of Executive Committee .... Albany, N. Y. WILLIAM GEORGE BRUCE Secretary Milwaukee, Wis. Library NATHAN C. SCHAEFFER President Harrisburg, Pa. REUBEN POST HALLECK Vice-President Lousville, Ky. Miss MARY EILEEN AHERN Secretary Chicago, 111. Special Education J, W. JONES President Columbus, O. F. W. BOOTH Vice-President Philadelphia, Pa. Miss ELIZABETH VAN ADESTINE Secretary Detroit, Mich. Indian Education Vacant (no election) President H. B. PEAIRS Vice-President Lawrence, Kan. MISS ESTELLE REEL Secretary Washington, D. C. TREASURER'S REPORT TO THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION July i, 1902, to June 30, 1903 FOR MEETING AT MINNEAPOLIS, MINN., AND ENSUING YEAR "W. M. Davidson, Treasurer, in Acct. with the National Hducational Association BALANCE ON HAND JULY i, 1902 Cash received from Treasurer Keyes, as per last annual report $2,287.14 RECEIPTS From transportation lines : Account of Detroit meeting : Big Four (C, C, C. & St. L. Ry.) $ 118.00 Wabash Railroad 284.00 Northern Steannship Co 2.00 Detroit & Cleveland Navigation Co 68.00 ' Grand Trjink Railway 23.00 Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad 18.00 $ 513-00 Account of Minneapolis meeting: Northern Pacific Railway $1,670.00 Chicago Great Western Railway 716.00 Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway 522.00 Seaboard Air Line Railway 8 . 00 Wisconsin C'^ntral Railway 356.00 Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway 2.717.00 Great Northern Railway 1,258.00 Minneapolis & St. Louis Railway 604.00 Georgia Railroad 2.00 Burlington Route 618.00 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway 4,136.00 Detroit & Cleveland Navigation Co 2q . 00 12.636.00 Total from transportation lines 13,149.00 From Board of Trustees : Interest on permanent fund 4,715.10 From Department of Superintendence 584.00 From annual meeting (Minneapolis) : Advance memberships (Minneapolis teachers) $ 2,252.00 From Registration Bureau (Minneapolis) : Dues of former active members $ 376.00 New active memberships (enrollment and dues) 677 . 00 Associate memberships 1,216.00 2.269.00 Total from annual Ineeting 4,521.00 From royalties on reports of Committees of Ten and Fifteen 68.30 Surplus from appropriation for purchase of Washington volume 17.00 From Secretary's office during the year: Memberships, enrollments, etc $4,452.24 Sale of back volumes 830.25 Sale of committee reports, etc 122.47 5.404.96 Total receipts for the year $30 746 . 50 16 =5= TREASURER'S REPORT DISBURSEMENTS Board of Triisttes: For permanent investment $10,000.00 For miscellaneous expenses 14.23 $10,014.23 Executive Committee expenses: For President $ 175.63 For Vice-President 70.80 For Treasurer 317.20 For Chairman of Trustees 54-91 For member by election 65-95 General Secretary's office : Salary of Secretary $ 4,000.00 Postage 784 • 38 Telegrams 69.73 Freight and express ao.08 Clerical services 792.15 Exclian^e 32.45 Stationery and office supplies 99-73 Traveling 298.30 Office rent (heat ng. lighting, and care included) 550.00 Miscellaneous (refunds, etc.) 13-25 Printing: Volume of Proceedings (6,500 copies) $ 5,197. 94 Reprints from volume 335-83 Executive Committee bulletins 865.05 Miscellaneous (letter heads, blanks, folders, envelopes, etc.) 510.02 Express and freight : Distribution of volumes $ 1,809.52 Miscellaneous 175-54 Expenses of depository : Rent, Washington, D. C $ 8 . 33 Salary of custodian. Washington, D. C 72.92 Miscellaneous (removal of volumes from Washington to Winona, etc.) 388.42 Unclassified disbursements : Refunds on memberships $ 160.00 Miscellaneous (expenses President Beardshear, bonds^)f Treasurer and Secre- tary, etc.) 299.65 684.49 6,660.07 6,908.84 ,985-06 Special appropriations : Department of Superintendence 418.30 Annual Convention : Department expenses $ 270.31 State directors and managers 540. 19 Clerical services : Registration 499 . 80 Stenographers 166.98 Printing: Programs * 199.05 Miscellaneous ^ 77.00 Express and freight 2.95 Stationery 12.86 Telegrams 14.73 Conference meeting of department presidents, Boston 621 .81 Expenses speakers, Minneapolis 346.50 Miscellaneous 47-65 2,799-83 469.67 459-65 Total disbursements, for the year $30,400. 14 1 8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SUMMARY OF DISBURSEMENTS Total amount transferred for investment (as per vouchers Nos. 59 and 138) $10,000.00 Total expenses as per vouchers Nos. i to 143 inclusive (except Nos. 59 and 138) 20,400. 14 Total amount paid out $30,400. 14 Net receipts for the year $28,459.36 Total current expenses _ 20,400 . 14 Net balance for the year $ 8,059.22 GENERAL SUMMARY Total receipts $30,746.50 Total disbursements 30,400. 14 Balance in treasury June 30, iQOg $ 346. 36 TOPEKA, Kan., June 30, 1903. ^^'^°^^^ William M. Davidson, Treasurer. Boston, Mass., July 6, 1903. The undersigned, Trustees of the National Educational Association, have this day examined and approved the foregoing accounts of William M. Davidson, Treasurer, with all statements of receipts and vouchers for disbursements. (Signed) A. G. Lane, Chairman. Charles W. Eliot. Nicholas Murray Butler. Newton C. Dougherty. F. Louis Soldan. Executive Committee, National Educational Association of the United States: Gentlemen: In accordance with instructions received from Mr. A. G. Lane, chairman of the Board of Trustees, we have examined in detail the books and accounts of the National Educational Association of the United States, as kept by the Secretary, Irwin Shepard, and the Treasurer, William M. Davidson, for the year ending June 30, 1903. We have verified the Treasurer's report, submitted by Mr. Davidson at the meet- ing of the Association at Boston, Mass., which we certify to be in accordance with the books. We are pleased to be able to report that the books are correctly and carefully kept, and to state that in our opinion the system of bookkeeping and the check both on receipts and expenditure are very suitable to the needs of the Association. Yours respectfully, The International Audit Company. By Robert Nelson, C. A., Vice-President. SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 71? the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association: The Board of Trustees presents the following report of the Permanent Fund of the National Educational Association, and its income, for the year ending June 30, 1903 : Permanent Fund, July i, 1902 ; Mortgages on real estate $44,600.00 Kansas school and municipal bonds 12,200.00 Illinois and Indiana school bonds 28,000.00 Cash on hand for investment 13,200.00 Total $98,000.00 Received from William M, Davidson, Treasurer, from proceeds of Minneapolis meeting, and income from Permanent Fund 10,000.00 Total $108,000.00 Permanent Fund, July I, 1903: Mortgages on real estate $78,000,00 Kansas school and municipal bonds 11,200.00 Illinois bonds 18,000.00 Total investments $107,200.00 Cash on hand for investment 800.00 Total permanent fund 108,000.00 REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES INVESTMENTS Investments, July i, iqo2 Paid during the year : First mortgage, Providence, R. I $ 3,000.00 First mortgage, 4802 Lake avenue, Chicago 3,100.00 Ness county, Kan., S. D. 41 200.00 Norton county, Kan., S. D. 95 200.00 Eudora City, Kan. , Bond No. 11 . . . 100.00 Reno county, Kan., S. D. 51 500,00 Noblesville, Ind 5,000.00 Chicago improvement bonds 5,000.00 First Universalist Church, Englewood, Chicago 1,000.00 Balance of Investments Investments during the year : 418-20 W. Adams street, Chicago, first mortgage $ 10,000.00 5526-28 Jefferson avenue, Chicago, first mortgage 11,000.00 2268 Kenmore avenue, Chicago, first mortgage 2,500.00 226 Central avenue, Chicago, first mortgage 3,000.00 230 Centra] avenue, Chicago, first mortgage 4,000.00 Wadhams' estate 10,000.00 Total investments, July i, 1903 84,800,00 18,100.00 $66,700.00 40,500.00 $107,200.00 INCOME STATEMENT Receipts from interest : Ness county, Kan., S. D. 41 Ness county, Kan., S. I). 70 , Norton county, Kan., S. D. 95 Reno county, Kan., S. D. 51 , City of Eudora, Kan , Hodgeman county, Kan McPherson county, Kan., Sharp's Creek township , Noblesville, Ind Morgan Park, 111., , Lemont, 111 First mortgage, 1919 Wabash avenue, Chicago First mortgage, 5136 Hibbard avenue, Chicago First mortgage, 5603 Madison avenue, Chicago First mortgage. First Universalist Church, Englewood . First mortgage, 4762 Lake avenue, Chicago First mortgage, 4802 Lake avenue, Chicago Chicago improvement bonds First mortgage, 312 N. LaSalle street, Chicago First mortgage, 1201 Irving Park boulevard, Chicago 418-20 W. Adams street, Chicago 5526-28 Jefferson avenue, Chicago 2268 Kenmore avenue, Chicago Interest on bank deposits Total interest transferred to William M. Davidson, Treasurer. 6.00 30.00 6.00 15.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 163.19 162.50 337-50 306.48 250.00 250.00 500.00 256.12 134.80 814.70 250.00 262.50 293.7s 275.00 62.50 159.06 $ 4.715.10 EXPENSE ACCOUNT Exchange for coupon collections Accrued interest on loan ' Rent of box in National Safe Deposit Co. Expense examining loans Total $ .75 1.58 10.00 1.90 $ 14.23 20 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION STATEMENT OF SECURITIES BELONGING TO THE PERMANENT FUND OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATIOX, JUNE 30, 1903 KANSAS COrNTV, MUNICIPAL, AND SCHOOL BONDS County Kind of Bond Amount Rate of Interest per Cent Interest Payable Bond Due Eudora City $ 900 800 2.000 1,000 3.000 1,000 500 1,000 1,000 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 March Jan. and July- Jan, and July Jan. and July Jan. and July Jan. and July Jan. and July Feb. and Aug. Judgment obtained One due each year Garfield* School District 24 County March 1 Jan., igio Grant* Feb., 1920 Lane* County July I, 1918 McPherson Sharp's Creek Township School District 70 City South Hutchinson . . With Bentley & Hatfield, Wichita, Kan. Sept. I, 1916 Ness July, 1903 Reno* April, 1908 Seward* Total $11,200 ILLINOIS BONDS AND MORTGAGES Bonds Village of Morgan Park, 111 Village ot Morgan Park, 111 Lemont, 111,, School Nos. 12, 14, 16 24. 30, 32 Chicago improvement bonds Total $ 2 500 1,000 4.500 I (^000 $18,000 Rate of Interest per Cent 4^ 5 5 6 Interest Payable May and Nov. Mar. and Sept. June and Dec. December Bond Due Nov. I, 1911 Sept., 15, 1904 $T,ooo yearly Dec. i Dec, 1903 and 1904 REAL ESTATE First Mortgages Amount R.ite of Interest per Cent Interest Payable Bond Due 1919 Wabash avenue, Chicago $5,000 5,000 5.000 9.000 S,OQG 5.000 3.500 10,000 10,000 1,000 2.500 10.000 3,000 4,000 $78,000 May and Nov, i May and Nov, i July and Jan. Oct. and April Mar and Sept, April and Oct. an, and July Jan. and July April and Oct. April and Oct, May and Nov. Jan, and July _ an. and July Jan. and July May I, 1908 ^ov, I, 1903 July I, 1904 Oct., 1904 Mar,, 1905 Oct., 1906 July, 1906 July I, 1907 Oct. I, 1907 Oct, I, 1904 Nov, 15, 1907 On demand 5136 Hibbard avenue, Chicago 5603 Madison avenue, Chicago First Universalist Church, Englewood, 111 4762 Lake avenue, Chicago ^€2 La Salle street. Chicago 418 and 420 VV. Adams street, Chicaga 5526 and 5S28 Jeffer^^on avenue, Chicago 5526 and 5528 Jefferson avenire, Chicago 2268 Kenmore avenue ... Wadhams' K.state 226 ('entral avenue, Chicago • July, no8 July, 1908 230 Central avenue, Chicago Total Approved by the Board of Trustees and ordered transmitted to the Board of Directors, Albert G. Lane, Chairmnn, Charles W. Eliot, Nicholas Murray Butler, Newton C. Dougherty, F. Louis Soldan, Board of Trustees. The foregoing securities (except those noted in my detailed report as being in process of collection thru the First National Bank of Chicago, 111., and the Seward county, Kan,, $1,000 bond in judgment) were examined at the National Safe D.-posit Co. vaults, in the First National Bank building, in said Chicago, on Saturday, June 27, 1903, and I certify that the above is a correct statement of the invest- ments belonging to the Permanent Fund of the National Educational Association in the custody of Albert G. Lane, chairman of the Board of Trustees. A detailed report on all the securities held was made by me to the Board of Trustees, (Signed) George E, Adams, Ejcamtuer. ♦Interest or principal in default. JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION BOSTON, MASS., July 6-io, 1903 _ FIRST DAY'S PROCEEDINGS OPENING SESSION.— Monday, July 6, 8 p.m. The forty-second annual session was opened in the auditorium of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Association at 8 P. M. by President Charles W. Eliot. A choral, from Bach, was sung by the St. Cecilia Society — B. J. Lang, leader. Rev. Edward Everett Hale, B.D., asked a blessing and led the great audience in the Lord's Prayer. Brief addresses of welcome were delivered by Hon. John L. Bates, governor of the commonwealth of Massachusetts ; Hon. Patrick A. Collins, mayor of the city of Boston ; and Henry S. Pritchett, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Responses were made by Albert G. Lane, chairman of the Board of Trustees of the National Educational Association, Chicago, 111.; and by Hon. W. T. Harris, United States Commissioner of Education, Washington, D. C. A "Jubilee Overture," Weber ^ was rendered by the orchestra under the leadership of Mr. B. J. Lang. The President's address, "The New Definition of the Cultivated Man," was delivered by the President of the Association, Charles VV. Eliot, president of Harvard University. Andrew F. West, dean of the Graduate School, Princeton University, addressed the convention on " The Present Peril to Liberal Education." The following Committee on Resolutions was appointed by the President: COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS Nicholas Murray Butler, of New York city, Chairman Andrew S. Draper, of Illinois Frank B. Cooper, of Washington James M. Green, of New Jersey H. B. Frissell, of Virginia E. C. Branson, of Georgia Miss Laura Fisher, of Massachusetts J. H. Van Sickle, of Maryland Mrs. Ella Flagg Young, of Illinois Miss Bettie A. Button, of Ohio Miss Clara A. Wilson, of Iowa William H. Smiley, of Colorado After announcements, the meeting adjourned. SECOND DAY'S PROCEEDINGS SECOND SESSION.— Tuesday, July 7, 8 p. m. The convention was called to order by PresTdent Eliot at 8 o'clock p. m. The topic for the evening was, " Manual, Trade, and Technical Education." Papers were read by Calvin M. Woodward, professor of mathematics and dean of 21 22 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION the School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo.; Thomas M. Balliet, superintendent of schools, Springfield, Mass.; and Henry S. Pritchett, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass. After announcements, adjournment was taken to 8 o'clock Wednesday evening. THIRD DAY'S PROCEEDINGS THIRD SESSION.— Wednesday, July 8, 8 p. m. The convention assembled at 8 o'clock, and was called to order by President Eliot. The Committee on Nominations was announced by President Eliot, as follows : COMMITTEE ON NOMINATIONS L. D. Harvey, of Wisconsin, Chairman John H. Phillips Alabama S. D. Largent Montana W. H. Kramer Arizona Carroll G. Pearse Nebraska George B. Cook , Arkansas Vacant Nevada Lyman Gregory California James E. Klock New Hampshire Aaron Gove Colorado James L. Hays New Jersey Nathan L. Bishop Connecticut Edgar L. Hewett New Mexico A. H. Berlin Delaware William H. Maxwell New York Miss Anna Tolman Smith District of Columbia Charles D. Mclver North Carolina JohnF. Forbes Florida W.L. Stockwell North Dakota W. F. Slaton Georgia John K. Baxter Ohio James A. MacLean Idaho Miss Elmira R. Greason Oklahoma Miss Kate Starr Kellogg ' Illinois E. D. Ressler Oregon H. B. Brown Indiana E. Oram Lyte Pennsylvania John D. Benedict Indian Territory David W. Hoyt Rhode Island F. T. Oldt Iowa D. B. Johnson South Carolina I. L. Ddyhoff Kansas W. P. Dunlevy South Dakota W. H. Bartholomew Kentucky Thos. J. Gaillord Tennessee N. L. A. Bauer Louisiana L. E. Wolfe Texas W.E.Russell Maine William J. Kerr Utah J. H. Van Sickle Maryland John L. Alger Vermont George H. Martin , Massachusetts H. B. Frissell Virginia W. H. Elson Michigan Charles S. Tilton Washington C. H. Cooper Minnesota Robert A. Armstrong West Virginia J. G. Deupree Mississippi L. D. Harvey Wisconsin J. A. Whiteford Missouri Miss Estelle Reel Wyoming The President explained that a contest had arisen over the selection of a member of the Committee on Nominations from the state of Florida, and as the action of neither of the contesting delegations appeared to conform to the by-law governing such selec- tion, he had, in accordance with his constitutional authority, appointed a member not belonging to either delegation. The general topic of the session, " School Gardens, City School Yards, and the Surroundings of Rural Schools," was discussed in papers presented by Orville T. Bright, principal of the James R. Doolittle School, Chicago, 111.; Henry L. Clapp, principal of the George Putnam School, Boston, Mass.; Charles R. Skinner, state superintendent of public instruction, Albany, N. Y.; and W. W. Stetson, state superintendent of public education, Augusta, Me. At the close of the meeting W. N. Sheats, of Florida, presented a protest against the action of the President in the appointment of a member of the Committee on Nominations from that state. He was answered by Miss Clem Hampton, who represented the other of the two contesting delegations. The incident was closed by the remark of the President that the protest and the answer to it illustrated both the occasion and the expediency of appointing a third party. JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS 23 MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING OF ACTIVE MEMBERS * OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION HELD IN HUfJTINGTON HALL, JULY 9, 1903 The meeting was called to order by President Charles W. Eliot at 12:30 P. m. About two hundred members were present. The reading of the minutes of the last meeting at Minneapolis, July 8, 1902, was, on motion, omitted, and they were approved as printed in the volume of Proceedings of the Minneapolis convention. The Treasurer, W. M. Davidson, of Topeka, Kan., presented his annual report, printed copies of which, bearing the certificate of approval of the Board of Trustees, were distributed to the members. On motion of Charles H. Keyes, of Connecticut, the reading of the report in detail was dispensed with, and the report was approved and ordered printed in the annual volume. The chairman of the Board of Trustees, A. G. Lane, of Chicago, 111., presented the seventeenth annual report of that body and distributed printed copies of the same. A brief explanation was made by Chairman Lane regarding the Kansas bonds which were purchased about fifteen years ago. A large proportion of them were reported as paid, and confidence was expressed that most, if not all, of the others will be paid. Attention was called to that part of the report showing that in certain cases payment of either principal or interest was in default. Chairman Lane also reported that the Board of Trustees had authorized him to take legal steps to collect the overdue amounts in all cases where it may be found possible to do so. On motion of J. M. Greenwood, of Missouri, the report was received and approved, and ordered printed in the annual volume of Proceedings. The report of the Committee on Nominations was presented by the chairman, L. D. Harvey, of Wisconsin, as follows : To the Active Members of the National Educational Association: Your Committee on Nominations met pursuant to call in the official announcement, and beg leave to submit the report of nominations of officers for the year 1903-4, as follows: For — President John W. Cook Illinois Treasurer McHenrv Rhoads Kentucky First Vice-President Charles W. Eliot Massachusetts Second Vice-President Edwin A. Alderman Louisiana Third Vice-President J. W. Searson Nebraska Fourth Vice-President William L. Prather. Texas Fifth Vice-President George B. Cook Arkansas Sixth Vice-President Henry R. Sanford New York Seventh Vice-President George, M. Smith South Dakota Eighth Vice-President H. Br ewster Willis New Jersey Ninth Vice-President James A. Foshav California Tenth Vice-President Frank B. Dyer Ohio Eleventh Vice-President Delos Fall Michigan Twelfth Vice-President Miss Ellor E. Carlisle Massachusetts FOR DIRECTORS Alabama J. W. Abercrombie Illinois Miss Catharine Goggin Arizona A. J. Matthews Indiana T. A. Mott Arkansas John H. Hinemon Indian Territory ; J. D. Benedict California Thomas J, Kirk Iowa A. V. Storm Colorado L. C. Greenlee Kansas J. W. Spindler Connecticut Charles H. Keyes Kentucky E. H. Mark Delaware No nomination Louisiana Warren Easton District of Columbia ; Alexander T. Stuart MaTiie J. S. Locke Florida No nomination Maryland M. Bates Stephens Georgia W. M. Slaton Massachusetts Louis P. Nash Idaho Miss May L. Scott Michigan D. W. Springer 24 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DIRECTORS — continued Minnesota W. F. Kunze Oregon E. D. Ressler Mississippi E. E. Lass Pennsylvania .n J. W. Lansinger Missouri Ben Blewett Rhode Island W. B. J acobs Montana Oscar J. Craig South Carolina No nomination Nebraska Edwin J. Bodwell South Dakota CM. Young Nevada No nomination Tennessee D. J . Johns, Jr. New Hampshire Channing Folsom Texas A. Caswell Ellis New Jersey ., John Enright Utah W. J. Kerr New Mexico No nomination Vermont Walter E. Ranger New York A. S. Downing Virginia J. L. Jarman North Carolina Lydia A. Yates Washington F. B. Cooper North Dakota W. E. Hoover West Virginia Miss Lucy Robinson Ohio ^V. H. Kirk Wisconsin L. D. Harvey Oklahoma Andrew R. Hickam Wyoming Miss Estelle Reel (Signed) Wm. H. Elson, Secretary. Respectfully submitted, (Signed) L. D. Harvey, Chairman. On motion of I. C. McNeill, of Wisconsin, the Secretary was instructed to cast the ballot of the Association for the nominees as reported. The ballot was cast as ordered, and the nominees were declared elected for the ensuing year. Nicholas Murray Butler, of New York, called attention to by-law No. 4, and moved the adoption of the following resolution : Resolved, That, subject to the approval of the Executive Committee, as provided by the existing by-law No. 4, the memorial address upon the late President William M. Beardshear, prepared for the meeting of the National Council of Education by President William F. King of Mount Vernon College, la , be incorporated in the published Proceedings, despite the fact that the paper itself was not read, President King having been detained by serious illness in his family. The motion was unanimously carried. Mr. Butler then asked permission to offer an amendment to by-law No. i, and explained the necessity for the proposed amendment as follows : The by law relating to the appointment of the nominating committee as it now stands is unworkable. [Reads the by-law.] It has been tried for six years. The records show that it has never been complied with, except possibly in one or two cases. The records of the meetings of active members held this year show that the merest handful attended the state meetings; in some cases fewer than 5 per cent, of those present here in Boston. That the by-law has broken down and is incapable of operation is, I think, the judgment of a large majority of the members of the Association from every state who have expressed an opinion upon this subject. The fact that the by-law is unworkable became apparent almost as soon as it was adopted. Ea.h year it has been urged that the time had come to change it, but each year any proposal for a change has been withheld in order to obtain a wider experience. I know that 1 am stating a fact when I say that at this great meet- ing only an insignificant mmority participated in any way in the action contemplated by the existmg by-law. The President of the Association has found that nearly if not quite every certificate sent to him bore upon its face evidences of irregularity. I propose, there- fore, that we meet the situation b}' striking oiit an impracticable and unworkable by-law, and go back to the condition of things which existed here in this Association for thirty- six years, by which the power to appoint this committee was placed in the hands of the President for the year. He can be held responsible for his action ; he is known to all of us ; and he is chosen because we know him and deem him worthy of the responsibility. This is the democratic and the effective method of procedure. I ask, therefore, that a two-thirds vote be given, as required by the constitution, for the fullwwing ainemlment to the by-laws, and I offer, Mr. President, a resolution to effect the amendiucnl, o.^ follows : Resolved, That the by-laws of the National Educational Association be amended as follows: Existing by-laws numbered 2, 3, 4, and 5 to be numbered 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. For existing by-law numbered i, the following by-laws numbered i and 2 to be substituted: JOURNAL OF PKOCKEDIXGS 25 1. At the first session of each annual meeting of the Association there shall be appointed by the Presi- dent a committee on resolutions. 2. Not later than the third session of each annual meeting of the Association there shall be appointed by the President a committee on nominations, consisting of one active member from each state and territory represented at the meeting. I move, sir, the adoption of this resolution, noting at the same time that it requires for its passage a two-thirds vote of those present and voting. Miss Marg.*ret a. Haley, of Illinois : Mr. President, 1 rise to speak against that resolution and the proposed amendment to the by-laws. I am opposed to the centralizing of power any more than we have already done in the National Educational Association. I believe the proposed amendment would be a backward movement. It is against democracy; it is centralization. It would take away from the active members in each state the small measure of power which they now have and place it in the hands of one who is selected entirely apart from the action or choice of the state members. I am opposed to the proposed amendment on general principles, and I am opposed to it for special reasons. Illinois had in active members present on Tuesday morning at 9 o'clock at the state headquarters at the meeting of active members, and there were some ten or twelve more who came in a few minutes too late to vote. I do not know whether it is because the women of Illinois have awakened to the situation and to their power as shown by the vote cast at that meeting, 74 to 37, that this attempt is made to shut us out, but it looks like it. If you men pass this amendment, you certamly leave yourselves open to that charge, whether right or wrohg. Under the present constitution and by-laws you have left an opening for the women. Why^io you want to close it? The women pay about nine-tenths of the money in this Association, and they make up a correspond- ing proportion of the attendance at the convention. If such an important matter as this was intended to be brought befoie this body, at least one year's notice should have been given. It certainly should not be passed today. It should be postponed for one year, and if next year we cannot secure enough activity on the part of the members to make the present by-law operative, then bring up this amendment. But for myself, I think it is wrong in principle. I believe the proper people to make the selection of members of the nominating committee are the people from each state. If there were only three present at any meeting, you have no right to take away the rights of those three members. Do you think the people would tolerate for a moment the proposal to take away 4;heir right to vote at the primary elections because 95 per cent, of the qualified voters stayed at home ? Not at all. You men would not do it. I move that the resolu- tion be deferred for one year. The President : " Miss Haley has made the motion that consideration of the reso- lutions presented by President Butler be postponed until next year. Carroll G. Pearse, of Nebraska : I regret to see any attempt made in this Asso- ciation to line up the men and the women on opposite sides of this question. I think this matter should be considered as one of principle, to be decided on its own merit, and not upon a division of the sexes. The by-law which it is now proposed to change was passed in response to what was regarded as essential in the conduct of the affairs of the Association. That by-law has in many instances been inoperative for lack of a quorum; still I believe that it is a useful rule. I should think it extremely unfortunate if this Association should take away from its members the right which they now enjoy of parti- cipating in this matter. I move, therefore, as an amendment to Dr. Butler's motion, that by-law No. i be so amended as to provide that a majority of the active members present at the meeting called for the purpose of selecting the member of the nominating committee, if more than three, shall have the right to select tlie member of the nominating committee. The President: Does President Butler accept the amendment? Mr. Butler : I should prefer the amendment to the existing by-law, but I should prefer my motion to either of them. 2 6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The President : Does that mean that President Butler declines to accept the amendment ? Mr. Butler : Yes. S. Y. GiLLAN, of Wisconsin : I rise to support Miss Haley's motion. I wish she had made the motion for indefinite postponement, instead of to postpone for one year. To me this seems to be a reappearance of the old spirit of centralization, which was scotched, but not killed, in 1897, when the meeting was held in Milwaukee. The President : It is entirely impossible to obtain evidence that the by-law has been conformed to during its existence; it was not conformed to in a single case in the meetings of this week for the election of members of the nominating committee. Mr. Gillan, of Wisconsin : Why do you give that interpretation ? May not that word "attendance" mean attendance at that particular meeting of the active members from that state ? It is entirely a matter of interpretation. The President : The reading of the by-law is this : " The same to be appointed by the President on the nomination of a majority of the active members in attendance from such state or territory," etc. It is perfectly clear that the by-law expects an action in nominatio» by the majority of the active members present at the Association meeting, and J found that the expectation had not been realized in a single case this year. Moreover, it is next to impossible, even in a small convention, and it was absolutely impossible in this Boston convention, to ascertain in season what number of active members was in attendance from any particular state or territory. The Secretary could not furnish that information. Thomas W. Bicknell, of Rhode Island : The principle of the present by-law is a correct one. Representatives of the various states should have the power to elect the officers called for by this by-law. Of that there can be no question. It seems to me we have reached the point in state and national life where that is recognized. It seems to me that this matter should go over for another year. It has now been brought to our notice. President Butler has very clearly set Eorth the condition of things, and I have no doubt that that condition will be removed, and, instead of three members being present, I believe the majority of active members from every state will be present hereafter, I hope, therefore, that the motion of Miss Haley will prevail, that action on this matter may be postponed, and that we may be allowed a year for the consideration of the question. James H. Canfield, of New York: I simply desire to say that what I have heard here today with regard to centralization and autocracy is just as absurd and as for- eign to the spirit of this Association as the talk of deciding this question by a division of the sexes. I very earnestly desire that this matter shall be considered on its merits," and that a motion made here to amend the by-laws shall not immediately bring up some- one who will speak about movements that have been "scotched, but not killed," and use language which certainly does not properly apply to the motives, the purpose, or the thought of any member of this Association as I have known it for over twenty years, Eugene Bouton, of Massachusetts : I move an amendment to the motion offered by Dr. Butler so that the by-law shall provide that any number in attendance at this meeting of active members shall constitute a quorum. Miss Haley : Mr. President, I wish to accept that amendment in place of my motion. The President : Miss Haley withdraws her motion to postpone until next year. Does President Butler accept the amendment to his motion made by Mr. Bouton ? Mr. Butler : No, sir, I do not. I prefer to have a vote upon my motion. Miss Gertrude Edmund, of Massachusetts : I wish to say that, altho I am a warm admirer of Miss Haley and the work she has done, I do not agree that we have not been fairly treated by the gentlemen of this convention. I want to thank the gentlemen who are present for all that they have done for the women who have shown an interest in the work of the Association. Mr. Butler : I trust that the members of the Association will consent to vote upon the pending motion solely from the standpoint of principle and of practical effectiveness. JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS 27 and not be misled by wholly irrelevant matters. I should not have made any motion whatever had I not been very jealous of the Association's standards of effectiveness and methods of procedure. Nothing would please me more than to see 75 per cent, or 100 per cent, of the active membership of each state present at every meeting and co-operating to elect the member of the nominating committee from that state. But it is absolutely and utterly impracticable. Experience has shown this conclusively. Anyone who will exam- ine the records of this year's state meetings and those of previous years will find that, under the guise of transferring a privilege to active members, this privilege has been transferred to one or two active members in many of the states. This is the very reverse of demociatic. It is a concentration of power in a wholly irresponsible group of persons. I saw a certificate last year which was signed by a member of the Association saying that at the meeting the number of active members present was " one," that the meeting nomi- nated for member of the nominating committee " himself," and he signed the certificate as chairman of the meeting. There are several certificates in my hand which show just about the same facts. That is not a proper condition of affairs. My proposition for a change is a purely practical proposition. This is a very large and businesslike associa- tion, and why shouldn't it do its business in a businesslike and responsible way ? Why let ourselves be confused by an abstract and untrue proposition about " democracy " when we are faced by six years' experience of the most undemocratic action imaginable ? During all of this time the President has appointed the nominating committee because of the illegality of the elections themselves or the illegality of almost every record that came to his hands. Therefore I do not see how the situation would be improved by decreasing the number of active members who are obliged to attend in order that this election may be legal, as would be the effect of the proposed amendment to my resolution; nor do I see the use of postponing action upon this question, now that it has been raised. I should prefer to see a direct vote taken in order that this matter may be settled. Thomas A. Mott, of Indiana : To me it seems like a backward step to take away from the members of the several states the power to make the selections for the nominating committee. In my opinion, it is better that three who are interested shall make the nomi- nation than that a by-law should be so carefully constructed that the members in attend- ance from the several states shall have no voice in this matter. State representation was the thing we fought for in Milwaukee, and I am in favor of voting for it here. The President : Before the question is put I will takethe liberty of stating to the members just how the by-law has worked this year. I was simply an observer. I wished to conform to this by-law, of course. I immediately found that to be impossible. I found that I was obliged personally to appoint all the members of this nominating com- mittee. If the amendment which is made by Mr. Bouton prevails, the appointing, how- ever, will lie in the hands of whatever small number of persons attend the meetings by states, and the President of the Association will then accept and confirm those nominations. A very small number of persons will, presumably, attend those meetings. I think the active members here present would deceive themselves if they felt that under such a provision the state would really be getting any representation at all. That is the difficulty with the present situation. All of us, I suppose, would desire a real representa- tion of the members by states in the selection of this nominating committee. The present arrangement gives no such real representation by states, and I conceive that Mr. Bouton's amendment will not give that desirable thing. The advantage of the amendment pro- posed by President Butler is that the nominations will be made by a responsible person, responsible to the Association. He is a person who is in office but a year, and he cannot have any motive for preferring one man to another in the representation on this nominat- ing committee. He is a temporary official himself, immediately replaced after this act. The existing method and the method proposed in the amendment will inevitably result in the delegation of this appointing power to small irresponsible bodies, which I think our political experience has taught us is not a desirable method of nomination. What more 2 8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION desirable method than the present can be arrived at I am not prepared to advise, but I have felt it my duty to say that it has seemed to me, from my experience this week, that the former method of nomination was certainly better than the present method. That is as far as my official experience enables me to go. Miss Haley : I should like to ask two questions, if I may. Under the plan pre- sented by Dr. Butler, the President of the National Educational Association appoints the nominating committee, and the nominating committee in turn appoints the President, and then the President appoints the next nominating committee, and that nominating com- mittee appoints the President. May I ask the chair if I am right ? The President : The answer to Miss Haley's question seems to me to be this : One President appoints a committee to nominate all the officers for the ensuing year, and that committee nominates another President — a totally different person; but the election is by the general meeting of active members, and not by any committee whatever. It is important to notice, as a qualification of Miss Haley's argument, that the President of the year cannot be a nominee for re-election. Miss Haley : You have answered one question to the effect that we should have under Dr. Butler's amendment a self-perpetuating machine. The question that I desire next to ask is this : Does not the amendment presented by Mr. Bouton, the one which I accepted in place of my motion, remove the objection, which the President makes, that he was obliged to appoint, or did appoint, the members of the nominating committee, since none of the appointments made by the different states conformed to the provisions of the by-law ? Is not that objection removed by providing that any number of active members present at the meeting shall constitute a quorum competent to do business ? The President: The answer to Miss Haley's question is that Mr. Bouton's amendment will provide a legal mode of operation. Our present method cannot be legally operated. At this point a general discussion ensued as to the effect of the amendment offered by Mr. Bouton to the resolution of Mr. Butler amending the by-laws. A motion by A. S. Downing, of New York, to lay the question on the table for one year was defeated. President Eliot explained, in answer to a question, that the adoption of Mr. Bouton's amendment and the subsequent adoption of Mr. Butler's motion by a two-thirds vote would amend the by-law to read, after the word " President " in the fourth line, as follows : "On the nomination of a majority of the active members from such state and territory present at the meeting called for the purpose of making such nomination;" and would eliminate the provision of the by-law requiring for a quorum the presence of a majority, not less thanthree, of the active members in attendance (on the convention) from each state or territory. The amendment of Mr. Bouton was then passed. A vote on the resolution of Mr. Butler, as amended, was then taken, resulting in: ayes, 123 ; noes, 43. The resolution as amended was declared adopted by a two-thirds vote. In answer to a question as to the future -relations of the President of the Association to the nominating committee, President Eliot stated that, as he understood the action just taken, the President under the new by-law will simply record the nominations made by the state meetings, and will then proceed to fill vacancies where state meetings have failed to make nominations. The Secretary announced the receipt of a communication and resolutions from Miss Margaret A. Haley, president of the National Federation of Teachers, as follows : resolutions adopted at mass meeting of teachers held at chickering hall, BOSTON, JULY 7, I903, UN.UER AUSPICES OF NATIONAL FEDt-RATlON OF TEACHERS Whereas, Demands are continually made on teachers for a higher scholastic and professional attain- ment; cost of living is sieadiiy increasing', with stationary or decreasing sa'aries, insecure tenure of office, no provision for old age, and conditions generally under which teachers work such that further progress in educa- tion demands immediate betterment of these conditions ; therefore y JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS 29 Resolved, That it is the sense of this mass meeting of teachers held under the ar.spices of the National Federation of Teachers that the time has come to bring the facts as to these conditions to public attention, and to this end that the subjects of Teachers' Salaries, Tenure of Office, and Pensions should be placed on the general program of the National Educational Association next year; and Rfsolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the Secretary of the National Educational Associa- tion with the request that they be brought to the attention of the body at its meeting July g. (Signed) Margaret A. Haley. The communication and accompanying resolutions were referred to the Committee on Resolutions. The meeting then adjourned. FOURTH DAY'S PROCEEDINGS FOURTH SESSION.— Thursday, July 9, 8 p. m. President Eliot opened the session at 8 o'clock P. M., and introduced R. W. G. Well- ing, of New York city, who read a paper on " The Teaching of Civics and Good Citizen- ship in the Public Schools." "Ihe Justification of City Expenditure on Parks and Parkways — Material for Public Education" was discussed by Nathan Mathews, Jr., of Boston, Mass., and "The Nature- Study Movement" by L. H. Bailey, director of the College of Agriculture, Cornell Uni- versity, Ithaca, N. Y. FIFTH DAY'S PROCEEDINGS FIFTH SESSION.— Friday, July iq, 8 p. m. The closing session of the forty-second annual convention of the National Educational Association was called to order by President Eliot at 8 o'clock P. M. The topic for the evening was "Education in the Southern States." This subject was presented in addresses as follows: '* The Beginning and Aims of the General Educa^on Board," by Wallace Buttrick, secretary and executive officer of the General Education Board, New York city. "The Educational Needs of the Southern Negro," by Rev. Charles T. Walker, of New York city. " Public Education in the South," by Edgar Gardner Murphy, executive secretary of the Southern Education Board, Montgomery, Ala. Following the addresses, the President introduced Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, Presi- dent of Columbia University, New York city, chairman of the Committee oh Resolutions, who presented on behalf of the committee the following REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS The members of the National Educational Association, assembled in their forty- second convention, make the following DECLARATION I. The United States Bureau of Education has amply proved its usefulness to the nation. Its publications are standard works of reference for school officers and teachers everywhere. The Bureau of Education should be made an independent administrative department, such as were the Departments of*Agnculture and of Labor before their elevation to cabinet rank. Sufficient appropriations should be made by the Congress to enable the Commissioner of Education to extend the scope and add to the usefulness of his work. 30 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2. The condition of affairs in the Indian Territory, where fully three-quarters of the population are reported as being without schools for their children, demands the immediate attention of the Congress. Provision should be speedily made by which the people of the Indian Territory will have power to establish and carry on a system of public schools, so that all classes of citizens in the Indian Territory may have the educational opportunities which are enjoyed by their fellow-citizens in other parts of the country. 3. Teaching in the public schools will not be a suitably attractive and permanent career, nor will it command as much of the ability of the country as it should, until the teachers are properly compensated and are assured of an undisturbed tenure during efficiency and good behavior. A large part of the teacher's reward must always be the pleasure in the character and quality of the work done; but the money compensatipn of the teacher should be sufficient to maintain an appropriate standard of living. Legislative measures to give support to these principles deserve the approval of the press and the people. 4. The true source of the strength of any system of public education lies in the regard of the people whom it immediately serves, and in their willingness to make sacri- fices for it. For this reason a large share of the cost of maintaining public schools should be borne by a local tax levied by the county or by the town in which the schools are. State aid is to be regarded as supplementary to, and not as a substitute for, local taxation for school purposes. In many parts of the United States a large increase in the amount of the local tax now voted for school purposes, or the levying of such a tax where none now exists, is a pressing need if there are to be better schools and better teachers. 5. The highest ethical standards of conduct and of speech should be insisted on among teachers. It is not becoming that commercialism or self-seeking should shape their actions, or that intemperance should mark their utterances. A code of professional conduct clearly understood and rigorously enforced by public opinion is being slowly developed, and will doubtless one day control all teachers worthy of the name. 6. It is important that school buildings and school grounds should be planned and decorated so as to serve as effective agencies for educating, not only the children, but the people as a whole, in matters of taste. The school is becoming more and more a com- munity center, and its larger opportunities impose new obligations. School buildings should be attractive as well as healthful, and the adjoining grounds should be laid out and planned with appropriateness and beauty. 7. Disregard for law and for its established modes of procedure is as serious a danger as can menace a democracy. The restraint of passion by respect for law is a distinguish- ing mark of civilized beings. To throw off that restraint, whether by appeals to brutal instincts or by specious pleas for a law of nature which is superior to the laws of man, is to revert to barbarism. It is the duty of the schools so to lay the foundations of charac- ter in the young that they will grow up with a reverence for the majesty of the law. Any system of school discipline which disregards this obligation is harmful to the child and dangerous to the state. A democracy which would endure must be as law-abiding as it is liberty-loving. Nicholas Murray Butler, of New York, Chairman; Andrew S. Draper, of Illinois; James M. Green, of New Jersey ; Bettie a. Dutton, of Ohio; H. B. Frissell, of Virginia; Laura Fisher, of Massachusetts; James H. Van Sickle, of Maryland; Clara A. Wilson, of Iowa ; Frank B. Cooper, of Washington ; Wm. H. Smiley, of Colorado; Ella Flagg Young, of Illinois; Committee on Resolutions. JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS 3 1 After submitting the above declaration, which was adopted by a unanimous vote, the following resolutions of thanks were offered by the committee and unanimously adopted by the convention ; Resolved, That the thanks of the National Educational Association be given with heartiness and sincerity to the citizens of Boston for their hospitable welcome, as graceful and as gracious as it has been generous ; and particularly to His Honor the Mayor of Bos- ton; to Mr. Edward R.Warren, chairman of the Local Executive Committee; to Mr. Grafton D. Gushing, chairman of the Boston School Committee ; to Mr. Edwin P. Seaver, superintendent of schools; to the teachers of Boston, who have assisted in untold ways with effective service ; and to the women who have assumed full responsibility for the admirable work of the Hospitality Committee. We are grateful, too, for the opportunities to hear stately music, to visit museums and collections of various kinds, and to enter pri- vate homes whose doors have been thrown open to us. Recognition is also due to the newspapers, for their reports of proceedings ; to the railroads, for their co-operation ; and to the Remington Typewriter Company, for expert service so freely given to the officers and members of the Association. Resolved, That the thanks of the Association be tendered to the retiring President, Charles W. Eliot, of Massachusetts, and to the retiring Treasurer, William M. Davidson, of Kansas, for their year of skillful and effective service. President Eliot then introduced Dr. John W. Cook, president of the Northern Illinois State Normal School, De Kalb, III., as the President-elect for the ensuing year. Presi- dent Cook briefly addressed the convention, expressing appreciation of the honor con- ferred upon him, and asking the members of the Association for their active co-operation in the work of the convention for the coming year. President Eliot, after a few words of thanks to the members of the Association for their co-operation during the past year, declared the forty-second annual convention adjourned. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR 1902-1903 BOSTON, MASS., July 6, 1903 The annual meeting of the Board of Directors was called to order in Trinity Chapel at 12 : 30 P. M., July 6, by President Charles W. El.ot. The following directors answered to roll-call : Charles W. Eliot, Massachusetts; William M. Davidson, Kansas; Albert G. Lane, Illinois; W, T. Harris, District of Columbia ; Nicholas Murray Butler, New York ; James H. Lanfield, Ne v York , Newton C. Dougherty, Illinois; Aaron Gove, Colorado; James M. Green, New Jersey ; J. M.Greenwood, Mis- souri; E. Oram Lyte, Pennsylvania; Charles R, Skinner, New York; F. Louis Soldan, Mis ouri ; Charles H. Keyes, Connecticut; Augustus S. Downing, New York; J. W. Lansinger, PenuFylvania ; M. Bates Stephens, Maryland: Ale::ander T. Stuart, District of Columbia; H. B, Frissell, Virginia; G. H. Crowell, North Carolina; S. L. Frogge, Kentucky; J. W. Abercrombie, Alabama ; J. L. Wright, Tennessee: E. E. Bass, Mississippi; Alexander Hogg, Texas; George B. Cook, Arkansas ; John D. Benedict Indian Terri- tory; J. K. Baxter, Ohio; T. A. Mott, Indiana; Miss Catharine Goggin, Illinois; D. W. Springer. Michi- gan; L. D. Harvey, Wisconsin ; A. V. Storm, Iowa ; C. M. Young. South Dakota; J. W. Spmdler, Kansas; W. J. Kerr, Utah; F. B. Cooper, Washington; E. D. Ressler, Oregon Present, thirty-eight directors. On motion, the reading of the minutes of the last meeting, held at Minneapolis, Minn., July 10, 1902, was dispensed with, and the minutes were approved as printed m the volume of Proceedings of the Minneapolis meeting. The Secretary read communications from several absent directors tendering their resignations and nominating successors to be appointed by the board, as follows : Warren Easton, of Louisiana, nominating Nicholas L. A. Bauer. F. Yale Adams, of Arizona, nominating A. J. Matthews. H. S. Philips, of Colorado, nommating Lewis C. Greenlee. James A, Foshay, of California, nominating Thomas H. Kirk. David R. Boyd, of Oklahoma, nominating A. R. Hickam. John J. McMahan, of North Carolina, nominating P, T. Brodie. liic^ctor N. C. Dougherty, of Illinois, moved that the Secretary be instructed to cast the ballot of the members present for the election of the nominees named to fill the vacan- cies occasioned by the several resignations which had been read. After discussion concernmg the authority of the board to fill temporarily a vacancy occasioned by the absence of a director, the chairman, President Charles W. Eliot, ruled that, while the board had authority under the provisions of the constitution to fill a vacancy, it had no authority to appoint a temporary representative of an absent director whose resignation had not been received. The motion of Director Dougherty was then carried. The Secretary reported that the ballot had been cast as ordered. The nominees named in the several letters of resignation were then declared duly elected to fill the respective vacancies. On motion, the Executive Committee was authorized to appoint temporary repre- sentatives of absent directors to receive and distribute to members from the respective states the invitations to receptions and tickets of admission to various entertainments which the Local Executive Committee had arranged to distribute thru the state directors. The report of the Treasurer, W. M. Davidson, of Topeka, Kan., for the year ending June 30, 1903, was then read. The report was accepted and adopted by a unanimous vote. 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS 33 The seventeenth annual report of the Board of Trustees was presented by the chair- man, A. G. Lane, of Chicago, 111., and, on motion, was accepted and adopted by a unani- mous vote. President Eliot: As President of this Association 1 have had an opportunity to examine into the state of the property and the receipts and expenditures of this institu- tion, and am glad to be able to assure the directors that the National Educational Asso- ciation has on hand a substantial endowment of more than $100,000, the income of which meets its permanent expenses. Moreover, this is increasing, as you have heard. It increased ;$ 10,000 last year, and I am quite sure it will increase still more this year. Appreciating their responsibilities, the Board of Trustees have today decided upon an exceedingly conservative policy in the management of this property. Director Charles H. Keyes, of Connecticut, member of the Committee of Eleven on Formulation of Contemporary Educational Doctrine, called attention to the action of the Department of Superintendence of the National Educational Association, at the recent Cincinnati meeting, requesting that an appropriation not exceeding ;552,500 be made to said committee for expenses in pursuance of its work. Director Keyes urged the pro- priety of this appropriation, and reported the fact that the committee had already accom- plished some work in the line of its duties. On motion, the application was referred to the National Council for investigation and recommendation. Director L. D. Harvey, of Wisconsin, offered the following resolution : Resolved, That the National Council of Education be requested by the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association to appoint a committee to report to that body, after such investigation as may seem desirable, conclusions as to what should be undertaken in the field of industrial education in schools in rural communities, and to recommend such an appropriation as may be necessary for carrying on the inves- tigation and preparation of the report. Director Harvey, in support of his resolution, said : The reason for offering this resolution at this time-is that all thru the middle West, in the South, and even in some of the New England states, the question of what can be done, especially in the field of elementary agricultural instruction in rural schools, is a live one. In a number of states laws have been enacted requiring teachers to pass examinations on that subject in order to teach. In other states laws have been passed making it mandatory that instruction in elementary agriculture be given in the rural schools. There is a very widespread feeling that something should be done, but the difficulty is that nobody knows today what ought to be done, or what can be done. In Canada in 1872 they undertook by law to put the teaching of agriculture into the public schools, without a definite idea of what should be done. The result was a failure, and the move- ment dropped out of sight three or four years ago. They are now taking it up again. We are, however, undertaking certain lines of work from which we expect good results. A number of states — New York, Wisconsin, and others — are carrying on successful work in this field today. It seems to me there is no subject that is more important for our country schools than this. We are in danger of making a serious mistake in attempting this work without something definite being suggested as to what we shall do. It seems to me there is no more important work for the National Council than to appoint a com- mittee of investigation on this subject and to recommend such an appropriation as may be necessary to carry on the work. Director W. T. Carrington seconded Director Harvey's motion, which was unani- mously carried. The Secretary then read the following communication : To the Board of Directors, National Educationl Association : Gentlemen : — In view of the increased interest shown thruout the country in the matter of the condi- tion of the teachers, as to salary, tenure of position, pensions, and cost of living; In view of the remarkable increase in cost of the necessities of life : 3 4- NA TIONAL ED UCA TIONAL ASSOC! A TION In view of the rise of wages and salaries of workers of all other kinds above and beyond the increase in the salaries of teachers ; In view of the impossibility of maintaining the highest grade of instruction in the United States under present conditions of low salaries in the country; You are respectfully urged to make the investigation of the condition of teachers thruout the United States a special order for the coming year. You are earnestly requested to appoint a committee for investiga- tion and report. You are earnestly requested to appropriate from two to three thousand dollars for the expenses of correspondence, canvassing, tabulating, and printing. The New York delegation of members of the National Educational Association, having enjoyed a great improvement in the matter of salaries, etc., feels especially concerned for their brother and sister teachers of America, whose average yearly salary is shown by the last report of the Commissioner of Education to be less than $350 per year. We feel that we should do all in our power to contribute toward the improvement of the condition of the teachers thruout the country. Respectfully, New York Members of the National Educational Association, By Charles R. Skinner. C. T. McFarlane. Harry F. Towle. Wm. McAndrew. Katherine Blake. W. B. Gunnison. On motion, the communication was referred to the Committee on Investigation and Appropriations of the National Council for recommendation. The Secretary made an explanation of the conflicting announcements in the Advance Program-Bulletin and the Official Program regarding the time for the meeting of active members to select members of the Committee on Nominations. The change of the opening of the convention from Tuesday afternoon to Monday evening had rendered inoperative the by-law which provides for the meetings to occur at 5 : 30 P. M. of the first day of the convention, since, if strictly followed, the meetings wquld occur before the opening of the convention, before the various state headquarters would be open for use, and before the arrival of many of the members. It had therefore seemed advisable for all interests to announce these meetings for 9 o'clock A. M. Tuesday morning; but, objection having been raised to this technical violation of the provisions of the by-law, the announcement was changed in the Official Program to the effect that the meetings be held at 5:30 p. m., Monday afternoon, and it was recommended in the announcement that the meetings adjourn, without action, to the more favorable time sug;gested in the Program- Bulletin, namely, 9 o'clock A. M., Tuesday, July 7. Director Nicholas Murray Butler, of New York, gave notice that, in view of the impracticable provisions of by-law No. i, he should, at the proper time at the regular annual meeting of active members, move an amendment to the by-law in question. After announcements by the Secretary, the meeting adjourned. Irwin Shepard, Secretary. MEETING OF THE NEW BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR 1903-1904 BOSTON, MASS., July 9, 1903 The Board of Directors of the National Educational Association met in Trinity Chapel, Boston, at 4:30 P. M., President-elect John W. Cook, of Illinois, in the chair. The following directors responded to roll-call : President John W. Cook, Illinois; McHenry Rhoads, Kentucky; Charles W. Eliot, Massachusetts; Nicholas Murray Butler, New York; James H. Canfield, New York; Newton C. Dougherty, Illinois; Aaron Gove, Colorado; J. M. Greenwood, Missouri ; Albert G. Lane, Illinois; Eliphalet Oram Lyte, Pennsylvania; F. Louis Soldan, Missouri; A. J. Matthews, Arizona; Charles H. Keyes, Connecticut; Miss Catherine Goggin, Illinois; T. A. Mott, Indiana; A. V. Storm, Iowa; E. H. Mark, Kentucky; J. S. Locke, Maine; M. Bates Stephens, Maryland; Louis P. Nash, Massachusetts; D. W. Springer, Michigan; W. F. Kunze, Minnesota; Ben Blewett, Missouri; Edwin J. Bodwell, Nebraska; A. S. Downing, New York; E. D. Ressler, Oregon ; J. W. Lansinger, Pennsylvania ; W. B. Jacobs, Rhode Island ; Walter E. Ranger, Ver- mont; Miss Lucy Robinson, West Virginia; L. D. Harvey, Wisconsin; Miss Estelle Reel, Wyoming. Number of directors present, thirty-two. The reading of the minutes of the meeting of the former Board of Directors was, on motion, omitted. Director A. G. Lane, of Illinois, called attention to the fact that no director had been elected for the state of Florida ; that the member of the Committee on Nominations for that state, Dr. John F. Forbes, did not learn of his appointment until after the meeting of that body had adjourned ; and that he now wished to address the board on the question of filling the vacancy. No objection being made. Dr. Forbes was introduced by President Cook, and made a brief explanation of the conditions in Florida which led to the two contesting delega- tions from that state in the appointment of a member of the Committee on Nominations. He recommended that B. C. Graham, county superintendent of schools for Hillsborough county, be appointed director. On motion, the recommendation of Dr. Forbes was accepted, and B. C. Graham was unanimously appointed director for Florida. Director E. H. Mark, of Kentucky, stated that it had been his own wish and the wish of the entire delegation from that state that S. L. Frogge, of Frankfort, Ky,, should be elected director; but, thru a misunderstanding, his own name had been entered for -that office in the report of the Committee on Nominations, and he had been duly elected. He therefore tendered his resignation as director, with the request that S. L. Frogge be appointed to the vacancy. On motion of Director Dougherty, of Illinois, the resignation of Director Mark was accepted, and S. L. Frogge was unanimously appointed director for Kentucky. On motion, the chairman was authorized to appoint a committee of three to nominate members of the National Council. Directors E. Oram Lyte, Newton C. Dougherty, and A. G. Lane were appointed such committee. The next order of business being the election of a member of the Board of Trustees to fill the vacancy occasioned by the expiration of the term of service of A. G. Lane, Director James M. Green, of New Jersey, moved that Director A. G. Lane be elected trustee to succeed himself. The motion was unanimously carried. 35 36 NA TIONAL EDUCA TIONAL ASSOCIA TION On motion of Director Aaron Gove, of Colorado, Director Wm. T. Harris, United States Commissioner of Education, was elected to succeed himself as member of the Executive Committee. A communication was received from the National Council transmitting the following reports to that body by its Committee on Investigations and Appropriations on certain applications to the Council for recommendation of appropriations by the Board of Direc- tors. These reports were accompanied by resolutions embodying the action of the Council on the reports. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS AND APPROPRIATIONS To the Council: The Committee on Investigations and Appropriations begs leave to report as follows relative to the several matters which have been before it either by reference from the Council or from the Board of Directors, or upon the initiative of the committee itself : 1. Action on the proposal of President Baker, of Colorado, to appoint a committee, and to ask for an appropriation to inquire into the contemporary judgment as to the culture element in education and the time that should be devoted to the combined school and college course, should await a clear definition of the topic to be studied and a precise indication of the methods of inquiry to be pursued. We recommend that the presi- dent of the Council be authorized to appoint a committee of five active members of the Association to under- take to define the question as presented by President Baker, the report of this committee to be printed and distributed in advance of the next annual meeting of the Council, and its discussion made a special order for that meeting. 2. In reference to the request of a number of active members of the Association, made to the Board of Directors and referred by that board to this committee, that an investigation be undertaken to deter- mine the economic condition of public-school teachers thruout the United States, your committee feels that the time is ripe for the prosecution of such an inquiry. There is a great and growing interest thruout the country in matters relating to the condition of public- school teachers and their compensation, and there is every reason to believe that, if the facts could be correctly ascertained and lucidly set forth, the effect upon public opinion, and consequently upon the status of the teachers themselves, would be excellent. We, therefore, recommend that the president of the Council be authorized to appoint a committee of seven, to consist of active members of the Association, and of not more than two experts in statistical and economic science, who may or may not be members of the Association, to inquire and report to the Council upon the salaries, tenure of office, and.pension provisions for public- school teachers in the United States. We recommend that an appropriation of $1,500, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be asked from the Board of Directors to defray the neces- sary expenses of conducting the work of this committee. 3. The committee is unable to recommend any appropriation to defray the cost of the work being carried on by the so-called Committee on Formulation of Contemporary Educational Doctrine. The attention of the Council is called to the fact that, by resolution of the Board of Directors, and by