^>>J^h ^^- Class. Book.. a^gySL. X^ Copiglrt'N! |Oio3 COPYRIGHT DEPOSnV AL Educational Association REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON alaries, Tenure, and Pensions Of Public School Teachers in the United States Jufyy 190S Price List of Reports of Special Committees for 1 905 Price Postpaid Lfies, Tenure, and Pensions, pp. 466, paper cover . . I0.50 ^ :ation as Related to Public Education, pp. 97, paper cover .10 Industrial Education in Schools for Rural Communities. pp. 87, paper cover ^o A 4iscou7it of 20^0 ^^ allowed on orders of lo cop. or more to one address. Address IRWIN SHEPARD, Secretary N. E, A.y Winona, Minn, National Educational Association n Report of the Committee ON Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions of Public School Teachers in the United States TO THE National Council of Education July, 1905 PUBLISHED BY THE ASSOCIATION 1905 _ — mill iwiiiiw—M ■— ■"^ OCT 3 ''306 ■mjUPIJI. ■U**! V^CiP Copyright, 1905 The National Educational Association CONTENTS PAGE Letter of Transmittal 5 Introduction 7 Salaries of Teachers in Cities and Towns of 8,000 Population or Over. . . 10 Introduction and explanation of tables 11 Summary and analysis of tables, with cities classified by size 15 Cities with population of 1,000,000 or over. 24 Cities with population of 200,000 to 1,000,000 25 Cities with population of 100,000 to 200,000 28 Cities with population of 50,000 to 100,000 29 Cities with population of 30,000 to 50,000 31 Cities with population of 20,000 to 30,000 33 Cities with population of 15,000 to 20,000 35 Cities with population of 10,000 to 15,000 * 38 Cities with population of 8,000 to 10,000 40 Salaries summarized by States 45 Sex of Teachers in High and Elementary Schools 52 Supervisors and Special Teachers 54 Salary Schedules in Cities and Towns of 8,000 Population or Over 70 Salaries of Teachers in Typical Towns of less than 8,000 Population. . . . 105 Salaries of Teachers in Typical Ungraded Rural Schools 116 Maine Georgia North Dakota Vermont Texas South Dakota Massachusetts Ohio Indian Territory Connecticut Indiana Colorado New York Ilhnois Nebraska New Jersey Michigan Kansas Pennsylvania Wisconsin Utah Maryland Minnesota Washington Virginia Iowa California South Carolina Missouri Oregon Funds for Payment of Teachers' Salaries 137 Minimum Salary Laws 143 Indiana Maryland Pennsylvania West Virginia Earnings in Teaching and in Other Occupations 146 Purchasing Power of Salaries in Different Localities 149 Tenure of Office of Teachers 151 Pensions of Teachers 177 General Tables of Salaries of Teachers in Cities and Towns of 8,000 Popu- lation OR Over 184 List of cities and towns 184 Table I. — Number and minimum, maximum, and average yearly salaries of principals and teachers in high and elementary schools and kindergartens 190 Table II. — Classified yearly salaries of teachers (not including principals) in high schools 260 Table III. — Classified yearly salaries of principals of elementary schools 329 Table IV. — Classified yearly salaries of teachers (not including principals) in elementary schools 394 3 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE OF OFFICE, AND PENSION PROVISIONS OF TEACHERS March 7, 1905. To the Council of the National Educational Association: At the meeting of your body, held July 8, 1903, the undersigned were appointed a committee to inquire into and report upon the Salaries, Tenure of Office, and Pension Provisions of Teachers in the Public Schools of the United States. The members of the committee were notified of this action by the Secretary of the association, in a communication dated September 24, 1903. The committee met in the city of Washington, December 11, 1903, and completed its organization by the choice of Miss Anna Tolman Smith as secretary. The committee assumed that it was the purpose of the Council to secure a collection of facts relative to salaries, tenure, and pensions of public school teachers which would be useful in various sections of the country in securing an adequate compensation for services where low salaries prevailed, and in furnishing information relative to the other matters designated in the authori- zation; that the Council intended to publish the facts for use wherever needed, and that it recognized that it would be impossible for the committee to make recommendations ^Aithout specifying localities, a proceeding which would result in recommendations so complicated as in a measure perhaps to defeat the purposes of the investigation. It was the opinion of the committee that the material which would neces- sarily be collected by a comprehensive investigation would be so extensive and varied as to require for its final classification and effective presentation the ser- vices of expert statisticians. To meet the purposes of the Council, therefore, the committee authorized the chairman to select and appoint a competent ]_ '^- son to take active charge of the whole work, and in accordance with this action Mr. Charles H. Verrill, an expert statistician, was chosen and his choice approved. A subcommittee was appointed to draft a schedule of inquiries relative to salaries, and another to make an investigation concerning teachers' pensions. In regard to the tenure of ofiice, it was decided that ample material for infor- mation on this subject had already been accumulated by the United States Bureau of Education and could be placed at the disposal of the committee. The general plan of the investigation is given in the introduction. In accordance with this general plan, the committee entered upon its active work 5 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION immediately after its organization, making a preliminary report at the meeting of the National Council at St. Louis, in July 1904. The final report of the committee is herewith submitted. The introduction gives information in general relating to the scope of the inquiries and the measure of success accompanying them, and other explana- tory facts necessary for a comprehension of the nature of the work and the report. As is pointed out, a report of this character is not susceptible of satisfactory summarization. Its value lies in its fulness and correctness of detail suitable for any comparison of city with city which it is desired to make. The salaries of teachers in any given city must be studied in comparison with those of cities where conditions as to organization and cost of living are fully understood, and where all differences may thus be taken into consideration. This precludes any specific recommendations by the committee based upon the data it has collected. In connection with this report on the salaries of teachers it should be observed that the salaried employee is always at a disadvantage in periods of prosperity and high prices, as salaries are much slower to advance than prices or wages. The salaried employee with a stationary income must not only pay the higher prices, but he almost of necessity follows his neighbor, more fortu- nate in an increased income from the prosperous times, in an indulgence in larger expenditures. Salaried employees must hve according to the standard of those around them, and this is especially true of teachers. All their social life is in the pubhc view, and the public has a pecuHar interest in the main- tenance of their social position. This condition again precludes any specific recommendations, as environment in different localities must be considered. So any recommendation of a general character might have no application in particular localities, altho the facts presented might be of the utmost impor- tance and have great influence in securing an equitable readjustment of com- pensation. One of the most striking developments of recent years in connection with city schools is in the exacting nature of the requirements for teachers. Such requirements are becoming more and more severe. The idea that any high- school graduate can teach school has quite generally been succeeded by the conviction that no person,^ however well educated generally, can properly teach without special preparation for that duty. The higher standards which are being insisted upon for the teachers must lead logically to better compensation. The inadequacy of the salaries in some of the cities, as shown by this report, after the training that is necessary to secure the posi- tions, has been used successfully as an argument for their increase, and in some cities it has been admitted where financial reasons have stood in the way of granting an advance. The data collected, classified and presented herewith will, it is hoped, help in different locahties to secure salaries adequate to meet the new require- COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 7 ments, or they will at least furnish arguments for compensating teachers according to the requirements demanded. The committee desires to express its gratitude to and approval of the servi- ces of Mr. Charles H. Verrill and his associates in carrying out its directions. The report is more voluminous than it was expected it would be, but when it is known that the facts collected relating to salaries represent 85 per cent, of the cities and towns of 8,000 or more inhabitants, and a vast deal of informa- tion from typical towTis of less than 8,000, and from representative rural districts, the size of the report must be considered as within reason, and neces- sary for the proper presentation of the facts collected. Carroll D. Wright, Chairman. Anna Tolman Smith, Secretary. e. g. cooley. Catharine Goggin. Franklin H. Giddings. R. H. Halsey. William McAndrew. INTRODUCTION The subjects of study which the investigations of the Committee on Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions of Teachers were planned to cover were the following: 1. Actual salaries paid in all cities and towns of 8,000 population or over. 2. Fixed salary schedules in cities and towns of 8,000 population or over, wherever such schedules have been adopted. These schedules are given in comparison with actual salaries as shown by the payrolls. 3. Salaries in typical towns of less than 8,000 population. 4. Salaries in typical ungraded rural schools. 5. The nature of the fund or appropriation from which teachers' salaries are paid (i. e., whether a special salary fund, not subject to diminution from the fluctuation of other expenditures, or drawn from a general educational fund). 6. Earnings in teaching and in other occupations. 7. Purchasing power of salaries in different localities. 8. Tenure of office of teachers. 9. Pensions of teachers. The investigation of salaries being the basis of the whole inquiry and the most compUcated part of it, the efforts of the committee were especially directed toward securing as complete salary data as possible. In this portion of the investigation the results of the requests of the committee for data for its report were extremely satisfactory. The inquiries relating to cities and towns of 8,000 or more inhabitants called upon the city superintendents or other officials for the complete salary list of teachers and supervising officers at some recent date, the fixed salary schedule governing salary rates (if such schedule had been adopted), and the NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION other facts in regard to tenure of position and pensions. The superintendents have for the most part co-operated heartily in the work, and the thanks of the committee are due them for valuable aid. In answer to the inquiries, out of 547 cities and towns of 8,000 or more inhabitants, 467, or 85 per cent., representing 92,892 teachers, responded with practically full statements as to the salaries of teachers. In addition to this, reports giving salaries of a part of the teachers were secured from 25 other cities or nearly 5 per cent., while from 55 cities (only 10 per cent, of the whole) it was not possible to secure data, although application was repeatedly made. The data sought from typical towns of less than 8,000 inhabitants were similar to those sought from the cities and towns of 8,000 or over. Each state superintendent of schools was asked to secure the data from three typical towns of less than 8,000 inhabitants, one of which required the minimum expenditure for cost of living, one a medium expenditure, and one a maxi- mum expenditure. With regard to salaries in rural schools, each state superintendent was asked to secure for the committee data from twenty-four ungraded rural schools in his jurisdiction, eight to represent the lowest, eight the medium, and eight the highest yearly salaries paid to teachers of rural schools. As this information in regard to salaries in typical towns and in rural schools had to be gathered in most cases by the state superintendent by cor- respondence, not as large a per cent, of the data sought for was obtained as in the case of the cities. However, satisfactory reports covering both these classes of schools were received from a little more than half the states, and with some supplementary statistics which are included in this report every part of the country would seem to be fairly well represented. It will be of some interest in this connection to consider the field of these three classes of schools. Some general idea of their relative importance may be gained from the statistics of population. The cities and towns of 8,000 inhabitants or over, according to the census of 1900, numbered 547, and included a population of nearly twenty-five mil- hons, or 33.1 per cent, of the total population of the United States. The Cen- sus Bureau estimates of 1903 covering the 438 cities and towns of 10,000 or over showed an increase over 1900 in those cities and towns of 1,759,620, or 7.3 per cent. The population dependent upon the ungraded rural school can not be accurately stated. The number of farm families is perhaps some indication of the number of those having access to ungraded rural schools only, though cer- tainly some of those living on farms do have access to graded schools. And this is especially true since the spread of the consolidation plan and the trans- portation of pupils in country districts. On the other hand, it is certain that for some portion of the population not Uving on farms nothing better than the ungraded rural school is available. For example, only 39.8 per cent, of the families of Wisconsin were reported by COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 9 the Census Bureau as farm families, yet according to a report of a committee of the Wisconsin Teachers' Association, "over 50 per cent, of the pupils of the state are enrolled in the ungraded schools, and fully 10 per cent, more in the two-department graded schools, which, so far as the quahty and quantity of the instruction is concerned, are little, if any, better than the ordinary rural schools." In Texas only 58 per cent, of the families in the state were reported as farm fami- lies by the Census Office, but according to the report of the state Board of Edu- cation for 1902, 89 per cent, of the pupils enrolled in the schools of the state were in ungraded schools, not, however, all rural. The number of famihes living on farms in 1900, according to the Census Bureau, was 5,698,901, or 35.2 per cent, of all families in the United States. The relative importance of the farm population in the various states is given in the following table as some indication of the importance of the country school in each state: PERCENTAGE OF FAMILIES LIVING ON FARMS IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1900 ' BY STATES Per cent of Per cent of Families Families State Living on State Living on Farms Farms North Atlantic States " North Central States Maine 35.0 Ohio 29.7 Nev/ Hampshire 28. 9 Indiana 38 Vermont 40 . 4 Illinois 25 Massachusetts 5.9 Michigan 36 Rhode Island 6.0 Wisconsin 39 Connecticut 13. i Minnesota 44 New York 13.9 Iowa 46 New Jersey 8.5 Missouri 43 Pennsylvania 17 . i North Dakota 68 South Dakota 62 Total 14.6 Nebraska 52 Kansas 51 South Atlantic States Delaware 24.5 Total 38.2 Maryland 19.4 District of Columbia 0.-5 Virginia 46 . 8 Western States West Virginia 50.8 Montana 24.9 North Carolina 60.5 Wyoming 29.5 South Carolina 56.7 Colorado 19.4 Georgia 48.6 New Mexico 28.3 Florida 35.0 Arizona 24.7 Utah 34.8 Total , 45.7 Nevada 19.3 Idaho 45.8 South Central States Washington 30.0 Kentucky 53.7 Oregon 39.6 Tennessee 56 . 2 California 20 . 8 Alabama 58 . c Mississippi 69.3 Total 26. Louisiana 40 . i Texas 58.0 The United States 35. Indian Territory 62 . i Oklahoma 72 . 6 Arkansas 66 . 4 Total 57.9 As will be seen from the above table, the per cent, of the families living on farms varies widely, Massachusetts having only 5.9 per cent., while Oklahoma has 72.6 per cent. Accepting the foregoing figures as indicative, there remains somewhat less than one-third of the population living in cities, towns, or villages of less than 8,000 and having access to the graded and ungraded schools of such places. lO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION This included, in 1900, 612 places of from 4,000 to 8,000 inhabitants, 604 places of from 2,500 to 4,000, 2,130 places of from 1,000 to 2,500, and 6,819 incorporated places of less than 1,000, besides a considerable number of unincorporated places up to 4,000. In the pages which follow the subjects of the investigation are taken up in order, as already enumerated. SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN CITIES AND TOWNS OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER First in importance of the subjects taken up for investigation by the com- mittee was that of salaries of teachers in cities and towns of 8,000 population or over. As has been stated already such cities and towns in the United States number 547 and employ nearly 100,000 teachers. From 492 of these, or 90 per cent., salary data more or less complete were secured, and for 467, or 85.4 per cent., complete reports were received. So far as teachers are concerned, the data were even more nearly complete than these figures would indicate, for the cities from which no information could be secured were for the most part small. The distribution by size of city, both of those from which reports were secured and of those from which no information is at hand, may be seen in the following table: CITIES AND TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER FROM WHICH SALARY REPORTS WERE OBTAINED, CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION Cities with a Population of — Cities Fur- nishing Full Reports Cities Fur- nishing Par- tial Reports Cities Fur- nishing no Reports Total Cities 1,000,000 or over. . . . 200,000 to 1,000,000 100,000 to 200,000 50,000 to 100,000 30,000 to 50,000 20,000 to 30,000 15,000 to 20,000 10,000 to 15,000 8,000 to 10,000 Total 3 16 20 38 58 74 60 no 88 3 16 20 43 65 8S 70 136 109 467 547 The cities from which only partial reports could be obtained and those from which no reports could be obtained are shown in the two lists following: CITIES FROM WHICH ONLY PARTIAL REPORTS IN REGARD TO SALARIES OF TEACHERS COULD BE OBTAINED Alabama. — Mobile. Arkansas.— Little Rock. Connecticut. — Danbury, Hartford, Stonington. Georgia. — Brunswick. Illinois. — Kewanee. Indiana. — Vincennes. Iowa.— Council Bluffs, Des Moines. Kentucky. — Lexington. Louisiana. — Baton Rouge. Michigan. — Flint. Minnesota. — St. Cloud. Mississippi. — Meridian. Montana. — Anaconda. New Hampshire. — Berlin. New Jersey. — Orange. New York. — Binghamton. Ohio. — Middletown. Pennsylvania. — Steelton. South Carolina. — Charleston. Texas. — Dallas, Houston, Paris. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS II CITIES FROM WHICH NO REPORTS IN REGARD TO SALARIES OF TEACHERS COULD BE OBTAINED Connecticut. — Manchester, Norwich. Florida. — Pensacola, Tampa Gf.orgia. — Macon. Illinois. — Moline, Pekin, Quincy. Indiana. — El wood Jeffersonville, South Bend. Kentucky . — Newport . Maine. — Augusta, Ciddeford, Portland. Maryland. — Cumberland, Hagerstown. Michigan. — Alpena, Ishpeming. Minnesota. — Stillwater. Mississ ippi . — Vicksburg. Missouri. — Jefferson City. New Jersey. — Hackensack, Millville. New York. — Glens Falls, Mt. Vernon. North Carolina. — Charlotte, Raleigh, Wil- mington, Winston. North Dakota. — Fargo. Ohio. — Bellaire, Findlay, Lancaster, Piqua, Springfield. Pennsylvania. — Dunmore, Nanticoke, Pitts- ton, South Bethlehem. Rhode Islant). — Lincoln. South Carolina. — Greenville. South Dakota. — Sioux Falls. Tennessee.— Clarksville, Jackson. Texas. — Denison, Palestine. Virginia. — Alexandria, Lynchburg, Manches- ter, Petersburg. Wisconsin. — Kenosha, Merrill, Stevens Point. Wyoming. — Laramie. The salaries reported from all these cities have been tabulated ard the tabulations are presented in the following pages. The salary data relating to the more important classes of teachers, namely, superintendents, principals and teachers in high schools, principals and teachers in elementary schools, and supervisors and teachers in kindergartens, are shown in detail in a series of four general tables. In these tables the cities are arranged according to size as regards population, running from the largest to the smallest. The titles of these four general tables are as follows : Table I. — Number and minimum, maximum, and average yearly salaries of princi- pals and teachers in high and elementary schools and kindergartens. Table II. — Classified yearly salaries of teachers (not including principals) in high schools. Table III. — Classified yearly salaries of principals of elementary schools. Table IV. — Classified yearly salaries of teachers (not including principals) in ele- mentary schools. In connection with Table I, the population, the total number of teachers and supervising officers, and the salary of the superintendent are given for each city. The titles of the other tables fully describe their contents. It will be noticed that while in Table I the minimum and maximum and the average of all salaries are given for each class of teachers, in Tables II, III, and IV the number of teachers receiving each salary rate is shown, the salaries being classified in $50 and $100 groups. The number of teachers in receipt of each rate in each city can thus be seen and the percentages can easily be calculated. In the averages of course due weight is given to all salaries, the exceptionally high, the exceptionally low, and the medium. In many cities a large per- centage of the teachers receive salaries much below the average and these facts, shown in Tables II, III, and IV, will be studied by many with greater interest than the averages, for it is in these groups that the great number of inadequately paid teachers are found. With regard to the whole tabulation some explanation of method seems desirable. Thruout this series of tables the salaries have been presented for high 12 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION and elementary schools and kindergartens and for principals and teachers therein separately. Male and female teachers are also in all cases shown separately as well as in combination. The purpose of the tabulation is to show the rate of pay in the various cities for like service, so far as possible. An average for teachers of all kinds, either of both sexes or for males and females separately, has not been made because it would represent work not sufficiently well defined. It would include, in the case of males, for example,- the superintendent at the one end of the scale and the grade teacher, with a salary perhaps as low as $350, at the other end. In the case of women teachers the extremes of pay and of responsi- bility would not be so far apart, but would still be very widely different. Fur- thermore, such an average would be made up of quite different elements in the various cities. For example, in Boston we should find that 10.5 per cent, of the total number of teachers were employed in high schools and that the sala- ries for all high school teachers (including principals) were 90.6 per cent, above those for teachers (and principals) in elementary schools. In St. Louis and Baltimore, on the other hand, cities of almost exactly the same size, the percentages of teachers in high schools were respectively 6 and 6.1. If cities within the same state are compared similar differences w^ill be found to exist. In the series of tables showing salaries of teachers a.nd principals in high and elementary schools, principals and teachers have been presented sepa- rately. The principals of high schools are a distinct class, receiving a salary usually much higher than even the maximum paid the teachers under them, and for a work quite different — the work of supervision. Even in the smaller city, where the principal is engaged in teaching as well as supervision, the difference in salary is still large, though it is not so great as in the large city. In the 16 cities of the country having a population of 200,000 but less than 1,000,000, it was found that the average salary of principals of high schools was $2,685, while that of the teachers was only $1,230. The average for the two classes combined was $1,287. ^^ ^^^ 57 cities of from 15,000 to 20,000 population having principals of high schools and reporting the salary, the average salary was $1,464, while that of the teachers was but $803. The average for the two classes combined was $874. It will thus be seen that to present the average for the two classes as representing teachers (including principals) in high schools would be to represent both classes unfairly. Moreover a very important point would be covered up. In the cities just referred to it is noticed that the number of teachers to each principal varied widely. In Pittsburg, for example, there is but one principal to 64 teachers, while in Milwaukee 61 teachers are supervised by 4 principals. Supplementary to the separate averages for salaries of principals and teach- ers, figures for the two combined are of value. It is a fair question whether some of the differences in salaries in the various cities may not be due in part to differences of organization — w^hether a lower salary paid to the teacher may not be from better supervision and therefore less responsibility on the part of COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 13 the teacher. This question could be satisfactorily answered, of course, only after a careful personal study of the system in each city. Some light, however, might be thrown upon the subject by an examination of the number of princi- pals and teachers in each case. \ As to the principals and teachers in elementary schools the case is much rtiore complex. In several of the large cities a principal (sometimes called a supervising principal, a district principal, a group principal, or merely a prin- cipal) has charge of a group of schools in a district, and an assistant or vice principal has charge of each building so far as discipline is concerned, but with no supervisory duties in regard to instruction. In other cities assistant super- intendents may perform duties like the supervising principals above and in many cities the principal has exactly the duties and responsibilities of the vice principals just referred to. In Washington, for example, principals of elemen- tary schools teach a class and have nothing to do with the supervision of the instruction of other teachers. Not infrequently, and usually in the smaller cities, teachers in one of the higher grades serve also as principals, and the sala- ries of principals of the smaller buildings are less than the maximum paid teachers. The line between teachers and principal is not always distinct. When we undertake a comparison of city with city, we find, just as in the case of high schools, that differences in methods of organization and supervision may require twice as many principals in one city as in another with the same number of teachers. In spite of these difhculties, it has seemed that a better definite idea of salaries paid teachers and principals would be had if the two classes v^ere presented separately, and this has been done in Table I. To make possible comparisons of salaries of principals and teachers combined, the necessary averages have also been computed and are presented in a special text table. Teachers in elementary schools, as used in the tabulations, include in gen- eral only regular teachers in day schools. But there are quite a number of cities where positions below that of principal and above that of regular teacher have been created with special titles and responsibihties and with salaries at least somewhat above those of regular teachers. Such positions are vari- ously designated as vice or assistant principals, head teachers, first assistants, heads of departments, masters (headmaster being the principal), submasters, etc. All such have been tabulated as teachers, but if the salary was above the maximum paid to regular teachers, note was made of the fact with the average salaries, so that separation may be made by any one desiring it. In a few cities, also, teachers of German employed regularly in the elemen- tary schools and paid practically the same rates as other elementary teachers are included with elementary teachers, note being made of the fact. Among such cities are Cincinnati, Milwaukee, Buffalo, and Indianapolis. Cadet or pupil teachers have not been included with regular elementary teachers in the tabulations. Substitutes, unless on an annual salary equal to the minimum for regular teachers, have also been omitted, as have teachers on leave of absence, found in a few cities only. 14 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Teachers in kindergartens are not included with elementary teachers, unless so noted, and in no case has such combination been made except where so reported and separation could not be made. Teachers in kindergartens, it will be seen, are usually paid on a lower schedule than regular grade teachers. Teachers in evening schools are not included in the statement for elemen- tary schools, nor are teachers in special schools, such as schools for the deaf and dumb, schools for the blind, schools for truants, schools for backward children, etc. Supervisors and teachers of special branches are not included in the general tables, but are shown separately further along in this report. Thruout these tables all salaries are given by the year. It makes a com- parison, to be sure, of the yearly salaries of teachers regardless of the weeks of actual work the teacher may do, although it is not to be supposed that the teacher can expect the same yearly compensation regardless of whether the school year is 30 weeks or 40 weeks. But the teacher, it must not be for- gotten, teaches to secure a living for twelve months. If the sum paid for the work of teaching is not sufficient for a year 's support, and especially if the vaca- tion is long, the teacher must seek out other means of gaining a livehhood. Such employment is sure to be at the expense of the school work. It inevitably divides the interest of the teacher in the work of the school, or the teacher is called away from the work entirely, and a new teacher with each new year or oftener is the result. The school authorities can unquestionably hire teachers at very low rates ])y the month, and pay for only the number of months desired, but such a pol- icy, whether in city or country schools, is a sacrifice, not of the interests of the teachers primarily, but of those of the pupils. Experience in a teacher adds as greatly to the value of the services rendered as in any skilled occupation, for in spite of some salary statistics here shown which might be looked upon as evi- dence to the contrary, teaching must l)e regarded as a skilled occupation. If the teacher with his experience is to be retained in the profession he must receive a sufficient remuneration for the necessary expenses of a living, not for eight or nine months, but for the entire year In the cities from which the salary reports were secured the weeks of school in the school year varied but little, if a few cases be excepted. Thus, out of 449 cities reporting in regard to the matter, only 12 cities, or less than 3 per cent, reported a school year shorter than 36 weeks, while 172 or 38.3 per cent, had 40 weeks and 137 or 30.5 per cent, had 36 weeks. In 6 cities the school year was 37 weeks, in 86 cities 38 weeks, and in 28 cities 39 weeks. In 8 cities a year longer even than 40 weeks was reported. In a study of the salaries of teachers two bases for comparison suggest them- selves, neither of which is entirely satisfactory. A comparison for cities accord- ing to size will bring together the city with a high cost of living and that with a low cost of living. A comparison according to location will bring together cities differing much in size and with a wide variation also in cost of living. Some of the smaller cities near by the great cities of the country, notably those COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 15 \ close to New York, Philadelphia, and Boston, pay salaries much higher than \ cities of the same size in other parts of the same state. Therefore, while the comparison most naturally thought of is one between cities of approximately the same size, consideration should also be given, in a general way at least, to the matter of living conditions in the cities compared. Satisfactory compari- sons, then, can only be made city by city, and with some general knowledge of conditions in the cities to be compared. As has already been stated, the cities are arranged in the general tables in the order of size as regards population running from largest to smallest For purposes of study the cities have been divided into nine groups according to population, and summary tables made showing totals and averages for each group. These groups and the number of cities in each group have already been given. This grouping, it is reahzed, is purely arbitrary, as a city of 19,000 population might just as properly be compared with one of 20,000 as a city of 21,000 could be. But for any study by summaries some such grouping appears necessary, and the one used here seems entirely fair. The number of cities covered by the summary tables which follow is 467, the number of those from which full reports as to salaries were received. In Tables I to IV, where salaries are shown more in detail, those cities from which partial reports were received are also included. The summary tables which have been made number seven, and are as follows : The first (Table A) summarizes for each group of cities the facts shown more in detail in Table I. The second and third (Tables B and C) summarize Table II and show, respectively, for each group of cities and the United States the number and per cent, of high-school teachers (not including principals) in each salary group. The fourth and fifth (Tables D and E) summarize Table III and show, respectively, for each group of cities and the United States the number and per cent, of principals of elementary schools in each salary group. The sixth and seventh (Tables F and G) summarize Table IV and in like manner show, respectively, for each group of cities and the United States the number and per cent, of teachers (not including principals) of elementary schools in each salary group. An examination of the first of the following summary tables (Table A) shows that the total number of teachers and supervising officers in the 467 cities and towns furnishing full reports in regard to the salaries of the principal classes of teachers was 92,892, Of this number 70,230 or 75.6 per cent, were teachers (not including principals) in elementary schools, and all except 1,500 of the latter number were women. That is to say, the women teachers in elementary schools constitute 74 per cent, of the entire number of persons employed either as teachers or in supervisory positions in connection with the schools of these 467 cities. High-school teachers (not including principals) make up 8,023 or 8.6 per cent, of the whole number and principals of elementary schools 6,213 or 6.7 per cent. i6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION tl o.i (NOO o t 20 't On Ov t^ hI 00 r~ ^1 vo vo ol Ol p) P.I •t r-l J en fe o o vO 00 00 CO MD M '^J- looo 8^;? iO •* Ov W O Qvo % V) XT, vo OvNO |o 00 o- CN 1^0 vO MOO o o t- r- t t^vo ? 6 N Ov t^-O - 0 t ^ On •^ vq_ H (^^ ^ Hvq 00 H J>. q 00 n IZi HOO o r^ X 00 co' vo' t^ ITi to to Tt • H N to r- fOvO NO 00 to vo H O ~ •^OO a r~ 00 O o O r- ■* H H O t^ t- OOO 00 H in w, 00 M- 't NO to vo g -d '^00 H^ o . NOVO vo NO •O to lO >/-i mrt 't t lO •* t t ■^ t HNO vo t z H H ro 't <3 00 't 't t^ H O »o lO 00 t N ^ r- H P) '^ NO 00 Ov t^ t-. to 0 0 o 0 o NO to On t^vO ^ m Tj- o to r- 0 tOvO o ir, r- CO D to to d 00 ^ N O to to vo vO_ vo Ov o q o to vO__ -o t- iz; 00 4 't 1> t^ f^ r^ vo vo" 4 rr, to 4 rf HOO o H H •"I I-" vo t- h H 1^ N ov a >o Tj-NO t^ vo o lo to ^ N 00 00 ^ o> 0 vo 00 »o Q PI ■* to P< o On ro 00 vo r- 00 vo vO vo lOOv 1 P i" M H H H H " " " CN to M H N to 00 H On M H to CO NO Ov lO H vo 0 't 't N 0 PI 00 1^ »o 00 to to o> o o \0 H I-- M IN 't (N 1^ On ^ H vo ^vo o ir, 0 H O. M i> to H Ph d o> Tfvo q. CO -^ t^ tO^ c3 ^ vo H P) 't H ■ O t^ o ^ 00 to NO lOvO PI vo 00 SvvO p) Ov o o 11 O; fO H H <5 H ^. q H M H M to 00 H q M-^ On H t^ £■ qlC 00 q^ t-- l^ to Ov t^ H 1- O 0 O 00 i^ \n NO H t^ 0 to >o NO -^ 0 NO to Ov o ■* -^ •**- ^ 1^ PI Ov c3 00 'O 00 to H NOVO to 't t^ to NO a o t 00 PI o Ovt- woo Ov 1 »oO vO o. vq rrvS" H H to lA Ov toio 00 to lO fj »o 00 IH to u-i to to to 00 ll |3 vO 1^ lO o^o o O.NO ^ lOlO „ Ov^ o o •* 00 TfTt to NO lO Ov sa o to to vo w 00 00 00 >o to P) to 00 vo % HVO lO ^?l Ov to ^ 0 o lO o o t J 00 tr: vq t q (N On HOO or- 00 t^ On*- 00 00 vo l> t-vO vo to On q o 03 H M H H w H H § in ^ ^ ~ fnoo w HVO t^ ^j: to 00 00 NO 00 c-1 o t- CO o PJOO o J>- 1 P) to \r> tOv PO ffl lOlO M O ■* t^ t^ vo ^ H lOVO Ov 00 H o 2 t- t d tn\0 N vo O to NO c to lO 00 00 M m cS H to t H in t^ H to ■o o M H O „ too t O Ov t^ o t t 00 PJ Ov 00 t o \o to 00 Ovli^ ^ M CO 00 o o Ov f- ■^ vo vo H 00 t- t- gj? vo r- ;ai ^ 1 < 1 Pm d rt- to o> •* to 00 to PJ to lO Ov H 0 t lO Ov to o CO PJ -^^ vo to to vo Iz; to to liO ^ ^ • ^ ^ vo vo t^ 00 OvH 0 t^ ■* to «o J~- . <*H 1 -r) , tfl t^ Oi T)- vo ^ Ov t- t Ov p) Num- ber o Teach ers an Super vising Officer o 1> Ov t 00 00 Ov d to d q d 00 ". r^ ■^ ^ vo" =0 to Sv 1 "Hzl 05 1 E°.S4t:3 to •o o 00 CO 't 0 o 00 r- l|3«a-9 N to t^ vo 00 ^ i o "^ t^ H ^ Uh H ^ U. H s Pi. H ^ fe H s t^ H '^ fc. H 5 fc. H 5 u. H % u^ h < P-l - w o H § $ b ^ g c c c J- q 1 8 8 o 8 d o 8 \n I H o 2 o l-l o o to o O o d 8 o 0 o 'c3 o O 8 d 6 q q q q q 8, H o o d d d o t- ■5 ■3 t- oc' COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 17 Aver- age Yearly Salary >0 r- 0000 00 CO 10 avo M 00 10 0 tO.MD to ts to M 't to 10 q ^.S h" h i 0 0 ^ to MO M 00 o> t^ S r^ S5 Ovt- fO MO to c» <5ovO 0. 0 t-vO 10 VO ¥ VO q Total High School Teach- ers r^ M3 t^ 10 r0\O q c^ lo 00 < oi < CO s <: (^ >< < 0 g > 3 (J Pi < U g PL, 2 C ►J u 2; H c < 8 W i w 0 Mi M ro fO ro 0 ^ M CM H H . : .S^ VO 0 CO 10 00 to • to H ■ H _" : ^ to VO CN 0. Ml m fo \0 to LO s; ^-^ 00 -0 ■ H MO CO ■ CO H CO H . : ^S CO Ov 8u-S8 rovo Ov M \0 00 r- 0\ t^ CO ^ ?" >o 0 • 0 ^ Tj- Tl- ■ T ^ ■ TJ- . . • §^ CO 8.^8 H ° fl H ?^ 10 0 t^ s ^°^ ^ ^- r^ m ■ '-' - ^0% VO 0 8.^8 fO 0 ff> ^? VO (N ^ 8^ -t H . CO H . H Tt H to VO . MO H . ■ ^^ ? ««■ 3^© ?^ H sH' H CO T CO r~ t^ H S S' CS N H vO 10 (N CO H H 0) H " VO • • CO to s 2^ R ^g> 00 '^MD M Ov Ov 00 1^ ^ H HOO Ov 00 (SCO to 00 CV) H ror^ 0 10 IN r- OvOO • f- W Ov Tf Tj- CO 00 t IN CV) H MO tNCO ? ^S OJ H ^ t^ HCO to woo ^ ^^ ^ So VO 0 fee mi to 00 10 CO M N ? "? s> ^S; CO H ^ >0 vOOO VO H t- Ov H to Ov vO CO MO 00^ 0 a; 0 ^<| 1 go "1 > C 0 c tLI 1 'a § i ! 2 I 8 1 8 d 0 'C c 0 8 ' C i c c pL, 1 i e2 2 8 5 (i^ 5 i i a ^ 0 I tM 3 0 ■ c 0 flH 1 s H c u. 1 0 1 c 8 0 H 5 00 t^ .| 00 00 •I < tlH MO h NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ° OJ o ^ 0\ o> 0> rO 3«> fOOO 00 «s l-M in o ooo O Ov M 1- -^ 00 H in 00 lO 00 vO f^oo 4oo o Co O >-"T-l ""' rovo CO CO to 00 O O Ov ,9, ^ ^ R 00 o y o> o o IT) 00 o u o 3 ^ ^ o O 3 m^ ^ o Co U 5 o 00 o d 4 O M d t^ H O o fo M >0 >0 J^ t-i O H CO lOvO <^ 00 •* o> d 00 00 •4 00 w d c^vO vO CO 1^ O >o ^^ .^u. s^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 19 Aver- age Year- ly Salary N a 0 -_ of^ CO Tl-vO 10 CO CO 10 -tj- Ov H H r~- VO 0 q t^oo M H in CO TJ- r- M VO q M r^ P» OCOC Ov qo ■* 0. 0 0. Ov VO t^ 00 VO >0 00 >0 to r^ 0 I^ 00 VO 1 H CO P) 0 CO t r^ VO VO Ov Ov 00 Total Princi- pals of Ele- men- tary Schools 1° a i^ Ov P) M t- CO '^ CO covo Ov -t M r^ CO •* CK VO M t^ P) t VO 0 ■* ■* MO 0 lo 0 ■ 1-1 < < > 1 § I < H w a w w 0 < 0 2: Ph b< 0 l°i ^f ;- ^.^ 'O N H 00 to CO P) ■* CO M VO M ■ M H . P) VO M t>. . • 0 P) Ov M P) l°ll ^J-ui N to • 0 00 10 CO t^ M CO 00 M . Tf 10 1^ M ^ "" CO (N • CO t^ ■* CJ CO M 0 • Tt M • 0 tOM 't M . : 8:? CO M vO lO H (N ^ M IT) vO t^ CO 0 ■* t H 00 00 ■ 00 CI • " '■■ M vO 00 M Ov loll 10 fO (N {;; ^°^ 0 0 • 0 t • ■* Ov • Ov • ■ COOO H VO 00 1=11 6^ 3«^ 8 S^°^ % fj^ t^ Ov M 0) M 0 0 M M >OvO Tf H ° C H H ro t^oo 10 'to VO W to ^ 00 0 0 VO M VO CO • CO VO • VO M • M r- r^ 0 t^ 00 fO 0 10 O.VO JC "M 00 M P< CO 00 10 CO CO 00 M M cor^ 1 o, • Ov iOoO CO tt VO 01 H N Ov CO H CO MM t CS Ov (^ M H rj- Tl- M M 00 t^ p) M 0. COM Tt . M t- r^ ^ lil • ■* M irioo ■* H Ov CO "t -+ 00 J?^ P. voa >o 00 10 CO ^ H CO VO 1^ 0 0 VO • Ml :a a °^a Ov M CO CO MM CO M M 10 Ov M M "^ Ov P) Ov M COVO M "" -^ § .<) ^ -^ ^ ^s g^ ^% M PlOO VO P) PI g> 2^^ 00 t^ P) P) P) Ov Ov CO P) - ^J VO to CO 8^1 a • MOO 0 M VO M 0 r- N Ov M M CO H r-. IT) >0 M Tf ^ s<5, vg^ 2^ ^ '^f^ % 2^ ^ °J ?> • ■* ^ ^s S; '"li ^ J?^ ^ s^ s ::^ ^ a^ j;; ?°° r^ p) Ov " 2S •* 0 fe 0 . m 1/1 CO t^ CO ^ :^ 0 0 t-. vg- °°^ 0? ^% CO VO Ov 10 Ov VO M CO 5 ^5 g • cs (N H N M CO M Ov M M 8 "? M ir, % °°^ ^ °^? CO P) 10 lO MP) r^ rt-oo CO CO M M I'll M M CO ■* ■* ts VO Tt- Ov M CO CO 10 CO % ^ic ^ ^? 00 ^ t^ •0 s-il . CO CO P) 0) M CO ^ 10 ^ ^?> % ^t^ 00 00 0 00 m 00 to l^ a 6 -I W 0 fn 'C 1 ' 0 'Z 8 , 0 1 1 J I ' 0 s tM 1 c c ' c \ oc ' 0 C 5 1 'C I ■ c c fa 1 ' 0 c c fa 0 C c oc fa 1 •z < fa 1 VO ■ 20 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION "cS 88 8 88 8 88 8 88 8 88 8 88 8 88 8 88 o o 88 8 88 8 o H 22 8 22 8 22 8 22 8 88 8 88 8 22 8 88 8 88 8 88 8 l^i : % R?5 o M CO 00 H to I o Pi 3 <^^ - t^ "* •^ vo CO to • '^ PI H - ■*00 PI rl- Mi 8§; 8 H MvO O • fO • Ov R^ 00 H vo °- o" vo • '^ • lO . . ■ to H |o|| 6 lO M ^ Ov • o • 2 ■ o fo Ov to ■*00 t^ o> • CO "- ^. t~- ■ 1 PI o t W CO • 4 00 H W vo « 0 m to CO CO ^ to PiOO o CO ■ CO • to • ■ 0 • • • t • o- CO • " : :' H PI Ov hii too 4 vo r- 00 Ov o> H o to VO H CO to ^ vo N 4 to vo -- Ov - ; 00 ■ • vo PI PI o to CO 00 00 Ml 0 O ^ ^ RS PO M ica ■^ COvO <» ^% V? %^ ^ -* • o. '■ ^ to . OO • CO ^S ^ < g > O o H N p. p) PI vo to PI vo PI M . CO • " ■* PI p. O It; O o ^^ *i o &«3^ 3«> •o 0 d lO 4 o> vo GOO t^oo !0 CO t~- P) 4 ^5 4 s Ov PJ CO • vo • PI • t^ O ■ ^ 00 PI lO CO 4 ci Ov CO to Tt O H 't ^s 'a- 00 o t^ ^^ % to r^ vo vO Ov Ov ^ PI H s S : M Ov • 0 • a ■* to HOO CO 8 1 H Ov ■*vO vo to to to ■* vo t " Ov H CO •* ■ " to . " vo •* to 00 fO o -^ i M CO ■^ t o vo 4 to to 0 t to Ov 4 00 00 j> 4 Ov vo O r- J>vO O a CO 4 H 00 >o vo vo Ov ■ CO • r^ CO M CO 00 4 CO o 4 &J d^ • O • M • d H r-vo Tj- XT' PO d\ PI o 00 M 44 CO CO to 00 vO vo' «^ t^ 00 ^ J^OO od 00 CO to ^4 ■* 0 lo % 00 -^ r-. to vd pi Tf 00 o to f^ vd N • 8 CO -^ O Ov '^ o woo vd 4 P< to 4 N CO Qvo to H CO M pi M O. to 00 vo o 8^ to PI • to fO '^ to PI 00 CO H % • LO lo N O fO t^vo ?2s; ? ;i? Ov CO to vo to 00 Ov H M ■=!• ti 00 !>• % Ov H CO to Ov 0 PI lO to t>- •00 ^ fOvO o H -t CO CO i-O to vo vO vO M " ^ ■^ CO CO H CO to " H tvo to •00 • CO • 4 vo '^ 4 ^ lOvO Ov t^ ro to lO MOO '^OO CO 4 Ov p) 4 4 H t^ -° 2 1^ CO R 4 CO P< to 0 pi CO S PI CO 0 CO ■ Ov 5^ fO vO in 't OvOO 00 to M CO CO °§ 00 0 O CO ? CO w CM PI ^ to ^ CO Ov vBS, M CO PI vo lO 00 ?8 M • " vo ro ro CO CO ■* P) Ov ■"^ M 00 QvO i> CO CO vo ■t to to t^ M CO ■*vO to ?a 'Sv 00 ^ 00 00 S 1^^- ? ?^ ^ CO r- CO 00 ^ to to M v88 J7 lo o s M Ov 00 O H o -«■ " to " " H •^ cqoo to PI vo to CO Tl- •^ T^ ^ 't PI (O PI H lO ^ ; d H Ov 4 CO CO 00 t~- p) CO 00 vo OvOO ^ O 00 2g to PI vO o xt-vo H O l^vO vo vglC vd 00 ^ CO o vd t to Ov o PI VO 4 o fc o • vo t^oo Ov to O t^ to V, VOOO M ^li' vo t^ t^ CO Qvo w O to Ov 0 vo CLl • o " H P) H to Ov vo H Ov '^2 o I> to 2 OvvO o vo -^ 00 t Ov '^ lil •00 P) o ^ :^ o SvR S t^OO vo ^^ •^ CO vo vo PI 2, ^^1 M- s? CO • o H t^ to • 00 to PI (O 00 COvO PI 't o 00 Nvo 2 2.H r^ H Ov vo Ml : ^ Ov H ?^ CO O to ^^^ o> CO t~- Ov Ov H r^ CO Ov ^8 vg i^V^ t^ ?S ^ • o P. " "^ ^ to CO 1:1 00 to ■* H M Ov 2 2 ^ M to ■t^ vo SS ■* CO PI ^Ov 8 • o H P, N woo vo CO o ^ CO 00 H H N 00 H to '^ ^^1 • vo % y>v^| ^ 00 vo ^^ Ov '^l;' s; °^% !^ ^R vo s^l ■ ■ 1 • 0 CO t^ 1 to " H o. Tt H 00 H M to VO to 00 wvo Tf s_^ ^^ ^^ ^.^ : m^ m^ ^_^ ^^ ^^ ^f^ : Si WO 6 i 1 • o § 8 •a vo 8 O 1 8 § o d O 8 o O 8 o 00 o 6 J 3 o 6 o o vo to B O o l-l o H 3 o H o O oo' 1 1 i < s 3 e2 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 21 Aver- age Year- Salary ^ HOO s SI fO N IN N CS lO r^ Tj- H "1 00 Ov Ov Ovr- t^ covo OO H LO ^ li VO wo ■<1- vO >o ^ H_^vO vO VO lis ^'oy S2 00 •* ooo 00 00 i^ (5 4 4 t^ ro vq lo 00 'a- J^ VO' VO o vd 'f 1 "^ VO 00 o O cOvO q ^i CO -t t-» O t^ VO (^ f t OviO lo n-vo 1 o < < > M O H Pil < I P4 PL, Q 1 1 w \ 8 W u O! w H iJ w o w 1 1^^ 1? S ^ i S : : 00 ■* ro CV* -5 H IN ro h" " ^ ^^ ^ : : : "" CO . • '■ t^ TT t^ o fe o Jo-go . CO CO ; ; . ; • • : =1 Ov 00 o fc o (N r- ■^ ^ :8 q H S :^ v^ -^ t • (N ■ ir, H t^ lO vOOO J O fe 0 3. °°c^ S. :% ^ :? H :°° 00 • ►J 2 < i g u o g I S j g i H 1-1 8 1 <: H 15 H O H s C6 W Ph o CO vO J> - fj CO 1^ - • •T • - ; :: : %^ 00 Ml 0 M U1 4 N : : CO CO M M ro t-OC d H M - ^2 ^ : : . VO - M . . 2 ■ ■ 0 M M U1 vd <> Ml t^ CO CO 06 i^ . . : R^ 10 0 $I200 or under $1300 0600 ■* 00<3 00 fo N ■ - - t- t^ l> • - • 0 0 00 - ■ 0 ■ - : : : 0 M PI 't 10 pi 1^ PI $1100 or under $1200 fO CO M 0 M M t~. M CM • - M . . ■* 0 t^ M 00 $1000 or under $1100 -t M 2 ? '^. 10 >o t^ 8 ^0 CO • -^ VO - 0 2 ■ ". t^ • • ■ 2 ■ 2 T*^ 4cO CO p So 0 eT ^ 0 § ^.0 0> t- CO OC 00 »o % ^_% 0 M pg VO TT •* pi 4 4 $750 or under $800 n vd vd 4 ■4- o t^ VO ro N M r~ M % S_=S_ CO to pi M - r- VO • >o N 4 CM VO ■* 10 WO 4 10 M M VC covO VO VO a.|8 -2 d t^ M -^VO t- MM vd lor^ CO VO >o 0> 0 M vd -4- CO CO CO 0 d cd lo S R^ >o CO W 00 ■ 10 CM M CO VO (N M M -"t 0 M t^ 0 M 00 0 0 VO VO 0 Ov 4 00 1^ =8 a^- 00 cj u^ 2 vffS 10 CMvd CO VO 0 00 M CM vd OC lA t Ov P) CO vooo U-, cor^ CO 0 fe 0 ■ 00 -00 M 00 CO 2 ^^ JO N w 3. v^;: M vd 10 VO 00 Ov JO N O Ov M CO 0 CM CO CO vd lO CM CO M 2 jsa CS CO CO rj- vd pi J^ O'lo CO 00 PI M lil -00 d ^ °T 10 OM>-- co VO a S 8^ 4 0 dv 0 CO •* Co (M CO dv 0 JO dv 00 CO CO CO 10 Ov -t 10 ^ ^8 00 0 CO .0 NOVO d 4a dv l# d 4 4 CO ^ 8^ CO 10 d N -t Ov CJ >ovo d M N 0f> CM r- VO »0 Ov CM 00 Ov 20.16 21.05 18.20 CO 1^ 10 00 0006 r^ fooc 0 00 0 fe 0 »o Mt3 0 ^ 3^ LO M CO CO d M Ov -00 o t^ Ov P) »0 00 pi dv VO -^ r^ d M pi 0 r > c c fe Total (3 cities) 200,000 to 1,000,000. ...M •1 H 1 8 . 0 § 8 'C c 1 s I ' c •> 1 "C OC c c \ tLl OC ' c tn 1 ' c Mh ' c c U, 0 c c OC U-, 'C 1 •c •< fcm 1 '! VC COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 23 The average salary of high-school teachers (not including principals) was $1,046, the average for the women separately being $903 and for the men sep- arately $1,303. This large difference between the averages for women and men is due to a considerable extent to the fact that such a large per cent, of the men are in the cities of the first two groups, the cities of 200,000 population or over, where salaries are high as compared with those in the city of average size. The average yearly salary of principals of elementary schools was $1,189, the average for women separately being $970, and for men separately $1,542. As in the case of teachers of high schools, the greater average for men is to a considerable extent due to the fact that such a large proportion of the entire number of men are in the larger cities, where salaries are relatively high. The average yearly salary of the teachers in elementary schools was $661, the average for the women separately being $650 and for the men separately $1,161. It will be noticed that more than one-half of the men teachers in elementary schools were in the three greatest cities, where salaries are rela- tively high. An examination of the several groups of cities in Table A shows that, with one exception, the average salaries of all the classes of teachers for the entire groups of cities decrease steadily with the decrease in size of the cities. In the group of cities with population from 20,000 to 30,000 the average salaries of teachers in both high and elementary schools are slightly less than those in the next lower group. The great weight of the few large cities upon the averages for the whole country may be better studied in connection with the summary by states, as a total is there given including certain large cities and another in which the cities are not included. Reference to summary Table C shows that of the 2,874 male teachers (not including principals) in high schools in the 467 cities who receive an average salary of $1,303, 13.33 per cent, received $2,000 or over, and 30.27 per cent, received less than $1,000. Of the 5,149 female teachers in high schools receiv- ing an average salary of $903, only 0.68 per cent, received as much as $2,000, while 67.03 per cent, received less than $1,000 and 35.93 per cent, received less than $750. The $100 group containing the largest percentage of all the male teachers was $1,200 or under $1,300 with 11.86 per cent., while for female teachers it was $650 or under $750 with 17.38 per cent. Summary Table E shows that of the 2,378 male principals of elementary schools in the 467 cities receiving an average salary of $1,542, 24.81 per cent, received $2,000 or over, and 29.11 per cent, received less than $1,000. Of the 3,835 women principals receiving an average salary of $970, 8.13 per cent, received $2,000 or over, while 65.86 per cent, received less than $1,000 and 42.50 per cent, received less than $750; the $100 group containing the largest percentage of all was $600 or under $700 with 18.15 per cent. Summary G shows that of the 1,492 male teachers in elementary schools in 467 cities receiving an average salary of $1,161, 21.98 per cent, received 24 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION $i,6oo or over, while 19.31 per cent, received less than $600. Of the 68,654 women teachers in elementary schools in the 467 cities receiving an average salary of $650, only 0.37 per cent, received as much as $t,6oo, while 44 per cent, received less than $600 and 7.13 per cent, received less than $400; the $100 group containing the largest percentage of all was $450 or under $550 with 20.88 per cent., while 20.55 P^^ c^^^- received $600 or under $700. The summary tables and Table I will now be taken up group by group. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER These cities number but three — New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. The salaries are best compared by reference to Table I, and this can be done without difl&culty because of the small number of cities. Chicago pays the highest salary to its superintendent — $10,000 — but, it may be added. New York, paying $2,000 less, has a much larger number of assistant superintend- ents— 8 "associates" at $5,500 and 26 district superintendents at $5,000, while Chicago has but 6 district superintendents at $4,000. In Philadelphia the superintendent receives $6,000, and has 6 assistant superintendents at $3,000 each. In all the other classes New York leads. In high school salaries Philadelphia ranks Chicago, while in elementary salaries the reverse is true. In the brief table following are shown average salaries for principals and teachers and the two combined for both high and elementary schools. The cities are arranged and numbered according to size as in Table I. NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN NEW YORK, CHICAGO, AND PHILADELPHIA High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 1. New York 2. Chicago 3. Philadelphia 16 6 $4,351 2,960 3,583 643 341 227 $1,749 1,446 1,491 650( 356 233 $1,812 1,510 1,545 418 226 258 $2,777 2,284 1,479 11,247 4,70^ 3,247 $996 823 717 11,665 5,016 3,505 $1,060 889 773 37 $3:663 1,211 $1,615 1,248 $1,676 9D2 $2,282 19,284 $906 20,186 $967 The summary tables preceding (Tables B to G) give the number and per cent, of each class of teachers in "receipt of each classified salary. For example, by reference to Table C it will be seen that while the average yearly salary of male teachers in the high schools of the three great cities in this group was $1,886, 41.77 per cent, received $2,000 or more, and only 19.72 per cent, received less than $1,500. Of the female teachers, the average salary was $1,387, but only 5.02 received as much as $2,000, and 54.71 per cent, received less than $1,500, while 12.3 received less than $1,000. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 25 Summary Table E shows that the average salary for male principals of elementary schools in these three cities was $2,731, but that only 10.78 per cent, received less than $2,000. For the women principals the average salary was $1,927, but 26.05 P^r cent, received less than $1,500. Summary Table G shows that the average salary for 83 1 male teachers in elementary schools in these three cities was $1,443, but that 31.29 per cent. received $1,600 or over, and 16.61 per cent, received less than $1,000. Of the 18,453 women teachers receiving an average salary of $882, only 1.38 per cent, received as much as $1,600, while 80.69 P^^ cent, received less than $1,000 and 27.51 per cent, received less than $750. By reference to Tables II, III, and IV similar comparisons may be made for the individual cities. For example, while it is shown in the foregoing table that in Philadelphia the 3,247 teachers (not including principals) in elementary schools received yearly salaries averaging $717, a reference to Table IV will show that many received salaries much below this average, 775 or 23.9 per cent, of the entire number receiving less than $600, and 480 or 14.8 per cent. $600 or over, but less than $700. Those receiving $700 or over, but less than $Soo, numbered 1,333 ^^ 4^-^ P®^ cent, of the whole. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 . In this group are 16 cities, St. Louis, with a population of 612,279, being the largest, and Minneapolis, with 214,112, the smallest. In the comparison of salaries localities and character of the cities should not be lost sight of. The average yearly salary of superintendent in the group of 16 cities is $4,622, ranging from $6,000 in Boston to $2,500 in New Orleans. Assistant superintendents also were reported as follows: YEARLY SALARIES OF ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENTS City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary 2 2 M M $4 ,000 3 >6oo 4 3-800 6 M 3,780 I I M M 2 ,500 2 ,400 2 2 ,450 I I M M 3 .000 2 ,500 02 2 ,750 bl M 2 ,000 CI F 2 ,000 4 M 1,800 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary St. Louis, Mo. Average Boston, Mass. . Baltimore, Md. Average Cleveland, O.. Average. . . . Buffalo, N.Y. San Francisco, Calif. Cincinnati, O Milwaukee, Wis. Average Detroit, Mich New Orleans, La. , Washington, D. C. Newark, N. J Jersey City, N. J. . Minneapolis, Minn. hi $2 ,500 2 ,500 2 ,400 2 ,000 2 ,300 2 ,500 1 ,500 2 ,500 2 ,500 I ,800 I ,900 1 ,300 2 ,000 2 ,000 a Also supervisors — i M. $2,500, 4 F. average $2,025. b Supervisor of grammar grades. c Supervisor of primary work. d Supervisor of grades. e Also I director of high schools at $2,500. / Also I supervisor of primary work at $1,500. g General supervisor. h Supervisor of grammar and intermediate grades. 26 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION In high schools the average yearly salary for principals for the i6 cities is $2,685, the lowest individual salary $1,260, being paid a woman principal in New Orleans. In Washington the salary paid to all principals of high schools, including two manual training high schools, is $1,800, which is next to the lowest, and there is no graded advance with experience. The highest aver- age salary is $3,818, the average for 11 principals in Boston. The average salary of high school teachers for the 16 cities is $1,230 for both men and women; for men alone it is $1,489, and for women alone $1,056. The lowest average for both men and women is $862, paid in Washington; for men alone Washington is still the lowest, with $897, while for women alone New Orleans is lowest, with $747. The highest average for all high school teachers is $1,853, paid in Boston; the highest for men is $2,406 and for women $1,409, both in Boston. When both principals and teachers in high schools are considered the average for the group is $1,287, and Washington and Boston are still respectively the lowest and highest in rank, with averages of $894 and $1,944. The lowest salary paid any individual high school teacher — the lowest minimum as shown in Table I — is $444, reported as the minimum paid male teachers in Baltimore, Buffalo coming next, with $450 reported as the minimum for any female teacher. The highest individual salary is $3,060, reported in Boston. Coming to elementary schools, the average salary of i ,073 principals in the 16 cities is $1,455, ^^ lowest average being $821 for New Orleans, Washing- ton being next, with $999. The highest average is for Boston, with $3,137. For male principals in elementary schools the average for the group is $1,849, for female principals $1,159. The lowest average for male principals is $975, reported for New Orleans and for female principals is $805, paid also in New Orleans. The lowest reported for any individual male principal is $700 in both Baltimore and Buffalo, and for any female principal $585, in New Orleans. For all elementary teachers the average for the 16 cities is $677, the lowest average being $479 in New Orleans, and the highest $941, in B-oston. For men teachers only the average is $1,151, and for women teachers only $668. The lowest average for men alone is $467 in Louisville, and for women alone $479 in New Orleans. The highest average for men alone is $2,182 in Boston, and for women alone $921 in San Francisco. Perhaps these facts as to highest and lowest salaries and the cities where paid may more easily be compared if presented in tabular form. This is done in the table following: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 27 LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID. FOR 16 CITIES OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 POPULATION Position Lowest Individual Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High-schools : Principals Teachers — men Teachers — women . Elementary schools: Principals — men. . . Principals — women Teachers — men Teachers — women . New Orleans, La . , New Orleans, La... Baltimore, Md. . . . Buffalo, N.Y /Baltimore, Md. \ \Buffalo, N.Y.../- New Orleans, La.. . Baltimore, Md New Orleans, La... $2 ,500 1 ,260 444 450 700 585 348 315 Boston, Mass Boston, Mass Boston, Mass Boston, Mass Boston, Mass Jersey City, N.J Boston, Mass San Francisco, Calif. . $6 ,000 4 ,200 3 ,060 2 ,040 3,180 2 ,400 2 ,460 1 ,500 Position High schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Elementary schools : Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Lowest Average Salary City New Orleans, La. . Washington, D.C. . Washington, D.C. . New Orleans, La New Orleans, La New Orleans, La Amount Highest Average Salary City Amount $1 ,440 862 894 821 479 513 Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass Boston, Mass Boston, Mass, Boston, Mass Boston, Mass $3 ,818 1,853 I ,944 3,137 941 I ,Q20 In order to afford opportunity to compare for all the cities of the group the average salaries paid principals and teachers, both separately and com- bined, in both high and elementary schools, the following table is here presented. The figures for the principals and teachers separately are taken from Table I, where they are found in connection with those for males and females shown separately. The figures for principals and teachers together are not shown elsewhere: NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS , IN THE 16 CITIES OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 POPULATION High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-ge Salary No. Av-ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 4. St. Ivouis, Mo 5. Boston, Mass 6. Baltimore, Md 7. Cleveland, O 8. Buffalo, N.Y 9. San Francisco, Calif. ID. Pittsburg, Pa 11. Cincinnati, O 12. Milwaukee, Wis 13. Detroit, Mich 14. New Orleans, La. . . . 15. Washington, D.C 16. Newark, N. J 17. Jersey City, N.J... . 18. Louisville, Ky 19. Minneapolis, Minn. . 3 II 5 5 3 5 I 3 4 3 3 7 I I 4 4 $3,135 3,818 2 ,400 3 ,100 2 ,500 2,832 3 ,000 2 ,533 2 ,000 2,333 I ,440 1 ,800 3,500 2 ,900 2 ,325 2 ,400 106 7s 142 94 76 64 64 61 los 36 202 46 19 73 138 $1 ,296 1,853 I ,109 1,341 914 1,513 I ,230 I ,369 1,089 I ,082 876 862 I -493 I ,284 I ,076 933 109 234 103 147 ■ 97 81 65 67 65 108 39 209 47 20 77 142 $1 ,347 I ,944 I ,172 I ,401 963 1,594 I ,257 I ,421 I ,157 I ,117 920 804 1,536 I ,365 I ,141 975 8s 58 104 71 62 108 49 51 70 65 no 42 44 45 56 $1 ,839 3,137 I ,084 I ,334 I ,526 1,827 I ,295 I ,714 I ,506 1,253 821 999 1,896 I ,754 1,151 I ,150 I ,262 1,553 1,353 I ,100 I ,101 774 872 804 717 732 597 919 754 549 495 762 $654 941 528 68s 606 926 607 726 632 636 479 637 711 650 504 699 I ,347 I ,611 1,457 I .171 I ,163 827 980 853 802 662 1,029 796 593 540 818 $ 806 I ,020 567 725 655 984 683 782 690 690 676 773 732 SS8 730 Total.... 63 $2 ,685 I ,547 $1 ,230 I ,610 $1 ,287 I ,073 $1 ,455 14,344 $677 15 ,417 $ 732 28 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The number and per cent, of teachers of the several classes in receipt of each classified salary are shown for the group in summary Tables B to G. These summaries may be used for each group in the same manner as has been done in earlier pages for the United States, and for the group made up of the three greatest cities. Similar comparisons may easily be worked out for individual cities from Tables II, III, and IV. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 The cities in this group number 20, Indianapolis, Ind., with a population of 199,033, being the largest, and Lowell, Mass., with 100,150, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent in the 20 cities of the group is $3,688, ranging from $5,000 in IndianapoHs, Rochester, and Denver, to $2,400 in Memphis. Assistant superintendents also were reported as follows: YEARLY SALARIES OF ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENTS City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Indianapolis, Ind M F F F $2,500 2,500 2,000 1,500 Denver, Colo.. . . I I M M $4,000 3,000 Average Providence, R. I 2 bi I I M F M F M 3.500 ai M M F 1,750 2,400 1,800 2,000 Syracuse, N. Y viemphis, Tenn. 1,300 I 800 Omaha, Neb St. Paul, Minn Rochester, N. Y a Supervisor of primary and kindergarten work. h Supervisor of primary vi^ork. The average salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table preceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individual and average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid, are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the following tabular form: LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 100,000 TO 200,000 POPULATION Position Lowest Individual Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High schools: Principals Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Elementary schools: Principals — men. . . Principals — women Teachers — men Teachers — women . Memphis, Tenn. . . St. Joseph, Mo Kansas Citv, Mo. . . Toledo, Ohio St. Joseph, Mo New Haven, Conn., Kansas Citv, Mo. . Rochester, N. Y. New Haven, Conn Syracuse, N. Y. $2 ,400 450 200 585 500 450 Indianapolis, Ind . Rochester, N.Y. Denver, Colo. fNew Haven, Conn. "I \Denver, Colo. j Worcester, Mass Providence, R. I Allegheny, Pa Denver, Colo Los Angeles, Calif. . . . Denver, Colo $5 ,000 2 ,300 2 ,000 2 ,100 2 ,000 I ,000 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 29 Lowest Average Salarv Highest Average Salary Position City Amount City Amount High schools: Principals St. Joseph, Mo Memphis, Tenn Rochester, N.Y New Haven, Conn — St. Joseph, Mo St. Joseph, Mo $1 ,495 817 891 724 477 522 New Haven, Conn — Providence, R.I Providence, R. I Allegheny, Pa Denver, Colo f Allegheny, Pa. \ IDenver, Colo, j "' $3 ,200 Teachers I ,253 Principals and teachers I ,313 Elementary schools: Principals I ,862 Teachers 762 Principals and teachers 812 Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN THE 20 CITIES OF 100,000 TO 200,000 POPULATION High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Ay'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge ■ Salary No. Av'g-e Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-ge Salary 20. Indianapolis, Ind. . . . 21. Providence, R. I. . . . 22. Kansas City, Mo 23. St. Paul. Minn 24. Rochester, N.Y 25. Toledo, Ohio 26. Denver, Colo 27. Allegheny, Pa 28. Columbus, Ohio. . . . 29. Worcester, Mass 30. Los Angeles, Calif. . . 31. New Haven, Conn.. . 32. Syracuse, N.Y 33. Fall River, Mass 34. Memphis, Tenn 35. Omaha, Neb 36. Paterson, N. J 37. St. Joseph, Mo 38. Scranton, Pa 39. Lowell, Mass 2 4 4 4 I 2 4 I 4 3 2 I 2 I I I 2 I I $2 ,550 2 ,500 2,438 2 ,250 2 ,6do 1,750 2 ,925 2 ,000 1,829 3 ,000 2 ,600 3 ,200 2 ,750 3 ,000 1 ,500 2 ,400 2 ,300 1 ,495 2 ,500 3 ,000 78 80 no 79 69 39 100 22 70 70 53 55 56 21 23 28 26 30 $1 ,027 I ,253 970 976 866 I ,050 I ,218 I ,080 1 ,120 I ,051 1 ,222 915 936 I ,090 817 I ,014 1 ,004 857 1.185 915 80 84 114 83 70 41 104 23 74 73 55 56 58 22 14 52 24 30 27 31 $1 ,065 I ,313 I ,021 I ,037 891 I ,084 I ,284 I ,120 I ,158 I ,131 I ,272 956 998 1,177 866 I ,040 I ,058 900 I ,233 982 36 83 48 42 31 34 46 21 33 33 59 29 33 47 II 34 19 32 36 42 $979 919 1,307 I ,121 I ,187 964 1,386 1,862 I ,116 I ,005 I ,294 724 1,215 800 I ,060 I ,119 1,563 795 878 935 517 406 486 446 444 362 532 328 390 427 497 346 394 317 128 283 305 192 306 215 $582 593 592 644 549 589 762 745 546 575 697 536 579 493 534 632 580 477 555 595 553 489 534 488 475 396 578 349 423 460 556 375 427 364 139 317 324 224 342 257 $608 649 657 68s 591 621 812 812 606 76i 551 628 533 575 684 637 522 580 651 Total 42 $2 ,418 1 ,073 $1 ,044 I ,115 |i ,096 749 $1 ,087 7,321 $603 8,070 $648 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 The cities in this group number 38, Portland, Oregon, with a population of 98,655, being the largest, and Yonkers, N. Y., with 52,701, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent for the 31 cities out of the 38 in this group reporting the salary of superintendent is $2,990, ranging from $4,000 in Seattle, Wash., and Springfield, Mass., to $2,050 in Norfolk, Va. Only two cities reported assistant superintendents, Oakland, Calif., and Springfield, Mass., each having one at $2,000. The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table (Table A) preceding and need not be repeated here. 30 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The lowest and highest individual average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the following tabular form: LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 50,000 TO 100,000 POPULATION Position Lowest Individual Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High schools: Principals Teachers — men . . . Teachers — women Elementary schools: Principals — men. . Principals — women Teachers — men . . . Teachers — women Norfolk, Va Wilmingtoii, Del . . Wilmington, Del. . Kansas City, Kans Kansas City, Kans Wilmington, Del. . Nashville, Tenn... Atlanta, Ga $ 2 ,050 Soo 360 540 400 350 250 [Seattle, Wash. 1. Springfield, Mass. I Cambridge, Mass. Albany, N.Y. New Bedf 'd, Mass. Somerville, Mass. Springfield, Mass. Duluth, Minn. Albany, N.Y Springfield, Mass . . . Cambridge, Mass. . . .Yonkers, N.Y. J Cambridge, Mass. Oakland, Calif. '■ Springfield, Mass. Cambridge, Mass. . , Hoboken, N.J $4 ,000 3, coo 2 ,500 I ,500 2 ,500 2 ,000 I ,400 I ,200 Position Lowest Average Salary City Amount Highest Average Salary City Amount High schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Elementary schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Camden, N. J. . Richmond, Va. . Richmond, Va.. Wilmington, Del Erie, Pa Erie, Pa $1 ,400 609 668 614 431 458 (Cambridge, Mass. Albany, N.Y New Bedf 'd, Mass. Somerville, Mass. Duluth, Minn. Oakland, Cahf /Oakland, Calif. INew Bedf 'd, Mass. Hoboken, N.J Oakland, CaHf Oakland, Cahf $3 ,000^ I ,269 I ,331 1 ,800 866 933 Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table. As has already been said the cities are arranged and numbered according to size as in Table I. The numbers missing from the list of cities are those cities from which full reports were not received. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 31 NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN 38 CITIES OF 50,000 TO 100,000 POPULATION High Schools 1 Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 40. Portland, Ore I $2 ,000 22 $ 986 23 $1 ,030 27 $1 ,252 304 $684 331 $731 41. Cambridge, Mass. . . ?> 3 ,000 60 I ,030 63 1,124 34 I ,230 267 680 301 742 42. Atlanta, Ga 2 I ,875 20 1,038 22 I ,114 22 I ,009 217 517 239 562 43. Albany, N.Y I 3 .000 29 I ,050 30 I ,115 22 I ,605 224 586 246 677 44. Dayton, Ohio I 2 ,000 34 i>093 35 I ,119 22 1,425 319 547 341 604 45. Seattle, Wash I 1,850 50 I ,027 SI I ,043 24 1,348 297 755 321 862 46. Grand Rapids, Mich. 2 2 ,300 40 913 42 979 34 866 288 608 322 635 48. Richmond, Va 2 I ,650 33 609 35 668 16 I ,336 224 439 240 498 49. Reading, Pa 2 I ,600 18 I ,044 20 I ,100 317 483 317 483 SO. Nashville, Tenn 2 I ,725 16 I ,022 18 1 ,100 10 I ,140 201 539 211 568 51. Wilmington, Del 2 i>55o 20 710 22 786 25 614 222 432 247 4SO 52. Camden, N. J 1 ,400 18 889 19 916 33 914 270 526 303 568 53. Bridgeport, Conn... . 2 ,500 18 886 19 971 21 087 204 548 225 589 54. Trenton, N. T 2 ,300 17 800 18 883 24 913 199 .507 223 S50 55. Troy N.Y 2 ,500 2 ,500 18 983 I ,056 19 33 1 ,063 I ,144 37 38 727 843 135 495 S86 172 545 632 56. Lynn, Mass 31 174 212 57- Oakland, CaHf 2 ,505 ^8 I ,269 40 1,331 18 I ,717 210 866 228 933 58. New Bedford, Mass. 3 .000 IS I ,220 16 1,331 26 981 174 611 200 650 59. Somerville, Mass 3 .000 39 I ,126 41 1 ,217 23 I ,383 222 647 245 716 60. Lawrence, Mass 2 ,800 23 872 24 952 23 188 501 211 543 61. Springfield, Mass 2,850 43 1,084 45 I ,162 25 I ,204 243 596 268 6S3 63. Savannah, Ga 2 ,000 8 I ,388 9 I ,456 12 I ,600 115 523 127 624 64. Hoboken, N. J 2 ,000 8 990 9 I ,102 9 I ,800 183 630 X92 693 65. Peoria, 111 2 ,500 I ,800 22 977 23 I ,043 17 I ,576 245 537 262 604 66. Evansville, Ind 15 953 185 546 200 577 67. Manchester, N.H... . 2 ,200 16 841 17 921 16 I ,056 108 522 124 591 68. Uaca, N.Y 2 ,500 I ,800 20 900 I ,092 21 976 I ,142 18 817 I ,037 170 499 579 188 530 650 69. San Antonio, Tex. . . 13 14 25 136 161 70. Duluth, Minn 3 -000 22 919 23 I ,010 15 I ,030 222 594 237 621 71. Salt Lake City, Utah. 2 ,000 28 846 30 923 22 1,253 277 ■;62 299 613 72'. Waterbury, Conn... . 2 ,300 18 867 19 942 14 933 162 551 176 582 73. Elizabetti, N. J 2 ,700 16 84s 17 954 9 I ,556 116 559 125 631 74. Erie, Pa . . 18 990 925 19 17 1,048 982 17 18 745 974 180 431 504 197 164 458 556 76. Wilkesbarre, Pa I ,900 16 146 77. Kansas City, Kans. . I ,500 22 790 23 821 21 835 154 486 175 528 78. Norfolk, Va 2 ,000 9 883 10 995 12 I ,133 88 477 100 555 79. Harrisburg, Va 2 ,000 16 963 17 I ,024 33 702 138 459 171 506 80. Yonkers, N.Y 2 ,900 22 I ,116 23 I ,193 16 I ,203 171 704 187 747 Total 51 $2 ,248 876 $981 927 $1 ,051 793 $1 ,075 7,695 $572 8,488 $619 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 The cities in this group number 58, Holyoke, Mass., with a population of 48,736, being the largest, and La Crosse, Wis., with 30,038, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent for the 53 cities in the group reporting in regard to that item is $2,419, ranging from $3,600 in Butte, Mont., to $1,500 in Jacksonville, Fla., and Joplin, Mo. The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table (Table A) preceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individual and average yearly salaries and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the fol- lowing tabular form: 32 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 30,000 TO 50,000 POPULATION Lowest Individual Salary Highest Individual Salary Position City Amount City Amount Superintendents r Jacksonville, Fla. "1 (.Joplin, Mo. J Lancaster, Pa Knoxville, Tenn r Elmira, N.Y. 1 1 Chelsea, Mass. / ' • Jacksonville, Fla Montgomery, Ala Dubuque, la Knoxville, Tenn $1,500 600 475 300 320 240 250 200 Butte, Mont $3,600 High schools : Principals . . Newton, Mass Newton, Mass Covington, Ky f Holyoke, Mass. 1 -1 Newton, Mass. [. . [ Brockton, Mass. J Bayonne, N. J jHolyoke. Mass. \ \Butte, Mont. J ' ' Butte, Mont 3,250 Teachers — women 1,250 Elementary schools: Principals — m.en .... ... 2 000 Principals — women I 900 Teachers — men 900 Lowest Average Salary Highest Average Salary Position City Amount City Amount High Schools: Principals . . . Knoxville, Tenn Knoxville, Tenn Knoxville, Tenn Jacksonville, Fla Jacksonville, Fla Jacksonville, Fla $855 540 607 493 321 350 Newton, Mass Newton, Mass Newton, Mass Bayonne, N. J.. . . . . . Butte, Mont Butte, Mont $3,250 Teachers Principals and teachers 1,291 Elementary schools: Principals 1,900 Teachers 823 850 Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN 58 CITIES OF 30,000 TO 50,000 POPULATION High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-.^e Salary 83. Holyoke, Mass 84. Youngstown, Ohio . . 85. Fort Wayne, Ind... . 86. Akron, Ohio 87. Tacoma, Wash 88. Covington, Ky 89. Lancaster, Pa 90. Lincoln, Neb 92. Brockton, Mass 93. Schenectadv, N.Y... 94. Pawtucket, R. I 95. Birmingham, Ala 97- Spokane, Wash 98. Altoona, Pa 99. Augusta, Ga 100. Saginaw, Mich 104. Wheeling, W.Va.... 106. Johnstown, Pa 107. Haverhill, Mass $2 ,400 2 ,200 2 ,000 i,8oo i,8oo 1 ,600 863 2 .000 2 ,100 2 ,000 2 ,200 I ,21s I ,500 1,485 I ,800 1,800 I ,600 1 ,300 2 ,300 21 13 14 21 19 6 8 29 20 17 10 13 28 J 9 10 18 $ 921 1,154 913 879 924 917 616 ' 731 III 960 658 937 805 675 815 743 819 908 22 14 15 22 20 7 12 30 21 18 II 15 29 10 5 19 ID II 19 $1 ,036 I ,229 98s 920 968 1,157 698 773 f.l 1,073 732 957 873 IT, III 982 12 18 IS 13 19 19 16 17 9 20 10 19 12 7 12 8 22 16 $1 ,321 I ,017 86o 969 1, 124 ■■567 766 1,128 811 772 875 997 866 I ,104 9o8 1,288 732 869 133 152 125 167 89 89 107 152 117 120 89 187 137 82 88 126 118 119 $607 474 500 570 419 561 557 503 525 426 646 443 450 457 473 522 528 145 170 140 186 186 89 108 12^ 169 126 140 ^l 206 149 89 100 134 140 135 $666 544 539 535 714 5 70 445 587 622 560 472 678 477 502 S06 555 568 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 33 NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN s8 CITIES OF 30,000 TO 50,000 FOPVLATION— Continued High Schools Elementary Schools CiTV Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'g-e Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 108. Terre Haute, Ind. . . . 109. Allentown, Pa no. McKeesport, Pa 111. Dubuque, la 112. Davenport, la 114. Salem, Mass 115. Elmira, N.Y 116. Maiden, Mass 117. Bayonne, N. J 118. Superior, Wis 119. York, Pa 120. Newton, Mass 121. Springfield, 111 122. Butte, Mont 123. Chester, Pa 3 65 $1 ,700 I ,200 1 ,450 2 ,000 1 ,800 2 ,500 2 ,300 2 ,400 I ,900 1,368 I ,500 3,250 1 ,800 2 ,200 I ,425 2,800 I 620 'Vs 1 ,600 2 ,000 I ,500 1 ,045 2 ,000 I ,400 I ,900 I ,520 1 ,200 2 ,000 1 ,800 2 ,500 I ,800 I ,200 I ,080 I ,200 1 ,500 2 ,500 I ,700 24 13 7 13 17 17 21 24 10 13 12 21 18 18 12 16 22 23 II 12 19 7 II 8 II 16 5 6 18 13 13 14 10 9 8 12 II $ 809 842 906 862 935 982 605 960 905 774 679 1.245 906 1,028 689 916 767 941 540 925 720 791 683 909 761 877 870 640 I ,018 663 931 819 762 592 '"632 788 1,083 743 25 14 8 14 18 18 22 25 II 15 13 22 19 19 13 17 23 24 14 13 20 9 9 12 9 12 17 6 7 19 14 14 15 II 10 9 13 12 $ 844 637 974 943 983 I ,067 682 1,018 m 742 1 ,291 952 1 ,090 745 I ,026 804 981 607 977 784 836 763 I ,000 832 963 908 733 1,159 722 I ,043 889 791 636 "'689 867 I ,192 822 23 16 9 9 13 21 ID 15 7 9 10 22 14 15 4 12 21 9 10 II 16 5 12 18 12 8 14 19 9 17 12 9 10 12 21 6 17 12 6 $873 646 1,189 1,144 I ,169 931 1,31s I ,180 I ,900 957 504 I ,400 1,139 1,137 701 I ,069 841 I ,022 584 1,118 738 650 833 819 940 493 1 ,375 816 742 1,322 738 624 649 848 629 1,238 1,242 162 108 135 100 X 114 127 147 116 108 149 102 156 126 117 121 11 100 112 93 76 III 113 III 123 92 .11 94 98 97 84 95 79 6c 99 lie $522 486 502 455 520 570 423 585 582 555 391 659 510 823 437 552 495 644 390 558 477 484 III 420 572 536 321 525 450 419 494 546 390 433 387 453 764 477 185 124 144 109 160 no 124 142 154 125 118 171 116 171 130 129 142 86 90 III 128 98 88 129 125 119 137 III 88 182 106 107 107 96 116 85 77 III 116 $565 506 545 511 573 639 495 647 642 584 400 lU 850 124. Chelsea, Mass 125. Topeka, Kans 126. Fitchburg, Mass. . . . 127. Knoxvillc, Tenn 128. East St. Louis, 111. . . 129. Rockford, lU 130. Atlantic City, N. J. . . 131. Montgomery, Ala. . . 132. Taunton, Mass 133. Newcastle, Pa 134. Passaic, N. J 135. Canton, O 600 546 683 411 631 457 492 383 527 460 588 578 350 612 484 456 564 564 419 492 815 517 136. Jacksonville, Fla 137. Galveston, Tex 138. Sioux City, la 139. Auburn, N.Y 140. Racine, Wis 141. South Omaha, Neb. . 143. Joliet, 111 144. Chattanooga, Tenn. . 145. Woonsocket, R. I... . 146. Sacramento, Calif. . . 147. La Crosse, Wis Total $1 ,682 810 $850 875 $912 759 $922 6,642 S517 7,401 $558 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 The cities in this group number 74, Oshkosh, Wis., with a population of 29,919, being the largest, and Sandusky, Ohio, with 20,021, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent for the 67 cities reporting in regard to this item is $2,313, ranging from $4,000 in Brookline, Mass., to $1,500, which is paid in five cities — Newport News, Va.; Roanoke, Va.; Columbus, S. C; Bangor, Me.; Warwick, R. I. The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table (Table A) preceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individual and average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the following tabular form: i 34 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 20,000 TO 30,000 POPULATION Lowest iNDrvrouAL Sat.ary Highest Individual Salary Position City Amount City Amount Superintendents ' Newport News,Va. ] Roanoke, Va. ■ Columbia, S. C. Bangor, Me. . Warwick, R.L J /New Albany, Ind. 1 \Springfield, Mo. J $1,500 720 4SO 360 40s 325 315 225 Brookline, Mass Brookline, Mass Brookline, Mass San Jose, Calif East Orange, N.J... . Brookline, Mass San Jose, CaHf f Pueblo, Colo. 1 \ Evanston, 111. /■• $4,000 3,500 High schools: Principals Teachers — women Bangor, Me Newport News, Va. . . Concord, N.H Springfield, Mo Cedar Rapids, la 1,320 2,500 Elementary schools: Principals — men 840 9SO Teachers — women Position Lowest Average Salary City Amount Highest Average Salary City Amount High schools : Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Elementary schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Columbia, S.C... Columbia, S. C. . . Columbia, S.C... Oswego, N. Y Springfield, Mo. . . Springfield, Mo . . . 495 574 491 353 378 Brookline, Mass. . . . Newport, R. I Brookline, Mass. . . . East Orange, N. J. . . San Jose, Calif San Jose, Calif $3,500 1,296 1,550 2,267 760 810 Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN 74 CITIES OF 20,000 TO 30,000 POPULATION High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 148. Oshkosh, Wis 150. Williamsport, Pa 151. Pueblo, Colo 153. New Britain, Conn. . 154. Everett, Mass 155. Cedar Rapids, la 157. Bay City, Mich 158. Fort Worth, Tex.... 159. Easton, Pa 160. Gloucester, Mass. . . 161. West Hoboken, N.J. 162. North Adams, Mass. 163. Jackson City, Mich.. 164. Kalamazoo, Mich. . . 165. Quincy, Mass 166. Hamilton, Ohio 168. Kingston, N. Y 169. Newburg. N. Y.... 170. Aurora, III $1 ,500 I ,700 1 ,600 2 ,700 2 ,500 I ,550 I ,600 I ,500 1 ,400 2 ,300 2 ,500 I ,200 I ,300 2,200 1 ,700 2 ,150 1,500 1,550 12 5 12 12 12 17 18 14 II 13 3 9 ID 18 17 9 14 14 18 $ 681 766 864 829 871 744 800 869 1,055 777 I ,050 769 695 696 738 792 777 775 764 13 6 13 13 \l 19 15 12 14 3 10 12 :§ 10 16 15 20 $ 744 922 921 973 996 788 842 911 1,083 886 I ,050 942 779 728 819 883 948 823 843 10 20 7 9 15 ID 9 10 14 19 4 9 14 9 8 8 7 5 5 $1 ,010 723 949 714 668 I ,064 759 605 I ,176 692 617 683 I ,400 962 1 ,014 1 ,220 805 74 84 72 66 119 112 74 79 8S 86 77 86 67 76 109 75 70 85 64 $479 448 60s 451 528 tl 516 til Tel 473 410 482 483 486 463 532 84 104 79 75 134 122 83 89 99 105 81 11 85 117 83 77 69 $543 1°' 635 482 575 459 445 578 484 428 III 498 439 544 529 534 505 552 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 35 NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN 74 CITIES OF 20,000 TO 30,000 POPULATION— CowimMec^ City High Schools _, . . , rj. I. Principals Principals Teachers and Teachers Av'ge Salary Av"ge Salary Av'ge Salary Elementary Schools Principals Teachers andTeSIrs Av'ge Salary Av'ge Salary Av'ge Salary 171. Lima, Ohio 172. Nashua, N. H 173. Meriden, Conn 174. Jamestown, N. Y.. . 175. Wichita, Kans 176. Waltham, Mass 177. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 178. Muncie, Ind 179. Lewiston, Me 181. Cohoes, N. Y.. 182. Zanesville, Ohio. . . . 183. Bloomington, 111 184. Newport News, Va.. 185. Colorado Spr., Col... 186. Sheboygan, Wis. . . . 187. East Orange, N. J... 188. Elgin, 111 189. Watertown, N. Y . . . 190. Springfield, Mo 191. Austin, Texas 193. Burlington, Iowa. ... 194. Clinton, Iowa 195. Pittsfield, Mass 196. Roanoke, Va 197. Amsterdam, N. Y.. . 198. Anderson, Ind 199. Norristown, Pa 200. Columbia, S. C 20 1- Newport, R. I 202. Decatur, 111 203. Bangor, Me 204. Waco, Texas 205. San Jose, Cal 206. Oswego, N. Y 207. Warwick, R. I 208. Brookline, Mass. . . . 209. Niagara Falls, N. Y. 210. Shenandoah, Pa 214. Rock Island, 111 215. Evanston, 111 216. Leavenworth, Kans. 217. Port Huron, Mich... 218. Paducah, Ky 219. Madison, Wis 220. Chicopee, Mass 222. New Albany, Ind. . 223. New Brunswick, N.J. 224. Concord, N. H 225. Medford, Mass 226. Muskegon, Mich. . .. 227. Battle Creek, Mich.. 228. Winona, Minn 229. Perth Amboy, N. J.. 230. Green Bay, Wis 232. Sandusky, Ohio Total $1 ,500 2 ,000 2 ,000 1 ,800 1 ,300 2 ,000 2 ,000 1 ,260 1 ,800 1 ,250 1,450 1 ,600 900 1,900 1,400 2,900 1,550 2,000 1,260 1,500 1,500 1,850 2,000 1,125 1,800 1,600 1,800 810 2,750 1,600 2,200 1,155 2,640 1,600 3,500 1,800 900 1,500 1,575 1,200 1,200 2,000 1,800 968 1,500 2,400 2,000 1,700 1,500 1,600 1,100 1,413 1,200 80 $1,691 820 $798 900 $ 625 767 742 700 714 900 819 690 664 705 656 813 630 1 ,009 735 1,144 812 736 653 738 73Q 739 804 739 714 790 723 495 1,296 688 683 745 1,284 525 1,'i 707 619 795 792 713 600 697 783 639 828 778 882 836 621 813 $ 723 890 838 765 753 973 904 734 806 841 717 859 684 1,065 795 1,242 849 820 739 802 798 840 924 788 850 848 813 574 I,. 504 736 784 827 1,407 615 1,550 775 675 859 923 767 750 766 929 721 895 925 944 897 87s 836 890 734 $ 697 720 1,123 648 670 858 653 630 I ,500 630 555 705 567 1,076 1,067 2,267 722 548 585 889 1,014 738 925 823 800 644 750 653 884 705 1,125 842 1,321 491 765 1,314 863 '768 975 743 515 700 645 544 765 719 598 1,500 494 547 769 808 581 664 $393 416 490 440 419 594 474 495 419 472 525 471 409 730 458 660 497 373 353 504 474 437 429 392 543 499 442 360 531 466 413 576 769 383 429 711 443 398 456 716 447 392 407 448 418 440 460 476 583 417 447 485 459 459 430 $877 666 $794 5,001 $479 5,667 91 53 94 70 100 74 67 69 60 45 83 86 49 107 69 81 86 95 73 50 103 65 107 58 57 74 58 41 64 70 81 72 93 75 69 90 83 55 73 51 60 73 63 60 77 69 54 47 80 69 60 66 65 69 62 $423 444 564 475 452 633 500 Sio 442 S03 528 SOI 42 s 775 5" 779 523 392 378 550 532 479 480 444 566 518 474 389 581 503 431 613 810 41S 497 784 483 398 495 746 486 413 430 477 433 492 489 505 641 432 462 519 490 476 457 $516 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 15,000 TO 20,000 The cities in this group number 60, Marion, Ind., with a population of 19,908, being the largest, and Ogdensburg, N. Y., with 15,033, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent for the 55 cities reporting is $2,034, ranging from $4,000 in Montclair, N. J., where the superintendent acts as principal of the high school also, to $440 in Danville, Va. 36 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table (Table A) preceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individud and average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the following tabular form: LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 15,000 TO 20,000 POPULATION Position Lowest iNDrvrouAL Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High schools: Principals Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Elementary schools: Principals — men. .. Principals — women Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Danville, Va Danville, Va. . . . Asheville, N. C. . Columbus, Ga. . . Danville, Va. . . . Lebanon, Pa. . . . / Ogden, Utah \ Atchison, Kans Burlington, Vt... $440 720 450 31S 360 352 360 216 Plainheld, N. J Stamford, Conn Ann Arbor, Mich Montclair, N. J Berkeley, Cal Montclair, N.J /Union, N. J. INew Rochelle,N.Y /New Rochelle,N.Y \Montclair, N. J. a$3,8oo 02,300 1,700 1,600 1,800 1,500 800 900 Position Lowest Average Salary City Amount Highest Average Salary City Amount High schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers. Elementary schools: Principals Teachers Principals and teachers Danville, Va. . Danville, Va. . Danville, Va. . Lebanon, Pa. . Key West, Fla Lebanon, Pa. . 720 405 510 42 s 316 360 Stamford, Conn, Berkeley, Calif.. Lafayette, Ind. . Berkeley, Calif.. Alameda, Calif., Alameda, Calif., a$2,3oo 1,222 &i,5oo 1,307 785 825 a Not including one city m which the superintendent is also principal of the high school (Montclair, N. J., $4,000). h Employ principal only. Highest average where both principal and teachers are employed — Berkeley, Calif., $1,263. Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 37 NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN 60 CITIES OF 15,000 TO 20,000 POPULATION City High Schools Principals Teachers andTeSers -, AvVe No. Salary No. Salary No. Av'ge Salary Elementary Schools Principals Teachers andTeachIrs No. AvVe ., Salary No. Av'g-e ., Salary No. Av'ge Salary 233. Marion, Ind 234. Burlington, Vt 235. Northampton, Mass 236. Gloversville, N. Y... 237. Galesburg, 111 238. Central Falls, R. I.. 240. Ottumwa, Iowa 241. Lorain, Ohio 242. Shamokin, Pa 243. Newark, Ohio 244. Portsmouth, Ohio. . 247. Mansfield, Ohio 248. Richmond, Ind 249. New London, Conn. 250. Lafayette, Ind 252. Lebanon, Pa 253. E. Liverpool, Ohio.... 255. Stockton, Calif 256. San Diego, Calif 257. Great Falls, Mont. . . 258. Belleville, 111 259. Alameda, Calif 260. Danville, 111 261. Columbus, Ga 26?. Portsmouth, Va 263. Marinette, Wis 264. El Paso, Texas 265. Eau Claire, Wis 266. Lansing, Mich 267. Braddock, Pa 268. Danville, Va 269. Logansport, Ind 270. Shreveport, La 271. Key West, Fla 272. Starpford, Conn 273. Lockport, N. Y 274. Ogden, Utah 276. Plainfield, N.J 277. Union, N. J 279. New Rochelle, N. Y. 280. Berkeley, Calif 281. Elkhart, Ind 282. Atchison, Kans 283. Parkersburg, W. Va. 284. Pottsville, Pa 285. Michigan City, Ind.. 286. Appleton, Wis 287. Fond du Lac, Wis. . . 288. Ann Arbor, Mich. . . 289. Asheville, N. C 291. Bradford, Pa 292. Jacksonville, 111 293. Sedalia, Mo 294. Montclair, N. J 295. Rome, N. Y 296. Alton, 111 297. Middletown, N. Y... 300. Hazelton, Pa 301. Waterloo, Iowa 302. Ogdensburg, N. Y. . Total (a) ib) $1,500 2 ,200 1 ,700 1 ,600 2 ,000 1 ,600 1 ,500 1 ,200 1 ,200 1 ,400 1 ,200 1 ,500 1 ,500 (a) 1 ,500 1 ,000 1.350 2 ,250 I ,600 I ,300 I ,300 I ,925 I ,250 I ,200 I ,200 I ,000 I .350 I ,750 I ,400 I ,350 720 1 ,200 1 ,800 2 ,300 1 ,800 1 ,200 2 ,000 1 ,600 1 ,800 2 ,000 1 ,420 900 998 I ,700 1 ,200 1 ,500 1 ,300 1 ,800 I ,100 1,450 I ,200 I ,260 (b) 1 ,700 1 ,500 1 ,600 1 ,200 990 1 ,800 (a) f 830 667 705 627 726 773 770 699 839 733 900 630 883 (a) 685 731 1,018 923 906 880 I ,063 712 587 625 608 883 665 671 741 405 692 969 i ,068 768 781 892 836 831 1 ,222 702 585 737 975 771 687 708 939 446 726 680 614 1,073 604 850 863 668 540 742 (a) I 6 9 12 15 7 6 13 10 6 3 9 10 13 14 5 3 9 5 5 886 785 788 708 797 938 836 761 884 800 938 703 931 (a) I ,500 738 800 1 ,121 968 963 950 I ,130 766 689 817 651 930 748 723 863 510 748 I ,134 I ,180 854 816 I ,003 929 900 1 ,263 773 664 802 I ,120 843 795 754 983 576 791 732 686 I ,073 761 943 I ,010 744 596 893 $ 785 619 I ,100 575 714 560 670 758 617 558 599 698 787 800 971 425 560 1,095 I ,050 841 725 I ,293 750 I ,125 900 579 994 659 525 833 614 693 698 680 1,172 650 778 830 I ,200 I ,140 I ,307 615 585 663 702 521 I ,150 621 575 576 700 668 578 1,208 579 756 621 624 612 492 $525 422 452 424 468 450 422 466 381 430 404 402 554 481 544 346 365 751 694 749 458 785 416 515 409 422 712 409 404 491 351 470 512 316 492 425 418 567 542 675 735 476 408 419 418 487 418 428 446 354 434 495 361 654 419 481 454 432 454 378 $1 ,464 502 $ 799 $ 869 421 $ 733 3 ,077 $486 3,498 $552 452 480 448 495 468 449 494 404 448 428 439 585 505 582 360 391 812 733 761 485 825 456 579 450 442 742 458 426 520 377 489 533 372 560 457 460 591 556 706 784 495 427 454 471 490 447 458 468 382 46.5 515 392 713 447 528 478 457 488 397 $515 a No high schools, two endowed schools giving pupils from grammar schools a high school education free. b Principal also superintendent of schools. 38 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 10,000 TO 15,000 The cities in this group number no, Kankakee, 111., with a population of 14,966, being the largest, and Beaver Falls, Pa., with 10,150, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent in the 106 cities reporting that item is $1,883, ranging from $3,250 in Morristown, N. J., where the superintendent acts as principal of the high school also, to $1,000 in Galena, Kans. The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary (Table A) preceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individual and average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the following tabular form: LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 15,000 POPULATION Position Lowest Individual Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High schools: Principals Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Elementary schools: Principals Principals — women Teachers — men . . . . Teachers — women . Galena, Kans Galena, Kans Columbia, Pa Mt. Carmel, Pa Owensboro, Ky Huntington, W. Va. . . Charleston, W.Va... Charleston, W. Va.. . $1,000 560 360 270 405 300 393 180 Morristown, N. J . . Westfield, Mass La Salle, 111 Westfield, Mass.. . . Harrison, N. J Portsmouth, N. H. . Fresno, Calif Harrison, N.J a$3.25o 2,60:) 1,753 I,2O0 i,7oj I,2O0 I,C4S 1,000 Lowest Average Salary Highest Average Salary Position City Amount City Amount High schools : Galena, Kans Mt. Carmel, Pa Spartansburg, S. C . Galena, Kans Mt. Carmel, Pa Huntington, W. Va... $560 409 443 427 311 329 Westfield, Mass La Salle, 111 Teachers 1,133 La Salle, 111 Elementary schools : Principals Harrison, N. J Fresno, Calif Harrison, N.J 1,700 Teachers Principals and teachers 772 a Also acts as principal of liigh school. Comparison of all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 39 NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS. AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN no CITIES OF 10,000 TO 15,000 POPULATION High Schools 1 Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'gre Salary 303. Kankakee, 111 $1 ,soo 5 $ 709 6 $ 841 7 $ 527 34 $389 41 $412 304. Plymouth, Pa 765 I 720 2 743 3 585 35 378 38 394 305. Cranston, R. I I ,500 6 942 7 I ,021 14 652 40 445 54 498 306. Streator, 111 2 ,000 9 869 10 982 9 588 41 506 50 521 307. Marietta, O I ,200 5 760 6 833 6 875 51 466 57 509 308. Muscatine, la I ,200 8 606 9 672 8 769 54 453 62 493 309. Cheyenne, Wyo I ,200 3 740 4 855 4 752 25 648 29 662 310. Keokuk, la I ,330 7 765 8 823 6 868 48 464 54 509 311. Beverly, Mass 2 ,000 15 760 16 838 II 623 54 486 65 90s 312. Watervliet, N. Y... . I ,000 I I ,000 6 600 36 456 42 477 313. Manistee, Mich I ,02s 10 "615 12 683 5 565 51 389 56 404 314. Bridgeton, N. J I ,000 5 515 6 596 3 617 42 386 45 401 315. Mt. Carmel, Pa 1,080 7 409 8 493 5 461 29 311 34 333 316. Clinton, Mass I ,60Q 5 770 6 908 44 463 44 463 317. Newbury port, Mass. 2 ,000 7 807 8 956 '8 738 29 409 37 479 318. Steubenville, O I ,400 5 770 6 87s 6 825 43 463 49 508 321. Wilkinsburg, Pa I ,200 5 783 6 853 3 900 47 580 50 599 322. Fort Dodge, la I ,400 7 624 8 721 4 540 38 441 42 450 323. Woburn, Mass 2 ,000 10 730 II 845 13 691 46 498 59 541 324. Melrose, Mass 2 ,100 14 827 15 912 5 I ,040 57 523 62 563 325. Hammond, Ind I ,000 6 641 7 693 5 623 39 504 44 S18 326. Carbondale, Pa I ,500 8 688 9 778 9 567 42 442 SI 463 327. Ashtabula, O 900 4 621 5 677 6 559 30 396 36 423 328. Freeport, III I ,100 8 738 9 778 5 720 38 440 43 473 329. Mahanoy City, Pa... 900 2 698 3 765 43 454 43 454 330. Hyde Park, Mass. . . 2.000 13 738 14 829 4 I ,300 33 464 37 554 333. Laredo, Tex 2 540 2 540 19 476 19 476 334. Ashland, Wis I ,200 II 674 12 718 6 "697 43 530 49 5 SO 335. Oil City, Pa I ,700 8 738 9 845 49 482 49 482 336. Homestead, Pa 3 750 3 750 5 700 44 565 49 579 338. Leominster, Mass. . . I ,600 12 638 13 712 7 589 35 443 42 468 339. Janesville, Wis 14 694 14 694 51 382 SI 382 342. Owensboro, Ky I I ,200 6 630 7 711 6 "608 38 374 44 406 343. Pottstown, Pa I ,000 6 750 7 786 64 383 64 383 344. Helena, Mont I 2 ,000 10 887 II 988 7 ■■906 34 707 41 741 345. Ithaca, N. Y I ,500 15 885 16 923 42 471 42 471 347. Marlboro, Mass I ,800 10 628 II 643 4 900 49 500 53 530 349. Chillicothe, O I ,300 5 670 6 775 4 850 55 417 59 447 350. Menominee, Mich... 950 6 602 7 651 6 482 35 427 41 43 S 351. Auburn, Me I ,600 II 600 12 683 7 473 56 320 63 337 352. Ansonia, Conn I ,000 4 625 5 700 57 551 57 SSI 354. Dover, N. H I ,700 5 680 6 850 2 900 34 444 36 470 355. Wausau, Wis I ,500 6 658 7 779 8 566 43 410 51 435 356. East Providence,R.I. I ,500 6 633 7 757 7 649 56 401 63 429 357. Cairo, 111 I ,050 8 644 10 726 5 662 32 397 37 433 359. W. Bay Citv, Mich.. 900 9 564 10 598 5 525 46 373 SI 388 360. Spartansburg, S. C. 900 5 351 6 443 2 558 21 339 23 358 361. Leadville, Colo I ,200 6 1 ,000 7 I ,029 5 948 27 691 32 731 362. Westfield, Mass 2 ,600 9 I ,039 10 I ,195 5 780 35 464 40 S04 364. Marion, O I ,000 8 675 9 711 7 514 45 397 52 413 366. Fresno, Calif I ,600 9 1,085 10 1,135 8 I ,069 66 723 74 761 367. Natchez, Miss I ,500 3 602 4 826 I 675 33 415 34 422 368. Manitowoc, Wis I ,700 7 729 8 850 17 441 17 441 370. Columbia, Pa 810 3 465 4 551 I "675 39 365 40 382 371. Oklahoma, Okla.. . . I ,400 II 680 12 740 6 690 87 455 93 470 372. Hannibal, Mo I ,200 6 690 7 763 7 801 45 375 52 432 375. Marshalltown, la — I ,500 9 618 10 706 5 644 43 462 48 481 376. Lansingburg, N. Y. . I ,200 5 620 6 717 670 46 470 51 489 377. Saratoga Spr., N. Y. I ,500 6 767 7 871 6 875 36 466 42 524 378. Massillon, O I ,200 4 650 5 760 6 688 . 38 450 44 483 379. Huntington, W. Va.. 660 3 573 5 608 4 480 43 319 47 329 380. Attleboro, Mass I ,750 6 608 7 771 4 748 49 448 53 470 381. Charleston, W. Va. . 900 5 592 6 644 8 530 63 375 71 392 382. Galena, Kans 560 3 413 4 450 3 427 18 329 21 343 383. Dunkirk, N.Y 2 I ,150 6 700 J 813 IS 510 31 446 46 467 384. Morristown, N. J.... 6 783 6 783 I 850 30 577 31 585 385. HornellsviUe, N. Y. II 618 II 618 5 706 40 392 45 433 386. Greenwich, Conn. . . 4 775 4 775 15 610 15 010 387. Milford, Mass I I ,700 5 650 6 825 5 "560 36 392 41 412 388. Ironton, O I I ,200 3 675 z 806 4 675 44 389 48 413 389. Fort Smith. Ark T 1,215 7 836 8 883 7 780 43 468 50 512 391. Greensboro, N. C. . . •• 2 675 35 406 37 421 40 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN no CITIES OF 10,000 TO 15,000 POPULATION— CoMi!m«e(i High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary 392. Kearnev, N. J" 394. Tiffin, 0 $1 ,100 I ,000 925 I ,125 I ,700 I ,900 I ,200 I ,500 I ,500 I ,600 I ,000 I ,000 I ,800 I ,500 I ,400 I ,200 I ,200 950 720 850 I ,400 1 ,000 1,500 2 ,100 I ,700 I ,300 I ,500 1 ,200 2 ,400 900 I ,250 I ,000 4 5 4 7 I 8 7 5 6 5 7 6 9 5 II 4 6 9 10 9 9 6 10 '6 5 9 6 6 4 '6 12 2 9 7 3 $ 888 625 775 671 I ,125 731 779 770 721 6co 671 667 618 780 659 619 625 680 630 639 483 660 576 721 1 ,120 725 742 z 575 1,133 It 829 765 4 6 5 8 2 9 8 6 6 6 ? 10 6 12 5 7 10 II II 10 7 II I 7 6 10 6 7 4 2 7 13 2 10 8 4 $ 888 704 820 706 I ,125 839 919 842 721 750 775 800 656 817 754 795 736 732 682 695 507 687 651 I ,000 832 1,133 721 742 743 663 I ,500 750 1,231 550 612 931 824 6 4 2 6 2 7 6 10 I 9 8 4 6 4 6 5 9 2 8 4 2 7 4 13 5 3 2 t 2 5 5 i 7 4 % 996 644 650 646 855 829 663 609 700 800 478 875 586 938 456 900 689 630 630 X ,700 600 540 585 614 686 459 1 ,000 1 ,167 800 525 453 630 810 650 HI 657 545 42 26 40 44 56 36 34 20 56 32 40 44 44 23 44 59 38 41 16 23 40 32 31 37 32 41 32 24 36 24 21 38 23 21 36 28 31 $520 426 474 500 474 498 473 499 404 419 425 626 371 411 521 443 458 655 480 377 447 425 528 357 540 470 483 424 384 497 399 557 461 465 496 413 48 30 42 50 S8 43 42 44 21 65 40 44 50 48 39 tl 43 47 18 31 44 34 38 41 45 46 35 26 40 32 23 tl 24 38 35 35 $S8o 455 482 520 487 496 471 523 483 S41 419 460 444 %: 461 543 465 480 772 511 392 455 457 543 364 590 530 S08 435 401 508 447 573 471 483 528 428 395. Phillipsburg, N. J.. . 396. Sault Ste Marie,Mich 397- Pine Bluff, Ark 398. Peabody, Mass 400. Framingham, Mass.. 401. Naugatuck, Conn. . . 402. Corning, N. Y 403. Revere, Mass 404. Rutland, Vt 405. Adams, Mass 406. Beloit, Wis.. . 407. Walla Walla, Wash.. 408. Gardner, Mass 410. Butler, Pa. 411. Weymouth, Mass. . . 412. Guthrie, Okla 414. Kokomo. Ind 415. Harrison, N. J 416. Geneva, N. Y 417. Pittsburg, Kans 418. Mankato, Minn 419. Lawrence, Kans. . . . 420. Sherman, Tex 421. Bath, Me 422. Ottawa, 111 423. Portsmouth, N. H.. . 424. Little Falls, N. Y.... 425. Johnstown, N. Y. ... 428. Southbridge, Mass. . 429. Athens, Ga 430. Henderson, Ky 432. LaSalle, 111 434. Peekskill, N. Y 435. Meadville, Pa 436. Marquette, Mich 438. Beaver Falls, Pa Total 103 $1 ,317 701 $ 709 804 $ 787 552 $ 680 4,307 $456 4,8S9 $482 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO 10,000 The cities in this group number 87, Hot Springs, Ark., with a population in 1900 of 9,973, being the largest, and Cripple Creek, Colo., with 7,000, the smallest. The average yearly salary of superintendent in 85 cities reporting is $1,770, ranging from $3,000 in Bloomfield and Long Branch, N. J., to $75oin Annapo- hs, Md. The average yearly salaries for the several classes of teachers for the entire group have been shown in the first summary table (Table A) pre- ceding and need not be repeated here. The lowest and highest individual and average yearly salaries in the cities of this group and the cities in which paid are shown for each of the classes of teachers in the followino; tabular form: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 41 LOWEST AND HIGHEST INDIVIDUAL AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES AND CITIES IN WHICH PAID, FOR CITIES OF 8,000 TO 10,000 POPULATION Position Lowest Individual Salary City Amount Highest Individual Salary City Amount Superintendents High schools : Principals Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Elementary schools: Principals — men. . . Principals — women . Teachers — men. . . . Teachers — women . Annapolis, Md.. Newbern, N. C. f Owosso, Mich, \ Frederick, Md Frederick, Md . . Newbern, N. C. Warren, Pa. . . . Frederick, Md. . Frederick, Md.. a$75o 600 500 234 320 405 195 150 jBloomfield, N. J. " \Long Branch,N.J.a , Arhngton, Mass Long Branch, N. J . . Pasadena, Calif Watertown, Mass. . f Pasadena, Calif. \ Wakefield, Mass. i West Chester, Pa. Plymouth, Mass. . . Plattsburg, N.Y.... $3,000 2,400 1,400 1,100 1,400 1,000 900 850 Lowest Average Salary Highest Average Salary Position City Amount City Amount High schools: Principals. Newbern, N.C Annapolis, Md Annapolis, Md Newbern, N. C Frederick, Md Frederick, Md $600 300 300 320 224 244 Arlington, Mass Cripple Creek, Colo . . Cripple Creek, Colo.. Willimantic, Conn... . Cripple Creek, Colo.. Cripple Creek, Colo . . $2,400 Teachers 1,080 1,125 1,250 736 773 Elementary schools: Principals. .. Teachers a Also principal of high school. Comparison of, all the cities of this group as to the salaries of principals and teachers separately and in combination for both high and elementary schools may be made in the following table: NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN 87 CITIES OF 8,000 TO 10,000 .POPULATION High Schools Elementary Schools City Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av-g:e Salary 439. Hot Springs, Ark — 441. Fort Scott, Kans 442. Sunbury, Pa 443. Pontiac, Mich 445. Watertown, Mass. . . 446. Ironwood, Mich. . . . 447. Anniston, Ala 448. Bloomfield, N.J.... 450. Adrian, Mich 451. Carlisle. Pa 452. Mattoon, 111 453. Plymouth, Mass 455. Middletown, Conn. . 456. Escanaba. Mich 457. Hudson, N.Y 458. Westchester, Pa.... 460. Huntington, Ind 461. Natick, Mass $ 900 1 ,250 900 1 ,200 2 ,100 I ,000 I ,200 850 I ,000 1,800 I ,000 I ,400 1 ,200 2 ,000 4 6 6 4 "l 4 7 5 9 6 6 8 9 9 $619 531 686 675 IIS 725 ■^ 613 650 608 667 575 881 797 644 5 9 5 7 7 5 9 9 5 8 6 9 7 6 9 10 10 $675 509 729 750 964 780 "833 725 660 629 842 608 714 575 1% 780 I 6 6 6 4 4 6 4 I 5 3 3 4 I 3 5 2 $630 535 473 483 875 7s 817 425 650 459 900 608 600 500 I ,000 700 I 1I50 25 40 32 27 28 28 22 40 25 27 36 39 21 35 23 31 32 36 $453 400 423 387 552 523 397 540 411 406 397 415 441 466 459 535 538 414 li 38 33 34 11 46 29 28 41 42 24 39 24 34 $500 423 431 404 609 537 425 576 413 415 404 450 462 479 460 576 560 453 42 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION NUMBER AND AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS, AND OF PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS COMBINED IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, IN 87 CITIES OF 8,000 TO 10,000 POPULATION— Co«/mMC(^ City High Schools Elementary Schools Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers Principals Teachers Principals and Teachers No. Av-ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary No. Av'ge Salary $ 850 3 $ 500 4 $ 588 I $ 600 16 $405 17 $440 I ,400 5 500 6 700 3 500 36 400 39 408 I ,600 6 592 7 736 5 488 20 392 25 411 1,800 t) 650 7 814 7 557 40 442 47 459 1,135 2 630 3 798 4 630 39 517 43 527 I ,300 5 710 6 808 3 950 34 468 37 507 I 200 6 645 7 724 7 640 28 396 35 445 I ,200 9 555 10 620 4 506 29 386 33 404 I ,200 5 720 6 800 3 608 32 466 35 478 900 4 585 5 •648 6 540 30 413 3^ . 434 720 4 540 5 576 2 540 39 397 41 404 815 5 675 7 ^i^ 4 653 26 495 30 516 950 20 309 22 367 I 450 10 224 II 244 2 ,000 9 722 10 850 6 725 41 469 47 S02 900 3 540 4 630 4 562 21 394 25 421 I ,100 7 706 8 755 5 637 47 502 52 51S I ,000 9 .585 10 627 5 630 34 418 39 445 900 5 540 6 600 3 495 23 398 26 409 760 5 494 6 538 3 459 21 405 24 412 I ,400 5 580 6 717 36 440 36 440 I ,700 6 675 7 821 I 850 34 313 635 328 I ,300 15 910 16 934 5 I ,000 53 678 58 706 1,350 9 720 10 783 5 513 26 450 31 460 600 I 400 2 500 I 320 21 277 22 279 I ,200 5 680 6 767 5 630 30 462 35 486 900 2 720 3 780 3 720 48 492 51 477 5 570 5 570 25 454 25 454 I ,300 3 667 4 825 5 670 27 452 32 486 I ,000 4 675 5 740 6 575 28 451 34 473 I ,900 5 660 6 867 2 1 ,250 29 455 31 506 I ,oco 3 467 4 600 7 609 30 454 37 483 945 3 750 4 799 7 614 34 434 41 465 810 7 588 8 616 5 563 44 425 49 439 10 880 10 880 5 940 46 555 51 593 720 3 525 4 574 6 494 26 341 32 370 I ,200 3 600 4 750 1 500 14 452 15 455 I ,050 9 644 10 68,s 30 423 30 423 3 800 3 800 3 707 20 496 23 523 I ,000 8 600 9 644 3 567 31 391 34 406 I ,2S0 8 800 10 890 5 630 29 438 34 466 I ,200 9 607 10 666 5 630 026 405 031 517 2 ,400 5 720 6 I ,000 3 850 36 608 39 627 900 5 750 6 775 2 675 27 480 29 494 1,600 8 625 9 733 4 888 30 437 34 490 I ,700 9 690 10 791 3 742 36 489 ^2. 508 2 300 2 300 I 450 IS 300 16 309 I .100 3 583 4 713 28 369 28 369 I ,000 6 638 7 689 5 540 33 467 38 477 5 610 5 610 34 396 34 396 I ,000 4 720 5 776 I 67s 23 395 24 448 5 730 5 730 3 600 19 383 22 412 I ,000 6 667 7 714 6 667 28 444 34 483 3 697 3 697 4 750 23 487 27 526 11 570 II 570 4 588 43 39^^ 47 413 I ,500 5 630 6 775 20 444 29 444 I ,400 6 66^ 7 770 4 570 32 428 36 443 810 3 525 4 596 4 473 32 366 36 378 3 650 20 443 23 470 90c 5 621 6 668 8 502 31 465 39 472 I ,500 4 604 5 785 31 363 31 363 I ,000 7 643 8 688 40 505 40 505 810 5 666 6 690 I 58s 32 443 33 447 I ,000 3 585 4 689 5 684 24 390 29 441 3 420 3 420 9 360 9 360 900 I 540 2 720 2 650 31 349 33 367 8 801 8 801 6 552 33 378 39 405 I ,200 4 625 5 740 28 385 28 38s 900 3 608 4 681 2 595 23 377 25 394 900 5 558 6 615 5 567 26 351 31 386 1,350 5 I ,080 6 1,125 3 I ,200 34 736 37 773 76 $1 ,174 495 $650 571 $721 315 $633 2,630 $446 2 ,945 $464 462. Frankfort, Ky 463. Waterville, Me 464. Amesbury, Mass. . . . 465. Olean, N.Y 469. Beaumont, Tex 470. Waukegan, 111 471. Carthage, Mo 472. Traverse City, Mich . 473. Port Jervis, N.Y 474. Hutchinson, Kans . . 475. Dubois, Pa 477. Corsicana, Tex 478. Frederick, Md 479. Wakefield, Mass. . . . 480. Ft. Madison, la 481. Iron Mountain, Mich 483. Oscaloosa, la 484. Webb City, Mo 485. Phoenixville, Pa 486. Batavia, N.Y 487. Keene, N. H 488. Pasadena, Calif 489. Champaign, III 490. Newbern, N. C 492. N.Tonawanda, N.Y. 493. Duquesne, Pa 494. Cortland, N.Y 496. AUiance, Ohio 497. Lincoln, 111 498. Willimantic, Conn. . . 500. Cumberland, R. I. . . 501. Sharon, Pa 503. Boone, la 504. Long Branch, N. J. . 505. Chambersburg, Pa. . 506. Webster, Mass 507. Elyria, Ohio 508. Selma, Ala . 509. Owasso, Mich 510. Xenia, Ohio 512. Wabash, Ind 513. Arlington, Mass 514. Washington, Ind 515. Danvers, Mass 518. Warren. Ohio 519. Annapolis, Md 520. Rochester, N. H 521. Peru, Ind 522. Barre, Vt 523. Fremont, Ohio 524. Watertown, Wis 525. Plattsburg, N.Y 528. Astoria, Ore 529. Torrington, Conn. . . 531. Ware, Mass 532. Titusville, Pa 533. Cambridge, Ohio. . . 534. BowUng Green, Ky. . 535. Emporia, Kans 537. Rockland, Me. . 538. Columbus, Ind 539. Chippewa Falls, Wis 540. Tyler, Tex 541. Huntsville. Ala 542. Wellston, Ohio 543. Warren, Pa 544. Laconia, N. H 545. Danville, Pa 546. Moberly, Mo 547. Cripple Creek, Colo. Total a Not including 11, salaries not reported, b Including kindergarten teachers. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 43 In a study of the salaries of principals and teachers the relative numbers and the number of buildings, as well as the number of pupils in attendance may have an important bearing upon the salaries. The Bulletin of the Bureau of Labor for September 1902, gave some statistics of value upon this matter for all cities of 30,000 population or over at the census of 1900. These figures were in most cases for the previous year and are therefore not up to date. They are, however, still not far from present conditions, and probably represent relatively the true facts. These facts are presented in the following table. The cities are arranged and numbered in order of population in 1903, as in Table I: NUMBER OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS, SCHOOL ROOMS, TEACHERS, AND AVERAGE PUPILS IN ATTENDANCE IN CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 OR OVER City Popula- tion in 1903 No. School Rooms Teachers Other Day Sch'ls Total Av'ge Pupils in Attendance High Sch'ls Other Day Schools Night Sch'ls Total NewYork, N. Y Chicago, 111 Philadelphia, Pa St. Louis, Mo Boston, Mass Baltimore, Md Cleveland, O Buffalo, N.Y San Francisco, Calif. Pittsburg, Pa Cincinnati, O Milwaukee, Wis Detroit. Mich New Orleans, La. . . . Washington, D. C... Newark, N.J Jersey City, N. J Louisville, Ky Minneapolis, Minn.. Indianapolis, Ind . . . . Providence, R.I Kansas City, Mo St. Paul Minn Rochester, N. Y , Toledo, O Denver, Colo Allegheny, Pa Columbus, O Worcester, Mass Los Angeles, Cal New Haven, Conn. . . Syracuse, N. Y Fall River, N. Y Memphis, Tenn. . .. Omaha, Neb Paterson, N. J St. Joseph, Mo Scranton, Pa Lowell, Mass Portland, Ore Cambridge, Mass Atlanta, Ga Albany, N.Y Dayton, O Seattle, Wash Grand Rapids, Mich Hartford, Conn , Richmond, Va Reading, Pa Nashville, Tenn Wilmington, Del.. . . , Camden, N.J Bridgeport, Conn. . . , Trenton, N. J Troy, N.Y 5,716,139 [,873,880 [,367,716 612,279 S94,6i8 531,313 414,950 381,403 355,919 345,043 332,934 312,736 309,653 300,625 293,217 265,394 219,462 215,402 214,112 191,033 189,742 173,064 172,038 170,798 145.901 144,588 138,018 135,487 128,552 116,420 114,600 114,443 114,004 113,669 113,361 113,217 110,479 107,026 100,150 98,65s 98,444 96,550 93,920 92,566 92,020 91,630 87,836 86,148 85,051 82,711 81,300 79,811 77,635 76,766 75,567 10,561 4,795 2,878 1,391 1,531 1,145 1,215 783 994 872 752 831 745 1,005 795 512 641 973 609 570 562 584 606 470 565 450 446 550 448 386 398 273 199 369 240 220 334 279 319 326 207 304 392 251 374 290 245 322 218 238 318 234 208 10,760 5,858 3,312 1,621 1,777 1,560 1,227 1,194 823 980 916 819 821 700 1.057 804 566 535 747 578 612 524 491 664 457 611 394 417 512 459 390 427 365 201 366 351 190 316 274 277 353 205 279 367 241 344 269 224 302 204 245 293 227 210 280 C63 12,310 6,465 4,006 1,774 2,232 1,710 1,380 1,359 979 1,043 1,042 874 976 740 1,267 963 639 628 850 666 871 637 570 739 504 700 440 508 679 S04 479 496 435 218 423 430 220 424 429 302 468 230 321 411 264 384 339 259 331 226 270 307 251 250 291 12,439 9,218 4,327 1,781 5,096 1,856 3,080 2,525 1,022 1,762 1,970 1,329 2,152 788 2,691 1,108 558 1,506 2,388 1,996 1,630 2,880 1,566 901 914 1,925 551 1,837 2,123 1,184 1,067 1,232 588 446 1 1,253 450 655 704 770 687 1,123 562 627 970 611 1,106 729 827 551 439 S04 275 551 48s 264 385,489 198,072 128,685 63,725 66,508 50,784 44-138 40,508 27,027 34,658 34,723 30,331 28,712 23,990 33,789 27,144 22,007 19,269 28,74c 19,341 18,919 18,206 19,298 17,277 16,231 17,374 15,655 13,861 15,669 14,754 13,251 14,428 12,152 7,552 13,528 14,100 6,661 12,328 8,956 9,110 11,898 9,230 9,593 10,354 8,302 11,303 8,713 9,064 9,661 9,176 7,972 8,019 9,048 6,818 6,701 20,376 4,771 9,713 1,926 4,358 1,684 850 1,305 1,929 1,129 "638 1,434 2,330 840 592 306 127 15 351 154 667 78 420 396 2,101 67 124 650 79 1,168 1,844 no 561 64 136 128 67 648 418,304 212,061 142,725 67,432 75,962 54-324 48,068 44,338 29,978 36,420 37,822 31,660 31-502 24,778 37,914 30,582 23,405 21,367 31,128 21,337 22,539 2 1, 086 20,864 18,484 17,272 19,314 16,557 15,852 18,459 16,016 14,738 16,056 14,841 8,065 14-905 15-200 7-395 14,200 11,570 9-907 13-582 9-856 10,356 11,452 8,913 12,409 9,751 9,891 10,317 9-665 8,476 8,294 9,666 7,951 6,965 44 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION NUMBER OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS, SCHOOL ROOMS, TEACHERS, AND AVERAGE PUPILS IN ATTENDANCE IN CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 OR OVER— Continued City Popula- tion in 1903 No. School Rooms Teachers Other Day Sch'ls Total Av'ge Pupils in Attendance High Sch'ls Other Day Schools Night Sch'ls Total 56. Lynn, Mass 57. Oakland, Calif 58. New Bedford, Mass. . 59. Somerville, Mass 60. Lawrence, Mass 61. Springfield, Mass 62. Des Moines, Iowa — 63. Savannah, Ga 64. Hoboken, N.J 65. Peoria, 111 66. Evansville, Ind 67. Manchester, N. H — 68. Utica, N. Y 69. San Antonio, Texas. . 70. Duluth, Minn 71. Salt Lake City, Utah. 72. Waterbury, Conn. . . . 73. Elizabeth, N. J 74. Erie, Pa 75. Charleston, S. C 76. Wilkesbarre, Pa 77. Kansas City, Kans. . . 78. Norfolk, Va 79. Harrisburg, Pa 80. Yonkers, N. Y 81. Portland, Me 82. Houston, Texas 83. Holyoke, Mass. ._. . . . 84. Youngstown, Ohio. . . 85. Fort Wayne, Ind 86. Akron, Ohio 87. Tacoma, Wash 88. Covington, Ky 89. Lancaster, Pa 90. Lincoln, Neb 91. Dallas, Texas 92. Brockton, Mass 93. Schenectady, N. Y. . . 94. Pawtucket, R. I 95. Birmingham, Ala. . . . 96. Little Rock, Ark 97. Spokane, Wash 98. Altoona, Pa 99. Augusta, Ga 100. Saginaw, Mich 10 1. Binghamton, N. Y. . . 102. Mobile, Ala 103. South Bend, Ind 104. Wheeling, W. Va 105. Springfield, O 106. Johnstown, Pa 107. Haverhill, Mass 108. Terre Haute, Ind 109. Allentown, Pa no. McKeesport, Pa 111. Dubuque, Iowa 112. Davenport, Iowa 113. Quincy, 111 114. Salem, Mass 115. Elmira, N. Y 116. Maiden, Mass 117. Bayonne, N. J 118. Superior, Wis 119. York, Pa 120. Newton, Mass 121. Springfield, III 122. Butte, Mont 123. Chester, Pa 124. Chelsea, Mass 125. Topeka, Kans 126. Fitchburg, Mass 127. Knoxville, Tenn 128. E. St .Louis, 111 129. Rockford, 111 131. Montgomery, Ala 72,350 70,386 68,955 68,090 67,932 67,42.3 65,754 64,562 64,080 62,094 61,482 60,845 60,097 58,016 57,397 57,138 56,521 56,441 56,363 56,062 55,921 55,348 55,149 52,951 52,701 52,656 50,760 48,736 48,386 48,031 47,833 45,102 44,759 44,294 44,243 44,159 43,873 43,538 42,711 42,087 42,036 41,927 41,565 41,283 41,151 41-039 40,686 40,327 40,186 40,161 39,059 38,987 38,611 38,573 38,274 38,094 37,768 37,680 37,504 37,106 36,853 36,829 36,824 36,438 36,350 36,211 36,127 35,995 35,920 35,388 34,378 34,344 34,007 33,361 32,884 249 261 209 230 200 331 307 140 168 265 236 129 229 129 302 309 166 130 166 81 183 175 88 188 i8s 220 121 176 165 143 174 175 100 120 155 128 148 76 .141 90 82 140 151 98 217 194 73 no 145 150 152 144 185 119 154 125 168 100 108 135 152 132 153 146 148 121 105 124 116 160 138 82 106 122 64 232 206 236 239 235 277 322 128 189 230 220 126 210 127 256 277 169 125 191 85 159 159 78 179 176 205 116 154 151 143 168 176 100 106 149 112 164 81 144 85 78 150 146 99 180 180 67 114 133 148 136 141 166 113 125 124 168 109 117 135 158 143 144 118 166 123 99 125 118 133 79 78 114 130 57 283 250 335 309 315 364 371 137 209 251 247 162 231 136 276 301 202 144 215 98 192 178 86 201 209 240 135 221 166 154 198 195 106 131 181 121 204 93 188 95 87 168 156 107 209 202 78 126 145 166 156 186 189 127 133 138 184 118 157 151 197' 164 157 130 102 140 118 138 152 153 131 90 124 148 64 675 1,001 322 947 557 657 1,025 223 221 SOI 577 354 409 169 484 626 423 302 467 325 SOI 514 225 567 376 614 677 482 405 305 591 466 313 375 792 356 560 151 353 298 317 477 341 179 677 450 373 301 251 551 207 459 519 315 157 385 368 231 413 533 463 113 228 352 673 512 360 251 357 590 491 377 248 508 186 7,936 7,489 6,686 8,403 6,513 8,189 8.966 4,981 6,755 6,751 6,271 3,773 6,403 5,891 8,034 9,209 5,820 5,078 5,329 5,893 6,712 6,441 3,641 6,277 5,122 5,797 6,202 4,741 5,361 4,465 5,696 5,332 3,771 4,330 4,364 4,777 6,048 2,575 3,967 3,281 3,695 4,697 4,580 4,460 5,815 5,190 2,796 3,181 4,154 4,872 4,938 4,002 4,784 4,574 4,412 3,443 4,786 3-241 3,630 3,887 4,786 3,867 4,505 4-368 4,538 3.907 3.365 3,845 4,703 5,120 3,086 3.716 3.246 4.290 1,986 396 130 1,214 271 1,006 552 50 200 '82 189 69 193 "85 349 264 158 532 197 184 275 327 170 338 104 136 216 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 45 NUMBER OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS, SCHOOL ROOMS, TEACHERS, AND AVERAGE PUPILS IN ATTENDANCE IN CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 OR ONE^— Continued City Popula- tion in 1903 No. School Rooms Teachers Other Day Sch'ls Total Av'ge Pupils in Attendance High Sch'ls Other Day Schools Night Sch'ls Total 132. Taunton, Mass 135. Canton, O 137. Galveston, Texas 138. Sioux City, iowa 139. Auburn, N. Y 143. Joliet, 111 144. Chattanooga, Tenn... . 32,713 32,011 31.742 31,701 31,692 30,769 30,469 131 136 88 161 112 115 384 82 179 348 320 S03 250 3,648 4,403 2,980 5,072 2,716 4.253 3,056 4.347 4.485 3.I5Q 5.420 3.036 4,756 3-306 SALARIES SUMMARIZED BY STATES In order that comparison may be made, not only between the salaries in the individual cities and in the cities grouped by size, but also between the states, so far as they are represented by the cities reporting, the following summary has been prepared from Table I. For the states of Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and Illinois two sets of state averages have been made, the first not including the cities of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago, but in the second immediately following these cities are included. In like manner two sets of averages have been made for the cities as a whole. This has been done that the great number of teachers in these great cities and the relatively high salaries might not overshadow the smaller cities in the same states. This summary, so far as the total for the entire 467 ,cities is concerned, of course agrees with Table A, already given. The great influence of the four great cities of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Boston, not only upon the average of their several states, but also upon the average for the country is worthy of notice. Thus, while the average yearly salary of female teachers (not including principals) in elementary schools in the 467 cities is $650, the average for the same class of teachers when the four great cities of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Boston are not included, is $556 or $94 less. The average for male elementary teachers in the 467 cities is $1,161, while in the 463 cities it is $653 or $518 less. This great difference, it will at once be seen, is due to the very large per cent, of the entire number of men who are in these great cities, where relatively high salaries are paid. Large differences will also be noticed in the average salaries of the other classes of teachers. These four cities employed altogether 24,999 teachers and supervising officers or 26.9 per cent, of the entire number reported as employed by the 467 cities. When only the four principal classes of teachers are considered (principals and teachers in high and elementary schools) the four great cities constitute a sKghtly greater per cent., namely, 27.4. The total amount paid to these teachers for salaries constituted 37.5 per cent, of the total amount paid out for salaries for teachers of these classes in the entire 467 cities. 46 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Q W o e^ w u < w H Q <: Ah fa < go WW [2 8 5 Pi H Z H M 1-1 .1 It -1 in \0 N o> 00>O s ^ M O-OO m 00 vo m VO CO 00 t^ ■^ vo CO in H vo 00 CO r^ CO CO m (N m M Ov ^t^ '^ 00 '^ m CO m m ^ H O Tj- (N M H t^ CO fO CO ■ H M (0>O CO Ov m m CO cs 00^ COH 4 ^§ M Ov O o 0 Ov M -"t 00 1 1^ 1, k1 ? :| 0> -^m O w '^ VO Ov M ■* CO N m oo^vo vo t^ m Ov COOO in mm 00 Ov CO m vo m m 6 :S s -S CO • H ^"^k in vo" t~- MM vd M 1 1 M Tt 00 CO 4 1 •a 0\ lor^ in eooo 00 • m 00 vo m ■+ H (N m in t^ ^ 0>(N Ov 00 t^ O CO t^ N OvCO M COvO M M S 5;^ 00 CO t^ M C-) (NO VO CO CO 00 •* r^ 1 1 MD 0 vo coin % :^ ^ 2^^ Ov Ovoo r^ Ov o CO CO ^ t^ M Ov m (N t^ (N Ov t^ M r^ 00 8 W o CO W o II 1" H IT) 1 f£ 1: H r^ CO t^ M VOOO q 1^00 00 •* (^ O vo CO M M M rf CO O m CO Ov coi:^ M Ov 00 6 ISS ^ ^5 5 ^j: ^ 11 CO Tj- t^ M COOO CO vo r^ M ^00 rt- m M N M Ov vo 1 1 Is in \o ti r^ 00 m m vo 00 vo IN r^- 1 H 1 M g^ Sv^ M M Tf- CO 0 CO Ov CO 00 M 1^ •o 00 6 H ro 5 a? CO r^ r^ m H ? H ^ SE Ov MOO Ov r^ 2 ^:^ CO M VO vo CO Ov 1 •c Ph II 1- S : 1 g: S. a : <>; 00 • m vo • ^ §; : Ov r- • Ov vo • t o : t^ CO o VO vo o Q o iz; § fa - 1 fa > fa 1 PC t» c f c p f 1 fa 1 1 fa c p=: fa 1 fa H ^fa 1 1 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 47 r CO CO W O ffi O < O H ^ w o <: w > Q < Pi W CQ t t^ CV » 00 H CO CO 0 VO o o 0 o 0) t P) VO VO 00 IH 2S ro M lo 0\ (N CO m M CO VO to r^ t^ VO t-.vO vO 00 "1 lO H_VO VO t ■ r^vo VO a^^ ^ 1- ^ ^ f) N rt" 00 O 00 to lO O W T}- i/^ • t^ r^ CO H ^ VO CO Ov o o t ■* ■o O CO a^ t^ lOvO r^ o a '^ rO •o f:^ ^ o o o Tf o Ov CO Ov (V, CO O.CV) >000 00 t lO lO r- lO lO '^ t IT) U-) to tovo VO ■t ■^ t i2 >"^ ^ ^ < 1 <^ ^O M 00 00 H o> t^ M 00 O lo in (N Cvi lO CO 00 ^g Ov r^ 0 r~ 00 t 00 00 i->o CO CO to 00 ■t CO t-^ M 00 00 H 6 o o o CO CO VO H r^ 00 (N 0) CO CO 00 Ov T)- •* 4 iri CO CO rf 4 rC tC , H M S H >-i H N rn O lO Tt O O t- t- 00 Ov 00 '^ t lO H (V) to 0) Ov 00 CO 00 IN 00 o> O t- P)M3 00 t^ t 0 VO r~ CO Ov CO Ov ir, ro 00 f; q q t^ 00 ^. Ov q VO VO (N O q q o Ov q*- q [« H H r— . f^ «©= A <^ \o 0 O o o> o> 00 ■* t ^ q OOO 00 q to t-- ^1 ^ " M " H •^ '^ " " H H " ^ <^ N 1> o> CO t^ 8 o>o in t^ H 00 lO t^ CVj r^ O J^ 00 H Ov O lO Tf 00 ■* HOO M VO 00 t^ • r^ CO t- 0 00 00 VO H . M VO H r^ to P) <^ r- "in >o H t 'i- PL, d m H o Ov l-l lO to • ■ to ,_, Num- ber of Teacher and Super- vising Officers 00 CO r^ 00 CO • -* Ov d '^ VO Tf ^ ~00 Ov IH CO vO '^ fa h ^ fa H % fa H "^ fa H a 0) T3 T3 ^ ]5 c PL( a u 1 1 H 1 ^ 1 •a; H 25 O 3 o CO > '5 > ^ P ^ Q u cj c^ u 'o u H >, •g p i t— > > 1 ^1 C 11 & ^ P-I (S go ■55 S > ei C3 1 cB 48 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION « lO (N o o ■* 1 '^ CO a t> lyj H 1 vO VOOO lO 11- vn o f~ Tf t^ o lO t~ M >> Ov ^:> t^ -^ CO ■o ir, rf lO H Ov '^ ■* Ov 0 o P) M Ov o CO t^ t^ ^1 O M M >o lO CO ^ lO o N t^ 00 00 O CO OOO 00 w "* ^ ^ ^ ro t lO VO • CO CO Ov lO lO lOlO lO ir, rf '^ o ^ m C/2 1 1" O o> (N O H O 0 00 vO CO ^O 00 Ov to r- H ^ PI Ov t^ O ro Tj- VO r^ r^ 00 «o "S lOvo Tt IT) \o CO 00 1^ CO 00 00 >0 t^ VO '^ lO VO to VO M q ^ lO lO (^ Ov q 00 t^ H VO 00 1 S c^ i^' " |3 ^ m c rO t^ o VO M 00 CO CO ^O ■rf CO t^ 00 >o CO co<5 o. t^ N Ov ^ t- H to ■* 2"* 00 4> M 00 VO lo Ah 6 CO " o 0) O - ro lO m lo lO 00 vO Ov o o CO \0 lO N 00 vo 00 in M Ov bo >■ rovo Tt lo 0 a M O '^ QvO OOO 00 VO ■11 §1 5" a\o J> t^ ^ >o 00 ^ ^ lOOO N^O f» CO Ov Ov t- 00 q t^ 00 €©■ H " H " m .SH O 0 Ov CD -^ J^ MOO o COO •^ IH lO VO t^OO lO 00 00 vO VO o o ^1 ^ lO CO Ov CS CO vO M t^ Ov 6 CO • o o Ov ^ 00 oo o OvOO t^ 1/5 VO T)- 00 CO • O o lO o> • t -rj- (N\0 vO H 00 CO CN o O 00 VO ^ ■* ■* 't • ^ t t "^ 2- .vo O o O CO ^ oo t^ 6 W M H H o Ov • Ov ■^ o t^ s^ 00 o ^O O lO t^ o>o> o> 00 • oc 00 • 00 M0_ t- 0_^ t ■ ■^ lO CO lO >'^ 'rt ^ H M " M " HI H " ^ " H H m .& ^C/2 1 yri H o IN • M (N • N VO H t^ H ■ H M (vj CO cs • Oi lO H VO 6 ^ t (N • N N ^ ^ tfi M f^ t^ t^ vn M 00 M Num- ber of Teacher and Super- vising Officers \o o ^ •o VO lO ^ >-> VO M q ; ; t M vo" •>;t- fO N M o O i^.^i^bo CO • • (N H h s i^ h T3 0) -c :3 ^ T) o a bo o rt M U u H 1 1 j^ < H 1/2 k k CJ 2 (2 52 'S 1 > 3 Q C^ ci Q .g 1 if i 1 h). < u H M .3 ■■B 'o c^ o ii^ go o ^ 3 cB ;2; COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 49 o 1 I •OS ^1 Is >0 Ov 5« 2,S. vS" 2-S^ " : ^00 -j^vo t^ OvO 00 vo r- vo Ov ^ rt TJVO vo vo vo Ov NO CO >^vO VO f^ ^ i m 1 ■o" pT lO (N 00 t^ vO "1 (N H vq 00 vq^ H H CO H OI CO ■* o ^ H^ 1 ^^ s '1 t- |3 M vo M \n vo »o R U vo CO ■* CO O t^ •O lO U-) s IS 1^ ■t i go t q Tj- 0 •o q ^ 2? q "^ H oT ?; "^ ■? "5 00 vo 1 II g ^g t^ ■* o O 00 H OO c^t^ H lO vo t^ up u^vo q « q rq fovo 1 ^Iv Ov t^vo S VO 1 00 vo H CM VO 8vvO o vo t^ vo HO s %s 0 H Ov vB ^^ CO O o 1 S2 1 I-l n <"5 O^ ^ 0 0> 00 vo 5 F lo vo O 00 q t^ vo Ov o i II <» 00 Ov t^ WOO M Ov 00 r- q q<»^ ^ ivj 8 1 -1 a SI 1 §^5 f ^€ f ^o ? S^ CO Tl- CO r^ 0000 Ov co<^ H H H ho >> M IT) o>o 4" OO (N vo 00 Ovt^ § ll H Ov^ S C«vO !> ^ O H t^ t^ t^ HOO '5- H t^ q Ovc» Ov ■<}■ H S8 ^v^- VO d H Tf Ov VO H IN CO t^ CO t^ r^vo CO H 1 - < r Cn ) c c 1 ti( H S n 1 i^ ►5 ti< ■J (n fr< H S 1 t^ H 50 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Cn < OH C/3 ^ o So Ph < og 8 w >< <: H 1-1 W o 't 8 a too VO >o lo t VO t cvi 0 a ■* CO Ov H QvO lO t^ t Ov >O00 00 H r- VO VO VO t 00 lO 1 1^ ^ -vS 1 || I B 2 iS 5 %i t VO t % S3 to ?!■ t t lO »o t 1 s §1 §8 "? VO 00 t^l^ VO H t (N CO H ^"00 vl 1 il (» CO o> q =8 as q^ ooo 00 t^ CO 0\ r^O 00 r^ • VO VO • K Sg 00 l^vo t^ vO VO CO cooo VO 00 C-) VO Ov Ov t 6 ^ S^ r^ lo t (O H H VO VO H . 00 vO VO to 00 00 VO [^ qoo 1 ^c^ •O 0000 ^ ^S o .. t vOOO 5 O lO lO CO Ov cv) 00 r^ (N CO t 00 1 1 HOO 0\ 00 J~- 1^ r^vO ^ v^g VO r^ lo CVI rfvO O t t VO M t^ 00 VOOO 00 00 VO §§ S^2 (^ t^vO 00 CO 0 VO OvOO Ov 0? 61^ 1 ^S^ §; S'S O; VO O VO H W CO tvO O t^ lO • ■ t • • CO • • • • -' > c I 2 > Q 1-1 < H S 1 1 [3H tlH tn tu, •< [i^ 1 c pt, c: U^ H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 51 0 u < s i2 00 0 ■0 00 0 CO co<5 vo H r- t^ COOO CO covO 0 0 t^ d t^ o> 0 0 Ov 0 CO ts >ooO CO ^00 CO CO vn 00 CO CO r^ i -Ss 00 «^ t^ 00 00 M VO « .-K 10 1 "!> 0. t^ "s --S H VO Ov 1 CO t^ CO 0 CO Ov Ov i 1 1 ?& m 0 - II ! !"^ 10 d" M CO CO i-i 0 u en W 0 11 ^1 1 0, 'T.'^ »o 0> CM 0 CM 00 00 q a W vOOO a qa CM r^ CO 0 'tt-. 0 C^u^ M 0> 0 CO CO 0> M N Ov 2 |5 CO i H <3 r~ M fo vo 0 CO ^ °^<^ ^ ^^ 0 0 00. (N M CO 10 0 r-- H H rl- CO CO H H q HOC o> 1 ;* : "^ - ^^ 00 vO CO ^ !?i;; (N 00 r^ 0 H m 10 CO 0 r^ ^ CM 10 ^ 2-R CO 0 0 CO vO CO CO CO R d M M W5 M . M 00 • 00 CO ■ CO COM ^ H • H r- ■ t^ CO CO ^ 00 0 r^ 0 CO 10 ■* a Num- ber of Teachers and Super- vising Officers B, -% q ^ 't : CO 00 00 0 CO 00 00 1 s;' 1 Num- ber of Cities Re- port- ing CO • ■ lO • • • • M ■ • •-' ; : ^ : : ^: H 1 z 0 w 0 fe J 1 Pui 0 1 c [IH 1 Pil 1 b 1 3 § t 0 fi^ .0 c IJh 0 1 ■J fiH g 0 rS C ij r fe H 52 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION When the state averages are compared and the four great cities are not included, it is found that the highest average for elementary teachers, $814, was reported for California with 11 cities, Montana standing next with $792. The lowest average is found to be $320 for Florida, represented by only two cities however. The next lowest is South Carolina at $352, also for two cities only. The average for the state of New York, with the city of New York included is $866 for elementary teachers — higher than that for any other state. In salaries of elementary principals (with the four great cities not included) California leads with $1,443 and New Jersey is next with $1,370. The lowest is $526 for Florida. New York state shows an average of $1,820 when New York city is included. For high-school teachers (not including principals) California again leads with an average of $1,254, and Colorado is next with $1,150. The lowest average, $405, which is reported from South Carolina, represents only two cities and 8 teachers. The next lowest is North Carolina with $636. All this is for the states with the four great cities omitted; the average for New York state with New York city included is $1,293. For high-school principals California again leads with an average of $2,364 and Massachusetts (not including Boston) is next with $2,261. The lowest average, $850, is reported for North Carolina, with South Carolina next at $855; only two cities are represented in each state. In this case, when the great cities are included. New York leads with an average of $2,518, the Massachusetts average being $2,499. THE SEX OF TEACHERS IN HIGH AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS As the relatively small number of male teachers in the public schools is so frequently a subject of discussion, and as their employment has such an important bearing upon the salaries paid, the following table has been PER CENT. OF MEN EMPLOYED AS PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS IN HIGH AND ELEMEN- TARY SCHOOLS, BY GROUPS OF CITIES WITH Num- ber Per cent, of Men Employed IN High Schools Elementary Schools High and Elementary Schools Cities POPULAT ION OF— of Prin- Prin- Prin- Cities Prin- cipals Teach- ers cipals and Teach- ers Prin- cipals Teach- ers cipals and Teach- ers Prin- cipals Teach- ers cipals and Teach- ers 1,000,000 or over 3 91.9 45-7 47 -o 44.2 4-3 5-1 46.1 6.7 8.5 200,000 to I ,000,000 . . 16 93-7 40.1 42 2 43 0 2 0 4 9 45 8 5 7 8 4 100,000 to 200,000 . . 20 100. 0 36.9 39 3 30 4 0 9 3 b 34 I 5 5 7 9 50,000 to 100,000 . . 38 94.1 36.3 39 5 40 6 0 9 4 5 43 8 4 4 7 9 30,000 to 50,000 . . 58 95.4 33-1 37 7 45 2 I 2 5 7 49 2 4 b 9 I 20,000 to 30,000 . . 74 98.8 31-3 37 3 32 3 I I 4 7 39 4 5 3 9 2 15,000 to 20,000 . . 60 91-5 31.0 37- 5 34 7 I I 5 0 41 9 5 3 . 9 5 10,000 to 15,000 . . no 90.3 26.7 34 8 27 5 0 9 3 9 37 4 4 5 8 3 8,000 to 10,000 . . 88 94-7 24.6 34 0 37 5 2.2 5-9 48.6 5 7 10 5 Total 467 94-3 35.8 39. 7 38.^ 2. 1 5. 1 43.0 5-6 8.6 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 53 prepared to show the per cent, of men in each of the great classes of teachers. These teachers number 85,042, and constitute 91.6 per cent, of all the teachers employed in the 467 cities from which full reports were secured. Super- visors and teachers of special branches are not here included. It will be seen from this table that only 7,295, or 8.6 per cent., of the entire 85,042 principals and teachers in both high and elementary schools are men. In this number are included 2,921 who are principals (43 per cent, of the whole number of principals) and 4,374 who are teachers (only 5.6 per cent, of the whole number of teachers). In high schools 3,417, or 39.7 per cent, of the principals and teachers are men. Of the principals alone 94.3 per cent, are men, while of the teachers alone 35.8 per cent, are men. In marked contrast to the high schools are the elementary schools. Here only 3,878, or 5.1 per cent., of the principals and teachers are men. Of the principals alone 38.3 per cent, are men, while of the teachers alone 2.1 per cent, are men. Examining the various groups of cities, it is seen that the 58 cities in the two groups with population of 50,000 to 100,000 and 100,000 to 200,000 employ the smallest per cent, of men (but 7.9 per cent.), while the cities of 8,000 to 10,000 employ 10.5 per cent., the largest per cent. The smallest per cent, of male principals is reported in the cities with population of 10,000 to 15,000, where 37.4 are employed; the largest per cent, is in the cities of 30,000 to 50,000, where 49.2 are employed. In the the cities of 100,000 to 200,000 all of the high-school principals are men, but the principals of elementary schools include only 30.4 per cent, of men. With regard to teachers, the smallest per cent, of men is found in cities of 50,000 to 100,000, where only 4.4 per cent, is reported, while the largest per cent. (6.7) is found in the three cities of 1,000,000 population or over. Considering teachers in high schools only, the largest per cent, of men (45.7) is found in the group of largest cities and the smallest per cent. (24.6) in the group of smallest cities. Of elementary school teachers the largest per cent, of men (4.3) is reported in the group of largest cities, and the next largest per cent. (2.2) in the smallest cities. Nine-tenths of one per cent, is reported in three groups of cities — 10,000 to 15,000, 50,000 to 100,000, and 100,000 to 200,000. In this connection the remarks touching the subject of the sex of teachers in the pubUc schools of the United States and of their compensation, in the report of the Mosely Educational Commission, may be of interest. This com- mittee is, of course, in no way responsible for the opinions expressed therein. Most of the members of the Mosely Educational Commission to the United States, a commission composed of eminent representatives of all branches of education in Great Britain, in their reports noted the fact that they were forcibly struck in their study of American schools with the very large preponderance of women teachers in all branches of education 54 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION throughout the country. Mr. Mosely says in his preface to the report of the commission : Not only did I find comparatively few men engaged in teaching, but also few pre- paring to become teachers; and upon further investigation I discovered the reason to lie in the smallness of the remuneration, which is insufficient to attract a good class of men. This I think a serious defect, and I venture to suggest that higher salaries should be paid to teachers of both sexes, but especially to men, in order to make it worth their while to take up the profession not merely as a duty but as a remunerative occupation. In their joint report the commissioners say that they observe that the remuneration of teachers is by no means always placed on a satisfactory basis; and they have also been led to view somewhat with alarm the growing preponderance of women teachers. In regard to this last point, while 24 of the commissioners joined in signing, it is noted that one did not agree and another regarded the subject as an open question. Mr. A. J. Shepheard, chairman of the Technical Education Board of the London County Council, says upon this latter point, In endeavoring to ascertain the American view of the situation, I found some who were prepared to argue that it was no disadvantage, inasmuch as the moral influence of the women teachers on the boys was all for good, while they were, undoubtedly, as good teachers as the men. Many, and perhaps the majority, of those we met were frank enough to say that it was a question of money only; that female teachers were prepared to accept smaller (say, two-thirds) salaries than men, and that they were appointed accord- ingly. The situation was pithily put by one of our commissioners. "It is apparently thought better to have first-class women than second-class men. " It should be noted, in connection with this statement in regard to salaries, that the study of the Mosely Commission was confined to the largest cities of the country, where the salaries paid are much above the average for the cities of the country as a whole. SUPERVISORS AND SPECIAL TEACHERS Within recent years there has grown up much specialization in various classes of instruction, and this has led to the appointment of supervisors, as they are commonly called, or special teachers, who have charge of a single kind of instruction throughout the whole school system. Special lines of work which are carried on in this manner are music, drawing, manual train- ing, physical training, penmanship, sewing, cooking, etc. Supervisors of grammar and primary work are also reported, but this is in the nature of supervisory work rather than special instruction. The supervisors of kinder- gartens have already been tabulated in Table I. In the following tables the salaries of supervisors and special teachers are presented. , The order of arrangement is as in Table I, according to the size of city from largest to smallest. The division into groups is merely indicated, no summaries being made. Averages have not been made for supervisors or directors and their assistants or teachers in combination, but only for the two or more of the same grade in the few cases where such are reported. The tables follow: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 55 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MUSIC CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary 3 M $4,ooo 2 M 2,i6o M i,6oo M 1,500 M 1,400 23 F 1,400 M 1,300 F 1,300 F 1,260 F 1,200 F 1,100 F 1,000 52 1,421 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary New York, N.Y. Average. Chicago, lU . . . . , Average Philadelphia, Pa $1,600 1,600 1,400 1,511 3,000 1,000 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 St. Louis, Mo. . Average . . . Average . . . Boston, Mass... Average. . . Baltimore, Md., Cleveland, Ohio Average . . . Buffalo, N.Y... Average. . . M M $1,968 1,856 1,912 F F 1,320 960 .. 1,200 M 3,000 M M F 2,652 2,076 1,044 F 1,632 F F 1,500 900 M F 1,500 1,200 1,350 M 1,600 M F 1,550 1,200 1,317 San Francisco, Calif Pittsburg, Pa Cincinnati, Ohio Milwaukee, Wis. . . . Detroit, Mich New Orleans, La. . . Average Washington, D. C, Average Newark, N.J LouisviUe, Ky MinneapoUs, Minn $1,620 900 1,500 2,100 1,600 1,500 1,500 675 630 585 630 1,400 1,000 1,000 825 800 700 650 600 550 769 1,500 950 1,200 1,300 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 Indianapolis, Ind . Providence, R. I.. Rochester, N.Y. . Denver, Colo Allegheny, Pa ... . Columbus, Ohio.. Worcester, Mass. . Los Angeles, Calif M $2,500 M 2,000 F 1,000 F 1,300 M 1,600 M 1,000 F 1,425 M 1,750 F 950 F 1,300 F 1,200 New Haven, Conn Syracuse, N. Y. . . Fall River, Mass. . Memphis, Tenn.. . Omaha, Neb Paterson, N.J St. Joseph, Mo Scranton, Pa Lowell, Mass $2,300 1,500 1,000 1,200 900 1,235 1,500 900 1,200 1,250 700 56 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF M.VSIC— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 City Num- U.. Yearly ber 1 --^^ Salary M $2,000 F 8oo M I,200 M 1,900 F 1,125 F 1,100 F 650 F 550 M 1,400 F 1,000 M 1,300 F 1,100 M 1,500 M 1,800 F 1,200 M 7 900 M 1,700 F 900 F 800 M 650 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Cambridge, Mass. . . Atlanta, Ga Albany, N.Y Dayton, Ohio Grand Rapids, Mich Reading, Pa Nashville, Tenn Wilmington, Del Camden, N.J Trenton, N. J Troy, N.Y Lynn, Mass Oakland, Calif New Bedford, Mass. Somerville, Mass Lawrence, Mass. . . . Springfield, Mass . . . Peoria, 111 Evansville, Ind Manchester, N. H. .. Utica, N. Y Salt Lake City, Utah Waterbury, Conn. . . Elizabeth, N. J Erie, Pa Wilkesbarre, Pa Kansas City, Kans. . Norfork, Va Harrisburg, Pa $i,Soo 700 1,500 1,200 1,200 500 1,350 1,450 750 500 500 703 504 1,050 810 900 800 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Holyoke, Mass Youngstown, Ohio Ft. Wayne, Ind. . . , Akron, Ohio Tacorpa, Wash Covington, Ky Lancaster, Pa Lincoln, Neb Brockton, Mass. . . Schenectady, N. Y Pawtucket, R. I... Birmingham, Ala. , Spokane, Wash Altoona, Pa , Saginaw, Mich Wheeling, W. Va. . Johnstown, Pa Haverhill, Mass. . . Atlantic City, N. J , Taunton, Mass. . . . Newcastle, Pa Passaic, N.J Canton, O Sioux City, Iowa. . M $1,100 F 1,200 M 1,100 M 1,600 F 1,000 (a) 1,250 M 650 M 500 M 800 M 850 F 650 M 500 M 1,200 M 1,200 F 810 F 675 F 1,000 F 1,000 M 1,000 M 950 F 300 F 750 M 1,600 M 810 F 800 F 950 M 900 Terre Haute, Ind . Allentown, Pa. . . . McKeesport, Pa. . Dubuque, Iowa. . . Davenport, Iowa. Salem, Mass Elmira, N. Y..... Maiden, Mass Superior, Wis York, Pa Newton, Mass Springfield, 111.... Butte, Mont Chester, Pa Chelsea, Mass. . . . Topeka, Kans Fitchburg, Mass. . E. St. Louis, Mo. . Rockford, lU . Auburn, N. Y Racine, Wis JoUet, 111 Woonsocket, R. I. Sacramento, Calif, La Crosse, Wis. . . i 850 700 1,000 750 7 so 1,200 850 1,700 850 225 1,800 1,000 1,050 570 1,200 630 300 540 1,200 900 850 550 700 1,100 1,000 750 a Not reported. h Thirteen-twentieths time. c Part time to other work. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 Oshkosh, Wis Williamsport, Pa. . . Pueblo, Colo New Britain, Conn. Everett, Mass Cedar Rapids, Iowa Bay City, Mich Fort Worth, Tex.... Easton, Pa Gloucester, Mass. . . N. Adams, Mass — Jackson, Mich F $ 600 F 495 F 950 M 1,250 M 2,500 F 900 F 725 F 950 F 475 F 800 M 1,200 M 1,200 F 800 Kalamazoo, Mich. . . Quincy, Mass Hamilton, O Kingston, N.Y Newburgh, N. Y Aurora (E. side), lU. Aurora (W. side), IJl Lima, O Nashua, N.H Meriden, Conn Jamestown, N. Y. . . Wichita, Kans Waltham, Mass F 775 M 800 M 1,140 F 700 M 200 F s8o F 300 F 570 M 1,000 M 1,200 M 750 F 810 M 1,000 a Three and one-half days a week. b Two days a week. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 57 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MVSlC—Coniinued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 2o,ooo TO 3o,ooo — Continued City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary M $ 1,200 F 1,080 M 1,000 M 1,000 M 95° F 750 F 1,200 M 300 M 800 cs M 750 F 600 M 1,000 F 950 F 700 M 1,000 F 900 M 1,000 F 1,150 M 900 F 1,000 F 650 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Poughkeepsie, N. Y. . . Muncie, Ind Lewiston, Me echoes, N.Y Zanesville, O Bloomington, 111 Colorado Springs, Colo Sheboygan, Wis East Orange, N. J Elgm, lU Watertown, N.Y Burlington, Iowa Clinton, Iowa Pittsfield, Mass Anderson, Ind Norristown, Pa Newport, R. I Decatiu-, 111 Bangor, Me Warwick, R.I Brookhne, Mass Niagara Falls, N.Y. Shenandoah, Pa Rock Island, lU Evanston, 111 Port Huron, Mich Paducah, Ky Madison, Wis Chicopee, Mass New Albany, Ind. . . . New Brunswick, N. J Concord, N.H Medford, Mass Muskegon, Mich Battle Creek, Mich... Winona, Minn Green Bay, Wis Sandusky, O $ 650 650 1,000 650 700 540 800 1,200 600 600 555 650 1,000 950 1,175 800 750 775 800 675 1,000 Two days a week. c Also German. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 T© 20,000 Marion, Ind Burlington, Vt Northampton, Mass. Gloversviile, N. Y... CentralFalls, R. I.., Lorain, Ohio Shamokin, Pa Newark, O Portsmouth, O Mansfield, O Richmond, Ind New London, Conn. Lafayette, Ind Lebanon, Pa E. Liverpool, O Stockton, Calif Great Falls, Mont... Alameda, Calif Danville, 111 Columbus, Ga El Paso, Texas Lansing, Mich Braddock, Pa F $ 900 M 1,000 M 1,000 F 550 F 500 F 800 M 1,000 F 600 M 900 F 700 M 1,100 M 1,000 M 700 M 950 F 68s M 900 (a) 1,000 F 950 F 990 F 750 F 540 F 875 F 675 F 500 F 675 Logansport, Ind. . . . Shreveport, La Stamford, Conn Lockport, N. Y Plainfield, N. J Union, N.J New Rochelle, N. Y Berkeley, Calif Parkersburg, W. Va Appleton, Wis Fond du Lac, Wis.. . Ann Arbor, Mich . . . Asheville, N. C Bradford, Pa Jacksonville, 111 Sedalia, Mo Montclair. N. J Alton lU Middletown Hazelton, Pa Waterloo, Iowa Ogdensburg, N. Y . . • 630 810 1,050 650 900 600 850 1,100 815 700 650 495 600 ^550 405 675 675 630 1,300 800 650 C540 630 6400 o Not reported. b Not full time. c Also drawing. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO 15,000 Plymouth, Pa... Cranston, R. I. . . Streator, 111. Marietta, O Muscatine, Iowa Cheyenne, Wyo. . Keokuk, Iowa . . . Beverly, Mass. . . Watervliet, N. Y Manistee, Mich.. Mt. Carmel, Pa.. Clinton, Mass . . M $305 F 672 F 700 F 720 M 900 F 600 ai F 800 M 810 M 950 F 550 F 600 M 17s F 700 Newburyport, Mass Steubenville, O Wilkinsburg, Pa. . . , Ft. Dodge, Iowa.. . , Woburn, Mass Melrose, Mass Hammond, Ind Ashtabula, O Freeport, 111 Hyde Park, Mass. . . Homestead, Mass. . . Leon inster Janesville, Wis $550 600 675 585 900 750 713 540 650 700 800 600 810 a Also drawing. 58 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MUSIC— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 10,000 TO is.ooo — Continued City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary F $ 630 F 765 F 800 M 600 F 750 ai M 713 M 800 M 600 F 450 F 646 F 585 bi F 35° F 360 ai F 1,000 M 800 F 630 Cl F 1,250 F 750 di F Soo F 720 M 360 F 630 M 1,200 M 1,000 M 750 F 560 ei M 48 bi M 650 M 675 F 4SO /i M 600 ai F 620 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Owensboro, Ky Helena, Mont Ithaca, N.Y Marlboro, Mass Chillicothe, O Menominee, Mich Auburn, Me Ansonia, Conn Wausau, Wis E. Pro\-idence, R. I. . . Cairo, 111 W.Bay City, Mich... Spartansburg, S. C. . . Leadville, Colo Westfield, Mass Marion, O Fresno, Calif Manitowoc, Wis Columbia, Pa Oklahoma City, Okla Hannibal, Mo Marshalltown Lansingburg, N. Y.. . Saratoga, N.Y Massillon, O Huntington, W. Va. . . Attleboro, Mass Charleston, W. Va . . . Dunkirk, N.Y Morristown, N. J Hornellsville, N. Y..., Greenwich, Conn. . . . Gardner, Mass Weymouth, Mass. . . . Geneva, N.Y Mankato, Minn Lawrence, Kans Bath, Me Ottawa, III Portsmouth, N. H. . . . Little FaUs.N.Y.... Johnstown, N.Y Southbridge, Mass. . . Henderson, Ky La SaUe, 111 Meadville, Pa Marquette, Mich Milford, Mass Ironton, O Greensboro, N. C Kearney, N.J Tiffin, O PhiUipsburg, N, J.... Sault St. Marie, Mich Framingham, Mass . . Naugatuck, Conn. . . . Corning, N. Y Rutland, Vt Adams, Mass Beloit, Wis $ 300 800 600 300 630 450 5 SO 650 600 450 600 320 550 600 800 700 350 450 540 225 600 800 650 575 800 700 450 850 500 650 5 70 a Also drawing. b Three days each week. c Also manual training. d Also physical culture. e Colored school. / Half time. g Half a day weekly. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF »,000 TO I0,000 Fort Scott, Kans Sunbury, Pa Pontiac, Mich Watertown, Mass. . . Iron wood, Mich . . . . Bloomfield, N. J.... Adrian, Mich Mattoon, 111 Plymouth, Mass. . . . Middletown, Conn. . Escanaba, Mich. . . . Hudson, N.Y West Chester, Pa. . . . Huntington, Ind Natick, Mass Frankfort, Ky Waterville, Me Amesbury, Mass. . . . Olean, N. Y Carthage, Mo Traverse City, Mich Port Jervis, N. Y.... Hutchinson, Kans.. . Dubois, Pa Wakefield, Mass Iron Mt. ,Mich Oskaloosa, Ga Phoenixville, Pa. . . . Batavia, N. Y Keene, N.H Pasadena, Calif F $ 600 F 450 ai F 750 bi M 350 bi M 250 F 700 Cl M 650 Cl F 650 F 500 F 638 di F 600 di F 250 F 625 F 425 F 1,000 F 600 fli F 400 M 300 I F 500 F 400 CI F 800 M 585 F 450 F 375 F 350 F 325 F 300 F 450 F 4QS M 800 F 713 M 675 M 703 F 500 ei F 300 F 900 Champaign, 111 N. Tonawanda, N. Y Duquesne, Pa Alliance, O Lincoln, 111 WiUimantic, Conn . . Sharon, Pa Long Branch, N. J.. . Webster, Mass Elyria, O Owosso, Mich Xenia, O Wabash, Ind Arlington, Mass Washington, Ind Danvers, Mass Warren, O Rochester, N.H Peru, Ind Barre, Vt Freemont, O Plattsburg, N. Y Torrington, Conn Ware, Mass Titusville, Pa Cambridge, O Bowling Green, Ky.. . Emporia, Kans Rockland, Me Columbus, Ind Chippewa Falls, Wis. Wellston, O Warren, Pa Latonia, N. H Danville, Pa Cripple Creek, Colo. . i 595 650 720 750 700 170 100 765 1,000 500 650 450 800 600 800 750 4SO S50 350 675 500 450 500 600 500 570 675 450 765 500 900 675 495 495 500 360 960 a Also drawing. b One day weekly. c Also physical culture. d Half time. e Three days per week. / Four-fifths time. g Two-fifths time. h Three and one-half days weekly. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 59 » YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF DRAWING CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER City New York, N.Y. Average. . , Average. Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary I I M M $4,ooo 3,900 2 3,950 I M 2,160 13 2 4 2 F F F F 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 I I F F 1,000 900 24 1,328 City Chicago, 111 Philadelphia, Pa. Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary $2,400 1,400 3,000 1,000 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 St. Louis, Mo. Boston, Mass. Average Baltimore, Md Cleveland, O Buffalo, N.Y San Francisco, Calif Pittsburg, Pa Cincinnati, Ohio Average . Detroit, Mich. I M $1,968 F 1,000 I M 3,600 I M 2,508 I M 2,500 3 F 1,500 5 F 1,200 10 1,551 I F 1,200 II F 648 I M 2,200 I M 1,600 3 F 750 I F 1,620 I F 900 I F 1,500 I M t.900 I F 1,100 I M 1,000 2 F 800 I F 750 I F 650 6 850 I F 1,500 New Orleans, La. . Average .... Washington, D. C. Average Newark, N.J Jersey City, N. J. . . Louisville, Ky Minneapolis, Minn 765 630 540 638 1,400 1,200 1,000 900 850 800 700 650 600 600 550 525 737 1,500 1,000 2,400 1,500 2,000 900 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 Indianapolis, Ind Providence, R. I. Rochester, N. Y . Denver, Colo. . . . Average. . Allegheny, Pa . . . Columbus, O.. . . Worcester. Mass. I F $2,500 I F 1,500 I F 1,800 2 F 1,000 I F 1,200 I F 1,000 I M 1,700 I F 1,400 2 1,550 F 1,100 F 800 M 1.425 M 1,800 M 1,300 F 850 F 300 Los Angeles, Calif . New Haven, Conn Syracuse, N. Y. . Fall River, Mass. Omaha, Neb . . Paterson, N. J. St. Joseph, Mo, Scranton, Pa. . Lowell, Mass.. $ 1,300 1,200 1,700 1,100 1,000 1,235 1,000 1,125 1,400 800 1,250 250 6o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF T>ViK^ING— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary F $ 800 F 650 M 1,900 F 800 M 1,900 F 1,125 F 1,000 F 1,050 F 650 ai M 1,500 M 1,000 M 1,300 F 1,200 F 900 F 1,200 F 1,250 F 950 M 1,500 F 1,500 F 1,000 M 1,500 F 700 City Num- ber Sex M F M F F F M 61 M bx M b2 F F M F F F M F M F F Salary Portland, Oregon. . . Cambridge, Mass. . . Albany, N.Y Davton, O Seattle, Wash Grand Rapids, Mich Reading, Pa Nashville, Tenn Wilmington, Del Camden, N. J Bridgeport, Conn. . . Trenton, N.J Troy, N.Y Lynn, Mass Oakland, Calif New Bedford, Mass. Somerville, Mass. . . . Lawrence, Mass. . . . Springfield, Mass . . . Hoboken, N.J Peoria, 111 Evansville, Ind Manchester, N. H. . . Utica, N. Y Duluth, Minn Salt Lake City, Utah Waterbury, Conn. . . EHzabeth, N. J Erie, Pa Norfolk, Va Harrisburg, Pa $1,600 700 900 720 1,500 1,200 1,200 1,100 700 700 1,050 1,450 850 1,000 665 456 750 950 700 475 a Also penmanship. b Also manual training, CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Holyoke, Mass — Youngstown, O.. . Ft. Wayne, Ind. . . Akron, O Tacoma, Wash. . . Covington, Ky Lincoln, Neb Dallas, Texas Brockton, Mass. . . Schenectady, N. Y Pawtucket, R. I... Altoona, Pa Saginaw, Mich — Johnstown, Pa Haverhill, Mass. . . Terre Haute, Ind. Allentown, Pa Dubuque, Iowa. . . Davenport, Iowa.. Salem, Mass Elmira, N. Y Maiden, Mass F $1,200 F 800 F 1,200 F 1,100 F 1,000 F 850 (a) 700 F 800 F 900 F 700 F 900 F 800 M 750 M 1,400 F 700 F 540 F 1,000 F 1,000 F 800 F 950 F 300 F 750 F 1,000 F 1,500 F 900 M 1,500 Bayonne, N.J Superior, Wis York, Pa Newton, Mass Springfield, 111 Butte, Mont Chelsea, Mass Topeka, Kans Fitchburg, Mass . . . E. St. Louis, Mo.. . Atlantic City, N. J . Montgomery, Ala. . Taunton, Mass. . . . Newcastle, Pa Passaic, N.J Canton, O Sioux City, Iowa. . . Auburn, N. Y Racine, Wis Joliet, lU Chattanooga, Tenn Woonsocket, R. I. . Sacramento, Calif.. La Crosse, Wis. . . . $ 7SO 900 765 2,000 1,000 1,050 850 525 630 750 1,200 750 1,000 1,000 630 850 950 900 900 800 800 540 750 1,000 1,000 725 a Not reported. b Also penmanship. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 Oshkosh, Wis Pueblo, Colo New Britain, Conn. Everett, Mass Cedar Rapids, Iowa Bay City, Mich Fort Worth, Texas.. Gloucester, Mass. . . N. Adams, Mass Jackson, Mich Quincy, Mass Hamilton, O Kingston, N. Y F $ 7SO F 950 F 750 F 700 F 200 F 900 F 800 M 1,188 F 800 F 200 M 1,200 M 800 F 900 M 760 F 700 F 550 Newburgh, N. Y Aurora (E. side). 111. Aurora (W. side). 111. Nashua, N.H Meriden, Conn Jamestown, N. Y. . . Waltham, Mass Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Muncie, Ind Lewiston, Me Cohoes, N. Y Zanesville, O Bloomington, 111 ... . Newport News, Va . . 850 900 1,100 800 709 600 1,050 600 700 900 500 700 950 600 540 a Also manual training. b Also WTiting. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 6i YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF T)KKyNmG— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 2o,ooo TO 30,ooo — Continued City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary F $1,200 F 750 F 1,200 F 800 F 550 hi F 700 F 66s M 1,000 M 810 F 700 F 1,000 F 300 F 700 F 600 F 700 F 1,200 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Colorado Springs, Colo Sheboygan, Wis East Orange, N.J Elgin, lU Watertown, N. Y Burlington, Iowa Clinton, Iowa Pittsfield, Mass Anderson, Ind Norristown, Pa , Newport, R. I , Decatur, 111 Bangor, Me Warwick, R. I Brookline, Mass , Brookline, Mass.. . Niagara Falls, N. Y Shenandoah, Pa. . . Rock Island, 111.... Evanston, 111 Madison, Wis , Chicopee, Mass... . Concord, N. H Medford, Mass Muskegon, Mich. . . Battle Creek, Mich. Winona, Minn Sandusky; O 950 800 540 750 1,100 750 222 67s 1,000 800 400 800 ISO 800 1,000 b Also writing. CITIES OF 15,000 TO 20,000 Marion, Ind Burlington, Vt Northampton, Mass Gloversville, N. Y.. . CentralFalls, R. I.., Lorain, Ohio. ...... Newark, Ohio Mansfield, Ohio Richmond, Ind New London, Conn. Lafayette, Ind Great Falls, Mont... Alameda, Calif El Paso, Texas Lansing, Mich Logansport, Ind. . . . ai M $ 900 F 575 F 200 F 800 &i F 650 F 800 F 650 M 1,000 F 810 F 1,000 F 900 M 750 F 950 F 990 F 990 F 825 F 500 F 630 Shreveport, La Stamford, Conn Lockport, N. Y Plainfield, N. J New Rochelle, N. Y Berkeley, Calif Michigan City, Ind. Appleton, Wis , Ann Arbor, Mich . . , Jacksonville, 111 Alton, 111 Middletown, N. Y. . Waterloo, Iowa. ... Ogdensburg, N. Y . 720 850 750 650 800 1,100 400 1,100 76s 324 270 700 675 800 700 540 700 a Also manual training. b Also penmanship. CITIES WITH POPULATIC F $ 540 F 500 F 600 F 700 M 1,200 M 200 F 550 F 650 M 800 F 550 F 600 F 675 F 608 M 600 M 750 F 270 F 700 F 550 F 1,000 F 600 F 630 F 900 M 1,000 F 600 ai M 1,200 F 476 F 650 F 500 F 646 M 1,000 ai F 720 F 1,200 F 425 Kankakee, 111 Cranston, R. I Marietta, O Muscatine, Iowa . . . Beverly, Mass Watervliet, N. Y... Manistee, Mich Chnton. Mass , Newbury port, Mass Steubenville, O Wilkinsburg, Pa. . . . Ft. Dodge, Iowa. . . . Woburn, Mass Melrose, Mass Ashtabula, O Freeport, 111 Hyde Park, Mass. . . Homestead, Pa Leominster, Mass. . , Owensboro, Ky Helena, Mont Ithaca, N.Y Marlboro, Mass Chillicothe, O Auburn, Me Ansonia, Conn Wausau, Wis E. Providence, R. I. Westfield, Mass Marion, Ohio Fresno, Calff Manitowoc, Wis. . . . Hannibal, Mo Marshalltown, Iowa. . Lansingburg, N. Y Massillon, O Attleboro, Mass Morristown, N. J Greenwich, Conn Milford, Mass Greensboro, N. C Kearnev, N.J Tiffin, Ohio Sault Ste. Marie, Mich Framingham, Mass... . Naugatuck, Conn Corning, N. Y Revere, Mass Rutland, Vt Adams, Mass Beloit, Wis G ardner. Mass Weymouth, Mass Geneva, N. Y LawTence, Kans Ottawa, 111 Portsmouth, N. H Little Falls, N. Y Johnstown, N.Y Southb ridge, Mass. . . . Henderson, Ky La Salle, 111 Peekskill, N. Y Marquette, Mich I 585 540 600 450 650 800 700 650 450 360 700 650 600 700 1,000 350 600 600 850 66s 700 400 Soo 450 750 750 550 600 550 550 600 350 700 a Also penmanship. b One and one-half days a week. c Two days a week. 62 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF DRAWING— Cow^wMeti CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO lO.OOO City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary F $ 700 F 700 F 700 ai F 350 ai F 240 M 1,300 hi F 750 F 375 F 500 F 400 CI M 800 F 400 F 67s F 585 F 500 F 600 di F 300 F 900 F 50s F 700 F 350 F 475 City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary CI F $720 CI F 700 I F 250 CI F 67s I F 800 ei M 750 /I F 650 ^i F 360 ai F 540 hi F 450 ti F 75 I F 500 n F 300 I F 300 I F 600 I F 300 CI F 650 kl F 440 I M Soo I F 570 CI F 630 I F 375 Watertown, Mass . . . . Ironwood, Mich Adrian, Mich Plymouth, Mass Middletown, Conn. . . West Chester, Pa Huntington, Ind Frankfort, Ky Waterville, Me Amesbury, Mass Olean, N. Y Waukegan, lU Carthage, Mo Traverse City, Mich. . Wakefield, Mass Batavia, N. Y Keene, N. H.. Pasadena, Calif Champaign, lU N. Tonawanda, N. Y. Duquesne, Pa Alliance, O Willimantic, Conn. Sharon, Pa Long Branch, N. J . Webster, Mass Elyria, O Owosso, Mich Wabash, Ind Arhngton, Mass Dan vers. Mass Warren, O Rochester, N.H.. Barre, Vt Watertown, Wis. . Plattsburg, N. Y. Torrington, Conn. Ware, Mass Titusville, Pa Columbus. Ind. . . Laconia, N. H a Half time. b Also art. c Also penmanship. d Three days a week. e Also commercial. / Also sewing. g Three-fifths time. h Two days a week. i One day a week. / One-fourth time. k Also-teaches in Winsted, total sal- ary $1,100. YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MANUAL TRAINING CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER New York, N.Y. Average. I M $4,000 10 F 1,400 2 F 1,300 8 F 1,200 4 F 1,100 2 F 1,000 26 1,254 Chicago, 111. Average . I M 10 M M M F M M M M F 22 $3,000 1,400 1,300 1,100 1,100 1,000 900 800 700 700 1,177 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 St. Louis, Mo. Average. . Boston, Mass. Average San Francisco, Calif. Pittsburg, Pa Milwaukee, Wis I M $1,312 6 M 896 4 M 800 II 899 I M 2,508 3 M 1,200 2 F 1,200 3 M 996 15 F 996 3 F 948 I M 900 3 F 900 3 F 852 I F 804 34 992 I M 1,800 5 M x,ooo 3 M 1,500 02 F 900 I F 1,200 I M 500 Detroit, Mich. Average Washington, D. C. Average . Newark, N. J . Average MinneapoUs, Minn. Average . M M $1,700 900 750 850 850 825 800 600 790 2,200 1,200 1,100 1,000 950 800 962 1,800 1,0 "JO 850 Sloyd. b Teachers of carpentry. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 63 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MANUAL TRAINmG— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 City Num- Sex Yearly ber Salary ' M $1,500 I M 2,COO 9 F 650 2 F 600 I F 550 12 633 I M 713 I M 570 ai F 523 I M 475 ai F 475 ai F 428 6 531 I M 1,200 I M 760 I F 760 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Indianapolis, Ind . Rochester, N. Y . . Average . Toledo, Ohio. Average. Denver, Colo. Allegheny, Pa. Average. . . . Worcester, Mass. Average Los Angeles, Calif New Haven, Conn Syracuse, N. Y . . . Paterson, N.J $1,400 1-350 1,300 1,250 1,000 850 2,000 1,200 1,100 1,050 900 800 1,042 1,400 750 1,000 1,000 1,275 a Knife work. b Sloyd. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 Atlanta, Ga Grand Rapids, Mich NashviUe, Tenn M $1,500 M 1,000 M 800 F 525 M 2,000 M 700 F 700 M. 1,300 M 1,000 F 900 Wilmington, Del New Bedford, Mass. Springfield, Mass. . . Manchester, N. H . . . San Antonio, Tex . . . Salt Lake City, Utah Erie, Pa . 3 M CI M I M I M 2 M 2 F I M I M I M I M I M $1,000 800 1,600 1,300 700 700 1,200 700 1,200 1,450 1,197 c Colored. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Youngstown, O . . Birmingham, Ala Altoona, Pa Saginaw, Mich. . . Johnstown, Pa. . . Haverhill, Mass. . Davenport, Iowa. Superior, Wis Newton, Mass.. . M $1,200 F 900 M 1,350 ai M 1,000 bi F 650 M 1,100 Cl M 950 (d) 1,000 M 1,500 M 750 CI F 800 Topeka, Kan Rockford, 111 Atlantic City, N. J Taunton, Mass. . . Passaic, N. J Auburn, N. Y Joliet, 111 540 495 405 360 1,000 900 1,000 5 SO 500 700 1,200 1,100 800 a Woodwork. b Knifework. c Sloyd. d Not reported. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 Oshkosh, Wis Pueblo, Colo New Britain, Conn Everett, Mass Kalamazoo, Mich. , M $1,250 M 1,200 F 665 M 1,000 F 700 F 750 F 625 F 600 M 425 F 350 Newburg, N. Y Aurora (E. side). 111. . . Jamestown, N. Y Lewiston, Me Bloomington, 111 Newport News, Va . . . . Colorado Springs, Colo East Orange, N. J 1,300 1,400 1,000 550 775 1,100 360 900 900 e Also mechanical drawing 64 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF MANUAL TRAINING— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 2o,ooo TO 30,000 — Continued City Num- ber Sex Yearly ^^"^ Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Austin, Tex M M M F M M M M $1,500 7SO 650 650 850 2,700 1,500 1,300 Rock Island, 111 /I CI M F F M M M M F $1,250 850 700 Norristown, Pa Evanston, 111 1,500 Brookline, Mass . . . Medford, Mass Battle Creek, Mich 800 500 c Sloyd. / Four days a week. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 15,000 TO 20,000 Northampton, Mass Richmond, Ind San Diego, Calif Alameda, Calif Columbus, Ga Braddock, Pa Shreveport, La Stamford, Conn F $ 500 M 1,000 M 800 M 1,210 F 825 M 1,200 F 540 M 1,350 M 1,200 ai M 320 Union, N. J NewRochelle, N. Y Atchison, Kan Ann Arbor, Mich . . . Asheville, N. C Bradford, Pa Jacksonville, 111 Montclair, N.J $I,OOo 700 1,200 585 1,200 800 650 675 1,200 850 $4 pr day CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO I5,000 Melrose, Mass Homestead, Pa. . . Helena, Mont Menominee, Mich Wausau, Wis F $ 400 I M 1,500 M 900 F 700 di F 900 M 760 M 700 Westfield, Mass Sault St. Marie, Mich Naugatuck, Conn. . . . Sherman, Tex Bath, Me Marquette, Mich ei M h M g^ M M M M 750 900 180 900 600 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO I0,000 Watertown, Mass Bloomfield, N.J., Plymouth, Mass. . West Chester, Pa. Huntington, Ind. Waukegan, 111 Carthage, Mo M $1,000 h2 F 825 F 700 M 700 dl F 360 M 850 F 750 M 1,000 .F 675 Wakefield, Mass N. Tonawanda, N.Y Willimantic, Conn. . Long Branch, N. J. . Elyria, O Arlington, Mass Emporia, Kans Chippewa Falls, Wis dx F M M F n M k, M F M 600 900 500 750 650 1,140 540 630 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER New York, N. Y. Average. Average . I M $4,000 I M 3,000 2 F 2,500 4 3,000 2 1,400 3 1,200 I 1,100 4 1,100 2 900 12 1,142 Chicago, 111. Average . I M M M M F M F 2 F 21 $3,000 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 800 1,128 a Two days a week for 25 weeks. b Three days a week. c Lathe and vise work. d Sloyd. e Includes repair work. / Bench and tray work. g Part of time. h Also art. i One-half time. / Sloyd and writing. k Four days a week. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 65 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING— ConHnued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary St. Louis, Mo M F M M M M F $1,104 952 896 724 672 640 340 Cleveland, O ai I M F F Average 1,100 1,000 M M M M M F 1,050 San Francisco, Calif Cincinnati, O 1,800 1,200 Average II I M M M F F F 748 3,000 2,280 1,800 1,200 936 900 Boston, Mass 1,900 Average 1,200 800 800 I 2 I I 2 I I I M F F F F F F F F F 960 Milwaukee, Wis . . . Average II M F M F 1,277 1,500 700 504 504 1,000 Detroit, Mich Baltimore, Md Washington, D. C 1,000 800 650 600 500 Average 6 537 9 I F a Hygiene. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 Indianapolis, Ind I I I I M F M F $1,800 1,200 1,000 650 I I I I M F F M $ 950 1,100 Providence, R. I Worcester, Mass Allegheny, Pa. . . Syracuse, N. Y St. Joseph, Mo I 200 675 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 Portland, Ore. . . , Cambridge, Mass Atlanta, Ga Dayton, O Camden, N. J . . . Bridgeport, Conn Trenton, N. J . . . M $ 850 F 900 F 700 M 1,200 F 1,125 M 1,000 M 1,400 F 1,100 Oakland, Calif... Springfield, Mass Peoria, 111 Evansville, Ind. . . Duluth, Minn Elizabeth, N.J... Harrisburg, Pa. . . $1,200 660 660 1,300 1,500 1,200 900 500 1.045 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Ft. Wayne, Ind. . . Schenectady, N. Y Altoona, Pa Terre Haute, Ind. McKeesport, Pa. . Dubuque, Iowa. .. M $1,000 F 650 F 250 F 540 M 900 M 900 F 750 Davenport, Iowa. . . Elmira, N. Y Newton, Mass Passaic, N.J Canton, O Chattanooga, Tenn M ai M F F F F F $1,100 450 650 1,000 750 713 540 a Half time. 66 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF PHYSICAL TKKmmG— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary New Britain, Conn F M F F F M M $ 700 1,050 450 350 1,000 450 450 East Orange, N.J ai F F F M M F F $ 000 Jamestown, N. Y Pittsfield, Mass. . . t. Newport, R. I BrookUne, Mass 2,400 Waltham, Mass Sandusky, O 900 450 500 Bloomington, 111 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 TO 20,000 Northampton, Mass. Mansfield, O San Diego, Calif. . . . Stamford, Conn Union, N.J F $500 F 585 M Soo M 800 M 950 New Rochelle, N. Y. Fond du Lac, Wis. . . Ashevi'lie, N. C Montclair, N.J ax F I M I F I F $550 500 180 800 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO IS,000 Leominster, Mass. Helena, Mont Leadville, Colo. . . I F $400 I F 765 I M 600 Tiffin, O Naugatuck, Conn. Rutland, Vt I F I M hx F $450 300 600 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO I0,000 Carthage, Mo . $585 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF COOKING CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER New York, N.Y. I F $2,500 16 F 1,200 5 F 1,100 4 F 1,000 25 1,148 Chicago, 111. F $1,125 !<• i,07S h' 1,050 h' 975 !<• 925 \^' 875 h' 800 1^' 750 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 St. Louis, Mo. Average. , Boston, Mass. Average San Francisco, Calif. Pittsburg, Pa Milwaukee, Wis .... Average. $944 8g6 800 869 936 888 840 792 744 648 600 552 805 1,500 840 900 700 600 675 Detroit, Mich. Average , Washington, D. C. Average Newark, N.J Minneapolis, Minn. Average . F F F $ 700 650 600 SSo soo 608 1,200 900 800 775 700 650 600 550 500 680 950 900 75° 050 738 a Half time. h Also elocution. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 67 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF COOKING— Cow/mwei CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary I 2 F F $523 428 3 459 ai2 F 850 2 F 600 2 F 500 4 S50 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Toledo, O Average. . . , Allegheny, Pa. . . Worcester, Mass Average. . . . Los Angeles, Calif. New Haven, Conn Syracuse, N. Y. . . Fall River, Mass. . Average $1,300 850 600 800 900 520 480 440 585 a Domestic science 8, domestic art 2, domestic science and art 2. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 Lynn, Mass New Bedford, Mass. Springfield, Mass . . . I F $600 I F 650 2 F 800 I F . 600 Utica, N. Y. Waterbury, Conn. Erie, Pa 1 F 2 F I F I F $900 700 5 SO 646 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Saginaw, Mich. . Haverhill, Mass. Davenport, Iowa. I F $700 I F 600 I F 350 I F 900 Springfield, 111. Passaic, N. J. . Auburn, N. Y. I F I F I F $1,000 850 900 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 New Britain, Conn. Bay City, Mich Quincy, Mass Aurora (West side). 111. Jamestown, N. Y Waltham, Mass CUnton, Iowa ai F $750 F 450 F 600 F 100 F 100 bi F 500 F 300 61 F 450 Newport, R. I Niagara Falls, N.Y. Evanston, 111 Concord, N.H Medford, Mass Battle Creek, Mich. . F F ai F ai F ai F F CI F fli F 670 350 700 500 1,200 425 400 700 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 TO 20,000 Alameda, Calif. Columbus, Ga. , Braddock, Pa. . . Stamford, Conn. F $ 880 F 700 F 180 F 1,000 F 800 Ann Arbor, Mich . Bradford, Pa Jacksonville, 111 . . , Montclair, N. J. . . I F I F I F I F $700 700 675 850 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO I5,qOO Newburyp)ort, Mass. Wausau, Wis Westfield, Mass dl F $480 I F 800 dl F 500 Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. Meadville, Pa Marquette, Mich I F I F I F $600 6co 800 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO I0,000 Iron wood, Mich Champaign, 111 N. Tonawanda, N. Y. I F $750 I F 595 I F 700 Long Branch, N. J . . . Chippewa Falls, Wis. Warren, Pa I F I F I F $750 540 675 a For 20 lessons. b Domestic arts. c Three days per week. Also sewing. NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF SEWING CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 1,000,000 OR OVER City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary I F $2,SOO I F 2,000 2 2,250 35 F 1,200 9 F 1,100 2 F 1,000 3 F 900 49 1,155 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary New York, N.Y. Average Average. Philadelphia, Pa. a$77o 6470 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 200,000 TO 1,000,000 St. Louis, Mo. . Boston, Mass. . Baltimore, Md. Buffalo, N. Y. Average . . Detroit, Mich. Average . 5 F % 632 42 F CS73 I F 900 .4 F 504 I F 1,000 8 F 62 s 2 F 600 10 620 2 F 700 3 F 600 2 F 550 7 614 Washington, D. C. Newark, N. J . I F I F 20 F 3 F 2 F 3 F 29 I F I F $1,200 1,000 600 550 525 500 593 1,200 900 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 100,000 TO 200,000 Rochester, N.Y. Toledo, O Average . I F $750 2 I F F 523 428 3 491 Denver, Colo New Haven, Conn. Syracuse, N. Y. . . . Lowell, Mass 1 F 2 F 1 F 2 F I F $1,000 760 750 800 800 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 Cambridge, Mass. Average .... Wilmington, Del. Average. . . Oakland, Calif. a Maximum. h Minimum. Saginaw, Mich. . Haverhill, Mass. Superior, Wis . . . Newton, Mass. . a Not reported. F F $ 700 600 650 F 900 dl F F 475 400 415 ei F 1,100 New Bedford, Mass. SomerviUe, Mass. Lawnrence, Mass . . Springfield, Mass. San Antonio, Tex Salt Lake City, Utah. e Also cooking. CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 c Average; maximum $936 d Also cooking; colored. I F $550 I F 700 I F 750 (a) ^' 625 Fitchburg, Mass. Taunton, Mass. . Passaic, N. J I F 3 F 3 F 3 F 1 F 2 F I F I F 650 550 650 500 700 500 1,200 800 I F I F I F I F $480 500 700 500 i COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 69 YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF SEWING— Continued CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary 0<;Viko<^h Wis bi Cl F F F F F F F F F $45° 950 42 s 525 600 600 300 l^° 650 Lewiston, Me F F F F F F F F $525 East Orange, N. J Norristown, Pa 550 Bav City Mich Newport, R. I Quincy, Mass Concord, N. H 440 Newburg, N. Y Aurora (East side), 111 Aurora (West side), lU Waltham, Mass 625 Medford, Mass 400 550 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 TO 20,000 NewRochelle,N.Y. $750 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO I5,000 Menominee, Mich. Manitowoc, Wis. . $465 500 Portsmouth, N. H. $200 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO 10,000 West Chester. Pa.. Wakefield, Mass.. Willimantic, Conn I F $650 I F 475 I F 250 Arlington, Mass Titu.sviUe, Pa... Warren, Pa. . . . I F I F dl F $500 42S 450 b Five days per month. c Two days per week. d Also dressmaking. YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS OF PENMANSHIP CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 50,000 TO 100,000 Dayton, O Oakland, Calif. . Somerville, Mass Lawrence, Mass. I M $1,125 I M 1,500 I M 1,500 I M 1,200 Springfield, Mass. Utica, N.Y Duluth, Minn I F I F I F $1,200 700 675 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Holyoke, Mass. Youngstown, O Covington, Ky.. Spokane, Wash Saginaw, Mich. F $1,000 F 1,200 (a) 700 F 810 bl M 500 McKeesport, Pa. Maiden, Mass. .. Chester, Pa Newcastle, Pa. . . Woonsocket, R. I $1,200 900 618 675 300 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 New Britian, Conn. Cedar Rapids, Iowa Kingston, N.Y Poughkeepsie, N. Y Zanesville, O dl M $1,400 M 810 M 1,000 M 600 M 950 Bangor, Me Niagara Falls, N. Y New Albany, Ind. . Winona, Minn I F I M I F I F $ 600 1,050 720 850 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 TO 20,000 Marion, Ind. . . Lorain, O I^afayette, Ind Braddock, Pa. I F $600 I M 900 I F 750 I M e85o Lockport, N. Y New Rochelle, N. Y Parkersburg, W. Va Michigan City, Ind I F I F I M I M $750 750 815 675 a Not reported, b Half time. c One-half time. d Also bookkeeping in high school. e Also drawing. 70 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION YEARLY SALARIES OF SUPERVISORS OF PENMANSHIP— Co«/m«eci CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO I5,000 City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary City Num- ber Sex Yearly Salary Marietta O I I F M $500 800 Ashtabula, O I I M M $ 67s Beverly, Mass Portsmouth, N. H CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO I0,000 Middletown Conn CI M $150 Pasadena, Calif. I F $810 a One day per month. YEARLY SALARY OF SUPERVISORS OF GERMAN CITIES WITH POPULATION OF S0,000 TO 100,000 Dayton, O . . . . Hoboken, N. J. I F $900 I M 900 I F 720 Evansville, Ind. Erie, Pa $1,200 250 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 30,000 TO 50,000 Dubuque, Iowa. $250 250 Davenport, Iowa. La Crosse, Wis. . , $600 625 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 20,000 TO 30,000 Sandusky, O . $575 500 Sandusky, O . $400 350 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I5,000 TO 20,000 I I M M $900 450 Mansfield, 0 2 I F F $450 40s Mans&eld, O CITIES WITH POPULATION OF I0,000 TO I5,000 Marietta, O . Steubenville, O. Owensboro, Ky. ChilUcothe, O.. I F $ 400 I F <;3oo I M 500 I F 630 . 2 F 360 Chillicothe, O Marshalltown, Iowa. Massillon, O Charleston, W. Va.. I M I F I F I M $405 67s S50 675 CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 TO I0,000 Waukegan, 111. $600 a In lower grades in addition to salary in High School. b Teach one hour per day. c One-half time. SALARY SCHEDULES The tendency of recent years has been to make the requirements for teach- ers in city schools more and more severe. The candidate without experience, unless a graduate of the city normal or training school, stands small chance of securing a city position. At the same time the salaries offered are low, COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 71 but to offset this, in a measure, provision is made in many cities for a regular increase with each year (or perhaps two or three) of service for a definite period, the increase with satisfactory service being practically guaranteed. The rules for determining the salaries of teachers and the increases from year to year are usually made a part of the school regulations and called the schedule of salaries. Some form of a fixed schedule of salaries is now in use in most of the large cities and in many of the smaller ones. In many cases, however, it applies to teachers in elementary schools only. These schedules follow a variety of plans. New York city has probably the most elaborate one, applying to both principals and teachers in elementary schools, teachers in high schools, and to all supervisors and special teachers. In a schedule of the simplest form, all the elementary teachers begin at the same rate, and a fixed yearly increase is given for each year of experience. An allowance for previous experience elsewhere is generally made. A maxi- mum which may be paid is fixed, to be reached, perhaps, in four or six years. Thus, in Muscatine, Iowa, the minimum, at which grade teachers begin, is $300 per year; a yearly increase of $50 is given, the maximum, $500, being reached in four years. In Freeport, 111., for example, a somewhat more elaborate schedule is in effect for grade teachers. Thus, in all grades beginners receive $350 a year. In grade 2 the yearly increases are $25, continuing for two years to reach the maximum of $400. In grades 3 to 5 the increases continue for four years to a maximum of $450, while in grades i, 6, and 7 two more yearly advances bring the maximum to $500, and in grade 8 two further yearly advances carry the salary to $550. This distinction between grades appears to be rather common, teachers in grades i and 8, the lowest and highest grades, usually being paid higher salaries than those in the intermediate grades. On the other hand the superintendent in a Wisconsin city stated, in giving the schedule in use in his city. We have done away with rating according to grade taught and we find it far more satisfactory to the teachers. There is less desire on the part of the teachers to push into primary and upper grades, where salaries are usually (and have been here) larger. The poorest work is done in the intermediate grades, I believe, and this in part accounts for it. Making no difference in salaries as to grade is going to keep good teachers in the intermediate grades. Jersey City, N. J., has a salary schedule estabHshed by state law and adopted by a referendum vote of the citizens. As its history may be of inter- est in other cities seeking to secure a salary schedule, an account of it, fur- nished by Mr. Henry Snyder, superintendent of the schools of Jersey City, is given herewith. The salaries paid in Jersey City prior to 1900 were regarded as entirely inadequate. Efforts had been made on frequent occasions to raise the salaries, but generally without success. In 1897, at the suggestion of Mayor P. F. Wanser, a bill was introduced into the legislature which prescribed the lowest salary which could be paid to each class of teachers employed. This bill made no progress, never having been reported by the legislative committee to which it had been referred. In the following year, 1898, a similar 72- NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION bill was inlroduced with no better result. In 1900, a bill fixing a minimum salary schedule in which the salaries fixed were considerably larger than those contained in the bills of 1897 and 1898, was prepared by the friends of the teachers, and earnestly advocated by the mayor and the board of education. This bill became a law. In general, it pre- scribed the minimum salaries to be paid to all teachers. The bill originated in Jersey City, and was intended for the teachers of that city. In order, however, that there might be no constitutional objection to it, it had to be made general, in order that it might apply to all school districts of the state. As most of these were hostile to a bill of this character, a referendum clause was inserted in the bill, in accordance with which the provisions of the bill had to be submitted to a vote of the people in any school district desiring to adopt the measure, at any general election. In accordance with the intention of those who advocated the bill it was submitted to the voters of Jersey City in the spring election of 1900. It was adopted by a very large majority. Since then we have operated under the schedule provided by the act. Since this act was passed a new general school law for the whole state has been adopted. This general school law has embodied the pro- visions of our special salary act described above. It is therefore possible for any school district in the state to adopt the advanced schedules provided therein. Thus far, no other has done so. Inasmuch as the new schedules adopted in the act of 1900 provided for a total increase of about fifty per cent., it was felt that the immediate appHcation of this increase would be too serious a burden for the city. The act therefore provided for a gradual introduction of the improved schedules. Since 1900, therefore, a certain increment, which varies according to the rank of the teacher, has been added to those remaining in the corps. At this writing, the teachers have almost reached the maximum salaries provided in the schedule, four annual increments having been added since the passage of the act. The fiscal year of the city begins on December i. All appropriations to the school department, including those for salaries of teachers, are made for the fiscal year. Hence, all increases in salary are made to take effect at the beginning of the fiscal year, Decem- ber I. The schedule of salaries is a minimum schedule, that is, the act fixes the smallest salary which can be paid to each class of teachers. It does not, however, prevent the board of education from increasing the salaries beyond the amounts fixed in the schedule. In other words, while the minimum is fixed by law, the maximum is not. The schedule provides for all general classes of teachers. There are a few special teachers whose salaries could not be included in the schedule. The increase of each teacher's salary is based upon two elements: — i.. Length of service; 2. Efficiency. The rules of the board of education require that no teacher shall be increased in salary unless her length of service and efficiency be certified to in writing by the principal of the school, the superintendent, and the local member of the board of education. A table has been prepared to show in each city reporting for each of the classes of teachers for which fixed schedules of salaries are in use the minimum yearly schedule salary, the graded increases that are made for years of experi- ence, the number of years which are required under the plan to pass from the minimum to the maximum yearly schedule salary, and the actual average yearly salary. This latter enables a comparison to be made of the rates promised under each plan and the salary actually received under the practical operation of the plan. The actual average yearly salaries here shown cannot be com- pared with the averages given in Table I, because the classification there is general, while here it is intended to be detailed enough to show separately each of the classes for which separate schedule rates have been established. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 73 In this table the cities are arranged according to size and bear the same numbers as in the other tables previously presented. Only those cities reporting fixed salary schedules and furnishing the necessary details are represented in this table. In cities having a fixed schedule, only those posi- tions are shown in which regular advances are provided for with years of service. Thus, if a schedule provides for a flat rate, without advance for experience, such position would not appear in this table. No extended explanation will be necessary with this table. The Phila- delphia schedule will serve as an example. In grades i to 4 female teachers begin at $470 per year and receive a yearly increase of $30, ten years being required to reach the maximum of $770. In grades 5 to 8 the minimum for female teachers is $570; here also the yearly advances are $30 and a maxi- mum of $870 may be reached in ten years. The actual average yearly salary for all female teachers of grades i to 8 was found to be $711. This average salary, it may be observed, could only be reached, under the present schedule, by teachers entering at the lowest rate, $470, after eight years of service. SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary J __; S^! Max. iJ'k! Yearly ii-b Sched- 0 >• ule Salary >>^ Actual Average Yearly Salary New York, N.Y. Elementary Schools (a) — Kind, to grade 5-B, female ib) Kind, to 5th gram., f. (c). . Kind, to grade 6, i. (d) Grades 6A to 7A, i. (b) 4th gram, to 2d gram., f. (c) Grade 7,i. (d) Grade 7B, f. (6J ist gram., f. (c) Grades, f. (d) Vice-prins. and ist assts., f. Grades i to 7 A, male, (b). . Grade i to 2d gram., m. (c) Grades ito7,m. (d) Grade 7B, m. (6) ist gram., m. (c) Grade 8, m. (d) Vice-prins. and ist assts., m Heads of depts., female. . . . Assts. to prins., f Prins., 5 to II classes, f . . . . Prins., 12 or more classes, f. Heads of depts., male Assts. to prins., m Prins., 5 to II classess, m . . Prins., 12 or more classes, m. e$6oo C936 1,400 1,750 2,100 2,750 $ 40 48 84 105 100 250 150 250 16 e$i240 15 ei,320 6 ei,440 12 2,160 6 2,400 2 1,600 3 2,500 2 2,400 3 3,500 $ 960 1,556 a No increase for any year shall be made in the salary of principals unless the service of the principal shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the Board of Superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. No head of department, assistant to principal, male or female teacher in the elementary school shall receive a salary greater than that fixed for the seventh year of service, nor a salary greater than that fixed for the twelfth year of service, unless and until his or her service shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the Board of Superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. However such person (described above), who is credited with having had seven years of service in schools prior to his or her appointment in the public schools of the city of New York, shall receive the regular annual increase up to the twelfth year of service, when his or her work shall be passed upon by the Board of Superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. b In Manhattan and the Bronx. c In Brooklyn. d In Queens and Richmond. e A female teacher of a boys' class or of a mixed (boys and girls) class shall receive $60 per annum in addition to her schedule rate of pay. 74 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCREDIJIJES— Continued • Min. J3 "O Max. Yearly Sched- Actual City Position or Grade Yearly Schedule Yearly Increase in Salary Average Yearly Salary 2. " Salary Salary I. NewYork, N. Y High Schools— (a) (Continued.) Junior teachers, female $ 700 $ 50 6 $1,000 Regular teachers, female . . &I,IOO 80 10 J 1,900 ■ $1,544 ist assts., assts. to prins., or vice-prins., female > 2,000 100 5 2,500 Junior teachers, male 900 50 6 1,200 Regular teachers, male &i,30o 110 10 &2,400 [ 1,987 ist assts., assts. to prins., or vice-prins., male 1 2,500 100 5 3,000 Training Schools (a) — Regular teachers, female. . . 1,100 80 10 1,900 1,548 ist assts. ,headteachers,asst. to prins., or vice-prins., f . . . > 2,000 100 5 2,500 Regular teachers, male 1,300 no ID 2,400 ist assts., head teachers. \ 2,500 [ 2,593 assts. to prins., or vice-prins 100 ■; 3,000 male Model and critic teachers . . 1,000 100 5 1,500 (c) a No teacher in a high school or in a training school shall receive a salary greater than that fixed for the fourth year of service, nor a salary greater than that fixed for the ninth year of service, unless and until the service of such teacher shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the board of superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. A teacher, however, who is credited with having had four years of experience prior to his or her appointment in the high schools or training schools (as the case may be) of the city of New York, shall receive the regular annual increase up to the ninth year of service, when his or her work shall be passed upon by the board of superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. b Regular high-school teachers in charge of annex containing ten or more classes shall receive $500 per annum in addition to schedule rate of pay. c Not reported separately. Average for all training school teachers $1,666. I. New York, N.Y.. (Concluded.) Truant Schools (a) — Teachers, female (b) Teachers, female (c) Teachers, male (b) Teachers, male ( c) Prins. (with board and lodging) Prins. (without board and lodging) Special Teachers, etc.— Teachers of French, f Teachers of French, m . . . . Teachers of German, f . . . . Teachers of German, m. . . Teachers of phys. tr., f . . . . Teachers of phys. tr., m. . . Asst. directors phys. tr., f . . Asst. directors phys. tr., m. Directors phys. tr., m Teachers of music, f Directors music, m Teachers of cooking (d). . . Directors cooking ( e) (d) . . Teachers of sewing {d). . . . Directors of sewing ( e) (d) . Asst. directors drawing, m. Directors drawing, m Directors, kind Directors man. tr., m $ 600 600 900 900 1,800 1,000 100 1,200 100 1,000 100 1,200 100 900 100 1,200 100 2,000 100 2,500 100 3,500 100 1,000 TOO 3,500 100 900 100 1,500 100 900 100 1,500 100 2,500 100 3,500 100 2,000 100 3,500 100 $ 40 48 75 los 16 $1,240 15 1,320 12 1,800 12 2,160 3 2,100 3 2,500 4 1,400 4 1,600 4 1,400 4 1,600 3 1,200 4 1,600 5 2,500 5 3,000 5 4,000 4 1,400 5 4,000 3 1,200 5 2,000 3 1,200 5 2,000 5 3,000 5 4,000 7 2,700 5 4,000 $ 982 930 1,900 1,900 1,370 1,600 1,365 1,500 1,089 1,300 2,500 3,000 4,000 1,338 4,000 1,148 2,500 1,155 2,250 3,030 4,000 2,533 4,000 a No increase for any year shall be made in the salary of principals unless the service of the principal shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the board of superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. No male or female teacher shall receive a salary greater than that fixed for the seventh year of service, nor a salary greater than that fixed for the twelfth year of service, unless and until the service of such teacher shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the board of superintendents, the principal sitting as a member. b Holding special truant school licenses. c Holding regular elementary school licenses. d No increase for any year shall be made in the salary of any director, teachers, etc., unless the service of such director, teachers, etc., shall have been approved after inspection and investigation as fit and meritorious by a majority of the board of superintendents. e In Boroughs having 500 or more teachers. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 75 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCREDU'LES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary II Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary 6 $ 8so 2 i,ooo 6 850 2 1,000 6 875 2 1,000 2 900 1,035 4 ai,ioo 2 4 <^i,i75 1,600 ID 2,200 13 2,500 5 1,200 3 5 1,500 2,000 9 1,200 6 5 5 1,500 2,500 3,000 5 5 5 2,500 1,500 2,000 6 1,025 2 2 3 850 1,400 1,200 1,600 1,000 7 1,400 Actual Average Yearly Salary 2. Chicago, 111. Elementary Schools — Kind, teachers, group 2 . . Kind, teachers, group i . . Prim, teachers, group 2 . . Prim, teachers, group i . . Gram, teachers, group 2 . . Gram, teachers, group i . . Grade 8, group 2 Grade 8, group i Head assts., group 2 Head assts., group i Prins., under 300 pupils . . , Prins., 300 to 700 pupils. . , Prins., 700 or more pupils, High Schools — $ 550 900 550 900 550 925 900 925 a 950 U,I25 1,200 1,200 1,200 Teachers — group 3 • Teachers, group 2 Teachers, group i Teachers, French, German, and drawing, group 3 (i) Teachers, French, etc., group 2 {b) Prins., group 2 Prins., group i Chicago Normal School — Heads of depts Teachers, group 2 Teachers, group i Normal Practice School — Teachers Man. tr., gram, gr., group 2 Man. tr., gram, gr., group i Phys. cult. ,H.S., group 3 (b) Phys. cult. ,H.S., group 2(26) Phys. cult., elem., group 2 . Phys. cult., elem., group i . 850 1,200 1,500 1,200 2,000 2,500 2,000 1,000 1,500 700 1,000 1,200 1,300 1,000 1,050 $ 50— 2d, 5th yrs. 25 — 3d, 7th yrs. 75 — 4th, 6th yrs., SO 50 — 2d, 5th yrs. 25 — 3d, 7th yrs. 75 — 4th, 6th yrs., 50 50 — 2d,4th, 5th I yrs. i 75 — 3d, 6th yrs.f 25 — 7th yr. J 50 — 2d yr. 25— 3d yr. 50 50 25 100 100 100 50 — 2d yr. 75 — 3d to 6th yrs. 100 50 100 100 100 100 50 — 2d, 4th, 5th 1 yrs. 75 — 3d, 6th yrs I. 25— 7th yr. 75 200 50 $ 780 861 1,103 2,284 1,446 2,960 (c) 1,022 823 1,242 978 a Twenty-five per cent, additional when acting as principal for a period of a week or more. b Those holding special certificates only, c Not reported separately. 3 4 Philadelphia, Pa St. Louis, Mo Grades i to 4, female Grades 5 to 8, female Grade teachers, male Kindergarten — $ 470 570 950 $30 30 30 10 10 10 $ 770 870 1,250 } $ 711 1,095 Paid assts., half day 272 r 36— 2d yr. 1 I 28— 3d yr. / 2 336 325 . Paid assts., whole day 400 48 f 64-2dyr. 1 I 56— 3dyr f 1 72 — 2d, 3d yrs. \ 52— 4th yr. I 56— 5thyr. J I 448 447 Directors, half day 328 2 448 448 Directors, whole day Second Normal Instrs 528 376 4 2 780 504 747 504 First Normallnstrs Supervisors 800 1,800 1 40 — 2d yr. 1 1 56— 3d yr. f 104 — 2d yr. 1 1 72— 3d, 4th yrs. J 2 2 896 2,048 896 2,048 76 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Cow/mwet/ x — : City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Yearly Increase in Salary Max. Yearly Sched- Actual Average Yearly Salary °1 ule Salary Salary 4. St. Louis, Mo District Schools- 76 — 2d yr. (Continued.) 40— 3d yr. Second assts h%A20 44 — 4th, 5th yrs. 7 fl$7oo $ 615 24 — 6th, 7th yrs. 28— 8th yr. First assts s6o / 56 — 2d to 5th yrs. 1 1 16— 6th yr. 5 c8oo 780 56 — 2d, 3d yrs. Head assts 720 64 — 4th yr. 5 fli,ooo 936 52 — 5th, 6th yrs. , Prins., I or 2 assts 640 40— 2d yr. 1 1 48— 3dyr. / 2 728 728 Prins., 3 or 4 assts 736 f 48 — 2d, 3d yrs. 1 \ 64— 4th yr. i 64 — 2d yr. 3 896 858 Prins., 5 to 7 assts 840 56— 3d yr 40 — 4th yr. 3 1,000 952 Prin., 8 or 9 assts 976 64— 2d, 3d yrs. 1 56— 4th, 5th yrs. J ■ 128— 2d yr. 1 4 1,216 1,202 Prins., 10 or 13 assts 1,304 108 — 3d yr. 100 — 4th yr. 144 — 2d yr. 3 1,640 1,505 Prins., 14 to 17 assts 1,600 96 — 3d yr. 128 — 4th yr. 128 — 2d yr. 3 1,968 1,832 Prins., 18 or more assts 1,840 96 — 3d, 6th yrs. 1 120 — 4th, 5th yrs. . 5 a2,400 2,211 High Schools- Fifth assts 688 f 48 — 2d, 3d yrs. "1 1 56— 4th yr. 3 840 747 40 — 2d yr. Fourth assts 800 56 — 3d, 5th yrs. 4 1,000 933 vJ" vJ", O'-*'- J*^' I ^ 48-4thyr Third assts ; 1,040'* 1 56 — 2d, 4th yrs. 1 \ 48— 3d, 5th yrs. j 4 1,248 1,185 Second assts 1,312 96 — 2d yr. _ 48— 3d to 5th yrs., 4 1,552 1,460 First assts i,4S6 J 96 — 2d, 3d yr«. _ 104 — 4th, 5th yrs. 4 1,856 1,776 48 — 2d yr. Head assts 1,896 56— 3d yr. 3 2,064 2,008 1 64— 4th yr. 1 80 — 2d yr. Asst. prins 2,160 \ 120 — 3d yr. 3 2,472 2,472 [ 112 — 4th yr. Prins 3,500 100 I 3,600 3,135 Manual Training — Instrs., sewing 600 32 I 632 632 Instrs., domestic science. . . 800 96 I 896 896 Instrs., man. tr 800 96 I 896 800 Physical Culture — Instrs., H. S., female 872 40 2 952 952 Instrs., H. S., male 1,000 / 56— 2d yr. \ \ 48— 3d yr. / 32 — 2d yr. "1 2 1,104 1,104 Instrs., half day 640 24 — 3d-yr, 3 724 532 28— 4th yr. 1 Supervisors, half day 736 r 48— 2dyr. t I 56— 3d, 4th yrs. J 3 896 896 Music — Asst. supervisors, f ., half day 480 48 f 88— 2d, 3d, 4th 1 4 672 Asst. supervisors, female. . . 960 \ yrs. 96 — 5th yr. ' 128 — 2d yr 4 1,320 1,200 Supervisors, male 1,520 104 — 3d, 4th yrs. 4 1,968 1,912 .112 — 5 th yr. C904. a These special salaries to take effect September, it b Those who are not graduates of the City Normal School must have had at least two years experience. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 11 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Cow/wwet^ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary >:^ Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 4. St.Louis,Mo.(Concl'd) 5. Boston, Mass. 6. Baltimore, Md. Drawing — Second assts First assts Supervisors Primary — Asst. supervisors Supervisors Deaf Mute School — Prins Assistant supts. of schools. . Kindergarten assistants Principals, kindergarten, Primary Schools — Assts First assts Grammar Schools — Assts First assts Sub-masters Masters Latin and High School — Assts Asst. prins Junior-masters Mechanical Arts High School- Special instructors Asst. instructors Instructors. Junior-masters Normal School assts Normal School masters Kindergarten teacher's assts . Kindergarten teachers Grade teachers Group assts., group M Man. tr. teachers Principals, group L Prins., all groups except L. . $ 720 1,520 960 1,520 1,120 3,600 432 624 552 984 552 972 1,500 972 1,620 1,476 600 972 1,500 1,476 1,140 2,340 200 (1300 450 600 1,500 1,800 80 — 2d yr. 104 — 3d, 5th yrs. 96 — 4th yr. 48 — 2d yr. 88— 3d, 4th yr. 96 — 5th yr. 128 — 2d yr. 104 — 3d, 4th yrs. 112 — 5th yr. 88— 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 96 — sth yr. 128 — 2d yr. 104 — 3d, 4th yrs. 112 — sth yr. 80 — 2d yr. 100 — 3d yr. 150 — 2d yr. 250 — 3d yr. -2d yr. -3d, 4th, 5th yrs. 48 48 48 48 120 120 72 72 144 72 72 120 144 60 144 .50 48 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. ^ 60 — 5th yr. ' 48 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. , 60 — 5th yr. 150 100 bA $ 1,104 1,320 1,968 1,320 1,968 1,300 4,000 624 792 936 1,080 936 1,212 2,340 3,180 1,620 1,836 3,060 960 1,620 2,340 3,060 1,620 3,060 250 504 C504 750 900 1,500 2,000 $ 1,106 1,968 1,320 1,968 1,300 3,800 552 760 843 1,076 854 1,169 2,182 3,137 1,401 1,938 2,275 672 1,356 2,230 2,011 1,533 2,484 232 464 528 id-) id) 1,500 1,991 a Any teacher who shall have taught for 6 consecutive years immediately preceding the date of appoint- ment, may, on action of the board, be advanced to the full rate. All graduates from the Teachers' Training School, upon appointment, shall receive the second year's salary if they have attended the Training School one year; and the third year's salary if they have attended the Training School two years. All persons not graduates of the Training School, who pass the required examination for positions of teachers, shall upon appointment, be advanced one year for each two years of approved experience. b For special merit the pay may be increased more rapidly towards the maximum, $504 per year. c One hundred, apportioned among the groups, shall receive $600 per annum. This number shall be composed of such teachers as have been 5 years in the service, who shall be recommended by the superintendent for the increase by reason of their efficiency. d Not reported. 78 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co»/mwe(/ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary S"! Max. rt ^ Yearly il-b Sched- "S Salary >>* 4 $ 6oo 3 750 ID 750 7 700 3 1,200 4 1,500 .3 1,800 2 2,000 I 2,200 (/i) ih) 8 1,200 3 800 Actual Average Yearly Salary 7. Cleveland, Ohio. Kindergarten assts Kindergarten teachers. Grade i Grades 2 to 6 . High School and Normal — Teachers, first class Teachers, second class (6) Teachers, third class {d) . Teachers, fourth class (e) Teachers, fifth class (/). . Manual Training — Teachers Teachers, 7th and 8th grades Tr.,7th and 8th gr. .cooking $ 400 600 0400 1,300 1,600 1,900 2,100 $50 50 75 — 2d, 6th yrs. 50 — 3d, 4th, 5th yrs. 25^8th,iithyrs. 75— 2d yr. 50 — 3d to 6th yrs. 25— 8th yr. 100 — 3d, 4th yrs. 100 — 3d, 5th yrs. 100 — 3d, 4th yrs. 100 — 3d yr. 100 $ 630 658 Qt) 800 650 ih) ri,88o (0 ii) (i) a Graduates of the Cleveland Normal School shall be credited with one year of service in determining their salaries under the above schedule; and graduates of the Cleveland Normal School, who are also graduates of a college giving regular degrees, shall receive two years' credit. Credit may be given for experience in other graded schools. b Teachers of four years' successful experience under this schedule are eligible to promotion to positions of the second class. c Average of all high school teachers, without regard to length of service. _ d Teachers of nine years' successful experience under this schedule are eligible to promotion to positions of the third class. e Teachers of thirteen years' successful experience under this schedule are eligible to promotion to posi- tions of the fourth class. / First assistant principals of high schools with sixteen years' experience under this schedule, when the enrollment of such school shall exceed one thousand. g Average of all assistant principals high schools, without regard to length of service or enrollment of schools. h In accordance with schedule 01 salaries for the high schools. i Not reported. 8. Buffalo, N. Y. 9. San Francisco, Calif. . 10. Pittsburg, Pa. Kind., asst. teachers Prins., kind Asst. prins. and dept. prins. . Dept. prins., H. S., male. . . . Training sch. instrs. in theory and practice Asst. teachers, sewing Asst. teachers, phys. tr Manual training teachers — Primary grades Grammar grades High Schools Grades i, 7, and 8 Grades 2, 3, and 4 Grades 5 and 6 High school assts Grade teachers. * 300 400 700 &I,200 700 600 700 600 800 900 1,200 400 t> 50 100 25 25 25 50 50 100 42— 2d, 5th yrs. 39 — 3d, 4th, 6th, 7th yrs. 36— 8th yr. 33 — 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th yrs. 30 — 4th,- 7th yrs. 42 — •2d, 5th yrs. 39— 3d, 4th, 6th, 7th yrs. 120 50 4 2 4 800 1,600 8 4 8 900 7.00 900 4 800 4 1,000 3 1,200 7 6996 6 ^912 6 £960 4 1,680 7 7 SO $ 522 0770 (c) 775 620 750 dSoo 853 912 1,513 607 a Average salary of assistant principals, elementary schools. b Teachers with experience of one year or less. c Not reported. d Average salary of all manual training teachers. e Five dollars additional per month ($60 per year) to regular teachers holding special certificates and teaching German and English, or French and English, Drawing and English, or Elocution and English, in addi- tion to their salaries according to this schedule, provided, however, that a teacher shall be required to teach, as far as practicable, every class in the schools, in has or her special subjects. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 79 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— CoM^WM^f^ City 12. Milwaukee, Wis. 13. Detroit, Mich. Position or Grade Kind, assts Kind, directors Grades i, 5, and 6 Grades 2, 3, and 4 Grade 7 Grades Grade ist assts Prins., 4 rooms Prins., 5 rooms Prins., 6 rooms Prins., 7 rooms Prins., 8 rooms Prins., grooms Prins., 10 rooms Prins., 1 1 rooms Prins., 12 and 13 rooms. Prins., 14 rooms Prins., high school Prins., district school. . . . Teachers of deaf Asst. German teachers. . German teachers Kind, assts Kind, directors Grade teachers High school teachers High school grade prins . . Normal practice teachers. Assts., school for deaf. . . . Min. Yearly Schedule Salary $ 400 400 450 400 500 600 800 goo 950 1,000 1,050 1,100 1,150 1,200 1,250 1,300 1,400 2,000 1,400 500 400 800 350 500 350 b-joo 1,200 500 450 Yearly Increase in Salary $ 50 50 SO 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 100 50 50 50 50 50 / 50 — 2dto8thyrs. I 25— Qth yr. 50 50 50 r 50— 2d to 8th yrs. I 25— Qthyr. X -^ ^UJ Max. Yearly Sched- *t "? Salary >->- 2 $ 500 4 600 4 650 4 600 4 700 4 800 2 900 2 1,000 2 1,050 2 1,100 2 1,150 2 1,200 2 1,250 2 1,300 I 1,300 1,300 1,400 5 2,500 3 1,700 4 700 5 650 2 900 3 500 3 725 8 0725 10 1,200 4 1,400 5 850 8 825 Actual Average Yearly Salary $ 544 631 567 698 852 2,200 1,697 736 659 38s 623 636 993 1,242 625 a First assistants $800. b Inexperienced teachers. 14. New Orleans, La. . . . 16. Newark, N. J. Grade teachers (white) . Grade teachers (colored) .... High school teachers, female . High school teachers, male. . Normal teachers Sup. music. H. S. and elem. . Sup. music, normal schools. . Sup. dr., H. S. and elem. . . . Sup. drawing, normal schools Kind, assts Kind, directors Grades i to 6 Head assts., prim Head assts., gram Vice-prins., prim Vice-prins., gram Prins., gram, and prim., f . . Prins., gram, and prim.,m. (d) Prins., gram, and prim.,m. (e) High School — Assts., f Assts., m Head assts., and heads of depts., f Head assts., and heads of depts., m Vice-prins a$3i5 315 585 900 675 585 675 58s 765 450 450 450 800 800 850 1,000 1,000 1,500 1,800 800 1,300 2,000 2,000 $45— 2d, 3d, 5th, " 7th, loth yrs. , 45 — 2d, 4th, 6th yrs. 90 — 2d, 6th yrs. 90 — 2d yrs. 1 45 — 3d, 4th, 6th I yrs. ( 135 — nth yr. J 45 — 3d, 6th yrs. 45— 3d yr. 45— 3d yr. 75 and 50 75 and 50 75 and 50 (c) 50 50 100 100 100 100 100 and 200 100 9 a$ 540 5 450 5 76s 10 1,260 5 765 630 675 2 630 765 (c) 700 (c) 750 (c) 750 ic) 850 2 900 3 1,000 2 1,200 2 1,200 3 1,800 5 2,300 4 1,200 ic) 2,000 3 1,600 3 2,300 3 2,300 b$ 469 (c) 775 630 638 656 664 836 867 901 1,070 1,175 2,017 1,165 1,763 2,189 (c) a Vice-principals in schools of four or more departments $5 per month ($45 per year) additional. b Not including vice-principals. Including vice-principals $479. c Not reported. d Fourteen rooms or less. e Fifteen rooms or more. 8o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co«imMe(i City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary ^^i Max. "d'^ Yearly ii-^, Sched- Pi en ule -i: Salary >: >- 3 $I,200 3 1,400 2 1,000 3 1,200 4 1,200 4 1,500 12 936 12 936 3 1,176 3 1,500 3 1,500 7 2,500 5 1,200 9 2,400 5 2,500 5 3,000 12 1,086 12 1,136 6 1,500 5 2,000 2 1,700 5 3,000 8 2,000 5 2,000 7 6800 6 750 4 c6oo 5 650 Actual Average Yearly Salary 16. Newark, N. J. . (Concluded.) 17. Jersey City, N. J. 19. Minneapolis, Minn. 20. Indianapolis, Ind. . , Normal School- Model and critic teachers. Teachers of theory Manual Training — Grades 5 and 6 Grades 7 and 8 High school, f High school, m Kind, teachers Grade teachers Vice-prins.,head assts.,and ist assts. prim, and gram, depts. Prins., prim, depts Prins., schs. containing prim. depts. only Prins., schs. containing prim. and gram, depts High school teachers, female . High school teachers, male. . Vice- prins., high school Prins., high school Training School — Model teachers Critic teachers Asst. teachers methods. . . . Teachers of methods Prin. prim, dept Prin Supervisor, prim, methods. . . Supervisor, gram, methods. . . Grades i and 2 Grades 2 to 7 Grades lA to 6 Grades 7 and 8 $ 900 1,100 800 900 800 1,100 408 408 996 1,200 1,200 1,800 700 1,500 2,000 2,500 558 608 900 1,500 1,500 2,500 1,200 1,500 450 450 400 400 $100 100 100 100 48 — beg. 3d yr. 48 — beg. 3d yr. 60 100 100 100 100 100 100 48 — beg. 3d yr. 48 — beg. 3d yr. 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 50 so 50 $ 1,071 1,400 962 (fl) 613 971 1,389 2,381 1,163 1,700 2,400 2,900 885 994 1,210 {a) 1,600 2,800 1,300 1,900 735 686 a Not reported. b Maximum of $800 for first grade applies only to teachers of beginning primary rooms and shall not be given to more than one teacher in a building. c First grade when two sets of children are taught, $650. d Not including German teachers. 21. Providence, R.I. Kind, teachers, one session. . Kind, teachers, two sessions. Grades i to 5 Grades 6 and 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Critic teachers, gram, grades. High school, 4th assts. (d). . . High school, 3d assts. (d). . . . High school, 2d assts. (d) . . . . High school, ist assts. (d) (e) Teachers, sch. for individual work and schs. for back- ward children $300 400 C400 400 800 600 1,000 1,300 1,600 500 $ 50 50 50 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 75— 5th yr. 50— 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 125 — 5th yr. 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. .^ 200 — 5th yr. J 100 100 100 100 100 / 100- I 75- -2d yr. -3d yr. 2 4 4 a$400 6600 c6oo 4 625 4 675 4 7SO 2 1,000 3 2 900 1.200 2 2 1,500 1,800 2 75 $ 434 587 822 1,253 67s a If in charge of a room, $50 in addition to pay as teacher. If without a trained assistant, $25 in addition to salary. b If without a trained assistant, $25 in addition to salary. c Principals of primary schools of six or more rooms shall receive $75 in addition to the salaries to which they would be entitled as teachers. All other principals of primary schools shall receive $50 in addition to the salaries to which they would be entitled as teachers. Critic teachers in primary grades receive for their first two years of service as such critic teachers $75 in addition to their salaries as teachers. For their third and subsequent years $150 additional. d In case of transfer of a teacher from one rank to another, the committee on high schools shall deter- mine the vear of service in the new rank to which the teacher shall be assigned. e Those elected subsequent to January i, 1901. Not exceeding one male and one female in each high school. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co«/wMe(i City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary 11 Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 22. Kansas City, Mo — Schedule in force prior to Sep- tember, 1904— Kind, teachers $405 405 585 SOD 500 650 $45 r 45— 2d, 3d, 4th 1 1 90— 5th yr. J 45 50 f 50— 2d, 3d, 4th ] [ 20— sthyr. j 70 2 4 I 2 4 I $495 630 630 600 h']20 h72o $439 592 Schedule effective September, 1904— Kind, teachers, experienced. . (g) (g) (g) f With not less than four years' experience in graded school work. g Not reported. h All teachers in this group (designated "A") who have taught one year at the maximum salary of this group ($720) shall be entitled to take the professional examinations, and upon passing the first examination shall receive a salary of $760, and after teaching one year at $760, shall be eligible to take a second examina- tion, and upon passing it shall receive a salary of $800 per annum, and after teaching at a salary of $800 for one year, upon recommendation of the superintendent, may receive a salary of $825 per year. 23. St. Paul, Miim.., 24. Rochester, N.Y. 25. Toledo, Ohio. 26. Denver, Colo. Kindergarten assts Kindergarten directors Grade teachers High school teachers, female . High school teachers, male. . Model teachers, training sch Kind, teachers Grade teachers Assistant teachers Man. tr. teachers Grade teachers Prins., bldgs. i to 7 rooms. . . Prins., bldgs. 8 to 11 rooms. . Prins., bldgs. 12 or more rms. H. S. teachers, min. scale (c) . H. S. teachers, max. scale (c) . Nor. sch. trs., min. scale (c) . Nor. sch. trs., max. scale (c). Kind, assts Kind, directors Grade teachers Prins., 4 rooms Prins., 6 rooms Prins., 8 rooms Prins., 10 rooms Prins., 12 rooms Prins., 14 rooms Prins., 16 rooms Prins., 18 rooms. . . .'. Prins., 20 or more rooms. . . . $ 400 400 400 700 700 400 a300 a300 300 $50 50 50 50 50 50 C 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th, J 5th, yrs., sec. I half 8th, and I nth yrs. I 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th, J 5th yrs., sec. half 8th, and [ nth yrs. so— 2d, 3d, 4th, I 5th yrs., sec. 1 half 8th, and [ nth yrs. f 50 — 2d to 5th yrs bsso < 25 — 6th to 13th I yrs. b6oo 50 bSoo 50 61,000 50 b6oo 50 bSoo 50 b6oo 50 bSoo 50 325 55— 4th yr. 550 ^^,6635 125 050 1,000 I, coo 100 1,100 200 1,300 200 1-350 200 1,500 100 1,600 200 1,800 200 3 6 7 8 $550 700 750 1,100 10 8 1,200 800 10 600 10 600 300 10 600 12 750 4 800 4 4 1,000 1,200 12 1,200 14 12 1,500 1,200 14 3 I 1,500 380 550 6760 950 1,000 I 1,100 I I I I I 1,300 1,500 1.550 1,600 1,800 I 2,000 $ 506 684 644 949 1,028 800 536 633 589 964 1,050 1-350 450 762 1-386 a Experience in other schools credited one-half time or more. b Experience in other schools credited wholly or in part. Graduates of the Ohio State University and colleges of equal rank may be credited vrith two years of experience. c The business manager shall fix the salaries at the minimum rate unless otherwise directed by the board of education. d For the first three months (on trial) $60 per school month, for the remainder of the school year $70 per school month. e First assistants in the large buildings, $47.50 per annum additional. Those who teach German in their own rooms, $47.50 per annum additional. Those who have charge of two schools, one in the forenoon and one in the afternoon, 25 per cent, of the salary additional. 82 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Cow^mMec/ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary J . rt rt s"; Max. Yearly Sched- Salary ^> 2 $IOOO 2 1,300 2 1,600 2 1,900 3 760 5 650 5 700 /6 750 /6 800 3 1,000 4 1,400 6 1,000 6 1,300 5 6i7i 4 570 4 1,140 S i,i87i 5 950 5 950 li 400 5 600 8 1,200 5 600 9 700 9 700 Actual Average Yearly Salary 26. Denver, Colo. . . . (Concluded.) 27. Allegheny, Pa. H. S. teachers, 4th class H. S. teachers, 3d class H. S. teachers, 2d class H. S. teachers, ist class Teachers, wood-work shop . . . Prim.trs., other than " ist step" Prim, teachers, "ist step" . . Gram, trs., other than h.s.prep Gram, teachers, h.s.prep. classes 28. Columbus, Ohio . . . , 29. Worcester, Mass. H. S. asst. teachers. . . . H. S. head teachers. . . . Man. tr. asst. teachers. Man. tr. teachers Grades i, 7, 8 Grades 2 to 6 Prins. elem. schools. H. S. teachers Training teachers Normal sch., assts. to prin. Kind, assts Kind, prins Kind, directors Grades i to 8 Grade q Teachers, prep, school. a$8oo 61,100 CI, 400 di,yoo 600 400 450 450 \ 500 750 1,200 700 1,000 380 380 855 7125 7^2* 7i2i 350 ^500 800 ^500 ^500 ^■500 $100 100 100 100 160 4th iT. 50 50 50 50 f 50 — 2d yr. \ioo — 3d, 4th yrs. 50 50 50 47* '47* 95 — 2d, 3d yrs. 47* — 4th, 5th yrs. 95 47* 47* J 25 after 6 mo. \ and after 18 mo. 2 5— beg. 3d yr. 50 2 5 — beg. 3d yr. 22 — beg. 3d yr. 25 — beg. 3d yr. !> $1,218 J (e) 1,080 1,211 546 1,120 846 9SO 475 1,050 576 583 a Those who have had at least one years' successful experience teaching in an educational institution of recognized standing. b Teachers who have had three or more years' successful experience in these schools are eUgible, on recommendation of the principal, to promotion to the first year of the third class. c Teachers who have had six or more years' successful experience in these schools are eligible, on recom- mendation of the principal, to promotion to the first year of the second class. d Teachers who have had nine or more years' successful experience in these schools are eligible, on recom- mendation of the principal, to promotion to the first year of the first class. e Not reported. / In computing experience of grammar teachers, time spent in primary grades shall be allowed. g Upon recommendation of the committee on teachers, candidates of successful experience shall be eligible to positions in all grades at a salary not exceeding $550 upon appointment, and then advance to regular maximum as per rule. 29. Worcester, Mass. (Continued.) Elementary principals — Buildings of 4 rooms Buildings of 5 rooms Buildings of 6 rooms Buildings of 7 rooms Buildings of 8 rooms Buildings of 9 rooms Buildings of 10 rooms Buildings of 11 rooms Buildings of 12 rooms Buildings of 13 rooms Buildings of 14 rooms Buildings of 15 rooms Buildings of 16 rooms Assts. in manual training. . . . Directors in manual training Assts. in music Directors in music Assts. in drawing ._ Directors of drawing Teachers of cooking $ 600 $ 50 640 50 680 50 720 50 800 50 850 , 50 900 50 950 50 1,050 50 1,100 50 1,150 50 1,200 50 1,400 100 ia) 100 1,800 50 {c) SO 1,500 100 (d) 50 1,800 50 500 25- -beg. 3d yr. 2 $ 700 2 2 2 740 780 820 4 1,000 4 1,050 4 1,100 4 1,150 4 1,250 4 1,300 4 1,350 4 1,400 (4 1,700 1,200 (.1 2,000 1,000 5 2,000 (b) 1,000 4 5 2,000 600 $1,005 1,042 2,000 950 1,750 825 1,800 S50 a To be determined by the committee on drawing and manual training, but shall not exceed $1,200. b Not reported. c To be determined by the committee on music and kindergarten, but shall not exceed $800. d To be determined by the committee on drawing and manual training, but shall not exceed $1,000. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 83 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCllEDU'LES—ConHnued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary >> Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 29. Worcester, Mass. (Continued.) Evening elementary schools- Teachers (not special) . . . Prins., I or 2 teachers. . . Prins., 3 or 4 teachers. . . Prins., 5 or 6 teachers. . . Prins., 7 or more rooms. Evening high school — Asst. regular teachers. . . Regular teachers Head teachers Prins , e$i.oo ei.50 ei.75 62. 00 €2 .25 62.00 62.50 64.00 e$o. 25— 4th,6thyrs. eo.2S eo.2S 60.25 eo.25 I eo . so after ser- 1 vice am't'g to > 2-yrs. J eo.50— 3d(/)yr. 60.50 — 3d yr. 60.50 5 e$i . 50 2 62. 00 3 62.50 3 62.75 3 63.00 (b) 61. 50 2 62.50 2 63.00 2 65.00 e$i.29 62.75 61. 50 62.47 65.00 b Not reported. e Per evening. / Or when placed in charge of two or more grades in the same subject. Two years's service in any of the day high schools, or as principal of an elementary evening school, shall count as equivalent to two years in the Evening High School. 29. Worcester, Mass. . . (Concluded.) 30. Los Angeles, Calif. . 31. New Haven, Conn. . Evening schs. spec. teachers- Teachers of cooking Asst. trs. drawing Teachers architectural drw Teachers free-hand drawg Teachers mechanical draw. Kind, assts Kind, directors Grade teachers High school teachers . Commercial H. S. teachers . . Kind, assts Kind, directors Grades i, 5, female Grades 2, 3, f Grade 4, f Grade 6, f Grade 7, f Grades, f Grade 8, assts., f Prins., 4-room bldgs Prins., 5- to 11 -room bldgs. . Prins., i2-room bldgs Supervisor elem. man. tr. . . . Supervisor sewing Super\dsor penmanship Supervisor drawing Supervisor music Supervisor of prim, schools. . Super\'ising prins. of districts a$2 . 00 fl2.00 03.50 03.50 03.50 420 520 600 1,000 1,000 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) {c) a$ 0.25 00.25 00.25 ao.25 00.25 40 40 40 — beg. 3d yr. 100 100 50 50 50 50 50 so 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 100 100 50 100 2 a$2 . 50 2 02.50 4 04.50 4 04.50 4 04.50 2 500 2 600 5 760 2 1,200 2 1,200 4 500 6 600 6 600 4 500 5 550 7 640 8 700 9 750 (/) 550 600 (d) /600 (d) 1,000 (d) 750 id) 750 (d) 1,500 (d) 1,700 id) 2,300 (d) 2,100 id) 2,300 a$2 . 00 a3. 80 535 693 1,154 434 600 b662 724 750 750 1,500 1,700 2,300 e2,oss a Per evening. b Average of grades 7, 8, and 9. c No "formal" minimum. d Not reported. 6 Average of supervising principals, elementary schools. / Plus $10 for each room in building. 32. Syracuse, N. Y. 33. Fall River, Mass. Grade teachers High school teachers, female High school teachers, male. . . Business H. S. teachers, f . . . . Business H. S. teachers, m. . . Asst. teachers Prim, and intermed. teachers Gram, school teachers $ 300 550 1,000 550 1,000 320 360 400 $ 50 50 100 50 100 20 bo — 2d, 3d yrs. 40 — 4th yr. 60 — 2d, 3d yrs. 1 40 — 4th yr. 7 $ 650 6 850 5 1,500 6 850 5 1,500 2 360 3 520 3 560 $ 579 759 1,467 660 1,000 476 558 84 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHED UUE?,— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary Pi w Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary I 3 5 $270 67s 585 675 12 1,125 ID 900 6 665 lO 592^ ID 540 2 855 8 h6oo 8 h6oo I 450 2 600 7 2,000 2 7800 Actual Average Yearly Salary 34. Memphis.Tenn. — (a) 35. Omaha, Neb. . 37. St. Joseph, Mo. 38. Scranton, Pa. 39. Lowell, Mass. Aid teachers ((6) Grade i Grades 2 to 6 Grade 7 Prins., 7 or more rooms . . . H. S. teachers Grades i to 6 Grade i Grades, other than i H. S. teachers (e) Grade teachers (g) Grade teachers (i) Kind, teachers Grade teachers Masters, gram, schools, m H. S. teachers, f 180 S40 360 675 810 675 380 3372 67s 400 450 350 450 1,300 650 90 45 45 [ 6^45— 2d. 3d, 5th, < 7th, 9th, I ith, ! 13th yrs. r 45 — 2d to 5th, \ nth yrs. 472 r 45 — 2d, 3d, 4th, ) 6th yrs. I 22^ — 5th, nth yrs. -2d, 4th, 45 — 201, 3d, I 6th yrs. I 22^ — 5th, nth I yrs. 90 50 — 3d, 5th, 7th, 9th yrs. 50 — 4th, 7th, 9th yrs. 100 50 — 2d yr. 100 — 3d yr. 100 50 — 2d yr. 100 — 3b yr. (c) $ 510 675 1,060 806 608 /007 555 450 595 2,000 798 a White schools. b Aid-teachers also take charge of the classes in any of the grammar grades during the temporary absence, by illness or otherwise, of the regular class-room teachers, and for this latter service, they receive pay on the basis of the salary of a regular teacher for the first year, $40 per month ($360 per year). When a vacancy occurs in the position of class-room teacher, the senior aid-teacher is promoted to it, if her services as aid-teacher have been satisfactory to the principal under whom she may have served and to the superintendent of the schools. c Not reported. d Provided that their services have been continuous. e Teachers who have not had former experience as teachers in a school of similar character, and who are appointed to places the highest salaries for which are limited to $855 per year. The salaries of aU other teachers in the high school to be fixed by the board at the time of appointment of teacher. / All white high-school teachers, but not including assistant superintendent. g Normal school diploma, only. h Ninth year, $650 for first grade work. i High- and training-school diploma, or high and normal-school diploma. / Some have higher salary by special vote. 40. Portland, Ore. Grades i and 4 to 6. . Grades 2 and 3 Grades 7 to 9 High school teachers a$6oo a 550 a 650 a 900 $50 — 2d, 4th yrs. 50 — 2d, 4th yrs. 50 — 2d, 4th yrs. 50 — 2d, 4th yrs. 3 $ 700 3 650 3 750 3 1,000 $ 682 62 s 6746 986 a Teachers with two years' experience. b Average salary for teachers in grades 7 and 8. No grade 9 teachers reported. 41. Cambridge, Mass. Asst. teachers, kind Prins., kind Grade and Training Schools — Asst. teachers, grades Grade 7, training school. . . Grade 8, training school . . . Gram, and prim, teachers. . Grade 9 Special teachers, gram, schs Masters, assts Sub-masts., gram, and prim Supervising teacher, tr. sch . Prins., prim, schs Masters, gram, schs Masters, training schools. . . $ 450 $ 50 450 50 450 50 450 700 450 50 750 50 700 50 800 100 1,000 100 900 100 bjoo 50 2,000 2,500 3 $ 600 } 5 a7oo 2 550 450 700 s 0700 I 800 I 750 I 900 4 1,400 I 1,000 I *750 2,000 2,500 $ 632 680 a Upon the recommendation of the superintendent and the committee on teachers, the salary of a teacher in a grammar or primary school, or of the principal of a kindergarten, may be increased from $700 to $750. provided such teacher has served at least one year. b With $5 additional for each room under her supervision. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 8S SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCJiEBU'LES—Contmued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary X -: c! rt s": Max. ■?,v, Yearly Sched- o >> ule r-5 Salary ^^ I $ 6oo s 950 . . I,200 2, COO 4 6oo 4 6oo (c) 700 lO 630 lO 630 5 800 S 800 5 1,250 Actual Average Yearly Salary 43. Albany, N. Y. 44. Dayton, Ohio. 45. Seattle, Wash. Latin School and English High School— Asst. teachers Teachers Master's assts * . . . . Masters Kind teachers Grades i to 7 Grade 8 Kind, teachers. Grade teachers. Kind, teachers Grades i to 8 High school teachers. * 500 700 1,200 2,000 400 400 (d) 315 550 550 800 $100 so SO 50 (c) . 45 — 2dt0 5thyrs. 22^ — 6th to nth yrs. 45 — 2d to 5th yrs. 22^ — 6th to nth yrs. SO SO 100 $ 989 567 586 535 663 755 1,027 c Not reported. d Restricted to experienced teachers. 46. Grand Rapids, Mich, 49. Reading, Pa. 50. Nashville, Term. Kind, teachers Grades i to 4 Grades 5 and 6 Grades 7 and 8 H. S. teachers, class i (c) Class 2 ( c) Class 3 (c) H. S. teachers, session rooms Grades i to 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grades 7 and 8 H. S. (girls) teachers H. S. (boys) teachers.' Grades i and 2 (white) Grades 3 to 7 (white) Grade 8 (white) $ 350 d6oo dSoo dijOOO .^ 3 $ S20 7 640 I 700 I 72s 2 700 2 800 2 900 2 1,000 2 1,100 2 1,250 2 1,100 2 1,350 2 1,250 2 1.450 7 1,200 3 1,500 5 1,500 S 1,500 7 600 5 550 b 575 7 625 8 650 6 C850 (fl() 1,500 id) 1,600 5 900 lO 1,200 ID ' 600 I 650 lO 800 Actual Average Yearly Salary 52. Camden, N. J. Kind, teachers Grade teachers, i to 8 Assts., 8gr First assts., gram, schools. . . . Principals (a) — Prim, schs., 3 or 4 rooms. . . Prim, schs., 5 to 8 rooms. . . Prim, schs., 9 or 10 rooms .^. Prim, schs., 11 ormorerms. Gram, schools, female Gram, schools, male Supervising principals — Prim, schools, f Gram, schools, m Gram, schools, f Gram, schools, m S3. Bridgeport.Conn 54. Trenton, N. J. High school teachers Prins., high school Dirs. of music and drawing . Director of phys. tr Grades i, 5 and 6 Grade 2 Grades 3, 4 Grade 7 Grades Prins. 8-roombldgs., f Prins., large bldgs., f Prins., large bldgs., m High school teachers, f High school teachers, m. . . . Grade teachers. Teachers, training schools. . . . Prins., ward schs. 8 or more rs. $ 400 400 650 •675 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,150 1,000 1,250 1,150 1,350 750 1,200 1,000 1,000 425 425 425 450 450 700 1,000 650 700 ^3^0 600 700 $40 40 — 2d to 6th, 8th yrs. 50 50 50 so 50 50 50 SO 50 50 SO 50 50 — 2d to 6th yrs. 100 — 7th, 8th yrs. 100 100 100 • 25 25 25 25 25 25 , {d) id) so SO 50 — 2d, 4th, 6th yrs. 100 — nth yr. 50 $ 486 S15 650 698 600 792 800 900 1,043 1,250 1,000 ■ib) 1,250 1,400 889 1,400 1,300 1,000 890 1,567 854 970 507 750 a Principals, who teach at least half of the time. b Not reported. c For each 2 rooms additional $25. ^ No schedule for salary. e Without previous experience. 55. Troy, N. Y.. 56. Lynn, Mass. 57. Oakland, Calif. 58. New Bedford, Mass Kind, teachers , Grade teachers , Grade teachers Prins., prim, schools, female. . Prins., gram, schools (a) Prins., gram, schools {b) Assts., man. tr High school teachers, female. . Sub-prins., H. S., male , Prins., H.S Kind, teachers (c) Kind, teachers {d) Gram, and ist grade (c) . . . . Gram, and ist grade {d) Prim, grades — except ist (c). Prim, grades — except ist {d). High School teachers . Grades i to 7 Grades Grade 9 High school teachers, female. Teacher of French Teacher of cooking $ 350 350 350 600 900 1,500 900 600 1,250 2,000 720 780 720 780 660 720 ei,o8o 475 525 600 700 75 650 3 3 3 $ 500 500 600 4 3 3 1,000 1,200 1,800 3 1,200 3 3 5 900 1,400 2,500 2 900 2 900 2 900 2 900 2 840 2 840 5:, 1,320 3 3 3 3 3 3 /62 5 675 750 1,000 800 800 $ 403 480 597 648 1,200 x,8oo 1,200 882 1,400 2,500 840 866 1,269 1,000 700 650 a Lewis and Burrill schools. h Ingalls, Whiting, Cobbet, Shepard, and Tracy schools. c Graduates of a normal school. e Teachers with at least two years' experience. d Graduate of a college or university. / Practice rooms $50 extra. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 87 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co«/wMe«^ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 59. Somerville, Mass Kind, assts $ 275 400 275 400 725 1,800 650 900 1,000 1,000 1,800 2,300 600 900 1,000 2,500 400 500 550 600 550 1,500 350 400 400 480 350 1,200 1,400 600 800 1,000 $ 75 100 75 100 SO 50 50 50 100 50 100 50— 4th yr. 100 100 100 50 — 2d, 4th yr. lb) 100 25 50 50 r 30— 5th, 8th 1 1 60— loth, 13th, 1 j 17th, 2ISt, ( [ 24th, 26th yrs. J 50 100 100 100 100 100 2 2 2 3 2 5 2 4 7 4 7 3 I 5 5 5 I 4 6 25 5 2 4 4 4 7 $ 425 600 425 700 725 1,900 900 1,000 1,200 1,700 2,000 3,000 650 1,000 1,500 3,000 0500 0550 c-SSo a6oo ^550 a2,ooo 375 <;6oo djoo 900 600 1,400 1,800 1,000 1,200 1,700 $ 42s 600 Grammar and primary Third assts 425 First assts. ... 725 1,900 High school .... Third assts 900 1,000 Second assts 1,700 2,000 3,000 650 Masters Sewing teachers. . . . Supervisor, penmanship 1,500 3,000 60. Lawrence Mass Grades i to 4 Grade 5 1 Grade 6 \ 501 Grades 7 and 8 Prin., 5th grade, f j 579 1,750 375 } 601 623 537 1,200 1,600 760 1 i,iS8 61. Springfield, Mass Prins., gram, schools, m Grades i, 2, 4, and 6, asst. teachers Grades i to 8, and rural teach- ers 64. Hoboken, N. J 65. Peoria, 111 Grade 9, and gram, prep Grades i to 8 Prins., elem. schools, f Piins., elem. schools, m High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Headinsts.,H. S.,m a Any further increase is by direct vote of the School Committee. b Not reported. c Special maximum grade 8, $700. d Special maximum grade 9, $800. 66. Evansville, Ind. 67. Manchester, N.H. 68. Utica, N. Y 69. San Antonio, Tex.... Grade teachers Class III (a) Class 11(c) Class I (J) Grade teachers Kind, assts., i-day time. Kind, teachers Grades i to 6 Grades 7 to 9 Grade teachers — Inter, city or second grade state certificate Rank 7 Rank 6 Rank 5 Rank 4 Rank 3 i$45o 600 625 350 250 350 350 550 384 408 432 456 $50 — 2d, 4th yrs. 25 50 50 50 f 50 — 2d, 3d yrs. \ 25 — 4th, 5th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 3 b$55o 600 I 650 4 eSSo 1 300 } 2 /450 g4 500 550 6 432 b 456 6 480 6 504 6 528 $546 522 273 434 480 550 a Composed of beginners and such teachers as are paid the regular rate fixed by law. b Figures show highest possible salary obtainable. Salaries are based on license standing, first year 2i per cent, second and third years 2^ JDer cent, fourth and fifth years 2f per cent, of license standing. c Composed of teachers who have had five years experience, and are exceptionally strong in teaching powers. d Composed of teachers who have passed successively through classes three and two, and whose pro- ficiency in pedagogical study is satisfactory to the superintendent and board of trustees. e Master's assistant, grammar school, may receive $575. / In Taxton, Miller Street, and South Street kindergartens, $25 per year additional. £ Experience elsewhexe shall CQU^t the same as if had in Utica. 88 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHED ULES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary ^u; Max. ^■ij Yearly ii-p Sched- o >■ ule Salary iii 6 $ 552 6 a576 6 504 6 528 6 552 6 576 6 600 6 624 6 a648 6 576 6 600 6 624 6 648 6 672 6 696 6 0720 (&) 750 5 900 8 1,300 ib) 720 (b) 1,080 Actual Average Yearly Salary 60. San Antonio, Tex. (Continued.) 70. Duluth, Minn. 71. Salt Lake City, Utah. Grade teachers — Continued Rank 2 Rank i Permanent primary, tem- porary high school, first grade state or normal school diploma Rank 7 Rank 6. Rank 5 Rank 4 Rank 3 Rank 2 Rank i Permanent first grade state, or permanent high school city certificate Rank 7 Rank 6 Rank 5 Rank 4 Rank 3 Rank 2 Rank 1 Grade teachers High school teachers female. . High school teachers, male. . . . Grades i to 8 High school teachers $504 0528 456 480 504 528 552 576 a6oo 528 552 576 600 624 648 0672 450 650 900 360 720 $24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yr?. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 24 — 4th, 7th yrs. 25 or 50, accord- ing to success 50 50 2 2i to 45 22^ to 45 $ 579 594 808 1,053 562 846 o Between June 15th and September i, 1904, the superintendent of schools, with the concurrence of two-thirds of the principals, shall select from the teachers ranking i, not to exceed five; and in hke manner Ijetween September i, 1904, and June 15, 1905, there shall be selected, not to exceed five additional teachers. A similiar selection shall be made each succeeding year. The rank of these teachers shall be Ai, and their salaries $24 per year more than called for by the present schedule. During the following year, and each year thereafter, in the same manner and at corresponding dates, there shall be selected from among the teachers ranking Ai, the same number of teachers whose raidi shall be AAi, and whose salary shall be $48 per year more than the present schedule calls for. b Not reported. 72. Waterbury, Conn. 73. Elizabeth, N. J. 74. Erie, Pa. Grammar school (a) — Teachers, grade C Teachers, grade B Teachers, grade A District teachers Gram, and prim, teachers. . . Teachers of beginning classes Grade 8, class teachers High school teachers, female. High school teachers, male . . Assts., grades Grades i and 7 Grades 2 to 6 Prins. grades, 6 rs. or less, f . . Prins, grades, 8 and 10 rs., f . H. S. teachers — mod. lang.. . H. S. teachers — Eng H. S. teachers — Math H. S. teachers — classics H. S. teachers — science Vice-prins., H. S Prins., H.S Teachers, Ger Teachers, drawing b$350 (c) 400 d6oo d65o 575 700 285 332^ 332^ 570 6i7i 600 600 600 600 600 1,400 1,800 285 500 $30 — 2d yr. 1 40— 3d, 4th, 5th I 50 ic) 2 5 — 2d, 4th, 6th yrs. 50 — 3d, 5th yrs. 50 75 20 28^ 28^ 28i 28^ 50 so 50 50 50 50 100 28i 50 (c) $ 500 600 650 400 575 d6oo d650 775 1,000 332^ 570 503 712^ 8o7i 1,000 1,200 1,500 1,500 1,500 2,000 2,500 503i 650 $ 551 528 622 688 775 963 332* 466 420 745 1,800 2,100 420 566 a It shall require five votes to raise the grade of any teacher. It shall require four votes to raise the salary. b Normal or college graduates receive $400 for the first and second years. c Not reported. d Any teacher having two different classes a day to receive $50 per year extra. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 89 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCREBU'LES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary X ^ rt Max. •g'^ Yearly 'Ht Sched- ule ° ^ Salary ■^^ 5 $513 17 650 6 /47'^ 2 /^22+ 4 /6I7* 2 /665 7 1.045 s 2,000 Actual Average Yearly Salary 77. Kansas City, Kans.. 78. Norfolk, Va 79. Harrisburg, Pa Grade teachers Grade teachers (white) Grs. I to 3 (prim. C, D and E) Grs. 4 and 5 (prim. A and B) Grs. 6 and 7 (gram. C.and D) Grs. 8 and 9 (grs. A and B) . . . High school teachers Prins., high school $ 360 400 /332* /475 / 522* /6174 712^ 1,500 J 27 — 2d to 5th yrs.l \ 45— 6th yr. J $15 2.3f 23f 23| 23! 47i 100 $ 486 492 ^467 963 2,000 / Supervisory principles, in addition tothe regular grade salary, receive $47^ per year extra for 4-room buildings and $9^ per year extra for each additional room. g Average for principals elementary schools $702. 83. Holyoke, Mass. (a). 84. Youngstown, Ohio . . 86. Akron, O.id). 87. Tacoma, Wash 89. Lancaster, Pa. Kind, assts Prins., kind Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grades Grade 9 Prins., prim, bldgs Prins., gram, schs., 8 rooms or less Prins., gram, schools, more than 8 rooms H. S. trs., not heads of depts. Grade trs., without experience Grade trs., with experience. Teachers of drawing Teachers of music Teachers of penmanship . . . . Grade trs., with experience. Gr. trs., Akron normal grads Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 8 High school teachers Grades i and 2 Grades 3 and 4 Grades 5 and 6 $ 350 460 400 425 450 500 700 1,000 1,200 500 300 ib) 1,000 1,000 1,000 500 500 800 350 420 $50 so 50 50 50 50 50 75 — 2d to 7th yrs. 50 — 8th yr. 100 50 40 — 2d to 6th yrs. 25— 7th to 12 th yrs. 40 — until $500 is reached, then 25 — until max. is reached. . . . 200 200 200 25 — 2d, 3d, 9th, nth yrs. 50 — 4th, to 7th yrs. 25 — 2d, 8th, loth yr?:. 50 — 3d to 6th yrs. 50 50 50 10^ — 2d yr. 21 — 3d, 4th yrs. ic) $ 4SO 5 50 600 625 650 700 800 1,500 2,000 800 650 650 1,200 1,200 700 750 950 400 420 ^472^ $421 536 591 625 650 700 ,833 71S 474 1,200 1,200 1,200 667 924 387 420 469 a Post-graduate or foreign study is equivalent to teaching service. A reasonable allowance shall be made for experience in other schools, or for previous experience in a lower position, or for advance study. b Secured at such compensation as committee on teachers may agree upon. c Varying number. d Teachers who have had experience elsewhere shall be employed to such salaries as may be agreed up- on by the board, but when once employed their salaries shall be subject to the same rates of increase as those of other teachers. e Teachers who also act as principals of buildings receive $482^ per year. 90 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary |3 0 Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary go. Lincoln, Neb Gram. sch. teachers, f l47S 1630 630 675 / $10— 2d, 3d yrs. 1 \ 30— 4thyr. / ^36 gs6 gs6 3 83 S4 g4 $ 52s h6so hi-jao .^765 hSio $ 52s 561 Prins., prim, grades 691 Prins., gram, schools 806 / The salaries of teachers having experience equivalent to more than the minimum required to secure a certificate shall be fixed by the board on the recommendation of the committee on teachers. Thereafter the salaries of such teachers shall be subject to the same rates of increase as those of other teachers. g Those holding first, second, or third grade certificates and who completed certain professional study during the preceding year shall receive an increase of $54 per year until maximum is reached. h Those holding first or second grade certificates who have attained the maximum salary within their class and who, during the preceding year, have completed certain professional study shall receive from $4^ to $9 per year additional. The total increase thus obtained not to exceed I90 per year. i When promoted to grammar schools, principals of primary schools receive $45 per year more than their salary would be if retained in former position. 91. Dallas, Tex 92. Brockton, Mass 93. Schenectady, N. Y. 94. Pawtucket, R. I. ... 97. Spokane, Wash. 100. Saginaw, Mich 106. Johnstown, Pa. 107. Haverhill, Mass. Grade teachers Grade teachers Grade teachers Grades i to 6 Grades 7 to 9 Prins., grade schools Asst. masters, gram, schools Masters, gram, schools Sub-masters, high school. . . . Masters, high school Grade teachers Grade teachers Prim, and inter, teachers. . . Gram, grades teachers High school teachers Grade teachers , . Prins., gram, schools, f Prins., gram, schools, m. . . . High school teachers High school teachers, m . . . . Prins., high school $ 450 450 375 a36o (b) (b) 440 1,000 1,000 1,800 d495 300 6360 6405 720 400 800 1,000 600 1,000 1,800 $22-^ 25 75 — 2d yr. SO— 3d yr. 2 5 — 4th, 5th yrs. 40 ib) ib) 40 50 100 100 45 50 45 45 45 25 50 50 50 50 100 7 $6o7i 5 575 4 550 5 0560 (b) a6oo (b) 600 4 600 2 CI, 100 5 1,500 4 2,200 5 720 4 500 5 585 5 630 4 900 8 600 4 1,000 6 1,300 6 900 8 1,400 5 2,300 (b) $ 555 503 517 575 609 600 1,260 1,600 2,200 646 457 522 819 528 879 1,22s 788 1,220 2,300 a Head teachers in four- and six-room buildings shall receive $40 per year in addition to above schedule. b Not reported. c May be increased for long continued service and marked fitness to an amount not exceeding $1,300 by vote of the board. d Teachers are required to have two years' experience in graded schools before being employed. Gradu- ates of advanced normal course are received for one year at $360 per year and are then paid the minimum regular salary. e Must have had at least one years' experience or have graduated from Pennsylvania Normal School, Credited with experience in teaching elsewhere. 108. Terre Haute, Ind Kind, teachers Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Prins., dists. 10, 12, 14 Prins., dists., 8, 9, 11, 19, 20 Prins., dists., 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 10 Prins., dists., i, 6, 7, 15, 17, 18 $ 400 425 475 700 800 $25 — 2d to 5th yrs \ 50 — 6th yr. 50 — 2d, 3d yrs. 25 — 4th, 5th, 6th yrs. 50 — 2d, 3d yrs. 2 5-^4th, 5th, 6th yrs. SO — 2d, 3d > 4th yrs. 25 — 5th, 6th yrs. 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 25 — 5th, 6th yrs. 50 50 } 5 $ 550 5 600 5 650 5 700 5 750 5 5 950 1,050 $ 552 8s6 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 91 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary ■A ^ cS rt gu; Max. t ij Yearly ii^ Sched- 0 >" Salary > '^ 5 $ 800 5 1,000 5 1,700 5 1,100 440 480 3 400 3 440 3 440 3 480 3 540 3 630 3 600 700 3 540 2 300 2 450 6 500 6 d45o 6 dsoo 500 550 600 3 2,000 2 550 2 500 2 525 2 575 2 650 Actual Average Yearly Salary id8. Terra Haute, Ind. (Continued.) 109. Allentown, Pa. High school dept. assts H. S. hds.of depts. and v-prin Prins., high schools All special teachers. 110. McKeesport, Pa , 111. Dubuque, Iowa . 112. Davenport, Iowa .. Primary Schools — Female schools, ist yr. . . Male schools, ist yr Female schools, 2d yr. . . . Male schools, 2d yr Advanced Primary Schools- Female schools Male and mixed schools . . Secondary Schools — Fennale Schools Male Schools Grammar Schools — Female schools Male schools Grade teachers Kind, assts Kind, directors Grade i Grades 2 to 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Prins. high school . Grades i and 7. . . Grades 2 to 5 Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 9 $ 550 750 1.450 750 440 480 380 420 400 450 510 600 550 700 C405 250 350 350 tfsoo <^35o 500 550 600 1,700 450 400 425 475 550 $50 50 50 50 — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 5th, 6th yrs. 20 — 4th 20 — 4th 40 — 4th 30 — 4th 30 — 4th 30— 4th 50 — 4th 45 25 50 25 25 25 100 50 50 50 50 50 $ 756 937 1,700 (a) 567 596 502 300 450 465 433 500 550 600 2,000 522 a Teacher of music $850; teacher of physical culture $900; teacher of drawing $950. c To those who are graduates of state normal schools. Teachers who are graduates of the training department of the McKeesport High School and who hold provisional certificates shall receive $405 per year; those holding professional certificates shall receive $450 for the first year and $495 the second year; those holding permanent certificates shall receive $540 per year. d Depending upon certificates. 117. Bayonne, N. J. n8. Superior, Wis.. 121. Springfield, 111. 122. Butte, Mont... 124. Chelsea, Mass. Grade teachers High school teachers, female High school teachers, male. Vice-prins., grades Kind, assts Kind, directors Grade teachers High school teachers Grade i Grades 2 and 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Prins., 8 or 9 rooms, male. . Prins., 10 or 11 rooms, m. . . Prins., 12 or more rooms, m Grade i Grades 2 to 7 Grades Grade teachers High school teachers $ 400 750 1,000 750 237* 42 7i 42 7i 617* (a) 300 400 500 500 (a) 600 1,000 1,000 I 000 900 6650 900 400 700 $30 30 50 47* 47* 47* 47* (a) 50 50 50 50 (a) 100 100 TOO 10 $ 700 4 850 10 1,500 4 850 5 475 5 665 5 66s 5 855 (a) 600 4 500 3 550 I 550 2 600 (a) 600 600 4 1,400 5 1,450 5 1,500 900 3 800 900 4 600 6 1,000 1 $ 550 800 1,150 800 463 555 774 497 426 509 530 598 573 600 1,322 900 Soo 890 552 916 a Not reported. b Experienced teachers start at maximum salary. 92 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Cow^mweJ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary X ^ S"! Max. •fl'v Yearly Sched- St; ule •2 -c Salary >> 4 $ 540 4 d540 4 /S40 4 1.035 lO 900 lO 650 Actual Average Yearly Salary 125. Topelia, Kans. t26. Fitchburg, Mass. . . Grade teachers Prins. bldgs., 4 rooms or less Prins. bldgs., 5 to 7 rooms. . . Prins. bldgs., 8 or more rooms H. S. trs., without experience Grade teachers $360 C360 6360 900 67s g28o $45 C4S 645 45 — 3d, 4tli, 5th yrs. 45— 3d, 5th, 7th, 9th, nth yrs. 40 — 2d, 3d, 4th, 7th yrs. 80— 5ih, 6th yrs. 50 — nth yr. $495 841 767 644 c And in addition thereto he ?hall receive for each room under his own as follows: first year $27 per year, second year $36; third yaar $45; fourth year $54; fifth year $60 per year. d Plus $60 per year for each room under his own. e And in addition thereto he shall receive for each room under his own as follows: first year $27 per year; second year $36; third year $45; fourth year $54 per year. / Plus $54 per year for each room under his own. g Each and every full years' attendance at a state nornaal school in Massachusetts — on the part of any person receiving a diploma therefrom shall be regarded in computing the compensation as equivalent to a year's experience in teaching in a public school. 127. Knoxville, Tenn. . . 128. East St. Louis, 111.. T31. Montgomery, Ala. . 132. Taunton, Mass. (/) , 134. Passaic, N.J. Prim, grade teachers Gram, grades, female Gram, grades, male First prim., f Second prim., f Grades 2 and 3, f Grade 4, f Grade 5, f Grade 6, f Grade 7, f Grade 8, f Sup. prins., gram, schs., 8 to 1 20 rooms, m j High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Supvs. music and drawing . . . Grade teachers, white Grade teachers, colored Grade assts Grade teachers (dept. rooms) Grade prins. (g) Gr. prins. (h) Grade prins. (i) Rural teachers (7) Rural teachers (k) Rural prins Grade teachers $ 190 237i 380 0550 0500 ^400 &400 0450 a 500 a6oo 0650 1,000 700 1,000 1,000 400 240 300 450 450 475 500 300 350 400 450 $47i 47i 47i 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 or 100 so d2o — 3d to 6th yrs. 8 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 7 $ 513 6 513 3 513 2 650 2 600 2 500 2 500 2 550 2 600 I 650 I 700 4 1,200 3 850 (c) 1,200 4 1,200 5 esoo 5 280 4 400 4 550 4 550 4 575 4 600 4 400 4 450 4 500 10 700 $ 395 385 456 545 471 546 605 655 700 813 1. 150 1,200 438 249 499 550 575 600 360 400 456 572 a Only experienced teachers employed. b Inexperienced teachers. c Not reported. : d Beginning third year, if teacher holds first grade certificate. e Larger salary for unusual skill and success, after years of experience. / Credit given for experience in teaching in other similar schools. A two years' course in a regular normal or training school for teachers shall count as one year's successful experience in teaching, and a four years' course shall count as two years' experience. g At High Street school. h At County Street, Shores Street, South, and Summer Street schools. i At Barnum Street, East Weir, Leonard, North Pleasant Street, North School Street, Pine Street, School Street, Washington, and Whittenton schools. j At Lothrop, Pratt, North, Rocky Woods, Scadding's Pond, and Woodward schools, k Lower department at Oakland and Westville schools, COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 93 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Con/mweci City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary S^l Max. " u Yearly Sched- ;^m ule ^s Salary ^^ 4 $ 42 7^ 7 522i 0 S70 lO 6i7i 5 950 4 540 3 495 4 720 lO 550 9 525 8 Soo 7 850 6 900 b 1, 000 8 1,200 7 2,500 3 425 4 500 4 525 3 550 6 1,200 6 900 t 1,300 5 2,000 Actual Average Yearly Salary 135. Canton. Ohio. 138. Sioux City, Iowa.. 143. Joliet, 111 145. Woonsocket, R. I. . Kind, teachers Grades i to 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8.... Grades, junior i to 8 ... . Grades i to 7 High school teachers Grades i, 7, and 8 Grades 2 and 6 Grades 3, 4, and 5 Prins., grades Supervisor, drawing Supervisor, music Supervisor, primaries Superintendent Kind, principals Grades i to 4 Grades 5 to 8 Grade 9 Prins. gram, grades, male High school teachers .... Sub-masters, high school Prins., high school $332^ 332'2- 332^ 332i 8o7i 360 360 540 337i 337i 337i 525 600 700 800 1,600 350 400 900 600 1,000 1,500 % 28i 28i 28i 28i 28i 45 45 45 22^ 22I 22|- 50 50 50 50 200 — 2d, 3d yrs. 100 — 4th, 8th yrs. . 25 25 — 2d yr. 50— 3d, 4th, 5th yrs. 25 — 2d yr. 50— 3d, 4th, 5th yrs. 50 50 50 50 $ 42 7i 522^ 570 6i7i 940 450 663 433 649 800 • 700 1. 150 2,300 375 1,300 788 (a) 1,500 Not reported. 153. New Britain,Conn. 154. Everett, Mass. 157. Ray City, Mich. 160. Gloucester, Mass. . . 162. North Adams, Mass 164. Kalamazoo, Mich.. . 165. Quincy, Mass Kind, teachers Grades i, 2, 3, 4, and 7. . . Grades 5 and 6 Grades 8 and 9, female. . . . Grade teachers, f Prins., prim., f Prins., gram. (6) Grade i Grades 2 to 8 High school teachers, f . . . . High school teachers, m . . . Prim, teachers Inter, teachers Gram, teachers Asst. teachers (c) Grades i to 8 (fi^) Prins., gram Kind, assts Kind, teachers Grade teachers Grade teachers, f Asst. prins., elementary, f. Prins., gram., m High school teachers H. S., ist asst. teachers, f . . Asst. prins., high school, m Prins., high school $ 380 380 380 420 400 550 700 1,000 1,200 300 300 600 800 300 300 300 304 380 570 320 400 350 400 4SO 1,000 600 1.700 1,000 2,000 $ 20 20 20 (a) 50 50 100 100 100 25 25 25 50 20 20 38— 3d yr. 38 — 3d, 5th yrs. 38 25 25 25 f 25 — 2d to 5th yrs. i 50 — i6th yr. 50 100 50 50 100 100 4 $ 460 4 460 5 480 (fl) 70-0 4 600 2 650 3 1,000 3 1,300 4 1,600 9 525 7 475 4 700 3 050 8 450 8 450 12 525 2 342 4 ^456 5 760 2 350 4 500 6 500 15 550 3 600 4 1,400 4 800 3 850 2 1,200 2 2,200 $ 436 451 526 630 500 408 741 893 388 329 456 692 327 436 409 479 600 1,400 71S 1,100 2,200 a Not reported. b Salary determined by size of building. c Inexperienced. d Experienced teachers. e After 6 years' service merit and grade determine teacher's salary. Maximum in grade 9, $570 after 5 years' service. 94 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co«/z»Me£^ City. Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary X ^ gu; Max. Yearly t-Y, Sched- Salary ^^ 4 $ 675 525 2 075 2 725 725 8 1,000 5 1,200 6 62s 3 500 5 600 9 800 =^ S22* 2 380 3 399 2 42 7i 3 475 4 522i 2 400 2 450 lO 550 lO 550 I 300 12 500 I 300 12 500 2 S50 2 550 3 650 5 495 5 787i 3 600 (a) 700 (a) 640 (a) 660 (a) 680 Actual Average Yearly Salary 170. Aurora, 111. (East s.) 170. Aurora, 111. (Wests.) 171. L'ma, Ohio. 172. Nashua, N. H.. 173. Meriden, Conn. 174. Jamestown, N;Y.. . 175. Wichita, Kans. 176. Waltham, Mass. Grade i Grades 2 to 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grades High school teachers, female High school teachers, m . . . . Grades i and 7 Grades 2 to 5 Grade 6 Grades Grade i Grade 2 Grades 3 and 4 Grades 5 and 6 Grade 7 Grades.....* Prim, teachers Gram, teachers Prim, and inter, teachers. . . Gram, teachers Kind, assts Kind, teachers Prim, assts Grades i to 7 Grades Prins., ward schools, less than 6 rooms, f Prins., ward schools, more than 6 rooms Grade teachers - High school teachers Grades i to S, f Masters' asst., gth grade. . . Prins. prim., 4 rooms Prins. prim., 6 rooms Prins. prim., 8 rooms 675 325 575 625 725 600 700 350 350 350 350 285 285 285 332^ 332i 332i 350 400 350 350 275 325 275 325 500 575 315 540 450 (a) (a) (a) (a) a Not reported. 179. Lewiston, Me. 182. Zanesville, Ohio. . 1S6. Sheboygan, Wis... Kind, teachers Grades i to 5 Grades 6 to 8 Grade 9 Prim, and inter, teachers. . . Kind, assts Kind, teachers Kind, supervisors Grades i, 3, 4, and 5 Grade 2 Grades 6, 7, and S Prin., grades High school teachers, female High school teachers, male. Prins., high school Ger. and music teachers, f . . Ger. and music teachers, m. (a) (a) (a) (a) $ 25 25 25 25 $ 300 50 250 50 450 50 500 50 400 5° 350 50 450 850 50 100 500 50 500 100 1,200 100 500 50 Soo 50 (b) (b) (b) W $ 425 425 475 500 5 525 2 350 I 3 300 650 2 500 2 450 2 550 4 1,200 7 850 5 1,000 3 2 1,500 600 5 750 a First assignments are usually in primary or rural schools at $300. b Not reported. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 95 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE-YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— CoM^mwei City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yfearly Increase in Salary §^; Max. Yearly S "S Sched- ^■5 Salary ■i^ 6 $S93f 5 593i 5 522* 4 522i 6 S70 4 570 8 500 4 400 9 500 .^ 500 600 4 850 4 1,200 10 2,100 3 600 5 850 5 2,500 360 10 ig) 4 380 4 570 8 525 7 475 500 570 Actual Average Yearly Salary 188. Elgin, lU., 189. Watertown, N.Y. 191. Austin, Tex... 193. Burlington, la. Grades i, 2, 7, and Grades i, 2, 7, and Grades 3 to 5 Grades 3 to 5 Grade 6 Grade 6 Kind, teachers Prim, and inter, teachers. Gram, teachers Prins. prim Prins. gram High school teachers, f . . . High school teachers, m . . Prins., high school Supervisor drawing Supervisor music Supt Grades i to 6 Grades i to 6 Kind, assts Kind, directors Prim, teachers Grades lA to 4B Grades 4A to 7A Grades C$270 £^380 270 270 ^^380 350 320 320 440 600 650 1,000 1,600 450 600 1,800 C360 /450 285 475 325 285 500 570 $95— 2d yr. 47* — 3d to 7th yrs. 47* 95— 2d yr. 472 — 3d to 6th yrs. 47* 95 — 2d yr. 47* — 3d to 7th yrs. 47* 50 50 50 50 50 150 ■ 'ig) 25 25 25 / 40 — 2d yr. I \ 25— 3d to 8th yrs. / $ 497 373 479 600 700 1,200 2,000 550 700 2,350 504 c Beginners at $270 are never assigned to either 7th or 8th grades. d Normal graduates. e Teachers holding second grade certificates. / Teachers holding first grade city certificates. g Teachers holding first grade city certificates shall receive $540 after the first year's service in the school; after 5 years' service, the salary of such teachers shall be increased 5 per cent.; after 10 years' service, 5 per cent, additional. 195. Pittsfield, Mass 200. Columbia, S. C 201. Newport, R. I. 202. Decatur, 111. . . , 203. Bangor, Me 204. Waco.Tex 209. Niagara Falls, N.Y. 210. Shenandoah, Pa. . . 214. Rock Island, 111 Grades i to 9 Grade teachers, f . (white) . . . Grade teachers, f . (colored) . . Grade teachers, m. (colored) . Kind, teachers Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grades Grade 9 Grade teachers Grades i to S Grade i, chart class trs.(wh.) Grades 2 to 6 (white) Grade 7 (white) Kind, teachers Grade teachers Prins. grades, f High school teachers, f Grade i Grades i and 7 Grades 2 to 6 Grades 320 31S 180 270 400 400 560 600 700 315 288 472* 450 652* 350 600 315 315 315 $ 20 45 45 45 20 20 SO 45 — 2d, 3d yrs. 1 20 — 4th yr. [ 25— 5thto8thyrs.J f36— 2d, 3d, 5th, 1 \ 7th, loth yrs. / 45 45 / so — 2d, 3d, 6th 1 j SO— 2d, 3d, 6th 1 I yrs. / 50 iSo — 2d, 3d, 6th yrs. is — 3d yr. 27 — 4th yr. 45 45 45 7 $ 460 2 405 2 2 V& 8 8 2 560 560 600 5 2 700 800 7 525 9 46S 3 3 607* 585 652* s 550 5 500 2 700 5 650 3 360 5 540 4 6 495 585 $ 429 405 270 360 504 515 600 660 750 466 427 607* 585 652* 506 443 683 621 345 456 96 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE' YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— CoMiiwMec/ City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary S^i Max. rt _e Yearly iSt, Sched- i^T: Salary >> 19 $900 6 750 9 800 6 540 3 450 4 450 3 630 8 450 2 630 7 550 6 500 4 550 8 800 8 800 4 500 4 600 4 600 5 1,500 4 800 4 900 5 1,500 10 400 10 600 9 525 10 500 10 575 10 650 I 450 2 500 3 550 2 700 4 1,000 2 750 4 1,100 3 900 4 800 15 525 12 475 18 575 Actual Average Yearly Salary 215. Evanston, 111. 216. Leavenworth, Kans. 217. Port Huron, Mich.. . 222. New Albany, Ind.. . 224. Concord, N. H 225. Medford, Mass. 228. Winona, Minn. 220. Perth Amboy, N. J. . 232. Sandusky, Ohio. Grade i Grades 2 to 5 Grades 6 to 8 Grade teachers Grades i to 4 Grades 5, 7, and 8 Grade 6 Prins. grades High school teachers Lower prim, teachers Higher prim, teachers Second gram, teachers Prins. second gram Prins, first gram High school teachers Kind, teachers (i session). . . Kind, teachers (2 sessions).. . Grades i to 8 Prins. gram., m High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Masters, high school, m Kind, assts Kind, teachers Prim., and grade 5 Grades i to 4 Grades 6 and 7 Grades Grades i to 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grades H. S. teachers, mod. cl., f . . . . H. S. teachers, science, f . . . . H. S. teachers, anc. classics, m H. S. teachers, science, m. . . H. S. teachers, commercial, m. Grades i, 5, and 6 Grades 2 to 4 Grades 7 and 8 $650 600 650 360 300 375 350 475 540 300 450 500 300 400 400 1,000 600 700 1,000 300 450 400 400 42 s 500 420 450 475 600 800 650 900 750 600 300 300 25 — 2dto5thyrs. ' 50 — loth, 15th, 20th yrs. J 25 — 2d to 5th yrs. " 50 — 7th yr. 25 — 2d, 3d yrs. 50 — 5th,iothyr?. $22i 25 25 25 50 45 25 — 2d, 3d, 4th ■] yrs. _ I 50 until maxi- [ mumisrea'h'd J 25 — 2d, 3d, 4th ] yrs. I 50 until maxi- [ mumisrea'h'd J 25 25 — 2d, 3d, 4th 1 yrs. 50 until maxi- mum is rea'h'd 25 — 2d, 3d, 4th yr=. 50 until maxi- t mum is rea'h'd SO 50 50 100 50 50 100 15 15 10 15 15 30 25 25 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 — 4th, 7th, loth, 13th, 1 6th yrs. 50 — 4th, 7th j- loth, 13th yrs.j 50 — 4th, 7th, loth, 13th, i6th, i^th yrs, $716 447 392 630 630 476 598 778 583 1,500 750 933 1,175 461 485 447 475 500 700 850 917 465 391 ^531 a Average for grade 7. 237. Galesburg, 111. 241. Lorain, Ohio . Grade teachers High school teachers Grade teachers $ 360 540 0350 $ 45 — 2d, 3d, nth yrs. 272 — 4th yr. 45 25 10 $ S174 5 10 765 600 $ 468 726 466 a Applies to teachers who have had no experience. Two years' experience in country schools shall be cbnsidered equal to one in graded school. A diploma from a good Hterary school or normal school, the board of education to judge in all cases, may entitle the bearer to the same credit as two years' experience in graded schools. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 97 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCREDVLES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary j3 -a is Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 242. Shamokin, Pa Grades i to 7 $ 252 720 810 42 s 250 325 375 475 525 575 700 1,000 600 700 270 270 540 540 540 540 518 475 475 (c) 713 900 500 500 1,400 900 900 900 $ 36 45 95 25 50 25 25 25 25 25 100 100 100 100 45 45 90 90 90 90 47 50 47 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 6 2 2 I I I I I I I 2 2 I 2 4 5 2 3 3 8 3 3 4 4 I 2 8 10 2 2 2 2 $ 450 810 1,000 450 300 350 400 500 550 600 900 1,200 700 900 450 495 720 810 765 1,200 640 607 665^ 522I 760 1,000 900 1,000 1,500 1,000 1,000 1,000 $ 381 244. Portsmouth, Ohio. . . High school teachers High school teachers, m Grades i and s . . 720 886 449 Grade 2 Grade 3 336 388 Grade 6 500 Grade 7 . . 550 Grades 600 High school teachers 900 Supervisor of music .... 700 247. Mansfield, Ohio Supervisor of German Prim, grade teachers Gram, grade teachers 900 1 402 660 Prins grades, m . . 810 248. Richmond, Ind.(&).. High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Grade i 620 1 '" Grade 7 } 651 Grade 8 J Grades 2 to 6 522i Prins elem schools . . } 787 825 1,000 1,500 Prins. gram, schools High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Prins high school .... Supervisor drawing 1,000 b Salary based on license grade, under state law. Based on license grade. d Not reported. 249. New London, Conn, Kinu. assts Grades i and 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Teacher of music . . . . Teachers of drawing . 255. Stockton, Calif. 256. San Diego, Calif.. . 257. Great Falls, Mont. 263. Marinette, Wis. . . 264. El Paso, Tex. 266. Lansing, Mich. Grade teachers . Grade teachers. High school teachers .... Grade teachers High school teachers, f . . Supervisor drawing Supervisor music Kind, teachers Grades i to 5 Grades 6 to 8 Prins. grades Prin. high school Supt. of schools Kind, assts Grade i Grades 2, 4, 5, and 6 . . . . Grade 3 Grade 7 Grade teachers Prins. grades High school teachers, f . . High school teachers, m. $ 300 300 300 300 300 (a) 625 625 650 800 500 600 850 712^ 8l2i 8l2i 8l2i 360 360 450 540 t.ooo [,800 450 850 540 640 670 350 500 500 600 $ 25 25 25 25 25 (a) 25 25 .■25 SO — 2d, 3d yrs. 20 — 4th, 5th yrs. 20 — 6th yr. 10 — 7th to 2ISt yrs. 20 — 2d to 5th yrs. (&) 47i 50 SO SO 45 45 (a) 45 50 100 45 45 45 45 25 25 50 50 2 $ 350 6 450 8 500 10 550 12 600 (a) (a) 625 I 650 4 750 4 900 20 850 14 950 4 950 I 760 3 950 3 950 3 9SO 2 450 2 450 (a) 600 2 630 4 1,200 2 2,000 5 67s 850 6 775 3 775 3 775 6 500 4 600 4 700 8 1,000 335 380 447 508 586 575 613 656 700 900 751 694 923 749 868 950 950 428 413 480 579 1,000 1.750 588 404 525 647 725 a Not reported. b Rate of increase 6th to 15th years not reported. 98 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co»/mMe(i City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary • . <« rt ^^i Max. •f^'ii Yearly Sched- V u -.-i S alary $.^ (b) $ S20 (b) ^6o (b) 520 ib) 560 ds 480 ds 4SO 6500 7 650 3 800 4 850 8 1,400 5 750 5 800 5 750 5 800 4 900 5 1,500 4 900 4 435 4 475 4 530 4 530 4 66s 4 720 4 855 4 815 4 1,235 I 225 2 425 500 7 500 (t) C500 7 45c 6 600 6 S50 6 500 b 525 6 900 6 1,100 5 1,500 6 800 6 800 4 1,900 8 500 12 600 3 468 3 468 3 507 3 507 3 546 5 1,050 5 1,000 b 1,200 3 1,500 Actual Average Yearly Salary 272. Stamford, Conn. 273. Lockport, N. Y. 276. Plainfield, N. J. 279. New Rochelle, N.Y 283. Parkersburg, W.Va. 287. Fond du Lac, Wis. 288. Ann Arbor, Mich. 293. Sedalia, Mo. 296. Alton, 111. . . 297. Middletown, N. Y . 305. Cranston R. I Kind, teachers Grade i Grades 2 to 9 Asst. prin., grade 9 Grade i Grades 2 to 7 Grades 8 to 9 Grade teachers Prins., grades, f High school teachers, f . . High school teachers, m . Assts. kind Head kind, teachers Grades i to 3 Grades 4 to 6 Grades 7 and 8 Prins. grades High school teachers Grades i to 4 Grades 5 and 6 Gram, grades Prins., 2 rooms Prins., 4 rooms Prins., 6 rooms Prins., 10 rooms High school teachers Prins., high schools. ,. . . Assts. kind Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 8 Grade teachers Prins., grades Grade teachers Grades i and 8 Grades 2 and 7 Grades 3 and 4 Grades 5 and 6 High school teachers Asst. prins., high school. . Prins., high schools Supervisor of drawing . . . Supervisor of music Supt. of schools Prim, and inter, teachers Gram, teachers Kind, teachers Prim, teachers Gram, teachers Prins., prim, and kind., f Prins., gram., f Prins., gram., m High school teachers, f . . High school teachers, m. Prins., high school (a) (a) (a) (a) 300 500 475 650 650 1,000 700 1,200 700 340 380 435 475 570 625 665 625 1.045 180 375 500 .325 500 270 400 3SO 300 325 600 800 1,000 550 550 1,500 400 450 351 351 390 390 429 702 500 600 1,200 25 50 50 100 — 3d yr. 50 — 4th, 5th, 6th yrs. 100 — 3d yr. so— 4th, 5th, 6th yrs. 100 — 3d yr. 50 — 4th, sth, 6th yrs. 100 — 3d yr. so— 4th, sth, 6th yrs. 100 — 3d yr. 1 so — 4th, 5th yrs. i 300 — 6th yr. 100 — 3d yr. ] so — 4th, 5th yrs. J 47i— 3d, 5th yrs. 47i — 3d, 5th yrs. 47i — 3d, sth yrs. 47^ — 3d, 5th yrs. 472 — 3d, 5th yrs. 47^ — 3d, 5th yrs. 95 — 3d, 5th yrs. 95 — 3d, 5th yrs. 95— 3d, sth yrs. 45 25 25 25 22^ — 2d to 8th 1 yrs. !■ 45— 6th yr. J 33i 33i 33J 33* 50 50 100 4i5 4if 100 25 — bi-yearly 25 — bi-yearly 39 39 39 39 39 78 100 100 100 a Not fixed. b Not reported. c Plus $12- for each session room used in the building. d Credit given for experience in other graded schools under jurisdiction of a superintendent of schools, except that the maximum ($480) is not paid to first primary grade teachers until they have taught five years in Lockport. e Board reserves the right to make the maximum salary of the first'assistant $600 per atmum. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 99 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary X — s^i Max. Yearly Sched- V u ule Salary ^^ 5 $ S40 4 500 6 600 (a) 700 4 1,000 2 700 4 500 (a) 693! 2 450 I 500 2 550 600 i6 900 4 400 4 450 5 500 6 550 5 C500 6 dsso 3 700 6 550 6 55° 8 600 4 1,000 8 1,200 (a) 1,500 Actual Average Yearly Salary 306. Streator, 111. . . . 307. Marietta, Ohio. 308. Muscatine, Iowa . 309. Cheyenne, Wyo. . . 316. Clinton, Mass 317. Newburyport, Mass, 323. Wobum, Mass 324. Melrose, Mass. Grade teachers Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grades 7 (if prin.), f Prins., elementary schools, m High school teachers, f Grade teachers Grade teachers Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grades Grade 9 High school teachers, f Grades i to 4 Gram, teachers Prim, teachers, f Gram, and mixed grades Prins., prim., f Prins., gram, f High school teachers, f Kind, teachers Grade teachers, f Prins., prim., 4 rooms, f Prins., gram., 8 rooms, f Prins., gram., 8 rooms, m. . . . Prins., gram., 16 rooms, m. . . $ 355 300 300 (a) 800 600 300 6oii 400 475 500 600 500 300 350 300 340 C300 dsAO 450 400 400 400 800 800 (a) $ 45 50 .50 (a) 50 50 50 464(6) 25 25 25 25 25 25 40 35 40 I 50 — 2d yr. I. 100 — 3d, 4th yrs. 25 25 25 50 50 (a) i 506 466 650 988 700 453 648 450 475 500 600 713 368 452 469 525 578 689 406 523 900 1,250 a Not reported. h Increase applies only one year regularly. c In addition to salary, $12^ per annum for each primary room under their charge (not including their own). d In addition to salary, $25 per annum for each grammar room under their charge (not including their own), and $12^ for each primary room. 325. Hammond, Ind. 328. Freeport, 111. 330. Hyde Park, Mass. . . 334. Ashland, Wis 338. Leominster, Mass. . . Prins., kind Grade teachers f Prins., grades High School Teachers — History English German Latin. ... Mathematics Grades, i, 6 and 7 Grade 2 Grades 3 to 5 Grades Grades i to 3, f Grades 4 to 7, f High school teachers, f Prins., high school Kind., teachers Grades i to 8 Prins., grades High school teachers. ... Grades i to 6, i gr. in room. Grades i to 6, 2 grs. in room . Grades 7 and 8 Grade 9 Prins., 4-room bldgs., grs. below 7, I gr. in room Prins., 4-room bldgs., grs. below 7, 2 grs. in room. . . . Prins., 4-room bldgs., also teachers of grades 7 or 8. . . Prins., 8 rooms Prin. and teacher, grade 9... . $ 42 7i 42 7i (a) 570 570 6i7i 665 (a) 350 350 350 350 400 425 600 1,800 475 475 665 6174 (a) {a) {a) 450 {a) ia) (a) (a) (a) $ 23f 2 3f "4 ^4 23f (a) 25 25 25 25 25 — 2d, 3d yrs. 50— 9th yr. 25 — 2d, 3d, 9th yrs. 25 200 22^ 22^ 47i 47^ 38 38 38 50 38 38 38 (a) (a) 0 $ 627 9 627 (a) 6627 (a) (a) (a) (a) 4 712^ 2 712I (a) 712^ 6 500 2 400 4 450 8 550 8 500 8 500 2 650 I 2,000 9 665 7 6i7i 2 760 3 760 (a) 494 (a) 513 ia) 532 3 600 (a) 532 (a) 551 (a) 570 {a) 608 ia) 676 $ 523 500 623 641 490 383 401 C750 429 500 675 2,000 530 697 674 433 445 451 c68o 589 a Not reported. b For each teacher in their charge, $38 per year extra. c Grade teacher and principal. LOfC. lOO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Co«/wMe£f City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary ^ . nj rt s"; Max. " ji Yearly Sched- *t "^ Salary >> {a) $ 700 5 950 5 1,400 S 2,000 ia) 400 (a) 600 (a) 600 Actual Average Yearly Salary 338. Leominster, Mass. (Concluded.) High school teachers High school teachers, m. . . Sub-masters, high school. Prins., high school Teacher, phys. cult Teacher, singing Teacher, drawing $ 360 700 900 1,500 {a) (a) ia) 50 100 100 50 50 50 $ 560 1,025 1,600 400 600 a Not reported. 345. Ithaca, N. Y. 347. Marlboro, Mass 350. Menominee, Mich . Kind, teachers (a). Grades i to 6 (a) . Grades 7 and 8 High school instructors, f (c). . High school instructors, m.(c) High school teachers, f (e). . . . High school teachers, m, {e) . Grades i to 8 Asst. prins., gram Prins., gram High school teachers Supervisor, drawing Supervisor, music Schedule adopted for school year 1904-1905 — Kind, teachers Grades, i, 6 and 7. Grades 2 and 3.. . . Grades 4 and 5 % Grades Prias., ward bldgs High school teachers Man. tr. teachers, f Man. tr. teachers, m Supvrs., music and drawing. Superintendent a% 350 350 450 400 500 600 700 380 550 800 500 500 500 0380 /42 7i a427i /475 0380 /427-i 04034 /45ii ii) JAIS as7o /6i7i 380 760 570 1,700 $ 50 — 2d yr. 25 — 3d, 4th, 5th yr.. 50 — 2d yr. 25— 3d, 4tli,Sth yrs. 25 100 100 50 75 38 50 100 50 50 50 23! or 47-^g 23! or 47^^ 23! or Alhs '23f or 47^g 23! or Alls 23I 23! or A^ig 23I 47* 23f 100 4 &I475 4 ^475 3 I I 4 *S25 500 600 6800 4 &1000 4 I 500 600 I 5 2 2 900 725 600 600 ih) 522* (h) S70 (h) S22i (h) S46i ih) 2 6i7i 752 2i {h) 712* 4 3 8 475 902* 760 3 2,000 $425 455 518 id) 825 1,050 500 id) 900 628 600 600 a Inexperienced. b Any teacher remaining in the employ of the board 10 consecutive years, may, at the option of the board, have $25 added to the specified salaries. c Inexperienced college graduates. / Experienced teacher. d None reported. g At the discretion of the board of education. e Teachers of at least two years' successful experience, h Not reported. i Not to exceed $522^. 7 In addition to regular salary, one receives $5 per year, one receives $23! per year, one receives $28* per year, two receive $47* per year, and one receives $71^ per year. 350. Menominee, Mich . (Concluded.) Schedule in force prior to school year 1904- 1905 — Kind, teachers Grades i and 4 to 7 Grades 2 and 3 Grade 8 Prins., ward bldgs High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Prins., high school Man. tr. teachers, f Man. tr, teachers, m Supvrs., music and drawing. . Superintendent $ 380 427* 380 475 475 570 570 950 380 760 570 1,700 $ 23J 23f '4 23f 23? 23f (fl) 23f 47* 23f 9 $ 475 2 475 9 475, 2 522i 2 522i 3 64ii 4 665 (a) 1,000 0 475 3 902* 8 760 3 2,000 $ 435 434 408 465 482 594 610 950 6465 760 713 1,800 o Not reported. b Teacher of sewing. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS lOI SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEBU-LES— Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary •S'S u Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 352. Ansonia, Conn $400 425 450 550 575 250 3S0 800 900 $25 25 25 25 25 r 40 — 2d, 4th yrs. 1 20 3 50—5 1 ^ 60—6 J / 50-2 -1 I 60-3 / 100 100 5 5 5 1 I 5 2 I I $525 550 575 575 600 460 460 900 100 $525 5SO 575 Grades 3 and 4 Grade 7 Grade 8 •354. Dover, N. H Grade teachers ( c) Grade teachers (d) \ 409 Prins., gram, (e) } 900 c Not graduates of normal school. d Normal graduates. e Belknap school. / Sawyer school. 357. Cairo, 111. 361. Leadvile, Colo. 362. Westfield, Mass. . . 364. Marion, Ohio 371. Oklahoma, O. T. 372. Hannibal, Mo... . 375. Marshalltown, la.. 377. Saratoga Sp., N. Y, Grades, i and 8 Grades, 2, 3, 4, and mixed. . Grade 5 Grades 6, 7 Prins., bldgs High school 2nd to 5th assts High school, ist assts Prin., colored high school. . Prin., white high school. . . Supervisor, music Superintendent Grade i Grades 2 to 7 Asst. prins., wards, f Prins., wards, f Prins., ward, m High school teachers Prim, supervisor Supervisor, music Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grades i, 5, 6, 7 Grades 2 to 4 Grades Grade teachers Prins., ward schools Superintendent Grade i Grades 2, 3 Grades 4 to 7 Grades Grade teachers Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 9 $ 450 270 315 360 540 450 540 675J 900 450 1,400 600 600 800 800 1,000 850 800 960 390 (a) (a) 315 315 315 360 675 1,800 315 270 315 360 360 375 500 $ 22^ 22i 224 22^ 37^ 37^ 37* 37i ^°i 22f 100 30 30 20 20 100 75 20 30 and (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 22* 45 300 45— 3d 45— 3d, 45— 3d 45— 3d 22* 25 — 2d, nth 25 — 2d, yrs. 6 $ 585 6 40s 6 450 6 495 6 765 6 675 6 765 6 900 6 1,200 6 585 6 2,000 6 760 4 720 2 840 2 840 3 1,300 2 1,000 20 (a) 840 1,080 4S0 (a) 520 (a) 560 3 450 3 405 3 495 6 495 2 765 I 2,100 to 6th yrs. 5 495 4th jTS. 3 360 , 4th yrs. 3 405 to 6th yrs. ^ 540 14 675 3d. 4th, ] yrs. 1 10 475 3d, nth I 575 $ 495 333 383 489 662 621 900 1,200 585 2,000 688 677 840 827 1. 130 1,000 S40 1,000 461 480 560 413 369 495 455 690 2,100 440 327 364 449 462 448 546 a Not reported. 380. Attleboro, Mass. 383. Dunkirk, N. Y. . . 386. Greenwich, Conn. Grades i to 4 Grades 5 to 7 Grades Prins., 4 rooms, f Prins., 8 rooms, f Prins., 12 rooms, m. . . . High school teachers, f . High school teachers, m Prins., high school Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 8 Grade teachers $ 400 400 440 (a) 700 900 450 600 1.450 390 500 550 $20 — 2d yr. . 40— 3d yr. 40 40 (a) 50 100 50 100 100 or 50 30 50 2 $ 460 2 480 2 520 (a) 520 3 S50 3 1,200 5 700 4 1,000 (a) 1.750 2 450 500 2 650 $ 448 748 613 600 1,750 440 500 610 a Not reported. NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Con/wMffi Ciy Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary ■g-s u Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 389. Fort Smith, Ark. . . . Grade i, f Grades 2 to ■;, f. . $ 405 360 360 360 (a) 500 1,500 350 {a) 600 700 900 400 400 400 500 400 800 350 600 900 750 900 1,200 22I f 50— 2d yr. "1 25— 3d, 4th, 5th ^ («r ^ 50 100 / 25— 2d, 3d yrs. \ \ 50— 5th,iothyrs. / (0) / 50— 2d, 3d, 5th, "1 1 loth yrs. 1 50— 2d, 3d, 5th, 1 \ loth yrs. / 50 25 50 50 50 50 to 100 200 25 50 50 50 50 50 8 6 8 4 (a) 3 3 9 (a) 9 9 2 4 2 3 2 (a) I 3 3 2 3 2 6 $585 495 840 450 475 62s 1,800 500 600 800 900 1,000 500 500 550 600 700 1,000 642 s 750 1,000 900 1,000 1,500 $ 466 421 52s 428 475 625 1,700 447 394. Tiffin, Ohio Grade 8 (6) Yiilh. school teachers Su perintendent 395. Phillipsburg, N. J. . Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 8 (c) 600 High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Prins., high school 725 825 1,000 400. Framingham, Mass. 403. Revere, Mass 467 Grades i to 3 1 404. Rutland, Vt 407. Walla Walla, Wash. Grades 7 and 8 High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Grades i to 7 . ... J ''" 550 800 404 626 Prins grades 938 High school teachers Prin., high school, f 780 1,000 a Not reported. h Experienced teachers, only. c Filled by promotion from lower grades. d Teachers below the high school, who have served ten years consecutively, may be advanced in salary at the discretion of the board. 416. Geneva, N. Y. 418. Mankato, Minn. . , 422. Ottawa, 111 423. Portsmouth, N. H. 429. Athens, Ga — 435. Meadville, Pa. 438. Beaver Falls, Pa. Kind, teachers Prim, and inter, teachers. . . . Gram, teachers, grs. 8 and 9 . . Prins., elementary High school teachers, f High school teachers, m Prins., girls' high school Prins., boys' high school Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade i (c) Grades 2 to 6 Grade 7 Grade 8... _. Supvr. music Supvr. penmanship and dr. . . Superintendent Kind, teachers and assts Grade teachers High school teachers Grade teachers (white schs.).. Grade i Grades 2 to 8 High school teachers, mathe- matics High school teachers, other branches Grades i, 6 and 7 Grades 2 to 5 Grade 8 Grade 9 a$ 280 0280 500 500 500 500 700 900 315 450 495 575 450 450 450 650 650 1,500 300 300 500 390 324 324 450 378 360 396 423 $ 40 to 50 40 to 50 50 5° 50 50 to 100 100 100 45 45 45 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 50 50 / 30 — 2d yr. 1 \ 60 — 3d, 4th yrs. / 30 45 — 4th, 7th yrs. 45 — 4th, 7th yrs. 45 — 4th. 7th yrs. 45— 4th, 7th yrs. ib) $ 500 (b) 500 2 600 2 600 2 600 (b) 800 3 1,000 3 1,200 3 450 3 .5«5 3 530 575 2 550 3 575 4 625 4 625 2 750 2 1,700 5 550 5 550 6 800 3 540 3 d495 3 d45o 3 540 3 600 6 468 b 450 6 6486 6 5513 * 471 480 600 600 717 1,000 900 447 575 52s 575 62s 625 750 1,700 407 470 725 483 495 461 580 449 377 /486 558 a With previous experience in teaching. Experience elsewhere credited. b Not reported. c Only experienced teachers. d Some teachers drawing $540 by special act of the board. e Two of the three get $45 per year each additional as principals (non-gupervising), / Not including two whb receive additional pav as principals. g Get $45 per year each additional as ijon-supervising principals, COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 103 SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES— Conimued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly- Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary K — gUJ Max. •g'k! Yearly ? "^ Sched- Pi V3 ule- Salary ^> 6 $ 400 3 550 8 700 2 700 14 1,100 7 1,100 4 400 4 450 4 550 8 650 2 700 ■; 480 6 675 4 500 4 550 3 475 4 500 6 650 4 400 2 400 I 400 4 ^475 4 «475 2 450 I 405 2 450 2 S8s 2 585 I 1,150 2 540 3 585 2 1,800 6 Soo 4 800 6 650 Actual Average Yearly Salary 441. Fort Scott, Kans. . . 448. Bloomfield, N. J . . . 45i\ Carlisle, Pa. 455. Middletown, Conn.. 456. Escanaba, Mich — 457. Hudson, N. Y 463. Waterville, Me 465. Olean, N. Y 472. Traverse City,Mich. 473. Port Jervis, N. Y . . Grade teachers Kind, teachers Grade teachers, f Grade teachers, m High school teachers, f . High school teachers, m Prim, grades Inter, grades, f Inter, grades, m Gram, grades High school teachers, f . Grade teachers High school teachers, f . Grades i to 6 Grades 7 and 8 Prim, teachers Gram, teachers High school teachers . . . Grade teachers Grade teachers Grade teachers Grade teachers Grade teachers Kind, teachers Prim, teachers, f Gram, teachers, f Prin., gram, schools.. . . High school teachers. . . Prins., high school Supervisor music Supervisor drawing Supt. of schools Grade teachers Prins., gram, schools, m High school teachers, f . $ 280 475 500 600 750 750 300 350 450 450 600 380 400 450 500 400 400 500 0200 ^350 C375 ^375 <^375 360 360 360 495 495 1,100 450 4SO 1,500 350 600 500 25 25 50 25 50 25 25 25 25 50 20 ^° SO— sth yr. 50 — 5th yr. 25 25 25 SO 25 25 25 25 45 45 45 45 45 50 45 45 50 25 50 25 $ 400 500 538 600 813 850 396 530 650 441 584 458 525 459 540 400 442 442 413 386 506 555 1,200 495 585 1,800 466 650 650 a Untrained and inexperienced teachers. b Inexperienced normal teachers. c Ai teachprs. d Inexperienced teachers. e Maximum $500 in 7th grade. 477. Corsicana, Tex .. 481. Iron Mountain . . Mich. 483. Oskaloosa, Iowa. 486. Batavia, N. Y.. . 487. Keene, N. H.... 488. Pasadena, Calif 492. N.Tonawanda,N.Y Grade teachers, white Grade teachers, colored. . . . Grades i to 4 Grades 5 to 8 Prins., gram, schools, m. . . Hi xh school teachers Prim, teachers Grades other than primary Grade teachers Grades i to 4 Grades i to 4 Grades 5 to 10 Grades 5 to 10 High school teachers Grade teachers High school prep, teachers. h 450 360 ^42 7 2 0475 6i7i 6174 450 360 350 C264 d28o^ «'288 /306 810 360 (b) 47i 47i 47i 47i / 22^ — 2d, 3d yrs. I 2 7— 4th yr. 25 and 50 16^ — 2dto5thyr3. 33— nth yr. 16^ — 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. \ 33— nth yr. 18 — adtosthyro. 36 — nth yr. 18— 2d, 3d, 4th yrs. 36 — nth yr. 100 f 40 — 2d yr. \2S — 3dto6thyrs. 25 5 $ 540 5 405 3 3 4 4 0570 a6i7i 8o7i 8o7i 450 3 432 (b) 550 10 363 10 363 10 396 10 396 2 1,000 5 500 ib) 550 $522 402 494 523 713 706 418 440 [ 313 806 462 a Principals get $47^ per year in addition to grade salary. b Not reported. c Inexperienced teachers. For every two years' service in graded schools elsewhere $16^ per year is added to the salary which would otherwise be received. d Normal school graduates. For every two years' service in graded schools elsewhere $16^ per year is added to the salary which would otherwise be received. e Inexperienced teachers. For every two years' service in graded schools elsewhere $18 per year is added to the salary which would otherwise be received. / Normal school graduates. For every two years' service in graded schools elsewhere $18 per year is added to the salary which would otherwise be received. I04 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARY SCHEDULES AND ACTUAL AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN CITIES REPORTING SCHEDULES -Continued City Position or Grade Min. Yearly Schedule Salary Yearly Increase in Salary 0 >> 3 Max. Yearly Sched- ule Salary Actual Average Yearly Salary 492. N.Tonawanda,N.Y. (Concluded.) Prins., gram, school, f Prins., gram, school, m High school teachers $ 550 600 550 1,200 360 360 300 600 1,700 400 500 300 350 50c 500 ib) $ so 50 100 45 il so 100 40 SO 25 25 so SO ib) 2 3 3 4 3 8 2 3 2 2 4 8 6 ib) $ 600 700 700 1,500 S40 495 500 ^700 2,000 480 600 400 S50 800 ib) $ 600 638 680 493. Duquesne Pa 496. Alliance Ohio 498. Willimantic, Conn.. Grades i, 7, and 8 Grades 2 to 6 Grade teachers 529 480 452 High school teachers Prins., high school 638 1,900 454 467 } 423 635 675 SCO. Cumberland.R. I.. Grades i to 7 High school teachers Gram, teachers High school teachers, f High school teachers, m b Not reported. g By special action of the board, more is sometimes given. S08. Selma, Ala. (a) . S09. Owosso, Mich Sio. Xenia, Ohio 523. Trertiont, Ohio 534. Bowling Green, Ky. 535. Emporia, Kans S37. Rockland, Me 539. Chippewa Falls,Wis. Grade i Grades 2 to 4 Grades s and 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade teachers High school teachers, f . . . High school teachers, m. . Grades 2 and 3 (e) Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grades Grade teachers Grades i to 5 Grades 6 to 8 Grades i to 5 Grades 6 to 9 Sub-masters, high school. Prins., high school-. Prim, teachers Inter, teachers Gram, teachers, f Gram, teachers, m High school teachers $ 480 400 480 480 600 320 Soo 700 350 270 495 585 400 405 450 325 350 600 1,000 360 360 450 450 58s ib) ib) ib) ib) ib) $ 40 C50 C50 so 45 2 5 — 2d, 45 45 25 25 SO 100 22^ 22^ 22^ 22^ 45 9th yrs 6 % s6o 6 S20 6 600 6 640 6 800 (/) 440 600 id) 800 I 400 3 40s 495 ,585 8 450 I 4SO I 495 2 375 2 400 4 800 6 1,600 I 382^ /6 482i i^ 495 u 540 h 67s $ 560 520 600 640 800 391 SSO 683 400 395 443 450 495 363 800 1,500 443 666 a White school. b Increase bi-yearly, amount not reported. c Frequency of increase not reported. d Not reported. e Inexperienced teachers are started in second and third grades. / May be advanced more rapidly if work merits it. 543. Warren, Pa. . 545. Danville, Pa. 547. Cripple Creek, Colo. Grades i to 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 High school preparatory Grade i Grades 2 to 4 Grades 5 and 6 Grades 7 and 8 Teachers of music Grade i Grades 2 to 6 ( e) Grades 2 to 6 ( /) Grade 7 Grade 8 a, H333 ^360 ^-382* 6405 315 315 315 3SO 31S 720 600 640 720 $ 9 9 9 9 18 18 18 18 45 40 40' 40 C$8 6J40S CIO W450 CIO M472i CIO bd^gs 4 $387 3 360 5 405 II S40 3 450 2 800 3 720 2 720 720 10 810 $378 37t 360 736 a No person who has had less than one year's experience engaged. Only persons having had three or more years of successful experience shall be engaged in the first and second primary grades. b Principals of buildings shall receive an additional salary as follows: $45 per year for a four-room building; $90 per year for an eight-room building; $135 per year for a ten-to twelve-room building. c Allowance made in whole or in part for experience in other schools. d Teachers who have had five years' successful experience, at least two years of which must be while teaching in the Warren public schools, may by reason of special merit receive $25 per year in addition to the amount fixed by the board for the grade. Teachers who have had ten years' successful experience, at least three years of which must be while teaching in the Warren pubhc schools, may by reason of special merit receive $50 per year in addition to the amount fixed by the board for the grade. e Teachers who have had less than one year's experience in graded schools, not graduates of state normals. / Teachers who have had at least one year's experience in graded schools, or who are graduates of state normals. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 105 SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL TOWNS OF UNDER 8,000 POPULATION As has already been explained inquiries were sent out calling for salary- reports from three towns in each state, one of which requires the maximum expenditure for cost of living, one a medium expenditure, and one a mini- mum expenditure. In response to these requests the committee is able to present statistics of salaries from 74 towns representing 22 states. Of course many towns which have a population of from 6,000 to 8,000, for example, are well represented by the fuller salary reports of the cities and towns just above 8,000, which are shown in the first section of this report and in the general tables at the end of the report. The form of the presentation here is the same as Table I which presents the salaries for the cities and towns with a population of 8,000 or over. The table giving salaries in the small towns follows. The states are arranged in alphabetical order, the towns by size from largest to smallest. lo6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION p-l ^ ^'l ^ w Oh < n O ^ rn w W Q f^ A 3 ^^ < Q > < H-J P^ H < O PS u Q z 0 I Q 1 > : : : : -.^ S : : 1 : : ; .s IS : :| § : • 6 2; : : ; Jl_ •ON : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 X > I u s w 2 1 <; K :S K :g § J R :| s :a 0 -00 "S • PI 00 s -.s 00 -VO g -.i S \i t i» S is « :| « 1 ci ^1 1 :| $ iS I IS 1 ::- 1 :S 1 il 1 :l 1 d • N .^ . OS M . 1^ 1^ . Tj- Tt . CO CO . (N < < S q ■ ^ t^ 0000 1 q 0 1 :g :? 22 f^ 00 00 d 3 i II 1 i£ H H 2 2 t- 0000 2 : : d 6 25 H ^ \rt ■ H 1 IS .2* a 1 1 < 0 CO • ^ ;- H ■ R . : ': H i fO • fO t^ H 8 : : : : : ■ H" " d J .s IS ^ : CO • J> S 8 : t^ CO • 8 : ': •^ :S d •^ : H . M H . . • • H Yearly Salary of Supt. 3. • : 8 : :r: : 3 : ■ vS • ■ 3 ■ • vS- • • 3 ■ : M 1 No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers t3- • . CO ■ ■ M . . CO • • Ov • • TT • • 0 s Popula- tion Census of 1900 S : : 4 ■ ■ CO ■ ■ 0 ■ •' CO ■ ■ S; : : pT ■ ■ 0 • • VO • • b g i 5 0 T Central City, Colo . M F T Ft. Collins, Colo.... M F T Goldfield, Colo M F T Anaconda, Colo M Altman, Colo M F T Gillett,Colo M F T Independence, Colo . M H i COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 107 i2 ^ ^ ^ : : : : : ^1 ? s '■% ^ 1? S ■a a :^ ^ < H >< S • • • • •.&' . • ■^ t Q z ^ s 5 •ON : :| : : : 1 : : : : : : 1 : : ! : : :! • • • 1 : : : 1 : 8- ^ • 0 0 ■ ;;:^ ,R- • ro ■ 0 0 . 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H ^ lii H ^^ H ^^ H m^ H ^^ H ^^ H ^^ H i 1 .s 1 ! i 1 > t c ^ ^ o j$ ^ 0 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 109 . . .; • c> a • • • 2 s • m^ • • • S ; ; : 'm i • . ; ; - : : s dJ r! i! >.(/5 Q •ON : : : : : : 00 n ■ 0 n ro ro CO • 0 0 Tf tj- 10 x;)- rl- • t Tl- «; »o r- • 0 0 ^8 0 • 0 0 tn CO ro • 10 ^ • 0 .t! a: x' • 00 00 0 • 2: 2 2:2: Ov U) a> >. ?; m ■g 1 s 7^ n 0 0 0 - 10 xo coo c8 • 0 0 10 • 0 0 0 0 0 Q< >< is • 2. 4 vo • 0 0 • •^ VOVO a ■^ .. m^ cs ro rt to > •.z, ^ • 0 n 0 • 0 0 0 ^ • 00 no fO . r^ ^ z vO ■ VO > Tt- • t r^ vo vo • ^ ■t 1) s >> <; m ^ C3 1 0 ■ 0 X 0 • 0 000 0 0 0 0 10 . bfl • r^ a >. ?■ m ^ -T-J :8 8 0 • 0 • 0 0 0 0 n 0 • 0 fl c 10 • ov 0 ■^ • r^ \r) s m ^ d • p) . "p «§■ ^ ^ E^ 1 J3 a \0 ^ HH 8 'S'S 00 :^ ^ :S. 0 •>;(■ ifl >. ^ ^ Jn 8 X ^ N H CO z < •I i %\ : w I :| 1 \% % 1: 1 '0 K 0 n 0 • 0 8 : § • 0 0 ■ 10 10 0 ■ 0 a H uo X • •* ^ •* • 't ; :8. ^ :% % S • !o }=^ >> ^ . -^ 1^ • a s • 0 n 0 ■ 0 0 • 0 0 • 10 lO 0 • 0 -3 !^ a :^ % t • ^ 0 • 8 ; g g vo ■ '^ S • «^ H ' 0 H ■ H •c i^b .• § ': l\ 0 ■ l\ 1; c? • 0 ■ i-. Year Sala of Sup M H ■ H ■ M • H ■ m C/5 <1 on 00 Ov 0 H 0 "•sl^^s I-" ^f^e^^-^g o\ r^ ■^ pula- lon nsus 1900 r- ro (N 0 r^ vo -^ vo vo' ^-u^ g^ H s^ H %^ H %^ H g^ H %^ H %^ H ^^ H Tl H oi ^ H ■ H g U 1 <: 1 i-i i ^ 0 g M S 0 1 t/5 •3 S c t- ^ 1 C 1 0 no NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION p.^ p^ , < o ^ W Q 2. < Q >^< < w >^ w O -< Pi W < g < g 9 Q ;z; <: (^ w pq u td 0 2 t5 1 1 tn 1 > ; ; ; : : i 1 • • Q : : : : '■ •ON : : 1 i s i W 2 1 1 •< ^1 ° --.l fO • CO ro • CO CO • CO CO ■ CO % --A i i3 3 ji s • o •J o . o o • 0 o • o CO • CO CO • l> 1 ii :8 8 ::? CO • fO CO • CO CO • CO P> • CO CO • CO S :28 CO • M 1 d •00 00 . ^ ■■-t" -"Tf t . ^ Tf . Tl- Tj- . (N CS • H " -S 3 15 a. 'i 1 J 1 Xn XT, . to lO . to O • I "zl o 13 m IT) . IC % : o o • m • CO s ^ i ' . ; . ; II M . H .VO 13 § o S2 ■s 1 1 ■< I :. •. \l X S : : CO • • : :8 8 :% ■^ i :: : : : : : : : io 1 i •" - : : : : ^ t C 1 ■< •I 5 M : 8; 1 i O • • ? : : : : : ; |: 1 m a % : : : : : : : : : : : i |i o o d : " "^ : : : .: '■ ; " ; " Yearly Salary of Supt. «■■ : l: No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers H • • CO • • ^ Popula- tion Census of I goo 1 : : « : ; . :: xn ■ ■ % : : 0 Q 5 o 1 T Mansfield, La M F T Logansport, La M T Grand Cane, La.... M F T Pelican, La M F T Longstreet, La M T Benson, La M F T Brunswick, Me M F H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS III Z 1 1 4 •3 "m" ■ ' ' ' ' ^ 1 ■• -1 8 : ; ■ ■ ■ • • : : : d . a 'rt' ' ' : : "-' 1 Q n •ON : : : : : : : 1 : : • u >> s .a 1 1 ■< 3 :| 3 '3 0 . 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ID 1 1 1 § 1 s 1 0 1 1 U d .s i 1 6 i 6 h 112 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION O o ^ ^ ■< :Po 0 . . :vR vg : . »o . r- i2 1 •^ •^ • • • fO • ■^ • • • 1 :a ^ :^ v^ :^ :S S <-> >> m^ '^ ' ■ * • • t> c • • 0 • 0 0 Pi < 0 H ^ S ■^ ■ • • • o : '^ ^ • " '-' ■ ^ • CO -co < z z w t>^ o n ! ! H ^^ - Q •ON : : : : 1 : : : : : : : : : : w • Ov r- t^ :R n •VO VO r^ ■ t^ Q > ■< •^ '^ ■3 ■"o e . CO • ^ "t •VO VO • ^ ^ Iz; < • 0 o • 0 n ■ 0 to ■ 0 n • 0 0 ■ 0 H w a £ •4 • 0 VO •VO VO r^ ^ O ^ S ffl ij E^ >< C3 • 2. q .VO VO •VO VO n ^ § S m ^ *—* U ■ ^ VO •VO VO • N r< • CO CO • CO CO • o« ov > 0 « 0 3 « M < o m • to . ^o >o 0 0 0 Tt CO ■ CO 0 0 f^ < 00 • Ov Ov • 0 Ov CO • CO VO s > < ^ •^ H Q . r- . IC • 0 0 0 0 ?n ■ 0 0 R : R ^^ 0 vO • ■o •VO VO 'a- '^ •^ CO a, >. ^. ^ H ■ M M H H g f. oj lO . lO ■ to to 0 Ph "^ • '^ ^ ^ ^ ■. < y> '3^ ^ ■* 10 M 10 3-3 3 ^"^ '^ ;vH ^ ■ r~- m p O Qd J2 w :R sg 0. ^ ■* 10 VO VO VO m -^ • vO VO •VO u f«^ '-1 sH 2 0 rj- Ov 00 >o vB pi! <; s § •^ ■* VO "^ ^ •VO • 10 ^ 1 • r^ ■^ ^ ^ S-3 ]a^ ■ CO H : R g ; R r^ ■ r^ VO ■ .f! 8 ■ 0 W > 0\ • VO ■ VO r- • t-~ 0 • 0 >H K 5 < 3 IS ^ H • 0 VO • 0 ^ : 3 r^ " • °' > ^ : 8 0 : ^ vO ■ vO 8 • 0 fi, § ^ a . VO • • VO vS ■ ^ r^ • 2' : M- Q M . ^ o < z o ■ 0 • 0 • 0 • 0 • 8 : S D m' • ro • h' • ^' • 3 ■ ^ >,co yj ^ ^ ^ 0 ^ VO 0 ^ to :^ ^ Tf N fO 0 •O lO vO t3 o. VO 00 q; q; ^ u, "' w t^ " s s ^fa H ^fa H ^fa H gfa H gfa H gfa H ^fa H l^fa H -73 Q ;z; < ^ y 6 4 rO t— > Pi s 'k -£ ^ 4 iz; ^ y3 1 pa i 1 i ^ s ^ ;z 5 1 1 0 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 113 z w < u Q z t2 1 1 -< ■3 3 ' ' 8 ; : : : : c 8 ;: : : : 1 ■^ 3 ■ ■ 0 tJ Q ^1 •ON : : 1 : : : | : : : i : : : : : : 1 : : : | : : : in 8 > a S w ij W 2 .2 < ■^ 3 '3 • 0 3 '^ M : ° 3 '^'^ ^ ^ 1 :8 1 :s ^ :^ 10 • VO vO 00 0 ■ 0 0 00 ■* 00 10 & -%% 0 a :8 0 -00 CO ; 0 ^ H % i| ^ VO ro d 15 3 3 3 3 ro . 10 >o • ^ 3 M 0 3 w a 1 >- ■< S5 5 <^S CO • • VO • °^ : : VO . . : iC^ VO 10 °8 S. : VO t^ • 0 • 0 t^ • IT) 0 1 33 ^ 00 1- M • '• ■:r: VO • • ■ VO >0 JC 8 : VO 00 • 1 is 1 m c § 33 ^5- 00-0 00 • • ■ 00 • VO • ^ : : VO • • >0 0 VO 10 0 0 • •. ^ ^ > >" < 33 3 ^"^ VO ■ -^ rO 0 10 « :* ^ 00 10 10 t^vo ro r^ Ov r^ VO ^ 00 1 si 8 IS 00 • 10 V& :^ VO ^00 € is % 8^ lO OvvO & £S F 8 SS s ■« ^ :^ ^ ^% s is 10 VOVO 1 II •^ 6 33 ^ • > s < 33 3 V- 1 [^ 2 % : 00 VO • % : : VO • • •00 00 0 • 1 ^: 1 1 33 3 |i 0 ■ 0 0 -oo 0 00 • CO VO • ^ j i •00 eg 8 : 1 ^: 1 S *3 3 2' • 0 • 0 0, '^ 0 00 ■ 00 VO ■ 00 • ■ Tt . ■ vO • • • 00 CO 0 • s *: 1 6 Z 3^ 3- M . M M M . '"' ! ! ; ; " H IH M M ■ " Yearly Salary of Supt. 3 : V- : 8 : M3 • : 8 : : 8 : : 8 : : S ; No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers CO • • M- ■ • H • ■ 0 • • 0 • • Ov • ■ ^ : ; 0) Popula- tion Census of 1900 ^ : : t^ ■ ■ 0 • • ro ■ ■ 00_ ■ ■ Ov ■ • g : : ^ • • vq '■ '■ Ov • ■ 3 s Q 1 0 Q 1 C c < u^ ^ H O > g < lO to 00 ON 3 3 ^3 "S 00 o H ^f^ H gt^ H gt^ H ^f^ H gt^ h ^(^ H gc^ H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 115 to < u Q Z 5 1 1 1 > < s 1 0 Q |l ; •ON : 8 s u S 2 u e2 1 <: 000 ^ 33 sH 1 a 'q'o' d \r) I^ ■^ 33 ^ 1 b ^ > > < i ' g ^5 V) X i2 < ; ; :! ; s : d .1 i >< >■ 1 • • '■ '■ d z Yearly Salary of Supt. : 8 : H • No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers H . . CO Popula- tion Census of 1900 : : ? : : 00 I ) 1 iM 6 H Ii6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS In order to secure information in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools, schedules of inquiry were sent to the state superintendents of schools, and each superintendent was asked to secure for the committee data from twenty-four ungraded rural schools in his juris- diction, eight to represent the lowest, eight the medium, and eight the highest yearly salaries paid to teachers of rural schools In connection with these reports, attention should be called to the fact that all salaries (with a very few exceptions) are given by the year, the num- ber of weeks of school being stated, however, in each case. This form of statement is beheved to be entirely fair. It makes a com- parison,, to be sure, of the yearly salaries of teachers regardless of the weeks of work the teacher may do, although it is not to be supposed that the teacher can expect the same yearly compensation regardless of whether the school year is 20 weeks or 40 weeks. But the teacher, it must not be forgotten, teaches to secure a living for twelve months. If the sum paid for the work of teaching is not sufficient for a year's support, and especially if the vaca- tion is long, the teacher must seek other means of gaining a hvelihood. Such employment is sure to be at the expense of the school work. It inevit- ably divides the interest of the teacher in the work of the school, or the teacher is called away from the work entirely, and a new teacher with each new year or oftener is the result. The school authorities can unquestionably hire teachers for country schools for $25 to $30 a month, or even less, and pay by the month for only the lowest number of months desired, but such a pohcy is a sacrifice, not of the interests of the teachers primarily, but of that of the pupils. Expe- rience in a teacher adds as greatly to the value of the services rendered as in any skilled occupation, for in spite of some salary statistics here shown which might be looked upon as evidence to the contrary, teaching must be regarded as a skilled occupation. If the teacher with his experience is to be retained in the profession he must receive a sufficient remuneration for the necessary expenses of Hving, not for six or seven months, but for the entire year. In response to these inquiries of the committee data fromi original sources relating to salaries in ungraded rural schools were received from 23 states, as follows: New England. — Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut. Southern North Atlantic. — New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania. South Atlantic. — Georgia. South Central. — Texas. North Central. — Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas. Western. — Colorado, Utah, Washington, Oregon, CaHfornia. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 117 In addition to this, other material bearing more or less directly upon the subject of salaries in ungraded rural schools was received from the states already named and from a number of others. Most of this material was in the form of reports of state superintendents. Such data have made it possible to present also some form of statement for the following-named states : Vermont, Maryland, Virginia, South Carolina, Ohio, Wisconsin, Indian Territory. All of these data, relating to salaries in ungraded rural schools, including those taken from reports as well as those from original inquiry, are presented in the geographical order of states in the following pages. MAINE Reports in regard to salaries of teachers in ungraded rural schools in Maine were received from 16 towns. A majority of the reports represent more than one teacher, as is indicated by the table. This, of course, adds value to the figures, although the inquiry only called for salaries in individual schools. The lowest yearly salary reported for any school was $118, paid a woman teacher for a school year of 18 weeks in the town of Orneville. In the town of Peru, however, a lower weekly rate was paid, the salary of $138 for a year of 28 weeks being at the rate of $4.93 a week. The highest yearly salary reported for a woman teacher in any school was $268 for a year of 30 weeks in Southport. Apparently very few men teachers are employed. In Pittston a salary of $144 was reported for men teachers for a year of 24 weeks and in Southport $310 for 30 weeks. In Camden $638 was reported for 34 weeks, but it may be that a graded town school was inadvertently reported in this case instead of an ungraded rural school. The salaries which are regarded as "medium" in various parts of the state range from $175 to $210 a year for about 30 weeks of school, or from $24 to $28 a month. , The data in regard to salaries in ungraded rural schools in Maine are presented in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN MAINE Pop- ula- tion Weeks of School Women Teachers Men Teachers Town Num- ber Yearly salary Num- ber Yearly salary Orneville 325 282 1,177 420 300 808 874 1,130 1,104 180 1063 1,766 838 2,825 527 18 27 28 24 21 23 29 ^0 28 36 30 30 30 32 34 30 3 7 4 3 7 10 2 2 '} $118 138 138 144 147 150 172 175 185 198 205 210 214 256 260 268 0 $ 27 P ru Pittston (6) 144 Morrill Lowell Hodgdon. . . Grand Isle(c) 225 Arrowsic Island FaUs Boothbay 290 Milford 638 310 Southport a Per month for one term. b Salary given is average of 12 schools; number of teachers of each sex not reported. c Salaries given are averages for 8 schools; number of teachers of each sex not reported. ii8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION VERMONT The only facts available in regard to salaries of teachers in Vermont schools are found in the biennial report of the state superintendent of education. The following facts are gleaned from the advance sheets of the latest report, copies of which were kindly furnished by the superintendent. The statistics in all cases appear to be for all schools, city as well as rural. AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGES OF TEACHERS, igoi TO 1904 Average wages per week, including board, male teachers Average wages per week, including board, female teachers . . . $8.40 6.57 $9-45 6.79 $11.79 7.42 $11.84 7-5 The total number of male teachers employed was 329 in 1903 and 324 in 1904. The total number of female teachers employed was 2,727 in 1903 and 2,985 in 1904. The report shows a total of 2,550 schools in 1904. Of this number in had 6 pupils or less during the last term of the school year 1904, and 885 had 6 and not more than 15 pupils. In regard to tenure the report shows that 1,040, or not quite one-third of the total number of teachers, had been rei"ained more than one year in the same school in 1904, that 645 had been retained three terms in the same school, 923 were retained 2 terms only ' in the same school, and that 1,513 we^e retained i term only, MASSACHUSETTS Reports in regard to salaries of teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in Massa- chusetts were received from 21 towns. Most of the reports represent only one teacher. Salaries for male teachers were reported from only two towns. The lowest yearly salary reported was $206 for a woman teacher for 32 weeks of school in the town of Heath. The highest yearly salary reported was for Mt. Washington, where $400 was paid both men and women for a year of 40 weeks. Salaries reported as medium in various parts of the state range from $272 to $288, the length of the school year varying from 32 to 36 weeks. By the month the medium salary would be from $32 to $34. The following table shows the typical salaries in the 21 towns reporting: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN MASSACHUSETTS Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Heath Monterey Peru New Marlboro, Rehoboth Chester&eld.... Ashfield Otis Windsor Savoy Washington. . . $248 $206 224 224 230 236 248 02SS 256 256 272 272 Berkeley Tolland Enfteld Granville Wales Sheffield East Longmeadow Monroe Holland Mt. Washington.. . $400 $280 280 288 300 C320 352 360 400 a Average for 2 teachers, c Average for 4 teachers: b Average for 7 teachers, also 5 teachers of village schools, $380. CONNECTICUT Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in Connecticut were received from 24 towns, the full number called for. The employment of men is indicated by the reports in only 4 towns. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 119 The lowest yearly salary reported was $180 for a woman teacher for 36 weeks of school in the town of Union, or at the rate of $20 a month. That this extremely low salary is to some extent representative is indicated by the report of the state board of education for 1903, where it is stated that "the wages of 79 teachers (8 men and 71 women) were $20 or less per month, and of 199 teachers (12 men and 187 women) from $20 to $25 per month." The highest yearly salary reported was for the town of Scotland, $972 for 36 weeks. The next highest for women teachers was $450 for 40 weeks in Greenwich. Medium salaries ranged from $285 to %t,2,2> foi" a year varying from 36 to 40 weeks, a monthly rate of from $30 to %2)2)- The table following gives the salaries in the typical schools in the 24 towns reporting: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN CONNECTICUT Town Weeks Yearly Salary of School Men Women 36 $180 36 234 36 252 36 252 36 252 38 266 37 a$352 6267 38 285 36 288 36 288 36 288 38 304 Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Union Hartland Bethlehem Ashford East Granby. Salisbury New Milford. Plainfield Plymouth. . . . Somers Griswold East Hartford Ridgefield . . . Prospect Suffield Pomfret Branford Killingly Bristol Burlington.. Torrington. . GreenAich. . Beacon Falls Scotland 40 $320 40 40 36 360 38 38 40 40 40 40 39 468 36 $32^ 320 380 380 400 400 400 450 972 a Average for 2 teachers. Average for 12 teachers. The report of the board of education of Connecticut for 1903 gives the average monthly salaries of the 4,316 teachers (in city and country) in the state as $99.29 for men teachers and $44.51 for women. The men constituted but 8.1 per cent, of ihe whole number. The board adds that the above monthly salaries "do not represent the actual conditions, because a few large salaiies increase the average." Certain figures are given which are indicative of salaries in country schools. Of the total number, 1,906, or 44 per cent., received a yearly salary of not more than $350. This number included 450 who received not more than $250, 435 who received more than $250 but not more than $300, and 1,021 who received more than $300 but not more than $350. The wages of 79 teachers (8 men and 71 women) were $20 or less per month, and of 199 teachers (12 men and 187 women) from $20 to $25 per month. In comparison with former years the above report of the board of education of Connecticut showed that the average monthly salary of women teachers in the state had increased from $39.31 in 1890 to $44.51 in 1903 or 13 per cent. Nearly all of this increase was between 1893 and 1901. The average monthly salary of men teachers increased from $74.47 in 1890 to $99.29 in 1903 or 33 per cent. The gain was fairly steady throughout the period. With regard to the period during which the women teachers remain in the profession, this report states that "there is good reason for believing that the average duration of the service of women in elementary schools does not exceed five or six years. In the year under review [1903] there were in the public schools about 1,700 [39 per cent.] who had taught five years or more. The average teaching experience of graduates of the normal school is five or six years." I20 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION NEW YORK Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in New York were received from 23 towns. Salaries of men teachers were reported from 10 towns, of women teachers from 13 towns. The lowest yearly salary reported was $160 for women teachers for 32 weeks of school in the towns of Bangor and Ley den. The highest yearly salary reported for women teachers was $600, paid for a year of 40 weeks in Oyster Bay and Mt. Pleasant. In Southold a salary of $700 was reported for a male teacher. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $360 to $456 for a school year varying from 36 to 40 weeks, a monthly rate of from $40 to $50. The salaries in the 23 typical schools from which reports were received are given in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN NEV\^ YORK Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Bangor Leyden Lewis Camden. . . . Ellisburg Haraden. . . . Oswegatchie Lumberland Conklin Geddes Victor Lenox 32 32 32 32 32 32 $186 32 187 32 192 36 40 36 30 372 $160 160 176 183 184 360 360 370 Campbell Ripley Carlton Hamburg Esopus Tuxedo Oyster Bay. . Ramapo Mt. Pleasant Hanford Southold . . . . $396 450 456 600 600 700 $444 525 575 600 600 According to the report of the superintendent of public instruction for 1903, the whole number of teachers employed in the common schools of New York in 1903 was 39,825, of which 22,637 were in the city schools and 17,188 in the smaller school districts outside the cities. Of the total number, 4,909, or 12.3 per cent., were men. In the cities the number of men was 1,937, o^ ^-^ P^^ cent, of the whole number of teachers there employed, while in the smaller school districts the number of men teachers was 2,972, or 17.3 per cent. The average length of the school year was 39 weeks in the cities, 34.2 weeks in the districts outside the cities, and 35.4 weeks for the whole state. The following table shows the average weekly and yearly salaries of teachers in city and district schools in the state for the years 1893 to 1903: AVERAGE WEEKLY AND YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN CITY AND DISTRICT SCHOOLS IN NEW YORK, 1893 TO 1903 Year Average Weekly Salaries Cities Districts State Average Yearly Salaries Cities Districts Stat 1893. i894- 1805. 1896. 1897. 1898, 1899. 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903 $18.67 18.06 19.61 18.59 18.75 19.36 19.88 22 .66 25.04 25.19 25-44 $8 $12.74 12.72 13-74 13-52 14.23 14.68 15-27 17.28 18.72 19.22 19.65 $72J 707. 73J 725- 720. 743- 77] 879- 976. 982. 992. 36 $303 77 306 35 310 19 309 09 315 47 314 54 318 27 322 54 329 25 337 08 345 $467.58 465.44 483-68 487-37 495 • 43 516.75 540 ■ 50 604.78 662 . 64 680.33 695.76 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 121 It will be seen from the foregoing table that the average yearly salaries of city teachers in 1903 were $992.08. The increase over 1893 amounted to $263.36, or 36.2 per cent. All this increase seems to have been made since 1897, practically no increase being made during the five years from 1893 to 1897. The increase in the average yearly salaries of teachers in the district schools has been steady, but much smaller than in the case of city teachers, amounting to only $41 . 69, or 13.7 per cent, in the eleven years. These figures for teachers in district schools cover, it should be borne in mind, not only teachers in ungraded country schools, but also all in villages and large towns. It will be noticed, however, that the average as given here for district schools in 1903, namely $345.26, is slightly below the salaries reported as "medium" in response to the inquiries of the committee. NEW JERSEY Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in New Jersey were received from 21 towns. Salaries of men teachers were reported from 6 towns only. The lowest yearly salary reported was $225, for a woman teacher for a school year of 36 weeks in Sandystone. The highest yearly salary reported for a woman teacher was $500 for a year of 40 weeks in Neshanic. As high as $650 was paid for a man teacher in Almonesson. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $350 to $405, the school year being of 40 weeks, except in one case. The monthly rate in these schools would thus be from $35 to $45. ■ The salaries in the 21 typical towns from which reports were received are shown in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN NEW JERSEY Town or Township Weeks Yearly Salary of School Men Women 36 $225 36 270 36 270 36 270 3f3 288 38 300 36 515 40 3SO 40 350 40 400 40 400 Town or Township Weeks of School Y'early Salary Men Women Sandystone Victoria Weston Mills Avalon Unionville Holland Township Manalapan Township... Warren ville Lafayette Iselin Reaville New Hanover Erma Atlantic Township Wantage Rio Grande Neshanic New Germantown. Piscatawaytown. . . Shrewsbury Almonesson 40 a$4oo 36 405 40 40 36 40 40 550 40 600 40 650 40 650 b$400 450 450 450 500 a Two teachers. b Four teachers. PENNSYLVANIA Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in Pennsylvania were received from 22 townships. In. several townships the salaries reported were for more than one teacher, as is noted in connection with the table. The lowest yearly salary reported was $140 for both men and women teachers in Thompson township for 28 weeks of school. The highest yearly salary reported for women was $450 paid in Bensalem and Nether Providence, while $630 was paid a man teacher in Nether Providence. Salaries reported as medium ranged from $228 to $287 for a school year of 28 weeks, equivalent to a monthly rate of $33 to $41. 122 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION By the law in effect June i, 1904, the pay of teachers must not be less than $35 a month, and as the minimum year had been previously fixed at 7 months, the minimum yearly salary becomes $245. Schools failing to comply with the law forfeit their share in the state appropriation for the benefit of schools. The salaries in the 22 townships reporting for this investigation are shown in the f olloAving table : YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN PENNSYLVANIA Township Weeks of Yearly Salary School Men Women 28 $140 $140 28 140 146 28 175 17s 28 189 189 28 (a) 189 28 196 196 28 196 196 32 196 32 200 200 28 326 228 28 236 236 Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Thompson Lehman. . . Waterford. Ayr Saltlick. . . Tronesta . . Jefferson. . Shohola . . . Dingman. . Wells Tinicum . . Oley Greene Curwdn Nicholson (&) Howe Buckingham ( c) . . , South Union (rf) . . . Ashton Birmingham Bensalem {g) Nether Providence 28 $245 24s 280 287 360 360 384 450 630 $245 245 280 287 320 360 384 6360 /40s 450 ^450 a Ten teachers,$i89 to $224. b Nine teachers. c Twelve teachers. d Twenty-two teachers. e Eight teachers. / Four teachers. g Ten teachers. h Six teachers. MARYLAND No original data in regard to salaries paid teachers in ungraded rural schools in Maryland were secured. In the latest report of the state board of education, however, are given the average yearly salaries by counties of all teachers, both city and country. These statistics, although not giving an accurate measure of salaries in rural schools alone, may be of interest in this connection, and are therefore given here. The number of teachers in Maryland (outside of Baltimore) in 1903 was 3,428, of which 2,601 were women and 827, or 24 per cent., were men. The schools were open an average of 8 . 78 months. The average yearly salary (outside of Baltimore) was $292 . 93. The lowest average salary reported for a county was $170. 78, for Garrett county, employ- ing 147 teachers and having 6 months of school. The highest average salary for a county was $447.82, for Baltimore county (not including Baltimore city), employing 402 teachers and having 10 months of school. The next highest was $408.06, for Carroll county, employing 185 teachers and having 8 months of school. VIRGINIA No original data relating to rural schools in Virginia were secured as the result of this investigation, but some information of interest has been drawn from the report of the state superintendent of public instruction. The following table, compiled from the biennial report of the superintendent of public instruction for the school years 1 901-190 2 and 1902-1903, gives the number of teachers employed, the average months of school, and the average monthly and yearly salaries of men and women teachers for a series of years. The annual salaries are computed from the monthly salaries of the men and women teachers and the average months of school. As a matter of fact, it is probable that the length of the school year does not average the same for men and women teachers, but as separate figures are not available it is necessary to use the average for all schools in both cases. \ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 123 The figures here presented, it should be borne in mind, include the cities as well ds the country school districts. According to the report of the superintendent of pubhc instruction of Virginia for the school years 1899-igoo and 1900-1901, "the average salary of the rural male teacher hardly exceeds $25 per month, and that of the rural female teacher will probably not exceed $22. When one reflects that the term of the country school in -Virginia rarely extends beyond five or six months (the average for both city and country in 1903 was only 6. 11 months), one must be amazed that so many excellent teachers can be found in our rural schools." NUMBER OF TEACHERS EMPLOYED, MONTHS OF SCHOOL, AND AVERAGE MONTHLY AND YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS, 187 1 TO 1903 Teachers Employed Average Months of School Av'ge Monthly Av'ge Yearly Year White Colored Total \\hite and Co ored Salaries Salaries Men Women Men Women Men Women Men . . omen 1871 1876 1881 1886 1891 1892 1893 1894 fe::::, 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1,616 2,495 2,610 2,426 2,097 2,106 2,064 2,132 2,141 2,118 2,152 2,108 2,058 1.974 1,900 1,798 T,67i 905 1,489 1,855 2,625 3,613 3,646 3,804 3,981 4,070 4,202 4,296 4447 4,613 4,787 4,900 5,113 5,200 325 418 598 979 928 911 897 896 898 885 861 845 842 801 763 706 218 329 755 1,080 1,130 1,167 1,204 1,183 1,212 1,266 1,326 1,314 1,551 1,398 1,434 1,467 3,014 4,620 5,392 6,785 7,718 7,793 7,932 8,213 8,292 8,417 8,575 8,728 8,836 8,954 9,008 9,108 9,044 4.66 5-63 5-87 5-92 5.80 590 6.00 6.00 5-95 5.95 6.01 6.00 5-97 6.00 6.01 6.05 6. II $32 . 36 34.95 29.18 30.77 31-40 3T-93 33-06 33.13 32.82 40.93 31.98 31.13 32.09 32-47 32.66 32.62 34.56 $26.33 30.37 24.92 26.54 26.66 26.86 27.49 27.14 26.95 26.67 26.91 26.40 26.39 26.18 26.46 26.67 27.20 $150.80 196.77 171.29 182.16 182.12 188.39 198.36 198.78 195-28 243-53 192.20 186.78 191.58 194-82 196.29 197-35 211. 16 $122.70 171.28 146.28 157. T2 154.63 158.47 164.94 162.84 160.35 158.69 161.73 158.40 157.5s 157.08 159.02 161.35 166.19 It will be seen that in 1903 the total number of teachers, white and colored, was 9,044, of which 2,377, or 26 per cent., were men. The average length of the school year, including city and country schools, was 6 . 1 1 months. The average monthly salary of the men teachers was $34.56, and of women teachers $27.20, equivalent, on a basis of the above average school year, to a yearly salary of $211.16 and $166. 19 for men and women, respectively. Commenting on these figures, the report of the superintendent says in part, The salaries of teachers in the public schools have remained practically stationary for the last thirty-two years; and that in spite of the fact that the cost of living has greatly increased and that far more preparation is required for the teacher of today than was required three decades ago, the trained teachers in our public schools to-day are getting hardly any more compensation than that given to the raw recruits at the inauguration of the system. Nor has there been any notable lengthening of the school term, for an exami- nation of the statistics will show that, while the aveiage school term for the first ten years of the public-school system was 5 . 45 months, the average school term for the last ten years was only 6.02, an increase of only about one-half of a month. In the period covered the teachers and schools have increased more than three-fold. We are spending four times as much money for public schools and employing three times as many teachers as at the beginning of the system; and yet the school term and the average salary of the teacher remain practically where they were thirty years ago. There is a still more significent tendency revealed by these figures. In 1871 the male white teachers in the public schools constituted a majority of all the teachers, white and colored, in the system, and for the next ten years they continued to maintain this proportion; but since 1881, with some slight fluctuations, the white male teachers have been gradually decreasing in number till there were in the pubhc school of Virginia only 1,671 white male teachers in T903, as against 1,616 in 1871. In the same period the white female teachers have increased from 905 to 5,200, or more than five-fold. While there are about twice as many colored male teachers now in the schools as at the beginning of the system, they have been gradually declining in numbers since 1886, when they numbered 1,023 The reason for this is not far to seek. The short school term and the paltry salaries 124 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION paid to the teachers of the public schools will not enable men to establish homes and raise families, and as long as this is the case it is useless to talk about making teaching a profession. While we cheerfully recognize the superiority of the women as teachers for the primary and grammar grades, the presence of the strong mascuhne intellect and power to govern the larger boys and train them in manly ways is indispensable to the proper development of any system of education. Any conditions that tend to exclude either well-equipped men or women from teaching in the public schools can not fail to prove disastrous to the best interests of the Commonwealth. A special investigation made by the superintendent of pubHc instruction in 1901 showed that of the 6,056 white schools in the country districts, 2,658 had an average attendance of less than 20 pupils, and 146 of less than 10. Of the 2,032 colored country schools, 498 had an average of less than 20, and 18 of less than 10. Commenting on these figures, the superintendent says in part, This policy (the multiphcation of small schools) has not only hurt the schools, but it has inflicted serious injury on the country districts by driving to the cities and large towns persons who wish larger and better educational opportunities for their children. In this way the country districts have lost many of their most valuable and enterprising citizens. Persons of means and influence who would otherwise prefer to remain in the country go to the cities because there they can get better educational advantages for their children. SOUTH CAROLINA No figures are available showing the salaries of teachers in individual ungraded rural schools in South Carolina. The report of the state superintendent of education for 1903, however, gives the average salaries of white and of negro teachers for each county in the state and for the state as a whole. In these averages, unfortunately, the salaries of city and town teachers are combined, so that an accurate idea cannot be obtained of the salary paid to the rural teacher. In spite of this, it has been thought best to give here the salaries paid in typical counties, that being the best information obtainable. The following table presents this information, showing for white and negro schools the number of teachers, the average weeks of school, and the average yearly salary in four counties in which average salaries are lowest, in four in which they are highest, and in four where they appear to be at about a medium. AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES OF WHITE AND NEGRO TEACHERS IN COUNTIES IN SOUTH CAROLINA PAYING THE LOWEST, A MEDIUM, AND THE HIGHEST AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES TO TEACHERS IN 1903 White Schools Negro Schools Counties Number of Teachers Average Weeks of School Average Yearly Salary Number of Teachers Average Weeks of School Average Yearly Salary Counties paying miminum average salary: no 61 116 89 77 113 66 87 13s 155 78 140 16 20 24 ID 25 26 21 22 26 25 31 23, $107 112 124 141 204 208 211 216 256 346 364 79 103 42 84 . 40 69 127 71 60 52 10 13 10 ID 16 19 13 12 14 18 19 27 $ S6 Lee 56 39 39 95 78 Colleton Edgefield Counties paying medium average salary: Union York Marlboro 85 Barnwell 84 Counties paying maximum average salary : Orangeburg 86 Richland 159 Charleston 201 The state 3>492 22.3 $203 2,455 14.6 $ 83 It will be seen from this table that the average yearly salary for 3,492 white teachers was $203, and that the average length of the school year was 22.3 weeks. The lowest average for any county for white teachers was for the no teachers in Williamsburg county, I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 125 the average being only $107 for the school year of 16 weeks; in Lee county $112 was reported as the average for 61 teachers for a school year of 20 weeks, and in Colleton county $124 was the average for 116 teachers for 24 weeks. The highest average for any county for white teachers was $511 for a school year of :^^ weeks, paid 140 teachers in Charleston county. The next highest was $364 for 31 weeks, paid 78 teachers in Richland county. The comparatively high averages in the case of both of these counties is explained by the fact that one included Charleston and the other Columbia, cities of 56,000 and 23,000, respectively. For negro schools, 2,455 teachers in the state received an average yearly salary of $83 for a school year of 14.6 weeks. The lowest average salary for any county for negro teachers was $39, for a school year of 10 weeks, paid in Colleton and Edgefield counties to 185 teachers. In Williamsburg county an average of $56 was paid 79 teachers for a year of 10 weeks, and in Lee county the same average amount was paid 36 teachers for a year of 13 weeks. The highest average for any county foi negro teachers was $201, paid 52 teachers 'in Charleston county for a 27-week year and $159 paid 60 teachers in Richland county for a 19-week year. In Anderson county $134 was paid 71 teachers for an 18-week year, and in Orangeburg $86 was paid 127 teachers for a 14-week year. GEORGIA Georgia is the only southern state from which any original data in regard to salaries paid teachers in rural schools were secured for this investigation. Reports were received from 7 counties or towns. The county superintendent of Oxford county says in regard to salaries of teachers in that county. In all of our ungraded schools, teachers, men and women, are paid on grade $40, $27, and $20 per month for white teachers according as to whether they hold first, second, or third grade hcense; colored teachers, $20, $15, and $10 per month. Where schools are graded and employ three teachers, principals receive $50 per month on an average of 70 pupils and $60 on an average of 100 pupils with four teachers. Pay is diminished if average in any school is below 25, and an assistant is employed by the board when schools average 45 pupils. Of the above school in Warthen, Washington county, the county superintendent says. The public term consists of five months, and during this term the county board pays out of funds derived from state appropriation a salary of $55 per month for the principal and $50 per month for the assistant. For the remainder of the eight months term, and supplementary during the public term of five months, the local patrons subscribe. In this county, we have no local taxation provided by statute. The patrons agree with teachers what salaries are to be paid. The county board decides what amount can be appropriated from the public fund for this school. In making apportionments to all schools the county board bases its appropriations on what it deems to be the merit of the teachers, their experience, ability to organize and impress commu- nity life, scholarship, the responsiveness of the community or local school district — in short everything affecting the probable usefulness of the teacher and efficiency of the school, just as a person might be employed by a private individual. Under such a plan, the teachers of the county are divided into about six classes, the highest receiving salaries, from the public fund, among white teachers, of $55 per month, and the lowest $30 per month, the intermediate classes ranging about $5 apart. Grade of hcense does not always affect salary. We rarely ever pay a teacher more than he has been able to secure by contract with local patrons. In almost every school community in the county, white teachers have secured contracts for schools, supplementary to the pubhc term, of from two to three months, paid by local personal subscriptions, entrance fees, or a per diem charge per pupil fixed by local patrons. The above facts, very briefly stated, apply to all the schools of the county practically. The lowest salary reported was $90 for both men and women teachers in the Burns school in Twiggs county. The school year was 24 weeks. 126 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The highest yearly salary reported for a woman teacher was $400 for 32 weeks of school in Warthen. In the same place $560 was paid for a male principal. Salaries reported as medium were $192 and $200 for 24 and 20 weeks, or at the rate of $32 and $40 a month. The salaries of all the schools from which reports were received in Georgia are shown in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN GEORGIA Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Men Women Burns school, Twiggs Co. . Havston, Newton Co Starrsville, Oxford Co Stokes, Twiggs Co 24 20 20 24 $90 192 $90 135 0150 Hopewell, Oxford Co.... Fitzpatrick, Twiggs Co. . . Warthen, Washington Co. 20 24 32 $200 270 &560 $270 400 a Also one principal at $200. b Principal. TEXAS For Texas reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools were received for 7 schools. Unfortunately 6 of these schools are in a single county and the seventh school although in another county is in the same part of the state — the northwestern. The lowest yearly salary reported was for a woman teacher in Grayson county, where $240 was paid for 24 weeks of school. The salary of $315, paid for 36 weeks in another school in Grayson county, represents the lowest monthly rate, namely $35. The highest yearly salary for a woman teacher was $400, paid in Woodlawn for 32 weeks of school. For men as high as $525 was reported for a school year of 28 weeks in Tioga. The salaries reported for the 7 typical ungraded rural schools in Texas are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN TEXAS Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Men Women Men Women 24 24 24 36 $240 300 300 315 28 32 28 $455 480 525 Luella, Grayson Co Grayson Co Woodlawn, Harrison Co.. Tioga, Grayson Co $400 Grayson Co Statistics relating to salaries of teachers in ungraded rural schools in Texas are found in the report of the superintendent of public instruction for 1901-1902. According to this report, the total number of schools in the state was 12,750, and of these 12,184 were rural. Of the rural schools, 89 per cent, were ungraded schools. The yearly salaries of the white and colored teachers in the rural schools, as shown by the foregoing report, are given in the following table: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 127 YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN RURAL SCHOOLS IN TEXAS, 1901 TO 1902 Number of Teachers School Term Days Yearly Salaries Male Teachers Female Teachers Total Teachers White ird 84-77 94.04 $273-02 236.00 $201.73 183.49 Colored 211.51 12,523 86.73 OHIO For Ohio no original data were received in regard to the salaries paid teachers in ungraded rural schools, but in the report of the state commissioner of common schools for the year ending August 31, 1903, the average salaries paid are given for each county of the state. In 10,964 elementary school houses in township districts requiring 11,741 teachers to supply the schools, 9,495 .teachers were employed the whole school year — 4,757 rnen and 4,738 women. The average number of weeks of school was 31 and the average monthly salary was $37 for men and $34 for women, equivalent to a salary for the school year of $286 and $264, respectively. In the following table similar facts as to salaries are shown for the four counties paying the lowest average salaries for the year, for the four paying the highest average, and for four paying a medium average salary: AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES IN TOWNSHIP ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN COUNTIES IN OHIO PAYING THE LOWEST, A MEDIUM, AND THE HIGHEST AVERAGE YEARLY SALARIES TO TEACHERS IN 1903 Teachers Necessary Average Weeks of School Men Women Counties Average Monthly Salary Average Yearly Salary Average Monthly Salary Average Yearly Salary Counties Paying Minimum Average Salaries: Gallia 149 115 lOI 140 201 141 118 136 173 112 113 62 23 27 26 24 30 32 30 31 31 32 36 38 $26 27 28 31 37 35 38 38 52 49 47 61 $150 183 182 186 278 280 285 295 403 392 423 580 $24 26 28 30 36 34 36 34 47 51 $138 176 Vinton 182 180 Counties Paying Medium Average Salaries: Logan 272 Columbiana . 272 Counties Paying Maximum Average Salaries: MontETomerv. 364 384 frebif"^..... ■.•...... ■.;:;: Butler Hamilton 48s The State 11,741 31 $37 $286 $34 $264 Of the elementary teachers in township districts, the lowest average yearly salary for any county was reported for Gallia county. The monthly salary averaged $26 for men and $24 for women, or for the 23 weeks during which the schools were open $150 and $138, respectively. These figures, it should be noticed, apply to the township elementary schools of a whole county (149 teachers), and not merely to those in receipt of low salaries. The highest average yearly salary was reported for Hamilton county, with $580 for men and $485 for women for the 38-week school year. Examples of counties paying a medium average yearly salary were Belmont, Logan, Putnam, and Columbiana, with the average salaries of men ranging from $278 to $295, and those of women from $270 to $272. The school year in these counties varied from an 128 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION average of 30 to 32 weeks. No information was obtainable in regard to the lowest and highest salaries actually paid in individual cases. INDIANA Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in Indiana were received from 19 localities. The lowest yearly salary reported was $144 for 16 weeks of school for a woman teacher in Derby, and for a man teacher in Bristow. The highest yearly salary reported for a woman was $440 in South Bend for 32 weeks of school. For a man as high as $650 was paid in Toleston for 36 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $315 to $350 for men, and from $314 to $336 for women, or by the month from $45 to $51 for men, and from $45 to $48 for women. The salaries reported from typical schools in 19 localities are shown in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN INDIANA Town or Township Weeks ol" School Yearly Salary Men Women Town or Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Derby Bristow Freetown Freetown Vevay Union New Palestine Needham Adams Greenfield a Three teachers 16 16 iqI 19I 24 24 25 28 28 26 $144 $144 178 180 ai8o 264 314 315 315 329 315 332 Pike Valley Mills Sand Creek. Dewey South Bend. Griffith Porter Co.. Porter Co. . Toleston. . . , $350 350 302 440 480 500 540 560 650 $315 315 336 432 440 - ILLINOIS Reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools in Illinois were received from 15 schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $120 paid a man teacher for 24 weeks of school m Golconda. The highest yearly salary reported for a woman was $405 for a year of 36 weeks in Seward, while $540 was paid for a man in Owaneco for only 32 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $180 to $240 for 24 and 32 weeks of school, a monthly rate of from $30 to %t,2>- The salaries reported from typical rural schools in Illinois are all shown in the follow- ing table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN ILLINOIS Town Weeks Yearly Salary of School Men Women 24 $120 24 $150 28 175 24 180 24 200 32 0200 32 225 32 6240 Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Golconda Olney Mt. Auburn Golconda Olney New Milf ord Oilman Roscoe a Only 5 pupVls. Olney Golconda. . . Cissna Park Edinburg . . . Seward East Lynn. . Owaneco. .. $270 440 540 $255 320 360 40s b Only 12 pupils. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 129 MICHIGAN For Michigan 18 reports were received in regard to salaries in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $175 paid a woman teacher for 28 weeks of school in Big Prairie township. The highest yearly salary reported was $500 for a woman, and $600 for a man for a school year of 40 weeks in Grosse Point Farms. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $270 to ^40^, for 32 to 36 weeks, a monthly rate of from $32 to $45. The salaries reported for typical rural schools in Michigan are given in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN MICHIGAN Township Weeks of Yearly Salary School Men Women 28 $175 32 195 32 0224 32 232 3b 245 36 270 36 270 32 $280 36 288 Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Big Prairie. Woodland. . Saginaw Co Burton Rutland.... Garfield.... Odd Menominee . Deerfieli... Gaines Caseville Eagle Medina Saginaw Co Romulus Chandler Nodeau Grosse Point Farms $290 315 6405 42 s 400 600 $297 300 6342 360 40s 500 a Average school, southern part of county. b Average school, northern part of county. WISCONSIN No original data in regard to salaries in rural schools in Wisconsin were secured for this report. The facts which follow are taken from the report on teachers' wages and cost of living, the results of an investigation conducted by a committee of the Wisconsin Starte Teachers' Association. The average monthly salaries paid to teachers in rural schools in Wisconsin for the eight years 1895 to 1903 are shown in the following table: AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN RURAL SCHOOLS, 1895 TO 1902 Year 1895 1896 1897 1898 Av'ge M'thly Salary Men $44.68 47.04 44-50 41.00 Women $29.78 31-02 30.38 29.50 Year 1899 1900 1 901 1902 Av'ge M'thly Salary Men $41.89 43-84 47-99 50.93 Women $29.78 31-79 32-67 33-19 These figures, according to the report of the committee, show an average monthly salary of about $47 for men and $31 for women teachers for the eight years. Supposing the schools to be in session for eight months, which is a high estimate for the country schools, the average income of the rural school teacher is about $376 for men and $248 for women. It will be readily seen that this remuneration is less than that of any other wage-earning class in the community. Even the most unskilled workman in the period of lowest wages earns one dollar or more per day for approximately three hundred days in the year. Young men of this state without special training, or more than the merest rudiments of an educa- tion, are earning $400 to $600 per year. The percentage of male teachers in the country schools has fallen from 27 per cent, to 17 per cent, of the whole. The few that still remain in the ranks do so because they I30 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION are making the occupation a stepping-stone to some other business. They see no promise in the work, and so do not strive for highest quahfication and success. The young women who engage in teaching seldom expect to remain in the service. They know there is Uttle hope of advancement and no possibility of making a good living. When the board bill is paid, amounting on the average to about $125, and the scant ward- robe for the year is provided at an expense of $75, there remains $48 with which to pay the expenses of board and room for the summer vacation, the expenses of the teachers' institute, the cost of the few books that must be purchased, the professional papers and magazines, and the various incidentals of living. The table shows an apparent increase (comparing 1902 with 1895) in the salaries of the men teachers of 14 per cent., and in the salaries of women teachers of 11 per cent. This apparent increase is misleading, since the larger average of wages is due mainly to the increase in the number of graded country schools in which the salary is somewhat greater than in the ungraded schools. It seems to be true, nevertheless, that wages have advanced a little in the country schools when measured in terms of dollars and cents. The cost of living, however, has greatly increased during the same period. This increase in the cost of living considerably overbalances the small increase in the wages of the country teachers, so that on the whole the wages of teachers have relatively declined. In the meantime the wages paid in all other occupations have advanced and the demand for labor of all classes has increased to such an extent that teachers of experience in large numbers have left the field for more remunerative employment. This drain upon the teaching force of the rural schools has been heaviest in the ranks of the older and more experienced teachers, leaving the young and inexperienced country boys and girls to take their places. This is only one of the many ways in which people lose by the failure to properly support their schools. Wages in the country schools of this state have fallen below the level at which the poorest teachers can be secured in sufficient numbers to fill the demand. This is clearly shown by the fact that many schools were not opened until late in the school year during the past season because the board could not find a teacher. County superintendents state that not enough teachers attend their examinations to supply the schools in the county. And yet with a few exceptions, these conditions have not operated to raise the wages of the rural teacher. The county superintendent in many cases finds pressure brought to bear on him to let in still poorer material, so that the very conditions that should operate to raise the standard of excellence tend rather to reduce it. There has been practically no increase in the teaching force of the rural schools since 1888, though the enrollment has gone up from 309,000 to 322,000 during that time. Over 50 per cent, of the pupils of the state are enrolled in the ungraded schools and fully 10 per cent, more in the two-department graded schools, which so far as the quality and quantity of the instruction is concerned are little, if any, better than the ordinary rural schools. An investigation of the conditions existing in the rural schools in three representative counties was made by the committee of the Wisconsin Association, and some of the results of this investigation are shown in the table following: AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARIES AND CONDITIONS IN RURAL SCHOOLS IN THREE REPRE- SENTATIVE COUNTIES IN WISCONSIN County Num- ber of Teach- ers Re- port- ing Aver- age Num- ber of Pupils Aver- age Daily Reci- tations Aver- age Salary per M'th Aver- age Cost of Board and Room per Week Average Yearly Expenses Incident TO Teaching Teach- ers Insti- tutes School Papers and Maga- zines Books on Teach- ing Trav- eUng Ex- penses Other Ex- penses Total Columbia Jackson. . Marinette $31.72 32.28 42.58 $1.84 2.18 2.96 $15.81 8.29 12.80 $2.52 2.67 2.64 $2.69 3.59 3.37 $4.54 6.90 17.29 $1.22 4.39 5.70 $26.76 25 .86 41.80 It was shown by the investigation that "the teachers in these rural schools are engaged generally for less than seven months service." The monthly salary, it will be seen by the above table, averaged $31.72, $32.28, and $42.58 in the three counties. Sixty-four per cent, of those reporting stated that they were dependent upon their own earnings the year round, and 60 per cent, that they were not able to save anything for self-improvement COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 131 or further education. Nearly one-seventh of the total income of the teacher, it appeared, is required for expenses strictly incident to teaching. MINNESOTA For Minnesota 17 reports were received in regard to salaries in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $200 paid a woman teacher for 20 weeks of school in Gordon. The highest yearly salary reported was $450, paid for 36 weeks of school in Woodbury and West Union, in the one school, the teacher being a woman, in the other a man. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $320 to $360, or from $40 to $45 a month, the school year being 32 and 36 weeks. The reports from typical rural schools in Minnesota are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN MINNESOTA Town or Township Weeks of Yearly Salary School Men Women 20 $200 32 240 28 245 32 280 32 320 32 320 32 320 32 320 32 $32C ) 320 Town or Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Gordon. . . Hartford. . Maytown.. Stillwater. . Staples District 55 Rapidan. . Decaria. . . Mankato.. Vernon Cambria New Scandia Leslie Gordon Reynolds Woodbury . . . West Union. , $360 400 $360 360 360 400 450 IOWA For Iowa 22 reports were received relating to salaries in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $132, paid a woman teacher for 24 weeks of school in Clay '.ownship. The highest yearly salary reported was $360, paid a woman for 36 weeks of school in Spirit Lake township. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $215 to $235 for 32 weeks of school, a monthly rate of $27 to $29. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Iowa are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN IOWA Town or Township Weeks of Yearly Salary School Men Women 24 $132 28 0143 30 &168 28 $180 180 29 ci8s 28 190 28 221 196 28 210 210 32 J215 32 e2i8 32 220 220 Town or Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Clay Marion Fremont Marengo Riverton Fremont Mt. Pleasant. Spirit Lake. . Tippecanoe . . Frankville Marengo Jackson Floyd Liberty Knox Burr Oak.., Spirit Lake. Jefferson. . . Troy Wayne Riverton Spirit Lake. $235 260 h285 300 $225 /23s 260 ^275 280 300 308 1340 360 a Lowest in county, average attendance 6. b Lowest in county. c Three schools the same; lowest in county. d Medium for county, average attendance 16.5. e Medium for county. / Medium for county, represents 90 per cent of the schools. g Highest m county. h High-st in county, average attendance 23. i Highest in county, only i such. 132 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION MISSOURI For Missouri 15 reports were received relating to the salaries of teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $100 paid a woman teacher for a school year of 20 weeks in Phelps county. The highest yearly salary reported was $900, for two schools in St. Louis county for 40 weeks of school. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $263 to $400, for 28 to 32 weeks, or at a rate of $38 to $50 a month. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Missouri are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN MISSOURI Town or Township Weeks Yearly Salary of School Men Women 20 $100 24 120 24 $210 168 24 240 28 263 32 290 28 320 32 360 [Town or Township Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Phelps Co.. St. James. . California. . Shelbyville. Centerview. EpwortK.. . Fayetteville . Carthage. . . Carthage. . . . Westport Greenwood. , Marshall Slater St. Louis Co. Normandy. . $400 600 630 $495 495 NORTH DAKOTA For North Dakota reports from 8 counties were received relating to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. In five of these cases the figures given were the averages for the rural schools of the entire county. The lowest yearly salary reported was $254, the average*for women teachers in Ramsey county for a school year of 26 weeks. The highest yearly salary reported was $450 for men and $405 for women, for a school year of 36 weeks in Valley county. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in North Dakota are shown in full in the following table : YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN NORTH DAKOTA Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Men Women Men Women 26 26 28 28 a$267 0297 304 0373 a$2 54 0274 274 0274 Traill Co. (b) 28 30 32 36 a$3i5 0376 360 450 a$3o6 ^313 360 405 Wells Co Stutsman Co Sherbrooke Valley Co Ransom Co a Average for county b E S< ghty-six t 3UTH eachers in county. DAKOTA For South Dakota 27 reports were received, giving the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $120 for both men and women teachers in Leola. The school year was only 16 weeks. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, -TENURE, AND PENSIONS 133 The highest yearly salary reported was $585 for men and $405 for women in the schools of Belle Fourche. The school year was 36 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $245 to $313 for a school year of from 24 to 38 weeks, a monthly rate of $35 to $45. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in South Dakota are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN SOUTH DAKOTA Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Leo'a Walworth Co. . Auroa Co Lyman Gann valley Woonsocket . . . Hutchinson Co. Perkins Brooks Desmet Aurora Co Perkins Beadle Co Hand Co $120 $120 164 164 175 180 180 210 180 210 210 210 210 210 210 240 215 245 245 245 256 247 284 "^57 Aurora Rugby Brooks Asbury School District... . Blaine Clay Co Canton DeGrey Walworth Co Hayti... Henry Village Belle Fourche Mitchell 32 $313 28 290 24 270 28 28 280 32 340 32 32 320 32 360 30 540 36 58s (a) ^34 $262 265 270 280 280 300 320 320 320 320 405 405 a Six to nine months. b Per month. NEBRASKA For Nebraska 18 reports were received giving the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $75 for a woman teacher for a school year of 12 weeks in Frontier county. The highest yearly salary reported was $495 for a woman teacher for 36 weeks of school in Blair. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $270 to $360, according to locality, for a school year varying from 32 to 36 weeks, or a monthly rate of $30 to $40. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Nebraska are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN NEBRASKA Weeks of School Yearly Salary Town Weeks of School Yearly Salary Town Men Women Men Women Frmtier Co 12 24 24 32 32 It 11 $ 75 150 180 200 240 270 270 280 280 Nelson 32 32 36 11 It 36 36 $4SO 465 $280 Aurora Blair 360 360 360 360 Nelson Nelson B:air Madison. . . . Fron ier Co Aurora M idison Blair KANSAS For Kansas reports were received giving the salaries paid teachers in 20 typical un- graded rural schools. These schools were located in three counties in different parts of the state. 134 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The lowest yearly salary reported was $150, paid a woman teacher for a school year of 20 weeks in Trego county. The highest yearly salary reported was $440 for a woman teacher for 32 weeks of school in Leavenworth county. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $245 to $320, according to locality, for a school year varying from 28 to 32 weeks, or a monthly rate of $35 to $45. The salaries reported from the 20 typical rural schools in Kansas are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN KANSAS Locality Weeks Yearly Salary 1 School Men Women 20 $150 20 175 24 210 24 240 28 245 28 280 28 $280 280 28 280 32 280 28 31S Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Trego Co Trego Co Trego Co Leavenworth Co Trego Co Junction City. . . Trego Co Leavenworth Co Leavenworth Co Trego Co Junction City Junction City. . . Trego Co Junction City . . . Leavenworth Co. Junction City . . . Junction City. . . Leavenworth Co. Leavenworth Co. Leavenworth Co $315 350 350 $320 320 326 360 360 400 440 INDIAN TERRITORY A statement in regard to schools in Indian Territory was received from the superin- tendent of schools of the Territory. According to this statement the Territory has no public schools except within the limits of incorporated towns. Statistics from three of these are shown elsewhere in this report. About four hundred Indian day schools scattered throughout the country are in session from eight to nine months each year, and the teachers receive salaries ranging . from $25 to $45 per month, according to the number of Indian pupils enrolled. White children residing in the rural communities are permitted to attend most of these Indian day schools upon the payment of $1 per month tuition. The tuition goes to the teacher. COLORADO For Colorado 19 reports were received giving the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. Several of the reports are for more than a single school in a locality. The lowest yearly salaries reported were $178 for a woman and $261 for a man for 22 weeks of school in Springfield. The highest yearly salaries reported were $520 paid a woman teacher for 36 weeks of school at Cripple Creek, and $680 paid a man for 32 weeks at Poyoso Springs. In Jeffer- son county $75 and $70 per month were reported for men and woman teachers, but the length of the school year was not stated. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $405 to $450 for women and from $400 to $460 for men. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Colorado are shown in full in the following table: I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 135 YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN COLORADO Locality Weeks Yearly Salary School Men Women 22 $261 $178 28 385 280 36 4SO 360 36 400 364 36 450 405 36 675 •1405 29 Z'413 34 C460 d4i5 32 512 424 36 450 450 Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Springfield Douglas Co ... . Cheyenne Wells Mesa Co Las Animas Co . Hugo Pitkin Co Weld Co Fremont Co. , . . Morgan Co..^.. Cheyenne Wells Poyoso Springs. Cripple Creek.. Akron Logan Co Jefferson Co. . . Jefferson Co.'. . Montrose Routt Co 36 32 36 (■/) $680 518 «34 ^40 650 ejS 656 646 $495 0480 520 632 ^37 ess eyo eS2 a Four teachers. h Nineteen teachers. c Ten teachers. d Sixty-one teachers. e Per month. / Seven months in rural schools; 9 months in graded. UTAH For Utah 14 reports were 'received giving the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools. The lowest yearly salary reported was $136 for a woman teacher for 20 weeks of school in Wayne county. The lowest reported for a male teacher was $225 for 20 weeks in Sigurd. The highest yearly salaries reported were from Moab, where $855 was paid to a man and $788 to a woman for a school year of 36 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $240 to $400 for women and from $360 to $455 for men, or by the month of school from $40 to $50 for women and from $50 to $65 for men. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Utah are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOi^S IN UTAH Locality Weeks Yearly Salary of School Men Women 20 $136 24 $330 180 20 225 24 297 24 360 240 24 360 28 420 350 Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Men Women Wayne Co . . . Leamington . Sigurd Wayne Co . . . Wasatch Co. Boulder Morgan City Vernal. . . . College. . . Juab Argyle Scofield . . . Butlerville Moab $455 400 $400 520 560 675 450 810 450 85s 788 WASHINGTON For Washington 14 reports in regard to the salaries paid in typical ungraded rural schools were received from 4 counties. The lowest yearly salaries reported were $175 for a man and $200 for a woman, paid for a school year of 20 weeks in Klickitat county. The highest yearly salaries reported were $675 for a man and $585 for a woman for 36 weeks in Snohomish county. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $200 (in one county) to $480 for men and from $200 to $440 for women, or by the month from $40 to $60 for men, and $40 to $55 for women. 136 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The range in ''medium" salaries here reported is very wide, but it is without doubt due to widely varying conditions in the several counties representing different parts of the state. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Washington are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN WASHINGTON ♦ Weeks of School Yearly Salary County Weeks of School Yearly Salary County Men Women Men Women Klic itat Co 20 20 20 2b 20 24 24 $175 225 200 270 300 $200 200 200 200 225 Chehalis Co . . 28 40 32 36 36 ^^ 36 480 540 630 630 675 $315 400 440 450 450 S8s Chehalis Co Klickitat Co King Co Snohomish Co Klickitat Co King Co Snohomish Co Chehalis Co 585 CALIFORNIA For California reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools were received from 5 counties, the figures showing lowest, highest, and medium salaries for each county. The lowest yearly salary reported was $360 paid a woman teacher in Fresno county for a school year of 32 weeks. For men the lowest salary reported was $400 in Mendo- cino county. The highest yearly salary reported was in Humboldt county, where $1,200 was paid to a man and $850 to a woman for a school year of 40 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $520 to 720 for men and from $480 to $675 for women, the school year in these cases varying from 32 to 36 weeks. The monthly rate in these schools was thus from $65 to $90 for men and from $60 to $75 for women. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in these 5 counties -of California are shown in full in the following table: YEARLY SALARIES OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN CALIFORNIA Weeks of School Yearly Salary County Weeks of School Yearly Salary County Men Women Men Women Fresno Co 32 36 30 32 32 32 32 34 32 $480 450 400 480 520 520 $360 360 400 400 440 480 510 520 Los Angeles Co Humboldt Co . . . 36 36 32 36 36 40 36 40 $ 720 600 67s 'Sio 900 1,200 $630 Los Angeles Co 675 Menlo ino Co Mendocino Co 620 Santa Clara Co Santa Clara Co Humboldt Co Los Angeles Co y CQ LosAngees Co San a Cla-a Co Fresn > Co. Humboldt Co 850 OREGON For Oregon 24 reports in regard to the salaries paid teachers in typical ungraded rural schools were received. The lowest yearly salary was $90, paid to a woman teacher in Elkhorn for a school COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 137 year of 12 weeks. The lowest yearly salary for male teachers was $200, reported for 20 weeks of school in^ Winston. The highest yearly salary for a woman was $400, paid for 32 weeks of school in Lee. For a man as high as $900 was paid in St. Paul, for 36 weeks. The salaries reported as medium ranged from $300 to $440 for from 24 to 32 weeks of school for men, and from $210 to $280 for from 24 to 28 weeks for women. The monthly rate in these schools would thus be from $50 to $60 for men, and from $35 to $50 for women. The salaries reported from the typical rural schools in Oregon are shown in full in the following table : YEARLY SALARY OF TEACHERS IN TYPICAL UNGRADED RURAL SCHOOLS IN OREGON Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Weeks of School Yearly Salary Locality Men Women Men Women Elkhom, . . 12 12 12 12 18 12 18 20 17 20 24 20 $90 95 105 lOS 113 120 150 150 191 210 Union Co 20 28 24 24 32 32 % 36 36 36 $300 360 363 440 540 585 67s 735 900 $250 280 Golden Salem Helix (near) Pilotrock Crook GarrliTier Wilderville Union Co Lee 400 WilUams Roseburg Sitkum . . Meacham Drews Valley Union Co Winston $200 20 c Grizzly Myrtle Point Silver Lake . . . Madras St. Paul FUNDS FOR PAYMENT OF TEACHERS' SALARIES Publicists, speaking of the common school,, reiterate the demand that its education shall be high class and that it shall be steady. This depends upon high-class teachers remaining for long periods in positions where the circumstances encourage high-class work. This calls for salaries sufficiently high to attract, retain, and encourage good teachers to do good work. In municipalities where such circumstances have been realized, the progress has been : first, the increase of the wages of certain teachers by special resolu- tion; second, the adoption of regular schedules of salaries for all teachers; third, the provision for a fixed regular increase of salary for merit and for additional length of service for the principal classes of teachers. • The point has now been reached where the attention of school authorities is directed to the necessity of protecting such schedules of salaries against relapse owing to other public demands, which may seem to those who, at the moment, may have the disposition of the community funds, to be of more pressing necessity than the payment of good remuneration to teachers. In most localities the funds for the payment of teachers' salaries are not distinct from the general educational appropriation, to be used for buildings, sites, coal, apparatus, and books. Ambitious schemes to erect fine buildings may result in poorer education, because there is .not money enough left to employ good teachers, or to enable good teachers to do proper work. 138 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Your committee's investigations show this phase of the problem of teachers' salaries in the cities of the country at large to be without general plan as to procedure or poUcy. From the replies received to the committee's inquiries the following methods of deahng with the appropriations for the payment of teachers' salaries were found to be in use in various parts of the country: 1. Teachers' salaries paid from a special appropriation for this purpose, which may not be used for any other purpose. New York, N. Y., Philadelphia, Pa., St. Louis, Mo., Baltimore, Md., Cleveland, Ohio, and San Francisco, Calif., are examples of cities where this plan is in operation. 2. Teachers' salaries paid from a general educational appropriation. New Orleans, La., Minneapolis, Minn., and Providence, R. I., are examples of cities where salaries are paid out of a general appropriation. The superintendent of schools in one Massa- chusetts city said, in regard to this matter: ''Some, or rather many, towns have a certain amount appropriated for teachers' salaries, certain amount for text -books, certain amount for transportation, etc. It is ever so much better to have a general appropriation for school purposes." But in Massachusetts it is stated that the "Massachusetts statute provides that 'the school committee shall contract with teachers.' The supreme court of the State has ruled that this gives the school committee absolute control and that the city council cannot limit the school committee in the item of expenditures for salaries, but can limit expenditures for all other items." ■3. Teachers' salaries paid from state and local tax or special levy. In a number of states the law requires that the money given by the State in aid of local education can be used only for teachers' salaries. Several states also apply a similar restriction to a county contribution and in some a specified local levy is also protected in like manner But such restrictions do not, as a rule, affect the salaries of teachers in city schools, as the amount from all of the sources mentioned would still be less than the amount expended for salaries. Thus, in New Jersey it is stated that "all of the state money, viz., $200 per teacher, must be spent for teachers' salaries or fuel." But it is evident that $200 will not pay the salary of any teacher in any city school in the State. In New York city it is required, by state law, that not less than a levy of a specified rate shall be used for teachers' salaries. This will be explained more in detail. THE TEACHERS' SALARY FUND IN NEW YORK CITY Inasmuch as the educational system of New York city has experienced several important changes in the administration of its payments of teachers' salaries, typical of the progress of the movement begun in other cities, a sketch of the evolution of its salary usage is submitted For many years prior to 1899, the amount of money to be devoted to the payment of the salaries of teachers of the schools of New York city was decided by the municipal board of estimate and apportionment, acting upon requests made for the annual city budget by the board of education. In 1887, the board of education claimed that the allowance granted by the board of estimate was $200,000 short of the actual necessities of the school system. An appeal was made to the legislature of the state. The legisla- ture passed a bill requiring the board of estimate to reopen the budget and allot the extra $200,000 desired. In securing this legislation, the board of education made prominent the argument that the maintenance of the schools is primarily the function of the entire state; that the commonwealth delegates COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 139 to municipalities the details of collecting money for the maintenance of edu- cation, and that if "remissness by any municipality be shown, it is the states' duty to interfere and to enforce the performance of the obligation. This claim was, as will be shown, more effectively pressed in later legislative action affecting the payment of New York teachers. From 1887 to 1899, the old method of determining the amount of the salary fund continued, but with increasing dissatisfaction as to the amount of allotment made by the board of estimate. The board of education was willing to make salary schedules with intent to keep pace with increased cost of living, but it was unable to put such schedules into operation because of its failure to secure sufficient funds from the financial officers of the city. In some cases new schedules were put into effect, but the periodic increase for length of service could not be paid. In 1898, a movement of teachers and principals received the support of Senator John F. Ahearn, who intro- duced at Albany the bill which bears his name and which provides that the board of estimate and apportionment must provide and the board of educa- tion must pay not less than certain specified sums to teachers of specified grades. When a teacher, judged by proper authorities to be fit and meritori- ous, reaches the end of a specified period of service, such a teacher must not be paid less than a specified sum per year in addition to the yearly salary re- quired. This law, the basis of the present New York city salary usage, makes the demand of the state upon the city for educational expenditure continuous. It also fixes the principle that the education furnished by the public schools must not be given by teachers who are below a specified grade of cheapness as to their salaries. Some matters of dispute between thfe board of education and the board of estimate arising as to the interpretation of the Ahearn law, various measures were brought up in the legislature to afford relief to teachers whose pay was in question. At this time Dr. William H. Maxwell, city superintendent of schools, proposed the now well-known four-mill provision. Dr. Maxwell's argument was that the amount of money to be expended each year for paying the teaching force should be determinable beforehand to a certainty in order that the organization of the schools, assignment of teachers, etc., could be done deliberately, with foresight and without waste. He cited the well- known usage of endowment, so general in the case of large universities and private schools, and argued that the advantages arising to these institutions from having a rehable income each year should be paralleled in the pubhc schools. He cited the University of Michigan as an example of the successful working of the plan of setting aside each year a specified per cent, of money raised by taxation, and proposed that the pay of the teachers of -New York be as steady and as assured as that of the salaries of professors occupying endowed chairs in universities. Mr. Henry R. M. Cook, auditor of the board of education, compiled tables showing that the allotment of a sum amounting to four mills on every dollar of valuation of the taxable property I40 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION of New York, as it was then assessed, would enable the board of education to pay, without waste, the salaries of teachers as fixed by the schedule of the Ahearn law. Such a measure was therefore introduced into the legislature, passed by it, and signed by Governor Roosevelt. This amendment to the Ahearn law went into effect May 3, 1901. Mayor Low's administration changed the usage of assessments so as to estimate taxable property at its full value. A proposition was then made to reduce the proportion of allotment for teachers' salaries from four mills to three mills. The board of education favored this reduction and the legislature fixed it by statute. This allotment is now found by the board of education inadequate to pay the salaries of all the teachers deemed by it necessary to instruct the school population. To pro- vide for instruction keeping pace with the growth of the city, various mem- bers of the board of education estimated an additional salary fund of from $600,000 to $900,000 a year necessary. The board of education of New York is, at the time of writing this report, considering various expedients, as the consolidation of schools, transportation of children, reduction of the school day, shortening the term of evening schools, avoidance of the em- ployment of men teachers, appointment of substitute teachers for long periods, etc., so as to keep within the limits of the salary fund allotted by the present law. Meantime, the legislature is being petitioned to make the per centum allowance for the teachers' salary fund an allotment of three and one-half mills on every dollar of taxable property in the city. Mr. Henry R. M Cook auditor of the New York board of education, has called attention to the fact that while the present method of determining the amount of appropriations for teachers' salaries is much better than any earlier usage, it is not founded upon the proper variable. Under the present plan, the increase of the salary fund is conditioned by the increase of the total value of taxable property in the city. The variation of the assess- ments has, however, only a remote connection with the variation in school population. This Mr. Cook shows by the following figures; INCREASE IN ASSESSED VALUATION AND IN SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IN NEW YORK CITY, 1899 TO 1903 Year Per Cent, of Increase over Preceding Year in- Assessed Valuation of Property Attendance in- Elementary Schools High Schools Evening Elementary Schools Evening High Schools 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 13.12 5.05 3-66 1.82 40.84 3.83 4.90 4.92 5.06 4-74 5.82 24.64 15.08 16.35 8.45 12 .26 »-53 12.51 17-53 9.21 33-45 31.27 a3.8o 6.71 a Decrease. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 141 It will be seen from the foregoing figures that the increase in the number of pupils requiring instruction varies independently of the taxable property. The defects of the scheme of allotment of a per centum of assessed valua- tion are set forth in Mr. Cook's report as auditor to the president of the board of education as follows — It occurs to me that the existing statute, and any amendment on same lines, is hardly logical, and in suggesting this I have in mind the following facts : 1. That the school system grows annually at a compound rate of increase of about six per cent, due to increase in school population, which fact may be regarded as a constant for practical purposes. 2. That to meet this constant, the assessed valuations of real and personal estate must keep exact step. 3. That if the assessed values are less than the ratio of increase in school popula- tion, the financial result is insufficient, and it becomes necessary to ask the city for an additional sum, which if not allowed, restricts the normal working of the system, and causes the adoption of expedients which may be more or less open to objection. 4. That if the assessed values are greater than the ratio of increase in school popu- lation, the financial result is in excess of normal requirements, and there might be a ten- dency to a more than generous expenditure of money. In any event a greater annual tax will have been levied than is necessary for the conduct of affairs for the fiscal year, which is contrary to the financial policy of the city for more than half a century. The main point which I desire to bring forward is, that to conduct a system which is increasing in size in a practically constant ratio, the present method of fixing a source of financial increase is unstable, variable, and related to the school system only indirectly. Tax valuations are dependent largely upon political considerations, local conditions and physical factors over which the educational authorities have no control. Granted that a change be made from 3 to 3^ mills, the remedy might be but tem- porary; a slight alteration in methods of valuation, and correspondingly varying results would be apparent in our finances. Such a change would not relieve the situation in 1905 inasmuch as the budget has already been adopted. Again, an appeal to the legisla- ture for a special issue of bonds is superfluous for the city already has power to issue same for any object if it so desires. Mr. Cook's plan for determining the fund comprises — For elementary and high schools, on a fixed allowance per unit of attendance (average). For all other purposes (except corporate schools), by including a minimum sum for each item. Annual increases in budget requirements for elementary and high schools to be provided for by ascertaining the increase of school attendance of the current school year over the next preceding school year, and including the increase of attendance at the fixed cost per unit. Any increase above the minimum amounts established for all other purposes, to be recommended by the board of education and discretionary with the board of estimate and apportionment. For corporate schools, by fixing a per capita rate of $15.00 based on average attend- ance during preceding school year. In the event of an abnormal increase in school attendance in any year, beyond the figures estimated, whereby a financial deficit can be shown to exist, the board of estimate and apportionment to be empowered to authorize the issue of revenue bonds for a sum not exceed'ng $100,000, in any one year, provided that the board of education shall certify to the board of estimate and apportionment as to the particular need and purpose for which the sum asked shall be expended. 142 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Mr. Cook has proposed the following statute to govern the salary fund for teachers for New York city: Section 1064. The board of education shall represent the schools and the school system of the city of New York before the board of estimate and apportionment, and before the board of aldermen, in all matters of appropriations in the budget of the city for educational purposes, and in all other matters, and shall in general, be the representa- tive of the school system of the city in its entirety. On or before the fifteenth of September in each year it shall submit an estimate in detail of the moneys needed for the entire school system of the city, during the next succeeding calendar year, to the board of estimate and apportionment for its action. The board of estimate and apportionment shall appro- priate for the general school fund for the year nineteen hundred and (two) six and, annu- ally, for each year thereafter, an amount (equivalent to not less than three mills on every dollar of assessed valuation of the real and personal estate in the city of New York, Hable to taxation) which shall be computed in the following manner: 1. Based upon the average attendance of the school year next preceding the calendar year to which the estimate applies, to which shall be added the percentage of increase between the average attendance of the school year hereinbefore mentioned and the school year next preceding same, there shall be appropriated for each unit of the result so ascer- tained, not less than thirty-one dollars in elementary day schools, not less than eighty- eight dollars in day high-, and training-schools; not less than twelve dollars and eighty cents in elementary evening schools; and not less than twenty-seven dollars in evening high schools. 2. For the institutions known as corporate schools, not less than fifteen dollars for each unit of average attendance of the school year next preceding the fiscal and calendar year to which the estimate applies. 3. For special education including special teachers of manual training, physical training, foreign languages, sewing, cooking, music and drawing, an amount not less than four hundred thousand dollars per annum; for vacation schools, playgrounds and recreation centres an amount not less than two hundred thousand dollars; and for evening lectures for the people, an amount not less than one hundred thousand dollars. 4. For the salaries of attendance officers, not less than ninety-two thousand dollars. 5. For general supervision, including the salaries of the members of the board of superintendents, the district superintendents, the members of the board of examiners, and all directors and supervisors, an amount not less than two hundred and sixty-eight thousand five hundred dollars. In case the aggregate amount so appropriated for the general school fund is insuffi- cient fo» its purposes, the board of estimate and apportionment is hereby empowered to authorize the issue of revenue bonds not exceeding the sum of one hundred thousand dollars in any year, and apply the proceeds of the same to the general school fund; pro- vided that the board of education shall certify to the board of estimate and apportionment, the reasons and necessity for such additional sum, and the purposes for which the same is to be expended. In case the amount so appropriated for the general school fund exceeds the expendi- tures and ascertained habilities chargeable to such fund during any one year, the amount by which the said general school fund exceeds said expenditures and liabilities shall become part of the general school fund for the next succeeding year, and the amount to be raised by tax for said fund shall be diminished by the amount of said excess. On or before the tenth day of August in each year the city superintendent of schools shall certify and sybmit in writing to the board of education for its action a statement showing in detail the average attendance of the last preceding school year. The board of education shall administer all moneys appropriated or available for educational purposes in the city of New York, subject to the general provisions of this act relating to the audit and payment of salaries and other claims by the department of finance. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 143 MINIMUM SALARY LAWS A movement toward establishing a minimum salary by state enactment has had support in several states and in Indiana, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and in West Virginia, such a law has already been adopted and put in operation. MINIMUM SALARY LAW OF INDIANA The Indiana law, approved March 11, 1903, estabHshes a minimum salary to be paid teachers in the schools of that state, and fixes a penalty in a fine not exceeding $100 for each violation. The minimum fixed is a daily wage based on the teacher's general average of scholarship and success given on his highest grade of Hcense at the time of contracting. The following is the law referred to. The act regulating examinations for licenses, approved March 6, 1899, is also given: AN ACT to amend an act approved March 12, 1901, entitled an act regulating the mini- mum wages of teachers in the pubhc schools and fixing a penalty for violation of the same, being Sections i and 2 of the acts of 1901. Section i. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, That the daily wages of teachers for teaching in the public schools of the* state shall not be less in the case of beginning teachers than an amount determined by multiplying two and one-fourth (2^) cents by the scholarship given said teacher on his highest grade of Hcense at the time of contracting; and after the first school term of any teacher, said teacher's daily wages shall not be less than an amount determined by multiplying two and one-half (2 J) cents by the general average of scholarship and success given the teacher on his highest grade of license at the time of contracting; and after three years of teaching said wages shall not be less than an amount determined by multiplying two and three-fourths (2f) cents by the general average of scholarship and success given the teacher on his highest grade of license at the time of contracting: Provided, That two (2) per cent, shall be added to a teacher's general average of scholarship and success for attending the county institute the full number of days and that said two (2)^per cent, shall be added to the average scholarship of beginning teachers. Sec. 2. All teachers now exempt, or hereafter exempt from examination, shall be paid as daily wages for teaching in the public schools of the state not less than an amount determined by multiplying two and three-fourths (2f) cents by the general average of scholarship and success given said teachers: Provided, That the grade of scholarship counted in each case be that given at the teacher's last examination, and that the grade of success counted be that of the teacher's term last preceding the date of contracting. Sec. 3. All school officers shall comply with the provisions of this act and shall pay the teachers employed by them no less than such an amount as shall be determined by sections i and 2 of this act. School officers who shall be adjudged guilty of violating any of the provisions of this act shall be fined in any amount not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100) for such offense. The state superintendent of public instruction is hereby authorized to bring action against any school officer violating any of the provisions of this act. AN ACT concerning the common schools of this state, providing for the examination of applicants for license to teach therein, and repealing all laws in conflict therewith. .... The professional ability, or school-room success of an applicant shall be furnished by the county superintendent and graded from 50 to 100 per cent. Teachers employed in a city or town school shall be certified to on professional abihty by the town 144 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION superintendent (if there be one) or city school superintendent. This shall be accepted by the county superintendent as the estimate of the applicant's professional success. The general average in the branches which shall indicate the applicant's academic stand- ing, furnished by the state superintendent of public instruction, shall constitute one part of the applicant's grade, and the per cent, placed upon the applicant's school-room success, shall constitute the other part. The sum of these two items divided by two, shall give the complete general average upon which all the license shall be issued. MINIMUM SALARY LAW OF MARYLAND Under the provisions of the revised school law of the state of Maryland, approved April 12, 1901, The salaries of the teachers of each county shall be fixed by the board of county school commissioners: Provided, That no white teacher regularly employed in a public school of the state of Maryland, having an average attendance of fifteen pupils or more, shall receive as salary less than three hundred dollars per school year. The secretary of the state board of education, in his report for 1904, says. The plan in the law heretofore left the fixing of salaries absolutely in the hands of the county school board, and as a result the average salary paid in the state was less than the amount now fixed as a minimum. In some counties, where the schools were kept open but seven and one-half months (which was the minimum school year before the revision of the school law), the salaries would average from $200 to $275 per annum. With the increase in living expenses teachers with such salaries found themselves embar- rassed, and many of them were leaving the school room for a living employment. Fixing a minimum salary of $300 will have the effect of retaining many capable teachers now in service, and will also attract many to the profession who otherwise would assume work in some other sphere. 4: H< H: :j: :{: :{: A school year of not less than nine months is inseparably associated with the mini- mum salary clause. The outlined work of the uniform course of study for all public schools, adopted by the state board of education in 19OT, could not be successfully accom- plished with a school year less than nine months. The disadvantages of such an arrange- ment multiplied with ^ach succeeding year, imtil it became apparent that the requirements of the course worked a great hardship in the schools of counties where the school year was seven and one-half months. By increasing the minimum school year one month and a half the legislature relieved school administration of its greatest difficulty, and this provsion mil do more toward unifying school interests, and accomplishing the ends which go to make up a system than any other part of the school law. All schools must now live up to the requirements of the curriculum. MINIMUM SALARY LAW OF PENNSYLVANIA In Pennsylvania two important acts have been passed regnlatmg the salaries paid school teachers; the first, approved April 4. 1899, fixed the mini- mum school term at seven months, the second, approved April 9, 1903, fixed the minimum rate of salary at $35 per month, thus making the minimum yearly salary $245. This latter law did not go into effect until June i, 1904. Most of the returns which make up this report were for an earlier date in the same school year, but a minimum limit of $35 would naturally not affect many cities or towns above 8,000 population. The two acts referred to are as follows: I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 145 The minimum school term shall be seven months, and after the close of the school year ending on the first Monday of June, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-nine, school directors or controllers shall keep the schools of their respective districts in opera- tion at least seven months each year: Provided, That the length of the annual term may remain as at present in districts where the maximum amount of tax allowed by law to be levied for school purposes, together with the amount of state appropriation to which the said districts are entitled, shall be found sufficient to keep the schools open a greater length of time than six months. AN ACT regulating the minimum rate of salary of school teachers in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, where school districts receive state appropriations. Section i. On and after the first day of June, one thousand nine hundred and four, the minimum salar}- of school teachers, teaching in the public schools of this Common- wealth, shall be thirty-five dollars per month. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the president and secretary of the school board, of each school district in this Commonwealth, to make report, under oath, to the superin- tendent of public instruction, that the requirements of this act have been fully complied with. Sec. 3. Every school district of this Commonwealth faiHng to comply with the require- ments of this act, shall forfeit its state ' appropriation for the whole time during which this act has been violated. MINIMUM SALARY LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA The West Virginia law, passed February 20, 1901 and in effect 90 days later, establishes a minimum salary according to the grade of the teacher's certificate. It is as follows: The boards of education of the several districts shall hold their first meeting for each school ypar on the first Monday in July. At this meeting they shall determine the number of teachers that may be employed in the several subdistricts, and fix the salaries that shall be paid to the teachers. In determining the salaries, they shall have regard to the grade of teachers' certificates, fixing to each grade the salary that shall be paid to teachers of said grades in the several subdistricts as follows : Teachers having certificates of the grade of number one shall be paid not less than $30 per month; those holding certificates of the grade of number two, not less than $25 per month; and those holding certificates of the grade of numbei three, not less than $18 per month. And the trustees of the several subdistricts shall in no case transcend or diminish the salaries so fixed in any contract they may make with teachers. The grading of teachers' certificates is regulated by an act passed Febru- ary 27, 1903 and taking effect 90 days later. The provisions covering this subject are as follows : AppHcants for teachers' certificates shall be required to pass an examination in all the branches required to be taught in the primary free schools of this state, and upon which they are now required to pass examination by law Three grades of certifi- cates shall be issued, based upon the following scale: First grade certificates shall be issued to all applicants who attain a general average of 90 per cent, on a scale of 100 per cent., and not less than 75 per cent, on any one branch; second grade certificates shall be issued to all applicants who attain a general average of 80 per cent, and not lower than 70 per cent, on any one branch; third grade certificates shall be issued to all apphcants who attain a general average of 70 per cent, and not lower than 60 per cent, on any one branch. 146 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION EARNINGS IN TEACHING AND IN OTHER OCCUPATIONS Comparison is often made of the salaries paid teachers with the wages paid in other occupations. Certain difficulties suggest themselves in the way of an entirely satisfactory comparison in many cases. The teacher is actively engaged in the work of teaching for not more than 40 weeks and usually receives an annual salary from which the expenses of the 52 weeks of the year must be paid. The teacher, however, is expected, and in not a few cases required, to spend her vacation in rest, or at least not at any occupation, although in many cases she is encouraged to give a part of it to self-improvement in a summer school. In most other occupations, with which comparison might be made, the pay is by the day, week, or month, and in many cases the year's work will for one reason or another fall short of full 52 weeks. A comparison with one other class of municipal employees for which statistics are available can be made, namely, laborers on street and sewer work. These employees are paid by the day, it is true, but in this class of work, employment is quite steady, many being employed throughout the year. In the following table are shown the average hours of work per week, the average wages per hour, and the average weekly earnings of municipal laborers on street and sewer work, and the minimum salary paid women teachers in elementary schools in 48 cities in various parts of the country. Both classes of employees are paid by the same employer — the municipahty. The figures showing average hours per week and average wages per hour are from the Nineteenth Annual Report of the Commissioner of Labor. From the following table it will be seen that on the basis of 50 weeks of work during the year the earnings of the laborers would in nearly every city exceed those of the lowest paid elementary teachers. The exceptions to this are only four — Chicago, 111., Columbus, Ga., Meridian, Miss., and Washington, D. C. In the cases of Columbus and Meridian, all the laborers are of course colored, while the teachers are white. In many cases the laborer's pay is greatly 'in excess of the teacher's minimum. The wages of laborers here given represent, it should be remembered, the earnings Of the commonest untrained labor, while in scarcely any city of importance can a man or woman secure a position as teacher without some previous experience or special preparation. In many of the important cities, too, preliminary to this special preparation a high school education is required. For example, candidates for the place of teacher in the ele- mentary schools of Baltimore before being permitted to take the required competitive examination "must have completed the course in one of the Baltimore training schools for teachers, or a course in some other training school whose standard of admission and whose requirements are equivalent to those of the Baltimore training schools ; or they must have taught accept- ably for two years, and must have passed an examination in the following I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 147 EARNINGS OF MUNICIPAL STREET LABORERS AND ELEMENTARY TEACHERS COMPARED FOR 48 CITIES [Average hours per week and wages per hour from Nineteenth Annual Report of the Commissioner of Labor.] City Laborers (Municipal), Streets and Sewers Average Hours Per Week Average Wages Per Hour Average Weekly Earnings Minimum Yearly Salaries of Teachers in Elementary Schools Allegheny, Pa , Atlanta, Ga , Augusta, Ga , Boston, Mass Buffalo, N.Y Burlington, Vt Camden, N. J , Charleston, S. C Chicago, 111 Cincinnati, O Cleveland. O Columbiis, Ga East St. Louis, 111 Evansville, Ind Great FaUs, Mont Harrisburg, Pa Hartford, Conn Lincoln, Neb Los Angeles, Calif Lowell, Mass Manchester, N. H Memphis, Tenn , Meridian, Miss Minneapolis, Minn , Mobile, Ala.- Montgomery, Ala , Nashua, N. H Nashville, Tenn New Haven, Conn New Orleans, La New York, N. Y. (inch Brooklyn) Omaha, Neb Peoria, 111 Philadelphia, Pa Pittsburg, Pa Portland, Me Providence, R. I Racine, Wis Richmond, Va St. Louis, Mo , St. Paul, Minn San Francisco, Calif , Seattle, Wash , Sioux Falls, S. D Tacoma, Wash , Washington, D. C Williamsport, Pa , Wilmington, Del , 51-37 54 48 60 48 54 60 60 54 54 49-50 49-77 48 48 45-29 48 54 60 $o.2t88 -1034 -1341 .2742 -1875 .1667 .1500 .1134 .1588 -2057 .2000 .0890 • 1750 .1875 -3125 .1500 .2105 -1875 .2500 .2207 .1667 -1875 . 1000 .2313 .1667 .0833 .1525 .1389 .1978 .1944 .2535 .2250 .2000 .2222 .2188 .1833 .1534 .1667 .1607 .1875 .1875 • 3125 .2906 .2000 • 2313 .1916 .1650 .1500 $10.52 6.00 8.05 12.06 9.00 9.00 9.00 6.80 9-53 9.87 9.60 5-34 10.50 9.00 15.00 9.00 11-37 9.00 12.00 11-34 9.00 9.00 6. CO II. 10 9.00 5.00 9-15 7 -SO 10.68 9.62 12.62 10.80 9.60 10.06 10.50 9-90 9.20 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 15.00 13-95 9.60 II. 10 9 20 8.91 9.00 $i;oo 250 289 552 400 216 400 300 5 so 400 475 500 400 350 713 345 400 369 540 500 350 360 383 450 432 240 400 300 300 315 540 380 350 470 350 (a) 400 325 297 420 400 600 550 (a) 500 500 405 350 a No data obtainable. subjects: English, including grammar, composition and literature; history and civics, arithmetic, algebra, plane geometry, physics or botany or zoology, geography, physiology and hygiene." For all of this the pay at beginning is $300 a year, with three annual advances of $48 and one of $60. The hours of work required of the teacher vary with conditions. Mr. W. A. MilHs, superintendent of schools for Crawfordsville, Ind., in the report of the schools of that city for 1904, makes an estimate for the schools of his city of the length of the teacher's day. ''They are required to be in their respective class rooms in charge of pupils, in the primary grades, 5^ hours, the intermediate grades, 5J hours, the grammar grades, 6 hours, the high school, 6i hours. Adding to the above the additional time required for 148 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION planning lessons, reading and correcting exercises and for professional calls, the total will bring the average teacher's 'working day' up to ten hours." It may be of interest in this connection to see the wages paid skilled labor in some of the cities covered by this report. The wages paid molders in jobbing and machinery foundries — an occupation where wages are medium rather than high, as skilled labor goes — may be taken as an example. The following table, showing for 103 cities the minimum wage-rates of molders and the hours of labor in jobbing and machinery foundries in the United States, was pubhshed by the National Founders' Association (an association of employers) and is here reproduced from the Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor for March, 1904: MINIMUM WAGE RATES OF MOLDERS AND HOURS OF LABOR IN JOBBING AND MACHINERY FOUNDRIES [Figures published by National Founders' Association] City Molders' Minimum Wages Floor Bench Hours of Labor City Molders" Minimum Wages Floor Bench Hours of Labor Akron, Ohio Albany, N.Y Alliance, Ohio Anaconda, Mont Ansonia, Conn Auburn, N. Y Baltimore, Md Battle Creek, Mich.... Barberton, Ohio Bay City, Mich Beaumont, Tex Beloit, Wis Bessemer, Ala Birmingham, Conn Birmingham, Ala Boston, Mass Bridgeport, Conn Brooklyn, N. Y Buffalo, N. Y Butte, Mont Camden, N. J Chester, Pa Chicago, 111 Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Cold Spring, N. Y Colorado Springs, Colo Columbus, Ohio Dallas, Tex Dayton, Ohio Denver, Colo Derby, Conn Detroit, Mich Elizabeth, N. J Erie, Pa Eureka, Calif Fort Worth, Tex Hancock, Mich Hartford, Conn Holyoke, Mass Houston, Tex , Indianapolis, Ind , Jackson, Mich , Jersey City, N. J Lynn, Mass Long ^land City, N. Y Memphis, Tenn Los Angeles, Calif Mount Vernon, O Milwaukee, Wis Minneapolis, Minn Moline, 111 $2.90 3- 00 2 75 2.75 3.00 2.80 4.00 2.75 3.00 3.00 3.20 3.00 3.00 3-50 2.85 3.00 2.90 3 -SO 2.7s 3.00 3.00 2.80 3-50 3-25 3.10 2.75 2.75 3-3° ^.00 2.75 3.00 2.75 3.00 3.25 3-37t 2.85 3.00 $2.90 3.00 3.00 4.00 2.50 2.65 2.75 2.7s 2.90 2.75 3 -50 2.75 3.00 2. 50 3.00 2.75 2.50 2.75 2.80 4.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.75 3 -SO 2.85 3.00 2.65 3.50 2. 50 2.80 3.00 2.80 50 25 ID 75 75 30 80 75 75 75 75 37i 2.8s 2.80 2.75 Newburg, N. Y Newark, N. J Newcastle, Pa New Haven, Conn. , . . New London, Conn. . . New Orleans, La New York, N. Y Omaha, Neb Omaha, Neb Paterson, N.J Peoria, 111 Peekskill, N. Y Philadelphia, Pa Pittsburg, Pa . . Plainfield, N.J Portland, Ore Poughkeepsie, N. Y . . . Providence, R. I Quincy, 111 Racine, Wis Richmond, Ind Rochester, N. Y San Antonio, Tex San Francisco, Calif.. . Saginaw, Mich Salem, Mass Salem, Ohio Scranton, Pa Seattle, Wash Seneca Falls, N. Y.... Sing Sing, N. Y Springfield, Mass Springfield, Mo Springfield, 111 Springfield, O St. Joseph, Mo ... St. Louis, Mo St. Paul, Minn Syracuse, N. Y Tacoma, Wash Toledo, Ohio Trenton, N. J Troy, N. Y Utica, N.Y Washington, D. C Waterbury, Conn West Superior. Wis. . . . Wilmington, Del Windsor Locks, Conn. Warren. Ohio Worcester, Mass Youngstown, Ohio .... $3.00 $2.75 2.90 2.65 3-00 3- 00 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.75 3.05 2.88 2.90 2.70 3.00 3- 00 3.00 2.75 2.90 2.90 3.00 3-00 2.75 2.75 3 -50 3.50 3-00 2.75 2.75 2.57 2.75 2.75 2.8s 2.65 2.65 2.6s 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 3-25 3-25 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 3-50 3 -50 2.60 2.60 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.6s 2.85 2.85 3.00 2 . 90 2.88 2.88 2.70 2.70 3.50 3-50 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 3-00 3- 00 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.88 2.88 2.47i 2.47^ 2.75 2.75 2.90 2 .90 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 9 9 10 9 9 9 9h 9 9 9* 9 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 149 PURCHASING POWER OF SALARIES IN DIFFERENT LOCALITIES The Eighteenth Annual Report of the United States Commissioner of Labor presented the results of an extended investigation into the cost of living for workingmen's families and the retail prices of the principal staple articles of food used in such famihes. The object of the investigation into cost of living was to ascertain the cost of housing, fuel, Hghting, food, clothing, etc.^ in the ordinary family in the United States. The object of the investi- gation into retail prices was to ascertain the changes in the prices of the staple articles of food for a period of years, and thereby to determine as nearly as possible the changes in the cost of living from year to year in the several years covered. The relative cost of living in the several geographical divisions of the country, as shown by this investigation, may be seen in the following table, which gives the actual average expenditure per individual for various purposes in 11,156 normal famihes covered by the investigation. These were all work- ingmen's famihes. Their condition may be judged in a general way by their yearly income, which was reported as $651 .83 per family for the North Atlantic states, $560.34 for the South Atlantic states, $657.30 for the North Central states, $590.27 for the South Central states, $819.54 for the Western states, and $650.98 per family for the entire 11,156 famihes. The table is as follows : EXPENDITURE PER INDIVIDUAL FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES IN 11,156 NORMAL FAMILIES, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS [From the Eighteenth Annual Report of he Commissioner of Labor.] Object of Expenditure North Atlantic States South Atlantic States North Central States South Central States Western States United States Food . $68.85 31.42 7.24 1.88 20.31 29.78 $59.13 22.41 6.67 17. 16 28.81 $67.48 23-67 7-15 1.68 20. 22 35-04 $59-30 23-36 5-54 I-15 18.65 34-30 $79-42 39-03 9.04 2.08 30.30 34.54 $67.78 28.48 7.17 1.76 20.34 31.60 Rent Fuel. ClothinT Total $159.48 $135-49 $155.24 $142.30 $194.41 $157.13 Statistics are not available in sufficient detail to show comparative cost of Hving in cities in various parts of the country or in the large and small city. As between large cities in various parts of the country a comparison might be made covering food alone, for which retail prices are available, but for the other items, such as rent, clothing, fuel, etc., which go to make up 57.46 percent, of the total cost of Hving in the average workingman's family, no figures can be given. These items, moreover, rent especially, are those in which the greatest variation would be found. As between the large and small city the same is true. Here, too, another element comes in, namely, the differing views as to what are the necessaries ISO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION of life, and except in the one item of rent, this explains a large per cent, of the difference in cost in the large city over its smaller neighbor. The standard of Hving followed by the teacher in New York or Chicago, say, and which is moderate in comparison with that of others in the same city, would be con- sidered extravagant in Oswego or Elgin, even if it were not impossible. Dif- ferent standards of living, different views as to what is necessary to a comfortable Hving, which prevail in different cities, make extremely difficult a statistical comparison of cost of living in various cities. No investigation has been made which could form a satisfactory basis for such a comparison and such an investigation would be an undertaking of considerable magnitude. In the same investigation the changes in the cost of living from year to year were studied by a comparison of retail prices of staple articles of food. The quantities of the various articles of food used in typical workingmen's families which furnished information in detail have been appHed to the prices in order to give to each article its importance in the family expenditure. Rela- tive cost of living to the average workingman's family from year to year, so far as food is concerned, is thus shown. RELATIVE COST OF FOOD, WEIGHTED ACCORDING TO THE AVERAGE FAMILY CONSUMPTION, 1890 TO 1903 [Average cost for 1890-1899= 100.] Year Relative Cost of Food Year Relative Cost of Food 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 102.4 103.8 101.9 104.4 99-7 97.8 95-5 1897. 1898, 1899. 1900, 1901. 1902. 1903, 96 98 99 100 los The table shows that the lowest price of food during the period covered was in 1896, when according to the weighted relative prices it was 95.5 per cent, of the average price from 1890 to 1899; and that the highest price was in 1902, when it was no. 9 per cent, of the average price for the base period, or 10.9 per cent, above the average price for the ten years 1890 to 1899. As above stated, these figures represent the relative cost of food when the various articles are weighted according to their importance in the family consumption. But the cost of food, according to the results of the above investigation, represents only 42 . 54 per cent, of the entire cost of Uving of the average work- ingman's family. Of the remaining articles, constituting 57.46 per cent, of the family expenditure, certain ones are, from their nature, affected only indirectly and in very slight degree by any rise or fall in prices. Such are payments on account of principal and interest of mortgage, taxes, property and life insurance, labor and other organization fees, religion, charity, books and newspapers, amusements and vacation, intoxicating liquors, and sickness and death. These together constituted 14.51 per cent, of the family expendi- COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 151 ture in 1901 of the 2,567 families furnishing the information in full detail. Miscellaneous purposes, not specified, for which, from their character, no prices are obtainable, made up 5.87 per cent., and rent, for which also no prices for the several years are available, made up 12.95 P^^" cent. The remaining classes of family expenditure, 24.13 per cent, of all, consist of clothing 14.04 per cent., fuel and lighting 5.25 per cent., furniture and utensils 3 .42 per cent., and tobacco 1..42 per cent. For these no retail prices covering a series of years are available but it is probable that the advance of the retail prices was considerably less than the advance in wholesale prices, as the advance in the wholesale prices of 25 articles of food in 1903, as com- pared with 1896, was 27.9 per cent., while the advance in the retail prices of 25 similar articles or groups of articles, as shown by the results of this investigation, was but 15.3 per cent. An examination of the relative whole- sale prices of these classes of articles, giving them their proper weight according to family consumption, leads to the conclusion that the advance in the retail prices of these articles as a whole, comparing 1903 with the year of lowest prices, could have been but little, if at all, greater than the advance in the retail price of food. If all classes of family expenditures as above be taken into consideration, it is apparently a safe and conservative conclusion, therefore, that the increase in the cost of living, as a whole, in 1903, when compared with year of lowest prices, was less than 15.5 per cent., the increase in the cost of food as shown by the investigation in question. This assumes, of course, always the purchase of the same articles and the same quantities in years of low prices, low wages, and more or less irregular employment, and in years of higher prices, higher wages, and steady employment. TENURE OF OFFICE OF TEACHERS With regard to the tenure of office of teachers, no specific investigation was made by the committee for the purpose of this report. Upon taking up its work it was found that ample material for information on this subject had already been accumulated by the*Bureau of Education and could be placed at the disposal of the committee. The Commissioner of Education in April and May, 1904, made an investi- gation of the length of service of teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, and the tables which embody the results of this inquiry have, through the courtesy of Commissioner Harris, been placed at the disposal of the committee for use in this report. The inquiries of the Commissioner of Education were directed to ascer- taining the length of service of teachers, not only in their present locations, but also their total teaching service regardless of where that service was performed. Reports showing the length of service in their present locations 152 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION of men and women teachers were secured from 379 cities and towns, or nearly 70 per cent, of the total 545 in the United States having a population of 8,000 or over. These reports included 52,325 women teachers and 5,390 men teachers, a total of 57,715. Reports showing total length of service as teachers, regardless of where the service was performed, were secured from 333 cities and towns, or 61 per cent, of the total number with a population of 8,000 or over. These reports included 51,350 teachers, of which 46,694 were women and 4,656 were men. From these reports six tables have been pre- pared by the Bureau of Education showing for each state the number of men, of women, and of men and women combined, who have taught each specified number of years. Two other tables, prepared by the Bureau, present the facts in regard to length of service for certain cities of 100,000 population or over. The titles of these eight tables are as follows: Table i. — Total length of service (regardless of where the service was performed) of male teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 2. — Total length of service (regardless of where the service was performed) of female teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 3. — Total length of service (regardless of where the service was performed) of male and female teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 4. — Length of service in their present locations of male teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 5. — Length of service in their present locations of female teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 6. — Length of service in their present locations of male and female teachers in cities of 8,000 population or over, by states. Table 7. — Total length of service (regardless of where the service was performed) of teachers in 27 of the 39 cities in the United States of 100,000 population or over. Table 8. — Length of service in their .present locations of teachers in 29 of the 39 cities in the United States of 100,000 population or over. These eight tables appear at the end of this section of the report. This inquiry, it will be noticed, was made in April and May, 1904. As this was so near the end of the school year, it was apparently assumed by the school officials in making the reports for a considerable number of cities, that the year's service was practically completed, and the returns were made up as if it were in fact completed. This is clearly evident from the fact that the number of teachers reported as having performed less than one year's service is less than half the number of those reported as in their second year of service. This misunderstanding on the part of the school officials, unfortu- nately, seriously impairs the value of their figures for some of the purposes for which they might be useful. It is impossible to estimate the extent of the error or to say whether a similar error affects the figures given for the longer periods of service as well as those for the first year. The error, however, should be borne in mind in making any comparisons. The first three of the foregoing tables are devoted to total length of service of teachers in the profession, regardless of where the service was performed, the number of male, of female, and of male and female teachers combined, who have taught each specified number of years, being shown by states. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, ANt) PENSIONS 153 In order to facilitate the comparison of the figures for men and women the totals of these three tables have been brought together in the following table and percentages calculated showing the relative number who have taught each specified number of years: TOTAL LENGTH OF SERVICE (REGARDLESS OF WHERE SERVICE WAS PERFORMED) OF TEACHERS IN 333 CITIES AND TOWNS OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER Length of Service Men Number Per cent, of Total Women Number Per cent, of Total Men and Women Number Per cent, of Total Less than i Year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years 10 years 11 years 12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years 21 years 22 yeais 23 years 24 years 25 years 26 years 27 years. 28 years 29 years 30 years 31 years 32 years 33 years 34 years 35 years 36 years 37 years 38 years 39 years 40 years or over . Total 54 149 176 212 206 199 200 190 235 173 209 169 170 139 158 141 113 117 127 126 165 95 96 76 81 lOI 82 78 60 48 83 42 28 38 31 36 37 24 17 14 161 4-656 1. 160 3.200 3-780 4-553 4.424 4.274 4.296 4.081 5-047 3716 4.489 3-630 3651 2.985 3-394 3-028 2.427 2-513 2.728 2. 706 3-544 2.040 2.062 1.632 1.740 2. 169 I. 761 1-675 1.289 I-031 1-783 .902 .601 .816 .666 .773 • 795 .515 • 365 .301 3-458 881 2,245 2,768 2,069 3v06i 2,870 2,692 2,673 2,424 2,153 2,138 1,773 i,8S7 1,574 1,548 1,363 1,160 1,098 961 891 998 746 660 564 513 500 468 389 317 318 360 274 234 221 196 155 121 105 89 84 283 1.887 4.808 5-928 6-358 6.555 6. 146 5-765 5-724 5-191 4. 611 4-579 3-797 3-977 3-371 3-315 2.919 2.484 2.352 2.058 1.908 2. 137 1.598 1. 414 1.208 1.099 1. 071 1.002 .833 .679 .681 .771 .587 • 501 • 473 .420 • 332 •259 .225 .191 .180 ,606 935 2,394 2,944 3,181 3,267 3,069 2,892 2,863 2,659 2,326 2,347 1,942 2,027 1,713 1,706 1,504 1,273 1,215 1,088 1,017 1,163 841 756 640 594 601 550 467 377 366 443 316 262 259 227 191 158 129 106 98 444 1. 82 1 4.662 5-733 6.195 6 362 5-977 5-632 575 178 530 570 782 -947 336 322 2.929 2.479 2.366 2. 119 1. 981 2.265 1.638 1.472 1.246 I-I57 1. 171 1. 071 .910 • 734 • 713 • 863 .615 .510 .504 .442 • 372 .308 .251 .206 .191 .865 46,694 An examination of the foregoing table shows that 50 per cent, of all the male teachers had been engaged in teaching less than 13 years, while of the female teachers 53 per cent, are found to have been in the profession less than 10 years; for all the teachers in these 2)ZZ cities considered together 51.7 per cent, had taught less than 10 years. The teachers of long service constituted a considerable proportion of the total number, 3 . 5 per cent, of the men and 0.6 per cent, of the women having taught 40 years or over, while 10 per cent, of the men and 4.5 per cent, of the women had taught 30 years or over. The average length of service can not be calculated with absolute accuracy from these tables, as the exact length of service of those reported as having taught 40 years or over is not known. If, however, all such are assumed 1^54 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION to have taught exactly 40 years, the error in the average for the entire number of teachers will be very small, probably not exceeding three-tenths of a year at most. Assuming, then, 40 years as the length of service of all reported as having taught "40 years or over" and i year as the length of service of all reported under "less than i year," the average length of service is found to be for the 4,656 men, 14.7 years, for the 46,694 women ii.i years, and for the 51,350 combined, 11 .4 years. A summary of the foregoing facts in regard to length of service in the 333 cities and towns reporting in regard to total service (regardless of where the service was performed) may be more readily understood from the briefer table, where the years of service are grouped into five- and ten-year periods: TOTAL LENGTH OF SERVICE (REGARDLESS OF WHERE SERVICE WAS PERFORMED) OF TEACHERS IN 333 CITIES AND TOWNS OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER Length of Service Men Number Per cent, of Total Women Number Per cent, of Total Men and Women Nvunber Per cent, of Total Less than 5 years 5 to 9 years inclusive . . 10 to 14 years, inclusive IS to 19 years, inclusive 20 to 29 years, inclusive 30 to 39 years, inclusive 40 years or over Total 797 997 845 624 882 350 161 17. 1 21.4 18.2 13-4 18.9 7-S 3-5 11,924 12,812 8,890 5,473 5>473 1,839 283 12,721 13,809 9,735 6,097 6,355 2,189 444 24.8 26.9 18.9 II. 9 12.4 4.2 0.9 4,656 100. o 46,694 51,350 In order that a comparison of the total service of teachers in the various states may be possible, a summary has been made with the years of service grouped into five- and ten-year periods, as in the table immediately preceding. The average length of service is also shown in this table. The longest average service, 14. i years, is reported for Florida, but this covers only one city with 20 teachers. Kentucky reports 13.3 years average service for the teachers of 6 cities with 894 in number. The shortest average service reported is 6.3 years for one city with 108 teachers in Utah; Texas and South Carolina come next with an average of 7.9 years. PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEA CHERS WHOSE TOTAL TEACHING SERVICE (REGARDLESS OF WHERE PERFORMED) HAS BEEN EACH SPECIFIED NUM- BER OF YEARS, BY STATES Num- ber of Cities Num- ber of Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Whose Total Teaching Service has been — Average Years of Service State Less than 5 Years 5 to 9 Years 10 to 14 Years 15 to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 4oYrs. or over North Atlantic Maine 4 6 I 34 5 II 29 20 32 252 432 78 7,350 983 1,070 3,565 3,711 3,783 36.9 32.7 25.6 22.3 30.5 29.6 20.7 27-3 24.4 26.2 22.7 21.8 26^6 28.5 26.6 27.6 28.2 12.7 18.3 16.7 19.2 14.4 16.9 19.7 16.0 18.2 6.8 II. 6 14. 1 12.0 10.5 10. 0 13.6 10.4 II. 0 iS-o II. 8 18.0 13.8 10.3 II. 2 135 12.4 12.5 2.0 2.0 3.8 7-1 6.2 3.2 4.9 5-2 4-7 0.4 •9 2.0 1-5 0.6 i.o I.I 1.0 9.5 New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts. . . Rhode Island.... Connecticut New York New Jersey Pennsylvania. . . . 10.3 II. 7 12.9 II.I 10.2 12.2 "•3 II. 4 Total 142 21,224 24.4 26.0 18. 1 II. 6 13.0 5.6 1-3 II. 9 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE,, AND PENSIONS 155 PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS WHOSE TOTAL TEACHING SERVICE (REGARDLESS OF WHERE PERFORMED) HAS BEEN EACH SPECIFIED NUM- BER OF YEARS, BY ST A.T1^?,— Continued Num- ber of Cities Num- ber 01 Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Whose Total Teaching Service has been — Average Years of Service State Less than 5 Years 5 to 9 Years 10 to 14 Years 15 to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 40 Yrs. or over South Atlantic Maryland Dist.ot Columbia Virginia West Virginia North Carolina.. South Carolina... Georgia I I 3 I 2 2 5 I 21 1,374 368 151 72 84 722 20 47.6 29-5 25.3 25-8 27.8 32.1 30.7 25.0 23.8 236 234 159 26.4 32.1 27.0 10. 0 23.8 21.2 17.6 31.8 22.2 27.4 21.5 10. 0 ■9:6 13.6 II-3 II. I 2.4 10. 1 5-0 II. I 14.4 13.2 8.3 6.0 7.8 50.0 4 4 5 I 2 2 8 5 2 3 8 4 I 5 5 7 4 5 7-3 10.9 II. 8 II-5 10.2 7-9 9.6 14. 1 Total. South Central Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Texas 16 6 3 2 I 2 4 2 I 2,812 894 187 114 100 845 170 112 46 29.2 19.9 30.0 35.1 30.0 29.9 25-3 27.7 13.0 243 19.0 18.2 22.8 14.0 24-3 45-9 43-7 45-7 21.5 22.9 23-0 21. I 17. 1 14-3 26.0 ID. I 173 14.4 10.5 8.0 6.5 7.0 6.3 10.9 10.7 12.7 II. 8 7.0 28.0 12. 5 4-7 8.0 4.4 3 6 2 3 7 7 I 5 0 9 I I 5 5 5 8 10.6 13-3 10.3 9-3 W.l U 9-9 Arkansas Oklahoma Total North Central. Ohio 21 28 18 19 21 17 S 10 7 2 6 2,468 5,482 2,249 1,492 2,902 2,294 1,942 1,123 2,458 320 632 25.8 21. 1 24.8 25-0 28.6 29.4 19. 1 25.0 31-7 27.2 26.3 24.2 26.0 27.9 28.6 28.5 313 31-2 32.3 21.3 32.8 29.4 20. 1 18.5 19-5 17.7 19-3 17.0 22.0 III 21.2 " 21.5 II. 4 .12.8 11. 8 13.6 II. 2 11. 9 12.9 12.0 10. 1 II. 6 12.3 12.0 15.2 12.6 II. 7 11 I3-0 6.6 9-3 5-2, 5-3 30 2.9 2.6 1.6 1.9 2-5 4.8 .6 I.I 1.2 I T II. 7 12 6 4 5 I 3 0 0 9 Illinois 10 8 Michigan Wisconsin Minnesota 10. 0 9.4 11. 1 Missouri Nebraska II. I 9.1 9.8 Total Western. Montana Wyoming Colorado Utah 133 3 I 5 I 2 I 8 20,894 176 36 1,208 108 448 369 1,607 25.2 24.4 30.6 17.2 42.6 17.2 17.9 21.9 27.8 35.8 19.4 30.4 37-1 33-3 33-9 28.3 19.0 18.8 27.8 22.9 II. I 23-4 15-7 20.3 12. 1 15-3 II. I 14.2 4.6 12.9 16.5 13-9 12.0 5-7 II. I 12.9 4.6 12.5 13.6 133 3-4 02.4 •7 1.6 2.2 •5 II. 0 9.0 10. 0 II. 4 10.8 II-5 11. 1 Washington Oregon California Total. 21 3,952 20.3 30. 5 20.8 13-9 12.5 1.8 .2 1 1 0 Total for U.S. - 51,350 24.8 26.9 18.9 II. 9 12.4 4.2 • 9 II. 4 Tables 4, 5, and 6 present in the same form as tables i, 2, and 3 similar facts in regard to length of service in their present locations of men and women teachers separately and in combination. The following table presents in comparison the totals of the three tables with percentages showing the relative number who have taught in their present locations each specified number of years: 156 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION LENGTH OF SERVICE IN THETR PRESENTT LOCATIONS OF TEACHERS IN 379 CITIES AND TOvVNS OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER Length or Service Men Number Per cent, of Total Women Number Per cent, of Total Men and Women Number Per cent, of Total Less than i year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 y ars 5 year.-^ 6 years 7 years 8 year?" py a.s 10 years 1 1 years 12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years 16 years 1 7 years 18 years , 19 years 20 years 2 1 years , 22 years , 23 years 24 years 25 years 26 years 27 years 28 years 29 years 30 years 31 years 32 years 33 years 34 years 35 years 36 years 37 years 38 years 39 years 40 years or over. Total 231 608 570 466 346 313 280 221 211 210 177 163 145 138 III 127 85 79 8S 61 86 67 62 43 54 51 31 39 29 34 44 29 4.286 11.280 10.575 8.647 6.419 5-807 5-195 4. 100 3-915 3-896 3-284 3.024 2.690 2.560 2.059 2.356 1-577 1.466 1-577 1. 132 1.596 1.243 1. 150 .798 1.002 • 946 ■ 575 • 723 .538 .631 .816 .538 .408 • 445 .408 .371 .427 .241 .297 .204 .798 1,784 5.019 5>oi7 4.230 3.836 3.349 2,800 2,640 2.363 2,125 1,933 1,693 1,724 1,472 1,403 1,202 957 924 819 739 795 613 553 470 401 386 393 319 255 277 306 244 229 198 179 132 97 90 69 71 219 52,325 3-409 9 592 9-588 8.084 7-331 6.400 5-351 5-045 4.516 4.061 3-694 3-235 3-295 2.297 1.829 1.766 1.565 I. 412 1-519 1. 171 I-057 .898 .766 .738 .751 .610 .487 • 529 .585 .466 .438 .378 -342 .252 .185 .172 .132 .136 .419 2,015 S.627 5.587 4.696 4,182 3,662 3.080 2,861 2,574 2,335 2,110 1,856 1,869 1,610 1. 514 1,329 1,042 1.003 904 800 881 680 615 513 455 437 424 358 284 311 350 273 251 222 201 152 120 103 85 82 262 3-491 9 750 9-681 8.136 7.246 6.345 5-337 4-957 4.460 4.046 3.656 3.216 3-238 2.790 2.623 2.303 1.805 1-738 1.566 1.386 1.526 1. 178 1.066 .757 .735 .620 .492 .539 .606 • 473 • 435 .385 .348 • 263 .208 .178 .147 .142 •453 It will be seen that 52.2 per cent, of the men teachers had been teaching in their present locations less than seven years, while of the women teachers 49 . 8 per cent, had been teaching that number of years ; for men and women teachers together almost exactly 50 per cent, had been engaged in their present locations six years or less. The average length of service (calculated as previously explained) in their present locations was for 5,390 men teachers 9.3 years, for 52,325 wo -Hen teachers 9.1 years, and for all teachers 9.1 years. The teachers of long service are naturally not as, numerous when only service in present location is considered as when all service is taken into account. The number, however, is still considerable. Of the men, 0.8 per cent., and of the women 0.4 per cent, had taught in their present locations for 40 years or more, while the men who had taught 30 years or over consti- tuted 4.95 per cent, and the women 3.5 per cent. The length of service in their present locations of the teachers in these COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 157 379 cities may be more conveniently studied in the summary which gives the service by five- and ten-year periods. This summary table is as follows: LENGTH OF SERVICE IN THEIR PRESENT LOCATIONS OF TEACHERS IN 379 CITIES AND TOWNS OF 8,000 POPULATION OR OVER Men Women Men and Women Length of Service Number Per cent, of Total Number Per cent, of Total Number Per cent, of Total 2,221 1,235 734 496 224 43 41.2 22.9 13-6 8.1 9.2 4.2 .8 19,886 13,277 8,225 4,641 4,462 1,615 219 38.0 22,107 14,512 8,959 5,078 4,958 1,839 262 38.^ 5 to 9 years, inclusive 10 to 14 years, inclusive 25 IS 8 8 3 4 7 9 5 I /I 25 IS 8 8 3 I ^ 20 to 20 years, inclusive 6 40 years or over ? ~^ Total 5>390 100. 0 52,325 100. 0 57,715 100. 0 To render easier the comparison of length of service in their present locations of teachers in the various states, the following table has been made. It presents the teachers classified according to service into five- and ten-year periods and by states. The average length of service is also shown for each state : PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS WHO HAVE TAUGHT IN THEIR PRESENT LOCATIONS EACH SPECIFIED NUMBER OF YEARS, BY STATES Num- ber of Cities Num- ber of Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Who Have Taught in Their Present Locations— Aver- age Years of Ser- vice State Less than 5 Years 5 to 9 Years ID to 14 Years 15 to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 40 Yrs. or over North Atlantic 5 8 I 39 7 12 34 21 41 301 560 78 7,925 1,225 1,140 4,324 3,811 4,891 44.2 38.0 35-9 35-0 34.8 40.4 33.6 40-5 3I-I 24.2 26.4 28.2 23-7 28.0 27.1 24.7 24.4 27.4 13.0 17.0 14. 1 15-3 13-6 14. 1 159 12.6 16.5 6.6 8.6 6.4 9.0 8.7 7.8 10.3 8.1 9.4 10. 0 7-7 I, I 10.2 8.9 8.1 10.3 9.8 10.6 8 T New Hampshire. . . . I I 5 4 2 4 4 4 .8 3 9 8 2 4 2 I 5 9 2 3 8 4 7 8 9 10 9 8 10 9 10 7 Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut New York . . . 5 9 4 3 2 3 New Jersey Pennsylvania Total 168 2 I 4 2 2 2 5 I 24,255 292 1,374 475 491 72 84 721 20 35-2 42.1 33.8 31.5 56.2 61. 1 55-9 38.6 30.0 25.2 29.8 22.2 22.9 26. s 27.7 33-3 26.2 10. 0 I5-I 15-4 20.5 18. 1 13.2 6.9 5-9 20.0 5-0 9.1 II. 7 9.0 13.0 3-3 4.1 2.3 7-5 5-0 10. 0 • 7 10.2 10. 1 .8 2-3 6.1 50.0 4-7 1 • 7 South Atlantic Maryland 6 8 Dist. of Columbia. . Virginia 3 4 I 9 0 5 4 2 I 10.2 10 2 West Virginia North Carolina South CaroUna 5-4 4-3 5-0 8.3 138 Florida .... Total 19 6 4 3 I 2 6 2 I 3,529 894 417 141 100 845 357 112 46 39-3 26.3 39-3 44.0 31.0 29.2 48.2 44.6 52.2 24.6 18.9 15.8 22.0 18.0 25.0 27.5 37-5 43-5 18.0 21.0 20. 1 19. I 16.0 18. 1 13-4 143 4-3 8.4 15-6 15.6 5-7 8.0 6.5 6.7 2.7 7-1 II. I 8.6 8.5 27.0 12.5 3.6 •9 2 A .2 1. 1 • 3 .7 I'.k 8 6 South Central Kentucky 6 6 0 3 9 6 12. 1 9.0 7.8 Alabama Louisiana Texas Arkansas ^■1 4.6 Oklahoma Total. . . 25 2,912 33.8 22.5 18.3 10.4 ID. I 0 ^ 158 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS WHO HAVE TAUGHT IN THEIR PRESENT LOCATIONS EACH SPECIFIED NUMBER OF YEARS, BY STATES— Conlinued Num- ber of Cities Num- ber of Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Who Have Taught in Their Present Locations— Aver- age State Less than 5 Years 5 to 9 Years 10 to 14 Years IS to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 4oYrs. or over Years of Ser- vice North Central Ohio 29 20 22 21 18 5 II 8 2 7 5,913 2,592 1,691 2,904 2,339 1,942 1,239 3,178 320 68s 45-5 43-2 42.1 35-2 S8.i 48.2 26.4 24-3 26.5 25-1 26.9 23-4 24.4 23-3 26.6 24.1 16.4 13-8 14.6 16.4 14-5 16.9 16.2 16.8 11-3 14.4 10.6 8.1 8.8 8.1 7.0 9.7 9.1 2.8 8.7 ID 8 6 6 5 5 6 II I 4 0 9 5 I 8 2 0 2 I 3 2 0 3 8 5 9 0 9 8 4 9 8 8 8 7 7 8 10 5 6 8 Illinois Wisconsin "^ 8. 2 Iowa Nebraska Kansas 9 Total Western Montana Wyoming '. . . 143 3 I 5 I 3 I 10 22,803 176 1,206 108 491 369 1,830 39-7 n.6 61. I 51-2 60.2 56.2 40.1 47-5 25-2 18.2 22.2 26.3 28.7 26.5 32.5 26.9 15-7 8.0 :^;; 9-3 13.2 16.8 13-5 9.0 I.I 5-6 5.8 3-3 7-1 6.5 8.0 1. 1 3-9 1.8 .8 3.0 5.2 2.2 .1 •5 •4 .2 8.7 3-7 . 4.5 5-4 7.2 6.8 Utah... Washington Oregon California Total 24 4,216 50.4 26.8 13.2 5.6 3.8 .2 6.3 TotalforU. S.... 379 57,71s 3S.3 25. I 15-5 8.8 8.6 3-2 • 5 91 As with total service, Florida and Kentucky report the longest average service in present locations, namely, 13.8 and 12.1 years respectively. The shortest average service in present locations is reported for Montana as 3 . 7 years. The figures which show length of service in present location are for 379 cities, while those which show entire length of professional service are for 7,7,7,. The numbers, however, in both cases are sufficiently large to justify their being accepted as representative and to permit comparisons to be made. The average length of service in present locations for women teachers has been seen to be 9 . i years, while the average total length of service, regardless of where the service was performed, was 11 . i years, a difference of only 2 years; for men teachers the average in present location was 9.3 years, while the average total length of service was 14.7, a difference of 5.4 years; for all teachers (both men and women) the average in present locations was 9.1 years, and for total service was 11. 4 years, a difference of 2.3 years. In the light of these facts it would appear that tenure in cities is fairly secure and that moving about from place to place is not one of the striking character- istics of the woman teacher. The men, it appears, have had practically the same length of service as the women in their present locations, but they have had a considerably longer service when their total professional experience in all locations is considered. It is probable that this is due to the fact that the male teachers are more likely to be tempted from the locaHties in which they begin by offers of higher salaries. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 159 Tables 7 and 8 present, respectively, the facts in regard to entire length of service and service in their present locations for teachers in certain cities of 100,000 population or over. In these tables the facts are not given for men and women teachers separately, but only for all teachers combined. In order that comparison may be made of length of service in present locations and of the total service, regardless of where performed, a table has been made bringing into comparison the facts for the 27 cities reporting as to both kinds of service. The names of the 27 cities may be seen in Tables 7 and 8. Kansas City, Mo., and Syracuse, -N. Y., which reported as to service in present loca- tions, but not as to total service, are not included in this comparison. The table gives in parallel columns the number and per cent, of teachers who have taught each specified number of years in their present locations and in all locations. The table follows: LENGTH OF SERVICE OF TEACHERS IN TWENTY-SEVEN OF THE THIRTY-NINE CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES OF 100,000 INHABITANTS OR OVER Length of Service Service in Present Locations Number of Per cent. Teachers of Total Total Service (Regardless of where Performed) Number of Per cent. Teachers of Total Less than i year. 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years 10 years 1 1 years 12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years i6 years 1 7 years 18 years 19 years 20 years 21 years 22 years 23 years 24 years 25 years 26 years. . ^ 2 7 years 28 years 29 years 30 years 31 years 32 years 33 years 34 years 35 years 36 years , 37 years 38 years 30 years 40 years or over. Total 22,517 740 1,672 i,86o I,6S5 1,573 1,259 1,194 1,152 1,031 997 852 796 769 651 629 538 460 434 368 370 399 310 292 231 211 205 24s 204 129 163 157 145 139 120 115 77 71 63 44 47 150 3.286 7.426 8.260 7.350 5.591 5.303 5. 116 4-579 4.428 3.784 3.535 3.415 2.891 2.794 2.389 2.043 1.928 1.634 1.643 1.772 1.377 1.297 1.026 .937 .910 1.088 .906 • 573 .724 .697 .644 .617 •533 • 511 ■342 • 315 .280 .195 .209 .666 465 987 1,225 1,279 1,315 1,165 1,140 1,207 1,105 991 922 862 876 764 765 639 552 555 499 470 529 417 362 343 287 272 330 269 195 209 203 168 150 151 139 100 98 86 61 60 275 22,487 2.068 6.389 5.448 5.688 5.848 • 5. 181 5. 070 5 367 4.914 4.407 4. 100 3.833 3.896 3.397 3.402 2.842 2.455 2.468 2.219 2.090 2.353 1.854 1. 610 1.525 1.276 1. 210 1.468 1. 196 .867 .929 • 903 • 747 .667 .671 .618 • 445 • 436 .382 .271 .267 1.223 It will be noticed that the number of teachers accounted for in the two statements is not the same, the length of service in present locations of 22,517 i6o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION having been reported, while the report of total service failed to account for 30 of these teachers. This number, however, is relatively so small that it may safely be ignored in the comparison of the two sets of figures. Examining the percentage figures relating to total service, it will be seen that 23 . 5 per cent, of all the teachers had taught less than 5 years, and that 24.9 had taught between 4 and 9 years, inclusive, or 48.4 per cent, less than 10 years. Considering only present locations, 33.3 had taught less than 5 years, and 25 per cent, between 4 and 9 years, or 58.3 per cent, less than 10 years. Forty-one and seven-tenths per cent, had taiight 10 years, or more in their present locations, and two-thirds of all had taught 5 years or more in their present locations. The foregoing figures indicate that in the large cities tenure is fairly secure. The average length of service in present locations for all of these teachers was 10.3 years, while the average total length of service was 12.3 years. It thus appears that the average total teaching experience is only two years longer than that in present locations. Apparently the average teacher, after two years experience, settles down in the city which continues to be his or her permanent professional location. These figures, it will be noticed, are well in accord with those for the whole number of cities reporting, given in a previous page, which showed a total service of 1 1 . 4 years, a service in present locations of 9 . i years, and a difference of 2 . 3 years of total experience beyond that in present locations. In order to facihtate comparisons, the foregoing facts are presented also in the following table, with the years of service grouped into five- and ten-year periods : LENGTH OF SERVICE OF TEACHERS IN TWENTY-SEVEN OF THE THIRTY-NINE CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES OF loo.ooo POPULATION OR OVER Length of Service Service in Present Locations Number Per cent, of Teachers of Total Total Service Number Per cent, of Teachers of Total Less than 5 years. . . . , 5-9 years, inclusive. . 10-14 years, inclusive 15-19 years, inclusive 20-29 years, inclusive 30-39 years, inclusive 40 years or over Total 7,500 5.633 3-697 2,170 2,389 978 150 33-3 25.0 16.4 9.6 10.6 4.4 ■ 7 5.271 5.608 4.189 2.715 3.213 1,216 275 22,517 100. o 22,487 That a comparison of city with city may be made more readily two tables have been drawn up presenting service in present locations and total service for each city by five-and ten-year periods. The average years of service are also shown in these tables for each city. The two tables follow: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS i6i PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS IN TWENTY-NINE CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION OR OVER WHO HAVE TAUGHT IN THEIR PRESENT LOCA- TIONS EACH SPECIFIED NUMBER OF YEARS Number of Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Who Have Taught IN Their Present Locations — Average Years City Less than 5 years 5 to 9 Years 10 to 14 Years 15 to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 4oYears or over of Service Boston, Mass Cincinnati, O Cleveland, O Columbus, 0 Denver, Colo Detroit, Mich Fall River, Mass.... Indianapolis, Ind. . . Jersey City, N. J.... Kansas City, Mo... . Los Angeles, Calif. . Louisville, Ky Lowell, Mass Milwaukee, Wis Minneapolis, Minn. . Newark, N.J New Orleans, La... . Paterson, N. J Pittsburg, Pa Providence, R. I Rochester, N.Y.... St. Joseph, Mo St. Louis, Mo St. Paul, Minn Scranton, Pa Syracuse, N. Y Toledo, 0 2,186 978 1,500 S50 710 1,044 398 758 650 720 724 607 311 991 940 952 803 393 1,032 70s 644 267 1,881 647 375 503 494 1.374 603 31.6 30-3 293 28.2 43-5 29.4 28.9 47-2 26.2 35.6 53-2 25.0 23.8 36.7 44-3 37.8 28.6 SO. 4 32.3 30.1 14.0 49 I 30.9 34.9 19.7 27.4 3I.O 33.8 3S.7 19.9 29.4 30.9 26.9 26.9 28.2 24.4 25-1 26.0 33-2 29.7 17.8 20.9 27.0 22. 1 26.3 2S.2 26. s 29.2 28.7 26.9 17.6 19. 5 22.6 29.9 28.8 29.4 22.2 23-2 16.7 14.7 19.8 IS.9 19-3 10.8 12.3 IS.2 II. 8 19.6 16.4 17.4 17-5 II. 6 17.2 13.0 16.4 13-6 23.7 17.6 18.0 18.4 16. s 14.9 19.2 20. s 18.2 9-7 7-7 II. 7 10. 0 7.5 11. 1 9.0 7.4 II. I 10. 0 4.4 13.7 12.2 10.4 10.3 6.1 8.2 9.2 17. 1 7-1 9.9 130 ii-S 10.4 9.1 9.0 9-5 13.0 9.8 II-3 12.2 6.1 9.0 13.6 7.2 15-8 5-4 .8 14-5 16. 1 6.9 5-7 11.8 13.2 30 9.6 10.2 14.0 6.7 14.8 l-^ 18. 1 II. I 8.9 10.2 10.4 10.4 5-S 2.0 2.7 . I 2.7 6.3 2.0 7-4 .6 .1 7-7 9.0 1.4 . I 4.9 li 3-2 1.9 5.8 2.8 • 4-0 6.2 2.4 3-9 2.2 I I I I I I I I I 7 6 I 2 3 7 3 2 7 6 2 3 9 2 5 3 I I 3 2 4 8 12.7 10.6 10. 0 10.3 7-5 10. 0 11-3 7.6 12.2 7.9 5-5 13.0 13.8 8.6 7.6 9-7 12. 1 6.5 9-7 II. 0 12.9 7-7 11.7 9.6 12.2 II. 4 95 10.2 9-7 Washington, D.C... Worcester, Mass PER CENT. OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS IN TWENTY-SEVEN CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION OR OVER WHOSE TOTAL TEACHING SERVICE (REGARDLESS OF WHERE PERFORMED) HAS BEEN EACH SPECIFIED NUMBER OF YEARS Number of Teach- ers Per Cent, of Total Number of Teachers Whose Total Teaching Service Has Been — Average Years City Less than 5 Years 5 to 9 Years 16 to 14 Years 15 to 19 Years 20 to 29 Years 30 to 39 Years 40 Years or over of Service Boston, Mass Cincinnati, O Cleveland, 0 Columbus, 0 Denver, Colo Detroit, Mich Fall River, Mass. . . . Indianapolis, Ind . . . Jersey City, N.J... Los Angeles, Calif. . Louisville, Ky Lowell, Mass Milwaukee, Wis.... MinneapoHs, Minn. . Newark, N.J New Orleans, La . . . Paterson, N.J Pittsburg, Pa Providence, R. I... . Rochester, N.Y St. Joseph, Mo St. Louis, Mo St. Paul, Minn Scranton, Pa Toledo, 0. 2,186 978 1,486 534 710 1,044 398 758 650 724 607 311 991 940 952 803 393 1,032 705 644 267 1,881 647 375 494 1.374 603 20.8 13-0 21.0 18.9 10.8 23.4 26.9 27.7 25-5 24-4' 20.6 21.5 26.3 8.4 29.2 28.6 30.3 24.9 30.1 8.5 35.2 30.9 30.6 19-5 22.3 29.5 25.0 18.7 20.3 30.1 29.4 29.2 24.0 21.6 27.2 25-4 \t\ 20.6 27.9 34- 1 25-5 25.2 24.9 29.6 26.4 27.8 23.2 195 23.8 28.8 24-3 23.6 24.9 16.2 17. 1 17. 1 18. 5 22.4 20.4 17.6 19-3 II. 4 21.4 20.3 17.7 18. 1 26.3 16.9 17.2 17.8 18.0 I5-0 25-0 19. 1 18.0 16. s 16.8 20.8 21.2 19.6 12.2 11-3 12.9 14. 1 16.2 131 11. 0 II. 7 11. 2 14. 1 14-5 II. 9 15. 1 14.7 10. 0 6.7 9-7 10.7 9.6 17.9 12.7 9.9 12. 1 II. 7 13.4 9.6 12.4 17.0 22.5 14. 1 14.6 15.6 II-3 17. 1 9.9 16. 1 17.7 10. 1 14.8 12. 1 13-2 II. 7 11-5 10.6 15.8 7-5 14.8 14. 1 18.9 15. 2 II. I 12.6 II. 2 II. 9 4.1 3-2 3-2 4.2 5.8 2.5 7-1 .6 8.6 8.4 2.0 1-7 5-3 7.2 4.8 4.4 7.0 3-7 2.3 5.8 2.9 4.0 3.8 4.5 4-5 3 3 I 2 I 2 I I I I I I 9 9 7 4 3 5 3 3 3 8 2 5 0 I 9 3 3 I 3 2 5 0 15-3 16.8 II. 9 II. 9 131 II. 9 12. 1 10.4 12.7 10.3 14.0 14. 1 10.5 12.3 II .2 12. 1 10.8 II. I 11. 2 13.6 9.2 II. 7 10.7 12.5 II. 9 10. 0 II. 6 Washington, D. C... Worcester, Mass i62 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION An average length of service in present locations of 13 .8 years was reported for 311 teachers in Lowell, Mass., the longest service reported. The. shortest average was 5 . 5 years, the average for the teachers of Los Angeles, Calif. Considering total service, regardless of where performed, Cincinnati with 16.8 years leads, Boston being next with 15.3 years. The teachers youngest in the profession are those of St. Joseph, Mo., the average total teaching serv- ice being only 9.2 years. It will be noticed that for the teachers of both New Orleans, La. and St. Louis, Mo., the length of service in present locations and the length of total teaching service are given as the same; in other words, none of these teachers had ever taught in any other city. This is according to the reports received by the Bureau of Education from the superintendents of the cities in question, note being added to the effect that this was so nearly true that the figures for service in present locations practically represented total service as well. The eight tables which present the facts as to length of service in detail follow: COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 163 aaAQ -JO oV n- H 100 t •si\ 6£-9£ 10 M • r^ r^oo 'si\ S£-i£ •SJA o£ H • ir, H H 0> r^ t^ •SiA n •SiA^i fO N w O -^OO P) tfi irjvo ro Tf . 00 O 'O w rooo ^ 10 •SiA 6 •SiA^ vo N r~. w t^ in •SiAS . 00 O H r^ •SiAl' •siA£ OvvO O vooo o JB3AI O N M 10 !> O O o S s; §v •3}d3H saiJiD •ON I >3 C . S^H^^ aJvS-=^ Oii^ § ;2; •"£?r1 ^ •• t« ti ti o <-■ c_, « o 5 0^ o r" -^ rt.tn >- •SJA 9= f^/ ro P) 0 ■* H lO • CO • H * ^ ^ •SJA Ss ^ % P) H MvOTfCO(N • 0 _>o Tt H V - ^ ^ •SJA 61 . « . . 10 t H C H M •SJA 81 N H •SJA U ' a : H H M-i H •SJA 91 ' ^ H H H H •SJA Si o 00 •SJA £1 ^ M • . (N H P CO •SJA SI N W M t^ 3 r- 0 ■SJA II rO toOO 0 t^ ^J^ -O • ^ ^ : j: S •SJA 01 vO •<*■ r^oo 0 "^ ■^ 10 • ' 'oi ' ° s •SJA 6 CO "^ .0 H 0 COO 00 ■ • MVC 1^ 00 0 ■ • CO ^ H t^ •SJA 8 j>oacj^atH . Ov H pq CO P) •SJA^ ^ 5 ? a •S-«A 9 10 CO vo 000 cs co<3 • 00 cs 0 •sjaS H C 00 s g •sJAf IOOVOJOOOO>0« • a ° 0 •sja£ C>'tcoroO>-*'^>-i • N -^ o> H H •SJAS 00 ' °° ? ■^Ai t- ^t-00 lovooo 10 • 00 " ? JB3AI UBHJ ssaq ?n* ■ ^(N M MOO • H H • H CO Tt ill. r-00 CO 00 0 t-oo • ^^ a ^^^S^?^? •3jd3-a saijo -ON ooc« g' jj ^7*^2 ^ : CO CO 1 i '■■ ^•2-J •c 1 c •!7 b c 1 •c J PQ •5-^ II 0 1 w c c c 3 ;5 c ^ ? C/0 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 165 ■< m S J3AO JO Ofr . Ov H N (N N ^ :^ : :^ . M 00 t^ h . . in :p •SJA 6£-9£ •^ i"^::'^^??^^ CO . t •SiA oE 00 M lO CO • M • ■* H PI CO ■*00 r^ •SJA 62 w 10 . woo 10 t^ Ov ro r . ovP. ■ -■ W 2 CO coi^ " t M •SiA 8S - ;?--?,??! ? :--HH Tf ov >o .VO H •SJA -^3 00 • ro"^"^00 0 ■O CON M < • M ^P, • H TT N t^ • r^ 'J- •SJA 9z t^ ro fO N c V in": M • Ov H M M PI V? •S4A 53 WVO M TtmM Ovl^>0 t>. H f«1 N fO i N . NvOvO . M N ■* M PI Ov ■ H i7 •bJA *'z N •"J-TfTf Ovt^OOO M 0^ cOTt- Tf X, ? • ^-^ ^ HOO « N 00 I-l CO • H CO •SJA £= ---S-25^^ 00 • P) PI « 10 Tf ■^ 10 . • • CO =12 ■SJA Z2 °°"'^^2 2S>S,5; c p) • M N P) P» CO H H t^ • M M N I-l CO •SJA 1= lil CO H Tl-00 MOO ■* Ov M M P)0 10 "1 J P .t« OVH • CO • M CO H Tt . . M H H 00 •SJA OS VO t- (N Tt Ov H 00 M vo ■ . COOO rt- P. M 1- ^ •* t-00 cooovo PI • ? •SiA 61 ^--^^:^sss 0 • Pi •* P) M vo CO 0 -t PI H VO CO • ^ •SJA 81 "■^-^^^l^cg^^ 00 • t^ CO PI • H CO CO M M covO CO • CO H •SJA ^i ^vO-t^cOHOO^oro vO N M OvO t^ 00 ; ^ 0 w : M 10 ^ M H ; Pj w ; P) M •SJA 91 MMCOPiOOHOO-^ M t^ l-l CS 00 t^OO • 0 Ovcow • PI w 00 M VO N . (M M 0 M M r- •SJA Si u^iOHvOO 0 r^coo M Ov H fO HOO 0 ^ .VOPJ^CO CO % 0 •oiOMOO coior<- s •SJA n ^?"S?^^|8; 1 M J;*vo H Ttvo ^ 2 P> ■*■*-* CO CO 00 •SJA £1 N M 2? 2 2 •o ~o ^VOVOCOH ■* PI H ~ CO H CO PI CO MOO P< W CO w . Ov ■* 1^00 H . 10 M CO •SJA II t^cOTj- ^N TfTj-OO 0 M r^ N CO N M CO M H H W ..^..COO s; M PI PI CO 0 00 >0 P< CO PI •SJA 01 CO H i .^Ova^ p) >o CO H Ov M VO 00 M r^ 10 PI ■0 CO C •SJA 8 22 -j?^;;,^;^^ CO M H N 0 CO t^ ■* t^ CO 1/1 N COM •* M 00 10 CO COVO r^ PI PI CO M ^ •SJA^ MOO ■* H -^0 H Ov-O H N vo ly^ 10 OvOO Ov CO M 1-1 M 1 • lOvO vo M >0 lo • vO M CO H cOTfiON 52^0 00 ■ t 0 •SJA 9 rj-rorfM Oviorl-^in HW 0»Oir)NOvOv CO (V) H M 1 W OvO TfCOP) OvM 5 COVO 00 PI too 0 ■* PI M M B "^' M (N 10 CO f^'M t^ M CO H o r^ o PI . r^ • 0 lO VO vO N • • -PI % I] If COOO l~» •* P) 00 P) vo ■* P)CO vO_^OvOvrO't-* vo" CO CO CO OvOvHMHPlOt^ • H Ov CO -^VO l^VO M 8 PI Ov 0 t^ Ov COvO Ov M Ovvo 0 t^ M -t r^ Tj r- M M 00 M PI •3ld3^ S3i4!3 -ON CO H P) PI CO vO VOCOPIMM' . 0 ii Ci K 1 1 66 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • • H h 00 •SJA 6£-9£ Ov 0 £) MOO M O to P < 1^ o ■* to r - VO ■* •siA £s OOCSHINHNHM to to ^ o ■SIX Z2 00fOMrooo r-oo vo O 00 <-:. 00 c ^ ov CO • 0» H vo O " •5 • o -S Oi t^ Ov fo H vo H r^>o p o O ■ CO • »0 O t< 1 i> 1 •SJA ^i H • -"J- • H t* > to r^ o < •SJA 91 ^ *" H VO W OvhO0H 0>M .00 H ■O0C 0 00 . TJ-M OO - o to •SJA 6 •*0 t^(NOO OM300 NP o. lO to t^ 1^ Tj- H too 00 H to M csoo .o O to C V OO ■* •SJA 8 O-wOo rovo to Ov O w tOOO X >o r- H ir^vo -t H r- to •SJA^ 00 0\ J>vO to to t^ H M t< H O CO cooc to cs VO O '^ O 00 VO CNOO CNOO to<: P) P) •SIA 9 t^woOO^HvOt-MT: t^oo 00'^>-iO>P)OOC ^ 00 U-) woo H M^O ^ • VO - O •sjaS (N toOMr-r-MoO to r^vo M 00 H lO H MOC VO H " t^ u-i ••■A I MOOt^NHtO'^lOHP Cq w M w s ^ 2 ^ JE3AI 0\\0 "1 N »/ivO 00 »0 ■ ^ ■ 00 0) ■ to VO • OC 00 00 ^^ . . -0 m O to ■* r-\0 t^ r- l^ss ■) VO \0 to r^oo O to f a H^ H£§" ■ I sapo •ON 0000 OvM r-ioo r-MvC to COM .r,„ c. MOC ^ to to c/f 1 h3 I u 'c 1 C i 'E 1^ 1 §1 c 1 c(3 IP .5 t3 go^P^^^^^^^ SS^CJP^OCJ ;! ^ I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 167 B a > < X 0 s MA-O -"O °'' H t •■^1-1 to t CO 00 • t- N H H t ; ; Q CO H : H 0. ) •S.A 6£-9£ " :"j:i^^^S t» 0 N • H HI "^ -co H . H . 0 N (N • . N t •SIX S£-ie NCOHMVOlOTtOO K tON 0 M 0 00 0 ^:?- ; " 0 0 H CO • 0 0 0 •s^A o£ (N-O • t- coo toOOO .00 H CO N CO S 110 ■* • M 0 C« CO CO 1000 • 0. PI •S4A 6s fOVO ■.^-.-^^^- ^ H CO • • " H t ■ CO t- H HI 0 H •SJA 8z (N H . W Tt<^(N tOOO • 0 CO to N ^^ 0 Tt H H H ^ 0 0 ■ .0 . " CO •SiA 'iz 00 .'^"'^P^?.^ 2^ HON • t 00 • • t- ^ •SiA 9S „^H00C>00O»J0 N r- CO • • H . M H " H t ^ •SJA Sz Hit^MlHOfOrO!N-ic0(N« s H (N PI CS . t H P) 00 . H M CS H H CO •SJA iz ^'^"g>2-J??^^5- % U^H H . H t N H CO 0 0 CO 10V0M3 00 (» Ov t IN 0 rt HOOOO t^ H 0 ■0 M •* CO t- (N 0 CO H 00 0 t. t- •SJA n 000 w CM- 0 0 m yo M H 0 IT) t lO CO O CO H H H % «t CO t-00 PI 1~» »0 CO H rJ-M CO H •SJA 6 S8 COO CO t H 00 0 OvOvtH Tj-IOIOM 2 •SJA 8 H H >00 mo 00 o to Ov t -^OO PI •sjaS 00(S>OMO>OlONt- MM 00 COOO OvOO N CO H 0) f) t HI GO 'tt-tOt-H t- H H CO ? ^ •sjAt rf H (S « to OH \0 M ? 0 Ov 00 0 P< Ov ^ •sja£ 00 0 Tt-CO't^lO'^N 1-1 CO w 1000 0 rf 0 CO two-* -^vOO 0 M 0 ■ 0 0 COOO 00 H H 00 0 li? •SJA 2 f, CO 10 lOOvOOO CO CO H HI CS OvP) H Tj- ^ •*H 0 H •-"A I i/-,oo 00 'to ^ ^^ !i? r: N CS 00 "OO H Oi t- pj M H M c^ M 0 CO CO CO r- ■ OH -"t • H t- ^^^SSv?"^ : JBSAI 2^-^^^vSr^ Ov ■t N H to iO M M O •S4A 6z . M - ^ PJ l/^ •SiA 8Z H 1^ VOMW-. t-OTj-iOTtoc HI . t^ • to 0 OM3VOOM3 !^H T rfrr rr (O O •SJA 93 HI . HI 1 M HI 00 H o -^00 c> •SiA Sz ' '^ - ^ H O- . TfxnvO •SJA 1'z 00fOM(NHo lOO 0 1 •SJA li H 2 ^"^"^^i^^^^:^: 1 r^ < •SJA 91 •- HI Ov HI 00 ■ 00 Ov t^ •SJA Si o VO X HI VO O VO 1 •SJA t-i VO I> w O t^ M looo O 00 >o C •SJA £t s M VO "" toOvO N *^ O fOOO H ^ •SJA II VO ^DOO COrOOO >r, fOHO 00 O . O lOl^"! Tj- H .00 N w t^ t^ •SJA 01 Ov tN t^ NOMt^NO>Ot^O>Csr< •SJA 6 ^ ^' 2^;s *-????=§ tstNt^rOOMVOOOMr" •SJA 8 « ^ ■ r~ M M Tj- t^oo -^^J O C 00 00 U1 VO I M M M H H M H M CO •sjAt wioOMrtNt-MMr' :i « H VO ro N Ov CO 1 HiOir, COOCMHt-Tl-vC eo H 1 •sja£ HI lO 0> H CO 00 f~00 cs •^ CO H P) H H fo M CO ?.^SS.^?^IC8^u O N w O t--00 0 ^ ? •SJA z fTiOO r^^iOTj-roOiO "^C •JA I . — - o> •" M H O >O^C r-l^ OvfO . f JB3A I ^^ . . HI fO ro 1 UBqj ssaT • ■ ^il. •^ VO O 00 00 00 O r-. o ^N ■*©>« O.H Tj-fOVC 0 C 00 S«§«2 JilNMNNHMN o H H fO H HZ HSR •o •S4d3-a saiijo -ON 00 00 0> H t^ lO O t^.N vC M 1-1 1-1 N H M ro CO H U^ HI M M 00 fl CO c/i < • • ; t) (A 1 •i g 1 re c c i •c lA 1 > •| ^11 °l 1 1 go^S^^S^S^^ S^^^OP^OU ;?; ^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 169 1 0 g J3AO JO Ofr • CO CHOO PI : " (N CO H •^ Pi •SJA 65 VO N ro • r^ 00 cs . " *" CO •SJA 8= 10 . C) -00 H CO . CO PI M •siA ^5 0 H .OW 10 N N T M ^ ■siA 93 00 W to M CO " H PI CO •SJA Ss ^ CN o • '^ " •SJA 2== H " 0 " ! Ov M " •SJA 03 (s ■ (N ■* u^ 0 CO T CI \n M M r^ N M - •SJA 61 • H . .H.. ^ -. •SJA 81 r^ H (N fo fovo ^ c^ . vO C) CO •SJA ^i CO 0 H H 0, .r^^O 01 r^ CO H CO •* M CI M M Tt 0 •SJA zi •^ 0 M to w >o 'ir to 1>1 0> • H 0 H CO CI M COM ^ •SJA 11 M fOH O-^H 0 Ov>^ s ^o^»- M PI -^ Ov •SJA 01 ^1010 fOOOO ^ CO^M. M •SJA 6 N M ■t lil -t 000 H fO H H 1-1 IN 0 N M . C< 00 •SJA 8 M fO CO H ^ 00 0 CO ovO CO (N H Ov M 00 VOM N CI ■^ PI W Ov •sjAfr w ro M\0 t-l^OO 0 H CO H N fO •r> M H (N CO W H ■^ 0 •SJA 5 J^ 00 OvOvO H CO 10 VO t^t-MMl^t^Tt. CO •■«Ai Tj-IOM N Tfu^OOO fO iri fO N fO CO t^^O M Ov CO M VO TJ- ^M M N M COVO M % JB3AI . e, H H H r^ M H M M . . W 00 • • >o 2"^ : : : " : : ^ Total No. of Teach- ers Ac- counted for W ^ 'tOOOO Ov>0 fO 0\ H W ^ OvvO c« cot-co ^ •3jd3H saijtD ON CO H fO 0 't S ^^-tCCSCU^H M M 1 0 ; 4 • IE ill \\ 5)2 ll Jll III 1) 0 H > 1^ III J ,1 1 'c 1 5^ 1 SI W c H 4. '3 i E < 1 1 I h < h lyo NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION B > < m S a3AO JO ot' H f M . 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CO ■."a H Dist. of Colimibia. Virginia West Virginia .... North Carolina ... 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't 100 o_ q^ -^ ■^ ■* •^ rT 4 10 ■* 61 "t hT o^o »o OCOHCO'tOl-lOvl-lMM lOCO-t-HMCOMMCMHCM I ■f >o r^ CO P) 00 0> 000 \0 00 "t ' I Ovn H T)-TtOvt^r-cocM OOO. 1^ COM3 "_ 9, ^ t^ ■* <^_ q q^ (N CO F vo d" CO 10 cS d" o" cm" p) vo H 00" ' I \0 O M too r^ M M t-- o •^00 ' icmcowcomhmowmwcmi 176 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 0 OO^MM -rOfONOO • -Oi^Pi -tOiowinOvt- -O -HVO .uiiol o J3AO •><> 0'' § •s^A 6£-9£ .« .« . .H. H .. H 1 M 0» -^OO t^ M I^vO 0> t^ HI M OOC W •MOWJ^O'^Hr^OvHOOCXJMOO 0 •SJA S£-i£ o (/! •siA oe N 1 s •siA 6s '^ \0 ■* O -^ ** 't o> t^ 0>0t^ •CON'^HCOCOCO o p •SJA -is N H •H .^ H 1 naOHO-^HCOOOv -HHcOcOcOt-l »o •SJA 9S H vo t^ t^ ^ 1> 10 OnO .wOtOfOfOvOO -00 rOO . H iriTT 10 fOOO W o 1^ •SJA Ss Id r- HO OvO N t^Tj-fOo • vo u^vO Tj- 0 H W t^ U^ t- (N CO OM-VO fO ^VO -■co ■ •SJA *'s MHHHMM- M M M O00':l--*-*J^0>o0t«0 ■N'^cou^HrOMOOvOOO -OtMOvOOOOO 1 •s^A £= loioo M u^Moooo oviop) c/5tH t-Trn r- t m aoo ^ •SJA oz Tf 0 fO >r,oo OOM300vno>(NinOO>JOHvOTTNUiOHM0 nvO •*>0 '^N Nf-M fO-^a^TMOO H -^w O w p ^ •S4A /I ■* HOMt^HrOMHio OvOO r-(N00^O 00<5 fO(N tJ-h aoo OXN M 00 00 UIHCO HMHHM H NNHM (NHM MH „H(SH u § > < •SJA 91 t- O <0(N iTicOM Oit^P) H^OvO OOO 'tOi »0\0 MroONMO^i-'OM o o> 0 •SJA Si ^ NH0>O0Nr^0t^C0MOt^O>-o0i^0 OvO •^ :3 p^ •SIA t'l o O t lO I^ H >/1 lOvO t-HCOOtOTi-fOHvOvOlNOt^O fOOO 0 r- H » >0 So ■SJA £1 o TTPitNOOtO'^Ni'it^MOOOfO io\0 t^OM i^mOvi>0»r~P) t^OvOvO> 1?> coo HNTj-HHHHH^l -^COHNHNHW OOHHWHl/^M % w e^ ^ go •SJA SI t~ TTvO X vO H r- Ov uosO H 00 0>vO OO Ht^Ov'^H >^ cOOO ■* >ovO COO t^iowiOM N rri^coooo O O Ht--H h mo 00 H •SJA 01 ir, o/ipo % CO &H •SJA 6 'i ^? 0 p^ •SJA 8 H r~-t^N 0) Ht^N rOlOO H N OO O'^t^HOOf^N I^O PI CO 0\ N H <: •SJA^ O t^OO CO-*>OP) •^M iniOH H ■^CO'^'^CS lO-^COH f^N M COCNO CO '^ H ^ •SJA 9 H « %, •sjaS r^ cooo (s •* t- ts -too o»oHHioiot^ioco^(Nco hcscococoi>oiotH Tf o O 00 • O • r^ . h ir, . r-o oo ^ l> h .n JB3AI w uEin ssg-;! CJ O 00 O O O 200 00 O O Tj-r^H H o c< cococn ir>Ttt^H r-.iocoTj-- •gO^^^u H CMO m r- O CO r^O t^ r-O co O » OOC co O t^O N oo O co "i ^ coo t^ Pi o6S^§>2 N H H H H H C/5 H^t^Sg cs O O^ 0> '^ "^^ O O'^O'*'*"^'^'^ ^^ c^Ot^r--5j-cN O O •*« coh (i^ 3S 0 0 4pr'«f>o4a'=}-H d coo to o" cs ^ »-- d CO lo d d o' j 1 ■is 11 I. ■11 1 1 111? 11 •If 1 41 Jl CC p. "c e 1 < I c 6e t tu a t HHI- -.^^ 3^ ^ Ssz^soJe ^ c pi 5= intr C> U COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 177 PENSIONS OF TEACHERS The investigations of the sub-committee on pensions have resulted in little beyond estabhshing the fact, that hardly a beginning has as yet been made in the United States, toward creating a system of pensions for teachers. In making this statement the committee desires to emphasize the dis- tinction between a pension system properly so called, and all the various schemes of mutual aid, including retirement funds and old age stipends, that have been organized, and are maintained primarily by the teachers themselves, and at their own expense. In this matter the United States, which might have been expected to go far in advance of other countries if the general interest in public-school educa- tion alone 'had been made the basis of prediction, has in reahty fallen behind. In Great Britain, as long ago as 1839, the necessity of some provision for the old age of the teaching body was recognized in public discussion, and in 1840 a scheme of retiring allowances was adopted by the government, for teachers in the elementary schools. This provision was continued until 1862, when temporarily it was dropped. It was partially revived in 1874. Between 1870 and 1896 four bills for the pensioning of teachers were intro- duced in the House of Commons, all of which failed of enactment. In 1898, however, a law was passed, which provides a superannuation allowance, payable to teachers that have attained the age of 65 years, when retirement is in most instances compulsory. The allowance is made up partly by an annuity purchased by small sums — £^ for a man and £2 for a woman — deducted annually from each teacher's salary, and partly by a state pension, calculated according to the years of actual service performed by the teacher. A young man entering the service at 21 years of age would receive a pension of at least $330 annually, and a woman teacher under the same circumstances would receive from $225 to $250. The law provides also for teachers who, from ill health, are com- pelled to relinquish their work at an earlier age than 65. This is called a "disablement allowance," and the amount is calculated on the number of years of completed service up to the date of the teacher's "break down." Thus, for a man who commenced teaching at the age of 21, and was compelled to retire from work at 55 years of age, the "disable- ment allowance" would be $220, and for a woman $155. The law is applicable to Scot- land as well as to England and Wales, (a) a Report of the Commissioner of Education, for 1898-99, page 24. Even more satisfactory is the provision made for teachers under the laws of France. As members of the civil service, teachers are carried on the pension list and may demand their retirement at 55 years of age if they have twenty-five years' service to their credit. The years passed in the normal school after the student reaches 20 years of age count toward the pension. The rate of pension is based on the average of the teachers' salary for the last six years. For twenty-five years' service the pension is reckoned at 50 'per cent, of the average, with one-fiftieth for every year's extra service. The pension can not be lower than 600 francs ($120) per annum for men and 500 francs ($100) for women. (6) h Report of the Commissioner of Education, for 1902, page 712. 178 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The annual appropriations for pensions in France have not hitherto been adequate to retire teachers advanced in years, as rapidly as is desirable in the interest of that efficiency that is secured by the due promotion of the younger teachers. There is no commonwealth in the United States in which public -school teachers of all cities and counties are by provision of law pensioned upon retirement, out of pubHc funds. In the state of Maryland, certain teachers, under specified conditions, may be pensioned from the public revenues. The provisions of the law of 1902 are as follows: Whenever any person in this state has taught in any of the pubHc or normal schools thereof twenty-five years, and has reached the age of ^xty years, and his or her record as such teacher has been without reproach, and by reason of physical or mental disability or infirmity is unable to teach longer, the said teacher may lay his or her case before the state board of education, and the said board shall proceed to consider the same, and if the facts are found as above stated, the said teacher shall be placed upon a list, a record of which shall be kept by the said board, to be known as the " teachers' retired list" and the names upon said "teachers' retired list" shall be regularly certified by said board to the comp- troller of the treasury of this state, and every person so placed upon the said "retired list" shall be entitled to receive a pension from this state of two hundred dollars per annum, to be paid quarterly by the treasurer of this state upon the warrant of the comptroller. In the state of New York a contribution to the retirement fund for the teachers of the city of New York is made from the public funds, consisting of five per cent, annually of all excise moneys, or fees from licenses to sell strong or spirituous liquors. Of schemes for providing retirement funds wholly or in part from contri- butions made by teachers, there have been, or now are, three distinct varieties. The first two have been established under authority conferred by state laws. The third is purely voluntary. Under the first plan a percentage of salary has been withheld and paid into the retirement fund. This plan was put into operation seven years ago in Ohio. The city teachers of Toledo fought this law in the courts until it was pronounced unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. A similar provision has been declared unconstitutional in Minnesota as regards Minneapolis. The second plan, which avoids the constitutional doubtfulness of the first, provides for the creation of a fund from fines, donations, and miscella- neous sources, and from contributions voluntarily made by teachers expecting to be beneficiaries. Laws authorizing this plan for all the cities and counties of the state, now exist in New Jersey, Ohio, and California; and applying to cities of 100,000 population or more, in Illinois. In Illinois, however, fines are not included. Applying to the city of Boston, they have been enacted in Massachusetts; applying to the city of Providence, in Rhode Island; and applying to certain cities, in New York and in Michigan. A purely voluntary arrangement is reported by the Superintendent of Schools at Harrisburg as follows: "Teachers maintain a voluntary pension COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 179 or annuity fund for their own relief when compelled to retire. This receives no assistance from the board." A somewhat similar arrangement is reported from Norwich, Connecticut. Following are some of the more important provisions of state laws. MASSACHUSETTS The law of Massachusetts contains the following provisions: A teachers' retirement fund shall be created in the city of Boston, which shall consist of (a) a permanent fund, made up of gifts and legacies specifically given to said permanent fund, and a sum set apart by the board of trustees; (b) a general fund, made up of gifts and legacies not specifically given to said permanent fund, amounts retained from the salaries of teachers under the provisions of this act, and the interest derived from said permanent fund. The general fund may be drawn upon for the purposes of this act. Section VI. The city treasurer upon vote of the board of trustees, shall pay out of said retirement fund, in monthly payments, such an annuity to any teacher who shall retire or be discharged from the service of the city as the fund will allow, and said board of trustees shall determine, but in no case shall a teacher receive such annuity unless said teacher has taught for thirty years, and for at least ten years in the pubHc day schools of the city of Boston, except as hereinafter provided. Section VII. The city treasurer, upon a vote of the board of trustees, shall pay out of the retirement fund, in monthly payments, such an annuity to any teacher who has taught not less than two years in the city of Boston, although less than thirty years in the aggregate, as the fund will allow and said board of trustees shall determine, if such teacher has become incapacitated for teaching and has been discharged from the service of the city of Boston: Provided, That a certificate of such incapacity be furnished by the attending physician and by a physician employed by the board of trustees: And further provided, That the annuity shall cease when the incapacity ceases. Section VIII. All annuities shall be uniform in amount whether the annuitants are retired under the provisions of section six or of section seven, except as provided in section nine of this act. Section IX. No annuity shall be paid to any teacher until such teacher shall contribute, or has contributed, to the general fund a sum equal to all the assessments for thirty years, to wit, five hundred and forty dollars. Section X. Any teacher .... who shall retire from the service of the city of Boston, not being in receipt of an annuity shall .... receive one-half of the total amount paid by such teacher into said fund. NEW YORK The law passed by the New York State legislature in 1902, with reference to a retirement fund in Poughkeepsie, provides that the fund be composed of (i) all money, pay, compensation, or salary, or any part thereof, forfeited, deducted, or withheld for or on account of absence from duty for any cause; (2) all moneys received from donations, legacies, gifts, bequests; (3) 2 per cent, of the salaries paid each month. The law creating a retirement fund in Greater New York designates as sources of this fund (i) money forfeited or withheld for absence from duty; (2) all moneys received from donations, legacies, gifts; (3) 5 per cent, annually of all excise moneys or fees from licenses to sell strong or spirituous liquors. Nothing is said of a regular contribution on the part of the teachers. The amount of annuity is fixed at one-half of the teacher's salary at the l8o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION date of retirement, provided it does not exceed $i,ooo in the case of a teacher and $1,500 in the case of a principal or superintendent, nor shall any annuity fall below $600. NEW JERSEY This state makes provision for the retirement of teachers, in Article XXVII of its school law. The essential features of the law are as follows: A board of trustees of the teachers' retirement fund is created, which board admin- isters the fund, and pays annuities according to the following provisions: Whenever any teacher shall have taught in the public schools .... for a period or periods aggregating twenty years or more, and shall have become incapacitated from earning a sufficient livelihood, such teacher shall at his or her request, and on the approval of the aforesaid board of trustees, be retired as a teacher, and shall receive an annuity out of the fund .... equal to one-half of the average annual salary received by such teacher for the five years immediately preceding the time of retirement : Provided, however, That no annuity shall be less than two hundred and fifty dollars nor more than six hundred dollars: Provided, further, That no teacher shall be retired under the provisions of this article unless he or she shall have first paid into said fund such sum as shall make his or her total payments into said fund equal to at least twenty per centum of his or her average annual salary for the five years immediately preceding the time of such retirement. The retirement fund herein provided for shall be made up as follows: 1 . One per centum of the monthly salaries of all teachers upon whom this act shall have become binding by its terms prior to January first, one thousand nine hundred and three; one per centum of the monthly salaries of all teachers who shall become members of said fund on or after January first, one thousand nine hundred and three, and who shall have been teaching ten years or less at the time of becoming members of said fund; two per centum of the monthly salaries of all teachers who shall become members of said fund on or after said date, and who shall have been teaching more than ten years at the time of becoming members of said fund: Provided, That on or after said date no person who shall have been teaching more than fifteen years shall become a member of said fund unless he or she shall have passed a satisfactory medical examination under such rules Us the board of trustees may prescribe : And provided, further, That a teacher, now a mem- ber of said fund, shall not be required to pay more than one per centum of his or her salary by reason of the fact that he or she has been teaching more than ten years 2. One per centum of all annuities paid under the provisions of this article, which shall be deducted and withheld from each payment made to any annuitant. 3. All moneys and property received by donation, legacy, gift, bequest, devise, or otherwise, for or on account of said fund. 4. All interest on investments and other moneys which may be duly and legally raised for the increase of said fund. OHIO The new school code of Ohio, passed April 25, 1904, contains the follow- ing provisions : Any board which has created or shall hereafter create a teachers' pension fund shall pay into such fund all deductions, fines, penalties, and assessments made against teachers or other employees of the board. Such board may also pay to such pension fund, not to exceed 2 per cent, of the amount raised by the board from taxation. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS l8l ILLINOIS On May ii, 1901, the law of 1895, which provided for a pension fund, was amended as follows: That the board of education in cities having a population exceeding 100,000 inhabi- tants, shall hdve power and it shall be the duty of said board, to create a public school teachers' and public school employees' pension and retirement fund, and for that purpose shall set apart the following money, to wit: (i) An amount not exceeding one per cent, per annum of the respective salaries paid to teachers and school employees elected by such board of education, which amount shall be deducted in equal installments from the said salaries at the regular time for the payment of such salaries; (2) All moneys received from donations, legacies, gifts, bequests, or otherwise, on account of said fund. (3) All moneys which may be derived from any and all sources: Provided, however, That no tax shall ever be levied for said fund; (4) Any pubhc school teacher or public school employee, a part of whose salary is now or may hereafter be set apart to provide for the fund herein created by this act, may be released from the necessities of making further payments to said fund by fihng a written notice of his or her desire to withdraw from complying with the provisions of this act with said board of trustees, which said resignation shall operate and go into effect immediately upon its receipt by said board of trustees. CALIFORNIA In California an act entitled "An act to create and administer a public school teachers' annuity and retirement fund in the several counties, and cities and counties in the state" was passed in 1895. It was amended in 1897 and in 1901. This act creates a permanent and an annuity fund. Teachers become contributors to these funds and beneficiaries by formally signing an agree- ment. The benefits accrue to agreeing teachers that have served for thirty years in the schools of the state. Some of the actual arrangements in force, under the provisions of state law supplemented by voluntary co-operation, are thus reported by the United States Commissioner of Education. Voluntary mutual benefit associations for temporary aid only, exist in Baltimore, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Buffalo, San Francisco, and St. Paul, and there is one interstate association. These call for one- to two-dollar initiation fee, and one dollar to five dollars annual dues. Special assessments of one dollar are made in some cases. Benefits in sickness range from 50 cents a day to $10 a week; at death funeral expenses only are paid in some instances, and in others a sum equal to one dollar from each member of the association. Associations for annuity, or retirement fund only, are in New York, Boston, and Baltimore, and there is an annuity guild in Massachusetts. The initiation fees reported are three to five dollars. The annual dues are one to one and one-half per cent, of salary up to $18 or $20. The annuity is from 60 per cent, of salary to $600 a year. Time of service required for retirement is from two to five years with disability, or from thirty-five to forty years without disability. Associations for both temporary aid and annuity exist in Hamilton County, Ohio (Cincinnati), Philadelphia, Brooklyn, and the District of Columbia. Initiation fee $1 to $10; annual dues, $5 to $40. Annuity $5 a week to $600 per year, and $100 for funeral expenses in case of death. Temporary aid during illness, $5 or $6 per week. Time of service required for retirement is two to five years with disability, or thirty -five to forty years without disabiUty. I §2 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION To what extent all these plans now in operation in the United States amount to a true pension system, is indicated in the following statement, including details of the more important experiments, submitted by Miss Cath- erine Goggin, to whom the investigation of this particular point was assigned. There are but three cities in the country that have anything that can be justly termed a pension system; New York city, Detroit, and San Francisco. There are several other cities which have something termed incorrectly pensions but which are purely retirement funds, provided entirely through deductions from salaries of teachers. In this list are included Chicago, Boston, Charleston, S. C, and Jersey City. There is in Norwich, Conn, something known as an annuity guild which, from the data furnished, seems to be a purely voluntary arrangement, not under the protection of a state law. There was a retirement fund in Toledo and one in Minneapolis, both of which existed through the rule of the board of education, but were declared illegal and unconstitutional by the courts. Philadelphia has a charity fund known as the Elkins Fund, consisting of one million dollars, which provides for the care of superannuated and indigent teachers. Chicago has a fund made up of gifts, legacies, and one per cent, of salaries. It is administered by the board of education, two trustees elected by contributors, and the superintendent of schools ex-officio. The term of service is twenty years for women, and twenty-five years for men; three-fifths of which must have been within the municipality. Teachers may retire voluntarily or be retired by the board of education on completing the term of service required. The amount of the annuity is half salary, provided it does not exceed $600. The law is optional since the session of the legislature in igoi. When first enacted it was compulsory on all teachers. If the fund is not sufficient to pay the full annuity, the law provides for a proportionate prorating of all annuities. Detroit has a permanent fund consisting of gifts, legacies, etc.; moneys appropriated by the board of education or raised by approval of the common council and board of estimates ;v tuition fees of non-resident pupils; interest on daily balances of moneys appro- priated for teachers' salaries; moneys which trustees of retirement fund may transfer from the great fund. Interest on this fund must be turned over to the general fund and used in payment of annuities. No other portion of the permanent fund may be so used. The general fund consists of deductions from salaries of teachers, not less than one per cent, nor more than three per cent. ; no deduction made on a basis of more than $1,000; income from interest of said general fund; all moneys deducted from teachers' salaries for absence or for any cause ; all moneys intended for the retirement fund and not left specifically to the permanent fund. The board of trustees consists of the president of the board of education, the president pro tern of the board of education, the chairman of the committee on teachers and schools, of the board of education; the superintendent of city schools, and three teachers in the city schools elected from contributors to the retirement fund by ballot, as the board of trustees shall prescribe, for a term of three years, one teacher being elected each year. The funds are in the hands of the treasurer of the board of education. The amount to be deducted from salaries is determined by the board of education on the recommendation of board of trustees. The permanent fund is administed and invested by the board of education in the name of the board of trustees. The board of trustees may provide for donors to the permanent fund an honorary membership on board without power to vote. In case of the discontinuance of the retirement fund all moneys appropriated therefor from funds of the board of education (tuition of non-resident pupils, deductions for absence, and interest on salary fund) revert to the teachers' salary fund. When the permanent fund has reached $100,000 no funds may be added to it from deductions for absence or interest on salary fund except by a two-thirds vote of the board of education COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 183 The term of service entitling to pension is thirty years, of which twenty years must be in Detroit, or twenty-five years in schools of Detroit render a teacher eligible on applica- tion. Teachers incapacitated for duty, having taught twenty years, ten in Detroit, may be retired by a two-thirds vote of the board of trustees. Teachers who resign or are removed for cause, may apply after three months for such a portion of money contributed by them as the trustees shall direct to be paid, not to exceed one-half of their contributions. Annuities are not to exceed $250. Current expenses of the board of trustees are paid from a mainte- nance fund of the board of education. In Jersey City the state retirement fund, is supported entirely by percentage contri- butions from the salaries of teachers who are members. The annuity is half of the average salary earned during the last five years of service, but cannot exceed $600. Any teacher who has taught forty years, or more, in any one school district of the state of New Jersey, must be retired by that district, should he or she apply for retirement. The annuity in this case is one-half of the last annual salary paid. The Charleston, S. C, fund is composed of one per cent, of salaries. The annuity must not exceed $250 per year and is given only to teachers whose circumstances are such as to make it imperative that outside aid be given them. New York city's fund is invested by the city comptroller and is administered by the board of education. The fund is composed of moneys deducted for absence, gifts, etc., five per cent, of excise moneys, and from* any other source legally provided for increasing the fund. The term of service is thirty years, twenty of them in New York city. Teachers are retired for physical or mental incapacity, on recommendation of the superintendent and a two-thirds vote of the board. Any teacher sixty-five years of age, having taught thirty years, twenty in New York city, may be retired at the discretion of the board. The law is amended to include normal college teachers and teachers and supervisors in institu- tions controlled by the departments of public charities and correction. The term of service necessary for normal teachers, is ten years in New York, and thirty years aggregate service. The amount of the annuity is one-half salary at date of retirement, not to exceed $1,000 for a teacher, $1,500 for a principal, and $2,000 for a supervisor. No annuity may be less than $600. The board has power to use both the principal and the income of the fund. In San Francisco, the fund consists of assessments of $12 per year deducted from the salaries of day teachers and $6 per year from the salaries of evening-school teachers receiving less than $50 per month; gifts, and legacies, and not less than half of the sums forfeited by absence. The permanent fund is composed of 25 per cent, of all moneys from these sources to the amount of $50,000 and of all gifts specifically bequeathed. The fund is administered by a commission consisting of the mayor, the superintendent of schools, and the county treasurer who report biennially to the supervisors. The retirement committee consists of five teachers, one at least from primary, and one from grammar schools, elected for three years. The term of service is thirty years, with thirty years assessments. The amount of annuity is $50 per month. A proportionate annuity is paid to incapacitated teachers who have been contributors for at least five years. The annuity is suspended on return to pubHc-school teaching, or when incapacity ceases, and if the annuitant has received a sum which has reimbursed for his or her contributions. There is a provision for pro rating. Necessary expenses are paid from the fund. All annuities cease if the annuitant returns to the profession of teaching. The Boston Teachers' Retirement Fund Association was organized under an act of the general court of the state of Massachusetts approved in April 1900. There is a permanent fund made up of gifts and legacies specially given to it, and a sum set apart by the board of trustees. There is also a general fund, made up of all gifts and legacies not specifically given to the permanent fund, together with the interest of the permanent fund and amounts retained for the purpose from teachers' salaries. There is no provision for drawing from the permanent fund. The board of trustees consists of the superintendent of schools ex-officio, three female and three male teachers selected by the teachers of 1 84 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Boston, and four members of the school committee elected by the school committee. One male and one female teacher are elected annually for a three years' term, and two members of the school committee are elected annually for a two years' term. All these trustees serve without compensation, but necessary expenses are paid from the general fund on approval of the board of trustees. The city treasurer is custodian of the funds, making payments therefrom under the direction of the board of trustees. He is compensated for clerical services as determined by the board of trustees, this compensation not to exceed $1,500 per year, appropriated by the school committee of the city of Boston. The sum reserved from teachers' salaries is $3 each alternate month. The term of service is thirty years, ten in the Boston schools. The amount of annuities is determined by the board of trustees as the fund will allow. The annuity for 1904 is $180 in monthly payments of $15 each. Teachers temporarily incapacitated, having taught not less than two years in Boston, may be paid such an annuity as the trustees determine, and the fund will allow, if dis- charged for such incapacity, provided that physicians' certificates are furnished. The annuity ceases when incapacity ceases. Such annuities are uniform in amount with other annuities. No annuity is payable until a teacher has contributed $540 to the fund, being assessments for thirty years, except in cases of incapacity, where the board may make such payment as necessity may require. Teachers who have contributed for more than too years may on retiring without annuity receive one-half of the amount paid by them into the fund. The act is mandatory upon all teachers entering the service after it takes effect and upon such others as may elect to come under its provisions. Principals, supervisors, superintendent, and all instructors are classed under the head of teachers. GENERAL TABLES OF SALARIES IN DETAIL In the general tables giving the salaries of teachers in the various cities and towns of 8,000 population or over in detail, the cities and towns are arranged in the order of population running from the largest to the smallest. In order to assist in finding the cities in the tables, the following list has been prepared in which the cities are arranged in alphabetical order of states and the relative rank of each city according to population is also given, this also indicating the numerical position of the cities in the general tables. CITIES AND TOWNS WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 OR OVER, BY STATES, WITH RELA- TIVE RANK ACCORDING TO POPULATION Cities and Towns Population Rank IN Popu- lation Cities and Towns Population Rank IN Popu- lation Alabama— 9695 42,087 8,068 40686 32,884 8,713 12,121 9,973 42,036 11,958 447 95 541 102 5^8 389 439 96 397 California — Alameda 18,054 16,400 12,965 116,420 70,386 9,117 30,152 18,420 355,919 22,532 18,430 259 280 366 Berkeley Huntsville Fresno Mobile Los Angeles Oakland 4!^ 146 256 Selma Pasadena ABTrAi>j<;A<; — San Diego TTrirt Smith San Francisco 20s 25s Little Rock Stockton Pine Bluff COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 185 .CITIES AND TOWNS WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 OR OVER, BY STATES WITH RELA- TIVE RANK ACCOADl.\G TO POPULATION -Co«/znMe(f Cities and Towns Population Rank Popu- lation Cities and Towns Population Rank Popu- lation Colorado — Colorado Springs Cripple Creek . . . Denver Leadville Pueblo Connecticut — Ansonia Bridgeport Danbury Greenwich Hartford Manchester Meriden Middletown Naugatuck New Britain New Haven New London Norwich Stamford Stonington Torrington Waterbury Willimantic Delaware — Wilmington D. C— Washington Florida — Jacksonville Key West Pensacola Tampa Georgia — Athens Atlanta Augusta Brunswick Columbus Macon Savannah Illinois — Alton , Aurora Belleville Bloomington Cairo Champaign Chicago Danville Decatur East St. Louis... Elgin Evanston Freeport Galesburg Jacksonville Joliet Kankakee Kewanee Lasalle Lincoln Mattoon Moline Ottawa Pekin Peoria Quincy 24 092 7 000 144 S88 13 076 29.237 13383 77635 1(1,531 12.172 87.836 11,315 25088 9,589 11837 28 506 114 600 18685 19 081 16.798 8.540 8.360 56 521 8,937 81,300 293,217 31,798 16.823 19547 18,932 10,728 96 550 41283 9081 17,707 23 431 64.562 15386 25485 18,120 24 276 13 238 9 098 [,873880 17-749 22 736 34007 23816 21,104 14 966 8382 10 623 8962 9 622 18.553 10888 8,420 62.094 37680 185 547 26 361 151 353 53 278 386 47 413 173 455 401 153 31 249 245 272 516 529 72 498 136 271 239 246 429 42 99 261 192 63 296 170 258 ,183 357 489 2 260 202 128 188 215 328 237 292 143 303 527 432 497 452 25 422 526 6S 113 I llino is— ( Concluded) Rockford Rock Island Springfield Streator Waukegan Indiana — Anderson Columbus Elkhart Elwood Evansville Fort Wayne Hammond Huntington Indianapolis Jefferson ville Kokomo Lafayette Logansport Marion Michigan City Muncie New Albany Peru Richmond South Bend Terre Haute Vincennes Wabash Washington Iowa — Boone Burlington Cedar Rapids Clinton Council Bluffs Davenport Des Moines Dubuque Fort Dodge Fort Madison Keokuk Marshalltown Muscatine Oskaloosa Ottumwa Sioux City Waterloo Kansas — Atchison Emporia Fort Scott Galena Hutchinson Kansas City Lawrence Leavenworth Pittsburg Topeka Wichita Kentucky — Bowling Green.. . . Covington Frankfort Henderson Lexington Louisville Newport Owensboro Paducah 33,361 21,251 36 211 14.880 9,426 23,010 8,130 16.330 13 397 61 482 48031 14258 9491 191 033 10 807 11 314 18.677 17.068 19 908 16,071 24.492 20.499 8,463 18,712 40327 38.611 10,669 8.618 8,551 880 393 948 370 171 768 754 094 539 9278 14803 12 633 14 859 9 212 19457 31.701 15 034 16.250 8.223 9836 12,378 9 379 55 348 1-123 21.026 11,138 35388 24.917 8,226 44,759 9.487 10,704 27.809 215,402 29315 138 20 955 129 214 121 306 470 198 538 281 352 66 85 325 460 20 426 414 250 269 233 285 178 222 521 248 103 108 431 512 S14 503 193 15s 194 152 112 62 III 322 480 310 375 308 483 240 138 301 282 535 441 382 474 77 410 216 417 125 17s 534 88 462 430 156 18 149 342 i86 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION CITIES AND TOWNS WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 OR OVER, BY STATES, WITH RELA- TIVE RANK ACCORDING TO POPULATION— CoM/wwerf Cities and Towns Population Rank Popu- lation Cities and Towns Population Rank IN Popu- lation Louisiana — Baton Rouge. New Orleans. Shreveport. . . Maine — Auburn — Augusta. . . Bangor. . . Bath Biddeford. Lewiston.. Portland.. Rockland. Waterville. Maryland — Annapolis . . . Baltimore. . . Cumberland. Frederick. . . Hagerstown. Mass achusetts — Adams Amesbury Arlington Attleboro Beverly Boston Brockton Brookline Cambridge Chelsea Chicopee Clinton Dan vers Everett Fall River Fitchburg Framingham . . Gardner Gloucester. . . . Haverhill Holyoke Hyde Park.... Lawrence Leominster.. . . Lowell Lynn Maiden Marlboro Medford Melrose Milford Natick New Bedford. Newburyport. Newton , North Adams. Northampton. Peabody Pittsfield Plymouth. ... Quincy Revere Salem Somerville Southbridge. . Springfield . . . Taunton Wakefield.... Waltham Ware Watertown. .. 11.506 300625 16,922 13.461 12 031 22 675 II 002 16,655 24379 52 656 8.150 9.477 8.525 531 313 18448 9 296 14632 11,710 9 473 8603 12 463 14 802 594618 43873 22 284 98 444 35 920 20 703 14639 8542 28.3 114 004 34378 11,920 11-530 26.562 38987 48,736 14,159 67.932 13928 100,150 72 350 36853 13 549 20.39S 14 294 12,156 9488 6895 14,637 36.350 26,519 19,738 11,934 23,113 9 592 26 053 11,814 37504 68 090 10 736 67423 32 713 9 290 249 8263 9,706 409 14 270 351 393 203 421 275 179 81 537 463 519 6 254 478 319 405 464 513 380 31 5 92 208 41 124 220 316 515 154 33 126 400 408 160 107 83 330 60 338 39 56 116 347 225 324 386 461 58 317 120 162 235 399 195 453 165 403 114 59 428 6 132 479 176 53 445 Massachusetts — (Concl' d) Webster Westfield Weymouth Woburn Worcester Michigan — Adrian Alpena Ann Arbor Battle Creek Bay City Detroit Escanaba Flint Grand Rapids. . . Iron Mountain.. . Iron wood Ishpeming Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing Manistee Marquette Menominee Muskegon Owosso Pontiac. . , Port Huron Saginaw Sault Ste. Marie. Traverse City West Bay City... Minnesota — Duluth Mankato.. . Minneapoli St. Cloud.. St. Paul.... Stillwater. . Winona. . . . Mississippi — Meridian.. Natchez. . . Vicksburg. Missouri — Carthage Hannibal Jefferson City. Joplin Kansas City. . Moberly St. Joseph St. Louis Sedalia Springfield. . . Webb City. . . Montana — Anaconda Butte Great Falls.... Helena Nebraska — Lincoln Omaha South Omaha. New Hampshire- Berlin Concord 8,804 13,063 11,462 14,482 128,552 9654 II 958 16.033 20. 1 74 27 565 309 653 9 549 14,093 91 630 9 242 9705 13873 26 494 26 252 17499 14695 10 328 13475 20 254 8696 9 769 20 962 41,151 11 972 9407 13,161 57,397 II. 127 214 112 8663 172.038 12 636 20,167 15079 12843 15,272 9,416 12 756 9 664 30847 173 064 8,012 110,479 612,279 15 579 23693 9,20 9453 36,127 18215 13,770 44,243 113 361 31,383 506 362 411 323 29 450 398 288 227 157 13 456 332 46 481 446 340 163 164 266 313 436 350 226 509 443 217 100 396 472 359 70 418 19 511 23 374 238 299 367 471 37^ 449 142 22 546 37 4 293 190 484 466 122 257 344 90 35 141 502 224 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 187 CITIES AND TOWNS WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 OR OVER, BY STATES, WITH RELA- TIVE RANK ACCORDING TO i'OPULATlON— Continued Cities and Towns Population Rank Popu- lation Cities and Towns Population Rank IN Popu- lation NewHampshire — (Concl'd) Dover Keene Laconia Manchester Nashua Portsmouth Rochester New Jersey — Atlantic City Bayonne Bloomfield Bridgeton Camden East Orange Elizabeth . Hackensack Harrison Hoboken Jersey City Kearney Long Branch Millville Montclair Morristown Newark New Brunswick Orange Passaic Paterson Perth Amboy Phillipsburg Plainfield Trenton Union West Hoboken...."!.!.. New York — Albany Amsterdam Auburn ! . . Batavia Binghamton Buffalo ! . . Cohoes Corning Cortland ! ! ! . . Dunkirk ! ! . . EJmira ! ! . . Geneva ! . . Glens Falls., !..!.. Gloversville '. Hornellsville Hudson Ithaca ! . . Jamestown Johnstown ! . . Kingston ! . . Lansingburg ! . . Little Falls Lockport Middletown ! . . Mt. Vernon ! . . Newburg ! . . New Rochelle... !!!!!. . New York Niagara Falls...! !!!!.. North Tonawanda Ogdensburg Olean Oswego Peekskill Plattsburg Port Jervis 13,333 354 9 165 487 8042 544 60845 67 25 275 172 10880 423 8,466 520 33272 130 36829 117 9668 448 14660 314 79811 52 23 972 187 56441 73 9 443 467 11,274 415 64080 64 219 462 17 12 04s 392 8,872 504 10.757 427 15 555 294 12 200 384 265 394 16 20 426 223 25731 167 32 452 134 113 217 36 20 156 239 II 975 395 16 599 276 76766 54 16549 277 26,523 161 93920 43 23082 197 31 692 139 9 180 486 41 039 101 381 403 8 24330 181 II 814 402 9014 494 12 276 383 37.106 115 II 228 416 13 543 348 19696 236 12,194 385 9528 457 13 754 345 24947 174 10838 425 25.516 168 12595 376 10860 424 16 743 273 15287 297 24348 180 25 501 169 16 418 279 3.716 139 I 22 172 209 9069 492 15033 302 9462 465 22 500 206 10.562 434 8:434 525 9385 473 New York (Concluded) Poughkeepsie Rochester Rome Saratoga Springs. . . . Schenectady Syracuse Troy Utica Watertown Watervliet Yonkers North Carolina — A.shville Charlotte Greensboro Newbern Raleigh Wilmington Winston North Dakota — Fargo Ohio — Akron Alliance Ashtabula Bellaire Cambridge Canton Chillicothe Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton East Liverpool... . . . Elyria Findlay Fremont Hamilton Ironton Lancaster Lima Lorain Mansfield Marietta Marion Massillon Middletown Newark Piqua Portsmouth Sandusky Springfield Steuben ville Tiffin Toledo Warren Wellston Xenia Youngstown Zanesville Oklahoma — Guthrie Oklahoma City Oregon — Astoria Portland Pennsylvania — Allegheny 24,575 170,798 15,448 12,538 43,538 114,443 75,567 60 097 23-787 14,726 52,701 16,032 20,050 12,051 9,090 13,934 21,252 10,605 9,589 47,833 8,974 14,182 9,912 8,241 32,011 13483 332,934 414,950 135,487 92,566 18,482 8,791 20,613 8,439 25,819 12,147 8,991 25,445 19 379 18 891 14872 13.024 12,499 9,215 19324 13,008 19,192 20,021 40,161 14,637 12,000 145,901 8,529 8.045 8696 48386 24,297 11,407 12,800 8381 98,655 138,018 177 24 295 377 93 32 55 68 189 312 80 289 231 391 490 337 213 433 454 86 496 327 440 533 13s 349 II 7 28 44 253 507 221 523 166 388 495 171 241 247 307 364 378 482 243 365 244 232 105 317 394 25 518 542 510 84 182 412 371 528 40 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION CITIES AND TOWNS WITH POPULATION OF 8,000 OR OVER. BY STATES, WITH RELA- TIVE RANK ACCORDING TO POPULATION— Co»/mMe <: Q < g <: 1 > :^ ^ :^ :^ ^ :| Ov : j;; VO • -^ ^ Ul <; ■w ^ •w ■^ ^ m ■* • vO VO . CO CO _l_ ■ 0 o • o O ■ 0 -Q- . Cv, Ol ^■-■ C/) • r^ r^ •00 00 • Ov Ov • o o Z III 1 ■^ ^ 'S ol • t^ l> • t- t-- • t^ .5 • '^^ '^ ; 0, "sr : ° R . I> t-^ '• CO ^ :8 g o >< S 'm lO • ^ Tj- • (N N • •* •* IN Z iS" S' :-:; r;:; •e 2- •00 00 :5 T : ^ (N •^ Q Z '^ ■^-^ ^-^ w • r< P) ■ " " -w _>.>. • O o •00 00 • o ~o~ i5 5 • CO • 0 o • Tf Tj- •00 00 (3 — ■ "C lO •00 00 • 0, o_ :°°- °o. o m rt ■ ,(/) ^ •ON : - 1 - : : : :" " : " " : '-' - : :l : VO o ■o CN(N CO VO w (^ • ■* •■^ N CO O VO 00 lOO Ov VO (N Ov w 00 00 U2 ov o 00 00 00 0 i>- • VO vO IHOO Ov VO VO VO < 0) r m Q 0 0 o lo 0 o ~o~ •00 00 0 M o 00 0 00 c;^ S o o VO VO • ■* Tf VO M VO O 0 o i2 o 1-^ 1-^ H " " CH : °" Ov •rf o, <^ q _>. S 1^ CO M l-l '^ H H " N M N •^ " rr 0 o o o O 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 tN 00 00 00 a > »0 Tt ^ 00 r^ r^ 0 VO ■^ "^ -* E^ lO lO lO VO Ov ^ •• ;^; o' '-' 't ^'i^ CO CO • ^ l^" 1^ M ^ -^ "• O c^ t~~ ^ t- '^ O CN ~or t^ • t^ M 0 ^ 00 t^ 00 M M t^ O) CO rO fO f^ o. "^. ^ o^^_ °° HI • . IS CN (N ro '^ ? 0 0 0 Ov M O ■ o 0 0 o fL, d ^t OvOO 00 00 r^ r^ 1-^ ■ r^ t- o i H ^ lo ro 00 VO covo ~%~ CON VO 00 • 00 t^ t^ '^ 6 H 2 00 1^ lO CO 00 o Z M S ^ N s ^ '^ t^ Tf ~or w O r^oo ■=f Ov vO vO VO CO Ov o Ov 00 "=3- ■* xi-vO t O r- Ov Ov OOO o > o;'^ lO CO t M Ov ^ M '^ CO c» CO 00 <: H H H f^ (N ^4' H h' l4" pT h M H M ^ ^ " o o o O 0 o O 0 (N vO o o 0 O 00 o rt O 0 o O 0 o 0 0 r^ VO f~ VO -^ vO o o o S2 cn to lO ^ q. 'd; o. o. ■*oo '^ ° ° o_ (N q^ rt s i" CO fT N cT CO N CO cT H IN CO N CO « H N 0 o o O 0 o O 0 ^8 T" (N VO T^ Tj- '^ H >< LOO 0 O VO O VO r~ ^ o '^ c OvJ-. Ot- t^ 00 VO VO q^vo VO VO Ov VO •^ w s ^ H 8 r-vO CO CO 00 CO ^ • t^ VO 1-1 VO Cv) H CO OOO 00 d O "^f "* vooo ^ O CV| !N 0 0 « VO '^ o. X Z O fO <:> CO M H ^ -S ~. s ■^ M O 0 • ~s~ CO VO • VO c» • ~6o~ o • o VO • 0 0 00 CO • o • o X S" w CO Ov ■ qv 00 lO VO 00 • 00 't ■ <; 1 ^"' "t M , s lO o CO ' CO 4 (N 4 CO ■ CO 't ■ ^ N N m 88 8 8 : 8 88 8 ? : 0 t ■ s 8 : 8 ^ c ^0^ o. °° • 00_ VO VO CO • CO •>: t • ^ s ^"' "" N ■ N CO (N cT M ■ n' CO ^ « oT ■^ M o "^c~ CO . CO VO . VO d 2 ■S o • o • O • • ^^ o • o • O ■ o • o_ ■ ll BS- S : o : -Bi ■ s ■ vo' : ^ ; >^ p^ nj ^ s .2" 1- 6 «• § ^ C o o' 1 o >^ 1 "^ o ■55 G ^ ci a •s u IS '^ o 13 :z; u Oh c^ m M w ts CO 't «o ^ !i d ft.£ O M '^ 2 bOMOO M 6-r '^ C! C t:jfl O > CO ■^■^ q;:3oo,^« ft u vo (u gft g.a 3.2 og'5'2.,t2g| ^H "5 ■S.S m CO _ ;- rt.S-ri O M^ Mvo bO "O bo C^ ad ^ d ovc . d oP^^^o^^^So^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 191 V ^ 3. o-g«S 8^ \0 ■* ^8 CO 0^ o o o o 00 t^ gt^ H :^fe H ^t^ H ^f^ H ;^^ o 00 10 1~- l^vO H ^t 1^ 8-$ l|o| :3 Pi 1^ . ^ li, M ^ <« O bfl ;2 O fl 0-73^ si " O Tj <^Sfs8<^^ . M R o „ O <3 hT O m H nJ o ^"u Co g ™ o "So =^ MO _„_ (J J" CO . ;.< b i5 ., »^ii C ft •^2^§i8 t^ S,^-v MO O' Si -— C aj O _: 5«c:2tx.-n| 2 ft' M cSfciH -C ft S; :r " ^ o \0 OvvO ^ 6 I 00 o-C'C -" _t« u ft 1^ w 0.J30 -«i5 < M > C > > bO M m 10 0 10 - Tf 3 ■■-% ? ^ X 1 0 1 g :§ I -I 1 :g a ivO VO g m 8> ;;? CO • CO ^/^ • 0 CO • N 0 • 0 0 . CO 0 CO 6 t^ "* -00 S ■% 0 0- ■ 'C » 0 Q n ■1 8 : : CO • • ; :i I ;^ I w : : : •on : '^ 1 " : : • '-' M . M ^ : : : 2 1 1 ! >< 4 0 ^ 0 10 0 0 000 t- .00 0 00 J> I> 0 0 0 f--* 0 1 li 8 ^5=^ H ^ c^l 1 II 8 :a 1 SI M VO d 8y> g ^M CO a II 1 Is a 1 t^ CO 0- t^ 10 § -s -^ 0^ t^ ^ • 0 bo 1 "1 S 1 >' M 0 lo r- 0 (N 0.00 tS CO Ov 00 q^ o> CN q^ M_^ 0 00 CO 00 CO '^ IT) M J~^ »o 1 d i 88 1 8S 1 00 8 88 8 88 0 10 rt- 8 g8 a i^ OvCJO so 00 Ov 10 10 t^^o ^ 8S> e, 88 00 0_^ 0)^ •< cs 0 r^ 0 q^ 00 0000 .2" c 1 >> •< CO . j:? : i ■ CO 00 N, N M H ■^ oooq 1 1; M CO 1 %'■■ CO cs ■ 0. CO ■ CO 1 1 1% 1 II H H H 1 a: M CO ' 1 l: 1 |: 8 d 8 II H MM 1 %\ M CO 1 |: 1 1^ 8 m' 6 CO . CO VO (N t>- M • M M ■ M ^ . T Yearly Salary of Supt. ^ 1^ i §: : |: No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ! N g ; : t ; : eg : 5 ; . CO VO 1 ; 8 ; CO CO MO CN VO 1 0) 1 4 c 1 0 'A 4 g •— > > t > ^^ > 1 J OC U- H ^ a o B| o M* h c u5 111 « 1) -, CD ::o-2' 0-0 vj COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS ^93 CO Z Id < g Z (5 1 1 > < j8 8 : : ^ ■^ ^ : ? :■» % :2 o S ;8 8 :: : il 8 :S s :a E i« 1 il ^ a ^1 » ;: i :a I :g 1 :l 1 i» 8 ;K to . H t- '1 "^ ; ; : .a « .00 00 • o .vo >8 ;R R :^ to 5 w Q ll : ;| S M •ON '. '. '. '^ : : S s 2 1 < ■■i ^ ^^ » is to OvtO 1 :i 1 is Ov r-t- ■s. S I 1 H 1 :| 8 ^% q vovo M vo ■ t^ ^ il 8 ° ° vo r-r^ o d ii ■ o •J 1 H I :l 1 H "i ■■.% 8 :8 •* . to % 1% to d :t i "° 1 :~i 1 "»; % is ? ii 3 =S ^ t 1 < Ov OvO Ov fO rj^ % ?s 2 -as t^ to P< i S, 88 8 82> 1 s§ B 1 -^ >0 N vo lOOO ro M vo to VO ts 00 < ^'^ ^ to ro rt- Ov H Ov > p5 i 1 CO 1 6 1 h s 1 *j ^ M SbO a 1 fl H.a t si^ I? <:2^ U 0< ^2>^ ^8^ DO TS cd O 3 « H O ^ ^.2 o^ :^^^ =^ o O y C cn^ I ft •c fe S ° ft| ^2 5 o ^ 0> to Jnt© tn-9 « J- O 4J «^^ ** 194 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • t^ ,^ • N • lO VO < !2 1 1 ^^ •^ ■<^ •vO O • • • ^ ^ • to to •OO • •* 00 iS" -J« 1 • o s ■; 0 S, : : : :» 1 : 2, I^ il 1 •S s e • lo ir^ ■?r o ■?r o • o o ;8 8 •,^ ,^ tii > S %© to ^ ■ to to • ^ ■f . . t- r- lO O m ^ • ■* •^ w •00 00 D z w >>>. :8 8 :S, a :8 8 :8 8 :8 8 2-3 • H q q Q >-Cfi €© •ON : '-' - : : • " " • '-' '-' ■ •-' " • H " •M3 -.n VO Tf J>Tt -.^ 00 VD vn 't • •* r^ Ov t^ • t^ ■< 00 O o 8 • O o S 00 o o .^o o t^ t^ t^ O t^ •VO VO >, ^"^ H 8 X >- i ^^ rO :8 8 ■^ ^ 88 8 8^ % 88 8 :8 8 ^^ \o • to J> lO •00 on ■ O 00 o> r^ OOO tr~ to to vD • Tj- H r^ ■5f ■^J- o ■* > Z bo '^ r^ ^ •O vn ■*io lO tT 0 o Tt O t- § . H H 8 00 VO 00 t^ t^ ■< s U) &• S ^ '^ "^ H H •^ " ■^ H *^ H H " " " «• 88 g 88 8 :^ ^ 8^, 8 ;?y. !? y.8 0 88 8 rt o o o • H Ovf- Ov 00 o o a S s ^ " (N N H N " H HH H W H H '-' M M M H 88 8 a .8.8 Ph 0>0v Ov ^.^„ ^ •00 00 VO OOO 00 00 lO f~ S ^ H M M " " • to to to r- N HOO ^ -^ ^^ r^ H lo O 0\ to lO > ■vo o> too l^vO f^ O p) O W N i 1 ^ '^ •^ H H " H H " (N H N H H " 0 lO V) S ^ H M •^ to ^ ;?: -si ^ 8 • O • o M • ^ o O • 00 • 00 t^ • t~- O .53 < ^ ■ (N (N (N '-' H to to « N to to o ■ ^ o • ;s ^ ■ tr^ 00 Ov p 1^ M ■a t5 ^ a !i1 \ ft .^8 "^ p!-I^ ^-^^-d T3 1) -w .1 O 'y cS o :^ •» ?>--S-^ p. 9, mm 1% Oto aj tn "• .5 bo.S vo.S S d rt c! i) c CI I— ( I— I Ml— I h- 1 t^ > 1 .^ d 0 ^ "fn F^ no lii 00 ", 1 -^ t ^^' • *; TS ^ C ■3 ^1 1 o ^H "■,. rt • •* 1 is a : : 0 :^ 0 . . ; ;2, 0 • Ov Ov • • H • • '. '■ H H i N N - '• 2 II ^ ! i| § : i i ;| 1 io s :; •ON : : : : : : :" H .H 1 " : : • M « .H H . . 1 > < s ■s 1 ^ .^ ■:% 0 tot- 1- i W) li^ • Ov lO • >o S :S s 1 \0 -MS 0 ■ • .0 vo ■ o Ul 0 rovo 00 o_ o_ i-T h" i ;? ? |a 0 00 Ov M t- 00 00 ^ 8^ 00 0^0 10 rf 10 to t- (N Ov - ■< 8. 12^ o_^ 000 i u ^ vo VO 1 1^ 10 l-vO H M Ov aa I ij s II 0 ^-^ 8 0 S g |4 1 P 1 i^ i 11 1 || 1 ll I d 0000 0 JOO 00 0 t^ ^ ^s ^^ 88 vo H 5 8a t- 00 vo 5> ^8 0 Ov Ov i 2; 0 ^ s to (N Ov H H to M 00 U-, to 00 0 00 l^H vo vo Tf S. "S- s 8 : § I': 8 1: 1 I: 8 ^ : to ^ • S 8 : ° 8i § §; § m to w • H < • ro :% ^ !'fc« •3$ :S ^ • V) 10 "3 v^ ■■% % 1 • 8 8 :g, 0 :^ ^ :8 8 :8 8 < ■s 1 ■^ ■■o VO • 0 0 • 00 00 ■SO VO • Ov o> ■ ^ t rt :?o ?n :8 8 ; If;^ H • 0 0 ■ 0 Pn :8 8 :J? S • •* -t • 't t • fo CO • 10 \r, • CO CO . IT) xn • t ■* . • VO 1/-) • ro ■^■ • 'J- ^-- • CO CO ^ • i >. • 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 0 ^ 0 r, S^ 'H 00 0^ •00 00 • • ■ • • Q > t^ ■so VO 'f -t ■* 1 ^ 88 0 • 0 0 ■ 0 n 0 0 0 • 0 8 ■ 0 o- 10 10 .0 S • 8 8 ■ 00 00 •00 00 I 1 >> S m '-' '-' 0 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 n 0 .0 VO :8 8 10 r^ t^ C3 w -t ^ • M IN 10 fo CO ■ 10 10 • CO CO t (N N ^ p) m r^ t^ • Tt Tf- 't ir. 0, - 1^ r^ •00 00 t-t^ ^J- > < ;s .0 • N ro £> • M IN v^s^ w 00 ro 0 t^ CO 0 8^ ir, to 10 li^ VO CO no r- t 8 VO § CO < M ^ 0 U y>H VO ^t HOO 00 Bo ^ bo s ^ " H •^ •-' M H " " " " 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 8 IT) 10 10 0 0 • 0 w rt rt t^ N M ■* '^ M- CO • 1 S «^ M H H H H H M H " M H " " H M H 0 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 n ./I 10 0 0 n 0 0 n 0 0 0 10 • WO S Ph 00 t- t^ VOVO VO a 0 0 ■* 't 0 0 0 0>vO VO H •? m Tt N roO> p, -000 t COM ■ ■+■ ^ M N N CO CO bo to bo t^OO > 0 too 0 so t- 0 H » 0 0 0 0 O\o0 Ov to bo bo Ov>0 VO S2 m " *^ '"' '^ " " H H HI " 1 8° 8 85^ 8 88 8 ^R y,8 s, i^8 8 88 8 "^^ •0 0 CO H ■ 1 ^" p. H H H (N (N H H " H H " M H H Ov 10 CO S ««= •^ H H r^ t^ 0 H Tt 0 -S^ IN IN M ■ 0 • 00 0 • 00 ■ 00 0 VO • VO S <: ro ■ fo M H H ^S • fO IN ' M M ' H ci ■ IN ■^ •i 6 i 1 T3 1 > 1^ 0 i 1 •< 1 < 1 ■a 0 1 2 d 2 ■* IT) ^ i^ =5- a floo g (JO o a fl j> d COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 197 < i Q 5 i4 1 I < s ;: '. '.^ S :? ^ : : 1 : : ° ' 1^ 0 • • 10 • • '• -S s :l 0 • • \0 • • c 1 :; : :g s iS 0 • • CO • • 1 : : : • t^ t^ . . • ^^ ^ :s S ; : s II : : : : :| § :: •ON : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ■ H in > s 1 t 4 '■■i 00 »o fO 5^ :^ "s ia a :? ? ;i g 2 ■■u R 8S> MD 0000 00 -^ I \l H \l 1 li 1 il •0 -^ 8 8 :S> I ■:% I :% * :S CO . CO a :a CO • ■* 0 •i '■ fO S "S 0 s ;» >0 H . H 10 . Tt CO . J> M J2 I 1 < ; ; : 1: >0 NOO a >ooo •8, |5 CO 00 t- 3, %S ?. MvO CO - 0? S • '• U-) .00 00 ■* N 1 !l 4 ^1 M H 1 1- 1 II M MM 1 : 8 : ° :| 1 P 1 ^.^ 1 |l 8 H M s d '• '• : 2 : M • N -0 3 •'8 N CO -U CO 00- - s 1 1 < 5 as; 0_ M_00 IB ti OvOO s§ s;<2' i 5k 8 5i M CO -CON M 1 m" S ! 1^- M H 8 88 1 P 8 8S> M 'OOO "O "^.o 1 M d ii «00 0 00 00 t^^ ." =1 I H 8 2,5. 00 vOO 0 00 •0 10 "1 S, 8a r- 0 t~- a 88 R 1 00 0 M M at- g ^2 H H M M 00 cj 2^ •^ 1 0 a 1 > 88 1 || *:: "5 ".. S> 8 : m" m" 8 8 : 1 |: 1 ai fT pT ■ 8 pT i d M ^ " 1 |: M W s Is 1 |: 1 a: N pT ■ § |: 1 pT H 1 «: § la 8 8 ; 1 %■■■ ° °; 8 8: I a; a ^ H H H M H M H M M pT pT ■ « « p. P. • d M M N (N • C, MM H H . H W . M HI . M p< . M Yearly Salary of Supt. tr> ' : S : CO ■ ; 4; : §i : 8 : No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers Z '• '• % : : 00 • • ^ : : ^ : : N ■ • 1 ': ': 1 : : P^ |ll q • • 00 ■ ■ 00 * ■ 2 ;i OC * ■ 00 • • t ■ ■ \o ■ ■ 1 t- c ) H 1 1 1 M 8 i to pq to »o «o a »o H BZ I- 3 a^ a t •n ■a a •^ s ■g «i a 3 vO vo to bO '•B t3 198 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION < Id D Z H ! -< 00 • >A a :^ fO • . ; ;i 1 ;; !'^ -^r 1 ^1 a :| 0 io 1 :; • 0 a : : ; il I a • 0 •CO S :8 8 i^: * : : : :a a : : CO . • d M -O NO -CO 00 • • • o vO . . • ^ '^ 0 w Q II : : : •ON : : : 1 : : ; : : : 1 : : : : : : : : : 1 : u >< < 5 1 1 <: • 00 00 '■<> ^ -so ^ :8> » ;i s 22 1 u CO . 0 0 <3 1 : ^ I :R ^ :8 VO -00 1 32 2 IS S :| 8 ii ^ 0 >o ^ :^ s ll 8 :1C ^- . CO .0 2 11 8 leg eg i : 2 0 • 't M • N I ;? g :J WW •^ M . M CO 00 1 ■< t^ 0 •* ?, 8.^ 00 N M 00 00 Ov 8 ic^ M M 1 u t-T M H 1 s qq 1 Is 1 II 1 §1 1 1! 1 ^s sM M M H 1 ii 88 1 r& \0 O; t^ J? 88 a |l 0 -^ 2 II 1 44 1 1 ■ PjvO 00 "^ H H M 0 0 fD CO >o t^ CO 00 1^ ^ :% a E" CM l> CM ON i s 0 i2 1 1 1 ■< <3 VO 0 ^ SIC 00 cooo t 33 1 ii % 8"8, 1 1 8S s, Is 1 §§ § l§ 1 ia 8 ^^ 2 Ii 1 It 8 m *^ H MM H 00 HO 00 - in 1 i 1 1 0 • 0 0 • 8 §: § l: 8 a : 00 00 • S> 8S. 00 CS CO I §: 8 §: cm" ^ ■ oT CO ■ ro CO CO (N N (N . . . . >. > rt 1 *« s • • m • fO • 10 "' • rr rr r. 0 2 It) Q Z >o ■ 0 1 • 0 0 i4 :t :°- M K >,tn p •ON ■ • • • ■ • • • • • • • • • • r^ • H H • fO CO N • 0\ Ov cor^ 1~- Ov <5 • \r> >o > • V) • 10 in 10 • ■* 10 • to 10 «^ C • 0 0 ■ 0 0 0 ir, 10 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 vr. ^ -.0 0 ■ -. 0 8 ,^ • vO < S !1 •^; Hf^ o> 0 • rO IT) f. H ^ 8 8 w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 w^ 0 t^ VO 10 U-) Ooo "rt s s <» '^. 00 N 0 00 vO Ov • w M °! •c 1 ^" H H " M M " H M H " '" " H H " M 88 8 88 8 88 8 8i^ t^ 8.8 8 :!^ 88 s 88 8 ft t". 00 0 00 M t^ t- s M «^ \0 H r~ t^Ov ■o 00 H ■ 000 00 ".^ 00 s H '^ M H " •^ M 0 0 88 ,« 88 E^ i^§ ;v8. _>> rt a « 0000 °o '^ <->."_ q- t s m " w~_- " " " H H " " " H M ■^ H H 88 88 >< 0 to 0 8^ 8.^ 0 0 0 0 ■H 00 ^o ^ WW 00 00 MO >o ^O a t^ r^ r~ r^ CM- t- 1 s «©^ N 0 rt-(N t^CO VO t^ CO 0 cs 00 0 M -2-vS ^ HI -0 w H M rt 1-1 M 0 • 8 8 8 : 00 ■ 0 • 0 • CO . CO 0 < cT ■ N M ■ H M ' C4 cs ■ M M ■ H CO • CO fT ' M P4 a 7) ^ ii 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 S, 00 °o • 00 0 >x s N ' N M ■ H cs ■ C4 ci ■ M M fo ■ CO pT ■ N pT ' C) S >« m d 8 : a 1: 8 00 8 : 8 8 : 8 1: 1 l: § a: i I- § S ^ mC/3 W No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers Ov 00 vO W vO ■i 1 s m^ to • • • ■ cs M . Z Z W ;2 o •^S : : ; : : Q >,(« 1 1 1 •OM 1 : : : : : :| : : :| : : : 1 : : : 1 : • o a ■ H ■ 1 CO t •^ ■<5 VO • t^ 1^ O w CK rt % .2 •< •^ »o • ■* •* ::5 ^ • -^ • ■* 't \o ■* ■* • t^ ii o • CO fo • o o o o o ■ to to ■ 0 n :8 g • 8 H vO^O O 12 >. ?■ ■ m" H • >4" ^ -g m ■ O 8 . ^ CO- :8 8 lOO n • o o • 0 o .oio ^^ • o o a H «& ■* to •\o ^ •-0 vn ■ o O M ■* « • ^ ^ •00 00 <-w on- H • t^ S 15 '^ w w o o 1/5 o o lO t<^ • rr, to t^ • t^ u ^ «i«. lO • t>- r^ M J^ CN • Ov 00 lO 00 l^\0 M a . S ^ ^i' • H H a t >< «^ 88 • IT) »o ■ o o -o- o • o o o O o • o o o o :8 8 fi: S ^ " H W-, •<5- CN ■ t^ r^ O.Tf m -oc- ■■ Y1 o >^ ,_, ei ■ p) N M to .vO VO Z (S '^ •^ H M to eoio lO t-H lO to .O t- vO "* Coo o> HOO O M Ov lo O 00 MD H t-- ui i^ ^ •^ *^ •^ H M " . 8 8 § 8S 8 8^ 8 8^ 8 88 8 •* ^ •^ S,^ o « VO CO .o H H H H ^ m O lO lO 0<3 o o o ^^ o o o o VO lO >o 88 8 H 1/1 1^ t-- ^^ 00^ ^ O^O ^ 00 r^ t^ 00 (A 8 s <^ vb H 6 ^o o O^O VO 00 '«■ (S (S tr~- a 00 00 ■vO t^ lO M X a: o M "•^•^ ^ '-' P) v_'^_- ^— ' 8 : ■8" 8 : -^ 8 '■ "8" l: 8 8 : 8 8 : g 8 : o 8 : g <; ^"7 • o- • o> o °- : o o> • Ov >, a J2 1 ^ .« i .r: 8 8 : 8 a; 1 §: 1 11 1 I: § 11 § ll r" fT H H M M H w ■ cs pT ' cT ■ pT e >- e »^: 1 2 ': 8 i; 1 8 : 1 8 : 8 §; i. Bi 8 8 : i ^ ^ N P» (S g^ H S^ H S^ H s^ HS i^ H Sh H S^ H ^^ H 1 55 4 CO 1 O i ^ ^ i (2 1 1 ^ rt W w U t^ z ffi >^ ' (f> ^ >o ^ ti 00 6v o 14 .a I ^^ rn d -6 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 201 . . . • 0. Ov • U1 «o • »o >o • 0 0 1 > < • t^ 1^ • r^ l^ • 1/-. 2 •^ ■* • >o >o • CO CO • -t Tj- s • 0 a ; 0 a :8 8 :8 8 :8 8 z p 1 1 •^ • r^ r» t • 0 0 a :^ a :8 8 ••a 0 ; ;;;' )? :8 8 < i S • • •A' fo • CO CO • CO CO d • ^ N •00 00 :^ ^ • M 2 Q 2 "-^ ^ 0 0 ll : •' : Q >.(« •ON : 1 0 ■* • rj- •* 8^ 0 • w ^ a 9, • 0 0 8a 0 :8 8 8c? 00 • M N ?o8 8 • 0 ?o •^ t- ■* CO • CO CO • lO 10 > Pi CO • o ?i^ 0 a^ Tf • t^ a •to 0 t^ 0- C>00 o> o> < i2 1 1 -^w ^ H M M " M S S P ^ § 88 1- II 1 II 8 Is 8 M o_ i-T ; 0 a 1 ci 2. J? 88 8 ss 8 0 0 0 88 8 ^8 8 ■ 0 a 00 ^■ ^ 0 0 VOVO 0 00 t^ 00 VO VO •00 8 2 «©^ f-'t t> t^ Tj- OvCS •VO VO 2: > 8 : 00 • 1 1; 8 8 : 8 §: 8 &■ 1 0; 1 1; 1 H «r ' c^ N • tT e^ ^ • a i ^ •9 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 • 8 §: 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 00 • 00 N • 00 <» • VO :^ m H N ■ N 00 ^ % ^ ' ' •t ? Ai ^^ H %^ H ^^ H ^U. H ^^ H S^ H ^^ H rt ^ 1 H 1 i 4 g 0 tJ rt ^ 2 0 ci" 9 2 "o b t^-ri jj g rt" •^ 5 >. r^ 2 8 > c2 fS w ^ ^ < H u ^ to 10 vn r~ 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ^s 3 :3 o o o o 00 o a a •c-c 202 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION i < o K a D z 1 i 1 >" : :° S ': ': % ■■■i 10 . . 1 ; :| 1 ll i ■■.■■. 0 S ■:% i w 1 . o» o • • . 0. 0> ■ N 3 : : 5 II •ON : : : : : : § o t/i s s 1 1 S > •5 2^ §^ • 1^ 3 ' "^ 1^ . ro 10 . 0 0 • N »o oOvO \n •* -4- ^ 33 lo" S '«# ^ 3S 1 ;i 1 :i 1 :i 1 1« 00 ^_,^^ 3 a "°S3 s :-: I 11 "^ 33 2 1 ■ Ov •00 - "o ° S3 3 ■ " IN • t^ M . H 33- 3 o S •< o « ^ ;i^ 3 M-'^ 00 °° 33 'a S m so t^oo 1 11 8 P § II 0 00 M w H 0 3 33 8 fO H i ^ 33 2 88 00 v^o 8 aa M s> ?^ ' 33 3 d r- N ■"Ov M lO " 33 w ** i> N r^ 0 tvO 0 ^CO 0 ^^ 3 (A as "1 > VO fOOO ^ 33 ^ 8J^ 00 fO t^ 0 v>o 00 ^ 33 s. « as O >o v> Ov 0000 °° 33 eg 88 q 19 o_ 8 88 8 88 (N vqoo 8 81^ \q ovoo ^33 3 K r^ •^ 33 S 88 1^ M t^ 8 88 0 p ^ S-X .8 ^ 33 3 1 H r- 00 VO ^ 0 ** 0 rn •* r- -^vo 0 ■* o> " 33 3 .a, c (J 1 •< 8 « s i; 8 %-■■ \ |: 8 8 : 1 |: 8 ^ : :^ 8 : 8 d S i^ eg- : : 8 .5 IS 0 • • ; ;t -^ ■: ■: \i i ia 0 • ■ CO '■ '■ «* 6 (N • ■ . u^■ ^ . . ' ^ w ^ii VJ 1 1 0 ■q II •ON : . : 1 : : : : : : : : :| : : : : ft c§ 9 > 1 1 1 < ^1 5 :a 0 • j;^ '^r ■'vT 1 : ° .^ :| 8 li 8 iS a iS R • 0 60 0 lO ro ro -00 ^ : 8 M • to 8 li % i§ ■* ■^ < 13 d •00 00 ro fO -00 P. ■ .00 00 -00 00 00 -^.^ 3 -3 „ :| M I Ci t a S: i 2: M_ q^oo ^- Is 3 °-^ J II 1 •s 1 II ! *: 8 |: 8 S,8 (N H 0> a 8a M MM 8 |8 ! 1! 8 "7 0 d 00 r>. R -g : \0 vO • t^ 00 • ro GO a 88 8 ^8 t-- 00 >o a 1% M M 8 1 »0 TT a IN • w N t^ • r~ 10 1^ N .0^ ^ 0 t-\0 ■o 1 VO 6 N VO 00 Tl-Ul rr ft 00 ^^ ^ 1-1 't vo coo 13 1 >< 1 o N H H 1- 1 " : M M • W H . M 1-1 • M 1-1 • M MM M ^ M . " Yearly Salary of Supt. «/» : I: ': I': : 8 : : 3 8 : : -§ ;:- ■• 1 No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers % : : i • ■ 2 I: •a ^ • • 8 : : «i :: ? .1 P ■0 • • t ■ ■ 00 • • 10 • • i i ■■■■ ^ i d 0 1 1 1 0 i i 8 H 1 P3 0 0 ^ -6 ^^ t L 1 r M M H ci3 bfi d d 0 204 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION H K < 12 1 1 1 4 • • to ■ ■ ■ '• ■ : : : vg . : : CO . . : : 8 : ; . . . • o o • • •9 : : S. : : : : : ; ; : ■' --i. % ■■■■ 1 • -t Tt • • : -.^ to ■ • M . . Q 1^" 1^^ ; ; ; : :8 8 : : ; •ON M . . : : . X > u 2 1 1 -< a :l> I sa p. lOOO 2, ^^ 1 :i a ^-^ ^ ■ o 8 s ■■■i ^ :8 1 5i ■o vo>o o • o 1 M ^ :.^ o >o '■■% -^ ;b 8 S!2 to rf ■* ^ H % :^ % aa 1 ;l % 1 : M H • H 0> 00 't M lO M M -s "§ o --.B lo tor- to Ov ^ in 1 'i ;5 .2 1 4 S 3K ^ ^M 00 OvOO to 00 «^ 00 VO >o \0 M . ! P s !l M 1 4^ z U 8 8J? :• "°^ 8 8 : a Is M mm" 1 II M MM 1 .5 ' !' JO o o « ."-: i i; M M 1 8i M M 1 1 O M M -t CS O O M to M .O VO o- • M Ov TJ-.0 0> (N M M H (A 1 X !2 1 1 > < 00 t^ Ov OOO M N 00 00 N r^ M ° It 00 o>t^ 00 qoo & IE VO VO O 00 o> o- 8 1 n ^ M MM 1 11 8 8a q t>- 00 rf a 8a ■"I- 00« VO l^>o K ss K „^8 1 II 1 d lOlO O >o to 5 00 t^ t^ ■ < »: 8 8 : CO to • 8 8 : to «^ • 8 8 : 8 a: ^ l: i i; 1 M «^ M M (S M M M M M (N M 1 i: m M fT ■ pT m • 8 8 ; 1 r 1 1^ 11^ 1- . %': % l: I 8; R s: 8 l: S 8i 8 i; 1 ^ M N M M M M M M M C cT M 1 3 " • M M . M M • M M • M M • . M M . '-' Yearly Salary of Supt. 1 -^ : 8: pT ■ ! -o ; : g: : 8 : M • •: §; : 8: No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 13 : : 1 M • • ? : : M • • VO ■ . • M : : 00 1" o. ■ ■ o '■ '■ ^ '■ • % '■ ■ 00 ; ; \0 • • ^ •■ '■ to • • l^ • • lO . . % : '■ r- . . 1 ii 1 CO q ^ ii o 1 i 4 2 i 6 M 4 1 M M M i a % Q M H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 205 z a s K H Q Z S2 V 1 1 >- < : ; ; . CO CO ■ • . CO CO •t s ■ --i § : : ; ivg ^ % : : : ;s ° 1 : :S- j^ . . : ;S CO Q II •ON : : 1 : : : u > < s 12 1 1 •< • 0 0 • ro ^ :^ CS coo in 0 JO 10 ^ CO CO -vO 1 i ^1 1 11 8 :a 10 -VO ^O -00 eg :gs s ^? 10 • r^ S i IS :8 0 i° 8 11 8 :8 CO • ^ 8 R?? ■^ »0 CO CO CO CO 10 • 0 CO ■ CO 0 CO d :^ - :? H • H M • W vO 00 0 2 •? 1 .s (U >< 4 s H 0 CO 1 P ! II 1 ^£ M h" 1 0 00 cS ^ t 1 l-l § II 1 :-°- 0 vo 10 2 <5,^ lo 00 % 88 1 8a 00 <5 2, 8,8 1 P 1 II 1 i^ l> lot 1 11 S d S5 ^ M 0 00. ur> vo w t^ t^ p) a 00 r>. 5 'SS 1 II 1 ^' a |& 1 II H H H 0000 S H pT m ! 1 H % |8 8 &I M 1 II 00 0 >o ? Il 1 d yr, w H H -0 H t^ t^ ■^ CO t^ 2 "^ ^ CO t^lO H "^ M ^ -5 1 > 1 i i ■ 1 |: 1 li N HI II: S 8 : CO 10 • M CO ■ 0 CO 8 : 1 ■ 1 |: 1 |: 1 |: 8 8 : 1 |: 0 8 : 8 %i 1 |: 1 1; 1 !i 8 a ; a % 0 ^ " : Xi M M • H H . H CS . M HI HI H . •^ Yearly Salary of Supt. 0 : a : ; 8: : |i No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 0 CO • • H • • CO • • M . • HI • • M 1 : r>. . . ^ : : 0) ill CO * ' 0 • • r^ ! ! CO 2 ; ; CO 00 • • 0 . • 00 • • 00 ■ • % ■ ■ % : : % ■ ■ 0 ) : ^^ to 4 M i 1— > 1 1 .2' 06 M i i >* i d H 2o6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION I a t5 12 % 1 J? 1 t u s 1 1 1 > <; : o 2 8?? lO O^00 fO 00 t- IN W fO 00 't -^ r^ OH N 00 ^ vo H Ov 10 .0? ^ iv^ v^ ^% 0 lot- Ov t-«0 to >o «o to 1 :8 8 88 0 ^O 8. 2,{;^ 0 00 10 <5\0 0 00 vo 10 10 10 -vo vo >OlO K r% 8 S :8 8 8^ O COLO ^ 00 00 10 0 M <5 ■* 1 H % li i SI 1 rI I • o • H O lO M M VO HVO H ■ t- cv) ■ r- t- t- S "% 8 1 >> 1 > o H S 8^ r^ 0000 H 0, CO r~- H r- CO Tj- vo CO 00 O^O. H -« « 00 s sa 10 cj r- 00 1 ^ '^ 1 II 1 11 1 II 8 ^^ 1 !l 0 >oio 1 ;8S vo 0 10 vo M_ t- 8 a 8.° ' II 0 00 o o_ O >o R 88 10 00 <^ 0 or- ? II 1 %^ CO N, *- 0 r- i 0^>r> H H •O o»o 0 t- t- CO \OvO 1 P 0 t- CO vo ■* CO ^ 8S. CO H r- M 0 r- 6 t^ H 00 lO fO M M 00 l-< n M P) Tt vo •or- -5 c. 00 >o CO 0 w H '^°° H J2 1 a 1 |; 1 |: Hi o ■ Ov 00 I S|: 1 8 : 00 • 8 8 : <» '^_ : 1 !: ! |: oo_ vq^ ■ 1 l: M H 1 S': HI "" |: 1 8 : "5. : 1 |: 1 !: s 8 ; 8 g : 00 vq • 1 1: Ov 00 • °° "§ : 8 ^ 1 '-' ; M M . H H ■ M H ■ M H • W H ■ rt CO • CO M • '^ Yearly Salary of Supt. \ |: : 8 : ; |: s ■ : 3 : ; |: No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ^ : ; ro • ■ 0 • • ^ : •■, 0 ■ • 0 \n % ■ ■ 1 : : 0 ; ; O; • • CO * ■ 00 ■ ■ 00 • ■ CO ■ ■ 00 • • CO • • ■^ '. '. CO ^ . . ^ : : 8 CO d 1 5 T 122. Butte, Mont...M F T 123. Chester, Pa....M F T 124. Chelsea, Mass..M T 125, Topeka, Kans.M T 126. Fitchburg M Mass F T 127. Knoxville M Tenn. F T 128. E.St.Louis,Ill.M F H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 207 3I S5f-c i;w o o o o moo H 00 Ov O fO o 00 ir> 00 a o t^ o o o o /1 (M 00 o o O 10 \0 lO 00 M fO t^ 00 t^ ;^fe H :^i^ H gf^H tn H gt^ H §t^ 000 \00 rovO H ;^t^ H ;§t^ H go 2.^ 2o8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION w Z < u Q Z t2 1 1 < : : ; ; ; • 00 00 • • ^ : ; : ; ' : S ; i S § '■ '■ • 0 • -J 0 • • CO • • : : : 6 2; ■ '■ M • '■ : : : 11 ] ] . : : : •ON : : : : : : : : : : i > a S a ■J 1 .2 C/3 1 ^ • vr, lo • O 0 . a I %i 0 • CO CO "• t S 51 10 • 1^ 0 • 0 12 :?? a £3 i !° 8 :J? CO • CO CO • m P) • CO % ^R CO COP4 0 p) 6 O ■ lO 10 • rr ^ :% % [^ |; ^cS 00 • Ov a t^ *>• 1 > < g IS ^ 8?? 00 10^ H ■* ? It; ^- COP. ov 0 10 5 8,2 00 § P 1 P 1 |i 1 i- ^ 2^ t^ oo^o 2 8J? 00 OM^ I H 1 ^ S OOvO 1. P H 1 |i 1 >^ 0 0 .0 5 a^ 10 00 1 ^ : 0> VO H H H (N 0 ■ • M 0 t-iO P. P^ 0 H H H CO CO VO 2 u K O S2 1" 1 1 < 8J^ ro 000 CO 10 CO Ov .OH M VOVO 00 r^ t^ « OOM 1 : : 10 10 : ^.S !> S h" 8 gI2 ti q^ «> (M H H 0 >no 0 GO 00 vO^O 0 ■ ■ : ^^ 8| o o o ^ 8^ in 000 S ^^ vO >n to ^ : : ir, . ■ .010 : ^^ 10 d c^c^ ■O 00 0 00 >O00 H CO >O00 CO cow 't coo 0 0 ■ • HOO o> t 1" 1 1 •< 1 § : 8 ^: 1 »: a l: 1 I; § 1; 0 • • ^ : : : 8 : 8 H M H : : l; : g ■ pT ■ : §; pT ■ ^ |i ' No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ^ ; ; 0 ^ : : ^ : : CO . . M - • H ■ • M . • 0 rj- ■ ■ CO 1 : : 1 : : CO ■ ■ 0 . . CO ■ ■ S : : CO • • CO 00 • • i ■ ■ 1 i u T 138. Sioux City M Iowa F T 139. Auburn, N. Y..M T 140, Racine, Wis. . .M T 141. S.Omaha M Neb. F 0 0 1— > T 144. Chattanooga. ..M Tenn. F H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 209 Ul t~. 10 1 • t^ • a Ov • 0 0 < ^ S ■ 10 10 • 0 0 1 • 9 0 . • IT) VO z u •^ •* .NO -0 ! ■ '^ • '^ « :a a :8 8 :S> a : ;::;' M < S •^^ fO • w • CO CO 1 • CO ,(/5 1 Q •ON 1 : : : 1 : : : 1 : : : 1 : • r~ t— • Ov Ov • 10 10 Ov ■ t— t- t- 10 1 < •^ ■t • t- • -^ t • ■^ ■* • •* ■* •vO vo 2."3 ■t • >o n • 0 0 il 1 ■ 0 0 • 0 0 i >/l ■- 0 8 ■0 ^ •VO vS' • Ov Ov ^^^^'^^ ^ i 1 1 s m " " ■ 10 lo :8 8 :8 8 t- • 0 0 :^ ^ E^ s •^ CO • i> r- • CO CO 33 g s 1 • 0 0 ■ o> a ■ 0 0 • ■* Tt CV| d .^o VO . Ov Ov • t- t- •00 00 • t- i^ " is 10 a 0 • 0 vo VO >^ 10 CO t- t- •g s HVO t^ 0 ■ VO 0 • 0 CO r~ 0 HVO 2; 0 CO no ^8 ro CO r-io vo 0 t- ■* N > Ovt- N 0 9 00 1— t- 00 vo vo 000 00 '^^ VO .2 «^ M M '"' 0 0 0 0 8!^ 0 88 8 0 !2 rlo' 0 o> 0 000 0 '-W-V *S- 1 1 s ^ •^ H M " H M M " •^ •^ M M " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 «o 10 0 0 8 00 0 0 CO CO >< a ^JI5 CO 88 8 i^^ vS ^'^ 10 1 ■t 8v^ r- <^^ 2 u a S ^ M H " d 2; CXVO 00 ^00 ^ IH t3 f) 0 2 ss VO 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 1— % S i-T ■ ^ C4 M M ■ M H ■ M t^ • M M ^ y^ • ^ pi^ ." 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 • 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 s ^ ■ t- • i— vo • vo s ^ .w w ^ No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers a -t 0 •> Ov i 6 0 1 to 11 :3i-H •* •* to to M M H M .3 >o •O O It H''^ C.Q actf 'li S..1 3 SS ."ii rt fn'^ bO 0 •^^ ^f1 ^a < 1? ;: '. CO (o -C- ^ '■ '■ X ii i ■:■ . cr. ro O 5 :S> 8 : : : : : i ^2 O ■ ■ % : : • ; 0 a : : 1 ;00 00 ■ ; : ; "^ lO •^_^ 'cr • • II : : : •CM : : : 1 : : : : : : . : :| : i X > u g Id 2 1 1 < •J t r^ •00 =2 ^::' ■* m lO lO lO '^f ■<1- • to 1 i •i ^' iC8 & "is 1 :& I ;k 1> vOO ^ :a lO 00 t^ o I %z N • CO a ;8 CO • to ° %i eg g,iC CO --t fO IC :8 to • CO 8 to ;- <3 H ? "H ^ "S Xr~ t- *> 00 00 ;0O 00 1 1 1 > < P 8 i2 vo O t^ 00 o o 00 cs vo 00 --o 1 f; vO fO HI O 00 vo g 88 -8 i vqvo 8 88 1 &? H H ^ 8a 8 :8 8 S§ : t> H • 00 lO t^ H 00 vo a 88 00 >OVO H d ii 1° 8 88 1 11 8 8S, ^ :S 4 Si a M t :$ S>:$ O 1 o t^ H ir, H Ov O loro 00 • O o o • O OMO H X S2 1 < 8^ N O O 00 tn*^ 00 00 t- ^ 00 t~- o 1 S> §8 8 sia 2> ^^ ^ 33 _ 8^ -^ 00M3 >o O O 6 U H 8 1 coo> M W "^ H H '1!^'^ t^ H 00 vOOO ^ 00 to M ^ H CO 1 1 < a 8 : 1 ■ 1 %: o ■ "? 3 : 3 |: 1 |: 1 !i 1 %: 8 - t^ ■ • • l> t^ . . 1 Q II ; ■& i M •ON : : : : : : :•- H . . : : : : : : : : : : > IS W S u .J jfl 1 1 S >■ < ; O o li Tf ID ^ 5 §? 5 :i i 15 -: -^s s ^"^ 1 s ■■i 0> ■ ID R 88 ID VO vO 8 8^ vO >D ID S :| o -oo O w r^ NO t^ ID t^ -NO a 88 NO IDNO 8 NO .s '■£ ID • o O IDO 8 8^ •^ ID CO ^ li O IDO o • o S °S a •1 f» • 00 00 ^ ^O '^ t^ •R io 2 "- o 1 > < ID 0 to 2 '-^ 0> 00 t ■O t^lD s II 1 t: i ss H ■ S °- : 1 !! ^ " 00 IH t^ O O ID 2_ s;?i 1 11 1 %'■■ ! II 1 1; 8 I :" o o o f^ O ID ID NO t S, a8 ■o .^ 8^ t^ 00^ NO OO^O VO CO t I- 00 r~ On ^^ ^ OOt^ X q • a 8a M M 8 85, J? 8a 1 1°° O CO ID O O ID H^ OnOO a II H 1 II 8 M a : °- : 1 -^ 1 "8 8 J?S> ID t^ »D o o o 0 H R 88 ^ q. ti 8 8a J> NCNO 1 1 CO • CO ^.D O r.00 o -i--^ 00 NO H J^ 0) t^ On ,^^^ ^-v lO On H 1 1 1 > < : : : 8 : ■ 1 ■ 1 |: I |; 8 8 : 0) t^ ■ 8 ^ : Q 2^ : a H i ■ d ■ 8 8; II: 1 1: 8 |: 8 _ : Q a ; 8 : 8 : d ■ 1 1\ 8 g: 8 8 : 1 |: si: 1 4 ; "^ ; H CS . N H . H H . N Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : 5 ■ • o • ■ °o ■ : 8 : : 8 : ; §; '■■ 8j CO ■ : |; No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers c^ : : ■o ■ • a . . 5 : : g : : o • • 0 1 ■ § 111 CO • • vo" : : *o ; ; rr . . t : ■ ID • • O • • <§, : : CO • • •D : : ID »D c 1 i CO h 1 a NO 6 a o H 1—1 i o M 1 H ■^ o 05 O hS "^1 •da o. o •« 4> •-3 -9 212 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1 1 >> .2 J? 1 < ; ; ; : : ; ; ; ^ ^1 8 :^ CO . . CO . . ■* • • : : : a :« Tj- '. '. a a iS f; ; ; 1 : :- c< ■ a a • . 2 o o Ji Q 11 : : : : : : : : : •ON : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 3 > S s s 1 1" 1 >■ •< ■■1 i i5 to . o> i ■% 1 iS a 1 ■■i o ig S :S 1 iR R io 1 is ? iR 8 i ■ o o • o rf • to CO • o 00 ■ t^ lO -00 r^ • CO 00 -o « 1/1 1 1 1 > < 1 :^ s H ^ P' 8 ^^ R 8^ 0 oovo 00 i 1 :§ H ■ M i S- o IJ 2 f I S> 8a O • r^^o M 1 d 1' S ig lO 00 "1 - P 1 al 1 |a \n NO lo ^S 88 ^ 1 ■* M lo • ui >0 MOO Ov M t >0 vO »0 S -E W MM M M M u X o S2 1 >> 1 OOO O ro M t^ 00 t^ ^ ^^ s IS g 88 8 a?: H p i I 8§ 8 ^^ M 8 8 ° IN NOO 1 H 8 8g M M M 8 M §1 1 II 1 -s ? §R 8 88 8 88 1 ES I «R 8 ^ VO « M H t- 00 HOO ? -s N CO c/2 VO >0 Ov M ■^ CO M M M "3 i 13 o c & 1 >< 1 > > < (9 s § a: :■ §: 1 V 8 8 : M M 1 a: M M 8 8 : M ff 1 8 : 1 li N M • 8 §: N M • 1 ai a V: M pT • 1 T M W 1 1; M M R 8 : o o : H: 4 4: M H a 1- H M 4. H H . H HI . M M . M M . 1-'. M . " Yearly Salary of Supt. ^ • 3 • : |: • s • : l: : 8 : in ■ : |: : 8 : ; No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers S : : O • • 2 :: ,o • • M '. '■ 2 : : 00 • ■ 8 III r^ . . 1 i: 1 6 H 3 1 1 fO M a 1 M H I a^ tr. ,:-, COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 213 < K U Q 1 "J > < ! ".'0' '9' : S. 1 • 0 0 ■ ■ ■3 <3 . ?; Tf I '. : : : .9 ' m 8 : : : --s -3 • t^ t '• '• 6 2: • 00 00 • • • -S S :^ •^ : : : : : 2 I Q •ON : : : 2 1 >■ i H S U •J i2 1 1 4 ■ ^ •J 5 II 1 :5 0 • o . CO 5 ;^ ro • «i -: 1 • "^ t- NO 5 :S; S :■% % :JC .0 . .0 to ■ Tf ? 1 1 1 >■ ^ s^vS 1 |: 1 ■:& S :R R %% ^ 0 lOlO ' |; § :« JO . 0 10 |oo 0 -0.0 H r-00 00 VO 10 VO ii to ^0 >0 § ;k >o • «o S :l 1 H I 1 O -00 00 • H . M M ■* M ■" § X X 0 S2 1 1 ■< o> 0 0 1 II 1 :r -0 {;^0 00 vo'io ^ 1 0 00 2 Jlfi a II 1 ;-: ^ 8sS 1 !- 2 S^ VO a p 8 S>8 S IS K :l ^^ .SvS 1 II 0 >o>o lO t^oo TJ- NO 10 % 1 1000 HI M "^ £ ;" ro coa 4 -- ^ VO C f, Tf I 1 i >< < i i; « M 1 1; 1 li H H M 1" • 1 i.i 1 li M 1 1 i ■ 1 %'■■ 1 &:■■ ! I; s. a : 't t • M M 1 |: ! ^i 1 Hi !li 1 I; 1 |; 1 1; 1 i ** : H H ■ H H • - :§ - H M . M 1-1 . W M . '-' Yearly Salary of Supt. 3 • m : 8 : H il I: ! |i »o ■ : |; No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ^ : : 00 • • S 1 :: 1 00 • • 8 : : 2 • . t~- tig in . . 1;; : : ■* I ! N ■ ■ Ov 00 J^ ^ : : •* ■* '. '. a : : ro • ■ Ov • • •^ '. '. ^ : n • • 8 H i t-l 1 H > i 6 1 i h 1 1 h i H Is |i -I 13 214 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION in z d) 5 PS td Q 1 1 J! 1 < i :| M . (/5 fO . . :• ;l 1 ;; ■ 1 .s o :^ : :g. a : : . . . • o a :| S> : : : :a a : : CO • • ; 1 • M Cl • H £^ : : • ■* ■* • • 5 11 • o o • • •ON '■ '■ : - : : : : : : : 1 w X > td S u W 2 -: ^ 1 1 > < OC CO O J> ■ CO ■^ • CO CO lo ■* CO CO CO S ia I d '■i i :l 8 ;?8 ^ 4>00 8 :^ 00 -VO s :l 8 ^^ VO COlO O • H * :°, o H ^ :^ ^'- -.1 8 ^^ CO CO CN s :s % d ;5 . CO 0> -VO ^ -?2 ir, -MO 1^ • 00 S "S S :3 4 I 1 1 > c ^ HO f li 1 1 ': % [X lO O CO 00 O CO 1 ^" M M N H « g: 8 1-. lO -00 M '-S 8 :« c^? 8a 8 ^" M M M N cT "° S: " |; 1 :g M 1 i€ i-T Ov i vOOO -rr vo ■ >0 vO • O ; 0 o • o O -00 00 8 cS^o M Tt- O CO ^ 8cg H 0 ^ § r 1 It 1 H a 8a H MOO M 00>O 2 8cg 00 qo I "X ."1 1 P 8 ^^ 00 q_vo s 1.^ a tea vO VO TT * r " 1 r-oo lO lOlO 2 ^ h" r^ -"t lJ^ J "„" '^^ l/> t^ P) M Ov H t 1 1 1 •< 1 a 1 1; 1 %'■■ 8 S. : M N 1 !i 1 I: a ^" ■ 1 |; 1 |: 1 i; 1 |: 8 '2 1 1 l: 1 |i 8 a : 3 !•: 8 8 : a 1 " : M H . M 11 M M . ■ IH CS • o « • ' S : : (S • • H . . H . • 00 • • g 1 1 1 ; i 1 ;; ?l : : q. ■ • fo : ; ^ : ; 00 • • ^ '. '. 00 • • o, • • VO • • f^ : : \ 3 C/2 O ft d •a w r H Ov H : c^ o Oi H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 215 < a z {5 1 1 1 > •< ^ : : S ^ .' .' S :: : : «^ CO • • : :l 1 :: 6 ■ -t ■ct • • t^ . . o Q ^1 : : : : : : •ON : : : : > w in 1 J? 1 4 ■a ■* o ■* 1 is 1 :S 5 SI Ov • ■* ■* CO >o Tt ■* CO i i 1 1 ■ o ■ I^ ■«5 R RR S --.i i :^ 0 GO lO ro (N VO VO r^ s :a lo 00 O 00 d § •00 % :?> o • o CO • « s --J O OOvO ro • CO a v8R CO CO N R d :a a "IS ^ :;;> lO • lO ^ "^ >? ;a C) CO ■* {; ^ 1 1 < 2? O • t^ 00 o CO t^ NOO Sv cS : 1' l: 00 vo>o 1 &l IT) r- CO O vOvO CO vO «» 3 1 8 :8 8 88 1 ^: ^ i: J IE I ^s O >n lo lO VO VO 00 J>1> ^ a 81^ H_00 M xn ■ O sp o o • ■ VO OvO H . Ov CN M CK H t^ in ■ m NOO O D ■* VO M N ^ s 12 1 ;^ >< >< < ro oio o ■* »^ >o CO •* O i^ Ov OvOO Ov 8.M 8 as O • »o Ov d 1^ a IS 1 H o o ^ € Is O O lO VO l^vo |o O O VO 00\O VO • ^ ? d ■ >OvO w for^ O crjvo r- wvo t- Ov-^ CD CH Ov H • CO CO i 1 1 1 •< 8 : 8 a : O O • ^ o : M « N w Hi Hi H M II: H o 00 1 8 : 1 1^ M w ■ 1- l-i i- |i l-i o 00 a 8 : 1 |: 1 ij O i-i • : |; 1 li 1 I; cS 00 1 x o o d '^ M H • H H • H M . M M H M . H M . " Yearly Salary of Supt. S, : : S. : : 8 : s ■ : °: ct No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers M • • 2 ; i vS- : : Ov • ■ t^ ■ . VO 1 III ■ Ov ■ • '^ ; ; o ■ • Ov • • o_ . • 00 • • q • • o • ■ o • • VO . . 8 : : '^ . '. 00 1 o a CO o i 1 bo .a 1 pq Ov M g 0\ o> Clj > 1 S < i a < =§v H 1 8; 0 (A S 8 H 2l6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION I Q {2 1 1 1 1 ^ • o O ■ • t^ . . ; • O '. '. to O • • • o K to lO ^ \: : \% 1 • • . . . : :8 ^ .s 8 : : : :S £!) ; : . . . • -■% » d :^ o . ■ ■ o a o I Q II ; ■:% § ; : •ON : : : : : • " : . . : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 > < s s 1 1 1 1 < 8^ 1^ If) s ;i % :5 PO 0000 •t «o iO lo 00 r- ^ :% % ■:% Ov ■ H H s |« 00 • ^ •^ iO to >0 00 t- ^ iS 5 ;g S i£ t- ^ |8 % :S cr> • M (N O O 't 00 r- O • to P) • r- 1- • to to • to i -s 1 d "i^ - ^° Si :S Ov P. o VO 00 S :S \n • m \^ :S O; t "i 1 > 00 ■<«• Ov 00 t^^O g 8S, H 0000 M Tt- o >o 00 •'too S 8? Tf OOO vo vO ■* ^ 1 P. % n 8 8a Ov lot- 8 &^ "2 °°° 1 P 1 p 1 u 1 .s P ^ I kI 'O GO t- tOOO ^ 8S> »o TtoO ^ II o o o I 8a O 1 ■■ ^tr, a cooo M MM N CO ^ 00 8J? 00 ^ »o S 11 CO 'if Tt- 1 n ! -^ lO • . : 4^ 8 1 -vo^o M ^2 ^ fO »o O (N a " SS" V3 1 'i Ah 1 -< o • i ■ 1 |: 1 S: \^ % : « H • ! ii : 8 : 8 to 11; t«5 M 1 |: M O 1 1^ 1 |: 1 IJ 1 M i I; to ■ 8 to 8 : 4 ■ H^ 1 |: 8 2 : • • S : : 00 • • 2 ;; ^ ': ': t- . . 't \» ^ ■ ■ % : : lO • • lO .' '. 8 : : w ■ ■ 1 pT 3 1-5 Pi t 1 o f s i i O i t § »— » J! t : o 1 O 1 1-5 pi 1 8 li m 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 217 (A !2 S ^ > < ^1 a : : • >o >o lo • ^ • • B :R 8 :Po 0 < S •^ N • 00 00 ■ 00 00 H Q 5 z ^ ^ • 0 0 U II • • • . «^ t^ •ON : : : • " IH . . • 0 ^. o^o on ■VO V-, •VO VO . 1- t^ •«t ■ t- t^ ■< >. • 0 • 10 10 • 0 0 • 0 0 15 • 0 0 >£)■* • t^ J^ • \n S ^ .c S M e2J s ■ 0 0 0 >o »o ■V, ■ 0 0 ■^ fO c^fO W5 • to •VO VO I ■ m MO 0 UO f^ ^ •VO VO > ;& 0i - 8^ o • r^ J^ VO fO ^ •< M 1^ t^ t^ ■J u> i X- 2,8 a 88 8 :8 8 0 0 0 1 1 s • H M " w M 0 0 8 0 1/^ • 0 8 0 0 0 £ c fOvO VO t^vo VO S ^ M 6 0 00 MOO Ov •VO VO ■> 1 m 1 82> 8 H ^ 11 1 ii : 2 2 • 0000 0 00 §8 n 0 0 0 0 ^ 0 0 0 0 H 10 >o lO vovo VO 00 1^ tn ^ 1 t«0 IN 0 .. " IvO 0 H '^3 v5 M Tf 10 8 : 8 :8 0 8 : 8 ; ; 1/1 . t^ 0 < H M M X " ^ 8 : 8 :8 8 8 : 8 5C : 10 •n >, :? «i : M ■ ^ S ^ «^ 8 : 8 :8 8 8 : 8 t^ • J^ <» • «i : °' ; €©■ 6 M • « ■ <-< '-' jy 4) a w . *^ V « -^ '-' • " ^; ^ -" Xi V ' early alary of upt. 8 : S" • 1 %'l °; S" • ^ ;q ,Q ^ >,« w C.3 «J CJ No.of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers : '■ E i ; VO -5 4 1 0 8v : : VO • • VO l«5? VO M 0 §..2g « M M N r< CI (2 %^ H ^(x. H u gh H ^^ H ^^ H g i •1^ 1 > > iz; § to 1 i i u i^ 1 I-) ■^ 1 U 0\ 6 M N CO •* 10 0 s H H M ^1 r 7-> H a h1 3 II 2lS NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIAT'ION >> • N f^ ■ ^/^ m • o o •VO VO ' > • o. o> t^ d^ < ^ ■* • »o >o J . . • ir lO ■ O n ■ o o • o "A ^ § 1 s •^ lO • lo lO • •* ■* 13 ; J^ ;::; :8 8 ■ 0 a :8 8 < H 2 m " • to 1/5 . . lo C4 ■ H H ■ •* Tj- U Q z, {2 t •^^ Q >,w •ON : : : 1 : ; : : : : 1 : : : 1 : : : ■ N M so lO 1^ ■00 00 •00 00 ■ o n • 0 o > Tt Tt • •* ■^ • '^l- Tf j,^ < ^ O lo o ■ o n • o o ■ o o • lo ■ > s 43 s ■ O lO • o o :8 8 ■ u. ■lo • in lO . ^n ?) 00 O 0 o • l^ • o o I H i •^ . H H 00 O . M M d •VO I lO o ■ n ■ Tt Tt lO o - o o> ■00 00 ■ t ■* ■ ■* VO s ^ 1 •< ^1 8 8 : 8 :8 8 :8 8 88 8 :8 8 :8 8 a >. ^ 1^ • t^ t^ OvO. o. •00 00 •00 00 c S • lO \r, o • • \r, ■ lO Ph t^ ?^ ■ t~~ •^ ■* 1^ • •* ■vO Ov o o 00 O to 00 8)e t^ • t^ t^ 1^ lO l^ >. < ^ o o O • o o o o o o n 8 N g 1 :8v ,15 m OvvO aoo o> qoo °' O in ■ o n O O 8 ■ 8 8 O lo o o o o o o H a t^ ^^ .VO ^ •. l4 w • °- : q. 00 • m' • h' J 1 ^ o ■ o • o o ■ O ■ O d. o • O o • o o ■ o o ■ o o ■ o t^ '?. N M cf pT m d H • H M • M M . t-i IH . H (1) cs ■ N H ■ M H . H 5 - 3 i^b ^• 8 : 8 : 8 : 8 : 8 : 8 : 8 : «?. ■ •s? ^'^ : m -^ CJ <»« J.T3 ■ ^ Ul ■^ or." o o> .tJ O t^ Ov 00 VO 00 00 •is OO t^ > (Z i2 ,5 -r" "£ ^ M 1/1 o » H -S B « Ov 00 VO ■* ■* tT l-si O o o o 0 o o 0 . fX, %^ H ^\^ H ^u. H i H %^ H 1 H H % M '^ ^ d «: ^ ^i ! 1 o i 1^ 1 r 1 2 'a 5i-i "A 1 t^ 00 6. S 3 1 i ^ :.S i S ^ • 0 0 1 : :8 8 z S S ^ '«! 1 • •VO VO a ^ • 8 8 1 • :8 1 ° 5 H § ^ ^ 1 • 00 00 • t 1 ^ Q 1 Z S •c- 1 : >,trt 1 •ON : : 1 : : : 1 : : : 1 • ■ • ; ; : 1 : ^ : 1 ^ • ro . t- r~ 00 t^ ■ 10 VO • Ov Ov 10 «-- nv • 0 0 H • ■* ■rr >, •< - • 0 8 0 0 ^ • 0 1 ri :8 n- .00 . ^ ^ ?• 0 , ■^ • IT) ■ 0 VO • 1^ 2 1 1 s >< i :{^ e> :8 8 88 8 :8 8 ■ 0 0 ;c8 8 :8 8 •<;r ■^ • CO CO 10 CO CO • •* • ^ ■^ • 10 .VO VO- H 0 H • 00 m • Ov Ov - HOO ■ -<•> ■ 10 VO ■ t^ a s ;& 0 • 8 ■!)■ GO ^8 ^ 0 0 M Tf 0 • • 2 R: 0 H 't •VO VO 0 Ov 00 •VO VO d) 1 <; ^ " X r^ 00 ^O 00 •00 00 Ovr^ 10 VO ft >> ^ 1 >i tt H : 8 :8 8 81? I/, :a a y,8 8 88 8 • M H 1^ 't 00 ^ .VO VO t^ t-» •VO VO s ^ '-' . l/^ • lO CO 0 • r-- z M 0 r-O 0 co>0 no CO 'T r^ >oO on con CO (N CO 0 «^ 0 t- 00 Ot^ 00 OvvO 00 00 00 vovo VO OvvO 00 <: 1 88 n- S,8 - 0- 0 0 0 n 1/1 0 0 0 >no 0 0 0 0 0 0 t^ to 0 J 1 H 0. '^ 0^ M "" " a 88 8 8a 0 ^8 8 88 1 S>8 8 2^.^ 1? aic t^ 10 00 VO VO 2 S . r~0 f. ar- 0 H C< N ■rj- M M VO 1 z H " "" 8 : 0 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 ■ 8 > 0 • t^ VO • n ^ ■ ^ ^ • ^ ,4' H ^ 1^ ,4" H H W J2 ^ 8 ; 0 8 • g 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 ft >, q • ci eT ■ pT h" M ^. : S; c S ^ 0 • 0 0 • n 8 : 8 0 ■ 0 • 0 0 ■ 0 0 ft >" •S 8 : 8 0 • 0 v8 : v8 0 • 0 ^ : ^ 0 • 0 s ^ ^ g d Q- i i s S q 0" ft ^U. H >,^ h >,^ H S^ H gu. H ^^ H S^ h i 6 rt .^ >. !?; d g 0 § a fl.SS s § '^ 0 u c)^ »ii vd d 0 „• N ' N ?! 220 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Z s < i Q Z {2 1 1 ^ O • fO !3 :R s ;l % ;; : : : 1 . . . 1 :° 1 ;l 1 :; : :^ ^ . o CO • CO a :^ 1 :: i . lO lO -00 00 ; to lo • • i2 2 Q 11 : : : : : ' 'l : : : ; : : : : : : : : •ON : : : : : :::::: >• •J 1 1 1 1 < ^ :^ ^ ::? Tj- . rr i ;i 1 ;l 1 :E ■* 1 ■ o •J ^ ;o ° \% O JO I :% « ii 1 is lO .2 • •* I \l I ■:% % ■:% 4 li i if ^ • t^ 1^ • \ri l^ . rj- ■9 ;S S :^ ^ :^ ^ :% ^ :R t^ .1 1 •c S >• «; <© % \i 8 :K ^ leg J :|^ 5 :R 1/: .VO R VO o • " :| 1 |i 1 :S s is s is o : m" 1 i" I Ss 1 ;8 8 :& R d a -00 00 CO . 00 ;00 00 ■ Ov Ov X X o S2 1 1 >> -< :- H S 8^ 1^ t-vO o ooo ^ 9 9s N O CO R « S 8ti MOO M M 8 88 8 S>8 8 8^ 00 lO t^ 8 88 lO CKOO % il ft Ov 11 t W Ul «0 VO tj- ^ 8^ lO OvvO 1 iR a 6 M Ov M Tj-OO M "2 M Ma t^ M CO J :2 o J2 S. 1 4 m" 8 8 : 1 |: 4 1-- M M pT m ■ 1 |i M IH § 1 V, 1 V 1 %'■■ pT m HI M 1 r 1 |: M H 1 |i 8 M is 8 : 1 1^ 8 8 : 1 |i 4 |i M pT ■ N M ■ 1 %i M M § 1 M ■ M M ■ M H . " 1-c . M M • M M • M ^ HI . 3 "^ Yearly Salary of Supt. : |: : 4: i |; : §, ■ : 4: cS O ■ c g • 7i No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising 3fficers O • • ■£ ; : S : ; ^ : : ^ 3 :; O o ill a : : d : : ^ : : ? : : lO ir> o o; : : M HI 2" I ) CO > J m 4 CO f CO S2 5 % o r d '• § 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 221 • o 0 • ro fO •VO N ?! <; •^ • ui ., X 1 • ivB vK ; ;^ CO 2 1 1 •^ • 1/-, »^ C5 : : ! : : : : : : ;i 8v • fo CO . • ■^ •. >. ; ; :a a u Srt 6* SJ >,c/) Q •ON ; : : : : 1 : : : : : : 1 : ; " " : : • o o M o 0 • •* 'H- o o M Ovo .^ \n 5 ^ ^ ■ t '^ >A ^ •^ " 1 ^1 8 • o o • o o :8 8 o o 2 v8v|P v8 I • t t • li^ >o VO lOUl lo jivS t^ • o o ■ p< o :8 o • o o o o o O CO CO g iS .s •^ fo • M c< • M w ID N \n u in •00 00 . r- l^ • 1^ w -^ P) vO 00 •;; • lO lO .VO o • >o O CO ex, I-- O f^ or,- U^lO a, O O 00 VO on ^v8 r^ s ^ <: a- O ■ ^o r^ lo " VO »1 VO 00 r^ t^ §S 8 ir> ■ lO O O O ir^o n o o o o o O "rt X \0 • 1^ RvK t^ vSR r^ 00 t~ 00 8 O. >> ?= ^ M H s t 88 8 8 : 8 8S. o N N I? 2^ ^ vRvR v8 4^'^ t NO ^ >n 00 >?> t^ t^ (N TT VO ^ • >o H a o M t^ 00 MvO 00 COVO Ov % Ooo o> o o o n 1 in o o O in CO > t^0 M r^ rt-io Ov N in t-. C Ov H ^00 (N u s o " H O • 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 lO . a w ^ 8 : o o o • 8 in o o ■ o o • o o • o o • o o • a s s >- m^ " H ■ " " " " " " M ■ " ^ H 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 • 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 S M ■ M M ■ «s^ H • M M ■ H M • H H . M 0) V H . H • H I 1 fc. -Q x; >>h . o ■ 8 : 8 • 8 : c« ci 8 : 8 '■ Year! Sala of Supt o • 00 • 00 • o • •^ '^ o • ^ " M 1 1 N N rt R) ^ J^ S g..s g f^ ro 1^ vn -,►- Ov t^ ; ; t^ 00 «> •S •^ o 00 ^^l^-t% 1 o Ov < <; •00 •5 00 • • M ■ • : : : : :S> ft SO :8 8 : :| : : : • o o so -■■I 8 :; : :a .>o so 1 '■ 2 o • • • vO so i Q II : : •ON : : : 1 : : : ; : : : : : § s > < s M 1 E^ 1 < ■00 % :5 lO ■^ CO S il % :iC w ■ 1- 1 ■■& 00 • ^ K ii i "i% ^ -00 00 • t~» o '■■& I :? O 00 t^ O CO cs R :8 W . XT, a-:a 8 o •■o ^ . 1^ f- >o lO »o in . rt 5 ■■% ^ a. 1 1 > < 1 i| 0\ ■* "3- rf VO lO \0 NO M H o o^ X 1 - °A 2 li^? !o vo^ ;c s,8 o CO a a 88 8 H 1 "I 8 -^^ 5o vo ^ * II Ov OOM s o ■ ^/^ m lO N 00 >o ■* 0 ■* CO 3 1 12 1 1 1 < : : : 00 P) CO CO vo CO 00 O >o H OP) CO Os X 1 : : ; ; ; : SS 00 N vO 1 §& I ^ 1 : : : 00 P) CO <3 r^MD ft 88 H a L" s ^ 3 • • M CO " "" M H >o 1 .53 is 1 < 1 |i o • o 0. ■ ^ o o • CO )^ ■ H . no 00 00 00 • • •00 < r^ ®? J • 0 0 • 10 »o s z 1 >> > •^ •* •VO VO _c :|? 10 0 :8 8 < 15 2 •^ ^ 6 •VO vn ,C/3 •ON : : :| : :| : ■ 1 : : : ; : " '^ o> o> 0 M- rr ^o vn 10 >o -■- 0, 0, M cs ■. p. 3 >< • !~0 c^ 0 0 0 • \f. :8 8 ■ 0 0 0 0 u-, 0 a tl9 '^ w, CO CO ■ s>- r^ • CV) « Tf VO ^ • t^ ■q- ■ 0 n • fi N Tj- Tj- • CO CO •VO vn CO.D 00 ■^ • •* '^ 10 lO ■ m 10 • CO CO . CO CO > u^o 0 0 m . ro r-00 n 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 10 ■^ •< 00 00 00 t^ 10 r~ Oi ■J » 1 «© w " " '-' 10 Ov Ov 0 0 0 10 • 1/1 u^io u^ 88 0 0 0 0 .00 0 0 0 0 10 t^ t^ 00 CO nS '§ >> 1 s ^ »^ » M lOVO ^O 8a 0 0 • 0 .rio 0 0 0 0 U.O 0 0 0 0 PU e S ^ i ■ MVO r^ I/-; M 0 ^ • ^ ro^ 1^ CD H ^ CS l-H CO H^ t^ M VC t^ ■ 000 0 0 0 0 «- 0 ^ 0 00 r^ ■ 10 10 0 0 00 CO CO CO 00 VO t^ t^ ■ VO VO 00 CO 00 M H 1-1 « ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 lO 0 yr, 0 0 • 0 0 OiO 10 0 0 0 8v ,^. ■? M f^ f^ M W M >> r:= ro 8R n Ull/1 .0 0 0 n ID • 0 0 ■ 100 0 0 0 0 H c ro MOO 00 J>VO VO OvOi Oi ■-00 VO \n 000c 00 M i s «©■ d IH 10 •o ^ w 10 in r^ M ^■0 Oi M Tf MVO 00 -■OvC Ov X "" ••o 0 0 ■ 0 10 . 10 0 ■ 0 0 0 • 0 0 . 0 X 0 ^ . ^^ fO ■ ^- : °- : 4. ^ ^ • 0 c 0 • 0 10 • lO 0 ■ 0 0 • n - 0 • n 0 • 0 0 • 0 eu 0 • IS N • N 0 CO • CO m 6 ■ H H H H M M H - M M . M M • M Z Yearly Salary of Supt. 0 • 0 ■ 0 • 0 ■ 0 • 0 • 8 : 0 • H ■ : : ^^ '■ ^^ ^ No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ■* f^ t^ „ CO n Q, CO V3 0 • • Oi t^ »o vO 1^- 0 ■* Ov «^ cr, vO t^ t~- r^ r^ §,.2 8. 00 00 • • 00 r~ r^ t^ I^ rC (^ S.^ H S^ H ^.'■^ H ^^ H ^^ H ^^ h ^^ H ^^ H 0 •? 1 m 00 3 i 1 < •? Q d 0 1 "o U > 3 0 S 1 1 •c i ^ £ 3 4 1 ^ < VC 224 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • o O • fO ^0 J2 1 <_ • •^ 00 • ■* "^ • o o • o O s % 1 >» S 1 •g 00 • lo VO t^ >« s ■^ 00_ n- ■ w H • CO C, 1^ 3vS- €# ■o \o •VO VO ■* •VO VO -s 1 • o 8 ■ o o ■ o o • o o • 0 o o o O >• • r^ ■ ■* ■^ g tii is 2-vS- ^' N "^ w N s • •* ^ . i> H d *^ '^ • ■ VO . \r, •o •00 00 •o • VO vO l-l <) ^ H H J2 1 in S 'a"e' « '■ (? 2) ■■.I I Si Ov &% o 0 "^ H t^ 00 VO o 00 is 1 u I a >< s 4/^ H H M ^ t l\ n o o 1 £ >. tt ? : ^^ N .NO VO 1^ 00 VO ^ ^^ lO 8v^ s rt CO t fOH Tt- Ov o 2 33- • H " • ij^ r^ CO ■* \o N -t r^ • Tf t Ov is > vS-vS l-vo O t^ H "- a8 >> 1 33 o lo r^ M 1 00 *> 00 00 1^ CO P.R >- o o • 1^ 1^ • 2. o 00 00 0 .NO VO lO O t- t^ OOO 00 Po : ?n R : 8 a : a ° : o 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 t^ • l^ o <; ^ H H ■ M cT ■ M w 1 m b" ■ 0 o • n o • o o • o 8 ■ o o • o 8 : o 1 a w r^ "t • t m' • h" ^ : CO 1 >- a O • Pn 8 : 8 o • o o • y 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 l^ • «^ r^ • t^ M • (S S ^ '-' ^ ^ ** M " M ^ " o N 1 H • M H • M M • H r-> • H M . w rt . w w . M o • o ■ o • o ■ O • >^b «• 8 • TJ • 8 • ^ : r^ • R : S|o| ci ■ N ■ cf ■ JxC/3 W lis ill o M 00 ui ■* N o M If^S^fi o> VO i cr> Tj- M 00 ■t PI o 00 t^ 2 o o r» t^ VO P^ S^ H gfa H a** H ^^ H ^^ H l^tx. H ^U. H ^^ H i V c & i It- 1 h h bJV-' Q i4 ^ • "O t^ 00 d o y^ N ^ ^ M 1i 1i M « « COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 22$ • ro ro • o o • V) VO 1 > •00 00 .VO O •vO "2. Ov Ifl •^^ 1 :H 8 :8 8 :^ vH :8 8 z 1 m •VO ■o •00 00 ■ .S ■ o o • lO lO • o o ■ 0 o < ^ >< ■^ ro lO :^ ^ • 't rj- • ro ro .,w Q •ON : : : : : : : : : : : ; 1 : : : • t^ r» 8^ • lO U-) •VO VO 00 >0 1^ > •^ r-vo • l-~ ■< C ^ "T :8 8 0?^ :a g. 8^ 8 O CO o 88 8 ■ O O U) li-i lo lO •<3 >o ^ ■* '^ • r- t^ V >• S ^ H H •ij ct 88 Tf g ^ s ■ O o ^ M 00 m VO CO CO C^ ■ rn ^00 •^ ■ H H vn C^OO n ■^ ■^ VO • VO VO a -d -o % z ^"^ ■ O o O t^ O r- t^ • o o O »0 t O M o o loO R •< ■ M H H H H H ^ in ^ • 8 8 %^ a {^{^ s, :8 8 88 8 8S 8 ••O rO •a 1 1 s ^ " " M M • o 8 O »o >0 O 0 n • o o O 0 8 o o 8 e f^ 00 t^ . S '^ H M ^^ H H M H ^ 6 ■ o> Ov vO lO M M CO u^ ; '-' '-' w ■* "^ .OH ^ r- O N W 00 o> VO /1 88 8 82 8 M t^ 1 >> 1 ^^ •-' '-' •^ '-' H H ^ a 11 8 ^IC 1^ 88 8 K8 8 88 8 0 o o i S ^ " " M H " i C.00 ';^ O vo M M t^ . •? M H H N • M 1 1 ^ « §: 1 8 : 8 8 ; § li 8 ^ ■1 8 §: § S ^ I-* " N ■ ^^ 6 " " ■ '-' OJ M . H HI . '-' -O . -c> ■ " M H • M ^; -Q o • o ■ o ■ . o • ^b ^• 00 • 00 • t^ • S-^o| pT ■ ■2 ro ■ S" ■ S" ■ JxW W 03 No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers Ov o O r^ VO ^ o £- o- o. a o |c- H t^ •<^ §..2 8^ <3 ^ <3 vO VO VO VO VO Plh ;^(x. H gB- H ^^ H :^^ H s^ H :^^ H s^ H g y 15^ o S 1 1 h '3 1 i 4 1 >o 00 .^ t^ M N N M 11 £a bc o •a t^ o c^'C ^a ^^ OT3 «^d i2^ 226 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION < I 0 z fc2 1 > < . Ov Ov .00 Si '. ^ ^ ;a o • • • -^ o rt S :? Ov • (N t • • : : ^ g ;a- m^ ^ iS £ ;l & : : cd i : :^ ^ s, 6 . M M • H .S 5 11 a a cd •ON : : : : : U5 8 > Pi u s u 1 >> 1 > < F ^ r^ % iS 00 >OH § n 00 -M I ■:% ? X* rt S il 1 51 o • o »o '. lo lO t^ >o ^ H 8 :» a :° 8 ^ a CO ro CO CO CO CO 1 :» O >o O O vO CO CO r- Tj- O >^0 9 §^ (S • CO CO • CO CO 6 MOO O H CO Tt- CO t lO Tt CO lO S :? Tf MO ^ lO ^ "^ 1 -s Ov • O CO • CO CO R >> 1 >• .&^. m ^ '^^ <» Ov o .O <5MD CO >0 CO so r^ lo a \l H O ■ 1 °s VO • >o t^ 1 Ih m g. 'S,^ 00 >o (^ lO 00 t^ >o O O lo lo r- 00 (N •* C<^ • lO M ' 1 H 00 • VO s 1 1 o d H 0000 « S5 Tl- 00 ^ % \% » i; 1 H i :» a 6 CO lO 00 H CO t ^ ■* O ■ SI R ;€ 00 W !N lo 00 t^ CO t^r- t^ »o lO Ov OOVO £ H r~ t^ Ov R ^S Ov s "c5 1 ■^^ ^ 00 -co ^ c^S.^ »o 0 0 00 cs_oo a H ° ^1 lo O 0 w 00 r^ 1 d ." :« 00 H r^ lO OOO ;c 88 >0 H t^ 8 IC^ t- VO >o 1 H s 8a CO r-vo a as, O t-lO o 1 6 ^^ a • CO O C. CN « Cv) t^ M o 1 .9- o ■ ^ • 1 11 1 S: 1 i; 1 |: 8 a! 1 :| 8 8 : CO 00 • 1 CS .2 " ° : t ■ 1 ^i 1 ti J 8 : 8 8 : M M 14: M M 1 i| 2 |: 4 3 d 8 : 1 °^'--- » 00 '■ 00 r-. '• 1 |: M m" ■ 1 |: H M 1 :% :- 4: 1 6 ■z ^ : M M . H (N • CI H ■ H M • H CN • M • M H H • ••^ Yearly Salary of Supt. ; §; : 2 •• ; |i : 8 : cT ■ : 8: i li : |: 13 No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 00 • • ■* ■ • • ^ : : S : : t^ . • § : : R • • I> 1 •a 1 hi a : : CO • • ■■o : : 0 ; ; S : : m" • • 00 • ■ vo- : : o" • • lO • • o ■ ■ o ) 1 i 1 % 1 00 "CJ a. P »o 00 1 1 < H M 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 227 Z u < u Q z t2 i2 1 1 4 : : : : : : : : • 0 : :^ 0 • • 10 • • : : : : S 8 : : § • -1 I ■:■. 1 • - lO . . 0 5 II : : : •ON M s < s s 2 ^ ^ ^ 1 -< 7 '^ ^ :? ? :? ? ■:% VO • ^ CO -VO VO • 5- ^ :°^ °^ • 0 •S 1 :° 1 :€ % -1 5 :J a :& 1 ;° 1 a •i ^ -: -: :S 0 -00 ■J :5 s ; = ° i° 1 d .5 • CO ^ :^ ^ :^ 5 :% 00 • C a ;s ;^ :^ ^ i 1 4 8 tC^ S .^^ M ? 8"8 (N 0^ to r- vooo VO 00 10 !> 1 8 ate 0 o>vo VO vovo M H 8 88 8 88 8 d is OCXS IT) r^ 00 >oo (O t^vO 8 ICg, 0 vooo V? v^^ . CO 0 VO CO VO 0000 00 i |8 a la 1 '-" 0 0 -. 2 S.8 00 ^^ a 88 vO_ 1-t^ 8 88 8 a 4©^ 10 00 0 0 ^ t- 'to VO 1/1 >0 o- 88 10 8 8S s gg 0 1 l-l CO ^ ^0 0 covo 0- ^^ 00 ^vo „ „„ 0 coco VO J2 •c i 8 : H • :- 3: 0 0 • 8 1 : 1 ; ; ; 1: 8 8 : 1^ to • 8 (9 8 : 1 !^ a 8 : 8 S : M H vS : : M • • h' : |; 1 d 8 : :- 1: ! |i 8 1 : 1 ■ ■ : 8: 8 8 :| 8 1 '-' : 3 H H . M M ■ w ■ ; '" ; W H. . " Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : <> • ill: : 1; : 8 : ■>*■ 0 o H : ^^ 1 1 1 s, i 1 C3v § ■< 0 i h 228 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION % u Q z {2 w ^ ^ ^ 1 1 < . % S : : • • • V a ■ ■ ■ 1 . . O o : ■ • •ON : : : : : : : : : > 1 s J 1 1" 1 S i :S 3 o5' rr .00 ^ • CO CO • CO i 1% < •< H M • O 0 00 0 i 1 ia o 00 '■<} >? i« 8 :a to -VO 0 VO . ^ ^ : % d is o o o • o XT, • lO s §S ? is s :5 5> :'iS 00 10 . ^ % : 00 i H VO r^ . 1^ r- .vo l^ CO • CO en X o K Ov I> t^ 0 0 • 0 a 1 ;s N NOO 10 ..lO 0 00 a 8JC VO t-vO u^ 0 • VO t^ • 0 d M fO ■ « 3 ■ t^ c>< n- " tn >> 1 >- o • mm' w VO 1 !i I h 8 :a (N • Ov M 1 4! 4 1: H M 1 ^-i ^ d 4; 1 1^ 1 1: 8 :| 8 4; 4 §: 0 ' VO • ^ i H . 1 M a; M . 3 H M • M • HI H H • H H . M M . " Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : 1 ■ ; S 8 : ; 8j i 1; : 1: H ■ : S, : : 8 : : No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers »„ 1 :: 1 VO • • t • • % : : ? : : p. 1 1 M 9. • • ^ : • ? : : ° : ; VO • . % : : S ■* Ov T 298. Vicksburg,Miss . . 299. Meridian M Miss. F 1 i 1 M T 302. Ogdensburg... M 1 1 i t H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 229 >. ■^ :R 0 • • 1 . • • • CO •VO V? f, ^ ^ -.^ ■* :^ ? :S> s> z u p ! s •^ t • t d 10 :8 8 < E^ >« S •^ PO ■ ■ • Tf ^ ■ • -t u Q 2 z S •^s : : : r, S^ a >,w Q •ON : : : : : : : : : : • in • 00 ^ Tf •VO VO •VO >o ■■^ :<^ > • • 0 0 ■ 0 0 t • 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 0 w X • r^ •^ .\0 0 •vO >o .\0 VO •VO VO • t V >. ?! 1 1 1 a '. H H :.R .R :R 8 :8 8 • 0 0 . IT) •o :y, s, :^ g. «/^ CO • fo fO . CO CO .so VO CO • CO CO 1 • 0 0 M • -t t ■ .0 ui" •00 -00" • TT -I- •VO vO d • t ■* • in >/) > M • 00 00 OC 0 8^ 0 ir>0 0 10 88 8 t^ iJ 1 ^ ^ vO OvvO 00 • !>. l> MOO 00 vQvO VO • 0 0 §§ 0 0 0 I •vO VO >oo »o ■ 0 0 0 0 0 1 w "rt X 'ov^ •0 • r- t^ 8 8.^ • r^ t>. MOO M ^Bv Bv v8v8 1 >> S H " M H l-O- a :R R S,8 8 8!^ a :^ % ^OO 0 88 8 88 8 Ph Tj- • t t oo ^o •8 0 IT) • ■ 88 8 l^ 1 >- 1 :i <^ " M •^ M •^ ^ M a RH R 81^ S 88 8 u 8 • 0 0 • 0 0 H 8 0 t- o>t^ j^ VO •VO VO M s w • § X . coco vQ ^0 o> M >!j- >o o 2 M M 8 : 8 8 : ^ 8 • 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 J^ : ^ 8 : 8 0 • 0 »o • 0 • 0 • 0 y rt ■< H fj t^ H ■ w M ■ M M H c< yj ■ M w 1 «» ^ 8 : 8 §; § 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 % : CO • 0 CO §; § V: § >s H M ■ H M ■ H H • M pT " N M ■ M >^ «©^ 0 • R 8 ; 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 8 : g ^ : ?> 8 : 8 8 : g .5 >o • 0 • 0 P< CO 0 ,^ ^ ^ « ■ N " M M '^ H •^ M M •i 1 • ■• "• 1 :8 8 : : ^1 i ■.■. • • : 6 2; ■ 10 . : : : : : : II : : : ' •ON : : : «5 8 X > M S u •J 1 f5 < CO • CO ^ :ro = .;i 1 It ? :f 1 JO • 0 1 :? ? :i ■•o • ^ ° :-8 s S 0 ■ 0 ^ • CO 0 ; JN, CO • 01 0 • t a :8 •^ • CO a ;s 0 CO d • "^ vn . Tj- 0 • '^ Ov • CO •^, 2 1 ■< t^ 0 o> ^ : : : S,?^ CO 10 1^ Os t^ 00 s : ° ^ : : so • ■ ; 88 i si 8 2 •a 0 :i 8 ^? \0 vO CO ? : '■ CO • • ; p (N >00 8 1^ i • lO .0 . CO CO H Tf NO 00 M ■!)• s 0 S2 1 % 1 > < 5 II VO VO CO 1 8.S c8 ag 1 H 8 ?>^ 00 0 CO I v° 2 P I Is a 8^ CO 00 ■* 0 00 a ga to HO a 88 VO OOvO 1 6 ■h 0 0 w ■* 0 .2* a 'I s >- <■ 0 8. : 1 f: !- |i 4 |: 1 |i 8 i ^ si 8. % : H W 1 1: 1 |i 1 1 !•: i h 4 i; 1 |: pT m 8 d p) ■ M H • M M • ■ H . . H 1) jj 3 3 Yearly Salary of Supt. 1; ; 8 : : |: • "-• : 8 : : 2 ': : S S : 'B 'B No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers so ■ • •n • • t • • 10 • • ^11 III o. ■ • i ■■'■■ ^ : : VO • • 'f : : ^ : : H CO fO 00 VO VO 10 ? i 2" i 3 i . p to M CO t fi 06 f9 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 231 1 .5 ■ '■ : : : ; Is 1 ;t i : ': < 0 z S2 1 s ■■ -i 10 • CO ^ : Jo CO • • ■ :| 1 li a : : d •00 00 ■ OJ H : : 5 II \ • •OM : : : ; (A 1 >< u 2 1 1 •< eg :^ >0 . Tj- 5 :? § :S CO t-O cvi 00 0 10 VO '^f 3 lii 1 :l 1 '■& 10 . 10 S :| 0 CO 0 v8 v8^ o cs • to § d • ■* 5 :% % :^ VO • t- lO CO S ", ^■■■■-M Ov S^ :% ^ t 1 s 1 > < ■I 8 :^ 10 q lo s |l q -VO CO "ivc vS v^j;^ i; B Ov • c 10 • R 0 ■ 1 1 >: M 1 II M H M H ?7 88 VO 1> t^ Q 00 0 • 0 ■■.I & :? 10 0 CO On 0 w -I- 00 «o M 8 :^ r- -VO ^ as, VO VO -<}■ Tt VO M- * li 1 i : '^ CO . Tt- -t COO CO M CO M 10 . vr, ^ « I- 0. ■ c* -t VO ■ ^ m 1 s S2 1 1 1 >- > < H m "?. *ivo ? 8^ VO HVO 0 0 to CO VO »0 00 lovo VO t-io 00 000 § R'5; VO 1> t^ 5 1 0 0 0000 0 00 M N to 00 t^O E sg 1 1^ (N 10 t^ M 8 ° t^ q^vo 1 ^^ t^ t^OO „- a SIC §: 2I 8 S.g a RR R 88 0 0 lO 0 > « 8 : 8 8: 1 §J 8 2 : 2 § ; 1 |; 1 :a 8 8 : Ov M_ ■ 8 8 8 : M l-T 1 || c7 pT 8 § : 0 0 • 0 0 • H h" 1 i"^ 8 |: 8 B : 8 8 : ! |i 1 1^ 8 8 : S %: 1 ;a 8 §; 8 z H M ■ H M . H H • M . M M M • ^ Yearly Salary of Supt. ; |; 3 : 8 ■ ^ ^- : s, ; : |: : 1- No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 5i ; : to ■ • 10 ■ • CO -. • Ov ■ . ■ ■■ 00 • • 00- • • VO • • VO . • rt . . "^ hi f* ■ ■ Ov 4 : : 't ; ; 00 • • ■* '. '. 0 • • Ov I «o 1 £ 1 CO t 1 »o 4 1 0 CO 6 1 t: a 1 t H 232 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION <2 1 >> 1 > < "S" S" ■ ■ g g * * '. '. '. ; 1 i - ; :| 8 : : • -S g • • : : : C3 i :: I l^" S" ; '. : : •. i - • • • • • -g g ' * • -g s • ■ : : : !2 o o II : : : ; ; ; • ; •OK : •• : : u > I S ... 2 1 1 > < 00 t^ 2; -^ ••I- • t ■ so g "^ * :s a :i % :^ ^ s s \l I :l % \% I :s K Is ^ ;° 1 d ii 1* % \l I \l I \% 0 . ir, 5 :^. -: ;s g 6 ? :S : H " •? 5 :^ ^ :? 1 1 < ^ 1 :S g '• • 0 •" • : :R 8 s : : 1 \l « :: : ^:§ ^ : : : ;^ 8 d is : ■• : 11 \ \l ^ : ! .; H ^ : : : ;^ a ..: : : ^: S' ■ ■ > ■< L" m 00 o^ 5 S^ 1 H % : 2, s O jr. li p 8 S,^ ro 0000 00 • ^ s ^£ 0 00 ^ 8.^ 1 - a ii K as. \0 »-^ S> ^8 \0 > 0 CO H bo bO COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 233 II S3 «>t; o. « S C alffi to PO 00 t^ to to »i-i o O 10 o o O 1^ o o O fO 00 O to t^ t^\0 o o to ro vOvO ~T~rT O >0 P) 00 t^ 10 - ^ !z: :z O t^ o 00 to tT CO 000 too C^00 o o O O o i J^ in o o ^ i I i CO CO ■-9 a 1^ 234 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION . . • o o • lo IT) . . 1 W3 CO JO < •^ t • r>. r^ :R R .vo ^ ^ •s rt 1- &% p « :R R ■ o o ■00 00 < iS S •^ • ro fo ■ •<}• ■* . • fr> CO • O in Q t2 "Z, S -c- JhW Q •ON : : : : : : ■ '\ R2 • o o • -^ t ^ ■ ■* •* • CO CO •< €© :R :^ •vO V3 2 •» ^O r^ lO t^ ■* • ■* ■* 1 1 >^' :?n O ■00 00 R{^ o ■.^ ^ : Si, s> is rO • M- ^ f» ro ■ fo CO •^ • M- ■^ • -"l- ■* >o CO >• S HH R RR •00 00 coo CO >, <: «^ S p 1 >> 1^ 1* a 8 lO t- CO t^ • c s o o R o o o O CJ. PL, § ^^ Ov O t^ : "* VO CO CO 6 W M ^ W (N 'O OOO ^ < §8 :^ ^ l>vO i- \o >o .8 8.::^ !3 ^ L" 8 IT) V.?. iA >^>^ X ^ ^ . j> r^ t^O '^ «vO so avO 0* 1 1 m a U c« ;» ^ H 1 lo in «0 U ■ : o R : 8 > y >, <; H ■ H ■ H H K 1 — ^ §: ^ 8 H Cl, 1 "I : c^„ W % Ov • o> ^^ : ^. 8 : 8 k\ 8 00 H »i 1 o- • |: ^ " m i " : " 3 " : *^ ^ 3 " ; - -: " 3 Yearly Salary of Supt. m 1 1 2 •. • : 1 2 : ^^ 8 : d 1 ^ - W'isl ^ 15 <3 1 1^ '^ 00 ■^ ^f-mt 1 "^ ^ 1=? : : 't ■* "% ^ ^ CO PI M M fO ^ flH r: H s o H d i o H 1 H H i o 1 S r ^ 2 IS f^ 3 & 3; ^ ■* 00 o COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 235 v> Z ■< H Q Z t2 1 1 x' d : : 5- : : • : : : • • • :' ': : :g, § \ : • • : :| a : : 3 : :;^ . . . !2 0 n II •ON : : : : : : : 8 1 > U s u •J tn 1 7 ■5 ? ^% I \l fO • CO CO • CO CO CO ^1 1 ;i i H I ':% =5> :^ ^ :% i 'm ■S :| ^ °S I ':% % :^ & ;§ 8 :m' CO • CO CO d ;5 ■ >o lO • fO S ^S5 ^ :^ ^ :?, ?^ :^ ^ .J; ^io 10 VO Tt- 00 10 i 1 &I a ^s a 8S 0 v0>0 M3 10 f- s d 1 a; a 8? M ;2 OR i^ 10 0 0 vO >0 wo vo ^ 0 1 . <^ • 00 HVO r- 0 ^ ^^ ^ :l^ CO 1 II 8 || 1 '' 0 0 00 i> 00 t^ 2 88 00 0 vO 1 ;^ i d II 1 p 10 f~-to 1 ^S N 0 0 % sa ^ -.^ CO ^ • t ^ W Tt- « 0 • .0 ■" d >< s >< > < 'i 0 0 • 0 0 • 1 %-■■ H i-T ■ 8 8: 1 |l 1 ^i 8 8; 8 1 :§ 8 8 : 0 t- ■ R »: I 11 8 i; 1 ^1 a a: 8 ^ M M H H M M .2 ^ 1 sl 1 |l ° °; 8 8 : 10 o> . 8 8: a i; 8 d 2; ■ '^ H H • ' H H • M 0, . M HI . " Yearly Salary of Supt. §; ; 1: : 8 : : 8 : : § : : § 8 : : -3 t : 1 : 8 : ^ " ' . No, of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ■ • 0 • • :? : : t- • • CO . . S :: CO III % : : ^ '. '. M 00 • - <^ ; ! ro fo ; : M • . 0 CO 1 0 W 'A i 0 Q 4 6 a 1 w d d U i «-s 1 p 1 c d H 236 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 5^ 1 4_ : 15 : : : • • to CO • • H . . 1^ . . : : : ■ • -1 ^ : : : : : . CO ^ ^1 ? ;: • t- t^ . . 1 : • : : ; 0 Q II ^J5 • • : : : : : : •DM : : : : : : : : : •■ ■ : : : : u >■ 1 1 E 1 1 > < ^1 1 >: ^'33 3 '■- J^ CNOO Ov t^ M CO 00 t^ to • 10 ^ :5 z S S • 00 1 :-^ 1, ^1 ^- :§ 1 H ^ :S, •* • to i/\ ■■i « :s »H ^ :?! 10 CO to 0 t^ »^ g ■:% i--:% § d .. M • to 33 3, : * "J 1 - S :t t^ J2 •1 c >2 ■< MOO S %-S 3 -^ S 1: H ' i ^i VO • • X «00 i y I33 3 ■•'^ 1/1 H • % K : M^ NO • is « p *^ 33 3 :^ ? q : 10 to • q ^^ ; VO . • d 00 • en 1 X i2 1 > 8 8? M H °- 33 '5- M-O \0 M Ov to >o 0 1 ^S 1 II 8 11 H MM ^ is g as, M ^ OS 1 ii II 8 8a 0 "^vO 0 ^ 33 \0 0 ifi 0 00 •0 (N Ov 0 >o 0 0 00 S) VOVO 0 i, ■< > 1 8 : 1 1 1 1 s; N M M l-T 1 l-i 1 %i H M 8 8 : 10 1^ • H W 8 H 8 : 1 1; 1 "^\■ 1 |i 1 !i 1 |: 1 |i 8 i 8 : 1 |: 8 a : 0 fO • ci M :- 1; I 4; H HI 1 |: M H * 1 |: M h" ■ M d 2 " : w w • M M . • - ^ -: HI M • M HI • ^ Yearly Salary of Supt. ; 2 : M ■ : 1; : 8 : 00 • M ■ 1 3 3 : ; No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers ^ : : 00 • • ^ 1 ; : 00 • • % : : i» 0 '• • CO • • 1 :: S 8 : : to CO . . H H H 00 • : 2 • • 00 ^ d 1 H C c i 1 L t H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 231 • to m , . • CO CO • o o > < • 0 o •vo vo • o o (/) 52 1 • •^ • •'I- ^ S :^ S" ••^ T ••8 8 0) 1 •4 't • to \ri • u^ lO d • 0 o ivg v8 :8 8 >< § •^ rr • M M • f- t^ ■ \r, 1 J 11 4) rt • to •00 00 : Q >,W •ON : : " H . . • lO in . vo lO vo ■ O o ■■ ■ ■ ■o O • VO vo ■ t^ t^ > • rO ro • ^ • fO CO • -t Tj- ■ •* •^t ^ < ^ 1 • O O • 0 O to 00 • 0 o 15 • ■* t • o o> Ov .o U) • •* ■> S m 1 1 ■ lO m • 0 O • o O • o o • o 0 1 f! >« ii ■ vo vo • vo vo Vi ^ OO • ^ CO .. "^ • CO CO ■^ (M • o. o> ■ t^ t^ CO •vo vo • fo CO •00 00 • ■* ■ lo • 1^5 .0 00 a O CO M • ^ Tj- • 0 o z r^ • r^ t^ o> q vo o • -t ■* • t^ J^ a < «o • >o VOVO vo 00 .vo VO •vo vo s s _^ 1 ^ " lO . to o o • to • o o w t^ t^^ vo o o • .o io "rt t« vO ■ ^ VC t- q ov .vo vo .a "u s m H _c >< ^ iOlO o o -Q- ^-Q- -Q- ^-Q- o p:^ j^ r^ o .o ■ CO co • o o -o • vO vo VO vo 9. ■* • vo VO • vo vo is m^ • H - M ■ /^ "^ •* t^vO vo r^vo >o vo vo vo vo vo vo >. •< ^ 1 — o ^ >o O O o O lo u^oo 00 o o o < O O -Q- o o o O . '«© " " " H *^ " *" *" • 0 o o • o o • O • o o ■ o o • o o ■ O • o o • o a >, 1 • M 00 t • -^ CO O m CO Ov in 00 00 00 f~ "O ^^ .o pT eT cT O - M Oh S U3 4 H 8 50 H d h i 4 i o H H 6 B •a 11 o u O w ^ '^ hj 6. 6 M pj ro 4 \r, vd -o i> r~ r^ t^ r^ r^ w <«i « ro CO CO CO CO I 238 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION z u i Q 1 1 >" < • 0 0 . • ! ! ! ' ; 1 : : s • 0 g : : : : : ri :8 % .. : : : 1 • 0 • H 0 ■ . . 0 Q : : : ; : •CM : : : : : : : : : : 2 u en > i i2 u •g 1 >< > •< vO 0 >0 S IS 2^ :^ to • ■* ■t CO to »■ • M CO • CO to • -t ? iS S i •£ >o 0 0 •0 "OvO 1 li 1 :s 8 Sg; ^ :v8 v8 :8 CO • ^i^ 8 :S' 10 -VO vS ^1 8 as g 8^ o* .\o "0 PO ^ -^ to . 0 0 too Tt VO vS :^ 00 M . to M • 0 to • to 0 1 2 >> > 10 0 <^ t^ 0^ 00 00 ^ 00 • 0 0 00 C? °^^ t^ ■ 0 ^ • 10 0 • 0 M • VO »0 -00 0 00 1 P ^ 1 .^a M j>0 8 85. 0 HOO M 8 II i ii i ;i VO -00 0 00 i H m § H 5 ;8 • 0 |a 8 5^^ 10 TJ- Tj- S. ^8 I -s, 8 :a in -00 0 00 i > 1 1 > ^ 8^ 1^ Jl^vO 0 • fO ?2 8^ >0 VO VO 1 is 5 8| § KS to i 1 - 8 ;1 VO VO t^ 8 :| VO • ■* 1 11 8 H 8 d ;8 I 11 a :8 a H ° il I li 8 88 I SI VO z .vO VO H C^ Tt • to to ts -t VO • lO lO • CO to H .^ 0 H 10 ^ J2 S. 3 1 1 > 8 : 8 8 : 1 «i 1 |; I ;°« i i] 0 • • g S 8 8 : 1 ^: 1 |; 1 i'- « i] S 8 : 1 w ■ d v. 8 8 : M l-T 8 8: 0 0 • I?) JQ ; 5 :°» I %] ^. i] I :; 0 2 ** ; H M • H CS • (S M . H . H - " : M VI ■ '^ S" ; • Yearly Salary of Supt. 0 ; 1 ■ : 2 : : |: : |: : : • M ■: 1: : a : No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers vS • • . . . \n '■ ■ ^O • • 0 • • 00 • • 1^ ■ • % : : ' ill % : : 1 ;: 00 • • t^ • • fO • . IN ! ! ^ : : 8 1 c 1 < i . i 00 i H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 239 • <^ ro • 0 0 • 0 0 S ^ U) •< ■a •* • "^ 10 M ■ 0 0 • 0 0 :8 8 < 0 K U Q s >- s ■a c :8 1 :S, e- : : ■ 0 : :% % ■.: 6 • •>t ■* ! " •^ • (N N 0 •^s u a >.(/5 Q •ON : : 1 ; : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : • 0 0 c^ • a Ov 0 0 00 .00 vn • 0 0 H •<3 VO • fo CO • CO CO j^ <; ^ :R n • 0 0 • 0 n »o 0 to • 0 0 • t^ 00 t^ Ov r- >. s ^ 2 1 2 • 0 H • 0 0 • Tt- ^ • 0 0 0 to 10 10 0 0 • 0 8 e S '<§ CO • \ri 1/5 s 0 • 0 S m • to ^vo 0 10 ■ to z t~- ■ r^ • r^ u s td Ul 1 n io- • lii lO ■, m H i^ ■ 0 0 0 6- 8 0 0 n in^ xo- to 10 - .0 88 0 12 S s • io IT) 0 0 0 >o 0 covo 0 1 •00 00 q^oo q. 00 VO 00 VOVO VO o_i> H^ 0. 0 R 0 0 0 0 0 0 \ri 10 l/^ 0 to 0 0 0 H a 8^ M 1^ 1^ 0 10 VOVO VO 00 VO VO t^ u 03 S ■^ d •^ ^ M CO 't H Tt 10 HO) CO 'tCO : : N N ^ 0 • 8 0 • to • to S 0 • 0 • 0 « «^ 0 ■ n 0 • n Ph 0 ■ H ■ H S m " " " " 6 3 • : S: '-' *-* : *" " ; '^ 3 ■ s '■ 0 • 0 • 0 ■ 0 • 0 • ni 0 ■ 0 • •3 «v« ci^ *c3 00 • Sl3 ° 3 <3 ■^ « c3 .Gf ach- and per- cers ro 6 10 ^ 0) VO ■a t to &h^^->^ 0 ■ ■^ : s .5 i o Q 12. ■ •ON • • : : : : (A >• S 2 2 < VO • ^ S :8 = :5 t • ^ ? :^ ^ s ^5 5 ;i I \l I \l ^ :8 8 :a §> I \i to • 1- ^ • to Jo . i 5o I \l 8 6 •VO -s ■■% % :5 ? :^ -a :^ % :% VO CO >< < Is VO VO • a ^ : VO VO • ^ "0. : VO 00 • 00 • VO J> • R l\ I P 1 y 8 d H I h\ h l\ a 2 : >o 00 ■ I Is a 8E >o 00 ^ r- ■* 6 M fO -^ N • > < ■.VO VO 00 r- >0 00 t^ 0 OOvO P) 0 VO H 0 \ri H • ! |a 8 88 lO -^vo 1 6 • \n •ir, (N > < 2 § ; \ :g Sv S_ : !? 8 : 1 1 8 : M • I V- \ ''-^ 0> H '• = 1: H H 1 d 8 : I \\ 8 ;a 10 10 • h" h 1 |i 1 z — " • 3 M H • H ■ M H H • H ^ H . 3 M HI " Yearly Salary of Supt. 1 l\ : a : : 8 : 0 • 1 " No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising: Officers 1 ■■ 1 * ; : ^ : : ^ : : vS 1 : : 1^ }ii 1 : i 8 :: H ^ •. -. ^ ■ ■ H ^ ^ : : 5 2^ • • S : : ^ ; 3 393. Augusta, Me 394. Tiffin, Ohio. . . .M T 395. PhilUpsburg.. .M N.J. F T 396. S. Ste. Marie. .M Mich. F T 397. Pine Bluff M Ark. F T 398. Alpena, Mich... . 390. Peabody M Mass. F T 400. Framingham. . .M Mass. F H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 241 • fo ro • 00 00 ■ a o> CA 12 <: ■a '"' ■ ■ 1 ■ 0 0 :8 8 t^ g 1 >» •4 ■t •^ • ■^ c • 0 n • CO CO • t^ < s •^ • 't Tf • a n. • "l 10 •VO VO f^ > •^ • •<)■ • ^ ^ •VO VO . CO s ■< • 0 0 • 0 0 on • CO CO 0 • Tf t 1 • 0 0 ■ 0 0 • 0 0 •VO ? e ■u <5 ■0 0 .KO -0 • <^ t^ g 1 ;« ■ 0 8 :8 8 ■ 0 0 • 0 n • » Ov • 0 0 0 .S ■^ • CO CO • CO CO CO . lil \n • M ■^ U • t Tf • 0 0 ■ 0 VO • 0 0 :? ? • CO • CO CO ■ CO CO • ■* • CO CO > H? n> • 0 0 0 CO 0 •00 00 0 0 •VO VO 00 • en •VO VO w • t^ 4 vo ■ t^ 1^ 00 ^ HVO 00 Ov • Ov • ■* ■* s (fl ^ ^ «© •^ " (U 88 H :8 8 88 8 • 10 1? 88 8 •00 00 8 : i rt f^ • t^ 00 m 10 vO 00 r^ VO !2 1 1 <: ^ s II 8 85^ 8 8y> 8 :8 8 M u 8 88 8 • t^ 0 0 0 • 0 0 "i 8 0 0 0 • 0 0 ■ 0 CO CO 0 0 0 0 vO t^ 0 r- r^ 10 M :s ^ '-' d uo .KO vO H ■* lO (N "1 l^ NO VO P) r^ Ov »: 8 a: a °: 8 S: 1 r-. 0 :8 § l\ 1 0 ^ ^ < ^ • i4" M M ■ • 1^ ^ s 1 ^ fl 8 : 8 8 : § S : 8 V: s s; § ;§ I l\ 1 •? H M H 2; • -n^ - 1: y> : 8 : l- l- §: 8 : 8 : s-^^l ^ § IN " P. ci ■ * " ■ ci • >,C/3 W "•ggs^S t^ 10 10 ^H53tn>§ t-~ CO t^ -gfi? 00 00 00 tr^ VO VO J^ §..2 8^ M Ah g^^ H H m^ H m^ H ^^ H gu. H m^ H i H as b2 1 > ■3 1 h S:; 0 « Pi < m ^ 0 2. I f? ? ^ i; i, t ■* ■* Tf ■^ s m e : :S> o ■ Ov Ov D ^ z o s-^ . . t >,t« d •CM : : : : : ■. 1 : : : : : : : : : ir> O • o o . H H t^ lO 1 > < '3 « •^ •^ • i/> lO fO Tf VO ^ •* •VO VO • ^ O • o o .rio o lO • 8 o • o o tfi rt • ^ >^ •MD ^ .so vO VO 't VO ■ o o • ir> m & >. s ^^ ■ H H w ^ S5 • o n • lO ir, lo O lOlO n ■ O o >« o H • fO ro fO fO CO ■* ro VO N • CO CO ^ ^ ,<-> ^ o (NO 00 w O vn • ro rr, • M • 't ■^ c, w P) > ;2; s o R!^ 8 •-vH >, > OOO Ov OvlO o • VO VO VO lO V3 I^ VO M rSR RR 8 (I) u^ on o t^ o • O • o 03 rt O CN o »vO o> •■O t^ • r^ • VO VO >> 1 S ^ ". " " O lo lO o o ■ o 0 irio O o • 8 :R o > ^ 8.y> ci^ .s 00 t^ r^ •o s m H H i (N <^ lO ■* lo Ov ■* - • ■i£ ■O l> lO ^ VO < ^ :% R RoR Ro R^ 8 R 88 8 r^vo OlO Ov VO O t^ 00 VO 00 >■ ^. m M ^ f. R F^J >- O O ■ lO . p) • • o ■< H ■ M M ■ H M H M ■ M H H W Ul rt 1; R R : R R : R R : 8 8 : 8 • 8 g S. 1 ^ : • h' °- 1 S >< m 8 : 8 R :« R R : R 8 : 8 8 : 8 :8 8 PL, lO T)- • s ^ " •^ " " M ** '"' ^ H M z 8 : o • ^b ^- 8 : eg : *3 t^ • . Yeai Sala of Sup m " o ^ ■13 II o^ls^S w • • >n "' u, " lo No. Tea ersa Sup visi O ^ ^ o H ^ t^ a-2 o> Oh gtx. H ^^ H S^ H S^ h ^^ H s^ H ^^ H •A -6 1— > >< K rd O fc (3 l^ 'ii h d. ^ 0 4 o f i 3 3 O )4 M o f „• f^ •t «A VO 1- ■* t ^ ^ ^ ^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 243 I z 5 1 1 > >" • • • t^ 0 • • ^ 0 ■ • lO • • . 10 i^ a :: • '^ i • ■ • <-^ t^ • ■ Q 1 :: • -^ •ON " : : : : : ; 1 ; : " 2 u >< S 2 1 1 1 < i d 5 :» >o -00 ^ • 10 00 • t- g :J ^ :R VO • Tj- R ic? CO -■■I s -l 8 :^ 10 .VO 0 ■ >o CO • I^ VO • "^^ VO . 10 ^ -VO ." :k 0 ■ 0 VO • VO VO ■ 0 0 ■• 0 i is a :S S :8 CO -co 8 :J? CO • 10 s ;° I 1% ^ d :5 ■ 0 ^ :S> CO "• CO CO • CO !0 ■ CO CO • ^ Tt . CO CO • t^ Tl- 1 a 1 1 < 1 i 1 :^ 00 tM^ 10 VO VO Tf 10 0 VO »Ot^ VO VO -"t 5 II 8 as ! ¥ 1 JOO >^ :^ 10 00 00 i .s 0 ; 0 ; 0 R -00 a 8 : 00 •* ■ 1 §: 8 °: I 2 ; 8 0: 8 : : " W H H H H (N pT h '-' ■ 0 ; 0 ; 0 g> 8 : 00 ^ • i §: 8 »:• 8 8 : lO H . 8 8 : i :•: ^ M H H CS 8 : 00 ^ • H 1 1; 1 |: 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 : ; d 1 Z 1 " : H • H H H ■ M H • M M . M M • H 1-1 • " ; : Yearly Salary of Supt. : i; : 1; : I : : 8 : : R ■ : |: ^ - No. of Teach- ers and Super- Officers m ■ ■ Tf . ■ 10 • • ? : : ly, . . >o • • v§ : : CO ill c2 00 • ■ 1 H M . ■ M vO • • 8 : : §8 : : 00 • • 0 : : 0 • • §8 : : 0 . . 1 0" ^ T 418. Mankato, M Minn. F T 419. Lawrence,Kan.M T 420. Sherman, Tex..M T 421. Bath, Me M T 422. Ottawa, 111 M 423. Portsmouth — M N.H. F T 424. Little Falls.... M N. Y. F H 244 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION i < Q Z i2 1 4_ 1 1 »o . \r, "1 -/-^ 10 '. "^ 3 • • :8 8 ;; ■ O K i° 8 ii d •J S. ; : : :° 8 :a a : : : d • N vj • ■ 2 Q % : : : •ON : < s u 1 J? 4 s •i ^ :% 00 • » ? is 3 3 ■ "^ a [S -: ;i 5 ;g a a8 10 f-\0 a :8 1 .s ■l 8 :S 8 :8, & :8 8 aa s ^s a 6 :% % :^ Ci • cs H -00 .2 00 H « .1 1 < ■^ -t IvO g. 2 : O 00 ■ " s^ ';;r -^ ^ : ° K i.K - |: :- -' t^ '0 vo .5 i ■:% 8 :^ 8, 8 : •o »o • ° a» 8 is 0 1 I-^ rf ;00 10 ^-,, ^ 3 (A X X o i2 1 1 1 4 i^ S> 8^ S : : : ;£ cooo to 1 ll 1 1." « \l : :S, vO l^^O 0 IS & IS O • • ; :o 8 H » |»- 00 d M lO Tj- . . o -5 t 1 1 > < 8 : 1 i: : 8 : 8 8 : 1 si s |i 1 1 1 :: : 8 : 8 a : N 0 • s |i cT ■ 1 s, i i ; |; H M 8 a : S |: 8 1 "" : " 3 3 S: . N . CS H • H H . „ „ . " Yearly Salary of Supt. a ■ . d 03 O • C S o • : -3 -3 °- : o o s5 c« ; |: : 4: M to i H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 245 . . . . . . M i2 -< ••S ^ M ; :S> s> : 2 >, s tii e* s m^ a ■ 0 0 < 0 E^ >< S ■<^ e» • •* r)- . Q Z z 0 : : '• ^ Q >,« •ON : 1 . H • \r> 10 •vO vn • CO CO OvO CO ■* •^ <: (J X : jj I? :% ^ :8 8 • 0 ^ 8^ 8 in i^ ir> *>• fi >. ?! 2 u to H s • 0 8 ■ 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 a ■a r- ro •VO ^o • 00 (Yl COM • «s N • CO fO N :5 • ^ ^ :8 8 • r^ t^ ■.^ -i/s 00 00 ^ s ^ S < • \n l/^ 0 0 u s • t^ t^ :^ 0 '22 00 • r~ r^ t^ a >. ?; ^ 2 • »o "1 :8 8 • 0 . M H 0 0 0 a 10 . \n U1 1/1 10 S 1 ■ to • N w • t^ t^ ■ ■* ■^ UT* Ov ■ 0 n ui 10 >o ^8 •00 00 fO 10 vO<5 VO i ^ ^ 00 S2 1 1 1 1 g> ;| 1 §1 § ^^ ^ ."1 v? a :{^ a :St % 88 8 >oin ID 88 8 • »o r- t^ t^ t^ (A S «^ 6 • o> 0 • 0 o> • Ov >. •< H X J2 "(3 s :^ 8 0 ; s> r-. § i\ I 1 •c 1 S ^ H M • 0 0 0 • 0 ■ 0 ■ 0 0 ■ 0 a :8. i^ >o 8 : 8 ^ : ^ 2 'm M * " d • M w M • W w • (H M • M * ^ ■ 0 • 0 • n 0 • 0 • . ic/3 W 0 rt 0 0 c4 No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 1 N • • ui . . xo ni 1 • • ^ : : •* ^ 1 >n on CO 0 CO (i ill 0 6 H 10 0 0" d H 0' ^ Ov 0 fU 1 1 1^^ H l^u. H ^^ H Q ^^ H ^^ H 0 >< ^ C/2 1 d 1 1 1 X 3 0 c;5 1 PQ ¥ 6 1 10 tA. 06 d 6 '*• '^ I •^ r t •* ^ ^ 1- 1 246 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • 0 0 • N N • 0 b in Z 1 < i" ^ ^ 1 X • 8 8 ;y. Po • w I^' 1 s '^ • "^ • to 10 d :8 8 • 0 0 • 0 0 ^ >« :s •^ • N , 1^ ^ • Tf ■t .VO VO to N Tf '^ VO -s S :H 8 0 lO to • 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 ^ 0 0 0 0 >- 1 Eii is ^ ■* CO fO • c^ fO • '^ ■* m-t '^ W CO « VO to to ■ 0 0 tToO ■ t^ r- ■00 no M t^ on H Ov 0 . • ■* ro cs N ?< (N CO > '^, Pi 0 0 m ■ ro CO 0 ro •00 on to to to u t^ t^ > vo »o -"J- Tj- • ^ COvO 00 ■ ■o VO VO Tf 00 00 00 ^ <: ^ 0 0 n 0 0 n :R 0 8i^ R • 0 n to 0 to 0 0 n i^ rt \o >o ^ ^00 • r^ t^ 1^ to 00 Ov Ov a. >. s «^ 11 H s 0 0 0 0 to • 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 to 0 0 0 0 0 c i^ (NVO VO •VO \o 00 VO VO s ^ 1 CO.O 00 M »0 vO .VO o 0 0 to 0 0 to • 10 to 0 CO CO ^ 1^ • f- 00 00 00 ^ ^ •< ^ " it: 10 \n 10 • \n {^8 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 . 0 0 0 Ul t^ 1 1 ^ w "■ 0 ''- 10 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ■ 0 0 . 0 0 0 H a KO t 0 • • t^ t^ r-00 en 1 S i^ i N^ 00 Tj- • ^ M 10 0 H to VO • ^ Tj- . . to TJ- Ov 0 • 0 R : R 0 • R R : R R : 0 1 <; ^ • 1^ uj" • ^ pT ■ N ^ W m 0 ■ 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 . f^ w X %. '■ ^ !^ 8 ■ X >. ■? i-T ■ ^ ^ • cs ■ cT 1^ • M ^ £ ^ m a 2 0 • ?o R : R R : R R : R R : R "- • Ov • 0 0, • 0 S m ^ " " ;c/) w 0 c3 d on-" t~~ 1^ "■slug's Tl- t ■^ ^ VO c< VO 'V ^hM ^ ^ Ov >o VO 10 to 00 a 0 0 VO 111 Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov O. S^ h ^^ H ^^ H S^ H ^^ H S^ H S^ H >; to d % > rt t=i^ fU :^ < "d U 1 >> 1 i I 1 h 2^ 1 c < 5 1 1 ^ t ^ t ^ •* to ^ ^ i COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 247 • 0 0 . . K 13 •< •^ rO S :8 8 ■a d :."o Po fiJ >< S ^ • • . • 10 10 z U Q ■ : : : •ON ■ : : : : : : : : : : : 1 : : : : : : : 1 . JH M 0 0 ■ t^ t^ 0 N . H H ^^ VO- • Ov Ov 5<^ •<1- ■< ^. «<^ ■* >o \r) 0>vO 0. • ■* ^ voir, VO ?, tCH 8 H • fo ^ 2 • vo Tt-CO •0 ■^ HOO H Tt lo . ro ro M • c^ c^ to m CO cs > 0 ;2; 1 • 10 0 • » 0 0 0 • 0 ■ 0 8.R 4 ■t VO • 0 • t ■t •< ^^ VO in\0 <5 10 • \o 0 VO l^vo • 10 in Q-'^ - 0 ■ 88 0 CO 00 00 • 0 0 8JC 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 1 1 s H^ 00 >0 r- 10 t- t^ 1> 1^ • t^ f- 8^ 8 8 00 10 >n >o>0 .vo VO f-O VO M s <^ d - wo 00 M N (N «0 13 • 10 u-i H U-) VO VO c^ 2; ■ 0 • 8 0 0 • 8 0 <: ^ M ,4" • • • M H a J2 m S ? R : 8 0 • ^ 8 • 8 8 : 8 :8 8 a N • 00 • 00 H- • «i : ; °- ". •S s >< i^ 8 : 8 ?n : 8 : 8 8 : 8 : :8 8 li J ■ 00 : 00 ° • H H H • H M • ^ H • '-' " • ^ 4) -ii . • • H '" z Si ^"^ 0 ■ early alary of upt. if) 1 : °°.. : V- 'a 2 vq • >.C/1 VJ oJ o-sis^e ^ m :?> '^ 1 % "0 No. Tea Sup visi Offic 1 ' iH 0 d d oi 6. 10 6; d PL, ^^ H ^^ H ;^_^ H ^^ h -^ ^fa H ^^ H H d 1 c> > > : : : : : 10 . . : :S> ^ ^ ^1 1 :■ • • ■* ■* a : : • ■* Tj- 6 (A 2 Q % •ON : : • • • ■ • • • ■ • • : i u > i U S Id e 1 .2 1 ■4 1 1^ %% 10 lO lO ^ :% % li 1 :i 1 ;i ^ ■* . 0 1 :§ 5 ;8 a :l 1 :i 1 :| 1 .S • 0 8 ^8 S, :■?, -^ :s s :J ^ :s to • CO CO 1 • f^ CO ro a '■% •a :-s vO • vO •ft :S ^ 1 1 < II 0_ t^vO » |: S i^ 1 :^ a :i % is 10 II 8 8S> 0_ OvvO & 1; 1 :^ 0 ;s a :l 1 :«. a II 8 2>8 § §: 1 :^ 0 :8 a ■]% 1 i8 a 6 M N rr, ro N ^ " : i 1 1 < 00 <^ »^ 00 00 «> 0 •^ • 1 ia 8 88 10 00 "^ ^ 0 10 vn 00 vn 5; :^ a 0 2 II 1 r 1 1: I ;§. I sl c8 (»vO 00 1 <> 8 d P m 0 t^ t^ « »: 1 :» a »a a »5 0 i M l> 00 ^^ a 0 -^ ^ :^ 1 1 1 ■< 1 li HI W 1 1^ 1 s- S> 8 : 00 ^ • 8 8 : M M 8 8 : <5_ 00 • 4 2 S 1 1; « si - "■ 8 5; S> 8 : 00 't • 1 |i 1 1; ! d ^ II m" m 1 1^ H M 1 »; a 8 : 00 't ; M M H 1 Ii M H 4 i H • . ^ .; M M • - - : M W • H H . H H . " Yearly Salary of Supt. 0 ■ 0 i 1; ; 1; : i ': M i 4; M ■ No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 10 • • S, : : =!^ : : (n ■ ■ 0 |ll 2) to § : : 6. ■ • 0. • • ^ : : 0; 1- ) % 06 ii s 4 1 1 1 1 u Ii 0 z 3 H 2i| §13 -^^ 8-a O O ^ =1 II ►Si? COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 249 . • to to £> J.- • 't •- § •««? to • wo wo Q Z t2 1 T >. >. j ; <«~ « rt ■| >.C« •ON ; : : 1 : : : : : 1 : : : wo 0 •00 00 ■ VO VO • VO VO • vO VO 0 (N H • vO VO • 0. Ov •00 00 •VO VO >■ 33 ^ ^-^ lO • to to • 'T >> .2 •< ~o" ■ 0 ~"o~ • 0 ~"o~ • 0 ~o~ • 0 0 rt 00 000 00 • 0 .8 • 10 wo wo • wo 2 >> 1 33 « Tt U1 10 •VO • Tf •* ■ •«• ^ • wo >o y 1 "~o~ :8 0 •00 ~00~ • 0 0 • 0 0 M >< 0 0 0 0 to • VO VO • 0 0 ,y ^ 33 m •* ■* ^ • to to • to to • to to • ^ ^ MOO -or • ^ -* •00 00 ; °' Ov • PI PI CO 6 ^-\^~. ^_^ to to • to to • CO PO > Z 33 ^ Pi ■■ 1 0 • "~o- 0 0 ~o- PI lO ~o- wo 0 VO 0 ^ 00 w ro • to 10 10 VOOO ■* Ov M 0 wo PI 0 >■ Q 0 0 o m'*" a VO >n VO ■* wo VO wo VO s u J2 .55 J5 •< ""^ ««^ T 8 : ~T sS X 10 ui VOOO VO S^ T 8^ 8 "5 <« ^^3 o> • Ov r^ 10 -t WO r» 10 t^ a >. S 1 1 «© ""o~ 0 • ~o~ ~6~ 00 >o ~C0~ wo wo wo 0 wo wo "C >< N p MOO Ov Ov Ov vgS. (^ .S '^3 r^ 15 • Tj- t^ tr, 10 iri ■* ■* ■t wo § 4^ ^ ^ • ■* ~~to" "0 P) t^ M to ■* P< M to 1 ^ WW • 0 ""o" to 0 ~o~ I/O Ov WO wo wo 0 0 0 • CO to 00 >o t^ to ■t wo wo wo 0 wo N <; 33 3 VO VO t^ ^ VOVO VO q_vo M S2 s ""o~ :% "T" 8i^ ~sr vouo WOW; 00 00 wo 00 8a 8 t/3 rt '5"o' Ov .\0 VO t^ J-» i^ VOVO VO O^vo o_ 1 1 s m^ " ■^ T ■ 0 ■~o^ ""o~ >o 0 " ~0~ 0 wo wo 0 0 0 >< • ro to Tj- ■* Ov Ov O^^vo i 'a"o' CO .^o VO VO J^ >o VO "0 lO wo TJ- TJ- VO <» *^ . • cs s to , H " M M W U) >> m g s 8 • X ro ■ to 8 ; 1" 8 : y 8 : X 8 : 8 1 h" M h" * ^7 2 ^ c |: X fO - to I] J 8 : T" § :• 8 ° ': 8 s ^ M " '"' •^ " " ■^ '^ •^ " d M • ~M 4J w w • H w • ~M M • M M • M M • M :z 3 3 ir.-a 8 : _c § 8 : :8 8 : 8 : 8 : t • •3 • f; q ■ 00 • 00 • irl ■w ■ M pT M ^ 1 -§ d rt ..of ach- and cers c3 1 ~i^~ ■* ■* ^ M Tj- iHiS-f^ 0 ^ ~?o~ fO VO "^o~ f- wo ill Tf fO 0 00 ^ a 0. (5 0. d Tf to 0 *' w (S ^^ H- ,-:, a if 1 g^ H ^^ H gtt, h~ SB. h ^^ H 0 c 0 0 :4 1 a 0 i 1 u 1 si < a U m 0 H Pu, «d ti 06 a 6 M ^ to S >o *o vO t^ t* «i £:: ^ ^ > ■♦ * t '<• * 250 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION < Q t2 !2 1 >- * \ : : : •. X 1 : : : a 1 ■ ■ ■ 1 Q ^1 : : : : : : 1 : : ; 1 : :: : : : •ON : : : 1 : : ; | : : : : : : : § > 1 < •S ^ ^^ 3 ^^ ^ HO ? 8§ ■^ • CO ^ :g> 2> 1 •I 2. 8^ ■* OOO o ^o O 00 ^ 00 lom "1 T)- o o 8 « 1 is 1 iS R d •00 « S8 O lo t^ O 0000 t- i/iO 00 O lO fO H H O CO o ■ o % ••^ O -00 N • '^ 00 ;? • o • CO ^ ^ J^ 33- so co^ o « o ^ • M M • •* ft 1 -< in 00 o o • 3 ^ • ro -O ■ g> 8^ a £S, (N COOO ■O H M 5* s ^■S, ^ 00 00 • ^ 8^ "1 oovo 8 S : 00 t^ • o o ■ ' -1 1 n >0 COOO t^ d 00 Ov IT) ■5j- o\ a • ? Is s.^i ^ a : 1 II H COOO 00 d CS T O • CO CO CO ^ ^ S >■ •< 8 e: r^ 00 • IX) 00 j i-i o o 00 o> q s |; 1 '-'■■ 1 ^: 8 1 1 e; O 0 • ^ o_ ■ i 1^ 1 ^ 1 |: § I; 1 gj 8 d ^ m 8 a; S 8 : 1 li 1 II H 1 1: 1 ^: 1 |: 8 1 *" ; H M ■ H CS . : 3 : I : 3 : ^_ : : r No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers Tt . . rr • • CO • • ^ : . ^ : : a : : VO -III ro • ■ 00 • • CO • • d • • CO . . fO • ■ d ' ■ % : : 6. • • 1 : ■ 6. ■ • ? : : <5 4 1 4 1 00 d 4 T 481. Iron Mountain. M Mich. F H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 251 .^s ^N < • 00 1 ■^ • 0 0 >, • • 1 1 .9 :^ $. :'«' • 0 Po g >« S m • ■* •^ • M (s 2: "^^ ^^ s r. Si Q >,t/5 •ON : : 1 : : : | : : : | : : :| : : :| : : :| : : : : : ; . •CO 00 • 00 00 ■ >o VO • 0 n • ro CO •00 00 • 0 0 • r- ■^ •VO VO >> <: • 0 0 • 0 0 ■ 0 0 •00 :R n • 0 0 X Ji >> ?■ %© (A ^ E^ s • 0 n • 0 0 ■ 00 nn • ro ro ■ 0 n •00 (Yl • 0 0 t^ ■^' fo • CO • CO • fO ro • W N • VO VO • •* •^ 1 ■ ■* • f^ ro • 0 -vn TT • rn CO •VO VO 0 0 <3 '^ ta 0 0 n ■ 10 VO • a o» CO B8 4 • 10 • to 10 0 • 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 s 'f!, A 0 vO t • •* 00 • 00 • VO VO C >> s m H • • 0 0 •00 on 0 • 0 0 0 R ■ VO a (1| vovo vo 00 • 00 0 0 0 S ■ ^ H M fO cs ■ fO c<3 ■ CD fO 1-1 • M CO t~. 0 0 > >0 IT) ■^ r^ f^ t^ 1 1 «< «» '- ■ 0 n LOO 0 0 • 0 0 :8 0 0 0 n 88 n 0 0 0 2 ■ 1^ 8. f^ 10 vo VO ■ XT: VO "■" t^ f- r^ • 0 0 ir; 0 0 ■ 0 0 :8 8 u n 0 0 0 0 0 0 H a • f^ r>- •vO MO VO t^ s S ■^ " • 10 covo o. z; c^ §; 0 • 0 • 0 0 • X 0 X «< 0 0 ■ 0 a • o> t^ • t^ •>* 1^ . r^ CO t/1 1 ^ '-' " " •^ '" " " " " •^ 1; 0 • H : 0 • 0 0 8 : 0 0 • 0 0 §. q q • o_ 0 . a r^ • t^ t~ ^ £ s i ^ §: R R : ^ 8 : R ^ : ^ 5 • 8 8 : 8 8 : 8 n 0 • 0 - o> j> • t^ s " " '-' " ■^ " ^ '-' '- d H • H ■ H M . M H • M M ■ w M • M M • M • M H ■z Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : 00 • 0; 8 : «: V: Si %■ g : ^ '^ No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 10 ^ c^ ro 'I- s; ^ ill H CO d d d (S S,^^ H S^ H 6 H S'^ H ^^ H ^u. H ^^ h ^^ H 0 1 . .-SO 1 6 1 PL, 4 1^ i ^, 0 m fl. U ^ • -< 1 O • % i\ 1 ss ^ :8 o ■ • O • so • o fo t^ t^ OCO \0 >0 in s o • 8 § : 8 8 8 M 8 :8 1^ • <^ S : : 1^ • • : S •. e, ^8 8 I- ^ |i 1 H 8 ;s ^ 11 : vo [ a S>8 O lo ih 8 1 3 ' lO • fO f<5 . . lO to CO o 2 V H 1 1 1 > < ■i 8 : : : :S ^ iE S :R R 85> l~» O t^ 1 ^i 1 :: : :8 8 :8 H :.^ s n 8 88 8 d 2 ■■i i ■■: : :a o • o a :iS 1 .11 8 8a vO t^vO S 1 lO • (N • W-) M N CO M CO V 1 1 1 > < 1 |; 8 8 : 1 &: 1 :; : 8 : 1 i: M i-T ■ 1 i « V 8 8 : 1 j: I M : 8 : M M l- .s 2 1 |; 8 8 : M m" ■ 1 I] 8 :; : |; 3 |; ?- 1 •^ ; M 11 • M M ■ M M . -o . H M " Yearly Salary of Supt. : |: : 8 : 00 ■ M : 8 : -2 ill: ; ki No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers N . . U^ . . ir, . . xn . . S 1 ;; 1 - §■ : : ■ 00 oo" • • 00 { i 1 i 1 4 1 i a : c h COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 253 1 • 1 • • 0 1 Ov f^ 5; ^ : •• "rt ■< «^ 1 • 0 0 ■ • z u i z S3 >> 1 •^ ■ 0 0 • • i^ >. ■^ •* ■ • 1 : : : : :-- • • s •n^ >,c« Q •ON : :| : : : : 1 10 ■ ■* "^ CO 8 ■ ir, ■* 1 > < •^ ^ • ■* •^ • ? ^ ^V 3 • ■* ■* '^ \r, ■ CO CO 8 8 -.^ e >> :^ •^ ^o 10 lO t^vo • 10 1/1 (A 1 1 ■ 0 !» i^ •^ fo • ■* - < M ■ N 00 >o VO •>o 0 OvOO s 1 w ^ ^ ^ "-* i 8 : R ^^ ^ •00 00 CO CO 00 CO VO 88 0 < ? ^.j' • h" M M e 0 • n loO 0 • lO 0 0 0 o> 10 0 p: 0 M • M e « 00 00 ■^ ^^ • «© d cs ■ cq N m r^ t^ M Tt 10 ■^ M 10 CO CO VO 1 0 e « 000 0 RIC n • 0 0 CO CO no COM 0 • >0 10 0 ■0 0 10 VO COf^ 00 • N ?? <; 0 1^ ■ \o M r^ i2 1 ^ ^. 0 0 Po :R 1 IS R ■ 0 S, %^ 00 o> 88 8 :^ 00 1 >< S .^ • o ^o • PnR R :R 8 RIC 10 • 0 0 <^^ ^ 88 8 :S, ^, ?, ICvg r! • fO Ov^ VO •VO 0 VO »0 in lO • •* •t M g 0 M ■* 10 ' . M CO CO . H H (N VO t^ 0 • CO 5 > < R : R H R • ■* ^ R : 8 0 • 0 0 i2 t/i <=: 0^ H 1; 0 n 0 0 ■ 0 0 ■ 0 >< 0 • ■"t 0 • 0 .a >. s 0; H- • M CN H • '^ '. B s — «^ 0 : R 0 0 0 • 0 0 • 0 Ph 0 • •* 0 ■ 0 (N • s ^ 0 • 0 o> : : M 4© 6 Z 3 £- ■ ^b «• n! 0 ■ R : 8 : 8 : 0 • • 8 • Sl3 ° 3 3 'n '^. : vq • ° : • H- • p^ui w m^ No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers r^ 0 00 r^ t ■A ■t ^ r^ . . 1 ill ■o 0 ro N Ov On a a UJ 00 00 • • °q 00 00 CO 00 00 00 00 00 Oi S.^ >■ g^ H ^.^ H S^ H ^^ H ^^ bfl h J ■^ cj W i 1 ■g -2 fli ^2^ 0 2 I 1 8 MP-, 1-4 0 P5 m 0 06 d 0 M ci CO ?■ XT) 254 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION < U Q Z t2 S2 1 > < • 0 •5 o ■ • :• : : : : : ; ; ; 0 ■ ■ «" ^ : : CO • • d Q II : : ": 1 • •■ 1 •ON 1 : : : 1 : : : 1 • ■ • 1 : : :| : § > I w I 1 1 <; «© (N • ro i :? "? il S :"? 00 ? --S ^ 2 .VO O • 0 \0 ■ lo K ■:& ° ;° 8 :8 a li s is I is O ••8 O . lo a :^ ^ i"^ a ii i :i t is ? il s • ^ Tt ■ o M • fO o • o s -.^ H • Ov CO • (N Ov • o 0 • vO 1 -^ % I 'i •c PL, 1 > >* ■< :8 8 : : : R : ^ 8a l^ VO lO -: -.s a ^2 VO t^ lO F) • 0 VO -vO VO -00 0 00 1 :8 8 : : : S: 00 o m 1 :S a sa VO OOO O • 0 00 -^ O • 0 VO -00 o 00 ^1 8 : : O ■ '. VO • ^ 8a VO VO lO o ■ o 0 0 o I il VO -00 00 6 •" : : CO H (N CO • »0 U1 (N CO lO . U-) (^ o 1 1 < 88 O lovo O t^ ro O VOVO 5 :8 VO -00 O 00 l^ 00 VO ir> 8 88 VO 0000 I ;: VO VO VO • J> o S 1 B K \s 00 00 VO & sl 1 M : S>8 • VO r- ° ■■! i d 88 1 r^ s li i U 8 8S, lO OOvO o • • VO . . 0000 lO ID 00 • 0 I i w (N ^ « t- 0> • CO- 00 w 1^ 00 • • . „^ Ov • ^ >o i % I < i 8 : 1 |; 1 :; ; |: S !: 5 ;^ a |i 8 8 : 8 8 : 1 |i 0 ; • o : : ; i: 1 |: I i'» a |i 8 8 : 8 i ^ 1 |; M H 1 :: : 1; 8 8 : 1 i^ o o • 8v 8_ : I |i 8 o '-' • H H . 'o' '■ H ■ H CM . M M . M H . " Yearly Salary of Supt. pT : 8 : : |; ] i; ; i; : ;| i |: No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers • ■ VO • ■ c . . vO • ■ VO ■ • ^ : : u> . . lO ill r^ • • ^ : : VO ■ • VO • • VO • ■ VO • • "2 : : VO • • 1 CO 00 • • oo' oo" oo' ■ ■ 00 oo" ■ ■ oo" ■ ■ ^ o i 1 6 3 a g 00 o i O t 6 6 in 1 1 < CO H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 255 1 > < ■ • : : : 1 : : : 1 s a 1 1 Q ^1 •ON 1 : : : : : : : 1 : : : 1 : : : : : : > 5 1 1 '• ro fO "d- ro 0 fO -t ro ^ :a ^ :^ ^ :;? »o -00 =S "??. fO fo 1 < to yr,o 00 • • §8 : _: -3- H a : : : §§ 0 1 10 00 0 ■ ■ 3 ^S s :5 0 ■ • 10 10 1 12 88 VO H VO 8 : : VO ■ • 8J? 0 t^t^ 8 :S 0 • • : II 1 6 p) • . .. TT ■ • 3 CO • H : : 0 00 d ii K II ^ ii H ° K ;8 8 H 0 0 lo ? 1 ^ H in H t^ /— V (N t^ Ov . M " "" VO .1 1 1 > < 8: H ■ 1 ■: ^ i- 8 :: : 2 i 8 §: l " " " H H 1 1; 1 M 8 : 53 »^ • 8 : : r^ • - : 8 : 8 §; i " '-' " M H d &; ^ « |: 1 :: s !: 1 :^ : 8 : ! |: " 1 "^ ; M M • " ' '. '. ■o I '. '^ '. M M . " Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : ; 8 : • ^ ■ • 1 1 ■ ■ 1 -■■ 0 ■ : 8 : : 8 : No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers t^ • ■ VO ■ • -. 1 :: 1 10 . • c . . ro . . 1^ ¥i H • • 00" • ■ 00 ■ ■ 00" 00" 00" ■ ■ 00 ■ ■ S : : 00" • • 1: 00" i i e E Q 0 H 10 T 517. MerriU.Wis 518. Warren, 0 M 1 6v 1 i H 256 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • 10 «il . . CO ro • 00 00 • -00 00 tft S2 • ■* ■t . €© 1 1^ s .^o vn lilO n ■ 0 n • 0 n too 0 • 0 & 1 t^ • t^ m fO ■*(N (N • M "^ . ■ ^ ~M- ^ IH • CO • f^ fo M > ;2: 1 in ■ :8 8 • t^ t^ 00 t^ •VO 0 ,-^/— > ,_^ s < ^ • S5. w '^ to 2 J2 .2 <55 i 10 . 0 ■ <5 :8 8 • 00 0 ►o -0 ■<> 00 t^ 1 ■1 1 a >. g S :8 8 ■ 0 n 0 0 0 ■ 0 0 n i^ • t^ Pk ^ • to S 1 H . M • CO CO • 0 vO •^^z— V ^^ ^ ■ ■* t 0 ^ 0 • t^ t^ 0 0 t^ to ■* t^vO 000 t^ ■VO VO «VO 00 to 1 1 < y^ «© 0 0 0 0 0 8Pn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 °'^ ^ t^ t^ t^ s ° 00 0 00 w t^ ::^' M- NOVO 0 vO t^ t^ 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to to 0 ■* Rvo 0 « 10 10 00 t ■t (/) ^ u B ^ d H -t 10 M (S ■* 10 ■vO ^0 ^ M M M 0 ;:; 2; 0 : s l\ 0 8 : 8 1 en <; ^ • i-T ■ ^4" H • H W t ^ g s \\ 1 ° : I 8 : s ^ m oi c : ; 0 : § 8 : 8 8 : « • • S m H " " " '^ d 3 ■ H • " b • '^ • ■^ m " • ^ V : « . Z J2 • Yearly Salary of Supt. 8 : |i .a 5 8 : 0 « cd No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers (S • ■ °^ 1 VO ■ • CO • • 0 °^ t^ 0 0 |c 0 ■* t 00 00 00 00 00 PL| s^ H ^u. H :^_^ H gu, H ^^ H s.^ H gB. H { > 6 i 1^ 4 PM 3 i 0 i. n fe &H fA < H C4 <^ 4 10 vo t^ 00 d ft >o to »0 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 257 !2 1 t >- ct . . . . . . i s < 0 K H Q Z : : : d • • '. '. '. 1 s n II ■ON ' : : : : : : > s 1 e 1 1 1 >< ■< X 1- ':% 0 00 ■* 1 ■% CO CO 1^ 00 • ■* 00 ■ tn K" OS 0 iS 1 il 1 is i ■% R J?8 0: :^ ■* • M 0 2 S :S, ^ -.^ ?;!> -^^ S :P> CO • CO CO i 10 >o T^ ? s^ S : : XT) . . : : :B; R |a I II 10 to 10 c2 5:S!> .10 ■ . a : :R s^ i^i? ■* <» lO 10 Tj- Th s ;; 1 : : '^ =^ M N s S2 1 1 < 1^ CO 00 0 \0 00 Ov M • • •• vS^ ^ S>^ S 1 p 0 0 to a ^? 00 • • ^ 82) 0 00 >/> 0 1 p 1 SK R 00 O; ? : : : =i5>^ % IS 10 d 2; M ■* ■" "' ro ■ • 10 M CO •* 0 .1 1 1 > < 8 : M M 1 ": 0 ■ • 00 • [ : ^; 1 |: 8 i 8 : 1 1: 1 1: 0 ■ ■ °° : : : a: 1 |: 8 .s ;s 8 : 1 li 0 • ■ °° : : : i: 1 I: 1 1 i ' ■ M M • H M • '"' ! ■ - : 1-1 4^ H ■ M Yearly Salary of Supt. |1- : |: : 1; : 4; : S 8 • ■ 1 ""■ OS No. of Teach- ers and Super- vising Officers 4 ■ ■ 0 00 fO • • Tf . . c . . 1 % |l| 0 • • w • ■ 00 • • 00 00 ■ ■ 00" • ■ 00" • • 3 1 :: 00 00 00 1 530. Palestine, Tex.... 531. Ware, Mass.... M 1 6 1 to i bo fO i _cd 1 14 CO CO 10 10 H 258 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION i < u o z fc3 !2 1 0. -■■M g : ■ • ■ • • fo . . ^1 . . . G :v^ •^ vg : : ■ CO . . . >• s d ■ ■ . . 2 ■q II ; : ■ •ON : : : : : en 8 X > 1 1 J? 1 < i S' lO OM3 3 ':% 8. :S CO • CO 0 corr <3 00 ■* CO CO c*5 CO • CO 00 • 10 >o • to CO o o 1^ O O CO CO • (S ? : "^ 0. ^^ CO • CO ^ :^ 00 • CO CO ft "i 1 J! 1 > < • • 00 • s '■■ '■■ : a : 10 lo o> \0 00 -t 10 • • ; a: g 00 • I i\ I ■:: : S, : VO 00 >o 10 • •' 00 • • '. Ov • Ov 10 00 • % %■: 1 ;: : a : \0 • § §1 ? ; : 10 • Ov ■ «o d H 10 • " ■ : : Pi M 10 VO . • : - : " 2 8 s i:2 1 >< -< CO O i^ S .-^ >o 00 1 ■:§; 10 00 r^ I 8 8 10 000 vS v^s; - S tr> o lO O ' CO t^ 1^ o 000 H 1 -^ 8 ^8 t^ VO t- 8 00 lO O O "^ Ln cot^ 0 •00 >0 lO CO CO .^ 0 -oo Tt- 1^ CO >0 VOO 1 8| 0 CO Ov VO VO -t Ov d N lO f- -■■« Tf .0 h, 0 6 1 4 1 CO .2 4 2; ci V c cS Q h COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 259 h > : ; < S • 6 Z j2 >. >> bfl 0 t; 1^ 1^ Q •ON ■ 10 10 ■vO 0 >, < m %% lA 1^ ■■^ * •00 H ^ E^ ^ :8 8 \l 1 u ■VO VQ ■ TT TJ- 0 N • CO fO >< z s § 00 0> VO 1 «! «^ "1 H ■ ^ 0 >o 0 0 • 0 w rt ^'^ ^^ 1 1; S m M ^ 0 lo 0 >- .a Tj- o; a 0 • 0 PU s «§■ " ^ to ^ . 00 10 ^^ ^ >. < m H M ^ 1 0 1/^ 0 0 0 0 1 ©5^ M m" 0 H 4» W-, 0 0 0 H c 0 0 0 2 S m m ■ ■ ^: 1 g, : a S << ^ 4^ 0 • 0 0 • 0 1 S m ^ e 1: 1 0 • CO • to S ««■ ^ d 2: M . M H ■ l-l 0 ■ >«b «• ,"0 : s«°l >;a) w «-g|i3^e •* ? ziSS^-Sg IH 0 06" 1 (1. S.^ H H ^ I^ >. D • 0 '0 ^ <5 r^ 10 ■* - 8, 26o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION o M O, ■^ MO. H ?5; H H ! 11 Total High School Teach- ers SI fO f^OO M CO -^ t^ lO M 1 22 CO OOO 1 "' 00 «o r^ ^ ?ici 3; u if u u w f< i u 5 M 11 1/1 \0 vo CO H . f~ M • M \0 • VO • • Ml ^^ g 00^ H • • lO • M M CO • • f/5 w c. t-^ W W • H — :| : :: 1 ?y 't • ■ • • ■ CO • CO H . 1 r ■■■ b\l M CO M ^^ n- . . : ° : O IT) . >o lii 1-1 1^ a CO-* eg c,^ yn loco 00 MP) " '^■^ p< w OvO. C» N • N A 3W. « 00 Tf . . • o lo ^ ^: t "^ w M CO Wl 00 « M ^ ■. ^ H MM OO CO CO o Ml ^ °^;? CO w H 2 : " " o A lil lO V/1 M (N \0 ^ O «0 d 1^ fO N . u Id X u < H 8 X X u OS Id 05 S l°il : :: :^ i Hi ^ -^-^ "* • . • d - HI • (N IN • 0) • o • M o M Hi .VO IN S .^ • T^ M xr, . . •^ VO ' W» 3^ P) . . . .^o vO -J • ;^ O l°|l • • \r, lO T lop Tj- . . : "- PI ,< 3 ^ ■ " H . . • '. '. '. ; ■* ■t ^ 3^ . . . . . H . . ■ '■" " "^ '=1 '. '. ^ ^ 1 c 1 1 £ 1 1- C If tlH PQ C 1 u fc4 > 00 f^ H c b c c .a « COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 261 0 >o r^ a vo «^ f §1 N 0 «^ S SI 1 If 0. Total High School Teach- ers ^ S? 0 M tT 0 N CO vO fO t^ 0 M N « H 0 H M % i > < > > < i > a l-l < 0 5 Q D ■J 10 • • i^li M 0 to • M M • M N to tH HI c . . |o|l : : : ' (S • J Tf M 10 H : '. lil M • • ■* ; ; . TtO rt . . lil ; ; ; . 0 vC t^ o> "2 ; : : lil ; 0 H M . . lil CO • M lil • 1^ 0 2^ s d J? 1 c ■f^ 6 C i J- I? 1 fe 4 a t:; 0 U Q 0 to H 262 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ro ro t- 10 i^ 0 00 Ov VQ t^ 0 a 0 CO r^ C<1 "^ t^ vOvO ^ " " » MOO q a Total High School Teach- ers rovo o> 00 >o rO (NVO 00 •* ^ 00 0 10 lO 0 t^ cs 0 p) r^ 0 ^ t-- t^ H 10 0 ■o ^ 0 . 11 • M H J-l (N i-i ■ M ci 8 V. S A°0 (rt M ■ M 0 00 tTJ 0> :;oi^- ca < < Si W». 3*^ " 8 58 • • < Ifs-g^- t> ^ 3*^ I.H P) • N CO • CO t3 0 z «* 3*1% -i IH . HI H ■ H H . IH c 0 M ^ *% 3W* J^ 0 v< 0 • ■* '^ 0 N M VO H t^ ^00 M OvOO r^ ■^ to a CO • CO H ■ M . H H M ,_, < o,l§ t-O <5 CO ^ t^ " ; " aw ;:; 0 0 % '^ : g Q §.^8 . M M t^ H 0 M IT) H CN M 00 0 >o CO 00 c< ■ CVI c Ph N H M l-l *S H 0 C M <5 M M ^ M ■ H CS • cs M 10 <3 0 D u S,.^8 S3 VO • 0 rO t-^ 0 H t^ 00 p) 000 '^ MOO 0 • 0 0 c: as-gg? ■*^ 0 •^ 3*^ d ^ N M t ■ fJ CS • CO to IH IT) 0 • CO CO j l^li ^ u ^ . M H 10 H a 0 . H l-l ■ CO CO • 10 10 • 0 0 C/i "A ^°§6 < > -1 K Ph 0 2 Q I-) u z i u < 1 a i2 s D H H • : : : M • M • • 1 lit : : : : : : Ml M • • cd |s|| : '^ : CO • • 0* a lii « M CO CO • CO . . r . 4A 3«<» N • N MM M . . i« i Ml 1,11 • t-i •* 00 • 00 . . 1 1,11 M • • . CO • CO ■t CO 2 : : : '^^ ^ : : ■t M 0 • M M -^CO M 1 lil '• '■ : : : • . . 10 lO MM M N ■ • ■* w r^oo q Ovoo CO «0 0. 5. 0,^ 1 Total High School Teach- ers ^^ >g ^2- 8 2? 0 1 " 5 ^^ 0 csoo 10 MM % "^^ ^ 1 < 1 > < M u M Pi 1 u z i en » H X u H u K b 0 Pi U a S 1 l°l CO • CO • • CO • CO • • HI Hk • • • • lil • • iil • H • • fo • CO >0 • 10 M • N • • l^ll N • Ml «» 3«*f M M N CO • to • • M 3«A. w « -t H H 0 . . N 0 « 00 lOH .0 • • loll N • f^ H 00 0 • • l^ll M • CS W N H CO ; ■* Tj- Tt • ■* lii H ■ • • • 1 • • • • M H • • 1 lit • • f» • t^ t>. . H H H • H COVO 0. . . i»ii . 10 U-, . . • CO CO • • : : "* ■* : " H lii ^ . H M .CX) 00 1 H i^li ■* : : . . . lit N • • • H >> t'U : § : : lii • M H • • Oh i 1 5- 1 CO 0 1 1 »o i 0 4 ■2" " 5 "J H 1-^ 11 266 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1^- 00 o t O t^ HOO o coo o I- IT) O^00 S8 o t ooo i 00 t^ 1 CO t>- o '^O 0 ^O M u M g <§ o z. o D O U K u < s o [I. o Iz] IS S D 12; l°l : : : : : : : :: !°il lol! «* 3W. H N • ■ < • P) ^ • vO 4A 3*t> t^ l^ll ail M M ro M . lit lii o> a ■ a o. . Tl- ■* I'll ■ ^ H 1 c c ta H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 267 i) . . \c 0 Ov 0 0 0 OH vC N >^ 0 •^ 0 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 ^ l>^ 4"' H vc o_^ (N 0^ Ov 00 fOOO Total High School Teach- ers f'j iri 00 10 0 lO 0 0> ^ °^? 0 ■* 10 CO 00 H r- 00 § s : ^ : c ; : ^ • tT &°o °.|8 " : H ° C M 8 S8 " ■ CO ■ co • • 1 H ° 0 „- > W! r- ■ t^ ■ • iJ i.ll ■^ < hW - : M (N ■ • : — < I.H : " ; " H « a H > §.^l l>00 H ; ^ ; M H . " ; " " : : H 0 « H W» 3*% R.^§ fO ^ t^ : : * Tf H . H ^ C^ a ^ ; " " ; ^ ,-^ M 0 0 H "A 0 U Q ■ 04 M H . H H 0 a H 2 0 1^1 1 ^ 3*ft M H ; 0 0 H C«l ■ a. Is . u z -IT ■ H IH i ^^p ■ HI H PS u DC ^S18s ^ §*«. N <^ \n M CO u &°«a H u • H •* 10 M ro •^ 8^^S> a: 0 ^-§^ 0 u 0 • w N 0 ^°p S Isll' s •^ §*«• >. ;z; lii § S . . M 11 ■ • Ji oj ^° 1-" U^ Ph S_^ H 1 i H ^_fe H ^^ H i i •0 S^ H ^^ Eh > H 3 0 1 & ^ ^ ^ 1 c3 ■i 1 r^ 06 d 0 IH 0 CO r^ S H 2 - 33 3 ^H o o^ CO O f< 11 H H S 2^ CO >0 CO 00 1 <; >< < i > ! 2 i K PL, 5 3 u z u X :^ H 1 K O W % n S l°l . Ul ■o |o|l m • Ov Ov ■ . : ; " (N • C< P) • •* 't lii H to ■^ CO H Tt • • i»|i -s • VO vo . . Tf . . lit 1 |s|l 1 s s S 1 lii P : : : 5« > 1 1 ;z; 0 2 (IH Ov i 1 Q 6 u M J j H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 269 tr\ \r) 10 ■- H 0 0 fO to 00 fO 0 ) t>. fo o>^ ro \0 t- 0 VO t- s. a?i 0 ■>o 00 vO 6* ^ ^ HOO 00 Z' ^>.c« Total High School Teach- ers VO 0 VO ^ 3 o r^ 10 M « rfS • 1.5 ^"6 §vJ 3*» 0 >< K < < (A l^ll ; ; • • • • '^ '. " < 2 Ml "^ PI . V» 3** . . >o g,.^^ • • • M ° a H Pi §.5§ 1- H H . H . . w CO ■* , , M Ofi H ^ f §u.S§ H M H . M M N to Z'o-^Z' Z ^ §-|s ■t H »o H M \0 • VO • • >0 H 0 H - •^ 10 • Tt- rf . M >-< 2 &Sp P) lii (J 0 a> 0 < ^^1^ H . M 8 X u ^o|^ • N N 10 >o . H H w gg-SS. • • X 0 ^°§6 0 So • ^ " M CS 0 ;&*g^ ca S ^°^^ H H Jz; mi 0 • a • ^ >< (1 1 > 1 ■ 1 1 1 w fi u ^ '4 a >H CO ^ r >o f;. a 0 t^ f r^ 00 270 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 4) o> fo 88 t 0 >o fo M 00 Ov «^on ■* • t^ ^ t^j w t^ o> HI o»- o> OCX) 00 Ov Ov Ov . Ov Ov ^ Total High School Teach- ers t^ ■^ H 1000 ro r- t^ ^ 0> cs i_i r^ M Ov • VO VO a -0 N 1^1 : : : ; ; : 0 J. 0 1,11 M • " • 1 H ° 13 H > lii < !-sll > < M! < I.H S ^°|& S>w|8 • w " " ; '^ H M N : ^ in a: 2^®§^ u M VO (^ p) 00 0 < t4k H ^ t'U as u C/J 8u-SS, ^°|^ . M IH S^u^S 0 I. ■ M IH ca D ^°1^ _aj _>. J, ^ a • 01 D iz; |s|i cd 0 ■t; 0, . H 3 u d 'ct -a p^ ^^ H S^ H ;^fx. H ^^ H ^^ H S^ H ,2 ; ^ ti ^ i 0 1 ^ 1 i4 5 1 1 C S a 0 t c "o g ^ J 0 p. tn W 4 10 < H u 06 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 271 0 ^ 0 t^ VO fooo CO CO 00 0 CO 0 818 1,300 733 0 ^0 <5 Total High School Teach- ers H t^ 00 0 t^ C> -STO 0 CO '^ 1^ rro 0 -^ 0 CO i 0 > < < (A K < > < > S u >j <; i D .J U i X H X 0 K « m s D H til iil • • 4A 3«^ N ■ Oq . . lit ; . . M • • : : : ; ": M P) • . >. lit C : § t; 0 im ■ P) 'c3 Is I CO -z: 4 i 8. i M 1 1 pi 1 Ph t i 1 SI H : < i 272 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION N Ov {^ (■ 3 0> 10 . in 10 f«5>o lii 0 >o fO 2 !; « « S rt ^S s ^?. c^ • O >0 H t^ 00 00 t^ 000 «<^ " ^>,w N 0 00 t m 0 • -f ■* -"t ■* 00 covo o> Total High Schoo Teach ers M IH H §^53 & 0 M 0 e tT I.H 1 M » a H i 8 S8 < a°ia 0 i> 0 < ^s|^ «^ 3W». |sl! : : : : : >4 M . " . • HI H fl M 15 lil 0 1 . ft ft 0 ;^ ^ c. n 'rt 'S •n •^ ^3 ■^o 5;? 1 1 ^ Ph H ^ ^ H ^ H > H CJ 1 P^ ■ c 1 E < • 1 1 < J. 1 1 ,5 1 H fS 4 OC c 0 0 C 0 0 c 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 273 « « rt 00 t~ 00 N t^ I H 00 o> t^ ■* Q CO 00 000 1 il o> 10 tr, 0 10 (O 00 r^r^ ^ « VO CO CO ■<}■ l^ t^vQ CO aoo 1^ > K < > > < > u G Q K U X u < u E 0 0 K U ca S H Ml i°ll lit CO • CO • • Ml • • '. '. '. • ■ H • • loll ; ; M . O 'O t^ " r^ lii '-' vO lO s 1 > < < in > OS <; < > u p< In -1 5 3 hI u in i H H X u m a o b O s ca S 1^1 . • • W 0 t;;00 r- 00 fO 0 fOOO H M CO 0, w-) CO 10 >-<^00 Ov Total High School Teach- ers t^ M 00 10 ^0. 00 MM tN o r^ M do |o ro 0 M w TtOO < .J < > < > < > Pi s i Oh i s u z s i s H X a 0 0 03 S M 1 (3 1 1^11 • • Ml 1 • • M 8 58 ««» 3W Ml- ; ; M • • w Ml «A 3**» (N • (N • • til Mi ; . . : : J lit H • • « • «<» 3«A ^ : : : '.'^ ■^ : : H • || lil H M CO • • • • • • H H • • r"c 1.1 I'll ■ ■ . H H NCO • • • • lii • M H • M • • : : "* ■* biS bO |s|| H Tt 10 • • • 0 H . Tl- ^ : : 1^ l»ll W • Tf n- . . • o 0 • 0 0 m M 0 Ov 00 0 r^ 1^ t^ C30 t^ OVO MOO o> 00 t^ 00 OvOO 00 .VO VO SS13 «>l^ M W H ^>^ Total High School Teach- ers «~- N W ■* ^ 00 HVO t>. "- H CO ^ 00 POOO " ^ 0 so • lO §uS! • • &°o 8 J3§ 1 i"gA l.sll ' ' • • i W> 3«^ 8 £8 • • • • < < ^°Ia !.ll ; ; • ■ • • > < > < W* 3W» Isl! • • : : ■ • §.^?o • • : : 0 2 M « 13 M ** 3«» 0 >• 0 M • JH • • u H Ofi H Id V^ 3** iwli, M • M : " : " M ® C „- IS 2 W» 3*»» 1^11 M . •^ M M N - H • H " : " u ** 3-» 0^0 M • M M • M H • Ph 5sl:- • i ^ 3^ ?..!§ " ; " • • 10 • • 111 _ _. .. ^8 • 5- :^^ H S^ H ^^ H ^^ H ^^ H ^^ H gh H ^^ H p < 1 p, P^ 1-^ 1 c5 u •< a 0 1 (J 1 Ph 0 1 0 ^ ?. Pi 1^ ;3; CO ^ K M COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 277 0 t^ 0 fo 00 0 t^ fo 000 VO MOO vO fOvO M U-, t fO 10 fO 0, ar^ M VOVO 00 *^f^ ^ t% 0 li-< 5 Total High School Teach- ers >0 00 0 00 looo CO lOOO CO CO M M M Tt COt^ 0 WOO ^ 1 ■f > < i > u u u p< >-l i K z i u z s z i s u H 1 a 0 K U ca S D ;z5 1^1 Hi til Id! ; ; ; i-;l ; : : Ml • • HI Ml CO • CO • ■ lil : ; : p) • «^ sA M l-C • • • lil ; : : . lii : ; : I'll 1=11 W M CO • CO CO • • I'll H ■ M M COO Ov . . ■ m : °° : 00 • M M • c* M • • t4i • « « ■ fO M • « (^ • • lit CO • H Ci • ■ M TJ- . ^ .. ? 0 |o|l c< ■ ■ H C4 N lii M M ^ S^ : : -a * P : :S ; : 1 • >< ! 1 s M .■a u H >^ 1 fO H 2 g 4. C pi • I 1 M i a 1 T J h 278 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 0 CO 1" 00 00 00 100 CO CO a 00 CO 0 o_ OOt- CO t- Ov t^ 000 H 00 00 00 lo vO 0 1^ S Total High School Teach- ers N VO 00 too W COOO M CO 0\ M CO < > i Oh u Z _z_ a: < u H I u •M X 0 X c 0: u ca S D Z l°ll m m •, m • Wi . |s|l . . ; (j3 : : 3 : § ■ ' \ S-|l ■ ■ ■ CS M • • 13 P 1 • t; pi u i 1 4 1 6 t e i C 4 H 1 >o H : 1 pq 1 a iO w COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 279 lU 00 o> t-.<3 H w 0 T^ ro M 0 w r^ a 0 CO 1^ 8^ r- 2 S; « 01 t^ ■ ^ CO o> 0 CO CN t^ 00 00 r- t^ 00 t^ 0000 *" ^>^ Total High School Teach- ers ro a M c^ Ov ^ 10 • K < < XI !oil > OS > < Ml- " ; " l.5§ '-' ; •^ 7, *^ 3W. HI . H M • l-l - ■ H- 0 C „- 8 £8 H . '-' " : '-' N ■ •^ ; : H 0 C H t 8 £8 M M N . . u z ^ R.^S " : " Tf 1-1 10 CS M CO 2; fO • CO ■t t 00 u z ^°«i fO Tf *"• s.-sa *«. 5<«. '^^ ■ H M K U I^°«s ^^ . H M M in ^o o < w i=|l r< 4, • t^ fO • fO CO H H 0( . M H ■ H H u lii j^ . H ,_, 10 . H H . H M . . :/: • a 0 ^°«^ 4^ • •^ •^ ■ H H • CO CO • M HI 0 ^ g<^ M N (O M Is?^ s *% §*« _>> M ■ HI . M H, iz; lii 0 Isll ■ IH HI 0. • 1-1 HI ^ •13 .^ • H M •« "2 S% -ii P-i s^ H '^^ H gf^ H S^ H S^ H ^fa H ^fa H \ eij si !^ 1 i c3 1 1 (J h 1 p. V 1 V ^ :z; Pcq u eq fa w 0 ro «n tC. 06 6> d 10 >o H ^ 28o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION o • O GO Ov O On to fooo o fo ■* 00 »o '"I- r^ OvO t^ i'-.^g' o> >o •* 00 M icr^ O. t^ °- : o 00 vo 00 >o 00^ r^ i^ o» ^>,OT fO f lO o OOO o Tf -t 00 VO M 1^ N r~- o. \n (5v t Total High Schoo Teach ers o "" 1 i o 8 £8 ■ > liS-g-s 3 c;5 W^ 3«i«V I ^11 < >• ■< M! ** 3«> l.ll O ►• O ■ !?o fi ? « §.!§ PH . " • ,— ^ « ® C M < 8.|§ " ; M " : " w . " ■iM 1 8^1 8 fO ■ fO • • : " " M M to I o z Q a .J u z «A 3W» |95o or under $1,000 : : : H . M l-l w %u^d. . . &»|« < M • M • M M • CO ro H C/l M lii . H M M M (^ ^ lit r" . M 1-1 M H X "^^^ M M CC H fO Tf C4 M\0 t^ . H w 7i 8v.^S, I ^-§^ • lO »o cs MVO t^ :5 g,^.S8 o V» g W» H 8. la ca S 3 ;^°§;a ^ ■ \n li-, ■ H H c ;z; i«ii c 1 ■ ■ . H H ft • • lii 2: T b ■ • ^8 5- ;L ^u. H ^^ H S^ h ^U. H ;^^ H S^ H ;^fe H 1— > ^• ;? !§ >^ fl -S 13 i" i8 6 ^ ^ u § S d" ^ 1^ fed ^ g 1 c C >2 H «i •i i VO ^ - 00 ' ;. o ^ 0» t5 t3 -B "ni •o •a-g ft % rt iS H CI bCM •^-o ^ 3 ftft II ftft COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 281 III t^ 00 S. 1 • 10 HI IT) 0 fO 0 to N 0 M t ^00 8 1^ ? 8^ t^ NOO M 1 Total High School Teach- ers P-( M 00 I t^ 00 MOO ^ -S N «OfO <3 >o «o o> ■t to M ■* 0 1^1 lit 1 < < < i > I (6 PL. 2 Q D >-l U z U H 1 a: 0 as H oa S D til lii Ml loll . . . H • M 1 li! ■ ■ • • lil N M to • W 13 |sll : : : : : : 1 Tj- M : ; M to ■* 1 i^li N • P) M M to Tj- . M lit M M N M . 10 to M • N • • . 10 10 1 1 lii 10 • H • M m MVO t^ to M ■- ■ 1 i 1 »— > i i i bO a 1 d 0 1 ^ 0 H cJ .0 4 t^ ■R 282 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION O rf Ov o o a 8J? ■o vn t^ o CO lO IT) 0 n^ t^OO CO f^'- • r^ l^ t^yO 00 \0 lO VO «s-« ^>,y5 Total High School Teach- ers »noO CO O CO CS H VO r- • CO CO CO Ov pg t^ Ov vO 0) M T}- M « ^ i^fe • ; • • &°o 8 538 H O C « I Isll i V> 3 W* < M 0 C « !s|| : ; : > ■J PS < *»» 3 «*> lol! u < I.H • o z > 8 fe8 H O C „- (4 «* 3 W* §.H • • H ® C H 8 i;8 H . '-' N ■ u 0 »< o M • ^ H . H M • cs (1. !o|^ z 3 u z |S|| ■ M . IH . H ■ t^ H l^ll Z^ . l^ll . c< < im • CO CO • r^ t^ .J &m u I, VO CO Ov • »A 3*^ S,v,|8 CI • •^ : : ■ (N " ; : H >< > u ;4 1 c 1 6 a o to > >< C c i 1 P5 1 r^ 00 ^ ^ H 00 00 CO 00 00 H H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 283 d> r^ <^ a SR 1 •'■' 0 t^ ■ H 0 t^ 00 0) t^ vC " r^ Total High School Teach- ers \n ^ rj M 0 0 •" A°o 8 S8 H 0 C M I.H " ; " H ° a H i 8 S8 < 8 S8 H • M < ^-o-g:; > < I.I! " • " < 0 > loll ; ; 8 S8 • • H . " u ?s-g? fA A 1. 11 : " 0 . H " ■ « w ; ; X ^°l,s k. M HI • M 04 • N cs ■ M N M . „ lis r-i • 0 • t ■^ : "^ CO M . ^ X ^0 c^ 0 ■^ W CO •s-^- : " " • -§ *2° c^ oj •S8 : ; " -^ • -0 D** 0 12 ^^ H §^ H g^ H S^ H S^ H ^t^ h S^ H ^ M > 0" 0 t^ 12; ^ H ^ ! g 2 fS rt 0 u 1 0 w 'So rt ^ MS to 1 .2 10 VO ^ d ^; "^ 00 OC 00 o> o> c 1 284 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 111 000 0 00 f^/ 739 1,000 707 CO ofvo 0. 0 fO t^ 00 1^ H fo . 10 1 Total High School Teach, crs NOO M 0 to>o H 0. to ■t t^ HVO ? 0.^ C< CN « 1 > < > i lA K M X U W g 0 PS g S D A*5 Wl i.|i lii iil bli lit Ml |,|| Mi 3V^ I ; • • H . Iil H M . : : : Iil : lis N ; M N M ■rr M • w • ■ fO H TC . . W • • ■ l»P M fO 'T w -t •0 • N CS H to .^o vo : ; l«P • H CO • 10 • n PO ■ • lit M ■ Iil |s|| H • • !i . ro c^ >< h u 4 1 c c c c fck i 1 0 1 >^ i to 1 i 1 H ci Ph C 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 28s « U rt ^"8 1 000 s H fO 0 w V) fO ■* f^^O ■<<■ 0000 0 10 10 • • 10 • *• 0 2" : ^q. ^ Total High School Teach- ers VOVO M i/^ ro 00 H • < < < < < i a, 0 5 0 3 U i K u H 1 K w 0 K H ta S . . t • •* lit Ml H ■ HI . is|| M • : : : m m loll Wl CO CO vO HI ■* • • : : '^ fO 8 J58 • « M l^ll • M cs |s|| : : '^ to lii l^ll loll M • • •t <5 l^ll . . l°|l M S>v.|8 (N t^ Ov • • CO HOO S>.|8 • • : : :| : : : lii : : l| ID • o> 0^ • • • 1 M 0 H ;2 H t H £ c § 1 H 1 6 1 t-i t 1 H 286 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION O H f^ 'S.^ o Tj-ro lO OOO (^ l-^J o woo Ov 0.^0 . ,00 1^ 1^ « u cs ^>^ fO fe luU 2 WV 3W» c^ :-si? ■ > < V^ 3W» ^oa H- I.|§ • i 8 S8 ; u H- O C H VV 3**». 8^|8 •^ ; ^ ■< CL, n l.ll *^ : cs 5 Ul cs • N H . H PL, V* 3«^ z . Q D .J U z lit %u^% s &°\& z . • • • to CO H ~°l^ M CO ■* < ■ H o &S|» s u Ol lii • CO ro H M CO O !> O [I. o ^°P • •* '^ H HI ms. S D • N r< • ,Q ^ ,a iz; ^°P fl c c •3 8sls> ; " '^ : "^ O -§ 5 o ; i2°«^ _cS ni d o O o ^ "^ ^ %^ H H : d ^^ H ^f^ H ^t^ H CW ;^ ^ 1 S 3 ^ t 1 ^ 3 3 1 1 1 u a 1 PL| a ^ d ^4 N fO 4 >o vd « w « W « c< « « ' H-^ Cuft COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 287 0 fo fo • 0 0 to a 1^ • to to 10^ o> 00 00 0 to 00 £3 i; « « 2-3 Ov 00 t^ 1^ • 0 \o t^O 0 t^ <5 0000 m " ^>^ N vO 00 fO to ■* •0 TT a M Ov 0 Total High Schoc Teach ers 8 ^ &°o 8.^8 • • M 0 C 0 o.H ; ; 1 i 0 V^ 3*^ 8 U8 • • i^ H 0 C „- < 8 £8 • • :-o-§:? >• < •< I.I! • • I.H ; ; H 0 C M > 8 fc8 . . • • M 0 C H Pi ij§ . . ►J < Hi i.ii . . z (1. soIm- • • : " : " Z, Q 0 |s|| • • ■ • : : i°|l • ; • tN : : : -."^ >o • to to : : " " ^^g^ g>u|8 : " p) • • : : '^ ■* ; ; • • u CO s &°l6 l^ll H • ro to -to ^ : : M (O Tt • • ^ S>^-S8 : " : : • ■ ^°li 0 . . lii d 1 • • . . • . i« • ^ g^ H ^^ H gc^ H S^ H S^ H ^fe H S^ H . -fl -6 ■^ ui % a -^ W >H H a ^ % C >> • i :^ ^ 1 i I > 2 1 ^ i 3 ,^ ,^^ ^ Ph Ph u ft :z; :? u t^ 06 Ov 0 o M 00 vovo H CO N vS S^ 00 Total High School Teach- ers t^O t^ Ov J> VO COOO H CO • » < < > < > a u m i PS (Ik 0 z § -1 U z i X u s H 1 K O K U ca i M lil • ' • loll III! m hM HI lil Wl CO • CO U < u 2 a. o ■4. i d z < u H K O o K td n i 1^^ Ml Sit li! ■ '='• !»ll lit Ml 8 g-O m • • loll 4A 3** Isll • • • lit • • • • l^li M H • lii : : : • til .VO VO ■ M |s|l • M P) • H CO • M t^ CO • • l^ll ■ ■ CH • ■<1- ■t H M C^ -t CO t^ • • til i 1 1 e . ^ ■ 0 H at. i O pi i s H c c C c o ^ 1 H 2go NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 4J Goo Ov VO 0 fO DO 8 loO o 0 >o Ov fO o o CO CO 00 VO 00 OvvO t^ OvOv o- VOVO VO 00 «% i-i ^>.co Total High School Teach- ers fO ■* l> Wl (N t^ •* lo Ov M lO *" O Ov M •-too H IsS : : « o Isll • : 00 i"T3 o\ 6 > 3 1^1! • • 8 fc8 W ^-si:? Isl! . < I>.^s> g ^^§A O t" o ijo'fi ;? Pi W). 3** 8 S8 ,-v H O C H i-l < o J. o 1) M O C M 8 S8 ■^ : -) >o »0 0 CO H co\o 00 8J? CO M^b s «- 0000 00 M CO CO ^- vo *^ t^ 0 >^Ui — ■ N CO 00 "!t t^ rj- Total High Schoo Teach ers ^S- ■ ■ <5 i.s A 0 . lit !-.ll - : : i 8 iJ8 > ^rSI"!^- 3 ^ !^ll i lit : : : m . . . ; : : . 8 58 '. '. '. 1 < < < > < 0 Z > S u M ? u z (g 0 z 5 3 OS td a u < u H X u ■Ji a 0 OS U] oa s D 1^1 l»il : : : : : : 8 S8 iil lit • • 8 «8 Ml : : : . ' ' CS H 00 • • °nl „ ., V* 3 1 VO 1 1 ■ H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 293 SS »o 10 1- S :S lO Tf 0 0 q,*- Ov • • ^ : : M 1 Total High School Teach- ers 33 N ■* a t • M M •*•* 00 fOW ■* • • . TJ-VO 0 i 0 > < in > < < > 2 i 1 PS u a u < X (J g b 0 05 U n S D H HI Ml loll his <^ 3W» f) • M • loll Ml M . • t41 P) . fO k4i lii til M • M N i«|i H ■ M • • . CO • fO • • :,: |s|i S3 H • H H . • iil • • • -"t ■"t . « • M i^li S3 lit 'q"? M- H H M • • lii H CO ■* • • I'll CS • • P 0 . . 0 5 w •6 4 u pq i 1 1 i 1 d 1 1^ H 294 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION m « s « t 00 r^ It N 1^, 0 s S^ 5 w O H H N Total High School Teach- ers fOOO " *0 >o '^ N r-» 0> M >0 (OO " t^ H 00 1 o > < ■< >< < > u u 5 o z Q 2 K U 5 < H § a o & K U cs S 1^1 Ml Ml 1A 3«». • • • «^ 3*4 • • H M lil : - : loll «4 3«% ! ! '. : : : • 111 : : : : : : : : : l°|l H • HI • w Ti- VO • • i-:i • Hk CO H •^ ■ 0) ' M to Tj- . . HI : : ^ M • • Hk . IH • " ' HI N • • • Hk • -"l- ■* • • : _. :: -3 _>. h\l 5 a • • . o • • m • l-l o • • 13 P : - : : : ■£ : ': H 13 H : 1 S 1— I •a •i 5 H : Q H SB. i u 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PEkSlONS 295 M 00 00 vooo IC/3H I ^«1a " 5 e« C« • P) N -IT) i^s4 M M Tt- 10 ;^f^ H :^f^ H l^fe H :^(^ H :^f^ H ;^t=^ H ;^f^ H ^^^ H ni 9 P^ 1^ 1 1 13 296 l^ATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION III 0 •* •? •* 0 0 0000 -R B 0 ^- CO H 0 00 0 J2 q H 1 1 00 00 Total High School Teach- ers H CV2 t ^vo 0 co\0 0> »0 CO 00 TJ-VO 0 H VO -0 ,co 0 < ■-) < u > i ■-1 PL, 5 5 >J U en K U i H s u K u s l°l . *. ; • ; lit ; • • • • iil iil CO • • lit M • lii til 8 SS lil ; ; ! ; : H • CO CO • • • lit '. '. '. • lii 1^1 ; ! '. lit M lit : : ; ^ H CO Hk CO CO vo H • c til : . \^ CO (NVO 00 < -1 < u ! u 2 H X u OS u ca i 1^1 Ml • • : : : I'll . . . . ■ l.ll l^li lil Ml loll loll 1A 3*» 1^11 HI • " • • |.li l^ll ■ l^ll lit |s|l M IH (S • • • H lii N H M i^li : : : f» • N p» • • i»|i \l ^ • • • .9 • ff) CO • • i^li : ° 13 1 13 t^ . . P 1 S H : > % 1 1 4 i ft i 1 t H 298 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 11 H 6* 1 rooo 1 II r& 1 . 0 I xn \r, co*^ H t : i Total High School Teach- ers ro CO 0 fo^ o> H Tf a tiO 00 • CO CO t^ r^ CO N H . • > < >• < < S ? t u z 1 z, Q Z (A w X u < u H u CO X 0 [I. 0 K g s D H bu • • ■ • • • «» 3 0 0 fo t^ 0>O ,_, 0000 00 000 H 0 ro 00 ^sl 00 1^ . -- VO M_VO r^ CM- 00 to NO ^o 0 ^ l^t^ ^>,c« Total High School Teach- ers M PO l/^ M VO t~» M Ov 0 5 1/5 0, ■ i<-a 8 H o C N o.r^ i «*► 3«^ 8 S8 1 < «£. 3«S. i,6oo or nder 1,700 > < > < |ol! • ■ ; : : : O M 0 0 M «» 3««t. > 8 S8 M 0 C „- 8 558 " : '-' , , H 0 C M 2 sji "^ ! " " : M • 7, 8 £8 " • " " ■ " O 0 fc8 ^ ; ^ : : : i ^°H • fo CO i ^SP j^ ■ H H . 0 DO Ui ^^1^ ^^ C< M •^ • • ■ H M - H H W lit H — - — ■ cs es ■ M H M • M M M Tj- ^^1^ 1-1 • •0 >o N 2 "O 1 rt S H C 1 B 1 1 R W i & ^ s 0 < pij ,4 (1 ro ■* to VO t4 06 to <* 5 CO fO «0 fO :> COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 301 III 0 m 00 0 m 1 0 t^ < < < i > u u 5 5 Q >-) U z, K u < H i X X 0 X ca S !°l Wl til I.I! 8 SS li! loll li! loll 4A 3«» Ml lil i^li lii i^ll N • • lii M • • . CO CO M • ■* H -00 00 ■ • . lit 5 Hi 0 p T3 s 1 H i s 1 « H CO ^ 1- ta ? 1 1 > c ^ ? 1 NO h 302 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION lOO 00 00 o 1 o o o O 000 00 00 Total High School Teach- ers N O ■* N t VO low vo cor^ o i o > K < < < > < 5 > u Pi i w o 5 Q u z i K u H X u c« I o K U « s D M Ml loll loll lit ; ; ; Isll • • |s|l !-.ll Ml M CS CO |op W M * • til M . . lit . M M • • M Hi H W • N M • M MM CO • H IsIS O • M H M • M IN ■ • lis l^ll .s ; '■ 5 l^ll O • H 13 o o 13 % to 1 ■ ro . • ■ 1 1 ■ M • • ' P2 ' 1 » 00 ! CO 11 ■i to k CO 1 1 H A COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 303 0 >^ S8 .00 00 <3 1 IS 1 Total High School Teach- ers •^ ; 0 0 CS CO •0 CO CO VO c^ a M i < < > < s > u 1 i i Q £ s 0 g s D z 1^1 Ml • ■ . . . iil loll M! • • lit : : lil Wk 3«*> H • : ; : 1^11 • • 8 S8 fO . fO • • : : : lii : : : : : : CJ i=|i : : : lit . M M • • : : : Hi M • . CO CO . . lii lit 2 .VO 1 M . CO CO (U 1 lit • .2 • • '(3 5 : 0 : : •* • c< 3 i»|i C MO • p» X. •i H '1 c c 4, i j ■5 fO H : >^ 0 =4 d 0 CO i 1 6 CO s < M to H 1 s 304 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION M 1 OOO 00 4S ^ 2 VO 00 vO VO lO iri >o lO 5 :S CO m^ ■ t •>3- M Tt o 0) ■t <5 N 't VO M t^ 00 ■* ui Ov ■ lO «0 o > < < > < o > S u P^ < o 3 u z z^ t« OS u 5 < Id i X X o OS u M S M li! 1,11 I'll . Ml • Isll ; ; «i s*f^ H • ■ l^ll ■ • l^ll lit lit N N Isfl H . . d M CO • • til • CO CO • M M ■ CS M H H M M CI i^li : : c "^ 3 IT) . . i^li • • O • M P O M 1 . lo •a' CO CO CO H 1 CO H pi W lO CO 3 t^ H p! li > CO U 1 a in i H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 305 II § 11 H M 1 <»5 ^0 10 I § "0 3 a^ m-' ■* K < s < •A > < Z > u u 0 z u u DC u 1 K 0 M tb 0 V. u i H Ml I.I! «• a u 0 u 1 >4 i H d C c :5 c ^ h 1 1 H 3o6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION « « « A'6 3W» 'sl!- 1^ !S-2/1 vO^ 1 • 0. :? 88 8 00 lllle ..0 ^ H fO ■* • fO rO M Tl- vO ■ • "1 ^ ■ t^ ^O M irj 0 0 1 lb > < < < < > & pi i H ; ; ; Ml iil l-=i 4A 3*<» Ml Ml Wl • Hi Wl • M lil lii lii : : : 8 s u w £ a 0 K U n S D lis lit i»li • ■* rj- H H VO (N i^li • H : : " i»|l • M 8 |s|| : :- " •" " • • : : : ^ lis M • HI • M . IH 3 ^1 : . : M ■ CO CO • ■ ■ ^^ H ;^t^ H s^ H ;^f^ H ^^ H ;^t^ H ;^f^ H :^^ H >• 5 1^ d' i i 1 > 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 5; 06 i i 4 5 00 3o8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • 00 00 88 O J> 12 8:? t^ OOVD o 12 ::^ Ov ^ aM i Total High School Teach- ers ■ M M w ro ■* M Tl- »o c^ • 3** • • lii ■ M CO • M is|| ■ 1 ^^ b\l ro . . '^' : : : 3 : : l°|l :" " ■'■ 1, l| 0 i > 1 H u i o i i 1 H C 1 i 1 1 c5v H p. U ■1 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 309 vO 00 t^ IT) 00 r^ ON VO M ■ h" |i W5 8ic g Total High School Teach- ers M t^ 00 H VO 0 1 :s > ■< > < i 1 a. 0 2 Q >-l U u X u H X W K td 03 S D l°l HI loll- Isll 1.11 m Ml loll . 2 wis Ml • • tM lii lii ' i=ii H H w • • lii iii . to CO • ■* ■t til H • ro tr, . . : : " i^li 1 ■ 10 • ■ ^ 1 i»|i -S s lii c 15 c ■ ^ M . . P 1 0 ■ ■ 1^ 4 < < 1 1 i < 1 •I H i a 1 H 3IO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION U ^ o O O >fl o 1-^^ 00 »o l^ .>0 ^O 0> P) t^ t^ t^ . t^ t^ 00 >o O O. "1 »o lowo O 00 1^ >o 5 0-5 ^ H ^>.cn Total High School Teach- ers to N u^ -O *0 H n- >o CI lO t^ .^o VO M t^ a M CO •/^ MO M « §..£ &°6 Ml 8.»8 1 **» 3** 8 68 J i°§i hil : • ; : < ¥M < 1.1.8 M * a H t W» 3*«k 8 S8 «- 0 C H Pi Igll ! "^ I •^ "i ^ 8 S58 M . M ■ . u ,^ z W 3«^ 1 (S 8.^3 •■§ 0 i^gA u I l^ll M . M . M • • s s lil Si z H U lii . . 1-1 M • s bik • • • H H ■ w . . u &n^ . in . fO CO 8v^S> • ■ • s i2 ** 3** ^ M . M . . . H M • N w • • . fO PO . . • M H 111 S,».^8 • O &«|^ s 8 • M H CS ^ !zi lii lii 1 I, ■ M M ■ >H H • • U •§8 5- fl :^^ H ^t^ H ;^t^ H gfe H ;^t^ H ;^t^ H :^t-. H gf^ H \f, g 1 . i > 1 •1 1 H bo .3 '^ rt 1 K 1 i 1 1 rt 1 iz; C-> (A P^ < p:) O O M N fh 4 >o vd »^ 00 a a a a a S a a COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 311 •5 0> "^ Tl 0 t^ to 10 00 eg ^2 <3 vOO ?> : : : ^8 Total High School Teach- ers • •* t N ""t 1 i Q 3 u (A i X u OS u n i 2; 1^1 Ws. m |s|| Ml m m m lit • • lil '. '. '. I'll l^ll c . m M U1 . til : : : fO M Tt . . lit _>> • to • • ^ 1 "^ . .vo 0 lit § : : 5 P) • • lii 1 - W • M 13 1-^ (5 . -a . . 1 : ^ 4 1 '^ § % I ^ fe 1 M 5- i 0 ■i 0 5- H : s_^^ d i H to 4 5- 5- 1 H i 5- H 312 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 00 J^ ■^ o :8 ^S • • ; ^ t^ too OvvO Total High School Teach- ers N r^ O CO fO VO OOO o ■ • 0 CO VO r ON «0 35 o N -t \o i o > < in < >< < z > u i 0 1 u z K H S u H 1 lb o K g s l°l 1^11 «.% 3(1* ■1 . M • • iil loll l°ll ■ c < • N |s|| : : : bu I'M 111 lii r (N l^ll ink W CS 33 Hi 33 lit H • . 33 i^ii : : H M '«"3 lit ; ; fO IH < o a f 1 :^ 1 1 00 H 1 H 5 d ^ ^ % c § CO SI H a 4 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 3^3 III « s « §1 \0 00 vo vo lO fO ro Total High School Teach- ers >0 M ro Tf . . .^o O 'O'O O i o < CO > < o > < i M PL, i a 3 _] U z g _z, (0 i H X c^ K 0 X CQ s D 1^1 • • lit 1 til : 1 lol! Ml lit • • Ml • ■ Ml • • lit t/J . fo bll • • bll • ■* -t HI i»|i M • I'll w I'll |s|i i»|l l»|i l^ll M ... ' 1 1 " ^ lit • •* ' 1 1 ^" ^ § : : lii . o c ■ • 13 ^ M D. p . 13 X) ■ 1 1 ■■ ■ 1 ■■ g 1 i to 1 i 1 SI 1 c c c < H : ^f^ i 1 O CO 1 ^ H 314 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION a :cg 0 fo 0 00 10 >A « SI 0. M 0 Total High School Teach- ers • M N . Ov o> to ■* r^ tj H ■^ 1 \ < < < > U i K Ph S 2 u z i < X u CO a; 0 O n S D bl til l»l! |s|| $1,300 $1,400 or or under under $1,400 $1,500 HI 8 68 : : : $950 $1,000 or or under under $1,000 $1,100 N • " '■■ m ■ . t'U lit to i»li CS M to • • i»li C) • • i^ll lit : :'^ .0 • • to 1 t4l .a : .d : : 0 • • ■ ro to • • • 0 . • 0 CIS 3 T3 • • ■ 73 • • 0 ■ ■ 0 12; 11 u 1 a to ci CO T 436. Marquette, Mich. .M F H : -i c/5 s 4 1 T 439. Hot Springs, Ark.. M F 0 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 315 Average Yearly Salary to 00 •0 OOVO NO q t- N ■ • 0 <^ • 00 00 00 m^ (NNO 00 ^ ■ t M lO NO W «n NO • ■* t • ■ 10 rf 0 ■L 0 < < > < < Pi .-1 ? 0 z Q D >J U z z ^ u a u H b. 0 OS g S 1^1 l»l! loll no. 3««» Isl! l»ll Ml «>» 3* i c ^ (i4 f 1 «o T 444. Manchester, Va 445. Watertown, Mass. .M T 446. Ironwood, Mich . . M < 1 •< T 448. Bloomfield, N.J...M F h 3i6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1^ VO »o O fO rovo vS v;^ VO • O lO '.VO 0 VO !»: 00 GO o ^^ VO I>vO 1 Total High School Teach- ers • < < o > In u 0 D u a u < Id H s o II. o K i M lit • • iil • • • • lii iil ■ • lii ; ; Wl Ml • • : : : : : : • • : : : : ;: 1^1 1 V% 3«<» l-=l : : l^ll • • ■ l^ll : : |.|| M • M . . HI . . • • Sil 01 • f^ fO lil . M 'A 4) M .s '■ J3 VO . . : fl : ^ 5 lii O ■ M 1 . O . H • • o ; : : >< 1 ; ■^ 4 si a o Ah 1 f^ i ij-i f i P 1 > tr, . 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 317 575 1,000 864 w 0 00 i^ 1 1; 1 ;° 8 88 lAi 00 "I i IS; c> Total High School Teach- ers .so VO M l^ 00 ■< <; i > w u M In < u z 2 Q u s u 1 X 0 b, 0 K ca ^°5 |.|| < i 1 i 06 H : 1 i g 1 4 1 >o i 1 i 3 1 S < •1 H 3x8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ■ o • o o foo CO 00 »o o >o o. M r^ to 1> vOO to lOlO >o >o .vO vO ; < & u 5 3 I/) H u < i K U CO a o W b O K ca S 1^1 lit .Wl bll loll Ml Ml • • ii! Si! lit lii lii M • • l^ll ■ CO M • l°|l H M fO ■5f • • lit : " >, « ^ 0) 1 • t4l M (3 O .s 2 : : : : : : M CO lii ft '5 o 13 o ■* P 1 o 1 • M >< H u o H : 0 o a < i H 1 u a d H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 319 11 s ■-.% € : <30 1 c^l" r^ . IT) 0 Total High School Teach- ers W Tt in ■ -^ t •* ■* 10 HO 0 tOvO 0, • ^ CO 1 \ > < i > g ■J t. I » z 5 3 u z s Ifl K U s g W 0 K td n S D 1^1 1.11 |.|i • • Ml Ml 4A 3«*> lit lit loll lil lii i^li lit • ■ 1 • . ..I . .. : : : i«|i ■ I'll Tf m > h%l • ■* ■«t H M g 1 13 lii p P-i ■ M M ' ' >— > 0 to c 4 1 ^ T p. 1 H 4 4 H 320 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION III I 00 00 € il ir, . ^ i \% i II ir o .£• 88. o Ov Total High School Teach- ers fO •* t^ « r~ Ov • lO \r> . lo o ■ :§ "? m 1 o > OS 2 i > u < a. o 5 Q •J U u X H 1 X o U CO S D H lit !il Ii! i^il : : : . . lil : ; : : : : 1 loll I.II A svk loll H CT) lit lii M • i«|i toll . lo m lii lil |s|| M ro t ro CO . . i»|l ►^ ro • • • ^ ■* • < K i, > < > 8 .4 Ph i S D U z U K u H 1 a 0 0 Id ca H : : : Ml iil • • ■ • 8 S8 "SSI? Isll ■ ■ : : : lil • • Isll |s|| 4A 3«» ; • ISII ; . . . . . . : ; : Hi • • Mi • • lil lit : : : HI m COVO o> • • • CS ^ lit (3 • • 0 • • ■ ^ ^ .a m : 1 :: 13 0 t5 |8 a "g 0 i 92. H : M 1 g m 2 i H a 1 3 Q 'A t C 1 (. C «^ c . c < fe H 32: NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2 !3 « « S « lO OOO 1 i IS o fo fo IT) io\0 t^ ^ lO 00 ro H 00 fO t^ s . H ro ■* H -^ lO ■ CO fO M r< fO O lO t^ CO J> o 3 J- i < i i 5 D >-l U z 1 8 in X o a b. O K H ca S D 1^1 : : : 8 S8 loll 8 SB M : : : • lit 8 S8 : : : : : : lit : :: li! M ■ M o fc8 ,• • • lii " ■'■ : :" H |s|| : : : l°ll lO l«l& l^ll M H l^ll , lit 5 O 't • • 111 O • H : 1 :- 'c3 p -a • 1-1 o Ph 0 c ■ H 1— c -£ c "- % !; 8 p^ 1 C til H : li 1 1 tn 1 P5 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 323 s s « '^ Jo ^'O 8 IC^ 'J- 1 0 0 00 r^ 00 N C- a i 0 > < M U H a :^ 1 X 0 « s A 0 l°ll 4A 3«» iil ■ ; ; ; iil : : hu m Isll |s|l lil l^ll lit . CD ro H . lit H to to |s|| • i«|i lit • ^ m • H s vo 111 H N a • ■ 11 1 PL) 0: 1 c T p> f fn H < I lil i 0 H C .2 I X c § c?5 i H 324 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION , 1 • o o o o a 88 IT) VO H 1 o • o o o >o CO N m O 1> t^ MD • fO CO NO >0 ^>^^ Total High School Teach- ers ■ lO 00 N t^ Ov . C (N HO) o §.s : : : : : : ^"6 8^--S8 H 0 fl N H O C H o °.^° 2 < 72 W» 3W» 8 £8 ^-s-s:? < < Ul 1.5° > 8 S8 M "O d H A lu^% 'Tn A^§^ < CLi lil g s O '-' o . . • • Ph «.ol:. ^ 3 «A U lil Z i^ii o ^ w ^°|^ H -^ h ■tt M s u ^^1^ kl ■ •^ Tt • • . M M H CO t g.^g, X o ^-§^ ui S,.^8 O ^o fi^ M u ca S D til >, o V5 lO 1 V) lO COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 325 III \0 lO 0 q_ >o 0 »Oli^ 0 >o fO R ;i 1^ as <5 Total High School Teach- ers CO to 0 M ■<}• l^ N N Tj- P) CO 1/1 .\0 \0 H N fO 1 > J? « <; u >^ < > U 'in u z 0 0 Z (A u X u < s u X 0 0 CQ S D Iz; 1^1 |.|1 • • ■ • ; ; : : ; W4. 3**t. • • : : : ! ; ; l^ll : : ; . . 4A sA Ml " : : Wl : " : . H HI '. '. '. m . . . HI . . • • Hi M • M • • Hi ; : : ; ; " Hk 1-1 H " . ■ • M • • HI : : : " : m ■ w H : '-' H . W M ■ fO CO • • 1 .^ ■■ |s|l : : ; |sp N • N N • • H 0 a • • 3 M . • • -0 -iS 1 ^ ■■ >• H 0 t: s V b > c ta ■» 6 i A a 1 s. ;^ bo u 1 V 4 c - 0 1 • 00 H 326 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION lis O (S O OOO 1 SI »i1 . . in '• '■ . VOVO H w 0 H " "- O H (N fo ■ • (N CO \n < en < > >j u g Pn i Q 3 u z i a u H 8 X I o [I. o OS td 03 i H • • bii ' til Wi lit • Ml : : : 1,11 l.ll 4A 3W • • • Ml • • l^ll : : : l^ll t4l HI . ■ M • . ^ 3*^ ; " : l^ll 1 Tf . . . . 1 |s|l • t^ M . . '^ CI 5 lii B rt h ^ • (N • • 0 u o M e 1 H : ^ 1 t ti( Ph 6 1 o ^0 O pq 4 1 c<1 E 5 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 327 p ° vOvO 1 0 10 ' II € H 0 • 0 •n 00 t^ & U ■n 0 llli= <3 t^ M Tj- H N ro M N ro • H H m fo 00 H CO • OS < < < >< •< > .J PL, i Q 3 u « H 8 X C^ E 0 K U n S D 55 1^1 1^11 !-sll lii loll Ml lit . . . lil 0 S8 |s|l til iil H . : : : l^ll lil M H lil • -^ 't lit H • m to lit M • • • ■ i^li P s glx. 1 i CO h 3 H H i i w M in d in 4, t H H 328 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 111 « s « 11 00 fo w % \\ Total > High School Teach- ers CO M fO 10 N ro lil i >■ K < m PS < i > u Pi «)■ Ah O Q u z ^ u X u < 1 a o s M lil m 8 58 Hi V^ 3«A ^^ o CO 10 00 • 00 >o • 00 r^ r^ *^ "^H 1 1 0 >■ Pi < CO > ■J < 0 > H U CO S s s G 1 oa S M OvOO ^ r- 1 ^^ >0 CO % % : % : : lil • • CO •* 0 M CO •* • • . .vo 0 P) M CO 4A 3«i H W - :5 ^ ^^ 0 • • : S2 ^ ""^ VO MM (N |,|| H H N • • • N CS • H Ml H M . ■ CO CO VO • • lil : "^ ; Ov • • ; : : : :^ - :^p :: lii • • ^ ^ H • • : °°^ ? :^ t • • i»|i • • '^ N |s|i .\0 0 . . lii : : : . .vo VO • • 111 • M Pi I'll lit i^li i»|i : : ; |i 6 >> 1 4 s CO i i^ i \^ 1 0 ^ tL, 0 1 m 05 H K^ 4-. W O 00 en 1^ ^^ §; .ad ■C-0.2 O ^ l^ ctiT3 ^ O i^«^ .2 ^.S ■o „'-o 3&© 3 3 30 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 4"' 1 S ■: H •* lO t^ to C^_^ \ hJ CN OvOO H S> p Ov t~- to Ov H r^ 1 H Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools :?^ ro Ov Ov 2 -; ? ^2 J 8S. R ^^ to t^ CO VO H Ov 2 ,^^ ►5 ^ 1 > m ■< < > U O X u s \ K CO g H CO o r^ to CO to 2 '^g CO • • M Tj- to • • 0 R Wl . . 1 . .vo VO H . o 0 r^ w 00 ^0 r- r^O 0 0 Ov q.O " "- '^ 1 ^>^ Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools 10 0\ ^ •'f H 10 o> r- ^o t^ a >o vooo CO -vO cs 00 t^ to CN < < Tf H XT) MM M IT) CO 00 M ■ 8 J38 • (N N ■ M M M (N CO M . « M VO t^ ^ :!oi:? < o.^l : " CS ■ CO CO CO CS ;? 't H ^ " ; " 0 < 0 0 §.!§ • fO ro CO 0 M " 2 (O CO^ 00 0) 01 ^ M r~ 0 ; ^ M °fi M H OS 2.^§ . CO CO M . M M CO ■>^- „ C) to M ■* 10 M a 0 (« M '^, ^ H 0 a M- s.^s H CO ^ HOO o> • 0 . M 0 M ■ N N • M H .9 0 2-° a M o< > Pn.^R M . M " • " " •S 14 ^"§i 1 §f^|S, : ^ ; (N • M " ; ^ '-' ^ : *" '-' S o>2 l^ll : :« " "■ " • ■^ •* • • :~ - ; : It 21 .-1 iil :* : ^ » M t^ 00 .so VO . . : :" " ^ &u^8 H 0 M : ; : " '- ; " " H Tt .0 : " 0< K ^*«s Ph h 0 w ;^ u >> i 1— » 1 .S 1 l 5 a a u ;2 CtJ M lo O t^ 'too 1^ ^P^ H ;^^^ H :^(^ H ^f^ H l^fe H ;^t^ H ^t^ H ^^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 333 In 1 H H H 0_^ • Ov Ov HO H Tt O H vo Ov M H ro CO f^ \0 00 Ov H m in N r^ 0000 00 O m t-- O -t 00 o_vo in ■* in =^^ t- • a <; < < O > u « > s u < i b. O K s s Iz; M Ov • Ov . . lil 00 • 00 • • «4 3^ lil ■ r- • m in . . . N . M H ^ C m" "■ M ■ CO CO ■ • ■ • H ■ H -MO vo . ■ • OvOO t^ . . lil "■ " ■■ : :" H • N M . . CH • • CO M "* l^ll : :" :" " '■■ cooo H ^ M • (N M CO lit • 00 cs o • • " ** 3** ■ t- r^ • • • "^ ■* • • lii : : : i^li :' ' ■■ M Tt : :^ vo • • •00 00 • ■ r^ . . a. Is .vo vo . . H in vo |sp u i > 1 5^ H •-a § to 6 c flH "A d f CO p2 1 oc |JH i 6 H 334 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 00 fo f IT} OOO O t^ fO 1 1! l/^ lO to N "2 H 00 t^ '^ Tt On CO CO MOO 1 ^ : % CO Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools M ro ■^ fO o> fO H N to Os M NOOO ^ CO H N CO CO M . H i O > < < < O > M U (^ (A o s u tn t g 2 & u b O PS CD S s M aw o ■ • M • • lit CO • /^ • • lil hU : : : i4l : - : t^ H - Hi lit CO On M ^ ; ; lil 1-1 • • ■ "" CO • • ^" " : ; : :- H . • CS CO " lil lil : : : H\0 t- ■ • • CO to ■ • • M (S • • i^li : :- „ .. i^li '■" „ ;. " ^^ ; ; O O • • lit ■ »■ t^ . . . (O CO • • lil - :: lit ' '■'■ : :" - :: lit >. i»|i : § : : i^fi a ■ • 11 Ph i 1 • < CO c i 1 c i [JH a O 4 H £ 1 I- eti si > H I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 335 o • m" M M t^ VD ?0 CO % i O > <; >• < > < > u u M Pi ^g s < § K W oa § 15 1^1 Ml loll N • • : : : Tt . ^ : : <0 CO • loll 4A 3*% H . o lil lil CO • ■ H Tj- . •* • CO CO 1 8^88 ■1 ■3 loll M • • •00 00 • M H . . l»ll 1 bO 1 lop • « M • H M -00 00 • • • lii H • H • -"t t • • •00 00 • • iop. H H <0 • N M -^o vO ■ • : : : 1 I^ll • : : : : : : • • lii : - : H • H H .VO O H lO O • ■ H 2>2>^ NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION r- vooo CO 0 O. 00 lO t^ CO r- lo M H to »0 CM 00 <» o- N looq. vq 0000 1 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools CJVO 00 lO H ^ 2:? CO »0 r- co CO r^ M W H C> I O > < > K < < > 5 u w Pi tn X u >■ K i M u >J W b. O u O K M n S 1^1 VO M i> • ■ O . . til ■* H lO O M 2 : : : : : iil H . 00 H 0> t- IN Ov to CO o i4k • • . i^ii ■00 00 • • ; § : : 13 P • t; • • i 1 1 i ex i >^tn 6«^ , . .^ VO M t^ 0,0 m r- a vo iO ro 00 H Tt lo ■ l^ lO lo r>- f) rO M "^ " " N ■ "^ *■* " (N H a ^^^"b^ l°l . . H . ,_, M o fl cT OC ; 00 " : w . ■ „- o g H l.^l " : " H ° C M 1 *^ 3«% Isll ; : • • > 3 «* 3W- vo • vO S Isll 00 • 00 H " 2 < >< ^ : '-' H ° (3 M O «S. 3** O 1- o w ■ Z 8g^^ • • if U §.^8 " : N rO Tj- ^ : ^ ^ ; ^ " " : -' (4 in 8 S 8 coo Ov M ■ H ro M ^ • M o . H - H o "--o S M O 0 M U 4J ° ■ §!S-g| i *«. g^ 8^1^ " ; •^ ; ; •00 00 IN ■ ^ s »«. §«*> 1 - • . . M M a»P o "5 8v,^g, ^ • t • ■^ 1 ^ U >. O '"' •? Iz; d -^ X5 1 13 i ^ ^ < a J? 1 V ^ r:. ^ & p H ,CO ^ •s-io.-r-i lO Tf o> r^ t^ 00 • 00 O H H C4 • (^ M H CO • o o H H H • M M H • w H (M CO ^■rsFll §.s : " ^ A o • M M av.^8 • • M 0 fi « , «. 3^ O 1- o lO • lO . H s-^a O 1- o I o m • > • 8 58 CO • CO . H >-< iJ js-g:? < t* s^ I.V-II " : " < g > K?0 C H 4A 3**». Isll m . m w u *^ 3«» g.^R CO • CO (V. M oa M tn 8 S8 • N ^°II h M . H H ■ t_l Z 8».^S> 3 ^-g^ l^ll CO • CO m • m ■ ■ C« iil o u S>v.^8 H H H . H H ■ "-• M^O 00 ^-g^ fU H . M ^ o g-S-gJC CQ ^ 3«» O V o t^ fO HI . H . o So § HO t^ ^sp S ,«n?^-S!^ Ji -d •22, b :^- fi^ S^ H ^ fx. H S^ H §^ H §^ H S^ H S^ H • fl ; c/5 P^ ^ ^ >^ r: ^ ff Iz; o 1 pi ft. s 1 oc J2 1 o COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 339 in rooo eg eg H o ro ^ 8^ 9- OOO 00 iH 00 1 f^ Tl- O cs OvO IN 000 00 0) CO M CO M 00 H M o. " H i o > < > » < > < H U M 1 M H w u I P5 CQ l»l -* • Tf . . I'll Wl iil Wl lil CO ■* ' loll o> • o> • • to • H H Tl-H VO CO . 8 158 H • CO ■ • l°ll : : : lii : :" M : " „ ,. • lii lit • lO • ^ ^ • (S |s|l : :- :: m : ;- I'll lit t^ C) 0^ a. "Z >> • IN M • ro CO . . 3 ^ • lit 1 o • • id ! ! 5 i»|i c ft • • O ■ CO ca 15 CO S3o 1 a; p. ■ 1 ■ t^ S^ H gP^ H ^_^^ H ^ til H S<^ H 3 ^^ H a; s 1 1 J 1 "o d o tn bO a 3 o 2 d 1 C i < ■ i 1 1 (X, ' « 00 £ 0? 00 S £ 00 00 Ov 00 i 340 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION H 0\ vO roro 00 t>^H H o .£' Ov VO • 2 s « H H t^ 00 N'O t-~ 00 Ov 00 O Ov Ov 00 ■ 00 a u'3 ©9^ H M H H M ^>^ ^w< >, m H lO o t- o J^ M t^ O Tl-vO O t^ <^ o lO ■* Ov N • M H H H H ^'n"U § »- l-l ■ H ■ . 8 I. 5 ^ o 8 Sg H 0 a cT hii ««. SWi. §.!§ M- • . . I o !sll > ■J ■«; w >< Vt. SM y! P) • 0) H ■ '^ ; : 8 538 . H PS ^o's:? s >- W» 3%* §.^| : " ^ ^ 0. H CO < i *«k P*«i l^ll : " : 0, . . : " " ; ; 8.1 8 to H ^ ■ ■ :-s-s^- U H ° a H H T)- \n ■ ■ lil • M M H • H > < . o So H ■ H • M M Tf . ^ td RS-gS ? s ^S?§ ■ H M -t . •* w ' fe «» §*«. o 8v,|8, •00 00 ■ + ■* • ■ S ^ o So . H l_l • o vo • ■ • o> Ov H . l_l i»lS >, j,.^ o So c ■ i-i M • • d ^°1^ ? ? 8^-SS, : & : : : ; "^ H M . " & ^°«^ 1- 13 ^1 • 1 ^ fM S^ H ^^ H ^tx. H ^_tx. H ^t-H H : S^ H ^^ H >^ cj 1 3? 1 I-H 1 1 a 1 1 ^ ^ •^ 2 S S 3 <; . 00 o vo tT' 0 0 N Ov Ov o Ov COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 34I Il5 0 • H O_^00 H M 00 58 W fO m" I-T 1 fOOO N IT) 0 fO < s OS < M >< Pi w u to IS z III S w ^ W i u z I b 0 « ca S 55 §.5 &°5 Ml til 1^1! • • : : : lil " 1^1! ; : «4 So H O to ^ 88 ■* ^ o- IN H ro VO JO H VO -^ O ^O » lO 1 > < < > U u CO > M S M b O u Z b O K M CQ S 525 1^1 HI bli M • cs m m H ■ ": " '■■ fO lil :: , : : : . O H " is|i : :" ^ : ;" M • ■ : :" " ■'■ 1^11 H ■ H H . " lil N • >/^ ■t Tt M M •4 N Tt fO O. M 1 o > Pi ><• < < > g Pi 1 >. s u m) w >-) £ i K Hi b. O b& t^ • bll vO w f^ • ■ : : : : : • Ml . to • fO o m 1 1 ■ c^ 00 M 1 a fcn 1 H M i ) o ? 4 H 344 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION t vO t^ M t^ fo cs woo •^ 8a on o o 00 • o o o^ lO ON 5^ ^^^^ ■* NO fo M •* CO M r- r» l^^ 6?^ " " " " ^ M ^>^ «-i^i-r-i o CO a M »0 CO 00 •-°£a"i;g ht & o ^.l§ „-og cT l.|§ 8 S8 ^o'g'S 1 O ««V S4A |s|^ W ■ CS > <• >J <; CO 4i° 3*i : : : 8 S8 " ^s-g;? ^ ««» 3W*. Ml • • IH . H >* o V^ 3** R.H CO ■ CO Ov • O- M * C H u §.^s • • : : • • (v; « OO H M 8 S38 VO • O H N CO o °-'='c M u o s;8 mi-T3 o • • ^°li J, iH cq tr> CS • r< lii 2 o So • • • • tsJ ^»1^ [I. O f^ ■ IH H . . • t^ t^ ■ IH IH H . )H IS km u IH ^«|i p^ ^^ lO N f^ . . ■ ■* "^ • M IH . . tl. o ^ . s S>u^8 ;z; h M . IH IH . ■ 't ^ • • HOO o> m ■ H H • CO CO t4i • lii ^^ o< c< •* ■ H IH CO to 00 • • ■0 s> :3^ S^ H §^ H s^ H gtx. H g;^ H gUH H ^^ H ^f^ H • . . >— 1 c^ . i g R :?; ^ ^ 6 1 i H 1 a .S3 2 i 1? D < 1 1 H • ^o t^ 00 d. d yj, p» H « M " H H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 345 III M fO IT) ■ 0> CO >o ? f^ : »o 00 IS 00 li^O 1 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools O N N -00 00 00<> Ov o. • a VOM r^ M H (N 0> ■ o. i > ft < i < > < o M i > OS b O :^ D £ tt. o « CO S D 2; M I'll V» 3*ft lil : : 1^1! ■o • vO ■ • " ^^ Ml Ti- lil ro lil - :: Ml " '■'■ " Ml «4 3*«» : :- " ■■ lil 00 »o lii •.w ■ o O t-- lO N -isO r^ H M H ^'^t^r^ §.s ^"6 8J§ w 0 fl « 8 58 w O C H O l< O N ■ (N • • H ° C „- 1 l^ll . H . H • . O > < < in : : : ° i-, o ^, ^s-g^ < > < loll • • ; " : " ■* • "* : : *f^ 3«» O l« o N • p) > 2sr- ' u §.*§ HI r^ 00 ^^li H • M fO o 00 •00 00 M Tf 8.1: 00 lo H-"" o> t- -OOO a .VO VO <>^ -o'^.ti (T) t~. O HO r^ N t^ a -^H M H O, o • Ov o> ^■r^HI §..s A o § |8 M OO ci ^uXsr : : : 1.5° : : 1 t^ 3«^ 8 58 H . H H . w o M-si:? > < ■ >, $55° or under $6oo "_c ; " " : § ; " " '. '. a o c S o i. a C4 • • m t: 03 c^ »5 c : 'S 'S ;z ♦ P^ ^ S^ H ^f^ H : ^^ H g:^ H S^ H S^ H i 4 c3 nJ ^ c5 > ; 1 a , s i o U 3 1 1 1 a c N O „• . o o. 5° >- « vn • ^. O • too vO OvvO O ■^ M ^ •s-i's.-r-i o^m ^ N t^ a H fO ■* • o> o> Tt o ^ Ov H • H >"* ^it'^h ^.,s &"© 8.^8 • • : : : : ; H-o « cT 8.^§ H-o a H R.^l 1 o *• o S ^S1^ > PI ^ r^ H • M r^ 11 _) h-^c^ < >< §.^§ • ! ; : : : : ■< o 2 H » a H §.!§ : : : ■ > u s.^§ >* • '^ ; " ■*^ ; " ; " f^ A^gi Ij 8 88 • N (N o h'O e M- > Hl SO • ^ M . ■^ K ?i u z S lil lii 00 • 00 2 im u ^°«^ Oh S lii ^°§;& . . N • '^ ^ ^^1^ ■ C4 ♦ ' ^ %^ H ^'^ H ^^ H ^.^ H ^^ H ^_^ H H §^ H >• d 1— > i 8 i u 1 o 1 o -8 i^ U 11 1 1 5, M O ffl "A ^ O 00 6v d ^ q • o^ fo o> 0 • »o lO « ,^ eg ^ r M Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools oc : °° r^ • t^ Tl- H 00 Ov M ■"t lO O lO '-' i > - > u Pi 1 w ■-) R K 09 S ^5 l°i • • • ■ lit im : : : fO • to Hi loll W^ 3*» : ; : loll V*. 3t«. : '^ : •t M • I^ll 4A 3«^ • • Isl! «^ 3«A . H HI . ro ^ ; H Isfl . . o • • H W (MM • l^ll 'c3 P : : : c 1 1 c r- H >^ o 0 -55 M n C < ^ H ^ J fe H 1 H H 3 so NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION . 8?r 00 lo Ov o 8? 00 ooo CO to »o o o • o • o o fel HVO \0 vovo VO 00 VC 00 a«o O V0\0 O lO • •vO \o V V cs m >^Ui •^•no.-r-s H H 0) H M CO N 0> H W 00 O M\0 00 M . H • o Ov H H M hSI'^II 1.^ ^ o 8 S8 I.H (N • < < : - : " > 8 58 • • J ^s-s:? < o »« o >< ss|^ z > «% 3^ " : " : : u 2.^8 H - : : : Pi M o a H 8 88 o H-° a M w 5 8 >< ss-g"- ?i z lii • • • w •J ^s|§ b «♦ g«» o 2 i-.n . . u . CO CO • H H unk Ph b o ) • M i_i • o : >^ "A 1 1— > 1 1 1 -c c s ^ 4J a 1 > i t Tt • \d • 00 Ov o ^ J^ j:;- H t^ M COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 351 1*^ « s « S :R 10 fO >o r^» to a ^ ^q M H q 1^ r^ ■ ^ ^ •• :^ 00 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools ■00 00 ■ H H 10 ^ODO Ti" .0 • VO ^ • ^ : 2 0 • 0 0 i 0 > < .J < >> K < > < > u K M S u W b 0 If) < b. 0 K M n D 1^1 i/^ . . li! 1^11 l°l! " ■'■ loll Isll H P( ro fO l^ll l^ll l^ll l°|i : :" " ■■ ^ 3^ S^ll 8u|g, ■ o ^ l^ll •00 00 ■ ro ro • M ** 3** ii 0 6 1 i M 5 1 3 1 1. M CO H a 1 0 1 00 c •s EI 1 H 352 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION u •0 10 0 fO Ov 8? t • 00 00 lii fo 10 f^ • fO 0 • 0 m ■©5^ 00 M Ov q. ^ •00 00 (S Tl- VO I/^VO H • 0> CN (N 0> H t^ • t^ 10 • 10 H w ^-rt^n §.s ^ o a.^§ • • « 0 0 ci §.^§ «» 3*% l.^l H O C M 1 «A 3*% i,6oo or nder 1,700 . . > <; ^ 3** $1,500 or under $1,600 °u^° • • ►J ^°c I? < > °.^§ < « 0 B H §.5§ : " : cs ; '^ " > M C C M u 2.^§ W^ . .0 . H M P^ H 0 a H (A 8 S8 • CO fO H H M o H-o a M- u CO ** 3W* z III °S^^ 2 w» 3*^ § • ■* ■* :3 lii . H H ^°|i Ph Ei. O lii s Hi IZi %u^d. 4; • • ■ • ^°1^ 1 ■00 00 • M . . . 0 o O lO r- ro ro lO Pi CD < O z > u u X u CO i i S U u 2 K i l°l : : : lit til 4A S«>» ill : : : H . M ■ . H . • VO • vO 8 S8 loll • • lil : : : 8 58 I'll 111 lii . Tf • t • • lii M • H i°|i • • i^li . CO ro MM H . . lii M ro Tj- • • •^ Tf ■ ■ til H • • • • • ■ ls|| • o O H 354 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1' H 0000 ^ OOVO S 1" to • • g : : |£ § Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools M N oovo ■* tooo M M NVO 00 • • HOO o> >> < in < < g > u > < h z u W ti. o w < OS b. O K s M Ml " ■■ : : . r- r- . to S § •:| I Is •* • TT 1 vo ■ >0 ^^1 vo Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools .^ vo N vo 00 • M lO • Ov Ov • 0> Ov o « '-' > < •< < > & > < s u >j u £ » pa § : . : : ; : : li! H-0|| : : : loll. «% 3W*. <:4. 3 to . . O CO i 1 1 1 M 1 C4 > 1 (1 « \M i 1 i H C > c 1 IS CV I C4 H 356 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ) • a 0> -00 00 o • 8 • '^i- ■* o^ ^^ • o. o- fO o on 0 o H ^^^ o • • Ov Ov ^ .VO 00 • Tt- 00 lO Sr^ 00 t-- 00 ^S-s ^ " •^ ^>^ . v- ^ „ •vo VO • H M >/i ■ 1/1 • CO to woo o> • 00 00 M- (N vo H 0\ o rtuO ,Co l-l M H '^Sa^II R..S ^"6 §.^§ H 0 g cT o >-• o ^g^R «* 3««. 8 S8 ■ • • 1 o >■ o [I. o 5o|& > < Ml M • M w >< 8 S8 . ►4 ^s-g:? < §.^l " : " M 0 C M *» 3%% §.^§ > H oa H u w 2.-^§ Pi M 0 a H ^ 8 u o . M ° e m" c^ . . ^°ll 8?^-S2j ! ro • CO ?! i W ^°P tb o %u^^ H • M " -' : " • CO CO 00.O cl~, i KS^I : : "^ '-' : " " ■ '^ n- '-' ; " ^°g2^ Ph § §s|k) • ro ro • M " : ; : " M K n «^ g«% lil : ^ < > < > < o > u :3 8 a >• K S u b. O en < Oh b. O & l°i • • • • ■ ■ ■ lii ■ • ■ • ■ loll V» 3**»i • • Ml : ; l.ll : ; : Wl CO • fO • • l^ll ■ • H lil lii ■ w i^li Hk t^ . (^ . . lii ■ • l°ll • fD 00 H • • • l°ll ^ ■ -S 4 to 1 h >o fO 1 o 'c3 O CO a Ph ) 358 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ^ 00 ti 00 t^ t^ O M 00 »o >o H O ^ >0 IN 0> 1 o o 00 0 O "O 00 1^ 00 . Ov 0> f) ^ ^ O • VO M a O HI r- 00 MVO 00 foo C^ 1 lb o > < <; < >< •< o z > U tn S u I 7, S u t u z O K ca S 1^1 lit |.|| til >^ 3«* loll Ml W4. 3W» Wl mi 8 £8 H • li! lii : : : : lii lit lii : : : NO 00 m H Tj- Hi •00 00 • ■ : '^ : '^ : ; : . . " 1 1. 2 ■^ lO lO ■ H 1 Ci H H . fO CO O c II 73 • • S O ; c J d 1 ? 1 H : d 1 1 t £ d H ^ c • COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 359 o o o O vo o 00 o> o o> o lO O IT) fo t^ to VO I o 000 (-£a"e; ^-6 O V o H v. -a M H o a M J-g^ H S' 8 . ;^^ H d h ;^f^ H gti. H 360 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 0 g ^ S : 00 K |l 1 °° ° 0 1000 Ov 0 0 33 5; VO vO vO • VO ro Tt •51- (N M ro I-I.O t^ HVO 33 x^ 1 II. 0 >• (Si < > < >- ■< i u (-) M > <; s Id Ii. 0 < b 0 K CQ S H lit 8 S8 ■Sol 5 lit 8 158 lit ; : : : : : : : ■ • : : : |s|| \n ■ ro • 8 58 «% 3«» M • H . • . ro ro • • - N C-i . . lii w . . iii . . lii lil VO I^li iil M l»|l H m CO H " oc l^ a! U < p fcM 1 s 3 0 a VO W f^ 1 u 1 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 361 ¥> lO -00 00 <3 ■ T 0 >ri H 0 >^ 0 CMO fO 00 Ov w vo \o 00\O % ^8 VO vOOO 680 1,250 900 M .VO m' vo Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools ■ " N ■ -t rt \n . 10 N ro Tt fO M t t^ ■ Ov o> 1 > < > < < H u M Pi 8 X S G 2 0 s M lit Id! ■ • Isll • • • loll • «^ 3«% |.|| 8 58 : : " 1 1 lit : : : N • • ■ 1 3 0 i 1 4 > 1 1 H ' 6 362 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 00 0 1^ t^ 0000 s :| 8 8a H ?2 ro S 1^ •0 VO 10 M (N fO ir> . 1-1 H M •rj- 10 lO H vo co>0 00 H to •* i 0 >• < < CO > .J K < >< ■< u Pi 1 i I S u >j (A < 1 S D bl m |,|| til lit ; ; '. Ml m. 3««. H . M M HI . M . . |.|| 4A 3«>i . ro lil lii W . " : : til M M N Tj- . . lit fo • CO ■ ■ lit • • V» 3^ l^ll . HI l=|l ^ 1 " >^ 1 : g : : HI M VO -f VO to Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools ^ Tt 0 --l-o 0 • "^ M MVO t^ • 00 00 fO N > K < < 0 S u Pi X ■< 1 M 0 w < 0 « S D 15 1^1 lit i-:| !°ll '-'■ Ml Ml : - : |,|| lil : : : i^ii : : lil lii ♦ ' lii N 111 lit M W . M : : : sii « • • • H : : • i : 1 lit (N • ro - : : ^ 1 i^li • N - : :| : ;- 1 M . Tl- Tl- fe u 00 .S3 § i < i 1 00 i u :^ < 1 1 364 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 00 M § B 00 »0 Tf 00 0 fo t- OvO H 1 §1> a 0 to t^ vOOO 10 00 >o s II 'D 00 cs -t VO H vO t^ 10 ro 00 H vO t^ > < < < > < 0 z > u u > Z b] w W ti. 0 12 u & PS n § H Ml : : : l.sll 0 0 to w* 3*^ ■t • IN lii ■ N ^ -H 1 ^^ -^ ^ P "S ^ 4 8 i 1 m ^ c?^ ;^ (2 < 0> Ov Ov Ov 0> C N « « N « C a 1 i i 1 1 ; 1 li \ tit COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 365 00 0 .'.S ^ :| o »^ 0.<3 00 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ments Schools \0 M t^ • r^ t- -vO 0 ■ t^ '^ ^0 ^ o> o> ■* M 0 1 b. 0 >• < < < 0 > u 0 s u z s w (A u z K « s D l°6 lil !«l! iil Hi h\l : : : 1,11 «4 3«A rO ■ fO 0 ■ § 3 366 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION OoO 00 t^ r^ H 00 i 1." 1 II IT) . r^ O • M 5 t Total Princi- pals of Ele- menfy Schools (NVO 00 ■ ^ M- H lO VO MO W H IT) vO • ^ >o • fo ro H 'i- 1 > m K < >< < O > u u M ^ § u w s w u » n M : : : : : : Hi 8 S8 ■ ■ ■ Soil 4A 3«> . : : : Ml Vk 3M . . loll loll Isll W» 34A. lil : : : I'll M to Tf . . w . . : |o|| l^ll b\l l°|l "" CO ■ fo lii lit • • M Tt »0 H lO VO • M lit 8w|g, P ^ i i t H i 1 t 1 Jo i i a M >— > c o •0. 4 M CO H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 367 2 >- £« « Sis : a?:^ CO 10 s ;i 1 ;a 0 1^00 S II 0 • MVO 00 3 < < > H U to X S u en •J K s H Ml 4A 3W» iil 4A 3«4. HI • • 4A 3** loll W» 3** . . ' 1^1! m loll «A 3«*> • • • lii lit . ro lit w . . lii i«|l i^li ■ -^ -^ ■ ■ ei3 cj ; fl fl : : 'B 'B JO J3 |s|| 00 . 1 1 1 "2 § .£ , ffi ^ § •" ^ i i fO CO CO 1 CO i s" 3 0 CO H 368 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION m III t^ O 00 ^ O 00 o 0 0 • • ; |; 8 O- IN ■* vO • >o Tf . Tf . . i o >> < > < < > s u X s b O tn •J < s M li! lii . . Igll : : : : ; ; ■ • : : : W5 . ro ■ • : : : 8 58 : : : o So l^ll l^ll l»|i w . t ■^ • • m o ; :8 8 ;« 1 w : 1: 1 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools N Tl- 3 3 10 • t~- 0 • 0 i 0 > Pi <; -1 < < < 0 > i-l (J CO > s u .J W u z « u m S Wl W! til : : : lit lil 8 S8 loll I'll l°|l l«|l l°|l lit N • iil . 10 i^fi • -^ ■* • • •t • 'T Isl* ^ 1 -^ : .3 .S : : ** 3** : :. 0 • • • ■ . 0 0 H . ll !2 : - : : .23 1 < 5 > t C ClH 4 .2 glx, H ; 4 ^ H 370 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION V V n o o : p 1 11 § 88 0_ t^ 0 • (S i H s Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools H^O ■ • ■* TJ- .VO so M lO t^ i o > < < O > u < S u tn K W s D IS ^°5 lit ■ • loll «% 3«» yi Isll 4A 3*% ■ ■ : . : Wl : : : «% 3W H . • . lit iii (N IN ■* i»|i • • • t •5)- ■ • ; i^li ** 3«* H • N Ov \0 ■* t §s ^ xn-O 0 vO^O 1 0 Ov in 10 S) v§ n- 00 lO Total ment'y Schools N fO lO 00 wo t^ w ro 10 M Tt i 0 > 'A < < > 1 >> < I A % < Oh K Pi h 0 K CO S M m 8 S8 8 58 l.|| : :: |.|| I'll M . . . . ■ 4A 3«** ; ; • M ° a M Mi 3««» 0 J38 iii : 1 lii 1=11 lit ro • • Isll : ; : lii i^li a! ■ ^ a • • 1 i°|i 0 ; ; HI . MO . ro ■5 PO • . lii T3 ■ • >0 ■ Tt r}- . HI H 13 1 ■■ |i i w to 1 4 115 1 3 pi a 1 W H 1 oc >> '0 Ov 5 «0 cJ 1 c a en i H ^ 0 ) 372 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION O r- to M CO O »0 o 00 ■ < in < >^ •< > Pi 1 •< s tn tt s D 15 1^1 lit til ■ ■ ' ' lit HI m ■ : :: I'll ■ ^0 • ^ : : Ml I'll til lit ■ CO lit '■'- i^li ■■ i^li >, ^ ^ 1 " ■ ^ lit ■'- i lii ■ ■ fO c^ c : ° P ' ^ 1 PL, i 1 1 p: c 1 c C c 1 i 2 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 373 41 «/) • "1 1^)00 O 0 fO M Tf rf . n 0 ^^ j/i O fO 00 2"= « ^O <3vO so 0,0 00 .VO VO ^«0 00 00 ■* VO ^>^ H . M W Tj- \0 rO ■^ t>- l/l • lO lO (N TJ- VO Tf < *>» 3«* 8 S8 H . H J ^si:? < > §.H < 4A 3*«» Isll ■ «» 3«A' u s.l§ P< H-o a M in R.^2 CO • fO H O C M t/3 o t8 w . 1-1 > r^u ^ l»il . til . . : CN . 0) in < i^li: S O 4) O . W M . . • N N • ■ •* 3** ^ ■ H HI M . „ fe O V o M . M w W) «*) CO CO fO 5 to 374 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION (U • o O o o 00 O o o a :^ •°s. 00 00 O VO • • 'e© H.O >o •00 00 ■ r^ t^ . . ^>^ ' lilitl • ^ ■t M fO ■^ P)\0 00 H IN ro • lo M ; '-' H . lO "^ : : nra^ii 8.53 4^ O 1 lu^B : .; : H » a „ m : : : : : : : Vk 3*<». 8 S8 : : : : 1 :;oi~ 1 «^ 3«*> 8 i!8 o ^-o'g '^ > < U3 . > 8 S8 u ^o-,"J •< >* ^J5^^ < §-ll • • « ° C H u O l> o u g.^8 • • (4 M O 0 H o >-. o . o l.-ri 2 • • • . . o H-O C „- c^ >• |°ll « t: ^, s ^OP lii s (/I lit ■ 2 lit . . p. ■^ : : Ph . o ^sp ^^p S', 1 §?;?^ :" u S,.,^8 • • • o So • M N M M ^ . M ; '. '. ^^p • M M M to t w P) CO • • •ss . . ' ' s- ^fe H ^f^ H S^ H ^fe h gfa H S^ H ^^ H ;^t^ H > c3 > >^ >i g 6 CI i s 4 iz; 1 6 .a 3 'B S3 -3 § 1 5 w K < U o o W O o M to 4 to )S «5 % f<5 CO % '^ "^ % \ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 375 ^ 4) n ^ ■O oovo « 0 3 N ■* o • D 0> Tf lo . 0 lO >o O • Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools lO t • •* -r fo i^ < Pi < < O u u M X > K < < > < O > u f^ u CO 1 ■-) b O ■J < Of Oh (2. o « CO S D 1^1 : : til • • til ' M! iil " *0. 3«* loll " M • • • • lil " HI • H . loll • • CO ■ • • 1^1 1 *S 3(^ : : : l»|l ' lil i^ll I'll |s|l H • • H H ■ pj |s|l t ■ ■* • ■ • l^ll c: H - . lit • (N M i»|i ; O ; ; • (N N • (N P) . . " |i O t • ■ H i < 1 ■ i 1 1 i 6 o i 1 t H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS •00 00 O 0 >o o 1^0 o 8S o. « S n ■ r^ t^ O -o t^ t t^ o Ov ■ o. • ■<]■ m l-l ^>'^ •S-Co.-r-i ■00 CV| P) ■^ ■O <5 o N t^ 1 <^ Tj- lO o> ■^S'a^El §„s ^°6 8.J--S8 H o a « l^ll V* 3W» l.^l 1 V» 3*«» 8 £8 o -*ig-a t:r > < < ^ ^s-g^ < •< u Ml 4A =** O Wi o . > 8§|% u u §.!§ " ; « : : : : ^ R.^S : : ^ : ^ : : ^ H o w o 5 8 M ■ H ■ . H W > < «°11 ■> I, 0< M ■ o 1 M M Is-is! • Si *** 3** "rt • •* rj- .vo ^ -r! •s§ J3 t) P-i gfe H S^ H ;5 Ci. h S^ H ;^t^ H : ^ fa H ^U. H -S • i 1 ci3 s' ' 4 > g 1 1 g, ^ •5 3 < 1 o 2 1 1 t lO ^^ • lo lO •>t N vO Pi : ; : > 8 S8 J To-rj < >- 2S|^ «>^ 3«* 8 v.'O m „- o S « u u §.|§ p< « 0 a H (A 8.11 o M ° C M «« 3«A w o 1) 8 > K ?i I, z isp .J l^ll • • ■ • o in 8v.^S, : : : . a°|2^ < O DO • • 5 ^oP Ph O : '■^ : c ca ' til ^ : Tt . . : " : " ^ iil : "^ § r^ 00 \o 00 1 ;a «/i •«t Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools M ro M ro M Tt »0 N M ro MM N • Tt •00 00 1 0 > < < < >< < Z > u u Pi tn X s ,J W en h 0 K M CQ S D 1^1 • ■ HI • • Isll : I^M Isll lii l,ll Ml ; : : :: |g|| Ml «4 3** : "^1 - : : 1 l°ll : : : |o|l ; ; ; lii : : lit lit ■ • i't& : '^ fO M • H t'U ; ; : : : lit 1 1 i^ll M H ■* 1 : : " (N 0 c a! ' • t^ r- • T3 C .0 VO §^ H gt-^ H gU. h ^fe H :^t^ H ^f^ H : ^U. H 1 0. p: 1" 0 0 (2 3 1 -§ •—1 i aj !2 •n 1 s H N ■ < OS < < O > Pi u > s u >J [I. O w I-) •< Oh tb o K ca S 1^1 • lit |,|| • • V* 3W. Ml «4 3«4 l^ll V* 3«A' ** 3«* l»|l N • • l^ll l«|l I'll : : : |s|l • ■* ■* til >, 1 ■ 1 I'll o • • • .s • *^ 5 c i«|i " & :: 13 O ■ N ■ 1 • M w o 13 11 (2 ■ 1 ■ ■ • T3 ■ 1 a o 1 H : g_f^ H : gt^ 1 1 II PL, o "^t- 0. CO to 00 M 10 vO .NO >0 M Tf VO • -"T ■<1- 1 > < < > < Z > u w u > Z s D z § PS M m S Ml Mi : :: : :: loll : :| : : : «<» 3«i% H . : -: V^ 3** ■ '■ loll ** 3«* : : : lii . lii . lii lii lil ro M ^ • ■ . lii . . . ■ 111 " 1 ' ro • ro ro |8|| .» " ■■ ■.a : : : .S : : 111 (N (N N n- 0 P) vo ^^ 1 1 1 h 382 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1? >D O O 00 "1H VO 0000 00 • •* J? a : s 459 i,ooo 700 '^ :| 1 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools N M Tf M iri ^ . TT ^ w ; 10 MM fo • to CO i I < < O > U b O •< b. O K n S 1^1 : : : : : ,: : : : :: ^ 3W» til A 3«^ . loll : : : loll : : : ' : : : . Ml Ml : : : N • lil lii : : : : : : i^ii l-:i l^li IsIs ** 3*** l»|l l^fl : : : 1 • .3 • ■ • .2 • " lii ; O • ; 0 • M 13 P ^ ■ . . : : "^ ■ -T3 • • ■ 1 ■ ■ 1 a J 00 H : gt^ 1 1 li 4. * i ■ 1- 1 1 a (2 1 'i 1- •* H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 383 IP 1^3 1 ;o OOO'I ooo'i oo£ 1,000 750 625 § §; 1 ;^ 1 :» 8 Total Princi- pajs^of ment'y Schools • ■* fO ro P) • C< • M M . CO CO i 0 > < < i < > < 0 > U 0 X u i S E ;2; M lit I.I! : ; : ; ; ; I»ll : : 1 : : : 1 I°l! 1-1 . l.il lit |s|| HI ■ til ■ ■ ■ lit lit ls|| : -: . i^ll • ■^ a3 " : :| : 1 ■ ■ ■ CO 5 13 ll T3 • ■ • 0 ■ ■ 'A 6 % i i 1 06 H : ^'^ .i ■ a " & 1 g 1 £ 1 i 1 Eg 1 <5 1 H 3^4 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION pi • 00 •00 S§ : 1^ C; % : i-T 1 I'S 1 la \ Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools LO ■ t^ t^ TT . "^ •< < ■< < o u u K s < Oh 5 K D 1^1 lit : > : ; ; 8 S8 W^ 3W. 8 S8 : ; : Isll ; : ■ • _ l^i! «A 3«* lil : : : lii M • • lis 8v.|s> l^ll ' 8glg; m CO • ■ _^ II ■ HI • • o So ^ ! -i 1 ■■ o 5 5 . -o VO a o o H . H ^ i3 i3 H • H w II :- lO . . . -^ X) Td H . ■ S o o p! ^ ^ ro 1 1 > C 3 H : ; • : :^f^ 1 i § 5 nil « -s t t i i M H COMMiITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 385 0 lO <3 >0 IT) § fO • so • :Z 2> : VO ■* • VT) IT) n- <3 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools fO (N -^ VO (N • • Tt H . M H lO VO M fO ■<1- i 0 > < in < > < 0 H u > H S u (I. 0 in M lit ill : :: ■ ■ ■ loll Ml Ml 4A 3«». lil . . lil : :: 0 oJ 8 ' ^^la |o|| ; : ; lii : ; : lii : : : • l°ll M . . |s|| " ■■ i^ll HI loll' CO • CO • • " '■'■ lil 1 •0 fa T ci Ph i ■ 1 (J H ;^fa 0 eg H 386 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2 J: « MOO O 0 O • 1^ Ov • »o ■ • : S, : 00 • 1 II 1 Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools M ^ fO oq lO . fO CO • CO W CO 0) lO i O > < < > < < > 5 u Pi X O u a. b. O e » H til : lil lil loll lit lil CO M 1^11 lii : ; i-:i lit lit i^li H • : : lii lit CO H 1 % H : .2 s i 2 6 CO i 'C Ph :^^ •a PlH 1 > pq i % 1 Ph i' H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 387 •5 >0 ro "• 0 CO II 0 . 0 <5 '. 1^ 0 • • !> "• ■ ?- : 0 CO 1^ Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools • »o lO M . M t M 10 • CO CO • • VO CO CO VO 1 0 > < < > 1 i >j b 0 CO :^ i K Ph it. 0 K CQ S 1^1 til lit 111 1^11 lit • • |s|| ■ i«|l • • lii lit lit ; ; M . CO CO • • til ■ • :: Tt . Tl- M . lit _>. CO • • 3 lit ; ; ; : g 5 . " . m „ . . -3 ; 0 • • cd • CO CO H ■ Ph -0 • • 1 6 1 i 4 1 •3 C - d 8 1 < i •;3 H 388 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION « s « a : o 00 >0 1 M 2" fo lo o O fO "il- i ;§ I Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools r^ ■ t^ t^ M ^ to fO CO so • w > < < < 2 > U u M O s u > s i u ^ o K 03 s H "r : : : • i°ll ; : : «4. 3^ : : lii ; ; ■ lit Isll : M ■ ■ ; w ; loll M aw* " : Isll • • ■ ■ ■ • • Isll «% 3«*> '■■ H • |s|| • ■ • • iil lii l^ll tN • ■ CO . . |s|l ■ ■ : : : lii l>s|s . . 111 1 : : : l^ll : : : fl : "^ •a CO • lO |6p ; O ; ■ ; ; ; ■ a • • P) H CO • M ID ■ 1 : c : : (2 H N pi 1 1 i J I tin ) 0 H < 1- ■ f c 1 u i pq Ph 1 S o H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 389 P V n «5J t- 00 0 0 >0 >o io^ VO -00 a IQ : 00 VO <0 -o Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment*y Schools : '^ : CO >H N CO IT) . CO CO M ■ CS > < > < 0 > H U M X u s ttl >J Cd b 0 (A R K b. 0 K M n S Ml iil • • li! : : Ml ' ' ■ ■ • . • • lil lit i^li . CO CO • . t4k lit i°|i iil w . ■* -"t ls|| H • ^ I'll • N M M 0 lii ; : "^ li • -1 ■ • 6 4 < 1 1 0 i c c 1 c d M 1 >0 i CO in i M H 390 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION »o O S8 O m 1- t^ t^ • Ti- a : : : ^^ : : lii ^ Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools M M ^ M « to • M M to lO ■ • 1 O > < < < >< z > Pi I u > < W b O u I K ca S 12; M Isll iil ; : : : ; : lil ; : ; i,|l : : : HI Wl . • ■ lil 8 £8 M • (N • • «E^ 3^ • • ** 3** • • lii ; : : ; lii : : : I'll : ; i^li 8 -la : " b\l loll' ; « " _^ 1 " lit : g .S : : Hk : 1 = : : N to IT) . . Ph ^ E Q H : is c c - oc ^ d 1 Pi i 1 fe > p: fe C 1 h COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 391 :| 1 ;i a :g 00 00 : :R to Total Princi- pals of Ele- ment'y Schools ■ CO ro ■ vO <3 fOM ■ ■* i 0 > < < < > > i ■J b 0 « Ph u. 0 K g s D 55 bl hJJ- m i.ii ■ fsll ■ Ml . • loll Ml Wl lil lii • . Sii ' i^li i^li : : : IsIk ; : : t'U i«|t ro ■ Tl- . fO ro ■ ■ 1 ■■ lii : : : : .a B •• : 5 0 " c! ; : 1 ■ ■* 111 ; 0 a ,: 13 13 : ° : : 1 P • -X3 -13 • 0 S3 • • ^ 0- . -T3 • • ■ 2 ■■ 1 Ph to to H a 0 1 si - 0 0 >o 1 to d c 1 c f34 i to H 392 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 111 rj- 00 lO ° 1 '. : < < in > OS < w > < o z u u u s > txl s u .J w .J < K K i 1^1 . bil . iil 1^1! iil . : :: 8 58 1 8 58 • • • : : : 1 : ; : : : : S,.|8 **- 3«*. : ; : : : : : : : lii ■ y- ■ : vO 00 ■* i 0- • lO «n»A 8 Total Princi- pals of Ele- menfy Schools W . ^ ; : N Tf M \r) CO . CO 1 > < 1 H u i s s i S K l°l : : : : : i^ll : : ; ■ : ; III! • • Isll * : : : : ; : Ml : : ; ; : : Ml W^ 3V». : "^ ; CO lil III! HI m b\l IH • H • • Hk Hi : :: lit 1 i^li . i°|i . « • • i»|i • • P ■ f, . . • M M • • ' C 1 1 ■ H ;§ ^ ^ ■ 4 to «o H 394 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION III p ^ Ov 0000 fO lO w M Ov M 00 q r^ M . >0 1^ -VO ■^ N CO »0 0000 «0 HOO Ov VO lO 00 • «o «0 lOvO VO vovo 1 Total Elem, School Teach- ers vo to O <3 ! if ! "f CO O M >0 rt M lO CO w" H ^ :8 H H o < < O z > w < 0 5 0 5 u 1 » u K u < u H .J 8 X u CO > I w s II. o P5 s D 1^1 15 ■* ■ ■ : g : § : : : : : ; ; ; M! 1/5 . . : : : : : : w • M 8 S3§ Tot's Ovr- ; : : * • 8 s;8 vOO r^ • • : : ■ «4 3W. r- r^ • o ■ o • • .VO VO ■ • : : : d°§»i o •* aoo lO w O VO w • • • r^ t^ . . : : : • • • 00 00 vO lOOO fO Cv) • S : : : : ^ Ov "^ ■ M • • o S38 ""^ % - 1^ .VO VO . . : : : lii IT) H fO fO • • TT ^ ^00 2 : : til 00 vq • >o »o ^ '■'^ °^ '^ '. '■ t- IQ : : lit HVO 2 i~ CO • CO 1^ CO • ^ •00 00 . . '. '. 2 O -VO VO lii •VO ■^ vo-> VO 00 VO CO .^ 1 r- H lit 1 5 "S O, :^ M • CO rf . H CO • (^ ^ "1 1 i^ Ov M lO XT, jO ^ S.u^8 CO fO I-- CO . CO s ;s § :S o • • • ■ o O ■ '^ ■ ■* 8^|s> • M : :^ . CO S iS ^ : : • 00 ^ jvS VO lii I '. CO CO • J^ CO • O. Ov • • ^ -.s v8 "^ 1^ lii : : : : ivo VO '■ '■ : : M ? : : • ^^ •t lii : : : M CO 00 00 • • |i : : : : : : : -5 ^ • • 6 fa fa 4 to H ;gfa I 4 H ^fa i o J 1 fa. H gfa i s 4 to s m 00 H u c u 2 c a fl - p I— I 4, »— I M lO COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 395 00 H 1 Tt N FD fo 00 a vo q vo VO 00 in r^ t^vo ^ 8^ vo 00 vo vo ^ O. CO 00 1^ vo lO ■* TT lovo 1^ lo O CO r~ M vo 00 r^ j^ M CO H\0 O w-)vO 00 vo M '^ fO CO " 0> 0> NO. VO 00 bo < < < O > ? u 2 z 1 M B i^ U H 1 < s u «j H K U u S 55 1^1 VO r>. : ^ : vo • ■ loll • M a :: Ml -t ■ Tt . . Ml N W2 •O ■ vo vO 00 • 00 • ■ M Tt " 1.1 1 - " ■■ = M C. . ^ :: • • : :' ^ I.II ; O 2 :;? \r, ■ ■ • CO CO ■ H N lit "2 H • • ; : : • t Tt ■ H lii "1 vg :^ t~~ ■ M " ^ fO • Ov o> 1 lii : !^ ^ ■ • vo • ■ H 0> CO o i^li : : ;^ vS -.^ ;^ ^? °^ :% 00 N >J^ CO -t r^ O O 0 • >^ CO ^ 3 . o> 5; "-% ^ '^^ S> :? ? is ^ ^S Sv :j;? CO lii : -.3 V? :? H *^ fO ^ :^ - :^ XT) '. '. .vo vo lii : ivS" vo CO ■ •* ? ;^ ^ : : 111 ; O o • ■ . CO CO -00 00 • • II C3 : :? ? : : ■ 1 d c 1 1 •c fe H ^ .Z ^ u^ tLi 1 c 1 tlH IE 1 »■ H o'^ t- rr^^ t:;2 ^ ^ 10 m' O ^ H cJ o 9. Ov C!_i-1 (U s"? .§•0 ni d 1-, Ov >OT 396 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION li^ il~^ • o 0 t~- •* a =2 :S 2? 2 55 ^^ Ov Total Elem. School Teach- ers '• -^ C\ CO N <3 »0 • 0) 1 :-& i °°§; 1 ""^ % :? ? ii 1 > < < z s u •J W b O K U 0) S H ; ; ; Isll Ml lii ; • • 8 £8 '■" " '■■ ■ t-~ ; ; ; . U1 M . . lii '• CO to • • . . lii ■ • ! • • i^ll :§ • -00 ^ -:? ^ • • lii : "^ H • • . CO • •* : :S 8 : : o So :^ ^ : : • 00 ^ : : • M vo • • t^ • • : :3. 5^ ^S 2 i^ ^ : : • t^ r^ . . til :=a ■^ :% % :& 2; :^ P) CO vo • •* CO • CO to CO • t^ l»P • fO ^ :? ? ;? ? -^J:; % ;^ ^ "% ^ 1^ ^ :°^ ^ lii ■ M o- " C" 00 • CO M . H :? -^ CO ■ CO CO '• ^ ^ jf:^ f:^ :S S • fO • CO CO CK a :^ ^ :?5> ?> :? ? "^ % -.^ to o So is 2 "2 2 ': i : i- ^ :^ 0) • M fe c 1 < 1 a 1 8 > t fjH 1 > 1. 1 Ph H I I I I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 397 2 >3 « l« ■1 €^ lO t-. . lO lO \0 ■* lO to t^ •* lO t^O o> O fO vO to to % : Total Elem. School Teach- ers Sg ^ "S >o • CO a is 1 "? t^ OvOO t^ CO CO CO • CO 1 i o < o > ? •-I & 1 i z. in U H X § PS H CO S «; o Ml Ml ; : : loll «» 3W» loll 4<^ 3«A • • § lit • • 5- ^ ■ ■ ■ • r^ • ' 13 iil 1 a |sl| ■ o a ■ • : ; : l^li : :^ ^ ; : 1 lit ^ :^ t • • M rD lO CO O fO lO • H CO ■ H VO • • H lO ^ "o 8 i" CO • • ►s lols H (N CO • • • 't Tt ■ • : "^H w r^ ^ • '■ til -^ ^0 ■ ■ t~~ ■ ■ ■ cs ^ : : to • ■* 5 _:;? • (N cs 1 til H fO ^ :a a :^ lO -00 00 • VO \0 00 '^ CO • CN H S :^ 00 |o|l •00 " :? 3 :^ w . Tt '* • N ^ lii c 1 < I- • o 1 a 3 tM z I < c fcL, a % X 1 CO > c (Jh H c C cd E C bo c 1 a 398 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION « s « • to ^ \i fo t^ • IT) • a »/1 :g s Total Elem. School Teach- ers MO x^ • 00 00 -to . < -) >< > < > 5 u Pi ? u o z 3 3 a < (I) H >< K s a b O K U u S 52; H 44 §^ 8 S8 Ijo Oh- io's 1 |o|| iil til lit i^li H . t^ r^ . . .VO VO 8 Jg. M • r- r- -00 00 • • • M ^ til : : ° 8 iH- ^ i- - \ \ : :5 •8 : ; o. i^ll .VO O . H H . O ■ ° ; ; • • O o • o O • M (N i^li • t^ lO • •* ? :^ ^ : N N ; ; : :a % : : : : " " i°|i "^oo' 00 -o o • • : : J ^ :2 D • • • VO O • o VO lO lO -00 t^ • VO 1 0 VO Ov Total Elem. School Teach- ers ^>o VO • H s Ov -00 1 > K < <; > < i > S u M i H s ■J u z X X > I s a O K U s D M . I'll • • . . . 4A 3M. 1^11 Ml • • ■ lit i^li • M - N • • • • i^li • : • lit : "* t • • (^ . . i»|i : w M • • ■ -"^ ^ :" lii S : : : : " Cr "^ ° S :^ V? :8 o • • i^li :2 • N -VO H : : H . CO H . O 2 ■ ■ lit : "^ 11 • ■* P) • Ov • H ^ ;^ to -00 •00 00 • • 00 • • ' S :% 00 • M " "o 2 i" r^ - M Cv. . lii M .\0 VO • r^ ; ;00 00 • N '-' i^ii '. 2 O • ; • t^ - :v? VO • ■ ■ CO " "2 i^li : : . VO VO ■ ^ M . H fo • t • • • CO 0 ■ fO ro MO • 1^ r- HI : :% 00 • • • t ■* • • • t^ Tt P .VO VO • ■ • 'C •VO 0-1 VO 6 If 1 1 1 (n C C < ^ U^ > c < [IH ,c C c c 1 ■ t i •a Pi 1 1 t ^ > E % fa • H 400 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ai • fo ro r-00 o> • « N .\0 <3 •00 00 • r- r- 10 tD • ^ 0 m • ■* •^ ■ ■* 'T « u « Total Elem. School Teach- ers • r^ t^ >oo H • M W • 0 0 ■ -^ •Ci §.J1 A o l.u 1 H ° C H i o §.!§ >• 3 < 8 S§ w ?s-s;t i >< «% 3^ M 8 S8 W „- 0 B H p >' !^ 8 S58 ^ > H 0 (3 M oj t«. 3W> 8 S8 H w S-ol"- ^ M 2 In •J < $950 or under $1,000 • • u &o'2S d O 7:, l»p .0 VO • • : : : : ; " •n Q 8..I?. woo 0 : : • 2 ^°§S $750 or under $800 : "^ CO ; " " d •o 8^|S. •too s •<3 ^ : " " ^^g^ V, ■ M H •00 00 • ■* ■!^ < &,^^8 • fO rO ■ W H • " H H ^ §^ . H H H M w . M N • 0 CN . 10 to • 10 10 W (N ^o-g^ ; " " N . m 10 ^ u ^ 3^ 4^ . H H • t^ i^ •00 00 • 'J- Tf > ^^■^^ •ff S a> • 0 0 ■ t •* ■ lo 10 ■ CO CO rt • fO H ^OP d • ^0 rO ■o . >o t^ H ■ r^ t^ H s ^ ■- j^ a ■ tr, rO •00 00 • fO fO iz; lii • 0. H • M '^ ■ " • M " a t • VO 0 5^^ a ^,^ H ^;^ H glx. H ^^ H g^ H S^ H s^ H g fe Eh C3 tn •5? ^ 1 i s »- ■» 1 t- ■> VO ^ H ^ ^ ^ >^ i? c 1 1 1 g 1 0 1 i e c > ' •S a ^ ^ ts u m H H » 6 ^ M CO ■/i <: ■ U1 ^ w ^ 1 «o "> COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 401 i i Is ■3 '■ 0 0 2, i « 10 1 T 1 V? Total Elem. School Teach- ers • 0 0 ■ -"t t . cs s ;^ S ij 00 1 > < < < > u i s D iJ U Z d) X u < u z s u M b. 0 M g s D I? «* 0 |.|| l^ll loll : ; : Isll «4 3W» : : : : : : li! lii •vO vC ; • : : ° 0 til * . : : : • i»|l ivS ^ ; : ■ • . IT) ■ '■ " ts lii •" H • <~> t~- • • lii • X^ ^ : : • ■ " H . . : : H M : 2 0 • 0 0 H |s|| rf • 0\ 0 ■ • . in H : M H . (N ?J l^ll • • • -^ 10 . . VO • M ly^ ■ CO ■ a 0 • • ■ t^ M . M H '.^ VO . . lii "^ : : : : o> S; :°° 00 -^O VO -00 00 lii . 0 : :% % -.-^ ?! :% 00 loll t^ -00 ^ . . i^li : :'^ li t5 : -S : : (5 ^ 0 c c C i' 1 00 10 1 1 s 0 1 t c 1 1 1 1 1 c - C -^ c c J J tn H 402 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION VO ON E Ov Ov fO t^ Tf vo lo Ov O t Ov OQVO •ji »o lO ^ lO H »o Total Elem. School Teach- ers '■ N "^ i'S c» " O 2 !& O H lO H W ^ "S N OOO ^ :v^ N • H vS > < PS u g > 3 u Pi ? a u i Q u i s u 2 H z M iJ w PS n S D A o loll lit Wl ■ lil i^li lii : . : i°|i i°ii . CO |s|i : : : H i^ OC^ • f- t^ . Tj- W o J3o • o O • • H • . : : : a .00 ^ -^ R :S s o So CO ■ .. . . : ^^ ^ :% % "^ g^ -.^ s l^ll . CO ^ :^ 1^ H N o> 00 CO • ^ 00 • CO ^ -? ^ :^ ^ -s, ^ :2 O m •MD ^ -.^ N . in CO •O • CO • O fO • >o O • H lO H Tt H lO ^ "=S Ov . CO CO H lii • O o ■ t fO ■ ci •c fx, < v^ fi< P fa 5 o 1 1 1 fa H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 403 H l_l ^ f^ r~ 0 H Ov • ■* ^ • 00 00 ■ r^ •^ 10 • ■^cn sgl-Sss Tf 00 t-- H 00 . M M ^iW 0 a .§.5^ A 0 §J^ 1 M 0 a H § 8 158 . >• js-g;:.' < < 8 538 Ui "o'flf > K 8 SS • • • • U kH 8 S8 • • • 0 H <= fl W Z > I.M : " cs ; '^ " kl 0 &u^8 < -"§i s^-ss, ; ; •00 00 S £ : : ■VO ■0 0 ^°l^ 0 8u|s, ■ VO VO 2^°!^^ z i I^li • • : : ■ fO fO ' ' h . H H ■ r^ r^ tn 8 --d ^ • • M N ^-«^ u u ki ■ 0 ^o • 0 0 CO t^ 0 •00 00 < S.^-^ 8 H u • 00 00 H 0 r^ . • c^ cs rO (S 10 • ■* '^ 8 t'U to H • ■* ■^ X r^ I. • 10 u~, 10 . > S>.,^8 • ir, to 1-1 • • < ^^ ■ 0 0 •00 00 11 -0 f^ ■ ■0 -0 ■ 0 0 |SP s .K ■ lO >o • fO fO •VO VO • r^ t^ M TJ- to w ^S?° • • r^ f^ • 0 0 s iil • ^ " • ■* ■* 0 • " " • fO S 3 0 • ro ro 0, ■ »o to ■00 00 . H n . _| M iz; ««. 3*«. • fO fO s • " " c I, ■ 10 to . • trj to ■ t^ t^ • ro PO (T ^- Ph ^^ H ^ Pi^ H ^ ^ H ^ Ui H ^ U, H ^ U< H ^^ H . a ( rt S 4 tr Ph t^ ^ > 0 § ' 1 >. c ^ ^ z 1 P.' W n X U ■^ i ^0 1 w ^ CO ^ ' ^ f - OC c ^ 404 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION o ■<*• 1" : S 88; 8 ;s to f-vO 1^ g. R • ■* Total Elem. School Teach- ers fO fO • lo S, "J lO • fO vo -00 i [^ S 1 < < u u ■J t I K Pu, O 2 5 D u z » III E u < u i W s W [I, o K U CQ s D 15 *i o ; ; : : ; : : : : : : : : : • ■ : : : l»ll Ml M 0 C H lil l^il s»ll iil :: l^ll |o|l M • • lil M 0> O • • ro w lO . . til •00 00 ■ -"J- Tf . . H lO CO • • lit :S 8 :S M ■ " -.^ P> ;S O • 0 O • • i»ii t^ .00 00 ■ o o : i;^ lO -^ ^ :S S : : lil .VO - :S- oc to ■ 1 1 oc to ,c c < oc to 1 to > to J to H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 405 III it 1^ • 10 • «o S :° 0 • ?( m • in a ~,l ^ ■* 0 vO vO •<<■ M •* Total Elem. School Teach- ers "2 0 • JO lO • M 0 t~. ■ 0 8 "§8 00 ;00 00 "^ fO M fo 1 > < ■J < > < > B i K Oh i Q 3 u z td X u 1 1 OS g S i^i |s|| |i|| *■ • : : *0 3M* : : ; lil • • • • ■ ■ t4i i»|i |s|i . lii ; Ivo ^ : : ■ • . . lii •00 . CO 00 • lis •00 00 • t^ M . M H • M 2 :^ vO -00 M . M 00 H lii • « ■* . m 10 . fO 1 PO -00 00 • Ov °^ :S •^ i»ii • ■t ^ § : : ro M 10 M M 0 fl MO ; ; CO r^ . CO ro ■<} 0 • N H V . 'S- -o 0 to p • Ov .| :: ■ CO CO a :2 1 c 1 ta i 1 c H c i - i 1 s pi i 1- < ■z 1 ■ 1 c 1 ^ ^ c (i. pS 1 fe h 4o6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION • O 0 t^ t^ •^ fO •N 00 'n% ■^ •* • "f ■* . ^ ■* ■^ >n »o lo M « « rt ^>,W I.|8 K < < loll '• '■ «: ; < §.«§ M < §.^§ M » a H 2 g H loll 's. ?..r^ : : : •J -^gi . u §f^-SS; g v» g^ f^ O 41 O z r^u Q o 53o J U z i lit Cfl 8.|S> td *^ 3*^ u k • M < g,u^8 • H HI H ** §-» ■ HI HI • ■ o> o> M 8 ^S-g^ X r^ I. • Ov o. • t~- t^ ^ MM fO > JfiS-s-^ HI • 1^ ? **►*«& ■ H HI • o o . H H • o >0 rooo HI U 8u^g> "' ■ "^ " H r^ S ,:2°gjg &>u|8 • fO fo ■ Tf 'T H H VO 1^ w (U .VO ^ 1 • CO CO • '-' HI « « O ^°gJS _>. ^ -s ^ •O VO • N C4 c r c • ■* •<1- c • W5 ro • ir, \r, . o, o> o: O 4J O u s ^°^^' o 1 rt ^ 1 J. • o vO • t^ t- a a 0 c • •'I- ■* ^ S«|l 2i fc d -rt -rt Cj n J, • lO >o •00 00 •^ T t: -c ■ ro ro • ■ p £ ^ ^ ^ ;§ (n E- ;^ U4 H :^ (£4 H % fl^ H ^ fa H ;? fa H 1 rt ^ 1 < fa 0 C • i i & «. a ;r3 •f o ^ W 3 < j' (5 •-i > J " 1 1 1 i ?: % o c c ^ C ■ c ? 1 ) ? 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 407 1 a a li •* 0 10 0 • 0 • »0 0 • -^ •f € >0 =5. Total Elem. School Teach- ers oog 1 :S to Ov 8 :3 - ;j Tt . J^ 2 i < as <; M < U z > 2 1 K W s >< K s 0 » M n S D i^r l^li Ml I'll loll Isll A. svt. HI |s|i i^ii i^ll : : : lit lit ^0 g^ : ; ^ Ov • • : : M M lit ^ a "^ : : .VO 0 ■ CO CO • N .vO \0 • '■ : : 0 0 «^la : : ^ ^ :^ lii • ■* ? :^ trt -00 00 .. ^ :S S :^ ^ :2 0 ■ H l^ll |o|l ^ :? 0 • >o 0 CO • • 1 ■■ • 0 ^ ■.'^ CO •^ ^ :? CO • w PJ • H M .2 : : • c« 00 • cs • fO CO • • : ; ■* It • • ; 0 ■ • . M . CO ^ :- CO Is, 5- CO T I^ . . . -0 • • ■ 1 ■■ 10 • CO CO >< 6 c c c i: ;iK pS I s M Uh c t c 1 fct, J C 4, 1 J^ ^ : Ov Ov »o 0 O O fO H O f( i/l OvOO fO 00 00 •<: fO *-• o ro V m Total Elem, School Teach- ers '■ -t M M 2 :5 Ov • o % "J VO H VO N H M H \ < <; < i > u u M P< ? Q en K U U H s O K U ca S D 1^1 • lil loll V4. 3««. M! : : : . ^ 3«^ . s ^ lil 1 i^ii H O 5- ; : |s|l O i l°ll • ■* ! . . • ro fO • • l»ll • • W N ■ • .!2 tr> l^ll •00 00 M W rr, • ■ : : : :2 2 : : • HVO 1 .a 1 i^ll ^ ">?! N • • S :^ fO • • • t^ f^ lit • rO % - : N • • : :S O • A N • H H ^ l°ll • ^ N - N N to • fO • ■ • ■* Tt . . M •* lO • l^ l^ll •^ N • r- 00 a r~ • • •00 00 • • • O . t-l ^ ^? 00 • • . lO lO . . : ::,: . o ts l^ll ' i • M f) H -00 00 • • 5^ • • - -^ fO • • : :'^ VO . ■ 1 6 PQ H i J 1 1 c 1 ■ 1 ■J 4 1 4 i^ (i, 1 fe H •* 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 409 00 •* M 0> »0 . Tj- 1; :^ 0 u z Q 3 K U E H 1 < Z s Id s A 0 ; : ; Ml Ml : :: Wl ' : :: Ml ■ ■ : : :| : : :1 : : : 1 1 I.I! w* 3**> 1 : : :| : : : 1 lii : : :| : : : 1 i^li l»|i 1 : : : : : : lii : : : : :°° 00 • • lit : :R 0 • • ; ;^ H . . lit • '^ ■q- . . wo w • ■* •^ lit . en ■ ro • • : "^ t^ . . . .10 c^ |s|l -S ^ : : . ro fO -00 00 ■ 0 M • H 2^ :S S - CO • 0 0 M i^li " ^ VO ■ ■ 1 ■ " *^ 1 00 • w M . CO S5 :^|^ :;:? 1 >o • xr 2- i^ll . M . . ., . .00 1 0 ;00 00 •« ^ :^ ^ :^ VO HOO H I'll : "^ CN . . : ; 2 2 ; : 1 • • ■ t^ 11 . CO fO • • ; ;« 1 <5 • ■ 1 I '■ to :^ :^ vO 6 I 1 1- i to e 1 tM 1 fcM 0. M 0 0 'a J -< H <; > 1 . M i^ 1 > h 410 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION lis O O • P) % % :j tn ' 1 M ^ 1 1 ill 2 • '^ CO • H M . fO rO • M S. :S S :§ >0 • Ov M S :% % > < OS <: > < > < CL, K PL. O g Q D U z z K a X u H u s D i^i ■ ■ ■ . loll «A 3«» : : : . Ml * . . Isll «A 3W» . : : : Isll . lii . til . lit l°|i . : :: - : :| : 1 l^ll . VO . . lo lo • • - : :| : 1 l»|l • ■ • r- M . Ox S; : : ; ; O 2 :^ ^ -.^ M . M c lii • rr, 5^ ;? S' : : : : : • '-' - - S :? H ■ M I-' • fO ro • w : o 8 :S ^ :^ M • M \o au|8 •^ t^ • • t^ ■ • ■ CO ^ :S o • o> 1 a 1 ■ lO lO . . . .„ ,o . . . . ro H p. 4. ti4 1—1 .a PLh 5 c 1 c C % M ■5 1 « P4 E 1 < c H (Xh *l pi &L, H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 411 \ %% ^ § 51 <§ -.1 J- Total Elem. School Teach- ers 1 "eg ■ u Pi In ■-) < i 1 i X i H >" < Z w s s 03 s 1^1 «4 3«^ Ml hii Isll : : : ; : : . . . . HI Hi : :: lii ■ 00 00 lis : : ^ ^ : : i«|i : :^ % : : : ::| : ::] : :S 1 1 CO • ■ l»ll : : : : l»ll • fO r/j . . : : :| : : : 1 ; ; 0 0 • H a. Is • vO \0 - • : : :| : : : 1 • r^ t^ : 2 0 |s|l :g 00 • • 00 • • r- • Ti- ^ :p> fO • • : :a ^ :2 " l^ll : "8 S ■■'^ CO M rr 10 • 0 M Ov • • : :% ^ ::; ^ l^ll M 0> a ■■'Q fO • 0 0 ■ 1^ t^ • • ■ to ^ :^ 0 Ml *^ 3*^ : : H M • H so WW f, . H M . . 5« ; ;00 00 -O ^ :^ « :- 0 < .J < en > < > < > >j I Ph o 2 0 u s u < -I u s III >-) b. o » u 03 s D lit loll Ml 1 8 88 Id! lil M • • l^ll a*|l ' " til lit ; : lii : :"° vO . . til : '. H M . . lit • -' M ft • o. "cS o. P 1 '■ • 1 • • Ah . CO CO • - ■ >o Ah lO 6 > c "< CM Pm c 1 tM c s H d •c 1 M i 1 2 tis 3 > 1 > 1 Ut H cti'C 13 ft 1^ c'-o S^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 413 Average Yearly Salary^ S5 1 % -l ° :-! -: si 5 II 0 w i i Total Elem. School Teach- ers 10 '^ s '^^ 00 [x, 00 • t^ f^ -00 00 VO VO " t^ V? : J 2 0 > > < 0 z > K Z 5 u K S H .J u >. z s u •J H M U 1^1 . Ms ; ; ; 1^11 . 8 5;8 4A 3«% ; : : ■Mi . . . Ml : :: tM lii l^li t4i . ' : :: . H ' . <3 VO . . til t^ . . l»|i : ° 0 w 10 MD • • W H ' l«|i « 0 H : ; • Tl- Tj- • 0^ Ov -^o VO ■ . ^ lii • CO fO H r- M ■ IT) ■* • 00 M H ■ • M ^ :^ ^ "£!> 10 . M <0 • Ov M Isll MVO r^ • r^ • ■^ ? :^ w -00 00 |5|l H ^ M • fO 0> • ro ro • 10 10 . t^ t^ . . "0 ^ ' ■ Ov 0, • M W • M H . . : '^ o> . . 6 1 fcM ^ •5 1- i c 1 \M 1 M i B < 6 1 t< > VC fe H 414 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION fo 1% \0 • CO 00 -vO CO • CO CO • CO • CN • CO CO ■ ■<*• ^ ^ :8. ► o- Total Elem. School Teach- ers t w o • ^ t- -00 00 -^ ^ ■■& oS :% 00 • CO ■ < < > S u u z i u K u ^ 1 > t z S O U ca D M Mi : ::| : :: 1 : :: . Ml . : :: l^ll ; : : l.ll lil Hi o So . . . : : : l°ll : :;| : :: 1 • • . H • . CO " -r - til • o> Ov . . : : : lit "'■ 1^ . M H -00 OC • ■ HI H (O rf . ■'J- . CO CO • • • • 1 • -00 1 ^ Hi • o> o • o O • l'^ lO . XTi : : ^ ■* HI " f^; ro • O Oi ■ CO CO • t^ J. .o . ,, H . H Y^ :Z CO Hk ■ " : :°° °° :;^ M • CO CO • 0> 1 :l 0\ • f^ 5 ?? 1 • Ov 0 ^ ;^ Total Elcm. School Teach- ers • 00 % :^ M '-^ ^ -.^ t- NO 5 :S 5; :^ 0 ^ > < < < > PS < 0 Q D K U K S H 8 ae > < s 0 01 S D M hil : ; : HI Wl ; ; ; : : ; lit lii • • i^li '. '. '. lit : ; : . ro CO • w S^ll lit - : : : :S, a •: ^ p : : 1 lii . 10 ■ .VO ■O • 0 . • ■ Tj- t .00 00 • « H lii • t ^ -."Q Tt '. '. '■ ro fO " '^ ^ :^ 0 ■\C H 4j -CO lil : M fo • "^ . O. 0 ■ (N (N • Ov 1 lii :S M H M . • • ^ 10 0 5- • ■* Tj- .0 ^ : : • t^ t^ -73 • . 1 ■■ r: 0 M : - en cf H i i 1 1 1^ J. oc •1 c 1- ^ > c c 1 oc i^ H 4i6 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION is-: ■^ s . 5 :$ ^ :% ^ •- o % 00 fO o o r- ? fO Total Elem. School Teach- ers • t^ t^ ■ r^ JC :5 ? :S o> ^vo vO "^ r- t-^ -00 w > < < >• -1 PS < >• < 1 u M ? u z (g H 3 u z u X u H z s u .J W as S D i^i Hi «4 3<^ . lil !il : : : lil HI m bU : : :| : : : 1 lit • • ■ lii '. '. m ^ • ■ • r^ t~- . . lii ■ -t Tf . . H Ov O • • til • 00 00 ■ • . CN o ■ ■ iii ; ; • Tj- It . M H HS TJ- ^ : " lit « .00 00 • rO CO . o> H ' ■ ISP • t^ >0 • H M . • H .VO VO • ■ . H r^ • ro .VO O . fo ro • • . M H . . 8..IS, ^°«^ : :% % : : • " H . . • " m . (N " l^ll . li^ M • • ; :°° ^^ ::;. ^ 5« N -00 H i 6 1 M K OC 2 1 I 1 6 S 1 o f 1 c •E OC OC H til ) 1 eg M fa H I COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 417 £ >- rt 5^ fO 0 ^ ^ 0 1 •* • 0 0. Ov 0 • Tt Total Elem. School Teach- ers 10 . Tf a " w- ^ ii:^ 10 • m VO i > < < < 0 g > u u M Pi I u 5 ►J u z i w X u < w H .J u > z s w >-) W (I. 0 Pi g s D 1^1 : : ;l ; : : 1 / !sil til loll ■ ■ ail lit : : : lii ■ • ■ ■ ■ ■ l-Si 1 lit lit m t4i ■ to CO i°|i : : : cs . ro rO • H M H Tt- '■ '. ro fO l,s|| : S S :^ ^ :^ Tj- . . : : w w |S|| • H r- ■ 0 0 • ^ ^ ■ 0 in ■ M 0 • • : ^ (N • Ov Ov ^ ■ 1 p: 1 fa i H :^fa < H 4i8 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION lis 00 lo 1' N lO ro S 8^ CO 1-- lO CO s o % CO ro 0000 ^ vo lO VO OOO >o 00 t* o> Total Elem, School Teach- ers vO ^ • ; lo N CO ■* lO CO CO vn i;s :^ S :S s ^s O " 00 S > < < > < u tl) C4 <-> < o Ph 1 1 (A Pi « X < u s u -) w b o PS td n S D *% o : : :| : : : : :: 1^11 : : : : :: lil : :: Ml bil • ■ • • loll ::::::::: loll : : : |°|l . l^ll : : : l^ll ~ lit : : : '. • t> r-^ |s|| M l°ll : : : . \r, lO • • «*k 3*** M H : : ^ • • : : "^ Ov • • HOO Ov • N '• o S : " M • • : -<^ Ov • • CO • • lii ■ ■* ■^ • lO lo . . . .00 °° :^ N • l°|l • o N '• '■ ; ; O O • CO CO • •* M . CO S "°° Ov • • l^ll ■ r^ *" : H ir> . M ^ :^ O -00 00 -O o • • : : : l^ll M • CO CO cs ■ lO • 0^ Ov • • Is, 5- . ro M : " M ;- >o -^ M : : > 6 IS < (^ c 1 § fe ■ i 1 8 1- 1 ;^ H 15 4, ) 1 c 1 fa I fa h COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 419 • fo fO • a o> . M ^^ • fo ro Tvn 00 . vn vO 111 « 4) rt •^^ CO ■t .^ t^ • ■* •* ■^^ • ro rO 10 ■ o> 0 vO o> • ■^ Tt- Total Elem Schoo Teach ers >0 lo • t^ r~ • t- t^ 10 -VO ^ .§.55 1 A 0 Isl! k ** 3Wk 8 58 < < 8 538 Ui !?0c 3 > «» 3«« 8 S8 N >;t3 fO w > < i > loll «A 3*1* 8 i38 u 5 Si:- u « S.v.|§ 2 ^°1i n lil l^ll g 8^|s, ^°|a z, z lii ' • 10 1/1 t/l Su^S. • >o 10 u w* §** s u i. . H H • CO CO < g,v.^8 • •-< H H • ro CO ■ g ^f;?^ X «« g** rX . „ „ > ^o|i S • m U-) s 8».-SS> • ^ XI • t- t^ • <^ J^ ■ CO CO 00 000 • v/1 10 ;? S,..^8 • fO fO " rt d cd 15 IS 13 I, • (N c^ • t^ r^ ■o K 000 S- ^ :z ^ ^ !^ H ^^ H (il H H ^ Ph H C S fe H 1 m 1 s g P4 > > J C ■J l-l tT 0 CIS 1 "9 t^ 00 d o' ^ ^ • H « M cs c< « c« M 420 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION % CO Tf ^ ? : 00 OC 1 00 ^ •* 1 Total Elem. School Teach- ers • "t •^ • S) S) ^vS vS °°a % -.^ ^ :S § ;^ % < OS s u w (ii < CL. U 0 z i V z K U K u < w H 8 X u > ^ Z M S u hJ W b O K U CO D 'A H : : :| : 1 Hi : : :| : 1 loll • • M! • • : ; : lil ::::;: lil HI : :: : : : Hi ; :: : ; : Hi :"* TJ- . . . HI • fO ro • ■ • HI ^ • • . M t-l • • : : : *** 3 . - H 1^ ■ H H ■ CO CO -VO O • H lii • M s ;8 M M o3 H lii • 00 00 -to CO vO O % -.^ S :a ^ i»|i . Tj- H • H M • • • O (N • ■ ; ° : : li :: : :^ • H n M 1 1 ^ til > « liH 'I c i C (il c e iM H C > c ^ T C > ; 1 < 1 c Uh H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 421 :v8 i ■:% 00 00 r^ ^ 5 r? ■ s; 1 < BS « •< i > < 0. 0 z 1 0 y. 5 ij u t (« K III 5 X > < M S u m i l.l m Ml : : : loll |.|| : : : Isll : ;. lil . : : : : : : m . . i I '. lil . . . i^li 8s-SS> • ■ S^ll ■ CO CO • • lit ; -.S v§ : : • • N ^ : : l^ll ■ •* ^ • (N CS ■ 1^ • • M lil • t Tj- . t^ t- .VO VO • o Ov M ro 2" ; H Ov • N 1-1 P4 • to M HI • N M -00 00 • o 10 • 0 0 lil • ■<» ■^ ■ ■ . ro to • t ■* • • 5- r- • TT Tj- . . t 6 z i pq 1 N CI H S I i 1 1 (i. I? c •1 1 c c Ph 1 < 1 > m c C fi. h 422 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ?> : ^ iS % 1 ;| o 2 Sl-^ «, IT) . 1^ f: :^ "^ :S S :=^ % ivS vS :^ % I o < > .-1 <; > < i Ph O Z 5 >J U z 1 U X u < u H ,j 1 Z S It] w ° a: u D 1^1 : : : lii : : : loll : : : Ml I.ll : ;: loll 1 8 S§ lit |s|l i^ll ■ lit : : : : : : HI HI : : : • rO fO • • • •^ • |o|| 5 00 • • • o O ■ O % -.^ CO • ■* :"£ <5 |2 l^ll O ;<3 "(5 o . . . ro ro • • • O o ■ •* -4 o ll ■^3 • « 1 N • • O U c 1 til 1 f \^ 1 1 4 i § e 1 in o i c 0 1 i 1 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 423 i •- < > M U M P5 2 U 2 g w K td 1 0 oa S D M Ml lit loll |o|| Ml |o|h- lii • • til i-:s lit • • . vO ■ ■ NO H 10 NO • Tf l^ll H 00 ■ t^ t^ • ■ .0 M : 0 0 • a 3 '3 00 ■ • •00 00 • •* t -00 00 • • •00 00 0 0 -On 13 rt On • • ll ;00 00 • • ■ 0 g : : • «o T3 -a ■ »^ 1 ;! a 1 E C Pi. > c ■ p. c 1 ^ r c fa • 6 0 c ^ 1 ' i r T fa c c fa _ H 424 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION III •00 00 • •* • ri- \l in i ITi lO •* • • OS < < r. > 05 < III >< < > u u « < c o '^. c t K X i^ i X •< s s V. b: ca S s 1^1 . loll 111 1 • •■ . scl! fee. SWi ■ ■ l°|l l^ll . . • O o • • lit . ■ O o • • M . • i^li .-o so . ^ ? :% % ii£ ' " -OC 00 ■ - ^ lii : ::| : 1 . CO ■ CO • " n ; ; lit • 2 ei • ■ : : : \ri . 0 »0 • rj- rt . . • N . -M -00 00 -00 00 MM 1 . M c3 • o 2 : : 1 CO w m ^ fl : : 5 I'll • r^ ; O • ^ CO w CO ci3 Is, 5- • f- . 73 • >o CO . N S - : : i c a. 1 0 fe 1 o p fe > 6 C4 s 1 S u I 1 1/ CI fe fe 1 ;^ u 'c! fe 1 fe h COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 425 ^ •* . 10 00 ;^ "2 . 10 10 ;l 1 • ^ 33 1 Total Elcm. School Teach- ers N N 5; :R R :£J. £!> :^ ^ :^ ?? :^ ^ '-]^ r^ i > < > .J < M >- u i 1 K U X % u H 8 S >< < s u w 0 K td ca S !^l Mi lil I'll I'll . ail l»|l til lit : :?> ?, : : : : ^ Ov ■ ■ i^li ; ; 0 0 ■ • S" : : :■.%%: : |s|| • N N . . 2 : : |o|l : : : : ; : Hi M TJ- VO . • • M N • • : :2 2 : : lii :2 2 : : • •* t • in li^ • W M • • lii •^ w : : ; ;CO 00 • • H • • : i'^ 0 • 0 8 - : N • - Tf fO lii •00 00 • • ; ;^ 0 • • ; ; 0 0 -O H . M VO " i^li • ■^ ? : : ; ;00 00 ■ • . .VO 0 • a Ov '-^ fi : : ; • t "* 1 i. PC OC ^ I i E < S fe 4 1 P P4 M VO fe c > E P- .2 P4 «. t c fl. til 1 t tu, h 426 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ■l M CO CO o 2. in N . vo lO • CO NO O CO »o i 1 ; ^ lO 2 bI% ^ i-S. % :5 lO • CO CO • W C) 00 M • CO 00 • »o CO lO < < > B D .J U u X u H 1 < H Z M S u >J W K U ea S 1^1 ; : ; Ml l»ll 8 £8 ■ • ■ li! . . . lii ^^ lii ^^ . lis : : : ■ • Sii lii ■ H w . . til . CO CO • • i^li • M Hi N . . M t^ 00 ■ • |s|| • N N ■ Ov Ov . . - M- TT ■ • : : !$ lO i^li . N (N -00 00 • • : :^ ? :2 M . . • • o O • to to :« 't • ^ rO • W-) m ■ ■ N - (O CO • o, o. l^li :8 O • w H -00 00 ■ M H • N CM ■ • • ■ t^ P M ■ - • H M • • ■00 00 • rl- H Tl- .O vo 6 i t (n p. t: 1- p: tM > J. p OC fe I ft, c J 1 M c 1 ■ > fXH H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 427 2 JSJS « S « 00 M :S ^ l\ 10 8? 10 • CO 10 \n\n ^ v§2 1 Total Elem, School Teach- ers ^00 00 • ^ t^ " ^ ^ "g R :^ ^ -% ? --^ CO 1 >• K ■J u i Q 3 u % u X u I (J w % M s u OS g S D 1^1 : : : lit 1^11 Wl . . . lii • ■* Tt . . i^li ■ HI : : : lit '. '. '. M 11 r^ 00 ■ ■ lii • •* -t . r- t~~ ■ ■ lii . .. : :2 0 -00 M • Tf % : : i»|i ■ N w • ■ • t^ r- • • i.|i • • s ?! ; : M " • ■ lit M ■ M • CO CO -00 00 • Tj- Tt • ■ 1=11 • N cs • 0 0 ■ r^ M • M ?r :^ VO . . • • ^ ■t • • . CO CO ■ • ; " :^ N . Ov 0. m CO Tf « .a : : :5 : § : : . . . CO CO • 0 8 lii N CO i^ 0 " 1 : 1 :: • TT ? -s, M Pi^O 1 :S ro • CO ^ :^ f^ u u H Pi 'J i K i 5 D .-) U z z K U X u < u H u s u ■J w b. O s D 1^1 : :: : :: • ■ til ; : ; . . Ml : ; : : : ; lil lil ; '. '. i^li lii : : : lit ; '. '. mu-n o : " : t'U i»|i : : : . lii • • lii ■ ■* Tj- . . • i^li •VO VO • • • • PI P. . P) • Tf ■^ . M H . • Pi . • i»|i MVO 1^ • a CN • ^ '-' M . . . CO CO • H lii -o M • • M PJ • t^ t^ . H 1 . M H t^ • • . fO fO • • : :" CO . CO CO -O . H " Q 00 1 fe t 6 g 1 1 < 1 Eb 1 00 i 1 < e < c (^ 6 M ■» COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 429 (U •* t \r, Ul H H • •* ■* a 0. w M ■t -* •^ •* ■* t • fO ro • ■0 ■ ■* ■* • 't -^ • M- ■* ^>^ — > • •vO 0 r- r- -00 00 ■ 0 0 • f^ CO • o> o> ■ ^ to 2 6 §-5 ,. • ■<}• •t • fO CO ■ Tt- ■- 8 SB 0 M 0 a H > 8 SB u Pi S,^|§ < ^0 fl H . . 0 DO u 8,S-gS? 2 «« g«ft l^ll Q 0 So • ■ ^ t, 1 ^°|^ I, MD U5 8..^S, W» g<« ^, ■00 00 . H IM < ftv-^B 8 «** gw • r- I^ vSS-g^ X ««. g«» r>^ 01 M • • • -t ^ ■ o> o> . M M l°il > K < . 1 . ■ H M • r^ t~- •00 00 S 1 uo VO .VO VO • m >o • 0 0 . M M w Sivj-o 8 • " '^ a. lb 0 a°g4S rC ^ t-~ 10 c s D lil 0) 0 r. 0 • '^ ^ ■ 0 o> • ^ ^ c p< lii « 1- • 00 00 • • c :2 ■■s P-i s U^ H S f^ H g P^H H ^^ H ^ tm H % PIH H Mh H P t-i :^ ;^ i t c . •i 0 >5 M ■^ % S b 3 X 1 1 CO W 2 < > •c 1 H ■«t VO vd 1^ or d o> f Ov o> » C4 c 4 e 4 f ^ ^ 430 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION III o fo § • •* •* -00 •* . to to • CO « •00 • r~ • CO 00 to ■ f to : = I • \o Total Elem. School Teach- ers HVO ■* • N J? :^ CO • to to • to ^ :^ ^ :^ ^ • lO 5) i o < .-1 < in >< > < i > u u tlil < U 5 Ph 1 V) u a: u < u i u i 1^1 loll • • Ml lil . . i»|i • • l°|l • • |s|| . . l"ll : : : |s|| : : : i^ll '. ' l^ll '. '. . . H ■ •* ^ |s|| • M • o Ov •VO H • « ^ lii •>o ^ :J? - :- to • ■ u 1 i Q 3 X u H ,j u Z M S H >J g s 1^1 : ::j : ;: . Ul Ml Ml 1^11 • • • ■ lil U\ . . i^ll • ■ 1=11 i»ii : ; ; 1^1 : : : ; ; : : : : . . lii i»|i : : :| : : : I i»|i . fo ^ .so ^ . . '. '. lii lii :^ CO • • : : : : :^|^ : : 1 ■ • • i^li .VO 0 ■ • • -* TT • fO - :^ % - 0. ■ ro CO • • lii • •* rj- . . ■ 0 • H 0 • fO H ■ 0 S :J^ f^ • 1-1 " i^li • ro fO • ■ . fO fO • N • M ■* ■ N S : " " P • r~ t^ • • • -f Tj- . . : :°° 00 • • • N ^ 0 c t C I 1 1 CiH 1 «. c I > t I ^ c S I 5 IS > p: li^ 5 > > 1 f tM i IS .1 c H [H 5 C c T (IH P^ T fe h 432 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 1 ^ f ;l 1 ;l 1 ■ i eg % 00 s s Total Elem. School Teach- ers :? ? :? Ov ■ to ^ :% 00 ■ vO CO ■ -^ ^ :j;^ ^ i o > < < in > K < < I U p^ < s 2 Ph o z 5 D ►J U OS u X u H 1 w s tl] 05 U CQ s D 25 ^°5 li! Ml : : : ^ 3«% HI • • lit : : : m Hi : : : . . Hi . . i^li . . i^li . . lil 8 sis, l»|l ; : 2 2 : : o 8o • •* t |S|| . vO \0 • vO . H \o ■ • - H H . M lit • fo fO • H w ■ t^ I^ ■ H H fo • o O • rO CO H lii Ov • (N H : H 00 ■ o o ro • • •T3 -o ■ 1 1 ■■ • VO • 0 0 OC t^ •* • ■* ■^ _ , H M H a 0 • 00 00 ^ o> ro • ro to • a a Total Elem Schoo Teach ers rO •^ l.s 4i O §.^l 1 H ° a M I 8 S8 ^ iis's:? < < 8 S8 tfl SS-gj i ♦ft 3«** §^ll : : : H „- 0 c „- >< -< 2.^8 • . § «0 Om > 8 i58 H ss-g:- Pi S,.-|8 2 < ^°li 8^|S. i ^«|& z »°p Q 3 .J u |o|l • ►S 1 ^°1» ■ . H «. ««» a I, H ■ M < l-p H ■ M • to ro • • li* • u t/3 H t-. 00 ■ ro ro > Igor's g •00 00 • VO VO • VO VO • H U Sio'SiS s 1 4S°c%S ■VO -o ■ 0 0 • t^ r^ N VO CO • 0 0 • Ov Ov M S.v.^8 H iJ O «ft 3*0 -S - vO • 10 10 M Ov 0 •00 00 M 0 M m S I'll N .S 0 1 s lil • M P) • 10 W-) • 0\ Ov 0 ft iz; . ^ a a . ■ 00 00 'O T 5- ^ (U S u^ H ^ tn H gh H ^ L^ H ei! ti. H ^ Ul, H s px, H 1 e p. J. 1 1 D i E 1 t c 1 s ^ -^ c t W U < fe w cr ^ J? ^ «{? dv 6 •> d 1 K ] ■3 0 to 0 «< 0 0 1 f ■i 434 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION IT) i % ^ 1 • fO fo ;i % %^ Total Elem. School Teach- ers 1 - ^ : J "^ fO 00 fO > < OS < < z > ? I-I I K 0 Q D .J U Z '& td I U 1 t z til s u § u ca 44 o «4 3^ ■ • loll 4A 3«A l^ll I»ll «<« 3W» l.ll «» 3W* lil lii til lit HI m . iil : lit - fO M : : lit •o M : : . fO fo lii ■ H i? :8 o • • . M M . rl- t • • lii : H N • fO « ■ • ■ 2 1 o • • M ■ . lii • .2 • '^ • '-' " .s .s • • i»|i : :^ vO • • . O • H H • r^ 1^ O O M t^ 00 • XJ • o ■ 1 ■" vr> 73 -o < > t C (H pi . 1 i i fe 'i c c E 1- r s > i^ H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 435 ^^^ H^ >>.^ M fO 00 to g :5 :° a H 5- ^ ^ o to o to Total Elem. School Teach, ers 00 vO ^ :^ ^ :§ lO • to lo .'O to • lO ^ i o > < > < 0 > u w Pi ? Ph 0 2 1 K U a 'i u H i 1 s S O n S D 12; !^l ; ; ; 1,11 loll bll loll lil lil lii : : : i^li . to ^ : : 1 : : : 1 lii i-:i . to to • • : ; : til . Ov o> • • : ; : til .VO O . M ^ • ~^ •. • t- r^ • tt Tf •^ a CO •<5 O • c^ p) • o >o . w H ■3 e8-S„ ■ lO lo • to fO CO ■* ■ CO CO ■ C) N ^mr- ,§.s 1 A o 8 t;§ & **» 3** 8 S8 > :is-g:? K < < ** ^''^ 8 S8 • • in So-gJ OS < «A. 3** §.^§ ■ ■ H H Ofi M >- <; M 0 a M 2 > , 8 £8 ■ • . u Pi °-s-§:- Pn.^8 '^ ^"gi lil ■ 2 • • U z SSp Q o So • • . u £^°l& Z 1^1 U5 8^.SS> U u < S.v.^8 ;a°l^ H h, • M o • • . 8 lit X r^ I. • lO . >; ^S|^ ^ c>< - H H s 8^^S> b) • 0 o lO • t^ t^ w O -i -S M 5 H CO •^ • ■* TJ- lO H ca S t3 sii .. "^ *3 5 J, c • t^ r^ ■ 't .^ • Tf ■t o • « M ■ i-i M :z; ^^P ci rt K d T . CO CO • lO lO • CO CO • cs M TJ • O o • o o 5- ;z "A ^ til H ^ fe H S \=^ H pi H ^ i^ H H c/5 H c 1 EI -a" .2 w c c 17 1 1 t C/3 ^ fO •4 »A ^6 ^ or 6> o r< 1 « ■> " 1 ^ 0 ^ COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 437 0 •t 000 CO • >o 5 Total Elem. School Teach- ers • t^ r^ • to CO • 'f CO • r- fO • IH r^ i 0 X < < 0 z > In i u z S. i Q 3 >-] U z z K U a u < III H I u >" z s 0 fiS u ca S D i^i . . 1 . : : : 1 : : : 1 Ml Ml l^ll «A 3*«> • ■ lil : :| : : : 1 : : : W% 3V» : -; lil lii lii lis :" 0 • ■ : : : HI • CD CO • • ■ 00 00 • ■ i»|l - 1^ • • : -^ lA • • til ■00 00 . . lit • r^ lit : :" lii . CO CO i^ii . CO CO • Ov '1 " : :8 8 :^ 3 ct! lii ; 0 2 § :S " .a '■ '■ • 0^ 2 lii 'c3 CO 0 • • 13 . CO CO • • : ° cd - 1 ^' 2 13 "0 • -a 1 1 i 1 fe ) 1 1 c CI 1/ IS 1 1 i H : u « ■a > i 435 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION to to . to O • to fO • ■<}• lO • to to i i ■:% 1 :l VO O to \0 tr> 1^ Total Elem. School Teach- ers :^ fO -00 «■ • t ■* • ■»!• ^ :^ ^ :% % "^ <5. > < •J < g > u '^ K i Q 3 u z H a u < t z K u m S D !^l lii : : : 8 S8 lie's :? Ml . : : : : : . W» 3*«». " . |,|| . |.|| 1^11 iil • • l^ll Ink Hi :: : : : m lil M CO ■ M . 0 tr> ■ CO ^ :% O ■ lo ■* • i-i " i o s OS < < O S u Pi < A. o 2 1 < U H >> K I M S b O s D 1^1 lit ; : : HI Ml • ■ ; : : Isfl : : : 8 S8 ; ; , . '. '. '. «4 3«A : : : O S8 m ■ ■ i»|l i^li l^li : : : : ; : lii HI lit . to to • . ■ t>. r- • • • ■ Tj- •* |S|| . JO u, .c N • ■ • ■* ■* • lo lO • to ro • . l°ll IT) . . .00 oc • . P :% % : : H rf lO • P'l fO • • H • • : :" 00 • • 6 li > 1 a 3 W d eg u 4 -a 1 c C fjH H 440 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ^ ^ s ■* ^ •* ■ o 0 • •* Total Elem. School Teach- ers :^ ^ • • < •J > 5 u D 0 5 >-) U u a u < td H < s u >J w u ca S D ^; IM Ml Ml . . ; ; : h\l : ; : W. 3«4 iil • • : : : ; : ; lii . . a*l^ lit m m |s|l • M M ■ M • • m • ' • t- r^ l«ll . ro CO • ■ l»ll Tj-f^ H • • • « N • • lii • 5 1 i 0 t4 H _c X C OC oc H < 1 1 c oc ■ H > h g ;z c u* fe h 5 .2 5 f 3 h X Ph c tM H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 441 u • 0 0 • t ■* ■ N N r^ t^ • 00 00 ■ CO CO . o> _ • t^ m ■^ 2 ili «, ■ -T tT ■ vO ^ • 0 vO vO vO • ■* ■t • 0 0 -O "vO ■■ • f to CO CO • CO fiiM' ,§.S5 ik 0 S,u^S . . 1 H 0 a H § 8 S8 . . > M ° d m' < < 8 S8 \n ^s-gj > K § t § • • W H ° a H > 8 {58 Q :;5-§::- z > 8 {;8 u Sol::- 0 ss 2 «"5i i lii ■ I»P Q 8u|g> : : : &°la U lit • ■ ■ c« 8-|s> III ** g*^ . H l-l . . . H M . . < g,.-S8 ^"g^ H . „ „ ■ M N • •^ ■<^- . l-l H • \r, 10 If;?^ • " " :/3 *^ 3** • H N • CS M ■ 0 0 IH < ^Sp CO • CO CO • 0 0 • -^ Z ^s-ss? • t«^ CO ■ s u .J ** 3** S>^|8 N • C) cs • •<<■ ■ • Ov 0\ • Ov Ov • VO vO . M '-' ■ < en < < > u » Pi ? & u 1 0 z Q 1 a u < X u S M ■-) O K s D 1^1 loll : : : • Ml Ml l^ll Isll lii l^li • • 4^|l i^ll . «^ t^ • . i»|i ■ ■* Tj- . . ■ til lit lo . . : : : • •" t^ . • . :. o. i«|i : : : I M H : : : : : • (N . CO fO • • : : : .VO - - ^ N • TT Tj- • Ov Ov . . H . N ^ lii . H H ■'~° -O • ;^ ■* ■ • O • fcM E c T < fe 1 ■ i t s 1 J 8 ^ C fil 1 HI HI Ua H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 443 IT) O fo in fo 00 • >D ID . o 4 • r~ t^ ■ r~ r^ • >D ID M lO ■t r- ID • t^ r~ • -^ ■i^Ui • s ± ts VO 00 M O H .^ >o • to CO • O O • cs IN • M M lE§-g« M CO • CO CO ffsM' -§.r. A o 8.51 1 fe 8 S8 >• jsi:? < < 8 S8 W >• < 4A =«♦ 1 §.5§ u M 0 C H < 2.5° ; • ; i > «*» 3** 8 S8 • (M P, . . u H-o's:- 1 a.|§ : : : 2 < ^ n ^°p ^ o So ; : • • g ^'°p Q 5 8. Is, a°|a U Z, . . . . . 1 s lii > — ' N tfl 8.^S. • u «» §«» X . H • 2 ^S?° H «». 5«*> l»|l • •* TJ- . . '. '. '. '. '^ " s u ■ W N • ■ . > ^«li ^ . • ■* -* • Ov o> . rt ■* ■ P) M s lii M ■o VO . lO u-> • •, • H H .<5 \o • o o W a. ^8 CO s ■ '^ CO • • § a^l^g hi • ■* Tf . . ■ID ID -OC 00 vO vO 1?^?^ 'c3 H M s D *** 3*^ 5 o • • CO CO ^ nj rt So N ■ M -O ■ H H • . o g^ '^ ^ Pi. H c r ^ ta H ^t^ H ^ t^ H ;s f^ h ^ ^ H ^ fe H c n3 > 3 1 1 0 2 S 13 J C 1 1 1 1 1 ;^ N vd .- ^ 1- ^ r ^ (■ •* ■^ r ^ 1- ■^ c •^ 444 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Bl 00 fO CO a 1 ;^ 1 00 ■:% 00 Total Elem. School Teach- ers s; :?> ^ :^ ^ :??. «0 • N ? :% % :? ■t i >• < i > < i > u 1 — c 1- r It M (X4 c i H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 445 tn m ^1 S :8; • CO 1 • t- S :§ M :| ^ :1 Total Elem. School Teach- ers ■ " 5 ;% 00 • f*^ fO • N fO • w ?: :^ ^ : u ! i £ i Q 3 u i X u H 1 w s u .J w K H CQ s D 15 H 1,11 lil 4A 3«*k lil lit 1=11 i»ii i°|i : : |s|l • • lit • HI . . m ■ M . CO CO • • • • . CO CO hfi : : " H • O o . . " lil ; O O -vO VO . • • '-' N . 0> a l»|i ■ fO fO ■ On .VO cd O ; r^ H . H m • Tf -^ § : : 00 • H H • HI s HI .>o o ■ o 2 & :: o . . . VO VO . . o 15 ■SI •00. - -S :: . T3 . . ■ 1 ■■ • 13 c I < e. fa > J tn H c 9. > 1 ^ (X4 It CO •* J. -8 « s < Ph 1 J u 446 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2 i: « 5 fo o^o H ei H 1 0 >o fo cb ■<1- •00 • CO 00 CO • * to OP) «o 10 10 CO to Total Elem. School Teach- ers 31 M fO IN to « ^ :% 0 'too 0 • r^ CO • M t^ •oo ^ "^ N >. K » < i u u (4 u Q 3 5 < H u 1 S u >J b 0 » U ca S D i^i loll Isll 4A 3«» • '• • . W^ 3«A . Isll ^ 3«% lil . ■ lii l°ll : : l^ll : : CO • : : lii • •* Tf . . i«|i S.V.I8 . XT, 10 • CO l-l . M CO H li^ •00 00 • • ^ . . m H CO H 't M :2 0 • • s3 • (S •* 0 : : 3 rt P) ■ H M lil • 0 0 • • : .a -^ % -.^ H : M '1 ^^ lil • " M • -^ H to i • "^ NO " 1 ■■ Is, • • • 0 0 -a 1 •• .vO VO • H MX) 1 1 0 IllH < I c J 1 • < H c i i i c i 1 s f ; P4 ■ 1 •r ,1 H > i J r ] H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 447 2 is « 0 fO 1* f^ 000 s ' ^ 5 ti 1 s t^ On ■* • -t ^ Total Elem. School Teach- ers N ?J "^ ^ :^ ^ ^j? (S • CO ■0 woo CO CO CO • (N cs i 0 > < < 1 u Q S 1-1 u z 1 K W < s s [I. 0 s D A 0 ; ; ; : : : Wi Ml : : Ml • • • • m ■ • • lil ; : lii : : • ■ H ■ i°|i ■ ■ ■ • lit ! |o|l ■ • lii i°|i • ; : : ; : ; l»|i • • t • • ■ ■ • ^ CO • CO . H • '■ N ?! : : :« M - ■ lii 3 1 ■" " lii ; ; : ; : .S • " 00 • H M :^ ^O • N 2 c^ to . . 0 • cs (N H . M • r^ S- - 00 0 -co CO H ■* 10 ■ • -0 ■ ■ ■ 1^ 1^ . M M . 0< a -0 0 1 < 1 • 1- *—> i H 0 > 'C a 1 c - £ r p. .1 til 1- 1 l^ J ) 0 f-( 448 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Sf (0 cs ||- 1 • C^ • •* • CO lO Ts ^ ;l '.% lO :| 1 2 E 8-g «, CO JJ5 :^ M • CO CO CO a :% % :^ ^ ;^ ^ i < X < •< i > u i 5 3 U 5 < H § X O oa S D iz; 1^1 Wl 1^ 3«4 : : : lit lil 1.1 1 • ** 3V* * Hi ; ; ; m i^li : : : ; ; '. mi • M (N • • lit . CO CO • M i^li M • IH M . O o • ■* rt ■ . I'll H ^O t^ ■ M M -VO w : : ■ O VO ■ lO 1 uo 1) • ■ 1 |s|l : :^ VO • . • .2 • • 2 • o O • lO ■" :^ % l»|l ■O • ; . O o • t^ Is, . T3 . . O 1 % C d 1- Ph 1 ■s 1- 1 S 1 1 S" M > J 1 i^ H ^ i B 1 -i P4 H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 449 III '■■1 § ?a s ;l % ;l CO • CO CO Total Elem. School Teach- ers • O O • 0 ^ "^ ^ :^ S i'S "S -.^ o i bl lit 2 > < i > u i K 2 Q ^ z u 5 < It] H 1 1.) U « S D lit lil li! . m k4i lit i-^i : : iil l»ll • • • ■* rj- . . lii H • -"t t • ■* ■* • • |s|l : : : l^ll ■ M H . fO CO • to " >. 2 2 ■ fO • CM M W • M l^ll M . t^ H g .3 .a "^ *^ .00 00 -00 00 -^O o ssll ;vO ^0 • lO lo a o o • • d a ^ . CO CO -^o « • (N (N P • -Z! TJ 73 Ah IZ; ^ 1-1 . CO ^ y i in i u-< 1 1 J 1- £ 0 £ pq 1 P4 -: 1- e C< 1 S Pin 1 ■ C s fXH 1 5 H 450 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ^1 % :S § %^ »0 H \0 ! 1% -: ■I ' Total Elem. School Teach- ers • ro a ■■% % ^'?> to N ^ CO^ 2 -^ ^ '• s ^ >• > < > U Pi ? u i u z i u s s H 8 X > I S s ca S M lii ■• ■ ■ loll W ° C M Ml I'll Isll l»|l l^ll I'll l»|l ; : : ' ,' ' I'll l»|l : : : : : : : ; " M • ■ lii ; O O ; H • • ^ M . . ; w^ t^ . . : H M -00 00 WW Tt . . . H M • H lii . <> Ov ■ <> r^ lo Tj- u^ . . ■ O VO -00 00 H l»|l • t '^ -00 00 a . H H ■ ■n »0 0 0 • CO CO 00 00 ^^b • ■* Tf- • -^ T • CO CO 2 IsiS 6% >:^cn • ■* ^ • H H 0 • ^ '^ • CO CO 2 68-5^ • ■* (3 C3 ,§.J^ ^ 0 §.^^ 1 M ° C3 H fe 8.|8 >■ 301:? < < 8 S8 • ■ : : tn js-g^ > ggll H H ° a H < l.ll 0 H 0 a H > 8 i58 • • 5 °-s-gn- g,».^i ^°li "J < 0 ^^■^^ ^ CM ?OH^8 I S J^°«^ A i°|^ Z . . . . . 1 ^°M . . 8-^?. ^"«^ u < • Ov O^ H w. gw ^7—— • ■ °S?.i^ X %% 3*^ en 0 So : "^ xn ■ • >■ < ■ f^ ro • H H • r^ t> . ^ (N U g.o'SK i-i 4S° giS • CO CO • vO 0 • t^ 1^ • CO CO . . Po.^8 . H 0 «^ 3** r^ • VO 0 fl • 0 0 ■ -^ • td C i3 0 g 1— 1 1 0 1 eu 1 Z 1 (5 ^4 ^ CO 4 >o VO r- ^ ■^ M •S ■* ^ r 452 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION lis o .9. a^ ■i ^ 1 • u w Pi ? u g Ph i 3 5 .J U i X u < ►J 1 z s Id w s D i^i !s|| • • • • loll '. '. '. m : : : ; : : : ; : lit • • lit ; : : til : : : I • • • ■ g,v|8 Hi • • iil |s|l lil M ■ 0 M ■^ Hi VO • • • H M • ro ^ :" 1 ■ m ■ r^ ro Isll : g :^ o vo • w lii : 1 :" . O ■ T, 15 lA . . to ' . is Ov H -^ • • I E c P4 ) d e 1 c 1 c 5 c fe- >^ a 1 2 IE C 1 c .c - c p K C Ph 2 i^ H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 453 •J ■* CO ^ »0 . lr> 1/1 Tf -t f Total Elem. School Teach- ■ o g' :^ a :^ ^ :? ? :^ vO - -^O o • ^ •* 1 o > < o i i K PL, 0 » U K u < § > < w s M a W td ca S IM lit Ml " • : : ; Ml : '■'■ Isll ; ; Ml lit ; : i.|| : : ; i°li : ; : lii til . . ■ lit : : : . l°|l Tf . . l»|i H • • • ■* ■* • • • lit . c*5 CO • • • f~ t^ ■ • 111 • 'a- ^ . P^ N • • vS 3 ■" H • - lii • ■* H i"^ 3 t^ • • : '."^ VO i»|l • vO 1 W . M ir, cj w • t^ t^ ■ t^ t^ lii • CO fo o ■ • ft 3, Is, 1 ■ ■ * 1 ■ ■ : ;t« 00 • • s o % 8 1 £ C H c c ■ I c p: J o t I 1 1 fan H 454 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION fO ^ 1 1 0> Ov CO ro 00 1 1 ?4 i Total Elem. School Teach- ers o CO :8 o ro CO • 0\ 0^ 1 1 :% ^ "^ CO N > < K <; u g 1 •-) K Ah a z H D U 2 W X u < < S u K W CO S D 4% O 1,11 «4 3«% t«. 3*.% : • • • ■ • ■ «% 3V^ HI m t4l lii M lit : : : : ■ • lil : ; : • • o So . CO (O • • lit • . to CO . • i^li lii ■ M >-o • « <5 : : : °" o, . . . CO CO lii •00 00 • • . Tf •* •-0 VO • • ^O s |o|l •00 00 ■ • ■ ■ lO tT) .\0 • H o • 't ^ •00 00 • • lO lO 13 . P M -vO >o • -n • • ■ 1 ■■ 1 c T s H 1 H c C 1 cx, H C 0 H c 1 5= 1 til H i c c p-1 H 1 1? H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 455 « S « CO '^ 1 i ■ 8 8 -: 0> lO t- ^ : o ^ 1 » § Total Elem. School Teach- ers .?> ^ ;^ % :;^ S :=S 00 IH n M CO ^ :S S "S CO 1 >> < < >< OS < i > u K PL, 0 5 hJ U z i K W X U < 8 X u CO > w s u w b o PS u n S D H bli . Ml 4A 3 fc!H 1 1 P4 H 456 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION ^1 00 to :1 1 o o 00 ■* • 00 00 Total Elem. School Teach- ers ■ o •^ =s • to to • ^ 5 woo Ov • to CO I > < < > -1 t I K O ' 5 u z i u a u < .J c§ z M S III hJ w w s %i o Hi m : : : loll : : : bu Ml : : loll Hi lil l°|l iil |o|l • • Iil ; : "^ l^ll til ■ '^ '^ : ; M . • : - .: : " • ^ ^ .^o VO ■ • ■ ■* ■* Iil i^ii ■ Tj- ■* • ■ ■S >< lO • to 4i ■ ■ |o|| rO • o 5 o . to to •i •" to to fO • O O C 13 lO • ■* ■* O • 'J- '^ ■ t^ r^ • • ■ 1 (2 • ■* 'a- 1 6 IS 1 a o 1 i^ H 1 c 1^ :s c c <; « b H i c c c •fc c H J p. c tt| 1 1 COMMtTTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 457 s ^ ■-.% 5 ^ :.l 1 Total Elem. School Teach- ers • fo 5^ -^^ g :J^ M . M p. ~Si> o foo. <; J5 K j W O K td ca S D S5 w» O Ml ■ lil : : Ml . . loll lil .8 S§ lil lit . i^li i"|l l^li . . |s|| 3 3 ' ' |s|l 'a" 3 til lit 'a'o 3 33 3 l«|i i«ii 33 3 W ■ • (N 0> M i PO ., :: 33 3 ^ M3 • M M • M H lit : M fj NVO 00 • • 3 ' " ro • fO fO i^ii • ■* M ■ : Tj- . . M P .so - : : ■ 1 ■ • • . o> O- > 6 c 1 1 ■5 >> O a 1 m 4 c E 1 «. *E c E ■3 i 1 w 5 H 458 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION 2 b « « S rt 5 ^ CO CO CO CO CO I ■:% lO 00 CO CO CO . CO CO • t^ H Total Elem. School Teach- ers • o M . CO CO • CO CO -00 CO . u PL, U 5 3 u u u H w s ll) »J w K H ca S D 12; 1- ■ ■ ■ lit lil . . ; : : Ml iil lii lii ; ; : : : : : : lit . : ; H CO lit ^o|^ : : : . . . • " ^ lii - ::| : :: 1 • ^ 't i^li lO |s|l ; :" l^ll * lii : : . CO • • CO ■ ■ fil 1 •a H COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 459 DISCUSSION CHARLES H. VERRILL, STATISTICIAN, BUREAU OF LABOR, WASHINGTON, D. C. In the declaration of principles adopted by this Association at its Boston meeting in 19*03 appeared the statement that teaching in the public schools will not be a suitably attractive and permanent career, nor will it command as much of the ability of the country as it should, until the teachers are properly compensated and are assured of an undisturbed tenure during efficiency and good behavior. A large part of the teacher's reward must always be the pleasure in the character and quality of the work done; but the money compensation of the teacher should be sufficient to maintain an appropriate standard of living. Legislative measures to give support to these principles deserve the approval of the press and the people. Along with this extremely moderate statement of the teachers' economic platform, expressing so clearly and simply the just and moderate demands of the teachers — "a com- pensation sufficient to maintain an appropriate standard of living with an assurance of an undisturbed tenure during efficiency and good behavior" — went the appointment of the committee whose final report comes before you this morning for consideration. In a consideration of the subject of the salaries, tenure, and pensions of teachers in the public schools, a study of the salary question must take precedence of all others. It matters little to the teacher that she may hold her position as long as she pleases, if the remuneration is below a fair living salary. Nor does the contemplation of a small pension after twenty-five or thirty years of work seem very alluring, if those years of faithful service are to receive only perhaps two-thirds of their fairly earned compensation, even if a pension could be hoped for from public authorities unable or unwilling to increase salaries to a just and equitable standard. I shall, therefore, not take the time here to discuss that portion of the report relating to pensions, but shall confine myself to the subject of salaries, with a brief summary of the facts in regard to tenure and duration of service. For the purposes of the report of the committee, the investigation of salaries was taken up in three distinct fields: first, in the cities and towns of 8,000 population or over; second, in the cities and towns of less than 8,000 population; and, third, in the ungraded rural schools. The places of 8,000 population or over, 547 in number in 1900, included one-third of the entire population of the country. The relative importance of the ungraded rural schools and the schools in cities and towns of less than 8,000 population cannot be accurately stated, but it is probable that the population dependent upon the ungraded rural schools is considerably larger than that having access to the schools of the small cities and towns, that is to say, considerably more than one-third of the entire population of the country. For the cities and towns of 8,000 population or over complete salary statistics were sought for all places. For the towns of less than 8,000 inhabitants no attempt was made to cover more than three typical towns in each state, one requiring a minimum expenditure for cost of living, one a medium expenditure, and one a maximum expenditure. With regard to salaries in ungraded rural schools, the aim was to secure data from twenty-four schools in each state, eight to represent the lowest, eight the medium, and eight the maximum yearly salaries paid to teachers in rural schools. As the school systems of the cities and towns of 8,000 population or over are so much better centralized and organized, it was much easier to secure the facts desired. So it is that the committee is able to present in its report detailed information in regard to salaries covering 90 per cent, of these places, only 55 out of the entire 547 having failed to reply to the repeated inquiries of the committee. For the smaller towns and the rural schools data could be secured from only about half the states. These states, however, represent all sections of the country. Altho information in regard to the smaller places is of the utmost importance, the subject of salaries in cities and towns of 8,000 population 46o NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION or over will of course be of greater interest to the members of this Association, as it touches nearly everyone personally. The 467 cities and towns of 8,000 population or over furnishing reports employed in round numbers 93,000 teachers and supervising oflEicers. Of this number, over 70,000, or 75.6 per cent., were teachers (not including principals) in elementary schools, and all except 1,500 of these were women. In other words, the women teachers in elementary schools — in the grades — constituted 74 per cent, of the entire number of persons employed either as teachers or in supervisory positions in connection with the schools of these 467 cities. High-school teachers (not including principals) make up a little over 8,000, or 8.6 per cent, of the whole number, and principals of elementary schools about 6,200, or 6.7 per cent. Of the principals and teachers in both high and elementary schools (but not including superintendents and teachers of special branches) the men constituted only 8.6 per cent. For all the women teachers in elementary schools (nearly 69,000) the average annual salary was $650, while that of the 1,500 men was $1,161. For the women principals in elementary schools the average salary was $970, and that for men principals $1,542. In high schools the average salary for women teachers was $903, and for men $1,303. For women principals the salary was $1,232, while for men principals it was $1,908. The four cities of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Boston employ about 27 per cent, of all the teachers employed in the 467 cities, and as the salaries paid are com- paratively high, as compared with the cities as a whole, their inclusion exerts a very great influence on the above averages. Thus, if the four cities be excluded, the averages for the remaining 463 cities are, for elementary teachers, $556 for women and $653 for men. Of the 1,500 men employed as teachers in elementary schools, 900 were in the four cities named. For elementary principals the average salary was $826 for women and $1,247 for men; for high-school teachers, $817 for women and $1,106 for men; and for high- school principals, $1,131 for women and $1,738 for men. I might say here, as throwing an interesting sidelight on these salaries, that the average duration of service of all teachers in T)T,T, cities for which figures are available was found to be 11^ years. These 7)T,2, cities include Boston, but not New York, Chicago, or Philadelphia. But these averages of all the cities, while perfectly accurate, give but an imperfect idea of the details in which are hidden not only the cities which pay very low average salaries, but also the cities whose averages may look reasonable, but which pay many very low individual salaries. Thus, to take only the greatest class — the women teachers in elementary schools — while, as we have seen, the average yearly salary for all the cities combined was $650, in 14 cities the average was less than $350; in 64 cities it was $350 or over, but less than $400; in no cities (or 23.3 per cent.) it was $400 or over, but less than $450; in 125 cities (or 26.4 per cent.) it was $450 or over, but less than $500; in 61 cities it was $500 or over, but less than $550; in 38 cities it was $550 or over, but less than $600; in 19 cities it was $600 or over, but less than $650; and in only 42 cities, or 8.9 per cent., was the average salary as much as $650. In other words, while the average salary for all cities was $650, in 431 cities, or 91.9 per cent., it was less than $650, and in 8.9 per cent, it was $650 or over. If, instead of the averages for cities, we consider the salaries paid individual teachers, we find that out of the 69,000 women teachers in elementary schools, 1,877, or 2.7 per cent., received a salary of less than $350; 3,019, or 4.4 per cent., received $350 or over, but less than $400; 5,611, or 8.2 per cent., received $400 or over, but less than $450; 6,613, or 9.6 per cent., received $450 or over, but less than $500; 7,721, or 11.3 per cent., $500 or over, but less than $550; 5,365, or 7.8 per cent., $550 or over, but less than $600; 7,972, or II. 6 per cent., $600 or over, but less than $650; 6,135, o^ ^-9 P^^ cent., $650 or over, but less than $700; while only 35.5 per cent, received as much as $700, and only 7.0 per cent, as much as $1,000 a year. COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 461 An examination of the minimum salaries paid to the women teachers in elementary- schools discloses some items of more than common interest. We know the facts for 491 cities and towns in regard to this point. In 64 cities some of the teachers were actually- paid salaries of less than $300 a year; in 116 cities, $300 or over, but less than $350; in 125 cities, $350 or over, but less than $400; in 89 cities, $400 or over, but less than $450; in 38 cities, $450 or over, but less than $500; in 26 cities, $500 or over, but less than $550; in 51 cities, $550 or over, but less than $600; and in 18 cities, $600 or over. In 62.1 per cent, of the cities the minimum salary paid was less than $400, and in only 1 2. 1 per cent, was it as high as $500. The minimum most frequently reported was $400 paid in 53 cities, while $360 was the minimum reported for 47 cities, and $300 for 44 cities. It would naturally be supposed that these very low salaries would be found in the smaller cities and towns only. On the contrary, of the 39 cities with a population of 100,000 or over, 21 cities reported teachers in elementary schools in receipt of yearly salaries of $400 or less. Incredible tho it may seem, three of these cities — and university cities, too — Rochester, Syracuse, and New Haven, reported teachers receiving only $300 a year — 64 teachers in all. In two cities, New Orleans and St. Joseph, the minimum paid was $315; in one city, Fall River, it was $320; in one city, Baltimore, it was $348; in three cities, Detroit, Louisville, and Toledo, it was $350; in one, Memphis, Tenn., it was $360; in two cities, Columbus, Ohio, and Omaha, it was $380; and in eight cities, Pittsburg, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Milwaukee, Indianapolis, Providence, St. Paul, and Scranton, it was $400. The report of the committee gives also the salaries for each of the cities, for the cities grouped according to size, and for each state ; but the limited time does not permit of the quotation of any more of these figures here. The fixed salary schedules under which teachers are paid are also given in detail for some 240 cities. It is the ungraded country schools that suffer most from the inadequate salaries offered teachers. In comparison with some of these even the minimum salaries paid in city schools seem princely. I shall speak here (except for a few states) only of typical low salaries, altho the report of the committee gives medium and high salaries also. What percentage of the teachers in ungraded rural schools these represent it is not possible to say. Of the three New England states from which reports were obtained, Maine, Massa- chusetts, and Connecticut, the lowest salary, $118, was reported for a school year of 18 weeks in a Maine town. In a Connecticut school $180 was reported for 36 weeks of school. The monthly rate of $20, it will be noticed, is considerably lower than the monthly rate in the Maine school just mentioned. That this rate of $20 a month, extra- ordinarily low tho it seems, is representative of a considerable number of Connecticut schools is shown beyond any doubt by the report of the Connecticut State Board of Edu- cation for 1903, where it is stated that "the wages of 79 teachers (8 men and 71 women) were $20 or less per month, and of 199 teachers (12 men and 187 women) were $20 to $25 per month." The lowest salary reported in Massachusetts was $206 for a school year of 32 weeks. No separate figures for salaries in ungraded country schools could be obtained from Vermont, but some facts for that state in regard to size of schools and duration of service which are representative of other states as well as Vermont, and explain to some extent the very low salaries, are of unusual interest in this place. Of all the schools in the state, city as well as countr^y, iii, or over 4 per cent., had only 6 pupils or less during the last term of the school year 1904; and 885, or 35 per cent., had 6 pupils or more, but not more than 15. Of the total number of teachers only 25 per cent, had been retained more than one year in the same school, 16 per cent, had been retained three terms or one year, 22 per cent, had been retained two terms, while 37 per cent, had been retained one term only 462 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION In other words, 37 per cent, of all the teachers in the schools of Vermont had never before taught in their present positions. In New York the lowest salary reported was $160 for a school year of 32 weeks; in New Jersey it was $225 for 36 weeks; while in Pennsylvania as low as $140 was paid for a year of 28 weeks. Under the new Pennsylvania law now in force, the pay of teachers must not be less than $35 a month, arid as the minimum year had been previously fixed at 7 months, the minimum salary becomes $245. In the great North Central states conditions are no better. In Ohio the average salary for women teachers for an entire county was $138 for a school year of 23 weeks. In Indiana $144 was paid for a year of 16 weeks, and in Illinois $120 for 24 weeks. In Michigan $175 was paid for a year of 28 weeks; in Minnesota, $200 for a year of 20 weeks. Iowa reported $132 for a year of 24 weeks, and Missouri $100 for a year of 20 weeks. In South Dakota $120 was paid for a school year of 16 weeks; in Nebraska, $75 for one of 12 weeks; and in Kansas, $150 for one of 20 weeks. Of the states to the South, Maryland had in 1903 one entire county, employing 147 teachers, where the average salary was $171 for a school year of 6 months. The new school law of Maryland provides that "no white teacher regularly employed in a public school, having an average attendance of 15 pupils or more, shall receive as salary less than $300 per school year." In Virginia the average for the state (cities and country) for women teachers was $166, and for men $211, for the year of 24 weeks. In South Carolina, in one county employing no white teachers, the average salary was only $107 for a school year of 16 weeks, while in two counties the average for 185 colored teachers was $39 for a year of 10 weeks. In Georgia a salary of $90 was reported for a year of 24 weeks. In a number of the southern states, it should be stated, it is the custom to supplement the public term of school by an additional term maintained out of voluntary subscriptions of the local patrons. In Texas the average salary of women teachers in rural schools for the entire state (89 per cent, being ungraded schools) in 1901-2 was $202 for white teachers and $183 for colored. Many salaries, of course, were paid much below these averages. Of the Pacific coast states, the lowest salary reported in California was $360 for a school year of 36 weeks, while Washington reported $175 for 20 weeks, and Oregon $90 for a school year of 12 weeks. With such figures as these before us no extended study of other occupations is needed to show that the salaries of teachers are unreasonably low. And this is true whether the basis of comparison be the preparation required and the work performed, the amount necessary for a comfortable living in the social position the teacher must fill, or the amount paid in other occupations. Certain difficulties stand in the way of an entirely satisfactory comparison of the salaries of teachers and earnings in other occupations. The teacher is actively engaged in the work of teaching for not more than 40 weeks, and receives a salary from which the expenses of the 5 2 weeks of the year must be paid. She can hardly find remunerative occupation during the vacation, and, even if it were possible, would return to her school duties in the fall unfitted for the best work. Indeed, the teacher is expected, and in some cases required, to spend her vacation in rest, or at least must not engage in any occu- pation, altho in many cases she is encouraged to give a part of it to self-improvement in a summer school. In most other occupations, with which comparison might be made, the pay is by the day or week, for an uncertain period, and in many cases the year's work will for one reason or another fall short of full 52 weeks. The workman at common labor who has steady employment earns more in a year than many of the teachers in elementary schools. Thus, a comparison of the weekly wages of municipal laborers on street and sewer work, and the minimum yearly salaries of teachers in elementary schools, in 47 cities, shows that, except in 4 cities, the laborer COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 463 who has work for 50 weeks say earns more than the teacher. In many cases the laborer's pay under such conditions is greatly in excess of that of the teacher. But this comparison is with the commonest untrained labor, while in scarcely any city of importance can a man or woman obtain a position as teacher at even the minimum salary without some previous experience at a lower salary, or some special preparation. In many instances, too, preliminary to this special preparation, a high-school education is required. For example, candidates for the place of teacher in the elementary schools of Balti- more, before being permitted to take the required competitive examination, must have completed the course in one of the Baltimore training schools for teachers, or a course in some other training school whose standard of admission and whose require- ments are equivalent to those of the Baltimore training schools; or they must have taught acceptably for two years, and must have passed an examination in the following subjects: EngHsh, including grammar, composition, and literature; history and civics, arithmetic, algebra, plane geometry, physics or botany or zoology, geography, physiology, and hygiene. For all this the pay at beginning is $300 a year, with three yearly advances of $48 and one of $60, to a schedule maximum of $504, and a special grade beyond for a limited number of teachers of $600. But it must be understood that Baltimore is not unique in this respect. The facts for that city are cited simply as representative. If we turn to any one of the skilled trades where the period of apprenticeship required is approximately the same as the period of the teacher's preparation (I include high and normal schools, for the average artisan stops short of the high school), we find that even the average salary of the teacher in the elementary schools, reached only after years of experience, is below the pay of the artisan. For example, minimum wage rates of molders in jobbing and machinery foundries in 103 cities in 1904 ranged from $2.47^ to $4 a day according to locality. In the majority of the cities the fates were from $2.75 to $3 a day, which, making a liberal allowance for time lost by lack of work, would indicate yearly earnings of from $700 to $800. It can hardly be argued that the teacher in the city schools works fewer hours per day than that required in other occupations. In the present-day city school the time required for the numerous reports called for, the planning and preparation of lessons the reading and correcting of exercises, the attendance upon teachers' meetings, and for other professional calls, will bring the teachers' average working day fully up to 10 hours. The committee in its report makes no formal or specific summary of findings. The findings of the committee are in the presentation of this great body of facts in regard to salaries and the related matters. The committee has not considered that its duty went so far as to demand any formulation of conclusions or of recommendations. The con- ditions are too various for anything adequate short of specific recommendations for each individual city, and that clearly would necessitate study of local conditions quite beyond the power of any committee of this Association. There are, however, certain general conclusions, of fact I think I may say, to which a study of the report of the committee seems to lead. And these may, perhaps, be added here without presumption. First, as to salaries in cities. In a majority of the cities the minimum salary — that for regular teachers in their first year — is below a fair living standard, and therefore too low to attract to the profession the best material — the prime essential for a strong teach- ing force. A most striking confirmation of this statement is in the fact that in 21 out of the 39 cities with a population of 100,000 or over the salary paid teachers in their first year of regular work was from $300 to $400. The increases in salary with work of merit are, as a rule, too small, too slow, and continued for too short a period. As a result, the maximum is reached long before the teacher has attained the limit of her powers, and many of the best of the teachers, therefore, leave the profession. 464 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Security of tenure should be assured, qualified of course by the requirement of high standards of work. This, if properly applied, is quite as much in the interest of the school as in that of the teacher. Second, as to salaries in the ungraded rural schools. Here also the salaries in very many cases are much below a fair living standard. Chief among the causes of this are too short a school year and too many small schools. The most serious consequence, and fatal to good work, is the change of teacher with each term of school. Of the work that has already been done toward strengthening the rural schools and improving the condition of the teachers by the enactment of laws fixing the minimum salary that may be paid and the minimum school year, and by the consolidation of small schools and the transportation of pupils, time does not permit me to speak. Albert G. Lane, district superintendent of schools, Chicago, 111. — The report of the Committee on Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions will be valuable as a means by which school oj66cers may compare the salaries paid in cities and sections of the country where social and financial conditions are practically the same. The facts presented regarding the tenure of office for teachers indicate stability in the larger cities, and the details of the report show the length of service, and present satis- factory evidence of increased stability of the teacher's position. The statistics with refer- ence to country schools show clearly the need of legislation regarding salaries and tenure of office to secure a radical change in existing conditions. The information furnished regarding pensions shows that but little progress has been made in the adoption of any- thing like a uniform or satisfactory system of pensioning teachers. The examination of Table A shows that in 467 cities and towns furnishing full reports 75.6 per cent, of all teachers and supervising officers were elementary teachers; and out of 70,230 elementary "teachers only 1,500 were men. The table on page 52 shows that only i per cent, of the teachers are men in the cities of 10,000 to 200,000 population, 2 per cent, in cities over 200,000 to 1,000,000, and in cities of one million or more 4.3 per cent, of the teachers are men. In the main, there are so few men teaching in elementary grades, and the differences in salaries of men and women in grade positions is so slight, that the average salary named represents the compensation of women and men. In the sixteen cities having a popula- tion of 200,000 to 1,000,000 the average salary of the elementary men and women teachers is $677, the lowest being $479 in New Orleans, and the highest $941 in Boston. An examination of the Boston statement shows the average of women teachers to be $883 per annum — a difference of $58 between the average salary of men and women and the average salary of women. The salaries of men who occupy the positions of submaster are included, and as they hold special positions not represented in other cities, their salaries should be excluded in making up the average salary for Boston. Cincinnati pays an average of %^^ per annum more to men than to women. There is so slight a difference in the other cities that it may be safe to assume that the conditions in them, and in Boston and Cincinnati, are similar to those in Chicago, where men and women are all paid on the same schedule of salaries, notwithstanding the report gives the average salary of men as $869 and women $822. These averages are based on the total amount paid to male teachers divided by their number. The average term of service of men is longer than that of women, hence the difference. The group of 20 cities having a population of 100,000 to 200,000 shows an average yearly salary for the teachers of $603. The fourth group of 40 cities of 50,000 to 100,000 population shows an average yearly salary of $572. The average yearly salary in the 467 cities recorded is S650, and, omitting the teachei-s of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Boston, the average salary is $556. To recapitulate: Average salary in cities 1,000,000 and over, $906; in cities 200,000 IE D '03 COMMITTEE ON SALARIES, TENURE, AND PENSIONS 465 to 1,000,000, $677; in cities 100,000 to 200,000, $603; in cities 50,000 to 100,000, $572; and in the 467 cities, $650. Salaries in other occupations. — Earnings in two other occupations are given in the report, viz., municipal street laborers and molders. Street laborers employed in cities have reasonably continuous service, and are generally paid the highest wages for unskilled labor. The molders represent a class of workmen who require training and apprenticeship in their occupation, and their salaries would probably represent the average paid in all cities for labor that is reasonably continuous and classified as skilled labor. Both occupations employ men only. Laborers obtain an average of about $9.66 per week, or about $500 per year, if employed all the time. Molders in over 100 cities receive an average of about $3 per day. If they worked every day in the year, either nine or ten hours a day, they would receive $939 a year. They are not constantly employed. Statistics from the Labor Bureau show that the average annual earnings of skilled labor is about $800 per annum. The average salary of grade teachers, nearly all of whom are unmarried women, in New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Boston, is about $900 per annum. The report presents a table showing the average cost of living in over 11,000 normal famiUes of workingmen. In the North Central states this is $657.30 No statement is made of the average number in the family, but the cost of an individual in the same group of states is given at $155.24 for food, rent, fuel, Ughting, clothing, and sundries; hence the average number in the family is four. Their cost of living is $657.30. The average salary of an elementary teacher in 467 cities is $650. Salaries in rural schools. — The salaries paid to teachers in the rural schools present the hard problems of securing stability in the work of teaching. Massachusetts pays from $7 to $10 per week for 32 to 34 weeks each year. Connecticut pays from $5 to $10 per week, averaging about 38 weeks; New York, from $5 to $15 per week for 32 to 40 weeks a year; New Jersey, from $7 to $12 per week for 36 to 40 weeks; Pennsylvania, $5 to $12 per week; Ohio, from $6 to $10 per week; Illinois, from $5 to $12 per week. These figures are representative of the compensation of teachers in rural schools everywhere. The lowest salaries named are paid to persons who are employed in remote rural districts which continue their schools the minimum time permitted by the law. Frequent changes occur; many competent persons who might become good teachers seek other occupa- tions. Others soon find employment in schools which continue thruout the year and which pay the best salaries. These rural districts demand some reconstruction policy; there is no continuity in the work; schools continue less than half a year; hence the children are deprived of educational training which they ought to receive. The movement to consolidate school districts, making larger units for taxation and school membership, will secure economy, better salaries, fewer and better teachers, and longer terms of school with far better opportunities for the children in the matter of classification and instruction. The consolidation of school districts includes the transportation of pupils. The report on tenure of office of teachers in the large cities shows reasonable per- manency. The reports show that the average length of service of both men and women in the same positions was nine years. Service for five years or less included 38.3 per cent. of all teachers; 5 to 9 years, 25.1 per cent.; 10 to 14 years, 15.5 per cent.; 15 to 19 years, 8.8 per cent.; 20 to 29 years, 8.6 per cent.; 30 years and upward, 3.7 per cent. The table on page 161 gives the percentage of teachers in 29 cities of 100,000 popula- tion or over who have taught in their present locations a specified number of years, and it also shows average years of service in their present locations, as well as average years of service regardless of where performed. Boston shows 12.7 years of service in the city out of an average of 15.3 years of teaching; Cincinnati, 10.6 years out of 16.8; Jersey City, 12.2 out of 12.7; Louisville, Ky., 13 out of 14; Minneapolis, 7.6 out of 12.3; Denver, 7.5 out of 13. 1. 466 NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION The average years of service in the same location in the cities named was over lo years for 42 per cent, of all teachers, and two-thirds of all taught 5 years or more in their present locations. It happens that the average total experience is only two years longer than that in present locations. It is well known that many teachers begin their work in rural schools, and as soon as possible obtain positions in city or village schools, where they remain. It is evident that in the large cities the tenure of teachers is quite secure practically continuous during efficiency, adaptation, and good behavior. Andrew S. Draper, commissioner of education, of New York, said that he would regret any disposition to combine in order to force an advance of teachers' salaries. The people were quite disposed to be just to teachers, more so than they would be if the teach- ers attempted compulsory tactics. The effort of the Council should be to raise the level of qualifications in the teaching force and the effort of every teacher should be toward self- improvement. Incapacity should be prevented from competing with capacity. At a time when all salaries are advancing it is but just that the National Council of Education should call attention to the fact that the general level of teachers' salaries is lower than it ought to be; but labor-union methods for advancing teachers' salaries are not to be thought of. There must be no leveling down for the sake of helping the weaker teachers. The conditions must be so set that the stronger and more ambitious ones would be encouraged to do their best. There is no serious trouble about adequate salaries for the best teachers, and no artifices would in the long run be of much help to the poorer ones. Dr. Draper questioned the advisability of state laws fixing a minimum salary for teachers, because they clearly developed some popular disposition to think that the sum named was sufficient compensation for all teachers doing the same general work. It might not be so when such legislation applied to a single city, and particularly to a large city, but its application to an entire state was of very doubtful expediency. Dr. Draper said that he had no settled opinions about teachers' pensions. He would be glad to have every good teacher get all the salary possible. It would be well if every decent man or woman could earn enough and be provident enough to protect against want in old age. No matter how much some earned, they would never save anything. Such people were always looking for devices, for some help from other people, to .save them from the inevitable consequences of their own incapacity or their own improvidence. It is true that there are many deserving teachers who get so little pay that they cannot save anything for the time when they are unable to work. There is the rub. What, if anything, ought to be done about it he did not know. Sometimes when you meet one difficulty, you provoke more and worse difficulties. It is doubtful if wages ought to be taxed in order to make pension funds, unless every teacher who contributes enters into the arrangement voluntarily. Mutual benefit associations, upon a voluntary basis, are always proper enough, altho the inexperienced know little of the difficulties of administering them. Extravagancies and losses seem to encompass nearly all of such undertakings; but when organized and operated upon a sound basis, such organizations are to be com- mended. But the levying of taxes for pensions for persons in the public service is a different matter. There is a very general, and probably growing, repugnance to pensions in this country, except for specially necessary and specially hazardous service, such as in the army or navy, or in the police or fire departments. If this sentiment could extend to the inclusion of the teachers, and possibly it may, it might be well. In that event there would likely be some indirect consequences not widely anticipated. There would be more care about certifying teachers, the average of attainments would be higher, the tenure of position would doubtless be more certain, and the service longer in one place and therefore better. He frankly reiterated that he had no settled or very decided opinions about the teachers' pension question. But all that concerns teachers' compensation should be treated with moderation and dignity, without resort to clap-trap, and with confidence in the sense of justice, and the interested and generous disposition, of the people.