r of for Tict this neroy; Ben's t Top, stoaka, Eight- , Nees High, Street, W au- iation The JOURNAL of the NATIONAL May, 1935 Vol. 24, No. 5 EDUCATION ASSOCIATION ——. iui ———— In This Issue Making the Most of the Summer................ 135 Editorial ; Teacher Leadership in Forming Credit Unions.... 136 Federal Aid for the Schools.............s.c008. 137 Willard E. Givens The Teacher’s Oath of Allegiance............... 138 A Rural Community Beautifies Its School........ 139 Procedure for a Panel Discussion............... 143 Lillian Gray Must Themoceacy Die? ... . 6460105 4 Oru. a 144 Royce S. Pitkin “Terrorism Gate Raat. oO. Ue 145 Thomas R. Henry A Logical Geography Curriculum............... 147 Ellsworth Huntington The Schools Weathering a Storm................ 149 Charles A. Beard and William G. Carr Vitalized School Journalism.................... 153 The San Diego Exposition..................... 154 Vesta C. Muehleisen The Superintendent and Tenure................ 156 Donald DuShane Your Lite ie Gee GRINS. iis 5c ows Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 The AMERICA’ ‘Student Leaders Have Convention | With Educators PARRAKEE YTE y POLYTEx HNIC HIG SCHOO H HOOL ort Worth, exas, Monday, i; ruary 15, 1935 F Worth, 7 ¥ DL higher than the standards of commer- cial journalism. It believes that instead of merely aping the commercial press, school periodicals have a unique oppor- tunity to set standards of their own in keeping with the educational character of the institutions to which they are responsible. Vitalized School Journalism is the offi- cial organ of the National Association of Student Editors. Since its first issue in September 1934, Vitalized School Jour- nalism has sponsored such projects in school interpretation as the Horace Mann Centennial, the Tercentenary of Second- The Official Publication of the National Association of Student Editors 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET N. W.. WASHINGTON, D. C., MARCH, 1935 VITALIZED SCHOOL JOURNALISM The school periodical enriches every phase of school life. It gives students responsibility. It encourages reading. It builds up selfrespect and sound school spirit. It encourages broad leadership. It fosters the intellectual and artistic life of the school. It sponsors worthy movements. It uni- fies the school. It stands for alert- ness, goodwill, loyalty, love of truth, the use of books, and constructive citizenship. It gives practise in the art of democracy and seifgovernment. It interprets the school to the people in the community. It helps to establish higher ideals of community journal- ism. The school periodical is indis- pensable to the highest cultural de- velopment of the school and the community.— ary Education, federal aid for schools, and American Education Week. Other projects affiliated with the NASE include: the cartoon, printing, student writers, and editorial projects and the commencement, tercentenary, and federal aid packets. For informa- tion concerning these projects, write to the Division of Publications, National Education Association, 1201 16th St., N. W., Washington, D.C. The National Association of Student Editors has met such an important need that a project has been worked out in co- operation with the University of Denver. This project, known as the First Institute of Vitalized School Journalism, will offer a six-weeks course from June 17 to July 24. It will include courses in the supervision of school publications, in educa- tional interpretation, and in technical journalism. Con- ference sessions on vitalized school journalism are to be held in connection with the convention of the NEA at Denver, June 30 to July 5. This Institute will be in charge of C. C. Harvey, assistant director of the Di- vision of Publications of the NEA and executive secre- tary of the National Asso- ciation of Student Editors .. fo HE CALIFORNIA Pacific Interna- <= Exposition will open May 29, 1935, in San Diego. This ex- position is a nonprofit enterprise and is sponsored by civic and business leaders of the state. It is international in scope and therefore will have the support and cooperation of many nations. There is probably no setting in all the world quite so beautiful and adaptable .for an Exposition as vast and picturesque Balboa Park, in the heart of San Diego, with its beautiful arrangement of struc- tures of Old Spanish architecture follow- ing the lines of sixteenth and seventeenth century. Spreading over the wide expanse of the park, from the height of the mesa on which these Exposition structures The pueblo-style Palace of Education: the NEA will have an exhibit here stand, to the bottom of the deepest can- yon, the ground is covered with a thick and picturesque growth, from tropical palm to the hardy pine, from the ravish- ing flowers of the equator to the sturdy specimens which thrive in the land of snow. The purpose of the Exposition is to illustrate the progress of man; to culti- vate a new realization and understand- ing of culture, beauty, science, history, education, the arts, and play; and to foster international goodwill. Contribut- ing to this theme of beauty and culture are: the Museum of Fine Arts, with its priceless treasures of painting and sculp- ture; the Museum of Natural History, the second oldest scientific organization Palace of the Modern Home; House of Hospitality in California; and the San Diego Mu- seum, with anthropological exhibits of inestimable value depicting the physical and cultural development of the human race. Perhaps the most important new unit contributing toward the cultural and ed- ucational features of the Exposition will be the comprehensive Palace of Educa- tion. This building of Indian Pueblo style of architecture will house a most unique exposition of public-school education, outlined by the Director of Education, under the general theme “Education for Good Life.” The large central room, known as the “theme room” will portray in an artistic and animated style the seven objectives of education. Beautiful dioramas and models are being made, which will give allegorial picturization of these objectives. Exhibits thruout the building will show the manner in which these seven principal aims of education are developed thruout the curriculum from kindergarten to the university. Exhibits will also be arranged to demon- strate the following special fields of edu- cation: art, agriculture, music, visual, special, vocational, rural, college, uni- versity, continuation, adult; education for the deaf, blind, and physically handi- capped; and vocational rehabilitation. In connection with adult and continu- ation education, a nursery school will be The Journal of the National Education Association yy AL Colorful byways in the Villages of thefrld: | did Exposition s of third: China, Heidelberg, England, India carried out, under well-qualified man- agement and will be used by Dr. Ger- trude Laws, of the Bureau of Parent Education, as a laboratory for work in parent education. This will be one of the nursery school projects sponsored by the federal government and will be under the capable direction of Mrs. Rebekah Earle, supervisor for this activ- ity in California, with Mrs. Ethel D. Mintzer serving as local expert adviser. Auditorium programs showing various activities of the school child both in the classroom and on the playgrounds will be featured. Also, a most novel and en- tertaining exhibit will be the hobby dis- play. One of the chief factors in the determination of character is the wise use of leisure time. In recognition of this fact, many school principals of the state are already conducting home hobby con- tests or fairs in their schools. Supple- menting this effort and as an additional stimulus thereto, a series of these hobby contests will be held in order to select a hobby to represent each individual school in the Palace of Education. Prizes and medals will be awarded for the most unique hobby in all classes of entries, which will be according to age, classifi- cation, and types of projects. Four important organizations which are allied with education will exhibit in the building: the National Education Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 Golden Gulch, a typical mining camp of the gold rush days of ’49 Association, the National Congress of Parents and Teachers, the California Teachers Association, and the American Association of University Women. Mem- bers of the latter organization will serve as hostesses of the building. The State Board of Education has authorized the State Department of Edu- cation to cooperate with the Director of Education for the California Pacific In- ternational Exposition in every way in order that the ideals and activities of the public schools of the state will be in- terpreted to the best advantage possible. Exhibits in the Palace of Education have been organized in a manner com- prehensive to educator and layman alike and will not only support the highest educational processes and ideals, but will encourage an unswerving allegiance to those principles underlying American public education. A most cordial invitation is extended every member of the National Education Association to attend this Exposition and make his headquarters at the Palace of Education, where appointment and regis- tration books will be maintained. Why not consider this in planning the summer vacation? If you anticipate attending the NEA convention in Denver, have your ticket routed to San Diego, the home of America’s 1935 Exposition —Vesta C. Muehleisen, Director of Education, California Pacific International Expo- sition. Main Street thru Balboa Park 155 The Superintendent and Tenure DoNALD DUSHANE Superintendent of Schools, Columbus, Indiana, and Chairman, Committee on Tenure, National Education Association HE TEACHER TENURE MOVEMENT in "| te United States is of compara- tively recent origin. The first state- wide law extending legal restrictions upon the rights of schoolboards to dis- charge teachers was passed in 1909 by the state of New Jersey. This law pro- vided for a probationary period of three years; discharge of tenure teachers for specified causes only; the right of the teacher to a hearing before the board with witnesses and counsel; and the right to appeal from the board’s decision to the Commissioner of Education. In 1913 Oregon passed a law limited to the largest school districts. In 1914 Massachusetts passed a statewide law applying to superintendents as well as teachers. Montana passed in 1915 a ten- ure law which merely gave teachers con- tinuous contracts which could be termi- nated at the option of the board. In 1917, probably as an outgrowth of wholesale discharge of organized teachers in Chi- cago, the legislature of Illinois passed a tenure law applying only to the city of Chicago. The tenure law of New York was passed in 1919. Then in rapid suc- cession came tenure laws of various types in California, Colorado, Wisconsin, Maryland, Louisiana, Minnesota, In- diana, Pennsylvania, and Nevada. At present there are definitely organ- ized tenure movements in the states of Oklahoma, West Virginia, Ohio, Penn- sylvania, and Michigan. After a long period of agitation by classroom teachers, the National Educa- tion Association at its meeting in San Francisco in 1911, appointed a commit- tee to report on tenure, salaries, and pensions of teachers. In 1915 at Oakland the NEA by resolution unequivocably committed itself to tenure protection for teachers, and has never receded from this position. Since 1923 the NEA has had a separate committee.on tenure. The acceleration of the tenure move- ment has been increased by the depres- sion. A great deal has been said about the injury to the schools resulting from decreased school funds. Very little atten- tion or publicity has been given to the injuries to morale and efficiency of teach- ers resulting from the increasing misuse of the power of many schoolboards to “hire and fire” at will. The following 156 practises are widespread in this country and have been increasingly used during the depression: [1] Discharge of teachers for political rea- sons. [2] Discharge of teachers because of non- residence in the community. [3] Discharge of experienced teachers to make places for cheaper, inexperienced teachers. [4] Discharge of teachers by the elimination of valuable and justifiable subjects and activi- ties. [5] Discharge of teachers to make places for friends and relatives of board members or “in- fluential” citizens. [6] The breaking-down of teacher resistance to reactionary school policies, by the systematic discharge or demotion of teacher-leaders. [7] The discharge of teachers for the pur- pose of increasing the teacher load. As a result of these practises the desire for tenure is rapidly changing into a de- mand for tenure which cannot be quieted by methods which were quite generally successful before 1930. A number of arguments against tenure which have a wide circulation should be examined: It is claimed that under tenure the inefficient teacher cannot be discharged. A careful exami- nation of every statewide tenure law has been made and in every case ample provision has been made for the removal of incompetent teachers. In practise it is necessary to develop certain attitudes and procedures in order to secure the removal of incompetents without possible injurious and unpleasant reactions. A proper and careful use of the probation period should reduce incompetence to a minimum. It is claimed that tenure destroys initiative and desire for professional improvement on the part of classroom teachers. This may be true in individual cases, but several careful in- vestigations show that tenure has exactly the opposite average effect of increasing initiative, summer school attendance, professional im- provement. It is claimed that tenure makes educational leadership difficult and tends to make the super- intendent into a mere figurehead. It is clear that tenure discourages military discipline, dic- tatorship, and control thru fear, but it does require and frequently develop the highest type of leadership on the part of the superintendent. There is space to consider only a few of the current justifications for tenure: It is claimed that without tenure teachers often do not fight for the pro- tection of the schools. This argument is probably valid. It is probable that the schools in the six states having state- wide tenure [ Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Indiana, and California] have suffered less during the depression than any comparable group The Journal of the National Education Association of non-tenure states, and that one of the basic causes of this condition is that the tenure teachers have not been afraid to fight for school support. It is argued that the superintendent cannot, single handed, protect and de- velop a school system. Superintendents need the support of a fearless body of teachers, and tenure makes such support possible. Teachers without tenure are very much handicapped in opposing such practises as overloading classes, eliminating necessary school subjects, unjustifiable cutting of salaries. It is also apparent that the adoption of an actual rather than a theoretical program by the schools for the prepara- tion of students for a changing society can only be possible under the protec- tion of tenure. That there can be no real academic freedom in the public schools without tenure is admitted by most stu- dents of the subject. It is probable that there is no member of the school force so much in need of tenure as the superintendent. The teach- ers hold him responsible for a profes- sional administration of the schools, and the board members expect him to carry out their desires and wishes. He is al- ways under attack from some quarter. That superintendents were not included in most tenure drives was probably due to the fact that a great majority of them were definitely opposed to tenure and that in most of the states where tenure bills were introduced in the legislatures, the classroom teachers worked for ten- ure and numerous superintendents op- posed it. There seems to be an interesting trend at the present time toward includ- ing superintendents under tenure. In both Indiana and Massachusetts super- intendents are under tenure. The effect has apparently been to improve the rela- tionship between administrative and teacher groups and to more easily pre- sent a united front to school enemies. Very definite sentiment exists in a num- ber of states including Louisiana, Colo- rado, Oklahoma, and Michigan in favor of tenure legislation for superintendents as well as teachers. Whether the trend will continue is largely dependent upon the attitude of the Dept. of Superintend- ence and of superintendents in the states where tenure legislation is now pending. Make a Plan ™ w Attach Importance tothe Family Make Worthy Friends Enjoy Your Life OU HAVE grown up in the family. Or if fortune has denied you that happy privilege you have seen other families or you have seen the family spirit in the school. You have observed how people sacrifice and labor and rejoice together be- cause they love one another. You have seen how people in the family circle work together doing for one another without thought of pay. You have observed how the family ties hold and guide and inspire when the weaker ties of the outside world give way. You have seen how skills and graces learned in the home in both work and play give added strength in school and in occupa- tions. The greatest ideal of all the ages—the brotherhood of man—has its roots in family life. In your daily OUR FRIENDS are your larger family. From among them you will choose your wife or your husband. They may become your business and professional associates. Wide friend- ships with people in many walks and ways of life will enrich and broaden your character. Form a few care- fully selected friends among people who are older and wise than you. Choose your friends with care. Prefer people for what they are and not for what they have. You will tend to become like your friends and to be judged by them. Avoid attaching to yourself as friends persons who are intemperate, sensual, quarrelsome, avaricious, extravagant, or ungrate- ful. Our friends are a part of our larger selves. We identify ourselves with their happiness and seek to be worthy of their friendship. These higher loyalties make life rich and AKE UP your mind once and for all that you can be happy and that you are going to be happy. You will do more work, you will mean more to your family and friends, you will have more influence on others if you maintain a happy atti- tude toward life. Happiness is not a matter of wealth or station. It is a matter of temperament and _ will. To be happy does not mean to be self- satisfied or indifferent to wrong and tragedy, but it does mean that you can rise above circumstances, that you can have a part in creating the atmosphere in which your life shall be lived. Begin each day with a kind thought and a word of praise. Do something to help another. Take satisfaction in the goodness and kind- ness that you see in people about you. Notice the beauties of nature. Enjoy the flowers. Listen to the birds. Look We HAVE already done some planning. You have had a daily schedule for study and play. You have chosen the courses you would take in school. You have done some thinking about the great decisions of religion, occupation, and marriage. The two important points in plan- ning are, first, to hold fast to funda- mentals; and second, to look at your life as a whole. Note the lives of people whom you admire for their fine character and _ achievement. What helped them most? What hindered them? What did they ac- complish between 20 and 30? between 30 and 40? and so on thru each of the decades? Study biography. Look up Benjamin Franklin’s method of self improvement in his A utobiogra- phy. Let your plan include adequate provision for each phase of your life. Revise your plan as conditions change. No single order 1201 16th St., N. W., f this leaflet to each of the 1935 graduates. | iation, Associ ion 1 Educat 100 or more copies, $1 per 100. iona ’ 2¢ each life and plans seek to build up and B enrich family life. significant. a up at the sky and the stars, Planning is the way to freedom. : g [8] [9] : [12] [5] é 2 5 » z eee ee Pere ee a 3} z ih } on [1] [91] Ks [ e1 ] [+ ] ‘IANJUIAPD YS1Y 04 IBUIJVYI [VULII UD St JIU 199K AOL YIADIS BY J, *4SOUL JUNOI jvys sSuryy ayy uo purus anok daax Of St quamaaa1iyIv fo jasIaS IY], ALVNGVUSD stél AHL OL AOVSSAW S.YOLIGA NV ENN SUTRA OY} Ut ‘> ‘q ‘uo ulyseM UONDIIOSS FY UONDINPY JDUOYDAT ay} fo pouanor JOVIpY ‘NVOAOJY AAWTY AOL ‘901NOS S}I UBY} JaYySsIY OU asid ued UOIRZIIAID “aq O} S}uvay Jey} UI PaUIUJajap ate ABpoO} JO YNOA ayy YSTYM UIWOM PUP UU JO pury 9Yy} UO spuadap of61 ul aaey |]eys aM ArjUNOD jo pury 943 puy ‘aaey 0} daaAdas -ap aM yey} OS61 url ArjUNOD jo puly ay} sary [[eYs 9A ‘JaJOeIeYD pue ‘aui[drosipj[as Ino ‘aArzeIZIUT INO ‘{[Tys ino ‘auaZt]JoUI Ino—saajasino uodn puadap pua ay} UT YsnUt ‘aji] Jo aoua] -[9ox9 Jaysiy e pue ‘aosnf sazie] & ‘JapJO MIU B OUI PIPMIOJ OF ]]eYS 9K JayWwYyA ‘IAeY NOA UOT}eUTUIa}ap ay} [je pue ‘]]IMpoos ay} je ‘YyIeeY ay} j[e@ pseu |jIMm nox ‘urejdwioo 0} poos ou op ]|IM yt ‘aq Aeuw suor}Ip -UOd Z[NOYJIp MOY JO peq Moy Ja}}eUI ON ‘J[asinoA uo spuadap aui0d3no 24} yey}? Joqwiowoal *ATIVNIA hg ‘Ayiueuiny pue ‘awoy inoA ‘jJ9SInoA 10] sjeapt asay} 0} Jsey POH] "nOA O} [RIAD | [IM BSUBS UOWIUOD UMO InoA YSIYM sjeJUIWepUNY UTe}II9 a1e 2194} 3nq Asessadau aie UOT}eydepe pue Ajyiqrxay aj] jo ssury? 31331] Auevul uJ ‘‘sa0p pjJOM ay} se Op Jsnul noA }eyy noA |[a} Aeur ajdoad awiog ‘yy3ualjs Jsowjn 3nOA YUM yYoPed no ayew Jou pip Aay} ji s[eapt aq jou pinom Asyy ‘sjeapt anoA jo 4soys [[VJ NOA sautjJawOs JI paseinoosip aq JOU OG =‘JUAaWAAITYOR INOA JO 9DUI| -]99X9 BY} DUTWIAJap |[LM sjeapt 1noA jo Aqyenb ayy ‘ayy ynonsyy Nod YUM Avjs JIM ADYT = “Ja}ORIeYO WHOJ pue sziqey OUI MOIZ [IM S[BapI asay | ‘way} JO} paloqe;] pue paoyliors ‘way} 0} pay aAey NOX “noA OJ Ivap uvaq aAPY s[eapl UIeyaD “YyoInyo ay} jo al] ay} UT JO ‘sJayove} pue sapeIwod InNOA JO SAAT] BY} UT ‘aWOY inoA UI a2uaNnyUT JIay} Usvas sAPeY aAey sjeapr veya MONM NO A “OATIPIIUT pue ‘uorjzeu -13eul ‘[]IMpoos ‘ASiaua sasnbat 3] ‘MOJO BSuryooim ayy Aq Ing aq jou “ued JP 0 *UOTIOR BAI}ONIJSUOD pue Bul -yury aarqisod jO [Nsal ay SI WajsAs e1oos B 10 DUTY B JO aj] B JO Bur -pjing [eal sy], *s}ajap 10J Buryoo] Ajasaut Aq payoras aq JOUURD adUaTIID -Xq ‘Sainjrey anoA aaoqge asny *Asva IWOIaq []IM Js1Yy 7B I[NIYJIp waas yey} sSuryy 4 ‘“Suryjawos oq “py ‘ulseq ing ‘Jo ysaq ay} ayeU puUe ydadoR ysnur noA yorym sdeoipuey ‘3991109 ued noA yoy ssurwmoszyoys puy [LMA nox ‘yusijs jo sjuiod snoA pue ‘suorjzeywy anoA ‘syns anoA ‘spuary InoA ‘aa NOA YSTYA UT pooysoqysieu ay} JO BUaNYUT ay} ‘YyIZeaM JO Yor] JO yyeIM INOA ‘ayy aWIOY INOA ‘pooy -pjiy9 anoA ‘yy41Iq anoA jo savueR}s -WNdJI9 8Yy} Japisuoy = ‘ UOT} eN}IS JnOA JO a}eUIIJsa UR aye “JfasanoA MOUM ‘SI 31 se ysnf{ ayy UMO INOA jO pjoy aye} 0} Aqyiqe snoA aq [JIM aUaTYJoIUI INOA JO LSaL AH 3¢ each ies, d by cash. Many schools will wish to give a copy o leaflet form, may be secured from the Nat panie in 25-49 cop ing prices he Making,” follow [Copies of “Your Life in t under 50¢. All orders under $1 must be accom Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 Washington, D C., at “'« 4} . “t xX S]DIPT ANOX Of SV. PjOH apy NOX sd yf uisIg_ PAOMAOY BUIOL) SS SD SS Se SoS Se Gee eS ce cee ee cee ees ees ee eee eee ee eee oe Fit po — Third—Fold away from this line | | | | | | | | Gorng Out into the World ou of the graduating class of 1935 —and there are more than a mil- lion of you coming out of the highschools and colleges—are going out into a high- ly transitional world. Confusion, dis- couragement, and conflict are every- where. Shall your coming merely add another million to the mass of unem- ployed? Shall you worry away your energy in idleness and complaint? Or shall your coming mean a new stream of vitality, courage, and intelligence flow- ing into the currents of the national life? Whether it shall mean the one or the other depends in the end upon you. Sound personal habits, disciplined minds, trained skills, and constructive citizenship will tell in the end. Deter- mine to build a life worthy the best in yourself and in your country. Here are a few suggestions that will help you to geta start. Read them again and again. [2] [4] *99UI][9OXa ure} NOA [UN Youd ze FIOM pure J9Yy}0 “ue 19}je []EYS VUO asoOyD ‘*YyII0M jo asuas & pue Aof saaid [[iyg ‘astovid peureysns Aq padojaaap aq ues Aayy ‘S[[PIS []@ a1e asay, =Zyoeeds ev aye ¢3unjsour eB JIAO apisaig ~¢4I0OM Joy uorjeoydde AsojoRysizes & aye] 2UW9Y} DAL} JO SUOIJAIIPIAINH gpuey -ysoys ayey gazumadA} nod ue) gawoy ay} ynoge siredas ayepy gjseu RoAUGQ] gpreoge MEG spaq JaMOoY e ayeur noA uey 2303pnq & aye eAqeq & ssaiqV 2a[qe} & Jas NOA ue) ¢Ajayes 189 B BALIp NOA ueD Za0Uep nod uey gqueuwnijsur ue Avid ¢3uis noA ue 4 A10}s B ]]9} NOA UD gasiod pue asea yim yyeM NOA UPD Z9910A Buisvajd e UI UOI}ESIZAUOD PB urequrew nNoA ue> “SMOTJAJ SIY BUOW Avjd ued ay yey} yed ay} ‘ureiq 40 spuey siy yin Op ue 3 yeyUmM ‘s! ey }eYM—j]asuIy Ul SI sey uUosJed Aue jey} Lassv IsaLlvauo a § Keep on Learning 6 te MIND is like a muscle. It grows strong with use. Do something every day to discipline your mind. Undertake a hard task. Find a way out of some difficulty. Learn to estimate and criticise your own work. Allow time for daily reading. Give less time to news- papers and more to books. Ask your strongest teachers, the librarian, or your pastor to suggest books to read or buy. Spend at least as much for books as you do for movies. In- clude biography, history, poetry, science, and current affairs. Avoid the trivial and the vulgar. What goes into the mind comes out in the life. Select what goes into your mind as carefully as you do the food that nourishes your body. Your mind is the master key to the good life. The first mark of a student is an appre- ciation of the worth of his own mind. [15] [or] ‘ayy anoA Adnoo0 pure srs dojaa -ap [IM Jey} AyuNuIWIOD JO ‘YyoINYys ‘jooyss ‘awoy UI Sat}yIAIZOR 1993 -UNJOA pul ‘aurjdiosipjjas pue uol} -eredaid anoA anuiuos ‘Ajajeripaul -wt JuauAojduia puy youu. NOA JT ¢3u1}9a1109 paau s}jney yey Zs}urod Zuoijs InoA ase yey Zastidisjua MaU sUOs dojaAap 0} 10 ‘YOM Jo BUT] MIU JUWIOS VyRJJapuN 0} ‘JfasinoA 10J qof e& ayeul 0} aArjerqur pue Ajinuas -UI 394} NOA dARTY Zsuor}aIIP 3NO A1re9 03 ‘ajdoad yz Zuoye 333 02 Jlas -InoA paurel} NOA aARPY 231 puy noA aouo gof e& poy 03 Moy Mouy Nod Og gu 403 Ajdde 0} pue golf e 10; yoo] 0} Moy MOUY NOA OG ZaUOp Jue s19y}0 ey Op NOA uKd Jey ‘2! 0} UOTJeIaI ANOA JO YUTY} OF pu aUOp SI YJOM S,PJIOM 9Yy} MOY VArasqO 0} Ajiva 00} ulgaq Jouuvs NOX “xIOM §,P[J0M ay} Ur jyied InoA dAvy O} pue AeM UMO INOA UIea OF JUBA [ITM Ajinzeuwl oJur uMOIZ Zuraey eA Make Your Influence Count OU HAVE an influence on others. Because of what you do or say or the way you act, the life of some- one else will be different. A passing word, a look of approval or disap- proval may change the current of a life. Your influence may build up or tear down. It may spread joy or gloom. It may create harmony or discord. It may encourage the evil forces about you or the good forces. It may support ideals or weaken them. It may allow bad government or create and sustain good govern- ment. It may elevate or degrade taste. It may encourage intelligence or stupidity. The social, morai, intellectual, and esthetic climate of your community is made by the in- fluence which various people exert on the common life. Make some effort each day to be helpful. Your influence will grow with use, and your own sense of values will grow with it. [ 14] [11] ‘agorgsnf pue ‘Aduaryya ‘Aysauoy UO jsISUT [[IM OYM UdIOM pue uau soyjo oyqnd ur urequreyy ‘y10M pue ‘Apnjs ‘aziuesigQ ‘s10q -ysrau anoA yyM Aep ay} Jo sansst ay} ssnosiq] ‘quem noA AijzUNOD ke jo pury zeym jjasinoA ysy ‘oneI9 -OUWlap sea] UIaq SeY FI DIBYM JSIOM s}t }7@ pue dIeID0WIap ysouI Useq sey }I aJayM jsaq S}I }e SI OjI] ued -awy = ‘aoyloes pue AjyjeAo] nay} Ajuo [eal apew aq ued uUoI}e1ad009 pue ‘Ayunzioddo ‘Ajyenba ‘wop -901j JO S[BapIs}] ‘paAsasaid aq Jsnu Adei0ulaq] «*juauT}UOD }e913 B DAO peaids sey uoneu ay} se AdeID0W -ap jo [apr sty? 02 pjey sey uone -19U93 Burpsaoons yoey ‘ayly vow -WO9 1194} UIZAOS PNOM YSIYA sme] ay} dYVUI P[NOM puke sadlasulay} ajn4 pinom ajdoed ay} yoIyM ur uorjeU B JOJ SUOT}EpUNOJ dy} pre] sdyr1I9Ks ysajvaid 3Y}2 pluie siay}ejas0} iInoX ‘AdeiN0WIap B UI AAIT NO To the 1935 Graduate [1] BEGIN WHERE YOU ARE [2] MAKE A PLAN [3] KEEP YOURSELF FIT [4] DEVELOP YOUR SKILLS [5] ATTACH IMPORTANCE TO THE FAMILY [6] MAKE WORTHY FRIENDS [7] EARN YOUR OWN WAY [8] BE LOYAL TO YOUR COUN- TRY [9] ENJOY YOUR LIFE [10] HOLD FAST TO YOUR IDEALS [11] MAKE YOUR INFLUENCE COUNT [12] KEEP ON LEARNING [3] [9] *y}3uaI3s pur 031A JO S90INOS ay} aie asayT = ‘“UIeJUNOU pue ‘jsoloj ‘eas JO UII} a1OU puTy -UBUT 9A13 [JIM SINOY ZurysOM J1azI0Ys sdeyiag ‘s}saiajur jo Ajauiva & pue ‘11@ Ysarj ‘asioraxa Aq Jasyo oq jsnur YIYyM afl] JoOpur ArejUapas & 0} ssou “3y jeotsAyd jo jy3no0y} 9/331] pasmb “81 YSIYM djl] JOOP-jO-3nO dare ue woiy Aepo} Ajijims Burssed st ue ‘UOIse}UOD puke UOTajUI ploay "Way? OF pjoy pue NOA 4OJ Ysaq aie 9S1919X9 ‘}sai ‘spooj}eEyM MOUY “jas -ino& Apnjg ‘A3iaua jejuau 30 [eo -1sAyd [ead no jo Juadsad O1 uaaa asn sn jo May ‘uorjoe Aq Y33UaI}s pjing "$1940 103 ABM ay} Uado [LM ssouyeaM MoU YeI pUe jjasinoA uPY} ssa] aq [IM NOX = ‘ajiy] [euorZOWS ANOA 310}sIp pue purur snoA OJUI MOY |[][IM suOIs -saidult jnjured pue Zurjoeisip jo ulval}s @ ‘paseasip JO yeam st Apoq 7Y SB jjosinoA daay 0} ANINUALA Cd The Journal of the National Education Association Ju SfISANO X Jay A4guno’) ANOX 04 JVKO'T 9g SPAS NOL Jo]a-2C] MOA UO snOX WAY SE6T fo ssvj2 Suyonpvsd yy fonof \ SUIMLOIT uo Joo ‘apsnul & ayI] St GNIN Hy By a ‘S49430 UO soOUsNYUI UP AAVH NO Z \ TY ae ee fee HYONPVLL) CEGOT 24 OL == 7 tion P7404 IY 2 Of JNQ) Fusogp) JUNOT) 2IUINYUT 4NO{ ayPW “Molly Pitcher fired off a cannon, but there have been greater hero- ines since,” says Milton MacKaye, point- ing to the courage of public-school teach- ers who work in city slums. He writes in the Saturday Evening Post for April 6: “Children must go to school; the law requires it. And a school must have teach- ers. America has long accepted as a hero- ine the pioneer schoolmistress. . . . A heroine she was, but heroines are not all dead. Some of them teach in gangland .. . trying against overwhelming odds to dissolve the dangerous lumps in the melting pot.” Mr. MacKaye tells of one teacher in New York City who, after five years’ service, counts among her former pupils thirty boys who are now in Sing Sing. She teaches in a tall brick building sur- rounded by tenements and factories. Twenty-six hundred children are crowded into this schoolhouse, designed for seven hundred fewer. Eighty percent of the families in the district are on relief. Few of the parents are American born; most of them are illiterate; at best they are indifferent to education and at worst they are suspicious and combative. The older boys who are held in school by compul- sory attendance laws are likely to be full- fledged apprentices in crime, who can be handled only by tact, and even then are dangerous. Mr. MacKaye tells one ab- sorbing story after another of the prob- lems in human relations which this teacher must meet. He comments: “Tt is a little difficult to graft ideals on youngsters who come from homes where criminality is often a common- place and cynicism a normal way of thinking. They are born to dangerous realities, and a knowledge that life is a jungle where the wolf eats the rabbit. Government is to them the cop on the corner; government is also the ward politician who knows the judge.” How does a teacher find courage to stay in such a school? The work is dis- heartening; many of the children have no desire to learn. And yet, says Mr. MacKaye, “The job presents a challenge that gets the dander up: There must be some way to beat that antisocial back- ground.” These embattled teachers are sticking to their jobs. They may yet win. Ts Rep Brick ScHOOLHOUSE— Free Inquiry or Dogma?P— “Scholarship is under fire today from many directions,” says James B. Conant, president of Harvard, writing in the April Atlantic Monthly. Some of the criticism comes from those who have ac- Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 be but one answer to the question when put in this form. Social forces over which we have no control may conceivably sub- merge the entire learned world, but whether or not we go down fighting may be of vital significance to a subsequent generation. A common unifying faith is implicit in all the labors of those who are sincerely devoted to the creative activi- ties of the human mind. This is no time to minimize that faith; on the contrary, we should be well advised to make it more militant.” Freedom and the Child—The phi- losophy of the progressive schools is not that of John Dewey, as many have sup- posed, says Grace Adams. Writing in Scribner’s for March, this psychologist claims that the new education is based on the work of Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, and Alfred Adler, dis- coverer of the inferiority complex. She continues: “Since the guiding principle of psychoanalysis .. . is the hypothesis that severe repressions in childhood cause the most serious maladjustments of later life, the progressive educators, subscrib- ing wholeheartedly to these doctrines, evolved the logical corollary—that a child who has never been repressed at all will develop into the most normal and effective type of adult.” But Miss Adams says that children need a sense of stability and security more than they need unlimited freedom. “The most glamorous and exciting fig- ures in the child’s own conception of the universe are the strong and mighty grownups who, so he believes, control this universe. And the child’s true ‘inner nature’ craves the presence of such sure and purposeful creatures far more than it does artistic surroundings, attractive playthings, and the opportunity to be- have as it wishes... . “The progressive educators deserve a great deal of credit for their sincere cru- sade in the interest of the ‘inner nature’ of the child. But now, when few really modern children are in any danger of being too rudely repressed or too cruelly inhibited, the time has come for both teachers and parents to take a less ro- mantic and a more factual view of this same inner nature. They need to realize that the normal boy or girl is neither an artist, a rebel nor a scientist, but a some- what uncertain and puzzled youngster trying very earnestly to discover what this world is like and how he should be- have in relation to it.” An Evening with the Magazines cepted a final picture of the universe and object to the disconcerting results of in- quiry. Criticism also comes from social reformers who have a fixed set of ideas which they believe to be essential to the salvation of their nation; they ask the educational system to propagate these ideas without questioning them. But the great mass of the people have not taken the offensive against scholarship, altho they are raising searching questions. Mr. Conant recognizes the validity of some of the criticism of higher education, but be- lieves that on the whole the universities can defend their record. The university must make plain the extent of its service in the past. The task is made difficult by the fact that scholars have studied everything except the rec- ord of their own work. But studies can and should be made which will show how the spirit of free inquiry, with its refusal to accept dogmatic beliefs as final, has contributed to the advance of civiliza- tion. “Without a widespread appreciation of what the creative human spirit has accomplished,” says: Mr. Conant, “the forward advance will always be subject to the danger of being halted by a mob demanding dogma, not discussion, and crying for a ‘moratorium on research.’ ” The fundamental issue raised by the hostile critic, Mr. Conant believes, is this: “Is the next generation to find its values in some closed system of thought now complete or in the process of com- pletion, or will it push ahead with crea- tive work, unshaken in its faith in man’s intelligence? To all friends of learning and to all lovers of real liberty there can —Hazel Davis, Educational Re- search Service, NEA. 159 pete LAKE LouIsE, with its background of snow-crested peaks is a typical scene of the Rockies, parts of which the Indians with poetic eloquence called “the land of shining mountains.” For camping, fishing, and health-building rest and recreation, these majestic ranges may conveniently be reached by the teachers who attend the Denver convention of the National Education Association, June 30-July 5, 1935. 160 The Journal of the National Education Association The Denver Convention HE PRO- GRAMS which Pres- ident Henry Les- ter Smith is pre- paring for the 73rd annual con- vention of the NEA, June 30- July 5, will meet the high com- mendation of those who wish to see each session held to the line of a single purpose. The meetings of the Rep- resentative Assembly will be devoted solely to the business of the Association, no outside speakers being introduced ex- cept on the Wednesday morning sched- ule, when business deliberations will close at the end of the first hour and the re- mainder of the session be devoted to a panel discussion of The Needs of Youth. _ Wednesday evening six separate ses- sions will be held, each devoted to a single topic to be discussed in jury-panel. All general sessions will be brief. Only two speakers are scheduled on each of the three evening meetings devoted to ad- dresses. A conference of laymen in which schoolboard members are to be repre- sented will attract many friends of edu- cation outside the profession. Underwood & Underwood President Smith TENTATIVE PROGRAMS OF GENERAL SESSIONS {The program is incomplete because some par- ticipants who have been invited have not yet been heard from] Sunday, June 30, 5:00 p.m., Vesper Service Address—Francis J. McConnell, Resident Bishop, The Methodist Episcopal Church, New York, N. Y. (Monday, July 1, 9:00 a.m., General Session Addresses of Welcome—Mrs. Inez Johnson Lewis, state supt. of public instruction, Colo- ado, and Hon. Edwin C. Johnson, Governor of €olorado ‘Respanse to Addresses of Welcome—Jesse H. Newlan, Lincoln School, Teachers College, Columbia University Pane] Discussion—Needs of Adult Education— Members of the panel: J. W. Studebaker, U. §. Commissioner of Education, chairman ; Marguerite Burnett, state director of adult education, Wilmington, Del.; Linda Eastman, librarian, Cleveland Public Library; Mrs. B. F. Langworthy, president, National Con- -gress of Parents and Teachers, Winnetka, III; Florence Hale, past president, NEA, editor, The Grade Teacher, New York, N. Y.; N. D. {Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 Showalter, state supt. of schools, Olympia, Wash. Monday, July 1, 5:30 p.m., Life Membership Dinner in honor of J. W. Crabtree, secre- tary-emeritus of the NEA Monday, July 1, 8:15 p.m., General Session Address—Henry Lester Smith, president of the NEA, dean, School of Education, University of Indiana Tuesday, July 2, 9:00 a.m., The Representative Assembly—Business Session Tuesday, July 2, 9:00 a.m., General Session Address—William H. Kilpatrick, Teachers Col- lege, Columbia University Address—A. J. Stoddard, president, Depart- ment of Superintendence, and supt. of schools, Providence, R. I. Tuesday, July 2, 8:00 p.m., General Session Address—Hon. Edward P. Costigan, U. S. Sen- ator from Colorado Address—John H. Finley, associate editor, New York Times Wednesday, July 3, 9:00 a.m., The Representa- tive Assembly and General Session Business Session—one hour. Panel Discussion—Needs of Youth—two hours. Members of the panel: C. S. Marsh, Amer- ican Council on Education; Goodwin Wat- son, Teachers College, Columbia University ; LeRoy E. Cowles, University of Utah; Er- nest D. Lewis, secretary, NEA Department of Secondary Education, New York, N. Y.; Katharine F. Lenroot, director, Children’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor; Robert N. Bush, president, Student Body, Colorado State College of Education, Greeley Wednesday, July 3, 8:00 p.m.,—Six Panel Dis- cussion Groups Academic Freedom—Members of the panel: Mrs. F. Blanche Preble, teacher, Chicago, chairman; Emily Tarbell, teacher, Syracuse, N. Y.; Arvie Eldred, secretary, New York State Teachers Assn.; H. M. Corning, supt. of schools, Colorado Springs, Colo.; John R. Nichols, executive dean, Southern Branch, University of Idaho, Pocatello Economic Status of the Teacher—Members of the panel: B. R. Buckingham, Boston, Mass., chairman; Cornelia Adair, elementary school principal, Richmond, Va.; Georgia Aiken, teacher, Cincinnati, Ohio; Sara Ewing, teacher, Indianapolis; J. V. Breitwieser, Uni- versity of North Dakota The Teacher as a Citizen—Members of the panel: Harold Hand, Stanford University, Calif., chairman; Kate Frank, president, Oklahoma Classroom Teachers Assn., Mus- kogee; Daisy Lord, president, NEA Depart- ment of Classroom Teachers, Waterbury, Conn.; M. Emma Brookes, president, NEA Department of Elementary School Principals, Cleveland, Ohio; L. Pearle Hibarger, county supt. Yakima, Wash. Education’s Oldest Challenge: Character— Members of the panel: A. L. Threlkeld, supt. of schools, Denver, chairman; Charles Rice, supt. of schools, Portland, Ore.; R. C. T. Jacobs, elementary school principal, Dallas, Texas; Lois Coffey Mossman, Teachers Col- lege, Columbia University; Lee Kirkpatrick, supt. of schools, Paris, Ky.; Faye Read, teacher, Pueblo, Colo.; Edythe J. Brown, elementary principal, South Bend, Ind. Credit Unions—Members of the panel: Roy F. Bergengren, managing director, Credit Unions National Association, Boston, Mass., chair- man; C. R. Orchard, Farm Credit Adminis- tration, Washington, D. C.; J. D. Williams, principal, Avondale School, Birmingham, Ala. ; L. A. Pinkney, manager, Teachers Credit Union, Kansas City, Mo.; Georgia Parsons, president, Los Angeles Teachers Credit Union The Teacher’s Health—Members of the panel: Thomas D. Wood, Teachers College, Colum- bia University, chairman; Mary D. Barnes, secretary, NEA Department of Classroom Teachers, Elizabeth, N. J.; Isabel L. Eckles, supt. of schools, Santa Fe, N. Mex. Thursday, July 4, 9:00 a.m., The Representa- tive Assembly—Business Session Thursday, July 4, 9:00 a.m., General Session Address—F. B. Knight, University of Iowa Address—F rederick M. Hunter, chancelor, Uni- versity of Denver Thursday, July 4, 8:00 p.m., General Session Address—Hon. Paul V. McNutt, Governor of Indiana Report of Elections Committee and Introduc- tion of the New President Friday, July 5—Entertainment under the Aus- pices of Colorado Convention Committee A new type of education takes its place in convention discussions at the Denver meeting when the educational advisers of the CCC Camps will meet in conference under the direction of L. W. Rogers, edu- cational adviser of the Eighth Corps Area, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, and a former officer of the NEA. While the formal program will close with the Thursday evening general ses- sion, Friday will be devoted to en- tertainment planned by the teachers of Den- ver and Colo- rado. Arrange- ments for these activities are be- ing carried out by an all-state com- mittee of which Superintendent A.L. Threlkeld is chairman. Superintendent Threlkeld 161 Come to THOUSAND vacation delights await A teachers who attend the 73rd annual convention of the National Education Association at Denver, June 30-July 5. Auto- mobile highway, railroad, bus, and airplane, each has its peculiar advantages. Those who expect to visit the national parks should write to the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C., for a free copy of “Glimpses of Our National Parks.” Because of the great variations in rates via the several routes, complete information should be sought thru local railroad agents. Summer excursion tickets to Denver will be lower than the usual convention rates. /dentification cer- tificates will not be used. The map on the oppo- site page shows the routes of western railroads, and will be of help in planning tours. Tickets to Denver and return may be obtained to include practically any of the summer play- grounds. The Canadian Pacific features Lake Louise and Banff. A four- or six-day stop-over there, including hotel accommodations and a 142- mile motor trip, may be had at additional cost. This railroad joins with the Canadian National in suggesting a side trip to Alaska. The Canadian National offers trips thru Canada’s Rockies to Vancouver and Victoria, thence north to Prince Rupert by steamer on the sheltered fiords of the Pacific. This per- mits a seven-day stop-over at Jasper Park. Glacier National Park lies on the route of the Great Northern. One- to four-day tours may be taken thru the Park. These include an automobile ride over the spectacular Going- to-the-Sun highway. Many persons proclaim Denver this highway the most scenic in America. The Northern Pacific is one of the gateways to Yellowstone, land of geysers, rainbow- colored terraces, boiling pools, wild animals, mountains, lakes, rivers, and waterfalls. Yel- lowstone is so near’to Denver that conven- tioners may make a side trip to this wonder of the world at relatively small expense. The Northwestern-Union Pacific offers two post-convention tours. The first, of nine days, includes Estes Park and the Rocky Mountain National Park. A fourteen-day tour includes Yellowstone, Salt Lake City, Royal Gorge, and Colorado Springs. The tourist may continue westward to the Yosemite National Park among the Sierras. The Northwestern-Union Pacific’s special NEA convention folder will interest delegates. The NEA convention bulletin of the Rock Island is replete with suggestions. This line features the vacation points nearest the con- vention city, such as Colorado Springs, Mani- tou, the unique Garden of the Gods, Cave of the Winds, Seven Falls, North and South Cheyenne Canyons. From Colorado Springs is easy access to Pikes Peak, without a climb or ride to the top of which, the Denver trip is but half a Colorado visit. Tours by way of the Santa Fe will feature the Grand Canyon, the Petrified Forest, and the Painted Desert. Denver is at the threshold of the Southwest where delegates may visit historic Old Santa Fe, the Indian pueblos, and relics of the first men in America. To some, the dude ranches of Arizona will appeal. Key to photos: [1] Old Faithful [2] Seven Falls [3] Yel- lowstone Falls [4] Royal Gorge [5] Mountain Tops [6] Lake McDonald [7] Road to Pikes Peak [8] Grand Canyon The Journal of the National Education Association w- der ire nd Id sit 1d he el- tke in A vacation suggestion of the Milwau- kee Road is a tour to Yellowstone Park which includes Salt Lake City and Colo- rado Springs. By way of this route conventioners may visit Seattle, Mt. Rainier, Mt. Baker, and Alaska. The Burlington Route features excur- sions to the Black Hills, Yellowstone and Glacier Parks. The Royal Gorge and Moffatt Tunnel are on the route of the Denver and Rio Grande from Denver to Salt Lake City and the West. Those who wish may include the Panama Canal or Hawaii or Alaska. The steamers of the Panama Pacific Line re- turn thru the Canal with a stop-over at glamorous Havana. Cool trails beneath the midnight sun will tempt some to ALBE Dy ASPER VAC T.RoBson <2 AT. PARK MB PARK Tae F "at Slee Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 RTA Alaska via the Alaska Steamship Co. Other teachers will wish to combine with the convention a period of serious professional study. Many educational opportunities are available in Colorado and the West. The University of Den- ver, in addition to its regular graduate and undergraduate courses, is offering special summer features. A combination of vacation and sum- mer school may be found at the Univer- sity of Colorado, Boulder, where organ- ized hikes, week-end outings, visits to glaciers, automobile excursions, moun- tain climbing may be enjoyed. Inter- mission from July 1 to July 5 makes the combination of the NEA convention and the summer school a practical one. At Colorado College, Colorado Springs, wy i ? A SASKA@CHEWA tet ceanrrd wae : oe oevunspowss a wat. bon ‘vewee cave } MAT. won, DA Ke Wy rate ie a faculty of national prominence will offer eight-week courses in graduate and undergraduate instruction. Sixty-five miles from Denver on paved highways near the mountains and vaca- tion playgrounds is located the Colorado State College at Fort Collins. Here three short terms will enable the stu- dent to select a summer course of a length suited to his convenience. Readers may consult the advertising columns of THE JoURNAL for additional information regarding railroad trips and educational opportunities that may be combined with the Denver convention. Such information may be obtained also from M. E. Rowley, Denver Convention Bureau. Hotel accommodations are fully described on another page in this issue. I * Jinn peg | \\ ‘ I 163 | Sie a Cities over 100,000 Cities 30,000 to 100,000 Cities 10,000 to 30,000 in population in population } in population Median salaries | Median salaries | Median salaries Num- paid:? | Num- | paid :? | Num- paid :? | ber of | ber of ae | ber of Rees | city ‘ | city | 7 city | " | school le- . school | le- | yy; school le- ; sys- mentary- = sys- (mentary-)| po | Ssys- (mentary- be ar tems‘ | school | teach. | tems' | school | teach. | tems' | school | 4.,-n- | teach- an | teach- ost | teach- —— ers |} ers | ers‘ 2 3 4 5 6 7 | 8 y 10 United States... 90 (93); $1922 | $2436 196 (233)| $1412 | $1834 (460 (670)) $1231 | $1603 | | | | | Alabama 1 (1)} 1282 | 1653 | 1 (2)}—1000 | 1275 Sf —— Arizona 0 (0) 2 (2)| 1378 2000 0 (O)|.. Arkansas 0 (0) . 2 (2)}—1000 1417 S £00..; : Zs California... . 5 (5)| 2156 | 2470 | 12 (12)| 1856 2407 | 22 (28)| 1579 2093 Pere 1 (1)| 1986 2349 3 (3)| 1389 1700 | 5 (S)} 1225 | 1440 Connecticut... 2 (3)| 1839 2470 6 (7)| 1646 2052 | 6 (16)|.... Delaware. 1 (1)} 1810 1957 0 (0)} 0 (0)|.. District of C olumbia} 1 (1)| 2034 2645 0 (0)| O.. Ol.... Florida. : 2 (3)|}—1000 1071 0 (2)| 2 (9) a Georgia. eo busine dena 1 (1) 1377 1797 3 (4)| 1129 1553 5 (10)| 773 | 1088 Idaho....... 0 (0) 1 eS a: 3 | 1 (2)| 1293 1675 SIMON. 2 oo 0s 2 (2) 1932 2796 18 (21)} 1328 1802 | 34 (39)| 1056 | 1448 Indiana..... 5 (5) 1549 1991 7 (8); 1265 | 1617 15 (21)| 1137 1500 ae 1 (1)| 1515 1863 7 (7)| 1228 | 1570 | 10 (14)| 1095 1416 pS Pee ee eee s te 1418 1632 & €h 1608 1919 12 (17) 990 1375 | | | | pane - - 7S 1 (1) 1249 1877 2 (3) 1444 1838 5 (9) | 902 1143 Louisiana. 1 (1)} 1402 1739 0 (2)} S tae. . af Maine..... 0 (0)).. ‘ 2 (2)| 1346 1659 | 7 (8)} 1026 1355 Maryland. % 1 (1) 1669 2278 2 (2)| 1096 1319 3S 3) 1061 1278 Massz achusetts ee 9 (9) 1834 2351 17 (20) 1551 2000 36 (44)| 1425 1792 | Michigan........ 3 (3)| 1844 2450 | 11 Minnesota... 3 (3) 1577 2062 0 Mississippi... . 0 (O)).. ‘ 2 Missouri. . 2 (2)) 1810 2448 3 Montana...... So ce... wr dear 1 Salaries Paid in City School Systems in 1934-1935 ae by the Research Division of the National Education Association] Nebraska. . (1)} 1530 1824 | 1 Nevada. 0 (© 0 New Hampshire. . 0 (0) | 2 New Jersey 6 (6)| 1912 2731 | 15 New Mexico... 0 © coe 0 | New York a 7 (7)| 2818 3418 | 15 North Carolina 0 (0) | 3 North Dakota... 0 (0)) 0 ae 8 (8)| 1624 2043 | 13 PINS 6:00 ance 2 2) 1454 1825 | 1 CS hig cis cited 1 1752 1916 0 Pennsylvania..... 5 (S)} 1931 2831 14 Rhode Island... .. , Gl 6ata7 2321 3 South Carolina... 0 (0) Se 2 South Dakota...... S Bcnsins 1 Tennessee... 3 (a)| 1064 1701 0 SS SS ee 5 (5) 1385 1801 7 Utah... ae 1 (1)| 1493 1776 1 Vermont.... 0 (O)|.. ie 0 ere 2 (2)} 1185 | 1800 4 Washington.... 3 (3)| 1586 1830 2 West Virginia 0 (0)}.. ; He 1 Wisconsin 1 (2)] 2225 2464 9 Wyoming 0 (0) emi ied 0 | (1) HIS table summarizes the find- ings of the Research Division’s biennial survey of salaries paid city school employees. The survey this year included 1989 cities and upwards of 400,000 school employees. Data given in this table show how varied conditions are, with respect to teach- ers’ salaries, in various parts of the United States and in cities of vary- ing populations. They also give gen- eral median salaries for the United States as a whole. In using median figures of this type two cautions should be borne in mind. First, any average, by its very nature, fails to reveal extreme conditions. The medians given for any state or for the United States simply mean that approximately one-half of the teach- ers covered in the survey receive less than the salaries indicated and the (13)} 1328 | 1693 | 17 (26)| 1151 1530 (0)|.. 9 (11)) 1244 1591 (2)| —1000 1055 5 (11)... 4 (3)| —1000 1315 | 10 (11)| 993 1348 (1)} 1401 | 1672 > “GOL... ap (1)] 1128 | 1278 4 (6)| 1030 1403 (0)|.. 1 (1)| 1425 1782 (2)| 1540 2030 6 (8)| 1155 1590 (18)| 1975 2516 | 34 (42)| 1457 1859 es eee 2 (3)| 1261 1567 (16) | 1822 2225 | 38 (49)| 1701 2017 (8) S .<43)i.. ‘ (O)|.. 4 (4)| 1118 1434 (15)} 1193 1702 | 28 (36)| 1034 1463 (1)| —1000 1244 7 (13)| 932 | 1237 (0)|.. as 3 (5)| 1063 1270 (17)| 1482 1833 | 54 (80)| 1269 1594 (3)| 1533 1905 5 (10)| 1344 1871 (2)| 1035 1366 | re (1)| 1097 1413 5 (5)} 1076 1357 cn ve 2 (4)| 827 1206 (10)| 1066 1443 EF eee PRS (1)} 1012 1575 1 (1)| 869 1150 | 2? is 3 (3)| 1175 1713 (4)| 1185 1482 6 (8)| 1094 1381 (2)| 1308 1615 9 (10)} 1166 1452 (4)|.. ; a * ite : (9)| 1433 1773 13 (17)| 1196 1658 (0)|.. 2 (2)| 1489 1684 other half receives more than the salaries indicated. Second, such data as these, while useful for making interstate com- parisons, represent merely the start- ing point in such comparisons. Great contrasts exist in the different parts of the country with reference to the standards of teachers’ salaries. To some extent, however, these contrasts are offset by differences in the cost of living in various parts of the country. Furthermore, there is a definite ten- dency for the states and cities paying higher salaries to require distinctly higher standards of training, experi- ence, and skill for their teachers. The higher salaries thus represent an investment in a higher quality of teaching service. 1 Figures in parentheses in columns 2, 5, &, 11, and 14 indicate the total number of city w - wa — — Cities 5,000 to 10,000 Cities 2,500 to 5,000 } in population in population | Median salaries | Median salaries | Num- | — | Num- paid :? ber of ant ' eee (ee = 1 El ed E schoo e- . school le- . sys- |mentary-| it sys- |mentary- = tems' | school | ¢ tems! | schooi | School “ each- teach- teach ere? | teach- 3 ers‘ . | ers# “se 11 12 13 | 14 is | 16 on _ _—— } | = 1/549 (859)| $1050 $1379 694(1301) | $ 961 $1260 .). ee ee. So 784 6 (6) 1184 1569 4 (6)| 1213 1630 5 (9)|— 600 797 12 (31)|— 600 767 25 (43) 1473 2035 34 (56) 1422 1949 9 (10) 1045 1270 8 (9) 1051 1298 § (7)| 1218 1333 D . Be cckiee hs teatoad 0 (0)! : Oo Mi.e:.... Ne “= brattts a | ily 3 (i7)i.. ae 11 (27)) 621 853 © ReeIT Ss Hiaecto gies Are ek. Apes vara > *. Se SER Se | 10 (14)| 949 1194 35 (58)| 986 1404 43 (76)) 969 1362 23 (29)| 986 1249 26 (32)) 982 1250 11 (14)) 886 1192 27 (46) 876 1156 10 (12) 980 1284 18 (30)| 846 1137 | S Geet. wsaedewss <5 11 (24) 788 1045 2 (11)}. or Ses Menai 5 (12)| F Pore a a Oe ; ah .4pil.... F } 8 (13) 1042 1196 31 (39) | 1272 1589 | 7 (10) 1267 1518 26 (32)| 968 1249 23 (38)| 958 1213 15 (18)| 1076 1315 33 (41)| 975 1237 | | 2 (4! 868 1000 12 (22)} 797 937 12 (20) 851 1113 15 (35) 777 1079 4 (6)| 1312 1388 | 5 (6)| 1191 1347 7 (9)| 920 | 1214 | 7 aanl...... e . a. eo 2 °(3)| 1461 1913 3 (4)| 1052 | is00°'| 3 (¢4)| 955 | 1250 0 (51)| 1438 | 1821 | 31 (S0)| 1313 1454 4 (4)| 1075 | 1420 | 4 (8)| 978 | 1213 0 (42)| 1658 | 1918 | 52 (83)! 1519 | 1702 ‘2 ea eee . oe... 5 (6)| 940 | 1279 | 1 (2)| 688 950 7 (50)| 1025 | 1465 | 37 (62)| 999 | 1367 7 (22)| 736 969 | 14 (30)! 759 942 7 (9)| 1089 | 1304 | 8 (13)| 922 1110 70(103)} 1239 | 1462 | 80(148)| 972 | 1283 ie eee Fee 1 (1)| 1175 tebe eee ay 2 (2)| 1085 1586 8 (8)| 1027 1286 0 (14)| 733 1050 | 7 (26)|....... ia 8 (47)| 795 1154 | 36 (74)| 790 | 1044 2 (4)| 765 1275 | 10 (14)| 789 | 1324 6 (9)| 1018 | 1436 | 1 (2)! 900 | 1100 7 (i1)| | 731 a | ae 41... 4 (4)| 1084 | 1313 | 14 (19)| 1061 1298 wy) 6 eas eo 2) eee & yes 4 (20)| 1066 | "1414 | 25 (36)|' "1059" "|" 1343 3 -(3)| 1307 1714 | 2 (3)| 1200 | 1494 school systems of each size in the various states. Figures not in parentheses in columns 2, 5, 8, 11 and 14 give the number of cities re- porting in this survey. 2 Those not familiar with the term median may look upon it as having, for ordinary pur- es, the same general significance as the amiliar average. More specifically, the best paid 50 per cent of a group of teachers receive salaries equal to, or greater then the median salary res the poorest paid 50 per cent of a group of teachers receive salaries equal to, or less than the median. A minus sign (—) be- fore a median figure means that an exact median cannot be calculated from the infor- mation given, but is somewhat below the sum following the minus sign. In certain cases data were insufficient to justify the calcula- tion of medians. In these cases medians are omitted. The general rule for reporting me- dians followed in the above table is as follows: when as many as ten cities of a given popula- tion group in a single state report, or when 50 per cent or more of all cities of a given size in a state report, a median is calculated. 3Includes teachers of vocational high- schools. 4 Includes kindergarten teachers. The Journal of the National Education Association HE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSO- "| carton is incorporated under a special act of Congress approved June 30, 1906. This Congressional char- ter took the place of earlier forms of organization. It goes into considerable detail. As the demand arises for changes, members of Congress point out that the charter should be simplified and short- ened by transferring matters of detail to the bylaws, which the Association is free to amend without going to Congress. Accordingly the following proposal for simplifying the charter has been pre- pared. It has the approval of the Com- mittee on Amending the Charter, and the Committee on Reorganization. This proposed simplification does not in any way change the Association’s form of organization or its method of opera- The Charter as It Now Is AN ACT TO INCORPORATE THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled: SecTIon 1. That the following-named persons, who are now officers and directors Simplifying the Association’s Charter tion. It merely transfers certain matters from the charter to the bylaws with no change whatever except as indicated in the second column. The Representative Assembly at its Washington meeting in 1934 ordered the appointment of a Committee on Amend- ing the Charter which was instructed to seek from Congress a change in the char- ter removing Life Directors from the Board of Directors. Since the power to amend the charter is entirely in the hands of Congress, this committee took the matter up with certain members of that body. These members point out that Congress should not and cannot give the time necessary for consideration of changes in details of the organization of incorporated societies, and that therefore these provisions should be removed from the charter and placed in the bylaws, which can be amended by our Associa- tion without going to Congress This appears to be the method by which we may handle most effectively and most successfully the question of Life Directors. Under the proposed sim- plification the provision relating to di- rectors would be transferred from the charter to the bylaws where it can be dealt with by the regular processes of amendment. Accordingly this proposed revision is here published in parallel columns so that it can be studied before the Denver Convention. The charter and bylaws in full may be found in the 1934 Proceed- ings, pages 803-818. Sections of Charter in Accordance with Proposed Revision (Notes in parentheses indicate the locations in the by- laws to which portions of the charter will be transferred according to this plan. Sections markec 10 Cc e” Sect ked “r hang would be kept in the charter as they are.) and trustees of the National Educational Association, a corporation organized in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-six, under the Act of General Incorporation of the Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, viz: Nathan C. Schaeffer, Eliphalet Oram Lyte, John W. Lansinger, of Pennsylvania; Isaac W. Hill, of Alabama; Arthur J. Matthews, of Arizona; John H. Hinemon, George B. Cook, of Arkansas; Joseph O’Con- nor, Josiah L. Pickard, Arthur H. Chamberlain, of California; Aaron Gove, Ezekiel H. Cook, Lewis C. Greenlee, of Colorado; Charles H. Keyes, of Connecticut; George W, Twitmyer, of Delaware; J. Ormond Wilson, William T. Harris, Alexander T. Stuart, of the District of Columbia; Clem Hampton, of Florida; William M. Slaton, of Georgia; Frances Mann, of Idaho; J. Stanley Brown, Albert G. Lane, Charles I. Parker, John W. Cook, Joshua Pike, Albert R. Taylor, Joseph A. Mercer, of Illinois; Nebraska Cropsey, Thomas A. Mott, of Indiana; John D. Benedict, of Indian Territory; John F. Riggs, Ashley V. Storm, of Iowa; John W. Spindler, Jasper N. Wilkinson, A. V. Jewett, Luther D. Whittemore, of Kansas; William Henry Bartholomew, of Kentucky; Warren Easton, of Louisiana; John S. Locke, of Maine; M. Bates Stephens, of Maryland; Charles W. Eliot, Mary H. Hunt, Henry T. Bailey, of Massachusetts; Hugh A. Graham, Charles G. White, William H. Elson, of Michigan; William F. Phelps, Irwin Shepard, John A. Cranston, of Minnesota; Robert B. Fulton, of Mississippi; F. Louis Soldan, James M. Greenwood, William J. Hawkins, of Missouri; Oscar J. Craig, of Montana; George L. Towne, of Nebraska; Joseph E. Stubbs, of Nevada; James E. Klock, of New Hampshire ; James M. Green, John Enright, of New Jersey; Charles M. Light, of New Mexico; James H. Canfield, Nicholas Murray Butler, William H. Maxwell, Charles R. Skinner, Albert P. Marble, James C. Byrnes, of New York; James Y. Joyner, Julius Isaac Foust, of North Carolina; Pitt Gordon Knowlton, of North Dakota; Oscar T. Corson, Jacob A. Shawan, Wells L. Griswold, of Ohio; Edgar S. Vaught, Andrew R. Hickham, of Oklahoma; Charles Carroll Stratton, Edwin D. Ressler, of Oregon; Thomas W. Bicknell, Walter Ballou Jacobs, of Rhode Island; David B. Johnson, Robert P. Pell, of South Carolina; Moritz Adelbert Langer, of South Dakota; Eugene F. Turner, of Tennessee ; Lloyd E. Wolf, of Texas; David H. Christensen, of Utah; Henry O. Wheeler, Isaac Thomas, of Vermont; Joseph L. Jarman, of Virginia; Edward T. Mathes, of Wash- ington; T. Marcellus Marshall, Lucy Robinson, of West Virginia; Lorenzo D. Harvey, of Wisconsin; Thomas T. Tynan, of Wyoming; Cassia Patton, of Alaska; Frank H. Ball, of Porto Rico; Arthur F. Griffiths, of Hawaii; C. H. Maxson, of the Philippine Islands; and such other persons as now are or may hereafter be associated with them as officers or members of said Association, are hereby incorporated and declared to be a body corporate of the District of Columbia by the name of the “National Education Asso- ciation of the United States,” and by that name shall be known and have a perpetual succession with the powers, limitations, and restrictions herein contained. Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 ¢ No change 165 Section 2. That the purpose and objects of the said corporation shall be to elevate the character and advance the interests of the profession of teaching and to promote the cause of education in the United States. This corporation shall include the National Council of Education and the following departments, and such others as may hereafter be created by organization or consolidation, to wit: The Departments, first, of Su- perintendence; second, of Normal Schools; third, of Elementary Education; fourth, of Higher Education; fifth, of Manual Training; sixth, of Art Education; seventh, of Kindergarten Education; eighth, of Music Education; ninth, of Secondary Education; tenth, of Business Education; eleventh, of Child Study; twelfth, of Physical Educa- tion; thirteenth, of Natural Science Instruction; fourteenth, of School Administration; fifteenth, the Library Department; sixteenth, of Special Education; seventeenth, of Indian Education; the powers and duties and the numbers and names of these depart- ments and of the National Council of Education may be changed or abolished at the pleasure of the corporation, as provided in its bylaws. Section 3. That the said corporation shall further have power to have and to use a common seal, and to alter and change the same at its pleasure; to sue or to be sued in any court of the United States, or other court of competent jurisdiction; to make bylaws not inconsistent with the provisions of this act or of the Constitution of the United States; to take or receive, whether by gift, grant, devise, bequest, or purchase, any real or personal estate, and to hold, grant, convey, hire, or lease the same for the purpose of its incorporation; and to accept and administer any trust of real or personal estate for any educational purpose within the objects of the corporation. Section 4. That all real property of the corporation within the District of Columbia which shall be used by the corporation for the educational or other purposes of the corporation as aforesaid other than the purposes of producing income, and all personal property and funds of the corporation held, used, or invested for educational purposes aforesaid, or to produce income to be used for such purposes, shall be exempt from taxation; provided, however, That this exemption shall not apply to any property of the corporation which shall not be used for, or the income of which shall not be applied to, the educational purposes of the corporation; and, provided further, That the cor- poration shall annually file, with the Commissioner of Education of the United States, a report in writing, stating in detail the property, real and personal, held by the cor- poration, and the expenditure or other use or disposition of the same, or the income thereof, during the preceding year. Section 5. That the membership of the said corporation shall consist of three classes of members—viz, active, associate, and corresponding—whose qualifications, terms of membership, rights, and obligations shall be prescribed by the bylaws of the corporation. Section 6. That the officers of the said corporation shall be a President, twelve Vicepresidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Board of Directors, an Executive Committee, and a Board of Trustees. The Board of Directors shall consist of the President, the First Vicepresident, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and one additional member from each state, territory, or district, to be elected by the active members for the term of one year, or until their successors are chosen, and of all Life Directors of the National Educational Association. The United States Commissioner of Education and all former Presidents of the said Association, now living, and all future Presidents of the Association hereby incorporated, at the close of their respective terms of office, shall be members of the Board of Directors for life. The Board of Directors shall have power to fill all vacancies in their own body; shall have in charge the general interests of the corporation, excepting those herein instrusted to the Board of Trustees; and shall possess such other powers as shall be conferred upon them by the bylaws of the corporation. The Executive Committee shall consist of five members, as follows: the President of the Association, the First Vicepresident, the Treasurer, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and a member of the Association, to be chosen annually by the Board of Directors, to serve one year. The said committee shall have authority to represent, and to act for the Board of Directors in the intervals between the meetings of that body, to the extent of carrying out the legislation adopted by the Board of Directors under general directions as may be given by said Board. The Board of Trustees shall consist of four members elected by the Board of Direc- tors for the term of four years, and the President of the Association, who shall be a member exofficio during his term of office. At the first meeting of the Board of Directors, held during the annual meeting of the Association at which they were elected, they shall elect one trustee for the term of four years. All vacancies occurring in said Board of Trustees, whether by resignation or otherwise, shall be filled by the Board of Directors for the unexpired term; and the absence of a Trustee from two successive annual meetings of the board shall forfeit his membership. 166 No change No change No change Section 5. The qualifications, classifications, rights, and obligations of members of said corporation shall be pre- scribed in the bylaws of the corporation. Section 6. The bylaws of said corporation shall pro- vide for the selection of its officers, and prescribe their powers and duties. (Transferred to bylaws, Article II, Section 1(a).) (Transferred to bylaws, Article II, Section 1(b).) (Transferred to bylaws, Article III, Section 4(a). Slightly reworded as follows.) SecTIon 4. (a) The Board of Directors shall have power to fill all vacancies in their own body and shall have in charge the general interests of the corporation, excepting those intrusted to the Board of Trustees. (Transferred to bylaws, Article II, Section 1(c).) (Transferred to bylaws, Article III, Section 5(a).) (Transferred to bylaws, Article II, Section 1(d).) (Transferred to bylaws, Article III, Section 4(b).) The Journal of the National Education Association SEC1 tional shall t Board and o devise exce] ann men no ti and ore- To- reir SecTIon 7. That the invested fund now known as the “Permanent Fund of the Na- tional Educational Association,” when transferred to the corporation hereby created shall be held by such corporation as a Permanent Fund and shall be in charge of the Board of Trustees, who shall provide for the safekeeping and investment of such fund, and of all other funds which the corporation may receive by donation, bequest, or devise. No part of the principal of such Permanent Fund or its accretions shall be expended, except by a two-thirds vote of the active members of the Association present at any annual meeting, upon the recommendation of the Board of Trustees, after such recom- mendation has been approved by vote of the Board of Directors, and after printed notice of the proposed expenditure has been mailed to all active members of the Asso- ciation. The income of the Permanent Fund shall be used only to meet the cost of maintaining the organization of the Association and of publishing its annual volume of Proceedings, unless the terms of the donation, bequest, or devise shall otherwise specify, or the Board of Directors shall otherwise order. It shall also be the duty of the Board of Trustees to issue orders on the Treasurer for the payment of all bills approved by the Board of Directors, or by the President and Secretary of the Association acting under the authority of the Board of Directors. When practicable, the Board of Trus- tees shall invest, as part of the Permanent Fund, all surplus funds exceeding $500 that shall remain in the hands of the Treasurer after paying the expenses of the Association for the previous year, and providing for the fixed expenses and for all appropriations made by the Board of Directors for the ensuing year, The Board of Trustees shall elect the Secretary of the Association, who shall be Secretary of the Executive Committee, and shall fix the compensation and the term of his office for a period not to exceed four years. Section 8. That the principal office of the said corporation shall be in the city of Washington, D. C.; Provided, That the meeting of the corporation, its officers, com- mittees, and departments, may be held, and that its business may be transacted, and an office or offices may be maintained, elsewhere, within the United States, as may be determined by the Board of Directors, or otherwise in accordance with the bylaws. SecTION 9. That the charter, constitution, and bylaws of the National Educational Association shall continue in full force and effect until the charter granted by this act shall be accepted by such Association at the next annual meeting of the Association, and until new bylaws shall be adopted; and that the present officers, directors, and trustees of said Association shall continue to hold office and perform their respective duties as such until the expiration of terms for which they were severally elected or appointed, and until their successors are elected. That at such annual meeting the active members of the National Educational Association, then present, may organize and proceed to accept the charter granted by this act and adopt bylaws, to elect officers to succeed those whose terms have expired or are about to expire, and generally to organize the “National Education Association of the United States”; and that the Board of Trustees of the corporation hereby incorporated shall thereupon, if the charter granted by this act be accepted, receive, take over, and enter into possession, custody, and management of all property, real and personal, of the corporation heretofore known as the National Educational Association incorporated as aforesaid, under the Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, and all its rights, contracts, claims, and property of every kind and nature whatsoever, and the several officers, directors, and trustees of such last- named Association, or any other person having charge of any of the securities, funds, books, or property thereof, real or personal, shall on demand deliver the same to the proper officers, directors, or trustees of the corporation hereby created. Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 SecTIon 7. That the invested fund now known as the “Permanent Fund of the National Educational Associa- tion,” when transferred to the corporation hereby created, shall be held by such corporation as a Permanent Fund and shall be in charge of the Board of Trustees, who shall provide for the safekeeping and investment of such fund, and of all other funds which the corporation may receive by donation, bequest, or devise. Provided, said corpora- tion may by its bylaws make other and different pro- visions for the custody, control, management, sale, mort- gage, or other disposition of said funds. (Transferred to bylaws, Article III, Section 6(b). Slightly reworded as follows: ) (b) In providing for the safekeeping and investment of the Permanent Fund of this Association by the Board of Trustees no part of the principal of such Permanent Fund or its accretions shall be expended, except by a two-thirds vote of the active members of the Association present at any annual meeting, upon the recommendation of the Board of Trustees, after such recommendation has been approved by vote of the Board of Directors, and after printed notice of the proposed expenditure has been mailed to all active members of the Association. The in- come of the Permanent Fund shall be used only to meet the cost of maintaining the organization of the Associa- tion and of publishing its annual volume of Proceedings, unless the terms of the donation, bequest, or devise shall otherwise specify, or the Board of Directors shall other- wise order. It shall also be the duty of the Board of Trustees to issue orders on the Treasurer for the payment of all bills approved by the Board of Directors, or by the President and Secretary of the Association acting under the authority of the Board of Directors. When prac- ticable, the Board of Trustees shall invest, as part of the Permanent Fund, all surplus funds exceeding $500 that shall remain in the hands of the Treasurer after paying the expenses of the Association for the previous year, and providing for the fixed expenses and for all appropria- tions made by the Board of Directors for the ensuing year. The Board of Trustees shal] elect the Secretary of the Association, who shall be Secretary of the Executive Committee, and shall fix the compensation and the term of his office for a period not to exceed four years. Section 8. That the principal office of the said cor- poration shall be in the city of Washington, D. C.; Pro- vided, That the meeting of the corporation, its officers, committees, and departments, may be held, and that its business may be transacted, and an office or offices may be maintained, elsewhere, within the United States, as may be determined in accordance with the bylaws. SecTIon 9. That the charter, constitution, and bylaws of the National Educational Association shall continue in full force and effect until the charter granted by this act shall be accepted by such Association at the next annual meeting of the Association, and until new bylaws shall be adopted; and that the present officers, directors, and trustees of said Association shall continue to hold office and perform their respective duties as such until the expiration of terms for which they were severally elected or appointed, and until their successors are elected. That at such annual meeting the active members of the National Educational Association, then present, may or- ganize and proceed to accept the charter granted by this act and adopt bylaws, to elect officers to succeed those whose terms have expired or are about to expire, and generally to organize the “National Education Associa- tion of the United States”; and that the Board of Trus- tees of the corporation hereby incorporated shall there- upon, if the charter granted by this act be accepted, receive, take over, and enter into possession, custody, and management of all property, real and personal, of the corporation heretofore known as the National Edu- cational Association incorporated as aforesaid, under the Revised Statutes of the District of Columbia, and all its 167 Provided, That a verified certificate executed by the presiding officer and secretary of such annual meeting, showing the acceptance of the charter granted by this act by the National Educational Association, shall be legal evidence of the fact, when filed with the Recorder of Deeds of the District of Columbia; and, provided further, That in the event of the failure of the Association to accept the charter granted by this act at said annual meeting then the charter of the National Educational Association and its incor- porate existence shall be and are hereby extended until the thirty-first day of July, nineteen hundred and eight, and at any time before said date its charter may be extended in the manner and form provided by the general corporation of the District of Columbia. Section 10. That the rights of creditors of the said existing corporation, known as the National Educational Association, shall not in any manner be impaired by the passage of this act, or the transfer of the property heretofore mentioned, nor shall any liability or obligation, or payment of any sum due or to become due, or any claim or demand, in any manner, or for any cause existing against the said existing corporation, be released or impaired; and the corporation hereby incorporated is declared to succeed to the obligations and liabilities, and to be held liable to pay and discharge all of its debts, liabilities and contracts of the said corporation so existing, to the same effect as if such new corporation had itself incurred the obligation or liability to pay such debts or damages, and no action or proceeding before any court or tribunal shall be deemed to have abated or been discontinued by reason of this act. SEcTION 11. That Congress may from time to time alter, repeal, or modify this act of incorporation, but no contract or individual right made or acquired shall thereby be divested or impaired. SEcTION 12. That said corporation may provide, by amendment to its bylaws, that the powers of the active members exercised at the annual meeting in the election of officers and the transaction of business shall be vested in and exercised by a representa- tive assembly composed of delegates apportioned, elected, and governed in accordance with the provisions of the bylaws adopted by said corporation. By the time the May JourRNAL reaches particularly those members who have rights, contracts, claims, and property of every kind and nature whatsoever, and the several officers, directors, and trustees of such last-named Association, or any other person having charge of any of the securities, funds, books, or property thereof, real or personal, shall on de- mand deliver the same to the proper officers, directors, or trustees of the corporation hereby created. Provided, that this corporation may by its bylaws make other and different provisions for the custody, control, manage- ment, sale, mortgage, or other disposition of its property, Provided further, That a verified certificate executed by the presiding officer and secretary of such annual meet- ing, showing the acceptance of the charter granted by this act by the National Educational Association, shall be legal evidence of the fact, when filed with the Recorder of Deeds of the District of Columbia; and, provided further, That in the event of the failure of the Association to accept the charter granted by this act at said annual meeting then the charter of the National Educational Association and its incorporate existence shall be and are hereby extended until the thirty-first day of July, nineteen hundred and eight, and at any time before said date its charter may be extended in the manner and form pro- vided by the general corporation of the District of Columbia. No change No change No change as early as possible so that the Commit- the members of the Association nearly all of the delegates for the Representa- tive Assembly of 1935 will have been chosen. Members of the Association and 168 been elected as delegates should give this matter very careful consideration. Com- ments and suggestions should be sent to the chairman of either of the Committees Committee on Amending the Cherter R. T. Shaw, chairman 1327 Real Estate Trust Building Philadelpnia, Pennsylvania L. Frazer Banks M. Emma Brookes Fred D. Cram Mrs. Myrtle Hooper Dahl Sara C. Ewing H. Claude Hardy tees may have a chance to consider them and make changes in the proposed plan in whatever way seems necessary and desirable. Committee on Reorganization E. E. Oberholtzer, chairman Superintendent of Schools Houston, Texas Cornelia S. Adair Daisy Lord Birdine Merrill Robert C. Moore R. T. Shaw William S. Taylor The Journal of the National Education Association S Vy A — 5 © met d and 5, and Other ‘unds, nN de. Ctors, vided, r and nage. erty, d by neet- d by shal] order vided ation nual ional | are ‘teen e its pro- b of Notes and Announcements Register at Den- ver—aAll members of the Association who at- tend the Denver con- vention are urged to register at convention headquarters, where they will receive the official program and convention badge. There is no registration fee, this being a part of the regular services of the Association. Official delegates to the Denver con- vention—Blanks were sent early in May to Randall Con- don Foster, the Associa- tion’s youngest life member, is a grandson of the late Dr affiliated associations, Pai calling for lists of offi- Condon cial delegates to the Denver convention. These lists should be returned to Secre- tary Willard E. Givens, 1201 16th St., N. W., Washington, D. C., before June 10. The Columbia River Highway— Since the publication in the March Jour- NAL of the map showing automobile routes for use in connection with the Denver meeting, attention has been called to the Columbia River Highway, a beautiful scenic route running east from Portland, connecting with the high- way from Seattle to Boise. In preparation for Denver—A book entitled Colorado by Arthur H. Carhart published by Coward-McCann, Inc., 55 5th Avenue, New York, N. Y., would add much to the joy of the trip to Denver. “The Schools Weathering a Storm,” [see pages 149-52] is the last in a series of JouRNAL articles dealing with the history of the school, by Charles A. Beard and William G. Carr. The en- tire series has been reprinted under the title Schools in the Story of Culture and may be secured from the National Edu- cation Association, 1201 16th St., N. W., Washington, D. C., at the following prices: Single copies, 25¢ each. Discounts for quantities as follows: 2 to 9 copies, 10 percent; 10 to 99 copies, 25 percent; 100 or more copies, 3314 percent. Cash must accompany all orders for less than $1. Proposed changes in charter and bylaws—tThe following amendments to the Association charter were proposed at Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 the Washington convention to be acted upon at the Denver convention. If the proposed simplification of the charter B. Coss, secretary of the Texas State ¢ Teachers Association. [published on pages 165-8 of this issue] is adopted, these proposed amendments would apply to the charter provisions as they are transferred to the bylaws. These amendments to the charter were pro- posed by R. T. Shaw, Philadelphia: Amend paragraph 2, Section 6, of the charter by striking out the following sentences: The Board of Directors shall consist of the President, the First Vicepresident, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and one additional member from each state, territory, or district, to be elected by the active members for the term of one year, or until their successors are chosen, and of all Life Directors of the National Education Asso- ciation. The United States Commissioner of Education, and all former Presidents of the said Association now living, and all future Presidents of the Association hereby incor- porated, at the close of their respective terms of office, shall be members of the Board of Directors for life. And amending this paragraph to read: The Board of Directors shall consist of the President, the First Vicepresident, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and one additional member from each state, territory, or district, to be elected by the active members for the term of one year, or until their successors are chosen. The Board of Directors shall have the power to fill all vacan- cies in their own body; shall have in charge the general interests of the corporation, except- ing those herein intrusted to the Board of Trustees; and shall possess such other powers as shall be conferred upon them by the bylaws of the corporation. Amend paragraph 2, Section 7, of the charter, which now reads: The Board of Trustees shall elect the Secre- tary of the Association, who shall be Secretary of the Executive Committee, and shall fix the compensation and the term of his office for a period not to exceed four years. To read: The Board of Directors shall elect the Secre- tary of the Association, who shall be the Sec- retary of the Executive Committee, and shall fix the compensation and the term of his office for a period not to exceed four years. Amendments to the Association bylaws were proposed at the Washington con- vention to be acted upon at the Denver convention. The following amendment was proposed by R. T. Shaw: Amend Article II, Section 2, of the bylaws by striking out the following sentence: The candidates for President, Treasurer, member of Board of Directors from each state, territory, or district, respectively, and the eleven candidates for the office of Vicepresident receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected. And in lieu thereof insert the follow- ing: The elections shall be by the method of preferential voting and the rules of the Propor- tional Representation League shall govern. The amended section would then read: At the first business meeting of the Repre- sentative Assembly on the second day of the annual meeting of the Association, nominations for the following offices shall be made: Presi- dent, Vicepresident, and Treasurer. Candidates for said offices shall be nominated from the floor upon roll call of the states. On the first day of the annual meeting of the Association the delegates of each state, territory, and dis- trict of the United States shall nominate one person for member of the Board of Directors and the name of such person shall be reported to the Representative Assembly at the first business meeting upon roll call of the states On the fourth day of the annual meeting offi cers shall be elected from the candidates by the delegates to the Representative Assembly by ballot. Said ballots shall be printed and shall contain the names of all nominees as provided above. Polls for voting shall be open from 8 A. M. to 6 P. M., at such place or places as the president of the Association shall designate. The elections shall be by the method of preferential voting and the rules of the Proportional Repre- [Continued on page A-72] 169 Builders of Our Profession AX Secretary, I looked ahead and saw an enrolment of 7800 mounting in a few years to 50,000, but I must confess that I did not see 100,000 until some time later. I was surprised myself when I could see ahead an enrolment beyond the 200,000 mark. Now as I look ahead, comparing conditions of today with those of 1918 and comparing plans and policies and tendencies with those of the early day, I feel as sure of an enrolment of 500,000 within a decade, as I was of 50,000 to 100,000 in the decade and a half following the World War. The reason I fully expect such a growth is because we have greater solidarity now than at that time; the foundations are more substantial; teachers are more professionally minded; they have better vision; they are more willing to take hold; our leaders are more tried; our officers have before them the inspiration of the achievements of that early period.—Secretary-emeritus J. W. Crabtree. New Life Enlistments LL life memberships received between the first of January 1935 and the life mem- bership dinner at the Denver convention in July will be designated “Crabtree life mem- berships.” The number of life members in the National Education Association on April 1 was 5355. The following life members have been reported since the list was published in the April JoURNAL. Araska—U. S. Hanshew. ALABAMA—Janie Graham. CALIFORNIA—Wilford E. Raymond. District or CoLuMBiA—Eva W. Cummins, Robert L. Davie, Sr., Gladys Harlow, Aurora Larson, Alice Werner. Iiitinois—Elizabeth A. Bowie. INDIANA—Irma Bachman, Dwight C. Park, L. V. Phillips. Kansas——M. J. Whitson. MASSACHUSETTS—Martin F. O’Connor. MontTANA—Charles D. Schreibeis. New Mexico—Vernon Ottis Tolle. New Yorx—Morton E. Hinman. Oxn1o—Lincoln Walker Hurst. PENNSYLVANIA—Dillie M. Steinmetz, Jessie W. Stein- metz. Texas—Mrs. Mabel T. Woods. VermMont—Jennie C. Allingham. ae G. Chamberlin, Francis J. Zvolanek, r. Completed Enrolments ‘i FOLLOWING SCHOOLS have completed their one hundred percent enrolment in the National Education Association since the list was published in the April JouRNAL. Twelve Years Hawatu—Honolulu, Territorial Deaf and Blind. Eleven Years ARIZONA—Flagstaff, Flagstaff Public Schools, Emer- son Grade. PENNSYLVANIA—Steelton, Steelton Public Schools, Major Bent, East End, Felton, Fothergill, Hygienic, Steelton High, West Side. Ten Years CALIFORNIA—Anderson, Anderson Union High. CoLorapo—Fort Lupton, Fort Lupton Public Schools, Grade, High. ILLINOIS—Watseka, Watseka Community High. Massacuusetts—Norwell, Center Primary. MINNESOTA—Minneapolis, Whitney. New YorKk—Rye, Union Free Grammar Number 3. Nine Years Ittinois—Cicero, Burnham, Woodrow Wilson. PENNSYLVANIA-—Delaware County, Chester Township Public Schools, Washington. 170 ‘ aa FOLLOWING INSTITUTIONS for the education of teachers have reported 100 percent NEA enrolment records for 1934-35. The president’s name is given following that of the school. CaLirorNu—Stanford University, School of Education, Grayson N. Kefauver, dean. IpaAHo—A lbion, State Normal School, R. H. Snyder. ILtino1is—Charleston, Eastern Illinois State Teachers College, Robert G. Buzzard; Normal, Illinois State Normal University, R. W. Fairchild. KENTUCKY—Richmond, Eastern Ken- tucky State Teachers College, H. L. Donovan. Louistana—Natchitoches, State Nor- mal School, A. A. Fredericks. Maine—Machias, Washington State Normal School, Philip H. Kimball; Presque Isle, Aroostook State Nor- mal School, San Lorenzo Merriman. MicH1icAN—Dowagiac, County Normal School, Minnie Rouaan. Missourt—St. Louis, Harris Teachers College, C. G. Vannest; Stowe Teachers College, W. H. Huffman. NesraskA—Kearney, Nebraska State Teachers College, George E. Martin. New YorkK—Geneseo, State Normal School, James B. Welles; New Paltz, State Normal School, Lawrence H. van den Berg. NortH Daxota—Mayville, Teachers College, C. C. Swain. PENNSYLVANIA—Bloomsburg, State Teachers College, Francis B. Haas; California, State Teachers College, Robert M. Steele; Clarion, State Teachers College, G. C. L. Riemer; Edinboro, State Teachers College, Carmon Ross; Indiana, State Teach- ers College, C. R. Foster; Slippery Rock, State Teachers College, J. Lin- wood Eisenberg. SoutH Daxota—Aberdeen, Northern Normal & Industrial School, C. G. Lawrence. TENNESSEE—Mem phis, State Teachers College, J. W. Brister. VERMONT—Castleton, State Normal School, Caroline S. Woodruff. WIsconsiN—A shland, Ashland County Normal School, J. M. Lorscheter; Manitowoc, County Rural Normal School, Adolph Thiede. State Eight Years Hawat—Oahu, Kawailoa. MaiNne—Machias, Washington State Normal. Texas—T exarkana, Texarkana Junior College. Uraun—North Summit District, North Summit High. Seven Years Uraun—Nebo District, Nebo District Public Schools, Goshen, Grant, Jefferson, Lake Shore, Leland, Mapleton, Payson Junior High, Payson Senior High, Rees, Salem, Santaquin, Spanish Fork Cen- Spanish Fork Junior High, Spanish Fork Benjamin, Clinton, Dividend, Genola, Peteetneet, tral, Senior High, Springville Senior & Junior High, Spring Lake, Taylor, Thistle, Thurber, Washington. Six Years Georcia-—Atlanta, James W. Maddox Juni ~ seme pecmccmendiy x ellteng addox Junior High, PENNSYLVANIA—Philadelphia, Shawmont. Five Years Hawau—Honolulu, Puuhale; Waianae, Oahu, Wais. Columbus, nae. ILLINOIs—Cicero, St Stockton Public Schools. ockten, INDIANA—Bloomington, Central [Department of cial Education]; Indianapolis, Public Number Missouri—Kansas City, W. W. Yates. Nevapa—White Pine County, White Pine County High Number 2. New HAmpsHinE—New port, Newport Primary, Oun1o—Sandusky County, Jackson Centralized, Goodwin; Four Years PENNSYLVANIA—T ioga County, Lawrenceville Schools. Vircinia—Norfolk, Norview High. WASHINGTON—Spokane, Mann. . Three Years CALIFoRNIA—Santa Ana, Hoover. Missouri—Kansas City, Lowell. Nevapa—Clark County, Boulder City Public Schools, On10— Y oungstown, East High. TENNESSEE—Bristol, Bristol Public Schools, Fair. mount, Rosemont, Special Teachers & Supervisors, WISCONSIN—Milwaukee, Walter Allen, Luther Bur- bank, Benjamin Franklin, Girls’ Trades & Tech. nical High, Thomas Jefferson, Juneau High, Lloyd Street, North Girls’ Junior Technical High, North Maryland Avenue, Sixty-eighth Street, State Street, Thirty-fifth Street, Townsend, West Clarke Street, Windlake Avenue, Missourt—Kansas City, Westport Junior Hie. Two Years CoLorapo—Grover, Grover [District Number 89]; Hereford, Hereford [District Number 89]. CoNnNECTICUT—Stratford, Garden. Hawai—Hilo, Haaheo. INDIANA—I ndianapolis, Christian Park Number 82; Whiting, South Side. MassacHusetTts—Fall River, Coughlin. New Jersey—Atlantic City, Brighton Avenue. On1to—Lakewood, Grant; Sandusky County, Township. OKLAHOMA—Tualsa, Horace Mann Junior High. PENNSYLVANIA—Tioga County, Jackson Township High. SoutH Daxota—Sioux Falls, General Beadle. TENNESSEE—K noxville, Giffin. Texas—H ouston, Hawthorne. UtTan—Granite District, Woodstock. WASHINGTON—Spokane, Adams, Cooper, Emerson, Field, Finch, Willard; Tacoma, Roosevelt. Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Auer Avenue, Thirty-sixth Street, Walnut Street. Riley Current Year ALAska—Tigara, Point Hope. CaLirorNiaA—Alameda, Alameda Continuation; Bev- erly Hills, Hawthorne; El Centro, East Side, Lin- coln, McKinley; San Anselmo, Red Hill. ConneEcTicuT—New Haven, Ezekiel Cheever; Strat- ford, Stony Brook. DeL_awarE—Western New Castle County, Middle- town (District Number 120-C). District oF CoLuMBiA—W ashington, Woodridge. Hawau—W aialua, Oahu, Andrew Cox Intermediate; Ewa, Oahu, Ewa; Hauula, Oahu, Hauula; Wahiawa, Oahu, Helemano; Honolulu, Honolulu Vocational, Thomas Jefferson; Heeia, Oahu, Kaaawa; Hono- lulu, Pauoa, Pohukaina; Heeia, Oahu, Waiahole; Honolulu, Waikiki. IpaHo—Pocatello, Tyhee. ILLinois—Chicago, Bell [Deaf and Specials Depart- ment], Bell [Hearing Department]; Normal, IIlli- nois State Normal University; Urbana, J. W. Hays; West Harvey, Garfield, McKinley, Washington. INDIANA—Bloomington, Banneker, McCalla; Indian- apolis, William Bell Number 60, James Russell Lowell Number 51, William Penn Number 49, Pub- lic Number 54, Public Number 73, Public Number 76, Public Number 78. Lou1siaNnA—Burrwood, Burrwood. MaryYLANp—Calvert County, Beach; Prince Frederick, Prince Frederick Elementary. MassacnusetTts—W altham, Ezra C. Fitch. MINNESOTA—Minneapolis, Hawthorne, Trudeau. New Jersey—Atlantic City, Junior High; Dumont, Lincoln; Harrisonville, Harrisonville; Lawnside, Lawnside Elementary. Orecon—Portland, Terwilliger. [Continued in Notes and Announcements] The Journal of the National Education Association High, rough iley ship son, e; va, al, 0- e; te li- 5; a ig July 24 to Aug. 28 Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 University of Denver FREDERICK M. HUNTER, Chancellor Attend the N.E.A. Convention! Vacation in the Rockies! ENJOY SUMMER STUDY AT THE Graduate and undergraduate courses in all university subjetts. Special courses for teachers and school administrators. More than 60 noted educators from other inStitutions added to the faculty. SPECIAL FEATURES AND SOME OF THE SPEAKERS INSTITUTE ON THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CURRENT AMERICAN SCENE (Adult Education, Philosophy and Re- ligion, Social Security, Monetary Problems and World Affairs) (Ten Weeks). John W. Studebaker, Commissioner of Education, Washington, D. C Isador Lubin, U. S. Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C. T. V. Smith, Professor of Philosophy, Univ. of Chicago. Earle Eubank, Head of Dept. of Sociology University of Cincinnati. Rufus von KleinSmid, Pres. Univ. of Southern California. BUSINESS EDUCATION CONFERENCE (Social and Business Trends) Paul S. Lomax, Professor of Education, New York Univ. William R. Odell, Head of Business Teacher Training, Columbia University. Earl W. Barnhart, United States Office of Education. FORUM ON DISCUSSION METHODS (in cooperation with Americen Library Association) Lyman Bryson, Professor of Adult Education, Teachers College, Columbia University. SPECIAL COURSE FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS Henry Lester Smith, President, N. E. A., Dean of School of Education, Indiana University. Alexander J. Stoddard, Pres., Dept. of Superintendence, N. E. A., Supt. of Schools, Providence, R. |. E. E. Oberholtzer, Past-Pres., Dept. of Superintendence, N. E. A.; Supt. of Schools, Houston, Texas. FIRST TERM: DIRECTOR OF SUMMER SCHOOL, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado. Please send me your Summer Catalog. Recess June 17 to July 24 NAME. Registration in certain courses is possible the first of any week. SCHOOL EXECUTIVES CONFERENCE L. W. Mayberry, Supt. of Schools, Wichita, Kansas. A. L. Threlkeld, Superintendent of Schools, Denver, Colo. H. M. Coming, Supt. of Schools, Colorado Springs, Colo SYMPOSIUM ON EVERYDAY PROBLEMS OF THE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS A. M, Jordan, Prof. of Psychology, Univ. of N. C. Rufus H. Palmer, Assistant Superintendent in charge of Elementary Education, Denver Public Schools. SPECIAL CLASSES IN SPEECH INSTRUCTION Vide R. Sutton, Director, “Magic of Speech’ Program National Broadcasting Company. ATHLETIC COACHING SCHOOL Frank Thomas, Coach, University of Alabama. D. X. Bible, Coach, University of Nebraska. Ward Lambert, Coach, Purdue University. INSTITUTE OF VITALIZED SCHOOL JOURNALISM (Sponsorship National Association of Student Editors). Special Subjects: Supervision of School Publicetions—inter pretation of Education to the Public. Educational Adviser Joy Elmer Morgan, Editor, Journal of N. E. A. Cc. C. Harvey, Maneger, Vitalized School Journalism Journal of N. E. A., Washington, D. C. INSTITUTE FOR TEACHERS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS SPECIAL STUDY—RACE PSYCHOLOGY Expedition to the Rosebud Indian Reservation. PLAY FESTIVAL Robert Edmund Jones, Director, Central City Onpere House, beginning July 6. for SECOND TERM: ADDRESS Mention THe JouRNAL when writing our advertisers CITY AND STATE ee Builders of Our Profession A Secretary, I looked ahead and saw an enrolment of 7800 mounting in a few years to 50,000, but I must confess that I did not see 100,000 until some time later. I was surprised myself when I could see ahead an enrolment beyond the 200,000 mark. Now as I look ahead, comparing conditions of today with those of 1918 and comparing plans and policies and tendencies with those of the early day, I feel as sure of an enrolment of 500,000 within a decade, as I was of 50,000 to 100,000 in the decade and a half following the World War. The reason I fully expect such a growth is because we have greater solidarity now than at that time; the foundations are more substantial; teachers are more professionally minded; they have better vision; they are more willing to take hold; our leaders are more tried; our officers have before them the inspiration of the achievements of that early period.—Secretary-emeritus J. W. Crabtree. New Life Enlistments tt life memberships received between the first of January 1935 and the life mem- bership dinner at the Denver convention in July will be designated “Crabtree life mem- berships.” The number of life members in the National Education Association on April 1 was 5355. The following life members have been reported since the list was published in the April JoURNAL. Arasxka—U. S. Hanshew. AtaBAMA—Janie Graham. CALirornia—Wilford E. Raymond. District or CotumMBpia—Eva W. Cummins, Robert L. Davie, Sr., Gladys Harlow, Aurora Larson, Alice Werner. ILLINots INDIANA Phillips. Kansas—M. J. Whitson. Massacnusetts—Martin F. O'Connor. Montana—Charles D. Schreibeis. New Mexico—Vernon Ottis Tolle. New Yorx—Morton E. Hinman. On1o—Lincoln Walker Hurst. PENNSYLVANIA—Dillie M. Steinmetz, Jessie W. Stein- metz. Texas—Mrs. Mabel T. Woods. VeRMONT—Jennie C. Allingham. — R. G. Chamberlin, Francis J. Zvolanek, r. Elizabeth A. Bowie. Irma Bachman, Dwight C. Park, L. V. Completed Enrolments . ie FOLLOWING SCHOOLS have completed their one hundred percent enrolment in the National Education Association since the list was published in the April JouRNAL. Twelve Years Hawan—Honolula, Territorial Deaf and Blind. Eleven Years ARIzZONA—Flagstaff, Flagstaff Public Schools, Emer- son Grade. PENNSYLVANIA—Steelton, Steelton Public Schools, Major Bent, East End, Felton, Fothergill, Hygienic, Steelton High, West Side. Ten Years Catirornia—Anderson, Anderson Union High. Co_orapo—Fort Lupton, Fort Lupton Pablic Schools, Grade, High. ILurNors—W atseka, Watseka Community High. Massacuusetts—wN orwell, Center Primary. MINNESOTA— Minneapolis, Whitney. New YorK—Rye, Union Free Grammar Number 3. Nine Years T.tmnows—Cicero, Burnham, Woodrow Wilson. PENNSYLVANIA —Delewere County, Chester Township Public Schools, Washington. 170 . Hf Bases FOLLOWING INSTITUTIONS for the education of teachers have reported 100 percent NEA enrolment records for 1934-35. The president’s name is given following that of the school. CaLirorNu—Stanford University, School of Education, Grayson N. Kefauver, dean. IpAHo—A lbion, State Normal School, R. H. Snyder. ILLiNots—Charleston, Eastern Illinois State Teachers College, Robert G. Buzzard; Normal, Illinois State Normal University, R. W. Fairchild. KentTuCcKY—Richmond, Eastern Ken- tucky State Teachers College, H. L. Donovan. Lourstuna—Natchitoches, State Nor- mal School, A. A. Fredericks. Maine—Machias, Washington State Normal School, Philip H. Kimball; Presque Isle, Aroostook State Nor- mal School, San Lorenzo Merriman. MicHiGAN—Dowagiac, County Normal School, Minnie Rouaan. Missourt—St. Louis, Harris Teachers College, C. G. Vannest; Stowe Teachers College, W. H. Huffman. NepraskKA—Kearney, Nebraska State Teachers College, George E. Martin. New YorkK—Geneseo, State Normal School, James B. Welles; New Paltz, State Normal School, Lawrence H. van den Berg. NortH Daxota—Mayville, Teachers College, C. C. Swain. PENNSYLVANIA—Bloomsburg, State Teachers College, Francis B. Haas; California, State Teachers College, Robert M. Steele; Clarion, State Teachers College, G. C. L. Riemer; Edinboro, State Teachers College, Carmon Ross; Indiana, State Teach- ers College, C. R. Foster; Slippery Rock, State Teachers College, J. Lin- wood Eisenberg. South Daxota—Aberdeen, Northern Normal & Industrial School, C. G. Lawrence. TeENNESSEE—Memphis, State Teachers College, J. W. Brister. VERMONT—Castleton, State Normal School, Caroline S. Woodruff. Wisconsin—A shland, Ashland County Normal School, J. M. Lorscheter; Manitowoc, County Rural Normal School, Adolph Thiede. State Eight Years Hawan—Oahku, Kawailoa. Maine—Machias, Washington State Normal. Texas—T exarkana, Texarkana Junior College. Utan—North Summit District, North Summit High. Seven Years Uran—wNebo District, Nebo District Public Schools, Benjamin, Clinton, Dividend, Genola, Goshen, Grant, Jefferson, Lake Shore, Leland, Mapleton, Peteetneet, Payson Junior High, Payson Senior High, Rees, Salem, Santaquin, Spanish Fork Cen- tral, Spanish Fork Junior High, Spanish Fork Senior High, Springville Senior & Junior High, Spring Lake, Taylor, Thistle, Thurber, Washington. Six Years Gerorcia——A tlanta, James W. Maddox Jun Hawau—Kaumana, Kaumana. PENNSYLVANIA—Philadelphia, Shawmont. ior High, Five Years Hawau—Honolulu, Puuhale; Waianae, Oahu, Wais. nae. Columbus, Goodwin; Stockton, ILLINoIs—Cicero, Stockton Public Schools. INDIANA—Bloomington, Central [Department of cial Education]; I/ndianapolis, Public Number Missourt—Kansas City, W. W. Yates. NevaDA—White Pine County, White Pine County High Number 2. New HAmPsHinE—Newport, Newport Primary, On10—Sandusky County, Jackson Centralized, Four Years Missourt—Kansas City, Westport Junior High. PENNSYLVANIA—T ioga County, Lawrenceville Ram Schools. Vircinia—Norfolk, Norview High. WASHINGTON—Spokane, Mann. . Three Years CALIFoRNIA—Santa Ana, Hoover. Missour!—Aansas City, Lowell. Nevapa—Clark County, Boulder City Public Schools, Oun10— Y oungstown, East High. TENNESSEE—Bristol, Bristol Public Schools, Fair. mount, Rosemont, Special Teachers & Supervisors, Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Walter Allen, Luther Bar. bank, Benjamin Franklin, Girls’ Trades & Tech. nical High, Thomas Jefferson, Juneau High, Lloyd Street, North Girls’ Junior Technical High, North Maryland Avenue, Sixty-eighth Street, State Street, Thirty-fifth Street, Townsend, West Clarke Street, Windlake Avenue, Two Years CoL_orapo—Grover, Grover [District Number 89]; Hereford, Hereford [District Number 89]. ConneECTICUT—Stratford, Garden. Hawan—Hilo, Haaheo. INDIANA—I ndianapolis, Christian Park Number 82; Whiting, South Side. Massacuusetts—Fall River, Coughlin. New Jersey—Atlentic City, Brighton Avenue. On10o—Lakewood, Grant; Sandusky County, Riley Township. Ox.LaHoMA—T alsa, Horace Mann Junior High. PENNSYLVANIA—Tioga County, Jackson Township High. SoutH Daxota—Sioux Falls, General Beadle. TENNESSEE—AK noxville, Giffin. Texas—H ouston, Hawthorne. UtaH—Granite District, Woodstock. WASHINGTON—Spokane, Adams, Cooper, Emerson, Field, Finch, Willard; Tacoma, Roosevelt. Wisconsin—Milmwaukee, Auer Avenue, Thirty-sixth Street, Walnut Street. Current Year ALaska—Tigara, Point Hope. CaLirorNia—Alameda, Alameda Continuation; Bev- erly Hills, Hawthorne; El Centro, East Side, Lin- coln, McKinley; San Anselmo, Red Hill. Connecticut—New Haven, Ezekiel Cheever; Strat- ford, Stony Brook. De.taware—Western New Castle County, Middle- town (District Number 120-C). ‘District or CoLuMBIA—W ashington, Woodridge. Hawan—VP aialue, Oaku, Andrew Cox Intermediate; Ewa, Ocka, Ewa; Haunla, Oahu, Hauule; W chiews, Oaku, Helemano; Heoxzolala, Honolulu Vocational, Thomas Jefferson: Heeia, Ocku, Kaaawa; Hono- lulu, Pavoa, Pohukaina; Heeia, Ocku, Waiahole; Honolalaz, Waikiki. Ipano—Pocatello, Tyhee. ILtinois—Chicago, Bell [Deaf and Specials Depart- ment], Bell [Hearing Department]; Normal, Illi- nois State Normal University; Urbana, J. W. Hays; West Harvey, Garfield, McKinley, Washington. InpDIANA—Bloomington, Banneker, McCalle; Indian- epolis, William Bell Number 60, James Russell Lowell Number 51, William Penn Number 49, Pub- lic Number 54, Public Number 73, Public Number 76, Public Number 78. LovursiaNa—Barrwood, Burrwood. MaryYLanp—Calvert County, Beach; Prince Frederick, Prince Frederick Elementary. MassacuusetTts—PF altham, Ezra C. Fitch. MINNESOTA— Minneapolis, Hawthorne, Trudeau. New Jersey—Atlentic City, Junior High; Dumont, Lincoln; Harrisonville, Harrisonville; Lawnside, Lawnside Elementary. Orecon—Portland, Terwilliger. [Continued in Notes and Announcements] The Journal of the National Education Association High, Riley ship _im- rat- jle- te; mO- le; ili- ‘s; m- ell be 5%, Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 June 17 to July 24 July 24 to Aug. 28 ENJOY SUMMER STUDY AT THE § University of Denver Attend the N. E. A. Convention! Vacation in the Rockies! Graduate and undergraduate courses in all university subjects. Special courses for teachers and school administrators. More than 60 noted educators from other inStitutions added to the faculty. SPECIAL FEATURES AND SOME OF THE SPEAKERS INSTITUTE ON THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CURRENT AMERICAN SCENE (Adult Education, Philosophy and Re- ligion, Social Security, Monetary Problems and World Affairs) (len Weeks). John W. Studebaker, Washington, D. C Isador Lubin, U. S. Commissioner of Washington, D. C. T. V. Smith, Professor of Philosophy, Univ. of Chicago. Earle Eubank, Head of Dept. of Sociology University of Cincinnati. Rufus von KleinSmid, Pres. Univ. of Southern California. BUSINESS EDUCATION CONFERENCE (Social and Business Trends) Paul S. Lomax, Professor of Education, New York Univ. William R. Odell, Head of Business Teacher Training, Columbia University. Earl W. Barnhart, United States Office of Education FORUM ON DISCUSSION METHODS (in cooperation with American Library Association) Lyman Bryson, Professor of Adult Education College, Columbia University. SPECIAL COURSE FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS Henry Lester Smith, President, N. E. A., Dean of School of Education, Indiana University. Alexander J. Stoddard, Pres., Dept. of Superintendence, N. E. A., Supt. of Schools, Providence, R. |. E. E. Oberholtzer, Past-Pres., Dept N. E. A.; Supt. of Schools, Houston, Texes. Commissioner of Education, Lebor Statistics, Teachers FIRST TERM: NAME of Superintendence, Registration in certain courses is possible the first of any week. DIRECTOR OF SUMMER SCHOOL, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado. Please send me your Summer Catalog. SCHOOL EXECUTIVES CONFERENCE L. W. Mayberry, Supt. of Schools, Wichite, Kanses A. L. Threlkeld, Superintendent of Schools, Denver, Colo. H. M. Coming, Supt. of Schools, Colorado Springs, Colo SYMPOSIUM ON EVERYDAY PROBLEMS OF THE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS A. M. Jordan, Prof. of Psychology, Univ. of N. C Rufus H. Palmer, Assistant Superintendent in cherge of Elementary Education, Denver Public Schools. SPECIAL CLASSES IN SPEECH INSTRUCTION Vide R. Sutton, Director, “Magic of Speech” Program National Broadcasting Company. ATHLETIC COACHING SCHOOL Frank Thomas, Coach, University of Alabama. D. X. Bible, Coach, University of Nebraska. Ward Lambert, Coach, Purdue University. INSTITUTE OF VITALIZED SCHOOL JOURNALISM (Sponsorship National Association of Student Editors). Special Subjects: Supervision of School Publicetions—int pretation of Education to the Public. Educetionel Adviser Joy Elmer Morgan, Editor, Journal of N. E. A. Cc. C. Harvey, Maneger, Vitalized School Journal of N. E. A., Washington, D. C. INSTITUTE FOR TEACHERS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS SPECIAL STUDY—RACE PSYCHOLOGY Expedition to the Rosebud Indian Reservation. PLAY FESTIVAL Robert Edmund Jones, Director House, beginning July 6. er Journalism Central City Opera Recess for SECOND TERM: ADDRESS CITY AND Mention THe JouRNAL when writing our advertisers N.E.A. STATE [Cont. from page 169] sentation League shall govern. The President of the Association shall appoint tellers and com- plete all arrangements for carrying out the elec- tion. The results of the election herein provided shall be announced at the final business session of the Representative Assembly. The officers thus chosen shall continue in office until the close of the annual meeting subsequent to their election, and until their successors are chosen, except as herein provided. The Secretary and the Treasurer shall enter upon their duties at a date which shall be determined by the Board of Trustees and which shall not be later than the first of October and shall continue in office during the term for which they are separately chosen and until their successors are duly elected. The following amendments were pro- posed by Cornelia S. Adair, Richmond, Va.: Amend Article II of the bylaws by adding Section 2a to Section 2 to read as follows: The Representative Assembly shall elect an- nually, as provided in the bylaws of the Asso- ciation, a First Vicepresident, who shall serve as such for one year, and who shall become Presi- dent of the Association at the next annual meeting after the one at which he was elected First Vicepresident. He shall then serve as Presi- dent, as provided in the bylaws. In the year 1936, a President shall be chosen who shall serve for one year, and a Vicepresident who shall serve as provided by this bylaw. All bylaws or parts of bylaws in conflict with this bylaw are hereby repealed. Amend Article II of the bylaws by adding Section 2b to Section 2 as follows: At the first business meeting of the Repre- sentative Assembly, the assembly shall elect a Nominating Committee, which shall submit to the Representative Assembly the names of not less than two nor more than four persons who shall be the nominees for the First Vicepresident of the Association. The Representative Assem- bly shall elect a First Vicepresident from such nominees in the manner provided by the by- laws of the Association. All bylaws or parts of bylaws in conflict with this bylaw are hereby repealed. In connection with the 73rd an- nual convention of the NEA at Den- ver, June 30-July 5, the following de- partments will hold meetings: National Council of Education Administrative Women in Education Adult Education Art Education Business Education Classroom Teachers Deans of Women Educational Research Elementary School Principals Kindergarten Primary Education Lip Reading Music Education Rural Education School Health and Physical Education Science Instruction Secondary Education Secondary School Principals Social Studies ~Without a care With all the accidents and sicknesses that spoil vacation time summer, you can understand with what a feeling of relief the Teacher with T.C.U. Protection leaves for vacation. — not play safe? i for so many Teachers ever the T.C.U. follow you t . ) s year, everywhere—on the road, in the wilderness, in camps, hotels, or on trains, even abroad. Special Education Supervisors and Directors of Instruction Supervisors and Teachers of Home Ego. nomics Visual Instruction Vocational Education Allied organizations holding meet. ings at Denver are: American Classical League Columbia Scholastic Press Association Conference of Members of Boards of Edy. cation Institute of Vitalized School Journalism National Association of Journalism Director; National Association of Secretaries of State Teachers Associations National Association of Student Govern. ment Officers National Commission on the Enrichment of Adult Life National Conference on Student Participa. tion in School Government National Congress of Parents and Teachers National Council of Geography Teachers National Council of Teachers of English National Geographic Society National League of Teachers Associations National School Secretaries Association National Vocational Guidance Association School Garden Association of America Federal aid to education—Repre- sentatives of the National Education Association testified before the House Education Committee as it directed its attention to the framing of legislation which would prevent the closing of many Weeks of Cool Comfort in @ Famed Scenic Setting / Let the long arm of —pacr Iet ys North Slope Pikes Peak from Woodland Park, 19 miles northwest of Colorado Springs, Summer Courses at COLORADO COLLEGE T.C.U. Protects You Everywhere Careful as one may be, there can be no assurance of safety. The very best one can do is to exercise the greatest caution— and be prepared for accident or illness away from home. That’s what the T.C.U. will do for you. This Organization of Teachers for Teachers stands ready to give you financial aid when disabled by Sickness, Accident, or Quarantine. Learn the T.C.U. Plan by Sending the Coupon Just send your name and address for complete informa- tion as to how we protect you. Your inquiry will place you under no obligation. TEACHERS CASUALTY UNDERWRITERS 650 T.C.U. Bidg. Lincoln, Nebr. Pe ee taser ene aes an amemaes FREE Information Coupon To the T.C.U., 650 T.C.U. Bidg. Lincoln, Nebraska in Colorado Springs THURSTON J. DAVIES, President Spend your summer vacation where living is en- joyable and learning a pleasure. Faculty of National Prominence Graduate and undergraduate instruction in all courses usually given at Liberal Arts Colleges, including Drama and Music, also the Arts (Col- orado Springs Fine Arts Center, formerly Broad- moor Art Academy). An Identification Tag | Has space for name and address, with trans- | Parent cover. We have only a limited number, | My name is but as long as they last | they are free to teachers. SEND THE COUPON. | . D 0D 0 UE OD oneness School. for your Traveling Bag | T am iptorented in knowing about your Pro- tective Benefits. Booklet of testimonials. fee ee eee (This coupon places the sender under no Send me the whole story and Springs. obligation) Mention THe JouRNAL when writing our advertisers Courses Open Monday, June 17, 1935 For information, address Dr. Ralph J. Gilmore, Director, 100 Administration Bldg., Colorado College, Colorado 1935 Convention N.E. A. in Denver, Only 70 Miles Away The Journal of the National Education Association thous: q nor! the t was ¢ tional ers d secur’ Wi Divi: teleg his t Alr ee ot Bel Le ee ee re on + Eco. meet. ions ‘lon epre- ation louse d its ation nany ‘ion thousands of schools before the end of anormal term. This action on behalf of the teachers and schools of the nation was one of many activities of the na- tional professional organization of teach- ers during the last eighteen months to secure federal aid for education. William G. Carr, director, Research Division, NEA, collected information by telegraph for this purpose. Highspots in his testimony: Almost exactly one year ago the Committee on Education held extended hearings on this problem. This Committee reported favorably a bill providing for the use of $75,000,000 of federal funds to alleviate the educational emer- gency during 1934-35. . . . This bill died in the Rules Committee. . . . Many schools were -very late in opening this year and have oper- ated for short and irregular terms while other schools kept open on borrowed money or by issuing practically worthless warrants to under- paid teachers. There was reason to believe that the $890,- 000,000 relief appropriation which was passed toward the end of the 73rd Congress included adequate attention for the emergency needs of the schools. . . . The use of $48,000,000 for schools was discussed at the hearing. ... Mr. Buchanan, chairman of the Appropriations Committee ... read into the Congressional Record, June 4, 1934, a statement that $48,- 000,000 would be available for schools subject to authorization of the President. This was the situation in October 1934, when the appalling drought augmented the emer- gency.... / A group of chief state school offi- cers, representing some of the more severely affected states, met at the headquarters of the NEA. Data collected by Charles A. Lee, presi- dent of the National Council of State Super- intendents and Commissioners of Education, and by a field investigator from the Research Division of the NEA, were carefully consid- ered by the state superintendents, and a pro- gram looking toward federal assistance was drafted and forwarded to President Roosevelt, together with a recommendation of the United States Office of Education. Following this con- ference, press reports indicated that the Presi- dent had directed Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes, and FERA Administrator Harry L. Hopkins to draft a plan to keep schools open for the next three months. In November 1934, a series of regional con- ferences in the West was called under the auspices of the Joint Commission on the Emer- gency in Education of the NEA and the De- partment of Superintendence. These conferences were devoted to consideration of the nature of the educational emergency and the necessity for meeting it. Resolutions for action were adopted and forwarded to government offi- Cinls. 2. The House Committee on Education heard evidence a year ago on the need for federal relief for education and arrived at the conclu- sion that 1934-35, the current school year, would be an emergency year for education. Legislation expected to guarantee every child in the nation a normal length of term this year was introduced into Congress immediately. Yet schools are at this moment closed in state after State, in spite of the fact that applications for assistance have long been pending before the FERA. Furthermore, [Cont. on page A-74] Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 I eee ee ee ee ee oe eee Saas. foothills of the Rockies, offers you unsurpassed opportunities for com- bining summer study with recreation. Organized hikes and week-end outings; visits to glaciers; automobile excursions to Rocky Mountain National Park; moun- tain climbing; mountain camp maintained for summer students. Altitude of one mile, within sight of perpetual snow, gives unex- celled climate and stimulating atmosphere. Te UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, in the COMBINE N. E. A. AND SUMMER SCHOOL Intermission makes this possible N. E. A. Denver, June 30 to July 4 SEND TODAY for Complete Information DEAN of the SUMMER QUARTER (DEPT. s) University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. Please send me the bulletins checked below: Summer Quarter Catalogue—— Summer Recreation Bulletin—— Field Courses in Geology and Biology-—— Graduate School Bulletin Mention Tue JourNAL when writing our advertisers * Aeroplane view showing beautiful 140-acre University of Colorado campus (in starred oval), nestling at the very feet of the Colorado Rockies, at Boulder, with the majestic, snow-capped peake of the Continental Divide in the background. First Term, June 13 to July 20 (Intermission, July 1 to July 5) Second Term, July 22 to Aug. 23 Courses in Arts and Sciences, Medicine, Law, Education, Home Economics, Busi- ness, Journalism, Art, and Music. Field courses in Geology and Biology. Maison Francaise. Casa Espajiola. University Theater with special instruction in Dra- matic Production. Nursery, Demonstra- tion and Training Schools. Many special courses for teachers, supervisors and administrators. Special opportunities for graduate work. Organ recitals and public lectures. Vacation Railroad Rates Boulder Common Point from East and South University.f Colorado, Boulder, Colorado NaME—— ee pane Street and No. City and State—____ Summer Art Courses June 24 to August 2,1935 The School will offer many new courses especially planned i for teachers and supervisors. Drawing, Painting, Design, Teaching Principles and Technics, Interior Decoration, Crafts, Marionettes, History of Art, Advertising Art, etc. Painting Courses also offered for full academic credit at Saugatuck, Michigan School of Painting. For catalog address Associate Dean Dept. K. M., Art Institute of Chicago Michigan Ave. at Adams St., Chicago. ‘THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO PRIMAR Y¥ TRAIN ING June 21—Summer School—August 2—Located in CENTRAL CHICAGO on LAKE FRONT Summer Trrron—CaRL MILLES | courses by Specialists in Primary Methods—Curriculum—Art—Handwork—Children’s Dramatics—Kindergarten Methods—Playground—Nursery Schools and Academic Subjects. at Children’s School illustrating New Procedures. Literature— Demonstration Classes Observation and Practice Teaching Facilities. (Accredited.) Also 2 special 2-week Conferences in Recent Trends in Childhood Education June 24 to July 5 and July 8 to 19. Address Registrar, Box E Pestalozzi Froebel Teachers College, 616 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago Summer of SHORTHAND and TYPEWRITING S h | LONG ON ACTUAL TRAINING short on useless theories , Cc oo transcription and practical typewriting from the start . . . exclusively for college graduates. Director: Miss Lola Maclean, Author Walton-Maclean for Typewriting Procedure and Practice Teachers’ Manual Trainer of 175-200 wpm Shorthand Reporters. WRITE FOR THE SYLLABUS. Teachers ‘asa . of interest to every progressive teacher. ress: Detroit Commercial College, Woodward Avenue, ATIONAL COLLEGE of 49th Year EDUCATION Spend a profitable 6 weeks’ summer session on the shores of Lake Michigan. New inspiration, fresh impetus, likely advance. Preliminary and advanced classes for teachers in Kindergarten and Elementary grades. Also cultural subjects, including History, Literature and Art socialized activities. Unusual observation opportunities— demonstration school. College Dormitory. June 21-August 2. Two weeks’ special courses June 10-21 and July 8-19. Edna Dean Baker, President, Box 516-E, Evanston, Il. Detroit, Mich. Perry Kindergarten Normal School Founded 1898 by Annie Moseley Perry Preparing high school graduates for nursery school, kindergarten, primary and playground teaching and for training children in the home. Limited enrollment in- sures personal attention. Supervised practice teaching. University credits. Send for booklet ‘‘Training Children.”’ HARRIOT HAMBLEN JONES, Principal, 25 Huntington Ave., Room 316, Boston, Mass. FOR GOOD NATIONAL ASSOCIATION | Write for list of rOR Goons | of TEACHERS AGENCIES | ooo tecommende and recommended leading"educators TEACHERS Secretary—532 Genesee Bldg. N.Y. Rochester a ~ ce = Oe i OKI ITT TEACHERS 720 CF as On A 410 U.S.NaT Bann BLOG DENVER. COLO Write Us Your Needs. Employers meet appli- cants at our office during N. E. A. Wm. Ruffer, Ph. D., Manager ANTE D SUPERINTENDENT—PRINCIPAL OR SUPERVISOR on pages A-64 and A-65 of this publication. Necessary Qualifications: 27 to 40 years of age, Normal school or college graduate with success- ful teaching and administrative experience. Must have car and be interested in modern teaching methods. We are looking for a few Super- intendents, Principals, or Super- visors with sales personality, for each section of the country, to demonstrate new nationally en- dorsed and nationally advertised teaching materials to teachers during the summer vacation. Successful applicants will earn $250.00 to $300.00 per month in commission and bonus. See the Write at once, giving age, edu- double page announcement and cation, experience, and dateavail- the Consulting Staff behind this able. Address Teachers’ Service long-needed, nation-wide project Department. F. E. COMPTON & COMPANY COMPTON BUILDING 1000 N. DEARBORN ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Mention THE JouRNAL when writing our advertisers A-74 (Cont. from page A-73] even states which have received some aid did not in many cases get assistance promptly enough. At a conference held in Austin, Texas, November 19, 1934 Arkansas school officials informed me that more than 100 schools were closed even at that early date. The school term was about one-third over and yet not one cent of federal relief money had been received at that time. .__ There are 1584 schools now closed in eleven states, with one state in which many schools are closed not included. The number closed jp each state ranges from one in Minnesota to 1000 in Tennessee. There are 250 schools closed in Texas, 127 in Oklahoma. In addition to the schools which have already succumbed, we learn that 10,152 schools would be forced to close now if teachers’ salaries were required to be paid in cash. Eighty percent of all the schools in Mississippi are included in this num- ber. 3 I believe that the people of the country would expect this Committee and the Congress to take appropriate protective action with ref- erence to the sehools in this crisis, just as al- ready has been done with reference to many other matters of primary national importance. Experience thus far definitely points to the de- sirability of having funds for keeping schools open in distressed school districts handled by the Office of Education thru responsible state school officials. Education is an important pub- lic service which, as experience shows, cannot be successfully administered on a relief basis, Horace Mann schools—In connec- tion with the coming celebration of the Horace Mann Centennial in 1937 there is a movement to name schools for Hor- ace Mann in the various communities of the country. The following is an in- complete list of such schools: Arizona, Bisbee; California, Beverly Hills, Compton, Glendale, Long Beach, Los Angeles, Oakland, Pasadena, San Francisco, San Jose, Fresno County [Horace Mann elementary school], Plumas County [Horace Mann ele- mentary school] ; District of Columbia, Wash- ington; Colorado, Denver; Indiana, Craw- fordsville, Gary, Huntington, Marion; Illinois, Chicago, Gary, Oak Park, Rock Island; Jowa, Iowa City; Kansas, Kansas City, Pittsburg, Wichita; Massachusetts, Amesbury, Boston [School for the Deaf], Everett, Franklin, Newton, Newtonville, also Bridgewater [Hor- ~ ace Mann Auditorium, State Normal School] and Framingham [Horace Mann Dormitory, State Normal School]; Michigan, Detroit; Minnesota, Minneapolis, Virginia; Missouri, Kansas City, St. Louis; New Jersey, Bayonne; New York, New York [Horace Mann School, Teachers College, Columbia University], Schenectady; North Dakota, Fargo; Ohio, Canton, Cincinnati, East Liverpool, Lakewood, Lima; Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Shawnee, Tulsa; Pennsylvania, Chester, Pittsburgh, Scranton; Washington, Seattle, Spokane, Ta- coma. Persons having information about other schools named for Horace Mann are invited to send them to Joy Elmer Morgan, 1201 16th St. N. W., Washing- ton, D. C. The Journal of the National Education Association SUMMER SSESSION UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT July 8th to BURLINGTON Courses affording superior Opportunity for self-improvement, for teachers desiring certification credit, graduate students and undergraduates. City conveniences and unsurpassed recre- ational advantages. Lake Champlain, on ake ntry Qe Nut eevial Green Mountain and Adirondack excur- * sions, trips to Montreal and Quebec, * | under University direction. Enrollment re. limited to one thousand. i. Write for Iustrated Catalog. 100ls BENNETT C. DOUGLASS, Director 1 by Burlington Vermont state = ~ pub- | = || UNIVERSITY | wi YLAND || o& MAR | te SUMMER SESSION, 1935. | here Lor- June 26 to August 6 | ities in- Eight miles from Washington. Suburban district, Graduate courses. wai Undergraduate courses. Tills, Courses for Teachers of all reles, zrades. Jose Expenses for tuition and liv- » ing are low. itary ele- For Bulletin, Address the ash- Director of the SummerSession | om University of Maryland, nots, College Park, Maryland. owa, urg, at Attend the In, all UNIVERSITY ool} OF PUERTO RICO ory, this summer, July 1-August 16 roit ; SEE ouri, Cuba, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, nne; Santo Domingo, New York City, and Wash- | n00l, ington, D. C., on a 6000-mile ity], Travel-Study Cruise hio, | The cost is surprisingly low. ood, For details address nee, Prof. R. L. BUNTING irgh Sam Houston Teachers College 4 Huntsville, Texas Ta- — —— — - BANNERS ELK SCHOOL OF ENGLISH June 25 to August 6 out Banners Elk, N. C. 4000 feet up in the air! Graduate courses taught by ann distinguished novelists, short story writers, poets, dramatists mer pee en w= seme on creatiwe writing. ery low rates. ing- Write for illustrated circular. E. 0. GROVER, DIRECTOR, % ROLLINS COLLEGE Winter Park, Fla. tion Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 A membership goal for 1935-36— Reports regarding general economic con- ditions indicate definite improvement. Boards of education in many communi- ties are restoring full school services in- cluding salary schedules. Let us advance our professional associations to their pre- depression status. Would it not be a good plan for each state to set a 10 percent increase as its goal for NEA membership in 1935-36? Superintendent Frank G. Pickell of Montclair, New Jersey, has been ap- pointed a member of the Executive Com- mittee of the Department of Superin- tendence in place of Charles S. Meek resigned. Mr. Meek was formerly super- intendent at Toledo, Ohio. The Denver convention—Those members of the Association who are planning to attend the summer conven- tion and who wish additional announce- ments about it, should write Secretary Willard E. Givens, 1201 16th St., N. W., Washington, D. C., about June 1. The Department of Elementary School Principals will hold its meet- ings in Denver at the Central Christian Church, 16th and Lincoln Streets. On Monday afternoon, July 1, a panel dis- cussion, “The Environment and _ its Relation to the School,” will be held. S. D. Shankland, executive secretary of the Department of Superintendence, is chairman of the panel. The Colorado and Denver principals will sponsor the Tuesday afternoon, July 2, program. Central City Opera House Play Festival—Central City, Colorado, easily accessible from Denver, and in the heart of the gold mining district, is the scene each year of a play festival. The date of the opening this year has been moved up to July 6 for the convenience of teachers attending the Denver con- vention. A_ special ‘dramatic review called “Central City Nights” will be held in the historic old Opera House of Central City. A practise to be encouraged—At the recent annual meeting of the De- partment of Classroom Teachers of the Florida Education Association, two Florida teachers—Miss Rowena Long- mire of the Florida State College for Women and W. A. Little of the Uni- versity of Florida—were named as master teachers. “The School Principal Surveys the Job” will be the theme of the “Our American Schools” radio program Sat., June 1, at 4:30 Pp. M., Epst. M. Emma Brookes, principal, Miles-Cranwood Schools, Cleveland, [Cont. on page A-76) Mention Tue Journat when writing our advertisers VACATION STUDY 2 OF ——— Amonc the guest professors on the distinguished summer faculty are: ®Dr. Clyde M. Hill, Professor of Secondary Education, Yale University. ® Dr. Roswell H. Johnson, well-known authority on social hygiene and eugenics. ® Dr. Samuel Burkhard, Head of the Department of Education, Arizona State Teachers College. ®Dr. W. W. Kemp, Dean of the School of Education, University of California. ® Dr. Benjamin H. Lehman, Professor of English, University of California. ® Dr. Alfred W. Palmer, President of the Chicago Theological Seminary. ® Dr. Y. C. Yang, President of Soo- chow University, China. Study blends with recreation in a set- ting of tropic splendor where Islands —beauty -famed—provide an envi- ronment of surpassing charm. Here, where world travelers meet and trade routes cross, you find a fully accredited university offering more than eighty credit courses. This summer is your opportunity to lift study from routine surroundings and raise it to magnificent adventure. Low living costs, tuition and steam- ship fares make this glamorous ex- perience possible for as little as $250. Write for a detailed bulletin (includ- ing costs) which will be forwarded upon request. Please address: DIRECTOR OF Summer Session UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIl Honolulu, T. H. [Cont. from page A- Department of Elementary School Principals of the National Education Association will speak on the subject, “Your Child and His School.” “The Three C’s of the School” will be the title of an address by Samuel Berman, principal, James R. Ludlow School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and chair- man of the 1936 editorial committee of the Department of Elementary School Principals. The “Our American Schools” series are broadcast each Saturday at this time by the NEA. A nationwide survey of projects and programs to meet the problem of out-of-school and unemployed youth sixteen to twenty-four years of age has been launched by the federal Office of Education. More than 12,000,000 young people have reached the age of em- ployability since October 1929, and millions out of school are out of work. The NEA should embrace all phases of education and should stimulate virile growth and organization in all phases of the profession. There should be strong organizations of all levels and phases and these should be linked together by a comprehensive organization like the National Education Association that would synthesize all interests and con- 75] Ohio, and president, solidate all forces behind the full and harmonious development of these inter- ests. Such a compact organization would make more possible the task of properly visualizing the function of education and of realizing its purposes.—President Henry Lester Smith. The National Association of Stu- dent Government Officers, an organ- ization sponsored by Superintendent Willis A. Sutton for the National Educa- tion Association, will hold a meeting in Denver in connection with the conven- tion of the NEA. Membership in the organization is by schools, the annual dues being $2.50. Interested schools should send these dues with the name of student president, sponsor, and principal to Warren E. Schuell, Sapulpa, Okla- homa. A membership certificate and fur- ther information will be returned to your school. County superintendents in Kansas use a score card for teachers, which gives points for membership in state and na- tional professional associations. Why not present to each graduate a copy of “Your Life in the Making” [see page 157] as a special commencement message to him? Copies in leaflet form may be ordered from the Division of Publications of the National Education The National Educa- tion Association is in- debted to Secretary Emeritus J.W. Crabtree, who conceived the life membership plan. His name and that of the Association are synony- mous. The time for taking out a CRABTREE LIFE MEMBERSHIP is limite j July 1 Enrol now and MR. WILLARD E. GIVENS, Secretary 1201 Sixteenth Street, Washington, D. C. my first payment June 1, 19 pin or button when the first payment is made. re City and State Dear Mr. Givens: I wish A aw a life member in honor of J. already paid for the current a may be applied on the first payment. HF Rep RP ULL, ARO ARN TET emientibions Address CRPPH MM EHEHEEE SESH SS SER SEES COSHH CEH OSH SCE EH EOH SES FHSS HOHSHHHESE EH HK SESH HH ESEHO HH HESSEHOEEHE SHES O ES ESE SS Mention THE JouRNAL when writing our advertisers THE LIFE MEMBERSHIP DINNER IN DENVER, COLORADO, ON MONDAY, JULY 1, WILL BE IN HONOR OF DR. CRABTREE—DON’T MISS IT] Crabtree, Secretary Emeritus of the National Education Association, and to make . lL understand the entire amount of" $100 can be paid in equal annual installments of $10 each, and that membership dues I also understand that I will receive the life membership certificate, card and gold Association at the following prices; 25. 49 copies, 3¢ each; each; 100 or more copies, $1 per 109 No single order under 50¢. All orders under $1 must be accompanied by cash No Retreat is the name of a pageant written by students and teachers of University Hill School of the University of Michigan, presented for the first time during commencement week, 1934, as q celebration marking the tenth anniver. sary of University Highschool. A school board meeting cutting out the “fads and frills” during the present depression, the struggle of early American education, the schools of today contrasted with those of pioneer times are some of the scenes in this five act play. No Retreat is an excellent example of interpreting the schools thru dramatic art. It may be presented by, amateurs without payment of a royalty fee. It is published by Samuel French, 25 West 4th St., New York and 811 West 7th St., Los Angeles, 35¢. The faculty of the Oswego, New York, State Normal School has inaugu- rated a program of rural practise teach- ing, whereby prospective teachers live in the rural districts during nine weeks of teaching. Women teachers [ Cont. on page A-78] receive one of the certifi- cates in the = special series. Nothing in your | professional life can | mean more to you than | a permanent tie-up with | your own group. Education is the bul- wark of our democracy. | A life time interest in the | one national organiza- | tion of your profession is desirable. 1935 May, 1935 | ee The Journal of the National Education Association 50-99 copies, 26% EI S: 25. geant TS of ersity time » as a iver. Choo] S and n, the ation, With f the treat eting Ly be ment 1 by New reles, New ugu- ach- ve in Ss of *ooeveHHUOEUULUTALALAULL EVI TT ST UT] | amma mT ut a jyinaduneas Uusaenetent ea ett _- ae isiand “iii a iy | Yellowstone Park Mi See ii yyy) aT MAI THA ti . i Hi ih iil Niall _ he ail NEW EASE url il WEA. CONVENT DENVER JUNE 30-JULY 6 A glorious opportunity to enjoy the cool comfort, tonic air and matchless grandeur of the Rockies! And to combine education with recreation! A Mi | ION Special and advanced summer courses at Colorado College, Univer- sity of Denver, State Teachers’ College COMPLETE and University of Colorado. Unique ALL-EXPENSE educational program at Y. M. C. A. TOURS Conference Camp, Estes Park. Meals wee eg, 4 low cost— and lodging at moderate rates. lorad: llowst ° So. j varias Yr Most Convenient and Comfortable day during the season. Service. Ask for Summer Outing Booklet and Circularon | ROCKY MOUNTAIN LIMITED wee ~~ in Air-Conditioned Throughout Chair Cars, Sleepers, Diner, Observation-Lounge Only one night en route Chicago to the Rockies For All-Expense Tour information, tickets, reservations, write to L. M. ALLEN, Passenger Traffic Manager Rock Island Lines 759 La Salle St. Station, Chicago, Il. ROCK ISLAND LINES THE ROAD OF UNUSUAL SERVICE En Route to the N. E. A. Enjoy Travel at Its Best on the COLUMBINE Join your friends and fellow delegates en route to Denver on this beautiful modern train. Cool, clean, air-conditioned comfort. Delicious food. Expert service. Convenient morning departure from Chicago, mid-day arrival in Denver. While You're West, See the West Take advantage of Denver’s nearness to Amer- ica’s greatest scenic vacationlands .. . the Colorado Rockies, Yellowstone, the Black Hills, Zion- Bryce- Grand Canyon National Parks, California and the San Diego World’s Fair, the Pacific Northwest and the Canadian Rockies. Plan a glorious post-convention va- cation somewhere lata agg in the glorious lake regions of Wisconsin, U gpd Michigan or Minnesota. Write us for f formation. R. THOMSON, Passenger Traffic Manager Chicago & North Western Ry. 400 W. Madison St., Chicago CHICAGO & NORTH WESTERN RY | Sescccccncccccccccccccccccnccscccccccccecs NP ae OE a, he RE WET. Grand Canyon and Great Fall of the Yellowstone —*The Grandest Array of Spectacles I Ever Beheld” Wruar is the greatest sight in Yellowstone,” was asked of an Iowa educator, back from America’s Wonderland. To which she replied: “I cannot say, for it is the grandest array of specta- cles I ever beheld.”’ Land of geysers, rainbow-colored terraces, boiling pools, wild animals, mountains, lakes, rivers, waterfalls, Gardiner Gateway, Cody Road, the incomparable Grand Canyon—Magic Yellow- stone is truly a spectacular vacation land. Plan to include it in your trip to the N. E. A. convention at Denver. Go by Train in Air-Conditioned Comfort Northern Pacific’s all-Pullman Flyer, The Comet, serving Yellowstone Park, and the famous North Coast Limited, between Chicago and the North Pacific coast, are com- pletely air-conditioned for summer travel. Fares are very low. Mail the coupon for information and literature on trips to Yellowstone or anywhere West. SSSee8Ge8e8 a8 a8E. E. Nelson, 773 Northern Pacific Ry. SSS 888888 St. Paul, Minn. 149-8 I am interested in a trip to Yellowstone. © Escorted, All-expense Tour. Indicate O Independent Trip. Which :) (J 0) How will it fit in with N. E. A. Convention? wet (> es. yl SS SSS eS Se = in my itinerary. Name... Address Mention THe JournaL A-77 Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 when writing our advertisers - ey A DAY THAT BEGAN four thousand YEARS AGO BIG TREES You wouldn't “skim” through Cairo... or do the Taj Mahal on the run! For the same reason, the Mariposa Grove of Big Trees is worth a day of its own on your visit to Yosemite. Here are 600 sky-sweepers, standing in a favored Sierra spot that the ravages of Nature have left untouched. These stately Se- quoias were already as large as most trees grow when Caesar ruled Rome. At their heart is the new Big Trees Lodge, a wealth of comfort and interest, where California mountain birds hop on your table for crumbs at lunchtime. The Mariposa Big Trees are included on all-expense tours of Yosemite (rang- ing from 2 to 4 days and $25 to $62.50). Your travel agent can arrange it. For an illustrated Yosemite vacation booklet, write: Dr. Don Tresidder, President, Yo- semite Park and Curry Co., Box 83, Yosem- ite National Park, California. . OVERNIGHT FROM SAN FRANCISCO OR LOS ANGELES —EEE, [Cont. from page A-76] who served over- seas during the War are planning a re- union this summer at their national con- vention in Glacier Park which follows immediately after the NEA convention in Denver. For complete details, write Mrs. Elise L. Lewis, 195 Claremont Avenue, New York City. William T. Harris—The September 1935 issue of The International Educa- tion Review will be a special number, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of William T. Harris, who was president of the National Education Association in 1875 and appointed U. S. Commissioner of Education in 1889. One writer says of him: “For at least 35 years, from 1870 to 1906, William T. Harris was the most influential man in American education.” Eight million children on relief rolls—There are eight million children under 16 years of age on federal relief rolls according to a statement made by Miss Katharine F. Lenroot, chief of the Children’s Bureau, before the American Red Cross on April 10. This is just eight million reasons why every teacher in America should become an intensive stu- dent of the social-economic conditions in the country in an effort to understand causes and remedies. Readers’ choice of articles they liked best in the March 1935 JouRNAL | was as follows: First, “The Battle for Free Schools” by Charles A. Beard and William G. Carr; second, the special feature “The National Education Association As It Is and As It Should Be”— the six articles receiving so close a vote as to constitute a tie in several cases; third, “The Ethics of the Teaching Profession”; fourth, “Mother, What Can I Do?” by Frank K. Reid; fifth, “Significant Trends in World Affairs” by Stephen P. Duggan. What Counted Most is an excellent title for a book just off the press, writ- ten by Secretary-emeritus J. W. Crab- tree. This book is not a conventional biography but a story of great human interest, dealing with those things that helped Mr. Crabtree most in giving service as a teacher, superintendent, highschool inspector, college president, and secretary of the National Education Association. What Counted Most will be enjoyable to Mr. Crabtree’s thousands of friends thruout the country, helpful to young teachers entering the profes- sion, and interesting to anyone who ap- preciates the significance of the schools in our American democracy. What Counted Most is published by The Uni- versity Publishing Company, Lincoln, | Chicago, Dallas, New York; the price, $2. | Mention THE JOURNAL when writing our advertisers All day, every day! The romance of thrilling companions as you rest or play by day; dance or stroll at night. The romance of the exotic tropics as your ship slips smoothly through a glistening sea. The romance of foreign ports —and their exciting, romantic history! A whole world of it is yours! By day you play thrilling games on broad decks, swim in te. freshing salt water in one of two large outdoor pools, tramp vigorously around the vast prom. enade. When evening comes, there are pre- release talkies, entertainment, concerts, dancing to rhythmic strains under millions of blinking stars! As much of it as you desire! Spacious, airy cabins — all outside— enhance your sleeping hours. Beautifully furnished public rooms invite you to lounge in classic luxury. Deck chairs in the glowing sunshine, fanned by cooling sea breezes, beckon you to loaf! All yours on these delightful Circle Tours by Panama Pacific to CALIFORNIA! One way water—one way air or rail All the joys oflife are yours on one of these ever-thrilling trips! 5500 miles around America by sea, visiting foreign lands en route. 3500 miles by air or rail across America. 3 weeks—or 3 months! Reduced steamer First Class fare—$185. Tourist Cabin $120. Fare and a half for round trips by sea. Choice of routes. Sail - from New York or California on 33,000- ton Virginia, California or Pennsylvania, largest and only ships in the service with air-cooled dining salons and two outdoor pools. Visit Havana, Panama Canal, Balboa, Panama, San Diego (for Mexico), Los Angeles (Hollywood), San Francisco. Stop- overs granted. Fares cover transportation from home town and return, meals and shipboard expenses. Apply to your travel agent or write Dept.C at the address be- low for complete details and itineraries. PANAMA PACIFIC LINE Associated with American Merchant, Baltimore Mail and United States Lines to Europe; Panama Pacific and United States Lines Cruises. Main Office: 743 14th St., N. W.. Washington, D, C. The Journal of the National Education Association For Mexic which Health to Lin Bank Sin of th Marck reprin dents enrol Tean’ Du S v P i a ih — Play loor om- pre- rts, s of airy ing >ms eck by re na es ion For information concerning the Mexico Child Welfare Bureau, hich each year sends Friendship Health Chests to Mexican children, write io Lincoln Wirt, director, 603 American Bank Bldg., Los Angeles. Since the publication of “Ethics of the Teaching Profession” in the March JouRNAL, 4500 copies of these reprints have been ordered. Learning to fly—Seventy-nine stu- dents, twenty-four of them girls, are enroled in the aviation courses at the Teaneck [N. J.] Highschool. From Western State Teachers College at Kalamazoo, Michigan— Much of the February JouRNAL was well received in an assembly period on our campus this morning, when a group of eight students gave a program in com- memoration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of highschools in this country —Carl Cooper. The traveling theatre—The ex- tension division of Indiana University has plans completed for a traveling theatre which promises to carry the social pleasures and cultural advantages of play-going to all parts of the state. The season of this traveling theatre be- gan April 14 and will continue until the second week in June. The new constitution adopted March 14 by the DuBois [Pa.] Teach- ers Association contains two outstanding features: [1] 100 percent enrolment in the PSEA and the NEA. [2] The presentation of a life membership in the NEA every third year to a member of the DuBois faculty. The recipient of the award to be judged on merit only—service to Local Branch, outstanding service in DuBois schools, etc. A test of democracy—Make a list of all the people in your block, or if you live in a small community, in your town, who are employed. How many of them are employed by locally-owned enterprises? How many by absentee- owned? Just before the May JouRNAL went to press a telegram was received from | Superintendent Calvin Smith, Cotton- wood, Utah, saying that the community project described on pages 139-42 in this issue won first place in the ‘More Beautiful -America” national contest sponsored by Better Homes and Gardens. Connecticut ter- [Cont. on page A-80] Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 - = i pee brit A Co agunada's Rockies The Triangle Jour ond JAS P ER Nohond/ PARK —where summer’s heat is tempered by glacier-cooled breezes— where you breathe mountain air laden with the perfume of spruce —where you can play golf on a championship course in a moun- tain setting—where you can ride trail and “rough it,” or enjoy the quiet refinement of delightful Jasper Park Lodge, open June 23 to Sept. 15. Swim in a heated open-air pool beside shimmering, colorful Lac Beauvert—motor—climb mountains—fish. A vaca- tion at Jasper National Park means all this—and more. Beyond Jasper see Mt. Robson—monarch of the Canadian Rockies—marvel at peak on peak, valleys, canyons, glaciers and gorges, waterfalls and mighty rivers—a new and awe-inspiring scene at every turn of this magnificent trip. Make this your summer vacation and include the famous Triangle Tour—Victoria and Vancouver, the 600-mile cruise of the scenic Inside Passage, Prince Rupert, Kitwanga, quaint Indian village with its Totem Poles, the Skeena, Bulk- ley Gate and many other interesting spots. Perhaps on to intriguing Alaska, “‘America’s last fron- tier’”’—land of romance and gold and the trail of ’98. —or a Canadian National vacation in Eastern Canada—in delightful Ontario, romantic French Quebec, or at an inland or seaside resort in one of Canada’s Maritime Provinces. Low summer fares. Write or call at any Canadian National office for booklets and information. Stopover at Jasper Park Lodge 74750 he Jasper Golf Week and Totem Pole Tournament, Sept. 1-7 Canapran NaTIonaL To Everywhere tn Canada BOSTON DETR MINNEAPOLIS PORTLAND, Me. 186 Tremont St. 8ST. PAUL 1523 Wothieoe Bivd. 634 ries Ave, Grand Trunk Ry. Sta. 83 East Fifth St. BUFFALO DULUTH EW YORK SAN FRANCISCO WASHINGTON, D.C. 420 Main St. 428 W. Superior St. 63 Fifth Ave. 648 Market St. 922 15th St. N.w. CHICAGO KANSAS CITY PHILADELPHIA SEATTLE LONDON, Eng. 4 So. Michigan Bivd. 705 Walnut St. 1500 Chestnut St. 1329 Fourth Ave. 17-19 Cockspur St. CINCINNATI LOS ANGELES PITTSBURGH 8ST. LOUIS PARE, FRANCE 49 E. Fourth 8t. 607 So. Grand Ave. 355 Fifth Ave. 314 No. Broadway 1 rue Scribe Mention Tue JourNAL when writing our advertisers ROMANCE the flower that blooms by moonlight on your own great ships TO EUROPE fi i _ TOURIST ‘20 4 ROUND CLASS TRIP The sun, a big red ball of fire, has slowly sunken from sight on the far distant hori- zon. Thereis atemporary lullin the gayship- board activities as you prepare for dinner. Soon dinner progresses in the appetiz- ing atmosphere of air-conditioned dining salons, and the moon becomes brighter and brighter against a star-filled sky. Dinner over, couples wander out on deck. The dance music from the lounge echoes faintly. The spell of moonlight and starry skies envelops the wanderers. Romance blooms—a romance never-to- be-forgotten—a romance that will be cherished ever! Such scenes have been re-enacted time and time again on the sensational American liners Washington and Manhattan, fastest of their type in the world. They are the liners Americans choose, for they offer amazing comfort and luxury at surpris- ingly low fares. Modern to the Nth degree, they offer every known modern feature, including the supreme luxury, air-con- ditioned dining salons (exclusive in the service). Yet round trip fares in Tourist Class are as low as $204! Or, if you prefer informal ease and good times, consider the very popular Pres. Harding or Pres. Roosevelt. You enjoy the same delightful voyage, in Cabin Class, highest on the ship, only $234 round trip! These four liners sail weekly to Cobh, Plymouth, Havre and Hamburg. See your travel agent. His services are free. __ semen __ UNITED STATES L | N E Associated with American Merchantand Baltimore Mail Lines to Europe; Panama Pacific Line to California; Panama Pacific and United States Lines Cruises. No. 1 Broadway, New York A-80 . [Cont. from page A-79] centenary—lIn the summer and autumn of this year Con- necticut will celebrate the 300th anni- versary of the settlement of the state. This occasion is of interest to the entire United States because constitutional government based upon a written con- stitution was first established in Con- necticut. A commemorative stamp is being issued by the U. S. Post Office Department. The stamp has as a central design the reproduction of the historic Charter Oak. The Selbyville, Maryland, High- school was in complete charge of gather- ing and editing the news of the April 4, 1935 edition of the Eastern Shore Times, published at Berlin and Ocean City, Maryland. This 20-page edition, in celebration of the Tercentenary anni- versary of the American highschool, con- tains much excellent material on local, state, and national school conditions. Raising the standard—This year the following states will license no teach- ers [except under conditions of emer- gency| who have not completed four years of post-highschool education: Cal- ifornia, Connecticut, Maryland, Massa- chusetts, New Jersey, and Washington. This is encouraging, but it should be re- membered that forty-one American com- monwealths are still surpassed by Scot- land, Germany, and Japan in respect to the standards of education required of elementary-school teachers.—William C. Bagley in Survey Graphic, May 1935. The superintendent of schools in Orange, Massachusetts, Edward C. Hempel, reports that the highschool in his system in September 1934, inaugu- rated a course in consumer education. It is called “Common Problems” and uses | such books as Stuart Chase’s The Econ- omy of Abundance, Chase and Schlink’s Your Money’s Worth, Kallet and Schlink’s 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs, bul- letins of Consumer’s Research, Incor- porated, and the Consumers’ Guide, published by the Consumers’ Counsel’ in Washington—From The School Review. The Central Normal College, Dan- ville, Indiana, reports 100 percent en- rolment of its faculty in the National Education Association. This informa- tion was received too late to permit its inclusion with the list on page 170. | Waldo Wood is president of Central | Normal College. What the World War cost—The World War, all told, cost—apart from 30,000,000 lives — $400,000,000,000. With that money we could have built a Mention THE JouRNAL when writing our advertisers The Journal of the National Education Association $2500 worth acres and gi family Austré land, Russi: city © each jibrar Out 0 aside provi army salar} nurse Ill will « niver cises Since man from large Unit Go this Summer... to the D: of t! ciati chus ‘ J aud SOUTH AMERICA {c= Bro Sail on gleaming white liners with outside staterooms, outdoor swimming pools, orches- add tras, mechanical ventilation. fare HAVANA, JAMAICA, B. W. I1., PANAMA J CANAL, COSTA RICA ... . 17 DAYS trat Every Thursday. Ample time to S J | inspect Panama Canal. Opportu- up Nat | nity for thrilling rail trip from ¥ Port Limon to San Jose, Costa Rica’s mountain capital. J JAMAICA, B. W. 1., COLOMBIA, SO. AM., Fu PANAMA CANAL ... . . 18 DAYS | Hu Every Saturday. Visiting Kings- § d ton, Jamaica, B. W.1., Cristobal, up mil Canal Zone, and three ports in = Colombia, South America—Cartagena, Puerto Colom- bia (Barranquilla) and Santa Marta. Pe: ALL EXPENSE JAMAICA TOUR. . 11 DAYS ‘ Every Saturday. Including ac- $ TE commodations at Myrtle Bank up Ww Hotel and 40-mile sightseeing Wi tour of the city and the famous Castleton Gardens. Ww. 1 Similar “Guest Cruises” from New Orleans Los Angeles and San Francisco Fad For information, literature or reservations apply any Authorized Travel Agency or United Fruit Co. Pier 3, North River or 332 Fifth Ave., New York. UNITED FRUIT COMPANY J 4 itside ches- AYS Pup pital. AM., AYS olom- AYS dens. ‘iation $2500 house, furnished it with $1000 worth of furniture, placed it on five geres Of land worth $100 an acre, and given this home to each and every family in the United States, Canada, Australia, England, Wales, Ireland, Scot- and, France, Belgium, Germany, and Russia. We could have given to each city of 20,000 inhabitants and over, in each community named, a $5,000,000 library and a $10,000,000 university. Qut of what was left we could have set aside a sum at five percent that would provide a $1000 yearly salary for an army of 125,000 teachers and a like salary for another army of 125,000 nurses—Nicholas Murray Butler. Illinois State Normal University will commemorate the seventy-fifth an- niversary of the first graduating exer- cises, during commencement week 1935. Since the first class graduated in 1860, many illustrious alumni have gone forth from Normal University, now the second largest state teachers college in the United States. An elaborate pageant will | be a feature of the exercises. Other fea- tures include publication of a history of Normal University by Professor C. A. Harper, historic exhibits and displays, and alumni reunions. Dates to be remembered— May 3l-June 1—Tenth Annual Conference of the New England Health Education Asso- ciation. Further information may be secured fom Mrs. John Fuller, secretary, Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. June 13-16—Eighth Training Course for Camp Counselors at Camp Northover, Bound Brook, New Jersey. For further information, address Dr. M. Alice Asserson, Children’s Wel- fare Federation, 386 Fourth Avenue, New York. June 24-26—Sixth Annual School Adminis- trators Conference at Peabody College. June 30-July 5—Denver convention of the National Education Association. July 3-23—Tenth annual seminar in Mexico. Further information may be obtained from Hubert C. Herring, 287 Fourth Avenue, N. Y. July 8-13—Conference on Educational Ad- ministration, Stanford University, [Continued from page 170] PENNSYLVANIA—Lewistown, Fifth Ward, Street, Sixth Ward, Wayne Street. Texas—Houston, Briscoe, MacGregor, Memorial. WASHINGTON—Spokane, Alcott, Edison, Stevens. West VirGinia—Mercers Bottom, Sunnyside; Mineral County, Beryl. WisconsIn—Milwaukee, Bay View High, Paul Binner, Doerfler, Forest Home Avenue, Fourth Street, Garden Homes, Girls’ South Junior Technical High, Hawley Avenue, Hi-Mount Boulevard, An- drew Jackson, Albert E. Kagel, Kilbourn Junior Technical High, Rufus King High, Lincoln High, Ludington, North Division High, North Pierce Street, Emanuel L. Philipp, Pulaski High; Supe- rior, Timothy O. Howe; Waukesha, Waukesha _ Senior High. CODETUTOR Amazingly effective system of marking students’ exercises and tests. 2,400 corrections indicated at one operation of lever. Code of 2,223 possible replies Individualizes instruction. Logan on clock face in a square. Banishes drudgery. Address: Hardin Lucas, Times Building, New York, N. Y. Volume 24, Number 5; May 1935 CRUISE ‘835° ALL EXPENSES xcCcEaPT AT KRAGWAY ALASKA — MAJESTIC, SERENE, ETERNAL. BELOW: LAKE BENNETT RUISE where it’s glorious June all summer and the sun shines C for 20 hours of the day ... back to the Yukon Gold Rush days .. . to the land of the sourdough, the Northern Lights and the Midnight Sun. Cruise in modern comfort from Vancouver, Victoria and Seattle, for 2,000 vivid miles through the famed Inside Passage to Ketchikan, Wrangell, Taku Glacier, Juneau, Skagway, and back. Luxuriate on deck, play deck games, dance, gaze spellbound at “live” glaciers that soar skyward from the sea. Enjoy 36 hours at Skagway —go by rail over the “Trail of ’98” to Lake Bennett and West Taku Arm. Berth and meals on steamer included, except at Skagway. Frequent sailings from Vancouver each week. Low summer tourist fares to Pacific Coast ports and return. Include the Canadian Rockies. Ask for illustrated booklets. Special 101/-Day Cruises to Alaska—$100 up All expenses included except at Skagway (visiting Sitka, going or returning) From Vancouver to Skagway ....... June 28, July 12, July 26, July 31, August 9 CANADIAN @ CANADIAN PACIFIC NATIONAL NEW YORK— Madison Ave. at 44th Street NEW YorK—673 Fifth Avenue PHILADELPHIA—1500 Locust Street PHILADELPH1IA—1500 Chestnut Street BOSTON—405 Boylston Street BOSTON—186 Tremont Street cCHICAGO—71 East Jackson Boulevard cHIcaAco—4 South Michigan Blvd. SAN FRANCISCO—152 Geary Street SAN FRANCISCO—648 Market Street LOS ANGELES—621 South Grand Ave. LOS ANGELES— 607 South Grand Ave. SEATTLE—1320 Fourth Ave. SEATTLE—1329 Fourth Ave. MONTREAL— Windsor Station id) MONTREAL—360 McGill Street Offices and Agencies throughout United States and Canada the Mention Tue Journat when writing our advertisers New worlds for your Sabbatical Leave... EAST OF SUEZ in the realm of P20 Explore new fields on your Sabbatical leave .. . go East! Together Cunard White Star and P & O open before you all that realm beyond Suez .. . the largest fleet on the Atlantic and the Line supreme in the East, cooperating to make your voyage not only swift, safe and incomparably comfortable, but economical, too. Cross to England ... then sail on the new s.s. Strathnaver or s.s. Strathaird or any other great P &Oliner. Regular sailings to Egypt, Sudan, the Persian Gulf, India, Burma, Ceylon, Straits Settlements, China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, East and South Africa, Mauritius, etc. PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL AND BRITISH INDIA STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANIES ROUND THE WORLD TOURS — Not only are P & O ports natural world tour highlights, but many amazing itineraries have been de- vised at rates as low as $874 First Class, $551 Cabin and Tourist Classes. They are complete tours and yet leave you free... you go when you please, eastward or west- ward, and your tickets are good for two years! CRUISES FROM ENGLAND—+to climax any tour of Europe—varied itineraries to the Mediter- ranean and Northern Wonderlands in season. Complete information from Your Local A gent or CUNARD WHITE STAR 25 Broadway GENERAL AGENTS New York A-82 VACATION TOURS AT ECONOMY PRICES Art Tours—Motor Tours Mediterranean Cruises England, France, Russia, Italy, Spain INVALUABLE TO TEACHERS RECREATION DNwid RE- CREATION Make the U.S.S.R. your vaca- tion goal this year . . . there’s more recreation, more stimula- tion and real “change” in a land that’s alert and alive! And you'll get greater value, too... basic all-inclusive rates are $15 per day First Class, $8 per day Tour- ist Class, $5 per day Third Class. Special 1935 attractions are the summer sessions at Moscow University, registration now Bureau of University Travel 21 Boyd St. Newton, Mass. MEDITERRANEAN , “ah open at moderate rates .. . and Scholars Vacation Cruise; Holy — the great Moscow Theatre Fes- Egypt — 17 countries and islan is. tival, Sept. 1-10. For a unique University summer school courses in travel thrill, include in your tour the Trans-Siberian Railway. Send for interesting Booklet NE-5 art, history, government, etc., by lead- ing professors. Acceptable for pro- —er fessional alertness and degree credits. and map. Specially chartered cruiser S. S. INTOURIST INC. SLAMAT from Southampton July A 9 . U. S. Representative of The Travel 21st, returning August 28th. Rates, Company of the U. S. S. R., 545 Fifth including shore trips, $450 up. Ave., N. Y. . For further details apply to YOUR TRAVEL AGENT KNOWS UNIVERSITY TRAVEL ASSOCIATION, INC. WN 66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY Sm TOUR THE ORIENT Honolulu, Japan, Korea, China (with Peiping), Hong Kong, Philippines, etc., 61 days, conducted $675. 45-day cruise $420; 47-day cruise-tour $600. From Vancouver by Canadian Pacific June 29, and July 13. First-class ashore; tourist on ships. First- class on ships extra. Write for illustrated folder. MEARS TOURS Estb. 1920, 3309 Berteau, Chicago, I. Getting an inside view of SOVIET RUSSIA ... The OPEN ROAD EUROPE $295 ALL EXPENSE First Class Hotels Ocean Passage Tourist Class METROPOLITAN TRAVEL COMPANY Metropolitan Building, Boston, Mass. helps you penetrate beneath the surface. Through long-established connections with Soviet institutions and through its own independent representation in Moscow, it enables you to meet people . . . affords more than ordinary tourist services. Inquiring travelers . . . students, teachers and members of the profession . .. are in- vited to consult regarding their plans . . . either for group tours or individual ar- rangements . . . without obligation or expense. FOREMOST CONDUCTED TOURS NINTH SEASON The OPEN ROAD (Soviet Tour Department) 56 West 45th Street New York SEND FOR BOOKLET. ALLEN TRAVEL SERVICE 134 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. BENNETT’S _eEGceErs, RANCH COLORADO AN IDEAL PLACE FOR TEACHERS | Moderate rates in Comanche Lodge or furnished | cabins. Fishing and Saddle Horses. | Write for Booklet T. P. BENNETT & SON, Eggers, Colorado MOSCOW UNIVERSITY SUMMER SCHOOL 9% weeks of travel and study $369 to $379 including passage Cooperating with INTOURIST Mention THe JourNAL when writing our advertisers The Journal of the Nationa! Education Association 2!