‘ - isd VOL. XI OCTOBER, 1922 No. 8 Ie 7, PR SEER The JOURNAL of the NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION sa? Progress in Professional Organization Education in Brazil Education for Leisure ; , , Executive Committee and Board of Trustees—1922-22 The Towner-Sterling Bill Education as a World Problem ’ ; Third International Moral Education Congress The Boston Meeting (Summaries of Reports) Revenue for Education , , ; Education in England and Wales Since the War American, I Can (poem) Why the History of Education? Editorial Notable Service in Education Building Up an Estate Notes on British Schools Enrolment and Affiliation Teachers’ Cottages in Hawaii University Extension Debating Evolution of Handwriting in Education Lincoln, The Man of the People (poem) Complete Report of the Auditors Guide to New Books School-Building Progress The Menace of Illiteracy Notes and Announcements In the Field Directory of Advertisers Published monthly, except July and August, by the NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET NORTHWEST, WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second class matter October 28, 1920, at the postoffice at Washington, D. C., under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 26, 1921. People or Things ? The moment we step into a house That unrelated objects : Which matter more? where things matter more than people, we know it. house merely shelters a collection of without respect to the comfort of their users. The importance of things is as instantly apparent in a The children memorize and recite un- * - In the name of geog- geography class. related facts. Facts are things. raphy they stumble, bemused, through a maze of bounda- ries, products, and the like, knobby bits of information. Today geography is putting its house in order. Teachers who have always known that people did matter more than things have discovered the way to teach geography in accordance with that point of view. They have looked for human geography, for the geography of cause and effect, and they are for the geography that develops reasoning power, finding it in just one place— The Frye-Atwood New Geography GINN AND COMPANY New York Dallas Columbus Chicago London Boston Atlanta San Francisco lLnelenable Service to the Nation by serving the Schools Catalogs Sent to School Men U pon Request Please give your official posity Scientific Apparatus for Laboratories A Agnculture B Biology G Physics and Chemistry New 448-pape edition Other special catalogs and bulletins School Room Equipment 4 Loose Leaf Note Books 5C General School Supplies New enlarged edition Sel AN are ts We A 5 iw § Diplomas, Certificates, etc. D_ Diploma Catalog and Samples A Sign 0f Quality as CaS De OR « ery — Pw Manufacturers, Importers and E iH SE Re i as dn fe ee 1516 Orleans j otreet Gene Cee: Exporters of Scientific and School Supplies The Technique of Thomas Hardy By JosepH W. A new study of Hardy’s novels for all lovers of English literature. This book discusses the structural style of the author in each of his novels and shows the gradual syb- ordination of artifice to art in Hardy’s successive writings, The reader who is interested in noting the various methods of novel-writing employed by one great author will enjoy this volume on literary craftsmanship. Mr. Beach’s work js 3EACH an aid to the better appreciation of good books. $2.50; post- paid, $2.60. Education for Business By Leverett S. Lyon A comprehensive examination of the existing types of institutions employed in educating for business fields. An answer to the questions: What should education for business strive todo? And how should the work of educating for busij- ness be divided? $3.50; postpaid, $3.60. A Naturalist in the Great Lakes Region By Exxiot R. Downinc A new type of illustrated Nature-guide that will help the student identify the living things he sees on the earth and in the air and water by showing how Nature, following a definite system, has combined plant and animal life into groups or associations. A book for the hiker’s knapsack and the Nature-study class. Illustrated. Cloth, $2.50; postpaid, $2.60, Flexible binding, $3.50; postpaid, $3.60. Order these books today a your decler or THE UNIVERSITY 5864 Ellis Avenue Chicago - Life Liberty and The Pursuit of Happiness are ideals of our civilization. Chief amon}, the factors con- tributin’, to the attainment of these ideals 1s Universal Education We strive with you toward Greater National Progress Through Education AC IR] C4 Mark of Service QUALITY ELCH SERVICE W. M. Welch Manufacturing Company A Mark Of Service A pps iratus C hicago, Ill., U S.A OF CHICAGO PRESS Illinois den met in f cloy int nev forc ica, new I pro hav pra cou : f = eaten er ' a, sy EVE ANY people think they are teach- ing a child what the world is like, when in reality he is only learn- ingamap. It is now generally agreed that education is not something to be forced on children from without, but rather the directing and fostering of the child’s natu- ral capabilities. The old method was attacked at least 150 years ago. It was in 1762 that Rous- seau said, “If the child sprang at one bound from the mother’s breast to the age of reason, the present education would be quite suitable,” for “the wisest writers de- vote themselves to what a man oughi to know, without asking whai a child is capa- ble of learning.” But though the greatest advances in the theory of education have been made in ac- cordance with Rousseau’s doctrine, it is only within the last five years that the new methods have been at all widely prac- ticed. Even now they are but vaguely known in a great part of the educational world. They have been left little more than empty shells. Why? For Want of Proper Material As acceptance of and belief in these new methods has spread over the country, there has been a growing demand for a work that should make these new methods a practical reality. The corps of eminent educators who co-operated in planning and creating Compton’s Pictured Ency- clopedia knew, better than any other group of men in the country, the trend of modern education; if the new methods were to become tangible, constructive forces in the everyday development of young Amer- ica, they knew that the modern methods must have new material. In Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia they have ae goo much more than a new encyclopedia—they ve made a supplementary text that is universal, practicable for every teacher and every pupil in the country. In usable form, Compton’s Pictured Ency- clopedia embodies the best in all modern methods. runs throughout the entire Motivation work, and the learn-to-do-by- doing suggestion will be found in science, industry, geography, nature study, and, in fact, in every de- partment where practicable; in addition, gathered together in one section of the work, will be found carefully planned, graded, motivated outlines for every school subject. demands a The Problem-Project wentth of vital, motivated material on every subject. That the Project Method may be more than a mere name, every AMERICAS NEY — oe ae Pe eee Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia Up to Date—New in text and treat- ment. Every word written since the World War. Pictured—Pictures convey essen- tial ideas; unnecessary parts of photo- graphs removed. Thousands of pictures, one for every idea that needs a picture, 99% of which are in halftone or color. The only encyclopediain which halftones are incorporated with the text they illus- trate—right where they belong! Each picture makes a distinct contribution— pi aeney 2 written caption above and legend below make each picture tell its full story. Every one indexed. New Maps—Every one made since the World War. — That catch the interest and lead into the article. Text—Composed in clear, vivid style to catch and fix the attention of = — but not written down to the c Comprehensive—A1|] organized knowledge included. Properly Proportioned — With the —_ of school boys and girls ever in mind. 8 Volumes—Unique Fact-Index makes this encyclopedia complete in 8 volumes. Fact-Index—An invention in in- dexes—occupies 325 pages in the eighth volume— pronounces, defines, explains, locates, describes —in itself a quick, con- cise, dependable miniature encyclopedia. Indexes every picture and fact in the first seven volumes, and adds thousands of others which one would not expect to find in a work designed primarily for children. Alphabetically ed— With Guide Posts to indicate the contents of each page. Tabloid Information—At the be- ginnings of articles, whole subjects are epitomized. Edited—By scholars of interna- tional reputation. American — Prepared in America for American school children—primary and secondary. Beautiful— Printed on pure white paper that is free from glare and reflec- tion of light; abundance of color pages; binding is beautiful and strong enough for the hardest school use. AEP PLM. Dose Mh ge Se RO a I TS RAD ON ay RNAI Re Mme 87h a important industry, for example, is treated fully in these books, and every important precess in every industry is really pictured. For instance, “Railroads,” entitled The Sieel Roads That Commerce Travels, is completely treated in eleven pages; and in twelve interesting halftone illustrations, every important step in their development is effectively pictured. Visual Education is a phrase that we in the school world have been discussing for ten years, but, until now, we have never seen the theory put into usable, prac- tical form. A prominent educator, after seeing Comp- ton’s Pictured Encyclopedia, said: “‘I have seen Visual Education for the first time!”” This doctrine of Visual Education was the most important one upon which these books were based. The finished work includes thousands of pictures, chosen from more than half a million—one for every idea that can best be grasped through the medium of a picture. By means of a special caption and text of its own, each picture is made to tell its full story. The old woodcut and pen drawing have been discarded en- tirely. This is the only encyclopedia in which half- tones are incorporated with the text—right where they belong! The Psychological Law of aewanother subject which school peo- Interest ple have been talking about ix years, but which has never really found expression in any encyclopedia untiL. now. Here it is put to its utmost use in all headlines, titles, captions and text, which focus the attention upon the most salient feature of subject or picture. For example, although these books are alphabetically arranged, the account of Prehistoric Animals does not present them under the bald title of Animals, Prehistoric, alone. They are introduced through their most significant char- acteristic: Giant Monsters of Long Ago. All articles and pictures are treated in this interesting way. Every page of Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia is new. Every sentence was written since the signing of the Armistice. Even such recent events as the election of the present Pope and an account of the creation of the Irish Free State are included. Every word and every picture was chosen expressly for these books. In the entire set there is not one page that is a “‘revision”’ of a preceding work. But new in a still deeper-respect is this encyclo- pedia. Great educators have presented organized knowledge in an entirely different way, a way which, at last, makes practicable and usable, for both the teacher and the student, the new methods of teaching. Three years were consumed in preparing Comp- ton’s Pictured Encyclopedia, and it cost more than $450,000—one of the largest publishing ventures ever launched. Today it is ready—a tremendous achievement of the New Age, and perhaps the greatest tool ever placed in the hands of the teacher. On the Next Two Pages you will find brief explanations, showing how Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia treats some of the more important school subjects. There also you will see in small reproductions the character. of its illustrations. >See ts fone my ati Se ee Ee i ee (ee 2 = see ANE RTE antec eae A-148 COMPTON'S New %450,00P A new kind of reference work in eight volumes designed by co ic u American educators to be minutely accurate and yet intensely intey».4n ha and thoroughly usable in the everyday work of the schoolroom, Thegture partments and features briefly described on these pages have been seiired i to illustrate the treatment of some of the broader school subjects, the article on India, which continues through 15 pages, each one fully as interesting as the one reproduced. In these 15 pages there are 25 half- tone illustrations! Every step in the study of India is effectively pictured. Here is real Visual Education at last made practical. In picture, heading and legend, the very soul of India is projected immedi- ately into brilliant relief. This is education that is irresistible! Do you think a child would ever forget the vivid impression that this first page would make on his mind? Notice the educational value and the interest of the heading; how the legend below makes the pic- ture tell its full story. Read the text for its interest- ing and scholarly style. Notice the tabloid infor- mation summarizing the whole subject. Although reduced in size, notice that the type is still clear and readable. Subheads divide the text into sections dealing with people, industries, products, water courses, commerce, history, physical features, etc., so that any special information is readily accessible This article on India is a typical geographical treatment from Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia. Every state in the Union, every province in Canada, and every country in the World has an in- teresting, exhaustive article profusely illustrated. Each of these articles is accompanied by a fine new Political-Relief map, one of the notable features of this new encyclopedia. So full of material needed for supplementary reading in schools, for the study of the specific problem or the problem-project with its far-reaching ramifications is this new work that it would be difficult to name even a phase of a sub- ject not treated exhaustively and attractively in story and picture. This is the kind of thing the school world has been looking for! A T the right, reduced in size, is the beginning of i 2) colors. treatment. When hungry, the chameleon “‘lies low” with its color adjusted to its surround- ings. When an insect passes by, the chameleon shoots out its long tongue, striking its prey with the skill of a trained marksman. The insect is glued to the tip of the sticky tongue and is drawn back and swallowed. A motion-picture camera caught the views above. e z ey Pa Ge Ya SA = 4 bs» AD teach them the laws of health or sway them a * This picture takes you into the very heari of the story of India. It presents two of the most important as of land—its crowded population and the powerful influence of its ancient religions. For here we see a dense throng bathing in the Ganges River near the city of Benares. From all parts of India they have come to wash a heir “sacred waters.” Back they will go, probably scatter ene ly Life eat Nort ports or broadcast the germs of plague and cholera. Before At the East, Western civilization still stands almost helpless, unable to penetrate the ranks of this vast army of om their age-old customs, ‘ ‘$f life, th of less th NDIA. A land of fas- cinating and infinite variety is India, which thrusts 1,900 milesdown- ward from the Himalaya Mountains into the Indian Ocean and is fifth of the human race. And what contrasts among these crowded people! They are divided into numerous races and clans; they speak more than 100 distinct languages and dialects; they profess Extent.—North to south, 1,900 miles; east to west, 2,000 miles. Area, thousands .800,000 square miles. Populati % SR oo ee y ‘ ; ya ge stern an estern yinti on a ye hats, inclosing the Deccan victims to the ye pal rivers: Indus, Gang Products.—Millet, rice, wheat, barley, ebanete, cotton, jute, sugar, indigo, coconuts, tobacco. Cities. Calcutta" (1,235,000 population), Bombay (980,000), #8 the dras (520,000), Hyderabad (500,000), and Delhi, the capital north the gr inhabited by almost one- Pe rts x ion of British India, 1774-1856; Indian Mutiny, 1857; pansio y alaya Mo Such intimate glimpses , " ®& into the lives of birds and animals as that of the chameleon’s unique method of catching insects, furnish strong points of contact in this most fascinating department of school work. Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia embodies a thorough- ness and freshness of treatment of all natural history subjects seldom equaled even in books devoted entirely to that subject. Here the reader will meet every animal, from the gigantic prehistoric dinosaur to the tiny jumping mouse, all pictured. The manner in which these subjects are treated together with the study outline present many valuable helps and innumerable suggestions to the teacher, which will make the content of the the day’s work much richer. Special features are a section of fifty common birds of America (representative of the great groups) in their natural Animals in their native haunts with special color Every common tree, showing in each case the bark, leaves and fruit. The section on “Plant Life” is par- ticularly complete and copiously illustrated with the best pictures anywhere obtainable. All other subjects of this department are treated with a thoroughness and attractiveness never before attempted in a work of this character. A New Idea in Index Making! The Fact-Index occupies 325 pages in Volume 8 (the last volume). It gives you page references to every bit of infor- mation and to every picture in Compton’s Pictured Encyclo- about 315,000,000. and tl plateau; deserts in Sind and Rajputana. rahmaputra. es, and B The land itsdfqp!tant. . tea, and opium; cotton and silk man- almost as many orld W ery hu er Sout or Amc metal work; coal, gold, and petroleum. Aryan invasion, about 1500 3.c.; rise of Buddhism, 6th of the century B.c.; Alexander the Great’s conquest of the northwes' highest mo man, ¢ 327 B.C; Mohammedan seas 1001 a.p.; establishment o ths of Empire, 1526; English East india Company obtained trading world, are ¢ at Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1696); end nea of Plassey established British supremacy over the French, eternal Snows ( idle i takes over government from East India Company, in the extrem pOStess Cape Comorin doch at coral-studded foot into warm tropical wala e Unit (Part of page 1743 res ee des dia. It also provides the following features which) in no other index ever printed: fo Gives pronunciations—defines unusual words—loag © % 7 city, state, river, lake, mountain, cape or bay you “dia Jeac find mentioned in general reading! Gives areas, popiithrougt chief products and other important statistics—comlélfopment biographies of figures in history—identifies clearly iG scovery tant characters in literature and mythology, Biblechi yelopry famous books and events—has ‘‘ Who’s Who” sktlfthe pea prominent men and women of today. All theseate® estab]; proper alphabetical places in this most com tud reference Fact-Index. ptudy-C Every topic and every subject is indexed underallil® 7 I ings under which it is likely to be sought. Every dinest- tI a subject is indexed to the exact page. same continu The Editor believes that the Fact-Index in Gag. ivence Pictured Encyclopedia will do more to cultivate tepvle. habit in children in school than any other index thatl#praphic | been devised. shes of ay ofect Sectic > Ye ery mo Re ase wa this nev In the eighth volume is a section, prepared by March ac Bishop Owen, president of the National Education» tion, dealing with the Problem-Project. Here will be an authoritative definition of the Problem-Frl thorough discussion of its value and use it Professor Owen, head of the Chicago Normal 3 eminently qualified for the work, has ; model Projects for each subject and a comprehensisti themse| using Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia in prepa Take advantage of ou A-149 © PICTURED ENCYCLOPEDIA ic with a possible bearing on problems of modern life and educa- has received the “enlivening” touch characteristic of Compton's tured Encyclopedia. Pictures, of necessity, have been so far re- din size that it was impossible to give the captions above them. ends below pictures have been taken directly from the books. T the left, reduced in size, is the beginning of the article on the coal industry. In six mune pages the article is complete, and in 10 ae Pe % alftone illustrations, every important step in its Of: lo the Worlds Wor. development is Ghatiody bitteeed. This article A Wa a RGF eat ak Soar ye ALG me is typical of the treatment of every important in- Se, Goreme Pr ge ee on dustry, from bookbinding to soap manufacture. Read the text. See how graphically it seizes upon the keynote of coal. See how the tabloid informa- tion epitomizes the whole subject. The Problem-Project method of teaching geo- graphic and economic subjects demands a thorough study of industries. A study of the geography of Maine, for example, is incomplete without an un- derstanding of the lumbering industry that its rivers, mountains and forests have produced. Because the story of an industry is so difficult to explain in words and, when explained only in words, usually inadequate and dull for the student, schools are including more and moré . in their curricula trips to factories, millsand seats of commerce x) Saal si Visual education is becoming the dominant method of teach- “4 ing in this field. And yet, actual observation of industries, ent Northwest of the United States gets most of its coal from Ohio and Pennsylvania in giant barges like these, which bring although recognized as the best way to learn, presents enormous luth. There immense traveling cranes with “‘clam-shell”’ scoops operated by electricity work : . : “ S _— - MPEP cock spned that a poe of 6,000 tons can be unloaded in a quarter of a day. teaching difficulties since to most schools the locations of most industries are inaccessible. At the close Realizing this, the editors of Compton’s Pictured Encyclo- ay George Waching- pedia lay great stress upon a careful and actual presentation _ Plife, the world was of each important industry, and put particular stress upon ,@ less than a bushel the importance of picturing every process necessary to gain a and three pounds working knowledge of any industry. gape @ year for cach So well have the pictures been chosen, and so clearly have pitant. Just before they been made to tell their full story in caption and legend, gp orld War of 1914- that the pictures of an industry, alone, afford a normal child “Pery human being, a sound understanding of the subject. et South Sea can- Such a collection of facts and pictures as will be found in or American busi- Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia, when placed in the hands mgman, could claim of a pupil, will enable the teacher, with very little research or ths of a ton of ; labor, to conduct a highly successful project-lesson. Notice nd nearly 90 pounds of iron as his share of the Guide Post at the top of the page. These books are alpha- sjforld’s annual output. This increase measures betically arranged and there is a Guide Post for every page. ogress we have made since the days of the geoach and the spinning-whcel. e United States, coal stands next to the soil in page 811 reduced 20%) BLACK DIAMONDS ® 0 @ +, ee but underwent chemical changes. The first series of changes resulted in its transformation into peat. After the accumu- lation of considerable beds of vegetable matter in the swamps, the sur- face of the land sank and these peat-bogs be- came the bottom of seas and lakes. Then sedi- ment, such as’ sand and mud, was deposited over the accumulated vegetable matter. Thus buried, the vegetable matter was still more completely shut off from the air and underwent further chemical changes. At the same time the weight of the sediment compressed the deposits into — and iron are the bases of modernindustry. They enter into every girder and beam of a skyscraper, into every plate and rivet of an ocean liner, into every piece of whirring machinery, into our railroads, street- cars, and automobiles. Coal cooks our food and lights our houses, keeps us warm and weaves our clothing. Indeed, the greatest industrial advance that man has made from his primitive condition has been through the use of coal to make iron his slave. A nation’s coal supply measures today that nation’s chance for success in the international struggle for industrial supremacy. Nations have gone to war, in fact, for the purpose of obtaining the coal mines of their rivals. iad . By masterful linking of text with stor’ picture, Compton’s Pictured Ency- tia leads the history student from the dawn of civiliza- hrough the rise and fall of the Roman Empire, the ppment of Europe in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, scovery of the new world, the growth of modern states, ; velopment of great industries and commerce, the World he peace settlements, and finally, to such recent events establishment of the Irish Free State. Study-Outline correlates all the facts of history and we each in its chronological order and proper relation to ist. It is the thread on which the beads are strung, a od a nt ~ continuous survey of the history of the world, making “4 Former Professor of History, Indiana University For Canada RT. HON. SIR ROBERT LAIRD BORDEN,G.C.M.G.,P.C.,K.C. Formerly Prime Minister of Canady For Physics and Engineering ALBERT ey amet CARMEN, -M., D.Sc Professor of llinois Physics, University of } For Education and School Subjects a ' ioe COFFMAN, A.M, -D. President, University of Minnesota For Nature Study ANNA BOTSFORD COMSTOCK Assistant Professor of Nature Study, Cornell University For Botany one * es COULTER, A.M., ) Head of Department of Botany, Jniversity of Chicago For Catholic Subiects REV. PETER GUILDAY, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Church His- tory Catholic University of America For Chemistry 2 LAUDER WILLIAM JONES,Ph.D. Professor of Chemistry, Princeton University For American Literature WILLIAM LYON PHELPS, A.M., Professor of English Language and Literature, Yale University For Geology ROLLIN D. SALISBURY, A.M. » Dean of Department of Geology, University of Chicago For Zoology a PETER SIGERFOOS, Professor of Zoology, University of Minnesota For Astronomy WILBUR ADELMAN COGSHALL, A Associate Professor of Astronomy, Indiana University For Meteorology HENRY J. COX, Sc.D. Meteorologist, in charge of_ North Central Forecast District, Chicago For Military Subjects LUCIUS HUDSON HOLT, Ph.D.; |) Colonel, U. S. A. : Professor of English and History, United States Military Academy - (West PN or Agriculture ALBERT WOODWARD JAMISON, A.M. 4 Assistant Professor, College of Agri- culture, University of For Physiology ELIAS * POTTER LYON, Ph.D. M.D. ae Dean of School of Medicine, University of Minnesota For Naval Subjects WILLIAM OLIVER STEVENS, Ph.D. Professor of English, United States Naval a . For Problem-Projec WILLIAM BISHOP OWEN, Ph.D. President, National Education Ass ciation; Principal, Chicago Normal School. Vol. 11 No.8 THE JoURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTION ASSOCIATION A-151 ol. 3+ ° - ome DOMESTIC SCIENCE for the Grades and Junior High Schools 1492 Beginning? End? Pivotr Did nothing occur in Europe before that The LATEST, SIMPLEST BEST TEXTBOOK is Prof. Mary L. Matthews’ new book ELEMENTARY Home Economics A real textbook in Sewing and Textiles, Foods and Cookery, and the Care of the House More than a hundred illustrations Abundant laboratory practice Project Method Published in 1921. Mailing price, $1.40. Adopted as the basal text for INDIANA, NEW MEXICO, FLORIDA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, and WEST VIRGINIA HOW TO SPEAK Exercises in Voice Culture and Articulation By ADELAIDE PATTERSON, Professor of Public Speaking in the Rhode Island College of Education time, has nothing occurred since which has had a direct and lasting effect upon the course of American history? Are not the main events of world history closely connected with American development? OUR OLD WORLD BACKGROUND By Charles A. Beard and William C. Bagley is the first textbook to dwell on our con- tinuous inheritance from other ages and lands. A course in public speaking that provides abundant drills on the right use of the voice. Arranged for classroom use. Mailing price, $1.00. LITTLE, BROWN & COMPANY 34 Beacon St., BOSTON 623 S. Wabash Ave., CHICAGO THE MACMILLAN COMPANY New York Boston Dallas Chicago Atlanta San Francisco LV~) Ly ATHLETIC SUPPLIES FOR The Influence of Pictures on the growing mind is recognized by educators. Combine verbal instruction with large, clear illustrations projected on a screen by the FOOTBALL BASKET-BALL HOCKEY TRACK AND GYMNASIUM BAUSCH & LOMB BALOPTICON The Perfect Stereopticon Photographs, maps, drawings, colored prints and specimens, in fact any opaque subject that will fit in the large object holder can be projected by the Combined Balopticon, which also takes the regulation slides. With its powerful Mazda lamp, sturdy construction and ease of operation, the Bausch & Lomb Balopticon is the ideal projection lantern for schools. Write for descriptive literature and prices, BRINE SWEATERS ARE SUPERIOR OFFICIAL ATHLETIC OUTFITTERS TO HARVARD and OTHER LEADING COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS JAMES W. BRINE COMPANY 286 DEVONSHIRE STREET BOSTON(), MASS. Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. 518 St. Paul Street, Rochester, N. Y. Leading American Makers of Photographic Lenses, Sterco-Prism Binoculars, Telescopes, Magnifiers, Microscopes, Projection Apparatus (Baloptt- cons), Automobile Lenses, and Other High-Grade Optical Products on epee to fea amet oe Wy 28S SS SE RAEN ITE NRE GAEU IVES SS en Set No. 23 AMERICAN HISTORY Editors: R. N. Tryon, University of Chicago J. A. James, Northwestern University C. R. Fish, University of Wisconsin (In preparation) Set No. 25 MEDIEVAL AND MODERN HISTORY (From Charlemagne, 800) (To World after Treaties, 1919-1922) Editors: ' R. N. Tryon, University of Chicago A. G. Terry, Northwestern University Watch for our new publications from time to time along educational lines. We lead in map-making 213 Institute Place THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION The great danger in the schoolroom is inaccurate maps. Buy McCONNELL-MADE MAPS Best, most accurate maps made Set No. 27 MODERN EUROPEAN AND WORLD HISTORY (From about 1740) (To Territorial Results of Washing- ton Conference, 1922) Editors: R. N. Tryon, University of Chicago A. G. Terry, Northwestern University McCoONNELL MAP COMPANY Set No. 24 ANCIENT AND CLASSI HISTORY - (To Charlemagne, 800 A. D,) Editors: R. N. Tryon, University of Chic A. G. Terry, Northwestern University C. L. Grose, Northwestern University E. Lauer, Northwestern University Set No. 26 EARLY EUROPEAN HISTORY (From Ancient Peoples and Empires) (To about 1763) Editors: R. N. Tryon, University of Chicago A. G. Terry, Northwestern University C. L. Grose, Northwestern University E. Lauer, Northwestern University ~~ Chicago, Illinois Vol. 11, No.8 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTIon ASSOCIATION Gymnasium Apparatus Playground Equipment Steel Lockers Years of intensive specializing in these partic- ular lines have made MEDART products pre- eminent—the first choice of those who know— and who consider quality and permanence as well as price. W ILSON Write for Catalog “L” HYGIENIC WARDROBES It is a recognized guide on Gymnasium, Play- With noiseless Disappearing Doors. Also with Rolling Fronts ground, Swimming Pool; and Locker Room Eliminate cloak room, saving space. Connect with ventilating planning, equipment, and operation. Sent on system, assuring healthful, well-aired clothes. Under teacher's request to those who are interested. Write for constant supervision. Built in units four feet wide, each accom- it on vour letterhead. omer yee 17 pupils. Equipped as desired with hooks, shelves, and - ial sections. With or without blackboard fronts. Standard FRED MEDART MFG. CO. or many years in the best schools throughout the country. Write for Illustrated Circular THE J. G. WILSON CORPORATION Potomac and De Kalb Streets General Offices: 16 East 36th St., New York St. Louis, Mo. New York—52 Vanderbilt Ave. Chicago—336 W. Madison St. id Branch Offices in Principal Cities The Prime Essential for Teaching DOMESTIC ART The art of sewing and the construction of garments con- stitute the most important parts of the Domestic Art cur- riculum, and selecting the right sewing machine is, there- fore, the first consideration. The SINGER should, as a matter of course, be preferred because most teachers have become familiar with its use THE DALTON, No. 2100 in their college course. y : ? The five distinct types of SINGER machines, either elec- tric or treadle as preferred, cover the entire field of sewing LABORA | ORIES machine construction. The superior quality of this con struction is universally conceded. 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Apply by letter to appended address, stating number Wiese Laboratory Furniture Co. of each required. ENGINEERS AND BUILDERS We make specially low prices and liberal terms of pay- Twelve Sales Offices Throughout the Country ment to enable use of our machines in schools. For these Address Inquiries to: Factory: Manitowoc, Wisconsin special prices address— SINGER SEWING MACHINE CO., Inc. Singer Building, New York THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION October, 1922 ee Printing Fascinates all who take the study Creates an interest in business methods Lays the foundation for leadership Awakens the uninterested youth Makes academic studies easy Provides for mechanical skill Enthuses and sustains interest Gives a practical education Helps the student in English Creates an all-round school interest Trains in good citizenship Improves one’s artistic taste Intimately lends itself to obtain knowledge Provides for intelligent workmen Adds to the joy and happiness of mankind Is helpful in any field of business Should be taught in every school i H t Ww aK a a i b ; ; i) ry] SSS ee A ee Se oe = [eee ec Se a No obligation for our service in selecting an equipment suited to the needs of your school with complete specifications and prices Write our EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT at Chicago Barnhart Brothers & Spindler Furnishers of Superior Printing Outfits Chicago Washington,D.C. Dallas Omaha _ Saint Louis Kansas City Saint Paul Seattle Vancouver, B.C. Set in Cooper and Cooper Black Art Design Brass Rule No. 5578 Mention THe JourNnaAL when writing our advertisers. October, 1922 Progress in Professional Organization HE STRIKING GROWTH of the National Education Associa- tion in membership during the past few years is carefully analyzed in the Annual Report which Secretary J. W. Crabtree presented to the Representative Assembly in Boston. Many forces have been at work to cause the active mem- bership to jump from 10,000 to over 110,000 in less than five years. The operation of these same forces may be expected to result in a membership of over 250,000 before the Association’s annual meeting in July, 1923. Chief among them are the rising spirit of loyalty in the profession and the grow- ing confidence of the public in an organ- ization that consistently stands for the best things for the Nation’s children. The Secretary’s report summarizes the causes of growth as follows: “Changing the National Headquarters to the Nation’s capital added to the prestige of the Association and contrib- uted to its growth. The appointment of the Emergency Legislative Commis- sion in 1918 and the Commission’s for- ward-looking program of service made strong appeal to the rank and file of teachers throughout the country. The part which the Association had in secur- ing increased salaries for teachers and in promoting the interests of the profession established it more certainly in the af- fections of teachers everywhere. “The field work, the office correspond- ence, THE JOURNAL, and the general publicity, which supply teachers and the public with reliable information concern- ing the schools, have impressed the teach- ers of the Nation with the Association’s great mission and with the high type of its service to the profession. The re- organization, on the representative basis in 1920, provided a method of selecting delegates from all sections of the country and from all ranks of the profession to transact the Association’s business. It provided an adequate scheme of organi- zation for growth and expansion. The membership is practically three times what it was when the new plan of organ- ization was adopted. “Teachers are professionally-minded— The need of a high type of team-work has been felt more strongly year by year in every vocation and profession. There has been an exceptionally marked awak- ening among teachers as to the need of effective organization, not only in this country but in other countries as well. In America the growth in numbers and in the extent and quality of service is as striking in State and local associations as in the National Association itself. W. CRABTREE, Secretary of the e National Education Association, since August 1, 1917. “There has thus grown up during recent years a new sense of obligation to the profession and hence to the Associa- tion which promotes the interests of the profession. There has been developed a greater pride than ever before in the best professional standards and ideals. As teachers have become more and more professionally minded, they have naturally had a greater desire to become members of their professional association and to lend their support to its growth and success. While the new professional spirit is in part due to the work and influence of the Association, it also has been a leading factor in the unprece- dented growth in membership. [303] “The all-inclusive National Associa- tion—Formerly teachers did not appre- ciate the advantages of team-work in a large way. They sought to do big things working separately. More _ recently came the idea of working together in classes in various lines of work—or in local organizations, each having worthy ends in view and making honest efforts for needed improvement. We are now in a period when classes and groups as well as individuals realize the wisdom and value of codperation through the all- inclusive organizations. The ties in each of the associations—the local, the State, and the special or departmental—have become stronger as the bond which holds them in the all-inclusive group has be- come more effective. “It might have been possible earlier to destroy the all-inclusive character of the Association, but since the need of team- work is so well understood and the desire for it so firmly established, it would re- quire much more than personal griev- ances or differences on small issues to break the unity of effort which now operates through the National Education Association and which gives size and permanency to the enrolment. “The Association is entrenched in the confidence of the public. It has the good- will and support of professional and other organizations. It uses its good offices to establish a more cordial codperative feeling between teachers and community. It helps the public to appreciate the work of the schools. This is the greatest serv- ice which it can render to the profession and is no doubt the real underlying cause of recent growth and development. “The appeal that wins—In soliciting memberships, the Headquarters Staff has kept in mind the high standards and ideals of the Association. It has not made appeal to the selfish interests of teachers by promising personal benefits of various kinds, but instead has appealed to the professional pride of teachers, promising only such personal rewards as come from the elevation of the profession as a whole and from the general educa- tional uplift which combined effort alone can give. This type of appeal has met with a response which indicates that the eet f ee ee ee ee a ee ee ME tay Co A SEES a SS RT EAT RS LONE: a 1910 — 1922 ROD0G D000 teachers of the United States are willing to give their support to the cause of the profession from the broader point of view.” The Report calls attention to the com- parative growth and purposes of the na- tional associations of Great Britain and America (See THe JourNAL for May, 1922, p. 173) and describes the plan of codperation between the Association and affiliated and other units, particularly as related to the work of the newly-estab- lished Research Department. No other characteristic of the Asso- ciation as described in the Report reveals its enormous influence so well as the chart (reproduced herewith) showing its coéperation with other great National organizations. “The Report states: “The Association has the coéperation of leading National civic, patriotic, fra- ternal, and religious organizations in carrying out the fundamental planks of its platform. The relationship of co- operation is definite, and though not so binding as affiliation it is perhaps equally effective. In affiliating, the organization pledges itself in advance to give support, because in affiliating it becomes an inte- gral part of the Association itself. The connection through coéperation secures support only as the cause is worthy of support. It means that the Association must use care in deciding on the planks which it puts into its platform. It means that the codéperating organization will give stronger help because of giving it from the standpoint of conviction and genuine interest. The present plan is highly satisfactory to codperating organi- COUNT MADE AT END OF EACH CALENDAR YEAR 8 ial 5 i BF 4 il gree ek SS AD Re ical fetid Ade ich al ach orf / 196 1917 198 1919 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucATION ASSOCIATION oy hte St 3 ae SE Ss Se I a ioe mem 8 86°: ee 190 19 «192 193 INA IDS ~ JULY 4- 1920 1924 1822 zations and should be continued indefi- itely. “Cooperation with the American Le- gion—A joint program of work was out- lined a year ago by the Committee on Education of the American Legion ‘and the Board of Directors of the National Education Association and was adopted by the Representative Assembly at the Des Moines meeting. It placed the American Legion squarely behind a few essential educational policies and pledged the fullest codperation of both organiza- tions in the promotion of the interests of the public schools.” The relation of its departments to the Association has never been fully de- termined. ‘They have grown up in response to special needs. Some of the departments have been built around needs so fundamental that they have maintained strong activities from the first. Other departments, formed in response to temporary needs, have, after a few meetings, prepared programs with difficulty and in some cases have been dropped from the list of departments. Some of the departments have considered the employment of full-time secretaries as a means of giving stability to their work. To employ such secretaries with the necessary complements of clerical help for each of the twenty-one depart- ments would involve a large expenditure of funds and would probably result in an organization too top-heavy for the best results. The Secretary has worked out a plan which will give the depart- ments the advantage of continuous and immediate connection with Headquar- October, 1922 ters. The plan proposes the appointment of a member of the Headquarters’ Stag to act as secretary or assistant secretary for each department. This arrangement will maintain the unity of the Head. quarters’ organization and avoid duplica- tion of effort. It isalready in operation in the case of the Department of Super- intendence, whose secretary—Mr. §, D, Shankland—divides his time between the work of the department and _ special duties assigned by the Secretary of the Association. The Report contains diagrams show- ing the use made of the various rooms in the beautiful headquarters’ building and recommends the purchase of addi- tional property adjacent thereto. “Although the buildings on this ad- jacent property are old, they would serve for a few years for the storage of volumes, for mailing and shipping, for multigraphing and printing, and for other similar purposes, leaving the pres- ent building for the main offices of the Association. Within five or ten years there will be the need of constructing a fine building on this site or an enlarge- ment of the present building, which is rated as one of the best office buildings in Washington. It would be both eco- nomical and wise to make this purchase, and I recommend that steps be taken at the earliest moment to contract for it.” The Headquarters’ organization as described in the Report is composed of five departments: “Records and Ac- counts, established in 1917; Field Work, established in 1918; Business, established in 1919; Publications, established in 1920; and Research, established in 1922. There are two assistant secretaries with the same rank as heads of departments: One has charge of the business interests of the Association under the direction of the Secretary, and the other assists in the general correspondence and _ has special charge of important phases of the work with afhliated associations. “In the larger departments, the one next to the head or director has the rank of assistant. In the department of Records and Accounts, the position is Assistant Recorder, in the Department of Publications, the position is Assistant Editor, and in the Secretary’s Office, the position is Assistant to the Secretary. As other departments develop and the num- ber of employees increases, the rank of assistant will be given to others. The larger departments are divided into di- visions, the head of the division holding a place of responsibility. With the mn — 8 = ww — = aSelU Ol relC PCOOPTTCUSO sry .lUe Vol. 11, No.8 growth in membership, the number of these divisions will increase. Division heads rank next to head assistants. “The present plan of organization is economical and effective. It groups the work in five departments with the neces- sary subdivisions and enables a compara- tively small force to do an enormous amount of work. It requires only a few men and women on high salaries, thus making it possible on the limited income of the Association to provide adequate clerical help. “Appointment and tenure—There are now in the central office a secretary, five heads of departments, two assistant sec- retaries, three chief assistants, three heads of divisions, ten expert stenogra- phers,and twenty-five or more typists and clerks. At times during the year, ad- ditional help is needed. The number of typists and clerks will be increased to forty or more for next year in order to care for the additional work due to in- creasing membership. “The Secretary is elected by the Board of Trustees for a term of not to exceed four years as provided in the Charter and By-laws. The Field Secretary is elected by the Executive Committee for a period of four years also. All other members of the staff are elected for one year and then reélected without specify- ing the time for which elected. They are subject to the ordinary tenure regu- lations. “Just as boards of education elect principals and teachers on the recom- mendation of superintendents, so the Executive Committee elects members of the Headquarters’ Staff on the recom- mendation of the Secretary. Were the Executive Committee to elect on its own initiative, responsibility for weaknesses in the office force would not be definitely fixed. The present plan places the responsibility for results on the Secretary, where it properly belongs. The tenure ideals of the Association are essentially the same as those of the best public- school systems. Although formal rules have not been adopted, the practice of electing employees on the recommenda- tion of the Secretary and of observing proper tenure regulations has become an established policy of the Association.” Amendments to the By-laws provid- ing for a larger membership fee have been proposed from time to time. The Secretary’s Report meets the issue squarely as follows: “The membership fee of $2 appeals to teachers as being reasonable. There is now the opportunity of paying $5 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpuCATION ASSOCIATION 305 annually and receiving the volume of Proceedings and all publications of the Association, yet few superintendents and college presidents and practically no teachers pay the higher fee. A fee of $4 for enrolment and membership was tried out for years without apparent suc- cess. Teachers on low salaries manage to spare $2 a year for membership dues, and yet those on higher salaries are slow to pay more than that amount. It must be remembered that this $2 is in addition to local, district, and State membership dues. It must be remembered also that departments are now adding a depart- mental fee of from $1 to $5. “If the fee is too large the membership will be small. If the fee is small and yet large enough to be respectable, the en- rolment will be high. The $2 fee has proved to be a popular sum. It has been successful. It is increasing the member- ship of the Association. It purchases office supplies, pays for THE JouRNAL, covers the expenses of committees, pro- vides for research work and pays fer other valuable services. It is the goose that lays the golden egg. “The $2 fee will not cover the expenses of delegates to annual meetings. A $5 fee would likely provide less funds for this purpose than the $2 fee because the enrolment would be much lower. It will be better in the long run for the local and State associations to increase fees for this purpose than for the Na- tional do so. ‘Teachers will pay larger fees to the local than to the National Association. It is only natural that they should do this. “The $2 fee, which maintained the Association during the period of business depression, rendering remarkable service — in maintaining and even in increasing salaries for teachers, should accomplish even more for the Association as cost of paper and printing reach a lower level. In my judgment the $2 fee is ample.” Budget estimates and estimated income for 1922-23 are set over against income and expenditures for 1921-22. They show a total of $310,000 for the current year as compared with $233,868.69 for 1921-22. (See THe JourNat for Sep- tember, p. 288.) After commending the loyalty and work of the various departments and the various members of the Headquarters’ Staff, the Report closes by calling atten- tion to the need for a comprehensive edu- cational program as follows: “There is need of a larger educational program than has ever been made. The Association’s platform points the way. This larger program should be prepared by the best talent in the Association and affliated units with the codperation of all agencies. It should include the adap- tation of the course of study for the public schools to the current political, in- Association to ; ; ee 2 ee oe Ale ela ee oe rant A a — Sh Ne ee SP: SEE SED ACRES for + it- Vol. 11, No. 8 THE JouRNAL OF THE NATIGNAL EpucaTION AssocIiATION 331 Teachers Cottages in Hawaii VAUGHAN MacCAuGHE\ Superintendent of Public Instruction, Territory of Hawaii, Honolulu, T. H. RECENT YEARS, there has been a rapid develop- ment of public interest in education throughout the mainland of the Ter- ritory of Hawaii. ‘There is notable interest in the subject of living accommodations for teachers in the rural schools of the mainland. Many pro- gressive rural communities are building teachers’ cottages. Hawaii is primarily an agricultural country. The great agricultural. Sugar cane plantations, pineapple fields, coffee plantations, banana _ plantations, farms, taro farms, and stock ranches comprise the bulk of Hawaii’s industry. Outside of Honolulu and Hilo, employment is largely rural. The plantation villages and communities are made up largely of agricultural workers. The system of providing cottages is an old one in Hawaii, going back to the middle of the last century. The teachers’ residence was built on the school lot, which was owned either by the Mission or by the Crown. The first cottages were small and primitive, in keeping with the simple architecture of the time. It must be remembered that Hawaii had a highly developed educational system long before the western States were extensively settled. At one time, children were sent from the Northwest URING also a industries are rice teachers’ and from California to Hawaii to re- ceive their education. From those early days down to the present time, there has been a steady growth in the number and character of the teachers’ cottages. Recently constructed cottages com- pare favorably with the better suburban bungalows and cottages. For example, the type of cottage now provided at a number of larger rural schools would rent in Honolulu for from sixty to ninety dollars per month. The school cottages are almost in- variably built on the school lot adjacent to the buildings. In most of the larger rural schools, the principal has a separate cottage for him- our regular school 7 HE MOVEMENT to provide teachers’ cottages is further developed in Hawaii than in the United States. in use by teachers in the Territory. These are photographs of typical cottages self, or herself, and family. The con- struction is using Douglas The jority of the cottages are one story, as frame, spruce or Norway. great ma- the name implies, but, in a few cases, there are substantial two-story dwellings. ‘The or more porches or lanais, living room, cottage usually comprises one dining room, individual bedrooms, bath rooms, kitchen, and—in some instances— large screened sleeping porches. In some of them, the kitchens are semi-de- tached, to lower the fire hazard. The furnishings of the cottage include chairs, dressers, tables, beds, rugs, window shades, stoves, safes, and ice boxes. In earlier years, the cottages were not furnished, but during recent years, the Legislature, through substan- tial appropriations, has made it possible for the cottages to be simply but com- fortably furnished. The following letter from a group of mainland teachers, who came to the Islands last fall, will indicate one re- action of cottage system in Editor of the Hawaii view—Dear Sir: From the _ deepest gratitude we this public testi- mony to the unexpected and very gener- ous teachers’ “To the Educational Re- newcomers to the Hawaii: write teachers No one can fully appreciate the pleasure that we felt unless she too welcome the six coast received. has been a coast girl plunged into the new and not altogether easily adaptable circumstances of a teacher in a planta- tion school of the Hawaiian “From the moment we landing place, where we were met by Islands. crossed the some kindly citizens with cars, and given the best breakfast obtainable at one of the local hotels, until we crossed the threshold of the cottage which was to be our home for the next year, we have But felt welcome and wanted. more 332 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION October, 192) especially when we entered the cottage did we see evidences on every side of the thoughtfulness of the men and women of . . . The interior of the cot- tage had been freshly painted, the neces- sary furniture had been made the previous school year by the manual training boys and nicely stained during the summer. ‘The windows shone clear and were hung with dainty curtains, and the dressers and tables were fitted out with covers to match. The kitchen was almost completely equipped with the needed utensils, and there was a very complete set of tasteful and pretty dishes—all of which girls especially ap- preciate. “From the outset of the school year, we have been called upon by the women of the plantation, and we really have felt an enthusiasm for entering into community affairs. The clean and dainty appearance of our cottage as we explored it made us long to do the best we could for the boys and girls whose parents had been so thoughtful of us who were almost strangers to them. Since all these things have been done for our comfort, we feel that it would be the least we could do in return to give their boys and girls the best we have of ourselves, our ideals, and our advantages from the Statex And not a little has been added to this en- thusiasm by the quick and ready re- sponse of the boys and girls.” The effects of the teachers’ cottage system in stabilizing the teaching force are obvious. The teachers who are assigned to the rural schools are given lodgings gratis, with no _ additional charge and in addition to their regular salary. “leachers in Honolulu and Hilo provide their own lodgings. In so far as is known to the writer, there is no other part of the United States where the teachers’ cottage system has been developed to the degree found in Hawaii. of all rural Territory. Here, it is a regular feature schools throughout the pate in importance to freedom and 1 justice is popular education, with- out which neither justice nor freedom can be permanently maintained.—Gar- field. GRINDSTONE that had not grit in it—how long would it take to sharpen an axe? And affairs that had not grit in them—how long would they take tc make a man?—H. W. Beecher. University Extension Debating Rospert J. KERNER Professor of Modern History, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri T IS GENERALLY ADMITTED by careful students of politics that a democracy never faces a greater danger than apathy on the part of its citizens for the vital problems of the State. That our democracy is being brought face to face’ with this menace to its very existence is confirmed in many ways. Rumors from the movie colonies or gossip of the baseball field take the cream of our enthusiasm and the bulk of our curiosity, while conferences on international affairs and crises in inter- nal administration are dismissed with the most formal interest. The great tasks which stare us in the face as a nation in internal reconstruc- tion and in the field of world politics— at a time when our civilization is being questioned—are passed by with the non- chalant air of a bored and jaded public. In our large cities, where schools and broad-minded thinkers are accessible, amusements play the stellar role and attract the adventurous and the curious from the rural districts. ‘The slow, the backward, and the inaccessible are left to vegetate in the countryside. In the large cities the result is in- difference; in the rural districts, ig- Their combined result is an ignorant and apathetic public opinion. For the large cities there exist institu- tions and organizations which can tackle the problem. ‘The there awaits a systematic attempt to master it. In the countryside, the task is very different. ‘The norance. situation rural newspapers are too frequently mercenary, hotly _par- tisan, and at best uninformed. ‘This is true in spite of many well-meant at- tempts to raise the standard. Much of this is at bottom an economic question. Leaders of thought have no time to go to the smaller centers from which our rural life radiates. Nor could these centers bring up the funds necessary to bring big men before them. ‘The town- meeting, the country school, and the church no longer hold the position which the held in former days and that in spite of organized attempts to bring them back to their old glory. They must be bolstered up from many sides before they can function at all in this respect. Thus we are brought face to face with a provincialism, which, how. ever honest it may be, can only be con- sidered as a formidable obstacle to- any intelligent and conscious progress, lt is the seeding ground of prejudice and ignorance. How can we vitalize and popularize public questions for our people? There are many lecturers and many organiza. tions at work on this problem. Most of them, however, have—what we call these days—propaganda purposes. Their object is to present one side only and tp try to get public action in its behalf. A public opinion which feeds on Propa- ganda or at best on an honest presents. tion of only one side of a question will not and cannot be an intelligent public opinion. Our answer to this question, from 4 non-partisan point of view, is university extension debating. So far as the writer knows, no State university or any similar institution has thus far “carried the message to Garcia” through an extension debating system which would bring both sides of im- portant public questions before the people of the State. A debating crew of two, each man presenting one side of the question, would be a novel experi- ment before a rural or even an urban audience. ‘The University of Missouri Debating Board is planning to try the experiment in the coming school year. For each of these attempts to carry public questions to the people of the State, two men will be chosen from the university debating squad. They will previously have received some training | in the critical study of the problem to be | debated, and, having won a place on the squad, will have had some training in public speaking. After the system has been established it is hoped that the communities making application for such service will be able to organize centers which will bear the. expenses or part of them. Such a system will have many at vantages and few disadvantages. It can be administered by the debating coach in codperation with the extension de partment. Since two sides of the que tion will be debated, the university ci not be attacked for partisanship. 1?) ere z - of all leir to alt, pa- rey ’ vill Dlic na sity tate ‘ia tem the rew side eri- ban yuri 5 irry the the will \ing ad- can ach de- yes an he Vol. 11, No.8 debates, when properly popularized, will stimulate the community in its thinking on all questions—not only the one actually debated. The high school, the church, and the meeting-house will be brought into close contact with the uni- versity. ‘The university will really be “selling its goods’ to the people who will be brought into a more intelligent conception of what value the university can be to the State. The debaters will gain most valuable experience. ‘They will be forced to use simple, popular janguage—language which everybody; Evolution of THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION can readily understand—and their par- ents will note the value of such training and experience. Surely no better train- ing for leadership in public life can be offered. If this is not people out of their apathy and back into one way to get our something resembling the interest shown in public questions in the days of the town-meeting and of the Douglas debates, then it is useless to hope for a keener and more intelligent interest in public affairs and policy. Lincoln- public Handwriting in Education BEeRTHA A, CONNOR Director of Penmanship, Boston Public Schools, Boston, Massachusetts T IS ESSENTIAL TO the com- | plete success of the reform in hand- writing procedure which is taking place throughout the schools of the country at the present time, that all teachers, super- intendents, and others concerned with progress in education, possess a complete understanding of the whole nature of the handwriting problem. There are, even yet, numbers of edu- cators who do not fully comprehend the underlying reasons for the confusion and chaos which have attended the teach- ing of handwriting during the past score of years. It is not realized generally that one of the most widespread and dis- astrous experiments in the annals of edu- cational endeavor retarded the progress of handwriting in the schools for twenty years and developed the present adult generation of illegible writers. In the process of its evolution hand- writing was developed from its earliest stages of primitive picturing, hiero- glyphics, involved and fanciful script to the ornate Spencerian of half a century ago. It was from this Spencerian stage of flourished, shaded, combination finger and muscular movement style that writ- ing took the ordained step which brought it to its fruitage as a fine and practical art. It was shorn of its flourishes and shades. The use of the restricting fin- ger muscles was eliminated, and it stood forth an adequate response to the life of ithe present age, which called for a legible, rapid, tireless, enduring mode of writing which combined the beautiful and the utilitarian, Just as this final step in the ordered progression of handwriting was about to take place an imported, alien writing experiment called vertical script swept into the schools and the attention of those concerned with them focused it. That it was not at once recognized as a retrogressive step, was was upon suggestive of the more primitive stages in writing evolution is forever tobe de- plored. After years of conscientious en- deavor with the vertical script writing experiment the schools awoke to the fact that it was a flagrant failure. At that time the final step in the ordered evolu- tion of handwriting had been accom- plished elsewhere in response to business needs to a system called muscular-move- ment writing wholly adequate and emi- nently successful under the sharp test of usage, the writing of the age for the age. Then came the movement to adopt the newly evolved muscular-movement writing into the schools and. by this adoption to bring the schools once more into unison of writing procedure with that of life in its business and social per- formance as they were before their de- parture in the vertical script experi- ment. This attempt, however, was made enormously difficult through the effect wrought by vertical script upon the sub- ject of writing in the schools. That un- timely experiment stamped with failure and vitiated the importance of the sub- ject of handwriting in the schools, de- stroyed its functioning powers in other subjects, and, subsequently, caused hand- writing to fall from its functional place 333 in the school curriculum to one of mere obstructional existence. faith and interest in the subject on the part of teachers very naturally attended this cir- cumstance. Loss ot During this period teachers and pupils throughout the country had developed the finger motion vertical script habit of writing. had expected and accepted in The perverted idea that work caused handwriting became manifest. Sub- sequently, the hope that the typewriter vould do away with the whole unfortu- Scribbling come to be necessarily the school writing. much written to deteriorate nate performance accordingly came into being. But mechanical handwriting has lost out in the competition. Hand- writing must be taught and must be well taught. A reform in writing procedure in the schools, therefore, became obligatory. It was a stupendous task, but a necessary one, if the schools were to serve their purpose of conserving the health of pupils and of preparing them for life. Teachers were the medium through which this reform could be brought about, but inasmuch as they had already been misled in writing procedure, their reaction to this reform could not be ex- pected to be at once wholehearted and enthusiastic. Destroyed faith, lack of esteem and interest, suspicion of new methods, all resultant from the vertical script experiment could not be swept away at a stroke. However, a_begin- ning had to be made, and teachers were called upon to renew their faith in the subject, muscular-movement writing ability, apply pedagogic princi- ples to the subject in the classroom, to do their best to eliminate the finger mo- tion habit developed by vertical script, and to develop the muscular movement writing ability and habit with pupils. To reform the handwriting of teach- ers and pupils throughout the Nation was a procedure requiring time, patience and sympathetic understanding of the whole nature of the. problem. The teachers throughout the country with the professional spirit and_ enterprise which has characterized them on every occasion answered the call of education in this reform movement and set about to acquire the muscular-movement writ- ing ability and to acquaint themselves with the pedagogy of it. The path of this reform was strewn with obstacles. There was a lack of trained and experi- enced leaders in the new procedure. Methods of presentation of the subject acquire their 334 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTIon AssociATION October, 19% Tg iii a i ca : in its various stages of development and in its adaptation to the various grades of school were not generally understood or defined. The appearance of the writing product correlative with the stages of development in the acquiring of the mus- cular-movement writing habit and with the various ages of school children was nowhere set forth. Conscientious endeavor and continued effort on the part of all those concerned with education have eliminated the ob- stacles attending this writing reform, and the schools have now emerged trom the chaos in handwriting procedure which resulted from the unfortunate and wide- spread experiment with vertical script. It has required faith and confidence and loyalty and earnest application of effort on the part of teachers to bring about this reform. By their accomplish- ment in this subject the teachers of the country have proved their devotion to the children in their charge and also their sense of responsibility to the citi- zens of the Nation. The most difficult period in the writ- ing reform in the schools is now past. The pedagogic development of health- ful and utilitarian writing habits is be- ing carried on conscientiously and skill- fully in every progressive school system. The subject of handwriting is function- ing in its ordained manner as a vehicle to carry all other subjects to their high- est and easiest success. Penmanship has regained its educational status as a sub- ject, requiring in common with other subjects in the school curriculum daily pedagogical presentation of instruction in its formal aspects and disciplined cor- relation with all associated subjects. The continued application of the teaching skill and professional ability of the teachers and supervisors in this sub- ject throughout the country will assure for the school children of the Nation the development of habitual healthful pos- ture, conservation of eyesight, and the acquirement of an enduring and eco- nomic writing ability which will be at all times during their school lives and later a source of pride and value to them and to those with whom they are associated. VERY person has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one, more important, which he gives himself.—Gibbon. HE MORE extensive a man’s knowledge of what has been done, the greater will be his power of knowing what to do.—Disraeli. LINCOLN, THE MAN OF THE PEOPLE‘ Edwin Markham Westerleigh Park, West New Brighton, New York When the Norn Mother saw the Whirlwind Hour Greatening and darkening as it hurried on, She left the Heaven of Heroes and came down To make a man to meet the mortal need. She took the tried clay of the common road— Clay warm yet with the genial heat of Earth, Dasht through it all a strain of prophecy; Tempered the heap with thrill of human tears; Then mixt a laughter with the serious stuff, Into the shape she breathed a flame to light That tender, tragic, ever-changing face; And laid on him a sense of the Mystic Powers, Moving—all husht—behind the mortal veil. Here was a man to hold against the world, A man to match the mountains and the sea. The color of the ground was in him, the red earth; The smack and tang of elemental things; The rectitude and patience of the cliff; The good will of the rain that loves all leaves; The friendly welcome of the wayside well; The courage of the bird that dares the sea; The gladness of the wind that shakes the corn; The pity of the snow that hides all scars; The secrecy of streams that make their way Under the mountain to the rifted rock; The tolerance and equity of light That gives as freely to the shrinking flower As to the great oak flaring to the wind— To the grave’s low hill as to the Matterhorn That shoulders out the sky. Sprung from the West, He drank the valorous youth of a new world. The strength of virgin forests braced his mind, The hush of spacious prairies stilled his soul. His words were oaks in acorns; and his thoughts Were roots that firmly gript the granite truth. Up from log cabin to the Capitol, One fire was on his spirit, one resolve— To send the keen ax to the root of wrong, Clearing a free way for the feet of God, The eyes of conscience testing every stroke, To make his deed the measure of a man. He built the rail pile as he built the State, Pouring his splendid strength through every blow; The grip that swung the ax in Illinois Was on the pen that set a people free. So came the Captain with the mighty heart; And when the judgment thunders split the house, Wrenching the rafters from their ancient rest, He held the ridgepole up, and spikt again The rafters of the Home. He held his place— Held the long purpose like a growing tree— Held on through blame and faltered not a: praise, And when he fell in whirlwind, he went down As when a lordly cedar, green with boughs, Goes down with a great shout upon the hills, And leaves a lonesome place against the sky. 1Mr. Markham read t!:"= revision of his great poem at the dedication of the Lincoln Memorial ‘in Washington, D. C., on May 30th, 1922. He prefaced the reading with the following statement: “On this great day of dedication, I humbly inscribe this revised version of my Lincoln poem to this stupendous Lincoln Memorial, to this far-shining monument of remembrance, erected in immortal marble to the honor of our deathless martyr—the consecrated statesman, the ideal American, the ever-beloved friend of humanity.” Bead et Fe OR ed Fad es ee Vol. 11, No. 8 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION Vo COMPLETE REPORT OF THE AUDITORS NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION FiscAL YEAR JUNE 1, 1921, TO May 31, 1922 REPORT COVERS BOOKS OF THE SECRETARY, TREASURER, AND BOARD OF TRUSTEES June 26, 1922. - Ive lon? 4; hari Ormond Williams, President, * Miss Cher] Education Association of the United States, Washington, D. C. Dear MADAM: i ioe In accordance with instructions received, we have made an examination { the cash receipts and disbursements of the National Education Association of the United States for the year ended May. 31, 1922, and now submit our rf report thereon. SECRETARY’S OFFICE J. W. Crastree, Secretary INCOME AND EXPENSES The following is a summarized statement of the income and expenses for the period under review: INCOME Memberships from Secretary’s Office : $91,443. Memberships from Annual Meeting 3.755. Memberships from Superintendent’s Department ’ £4 2,830. Memberships from Department of Elementary School Principals. . 1,035. Subscriptions to N. E. A. Journal (Part of Membership Dues)... 72,793. Volumes of Proceedings sf 1,696.% Special Reports _ 361. Commercial Exhibits 11,303. Advertising .. f 41,489. Net Income Transferred from Permanent 7,629. Miscellaneous Income 4 income Total $234,418.67 Board .of Trustees—Expenses Swe $1,111.79 Executive Committee-—Expenses General Secretary’s Office: Salary of Secretary Clerical Services Postage ee tie eat Rent, Light, Heat and Janitor.. Stationery and Office Supplies.... Telephone and Telegraph Traveling Expense Interest OT ee Express and Freight Surety Bonds (Premiums)........ Repairs and Depreciation—Oftice Furniture and Fixtures Miscellaneous 375433-5 Expenses 727 Field Secretary’s 1 3,727.5 Research Department Express and Freight Volumes) Printing Special Appropriations Department of Elementary Principals Auditing Accounts of Association.... 2.35 Annual Convention 5,439-99 Department of Superintendence 366.62 Unclassified Expenses 16 Total expenses 196,365.71 Surplus for the year $38,052.96 > om _ The net financial results show a substantial improvement over last year in net income of $37,221.72. This is due to large increases from all sources of revenue, including $13,816.28 from memberships, $50,302.12 from subscrip- tions to the N. E. A. Journal and $36,308.29 from advertisements, with only small increases in expenses except in the case of printing. While a different method of allocating the expenses of the General Secretary’s Office produces expense figures which if compared in detail would show variations of some size, they cannot be fairly compared except in total. The balance in the Surplus Account at June 1, 1921, was $2,815.73, which added to the net income for the current year results in a balance as at May 31, 1922, of $40,868.69. RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS The following is a summary of the cash receipts and disbursements of the Treasurer’s Account for the year: Cash Balance, June 1, 1921: Revolving Fund: On Deposit with Continental Trust Co., Special Account (Including. $81.00 Trust Fund for Special Donations). On Hand .. | hanes Transfer from Continental Trust Co. (Regular Account) to reimburse Fund $226.36 23.09 4,831.55 5,081.00 (Regular Ac- tee 1,737-53 Less Overdraft at Continental Trust Co. count) ‘nite $3,343-47 Brought forward Income as per Income and Expense Statem Less Accounts Uncollected Loans from Continental Tri », O00. 228,802.98 232,146.45 DISBURSEMENTS Expenses as per Income and ment ia sSiaea te wane 1921 Bills Paid during Current Expense State- Year Less: Bills Unpaid—May 3 Depreciation Reserved 21,404.78 185,809.43 Payment of Loans from Continental Furniture and Fixtures Trust Fund for Special Trust Co. 6,000.00 Donations Repaid 98,852.58 Cash Balance, May 31, 1922. $33,293.87 Accounted for as follows: Revolving Fund: Transfer from to reimburse On Hand Continental Fund Trust Regulat Account, 10,567.69 28.93 10,596.62 Overdraft at Continental 596.62 Special Account 10,000.00 Continental Tri 23,293.87 Regular Account $33,293.87 was made of the cash received, and so far as the use permitted, we have satisfied ourselves that all the funds re ceived have been properly accounted for. No interest is being received on bank balances, which matter we have brought to the attention of you General Secretary. Vouchers in support of all in order. The balances of the two accounts with the Continental Trust Co. certified to by the bank, and the cash on hand was verified by count. A thorough examination system in cash disbursements were examined and found were ASSETS AND LIABILITIES The. following is a statement of liabilities as 1922, as shown“by the books: the assets and May BALANCE SHEET ASSETS Cash: Secretary’s Fund—In from the Regular Regular Account Permanent Fund Bank, On \ccount... Hand and t Reimbursed $10,000. 23,293. 20. 33,314.38 11,615.6¢ 130,930. Accounts Receivable er on Securities, at Book Value (Schedule Estate: Cost ‘ ae . $98,000.00 Less Mortgages Payable na ; 31 Real 7500.00 66,500 Furniture and Fixtures: Expenditures to May 3 ; 11,939.04 Expenditures during Year ended 6,962.15 18,901. Old Volumes of Proceedings 500. $261,767. LIABILITIES Accounts Payable 83 Reserve for Depreciation on : Trust Fund—Permanent Investment Surplus 23 197,450.51 40,868.69 $261,767.26 We recommend that the accounts receivable be examined and that all old accounts, ascertained to be uncollectible, be charged off. The real estate is carried at cost and the amounts owing on mortgage have been certified to us by the holder. The additions to the Furniture and were examined and found in order, The old volumes of proceedings are carried at an arbitrary value of $500. We are informed that there are in the possession of the Association some 23,000 volumes which cost between $.85 and $1.10 per volume to publish. As these publications appear to be in demand, the value is considerably higher than that shown on the books. We made a sufficient check to satisfy ourselves that all the liabilities are shown on the books, and in addition obtained a certificate to that effect signed by the Assistant Treasurer. We again recommend that a sufficient balance be carried in the Special Account so that the proper use of the “Regular” and “Revolving Fund” may be strictly adhered to, and that all income and expenses be allocated between the years to which they apply. As instructed, no detail audit was made of the funds received by the Departments of Superintendence and Elementary School Principals. These records are not kept at the Washington Ofhce and the Association books record the receipts as reported to them by these de- partments. Fixtures Account during the year THE JouRNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTIoN ASSOCIATION Uctober, 192) pe ee OE TREASURER’S REPORT Cornevia S. Aparr, Treasurer From June 1, 1921, To May 31, 1922 Deficit brought forward from Treasurer’s Report for year ended May 31, 1921.....++-- Sees ee rrr ey see $1,737-53 RECEIPTS From Annual Meeting.....----+--+-++seeseeceeceeceees . 3755-00 From Department of Superintendence...... ee ee ee ee ee 2,830.00 From Department of Elementary School Principals............. 1,035.28 From Secretary’s Office during the Year: eS ES Ee eee Pee $91,443.00 Subscriptions to N. EB. dA. Journal........... 72,793.12 Sale of Volumes of Proceedings............. 1,352.00 Sale of Special Reports................ nS. 271.02 Special Contributions ..................6... 20.00 165,879.14 From Income on Permanent Fund........... 7,629.20 From Commercial Exhibits (Net)........... 10,558 17 From Advertising in N. E. A. Journal (Net). 31,084.28 From Loan from Continental Trust Company. From Miscellaneous Income (Exchange, etc.). 61.91 ——_——-— 221,212.70 $228.832.98 EXPENSES ‘ eee Gs Sig o's an on 6 0664.66 d0g ia ccdodecseiie 1,111.79 Executive Committee: oe A 446.98 dl > President Miss Williams ...... 2,072.91 25519-59 pe eS EE FEE EE ee eee 577-36 I icc siete OR Aine + 0'n0* <2 0 0.4 0.6.60 0's 396.37 Chairman, Board. of Trustees.............. 376.96 BI OE I aes ccc cece cces 315.45 4,186.03 General Secretary’s Office: SE ge ee 9,125.00 POR cae er eet Ee ogeb Os od 6s velo anenece 5,110.58 Telephones and Telegrams................. 1,290.35 NU, SUP UPUR ccc cc cece cc icceee 300.50 ak arkc stil 11,535.22 Rent, Ligat, Power, Heat and Janitor...... 6,471.89 Stationery and Office Supplies.............. 1,148.24 Trav eling ecb a dawescece Ss eend.t.0 08 Oe 606 a ae 1,393.56 eg oo 2 Se ee eee 125.40 Repairs—Office Furniture and Fixtures..... 847.55 ee ee oS ae 80.00 Interest and Discounts allowed............. 570.11 UPOMESMINOUUIG WUEMEIN isn ccc ccc cece cen 73 36,836.63 Field Secretary's Office: Salary of Field Secretary......... $ \ssistant to Secretary.. Traveling, Clerical Services, etc... ,200.00 ,860.00 4,067.56 1 3,727.56 Research Department: Salary of Head of Department.... ,225.00 ee Re ee eer >, 307.05 Miscellaneous—Supplies, et 606.71 4,138.76 F ¥ . j 70 95 Express and Freight: nN I i ak. ss oa a.eisisie’d Gen 6'8lecé ele 1,120.33 Printing: Proceedings (1921): Compilation and go Le eee 7,819.59 Clerical Services, Supplies, et —— Bee a Ss Sa eee 9,706.99 17,526.58 RSE Co oe eee eee ne 118.45 Special Reports—bBulletin No. 19........... 526.15 N, E. A. Journal: Compilation and Printing........ 62,25 2 Clerical Services, Supplies, etc. used in editing same.......... 7,889.76 90,142.98 Miscellaneous—Pamphlets, Membership rn? Oe) es a. oe ace ceases 3,026.38 111,340.54 Special Appropriations: Department of Superintendence............ 250.00 Commission on Codrdination of Research Agencies PEC eC Siw as eebee es rivticvredcdcacseade 940.00 Committee on Revenue Inquiry............. 192.02 Committee on Foreign Relations............ 34.62 Character and Citizenship Committee........ 28.00 Conference of State Secretaries............. 349.59 Committee on Health Problems............. 993.00 Committee on Organization of Elementary ET OPE Ss a eRe eee eee 402,02 Legislative Commission .............s.00-- 2,021.28 Se ee ee 1,996.89 Illiteracy Commissiom (1920-21)...........-. 366.79 Committee on Teachers’ Salaries (1920-21).. 12.00 Committee on Rural Education (1920-21)... 190.81 - 7,827 o2 Auditing Accounts of the Agsociation... .........10,000 f ut ,000 tf> um Ls) wm 310,000 $1,000 » $2,000 >2 $1,000 $3,000 $3,000 ° $2,000 $10,000 $10,000 Carried forward THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTIoN ASSOCIATION Ten $1000 4 i. ae bonds per cent Atlantic Coast Line Co. 1st Cons. Mtg. so year maturing July 1, 1952, Nos. 5130, 6494, 11639, 14335, 14339, 17579, 11638, 24601, 37565, 50251. Interest payable March 1 and September 1.... One $1000 6 per cent St. Louis San Fran cisco Rwy. Adj. Mtg. Series “A” bond, maturing July i, 1955, No. M-14552. Interest payable April 1 SE RE =f. ESSN ERs odes + ciccdce One $500 Same, No. D&845...........06: One $250 Same, No. Y1033..........0- Four $1000 4 per cent Manhattan Rwy. Co. Mtg. bonds, maturing April 1, 1990, Nos. 2843, 6522, 16083 and 16087. Interest payable April 1 and ier. - »ss0ake coh os deh rr Twenty $1000 4 per cent Baltimore & Ohio R. R, Co. (Pittsburg, Lake Erie & W. Va. System) Ref. Mtg., maturing 1941, Nos. 13496 to 13500 inclusive, and 21236 to 21250 inclusive. Interest payable May 1 and ee ee RS ae ase eee Ten $1000 4 per cent Oregon Short Line R. R. Co. Ref. 25 year bonds, ma turing 1929, Nos. 4013 to go17 in clusive, 4025 to 4027 inclusive, 4076 and 13810 interest payable June and OE 2 nccthgauwannats Fight $1000 4% per cent certificate of corporation Stock of the city of New York to provide for supply of wate: (issue of February (1908) maturing November 1, 1957, Nos. 554/W-6 to 561/W-6 inclusive. Interest payable May 1 and November 1...... ‘ Nine $1000 4% per cent certificates of corporation stock of New York (issue of February 1908), maturing Novem ber 1, 1957, Nos. 26816/V-7 to 26824/V-7 inclusive. Interest payable May 1 and November :.... Total principal on hand.. Real Estate—i201 16th Street, N. W Washington, D. C., carried at purchase eee ee ee ae Supject to traslt. > < > + > a . ‘ £ Sept. 15. 4 JF. ag lg ee cteeeeees 30.00 Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Co. (Pitts Gon te Ww. #4 eK. L. © I th. ens age ae burgh, Lake Erie & West Vir ct. 160, as - © ot 4 eomith, deco a ing.. 24.00 ginia System) Ref. Gold Bonds 4 Oct. 27. Frank Elec. Shop, electrician.... 19.70 aa : < ee : . ; 4 per cent due 1941, Nos. 13496 to Nov. 12. Julius T. Becker, plumbing....... 78.00 53500, 21236 to 21250 ‘ sesiiibiiien sine te Nov. 12. W. F. & E. L. Smith, decorating. . 40.70 “cred i + Ting a ai Wily —s - 1942-51 Nov. 12. A. S. Johnson Co., furnace....... 150.00 Oregon Short Line R. R. Co. Ref. Nov. 29. Frank Elec. Shop, electrician..... 15.00 Gold Bonds 4 per cent due 1929, Nos. 4013 to 4017, 4025 to 4027, , 1922. Nat'l S re: p 407G, TZDID ociccensasecedesece 10,000.00 8,895.00 Jan. 5. Nat Sav. & Tr., 6 mos. int. on : . 4 > EN EE: SRY 1,155.00 Chicago, Indiana & Southern Ry. jan. 9. W. 1, Gary Cap pemibmg........ 161.00 Co. 4 per cent due 1956, Nos. Jan. 13. Frank Elec. Shop, electrician...... 61.30 11386 tO 11394, 13786......4--. 10,000.00 9,500.00 a owe adil & ons gee ctr eeee 137.20 Manhattan Railway Co. Cons. eb. 24. Fran ‘lec. Shop, electrician..... 1 33.03 Mtge. Gold Bonds 4 per cent due Mar. 14. Frank Elec. Shop, electrician..... 103-44 : N 12 spe k 1990, Nos. 2843, 6522, 16083, Mar. 17. Henry J. Allen, plumbing........ 24.10 16087 : . . —— ‘caste Apr. 12. Henry J. Allen, plumbing........ 30.50 ut ees it teaaas st glade’! te tel sel dae i aa May 31. Commission at 5 per cent on Atlantic Coast Line R. R. Co. rst $5,875.00 rents collected......... 293-75 Cons. Mtge. Bonds 4 per cent _ 3,682.02 due 1952, Nos. 5130, 6494, 11638, — 2,192.99 11639, 14225, 14339, 17579, — - 24001, 37505, SOZG$Lercccccccces 10,000.00 9 600.00 $7,795.48 Continental Trust Co.: staid , : : , Corporation Bonds: 4% per cent on $133,020.51, par value of cash _and securities ......... ernst s.0'n 9 60 00th s oc.n eee $166.28 Maine Real Estate Title Company November 30, 1921. To National Education ist Mtge. Gold 5 per cent due PO 6-0 4:4 phe see ceees Peo ee eee 4,300.00 ae ee eee 2,000.00 2,000.00 May 31, 1922. To National Education Ass’n........ 3,329.20 i ————__—__—_— -——_-——— $7,795.48 TO seccccdacscsicccces $94,000.00. $190,956.00 Washington, D. C., To the President of the National Education Association: May 31, 1922. The foregoing is a correct statement of the funds and accounts of the National 350.00 100.09 150.00 450.00 45°.u0 90.00 210 00 105.00 600.00 800.00 400.00 160,00 400.00 We have examined the books and reports of the Board of Trustees of the Education Association, and certify that, in our opinion, the fore National Education Association of the United States, for the year ended going statement correctly shows the condition of the permanent funds and | May 31, 1922, as same appear on the books of this company. CONTINENTAL Trust COMPANY, ExskInE Gorpon, Trust Officer. The most wasted of all days is the Marwick, New York, N. Y., June 22, 1922. MITCHELL the securities in custody of the Continental Trust Company, Washington, D. & CoMmPaAny, Certified Public Accountants. —French Proverb. day when we have not laughed. 5-00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.00 90.00 10 00 05.00 00.00 00.00 00.00 00.00 60,00 100.00 100.00 $80.00 rf the fore- 5 and D.C. nts. THE JouRNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucATION ASSOCIATION 339 ——<—<—<— GUIDE TO NEW BOOKS fp a et Select List ITLES and notes in this list are taken from the June Booklist of the Artmerican Library Association. Anprews, Mrs. Mary RayMonp (SHIPMAN). His soul goes marching on. N. Y., Scrib- ner, 1922. 84p. 75c. “After the manner of The perfect tribute,” but not its equal. Twelve-year-old Jimmie, alone and fishing, has a chance encounter with Roosevelt, whose identity he does not guess until later. But his words and ad- monitions so impressed the boy that his life was governed by them—“Love America and work for her. And fight for her, if need comes.” CAMPBELL, JOHN CHARLES. The southern highlander and his homeland. -N. Y., Rus- sell Sage Foundation, 1921. 405p. illus. maps. Music. $3.50. Interesting, authoritative, and detailed ac- count of these mountain people, whose isola- tion has preserved among them so many old- world manners and customs, and whom some one has called “our contemporary an- cestors.’ The author spent twenty-five years in the mountain country of the South and at the time of his death was secretary of the Southern highland division of the Russell Sage Foundation. Includes statistical appen- dixes and bibliography. Assets of the 1922. 177p. Fassett, CHARLES MArvVIN. ideal city. N. Y., Crowell, $1.50. A brief listing of what the practical, com- mon sense assets of a city should be, a com- pilation of the more important institutions, activities, and undertakings which tend to the progressive development of better citizens and their welfare. Mr. Fassett was a suc- cessful engineer, the president of the Chamber of Commerce and afterward mayor of Spokane, Washington, and is now on the faculty of the University of Kansas. HILL, Freperick Trevor. High school farces. N. Y., Stokes, 1920. 106p. $1. Three short plays, Dinner’s served !—The heathen Chinee—A knotty problem, written originally for a boys’ club and a boy scout troop, requiring the simplest of properties and easily learned by young actors. HUNGERFORD, Epwarp. The romance of a great store. N. Y., McBride, 1922. 281p. illus. $2.50. The entertaining story of the founding, development, and present management of the R. H. Macy store in New York. Marven, Orison Swetr. Round pegs in square holes (Marden inspirational books). N. Y., Crowell, 1922. 294p. $1.75. Advice to young people on the choice of a vocation, the result of the numerous letters received by the author from applicants seek- ing advice. Practical talks for those who enjoy the Marden philosophy. NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WORKERS’ EDUCA- TION IN THE UNITED States. Workers ed- | | | + ucation in the United States (Proceedings, 1921). 465 W. 23d St., N. Y., Workers’ education bureau of America, 1921. 144p. paper, 50c. “Report of proceedings first national con- ference on workers’ education in the United States held at the new school for social. re- search, New York City, April 2-3, 1921.”— Subtitle. An interesting survey of what is being done by the various labor organizations for the education of their members, with a discussion of their methods of organization, control, finance, enrolment, attendance of students, nature of courses, aims, and plans. TANNENBAUM, FRANK. Wall shadows. Putnam, 1922. 168p. $2. A clear presentation of the evils of our prison system by one who speaks from ex- perience, both as a prisoner and a student of prison conditions. His criticism is construct- ive, and he proposes other agencies which can do efficiently and humanely what the prison does ineffectively and brutally. He has high praise for the work in prison re- form of Thomas Mott Osborne. Partly re- printed from the Atlantic. Nie. TARKINGTON, French, 1921. Clarence, whose last name is uncertain, but who “has been in the army,” enters the Wheeler household in a rather vague ca- pacity, which develops into that of solvent for the perplexities of the whole family. Sparkling comedy with one of Mr. Tarking- ton’s inimitable adolescent boys. Booto. Clarence. N. Y.,, 124p. illus. paper, 75c. THe ATLANTIC MonTHLY. Youth and the new world; ed. by Ralph Philip Boas. Bost., Atlantic Monthly, 1921. 320p. $1.50. Essays chosen from the Atlantic Monthly dealing with a wide variety of subjects, problems of current thought and living. De- signed for use in classes of English com- position, especially those that seek to enable the pupils to express ideas that seem im- portant to them, appertaining to their own interests and ability. U. S. AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT. The paper dress form (Circular 207). Wash. D. C., Supt. of Docs., 1922. 10p. illus. paper, Se. Full, practical instructions for the making of a heavy paper dress form, each step being clearly illustrated. Designed as a time and labor-saving device for the rural home- maker. Comprehensive List HIS LIST aims to mention all important new educational books published in the United States. It is based on books received at THE JOURNAL office, supplemented by in- formation from Publishers’ Weekly from May 20 to August 26 inclusive, and the Monthly Catalogue of U. S. Public Docu- ments, No. 331, for July, 1922. AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ScieNcE. The ethics of the professions and of business. Annals for May, 1922. Phila., The American Academy of Politi- cal and Social Science. 315p. $1. Ames, EpGAarR WILLEY and ELprep, Arvie. Community civics. N. Y., Macmillan, 1921. 387p. $1.48. ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGIATE SCHOOLS OF BusI- NESS. Social studies in secondary schools, the commission on correlation of secondary and collegiate education; with particular reference to business education. Chic Univ. of Chic. Press, 1922. 127p. $1. BAKER, FRANKLIN T., and others. Everyday classics—Primer. ) N. Y., Macmillan, 1922 108p. Everyday classics—First Reader. N. Y.. Maemillan, 1922. 144p. —— Everyday classics—Second Reader. N. Y., Macmillan. 192p. 68c. Baker, Georce P. The Pilgrim spirit; a pageant in celebration of the tercentenary of the landing of the Pilgrims at Ply- mouth, Massachusetts, December 21, 1620 Boston, Marshall Jones Co., 1921. Batpwin, Birp T., and SrTecHer, Lorce | Mental growth curve of normal and su- perior children; studied by means of con- secutive intelligence examinations. lowa City, Iowa, Univ. of Iowa, 1922. 61p. Paper. Free. 136p. BaLtTimore. Board of school commissioners ; abstract of a survey of the Baltimore pub- lic schools. Balt., Board of School Com- missioners, 1921. 54p. Free. BEARD, ANNIE E. S. Our foreign-born cit- wzens; what they have done for America N. Y., Crowell, 1922. 296p. $2. BEARD, CHARLES AusTIN, and BaAGLey, WIL- LIAM C. Our old world background (European history for grade schools N. Y., Macmillan, 1922. 515p. $1.20. BEMAN, LAMAR T. Selected articles on the study of Latin and Greek. N. Y., H. W. Wilson Co., 1921. 288p. $1.80. BINDER, RUDOLPH MICHAEL. Business and the professions. N. Y., Prentice-Hall. 443p. $3. BoBBITT, FRANKLIN. Curriculum-making in Los Angeles. Chicago, Univ. of Chic., 1922. 106p. Paper. $1. BossarD, JAMES H. S. Child welfare; with a supplement on present-day social and industrial conditions in Austria. Phila., Am. Academy of Political and Social Sci- ence, 1921. 222p. $1.50. BreTT, Georce Sipney, The history of psy- chology, 3 vols. N. Y., Macmillan, 1921. 388-394-322p. $4.50 each. Brown, RospertT NEAL RUDMOSE and others. The scope of school geography. N. Y., Oxford Univ. Press, 1922. 158p, $1.85. BUELL, RAYMOND Les.Lizc. The Washington conference. N. Y., Appleton. 59p. $3. BurEAU (THE) OF VOCATIONAL INFORMATION. Women in chemistry; a study of profes- sional opportunities. 2 W. 43d St. N. Y. (Author). 288p. $1.60. Buswe.__, Guy THomas. Fundamental read- ing habits; study of their development. Chicago, Univ. of Chic. 1922. 164p. $1.50. Carver, T. N., and C. E. Lapp. Agriculture and country life. Home reading course 22. U. S. Bureau of Education, Wash., D.C. Gp. Free. CiarkK, Harriet Baitey. Mothers’ problems; a textbook for parents’ classes, mothers’ associations, and teachers of children; intro. by Frank L. Brown. Phila., Judson Press, 1922. 136p. 75c. CLARKE, JAMES Everitt. Education for suc- cessful living. Phila.,, Westminster Press. 166p. $1. Paper, 75c. 340 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpUCATION ASSOCIATION October, 1929 $$ ee Coss, WALTER FRANK. Graded outlines in hygiene: book one. Kindergarten to grade 3. Yonkers, N. Y., World Bk. Co., 1922. 220p. $1.50. for Coteman, Satis N. Creative music children; a plan of training based on the natural evolution of music, including the making and playing of instruments; danc- ing, singing, poetry; with 48 illustrations. N. Y., Putnam, 1922. 236p. $3.50. CoLuMBIA UNtversity, TEACHERS COLLEGE. Social hygiene education; report on a social-hygiene program given at Teachers College in the summer session of 1920, under the auspices of Teachers College of Columbia Univ., U. S. Interdepartmental Social Hygiene Board, U. S. Bureau of Education, U. S. Public Health Service, Am. Social Hygiene Association. N. Y., Teachers College, Columbia Univ., 1921. 24p. Free. Cotvin, CARL and STEVENSON, JOHN ALForD. Farm products: a textbook in agriculture for 7th and 8th grades and junior high schools. N. Y., Macmillan, 1922. 373p. $1.20. Counts, GeorGe SytvesTer. The selective character of American secondary educa- tion. Chic., Univ. of Chicago Press, 1922. 175p. Paper. Free. CuBBERLEY, ELLwoop PATTERSON. Rural life and education: a study of the rural-school problem as a phase of the rural-life prob- lem. Rev. ed. Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1922. 392p. $1.90. Curtis, WINTERTON CoNWay. Science and human affairs; from the standpoint of biology. N. Y., Harcourt, Brace. 337p. $3.50. DEFFENBAUGH, W. S. Administration of schools in smaller cities. U. S. Bureau of Education Bulletin No. 2, 1922. Supt. of Does., Government Printing Office, Wash., D. C. 78p. Paper. 10¢. Dewey, JoHN. Human nature and conduct: an introduction to social psychology. Rev. ed. N. Y., Holt, 1922. 336p. $2.25. DIMNET, ABBE Ernest. French grammar made clear. N. Y., Funk & Wagnalls. 25ip. $1.50, postage 12c. Dow, Grove SAMUEL. Society and its prob- lems: an introduction to the principles of sociology. N. Y., Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1922. 608p. $2.75, postage extra. Downey, JuNE E. Group will-temperament test. Yonkers, N. Y., World Book Co., 1922. 12p. Paper. Free. Drury, Ausrey. World Metric Standard- ization: an urgent request. San Francisco, World Metric Standardization Council, 1922. 524p. $5. DuNN, FANNIE WYCHE. ment for rural schools. College, Columbia Univ., 1921. 23p. 25c. SARLE, Epwarp MeaAp. An outline of the economic development of the United States. N. Y., Am. Inst. of Banking, 1921. 44p. 75c. Epie, Lionet D. Principles of the new eco- nomics. N. Y., Crowell, 1922. 550p. $2.75. Epson, NeweLt W. Sex instruction: status of sex education in high schools. U. S. 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Control of city school finances. Milwaukee, Wis., Bruce Pub. Co., 1922. 132p. $1.25. Frost, NoRMAN. A comparative siudy of achievement in country and town schools. N. Y., Teachers College, Columbia Univ., 1921. 70p. Paper, $1; $1.50. GaALLoway, THomas Watton. Biology of sex; for parents and teachers. Rev. Ed. Boston, Heath, 1922. 162p. $1.24. GOLDBERGER, HENRY HAROLD. lish for coming citizens. 1921. 230p. $1. GREENE, LEON S. and maintenance. ual Arts Press, 1922. 100p. $1.25. Groves, Ernest RuTHeRFoRD. The _ rural mind and social welfare; with foreword by Kenyon L. Butterfield. Chic., Univ. of Chicago Press, 1922. 219p. $2.10. HALDANE, Viscount. The University and the Welch Democracy; an address de- livered at the Central Hall, Swansea, on Nov. 26, 1921. N. Y., Oxford Univ. Press, 1922. 24p. Paper, 50c. HAMILTON, JOSEPH GREGOIRE DE ROULHAC and KNIGHT, Eocar Wa.tace. The making of Advanced Eng- N. Y., Scribner, School shop installation Peoria, Ill., The Man- citizens. Chicago, McClurg. 146p. $1. Hanna, AGNes K. Home economics in the elementary and secondary schools. Bost., Whitcomb & Barrows. 333p. $2.50. HARTWELL, ErNest CLARK. Teachers’ man- ual; story hour readings; fourth year, fifth year, sixth year. N. Y., Am. Bk. Co., 1922. 336p. $1. Teachers’ manual; story hour readings; seventh year, eighth year. N. Y., Am. Bk. Co., 1922. 269p. $1. Harvey, NATHAN ALBERT. common school subjects. Ypsilanti, Mich., Standard Press Co., 1921. 91p. Free. HENDERSON, Hupert D. Supply and demand; with an introd. by J. M. Keynes. N. Y., Harcourt, Brace, 1922. 191p. $1.50. HERRING, JOHN P. Herring revision of the Psychology of the Binet-Simon tests; examination manual. Yonkers, N. Y., World Bk. Co. 56p.- $1. Revision of the Binet-Simon tests; in- dividual record card. Yonkers, N. Y., World Bk. Co., 1922. Ip. Paper, $1. HertTzoc, WALTER Scotr. State maintenance for teachers in training. Batimore, War- wick & York, 1921. 149p. $1.60.” Hoapiey, GeorGe ArtHuR. 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Jenks, JEREMIAH WHIPPLE, and Lauck, Wy. LIAM JETT. The immigration problem: a study of American immigration conditions and needs; rev. and enl. by Rufus D Smith. N. Y., Funk & Wagnalls, 1929 687p. $3. 7 JENKS, JEREMIAH WHIPPLE, and SMITH, RuFys Daniel. We and our government. N, ¥ The American Viewpoint Society, 1929 223p. Ills. ; : JOHNSTON, CHARLES HUGHES, Junior-senior high-school N. Y., Seribner, 1922. 409p. $1.88. Jones, HaroLtp Sypney. Calculus for begin- ners; a textbook for schools and evening classes. N.Y., Macmillan, 1921. 299p. $2, Kear, Harry Morton, and others. Technical mathematics. Vol. 1. N. Y., Wiley, 1922 236p. $1.50. : —— Technical mathematics. Wiley, 1922. 278p. $1.75. Kimsie, Ernest J. Vocational vocabularies for stenographers and court reporters; compiled from actual work, for the use of schools, colleyes, teachers, civil-service ex- aminations, students, etc. 332 Pine St., San Francisco, Calif. (Author). 262p. $2.50. KiNG, Horace W., and Wis er, CHester 0, Texthook on hydraulics. N. Y., Wiley, 1922. 244p. $2.75. KNIGHT, EpGAR WALLACE. and others, ad ministration, Vol. 2... Public education in the South. Boston, Ginn, 1922. 502p. $2. LAMBORN, EpMuUND A. GREENING. Expression in speech and writing. N. Y., Oxford Univ. Press, 1922. 120p. $1.50. Laturop, EpirH ANNA. Dormitories in con- nection with public secondary schools. U.S. Bureau of Education Bulletin 12, 1922. Supt. of Docs., Govt. Printing Office, Wash, D.C. 44p. Paper, 10c. Law, FrepericK Houk. Modern essays and stories; a book to awaken appreciation of modern prose and to develop ability and originality in writing; ed. with introd. notes, suggestive questions, subjects for written imitation, directions for writing, and original illustrations. N. Y., Century. 340p. $1.25. Leacue or Nations. Société des mations: handbook of international organizations; (Associations, bureaus, committees, ete.) 40 Mt. 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MerriAM, CHARLES Epwarp. The American party system: an introd. to the study of political parties in the United States. N. Y., Macmillan. 449p. $3. Moore, JArep Sparks. The foundations of psychology. Princeton, N. J., Princeton Univ. Press, 1921. 258p. $3. Mowat, Rosert BuLMAIN. A new history of Great Britain; pt. 3; from the treaty of Vienna to the outbreak of the Great War. N. Y., Oxford Univ. Press, 1922. 1689p. $1.50. Munro, WILLIAM BENNETT, and OZANNE, CHARLES EuGeNe. Social civics. N. Y., Macmillan. 710p. $1.72. Muzzey, Davin SAvILLE. The United States of America. Vol. 1. Through the Civil War. N. Y., Ginn, 1922. 667p. $3. NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WorkKERs’ Epu- CATION IN THE UNITED States. Workers’ education in the United States (Proceed- ings, 1921). 465 W. 23d St., N. Y., Work- ers’ Education Bureau of America, 1921. 144p. Paper. 50c. NATIONAL DANTE CoMmiTTEE. Dante. Home reading course 18. U. S. Bureau of Edu- cation, Wash., D. C. Sp. Free. 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Paper. $1. Thurstone vocational guidance test; technical information test. Yonkers, N. Y.., World Bk. Co., 1922. 4p. Paper. $1. U. S. Bureau oF EpucaTIon, STATISTICAI Division. Training of Teachers: Statistics of teachers’ colleges and normal schools, 1919-20. U. S. Bureau of Education Bul- letin 8, 1922. Supt. of Docs., Govt. Print- ing Office, Wash. D. C. 79p. Paper. 10c. "AN ScCHAICK, JOHN, JR. The little corner never conquered: the story of the Ameri- can Red Cross work for Belgium. N. Y., Macmillan, 1922. 282p. $2. Vites, JoNAS. An outline of American his- tory for use in high schools based on Muzzey’s American History. Rev. ed. Boston, Ginn, 1922. 102p. 76c. Watts, RatpH Levi. Vegetable growing projects. N. Y., Macmillan, 1922. 341p. $1.80. WELLs, GeorGe Ross Maurice. Youth and the open door; the relation of habit and character to success. N. Y., Dutton, 1922. 183p. $2. WeLLs, Louis Ray. Industrial history of the United States. N. Y., Macmillan. 597p. $2. WESEEN, Maurice Harvey. Everyday uses | of English. N. Y., Crowell, 1922. 462p. $2. a West, WILLIAM Mason. racy. Boston, Small, 758p. $4. American democ- Maynard, 1922. SCHOOL-BUILDING PROGRESS Bond issues, architects, contracts let, and other essential information. School officers are requested to send reports on all new buildings to the Editorial Department, National Education Association, 1201 Sixteenth Street Northwest, Washington D.C. A special list of books on school building and school architecture will be sent free on request. reported this month, 36,984; reported during 1922 to date, 228,332. during 1922 to date, $87,826,329. Name of State and County 1 Alabama Jefferson... Jefferson.....| Jefferson... . Jefferson . . Jefferson..... California Los Angeles. . . | | Glendale........ Los Angeles. . Los Angeles. . . Los Angeles. Los Angeles. . . Los Angeles. . .| Los Angeles. . . Idaho Bonner. Illinois Vermilion... Iowa Dubuque.... OS oe Kansas Barber . Douglas Green wood Green wood Montgomery. Sedgwick Kentucky Mercer...... Jefferson.... Warren Minnesota Becker. . Cottonwood. Norman Pennington Watonwan.. McLeod New York Cattaraugus Cattaraugus Cattaraugus Kings. ... New York Onondaga Ohio Belmont. . Clinton Clinton RAE... <4. Madison. . Montgomery. . fr Pennsylvania Philadelphia. . Philadelphia . Fea Northampton. York. Texas El Paso... El Paso. . El Paso. El Paso. Lubbock. . G&A .| Elementary...... | El Paso | Syracuse. | Port Clinton..... | Erie... Name of Town or District Birmingham.... Birmingham... Birmingham Birmingham Birmingham Glendale. .......| Glendale....:... Glendale... Glendale Inglewood City. Cyirus Dist. ...... Sandpoint...... Danville. .. | ee ee | Des Moines sun City....... Baldwin City Rouen... ....«.- moerene.... ...... Wichita.........| Harrodsburg... . Louisville Bowling Green. . Audubon... Sr Twin Valley..... Thief River Falls.| "te “ae ae Silverlake. . Olean... Olean Olean. . Brooklyn....... 12th St. Ave. A Martins Ferry... .| Wilmington Wilmington. Maumee - Mt. Sterling..... Dayton Junior High...... Nazareth ice me os ~ bes) nan ° ee “25 | Cost of S& | Building Name and Kind | 3 or of Building 53 | Amount 2 of ° Za, | Appro- priation 3 | 4 ae .| Hudson (negro). 1000 | 55,772 Avondale, Grade.| 800 177,421 Wylam, Grade. . .|1000 182 , 562 Woodlawn, High.| 700 298 ,550 | J.H.Phillips,High |1500 672,957 Glendale Ave... .|}) Grandview Ave... Add. Acacia Ave. .| 260 , 000 Add.ColumbusAv.| Union High...... 3000 685 ,000 Queen St. Grade. .| 500 39,000 Union High....../1500 | 300,000 BEES 55s cect ae | §25 125,000) | ec es 1200 |1,000,000 | High & Grade... | 150 20,000 Roosevelt High...'1700 | 986,659 Rural High......| 198 | 30,000 High & Grade.. 530 80,000 High, remodeled. .| 350\ ° BO ors | 300) 85 , 000 . ae ..| 500 85,000 Ee Boi 2200 |1,000,000 ne a ee ae 350 | 60,000 High (colored)...| 400 | 125,000 High 400 140 ,000 Consolidated. 150 40,000 Consolidated .| 450 40,000 BOM. ..wsexte | eee 80 , 000 Grade.........0° | 560 80,000 Semi-Graded. . 140 20,000 CS See ee 175 43 ,000 Grade Sch., No. 1.) 500 | 169,000) Grade Sch., No. 9.| 300 78,CO0O Grade Sch., No. 11} 300 78,000 New Utrecht High|2500 |2 500,000 Training........|1500 |2,500,000 Roosevelt Jr.H...|1176 500 , 000 RP ee 700 | 250,000 High (addition)..| ... | 58,000 Junior High.....| 350 | 110,000 Agastions...:.... ae 150,000) High & Grade....} 500 100 , 000 Roosevelt High...|2000 |1,500,000) DEES «><. \ CARE: ~,, 600 130,000 Tilden Addn..... 240 15,000 65th St. & Lans- downe Ave... . ./1240 464 , 638 | Junior High..... 1050 450,000 i. GRE Par 300 115,000 | High & Grade....| 300 | 23,000 Bowie, Grade. ...| 750 75,000 Burleson, Grade. .| 450 60 , 000 | Crockett, Add... .| 250 60 , 000 Morehead, Add...} 400 50,000 | ER ee | 500 152,500 Date Author- ized 6 8/21/17 8/21/17 8/21/17 8/21/17 12/11/19 2/ 7/22 1/24/22 1/10/22 3/14/22 5/ 2/22 3/—/22 12/14/20 1/—/22 4/22/22 3/25/22 8/—/20 | 10/—/22 4/ 5/ mm NH mrMm bh —/—, 2/ 1/ —/—/19 | 11/—/21 4/ 4/22 2/23/22 9/ 1/21 10/15/21 5/—/21 4/25/21 6/30/21 4/ 6/22 4/ 6/22 4/ 6/22 5/13/21 5/13/21 4/11/21 8/ 8/22 11/ 7/21 11/ 7/21 8/13/21 4/25/22 4/ 1/22 3/13/21 | —f--f2 —{—/22 5/15/22 9/20/21 5/26/22 5/ 1/22 6/ 1/22 5/ 1/22 5/15/22 ae ia -/22 Seating capacity Cost reported this month, $16,299,059; reported Date Contract let or to be let 7 12/14/21 11/ 5/21 10/31/21 1/24/21 6/29/21 4/28, 2/21 2/21 4/11/ to bo be bo NN NY be | SZOR RRP ae 4/15/ 3/ 6/ Ne be Nb ~ ~ 6/10/22 an _< oe nN i) wt a, —_ io 2) a bo bh NM bh 4/12 11/30 1 NNNNN NH mR bh bv —/— — /— —_ — a / / / — /— /— | mee 4/17/22 4/17/22 1/10/22 4/11/22 9/ 1/22 6/19/22 a f—/22 | SF 1/22 6/ 1/22 &/-1/22 5/15/22 7/17/22 G. —/—/23 | —/—/23 | —/—/22 Name of School Officer in Charge apaae . Moyse. ie: . W. Hodgkins . 8. Hayden.... G9000 BRR at a W.S. Finney. P. Randle T. J. Connell Secy. of Board Board of Edn. C. A. Lane... C. U. Phillips. . D. M. Leach L. W. Mayberry. A. K. McKemie... S. D. Jones...... L.. 2, Hanes... .... R. A. Lee I. T. Smiley C. L. Olson W. O. Merrill . Board of Edn.. Board of Edn.. Board of Edn.. W. L. Ettinger W. L. Ettinger | Thomas Mather... R. C. Maston... O. K. Probasco. O. K. Probasco. School Board Board of Edn.. P. C. Stetson. . A. F. J. D. Cassell...... . Caseell...... . acobell......... "ee 7. ne ran . Eager . Eager [342] Myers......| . Fulton... ....! Name of Architect hs 9 W. A. Rayfield | Miller & Martin D. O. Whilldin H. Wheelock D. O. Whilldin. F. Priest G. M. Lindsey G. M. Lindsey A. F. Priest Austin & Lindsey A. | N. F. Marsh Austin & Austin Whitehouse & Price Lewis & Dougherty Carl Saam Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson Smith & English C. A. Smith J. H. Felt & Co. | Williamson & Co, L. Schmidt Nevin, Wischmeyer & Morgan Nevin, Wischmeyer & Morgan C. Shapbell Sund & Dunham Silas Jacobson Foss & Foss Sund & Dunham K. T. Snyder K. T. Snyder C. B. J. Snyder — C. B. J. Snyder Gordon Wright C. W. Bates O. D. Howard O. D. Howard G. B. Rheinfrank J. Q. Adams Schenck & William Thayer & Johnson James Gaw I. T. Cathacine W. W. Meyers Rasmussen & Way- land H. E. Gessler G. C. Burnett Barlebaugh | Bentell & Hardie | Trost & Trost Taylor & Peters er on ‘ity ted ‘y rice Tty yer yer am Vol. 11, No.8 The Menace HE NATION’S ILLITERATES could have outvoted the States of Pennsylvania, Maine, Michigan, Ala- bama, and California in the 1920 Presi- dential election. ‘This refers only to illiterates over twenty-one years of age. There was one adult illiterate in the country for every six persons who voted for President at the last election. Such a condition is not tolerated in any other enlightened nation in the world. Reports on illiteracy in other advanced countries are characterized by such statements as “illiteracy is limited to mentally deficient people or idiots,” and “there are no people who cannot read and write but those suffering from certain mental or physical defects.” The 1910 census contains the statement: “In some of the more advanced Euro- pean countries illiteracy is so uncommon that questions regarding it are not in- cluded in the general census enumera- tions.” The United States, on the other hand, harbors millions capable of learning to read and write, but who are illiterate through lack of opportunity. We have the highest percentage of illiteracy, ac- cording to latest available figures, of ten enlightened countries of the world. Percentages of Illiteracy A ee 2 i 5 ad Coss wa pha wh elale 6 EN ed Ssd «5.5 «06 eo bieeicte 5 9 SiGe be die cle dc MSA 1.0 ee ee ree 1.0 ie. ok ie bund « Yess 3.5 i. ig win wtih wale 4.9 iit ihn «4 bh senna 5.8? i ks he 6.0 The responsibility for illiteracy cannot be placed upon immigration. Of the five million illiterates enumerated at the last census over three million, or sixty- two per cent were native born. Of these 1,109,875 were _native white of native white parentage—in short, what is often called pure American stock. ‘Prepared by the Research Department of the National Education Association. The figures for England and Scotland, the last available, probably overstate the Present amount of illiteracy. The British Library of Information of New York reports im 1922: “as far as England and Scotland are concerned, illiteracy is practically un- unknown except among a few quite old people who did not enjoy the benefits of compulsory education which has been in existence for years.” of Illiteracy The inadequacy of our educational system—or more exactly, of our rural schools—is the principal cause of illit- eracy. In our 1.82 per cent of the native-born are illiterate. The percentage of illiterates among the native born in the rural districts is 7.01. Illiteracy is therefore nearly four times cities as prevalent in rural as in urban com- munities. If the rural had been as ef- fective as our city schools in preventing illiteracv—that is, if they had kept the per cent of illiteracy down to 1.82— there would have been 1, 829,915 fewer native illiterates in the country in 1920. Native-born illiteracy would have been but a side issue of the problem of illit- eracy. We would be free to concentrate our attention upon the foreign-born and a comprehensive program of Americaniza- tion would in a decade all but eliminate illiteracy from our borders. Under prevailing conditions, the removal of illiteracy is principally a problem of dealing with the native-born. Our willingness to tolerate the makeshift rural school is responsible for the ex- istence in the country of nearly two million native-born persons doomed to go through life lacking that most elemental educational attainment, the ability to read and write. The progress that is now being made in the removal of illiteracy is not en- couraging. In twelve States the number of illiterates actually increased during the last census decade. (Table below.) The total number of illiterates in the country decreased from 5,516,163 to 4,931,905 between 1910 and _ 1920. This represented a drop in the per- centage of illiteracy in our population over ten years of age from 7.7 to 6.0 and an average annual decrease of 58,426. Tlliterates in the United States FO a wth hee so thee eeeen 5,516,163 EPO es cece pec’. Sears +,931,905 No. of Illiterates 1920 igio Massachusetts Connecticut New York New Jersey Ohio Illinois DEICOABAD:. 4....0<,«:, Texas ; Colorado Arizona .. Washington California 146,607 67,265 425,022 127,661 131,006 173,987 88,046 295,844 24,208 39,131 18,526 95,592 141,541 53,665 406,020 113,502 124,774 168,294 74,800 282,904 23,780 32,953 18,416 74,902 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaATION AssocIATION 343 If this rate of decrease were maintained illiteracy would not disappear for eighty- four years. It is known, however, that illiteracy does not disappear according to any such regular decrease as has been assumed. If present conditions con- tinue illiteracy bids fair to be a problem in our national life for at least a century. Can we afford to have our effectiveness as a democracy diluted for a century by a menace that would quickly fade before an adequate educational system? Illiteracy is not confined to any par- ticular section of the country. not a State that does not number its illiterates in the thousands. New York with 425,000 has more than any other State in the Union. Three of our north- ern States contain a greater number than any other three States in the Union. There is Number of Illiterates, 1920 Northern States— Peet) Wee a ek ae 425,022 Pennsylvania ............. 312,699 OS Se a eee ee 173,987 I tc ak oe oe 911,708 Southern States— GIs cna dc Gcletemaue ae 328,838 er eee 278,082 pS a BF 3 229,734 ND eke sc cine amen 836,654 That the percentage is smaller in our northern than in our southern States is beside the issue. ee engine Gli aa Ta aaa aD a cI aaa aaa NATIVE-BORN ILLITERATES (Over Ten Years of Age) NEGRO TOTAL NATIVE Per- Population Over Population Number Over of Ten Years | Illiterate | Illiterate cent Urban | 30,666,242 | 211,18 69 | 2,999,642 | i Rural | 30,195,621 | 1,031,459 | 3.4 | 5,053,583 | Ten Years | Per- Per- of | cent Illiterate | Illiterate} Number Population Number Over of Ten Years | Illiterate cent Illiterate 13.4 | 33,665,884 | 28.5 | 35,249,204 402,170 613, 283 1,439,991 | 2,471,450 Rural v.th equal oppor- tunity! | | | 208 , 350 j , 053,583 | 30, 195, 621 } | | | 677,180 13.4 | 85,249,204 | 641,535 1 If rural schools had been as effective in preventing illiteracy among our native-born population as have our urban, the illiteracy figures ior rural districts given in the next to the last line would be replaced by those given in the last line. 3. The Census Bureau classifies as_ illit- erate any person ten years of age or ovet who is unable to write in any language, . . . regardless of ability to read.’ 4. A statement by a foreigner that he is able to read and write in a foreign language is sufficient to cause him to be returned by the enumerator as literate.” 5. No test to determine illiteracy is made by the census enumerator, but the statement of each person enumerated, or a statement made on his behalf by some member of his family or another person, is accepted by the enumerator.” An illiterate person, according to the Federal Census, therefore, is one who confesses that he has had “no schooling whatever,” and that he is “unable to write in any language.” Any one who states he has had “even the slightest amount of schooling” is classified as literate. When these facts are fully compre- hended the five million illiterates enu- merated in 1920 have a new significance. Doubtless many who are unable to read and write in any language, owing to the fear of the stigma of illiteracy falsify their statements to the enumerator, and are wrongly included with the literates. This possibility is frankly admitted in the reports of the Federal Census. The census is therefore an understatement of the amount of illiteracy. Not until statistics on illiteracy re- sulting from the draft examinations became available, was it realized how far the Federal Census really hides * Volume III, 1920 census, page 10. ? Quoted from communication from Mr. W. M. Steuart, Director of Census, dated April 13, 1922, directed to the National Education Association. the problem. In connection with the psychological tests, a total of 1,552,256 men were examined during the draft. The men examined were distributed among twenty-eight camps located in every section of the country and there- fore may be accepted as reasonably repre- sentative of the draft as a whole. The figures below give the summarized re- sults of these examinations as they bear upon illiteracy: 1,552,256 24.9 Number of men examined... Per cent illiterate The figures of the Federal Census show that in 1920 six per cent of the population over ten years of age was illiterate. The draft figures show that 24.9 per cent of the men examined was illiterate. The principal cause of the discrepancy between these two figures is the difference between the definitions of illiteracy of the census and of the draft. The meaning of illiteracy according to the census, has been explained above. Illiteracy in the draft meant a lack of the “ability to read and understand newspapers and write letters home,” using the English language. Men who were not able to read sufficiently well, so that they could do themselves justice in a test involving the following type of reading matter were classed as il- literate: Get the answers to these examples as quickly as you can. Use the other side of this page to figure on if you need to. 1. How many are 30 men and 7 men?.. on i eG SP oe ONC Sag Gs Answer ( ) 2. If you save $7 a month for 4 months, how much will you save?....Answer ( ) and so on for 20 increasingly difficult problems. October, 1922 Considering the difference jn the definitions of illiteracy employed jn the census and the draft it is not Surprising that the figures on illiteracy from these two sources show a wide divergenge The Director of the Census has Stated that “the census figures undoubtedly underestimate the number of illiterates in the United States,” if illiteracy is de. fined as it was during the draft. Fine distinctions as to the definition and the exact percentage of illiteracy however, are beside the point. It js Pei necessary to accept absolutely either the census or the draft definition. The question of fundamental importance to the welfare of the Nation is this: In a democracy in which universal suffrage is in force can we safely disregard the fact that five million of our population are absolute and confessed _illiterates and that 24.9 per cent of our young men are so limited in their command of the English language that they are unable “to read and understand newspapers and write letters home”? The fact clearly exists that an alarming number of our citizens are so limited in their ability to read that they are obviously unable in- telligently to discharge their civic duties, Furthermore, this situation is primarily the result of the inadequacy of the school systems of our rural communities, Until these schools are reorganized we can expect but small progress in eradi- cating this menace to a _ democratic country. rs IT NOT REASONABLE to a sume that if a young man, because of the lack of fundamentals of an educa- | tion in English is disqualified to dis charge his duties as a soldier in times of war that he is for the same reason dis- qualified to perform his obligations in the civil affairs of citizenship in times of Can an uneducated man be more effective in civil affairs than he can be in military affairs? Should not the Nation, therefore, prescribe as its minimum intellectual standards for all citizens in times of peace those which are the equal of the intellectual standards prescribed by the Government for military service in times of war?—Dr. Thomas E. Finegan, State Superintendent of Public Instruction for Pennsylvania, in an address delivered before the National Education Associ tion, at Boston, July 6, 1922, on Th Education of Our IIliterates, peace ? — -* _—_—-> ~*~ reese Fre ~~ i oe Oe oe eee ek (Ue a oe. ee es ) as- “aUse luca- | dis- es of | dis- s in es of 1 be P can fore, ctual 5 of f the y the times State n for vered socia- Th Vol. 11, No. 8 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 345 oan ee ee ene nnn nnn ce CErEITIEITIITEIEEIIIEIIIIEIEIEINIEEInIIEEIINIEEIEIEEEEEEEEEEnRIRR EEE HELP for the various departments of the Association is being provided under the plan outlined in the SECRETARIAL annual report of the Secretary and adopted by the Representative Assembly at the Boston meeting. This plan pro- vides for the assignment of members of the Headquarters’ Staff to act as assist- ants to the officers of the Departments in planning programs, sending out material, and other activities. A LETTER from Sir James Yoxall, General Secretary of the National Union of Teachers, London, expresses the best thanks of the British teachers to the American teachers for the courtesies ex- tended to President W. G. Cove during his visit to America in July. Mr. Cornetius J. HEATWOLE suc- ceeded Dr. William T. Sanger as full- time secretary of the Virginia State Teachers Association on September 1, 1922. Dr. Sanger is now secretary of the Virginia State Board of Education. THE DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE IN- STRUCTION, under the leadership of its new president, Mr. Leslie O. Johnston, is making a list of science teachers through- out the country who wish to be members of this Department and who are in- terested in the strong program that is being prepared for its meeting next July. Science teachers who are_ interested should send their names and addresses to Mr. Arthur H. French, Secretary, in care of the Francis W. Parker High School, San Diego, California. THE BICENTENARY of the birth of Samuel Adams occurred on September 27. The Journal of Education for September 14, 1922, contains an account of his contribution to National inde- pendence and international justice. THE GROWING STRENGTH of the cause represented by the ‘Towner-Ster- ling bill is the subject of two editorials in the Educational Review for Septem- ber. Dr. Frank P. Graves, State Com- missioner of Education, Albany, New York, is editor. THE BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY of Theodore Roosevelt occurs on October 27. He was born in 1858. THE BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY of James Whitcomb Riley will be observed by many schools on October 2. Mr. Riley was born near Greenfield, Indiana, NOTES aud ANNOUNCEMENTS 5 0 00 0 0s 0 0 ne 0 0 0 0 0 0 — a ae in 1847. Indiana will celebrate Riley Week October 1-8. Dr. JoHN W. Cook, who died on July 15, was a contemporary of the late Dr. William T. Harris and Colonel Francis W. Parker. Mr. W. N. Sueats, State Superin- tendent of Public Instruction for Florida, who died suddenly on July 20, left a long record of service as State Superintendent, having held that office from 1893 to 1905 and again from 1912 until the time of his death. THE FOURTH NATIONAL CONVEN- TION of the American Legion will be held in New Orleans, October 16-20. Department of Superintend- ence—Owing to difficulties in completing adequate arrange- ments in Chicago, the Executive Committee of the Department of Superintendence considered other locations and has decided to hold the meeting in Cleve- land, February 26 to March 1, 1923. THE CoLorapo EpucaTion Asso- CIATION will meet November 7 to 11. The Western Division meets at Grand Junction; the Southern Division at Pueblo, and the Eastern Division at Denver. THE FvLoriwa State TEACHERS’ As- SOCIATION will hold its annual meeting at St. Petersburg, December 27 to 30. Tue Itimois State TEACHERS’ Association will meet October 8-14. The Chicago Division will meet in Chi- cago, October 8. The Illinois Valley Division meets at Princeton; the South- eastern Division at Lawrenceville; and the Eastern Division at Charleston October 12-14. Tue Mississippt STATE TEACHERS ASSOCIATION, at its last convention, changed its name to the Mississippi Edu- cation Association, giving as reasons the desire to conform with the nomenclature of similar organizations in other States and of the National Association and also the fact that the organization seeks to advance not only the teacher but also the cause of education. THe NesprasKA STATE TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION will meet in sections Octo ber 11-16. There will be meetings in Omaha, Norfolk, McCook, and North Platte. THE Wyominc State TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION meets in Cheyenne, Octo- ber 11, 12, and 13. AMERICAN EpucATION WEEK will be observed December 3 to 9. A joint committee of the Legion and the Associa- tion is well along with its program for the Week and many State associations and State departments of education are preparing special programs of their own. Copies of the program for the week suggesting subjects and slogans for each day may be had by applying to the National Education Association Head- quarters. THOROUGHGOING child health pro- grams are to be conducted in three typical American cities for a period of five years. These programs will be financed by the Commonwealth Fund and will be carried out under the auspices of the American Child Hygiene Association and the Child Health Organization of America. A joint com- mittee will have charge of general policies and plans. The first city will be selected from the upper-half of the Mississippi-River-Valley region. Full information may be had from the Child Health Committee, 522 Seventeenth Street Northwest, Washington, D. C. THE $20,000-PRIZE-CHARACTER-EDU- CATION plan which was described in THE JourNAL for April has _ been printed by the Character Education In- stitution, Washington, D. C. Distribu- tion is being made through State superintendents, each of whom will be furnished about fifty copies for use in consultation with educators as to the best methods of promoting character edu- cation. Over 250,000 pupits of high-school age participated in the recent good-roads contest and wrote essays on How Good Roads are Developing My Community. Fifty-four manuscripts, which are the prize essays from the various States and territories, are now in the hands of the judges, who are the Honorable Henry C. Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture ; George Horace Lorimer, editor of the Saturday Evening Post, and Dr. John Grier Hibben, president of Princeton University. Tue JourNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpuCATION ASSOCIATION i a en IN THE FIELD Du._utH, MINNESOTA, under the leadership of Superintendent J. H. Bentley, recently voted half a million dollars to be used in the purchase of school sites. A CONCRETE STADIUM seating 50,000 per- sons and costing $750,000 is being completed at the University of Pennsylvania and is to be used for the Army and Navy game on November 25. The seats in the stadium will be of wood and the space beneath the stands is to be used for physical education. San AnTon10, Texas, has recently voted $2,000,000 for a school-building program. With a population of 161,379 San Antonio ranks forty-first among the cities of the United States, according to the 1921 Census. Mr. Jeremiah H. Rhodes is superintendent of schools. THE BUDGET prepared by the Board of Education of New York City for 1922-23, calls for an expenditure of $95,007,766 for the school needs of the city. This is an increase of less than $5,000,000 over the budget of last year. A MINE-CAVE destroyed a_ three-story school-building at Larksville, Pennsylvania, on August 26. ONE-HUNDRED PUBLIC SCHOOLS in New York City will be obliged to close in October un- less coal becomes available, according to a statement recently made by Mr. Patrick Jones, superintendent of supplies, of the Board of Education. Mr. Georce EAsTMAN has given the city of Rochester, New York, a municipal theatre which is to cost $5,000,000. A STATE SPELLING CONTEST was held in the Exhibit Hall of the Wyoming State Fair Grounds at Douglas on September 14. The contest was between winners representing each of the Wyoming counties. Tue Kentucky ScHoot News on Septem- ber 1 published a_ special Shelby County edition featuring the rapid improvement and high standing of the schools of Shelby county. TuHE contest for the State superintendency in Nebraska is between the present superin- tendent, Mr. John M. Matson, and Principal E. Ruth Pyrtle, of the Lincoln schools, these two receiving the greatest number of votes in the recent primaries. Mr. H. R. Bonner, who resigned in June as specialist in educational statistics of the United States Bureau of Education, has ac- cepted the directorship of educational re- search for the American Alcohol Association, whose headquarters are in the Beailey Build- ing, Pasadena, California. Mr. Howarp Burce, recently’ elected superintendent of schools at Bronxville, New York, has resigned to accept the presidency of the State Normal School at Fredonia, New York. SUPERINTENDENT W. H. Morton, of the Fairbury (Nebraska) schools, goes to Beatrice to succeed Mr. A. J. Stoddard, who has taken the superintendency at Bronxville, New York. Both men were members of the Representative Assembly at Boston. Mr. G. H. Reavis, Dean of the School of Education, Pittsburgh University, has been promoted to the deanship of the University. THREE STEPS given by Superintendent C. W. Washburne, of Winnetka, Illinois, to aid in breaking the “lockstep” of the schools are: 1. Reconstruct the curriculum in terms of definite and specific objectives. 2. Con- struct tests to cover each specific objective, the tests being complete. and diagnostic. 3. Prepare self-instructive and _ self-cor- rective practice material leading up to these tests. A SURVEY was taken among the 125 mem- bers of the graduating class of the Pennsyl- vania State College in June to ascertain what they considered had been the gteatest benefit to them in the course of study. Of the total forty-four gave “association with stu- dents and others.” Only five men said that an education was the greatest benefit to be secured, while five others said that a tech- nical education was the chief advantage. Twenty-five students said that a college edu- cation was valuable because of the broader view of life that it gave, twelve said they had been taught to think seriously, six said that self-confidence was the primary product of their training, and five said that worldly experience was the outstanding gain.—New York Evening Mail. BACHELOR OF EDUCATION COURSE FOR TeacHers—The Boston University School of Education has formulated a curriculum lead- ing to the degree of bachelor of education. It is a four-year course comprising at least two years of broad and intensive work in college, added to the two or more years of normal school or other professional educa- tional study. A total of 120 points of college work is required for the degree, including six points in psychology, six in laboratory science, ten in English composition, ten in a foreign language, twelve in social science, and two points in public speaking; the com- pletion of a major and a minor subject and assigned practical work. At least four fifths of all the credits must be of grade “C” or higher—New York Evening Mail. New York City ENRoLMENT—The total enrolment in the schools is estimated at ap- proximately 945,000, of which 101,000 will be in the high schools ; 436,000 in the element- ary; and the remainder in trade, training, and other special schools. These figures do not include the continuation schools, which expect from 20,000 to 30,000 pupils—New York Evening Mail. October, 1929 New York City HicH ScHOOLS—“Crowdeq almost to capacity after resorting to double sessions and part time,” is the announcement of practically all high-school principals e. cept the three who have had new additions built to their schools. “Standing room only” sign had to be put up at the Commercial High School in Brooklyn. Registration is 3400 and the seating capacity is 1800, Some of the classes are so large that some of the boys have to stand during recitations. Th, pupils alternate in standing, so that alll of them have seats part of the day, “Open from 7.50 to 5.05” is the announcement x the Erasmus Hall High School, Brooklyn. New York Evening Mail, September 12, 1922. Mr. Leo B. BAISDEN, principal of the Jef. ferson Elementary School and __ formerly president of the Principals’ Association jp Seattle, Washington, has been elected prin. cipal of the Everett High School, Everett, Washington. Dr. Herpert R. Harper, of Boston Uni- versity, will begin work as chancellor of the University of Denver on November 2, PresipENT W. G. Cove, of the British As sociation, who was present at the Boston meeting, has begun a series of sketches on his visit to America in The Schoolmaste (London). NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY conducted tests for mental alertness on freshmen who reg- istered for work during the current semester, Mr. L. Winfield Webb, professor of psychol- ogy, conducted the tests. Dr. CHARLES F. THWING, president emer- itus of Western Reserve University, was unanimously elected president of the United Chapter Phi Beta Kappa, at the fourteenth National council, which was held on Septem- ber 12 at Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Edward A. Birge, president of the University of Wis- consin and of the United Chapter, declined re-election and was made a life member. Other officers elected were: Virginia C orem ee = Gildersleeve, dean of Barnard College; Dr. | A. Lawrence Lowell, president of Harvard University; Professor Clark S. Northum, of Cornell University; Ellen president of Wellesley College; Albert Shaw, editor of The Review of Reviews; Talcott Williams, professor emeritus of Columbia University; Frederick C. Ferry, president of Hamilton College; Alexandria R. Hatfield, dean of the University of California; Charles Evans Hughes, Secretary of State, and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Dr. CHARLES W. FLINT, who took charge of Syracuse University on June 15 at the re tirement of Dr. James R. Day, will be F. Pendleton, | formally inaugurated chancellor on Novem | ber 3. Russian UNIVERSITY average age of thirty years, according to 4 report of a member of the American Relief Administration who has just returned Students in Russia have for years beet unable to complete their education. Tue New ENGLAND CONSERVATORY O Music, Boston, is expanding its course public school supervisors and teachers under the direction of Mr. Samuel W. Cole, Brookline, Massachusetts. STUDENTS have a0 | THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpuCATION ASSOCIATION Cantilever Stores Cut this out for reference Akron-11 Orpheum Arcade Albany—Hewett’s Silk Shop-15 N. Pearl St. Altoona-Bendheim’s, 1302-11th Ave, Asbury Park-Best Shoe Co. Asheville--Pollock’s Atianta—Carlton shoe & Clo. Co. Auburn & Geneva.N.Y.—Dusenbury Co. Austin—Cari H. Mueller. Baltimore—325 No. Charies St. Battle Creek- Ba hlman’s bootery Birmingham-219 North 19th &t. Boston—Jordan Marsh Co. Bridgeport-W._K. Mollan Brookiyn-414 Fulton 8t. Buflalo-639 Main St. Butte-Hubert Shoe Co. Camden-Curran's, 110 Broadway. Cedar Rapids-‘The hillian Co. Charleston-J. F. Condon & Sons Charlotte-221 Piedmont Bldg. 30 E., Randolph St. (Room 502) Chicago { 3750 Sheridan Rd. (Room 214) Cincinnati-The McAlIpin Co. Cleveland-Graner-P owers, 1274 Euclid Av. Columbia, S. C.-W atson Shoe Co. Columbus, O.-104 E. Broad St. (at 3rd) Dallas-Leon Kahn Shoe Co. Davenport-R. M. Neustadt & Sons Daytov—The Rike- Kumler Co, Denver-—224 Foster Bidg. Des Moines-W. L. White Shoe Co. Detroit-41 E. Adams Ave. ‘ Easton—H. Mayer, 427 Northampton} Elmira-—C. W. O’bhea El Paso—Popular Dry Goods Co. Erie—Weschier Co ., 910 State St. Evanston—North Shore Bootery Fall River-D. F, Sullivan Galveston—Clark W. Thompson Co. Grand Rapids- Herpolsheimer Co. Harrisburg—26 No. 3rd St. Hartford-86 Pratt St. Holyoke-Thos. S. Childs, 275 High St. Houston-306 Queen Theatre Building Huntingion, W. Va._McMabon-Dieh! Indianapolis—L. 8. ‘Ayres & Co. Jackson, Mich.—Palmer Co. Jacksonville-Golden’s Bootery Jersey City—Bennett’s, 411 Central Ave. Kansas City, Kan.—N elson Shoe Co, Kansas City , Mo.-300 Altman Bidg. Kingston—E. T. Stelle & Son Knoxville-Spence Shoe Co, Lancaster, Pa.-—Frey's, 3 E. King St. Lansing-F’. N. Arbaugh Co. Lawrence, Mass.-—G. H. Woodman Lexington, Ky.-Denton, Ross, Todd Co. Lincoln—Mayer Bros. Co. Little Rock-—Poe Shoe Co., 302 Main St. Los Angeics—505 New Pantages Bidg. Louisville-Boston_ Shoe Co. Lowell-The Bon Marche McKeesport—W m. I’. Sullivan Macon-The Da posabers, Co. Memphis-Odd Fellows Bldg. (2nd floor) Milwaukee— Brouwer Shoe Co. Minneapolis-25 Eighth St., South Mobile—Level Best Shoe Store Montgomery -C ampbell Shoe Co, Mt. Vernon. N. Y.—A. J. Rice & Co. Nashvil'e-J. A. Meadors & Sons Newark-897 Broad St.opp.City Hall New Bedford-—Olympia Shoe Store V\ New Britain-Sloan Bros. New Haven-—153 Court &t, (2d floor) NewOrileans—109 Baronne 8t.(R 200) ZJNew Rochelle-W are’s New York-22 West 39th St. Norfolk-Ames & Brownley Oakland-—205 Henshaw Bldg. Omaha-1708 Howard St. Paterson—10 Park Ave. (at Erie Depot) Pawtucket-Evans & Young Peoria-Lehmann Bldg. (Room 203) Philadelphia—1300 Walnut St. Pittsburgh-The Rosenbaum Co. Pittsfield—Fahey ’s, 234 North &t. Plainfield-M. C, Van Arsdale Portland, Me.—Palm*er Shoe Co. Portland, Ore.-353 Alder St. Poughkeepsie—Louis tchonberger Providence—The Boston Store Reading-Sig. S. Schweriner Richmond, Va. -—Seymour Syclie Rochester-148 East Ave. Rock Island—B ostor Shoe Co. St. Louis—516 Areade Bidg.,Opp.P.o. St. Paul—43 FE. 5th S8t.( Frederictiotel) Saginuw—Goeschel-Brater Co. Salt Lake City— Waller Bros. Co. San Francisco— Phelan Bldg. Arcade Savannah—Globe Shoe Co. Schenectady—P atton & Hall Scranton—Lewis & Reilly. Seattie—Baxter & Baxter Shreveport—Ph elps Shoe Co. Sioux Falls-The Bee Hive. South Bend- Ells worth Store Spokane-The Crescent Springfield, 11-A. W. Klaholt Springfield, Mass.- Forbes & Wallace Stamford-L. Spelke & Son Syracuse-121 W. Jefferson St. Tacoma-255 So. 11th St. ( Fidelity Bdg.) Terre Haute—-Otto C. Hornung Toledo-—LaSalie & Koch Co. Trenton—H. M. Vcorhees & Bro. Troy-35 Third St. (2nd floor? Tulsa-Lyons Shoe Store Utica-Room 104, Foster Bldg. Waltham-Rufus Warren & Sons Washington—1319 F St Waterbury-Howland-Hughes Co. heeling—Geo. R. Taylor Co. Wichita—Roraba ugh’s ilkesbarre-M. F. Murray Worcester—J. C. MacInnes Co. Yakima-Kohis Shoe Co. Yonkers—22 Main St. York-The Bon Ton YoOungstown-B. McManus Co. lie~J. B. Hunter Co. Agencies in 294 other cites Autumn brings many in- terests. Work and amuse- ments take a fresh start at th's time of year. Opportu- nities for advancement come to the business girl. The home woman sets her house in order for the comfort of the family and the social ac- tivities of the new season. Shopping time is here again. Store windows are a joy. The departments dis- play an interesting and allur ing variety of garments, fabrics, noveltics. Club work starts up afresh. Fall exhi- bitions of pictures are given. New plays are being put on. The lecture season opens. Classes in night schools be- gin. Gollege contests are held in sports and scholar- ship. All these combine to make life actively interesting. But your interest lags, your efficiency is impaired, your joy is lessened if your feet hurt. Comfortable shoes make you —s Comfortable Shoes — “Increase Your Gnjoyment forget your feet and let you focus your whole attention on your work and your other inter- ests. They increase your en- durance and hence add to your enjoyment of life generally. Cantilever Shoes are comfort- able shoes. They are modelled on natural lines, with a flexible arch, entirely free from the con- cealed metal which is in the shank of ordinary shoes. The flexible arch of Canti- levers, together with their nat- ural sole line, the neat, rounded toe which gives ample room, the well placed medium or low heel, give great comfort to tired, weak feet, correct and prevent fallen arches, and help you in a hun- dred other ways. Cantilevers are made for men also. Every pair of Cantilevers is trademarked to protect you. Look over the dealer list at the left of this advertisement. If you do not find one listed for your town, write the manufac- turers, Morse & Burt Co., 10 Carlton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y., for the address of a nearby dealer, and for a free booklet on shoes and feet. antilever Shoe Endorsed by Women’s Colleges, Women's Clubs, Public Health Authorities, Physicians, Osteo- paths, Directors of Physical Education, Editors, Stage Celebrities and prominent women everywhere. A-156 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION October, 192? NEWS OF THE BUSINESS WORLD Notes and Comments of Interest to Educators and relating particularly to the sale of School Supplies and School Equipment Advertised in this magazine. May H. Prentice, Director of El- ementary Training of the Teachers’ College in Kent, Ohio, is the winner of a $1000.00 prize trip through Europe offered to the members of the National Education Association by F. E. Compton & Company, Chicago, Illinois, for the best exposition of practical educational value of their new “Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia.” The second prize, a $500.00 trip to Alaska, was won by Thomas C. Blaisdell, Dean of the Nor- mal School, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania, and the third prize, a $250.00 trip to a National Park, was awarded to Dr. George E. Smith, Deputy Superintend- ent, Buffalo, New York. The judges were W. C. Bagley, Pro- fessor of Education, Teachers’ College, Columbia University; Marion L. Bur- ton, President of the University of Michigan; and Mr. H. B. Wilson, Superintendent of Schools at Berkeley, California. Interesting New Catalogue The Prang Company of Chicago and New York have just published a sixty- four page “Illustrated Catalogue” that is unique in several ways. The first section of the catalogue is devoted to Educational Articles on How to Use Enamelac, Ivorene, Permodello, Juteen and other new Drawing, Art and Hand-work materials. This section is really an Educational Magazine that is full of suggestions for all grade teachers. The second section is an Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue of what is prob- ably the largest line in the country of Art and Hand-work supplies, that is being constantly enlarged by the addition of new items. The new materials originated by The Prang Company have done a great deal to enrich the work in Industrial Art in our public schools. The third section of the Catalogue is devoted to a complete price list in which are given net prices to teachers and schools. It is always an advantage for teachers to know exactly what their supplies are going to cost. This new net price list is a radical departure for The Prang Company, and means lower prices and a great saving to thousands of teachers and schools. We _ under- stand this Catalogue is sent free to teachers, and suggest that our readers send their name and address on a post card for a copy of it. Swem’'s Comeback Charles Lee Swem, who for eight years followed with his nimble fingers the rich vocabulary of ex-President Wilson, and whose high speed short- hand records once astonished the world, has “come back” in competition. MAY H. PRENTICE Director of Elementary Training, Teachers’ College, Kent, Ohio At the speed contest held by the National Shorthand Reporters’ Associa- tion at New London, Connecticut, in August, a name entered which aroused the memory of many an old- time writer. That name was Charles Lee Swem. And when the count was taken, to the astonishment of the com- mittee, Mr. Swem had won second place in the Championship Contest and again broken two previous world’s records. On the high-speed court-matter test, dictated at the extraordinary speed of 280 words a minute, Mr. Swem, al- though never a court reporter, won second place. As Mr. Swem modestly explained, “I wrote the Gregg system based on or- dinary longhand. How could I for- get it!” Ginn and Company are advertising the Frye-Atwood New Geography which has a human appeal to the children. Little, Brown & Company and the Mac- millan. Company are presenting new was books on domestic science and _ history respectively. It is undoubtedly true that the jp. fluence of pictures on the growing ming is recognized by educators. Bausch & Lomb Optical Company emphasize this fact in the product, of their balopticon, the perfect stereopticon. Now that the fall is here, athletics will be coming more and more into the The James W. Brine Company with their splendid line of equipment will be glad to hear from am school in need of athletic supplies. Barnhart Brothers & Spindler show the need of printing in the schools. Printing not only helps in education, but also in giving one a vocation. The McConnell Map Company are bringing their maps before our readers with a_ striking This artistic page helps much in adding color to the magazine. The history of American literature will ever be of interest to English lovers, Books on this subject may be obtained from Rand McNally & Company. Fairbanks, Morse & Company en- phasize the responsibility of school au- foreground. advertisement. thorities for the physical well-being of every child in their care. ‘Their scales have a nation-wide reputation. Beautiful pictures around the class room undoubtedly brighten it up, interest the children and cultivate their taste for the finer things. The Perry Pictures Company show the fine pictures that can be obtained for a very small sum. Music brightens up everyone and especially the children. All children love music. Music in the class-room makes the students happy and invigorates them. The Miessner Piano Company shows the need of a Mongram piano in every school. Maps are needed in every class-room. The McConnell Map Company and Rand McNally & Company have been advertising their maps in THE JOURNAL for a long time. We are glad to wel come into our advertising pages A. J. Nystrom & Company with their splendid line of maps and also the Dobson-Evans Company. The Teachers Casualty Underwriter with their splendid message tell of the wonderful benefits that can be recei for the small sum of less than a mi a day. 1m — tics the rine of any how D0ls, but are ders This ‘olor ture vers, Lined em- | au ig of scales class- terest e for ‘tures it can and Idren room prates apany no in room. and been RNAL » wel- A. J. lendid Evans yriters of the ceived nickel THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpUCATION ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS OF NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION PRICE LIST FOR 1922 1201 Sixteenth Street Northwest, Washington, D. C. A limited number of the reports listed below are on hand and will be sold until the supply is exhausted, at the prices listed. 5 Price per Price per single copy single copy 4 3 by mail. by mail. Report of Committee of Ten _on Secondary Schools, 1894. Be. 2 Statistical Data on Illiteracy, Teachers, etc.... 14 pages $ .25 From American Book Co., ps ra ee AP a4 249 pages $2.00 x. 3 Preparation Oe ciao, ok abe grew niae'e's 14 Report of Committee on College Entrance Requirements, 1899 188 4 1.00 0. 4 The. Rural School te, ee eee 14 25 Report of Committee on Normal Schools, 1899....... ines. ~~ & .50 No. 5 A Statement of Serer eee 4 t of >-oenigaae on Salat ies, Tenure, and Pensions of No. 6 leachers’ Salaries and Salary Sx hedules, 1918 y oo. SS eer ee ee ee eee ee re 458 ia 2.00 19, Eis, Bin: Bs bass bie do as bah webb Kove 0 169 1.50 nt of Committee on Taxation as Related to Public Edu- Report of Committee on Superintendents’ Problems, 1919... O69 a 5é yo Sy rena Ge eae ee 86 ig .50 History of the National Education Association of the United Report of Committee on Industrial Educ ation in Schools for - States, rBeo-9% .kublics Bau waesoeens Dig snake 0 00h oa2ee dn 140 2 EEE SSE Sere cree eee ere 97 -50 Historical chapter of the National Education Association, ; Report of Committee on Ins struction in Library Administra- r Fiftieth Anniversary Volume, 1857- 1906. «+0000. .25 Full Report of Committee on U niform Records and Reports, ‘. Report of Commission on Administrative Legis lation, 1918.. 16 -25 . oe ee Gi r oe bee ot sAs ee sa nehes ing gt iAS «2's Sonne 251 Report of Committee on Teachers’ Salaries and Cost of Liv- Li 2 ull Rey ae o ommittee on Voca ational E ducation, 1914... 64 OO EES oer reer secant 1.00 Report of Committee on f roposed Terminology, W914-2.022 45 Report of Committee on Library Organization and Equip- = Report of Committee on Teachers’ Salaries and Cost of Liv- be ERNIE 4 5s. 4 ciety ainss'e +b Stine aig iele ce eiesd oe a 30 -40 cg, FEe LY Ee CO ee ee ere Oey Pee 328 2.00 Commission Series: (A National Program for “ ation ) < Final Report of Nz ational Committee of Fifteen on Geometry No. 1 General Statement, Emergency in Education. 27 -25 SPURDUS, 191B: é . chia ppe hon Gime wehus > «owns bleu we hoes 54 ( BOUND VOLUMES OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION Price per Price per Price per Price per volume. volume. volume, volume. *1871 St. Louis (Supply ex- *1883 Saratoga Springs (Sup- 1806 Buffalo ....isicgknnbes $5.00 bese SNEE! 6 case satabech $3.00 hausted) ply exhausted) 1897 Milwaukee Steen eee 3.00 Ot NR gs. adinncdéau abies 3.00 *1872 Boston (Supply ex- 1884 Madison ........... +++ $3.00 1898 Washington, D. C...... 5.00 i911 San Francisco.......... 3.00 hausted) *1885 Saratoga Springs (Sup- 1899 Los Angeles........... 3.00 FOSS SOON os a ccicc cscs 22 3.00 SE Se eee $3.00 ply exhausted) 1900 Charleston . 2... ..06.. ea 1913 Salt Lake hay, oer 3-00 ee . 3.00 1886 T opeka ase Sae soeseceee 3.00 G08 Dero © i... sca bekiecne 3-00 ee ee ee 3 3.0 1875 Minneapolis............ 5.00 *1887 Chicago (Supply ex- 1902 Minneapolis oa sak & aren. 3.00 Sg”. eee eS 3.00 3876 Baltimore ............; 3.00 _ he austed ) 1903 Boston... Try ee ee 3.00 1916 New York re _ Peres 3. *1877 Louisville (Supply ex- 1888 San Francisco......... 3.00 Tome Se: Sat. . cSaccs oes 3.00 reer 3.01 hausted) ~~ PS i ee 3.00 1905 Asbury Park and Ocean PORT I 5.5 a ows cnc as 3.00 1878 (No meeting) 1890 St. _ EES le Fe 3.00 _ Grove PS ee -s 3.00 1919 Milwaukee wesc cece eeen 3.00 1879 Philadelphia ........... 5.00 BSGE : DOOMED us. sn09 252 8 40 3.00 1906 Fiftieth Anniversary (No sone want See 2Ntys ioc ics ss 3.00 1880 Chautauqua ........... 3.00 1892 Saratoga Springs....... 3.00 meeting) General In- roe: Des Moines... occcccece 3.00 NN SOC E CT OE 3.00 Ens CCAM. « 2:55 £50 h e588 a 5 3.00 dex (1857-1906)...... 3.00 1922 Boston (On Press)..... 3.00 *1882 Saratoga Springs (Sup 1364 Asbury Park.........0+ 3.00 1907 Los Anges i. 6633s es 3.00 ply exhausted) FURS SNE sive aao entender 3.00 8908. ClevelORG. ...cccscccces 3.00 *The National Education Association will purchase a limited number of copies for the years for which the supply is exhausted at $2.00 a volume. Members wishing to dispose of volumes for years 1871, 1872, 1877, 1882, 1883, 1885, 1887, 1898, and 1900 should notify the Secretary. The Association cannot at present purchase for other years, ; In cases where the price is $5 a volume the supply is almost exhausted. Some of the volumes are slightly damaged. PRINCIPAL TEACHER - SUPERINTENDENT HAVE YOU THE TECHNIQUE OF SUPERVISION By the ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPAL? One of the Most Valuable Publications of the Year Being the First Yearbook of the Department of Elementary School Principals TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Chapter I. The Art of Visitation. \V. Provision for the Gifted Child. II. The Measyrement of Efficiency. VI. Diagnosis by Means of the Informal or III. Following Up the Intelligence Test. Unstandardized Test. IV. The Problem of the Individual Case. VII. The Follow-Up Work of the Principal. VIII. Members of the Department. PRICE, ONLY $1.25. Write at once—Only a limited supply on hand Le eS CN EG oe ee ee OEE A SOE AS SA OE RR ee ee a NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, 1201 SIXTEENTH ST., WASHINGTON, D. C. Mention THE JournaL when writing our advertisers. A-158 THE JoURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTIon ASSOCIATION October, 1922 - %, 4 me %0 - Oo iro a $1,200.00 in Cash Payments— This Book—FREE to Teachers and Schools The Facts in the Case This original and essentially unique Children’s Library of Universal Knowl- edge has now an established place in over one million homes. THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE has been a vital factor in the intellectual de- velopment of many millions of children and has won the approval of parents everywhere. And now—what do teachers think of it as an aid in Primary and Elementary education? And how can it be made likewise of greatest service to the school as in the home? Teachers’can best answer this question. This is why we wish to purchase, from members of the National Education As- sociation—and also from teachers every- where — informative papers, suggestive articles, practical ideas and reports of class-room results, showing our Edi- tors how THE BOOK OF KNOWL- EDGE may best be fitted into daily \ class-room work, especially in Ra hy 1. Seat Work. 2. Problem Se ep \ Project Work. 3. Topical 4 % Recitation. 1, Advanced . or Extra Work for Su- per-Normal! Children. 5. Reference ing at Home or in School. And we are highly grati- fied to Supplementary | Read- ° The Children mittee, of which For Papers, Articles, Suggestions, Ideas or Reports of Class-room Results TO N. E. A. MEMBERS Members of the National Educational Association can point out to our Editors how to facilitate the education of children, and at the same time help their teachers, by practical school-room work with The Book of Knowledge ’s Encyclopaedia We have set aside Twelve Hundred ($1,200.00) Dollars with which to purchase outright papers or articles from trained teachers and prac- tical educators, showing how to make THE BOOK OF KNOWL- EDGE an even more effective aid in class-room work with young children and growing boys and girls than is even now the case. All contributions will be passed upon and judgment awarded by a com- WALTER SIDERS, Chairman Board of Trustees, National Education Association, Superintendent of Schools, Pocatello, Idaho, is the chairman. be able to announce that all papers and communications will be passed upon and judged by a committee, of which WALTER SIDERS, Chairman Board of Trustees, National Education {ssociation, Superintendent of Schools, Pocatello, Idaho, is the chairman. Payments for Selected Articles Purchase payments will be made as follows, upon findings, as to the most in- formative contributions: For the rst Most For the 3d Most Informing Article For the 2d Most $75 Informing Article Informing Article $50 For the 10 For the 25 For the 100 Next Best $25 Next Best $10 Next Best $5 Articles Articles Articles Editorial Suggestions and Co-operation Checks for accepted articles will be mailed to the writers on or before De- cember 20, 1922. As this is nm no sense a prise contest, you incur no obligation whatsoever in subinitting your contribution. You do not have to purchase the work, nor does your school have to own it. You may use your Public Library's set, or one in the home of a friend or of one of your pupils. Contributions should be submitted in usual literary form; but they will be judged pri- marily upon their constructive vision and practical suggestions in appraising THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE. as a correlative aid in Primary and Elementary teaching. Get Acquainted with THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE and Tell Our Editors How You Would Use It, as a Supplementary Aid in Your Work. Mention Tue Journat when writing our advertisers. 20-in-1 Children’s Library Every volume of THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE can be used by children simultaneously in studying certain phases of their school-room work. For while each volume is integrally related to every other volume of the work as a whole, each volume is at the same time self- contained and complete in itself. For example, if the subject assigned as a Problem Project Study were “What We See in the Sky,” the children would find reference material in every one of the Twenty (20) Volumes, without hav- ing to strive with that adult and purely formal mechanism, “alphabetical arrange- ment.” Some of the interesting correlary read- ings under this general subject are: The Worlds in the Skies The Sun and His Family How the Earth was Made The Men Who Mapped the Skies The Wonder of the Sun The Moon, the Lamp of Night The Wonder of Time and Tide The Stars as We See Them all of them interesting and every one of them vital and practical to the subject assigned. Teachers’ Guide to Reading Courses—FREE Our ‘Teachers’ Guide to Reading Courses: Five Minute Lessons in THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE” has been found of greatest assistance to teacher or parent in guiding children to the utmost possible profit from THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE by the sys- tematic use of its material. This book will assist you to prepare your contribution, we hope you will Write for It. There 1s NO Charge: we gladly send it without any obli- gation, FREE THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucATION AssOcIATION A-159 VALUES When you pay: Good American Dollars for STEEL LOCKERS .: STEEL SHELVING You are giving REAL VALUE But remember — There are Franc, Mark and Rouble as well as American Dollar Values to be Bought. When you buy on price, That’s EDUCATION; When you pay repair bills, That’s KNOWLEDGE; But when you re-order on Quality, That’s LEARNING. O! would that all School Boards were Educators. Federal Steel Fixture Co. 611 Wrigley Bldg. CHICAGO 706 Park Row Bldg. NEW YORK Chicago LOOKING TO OUR FOUNDATIONS Is the Significant Title of a Virile Book by JAMES F. MCCULLOUGH In which the author discusses frankly and fearlessly some of the fundamental and timely economic questions involved in the conduct and management of our public schools. Some of these subjects are: “The Menacing Tendency to Centralize the Domination and Control of the Public Schools in Bureaucratic State Departments.” Noteworthy examples cited. “The Wasteful Dissipation of Public School Funds to Other Than Educational Purposes by Politically Domi- nated State and City School Systems.” “The Salary Question. The Unjustifiable and Uncon- scionable Disparity Between the Salaries Paid in City School Systems to the Few in General Control, and the Scale of Wages Paid to the Many Employed in Instruc- tion.” Examples cited for Illustration. “A Scientific Basis for the Equitable Adjustment of Relative Salaries from Elementary Teacher up to and Including the Superintendent, Submitted for the Guidance of Boards of Education in Fixing Salaries.” “School Teaching as a Profession. The Social, Pro- fessional, and Economic Status of the School Teacher.” In press. Ready soon. 8vo. 384 pp. $3.00, sent postpaid Order direct from the publishers THE ECONOMIC PRESS GENEVA, ILLINOIS A Complete Basic Course in American Literature History of American Literature Selections from American Literature By L. W. Payne, Jr., Professor of English, University of Texas These companion volumes give a com- plete survey of our literature with am- ple selections from major writers repre- senting all parts of the country: I. New York and the Middle Atlantic States; II. New England; III. The South; IV. The Middle and Far West. Full notes and suggestive questions and exercises; unqualified indorsement of teachers and superintendents, and— best of all—loved by the student. If a one-book course is desired, Payne’s American Literary Readings with Intro- ductory History will meet your needs. Rand M‘SNally & Company 536 S. Clark Street, Chicago - 42 E. 22d Street, New York City The Vocabulary Method of Training Touch Typists | —— A pioneer course, which makes use of scientific and psychological principles in teaching touch typewriting. By C. E. BIRCH ALSO, a complete line of modern commercial texts Send for Price List or samples. ELLIS PUBLISHING COMPANY Educational Publishers BATTLE CREEK, - MICHIGAN Mention THe Journat when writing our advertisers. A-160 THE JouRNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTION ASSOCIATION October, 1922 THE WOMANS PRESS | TEACHING OF ENGLISH AND THE FOREIGN-BORN WOMAN By Minnie Newman This pamphlet of five chapters is not only practical in its suggestions for teaching past tenses and English idioms, but it also goes into the more vital question of Americanization through training American women to understand Europe. The Pupil, | Teacher and Her Training, Methods and Materials, Matters of Administration, and the Language are the chapter headings. 35 cents TEN TALKS TO GIRLS ON HEALTH By Augusta Rucker, M. D. A series of talks designed to arouse the interest of girls in the essentials of health. The talks are straight-from-the-shoulder advice on such subjects as Food, Teeth, Exercise, Drugs, Love and Health, and World Health. $1.00 IT IS TO LAUGH By Edna Geister A new book of games and stunts. In it there are games for large groups and small; games for the family; for dinner parties; for church social events; with one whole chapter devoted to out-of-doors and picnic programs. Enough of the princi- | ples of leadership are given in _ each description to make every event accomplish its purpose, to make recreation, pee oe 1.25 “DAWN OF AMERICAN LIBERTY” THE BaTTLe oF APRIL 19, 1775, second edition, by Frank W. Coburn. A concise and carefully written account of the Barrie at LExincrTon AND AT Concorpb, etc. For schoolroom use, school libraries, hand-book for visual instruction, or for gift purposes. Recommend it to your town or city library. Lists all authorities ; 180 pages, profusely illustrated. Published, at $1.75, By the LEXINGTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY Lexington, Massachusetts Send for free pamphlet ‘“‘ What to See in Lexington.’’ Professional Placement for Progressive Teachers Discriminating Service to School Officials THE J. Ms. HAHN TEACHERS AGENCY Rests on a record of ten years of successful teacher-placement in California and the Pacific Coast. Serves all Educational! Institutions— Kindergartens, Elementary and Secondary Schools, Normal Schools, Colleges, and Universities. No registration fee Correspondence invited J.M.HAHN | rers Rooms 35-38, 2161 Shatt Blanche Tucker f Managers Berkeley, Californian ame WESTERN TEACHERS’ EXCHANGE Sites + ara You Our Methods are MODERN and PROFESSIONAL DENVER, COLO. CHICAGO, ILL. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. BERKELEY, CALIF Gas and Electric Bldg. Peoples Gas Bldg. Plymouth Bldg. Berkeley Bank Bldg. MEN AND WOMEN The Fisk Teachers’ Agencies Make your education Founded by Everett O. Fisk, 1884 count. Get the best posi- Boston, 2a Park Street Chicago, 814 Steger Bld. tion to be had. We place New York, 225 Fifth Ave. Kansas City, 1020 McGeeSt, THE WOMANS PRESS NEW YORK teachers and school executives in all parts of the coun- Syracuse, 402 Dillaye Bldg. Denver, 1221 Pearl St. try. Not an ordinary agency. A bureau for specialists— Philadelphia, 1420 Chestnut St. Portland, 604 Journal Bld. largest in America. No elementary school subjects. College graduates a nae 549 Union Arcade Berkeley, 2161 Shattuck Ay ialty. More than half of the state universities have selected our candi- eae T: ates. We will put you in just the place you want and add hundreds of Birmingham, 809 Title Bldg. Los Angeles, 510 Spring St. Memphis 1048 Court Ave. dollars to your income or there is nothing to pay. Write for details—NOW. SPECIALISTS’ EDUCATIONAL BUREAU, H-F Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Send to any address above for agency manual The Pathfinder is the great illustrated, current-events paper published at the Nation’s Capital for teachers everywhere. It is the Ford of che school PATHFINDER world. Tells story of world’s news in interesting, understandable way. You will like The Pathfinder. There is no other paper like it for the NATIONAL teacher that wants to keep well informed or for use in class work. Famous Pathfinder Question Box answers your questions and is a mine of informa- WEEKLY tion. Regular price of Pathfinder is $1 a year, but you can have it on trial 13 weeks for only 1§ cents. Ask for special current-events circular and 15 Cents rate for school club subscriptions. Address: THE PATHFINDER, 681 Langdon Station, Washington, D. C. OUR FREE SERVICE in teaching the Mechanics and Pedagogy of Palmer Method Penmanship is still offered to all teachers whose pupils are provided with individual copies of our manual, OTHER TEACHERS may enrol for the complete correspondence course upon payment of the small fee of ten dollars, OUR THIRTY VISITING INSTRUCTORS cover the entire United States, and their services are still free to all schools having Palmer Penmanship adoptions. THE PALMER METHOD PLAN when followed exactly leads to enduring handwriting, which becomes a big asset in school, business, and social life. PALMER METHOD PENMANSHIP ° written at commercial speed and is as plain as print. BR... : conserves the time of the writer and the time of the Palmer Method Penmanship compels healthful posture while writing, thus conserving health and vision. PALMER METHOD SPELLERS all in Palmer Method Penmanship are attracting more and more the at- ‘ tention of modern educators. Follow immediately the Palmer Method Penmanship lesson with the Palmer Method Spelling lesson, and the results in both subjects will be highly gratifying. PALMER METHOD STANDARDIZED PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES #re selling in very great increased quantities, Write for beautiful Iiustrated Catalog because they offer the greatest value. THE A. N. PALMER COMPANY 30 Irving Place, New York City. 2128 Calumet Avenue, Chicago. ~ Pittock Building, Portland, Oreg. TEE 2 COSTUMES SCHOOL PLAYS We will send you postpaid any school or collet book upon. receipt of the publishers’ list price( reduction if we have a secondhand copy). We will open an account with School Boards, ‘schools and We furnish costumes wigs,etc.,for all schoo lays and operas. hakesperian and his- gn" 00 y torical tumes our . » n specialty. 40 years’ ex- 10 Days FREE Trial S’o"": cachers. Send us a triel order. Mention yout perience. For informa- seatee-—tlediene ‘ Mn official position. We will accept any new or set; ‘ood, Remington, Oli pt ies and tion address > ver—at big saving, Every machine fully ondhand school or college books, Dictionaries d work like new. Guar- Translations in exchange, or buy for cash if : e built to look Fritz Cageaee \ = gateed for 10 ye nd no money — Box = ig Free Catalon shows how to save money 6B W. Lake = A) on type writers. Easy terms. Write today, Ade Gites, INTERNATIONAL TYPEWRITER EXCHA\. cE 177 N. State St. Dept.10-26 Chicage salable with us, Send list for our offer. BARNES AND NOBLE, Inc. 76 Fifth Avenue New York City Mention THe Journat when writing our advertisers. 2? Vol. 11, No.8 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucATION AssocIATION A-161 if | dairbanks | School Scale HE responsibility for the physical well-being of every child under their care rests largely with school authorities. Where do your schools stand in the work they are doing to build up the health standards of your community? OMEN SR ERI! RT RE EL SETAE IS Are you keeping a record of every child’s height, weight, and age? Are you making sure that each child whose record shows it to be underweight or undernourished is getting the extra at- tention it needs to build it up? It is an easy matter to keep such records. A Fairbanks School Scale will enable you to weigh and measure each child at frequent in- tervals. The time required is very little; the results are immeasurable. The Fairbanks School Scale is light and easily handled; can be moved from room to room without affecting its extreme accuracy. The conveniently placed beam can be read while This sub-base, on which the scale is easily moved either sitting or standing. The rich mahogany ow ad ter asheht extta finish will not show soil. Write for further charge. information about Fairbanks School, Baby Clinic, Health or Portable Health Scales. The Fairbanks School Scale 7 has a capacity of 300 lbs. by alt al } —) Ca ‘S \% Ibs. The special graduated telescoping measuring rod has agass ae a range of from 2 ft. 6 in. to 6 CHICAGO NEW YORK ft.6in. The scale is enameled a rich mahogany color. The 900 S. Wabash Ave. Broome and Lafayette Ave. we beam, sliding poise and meas- sh if uring rod are nickel plated. The beam is of heavy, rigid and forty other principal cities in the United States construction and of full capaci- City ty, requiring no extra loose weights. The platform meas- ures 10% by 14 in. No. 133 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION October, 1922 What Would Rip Van Winkle Say? The world, it has been said, has made more progress in the last century than in the eight centuries preceding. - Wonderful inventions have been made. Science has made remarkable strides in many directions. Rip Van Winkle, looking about in the world today, would never believe his eyes. But if old Rip, after dodging automobiles and peering at airplanes, should step into your school, what would he say? Would she find a new order of things—progress in the methods of teaching? Would he find music available to every room and class? Music in your school means progress. It recreates and inspires. Makes better, brighter schools. Where music is taught with the aid of a Monogram piano, children leave the classroom with new vigor that makes for greater efh- ciency in the study of other subjects. Music is sunshine to your school. A portable Monogram will flood your school with this sunshine. It will provide music everywhere—in every room. Easily moved by two children. Built low, so the teacher can see over the top. Has a big, beautiful tone. Built expressly for schools and used in schools throughout America. The Monogram is W. Otto Miessner’s latest, perfected piano. Supply ycur school with an abundance of,music. Get a Monogram for each floor. Get them now— during the early part of the new school year. Send for the interesting Monogram Catalog and full information. Clip and mail the coupon. Th m THE MIESSNER PIANO CO. C%) 228 3rd Street, Milwaukee, Wis. Gentlemen: Please send me the new Monogram catalog, your special price*to schools, and details of your 1o-day trial offer. Ns ck shies ti Go. 5/6 wena d 26 ae te J. N. E. A.-10-a2 Mention Tue JourNnat when writing our advertisers. ‘sw Soe reer Vol. 11, No.5 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpuCATION ASSOCIATION STUDENTS’ CHEMISTRY DESK A favorite in many laboratories. ‘he gas and water pipes with convenient outlets, are placed under the lower shelf an: directly over the trough. Accommodates sixteen studen.> ouehons esti =.ay * For Teaching Geography, Industrial History, and Economic Geography E WANT every Teacher to be familiar with the new series of Industrial Outline Maps prepared by W. R. McConnell, of Miami University, for use in Geography, in- dustrial history, economics, etc. This new series of outline desk maps has been prepared to : meet the actual needs of daily classroom work in elementary For the teaching of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Agricul we: schools, high schools, and normal schools. They aid and sup- ture, Electricity, and Domestic Science, and for use in i plement any textbook or library reference work. Manual raining and Kindergarten Work, there is no : Laboratory Furniture that equals Kewaunee in service and The outlines are distinctly and accurately drawn, bounding or locat- endurance. Ask for a copy of the Kewaunee Book. : : ) ing regions of production or setting off areas with different climatic Address all inquiries to the factory at Kewaunee. me conditions, different soils, surface features, etc. The work of the pupil KMeiuiiéiiee’r Cor » then, on the map, consists in coloring or filling in geographical facts A 'e my within the accurately bounded areas. LABORATORY FURNITURE EXPERTS “ CUT OUT AND MAIL % If you teach any of the above C. G. Campsett, Pres. and Gen. Mgr. subjects, send your name for 6 123 LINCOLN ST., KEWAUNEE, WIS. Free Sample Maps, with complete New York Office, 70 Fifth Avenue ‘a Catalog of interesting School Branch Office c Specialties and Supplies. ces: Chicago Minneapolis Kansas City San Francisco Houston Little Rock Spokane Oklahoma City : THE DOBSON-EVANS Co. Denver Columbus Omaha Baton Rouge . Albuquerque Pheenix Jackson, Miss. Greensboro, N. C. 312 N. Front St., Columbus, Ohio Toronto, Canada — Salt Lake City : Branch Office, . Indianapolis, Ind. THE DOBSON-EVANS Co. 312 N. Front Street, Columbus, Ohio. Gentlemen: Please send me the 6 Free Maps and your complete Catalog. ne Orr FREE em (Ore Eee rE Pe eR WORDS DESCRIBE Order Thanksgiving pictures now. Send 50 cents for 25 pictures, each 514 x 8, no two alike The Perry Pictures These pictures are famous the world over and by instruct- | eae pend ors everywhere are recognized as of great assistance in “Can’t You Talk?” Holmes classroom work, relieving monotony of study and making The Shepherdess Leroll: lasting impressions on the youthful mind. The smallest size, 3 x 3%, for notebooks, essays, etc., cost One Cent Each for 50 or more. 970 subjects. Postpaid. The next size, 5% x 8, more effective and much better for Picture Study, cost Two Cents Each for 25 or more. 2,250 subjects. Postpaid. The ; ' Ten Cent Size, 10x 12, for 5 or more, are excellent for inexpensive classroom decoration and for collections. BIRD PICTURES IN NATURAL COLORS. Plan now for Fall Bird Study Three Cents Each for 15 or more. Size, 7 x 9. Send 75 cents for Pictures of 25 Common Birds and a very brief description of each. PICTURES VISUALIZE ANY TWO OF THESE BEAUTIFUL THE FOUR FOR $4.00 POSTPAID ANY ONE FOR $1.25 PICTURES, ARTOTYPE, FOR $2.00 FOR HOME ARTOTYPES. Large Pictures for Framing FOR SCHOOL Each picture is on paper 22 x 28, including the white margin. Select four or five of these pictures and frame them for your schoolroom. Among the most popular subjects are: Sir Galahad, Spring, Saved, End of Day, The Mill, and Stratford Any of these pictures, Hand Colored, same size, at $1.50 each for two or more; $2.00 for one. CATALOGUES Of 64 Pages, 1,600 miniature illustrations, a ten cent picture, a four cent picture, a bird picture—all in the Catalogue—ior 15 cents in coin. RECOMMENDATIONS We have enjoyed your pictures in our school work for several years and still find use for new ones. I have used them a great deal in my school work and have never found their equal. I wish to tell you how much we are enjoying the pictures of the Pilgrims in our school. They are perfectly beautiful. For several years your sterling pictures have delighted me. cuit - sre The Perry Pictures ©. sox u.s. MALDEN,MASS. The Lake Corot Mention THe TourNAL when writing our advertisers. THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EpucaTION ASSOCIATION October, 1922 Every Subscriber Can Co-operate! Will You? The best in educational equipment and school supplies is advertised in your magazine, THE JOURNAL. Every reader of the magazine can confidently investigate all advertised articles. Feel free to make inquiries. The advertisers méasure the value of a magazine by the interest readers take in their advertising. They discover this through the number of inquiries made. bigger. ——_____—- Acid Phosphates Horsford’s Acid Phosphate Athletic Equipment Brine Co., James W. Bells Foote Foundry Co., J. B. Blackboards (Slate) Natural Slate Blackboard Co. Book Publishers Barnes & Noble Economic Press Ellis Publishing Co. Ginn & Co. Gregg Publishing -Co. Lexington Historical Soc. Little, Brown & Co. Macmillan Co. Palmer Co., A. N. Rand McNally & Co. University of Chicago Press Woman’s Press Charts Dobson-Evans Co. McConnell Map Co. Nystrom & Co., A. J. Rand McNally & Co. Costumes Schoultz & Co., Fritz Crayons and Art Material American Crayon Co. Prang Company Dentifrices and Toilet Articles Colgate & Company Domestic Science Equipment Kewaunee Mfg. Co. Peterson & Co., Leonard Singer Sewing Machine Co. Drafting Room Furniture Kewaunee Mfg. Co. Welch Mfg. Co., W. M. Employment Compton & Co., F. E. Encyclopedias Book of Knowledge Compton & Co., F. E. Folding and Rolling Partitions Wilson Corp., J. G. Gymnasium Equipment Medart Mfg. Co., Fred Laboratory Furniture Kewaunee Mfg. Co. Peterson & Co., Leonard Wiese Laboratory Furn. Co. Literary Helps Modern Literary Bureau Maps Dobson-Evans Co. McConnell Map Co. Nystrom & Co., A. J. Rand McNally & Co. Microscopes 3ausch & Lomb Optical Co. Spencer Lens Co. Motion Picture Screens Minusa Cine Screen Co. Paste Commercial Paste Co. Pencils Eberhard Faber Penmanship Palmer Co., A. N. Periodicals Pathfinder, The Pianos Miessner Piano Co. Pictures Perry Pictures Co. Playground Apparatus Medart Mfg. Co., Fred Printers Judd & Detweiler, Inc. Printing Equipment | Barnhart Brothers & Spind- | ler DIRECTORY OF ADVERTISERS Page American Book Co C-2 American Crayon Co.......... A-166 Barnes & Noble, Inc.......... A-160 jarnhart Bros. & Spindler A-154 Bausch & Lomb Optical Co..... A-151 Book of Knowledge........... A-158 Brame Co., James W........... A-151 Colgate & Co C-4 Columbia School Supply Co.... A- Commercial Paste Co.......... A- Compton & Co., F. E ..-A-147, A-148, A-149, A-150, A-166 Dobeoh-Evans Co...0....cec0e- A-163 Draper Shade Co., Luther O.. A-166 MGGMOUNEC FECOR. 00 0 6:06 ad sin0 00 A-159 Ellis Publishing Co............ A-159 Reermard PaRer .ccinccccncses A-166 Fairbanks, Morse & Co........ A-161 Federal Steel Fixture Co A-159 Fisk Teachers’ Agency........ A-160 Foote Foundry Co., J. B Ginn & Company Gregg Publishing Co -3 Hahn Teachers’ Agency....... A-160 Horsford’s Acid Phosphate..... A-166 International Typewriter : change Judd & Detweiler, Kewaunee Mfg. Co............ A-163 Lexington Historical Society... A-160 Page Little, Brown & Co............ A-151 McConnell Map Co............ A-152 Maemillan Co. -151 Medart Mfg. Co., Fred -153 miceoner Piane Co......:..... A-162 Modern Literary Bureau....... A-166 meenme & Bett Cisse dc cccncs ccs y; Natural Slate Blackboard Co... . New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics ! Nystrom & Co., A. J.......... i oY ee Se Pathfinder, The -160 Perry Pictures Co A-163 Peterson & Co., Leonard +3 oo ee A-166 Rand McNally & Co -159 Schoultz & Co., Fritz A-160 Singer Sewing Machine Co..... A-153 Specialists’ Educational Bureau. A-160 aes Lens Co C-3 eachers’ Casualty Underwriters A-165 Temple University A-166 University of Chicago Press... C-2 Welch Mfg. Co., W. M +2 Western Teachers’ Exchange... A-160 Wiese Laboratory Furniture Co. A-153 Le i SS a ae A-153 Womans Press 6 “155 -166 -166 -105 -160 You can help. Will you? We need it to make your magazine better and Projection Machines Bausch & Lomb Optical Co, Spencer Lens Co. Rebuilt Typewriters International Typewriter Exchange Scales Fairbanks, Morse & Co. School Supplies Columbia School Supply Co. Commercial Paste Co. Dobson-Evans Company Draper Shade Co., Luther O. Welch Mfg. Co., W. M. Schools, Colleges, and Universities New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics Temple University Scientific Apparatus Kewaunee Mfg. Co. Welch Mfg. Co., W. M. Shoes Morse & Burt Co. Steel and Wooden Doors Wilson Corp., J. G. Steel Lockers Federal Steel Co. Medart Mfg. Co., Fred Fixture Teachers’ Agencies Fisk Teachers’ Agency Hahn, J. M., Teachers’ Agency Specialists’ Educational Bureau Western Teachers’ Ex- change Teachers’ Insurance Teachers’ Casualty Un- derwriters Window Shades Draper Shade Co, Luther O. —EEE THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION - JOHNSTON-NYSTROM MAP MONTH — OCTOBER — “Mental Pictures’—the “mind’s eye’—en- dure long after spoken words are forgotten. Children attending schools with modern maps, globes, and charts have a DOUBLE advantage they learn the subjects more easily and permanently, and they LIKE to “pay attention.” Prices have been reduced to rock bottom and have stabilized. New maps have been published embody- ing the changes brought about by the war. Nothing is to be gained by delaying your order. Buy During October. Your school year is nicely started and organized by the time this month arrives. By buying during this month—early in the school year—you secure the benefits of more effective teaching during the entire school year. THE UNEQUIPPED THE EQUIPPED Ninety-six years of progressive map pub- lishing by W. & A. K. Johnston, Ltd., Political Maps Blackboard Out- Physiology and Foreign Text Maps the world’s leading geographical publish- 9 Series, from 41 line Maps Anatomy In French, ers, and, during the last two decades, by to 75 in. wide. 2 Series, from 44 3 Series, 26 to 42 German, the vigorous publishing efforts of our- Physical Maps to 72 in. wide. in. wide. Spanish, selves, their United States agents, have 6 Series. from <2 Desk Outline Maps Latin. made available the modern “Teaching ‘sai co | etl aa 1 Series, 2 sizes, Botany Charts Chart-size, Colored Tools’ summarized in this advertisement. chit ; q 8x10% and 10% 5 Series, 34 to 66 Pictures Commercial Geog- al in. wide. xX 15 in. raphy Maps Desk Maps 1 Series, 50 in. Political wide, and several : 19 Series for vivi- Zoology Charts fying geography, 3 Series, 34 to 45 history, and lan- Write TODAY for New Map, Globe, and Chart Catalog No. NE22, or for information on any of the series listed. individual maps. = in. wide. a classes. Aene §s A. J. N Y S 5 3 R O M & i O + State Maps Scriptural Globes 13 Atlases for 4 Series, from 28 Finch Political geography, com- GEOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHERS to §2 in. wide. Wall Outline Maps Physical merce, history, . History Maps (Paper) Slated Bible, classic lan- U. S. Agents for W. & A. K. Johnston, Ltd. 5 Series, 30 to 52 1 Series, 2 sizes, Tellurian guage, and as- 2249 CALUMET AVE., CHICAGO in. wide. 38 to 64 in. Astronomical tronomy classes. Let the T.C. U. Help Bear the Burden {| What a herculean task—what a discouraging one—confronts the teacher, upon recovery, who was taken ill without adequate financial protection. § How dif- ferent is the situation of the Teacher who is T. C. U. Protected. What a relief, when ill, to be free from Bill-Worries. What a help, when recovered, to start again without the dead weight of debt to carry. Read What the T. C. U. Will Do For You {| It will pay you $50.00 a month when you are totally disabled by Accident or Confining Sickness. It will pay you $25.00 a month for illness that does not confine you to the house, but keeps you from your work. It will pay you $11.67 a week when you are quarantined and your salary stopped. It pays from $333 to $1,500 for major accidents, or for accidental loss of life. All bene- fits doubled for travel accidents. Protects during the vacation period too. Send the Coupon Today The T. C. U. is the one means by which Fill out, Cut off, and Mail Coupon for Information losses of time can be distributed so that their weight will not crush _ individual teachers financially FREE INFORMATION COUPON 16 te TC. U., sax T. C. U, Bldg., Lincoln, Nebr. I am inter.sted in knowing about your Protective Benefits. Send me the whole story and Booklet of Testimonials. Write us and find out what a load can be removed from your shoulders by the small sum of less than a nickel a day. Name___ Address This coupon places the sender under no obligation Teachers Casualty Underwriters 545 T. C. U. Bldg. LINCOLN . - NEBRASKA The Draper Sanitary Roller Shade Patented Jan. 8, ’07 The Draper Line of Adjustable Cotton Duck Shade Meets School Requirements Manufactured by The Luther O. Draper Shade Co. Spiceland, Ind. COMPTON’S PICTURED ENCYCLOPEDIA NEW WORK for children so utterly different—so vitally new in style and spirit—that educators, teachers, and parents everywhere are saying, “At last, here’s what we've been waiting for!’ Copy- righted for the first time March 13, it has set a new record for immediate and nation- wide success. Produced by an old estab- lished, financially responsible Company noted for its splendid sales organization, and backed by a national advertising cam- paign, it offers a high-grade man or woman, with college or normal training, who can meet interested parents, an unusually pleas- ant and profitable field of work, with splendid opportunity for advancement. Practical sales training and assured income to start. Railroad fare paid. Write fully concerning age, education, and experience in first letter. Address Department C. R.. F. E. Compton & Co., Garland Building, Chicago, Illinois. ITERARY HEI P for professional people prepared to order: outlines, research, manuscript revision, material for addresses, publicity work, etc. Confi- dential, individual service guaranteed. Write for terms. An outline of any subject prepared to order for $1.50 MODERN LITERARY BUREAU 247 William East Orange, New Jersey Great Price Reductions ““PRANG CATALOG” Drawing Art and Handwork Supplies You Need [t—Send for It! And Save Money! THE PRANG COMPANY 1922 Calumet Avenue CHICAGO THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION Temple University Broad Street, Below Berks PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA Telephone, Diamond 0631 College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Teachers College School of Commerce Professional Schools : Theology, Law, Medicine, Pharmacy» Dentistry, Chiropody School of Music University High School Training School for Nurses SEND FOR BULLETIN tes of the ClassRoom have brought on nervous exhaustion, digestive disorders and that tired feel- ing, keep a bottle of Horsford’s Acid Phosphate on your desk. A teaspoonful in a glass of water is both refreshing and immediately beneficial. It assists in a pleasant and readily assimilated form to repair the waste which the nervous sys- tem has suffered. A splendid non-alcoholic tonic. Sold by Druggists. Rumford Chemical Works, Providence, R. !. G-48 5-18 “GLUEY” : A | i Teaches the im (rea) Value of Using Good Tools ! From Primary Tads to College “Grads” Gluey suits every pasting purpose. That smooth creaminess is put there to stay wntil the last ore is used. No mussy mixing with water. It Dries Fast, Sticks Tight. “Specify GLUEY.” Send to cents for Full Size Handy Tube THE COMMERCIAL PASTE COMPANY Columbus, Dept. 105, Ohio Mention THe Jouxnat when writing our advertisers. O ctober, 1922 Peerless Adjustable Movable Chair Desk At little more the cost of old style stationary desks. Detroit School Board recently purchased over 4,000 of these. Let us tell you more about them. COLUMBIA SCHOOL SUPPLY COMPANY Indianapolis, Ind. The Natural Slate Blackboard Co, Pen Argyl, Pa. LARGEST PRODUCERS OF NATURAL SLATE FOR BLACKBOARDS COMPLETE STOCK ON HAND AT ALL TIMES FOR PROMPT DELIVERY 293 “FINE WRITING” The Pencil of the Schools EBERHARD FABER “The Oldest Pencil Factory in America” NEW YORK THE NEW HAVEN NORMAL SCHOOL OF GYMNASTICS 1466 Chapel Street, New Haven, Conn, Vocational Guidance in High Schools directing students into physical education should look up this Institution. Superintendents and Prine: pals in need of playground, recreation, and phys ical directors write to its Appointment Bureau. ‘She AMERICAN CRAYON - COMPANY ~- ESTABLISHED 1835 SANDUSKY-OHIO NEW YORK v The worlds largest makers of Crayons Waier Color Painis & Allied Producis + Upon receipt of request we will send you book: | let descriptive of any material in which you may be inierested Pe a a ee ee