N2025 DECI6 1916 Ui’, OF MICH, LIGRARY N.E.A. BULLETIN Vol. IV, No. 5 April 1916 Whole Number 20 Entered as second-class matter March 22, 1913, at the post-office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Published pene. December, January, February, April and June, by the National Education Association of the United States. Office of publication, Ans Arbor, Michigan. NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, NEW YORK CITY, JULY 1-8, 1916 NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES OFFICERS FOR 1915-16 GENERAL ASSOCIATION David B. Johnson President Rock Hill, S. C. Durand W. Springer Secretary Ann Arbor, Mich. Grace M. Shepherd Treasurer Boise, Idaho VICE-PRESIDENTS David Starr Jordan, Chancellor, Leland Stanford Jr. University Stanford University, Cal. } Mrs. James M. Greenwood Kansas City, Mo. Mary C. C, Bradford, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Denver, Colo. John D. Loper, Superintendent of Schools Phoenix, Ariz. John E. Bray, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Carson City, Nev. _ Josephine Corliss Preston, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Olympia, Wash. Walter R. Siders, Superintendent of Schools Pocatello, Idaho _W. N. Sheats, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tallahassee, Fla. Mason S. Stone, State Superintendent of Education Montpelier, Vt. J. George Becht, Executive Secretary, State Board of Education Harrisburg, Pa. Frank L. Crone, Director, Bureau of Education, Department of Public Instruction Manila, P. I. BOARD OF TRUSTEES ‘Carroll G. Pearse, Chairman Milwaukee, Wis. Term expires i James Y. Joyner, Secretary Raleigh, N. C. Term expires i Agnes E. Doherty . Paul, Minn. Term expires i Robert J. Aley : Term expires i David B. Johnson ill, S. C. Ex officio EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE President Rock Hill, S. C. First Vice-President Stanford University, Cal Treasurer * Boise, Idaho Chairman Board of Trustees...Milwaukee, Wis. Member by Election Little Rock, Ark. + ep seeess onan ....+-Ann Arbor, Mich. 2 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN ‘ eo ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeewlCOo: BOARD OF DIRECTORS Directors ex officio David B. Johnson, Rock Hill, S. C. Grace M. Shepherd, Boise, Idaho David Starr Jordan, Stanford University, Cal. Carroll G. Pearse, Milwaukee, Wis. Durand W. Springer, Ann Arbor, Mich. LIFE DIRECTORS Bicknell, Thomas W., Providence, R. I. Jordan, David Starr, Stanford University, Cal, Board of Education, Nashville, Tenn. Joyner, James Y., Releigh, N. C. Brown, Elmer Ellsworth, New York, N. Y. Marshall, T. Marcellus, Stouts Mills, W. Va, Butler, Nicholas Murray, New York, N. Y. Maxwell, William H., New York, N. Y, Claxton, P. P., Washington, D. C. Parker, Charles I., Chicago, III. Cook, John W., De Kalb, III. Pearse, Carroll G., Milwaukee, Wis. Cooley, Edwin G., Chicago, III. Schaeffer, Nathan C., Harrisburg, Pa. Corson, Oscar T., Columbus, Ohio Skinner, Charles R., Watertown, N. Y, Eliot, Charles W., Cambridge, Mass. State Teachers Association of Illinois Fairchild, E. T., Durham, N. H. Swain, Joseph, Swarthmore, Pa. Gove, Aaron, Denver, Colo. Taylor, A. R., Decatur, Ill. Graham, H. A., Mt. Pleasant, Mich. Teachers Institute, Philadelphia, Pa. Green, James M., Trenton, N. J. White, Charles G., Menomonie, Wis. Harvey, Lorenzo D., Menomonie, Wis. Young, Ella Flagg, Chicago, III. Jewett, A. V., Abilene, Kans. DIRECTORS BY ELECTION Alabama W. H. Feagin, State Superintendent of Education Montgomery C. O. Case, State Superintendent of Public Instruction. . Phoenix Geo. B. Cook, State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Little Rock California Susan W. Dorsey, Assistant Superintendent of Schools.. Los Angeles Colorado Anna L. Force, Principal, Lincoln School Connecticut Fred A. Verplanck, Superintendent of Schools South Manchester Delaware A. Henry Berlin, Principal of High School Wilmington District of Columbia. E. L. Thurston, Superintendent of Schools Washington Florida George M. Lynch, State Supervisor of Rural Schools....Gainesville Georgia M. L. Brittain, State Superintendent of Education Atlanta W. R. Siders, Superintendent of Schools Pocatello Illinois R. O. Stoops, Superintendent of Scheols SS ree Milo H. Stuart, Principal, Manual Training High School. Indianapolis lL, H. Minkel, Superintendent of Schools John F. Eby, County Superintendent of Schools Kentucky .......... J. G. Crabbe, President, State Normal School Louisiana Thomas H. Harris, State Superintendent of Education... Baton Rouge Maine Robert J. Aley, President, University of Maine Maryiand Charles J. Koch, Superintendent of Schools Baltimore Massachusetts Robert J. Fuller, Superintendent of Schools North Attleboro Michigan Fred L. Keeler, State Superintendent of Public Instruc- Lansing Minnesota Agnes E. Doherty, Teacher, Central High School St. Paul Mississippi ......... E. E. Bass, Superintendent of Schools Greenville Missouri Howard A. Gass, State Superintendent of Public Schools. Jefferson City Montana ........... W. K. Dwyer, Superintendent of Schools ............++/ Anaconda Nebraska F, M. Hunter, Superintendent of Schools Lincoln Nevada B. D. Billinghurst, Superintendent of Schools New Hampshire Henry C. Morrison, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Concord New Jersey John W. Carr, Superintendent of Schools Bayonne New Mexico Alvan N. White, State Superintendent of Public Instruc- GON Pi dia catia Red ne caevdn den nes 6 00+ns eced sabi Santa Fe John H. Finley, State Commissioner of Education North Carolina F. M. Harper, Superintendent of Schools ..s..........+. Raleigh North Dakota Charles C. Root, Superintendent of Schools Bismarck seeeeseeesJacob A. Shawan, Superintendent of Schools ..Edwin S. Monroe, Superintendent of Schools Oregon ............J. A. Churchill, State Superintendent of Public Instruc- eee eeere eeeeeee THE N. B. A BULLETIN Reed B. Teitrick, Deputy State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Harrisburg Rhode Island Walter Ranger, State Commissioner of Publie Schools... Providence South Carolina ...-- J. E. Walmsley, Professor, Winthrop Normal and Indus- trial College M. M. Ramer, Editor, The Associate Teacher Bruce R. Payne, President, George Peabody College for Teachers Nashville R. J. Tighe, Superintendent of Schools................. El Paso D. C. Jensen, Superintendent of Schools Brigham City Guy Potter Benton, President, University of Vermont... Burlington Frances S. Williams, President, State Primary Teachers Association ¢ Lynchburg Elmer L. Cave, Superintendent of Schools Bellingham West Virginia ....-- M. P. Shawkey, State Superintendent of Schools Charleston Wisconsin ....+-+-+- Nellie Minehan, Vice-Principal, Seventh District School. Milwaukee Wyoming .-.--+-+++> C. A. Duniway, President, University of Wyoming Laramie Alaska ..-++-++eeee- L. D. Henderson, Superintendent of Schools Juneau Vaughan MacCaughey, Professor, College of Hawaii.... Honolulu Philippine Islands .. Frank I. Crone, Director of Education..............+.. Manila Ralph S. Garwood, Dean, College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, University of Porto Rico........... Mayaguez NOTES EE ALIS DE PE, ED IRWIN SHEPARD Irwin Shepard, for twenty years the faithful and efficient Secretary of the National Education Association, passed without warning to the other world at his home in Winona, Minn., on the morning of April 17. It is impossible in words to express the debt which the Association owes him for services rendered or to indicate properly the loss felt by those who knew him best. Sn ak a a er hehe We trust that this Bulletin will be loaned to some teacher friend who may be interested in the general plans for the summer meeting. We should be pleased to send a bundle to any person who will ask for the same. The June Bulletin will contain a practically complete program, and we should be glad to send copies of that, either singly or in bundles, to those who desire to receive them. With the New York meeting, three of our members who joined in 1876 will have completed forty years of continuous membership. They are: Samuel S. Laws, of Washington, D. C.; Alexander Forbes, of Mount Holly, N. J.; and Sarah BE. Richmpnd, of Towson, Md. Miss Richmond is still in active work as principal of the state normal school. ; Such a large number of persons who were at the Detroit meeting asked if they could immediately secure a copy of the paper given by Dean Marquis on “The Ford Idea in Education,” that, on the request of the N. E. A., the Ford Motor Company has issued the same in monograph form, and any person who desires a copy may secure it by addressing the Ford Motor Company, Detroit, Mich. Altho the Proceedings and Yearbook were delivered a little later this year than last, they have all been mailed out. If, therefore, any member of the Asso- ciation whose dues are paid has not received a copy we should be notified at once. The monograph on “The Essential Place of Religion in Education” has met with considerable favor. It contains the winning essay, four other essays which were given special mention, anl a synopsis of all the other essays that were pre- sented. The monograph contains 134 pages and sells at thirty cents a copy. Orders may be sent to the Secretary. The American Library Association will hold its Thirty-Eighth Annual Con- ference at Asbury Park, N. J., June 26 to July 1. The time and place was agreed upon in order that a large number of persons who are members of both the 4 THE N. E. A BULLETIN “ ye Athi OOS Se: ij. Library Association and the National Education Association might be abje to attend both meetings. The program of the Library Association wil] feature “Democracy in Education—Its Effect Upon Public, University, and Schoo} Lie braries, and the Influence Which Libraries May Exert in a Democracy.” Numerous section meetings and round tables will be conducted on such subjects as “Library Training,” “Library Work with Children,” “Duties of Library Trustees,” “College and Reference Work,” “Cataloging and Classification,” “Agricultural College |). braries,” “State and Law Libraries,” “Library Extension thru the Work of State Commissions, Business Libraries, etc.”” Those who desire to attend both Meetings ‘should secure a round-trip ticket to Asbury Park, which will permit of a return via New York. From some sections of the country, tickets may be purchased tp New York, which permit side trips to, and stop-over privileges at, Asbury Park, Persons desiring to attend both meetings should consult their local ticket agent some time in advance. The May Bulletin of the American Library Association wij contain further particulars as to the program and will be sent free on application to the American Library Association, 78 East Washington Street, Chicago, I], The report of the director of Congresses in connection with the Panama. Pacific International Exposition contains two items of information which Will he interesting to our members. The International Congress on Education held under our auspices had representatives from a larger number of nations than any Cop. gress that was held. National Education Association Day, August 21, was, in point of attendance, the largest of the special Congress days. Following the plan of last year, the Proceedings of the Department of Super. intendence will be issued as an advance reprint from the regular Proceedings, and anyone who desires may secure a copy of the same from the office of the Secretary for twenty-five cents. All of the proof has been read, and it is expected that the reprint will be ready for delivery not later than the 10th of May. This charge is made for the service rendered in furnishing the advance reprint. Men- bers of the Association, of course, are entitled to the Proceedings of the Detroit meeting when they appear in connection with the Proceedings of the New York meeting. Because of the fact that the 1316 meeting of the N. E. A. is held in New York City, Columbia University, and New York University postponed opening their summer schools until July 10, altho they will register on July 8. This will make it possible for those who would naturally have gone to New York for summer schools alone to attend the meetings of the Association, and many members of the Association can take advantage of that fact to spend their summer in special study at one or the other of these schools. Persons thinking of taking work in summer school will find it to their advantage to correspond with Columbia or New York University in advance of the meeting, for the purpose of making plans. Both institutions will be glad to furnish their summer school announcements on request. Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y., and Syracuse University have also agreed to postpone the opening of their summer schools until July 10. Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., will accept teachers who have been in attendance upon the meetings of the N. E. A. on July 10, altho their regular opening day will be July 5. The next meeting of the Department of Superintendence will be held in Kansas City, from February 26 to March 3, 1917. Hotels Baltimore and Muehlebach have been designated as headquarters. The general meetings will be held in the Com | -yention Hall, where the commercial exhibits and registration will be centered It is suggested that time will be saved if persons desiring to make advance reserva tions will communicate directly with Superintendent I. I. Cammack, who has BRSBS2R8e BES F FELER y SS °@S2 53 sil Ps s=28 )er- gs, the ‘ted ‘his om: roit ork ork leir ake ner 2 eS seFerk e?e2e838 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN 5 , furnished a list of all the hotel accommodations, so that he will be able to all available information first hand. Many persons by not following similar advice in connection with the Detroit meeting were obliged to write four and five times before finally securing the accommodations they desired. In writing Super- jntendent Cammack, please be sure to indicate the character of reservation you wish and the price you desire to pay. THE N. E. A. The National Education Association (N. E. A.) is an incorporated organization of teachers, others engaged in educational work, and educational institutions, its object and purpose being ‘to elevate the character and advance the interests of the profession of teaching, and to promote the cause of popular education in the Pnited States.” It was organized in 1857 under the name “National Teachers Association.” In this organization, there are three classes of members—active, associate, and corresponding—whose qualifications, terms of membership, rights, and obliga- tions are prescribed by the Act of Incorporation and the By-laws, and are; in brief, as follows: The annual dues for active and associate members is two dollars. Active members, however, pay an enrolment fee the first year of two dollars, making their initial payment four dollars. Institutions are listed as active members and may be represented atthe meetings by their executive officers. Active members enjoy certain advantages over associate members, some of which are: Active members.only are privileged to vote. Active members are listed in the Yearbook of the Association, with their educational position, titles and degrees, and year of enrolment. This Yearbook is published annually, its records are xept strictly ap to date, and it constitutes the permanent mailing list of the Association. The annual volume of Proceedings, the Yearbook, the N E. A. Bulletins, and the special reports, are sent free of charge to these members, who number between seven and eight thousand of the leading educators of the United States. Associate members usually retain membership for one year only. They are recruited annually from the vicinity of the meeting, and join the Association for the purpose of attending the meeting and obtaining the Proceedings thereof, to which they are entitled. There are between six and ten thousand such member- ships taken out each year, the largest number being over twenty thousand at Boston in 1903. Eminent educators not residing in America may be elected by the Board of Directors corresponding members. In addition to the income derived from these memberships, the N. E. A. enjoys an income from an invested fund, known as the “Permanent Fund,” now amounting to $188,000. This fund has accumulated thru a series of years and is carefully safeguarded under the Act of Incorporation as follows: “The Permanent Fund shall be in charge of the Board of Trustees, who shall provide for the safekeeping and investment of such fund. No part of the principal of such Permanent Fund shall be expended, except by a two-thirds vote of the active members of the Association present at any annual meeting, upon the recom- mendation of the Board of Trustees, after such recommendation has been approved by vote of the Board of Directors, and after printed notice of the proposed expenditure has been mailed to all active members. The income shall be used only to meet the cost of maintaining the organization and of publishing its annual volume of Proceedings, unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise order.” In organization, the N. E. A. is essentially democratic. Its officers are a President, twelve Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Board of Directors, THE N. EB. A BULLETIN an Executive Committee, and a Board of Trustees. Of these, the Presid Vice-Presidents, Treasurer, and Directors are chosen by the active members ballot at their annual meeting, a majority of the votes cast being necessary for a} choice. They hold office for one year. The President presides at all meetings of | the Association, is responsible for the program of the general sessions of the annual meeting, and performs the duties usually devolving upon the chief eXecy. j tive of such an organization. The Board of Directors consists of the President,,the Secretary, the Treasurer the chairman of the Board of Trustees, one member from each state, elected by the active members for a term of one year, and all life directors. This Board has charge of the general interests of the corporation, excepting those intrusteg to the Board of Trustees. The Executive Committee has five members—The President, the first Vig, President, the Treasurer, the chairman of the Board of Trustees, and one membe chosen annually by the Board of Directors. The Executive Committee has authority | to represent, and to act for, the Board of Directors in the intervals between the meetings of that body, to the extent of carrying out the legislation adopted by the Board of Directors under general directions given by that Board. One of the duties of the Executive Committee is the recommendation of special committees of investigation and research. Many such committees, cop. posed of experts in their various fields, have been financed by the N. E. A. Not less than 10 per cent of the income of the Association must be set aside each year for such educational investigations and studies. The amount spent on such com. mittee work now averages over four thousand dollars a year. These reports are far-reaching in their, influence and constitute a valuable and authoritative body of educational research along lines of public and professional interest. The Report of the Committee of Ten on Secondary Schools, the Report of the Committee of Fifteen on Elementary Schools, and the Report of the Committee of Twelve op Rural Schools, even tho made some years ago,‘are still ijn demand by those interested in educational matters. The Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education, which has been working along this line for three years, is about to present its final report, which, it is believed, will have a marked influence in determining the solution of the various problems centering around the high school, In some cases, the findings of these committees have been published by the United States Bureau of Education as special bulletins—for example, Bulletin No. 16, 1914, a report of 465 pages, in which is published the findings of the) N. E. A. Committee on Teachers Salaries and Cost of Living. The Report of the Committee on Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions in 1905, and the Reports of the Committee on Salaries and Cost of Living in 1913 and 1914, have benefited more teachers financially than any other 2fforts which,have been put forth in this country, their recommendations having been the basis of a marked increase in salary schedules. In general it may be said that these and other reports of the various committees appointed under this provision of the By-laws have proved helpful to workers in all fields of education, have been instrumental in bringing about desired legislation, and have proved a telling means of support to superil- tendents when pushing progressive measures in their particular localities. The Board of Trustees consists of four members, elected by the Board of Directors for the term of four years, and the President of the Association. This Board has charge of the Permanent Fund and of the general financial affairs ot the Association. It is also the duty of the Board of Trustees to choose the Secretary of the Association, its only salaried officer, who is selected for a terma] four years. THE N. EB A BULLETIN 7 et, The Act of Incorporation provides that the principal office of the corporation by} shall be in Washington, D. C., provided that the meetings of the corporation, its | ora , committees, and departments, may be held and that its business may be 8 of " transacted, and an office may be maintained elsewhere as may be determined by | the | the Board of Directors. Such an office, in charge of Secretary Durand W. Springer, | cl | js maintained at Ann Arbor, Mich. The business of the Association is carried on from this office and all its publications are issued therefrom. rer, The N. EH. A. has nineteen departments covering every phase of educational | the | activity. These departments have their own officers and meet at the time of the has annual meeting of the general body to discuss questions pertaining to their | to} respective fields. The president of each department is responsible for its program. The Association has two meetings each year. The annual meeting takes place in July at a time and place chosen by the Executive Committee after a recom- mendation by the Board of Directors made at their annual business meeting. HH General sessions are held daily and the meeting usually lasts one week. The 1 midwinter meeting of the Association is held in February under the auspices of hit the Department of Superintendence, the largest department of the organization. it The addresses given at these meetings and at the meetings of the various depart- ill ments constitute the annual volume of Proceedings of the Association. The price bi of this volume is two dollars. These meetings and those of the many affiliated a organizations meeting at the same time are great “get-together” times of inspira- i tion and support to thousands of men and women in educational work. The Association has recently been able to conduct essay contests which have provoked much interest. Last year, a thousand-dollar prize was awarded to the writer of the best essay on “The Place of Religion in Education.” This year two prizes are to be awarded for essays on “Thrift,” one prize to go to the writer of the best essay from public-school contestants and the other to the writer of the Ll best essay from adult contestants. Next year, there will be inaugurated a contest among classes"in normal schools and departments of education in colleges and miversities, wherein prizes will be awarded for the best composite study on: “The Supreme Object of Education Should Be to Make the Next Generation Better than the Living Generation.” Two years ago the N. E. A. Bulletin was established as a means of communicat- ing more often with the membership concerning matters of interest to the Associa- 4 tion. It has been found to be of considerable value and seven numbers are issued each year. : Every teacher who is interested in the advancement of the profession must i” necessarily be interested in the welfare of the associations or organizations having 1 as their purpose the building up of the profession. Every teacher should carry amembership in the local teachers’ organization, the state teachers’ organization, the national teachers’ organization, and the organization representing the particu- lar phase of educational work in which he or she may be interested. Each has a distinct purpose; each can accomplish for the profession some things which the others cannot; and each will bring to the individual member benefits different from those derived from the others. , 1a RSF FR Pa SB@ser2sas5SGS388er 2888 FSR RB FB e - PRESIDENT JOHNSON’S GREETINGS AT DETROIT. I congratulate the officers of this Department of Superintendence of the N.E. A. and I congratulate you upon this great meeting in this great and pro- gressive city. _ As we are having a record-breaking meeting here, so also we hope to have a _Ttecord-breaking meeting of the general Association at New York City next July. aSaea 8 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN —eE=EESE>~yEyE=EEnDDAA~]!’__’_’'___)=S=] In order that we may have that, however, we must have your loyal Support ang your presence there. May we not confidently count on both? I hope that none will allow his allegiance to the parent Association to be weakened in any respect because of his. commendable allegiance to this great department of the parent Association but rather to be made stronger. The parent Association needs your presence and your help. I believe the great body of teachers of the rank and file will be benefited by your attendance upon the meg. ings of the general Association and I believe you yourselves will be benefited thereby. Let us have then a great get-together meeting next summer of the teachers of all classes, in the greatest country of the world, in the greatest city educationally, of the world, and let us determine to put the National Educatioy Association of the United States where it belongs—the ‘first among the educational associations of the world in numbers, in influence, and in helpful work: undertakep and accomplished. It does seem that out of 600,000 teachers in this country we ought to have more than 7,200 active members of the N. E. A. Would it not bea * great service to the schools, the teachers themselves, and to our country for ys to work to increase the active membership of the N. E. A. at this time? It is an organization which stands for development of leadership in that army which is doing the most effective work of all forces of any kind in preparing for the defence of our country against its most deadly foes—ignorance, inefficiency, disloyalty, and low moral standards. The meeting in New York next summer will be the first meeting of the Asgo- ciation in its fifty-four years of life ever held there, and we hope to make it memorable in many respects. I am glad to tell you that all the educational, com- mercial, and civic forces of New York City and the educational forces of the state of New York are working together heartily and enthusiastically to help us make the meeting a great one. Columbia University and New York University have both postponed the opening of their great summer schools until after the meeting of the Association to avoid conflict with it. I suspect that many of you have see the list of over 200 names of the leading citizens of New York City printed in the January Bulletin, appointed to make all local arrangements for the meeting I have never known a stronger committee to be appointed anywhere for such purpose. A number of entertainments and interesting trips will be arranged for the visiting teachers, of which one will be a trip up the Hudson, probably to West Point. I cannot speak officially as to Coney Island or Chinatown, but, without these sights, the many other sights and experiences of New York City will prove a liberal education to anyone who has never been there and renewed inspiration to everyone who has. We can promise you a great program (the President of the United States is to be with us and many other notables) and a great meeting in every way, a gooi time and a profitable time, and I hope we shall have you all with us, with as many more as you can bring with you. zi DEPARTMENT OF SUPERINTENDENCE. The Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the Department of Superintendence was held at Detroit, Mich., Feb. 21-6, and was the largest in the history of that organ- ization, with an enrolment exceeding thirteen hundred that of any previous meet ing. While Detroit gave the largest membership that any entertaining city has ever given, and Michigan had the largest membership from any entertaining state, it is also true that there was a larger membership from every passenger trafic association in the United States, except one, than ever before. The enrolment members of the Association was 3,795, of which 217 were new active membe Ba8 aa F 3 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN 9 1,415 were former active members, and 2,163 were associate members. Add to this 1} number the wives of the members present and the persons who were members ~ of other organizations meeting at the same time, and it is certain that there were } jn the neighborhood of 4,400 persons present because of the meeting. All the j yarious passenger associations, except the Trans-Continental, granted open round- trip rates which had an appreciable effect upon the attendance. The states en- rolling over one hundred members were: Michigan, Ohio, New York, Pennsyl- yania, Illinois, New Jersey, Indiana, and Massachusetts. ‘The local arrangements seemed satisfactory except for the inconvenience caused by the holding of the commercial exhibit in two places. This was made necessary Owing to the fact that Detroit is not provided with a suitable place for exhibits. The hospitality which was extended by the various local organizations _ was appreciated. The automobile badge was a hit, and, from the reports, every member who was present took a trip to the various automobile plants for the pur- pose of seeing at first hand how they were operated. The department voted to hold its next meeting at Kansas City, Mo., and selected the following officers: President-—John D. Shoop, Superintendent of Schools, Chicago. III. First Vice-President—Fred L. Keeler, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Lansing, Mich. Second Vice-President—John Dietrich, Superintendent of Schools, Helena, Mont. Secretary--Margaret T. Maguire, Supervising Principai of Wadhington School, Philadelphia, Pa. The Committee on Resolutions, consisting of Calvim N. Kendall, of New Jersey; Edward F. Buchner, of Maryland; J. A. C. Chandler, of Virginia; Franklin B. Dyer, of Massachusetts;,and William S. Sutton, of Texas, submitted the fol- lowing report: 1. We affirm that every child in the United States of America has definite educational needs, for which adequate provision should be made by proper legislative enactment and by ample re- sources for support. In so far as the public, the superintendents, and the teachers are now meet- ing these needs, the American school system will be able to fulfill the larger educational obligations of an expanding modern democracy. We believe that American public education now offers substantial hope for the realization of the fundamental principles of liberty and humanity which will alone support a righteous nationalism and internationalism, by which peace, justice, and progress will be guaranteed. r We believe that a new international note should be sounded in our educational program, calling upon us to cultivate mutual understandings and interdependence among the peoples of the world, and to this end we recommend that our national government adopt the policy of appointing educational attaches to our embassies and legations in foreign countries. 2. The complete unification and Americanization of all our people is a necessity. In view of the temporary cessation of immigration, the present is a particularly opportune time for the extension of educational agencies that will effectively prepare immigrant children and adults for the rights and duties of American citizenship. We recommend that the president of the depart- ' ment be authorized to appoint a special committee to co-operate with the United States Bureau of Education and all other agencies in realizing this goal. 3. We rejoice over the progress in state, and especially in national legislation, which prom- ises to guarantee the protection of children from the ill effects incident to undesirable kinds of labor at the time when future public welfare demands that they should be in school. 4. We reaffirm our approval of federal aid to vocational education as proposed in the Smith- Hughes bill now before Congress. We believe that the end to be served is so important and so diversified as to require a federal board, the members of which shall be educational representatives of the interests concerned and shall give their undivided attention to the administration of the act. 5. We recommend most heartily the activities of the United States Bureau of Education _.and its helpful co-operation in the development of education in all parts of the country. We tecommendd to the Congress of the United States a generous increase in appropriations for the Bureau, in order that it may be able to respond to the multiplied demands thruout the nation for its services, 6. We reaffirm our belief that a small board of education is the most efficient instrument for the administration of the affairs of public. schools. 7. We reaffirm our belief in the value of the bureau of research in connection with the Superintendent’s office. We also commend the properly conducted, sympathetic, and constructive at Of schoo! survey as an aid in the solution of school problems. We look forward, however, to the 10 THE N. EB A BULLETIN 1 time when every school system will be so equipped in its own regular official and teaching stag as to conduct a continuous survey from within. 8. We affirm that the overcrowding of the elementary schools is a most serious defect, re. quiring, as it does, the individual teacher to be responsible for the instruction and the discipline of too many pupils. We believe that it is the part of educational economy to provide as speedily as possible for the abolition of this practice. 9. In view of the progress that has been made in raising the standards of preparation teaching, it is recommended that school boards and superintendents thruout the country adopt, a soon as possible, for their guidance in the selection of elementary and secondary teachers and supervisors, the highest standards now in force in our more progressive states. 10. In order to secure more efficient teaching we reaffirm our belief in the necessity of helpful, sympathetic, and constructive supervision of schools, both city and country, 11. We reaffirm our belief in the importance of encouraging ail agencies designed to pro mote the physical well-being of children. We note with satisfaction the increase in the cO-opera. tion between health and school authorities. We strongly favor physical training that will develop mind and character as well, as body, but we are emphatically opposed to the introduction of compulsory military training into the high schools of the country before mature consideration of the educational questions involved therein, We suggest the appointment by the incoming president of the department of a committe of nine to study and to report upon the proper place for and purpose of military education of American youth, and in case it is appointed we recommend that the Executive Committee requeg the Board of Directors of the National Education Association to provide for the necessary expenses of this committee. the 12. The country child is entitled to as good a school as the city child, He should have a of V professionally trained teacher, who is paid an adequate salary. The rural schools should have good | wou supervision. We believe the county superintendent of schools, as well as the city superintendent, tion should be chosen solely on account of academic and professional qualifications, executive ability, and good character. We are convinced that his selection should be determined by some method of t other than that of popular election, which is usually influenced by considerations other than edgy | WO! cational. We further recommend the consolidation of rural schools wherever practicable, 13. We express our appreciation of the action of the various railroad associations which gave to the members of the department the benefit of the open rate. 14. We express our appreciation of the hospitality extended to the department by Superin. tendent Chadsey, his colleagues, the citizens, and the various organizations of Detroit. 15. We extend the thanks of the department to President Shawkey for the excellent pro. gram prepared for this meeting. 16. We express our appreciation for the many courtesies extended by the hotel managements, 17. We thank the representatives of the press for the excellent reports of the meetings of the department. The special Committee of Five, appointed a year ago to outline a plan for an | “ extension of the organization of the department, and consisting of Charles B Chadsey, of Michigan, James M. Green, of New Jersey, Nathan C. Schaeffer, of Pennsylvania, Ben Blewett, of Missouri, and William H. Maxwell, of New York, made the following report, which was adopted: The committee understands that it was the purpose of the resolution under which it was a> pointed that it should consider the clarifying of the work of the department and make such sugges tion for an extension of that work thru the year as would gather together and organize professional information of significant value in the work of administrative and supervising officers and would codify the tenets of this department touching the rights and duties of such administrative and supervisory officers in their several relations with their community, institution, and board of trus tees, to the end that this selected information and professionally approved doctrine might aid more effectively these officers in meeting and solving their local problems. The committee recommends for your consideration the following: The Department of: Superintendence is one of the several departments of the National Edw cation Association. As a department it is concerned with defining the nature of its activities ina way that will avoid the coniusing of its work with that of the other departments of the general Association. The main constructive lines of the activities of this department are the consideration of: ee = i) a BER BREEER 1. Courses of study that will meet the needs of communities. wh 2. Enumeration, classification, and promotion of pupils. say 3. The certification of the qualifications of teachers and the methods of securing their ap lar pointment. ie box 4. Proper school supplies and the mode of securing such supplies, including textbooks and | Yo apparatus. 3 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN II vee Plans for school building. 6. The formation of school districts with regard to population, opportunities, and interre- ii a, The methods of raising and apportioning school moneys. ) 8, The relations of superintendents to boards of education. The Committee recommends that there be appointed at each meeting of the department a | | \ | for committee on one, oF committees on more than one, of the above, or co-ordinate formative lines, | pt, as | the members of these committees to represent typical parts of the country and to have as their | 5 and “chief object the bringing before the department reports on comparative conditions, industrial, cul- etc., and information on what is being accomplished in some of the most progressive schools, | | i ity of - and that at least one session of a department meeting be devoted to hearing and discussing such The committee further recommends that the Executive Committee of the National Education Association of the United States be requested to ask the Board of Directors to make an appropria- i tion of $500.00 to meet the expenses during the current year of such committees as may be ap- — | body, | pointed under these resolutions. ) Pro 3 = SCIENCE TEACHERS COUNCIL. The Department of Science Instruction has been considering for two years the advisability of establishing the Science Teachers Council, the chief function lf of which is to make possible more continuity in the plans of that department, as it good | would constitute an advisory body to which the officers could turn for sugges- dent, | tions. The purpose is to secure a membership representing the different sections ily, of the country, so that it might be of assistance in increasing the interest in the — work of the department. The Council as named consists of: which Charles S. Palmer, 23 Park Place, Newtonville, Mass. Charles N. Cobb, Department of Education, Albany, N. Y. N. A. Harvey, State Normal College, Ypsilanti, Mich. | Wilbur A. Fiske, Chaffey Library Foundation, Ontario, Cal. i H. A. Senter, High School, Omaha, Nebr. Irving O. Palmer, Newtonville High School, Newtonville, Mass. Otis W. Caldwell, University of Chicago, Chicago, II]. - B.M. Davis, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. George A. Cowen, West Roxbury High School, Boston, Mass. 19 David Starr Jordan, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. H. L. Terry, State High School Inspector, Madison, Wis. 1 erin- Pro. ents, zs of an | EB. , of ork, George R. Twiss, University of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio. i B. W. Kelly, Richmond High School, Richmond, Ind. James A. Peabody, Morris High School, New York, N. Y. | 4 William A. Hedricks, McKinley Manual Training School, Washington, D. C. “ J.C. Packard, Brookline High School, Brookline, Mass. : t trop J. A. Randall, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y., President. tf more : ends NEW YORK CITY The Metropolis.—Everybody wants to know New York. From the time when mother used to let us have the picture paper to keep us quiet, up to yesterday when neighbor Brown, just back, told us of the new automobile fire engine he 1 saw on Fourteenth Street, we have wanted to see these things ourselves. Popu- lar songs have dinned Broadway and the Bowery into our ears. Newspaper, || book, and magazine have made the names of Gotham all familiar. We teach New } York to our children every year. The country expects it. Every nation thinks 12 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN : . . . *. —_—_ the same way regarding its chief city. You feel you would like your information first hand. Inherently we are all geographical explorers. Every active-mindeg American expects at the first convenient opportunity to see New York again or for the first time. The National Education Association presents the op now, coupled with unusual attractions of good company, cordial welcome, and especial attention to the teacher guests. What ought you to see as a part of your liberal education? What to eXpand your mind and to enliven your later teaching? The review of this list of features is interesting to every school man and woman whether of Pennsylvania or of the Philippines, for New York is America in all its aspects: social, industrial, literary, artistic, and religious. The Harbor.—This settled the site; it made the city. No port in the world surpasses it. Daily excursion steamers carry sight-seers out thru its wide Portals to the open sea. Others encircle Manhattan Island each morning and afternoon, affording a near-by view of a varied and enormous commerce. Here you will gee superb Atlantic liners, little hay-boats from Quebec, canallers from Buffalo, Bag Indiamen, Hudson ice-barges with their quaint windmills, busy ferries, lighters, floating elevators, and gondolas loaded with trains of cars. Bartholdi’s Liberty, the immigrants’ landing place on Ellis Island, the forts, the piers, the islands, the five great bridges, the subterranean tunnels, Grant’s tomb, the huge Bush Terminal, the palisades and a hundred famous and interesting things present themselves to your sight in and around the cause and centre of New York’s prog. perity, her harbor. No great city is so happily placed with reference to the se, ‘and navigable rivers. Yokohoma and Rio have beautiful, hillgirt basins; New Orleans, Shanghai, and Alexandria have their broad rivers; Constantinople pos. sesses her long calm-water shore; but New York combines these advantages of river, bay, protected wharves, and extended coastline with a beauty of landscape all her own and the admiration of the world. Seen from her highest roofs the blue Atlantic forms her horizon. Stretching to the north, the lordly Hudson, and to the East, Long Island Sound, bring native fleets to mingle with the commerce of foreign nations. East River is an American Bosphorus. The Hudson with its extension, the Erie, Oswego, and Champlain canals, forms a waterway richer in commerce than the Mississippi or the Hoang Ho. The meeting, here, of internal and external trade, gave New York her start in the commercial world and has made her, counting the adjacent suburbs wholly dependent upon her, the largest city in the world. Water Trips.—Three luxurious and very commodious steamers leave the city every week day morning for the picturesque voyage up the Hudson, returning be- fore the close of the afternoon. Each day, two steamers sail to the ocean fishing grounds for the regalement of the amateur angler who wishes to draw for himself edible inhabitants from the vasty deep. There is an hourly service down the har- bor, thru the narrows to the famous beaches. Five steamers every day skirt Staten Island to the picturesque Atlantic Highlands and enter beautiful Shrews bury River reaching Monmouth and Long Branch. Glen Island boats traverse the busy East River and lovely Long Island Sound. Two sight-seeing yachts with lecturers on board coast twice each day the entire water front of Manhattan. At Association headquarters you will find lists of all the remarkable little journeys by water offered to New Yorkers and their visiting friends. Getting About.—The city has many entrances, but wherever your boat o& train sets you down, you will find lines of electric cars communicating to all important districts. It is well to remember that in Manhattan the Avenues Ml THE N. E. A BULLETIN 13 ——— north and south, and that, except for the lower part of the island, the streets the pumbered and run East and West. Broadway from the southernmost tip of the jsland runs the whole length of it and is the principal thorofare. Fifth Avenue fecides the numbering of houses on the cross streets. Thus: 10 East 41st Street js Hast, and 10 West 41st Street is West, of Fifth Avenue. Four elevated railways start at the Battery, all running northward. Elevated lines permeating Brooklyn start from New York City Hall. Two subway lines enter Manhattan from the north, uniting at 96th Street, traversing the whole island, and extending to Brook- lyn. Another Brooklyn subway begins at City Hall Park, Manhattan. Two sub- ways run to New Jersey. A bus line with outside seats goes from Washington Square up Fifth Avenue with extensions along Riverside Drive and thru residential districts. Electric surface lines ramify thru all five boroughs. The compact dis- trict south of the N. E. A. headquarters and comprising most of the historic features of the city is within the easy walking powers of the ordinary visitors. Sight-seeing busses cover regular circuits. The 309 square miles of city embracing its boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond, extending 39 miles from tip to tip, are served by transportation lines upon such simple sys- tems that no one need ever be lost in New York. SFZ@2 B2BFRSR88ill The Public Buildings.—Seeing New York means, among other things, getting a view of its seats of municipal service. No one would return home without a knowledge of these famous buildings. City Hall, long since outgrown by the size and number of its municipal departments, lies in what was once the Common, a pasture of the old Dutch farmers. Built in 1804, from plans in imitation of Inigo Jones’s designs of Whitehall Palace, it stands-today unsurpassed for beauty of proportion and purity of design by any public building in America. The Municipal Building, headquarters of most of the city offices, is one of the wonders of the modern architectural world. Everybody wants to see the public library, the public baths, the Metropolitan Museum, the National Navy Yard, the Post Office, the custom house, the armories, the museum of Natural History, the Hispanic Mu- seum, the Children’s Museum in Brooklyn, the Aquarium, Police Headquarters, the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, old Trinity Church, the two cathe- drals, and Greenwood Cemetery. ‘Grand Central Station and the Pennsylvania Ter- minal must not be missed. Their position and beauty class them among the muni- cipal monuments of the world. Van Cortland Mansion, Fraunces’ Tavern, and the Jumel House attract the student of history. Educational Edifices—New York has 661 public school buildings housing _ 700,000 children and 20,000 teachers. It costs fully fifty millions of dollars a year to maintain the plant. Centrally located is the $1,500,000 Washington Irving School, enrolling over five thousand students and containing a Municipal Art Gallery, theatre, menagerie, roof-garden, pipe organ, salesroom, restaurant, green- house, complete housekeeping apartments, bank, bindery, printery, laundry, and modern classrooms. Nearby is the Stuyvesant Technical School for boys and the Manhattan Trade School for girls. Hunter College, the College of the City of New York, the School for the Deaf, the Parental School, twenty-five high schools, and 610 elementary schools offer a variety of style and equipment interesting to the professional visitor. Columbia University, Barnard and Teachers’ College, carry a yearly roll of 17,804 students. New York University, St. Francis Xavier, Fordham University, Cooper Union, Brooklyn College, Mt. St. Vincent College, Art Students’ League, Manhattan College, the Ethical Culture School, Horace Mann School, Pratt Institute, the Hebrew Technical Schools, the Polytechnic, } Adelphi College, and scores of modern and beautiful parochial and private schools | entitle the metropolis to its claim of being a national educational center. BSSbSestsesSEEE Bae S 2 2 SeBZaSE 85S BF Berek Fs it or 14 THE N. E A BULLETIN EE The Sky Serapers.—Few sights of the city excite more wonder and admira. tion than the towering business structures that have been evolved because of the insular confinement of the city’s trade to narrow areas compelling the most ego. nomical use of every foot of available land. Within a surprisingly short distance of one another the visitor may see the Singer Building, the Equitable, the Hudson Terminals, the World, the Tribune, the Woolworth, the Flatiron, the Metropolitan Tower, Wanamakers, Altman’s, Stern’s, Macy’s, the Times, and scores of others well-known by name to most Americans. Who has not heard of Delmonico’s ang .Sherry’s, the Waldorf, the Astor, the Biltmore, the Ritz-Carlton, the McAIpin, the Metropolitan Opera House and the Hippodrome? Sight-seeing automobiles, each with lecturers aboard, make hourly trips thru the best known businegs ang residential quarters, while the out-door busses carry the traveller thru the mogt famous streets of the town. The Parks.—In the heart of Manhattan, you find America’s most famoys breathing spot, Central Park, beautified with lakes and waterways, adorned with famous statues, enlivened with curious living animals, and possessing every variety of domestic and foreign tree that will grow in the temperate zone. Bronx, Van Cortlandt, Pelham Bay, Riverside, and Prospect parks lie within, at most, ten cents’ cost of transportation by electric trains from the business centre, Each park has its peculiar charm of meadow, rocky heights, winding river, or broad expanse of bay and island. On the Jersey Shore, accessible by frequent ferry, lies the new Interstate Palisade Park, while farther up the Hudson, reached by a de- lightful sail, the great Bear Mountain Park, the National Reservation at West Point, Washington’s Headquarters at Newburgh, and Vassar College at Pough- keepsie, attract those who have a full day to spare for the outing. Chureches.—You will wish to see St. Paul’s chapel on lower Broadway where lie remains of heroes of the Revolution. Trinity church is near by, one of the handsomest specimens of Gothic architecture in this hemisphere. Hamilton is buried in the yard. Here is the Martyr’s Monument in memory of the soldiers who died in British prisons. Lawrence of the Chesapeake lies near it with his last words, “Don’t give up the'ship,” emblazoned on the stone. Up Broadway at the turn of the road, the spire of Grace Church stands, a beautiful upward-pointing finger in the summer haze. Old St. George’s is a short walk away. St, Mark's, five minutes distant, covers the site of Peter Stuyvesant’s Chapel. The chureh was called “St. Marks in the Fields,” so far was it to the north of occupied land Now there are fifteen miles of almost solid blocks of buildings extending north- ward from it, while to the south no vacant spot appears. You will want to visit the “Little Church around the Corner,” and the famous “Fifth Avenue Presby- terian.” “Dr. Parkhurst’s church” stands upon Madison Square; St. Patrick's Cathedral on Fifth Avenue; the Brick Church, on Murray Hill; “All Souls” is on Fourth Avenue; the Friends’ Meeting House, on Stuyvesant Square; Temple Emanu El, on 43rd Street and Fifth Avenue., The Cathedral of St. John the Divine, now building, tops the heights near Columbia University. You should see Bible House on Third Avenue, erected in 1852; the United Charities Building on Fourth Avenue, and the great religious book concerns on lower Fifth Avenue. The Young Men’s and Young Women’s Christian Association buildings in various portions of the city, in all boroughs, never fail to repay a visit by their demon stration of what a modern educational, social, recreational, and religious head- quarters is in the early twentieth century. Numerous church houses of all denom- inations, the University, the College, and the Nurses, and twenty other settle- ments, the Educational Alliance, the Neighborhood Play House, and similar inst” tutions are strikingly interesting in their equipment for social service. oe FrnemaerpeepeeiTret TR P eo Aaers Rae ra re he is ho st he ng 's, ch = TP 7 eT Sees Seesevtr THE N. EB. A BULLETIN 15 The Clubs.—Born in great numbers of the. congestion of modern cities, clubs Po mt in New York so important a factor in life that your stay in the metrop- - olis will impress you with their number and importance. The famous Union League stands on Fifth Avenue and 39th Street. It is the center of Republicanism and the parent of other Union Leagues in various cities. The Manhattan Club, of Democratic statesmen, stands on Fourth and 26th Street. In your goings to and fro, you will see the staid old Century, the imposing University Club, the Lotus, the Players, the National Arts, the quaint little Salmagundi, the Arion, the Liederkranz, the Harmonic, the Yale, the Harvard, a dozen Greek letter clubs, ‘each composed of those who were members of the corresponding fraternity when in college. The Woman’s University Club is on 52nd Street off Fifth Avenue. It would take too long to list the headquarters of various sorts devoted to women’s interests, When you are here, take a telephone book, turn to “Women” and the addresses of all those organizations will be at your disposal. The Beaches.—Swift express trains or a water ride carry the sight-seer to the pleasure grounds of the New Yorker. First in fame comes Coney Island, a world’s ‘fair by the sea. Beyond it is Rockaway, more quiet, and Long Beach, more select. South Beach is reached by Staten Island Ferry; Bowery Bay by trolley or East River boat; while upon the summit of the Palisades an artificial surf is agitated ina salt-water pool. The Jersey Central Steamers serve a long line of beautiful and refreshing bathing resorts along the Atlantic shore. For the Lover of Quaint History.—This can give you the merest taste of the memories that link New York to the past life of the nation. Wherever you walk, statues, Monuments, and tablets will recall some event of service or glory in the country’s growth. In St. Paul’s you will see where Washington sat each Sunday. On Wall Street you may stand where the feet of the fathers pressed the earth as the first President of the Republic took the oath. Near by, in the old John ‘Street Church, Whitefield “preached like a lion.” In Bowling Green the sons of ‘liberty pulled down a leaden king and moulded him into patriotic bullets. Here Peter Stuyvesant surrendered. In John Street was the Battle of Golden Hill that shed the first American blood in the war of the Revolution. In Battle Pass, Pros- pect Park, Brooklyn, the hardest fighting of the Battle of Long Island was done. With any of the little guide books obtainable in New York book stores, you can, ‘upon the very spot, bring back the life of the old colony days. It makes almost every street, up or across this famous old city, paths of patriotism and glory. Shopping.—One may learn a great deal by visits to the retail stores of Man- hattan and Brooklyn. Abraham and Straus of the latter borough, and Loeser’s near it, both reached directly by electric trains of the subway, do a national busi- } ness. On Manhattan there is Wanamakers with its theatre, restaurant, “house beautiful,” and art gallery. Vantine’s and Yamanaka’s are famous for oriental displays. Tiffany’s is the great mart of jewels and bric-a-brac. Altman’s, Lord } and Taylor’s, Arnold and Constable’s, Bonwit and Teller’s, Macy’s, Gimbels’s Saks’s and Stern’s are show-places of unfailing interest. The Fifth Avenue art dealers, Durant-Ruel, Duveen, Knoedler, Macbeth, Goupil, Keppel, Montross, and Wunder- lich, maintain galleries of pictures free to the public. Brentano’s, Scribners’, Putnam’s and other great book stores are well worth a visit. Best’s Children’s store, Schwartz’s Toy Bazaar, the curio shops on Fourth Avenue amd near-by streets, are too unique to miss. Fulton Market, a city sight in grandfather’s day, é is still a source from which you can draw material for good fish stories for the | delight of friends at home. 16 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN ‘Seeing Life.—As almost every-city gives us distinctive impressions flayopiny | our memories of it, New York, a cosmopolis, gives the visitor many, if he takes | the trouble to walk thru its characteristic quarters. Grand and Rivington Stree, show you the densest congregation of humanity; Mott Street is the center gy} Chinatown. The Bowery, famous old parkway of early magnates, supports q busy : line of merchandising full of interest. Wall Street is lined with lofty offices bear. | ing names well known the wide world over. Maiden Lane is the jewelers’ avenue Bowling Green harbors the steamship offices. West Street and South Street fag | the largest piers. Lower Broadway is the wholesale centre; lower Fourth Aye the silk district. Broadway and adjoining streets from 30th to 59th Streets holi most of the theatres and is “the Great White Way” when the lights are lit. Brogg. way from 50th to 65th Street abounds with show rooms for automobiles. In the old days it was a favorite amusement of writers who described the me } tropolis for the country reader to depict in lurid colors the vice and crime of this | great wicked city. Visitors were warned not to go alone into its shady purlieys This fantastic fog lingers in the minds of some who do not know New York, figp. get the myth. You are as safe from wickedness and danger as you are at home, The New Yorker works in the day time and sleeps at night. The life is Cleaner, steadier, and more respectable than in most cities anywhere on earth. Twenty thousand public-school teachers, several thousand more in other schools, abound. ing churches, countless societies for social welfare, an honest and efficient city government, and an industrious population mean and make a home-town, clean, safe, and sane. This is the real New York. Eating.—A city that calls almost all of its workers too far away from home to go back for the mid-day meal naturally abounds in restaurants of all sorts After two or three trials you can tell a good refectory by looking thru the windoy, There are three companies which maintain their moderate priced eating-rooms ip large numbers scattered about the city. One of these horns of plenty can be found within ten minutes walk of wherever you are likely to be. Besides these, ther are dairy lunches, physical culture restaurants, chop-houses, rotisseries, German bakeries, French pastry places, tea rooms, quick lunches, buffets, where one may dine well without robbery. There are Hungarian, Greek, Italian, and Chinese res- taurants without number, good table d’hotes at fifty cents to one dollar, Ther are self-serving cafeterias for the promotion of honesty in which you eat as yu like and tell the lady at the door what your bill amounts to. There are automas} that deliver to you hot and cold sustenance daintily prepared which pops out of} glass doors on your deposit of a small coin. There are dining rooms in whid you may easily deliver from four to ten dollars for a moderate dinner for your self and friend. The branch offices of the department of the interior are so many, and so near together, that provisions for the inner man need not concern you A trial or two makes you a metropolitan expert in the selection of places wher your money’s worth is delivered quickly, neatly and in appetizing form. Guide Books.—At five cents and upwards, upon any news stand or ina book store, the systematic sight-seer will find a variety of pocket maps or guile books outlining, in much more detail than the confines of this brief bulletin al do, a multitude of educative and entertaining sights which, taken as one’s time all inclination allows, will make your stay in modern Gotham a good portion ofa liberal education. abSSEEE S225 @ PSREs FER SRE See sel THE N. EB A BULLETIN 17 THE PROGRAM The General Sessions will be held in Madison Square Garden on Monday after- noon, July 3, and Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday evenings of the same week. The President of the United States will be the chief speaker one of the sessions and one or two of his cabinet will also speak. Senator Owen, of Oklahoma, will be one of the speakers. The different phases of educa- tion will be presented on the general program by prominent leaders such as Pro- fessor John Dewey, President G. Stanley Hall, Superintendent William A. Wirt, United States Commissioner of Education P. P. Claxton, and Mrs. Ella Flagg NATIONAL COUNCIL of Education Secretary William B. Owen, Principal, Chicago Normal College. . Chicago, Ill. Executive Committee ...David B. Johnson, President, Winthrop Normal and Industrial College Rock Hill, S. C. Executive Committee ...A. J. Matthews, President, Normal School of Arizona. Tempe, Ariz. Executive Committee ...Ellen C. Sabin, President, Milwaukee-Downer College. Milwaukee, Wis. The National Council of Education will meet on Saturday afternoon and even- ing, July 1, and Monday morning, July 3. Reports will be received from the Com- mittee on Superintendent Problems, the Committee to Study Methods of Promot- ing the Ideal of Racial Well-Being, The Thrift Committee, and the Health Com- mittee. State Superintendent James Y. Joyner, of North Carolina, will discuss the subject of “Rural Education.” One session will be devoted to a round-table discussion on topics to be named later. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION Ada Van Stone Harris, Director of Elementary Prac- tice Teaching, Public Schools Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-President Bertha M. McConkey, Assistant Superintendent of Schools Springfield, Mass. “Secretary EE Tacs to oe © Marie Turner Harvey, Teacher, Porter Rural School, PEM Bile. Cankdadied 17 East 11th Street, near Fifth Avenue Single room, European American Double room, European American WEBSTER 40 West 45th Street Room and bath, one person Room and bath, two persons Parlor, bedroom and bath Parlor, two bedrooms and bath.... WILLARD 252-256 West 76th Street Double room and bath Apartment $2.00-$2,59 WOLCOTT Thirty-first Street, near Fifth Avenue ° Single room, without bath Single room, with bath Double room, with bath Two rooms, with bath ...........sscsunl 5.00 WOODSTO6K 43rd Street, near Broadway Single room, without bath Single room, with bath Double room, without bath Double room, with bath Two double rooms, bath Two single rooms, bath WOODWARD Broadway and 55th Street Single room, with bath Double room, with bath Single room, without bath Double room, without bath YORK Seventh Avenue and 36th Street Single room, without bath ............. $1.50 Double room, without bath Single room, with bath Double room, with bath GENERAL COMMITTEE to arrange for the ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION to be held in New York City July 1-8. 1916 HON. JOHN PURROY MITCHEL, Mayor, Honorary Chairman HON. CHARLES B. ALEXANDER, Regent of the University of the State of New York, Chairman HON. ABRAM I. ELKUS, Regent of the University of the State of New York, Vice-Chairman. ALVIN W. KRECH, President, Equitable Trust Company, Treasurer JOHN G. AGAR WINTHROP W. ALDRICH MRS. CHARLES B. ALEXANDER HON. GEORGE ALEXANDER, President of the Council, New York University MISS HARRIET ALEXANDER VINCENT ASTOR CHARLES C. AUCHINCLOSS ELLIOTT C. BACON BERNARD M. BARUCH MRS. AUGUST BELMONT HON. WILLIAM BERRI, Regent of the University of the State of New York SAMUEL READING BERTRON HON. HERMANN M. BIGGS, Commissioner of Health of the State of New York THE N. BE. A BULLETIN 33 ELIUS N. BLISS, Jr. Ppt D. BLODGETT, President, Adelphi College MRS. E. C. BODMAN GEORGE C. BOLDT, Trustee, Cornell University WILLIAM C. BREED s, B. BROWNELL, President, Board of Trustees, Barnard College . HON. HENRY BRUERE, City Chamberlain PETER COOPER BRYCE NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER, President, Columbia University miss SARAH SCHUYLER BUTLER WALLACE BUTTRICK, General Education Board HON. JAMES BYRNE, Regent of the University ot the State of New York MRS. JAMES BYRNE HON. THOMAS W. CHURCHILL, Member, Board of Education HENRY CLEWS COL. JOHN W. CLIFTON HON. MAURICE E. CONNOLLY, President, Borough of Queens ROYAL S. COPELAND, Dean, New York Homeopathic and Flower Hospital PAUL D. CRAVATH JOHN D, CRIMMINS R. FULTON CUTTING WALTER J. DAMROSCH, Director, Symphony Society of New York MRS. CHARLES F. DARLINGTON HON. WILLIAM A. DAY ROBERT W. DE FOREST, President, Metropolitan Museum of Art HON, CHAUNCEY M. DEPEW STUART DUNCAN REV. BRO. EDWARD, President, Manhattan College MRS. ABRAM I. ELKUS SAMUEL W. FAIRCHILD JOHN H. FINLEY, President, The University of the State of New York HALEY FISKE AUSTIN BARCLAY FLETCHER MICHAEL FRIEDSAM CLYDE FURST, Secretary, The Carnegie Foundation ALBERT EUGENE GALLATIN ELBERT H. GARY, LL.B. MRS. SUMNER GERARD VIRGINIA C. GILDERSLEEVE, Dean, Barnard College ROBERT GOELET THOMAS D. GREEN, President, Hotel Association of New York City JEROME D. GREENE, Secretary, Rockefeller Foundation WILLIAM D. GUTHRIE, Ruggles Professor of Constitutional Law, Columbia University MRS. E. HENRY HARRIMAN W. AVERELL HARRIMAN COL. GEORGE HARVEY JAMES ANDERSON HAWES HON. McDOUGALL HAWKES CHARLES HAYDEN MRS. ALFRED F. HESS MISS ELEANOR G. HEWITT MISS SARAH COOPER HEWITT CHARLES FREDERICK HOFFMAN HAMILTON HOLT, Editor, The Independent MAJOR FRANCIS L. V. HOPPIN COL. E. M. HOUSE JOHN HUBBARD MRS. HELEN HARTLEY JENKINS JOSEPH FRENCH JOHNSON, Dean, School of Commerce, New York University MRS. ADRIAN HOFFMAN JOLINE FREDERIC A. JUILLIARD OTTO H. KAHN THOMAS H. KELLY CLARENCE H. KELSEY DARWIN P. KINGSLEY GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ, President, American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society ‘SAMUEL W. LAMBERT, Dean, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University ADOLPH LEWISOHN J. W. LIEB HON. GEORGE W. LOFT HON. CHESTER S. LORD, Regent of the University of. the State of New York JOHN B. LUNGER HOWARD LEE McBAIN, Associate Professor of Municipal Science and Administrative Law, Columbia University MRS. GEORGE B. McCLELLAN S. S. McCLURE, New York Mail MRS. ST. CLAIR McKELWAY EMERSON McMILLAN HON. CHARLES F. MacIl,EAN CLARENCE H. MACKAY HON. MARCUS M. MARKS, President Borough of Manhattan HON. DOUGLAS MATHEWSON, President, Borough of Bronx WILLIAM .1. MAXWELL, City Superintendent of Schools SIDNEY E. MEZES, President, College of the City of New York CHARLES R. MILLER MRS. JOHN PURROY MITCHEL JAMES M. MONTGOMERY RT. REV. MGR. JOSEPH F. MOONEY WILLIAM FELLOWES MORGAN, President, The Merchants’ Association of New York LEWIS SPENCER MORRIS. JOSEPH F. MULRY, President, Fordham University FRANK A. MUNSEY Ww. C. MUNSCHENHEIM HOWARD W. NUDD, Director, Public Education Association of the City of New York HON. MORGAN J. O’BRIEN ADOLPH S. OCHS, New York Times 34 THE N. E. A BULLETIN ROBERT OLYPHANT MRS. ANDREW J. SHIPMAN i HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, President, American Museum of Natural History WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN JOHN CLYDE OSWALD E. H. OUTERBRIDGE, Chairman, Executive Committee, Chamber of Commerce ARTHUR W, PAGE, The World’s Work HON. ALTON B. PARKER SCHUYLER L. PARSONS, Jr. HOWLAND PELL HON. FRANCIS K. PENDLETON, Justice ~ Supreme Court HON. FREDERIC C. PENFIELD, United States Ambassador to Austria-Hungary GEORGE W. PERKINS GEORGE A. PLIMPTON, President, Board of Trustees, Amherst College * FRANKLIN A. PLUMMER HON. FRANK L. POLK, Counselor for the Department of State WILLIAM H. POLK, Dean, Cornell University Medical College WILLIAM C. POTTER HON. LEWIS H. POUNDS, President, Borough of Brooklyn HON WILLIAM A. PRENDERGAST, Comptroller BERNON S. PRENTICE HENRY SMITH PRITCHETT, President, Carnegie Foundation HON. WILLIAM C. REDFIELD, Secretary of Commerce WILLIAM C. REICK, New York Sun OGDEN M. REID, New York Tribune MRS. WHITELAW REID MRS. ISAAC L. RICE MRS. DOUGLAS ROBINSON MAURICE BURKE ROCHE WILLIAM MacNEILL RODEWALD JOHN S. ROGERS, A.B. HON. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, Assistant Secretary of the Navy THEODORE ROOSEVELT, Jr. HON. ELIHU ROOT THEDORE DUNCAN ROUSSEAU, Secretary to the Mayor JAMES EARL, RUSSELL, Dean, Teachers College, Columbia Universiay THOMAS F. RYAN MORTIMER L. SCHIFF ALBERT SHAW, Editor, Review of Reviews FINLEY J. SHEPARD HON. CHARLES H. SHERRILL MRS. FRANCIS LOUIS SLADE ALFRED E. SMITH ORMOND G. SMITH HON. R. A. C. SMITH, Commissioner Department of Docks and Ferries VALENTINE P. SNYDER MISS CLARA B. SPENCE MRS. JAMES SPEYER ALFRED R. STARR, Dean, New York College of Dentistry JOSEPH EARLE STEVENS HON. WILLIAM R. STEWART, President, State Board of Charities WILLARD STRAIGHT MRS. JOSEPH SWAN JESSE ISIDOR STRAUS HENRY W. TAFT MRS. FREDERICK F. THOMPSON COL. ROBERT M. THOMPSON HENRY M. TILFORD HARRY TIPPER MRS. PAUL TUCKERMAN MRS. KATHARINE W. TWEED ROBERT B. VAN CORTLANDT F. A. VANDERLIP OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD, New York Evening Post FAYETTE C. WALKER RODMAN WANAMAKER FELIX M. WARBURG, Trustee, Teachers Coliege, Columbia University LLOYD WARREN SAMUEL A. WELLDON MALCOLM D. WHITMAN HON. GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM LOUIS WILEY HON. WILLIAM G. WILLCOX, President, Board of Education HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP FRANK S. WITHERBEE HENRY J. WRIGHT, Editor, New York Globe Special Committee Appointed by the National Education Association THOMAS E. FINEGAN, Assistant Commissioner of Education of the State of New York ELMER E. BROWN, Chancellor, New York University ANDREW W. EDSON, Associate Superintendent of Schools, The City of New York JOHN R. YOUNG, Manager, Convention Bureau, The Merchants’ Association of New York ON THE CELEBRATION OF PEACE DAY, MAY 18 To the Teachers of the United States:— With two-thirds of the world at war, why should we observe Peace Day? For a dozen years past, the schools of this country and of other countries have set aside May 18 for the purpose of concentrating attention on the significance of the work of the Hague Peace Conferences. But with the threatened breakdown of civilization in Europe today, the manhood of the-nations shattered, homes ruined, Pr THE N. EB. A BULLETIN 35 uctive energy directed to the one task of killing, does it not appear that the Peace Conference is out of joint with the times? Under the circumstances, would it not be well to suspend the customary reference to this event this year? Quite on the contrary. The system of law which the Hague Conference stands ‘for offers the only hope to war-stricken Europe. This common tribunal is the only light upon the horizon, and it is the duty of us all to keep this light burning. The opening of the First Hague Peace Conference on May 18, 1899, is, without doubt, the starting-point and the center of international progress. This Confer- ence is described by international jurists and statesmen as the beginning of a new epoch for international law and international relations. This and the Second Hague Conference which met on June 15, 1907 have forced the recognition of the principle that the establishment of equitable law is an essential to the realization of peace. Moreover, the achievements of these Conferences have impressed the world with the possibility and the desirability of “making the practice of civilized nations conform to their peaceful professions.” The hope of civilization lies in the progressive effort which has given to the family of nations the germ of an inter- national law-making body. Law is the only substitute for war. The present is not a time for hopeless dejection, in spite of the momentous struggle across the water which seems to demonstrate the overturning of inter- national law. Upon close examination we see signs of very great progress. Al- most all the European Powers proposed recourse to the Hague Tribunal or to a conference of interested Powers to avoid war, and, when this was not successful, every belligerent government, without exception, published its reasons for going to war, according to the Hague Convention. This appeal to the public opinion of mankind has no historical precedent. Never before have the nations on such a proad scale sought to justify their actions at the bar of this tribunal. Our task is to strengthen public opinion, which is the only practicable sanc- tion for international law. Nothing is more conspicuous in the present war than the sensitiveness of the belligerents to the charges of violations of treaties and the established law of nations. No breach of international law in this war will pass unnoticed. The combined action of modern powers, represented chiefly by the Hague Conferences, has developed this sense of responsibility—a great step in world progress; and it is not a mere supposition to expect that one outcome of the peace settlement conference will be the recognition that violation of inter- national law is a legal injury to every nation. The present sensitiveness should develop into conscience, so that the peace which ends this unfortunate war and the means taken to prevent the violation of its terms will make a new era in international relations. This peace, which follows the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Peace of Utrecht in 17138, and the Treaty of Vienna in 1815, the three celebrated cases of combined European action, should usher in an era of law which, as Mr. Root says, will “constrain nations to conduct based upon principles of justice and humanity.” This should be the great step forward. This is the onky compensation for the terrible interruption of the processes of civilization. Should not the celebration of Peace Day this year clothe with new significance the meaning of arbitration, mediation, investigation, and conciliation for preventing destructive warfare? One might well include in this observance a description of the permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and show its effectiveness in settling the fifteen important cases which have been taken before it since 1902. The formation of a teal world court, so nearly accomplished at the Second Hague Conference, should also be emphasized as an ideal for which the world has hoped and waited! A Peace Day exercise in the schools this year offers a great opportunity to take 36 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN ee note of these solid foundations of law and order, and above all to point to the underlying spirit of co-operation and good-will which has brought the World to the present stage of unification. In so far as this spirit persists will Civilization achieve its ideals. Of all the institutions working for the unification of mankind, the school stands first. On those, therefore, who administer education in this critical tims rests the responsibility of preserving and advancing those ideals for which all civilized nations should strive, and especially have the teachers of this nation— a nation founded on democracy, universal brotherhood, and good-will—an impor. tant part to play. The observance of the 18th of May this year offers one means of stimulating the desire for law and order. Shall not the teachers of the United States take advantage of this and every other opportunity for spreading the eternal ideas of justice and humanity! Faithfully yours, FANNIE FERN ANDREWS, ' Secretary American School Peael League, For appropriate material for the observance of the 18th ,of May, the American School Peace League recommends the “Cantata for Peace Day,” by John Charles Donovan, Director of Music in the Cincinnati Schools; “The Promotion of Peace,” by Fannie Fern Andrews, Bulletin No. 12, 1913, United States Bureau of Education; “In the Vanguard,” by Katrina Trask, for secondary and normal schools; “The Enemy,” by Beulah Marie Dix, for secondary school boys; “A Pageant of Peace,” by Beulah Marie Dix, for the upper grades of the elementary schools; and “Where War Comes,” by Beulah Marie Dix for the lower school grades. Literature can be obtained from the American School Peace League, 405 Marlborough St., Boston, THE NEXT GENERATION Announcement of $4,000 in prizes to Undergraduate Educators ¢ The National Council of Education, after the discussion on “The New Ideal in Education—Better Parents of Better Children,” at Detroit, created ‘‘a committee to study methods of promoting the ideal of racial well-being.” Robert J. Aley, president of the Council, has appointed the following members: Helen C. Putnam, Adelaide Steele Baylor, Carroll G. Pearse, Mary C. C. Bradford. This committee announces that a fund, $1,000 annually for four years, has been offered by an anonymous donor. It is to be used to help place popular ideals of responsibility for the race above commercial ideals and above individualism. None of it may be used for expenses, or to promote an individual, a book, or an institution. Studies Invited in Competition—-Two prizes are offered in each of four sections, totalling twelve states, to graduating classes of 1917 in state normal institutions and in departments (or courses) of education and of home economics in colleges (including agricultural) and universities; $100 to classes graduating in 1917 that have had a two-year normal course based on high-school graduation; $150 to classes graduating in 1917 that have had a four-year normal course based on high-school graduation; and to classes graduating in 1917 from colleges and universities with courses four years in length, that have had at least two years in education or in home economics. These prizes will be awarded for the best co-operative study by a class of the following proposition: The supreme object of education should be to make the next generation better than living generations. Suggestions to Two-Year Normal Classes for Developing the Study.—What educational and social facts relating to the statement are most significant? How can the ideal in the statement be impressed in nature studies? In garden work? s Fil BSEFI1ES2. B BFEe® 5 EFPahsssl Rees THE N. E. A. BULLETIN 37 __ wea S In geography? In history? In personal hygiene? In school housekeeping? In tions? In civics? How can education result in better parents? In fewer mental defectives? In an inheritance of higher ideals and wiser economic conditions for the next generation? Suggestions to Other Competing Classes.—How does history illustrate the statement? Or statistics of criminals, defectives, degenerates; of morbidity, mortality, birthrates; of poverty, alcoholism, conservation and waste? Use of statement in biologic courses? In primary, grammar, high-school grades? In yocational and other special schools? In extension instruction for adolescents and adults? What alterations in public schools are necessary to fit pupils to become better fathers and mothers and better citizens with reference to the next genera- tion than we have had, as measured by statistics of preventable child mortality, morbidity, defectiveness, degeneracy, “criminality”? Suggestions to All Competing Classes.—The foregoing suggestions are not requirements and either group is free to use those made to the other. It is desired that all classes understand the elementary form of Mendel’s theory of inheritance of unit characters with special reference to mental defectives. It is specialy hoped that each class will submit a piece of original investigation or experimentation pearing on the statement; e. g., work with children in practice or other schools; study of a related social problem in a village or city, ward or county; critical analysis of common definitions of education, curriculums, etc. It is recommended that subtopics be assigned to individuals or groups to work up, and that the long yacation be utilized; also that these partial studies be thoroly discussed in class. The study submitted must be composite, representing the class. A dissenting min- ority nay present its reasons separately, not exceeding one thousand words. To make a family history study of some family showing a well-marked trait is a most valuable educational exercise. Standard outlines for such can be had by corres- ponding with the chairman. “A Study of the Self” which includes the family would be an effective method of approach. The outline of a plan for a piece of research may be sent to the chairman who will secure the advice of an expert on the Advisory Committee of Experts for the purpose of making it as useful as possible. 1916-1917 Competition.—The prizes are offered as follows: In Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Mary C. C. Bradford, state superintendent of public instruction, Denver, Colo., will be the committee consultant; in Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, Carroll G. Pearse, President, State Normal School, Milwaukee, Wis., will be committee con- sultant; in Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, F. B. Dresslar, George Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville, Tenn., will be committee consultant; in Massa- chusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Robert M. Yerkes, Psychological Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., will be committee consultant. Enquiries may be sent to the consultant for the section. Outlines of proposed researches may be sent to the chairman, H. C. Putnam, M.D., Rhode Island Ave., Providence, R. I. Requirements.—Notice of intention to compete must be sent to section con- sultant not later than May 1, 1916; length of manuscripts from two-year normals, 4000 to 6,000 words, from all others, 5,000 to 8,000 words, tables not counted; concise summary not exceeding 300 words; six typewritten copies; each copy anonymous, but having a nom de plume or short motto, the package having a sealed envelope bearing the same and containing the address of the sender; manuscripts to be in the hands of clerk of committee, Ida P. Greenman, Room 342, Grosvenor Building, Providence, R. I., not later than April 1, 1917. ‘Successful Studies—Prizes and honorable mentions will be announced before ‘| Commencement in 1917. The committee reserves the right to give none when no study from a section is found of sufficient merit. Successful studies become the 38 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN property of the committee and may be published. One copy of each of the ether will be retained by the committee, the remaining five copies being returned to the sender when a request is accompanied by the necessary postage within three months after award of prizes. The Following References Will Be Found Useful.—Feeble-mindedness by H. Goddard, The Macmillan Co.; Heredity in Relation to Eugenics, C. H. Davenport, Henry Holt & Co.; Publications by Eugenics Record Office, Cold Spring Harbor L, I. and by American Association for Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality 1211 Cathedral St., Baltimore, Md.; writings of Karl Pearson and of Francis Galton. The Heredity of Richard Roe, by D. S. Jordan, American Unitarian Association: Introductions to Reports on Mortality Statistics, by the Census Office; The Social Direction of Human Evolution, Kellicott, Appleton & Co. THRIFT At the annual meeting of the active members of the Association at Oakland last August, a Committee on Thrift Education was organized, with the following personnel: Arthur H. Chamberlain, Secretary, California Council of Education, San Francisco, (gl Chairman. j Robert H. Wilson, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Oklahoma City, Okla. J. A. Bexell, Dean, School of Commerce, Oregon.Agricultural College, Corvallis, Ore. S. W. Straus, President, American Society for Thrift, Chicago, Ill. Henry R. Daniel, Secretary, Americah Society for Thrift, Chicago, III. Milo H. Stuart, Principal. Manual Training High School, Indianapolis, Ind. Kate Devereux, Principal. Public School No. 6, Manhattan, N. Y. C. H. Dempsey, Superintendent of Schools, Haverhill, Mass. John D. Shoop, Superintendent of Schools, Chicago, Ill It was decided that this work should be carried on under the auspices of the National Council of Education of the N. E. A., and, at the Detroit meeting of the Council, the Monday evening session was devoted to a discussion of the subject from the following standpoints: “Address Stating the General Problem,” S. W. Straus, Chicago, IIl.; “Thrift in Relation to Country Life,” Robert H. Wilson, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Oklahoma City, Okla.; “Thrift in Relation to Industries,” Clarence H. Dempsey, Superintendent of Schools, Haverhill, Mass.; “Thrift in Relation to Banking,” J. A. Bexell, Dean, School of Commerce, Oregon Agricultural College, Corvallis, Ore.; “Thrift in Relation to Conservation,” Milo H. Stuart, Principal, Manual Training High School, Indianapolis, Ind.; “Thrift in Relation to Men's Orgenizations Such as Chamber of Commerce, Boards of Trade, Labor Unions, etc.,” H. R. Daniel, Secretary, American Society of Thrift, Chicago, Ill.; “Thrift in Relation to the Home,” Kate D. Blake, Principal, Public School No. 6, Man- hattan, N. Y.; “General Summary,” Arthur H. Chamberlain, Secretary, California Council of Education, San Francisco, Cal. It being necessary to have something definite and worth while to present to the summer meeting of the Council, Chairman Chamberlain called a meeting of the Committee immediately following the Thrift program. All were present except Mr. Shoop, and, in addition to the members of the Committee, Durani W. Springer, Secretary, National Education Association, Ann Arbor, Mich., and President Charles McKenny, State Normal College, Ypsilanti, Mich., were it- vited to attend the meeting and participate in the discussion. Chairman Chamberlain stated his idea of the scope and work of the Com- mittee to be the development of such plans for thrift teaching as may be worked out practically in the schools of the country. He said: “It is astonishing how rapidly the idea of thrift has been spreading during the past few months. News papers, business men, bankers, and teachers have taken up the matter. As yet, however, people are vague in their thinking as to just what the movement stanés YH, port, rbor, ality, lton; tion; land en's BREE = cw 2s S252325 F228 THE N. BE. A BULLETIN 39 ———————————————————————————eeoeee————— ooo for. It is the duty of this committee to formulate plans under which all forces may work together toward a common end. I should be glad to have each member express himself freely as to the general scope and details of the work.” Mr. Wilson told of the essay work that was being done in Oklahoma. Also of very successful voluntary work which was being carried on by classes of boys or- along lines similar to the Rotary Club or the Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Wilson said: “It ought to be as much a part of the life of every child to be thrifty as to speak correct English.” He also told of work that he is doing along the line of help for adults. In this regard he said: “I find from the 1910 census that there were 200,000 farmers in Oklahoma. Of. this number, 104,000 were tenants and 96,000 owned their farms. I am making a list of library books on thrift and shall put them in libraries not only for children but for older people as well.” He told of a young man he knew who after cashing his weekly check said: “I'll not try to save anything now.” From this suggestion, he proposed to furnish to each member of the Committee a cut that might be useful in the thrift propaganda. He would show two young men, one who could not save anything out of a salary of $40.00, the other who saved one-fourth of a $30.00 salary. In after years, the latter would be shown as president of the savings bank, while the one who could not save would be shown as a pauper. He said he was going to use the cut for work with school children. Mr. Stuart suggested bibliographies of writings by successful men on the cause | of their success. He also spoke of organizing the work of the business depart- ment of the high school in such a manner that it might be possible to establish a type of accounting in connection with the home that would take in all the various lines of home expenditure and get the boys and girls to consider the home on a business basis—that is, have a sort of home bookkeeping, keeping the accounts in much the same way as accounts are kept in department stores. Miss Blake believed much could be done along this line in saving supplies in the home. She told of one boy who after graduation had complete charge of the home cellar and fruit room. He kept everything at the right temperature and saw that things were used at the right time. These suggestions precipitated a somewhat lengthy discussion of the question of high-school accounting. Mr. Springer spoke of the Ann Arbor system, as fol- lows: “I think our experiment with School Savings Banks was the first of its kind where money was actually handled in the Commercial Department of the high school. Business was done with the Board of Education and the high school Commercial Department kept the accounts. There are over a thousand accounts with school children handled thru the high-school office. It does not cost $50 per year to operate the system. A boy goes to every ward school in the city every Fri- day morning. He rectives deposits and takes them to the bank at the Commercial Department, where there is a regular account for every depositor. The accounts are entered up just as they would be at a bank. The cashier makes up the deposit for the Board of Education, and takes it down to the bank, where the Board holds its funds, where the deposit is made. He thus has actual experience. When a student so desires and has sufficient funds to warrant it, he may draw on the Board of Education and open an account in any bank in the city. By this method, we are not only instructing the student, but giving him actual practice.” Mr, Dempsey believed that the important thing is to encourage interest in scientific management and to establish the habit of saving. He said: “Last year students in our schools earned about $35,000 to help support themselves. What should be done in the school work to encourage thrift in spending this amount of money? I-hope we may get in pamphlet form the results of the experience of the 40 THE N. EB. A BULLETIN different localities so that we may instruct wisely. Then I should like or how to put this school work into a thrift campaign.” a Mr. Bexell suggested that the thing needed is standardization of the qj systems now in use in various schools and by various organizations, such as Bankers Association, which is working out a liberal system. It was gy¢g by another member that such a system be standardized and sold at cost. Mr, B also suggested that one of the most effective things for the general cause vs be a bibliography on thrift, giving authors and prices. a President McKenny discussed the problem from the standpoint of , training in thrift, which he considered most important, since, thru the teacher, f grade-school children could be reached. He spoke of an organization jy normal school called “The Safety League,” organized to improve condition living in the community. Thru its work, little things usually overlooked . taken into account and much saving and general good accomplished. He was not so much the essays that were written that mattered, as the fact that | them suggestion might be made as to how thrift can be worked out in the seh buildings, about the home, and in the community. q Chairman Chamberlain suggested that there is not a school subject that cap be enriched and amplified by thrift teaching. As illustration he told of the w done by Professor David E. Smith, of Columbia, in working out a series of problg based on the European War. These problems were published in pamphlet fg and circulated thruout the country. He also spoke of how desirous teg 8 elementary schools were to get good supplementary material in all school gy He suggested that the members take up everyday problems with their assoeis with the idea of working out some helpful schemes. He summed up the ¢ and gave it a practical turn by three suggestions: ‘“First—Let us not ¢ work or cross wires. We are all busy people. Mr. Bexell suggested thata graphy on thrift be arranged. Mr. Wilson has already done some work along t line with the various publishers. Will Mr. Wilson go right aread on that matt get all the publications he can on the subject, and submit such list later to J Springer. Each of us will also send to Mr. Springer any titles of books ¢ ti subject that we may be able to find. This list can then be printed for distrib t Second—I am now working upon the problem of the channels thru which hi may be taught in the schools. It is one thing to discuss the value of such teachi It is another to work out the subject practically. We must give definite, cle I directions to teachers before much can be accomplished by them. Mr. Meck suggestion to teach the subject in normal schools is good. Third—Much ¢ L accomplished in connection with the meetings of institutes and teachers org tions. In California, we shall give the subject of thrift a place on the prograr various teachers’ meetings. Other members of the committee can influence ho in charge of such programs in their respective states to do something along f line. We certainly appreciate what Mr. Straus and Mr. Daniel have done te h establish the work of the committee, and, altho only a start has been made as 7 we ought, with these suggestions before us, to develop some practical p school work on thrift.” s In closing, Mr. Straus said that he would leave to the committee the work studying the method of introducing the study of thrift into the public schools, believe,” he said, “that one of the principal questions of the hour is the q es of thrift, and that the best way to make the nation thrifty is thru the a schools.” ne