This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com NYPL RESEARCH LIBRARIES 3 3433 10013 8928 Margaret SSA 17 THE NEW YORK Taxation Number PUBLIC LIBRARY 292809A ASTOR, LENOX AND Margaret Haley's TILDEN FOUNDATIONS R 1927 L WeeklyBulletin VOL. II. 100 1131-202/i/18/25-June16/26 CHICAGO, ILL., APRIL 9, 1925 NO. 1 The Issue: The Children or the Tax-Dodgers ? AND I PROMISED " A SEAT FOR " EVERY CHILD MAYOR DEVER ASSESSOR'S OFFICE PLATOON [ONLY 4BILLIONS TAXED] SCHOOL MYS N TAXE D O AR TI TAXPAYER BOUCA OF Y E D 36 BILLIONS UNTAXED TAX FIXER TEACHERS FEDERATION DOTA DGX ER Board of Education (to Teachers) : "Come and help us chase the Children into the Platoon Schools." Chicago Teachers' Federation (to Board of Education) : "YOU come and help US chase the Tax Dodgers into the Assessor's Office." Next Week: Salary Number 2 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Communication on Proposed Salary Schedule for Teachers From the Chicago Teachers ' Federation to the Board of Education The following communication was adopted unani- 2. How much additional money will be required in the mously by the special meeting of the Federation held Educational Fund to pay the proposed salary increase at the Studebaker Theater on April 6. It was pre- to the above named groups of teachers this year ? sented to the Board of Education at its meeting April 3. How much additional money next year, 1926 ? 8 and referred to the Committee on Finance : 4. How much additional money for 1927 ? At this meeting the Federation also adopted a 5. Where is the money to come from ? motion to urge the co-operation of the Board of 6. How does the Board expect to increase the revenue Education in furthering the passage of the Tax in the Educational Fund? Amendment ( Senate Joint Resolution No. 4 ) printed elsewhere in this issue . 7. Is it the intention of the Board to submit to the peo-- ple or to the Legislature the proposition to raise the To the Honorable the Board of Education, tax levy ? City of Chicago . Ladies and Gentlemen : Respectfully Submitted, MARY M. ABBE, The Chicago Teachers ' Federation at a special meeting Pres . Chicago Teachers ' Federation . held at the Studebaker Theatre on Monday, April 6, 1925, reaffirmed its position on the question of school revenue TEACHERS ' STATEMENT OF FEB. 5, 1925 adopted by the Federation at a special meeting held at the REAFFIRMED APRIL 6, 1925. Studebaker Theatre on February 5, 1925, and a copy is herewith submitted in accordance with the instructions of The Chicago Teachers ' Federation reiterates its position on the question of school revenues : We are opposed to any the meeting today. further increase in the tax rate. The meeting today also directed the officers to send to The teachers of Chicago know that there can be no in- your Honorable Body the following statement in regard crease in teachers' salaries at the present time without in- to the proposed salary schedule presented to your Board creasing the tax rate for the educational fund . The Chi- on March 11, 1925. cago Teachers' Federation does not agree with the Superin- tendent's suggestion that the Board of Education should The report of the Auditor of the Board of Education ask the people at this time to vote on this increase in the now before the Finance Committee of the Board shows tax rate for the educational fund to increase teachers ' that- salaries. a. The estimated revenue for the Educational Fund for The resolution adopted by the Board of Education on November 26, 1924, states that there was an increase of over the year 1925 will be $212,32 less than that of last $500,000,000 in taxable values in Chicago between 1921 and year. 1923 while only $80,000,000 of this amount was added to the b. The estimated budget for educational purposes to be City's assessed valuation. We again demand that the of- ficials charged with the responsibilities of assessing property paid out of the Educational Fund for 1925 is $2,078,446 for taxation do their duty according to law and assess the more than the expenditures for the same purpose from taxable property in Chicago, thereby increasing school the Educational Fund in 1924. revenues by increasing the total valuation for assessment c. That the estimated deficit in the Educational Fund in purposes instead of by increasing the tax rate on the peo- ple who are already overburdened. December, 1925 , is $ 19,000,000, $4,000,000 of that being We reiterate that it is the duty of the Board of Educa- this year's deficit and that this estimated deficit of tion to meet its responsibility as pointed out by the Board more than $4,000,000 this year and a total deficit of in its own resolution of November 26, by exercising its legal authority and demanding the assessment of taxable $19,000,000 at the end of this year is based on the pay- property according to law. As teachers we are willing now, ment by the Board of the present salary schedules . as we always have been, to meet our responsibilities to the d. The estimated deficit at the same rate of expenditure community and to co- operate with every honest effort of the citizens and public officials to secure the enforcement for 1926, without any increase in salaries over the pres- of existing tax laws and to secure needed changes in those ent schedules will be $6,000,000 for the year 1926 and laws by lawful procedure and to stop tax fixing and tax- a total deficit at the end of the year 1926 of $25,000,000 . dodging. The teachers co- operated with the Board of Education e. The borrowing power of the Board of Education at and the citizens in the campaign in November, 1923, to the end of the year 1926, if there is no increase in the secure a favorable vote of the people on the proposition to assessment and no increase in the tax rate, will be only increase the tax rate for the building fund in order to $25,000,000 , and its limit will therefore be reached provide a seat in a school room for every child. We renew our pledge-" A seat for every child," and we insist that without increasing any salaries this year or next year. faith be kept with the public and that the increase in the The Federation, therefore, respectfully asks that the building fund be used for the purpose for which the people Board make public the following information : voted. We believe that there should be no skimping on the buildings nor overcrowding of classrooms of buildings 1. If the proposed schedule is adopted by the Board of with more children than there are seats, thereby increas- Education, what maximum salary is to be paid for the ing the fire risks, danger of panic or spread of contagion years 1925, 1926, 1927 to each of the following groups and epidemic. of teachers , and how many persons in each group are We resent any attempt to pit the teachers of Chicago eligible to and will be paid the maximum ? against the children by making them appear willing to benefit themselves at the expense of the children. a. Elementary Teachers ? For the Superintendent to recommend the curtailing of b. Junior High School Teachers ? such privileges as penny lunches and bath towels for the c. High School Teachers ? children while at the same time suggesting an increase in d. Head Assistants ? the salaries of teachers, is to place the teachers of Chicago c. Elementary Principals ? in a position before the public which the teachers do not f. Junior High School Principals ? deserve . Unless the teachers publicly protest, their silence g. High School Principals ? will be construed as approval. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 3 1 Story of a 60-Day Tax Fight we challenge Mr. Henry's right as secretary of the Early in December of 1924, the Chicago Federa- tion of Labor asked the Board of Education for a Finance Committee to be permitted to promulgate an edu- cational theory of that kind and then have the Board pro- hearing on matters of importance to the Federation. ceed to put in larger classes on that authority. A hearing was granted and John Fitzpatrick, Presi- You can hardly tell what the situation is , whether it is dent of the Federation , together with Edward N. lack of money or because large classes are considered just as good . I will assume , however, that if the Board had Nockels , Secretary, Victor A. Olander, Christian plenty of money, it would pay no attention to Mr. Henry , Madsen and Edwin R. Wright, appeared before a that it would have the smaller classes . joint meeting of the committees on Finance, Build- ings and Grounds and School Administration on Board Authorizes Tax Campaign. Now, Mr. Chairman, on the matter of this money, I want January 30, 1925. The following members of the to speak of one concrete case . It is very distressing to us. Board of Education were present : Mr. Moderwell , For 25 years our Chicago Teachers ' Federation has been President, Mr. Smietanka, Mr. Fellows, Miss Tem- attempting to do something to get revenue for the schools ple. Mrs. Hefferan, Mr. Greenebaum and Mr. Coath . by way of enforcing the tax laws . On the 26th of last At this hearing at the request of the officials of November, the Board of Education adopted a resolution, presented by Mr. Greenebaum. In that resolution the Board the Chicago Federation of Labor, Margaret A. took a great forward step, which , as far as I know no other Haley appeared and made the following statement Board ever took. It recited in this resolution: which is reproduced from the stenographic report "Whereas, the authority to appear before said Board of the hearing : of Review and to take all necessary steps to enforce the assessment of taxable property according to law is given Labor Says-Smaller Classes. by Section 35 of the Revenue Act of 1898 to all taxing MR. FITZPATRICK: Mr. Chairman and Members of the bodies within the City, including the Board of Education , Board : One of the other propositions to be presented to you and it appears to be to the best interests of the schools was the question of the financial policy of the Board of that the Board of Education should have counsel to rep- Education . Of course, that has a controlling influence over resent it for this purpose ." the whole situation . The Chicago Federation of Labor does The newspapers glowingly announced the adoption of the not feel qualified through any of its present officers to pre- resolution by the Board of Education. The following from sent an argument to this Board on the financial end of it. the Tribune of November 27 is a sample : but we have selected a person who, we believe, understands " SCHOOL BOARD OPENS FIGHT ON TAX DODGERS . the financial situation as it affects the Board of Education and the children and the educational system of the City of " Chicago's school board yesterday joined hands with the Chicago possibly better than any other person in the City Chicago Teachers' Federation in its fight to bring the tax of Chicago. The Chicago Federation of Labor now wants dodgers to time and to see that all property is assessed to to present to you as its representative to present the argu- the letter of the law. ment on the matter of finance, Miss Margaret Haley . By adoption of a resolution at its meeting yesterday the board decided to employ counsel to represent the board at PRESIDENT MODERWELL : Miss Haley. hearings now in progress before the board of review. The MISS MARGARET HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I have as- resolution urges that its representative take such action as sumed , or did assume until Mr. Henry presented his report of October 21, 1924, to the auditor of this Board , on the may be necessary to see that proper assessments are en- forced. question of memberships, that every one admitted all that the speakers for the Federation of Labor who preceded me Schools' Finances Serious . today have said regarding large numbers of pupils to a The resolution , offered by Edgar N. Greenebaum, vice teacher, but a new theory has been propounded by the Sec- president of the board, is looked upon in school circles as retary of the Finance Committee of the Board of Education, another indication of the seriousness of the schools' finances . which opens up for discussion that field we had supposed Mr. Greenebaum pointed out that although it was estimat- was closed . ed that property values in Chicago had increased $ 500,000,000 Now, Isimply wish to enter my protest against the follow- since 1921, only about $80,000,000 had been added to the total ing statements by Mr. Henry in that report : assessed values beyond the figures of 1921. " In general it has been assumed that a small class is 'It is a matter of common knowledge,' he said, ' that so the best assurance of good teaching results ; and the large a number of reductions are being made during the current year that there is danger of the totals falling below average teacher probably feels that she cannot do justice to herself if held responsible for a large class group . those for the year 1923. ' "But the results shown by the most careful tests that Miss Haley Pleased. have been made do not support the common assumption Miss Margaret Haley of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation that effective teaching in general depends upon small expressed satisfaction over the board's move . Miss Haley's class groupings. The suggestion here made is, that, in organization raised a fund of $50,000 to bring about adequate view of the favorable showing of large classes in the assessments." reports mentioned, the present shortage of class room space and the deficit in the educational fund may rea- What Did the Board Mean ? zonably be urged as an emergency requiring at least a We congratulated ourselves when the Board of Education trial of the plan of readjusting programs to provide a acknowledged its responsibility and its legal right to take more uniform assignment of large classes in the various up this tax question , and we took definite steps to cooperate schools ." with the Board. The last paragraph of this document, which is the resolution, did not, it appeared to me, give the special Financial Expert Says- Larger Classes. counsel, authorized by the resolution, authority to appear Elsewhere in the report the statement appears that: before the Board of Review except on behalf of complaints "There is little difference between the achievements already filed. I made that statement. It was printed in of the pupils when taught in large classes ( from 42 to 54 some of the newspapers . One of the newspapers printed a pupils ) and when taught in smaller classes . " statement from the President of the Board and from Mr. Boards of Education in the past have always admitted Greenebaum controverting my statement. This is what ap- that if they increased the membership in classes, they did peared in an editorial in the Post two days after the resolu- it reluctantly, regretfully, made no excuse xcuse of this kind. tion was adopted. " The resolution appointing Mr. Ashton, " - namely, that it was a better thing for the children or a bet- Mr. Ashton was appointed special counsel--" makes specific ter thing for education. This is the first time that kind of mention of only these avenues of activity . " That refers to argument has been used . We challenge that statement and (Continued on page 6.) 4 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S of the Teachers' Councils, provides for a conference WEEKLY BULLETIN committee consisting of representatives of delegated voluntary organizations. From such representation MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher this rule excludes officers of voluntary organizations Application made for entry at the Post Office, Chicago, who are not members of the teaching body and who, Illinois , as Second-Class Matter. therefore, are not subject to control by penalization or by advancement . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly On February 17, 1925, a joint meeting of the Com- during the year, excepting the months of July and August, and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. mittee on Rules and the Committee on School Haley. Administration of the Board of Education voted THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One Dollar for 3 months . Single copies, 10 Cents . to recommend to the Board of Education an ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be amendment to its rules denying to members of the received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current issue. voluntary organizations of teachers the right to free- ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- dom of communication on school grounds, outside of able to the order of MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American school hours, in regard to the business of their or- Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , ganizations . Chicago These examples of the present tendency on the Phone Central 3904 part of Chicago school officials to penalize both indi- vidual teachers and voluntary organizations of teach- ers who seek independent expression of opinion on Why This Bulletin? school policy, make it necessary to seek again an av- enue of communication on such questions which The publication of this BULLETIN is resumed be- shall be free from the danger of penalization. cause the same conditions exist which prompted its Hence , this BULLETIN . publication in 1915 . At that time the Chicago Board of Education When Mr. Jacob Loeb set out to dismiss teachers adopted the Loeb Rule which forbade the teachers from the system all he had to do was to persuade the right to maintain an organization which had any the Board of Education to change one of its rules, official to speak for it who was not a member of the which it did over night. However, as a result, the teaching force, and who, therefore, could not be pen- teachers went to the Legislature and secured the alized. The penalties for violation of this rule were passage of a statute which put the tenure out of denial of automatic increases in salaries and dis- reach of the School Board . When the present Board missal from the teaching force. Both penalties were of Education wanted to destroy the Teachers' Coun- applied. The teachers sought and secured relief in cils it , too, could do it over night. Now, it is up the Courts and in the Legislature. to the teachers to go down to Springfield and get a The Board of Education, on September 26, 1924, statute authorizing the Teachers' Councils. Free- abolished the then existing rule providing for the dom of discussion is just as important to the teachers meeting of the Teachers' Councils, the official or- as freedom from fear of dismissal . ganization of classroom teachers for free, uncon- trolled discussion and expression of educational Milwaukee elementary class- room teachers ( who policy. number about 1,200) have an organization of more than 90 percent of their force. Committees from These Councils were established by the Board of both elementary teachers and high school teachers Education in February, 1913, on the recommenda- tion of Superintendent Ella Flagg Young. They are working on a single salary schedule. The merit were re-established by the Board of Education, in system has worked so disadvantageously in Mil- 1919, on the recommendation of Peter A. Mortensen waukee that 75 percent of the high school teachers and were maintained under the present administra- are dissatisfied with the present schedules. Tenta- tion until May 9, 1924. tively, the new schedule provides for $ 1,400 min- imum , $2,600 maximum based on service alone, and Between May 9, 1924, the last date on which the $3,600 maximum based on both service and uni- Councils met, and September 26, 1924, the date on versity training, all teachers to be treated alike. which the Board abolished the rule providing for the Council meetings, the Board of Education refused James Mullenbach, member Chicago Board of to enforce the rule, though in existence, for the call- Education : "If the new plan is approved by the ing of the Councils. The Board of Education not board the new organization of teachers' councils only refused to enforce this rule before it abolished it, but it penalized a teacher who in her official capac- | recommended by Superintendent McAndrew will be a comfortable conference between the superinten- ity as the elected representative of the Teachers ' dent and a group of people, but there will be no real Councils, appeared before a Committee of the Board criticism of the system by the teachers. The latter of Education on the invitation of that Committee, will not speak their minds before the superintendent and, also at its invitation , presented a report to and other high officials who are to be included in this the meetings of the Councils . body." As a substitute for the rule of the Board of Edu- cation providing for the meeting of the Teach- Superintendent McAndrews' Teachers' Council ers' Councils, the Board, on April 8, adopted the plan was carried by the Board of Education on April Superintendent's Report ( 11229) which has been 7th by a vote of 7 to 2. Trustee James Mullenbach before the Board since June 18, and which, in lieu and J. Lewis Coath voted in the negative. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Facts and Figures Concerning Education Illinois is the third richest state in the Union, ac- in increased expenditure (per capita) for education. * * * cording to the News Almanac, and, by the same au- thority, this state has 174,000 illiterates . The World War disclosed to us the fact that we * * * had 5,500,000 illiterates-nearly 8 per cent of our Dean O. LL. Manchester in the February issue of population above ten years of age. The last census the Illinois Teacher points out that only 8 states rank places illiteracy at 6 per cent. That is , there are still above Illinois in state income, per capita, but 24 4,900,000 persons in the United States who cannot rank above her in what is spent, per capita, for edu- write their own names . * * * cation ; while 34 states rank above Illinois in per capita expenditure for education when compared The last census is the first one, in fifty years, to with per capita wealth. show the number of men school teachers in the * * * United States below 100,000. The steady decrease in men teachers since 1916 indicates that the World America's splendid challenge to all her youth to War gave men an opportunity to leave the profession come to school to secure an education is accepted by which they were not slow in seizing. There are now increasing numbers yearly. Elementary school en- in the United States six times as many women teach- rollment in Illinois, according to figures compiled by ing as men . Grimm in the Illinois Teacher, has increased 17 per * * * cent in the past 17 years, while high school enroll- ment, during the same period, has increased 17 times According to the New York Times of March 28th, 17 per cent . This is costly, but more power to the the Ricca Salary Bill, increasing the salaries of New youngsters who go on through the high schools. York City school teachers, provides , by state legis- * * * lative enactment, for salary increases in New York City averaging about 20 per cent for all members The Russell Sage Foundation tells us that while of the force from Superintendent down. The total population has multiplied by three, school enrollment cost of these increases will be $11,500,000. The has multiplied by four and school costs have multi- same law increases the provision for pensions about plied by twelve. Fireproof buildings, space for rec- $4,000,000, making the last five years instead of the reation and laboratory equipment have formed a last ten years the basis for the annuity after thirty- vital part of these increased costs, but, in recognizing five years of service. Both houses of the legislature the necessity for increased costs, Illinois appears to passed the bill, unanimously, according to press re- have lagged behind. According to Dean Manches- ports . It is now awaiting the signature of Governor ter's figures, 43 states out of the 48 surpass Illinois Smith. Tales Told Out of School Teacher had been getting a fine bouquet every Make them fail ! Just stagger them ! " ( Incredible morning from a devoted young pupil. When the but true.) * * * child appeared, one day, without one she apologized : " I could not get any flowers this morning. The man In answering objections that his scheme of coun- was looking. " * * * cils would make the teachers timid when meeting in session with their principals, Superintendent Mc- Margaret Haley's BULLETIN "rebulleted," was one Andrew is quoted by the Daily News ( April 8) as teacher's comment. saying to the Board of Education : “If anyone * * * should be so inaccurate as to charge the Chicago teachers with general faults, timidity would not be School Principal to Teacher : " Miss X, you always one of them." address a person by name before making a remark * * * to him. Do you not know that Superintendent XX does not like that ? You are jeopardizing your posi- Milwaukee has lost fourteen teachers through tion." death since Christmas . Said a member of the Mil- * * * waukee School Board in commenting on the death of a beloved woman teacher, past middle age : "I A ten-year old girl who had been cited to appear think it is a good thing to get this old timber out of before the Chicago Juvenile Court came to school the schools. Why ! Just think of it ! Over fifty last week with four knives keenly sharpened. To her percent of the teachers now draw the maximum ! " teacher's question as to what she was going to do * * * with the knives, she replied : " One is for the prin- Milwaukee is making an experiment of the Platoon cipal ; one for the teacher ; one for the truant officer, system in one school alone, the Cass School . At and one for the boy who told on me." first it was expected to complete the findings on this * * * system this year, but now it is the announced inten- District Superintendent to School Principal : tion to continue the Cass School experiment for two " Stagger them ! Just stagger them ! Move them or three years before deciding whether the Platoon about ! Put the seventh grade teachers in the base- system should be carried further or abandoned alto- ment ! But the second grade teachers in the eighth ! gether. 6 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETİN (Continued from page 3. ) said twenty - four hours . It was finally agreed that Mr. appearances before the Board of Review on complaints filed . Ashton would be given twenty - four hours which he said "We are assured, however, by President Moderwell of the would be sufficient, and he further said he would be ready School Board and Mr. Greenebaum, that there is no inten- to start action in the courts if they would give him twenty- tion to limit his work, and that he may institute proceed- four hours before they turned over their books. That was ings and report new instances of gross under- valuation or on December 26 . take any other steps which he sees fit. " Last Friday, January 23rd, the Board of Review held a meeting, which I attended, and this is what happened: Mr. When I saw that in the Post I said, " Now, I shall assume Ashton appeared and the Board of Review announced that that I am wrong, that Mr. Ashton has been given unlimited it had added $ 2,000,000 to the full value of this 135 acres authority by the Board of Education , or at least the Board of Stock Yards land , making the total full value, as fixed intended to give it to him if the language of the resolution by the Board of Review, about $3,500,000, whereas, the ap- is not clear on that point; and instead of presenting to the praisement by the Stock Yards Company's own appraisers Board of Review a complaint which the Chicago Teachers ' showed the full value to be $18,000,000. Even on Assessor Federation had carefully prepared, together with the infor- mation on which to base the complaint, I presented all that Weber's basis of valuation namely, 75 % of actual full value, the Board of Review should have fixed the full value at not material to Mr. Ashton . Before doing this I was assured less than $13,000,000 instead of $3,500,000. by Mr. Ashton that he considered that he was clothed with authority to present that complaint and to proceed to the Mr. Ashton Threatens Mandamus. end with it. Therefore we turned over to him our complaint Mr. Ashton objected to this valuation and then and there against the assessment of 135 acres of Union Stock Yards showed me his petition for mandamus which he had brought Co. land which was assessed in 1923 by the assessors , and to the hearing ready to file against the Board of Review . confirmed by the Board of Review, at a full value of $ 11,000 Naturally I was interested and urged Mr. Ashton to lose no an acre, while the evidence of the Stock Yards' appraisers time but to proceed at once to file this petition in order that on file before the Department of Agriculture in Washington , he might get service on the Board of Review at once be- showed that the Stock Yards Co. claimed the value to be fore they turned their books over to the County Clerk. I $130,000.00 an acre . said , "You know they will turn those books over in twenty- four hours as agreed on December 26. " Mr. Ashton said he Teachers Offer Co -operation. was ready but that courtesy required him to consult the We furnished to Mr. Ashton, 307 pages of that record attorney for the Board of Education . certified from Washington ; and we paid for it. We fur- I reminded Mr. Ashton that two months before, when I nished an assistant attorney to Mr. Ashton and paid him turned that complaint over to him as special counsel for the $35.00 a day for the time he spent ; we paid for stenographic Board of Education to be filed in the name of the Board I and other services for him; we did everything to relied upon the assurance given by the President of the help Mr. Ashton get the complaint filed before the Board Board of Education and of Mr. Greenebaum, printed in the of Review against this assessment. We had all arrange- Post of November 29, that he had authority to proceed in ments made to file this complaint ourselves and to carry it the courts if the action of the Board of Review on the com- to the end. plaint was not satisfactory. When Mr. Ashton took that Mr. Ashton filed the complaint in the name of the Board complaint of the teachers and filed it in the name of the of Education and there was a hearing before the Board of Board of Education he told me he would bring mandamus Review on December 26th last . I have the stenographic proceedings against the Board of Review in the name of the record of that hearing during which I took occasion to ex- Board of Education if that assessment was not satisfactory . plain the relation of the Teachers' Federation in the mat- The stenographic record shows that Mr. Ashton made it ter of this complaint. I wish to make it perfectly clear that clear at the hearing before the Board of Review that he we were not interfering with the Board of Education, that intended so to do . we were trying to cooperate with the Board , to make effec- When I left Mr. Ashton at the foot of the stairs on the tive what the Board was trying to do, through Mr. Ashton . seventh floor of the County Building at noon on January The attorneys for the Stock Yards Company came before 23rd he was on his way to the eighth floor to file that peti- the Board of Review on Dec. 26. We have the record. tion and thereby secure the right of the Board of Education The record shows they admitted that the value of that to proceed in the Courts and test that case which was one ground is $130,000 an acre, that they are contending before of the best that could be found. A half hour later I learned the Department of Agriculture that this is the value, and to my amazement that instead of proceeding to the eighth that they intend to continue to insist that the Department floor to file his petition for mandamus Mr. Ashton had pro- of Agriculture permit them to make service rates to the public ceeded to Judge Torrison's Court to consult the Attorney for based on that valuation. Yet they demanded to pay taxes the Board of Education who was engaged in the hearing of a on a valuation of $11,000 an acre. case in that court. I proceeded at once to Judge Torrison's court and at one o'clock we had a conference in Judge Where Anarchy Comes From. Torrison's jury room at which Mr. Righeimer, Mr. Ashton, I do not wonder that men like John Fitzpatrick and those Mr. Winston, the attorney we had employed with Mr. Ash- he represents feel cynical about these things when a man ton's approval to work with him, Mr. Condee and myself representing the Stock Yards Co. stands up before a public were present. body like the Board of Review and in the presence of a room full of teachers demands a valuation of $11,000 an acre on Up Like a Rocket-Down Like a Stick. which to pay taxes and a valuation of $ 130,000 an acre as a Mr. Righeimer told Mr. Ashton at this conference that the basis for fixing service rates to the public. You do not need resolution adopted by the Board of Education on November to go to the Reds and the Bolsheviks to find out where the 26 gave no authority to file complaints before the Board of anarchy is coming from in this country. Review or to bring proceedings in the courts ; that he, Mr. A discussion took place at the conclusion of the hearing Righeimer, would have to consult the Board of Education as to how Mr. Ashton could protect the right of the Board in regard to signing that petition. I asked him if he would of Education to take this complaint to the courts in the have to have a meeting of the Board and he said he would event that the Board of Review failed to comply satisfac- have to see the President of the Board . He refused to give torily with the request to raise the assessment. Mr. Ashton Mr. Ashton authority to sign that petition and he did not had a petition for mandamus prepared, he had it in the sign it himself. That was all I heard until yesterday when room that day and showed it to me and he asked the Board Mr. Ashton called me up to tell me he had received the fol- of Review to give him time to file this petition if the action lowing letter from Mr. Righeimer: "Telephone Dearborn 9181-2 of the Board of Review was not satisfactory . BOARD OF EDUCATION Mr. Ashton made clear to the Board of Review that if it City of Chicago Law Department announced its assessment and then immediately turned its 79 West Monroe Street books over to the County Clerk he would not be able to start Frank S. Righeimer, Attorney proceedings in the courts on behalf of the Board of Edu- January 27, 1925 . cation. He told the Board of Review that it was his inten- Henry M. Ashton, Esq. , 50-138 N. LaSalle Street, tion to take the matter to the courts if the assessment was Chicago , Illinois . not satisfactory. There are several pages of discussion on My dear Mr. Ashton : that matter in the stenographic report . The Board of I have been engaged in court so that I have been unable Review asked how much time Mr. Ashton wanted and he to get in touch with you, but I felt that in view of what MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 7 you said to me the other day at Judge Torrison's that I Chicago newspaper on the third of last November and must make the following clear: then have it fall down . The resolution under which you were employed provided Now, this Stock Yards case has fallen down to the ground . for the appearance of an Attorney before the Board of We must start it all over again if it is started at all. The Review on complaints filed. The Board of Review having Board of Review on Jan. 23rd gave the Board of Education adjourned it follows that there is at present no authority the 24 hours-which your attorney on Dec. 26 asked, and at for your further employment. the end of 24 hours this Board of Education was not ready. Now, if the teachers have to go alone, as we have gone for Very sincerely yours , 25 years , we are ready to go alone, and we are ready to (Signed ) Frank S. Righeimer , fight it out; but I think that we ought not to have to go Attorney . " alone. I think the Board of Education and the teachers If that isn't going up like a rocket and coming down like both are necessary; there are only a few members of your a stick. I don't know. Board , but you have an enormous amount of power ; there is a vast number of teachers; but if we take the two to- Now, Mr. Chairman, I want to say that we started in to gether, the power of the teachers , and the power of this cooperate with the Board of Education in good faith to get Board , we could very soon put the money into the public the tax laws enforced , and when we had our own case of treasury. this kind and brought our own mandamus proceedings , some years ago , we filed our petition and we got service on the Board of Assessors, and we brought them to time. If the Ask Legislature for Relief. Board of Education had been ready, if Mr. Righeimer had There is an amendment to the constitution , which is to be been ready and his signature was on that petition, and if presented to the Legislature in a few days , agreed upon by that petition had been filed as soon as the Board of Review a large number of organizations, I think more than thirty; closed its hearing on Jan. 23, the Board of Education would there seems to be a coming together of all the forces, to try have a case against the Board of Review and we would to get that amendment to the state constitution, which have had the satisfaction of having the case thrashed out would put an entirely different foundation under our taxing in court. The proof is beyond question, that $ 130,000 an acre system, so we can proceed intelligently. If there is coopera- is the admitted value of that property of the Stock Yards tion we may be able to get that through this session of the Co. , while it is assessed now at about thirteen or fourteen legislature and then get it approved by the people . Without thousand dollars an acre. cooperation, that too may fail . I say, Mr. President, that that is what is the matter with Now, Mr. President, it is for cooperation I am pleading . the teachers and the work in the schools and why we have We have the Federation of Labor. There is no reason why crowding of the children and platooning of the children and we should not have the other bodies I referred to. We are all the rest of it,-we haven't the money. sick and tired of this tax - fixing and tax - dodging and the The Board of Education in its resolution of Nov. 26 made things that are coming out of it. A man left his desk a few a statement which is well worth remembering : days ago , closed it up and went out. He didn't even take "Whereas, Although there were increases in taxable his papers with him, he was so disgusted, I suppose he property in the City which, by conservative estimates , didn't want to put them on his person. When they went amounted to much more than $500,000,000 since the valu- to his desk and opened it up they found he was a tax- fixer, ations were made for the year 1921, there was, neverthe- and in four years as a tax- fixer he made enough money so less , in 1923 only about $ 80,000,000 added to the total that he moved into a $40,000 house the other day. He said assessed values for the City of Chicago beyond the he is out of that dirty business for the rest of his life. It is figures of 1921" : the moral side of this question that appeals to us ; the morals of the whole people are being perverted by this tax- Board's Action Fiasco . fixing and tax- dodging . We find that this resolution of the Board gave its special Schools Lose $6,000,000 Yearly. counsel no authority to proceed to get the difference between that $500,000,000 and the $ 80,000,000 put on the tax books . I submit it is the responsibility of the Board of Education , That is $420,000,000 of property, and I insist, Mr. President, as set forth in its resolution, to take hold of this thing . that if this Board of Education, after laying the foundation , $500,000,000 you , yourselves , said, was the increase from saying it had authority, and that it was its right to proceed 1921 to 1923. $ 80,000,000 got on the tax books. $420,000,000 before the Board of Review had, in fact, acted on that escaped. Four per cent of that is $ 16,000,000. Take forty authority and with that right, it was within the power of per cent of that $16,000,000 and you have $6,000,000. You the Board of Education to demand and insist that that would have $ 6,000,000 annually to put into the School Fund. $420,000,000 be put on the tax books . If we can do that, You would not need to be crowding the children . instead of going after the children and increasing the size I submit, Mr. Chairman, that it is time that we did have of classes, you would have harmony in the schools and you this cooperation between the Board and the teachers , not would have co - operation from the teachers. against the children , but for the children , and against the The teachers know that if they have 48 children, or 54 tax - dodgers and against this tax situation. children, as some of them have now, that, notwithstanding what Mr. Henry may think about it, they will fall down . MR . SMΙΕΤΑΝΚΑ : I would like to ask Miss Haley, Then a superintendent of schools can come along from whether she really meant, you might have made the re- somewhere or nowhere , and tell the teachers that they are mark in the enthusiasm of your argument, that the school falling down, and the teachers get the blame. The super- teachers were not making good ? intendent does not get the blame ; his assistants do not get MISS HALEY : No , I did not. The school teachers can it: the next row down in the hierarchy does not get it; make good if they are allowed to go alone. They can make neither does the next. The people that are officially blamed good; and they can make good in cooperation with the are the teachers in the school rooms . They are the ones Board of Education; but neither one of us can make good who carry the burden; they are the ones that are held if we attempt that kind of cooperation; if we attempt to responsible; and, Mr. President, the teachers do feel that cooperate with you and you fall down. If you stayed out responsibility, they feel it keenly. When Mr. Wright comes of it, we might have done it ourselves, but you neither here and says the schools are not making good ; they know stayed out of it nor went into it. it is true. Teachers know that they cannot teach 48 or 54 children, they cannot teach 45 as they should. They are MR. SMIEΤΑΝΚΑ : It might be interesting to you to have not teaching school, they are keeping school; and we feel this information imparted, that the Board plans to establish a Tax Bureau. that it is a wrong state of affairs . We feel that if the Board of Education would take hold MISS HALEY : Yes , I heard you did, Mr. Chairman , I of this tax matter, take hold of it in good faith, adopt a would like to say if your Tax Bureau does not do a great resolution that has teeth in it, and ask for the cooperation deal better than you did in this last effort, it will not get of the teachers the Board would see how quickly it would the confidence of the people. You will have a whole lot of get it; but we do not want sham cooperation ; we do not work to establish that confidence, because there was a want to spend $8,000 advertising a case like that Stock clean - cut case; all this Board had to do was to instruct Yards assessment, as we did advertise that case in all the Mr. Righeimer to proceed and file that petition . All Mr. 8 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Righeimer had to do was to sign his name to it , and that poses. There would have been no defense whatever for us petition was filed, that case was in court. to do such a thing as that. I had no way of knowing that MR. SMIΕΤΑΝΚΑ : Well, couldn't you have signed that Mr. Righeimer would not give his signature before the end petition? of the day. Why should I assume that they were not act- ing in good faith ? Mr. Righeimer had all the time from MISS HALEY : No , I am not considered a tax payer for the 26th of December, the day of the hearing, until the 23rd the purpose of bringing a tax payer's law suit. I own no of January, to get the consent of this Board. He knew Mr. real estate and therefore I would not be permitted to bring Ashton wanted to file the petition. Why didn't he find out a tax payer's suit . in that 27 days ? Why this delay ? MR. SMIETANKA: The situation could have been saved MR . SMIETANKA : Are you sure Mr. Ashton wanted to by calling upon any tax payer . file that petition ? MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I am glad Mr. Smietanka MISS HALEY : No ; I don't know anything about what raised that point. That is what I told Mr. Righeimer the Mr. Ashton wanted to do. All I know about what anybody day we had the conference, the 23rd of January . I told wants to do is what he says . Mr. Righeimer we did not want to interfere. If we went MR . FITZPATRICK: The bad situation was that Ashton , in and filed the petition that day, while Mr. Righeimer was being a tax expert, was not in position to fire Righeimer, withholding his judgment, waiting to consult members of instead of Righeimer being in position to fire Ashton. the Board, if we filed a petition we would have been insult- I would like to present the Secretary of the Chicago Fed- ing the Board ; we would have been working at cross pur- eration of Labor, Mr. Nockels . Senate Hearing On Tax Amendment On Wednesday, April 1 , a hearing was held in As a member of the Committee of Seven, I at- Springfield before the Committee of the Whole of tended the hearing and called attention to one the State Senate on the proposed amendment to the omitted point, namely, that unless this Amendment Revenue Article of the State Constitution providing is approved by this session of the Legislature there for the classification of property and incomes for will be no relief from this source for six years be- taxing purposes, Senate Joint Resolution No. 4. cause it is impossible to get an amendment adopted A conference was called together by the Illinois by the people in 1928 which is presidential year. Educational Commission which had been appointed On the same day, April 1 , Senator James E. Mc- by Governor Small in January, 1924. This Confer- Murray introduced a Joint Resolution providing for ence consisted of representatives of the following or- an amendment to the Revenue Article of the Consti- ganizations : Illinois Agricultural Association, Illi- tution giving the Legislature power to classify per- nois Bankers' Association, Illinois Federation of sonal property for taxing purposes . This Resolution Women's Clubs, Illinois League of Women Voters, was referred to the Executive Committee of the Sen- Illinois State Bar Association, Illinois Federation of ate and there will be a hearing on this amendment . Labor, Illinois Chamber of Commerce, Chicago As- An amendment classifying personal property for sociation of Commerce, City Club of Chicago, Wom- taxation purposes was submitted to the voters in en's City Club of Chicago, Chicago Principals' Club, 1916 and defeated. Chicago Teachers' Federation, Union League Club, No action was taken by the Committee. Building Managers' Association, Tenants' League, MARGARET A. HALEY . Civic Federation of Chicago, Chicago Real Estate Board, Cook County Real Estate Board, Farm Mort- gage Bankers' Association, Investment Bankers' As- SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO . 4. sociation, Lions Club and American Railway Asso- This resolution was introduced in the Senate by Senator ciation. A Committee of Seven authorized by this Lantz on March 10, 1925, referred to the Executive Com- Conference drafted this amendment and it was in- mittee of the Senate, and on April 1, 1925, there was a hearing on it before the Senate Committee of the Whole . troduced into the Senate by Senator Lantz and was Resolved, by the Senate of the State of Illinois , the House referred to the Executive Committee. of Representatives concurring therein: That there shall be submitted to the electors of this state for adoption or rejec- The hearing was called by the Executive Commit- tion at the next election of members of the General Assem- tee of the Senate . Edward E. Gore of the Illinois bly of the State of Illinois, in the manner provided by law , Chamber of Commerce , C. W. Boyden of the Illi- a proposition to amend Article IX of the constitution by adding thereto an additional section to be known as Section nois Bankers' Association, Mr. Everingham of the 14 of Article IX, as follows : Illinois Agricultural Association, R. C. Moore of the Section 14. From and after the date when this section Illinois State Teachers' Association, Victor A. shall be in force, the General Assembly shall have authority Olander of the Illinois Federation of Labor, and to provide by general law for the levy and collection of Douglas Sutherland of the Civic Federation all com- taxes for public purposes upon persons, property and income, free from the limitation contained in section one (1) , three mitted themselves and their organizations definitely (3), and nine ( 9) and ten (10) of this article. Taxes levied to the proposed amendment. Other speakers who under the authority of this section shall be uniform upon favored it were Max Murdock, attorney for the Illi- all persons, property or income of the same class . Exemp- nois Real Estate Association ; Mr. Watson of the tions from taxation may be established only by general law. This section shall not affect existing exemptions established Illinois Agricultural Association and Walter F. by law under the authority of section 3 of this article . Dodd, who was Chairman of the Conference which Taxes by valuation under the authority of this section shall drafted the measure . be based upon a value to be ascertained by some person or persons to be elected or appointed in such a manner as the Jacob Lyle Vette of the Chicago Real Estate General Assembly shall direct, and not otherwise. No bill Board and Jacob Viner for the City Club of Chicago for the imposition, continuance or revival of a tax under the suggested changes in the Amendment. Mr. Viner authority of this section, or for the establishment of exemp- said that he would favor this as it was rather than tions under the authority of this section, shall become a law without the concurrence of three-fifths of the members have no amendment adopted by this Legislature. elected to each House . Salary Number Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin VOL . II . 100 CHICAGO, ILL, APRIL 16, 1925 No. 2 When a Feller Needs a Friend With apologies to Briggs RY TA AL M EN IP E C EL RIN P ARY T L MEN IPA ELREINC P L PA CI TAX- FIXER IN PR. H.S THE CLASS-ROOM TEACHER PROPOS T ED 6SALHAERYSCHEDULE Class Room Teacher: " Oh, Santa Claus, don't I get my maximum, too ? " Santa Claus: "No, little girl, there are too many of you ! " 2 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Twenty-Eight Years of Ups and Downs in Maximum Yearly Salary ACTUALLY PAID 2,500 to 3,400 Experienced Elementary Chicago Teachers From 1897 to 1925 The ups and downs of salaries of elementary in February, 1914 ; payment suspended during 1914 school teachers in Chicago would seem incredible and 1915 ; abolished in 1916 ; restored and paid in were it not a matter of record. Paper schedules , 1918. This pre-war maximum of $ 1,500 was in- promises of salaries to be paid some time in the creased to $ 1,600 in June, 1919—an increase of less future mean very little to the teachers in the primary than seven percent. and grammar grades of the City of Chicago . Read The table below shows the various maximums for the record . Elementary Teachers established, published and Twenty-eight years of ups and downs in maximum maintained on the records of the Board of Educa- yearly salaries actually paid 2,500 experienced Ele- mentary Chicago teachers from 1897 to 1925 are tion from 1897 to 1925, inclusive, and the number given below : of teachers actually paid the then existing maximum PRIMARY GRAMMAR in each of these 28 years . 1897 ........ $ 800 $ 825 Maximum No. Paid 1898 . 875 900 Raised $75 Year Salary Maximum 1899..... 875 900 Increase due withheld 1897 2,500 teachers $800 and $ 825 66 1900 ...... 800 825 CUT $75 1898 . 0 1,000 " 1901 . 875 900 Raised $75 1899 . 0 1,000 1902 ... 800 825 CUT $75 1900 . 1,000 0 66 1903 .. 850 875 Raised $50 1901.. 1,000 0 " 1904 ... 850 875 Stationary, lower than 1898 825 2,500 66 1902 Jan.-July.... $800 and 66 1905 ... 850 875 Stationary, lower than 1898 900 0 1902 July- Dec ..... " 1906 ....... 850 875 Stationary, lower than 1898 1903 Jan. 1,000* 0 “ 1907 ( Feb. ) . 900 925 Raised $50 1904... 1,000 0 1907 ( June ) 850 875 CUT $50, lower than 1898 1905 . 1,000 61 66 " 1908 ( Jan. ) . 875 900 Raised $25, back to 1898 1906 .. 1,000 219 1908 ( May ) . 925 950 Adv. to 8th yr. of schedule* 1907 1,000 493 " 1909 ....... 975 1000 Adv. to 9th yr. of schedule 1908. 1,025 864 66 1910...... 1075 1100 Adv. to 10th yr. of schedule 1909 1,025 989 1911 ........ 1075 1100 Stationary 1910 .. 1,100 2,600 " 1912 .. 1175 1200 Raised. $100 1911 1,100 2,600 " 1913 ..... 1175 1200 Stationary 1912. 1,200 2,600 66 1914 ...... 1235 1260 Raised $60 1913 .. 1,200 2,600 66 1915 .. 1235 1260 Stationary 1914. 1,500 0 66 1916 ....... 1355 1380 $240 increase due, $120 paid 1915 1,500 0 66 1917 ........ 1355 1380 $120 inc. due in 1916 withheld 1916 .. 1,380 2,600 66 1918 . 1475 1500 $120 increase due in 1916 paid 1917 1,380 2,700 1919 .... 1575 1600 Raised $100 and paid 1918 . 1,500 2,765 66 1920 .. 1975 2000 Raised $400 and actually paid 1919 1,600 2,765 66 1921 . 1975 2000 Stationary-but actually paid 1920 . " 2,000 2,800 1922 .. 2500 2500 Raised $500, in effect Sept. 1 . 1921 . 2,900 66 2,000 1923 .. 2500 2500 Stationary-but actually paid 1 1922. 2,500 3,100 1924 . 2500 2500 Stationary-but actually paid 1923 " 2,500 3,150 1925 .. 2500 2500 Stationary, paid to date, April 1924. " 2,500 3,200 16, 1925 1925 . 2,500 3,339 " *NOTE- The salary promotional scheme adopted in July, 1902, kept 1,600 of the 2,500 experienced elementary teachers at the 7th year of the 10-year salary schedule for six years NOTE. In addition to these 3,339 "regular" ele- --from July, 1902 , to May, 1908 . mentary teachers, that is teachers from Kindergarten A maximum salary of $ 1,000 for all Elementary to 7th grade inclusive, receiving $2,500, there are, at Teachers was adopted by the Chicago Board of Edu- date (April 16, 1925) 959 elementary teachers re- cation in 1898 ; payment suspended in 1899, and ceiving a special maximum ranging from $50 to $250 above this maximum of $2,500. This makes again in 1900 and in 1901 ; abolished in February, a total of 4,298 elementary teachers at the maximum 1902 ; restored in January, 1903. But this maximum salary, or 50 per cent of the total number of teach- was not paid until 1905, and then to only 61 of the 2,500 Elementary Teachers of ten or more years' ers in the elementary schools . *NOTE- The payment , in July, 1902 , of $597,033.97 of pub- experience, the entire 2,500 not getting the maxi- lic-utility corporation back taxes for 1900 , and a like sum mum until May, 1910, by which time it had been annually thereafter-the result of the Chicago Teachers' Fed- increased to $ 1,100. eration tax suit-followed by the Federation's suit against the Board of Education to secure for the teachers some A maximum salary of $1,500 for Elementary benefit from this additional revenue , accounts for the restor- Teachers was established by the Board of Education ation of the $1,000 maximum in January, 1903. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 3. The Proposed Salary Schedule Robbing Peter To Pay Paul What the Proposed Salary Schedule does : room teachers now in the "lower group" of the 1. Cuts off $300 to $1,175 from the aggregate chedule, about 30 per cent of the entire force. salary now paid every entering class room teacher 5. Increases, this year, from $ 1,000 to $ 1,200, for the first five years, in the " lower group " of the the salaries of all principals in the "lower group" and schedule . from $950 to $1,350 all in the "upper group. " This 2. Adds $5,500 each to the aggregate salary of has been recommended by the Superintendent. entering principals for the five years of the " lower 6. Cuts the salaries of more than 1,500 teachers group" of their schedule. now in the "lower group " of the schedules unless 3. Piles up higher salaries at the maximum of the some positive action is taken by the Board of Edu- schedules with no assurance that the large group cation to keep the present schedules of these teachers of experienced class room teachers, now 50 per cent in force three or more years . This has been sug- of the entire body, who are now at the maximum of gested by the Superintendent. their schedules, will be allowed to reach these new The experience of elementary teachers in the last maximum salaries or that there will be any money to 28 years as shown by accompanying tables should pay it if they do. be a warning against the adoption of maximum 4. Provides no increase in salary for any class salaries which are not put into force when adopted. The Larger the Group, the Smaller the Salary 8,602 Elementary Teachers 266 Elementary Principals 2,466 High School Teachers Comparative Size of the Three Main Groups of Teachers in the Chicago Schools Comprising 11,334 of the Tota 12,102 Members of the Education Department . Elementary Teachers Elementary Principals Table Table 1 LOWER GROUP 2 LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $1500 $ 1500 $1500 $1500 0 0 1 $4000 $4000 $3000 $3000 $1000 0 2 1550 3050 1625 3125 0 $75 2 4250 8250 3200 6200 2050 0 3 1600 4650 1750 4875 0 225 3 4500 12750 3400 9600 3150 0 4 1800 6450 1875 6750 0 300 4 4750 17500 3600 13200 4300 0 5 2000 8450 2000 8750 0 300 5 5000 22500 3800 17000 5500 0 UPPER GROUP . UPPER GROUP . 6 2250 10700 2125 10875 0 175 6 5250 27750 4000 21000 6750 0 7 2500 13200 2250 13125 $75 0 7 5500 33250 4200 25200 8050 0 8 2750 15950 2375 15500 450 0 8 5750 39000 4400 29600 9400 0 9 3000 18950 2500 18000 950 0 9 6000 45000 4600 34200 10800 0 10 3250 22200 2500 20500 1700 0 10 6250 51250 4800 39000 12250 0 "To Him That Hath Shall Be Given" 4 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S " Once burnt, twice shy," says the old adage. This WEEKLY BULLETIN is the case in Chicago. The elementary teachers have seen salary schedules before this, beautifully MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher drawn, a few salaries at the top securely fastened down, and then have heard the cry, "No money," and have found themselves with salaries cut and no MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly during the year, excepting the months of July and August, and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. redress . Over and over again this has happened Haley. and Chicago teachers have learned to ask, " Where THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One is the money coming from ?" before they become Dollar for 3 months. Single copies, 10 Cents . enamoured of a proposed salary increase. ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current Twenty-five years ago Chicago teachers discovered issue. that the trouble with school revenues lies in the huge ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- amount of property which is escaping taxation. For able to the order of twenty-five years they have hammered on this theme. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American They are still hammering on it. A mass meeting Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , at the Auditorium Theatre, October 3rd, 1924, speaks Chicago for itself. There, a statement was presented on the Phone Central 3904 "alarming shortage of funds due to failure to enforce the tax laws. " This statement was signed by the Presidents, respectively, of the Chicago Teachers' The Salary Schedule Federation, the Chicago Federation of Men Teachers The proposed salary schedule is still before the and the Chicago Federation of Women High School Finance Committee of the Board of Education. The Teachers . The statement contained the following Committee is to meet on Saturday, April 18, when paragraph : it is expected the schedule will be considered. The "The teachers have worked and will continue statement of April 6, from the Chicago Teachers ' to work to secure revision of our antiquated tax Federation to the Board of Education in regard to laws. Pending such revision, we will continue this schedule, was printed in the BULLETIN last week . to insist that the present laws be enforced so It was presented to the Board at its meeting on that the needed revenue may be secured with- April 8 and was referred to the Finance Committee. out increasing the tax rate.” A communication requesting a hearing, together A copy of this statement was delivered to the with a supplemental statement in regard to this Mayor by a Committee from the meeting. schedule, was sent to the Chairman of the Finance Committee and copies were sent to members of the The DesMoines Register of April 11 reports that Board. it has received hundreds of congratulatory letters This supplemental statement is reproduced here in commending its course in segregating crime news full on pages 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8. on an inside page. Following is the communication : We need a subscription list of 5,000. When we CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION . get such a list we can get second class mailing privi- leges and mail 5,000 BULLETINS for $ 1.25 whereas Office 1335, 127 N. Dearborn St. now they cost $75 to mail. Send in your subscrip- Telephone Central 3904 . tion and ask others to do the same. The price is Mr. Julius F. Smietanka, only $1 for the rest of this school year. Chairman of Committee on Finance, Regular meetings of the Chicago Teachers' Fed- Board of Education, eration will be held in Corinthian Hall, 17th floor, 650 S. Clark St. , Chicago . Capitol Building, corner of State and Randolph, on Dear Mr. Smietanka : the second Saturday of the school month, at 10:30 The statement herewith in regard to the proposed a. m. The next meeting will be on the 16th of May. Salary Schedule for teachers presented to the Board of Education, March 11, 1925, and referred to the The National Baby Congress and Health Exposition of the Illinois State Medical Society, a not- for -profit exposi- Committee on Finance on that day, is respectfully tion of positive health building and not in any sense a submitted. "disease show," is to be held at the American Exposition This statement is supplemental to the one adopted Palace, 666 Lake Shore Drive, during "National Baby by the Chicago Teachers' Federation on April 6, Week, May 2 to 9th, inclusive. Through the courtesy of the special committee of super- which we submitted to the Board of Education on vision of the Illinois State Medical Society, special com- April 8, and referred to the Committee on Finance plimentary " Teachers' Tickets"-two for each and every on that date . member of the Chicago Teachers' Federation-are being My request of April 7, on behalf of the Chicago printed and will be available for distribution Saturday, April 25, at the offices of the Federation, 127 North Dear- Teachers' Federation for a hearing before the Com- born Street. mittee on Finance when the Committee takes up this There are to be some sixty educational health exhibits Schedule for consideration, is hereby respectfully on display during the eight days of the National Baby Con- renewed. gress and Health Exposition. There will also be three huge health competitions for babies, children of school age, Yours truly, 6 to 16 years, and for adults above 18, and all are to be MARGARET A. HALEY, conducted in conformity with the strictest ethical standards and scoring system of the Illinois and American Medical Business Representative . Associations . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 5 Graph showing number of Elementary Teachers in each year of the Salary Schedule, April, 1925 No. Year in Teachers Schedule 4,298 9th The long line above shows the large number of elementary teachers-half the total in the ninth year of service, or over. 342 8th All these are at the maximum salary now. This is the long line of teachers that has always been kept on the short side of the payroll when the " funds were short. " This is the " long line ” that needs to stop and ask, "Where 511 7th is the money coming from ? ” This large group stands alone in its experience —twice re- peated in 28 years of having had a maximum salary adopted, its payment suspended for years , finally repealed, later re- 544 6th adopted but after readoption not paid for another long period of years , and when finally paid, the payment of the long de-- ferred maximum made another occasion for raising the salar- ies of the higher paid small groups-the original adoption and 955 5th the readoption of the maximum having furnished two other occasions for two previous raises in the salaries of the small groups . The combination of secret marking and the arbitrary 595 4th power given to the Board of Examiners in the proposed sal- ary schedule of 1925 , makes it possible to hold back teachers in the "lower group" from advancement into the “ upper group " of their salary schedule . This was done when this 453 3rd " promotional" scheme was established in 1902 with the result that in 1905 only 61 out of a total of 2,500 experienced ele- mentary teachers were found to be on the maximum salary three years after this "promotional” scheme was put into effect. 400 2nd Between the combination of the "promotional scheme" and perennial lack of money, these 2,500 experienced ele- mentary teachers had to wait twelve years after they got a maximum of $ 1,000 adopted by the Board of Education to get 504 1st this maximum paid. While the small groups , on the higher salaries were paid the maximum, the large group had to wait. 8,602- Total No. Elementary Teachers, regular and special, in April, 1925. The Chicago Teachers' Federation has on hand reply to the four volumes on the costs of Illinois pamphlets which it will send out, free, if addressed schools published by the Educational Finance In- and stamped ( large) envelope is received. Four quiry Commission. Dean Manchester waives the leaflets relating to Overcrowding in Schools are as point that this Commission is financed by great follows : Mrs. Snaffy and the Gary System, by Foundations and that the authors of these four Elizabeth A. Everett ; Report on Detroit Platoon volumes are closely connected with the Chicago Uni- School, by Nine Chicago Teachers ; Report Recom- versity. Purely on the merits of their argument he mending Larger Classes in the Elementary Schools, points out that the cheapening of the public schools by Nelson B. Henry ; Minority Report on Platoon for which they are contending is an object based on Plan of Elementary School Organization, by Rose an entire misconception of the place of the public A. Pesta. Other pamphlets are : Recent Criticisms school in the present social scheme and in the hearts of Our Schools, by Dean O. L. Manchester ; Pro- of the people. Not cheaper but much more ex- posal to Establish Junior High Schools in Chicago, pensive will be the schools of the future. The BUL- by Chicago Educational Commission ; The Platoon LETIN has a quantity of these pamphlets for distri- School, ( minority report by teacher members of bution. committee appointed by superintendent of Milwau- kee schools) . The Board of Claims of the Teachers' Relief The pamphlet, "Recent Criticisms of Our Fund reports that the increase in the sick benefits Schools," by Dean O. L. Manchester, president of being paid to teachers shows an appalling breakdown the Illinois Teachers' Association, is a convincing of teachers under the strain at present. 6 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Excerpts from Superintendent's Report (page 842), tion mark below seventy shall be considered ; and Section II, Par. 2 . provided, that if a candidate divides the examina- tion, the paper taken in the professional part shall not be credited in the final average unless the mark GROUPS. No teacher shall be advanced beyond secured in such paper shall be eighty per cent or the maximum salary of a lower group unless and over . until he shall have complied with the three follow- ing requirements : Page 843, Section II, Par. 4. 1. He shall have served one year at the maximum NO SALARIES REDUCED . On passing to new schedules, provision should be made whereby pres- salary of the lower group. ent teachers who would suffer diminution of salary 2. He shall have received an efficiency rating of by loss of bonuses, etc., should continue on their present schedule, until they reach a year in which " satisfactory, " " excellent " or " superior," the old schedule is less than the new, at which time for the year immediately preceding, as shown they should pass automatically at the beginning of by the records in the office of the Superin- such a year to the new schedule. Some such provi- tendent. sion as the following should be made a part of the schedule : 3. He shall have met one of the following condi- No one teaching in the public schools of the City tions : of Chicago on January 1, 1925, shall, by the opera- (a) He shall have passed the principal's ex- tion of this schedule designated February, 1925, suf- amination, and shall hold an elementary fer any diminution in salary, but shall continue to principal's certificate. be paid the salary of the schedule in force January 1, 1925, and shall continue to receive such bonuses (b) He shall have passed the examination for as on January 1, 1925, appertain to various posi- a general certificate to teach in the high tions and years, until such persons reach a year of schools . service at which the schedule of January 1, 1925, at yearly pay plus bonuses, if any, is less than the (c) He shall have passed the examination in yearly pay for the corresponding year in the salary professional study, and shall hold a cer- schedule designated February, 1925, at which time tificate to teach music, drawing, physical such person shall enter upon the new Salary Sched- education, manual training, or household ule designated February, 1925. arts, upon which he has not already re- Excerpts from Page 845, Section VII . ceived an assignment, to teach any of the (Paragraph 2. ) subjects mentioned in this paragraph . (d) He shall present certification from accred- GROUPS. Elementary principals who have served a year at the maximum salary of the lower group ited institutions for five study courses cor- and whose efficiency for the year immediately pre- responding to five college majors, ap- ceding, as shown by the records in the Superin- proved by the Board of Examiners . tendent's office is good, excellent, or superior, shall ( e) He shall have written both a paper in pro- be eligible to promotion to the upper group upon attaining a mark of eighty per cent, or more, in an fessional study and in an academic sub- examination in professional work, including school ject, required in the promotional examina- administration, psychology, educational principles tion, and shall have attained an average and methods, and the history of education. This of eighty per cent or more. paper shall be distinct from that written by any other group. Accredited study courses shall not The academic paper may be in any one of the be substituted for this examination. subjects named below and shall cover work superior in grade to that of the course in the high school. (Paragraph 4. ) English language and literature ; general history ; APPLICATION OF NEW SCHEDULE FOR physical science ; foreign languages ( Latin or Greek ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS . or German or French or Spanish ) ; arithmetic, al- gebra, and geometry ; geography and physiography ; It is recommended that each principal of an ele- drawing, music, manual training, household arts , mentary school shall pass to the schedule for the household science, physical education, including same year of service as he or she is credited with physiology, anatomy and the theory of gymnastics. at the time of the adoption of this salary report, (Note : A practical test may be given as part of and shall receive the new salary of that year con- the examination in music, manual training, house- tained in this " February , 1925, Salary Schedule , hold arts, household science and physical educa- Elementary Principals, " except that no principal tion. Teachers of special subjects shall not select shall be advanced during the year 1925 beyond the the subject which they teach as the subjects of their eighth year of this salary schedule. academic papers. ) (Note : Elementary Principals in schools having An average of eighty per cent shall be required 50 or more teachers will have one year added to the for passing these tests ; provided, that no examina- schedule with a maximum of $6,500. ) MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 7 Comparisons of Gains and Losses to Principals and Teachers and of Aggregate (Cumulative) Salaries in the Chicago Public Schools if the Proposed Salary Schedule is Adopted. Table 3 Table 4 Teachers of Manual Training and Physical Assistant to Principals, Elementary and Education . Head Teachers of the Deaf. LOWER GROUP . LOWER GROUP . Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $ 1500 $1500 $1750 $1750 0 $250 1 $ 1750 $1750 $1750 $1750 0 0 2 1550 3050 1875 3625 0 575 2 1800 3550 1875 3625 0 $ 75 3 1600 4650 2000 5625 0 975 3 2000 0 225 1850 5400 5625 4 1800 6450 2125 7750 0 1300 4 2050 7450 2125 7750 0 300 5 2000 8450 2250 10000 0 1550 9700 0 300 5 2250 2250 10000 UPPER GROUP . UPPER GROUP . 6 2250 10700 2375 12375 0 1675 6 2500 12200 2375 12375 0 175 7 2500 13200 2500 14875 0 1675 7 2750 14950 2500 14875 75 0 8 2750 15950 2625 17500 0 1550 8 3000 17950 2625 17500 450 0 9 3000 18950 2750 20250 0 1300 9 3250 21200 2750 20250 950 0 10 3250 22200 2750 23000 0 800 10 3500 24700 2750 23000 1700 0 (Note : This group has no gain until the twelfth year.) Table 5 Table 6 Teachers of Household Arts, Chicago and Teachers of Eighth Grade, Science, Printing, C. C. S. School for Boys and Juvenile De- Subnormal, Aenemic, Epileptic, Home for linquent Homes . Girls, Hospital, Open Air, and Adults . LOWER GROUP . LOWER GROUP . Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative! Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $ 1500 $ 1500 $1700 $1700 0 $200 1 $1500 $1500 $1600 $1600 0 $100 2 1550 3050 1825 3525 0 475 2 1550 3050 1725 3325 0 275 3 1600 4650 1950 5475 0 825 3 1600 4650 1850 5175 0 525 4 1800 6450 2075 7550 0 1100 4 1800 6450 1975 7150 0 700 5 2000 8450 2200 9750 0 1300 5 2000 8450 2100 9250 0 800 UPPER GROUP . UPPER GROUP . 6 2250 10700 2325 12075 0 1375 6 2250 10700 2225 11475 0 775 7 2500 13200 2450 14525 0 1325 7 2500 13200 2350 13825 0 625 8 2750 15950 2575 17100 0 1150 8 2750 15950 2475 16300 0 350 9 3000 18950 2700 19800 0 850 9 3000 18950 2600 18900 50 0 10 3250 22200 2700 22500 0 300 10 3250 22200 2600 21500 700 0 (Note : This group has no gain until the eleventh year.) 8 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Table 7 Table 8 Junior High School Teachers Junior High Principals LOWER GROUP LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu Cumu Year Cumu- of Cumu Cumu- Cumu- Proposed lative Present lative lative lative of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $1800 $1800 $ 1800 $ 1800 0 0 1 $4250 $ 4250 $ 3600 $ 3600 $650 0 2 1900 3700 2000 3800 0 $100 2 4500 8750 3800 7400 1350 0 3 2000 5700 2200 6000 0 300 3 4750 13500 4000 11400 2100 0 4 2200 7900 2400 8400 0 500 4 5000 18500 4200 15600 2900 0 5 2400 10300 2550 10950 0 650 5 5250 23750 4400 20000 3750 0 UPPER GROUP UPPER GROUP 6 2700 13000 2700 13650 0 650 6 5500 29250 4600 24600 4650 0 7 3000 16000 2850 16500 0 500 7 5750 35000 4800 29400 5600 0 8 3300 19300 3000 19500 0 200 8 6000 41000 5000 34400 6600 0 9 3700 23000 3150 22650 $ 350 0 9 6250 47250 5200 39600 7650 0 10 4100 27100 3300 25950 1150 0 10 6500 53750 5400 45000 8750 0 Table 9 Table 10 High School Teachers-General Senior High Principals Certificate ONE GROUP ONLY LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Year of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Cumu- Cumu Cumu Cumu- Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $5000 $ 5000 $ 4300 $4300 $ 700 0 1 $2000 $ 2000 $ 2000 $2000 0 0 2 5500 10500 4500 8800 1700 0 2 2100 4100 2200 4200 0 3 6000 16500 4700 13500 3000 0 $ 100 3 2200 6300 2400 6600 0 300 4 6500 23000 4900 18400 4600 0 4 2450 8750 2600 9200 0 450 5 7000 30000 5100 23500 6500 0 5 2700 11450 2800 12000 0 550 6 7500 37500 5300 28800 8700 0 7 7500 45000 5500 34300 10700 0 UPPER GROUP 6 3100 14550 3000 15000 0 450 8 7500 52500 5700 40000 12500 0 7 3500 18050 3200 18200 0 150 (Note : Maximum for Principals of Schools hav- 8 3900 21950 3400 21600 $ 350 0 ing less than one hundred teachers to be $ 7000 . 9 4300 26250 3600 25200 1050 0 Maximum for Principals having one hundred or 10 4700 30950 3800 29000 1950 0 more teachers to be $7500. ) Table 11 Table 12 High School Teachers-Limited Certificate Teachers of Deaf, Crippled and Truants LOWER GROUP LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $ 1300 $ 1800 $ 1800 $ 1800 0 0 1 $1500 $ 1500 $ 1675 $1675 0 $175 2 1900 3700 2000 3800 0 $100 2 1550 3050 1800 3475 0 425 3 2000 5700 2200 6000 0 300 3 1600 4650 1925 5400 0 750 4 2200 7900 2400 8400 0 500 4 1300 6450 2050 7450 0 1000 5 2400 10300 2550 10950 0 650 5 2000 8450 2175 9625 0 1175 UPPER GROUP UPPER GROUP 6 2700 13000 2700 13650 0 650 6 2250 10700 2300 11925 0 1225 7 3000 16000 2850 16500 0 500 7 2500 13200 2425 14350 0 1150 8 3300 19300 3000 19500 0 200 8 2750 15950 2550 16900 0 950 9 3600 22900 3150 22650 $ 250 0 9 3000 18950 2675 19575 0 625 10 3900 26800 3300 25950 850 0 10 3250 22200 2675 22250 0 50 Table 13 Teachers of Blind, Correction of Speech, and Parental School Teachers UPPER GROUP LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu Cumu- Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $1500 $ 1500 $ 1550 $ 1550 0 $50 6 2250 10700 2175 11175 0 475 2 1550 3050 1675 3225 0 175 7 2500 13200 2300 13475 0 275 3 1600 4650 1800 5025 0 375 8 2750 15950 2425 15900 $50 0 4 1800 6450 1925 6950 0 500 9 3000 18950 2550 18450 500 0 5 2000 8450 2050 9000 0 550 10 3250 22200 2550 21000 1200 0 Je6 '25 Special Salary Number Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin VOL . II . TRADESUNION COUNCIL 100 CHICACL CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 1, 1925 DOUBLE NO . 3 AND 4 Trustee Protests Illegal Delegation of Authority to Superintendent to Retard Salaries of Individuals . Excerpt from Statement of Trustee Mullenbach to Finance Committee of Board of Education, April 21 , 1925. I am not a member of this Committee, but I must make a protest here. We concur in matters without fully understanding them, and I never do it without hesitation. We passed this resolution without anybody seeing it the other day. There was a single copy in the hands of Mr. Henry in the office, and I find it contains matters I did not grasp when it was read or published here. Under this resolution the Superintendent is authorized by the Board to re- tard the salaries of the individuals. I did not catch that in the resolution, but it has come to my attention since, and there are two points about that. In the first place, the Board has no legal authority to delegate to the Super- intendent the right to alter the compensation of any individual in the system. That is a constitutional responsibility that rests upon the Board itself. In the second place, if we did delegate that right, I object to it seriously, be- cause it puts into the hands of one man the most terrible weapon against any particular individual in the system who might not please him. Conscientiously, I cannot vote for the resolution unless that is modified in some fashion - that must be taken out of it. (Complete Stenographic Report of Mr. Mullenbach's Statement on Next Page) 2 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Excerpts from Stenographic Report of the Proceedings of the Finance Committee of the Chicago Board of Education, April 21 , 1925 MR . MULLENBACH : I am not a member of an amendment. We thought in the language drawn this Committee, but I must make a protest here . it was pursuant to the instructions of the Committee This Committee has before it the most important at the previous meeting to draw a recommendation piece of legislation in this body for the coming year, or resolution so that the progress of teachers on the passing this budget and especially the teachers' sal- salary schedule above the present maximum salary, aries. It is a thing Mr. McAndrew professes to be Mr. Mullenbach, might be retarded if necessary to most interested it. He did not attend the meeting bring the total expenditures from the educational last Saturday, and is not at the meeting today. Per- fund within the amount that will be appropriated sonally, I don't know why this Board should be par- therefor. ticularly interested in the salary schedule. Mr. Mc- May I ask, Mr. Mullenbach, does not the resolu- Andrew is not ; he does not care to attend these tion you have in your hand state above the present meetings and answer questions regarding this sched- maximum ? It was certainly intended that it was ule. Why should we constantly have to refer to not to give the Superintendent discretionary power. Mr. Wight to go to Mr. McAndrew with a question ? For that matter, the wording might be changed. Why isn't he here to answer ? There are several things I want to speak about with your permission. MR. MULLENBACH : It says "that the Super- We concur in matters without fully understand- intendent shall be instructed to modify the schedule ing them, and I never do it without hesitation. We by retarding the rate of progress of individuals on passed this resolution without anybody seeing it the the schedule beyond the present maximum rate of other day. There was a single copy in the hands their respective groups to the extent necessary to of Mr. Henry in the office, and I find it contains keep the total expenditures within the educational matters I did not grasp when it was read or pub- fund from exceeding the borrowing power of the lished here. school district," and so on and so forth. Under this resolution the Superintendent is author- MR. HENRY : The language may be unfortu- ized by the Board to retard the salaries of the indi- nate, Mr. Mullenbach, but the intention of the Com- viduals . I did not catch that in the resolution, but mittee, I am sure, was that he was to specify a it has come to my attention since, and there are two particular class of teachers, namely, those who are points about that . to increase, and the retardation would apply only In the first place, the Board has no legal authority beyond the present rate, and I did not understand to delegate to the Superintendent the right to alter and I did not intend the wording to convey to the the compensation of any individual in the system . Superintendent discretionary power to apply to one individual and not to others . That is a constitutional responsibility that rests upon the Board itself. In working on that, I merely wanted to make clear what I understood was the intention of the In the second place, if we did delegate that right, I object to it seriously, because it puts into the hands members of the Committee. I merely tried to say of one man the most terrible weapon against any what I thought the Committee wanted me to say. particular individual in the system who might not If that is there, Mr. Mullenbach, then I am wrong please him. Conscientiously I cannot vote for the about it. resolution unless that is modified in some fashion- MR . MULLENBACH : I will have to look at it that must be taken out of it. more carefully. MR . GRIFFENHAGEN : Mr. Mullenbach, I MR.WIGHT : May I say a word ? Mr. Mullen- believe you misinterpret that resolution, if I under- bach speaks of the Superintendent not being here. stand what Mr. Henry wanted to put into the reso- Mr. McAndrew said to me this morning, "I am very lution. This does not mean they are to pass the busy ; if the Committee wants me, telephone me and resolution as originally drawn. It is proposed there I will come over. " He said, "As long as they can shall be an amendment so that the money cost may be get along without me I don't want to go there, be- reduced to come within the limits of the borrowing cause I have other things to do and want to be doing power. them." I don't want the Committee to feel Mr. Mc- MR. MULLENBACH : I know that was the Andrew is not interested in this schedule. He was theory of it, but that is not what it says . This says at the conference Saturday. the Superintendent may retard the salary of any THE CHAIRMAN : Would you care to go over individual . this with Mr. Henry ? MR . GRIFFENHAGEN : That is bad. THE SECRETARY : Madam Chairman, may I MR . MULLENBACH : This does not speak interject a word here ? about the retardation of a class or classifications . I THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. Gilbert. don't mind if you retard a group, if you have to do it, in order to save money ; but what I object to is THE SECRETARY : This resolution was adopt- the power of discrimination that this gives the Super- ed by the Committee Saturday. If there is any intendent. amendment to be made in the resolution, it seems to MR. HENRY : Just a word in explanation. It me the resolution has gone to all the members, and might be in order if Mr. Mullenbach would suggest (Continued on page 15.) MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 3 nce 2: When is a " Raise" Not a " Raise"? тат When There's a Cut at the Bottom and No Money at the Top At a meeting of the Finance Committee of the sponse to her request an amendment was recom- Chicago Board of Education, held on April 18, mended to the resolution mentioned above . Margaret A. Haley, Business Representative of the This amendment is embodied in the resolution Chicago Teachers' Federatoin, appeared and offered adopted by the Board of Education on April 27, an amendment to the proposed salary schedule then and constitutes the entire last paragraph of that before the Committee. A stenographic report of the resolution printed in this issue on page 7. proceedings ( in full) of that meeting is published below. This amendment protects from loss of salary all class room teachers ( High, Junior High and Ele- A resolution, adopted at that meeting of the mentary ) now in the system who are on the first Finance Committee, subjected to the scrutiny of four years of the schedule and many beyond that. I. T. Greenacre, attorney for the Federation, elicited The resolution was further amended, in line with the opinion published on page 10 of this BULLETIN . Mr. Greenacre's opinion, by eliminating the illegal At a later meeting of the Finance Committee held delegation of authority granted to the Superintend- on April 21 , Miss Haley again appeared and in re- ent to retard individuals on the schedule . Stenographic Report of Proceedings of Finance Committee of Chicago Board of Education , Saturday , April 18, 1925 at 3:30 P. М. The meeting was called to order by the Chairman MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, the statement I of the Committee, Mr. Smietanka, who presided. have before me must be taken in connection with Roll call by the Secretary, Mr. Gilbert, showed the that resolution, of which I have seen no copy. I following present : would like to have a copy of the resolution . May I Members of the Finance Committee : Miss Tem- see it, for there is something that I don't under- ple, Mr. Hanson, Mr. Smietanka. Other members stand ? It says something about the schedule as of the Board of Education : Mrs. Hefferan, Mr. amended. I don't know of any amendment to the Mullenbach , Mrs. Gregg . schedule-I mean the report of the Superintendent. There were also present : Mr. Byrnes, Mr. Wight, MR . SMIETANKA : There were three other Mr. Condee, Miss Margaret A. Haley, Miss Mary recommendations, two concern the salary of the M. Abbe . presidents of the two colleges . THE SECRETARY : There is a quorum pres- New Schedule Cuts Salaries ent. MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I would like ( The Secretary then received from the Chairman to ask if the schedule as recommended now to the and read " Salary Schedule Resolution of the Com- mittee. " This resolution is printed on page 6.) Board contains any provision of the kind that is THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. Hanson . pointed out by the Superintendent on page 843, séc- MR . HANSON : I move the acceptance of the tion 2, paragraph 4, which reads , "No salaries re- resolution or concurrence in it . duced" ? The Superintendent said : MISS TEMPLE : I second the motion. " On passing to new schedules provision should THE CHAIRMAN : Before putting the motion be made whereby present teachers who would suf- I have a communication I would like to present. fer diminution of salary by loss of bonuses, etc., THE SECRETARY : This is addressed to the should continue on their present schedule until they Chairman of the Committee by Miss Margaret A. reach a year in which the old schedule is less than Haley. the new, at which time they should pass automatically (The Secretary then read the communication of at the beginning of a year to the new schedule. April 16 from Miss Haley, renewing her tabled re- Some such provision as the following should be quest of April 7 for a hearing on the salary schedule made a part of the schedule." whenever the Committee should take it up for con- Then the Superintendent outlined something sideration. This letter is printed in the BULLETIN which does not appear in the form of a recommenda- of April 16, page 4. ) tion. He outlines it : MR. HANSON : I think we should do that. "No one teaching in the public schools of the THE CHAIRMAN : It is so moved by Mr. Han- city of Chicago on January 1 , 1925, shall, by the son. There being no objection, I will ask Miss operation of this schedule designated February, 1925 , Haley to appear. How much time do you want, suffer any dimunition in salary, but shall continue Miss Haley ? to be paid the salary of the schedule in force Jan- MISS MARGARET A. HALEY : Not very uary 1 , 1925, and shall continue to receive such much, Mr. Smietanka. bonuses as on January 1, 1925, appertain to various THE CHAIRMAN : Would you mind stepping positions and years, until such persons reach a year up here? of service at which the schedule of January 1, 1925, 4 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN at yearly pay plus bonuses, if any, is less than the to mean she will go right on with the present sched- yearly pay for the corresponding year in the salary ule, the second year at the present schedule, the third schedule designated February, 1925, at which time year at the present schedule until she attains the such person shall enter upon the new salary sched- new salary which is higher than the present sched- ule designated February, 1925." ule, but that is not what it means and that is not I want to say if that is not adopted, and it will what it will be interpreted to mean, in the Secretary's office. not be adopted as I understand if it is left in the report in this way, that is, the Secretary's office Cut at Bottom, No Money to Pay at Top would not have any authority to proceed under this There will be enough money taken away from report in this form, if it is not made as a recom- the teachers in the second, third and fourth mendation . years to make up for any increases that will come THE CHAIRMAN : I think it is a part of the in the sixth and seventh years. Possibly even in original schedule, Miss Haley. the eighth year, not enough to make up for the in- MISS HALEY : Well, it is not made a part, crease in the ninth year, but it is taking it from Mr. Smietanka, of this. I have asked the Secre- those younger teachers and putting it in at the eighth tary's office what they would have to do under the year and at the ninth year, when no one will get rules of the Board and the action of the Board on it , Mr. Chairman, under existing conditions . this, and Mr. Gilbert said, while he does not want I think , as far as I could hear the resolution of to give any opinion, he knows what has happened the Board, this schedule will be in effect as long under similar circumstances, and I have figured out as the Board has money to pay it. Is that the idea ? what will happen. Is that what that resolution means ? THE CHAIRMAN : Yes . Young Teachers Lose $265,000 MISS HALEY : When the Board gets up against The teachers who are now in the first year will it and there isn't any money, they will do as they lose $300. There are 504 of those teachers. They have always done, of course, cut off the teachers , would lose $151,200 in the next two years . now at the maximum, there is no use cutting any- THE CHAIRMAN : As you go along would you body's salary if you don't get any money or make accord the Superintendent's offi office the privilege of any impression on the budget, so the teachers at replying , Miss Haley ? the maximum will get $2,750 a year, and after that MISS HALEY : Oh, surely, I will be glad, what they will get a cut, but anybody who is working we want to do is clear this up, Mr. Smietanka, so along in the schedule and is in the third year, fourth we will know what the teachers are going to get . year, fifth year, or sixth year it is not likely they There is a loss of $80,000 for the fourth year. will cut-of course, we cannot tell what will be done, There are 400 of those teachers , and they lose $200 but we know what was done in the past-the sal- apiece, and the teachers now in the third year will aries are always cut where it is worth while to cut . lose $33,975 . It makes a total of $265,175 . It is no use cutting 300 principals, the Board has never done it, the Board has always cut the big THE CHAIRMAN : You mean if that provision group. just read is not adopted in conjunction with the At the present time there are 4,298 teachers at resolution, without giving consideration to that ? the maximum. Those are the teachers who will get MISS HALEY : No , I mean even if this is the cuts in the elementary schools . adopted they will lose that much . If this is not I venture to say there will be no cut any place adopted they lose a great deal more. I have talked else in the system. Even if there is, the amount this over with the staff that puts the schedules into cut off will be very much less than the amount that effect; after the Board of Education is done then is given the principals who are getting $ 1,000 in- the Secretary's office has to take up the work of what crease this year, and another $250 the following the Board of Education did and put these schedules year. Of course, they won't be cut. into effect. Teachers Arbitrarily Retarded A teacher now at $ 1,500 a year by the next step should go to $1,625 under the present schedule. Then I want to call your attention, Mr. Chair- Now, $1,550 is the schedule for the second year and man, to that long line at the fifth year (referring that teacher will suffer no diminution of salary be- to diagram published last week, p. 5) , and while cause going from $1,500 to $1,550 is not a diminu- there are 504 teachers in the first year and 400 in tion. So that teacher will go from $ 1,500 to $ 1,550 . the second year, 453 in the third year, and 595 in In the next year she should go to $ 1,625 and she the fourth, there are 955 teachers who are stopped loses $75 , just as pointed out here. The next year, at the fifth year and this proposed schedule puts when she should go to $ 1,675 she goes to $1,600, and those teachers more at the mercy of the Board of then $ 1,775 , and she loses until she gets to the fifth Examiners than they ever were before . year, she loses $300. Now, that is the way this It provides that not only the Board of Examiners schedule works out, even if this provision is put in, shall accredit the institutions where these teachers because the way this schedule is worded, " No one take their work, but gives the Board of Examinerş teaching in the public schools of the city of Chi- the power to pass on the courses. cago on January 1 , 1925 , * *shall suffer * I brought four cases to this Board two years ago , any diminution in salary." where I showed the Board of Examiners had four That does not mean, Mr. Chairman , what we applications before it for four courses of study, that might interpret it to mean. You might interpret it (Continued on page 12.) MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 5 Chronology of Salary Schedule From January 26 to April 27, 1925 January 26, 1925-Tentative draft of Superintendent's Salary his report was necessary to prevent loss of salary Schedule Report mailed to members of Board of Edu- to present teachers by diminution and retardation . cation. Tax rate increase suggested . (Superintendent's letter printed on page 7. ) Green- acre's opinion presented to committee by Miss Haley. February 5-Meeting of Chicago Teachers ' Federation at Acting chairman of committee (Miss Temple) ruled Studebaker Theatre . Superintendent's "tentative " re- that no amendment was necessary as shown by super- port presented. Federation adopted statement (printed intendent's letter. Mr. Mullenbach insisted amend- in April 9 BULLETIN, page 2 ) reiterating demand for ment was necessary. That part of Mr. Greenacre's lawful assessments instead of increased tax rates as opinion was read and finally the proposed amendment set forth in statement of joint meeting of teachers at was agreed to and ordered added to the resolution. Auditorium October 3, 1924. ( Statement printed by (See amendment on page 7. ) Federation . ) 10:30 a. m. Mr. Harris Keeler addressed the com- March 11-Superintendent's Salary Report (11013) presented mittee against financial policy of raising salaries with to meeting of Board of Education. Referred to Finance huge deficit existing. Mr. Mullenbach made statement Committee. (Not considered by committee until regarding illegal attempt to delegate power to super- April 18. ) intendent to retard individuals on salary schedule (his statement printed on page 2) . Mr. Henry was directed April 6-Meeting of Chicago Teachers' Federation at Stude- by committee to draft an amendment to remove this baker Theatre. Statement of February 5 reaffirmed illegal and unjust feature . Committee adjourned to and ordered sent to Board of Education together with 3:30 p . m. communication containing queries on salary schedule and wherewith to pay it in view of deficit (printed in 3:30 p . m.-Mr. Henry presented two amendments : ( 1) April 9 BULLETIN , p . 2) . Federation's amendment to prevent loss of salary , word for word as Miss Haley presented it; (2) amend- April 7, 10 a. m .- Secret conference of Board members in ment to meet objection of illegal delegation of author- president's office. ity to retard teachers. Committee agreed to ask the 11 a . m.-Open meeting of Finance Committee . Fed- Board to accept both amendments . On objection of eration's communications , adopted April 6, delivered Mr. Mullenbach the Finance Committee directed that to chairman and to president of Board . Salary schedule Mr. Henry , together with the secretary, the auditor not taken up. and the superintendent attach the salary schedules 12 o'clock-Newspapers given two - page telegram to to the resolution and make it a part of it in order Board members, dated April 6, from chairman and sec- that everyone should know just what was being retary of Schools Committee naming fourteen affiliated adopted . organizations of teachers asking adoption of salary 4:15 p. m .-Teachers' Federation Committee visited schedule (telegram printed on p. 15) . Mayor and showed him the resolution and the Green- 2 p. m.-Adjourned session of Finance Committee . acre opinion on same . Mayor agreed Greenacre ob- Letter read from Miss Haley requesting hearing for jections were well founded. Federation on salary schedule whenever taken up. Re- 4:15 p. m.-Meeting of Federation; 5,000 copies of quest tabled by following vote: For tabling-Miss resolution and Greenacre opinion distributed. Temple, Mr. Fellows and President Moderwell. Against April 22, 9 a. m. to 12-Committee authorized on April 21 -Mr . Hanson and Mr. Smietanka. redrafted salary schedule resolution and attached April 18, 1 p. m. (Saturday) -Secret conference of Board thereto salary schedules as directed by Finance Com- members in president's office. mittee to meet objections of Mr. Mullenbach. 3:30 p. m.-Open meeting of Finance Committee, other 2 p . m.-Board of Education met . Salary resolution Board members in attendance, 50 teachers present. not presented by Finance Committee . No action on Salary schedule resolution (printed on p. 6) read . salary schedule. Adjourned to meet Monday, April Letter from Miss Haley renewing request for hearing 27 , at 10 a. m. for Federation on salary schedule read and request April 27, 10 a. m.-Secret conference of Board members till granted. Discussion on salary schedule by representa- 12:30. Board members received letter from executive tive of Federation (printed in full, pages 3-4) . Salary committee of Association of Commerce approving resolution adopted by committee without discussion schedule (page 14) . (see p . 6) . Chairman of committee asked Federation 12:30 p. m.-Open Board meeting. Second revised representative to present suggested amendment to draft of resolution presented with salary schedule at- protect teachers now in service from loss of salary tached as demanded by Mr. Mullenbach , fully embody- under new schedule. Committee adjourned to meet ing amendments proposed by the Teachers ' Federation on Tuesday, April 21 , at 10 a. m. , on account of objec- based on Greenacre opinion . Resolution adopted with- tions raised by Federation representative. out discussion except as three members explained their votes . ( See pages 6 and 7. ) April 19-Attorney I. T. Greenacre prepared opinion point- ing out (1) that the salary resolution adopted by the April 27, 2:30 p. m.-Mayor Dever sent names of six Board Finance Committee on April 18 was an unlawful at- of Education appointments to City Council. Action on tempt to delegate to the superintendent the Board's confirmation deferred by Council for one week. statutory authority concerning compensation of teach- ers; (2) that without amendment to resolution, teachers in service would suffer loss of salary by diminution and Regular meetings of the Chicago Teachers' Fed- retardation . (Opinion and quotations from law printed on pages 10 and 11. ) eration will be held in Corinthian Hall, 17th floor, April 20-Federation printed 5,000 copies of the resolution Capitol Building, corner of State and Randolph, on together with Attorney Greenacre's opinion thereon. the second Saturday of the school month, at 10:30 Meeting of Federation called for following day. a. m. The next meeting will be on the 16th of May. April 21, 10 a. m. - Finance Committee met, other Board members present. Communication from Miss Haley transmitting Federation amendment to resolution to We need a subscription list of 5,000. When we protect present teachers from loss in salary under new get such a list we can get second class mailing privi- schedule presented to committee, read by secretary leges and mail 5,000 BULLETINS for $ 1.25 whereas (printed on page 7) . Letter from superintendent read to Committee acknowledging receipt of stenographic now they cost $75 to mail. Send in your subscrip- report of discussion of his salary report before Com- tion and ask others to do the same. The price is mittee on April 18 and denying that amendment to only $1 for the rest of this school year. 6 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN The Evolution of a Resolution SALARY SCHEDULE RESOLUTION ADOPTED ON SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1925, BY THE FINANCE COMMITTEE , BOARD OF EDUCATION , CITY OF CHICAGO . Whereas , the Superintendent of Schools , aided vided by popular referendum and cannot be made by representative groups of teachers and super- available at an earlier time than for the fiscal year visors in the school system, has made a careful in- 1928; vestigation pertaining to the compensation now being Now, therefore, be it resolved, That the pro- 'paid to teachers and other officers of the Education posed new salary schedule or as amended be adopted Department for services rendered by them in the to become effective September 1, 1925, and that this discharge of their duties as employes of the Board schedule be in operation until the earliest time that of Education, and a popular referendum with reference to the neces- Whereas, as a result of this investigation the sary increase in the tax rate can be legally provided Superintendent, with the assistance of other mem- for, the same to continue in operation only in the bers of the Education Department, has prepared and event that the referendum when taken is favorable has submitted to the Board for consideration a re- to such increase in the tax rate, it being understood vision of the present teachers' salary schedule and that the present schedule will be reinstated if the has recommended the adoption of this revised sched- increased tax rate is denied, except that the ule , and Superintendent shall be instructed to modify the Whereas, it is the belief of the Board that the schedule by retarding the rate of progress of in- proposed new salary schedule provides a more dividuals on the schedule beyond the present equitable rate of compensation for the services ren- maximum rate of their respective groups to the dered by the teachers and officers concerned and extent necessary to keep the total expenditures offers a means of improvement of the character and within the education fund from exceeding the the quality of instruction afforded by the schools, borrowing power of the school district in the and fiscal years of 1925, 1926 and 1927, estimates of Whereas , the estimated revenues of the Edu- the limitations of such borrowing power to be made cation Fund under the tax rates now authorized by the Committee on Finance for the Superintendent will not be sufficient to provide for the requirements whenever needed , and of the educational program after the close of the Be it further resolved, That the President and fiscal year 1926 and to liquidate the accumulated Secretary of the Board be authorized to take such deficit if the proposed new salary schedule is now steps as may be necessary to place this proposition adopted , and before the people for referendum in connection with Whereas , additional revenues sufficient for the the first election at which such proposition can be purposes of the proposed new schedule must be pro- legally voted upon . SALARY SCHEDULE RESOLUTION ADOPTED ON MONDAY , APRIL 27 , 1925, BY THE BOARD OF EDUCATION , CITY OF CHICAGO . Whereas, the revenues of the Educational Fund cedure and administrative practices make it desirable for the city school system are, and have been for from time to time to provide in various ways for several years past, insufficient to meet the require- the improvement of instruction and for the expan- ments of the educational program the city is pro- sion of the scope of service of the school system, and viding through the instrumentality of its schools, Whereas , the time has arrived when it seems ex- with the result that there is an annual deficit of in- pedient to revise the teachers' salary schedule with creasing size in this fund, and the end in view of establishing a rate of compen- Whereas, the accumulation of this deficit has sation which is more equitably adjusted to the re- reached such proportions that the estimated revenues quirements of the teaching staff at the present time of the Educational Fund under the tax rate now and which will in the future tend to attract the best authorized will not be sufficient to continue the available talent whenever new positions are estab- schools under the present organization and under the lished, and administrative policies now in force beyond the fiscal Whereas , additional revenues sufficient for the year of 1926, and purposes of the present program together with the Whereas, the several movements which the board desired changes in the salary schedule and in the has recently initiated in the interest of economy in scope and quality of the social services being ren- the administration of the schools will probably not dered by the schools cannot possibly be made avail- suffice to extend the period during which the finan- able at any earlier time than for the fiscal year 1927, cial transactions of the board can be held within the Be it resolved, That the President and the Secre- limit of the borrowing power for purposes of admin- tary of the Board take such steps as may be neces- istering the Educational Fund through the fiscal sary to secure a referendum in connection with the year 1927, and first election at which a vote can be legally provided Whereas, the normal growth of the school sys- for on the proposal to increase the tax rate for the tem and current developments in educational pro- Educational Fund of the school district of the city MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 7 of Chicago from the present rate of $ 1.92 on each Elementary school principals (less than 50 $100 assessed valuation to a rate of $2.92 on each teachers ) receiving 5,750 $100 of such valuation, and Elementary school principals ( 50 or more Be it further resolved, That the salary schedule teachers ) receiving 5,750 hereto attached and made a part hereof and marked Junior high school principals receiving ...... 6,000 "Salary Schedule, February, 1925," be adopted to Senior high school principals receiving ...... 6,500 become effective September 1 , 1925, which schedule Assistants to principals in junior high schools shall continue in operation until such time as a pop- receiving 4,000 ular referendum with reference to the necessary in- Assistants to principals in senior high schools crease in the tax rate is held, the same to continue in receiving 4,400 operation only in the event that the referendum Teachers in charge of senior high school when taken is favorable to such increase in the tax branches receiving 4,050 rate, it being understood that the present schedule Teachers in Chicago Normal College and will be reinstated if the increased tax rate is denied, junior colleges receiving . 4,200 except that the Superintendent shall, when and if Deans of women in Chicago Normal College instructed by the Board of Education, arrange that receiving 4,500 the following groups of teachers shall not be ad- Heads of departments Chicago Normal Col- vanced prior to 1927 to a salary rate higher than the lege receiving 4,900 following specified amounts : Teachers in practice schools receiving . 2,950 Elementary school teachers receiving ........ $2,750 Assistants in child study receiving . 3,600 Assistants of elementary school principals re- Assistants in vocational guidance receiving ... 3,500 ceiving 3,000 Visiting teachers receiving . 2,750 Head teachers of the deaf receiving . ... 3,000 Heads of branch schools ( 4 to 7 divisions ) Be it further resolved, That no one teaching in receiving 2,825 the public schools of the City of Chicago at the time Heads of branch schools ( 8 or more divi- of the adoption of this resolution shall, by the opera- sions ) receiving 2,900 tion of the schedule designated " Salary Schedule, Junior high school teachers ( general certifi- February, 1925," which schedule is hereto attached cate) receiving 3,700 and made a part hereof, suffer any diminution in Junior high school teachers (limited certifi- salary, but shall continue to be paid on the schedule cate ) receiving 3,150 in force January 1 , 1925, and shall continue to re- Junior high school deans of girls receiving .. 3,900 ceive such automatic increases and such bonuses as Senior high school teachers (general certifi- on January 1, 1925, appertain to various positions cate) receiving 3,900 and years, until such person reaches a year of service Senior high school teachers (limited certifi- at which the schedule of January 1, 1925, at yearly cate) receiving 3,600 .. pay plus bonuses, if any, is less than the yearly pay Senior high school deans of girls receiving . 4,200 for the corresponding year in the salary schedule Extra teachers in elementary schools receiving 2,250 herein designated " Salary Schedule, February, Extra teachers in high schools receiving ..... 2,925 1925," at which time such person's salary shall be Extra teachers in office of district superin- fixed as provided in the salary schedule designated tendents receiving 2,925 " Salary Schedule, February, 1925. " In response to an invitation by the Finance Com- sented to the notice of the Superintendent, and if he, mittee of the Board of Education, Superintendent in his judgment, believes that there ought to be some McAndrew addressed a letter to the Finance Com- modification of the salary schedule, and comes to us mittee in comment on Miss Haley's statement of with a recommendation, the Board will be glad to April 18 appearing elsewhere in this issue (page 3 co-operate with it." and following ) . I have carefully gone over the transcript. Its As shown in this letter the Superintendent's inter- objections simmer down to this, that the proviso “ no pretation of the resolution then before the Finance salaries reduced" will not be adopted by the Board, Committee was in direct conflict with the interpre- and that the proviso is not part of the schedule as tation of I. T. Greenacre, attorney for the Chicago recommended, and that teachers in the service Janu- Teachers' Federation. ( Mr. Greenacre's opinion ary 1 , 1925, will be put upon the new schedule even will be found on page 10 of this issue. ) The Finance though their salaries are reduced. Committee, however, in presenting the resolution Answer : The proviso " no salaries reduced is a which was finally adopted by the Board of Educa- part of salary schedule, February, 1925, report No. tion, met the objections of Mr. Greenacre. ( The 11013. " It is so printed, it follows the recommenda- resolution in its final form, as adopted, appears on tion, is a part of it, and will, instead of reducing the page 6. ) salaries of teachers in service January 1, 1925, pay Superintendent McAndrew's letter follows : them $ 1,625 the second year, $ 1,750 the third year, April 20, 1925 . $1,875 the fourth year, $2,000 the fifth year. Committee on Finance, There is nothing in the transcript of the minutes Board of Education . which requires any modification of the schedule, but Ladies and Gentlemen : there are many statements which are ill considered, Under the date of April 20 the Secretary submit- absurd, and directly contrary to the plain language ted to me transcript of the proceedings of the Com- and spirit of the schedule. mittee on Finance, Saturday, April 18, 1925, in Respectfully submitted, which the chairman says, " Stenographic notes of (Signed) WM. McANDREW, what has transpired here this afternoon will be pre- Superintendent of Schools. 8 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S opposition and voting "Aye" only to base a motion WEEKLY BULLETIN to reconsider. Hart Hanson was present but passed his vote. MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher Several prolonged conferences behind closed doors by both the Finance Committee and the Board of MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly Education preceded the adoption of the new Salary during the year, excepting the months of July and August, Schedule. and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. Haley. Within three hours after the Board of Educa- THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One Dollar for 3 months . Single copies , 10 Cents . tion adopted the new salary schedule, Mayor Dever LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one . presented to the City Council six names of men to ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be succeed six members of the Board of Education . received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current issue. They were : Edward P. Ellicott, to succeed ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- Charles M. Moderwell, term expiring May 1 , 1928 ; able to the order of John A. English, to succeed Hart Hanson, term ex- MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American piring in 1928 ; Theophilus Schmid, to succeed Miss Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , Grace Temple , term expiring in 1930 ; Charles T. Chicago Byrne, to succeed Dr. John Dill Robertson, term Phone Central 3904 expiring in 1927 ; Dr. Victor R. Schiller, to succeed William K. Fellows, term expiring 1929 ; and James Mullenbach, to succeed himself, term expiring in 1930. Taxation and Salaries Action by the City Council on confirmation of The teachers are seeking and expecting relief these nominations was deferred for one week and from the legislature through the submission to a the nominations ordered published in the proceed- vote of the people of the pending tax amendment to ings . the Constitution. If adopted by the people of Illinois this amend- The following protest was made at a meeting of ment will give the legislature power to classify prop- the Chicago Federation of Men Teachers on April erty for taxation so that the billions now illegally 16 and again at the High School Teachers' Central escaping assessment may either be legally exempted Council meeting on April 21 . or forced to pay taxes according to law. While this PROTEST . amendment is still before the legislature and this tax Chicago Federation of Men Teachers : program to secure additional funds without increas- ing the tax rate is being pushed, it is unfair to the One day last week a story was published in The teachers and to the taxpayers for the Board of Edu- Tribune to the effect that the Chicago Federation cation to consider asking an increase in the tax rate of Men Teachers had among other organizations ostensibly to pay an increase in teachers' salaries . sent a telegram of approval to the Board of Educa- While we who know and understand the proposed tion in regard to the proposed salary schedule. I salary schedule know that it is not intended to be immediately checked up and so far as I know the an increase for any but a few highly paid, that in Federation did not send such a telegram. It was fact it will reduce teachers on the low salaries and sent by the Chicago Schools Committee and used by retard those at or nearing the maximum by some the Board in an attempt to show that "more than such device as basing the salaries on the secret half the teachers are in favor of the schedule ." marks, yet the public has been fed up on the idea I wish to protest against such action on the part that the proposed schedule is an increase for every- of the Schools Committee, not upon the issue of the body. salary schedule, but upon the general principle in- The teachers' case is prejudiced in advance with volved. This is a matter of policy and should have the taxpayers by the recommendation of this sched- come back for approval to the Federation. If the ule. Schools Committee can commit 2,000 high school teachers as well as some other groups involved upon This appears to be exactly what the proponents this matter, it can do so upon other matters and of this schedule want and then they can put the immediately becomes a dangerous political tool in salaries of the teachers just where Superintendent which this Federation should have no part . Cooley put them, years ago, when by basing in- creases on secret marks and a secret examination Please understand that I do not question the mo- only 61 out of a total of 2,500 teachers were draw- tives of those who sent the telegram; they are my ing the much-advertised maximum of $ 1,000 seven friends . Nor am I discussing the salary question years after its adoption. as an issue . The only issue is the danger of trust- ing matters of policy to such a small group of people. The resolution offered by the Finance Committee (Signed) R. R. SMITH . favoring the adoption of the " Salary Schedule, April 16, 1925 . February, 1925," was passed by the Board of Edu- cation April 27, 1925 . The business of " retarding" teachers' salaries in The following voted in favor of the resolution : Chicago has been reduced to a science. When 2,500 Smietanka, Mullenbach, Temple, Hefferan, Gregg , teachers have their salaries retarded for eleven years Fellows , Moderwell and Coath, the last stating his that is something of a record . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 9 S Editorial Comment on Salary Schedule 07 RECONSIDERING THE McANDREW from $950 to $ 1,350 during ten years of service, SCHEDULE with a maximum possible under the limiting para- graph of $5,750 a year. The present maximum is Trustee J. Lewis Coath has announced that he $4,800 . will move to reconsider the ratification of the Mc- Andrew salary schedule at the next meeting of the With the senior high school teachers there is an even greater reduction for those entering the service E school board. We believe the majority members of the present board will act wisely if they approve after September 1, while those with from six to ten his course. years' experience are eligible to increases of from ゼ $ 100 to $ 500 a year. Senior high principals make The McAndrew schedule of increases has been annual gains from the outset, ranging from $700 to authorized by the board on a merest gambler's $1,600 a year. Under these circumstances, to call chance that the revenue for their continuation can the schedule, subject to the joker paragraph which be found or will be authorized by the taxpayers . is certain to be enforced, a "teacher salary increase " The money for the first year's additional expense is to achieve the ironic. The principals are the ones may be raised by artificially augmenting school reve- who are the chief beneficiaries . nues through the sale of "unnecessary" school prop- It would take a statistician, armed with all the erty, but this does not in the least mitigate the ob- information which the Board of Education has in noxious principle which the board has established- its possession, to compute the exact amount added that of increasing heavily the school pay roll before to salary totals by this somewhat bewildering system the money necessary for the increase over a period of reductions and maximum increases where they of years is in any way available. are the least needed. The fact remains, however, The schedule, as it was finally approved by the that the present school board has added a heavy board, is a subterfuge in itself, for after approving expenditure from an educational fund which is al- the formal schedule, a joker is attached which from ready burdened by a deficit, without knowing ex- force of sheer financial necessity is certain to become actly where the money is coming from. operative. This step, too, has been taken in the face of oppo- The resolution putting the schedule into official sition, not only from bodies like the Chicago Bureau effect calls for the authorization of a referendum on of Public Efficiency, but from the Chicago Teachers' the question of a tax rate increase from $1.92 to Federation, which ought to know the sentiment of $2.92 per $100 of assessed valuation. It then goes the elementary teachers if any organization does.- on to say : Chicago Evening Post, April 29, 1925 . "Be it further resolved, That the salary schedule hereto attached and made a part hereof be adopted HANDS UP ! to become effective September 1 . the same to continue in operation only in the event that the refer- On the hit and run for cover policy, the board of endum when taken is favorable to such increase in education shoved over the teachers' salary increase the tax rate, it being understood that the present Monday on the instant it thought it was to be super- schedule will be reinstated if the increased tax rate seded by a board largely new. is denied, except that the Superintendent shall, when It is not new to the Chicagoan to have a gun poked and if instructed by the Board of Education, ar- into his ribs and to be ordered to shell out . But it is range that the following groups of teachers shall not not common practice, nor is it a safe one, for public be advanced prior to 1927 to a salary rate higher officials to use this device and appropriate funds than the following specified amounts." which do not exist. "The following specified amounts " allow elemen- The school teachers themselves vigorously pro- tary school teachers, now receiving a maximum of tested this raise, and in the circumstances all the dic- $2,500 a year, a possible maximum of $2,750. Senior tates of good business and common sense were high school teachers, now receiving a maximum of against it. The voting of the raise is, in effect, a $3,800 a year, have a maximum fixed of $3,900, command to Chicagoans to vote a tax increase . when on general certificate. Those on a limited certificate are granted an increase from $3,300 to School affairs in this city have long been man- $3,600 as a maximum . aged in a shameful way, but the "Hands up" idea in this particular field of municipal affairs has a Thus 2,917 elementary teachers now in service touch of novelty. The board may wish to pin on receive no increase in their salaries beyond those the school teachers responsibility for this example authorized by the old scales. Of the remainder, of bad business and official effrontery, but that will 5,685 teachers are eligible for annual increases of not work. Guilt lies entirely with the board. Hav- from $125 to $375 a year, depending on the length ing mired the school system in debt up to its eyes, of their service. Teachers entering after September while leaving tens of thousands of children without 1 incur a loss in salary of $75 a year during the decent facilities for gaining an education, the board second year, $ 150 during the third and $75 for the pushes the public schools deeper into the muck, fourth; instead of being given an increase . leaves word that the rescue is up to the voter, and Elementary school principals are accorded differ- ducks for cover.-Chicago Daily Journal, April 28, ent treatment, receiving an annual increase ranging 1925. 10 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN OPINION OF I. T. GREENACRE RE RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY COMMITTEE ON FINANCE OF BOARD OF EDUCATION, SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1925 (Resolution printed here in full on sixth page) Chicago, Ill. , April 20, 1925. Section II, page 842, No. 3, contains compari- Miss Margaret A. Haley, sons between New York and Chicago ; No. 4 Business Representative, contains suggestions entitled, " 4 No Salaries Chicago Teachers ' Federation , Reduced, " which is as follows : “ On passing Chicago , Ill. to new Schedules, provision should be made Dear Miss Haley : whereby present teachers who would suffer diminution of salary by loss of bonuses, etc., In reply to your questions concerning the should continue on their present schedule, until resolution recommended Saturday, April 18, they reach a year in which the old schedule is 1925, by the Finance Committee of the Board less than the new, at which time they should of Education of the City of Chicago concern- pass automatically at the beginning of such a ing " New Salary Schedule or as amended," year to the new schedule. Some such provision permit me to report that : as the following should be made a part of the According to the copy submitted to me, the schedule : No one in the public schools of the resolution provides that “ the Superintendent City of Chicago on January 1, 1925, shall, by shall be instructed to modify the schedule by operation of this schedule designated Febru- retarding the rate of progress of individuals ary, 1925, suffer any diminution in salary, but on the schedule beyond the present maximum shall continue to be paid the salary of the rate of their respective groups to the extent schedule in force January 1, 1925, and shall continue to receive such bonuses as on Janu- necessary to keep the total expenditures with- in the educational fund from exceeding the ary 1, 1925, appertain to various positions and borrowing power of the school district in the years, until such person reaches a year of ser- fiscal years of 1925, 1926 and 1927, estimates vice at which the schedule of January 1, 1925 , of the limitations of such borrowing power to at yearly pay plus bonuses, if any, is less than be made by the Committee on Finance for the the yearly pay for the corresponding year in Superintendent whenever needed. " the salary schedule designated February, 1925, at which time such person shall enter upon the It is my opinion that the above provision, if new salary schedule designated February, adopted, will in effect automatically instruct 1925. " This admits on its face that it is not a the Superintendent ' to modify the schedule by part of the Schedule. As the resolution adopts retarding the rate of progress of individuals only the Schedule, it follows that the above on the schedule, " and further that such in- suggestions are not adopted. struction will be an unlawful attempt by the Board to delegate to the Superintendent the Note also, that these suggestions even if they Board's statutory authority concerning com- should be added to the recommended resolu- pensations, and to transfer to him a duty tion would only provide against diminution of which the statute imposes on the Board and the present salary and not against retardation not on the Superintendent, and also that the on the schedule, involving loss of automatic direction to retard the progress of individuals increases under old, i. e., present schedule . This for financial reasons is unlawful both as a di- situation exists as to all teachers ' schedules, rection to discriminate, and as an interference but not as to principals ' schedules. As to prin- with the Superintendent in the performance cipals , provisions are made in and as a part of his educational statutory duties, and of the schedule, and not merely suggested as amounts to a direction to consider matters things which " should be made. " other than " for merit only. " The various re- The language and subject matter of the re- sons which constrain me to these conclusions port is so legally involved and capable of dif- are obvious from the statutory provisions con- ferent meanings and constructions and uncer- cerning the powers and duties and liabilities of school officers shown in the schedule of ex- tain as to what paragraphs are and are not cerpts from the statute herewith presented. parts of the schedules that (particularly in view of the statutory liabilities scheduled here- Attention is called to the fact that the pro- with ) it is to be feared that vouchering officers posed resolution provides " that the proposed might insist on court interpretations to insure new salary schedule or as amended, be adopt- their safety in making many payments under ed " but does not purport to adopt anything the proposed resolution and new schedules. It else in the superintendent's report (No. 11013, is to be feared that teachers might incidentally Proceedings Mch. 11, 1925, p. 840 et seq.) . That suffer most from any such confusion. report contains schedules and also arguments and suggestions. As to elementary teachers I. T. GREENACRE. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 11 I. STATUTORY POWERS AND DUTIES Sec. 131. “ shall, subject to the limitations AND LIABILITIES UNDER SCHOOL prescribed in this Act, establish by-laws, rules ACT OF SUPERINTENDENT and regulations, which shall have the force of OF SCHOOLS . ordinances, for the proper maintenance of a uniform system of discipline for both employees Sec. 129 " shall have general charge and and pupils, and for the entire management of * * * control subject to the approval of the board the schools . " Salaries shall be fixed * * * of education department and the employees or changed only at regular meet- * * * therein of the public schools. " ings the board shall keep a faithful * * * ” Sec . 130 " shall prescribe and control, sub- record of all its proceedings ject to the approval of the board of education Sec . 135. shall not add to the expenditures the courses of study, text books, educational for school purposes anything over and above apparatus and equipment, discipline in and the amount that shall be received from the conduct of the schools, and shall perform such state common school fund, the rental of school other duties as the board may by rule pre- lands or property, funds otherwise received scribe pertaining to the educational depart- and the amount of school taxes levied annually ment. Appointments, promotions and trans- for educational and for building purposes. If fers of teachers, principal, assistant and dis- said board shall so add to such expenditures trict superintendents, and all other employees * the City shall not in any case be liable there- * * in the teaching force shall be made, for. by the board of education only upon the recom- Sec . 162. The specifications of powers here- mendation of the Superintendent of Schools, unless it be by a two-thirds vote of all the mem- in granted are not to be construed as exclu- bers of the board . " sive, but the board of education shall exercise Sec . 138. ،، “ A board of three examiners is all the powers that may be requisite or proper for the maintenance and the fullest develop- hereby constituted, whose duty it shall be to ment of an efficient public school system, not examine all applicants who are required to hold certificates to teach * * *. Such board inconsistent with those general provisions of the school laws of the state which apply to all of examiners shall consist of the Superintend- school districts. ent of Schools together with two persons ap- proved and appointed by the Board of Educa- tion upon the nomination of the Superintend- * III. OF LIABILITY OF SCHOOL OFFICERS * * ent of Schools. " Appointments and APPLICABLE TO ALL DISTRICTS promotions of teachers, principals and other (INCLUDING CHICAGO) . educational employees shall be made for merit only. Sec . 128. " Each city having a population exceeding 100,000 inhabitants shall constitute * * * ,, II . EXCERPTS CONCERNING STATUTORY one school district which shall be POWERS AND DUTIES AND LIABILI- a body politic and corporate by the name of TIES UNDER SCHOOL ACT OF THE " Board of Education of the City of ........... BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE * * ،، * CITY OF CHICAGO . * * * Sec. 258. " The real estate of all Sec. 129. " shall, subject to the limitations other school officers entrusted with the care, contained in this Act, prescribe the duties, control, management or disposition of any * * * compensation and terms of employment of all school, fund for the use of any * * * its employees. ” district or school, shall be bound for Sec. 137. “ shall, subject to the limitations the satisfaction and payment of all claims and * * * contained in this Act, have power to prescribe demands against such school officers , the courses and methods of study in the vari- arising from the conversion, unlawful use or * ،، * * ous schools and to employ teachers and other waste of such funds educational employees and fix their compensa- Sec. 264. See also : in re Liability for loss tion . " occasioned by neglect of officers . 12 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN ( Continued from page 4. ) of Education is concerned, and this Board is com- they were exactly the same, that there was not a mitted to exercise an effort to see that proper tax particle of difference. The applicants went to the valuations are made this coming year. same institution, took the same work, the same Get After Assessors courses . The Board of Examiners allowed two of MISS HALEY : Well, I hope they will be more the teachers to have their courses credited and the successful than they were in the first venture. Now, other two teachers were denied it. There was no Mr. Chairman, I would like to say difference in the world, only the Board of Exami- THE CHAIRMAN : The first venture was suc- ners did not desire to let those particular two teach- cessful, I would say, and because suit had not been ers get credit for those two courses, and there might filed, you cannot attribute that directly to the have been some excuse for it if there was any dif- Board. The Board's policy has been established and ference . But one of them was a second grade if in some administrative fashion suit was neglected, teacher who got the credit, and the other was a sec- you cannot blame the Board for it or say that the ond grade teacher who was denied the credit . It Board is not willing to go along and go to the sources was purely abritrary. for money wherever indicated. Big Group Held Back MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I would like to This whole group of teachers from the first year point out that the employe of the Board who failed through the fifth is put into the hands of that ar- in that case is the man who has charge of the Tax bitrary, irascible Board of Examiners and they will Bureau now, he is your attorney. determine arbitrarily whether these teachers move THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. Ashton ? on or not, and you have put the greatest possible MISS HALEY : No, I don't mean Mr. Ashton. incentive before the Board of Examiners to do that The attorney for the Board of Education had twen- very thing. It was done before this when the Board ty-six days in which to decide whether he should adopted a schedule it could not pay, they took advan- bring suit or not. On the day when suit had to be tage of that kind of a barrier with the result as brought he did not know what was to be done and shown in this report ( referring to report published was not prepared. He had twenty- four hours to do last week, p. 2) , that at the end of three years on it and he was not prepared to do it then, and I asked that schedule 61 teachers out of 2,500 were drawing him if the Board is willing to do it if he was will- the maximum, and the rest of the 2,500 teachers did not get it. ing, and he said he didn't know, and yet any new Tax Bureau that you have is simply in the attor- They were not allowed even to start toward it, ney's office, in the hands of that same man. Maybe they were held back in the seventh year, by that he will do something, I will have to see him do barrier and they didn't even move into the it first before I will believe it. eighth or ninth year. When they did start mov- Teachers' Schedule Drawn by Principal ing they had to go through the eighth and ninth Now, Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask about year to get the maximum, and they were held back. this : It says the Superintendent of Schools, aided It was 11 years after the Board adopted that rec- by representative groups of teachers and super- ommendation, before the teachers drew it, they were visors , prepared this schedule. I wish to say held back. In the meantime every high paid of- that except for one teacher, and I think that ficer and principal over there in the educational sys- was an accident, there was not a single reg- tem had had their salaries increased several times , ular elementary class room teacher in that group . and those people were reaching the maximum. There were eighty- one persons, but there was one Cut Salaries or Raise Tax Rate? teacher who had been a specialist and who reverted Of course, the alternative is for the teachers to again and became a regular, and I think maybe be- go out and work for an increase in the tax rate. I tween the time she was put on and the time her presume it means the teachers are to go out and name was published, she became a regular elemen- ask the people to raise the tax rate. If the teachers tary teacher. She may have possibly gotten on by do not do it, it is not at all likely that the tax rate mistake and may have been an elementary teacher at will be raised ; if the teachers oppose it, and the the time she was appointed. But outside of that one teachers have taken the position that the tax rate there was not a single regular elementary teacher in ought not to be increased, that that is not the trouble this group, and I want to say, too, that the elemen- with the revenue . The trouble with the revenue is tary teachers didn't know anything about this sched- that property is not assessed as it should be. They ule until it was brought to the light of day and hope to address themselves to that. presented . The person who prepared it and presented it, who If it is put up to the teachers it is either a cut in was the Chairman of the committee who handled salary or go out and get an increase in the tax rate, this schedule for the elementary teachers, was a and I submit, Mr. Chairman, it is very unfair to the principal . That may not be news and it may be teachers, I believe this is a very unfair thing to do. news . I would be very glad to have a copy of that reso- Clear Up Doubts Now lution to see just exactly what it is . I wish to take issue then with the statement in THE CHAIRMAN : We have one alternative or there that there was a careful investigation pertain- the other. You know we have already gone to the ing to the compensation now being paid. I wish to expense of establishing a tax bureau within the attor- say there was no careful investigation made by the ney's office, and that we realize that there is a people who are getting the lowest salaries. field for profitable operations, so far as the Board I want to point this out now, if after this sched 1 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 13 ule is adopted you have the same kind of complaint $1,500 and $ 1,600, draws those low salaries-I don't we had after the 1922 schedule, I am sure the Board see any great happiness that comes to the teachers in will hear from it, because they heard from it then. that group, and there are thirty per cent, Mr. Chair- That time it was left in the twilight zone as to what man, of the whole teaching force in that group. anybody was to be paid. I don't know now whether And then this barrier besides that is put up and any of these teachers , these special teachers who made more stringent. I want to point out that it is are now drawing $1,725 for their first year will not a very hopeful outlook. I think it is a matter draw $ 1,725 for their second year. Mr. Gilbert of very deep regret that there cannot be some defi- thinks they will. I asked Mr. Gilbert about what nite arrangement, and I hope it can be worked out, he, as Secretary, would do if this schedule was like that statement that is made by the Superintend- adopted. Here is a teacher who starts out in the ent. He has not fully formulated it. Maybe that first year with the could be so formulated, Mr. Chairman, that it would THE SECRETARY : Miss Haley, Mr. Chair- save that trouble. I think it would be very well worth consideration . man, if you please : I told Miss Haley I had not even studied that schedule and I have no knowledge THE CHAIRMAN : The committee will take of how the schedule is to be operated till after it notice of your remarks, Miss Haley, and if the passes the Board and the various organizations in the points you make are deserving of consideration, I Board who are interested in the schedule will have am sure that consideration will be extended. We to work out the operation of the schedule. I made have the assurance of the Superintendent that if that very plain to Miss Haley because I purposely any inequities have crept into this proposed arrange- refrained from going into this schedule matter . ment, that certainly his office, and I am sure the MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, we cannot re- Board, would not lie passively quiet without taking frain from going into these things before, because some steps to modify and readjust the arrangement after they have happened nobody can do anything . in order to work justice and work equity. I take If these teachers who are expecting next year to this thing to be a continuous proposition, a living thing that will be worked over and mulled over draw $ 1,875, and they stay on $ 1,750 for five years or four years, I don't know how many Board constantly in order that the teaching force do get consideration from the members of the Board . members will hear about it, but a good many of the teachers themselves will hear about it, and the way Teachers Refuse to Rob One Another this is worded, Mr. Chairman, I don't see there is MISS HALEY : I would like to say, Mr. Chair- anything else can be done but leave them on that man, on behalf of that portion of the 4,298 teachers salary. who are regular elementary class room teachers, I believe, between now and the time this is pre- they are a pretty large number-all but about 300 sented to the Board, it will be for us to decide of them, I think—I know for those people that their whether some definite provisions ought to be made policy has never been to want any increases granted that will make it clear, what is meant by keeping to them at the expense of the other teachers. They the present schedule alive. I would like to show you have always asked that the younger teachers be given what I mean. Here is a teacher now drawing consideration, and I know they will deeply regret that $1,500 ; next year she should draw $ 1,625, instead any money is taken away from the younger teachers she will draw $ 1,550, the next year $ 1,600, next and given to those people at the maximum . year she will draw $1,800, and she will stand to lose, Mr. Chairman, if we present such an amendment that teacher will lose $75 the first year, in all she -it is not an amendment, because there is not even will lose $300. a recommendation, it is only a suggestion if we can so word it that that will not cause that loss , that these Rob Peter to Pay Paul teachers will continue on the present schedule even THE CHAIRMAN : On the five years ? if they do not suffer diminution, if they would suf- MISS HALEY : Not five years , three years . She fer diminution by not getting the increase due them, will lose $300, she will lose $100 a year. If you will the committee give us a chance to have that are going to increase principals $ 1,000 a year and drawn up before this is presented to the Board ? cut off $100 for three years from that group of THE CHAIRMAN : I think whatever you have teachers , I don't think there will be much happi- to present, Miss Haley, you should present it now, ness in the system with what is called a raise. A and if you haven't it, then we will see that steno- good many of these people won't see any raise in graphic notes of what has transpired here this after- sight, when from the very first there is not enough noon are presented to the notice of the Superin- money to pay this schedule and something has to be tendent, and if he, in his judgment, believes that done, and it will be in effect only until something is there ought to be some modifications and comes to done, they will not see anything coming to them in us with a recommendation, I think the Board will be the future, and there certainly isn't anything for the very glad to co-operate with him . present, and I think it is a very serious mistake to MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I must say until call that kind of an arrangement a raise. It is a I came into this room this afternoon I did not for a very fine raise for those who get it, they may be moment suppose that that suggestion would be inter- very happy over it, but I don't see how they can preted as I now believe and am pretty sure-know feel happy taking it from the young teachers who it will be interpreted. That is the reason we did not make a recommendation. Our recommendation is need it. I think a young teacher starting at $1,500 a year, and expecting to get $ 1,625 the next year and based on a different interpretation . then $1,750, and then $1,875, and instead draw I supposed it meant the teacher drawing $1,500 14 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN this year would not go to $ 1,550 next year, she order to be present at the meeting of the Board. If would go to $1,625, the present schedule, for the sec- I can be here Wednesday I would like to . Can't ond year. After talking it over with some of the this be adjusted just the same ? people here who have the duty of interpreting the MR. HANSON : Yes , I think if you call a meet- schedule, they satisfy me that that will not be the ing, if there are three of us here, there are some interpretation. The teacher goes from $1,500 to $ 1,550, she does not suffer diminution, therefore, other things that ought to be looked into . that does not apply to her, therefore, that teacher THE CHAIRMAN : We can have the meeting will draw $ 1,550 . on Tuesday. We can let this go until Tuesday. We We had supposed until this afternoon that that are going to have another hearing on Tuesday. We have a few communications . applied to teachers who are not now in the system, teachers coming in in the future. It now means the ( The Secretary then announced a communication teachers in the system stand to lose, Mr. Chairman, from the Child Study Department in regard to their and that is what will always happen when people who salary schedule, which was referred to the Superin- are affected by these things have no voice when tendent. Another in regard to the Chief Clerk was things are being drawn up. Of course, you cannot read and referred to the Business Manager. ) expect people who are not going to lose out by this THE CHAIRMAN : So ordered, if there is no to look at it as carefully as people who are going to objection. If there is nothing else before the Com- suffer . mittee, we will adjourn until Tuesday at 10 o'clock- THE CHAIRMAN : We will call the Superin- this coming Tuesday at 10 o'clock. tendent's attention to this, Miss Haley. Adjourned until Tuesday, April 21, 1925 , at 10 o'clock. MISS HALEY : It ought to be, even though it is not part of the resolution . THE CHAIRMAN : If we act favorably on this The Chicago Daily Journal of April 27 published the following with reference to the meeting of the resolution this afternoon, as I anticipate we will, we Board of Education on that day-the day on which still have until Wednesday to make any amendments the new salary schedule was passed : that might be necessary. Prior to the meeting each member of the board MISS HALEY : Would it be possible, Mr. Chair- received a letter from the Chicago Association of man, to have an interpretation of that, as to what Commerce, reading as follows : that means ? "April 25, 1925. MR. HANSON : I think before Wednesday "The salary schedule for the Chicago public morning we should have that . I think there are sev- schools submitted by Superintendent McAndrew is eral matters in there about the same as that Miss a matter of importance to the entire community. In Haley is speaking of. I do not myself quite agree view of the public interest, I had the matter brought with the Superintendent's position on it, and I think before the executive committee of the Chicago Asso- before we pass it on the Board on Wednesday it ciation of Commerce at its meeting yesterday, and ought to be straightened out . am authorized by that body to advise you as a mem- ber of the board that in view of the necessity of MISS HALEY : First, I would like to know, adjusting salaries of teachers without further delay, is this in effect ? the proposed schedule is favored . MR . HANSON : Yes, I would like to put the Proposed After Study same question myself about the point you raise here. "We are informed that this was proposed as a MISS HALEY : Is it in effect, and if it is in result of thorough study and competent advice from effect what does it mean ? If we had that, there many sources as to the economic principles involved, would be some satisfaction in that. It does not mean and that it will present as near a solution of the we are going to be happy over a schedule that is go- problem as it is perhaps possible to obtain. ing to come to an end after it is adopted . " It occurs to me that you may find this expression as to the attitude of a business organization of value. THE CHAIRMAN : Anything else on the part I am accordingly writing each member of the board of the committee ? Are you ready for the ques- a similar statement of our views . tion ? Those in favor of the resolution say aye. "Very sincerely yours, Contrary, no. The ayes have it. It is so ordered. “ WILLIAM R. DAWES, We have considerably more business , but in view " President . " of the remarks of Miss Haley, calling our attention Miss Margaret Haley, business representative of specifically to some of the items that she questions, the Chicago Teachers' Federation and leader of the I believe we ought to have another meeting of the opposition to the proposed schedule, made the fol- Committee, say, Tuesday. lowing statement in answer to the letter from the Association of Commerce : MR . HANSON : I think so. "When did it become a scientific thing for the THE CHAIRMAN : Tuesday. I am sorry I Board of Education to raise salaries while it hasn't cannot be here Tuesday, but I have a business en- money to pay present salaries, while, in fact, it is gagement outside of the city. literally going on the rocks ? If anything were MR. HANSON : Can't you have it some other needed to convince the teachers that the so-called day? salary increase is not an increase, but a redistribution, THE CHAIRMAN : I won't be back until robbing Peter to pay Paul, this statement ought to Thursday. Perhaps I will be back Wednesday in convince them ." MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 15 The Ricca Salary Bill Schools Committee Telegram The Ricca Salary Bill, which passed both Houses The following telegram was sent to each member of the New York Legislature but was vetoed by of the Board of Education April 6, 1925 : Governor Smith, had the backing of the New Chicago, Ill. , April 6, 1925. York Teachers' Union, whose president, Henry Chicago Schools Committee at a meeting this R. Linville, writes to the BULLETIN that both the afternoon respectfully urged upon the Board of Board of Examiners and Dr. John L. Tildsley asked Education in behalf of increased efficiency of the the Union to distribute literature favorable to the schools system the early adoption of the salary sched- adoption of this measure. " It would appear from ule recommended by Superintendent McAndrew. this official confidence expressed in the Teachers ' The Schools Committee represents through its con- Union," writes Mr. Linville, “that we are recognized stituent organizations all ranks of Chicago teachers . as an effective agency in the things the officials would There were present and voting this afternoon the like to have done." ( It will be remembered that Dr. Principals' Club, George Howland Club, Federation Tildsley has long been an oppponent of the Union. ) of Women High School Teachers, Federation of The Ricca Salary Bill differed in principle from Men Teachers, Schoolmasters' Club , High School the new salary schedule just passed by the Chicago Teachers' Club, High School Central Council, Board of Education in the fact that instead of low- Teachers' League, Association of Assistants to Prin- ering the salary increments of teachers in early years cipals, Eighth Grade Teachers' Club, Kindergarten of service, it increased them. Entering elementary Association, Physical Education Club , Household teachers from kindergarten to 6-B, inclusive, were Arts Club, Elementary Manual Training Teachers" Club . to receive $ 1,525 (a slight increase ) , with yearly in- crements increased from $125 to $ 165 and the num- CHAS . B. STILLMAN, ber of increments increased from ten to eleven, President Schools Committee . making the maximum $3,340. LUCIE W. ALLEN , Entering elementary teachers from 7-A to 9-B, Secretary. inclusive, were to receive $2,050 ( an increase of $150 above the present schedule) and the yearly (Continued from page 2. ) increase for these teachers for nine years was to be it seems to me tomorrow would be the time to make $190, making their maximum $3,700 . This also was the schedule of teachers of special subjects an amendment changing it. It cannot be amended here.. (music, drawing, sewing, cooking, foreign languages, MR . HANSON : It cannot be amended here ? shopwork , physical training, vocational and trade teachers, etc. ) and for the Junior High school THE CHAIRMAN : It can be amended tomor- row . teachers . The schedule for the teachers having spe- cial licenses to teach sick, crippled, truant, open-air, MR . HANSON : Only tomorrow ? and sub-normal children was the same except that THE CHAIRMAN : I will say to the Commit- on entrance the salary was $2,060 and the maximum tee there are two more gentlemen who wish to be was $3,710. heard for not more than two minutes. Are you willing to hear them or shall we proceed with the The high school teachers' schedule ranged from budget? $2,100 (instead of $1,900) to $4,800, the increment being increased from $ 150 to $225. First assistants in high school and administrative assistants were to Send the BULLETIN details of what you think of begin at $4,500 and in five years reach $5,750 . school life as it affects either teachers or pupils. SUBSCRIPTION to Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin Name Address (Street and Number) City Subscription price $3.00 per year, $1.00 for three months . MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, Telephone Central 3904 . 16 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Tales Told Out of School Whispered in the corridor : " Lamentations in the " I don't like Lincoln, " said a little colored boy in Temple ! We are without Grace ! " one of Chicago's primary schools after the teacher * * * had given a talk on the Great Emancipator. "Why ? " asked his teacher. "Because, " was the reply, with a A six-year- old Chicago girl had absented herself look of scorn at the other colored boys who had from school for several days before she was discov- said they liked Lincoln, “because he had a cap made ered. She had gone home regularly at lunch time out of a little coon's skin ." and after school. She had a very pleasant room * * * and a popular teacher . But when she was asked why she had played truant she replied with force : " I was so d-d tired of that Little Red Hen ." The Teachers' Pension Board, at its meeting last * * * week, refused to raise the teachers' pension, as au- thorized by law, owing to the increase in the number Married women are making a career of teaching of teachers going out on pension because, as was in Chicago . The period of compulsory vacation in stated, they were unable to stand the pressure in the event of motherhood has been reduced from two schools . Information has reached the Board that years to one. This tendency of married women to many others are ready to do likewise . remain in the teaching force not only has enriched it from the point of view of experience but it has * * * greatly stabilized the teaching body, it has strength- ened the teachers' organizations and it has increased One woman principal in Chicago writes to an- and strengthened the pension fund. other : A little tribute to you. I met one of your * * * ten -year- old pupils not long ago and he was rather Principal to Teacher : "Do you not know that surprised when I informed him that I was a prin- if District Superintendent X finds you sitting down cipal. A little later he began this conversation : when teaching that you will be marked "Fair" and " So you're a principal, are you ? " that if you are marked " Fair" twice you will lose "Yes , I am . ” your position ?" And in that school the teachers are "Well, I hope you are not like our principal. ” actually standing throughout the whole of the class " Why, how is that ? " periods ! This reminds one that years ago when some such idea got abroad, Thomas Cusack, then "Oh, she flies around like a wild woman . You a member of the Board of Education, read the labor never know where she is. In the other school I laws of the state to the school officials calling their went to, we had a man principal. She's not like attention to the fact that these laws forbade em- him. Why, he sat in the office all day, and tended to his own business . She flies around all over." ployers obliging their employes to stand all day. * * * * * * The Teachers' Councils plan of Superintendent McAndrews , adopted by the Chicago Board of Edu- She is a Fourth Grade teacher and though a cation on April 8, does not provide for meetings of good disciplinarian, she is sympathetic and “human." the class-room teachers but allows delegates from One day the principal brought a 14-year-old boy in voluntary teachers' and principals' organizations to to join her class. He was awkward ; he had a send delegates to a conference with the members of repelling disfigurement in the nature of a big growth the supervisory staff on the call of the superinten- over one eye ; he slammed the door and took his dent. assigned seat noisily. * * * The teacher thought, “Here is another problem," The ukase demanding printing on the part of the and attacking it at once, as the class was dismissed pupils in the Chicago schools has created a large for the day she stepped over to the boy's desk and amount of criticism. An eighth grade boy in print- quietly asked him to stay a few minutes. ing his name made the initial letters of larger size She began, " Do you realize that you came into as he had been accustomed to do in writing. When the room so noisily as to disturb the whole room ?" his teacher told him this was an error he demanded " Why," he answered, " I don't know any other to know why there was printing anyway and was way to come in: Just show me how and I'll do it. " told that she did not know, that those were her Quite taken aback, the teacher gave the boy some orders. At home he said to his mother, " My teacher directions as to to the proper mode of entering a isn't allowed to use the intelligence she was born room and then she took another tack . It was before with." the day of free text books . * * * " I see that you have no books," she said. " If you By retiring members of the Chicago teaching force will bring a note from home to the principal explain- at 70 even with an annuity of $1,500 it is estimated ing that you cannot afford the books, I will be glad that the saving to the budget will be $60,000 yearly to get them for you without any cost." through replacing those receiving maximum salaries " Oh," said the boy, "never mind. Don't take the with others receiving minimum salaries. trouble. I hardly ever use ' em ! " City Council Number Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin VOL. II . 100 CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 14, 1925 DOUBLE NO. 5 AND 6 "Somebody is Going to be Fooled---AGAIN" P PR L OG A RE N SS ELE T AMENTARY C HER S INRES PPLRAOG & N A 3 # 250 S WEL 25 In the Next Issue : " Repressive Rules " of Board of Education 2 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Schools Committee of Chicago City Council Meets School Board Candidates Appear A communication to Mayor Dever and to the City Brieske invited Miss Haley, the representative of the Council was sent by the Chicago Teachers' Federa- Chicago Teachers' Federation, to address the Com- tion, May 4th, requesting the Council to refer to a mittee. Miss Haley discussed the serious situation committee the names of the six appointees to the in the school finances and the inequalities of the Board of Education which were presented to the salary schedule with $265,000 taken from the Council by the Mayor on April 27. The Federa- younger teachers and $1,000 each given to 265 prin- tion's communication is printed below. cipals . She also pointed out the rank injustice of At the request of Mayor Dever the City Council, the pending amendments to the rules of the Board on May 6, by unanimous vote referred these ap- of Education designed to be oppressive and to de- pointments to the Committee on Schools, Fire and prive the teachers of rights which they had gained Civil Service . after long and bitter struggle. The new appointees listened with marked interest to these statements re- The Schools Committee met at 10:30, May 8th, garding the rules and finances. Miss Haley also in the Council Committee room. Alderman Brieske, severely criticized the recent action of the Board chairman, and Aldermen Mills, Nelson, Coughlin , in holding long sessions behind closed doors and in Fick, Hoellen, Bowler, Clark, Adamkiewicz, Cron- son, Boutell, Pontow, Arvey, Wilson and Kaindl, refusing a hearing on the salary schedule, to the representative of the teachers . members of the Committee, were present, as well as At an executive session of the Schools Commit- Messrs. Mullenbach, English, Byrne, Schmid and tee held immediately after the public hearing the Ellicott, five of the Mayor's nominees ; a message six nominees of the Mayor received a favorable was received that the absence of Dr. Schiller, the recommendation for confirmation by the City remaining nominee, was due to illness. The room Council. was soon crowded, several other aldermen being present. Many stood throughout the meeting, which Federation Seeks Hearing did not adjourn till one o'clock. CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION Alderman Fick started the ball rolling by en- dorsing Dr. Schiller, and, further, by assuring the Office 1335, 127 N. Dearborn Street prospective school board members that this hear- Chicago ing was in no sense a reflection on the candidates May 4, 1925. who had been invited to attend it. To the Honorable, the Mayor and the City Council of the City of Chicago and the Members of such Council : A motion was made by Alderman Fick and sec- During the same hour in which His Honor, the Mayor, onded by Alderman Cronson inviting the School submitted to the City Council the names of six proposed Board appointees to make statements of their posi- new members of the Board of Education, the present tion with reference to cooperating with the City Board took action, which, if followed by the incoming Council. Board , may result in adding $25 yearly to the taxes on every $5000 home ( and other property in proportion ) there- Before the question was put several aldermen by increasing the burden of the tax-payers directly and took the floor. Aldermen Nelson and Mills made of all the inhabitants indirectly. extended remarks touching on the present unrest Your honorable body is therefore requested to cause the nominations of His Honor, the Mayor, to be referred to in the schools and the causes therefor. They the Committee on Schools , or to any other proper Com- pointed out the haste with which the platoon mittee, so that citizens may be heard before the Committee schools and the junior high schools had been or- before any nominations are confirmed. ganized and extended in the city in spite of the There is pending before the Legislature a resolution to submit an amendment to the Constitution to relieve this tax fact that, only a short time ago, the school situation- Senate Joint Resolution No. 4. Unless the Leg- authorities had . declared both to be mere experi- islature takes action at this session there is no present pros- ments. Alderman Mills gave an interesting ac- pect of relief for the tax-payers . count of the development of the official Teachers' This amendment gives to the Legislature power to classify Councils, which were proposed when he was a mem- property for taxation, to exempt classes of property that ber of the School Board nearly twenty years ago . should properly be exempt but which cannot now be legally Aldermen Coughlin and Bowler spoke, the former exempted and the taxing of which under our present laws amounts to confiscation. Illegal and corrupt practices of stressing the rights of teachers to their Councils tax- evasion and tax-fixing have created an intolerable sit- and the latter objecting strenuously to the manner uation. The attitude of the City Council and of the new in which the president of the School Board had Board of Education may be a controlling factor in cor- turned a cold shoulder to the intimation that the recting this evil. City Council had any rights which a member of the Under the present system of selecting the members of Board of Education was bound to respect . the Board of Education the Mayor nominates and each Alderman casts one vote as the representative of the people Following the statements of the aldermen which of his ward. The responsibility rests upon the City Council and each member thereof to make such inquiry before vot- are printed here the motion to hear from the nom- ing that the people may reasonably expect that their in- inees was unanimously carried. The five nominees terests and those of their children will be protected. spoke briefly. Their statements are here printed Respectfully submitted, in full. THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION, After the statements by the nominees Chairman MARY M. ABBE, President. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 3 e Excerpts from the Stenographic Report of Proceedings Before the Com- mittee on Schools, Fire and Civil Service, in the Committee Room, City Hall, Chicago, Friday, May 8, A. D. 1925, 10:30 O'Clock A. M. bi The Committee called to order by Chairman Alderman Fick : My only anxiety in this prop- Brieske, who presided. osition is that the people of our wards hold us responsible because of the situation in the school Roll call by the Secretary, Mr. Harrah, showed system . They do not hold responsible the mem- pre 0 the following members present : Alderman Nelson, bers of the Board of Education ; they do not hold Alderman Mills, Alderman Cronson, Alderman responsible the Board of Trustees ; they hold us , ‫ال‬ Fick, Alderman Adamkiewicz, Alderman Bowler, absolutely hold us responsible. We make our Alderman Boutell, Alderman Coughlin. There were also present : Mr. John A. English, Mr. Edward B. campaigns upon the basis that we are going to 2 give them a greater and better public school sys- McEllicott, Mr. Theophilus Schmid, Mr. Charles R. tem, better education, and everything else, and SA 25 Byrne, Mr. James Nullenbach. the result has been in the many years, as we all Alderman Fick : Is this meeting for the pur- know, for the past number of years we have not pose of approving the gentlemen who have been had any voice in the matter whatsoever, and they appointed to be our trustees on the School Board ? have given us about as much consideration many Chairman Brieske : Yes . times as they would have given to a rat. That is a bald and broad statement that I have made, Alderman Fick : I will say to you I am ready but I make it because I know what I am talking to vote for Dr. Schiller. I have known him for a about. great many years and have found him to be a man of integrity, a fair man, a business man and one who What I want to know is, how these gentlemen knows the difference between right and wrong. stand. Are they going to be fair with everybody concerned ? Are they going to consider that the "Yes" Member Rebels Council has a right to raise its voice in the In so far as the others are concerned I am going operation of the schools ? Are the aldermen to make a frank statement at this time. I have sat going to be considered when they make a sug- in the Council for many, many years and I have gestion ? I want everybody to get a square deal, been a "Yes" member on all appointments sub- the Council, the teachers and everybody. mitted by the Mayor with reference to those names Alderman Adamkiewicz : What was your that were submitted by him for our approval to be motion ? members of the Board of Trustees, but the time Alderman Fick : That we hear from the five has arrived, Mr. Chairman, when I am going to gentlemen present how they stand . rebel. I feel at this time that I, as one member of Alderman Cronson : I will second Alderman this committee, want to know more about these Fick's motion . gentlemen. I as one member of this Council want * * * to know these men, I want to know what they stand for ; I want to know whether they will treat Alderman Nelson Protests * * * the City Council as they ought to be treated and not tell us, after once confirmed, that we have abso- Alderman Nelson: In my opinion the mem- lutely no voice in the affairs of the school system ; bers of the City Council haven't a more impor- that our only function in the whole proposition is to tant duty to perform as representing their ward pass the budget as they submit it to us, and in the than to look carefully into the appointment of matter of vacation of streets and alleys for the members to the Board of Education ; there is not school system, to make those approvals. any public activity, I do not know of any public Now, I want to know from each and every office, in my opinion, that is more important than one of these men whose names are submitted as membership on the Board of Education. It has members of the Board of Education how they to do not only with the administration of school are going to stand with the Council ; how they affairs, but legislative as well, and while the are going to stand with the teachers ; whether members of the Board of Education receive no they are going to give everybody a square deal , salary I think their responsibility is greater than and will they listen to reason. any executive, judicial or legislative position within the gift of the people, almost without ex- Alderman Bowler : I would suggest that the ception. names of the people be read at this time, and as they are read will they please stand up so we will I presented a resolution May 21, 1924, in the get a chance to see them. City Council dealing with the matter of the oper- ation of the junior high schools in the public Chairman Brieske : Mr. Secretary, read the list of the appointees . school system, and clearly recognizing that the Council has no jurisdiction over Board of Edu- (Each candidate for school board honors there- cation affairs in so far as being able to dictate or upon rose as his name was called and was iden- interfere in any way, but recognizing neverthe- tified.) less that as representatives of the public we are 4 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN in a position to reflect, to a certain extent public ers , or Association of Commerce, Federation of sentiment and public desire. This was the reso- Laoor, or anybody to be heard on it. Here was lution I introduced : the school season terminating in June, the par- (Alderman Nelson read from page 3064 of the ents throughout the City of Chicago were wor- Council proceedings, the resolution authorizing the ried all summer for fear that their school might Council Committee on Schools to conduct an investi- be designated as a junior high, and the children gation of the matter of the Junior High School sys- under the sixth or under the seventh grade be tem and to invite the Board of Education and transferred to other schools, parents who had Superintendent of Schools to be present at public rented apartments, who had bought homes in hearings to give definite information as requested by order to be closely adjacent to some schools, so the Council. ) that their children would not have to cross car It prevailed unanimously. Copy of this reso- tracks and boulevards , were worried all summer. lution was sent to the Board of Education, to the You could not get from the Board of Education Superintendent of Schools, with a courteous let- a bit of information as to what schools might ter of invitation, the same as we would send to be converted into junior high schools . any citizen when we had a matter that affected Mass meetings were held to protest ; delega- an ordinance, or anything else that affected the tions went to the Board of Education. The Presi- public generally, to be present at a meeting of dent of the Board, the Superintendent of Schools, this Committee . refused information. They said they were still Board Discourteous to City Council investigating, and it was not until the school We received a letter from the President of the term opened in September that the parents and Board of Education, Mr. Moderwell, that lacked the public of Chicago knew definitely what courtesy, that said in very curt, cold terms, that schools were going to be converted into junior the Board of Education was charged with the high schools. responsibility of administering the public school Board Provokes Rebellion system, and that they would not be present ; Now, that is an attitude and an action that that if we cared to we could be present at the Lane Technical High School, where hearings, or causes rebellion in the minds of the public against any public official. If the City Council where classes were being conducted for the teach- attempted anything like that, we would have ing force of Chicago, and where members of the University of Chicago were giving information mobs in the corridors, if we attempted to pass an ordinance affecting even a part of the public, on this subject of junior high schools . without according them a hearing in open court, Now, the resolution in its first "Whereas " we would not only be criticized, but there would clearly stated that we recognize that the Board of Education is charged with that responsibility. be action taken to see that members of the City We merely asked them as a courtesy to the Council that were responsible for such action would not return to the Council. Council to come over here and discuss this very important subject and give us information. It Now, the same action was taken on the platoon was refused. Only one member of the Board of system . Here is an article in the Chicago Eve- Education came over here, Trustee Coath at- ning Post, as recent as April 17th, this year. tended that meeting. The Superintendent of Platoon System in Public Schools to Be Permanent- Schools was absent, and it is that action to which Superintendent McAndrew Confident Plan Is a Success. we object, and the action of the Board in insti- Adoption of the platoon system as a permanent policy tuting not only this radical change of junior high for the public schools of Chicago was seen today as a school and platoon system, but other decided result of an announcement at the board of education changes in the school policies without giving the that the system is now " well beyond the experimental representative citizens like the Council, or any stage." element of the citizenry an opportunity to be The latest grade school to be platooned is the Lloyd, heard. at 2103 North Lamon avenue. Others recently con- verted into the "shift" schools are the Scanlan, 11727 Revolutionary Changes Rushed Through Perry avenue ; the Stewart, 4525 Kenmore avenue, and the Ryerson, 646 North Lawndale avenue. They adopted changes that the record of the Superintendent William McAndrew, it was said, is Board of Education shows clearly were to be now fully convinced the platoons here will be a success . merely an experiment, and under the guise of an Aided by Milwaukee Election. experiment they got it through the Board, and His attitude has been strengthened by the recent just as soon as they had the authority to insti- election in Milwaukee, where candidates backing the tute that change, they went ahead and made the platoon system were elected as school trustees in a change permanent. Plans were made to put it hotly contested election. into effect. For instance, there was the junior Many of the school principals, it was said, have high school. That was adopted on May 14, 1924. also been converted to support of the platoon system. This is, in part, due to the intensive educational cam- The action of the Board on May 14th author- paign which has been carried on, and partly, it is said, ized the Superintendent of Schools to institute to the fact that they receive extra pay for double- shift schools . The proposed McAndrew salary junior high schools in five schools that were des- schedule, however, eliminates this bonus. ignated in the resolution, and such other schools Plan to Be Extended. as in his judgment he saw fit ; but the state- ments were made there that day that it was The opening of the school year in September, it is predicted, will find a majority, or at least a very great simply to be an experiment. No opportunity was number of the grade schools operated under the given to any civic organization, parent or teach- platoon system. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 5 W The installation of the system has been repeatedly mending the establishment of the platoon school as opposed by the Chicago Teachers ' federation as being pa unfavorable alike to the teacher and the pupil. an experiment, Mr. Smietanka said : Wo "The report before us is a declaration of policy and 18 On April 18th the Post said editorially, under I do not see any objection to adopting it at this time. the heading, The question of carrying out the policy, as the Super- 21 The Platoon System Expands. intendent states, is a matter for subsequent action on ek the part of the Board. The Superintendent may come The unfortunate part of the whole situation from in after surveying the field and recommend to us and the viewpoint of the neutral observer, however, seems we can, if we see fit, accept his recommendation or to be that a comprehensive platoon system has been reject it. He may come in and limit the number of slipped into the elementary schools before the Chi- schools for experimental purposes , say to four, and it E cago parents have had an opportunity to learn which will be up to us at that time when the question is pre- side of the argument is right. sented to pass upon it. Hence I will move at this time Now, as Alderman Fick well stated , while we the adoption of the report as it is." have not an iota of authority or jurisdiction over Does This Look Like Experiment ? school affairs except the responsibility of con- firmation of trustees, the general public of Chi- All throughout you will find in the minutes of cago, our constituency, as members of the the Board of Education that these radical Council , seem to think because we confirm mem- changes in policy were adopted, and the minutes bers of the Board of Education that we have a show that they were to be experimental , and voice in school affairs ; and the first ones that that was the excuse given for not according to receive a kick back in the way of a grievance , the parents, civic organizations, teachers and the recital of a grievance, are the members of the others , a hearing-simply an experiment. "Why City Council ; and I take it that it is the purpose should we hold a hearing ? We have the author- of this meeting to simply seek to impress upon ity and there should not be any criticism if this you gentlemen who are nominees for that impor- Board experiments ." But instead of experiment- tant position of a school trustee , that the Council ing they went ahead and mapped out there is as citizens, not as having any particular author- now a building program over there contemplat- ity, but as representative citizens, would like to ing the erection of 17 schools to be junior high have you, upon your confirmation and taking schools . That does not look like an experiment. office in the school system, cooperate with the It looks as if that Board were attempting, with- City Council, at least to listen to suggestions ; out giving the public a hearing, to fasten onto the particularly, I think, that we have a right to say public school system of Chicago as a permanent to you, any nominee for the position of member institution a policy of teaching, a policy of educa- of the Board of Education , that you ought to tion, that the public may not want. In fact, they subscribe to the principle of a hearing before any have heard enough criticism to put them in a action is taken on any important matter affecting frame of mind where they know and really hon- the school system ; an important matter, such as estly believe the public have made up their minds making a radical and decided change in policy ; they do not want it. because there isn't anybody in any legislative or administrative capacity in any branch of our It is to prevent a repetition of the action of Government, I believe, that should not subscribe the Board, of the people that have been in a to the American policy of a hearing to the con- majority on that Board for the last twenty or stituency before any action is taken. twenty-two months, that we take your time this morning to recite these facts, particularly em- Platoon Slipped in as Experiment phasizing that while there is no desire on the part of the Council to interfere with your official I might go on to point out any number of acts duties, we would like the same amount of co- of the Board of Education, that is going out of operation that we ask for a citizen in any walk office now. For instance, on the platoon system , of life when a matter is presented to the City to show you that it was intended to be experi- Council . mental, here is a copy of the minutes of July 9th. * * * Superintendent McAndrew in discussing it says : "Is there any danger of even this Board of Educa- Alderman Coughlin Renews Request for tion drifting away from its original efforts ? Before you ever heard of the present Superintendent of Teachers' Councils Schools, this Board appointed an Educational Com- mission years ago. Your Educational Commission Alderman Coughlin : Mr. Chairman, I intro- brought in a report recommending an experiment with duced a resolution at the last meeting of the City the platoon system. You referred that report to the Council which I think would be in order. May I Superintendent of Schools, and the Superintendent of Schools made a report upon that report and recom- have it read ? It was unanimously adopted by the mended its adoption. Committee. "The first thing you know you will be in the position Chairman Brieske : It might be alt right to of thinking that the Superintendent of Schools is read that. bringing a platoon system to you and wants you to try it, which is absolutely contrary to the facts. Your ( Whereupon the clerk read the following :) own Commission made the investigation, made its report. The last paragraph recommends that you ex- "WHEREAS, the City of Chicago has one of the best periment carefully, testing results as you go along with equipped and operated public school systems, and its the platoon system. Now, if the Board of Education teachers and principals are very efficient, and the most wants to recommend seven schools or seventy schools , learned men and women in this our American Land ; and it is the business of the Superintendent and his staff, as éxecutives to carry out the wishes of the Board." "WHEREAS, it is the intention of his Honor the Mayor and the City Council of the City of Chicago to give to In making the motion to adopt the report recom- the school children of this our beloved city the most 6 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN that can be had in every way possible, by equipment children , because they are not working with chil- or otherwise, and also by the counsel and advice of the dren ; just the same as a member of this Council, if various bodies organized that make up our educational system, organized for the betterment, proper regulation we were out for four or five years and were not in and understanding of its various governing and ad- as a junior alderman, we would not have that experi- visory bodies ; ence . Give to those who have the hard knocks in "THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, That we, the members life. You do not know . Give to those who teach of the City Council of the City of Chicago, recommend the child first to take the little American flag in his to the members of the Board of Education to call meetings of the Teachers ' Councils, to recognize them, hand, teach the boy and the girl to become Ameri- and to meet in peaceful and harmonious manner and cans. Give to those who teach who George Wash- for an honorable agreement, to sit in the councils when ington is in their school books, and so forth. Give called or assembled, to promote the welfare of the recognition to those who are entitled to every con- school children of the City of Chicago, and to give sideration. them the benefits that might be derived from the knowl- edge and association of the teachers of the City of Stop Turmoil and Strife Chicago , or any duly authorized committee appointed to act for the Council; and If I were a member of a school board my first "BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That a copy of this reso- thought would be towards the teachers. I was edu- lution be sent to each and every member of the Board cated here in the public schools of Chicago, in the of Education of the City of Chicago .” Jones School, at that time at Clark and Harrison Alderman Coughlin : Now, Mr. Chairman, I Streets , then at Van Buren Street, then where it is introduced that having only in mind the harmonious now, at Federal Court and Harrison Street. There idea in our city. Alderman Nelson has reviewed al- has been no one nearer to me in the world than my most everything in regard to the practical educa- teacher-next to my mother . tional idea. We are here to try to do everything we can to We are here assembled this morning to try to bring harmony, and why drive the teachers away ? pacify, and to get all interests together only in the Recognize their Councils ; receive their suggestions ; interests of the children of Chicago. For some un- receive their recommendations , both from the teach- known reason-I cannot understand it, I have tried ers and the principals. Let them all get together . to figure it out, why the present members of the We are now approaching a total of four million School Board drive the teachers from the Board people , and why should this turmoil and strife go on rooms ; drive them away from any knowledge which in our city ? There isn't any other city that is fighting they might get from them ; do not want to have any- like this . Why should it go on ? We are all Ameri- thing at all to do with them in any connection. We cans and we all love our land ; we love our schools had the same experience, I believe, when Superin- and love our children. We are here to do what we tendent Cooley was here ; and then later on when can for them, and why drive the school teachers other Superintendents were elected, then there was away ? a peaceful situation again. Chicago Laughing Stock Gives Teachers Square Deal To you men who are to be confirmed, I will say Now, we have the same thing under this man -I that I have no axes to grind with the School Board, do not know him ; I do not think I have ever met only to give to the teachers and to the school children him, but the children and the teachers of Chicago of Chicago a square deal. Why, we are the laugh- are entitled to consideration. We do not come ing stock of the entire country , and why is it a man here and invite you in here to drive you or to comes here unknown to us, that we do not know exact anything from you. What we wish is a anything about? Is he playing into the hands of the gentleman's agreement of honor. We confirmed enemy somewhere ? I do not know what it is, but a man at one time, a Mr. Loeb, and he gave us universities ? Is he playing into the hands of the his agreement of honor when nominated by every day we read the paper we find we are fighting Mayor Thompson. The following week or two and antagonizing the teachers of the City of Chicago . weeks after, he went back on everything that he Are they not human ? Are the fathers and mothers had said. The teachers are entitled to some- here that have been born and raised in the City of thing. They should be recognized as teachers . Chicago , are they not human ? Are they not flesh They should receive recognition. You take the and blood ? Then why not consider them , as mein- children and the teachers in the lower grades, in bers of the Board of Education, in a humane way grade 1 , where the little kindergarten boys and and a practical way, in a way that is for the inter- girls come to the school, and where do you get ests of all, including the school teachers of the City the knowledge of a practical suggestion, if you do of Chicago ? not get it from the teacher who rules over those I would only ask these men here-not as Mr. Loeb school children ? did who betrayed us to enter into a practical, un- Then go to No. 2 and No. 3, all the way on during written , gentlemanly , honorable agreement, to give the entire grades of the school. They send in writ- the school teachers a fair chance to be heard, and to ing through their Council certain recommendations receive them through their Councils, as was done which you men should receive. When we grow before when we were organized under the previous older in life we haven't got that knowledge that the Superintendent. children impart and the teachers receive from them . Alderman Hoellen : Realizing the importance We haven't got that knowledge ; the members of of close co -operation between the schools and the the Board of Education or Mr. McAndrew hasn't City of Chicago and the City Council, and, as has got the knowledge to promote the welfare of the been so ably spoken of by Alderman Coughlin and MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 7 Alderman Nelson and Alderman Fick, I believe it And then we said further : " Their cordial ac- is only fair to the teachers and the great mass of quiescence in the wisdom, justice and sincerity children of Chicago that we hear from the nominees of the policies they are called upon to promote efr today as to what their idea is as to co-operation be- must be secured, or their work will fall short SI tween the Board of Education and the City Coun- of the highest possibilities. In the nature of cil. They can in a very few words tell us what they things this acquiescence cannot be secured either believe and how the school system should be con- by preventing discussion or by ignoring recom- ducted along the lines of honest co-operation in or- mendations. To prevent discussion irritates ; to der to bring about the best results. I believe the ignore the results of discussion is disheartening. R nominees are successful business men, and they The important thing is not that the recommen- 证 realize that in order that their business may be a dations of the teachers shall be adopted by the success that they should have close co-operation be- Board regardless of their merits, but that they tween the executives in their particular line of busi- shall be considered in good faith upon their ness and their employes, regardless of what work merits . " And then the proposal in that report of the employe is doing, whether it is the lowest kind January, 1907, was : (1) " That the responsibility of work, that is, the smallest job or the biggest job of legislative authority and final control should in that particular establishment, there must be close be reposed in the Board, (2) that the responsi- co-operation between the different departments in bility of administrative authority and advisory order to secure the best results . direction should be reposed in the superintend- Mr. Chairman, I believe if it might be in order to ent, and (3) that advisory authority and respon- hear from the five gentlemen here today in a very sibility on educational subjects and the relation few words , following along the lines of Alderman of the teaching body to the school system, should Coughlin's remarks in having an honest expression be vested in the teaching body. " of opinion and telling us they will co-operate with Councils Abandoned our Committee, the City Council Committee, and Now, a little more history bearing upon these thereby with the people of the City of Chicago . Councils . * * * This was adopted in 1907, in the winter of Alderman Mills Reviews School Situation 1907. I had the privilege and honor of voting * * * for it. There was a change. That work was Alderman Mills : I happened to be a member thrown away in a few hours by the Board that of the Board of Education eighteen years ago , succeeded after a few of us were removed, or, and eighteen years ago last January, as a mem- rather, after the then mayor thought he had re- ber of the Committee on School Management, I moved us, the Supreme Court restored us in less voted for a report recommending to the Board than a year later, and we finished our terms . the passage of a report organizing the Teachers ' Later, when Mrs. Young came into the system , the Teachers' Councils were again organized and Councils , to bring about the very thing that became an articulate part of the system, and, as Alderman Hoellen has just spoken about as being the proper thing in the business world, and that Alderman Coughlin has said, peace reigned and progress obtained in the public school system . was the closest co-operation between the teach- ing force, who do the actual work, and the Board Councils Restored of Education, who settle the policies of the edu- Then there was another change of administra- cational system. The position taken by Alder- tion and the Councils were abandoned because man Hoellen is correct . up to that time they had not provided the rules Our marvelous material progress is very had not provided that they should be called as a largely due to the fact that we have encouraged matter of course . So that when Mr. Mortenson ideas and suggestions from the shops, from the came in, the rules were amended. I think that grimy hands that do the work. Most of the in- was in 1922, so that it became the duty of the ventions that have made for this marvelous mate- Superintendent of Schools-his official duty, just rial progress have not come from the swivel as much as to sign any paper that he might have chairs, but have come from the work bench, and to sign, or to make a report or recommendation to from those who have wielded the tools, who did the Board-it became his duty to call those the actual work . Councils at a certain time. Mrs. Young had ar- Teachers' Councils Essential ranged it so that the teachers were to meet on school time. Mr. Mortenson carried that out. In this great educational system it is the teach- ers who do the work. As was said in that re- It consumed, in the course of the year, eleven port, "Even if it were true that all goodness and hours , two and one-fifth days of school time. wisdom in affairs educational dwell with the But it was the most important-one of the most school authorities, the fact remains that in the important parts of the teacher's work. Why ? end their decrees must be executed by the teach- Because in those Councils you had assembled four ers .It is the teachers, after all, and not boards, times a year the teachers who were doing the committees, or superintendents, that must be de- actual work. They were there under conditions pended upon to give vitality to public school that made for free discussion. They were all education. " Their cordial co-operation"-your there. If it had not been on school time you very words, Alderman Hoellen "their cordial could not have required them to attend . co-operation is therefore essential." (Continued on page 10.) 8 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S City Council Committee Hearing The hearing before the Schools Committee on WEEKLY BULLETIN May 8 on the Mayor's school board appointees is Editor and Publisher unique not only in the history of Chicago but in MARGARET A. HALEY the history of the development of school admin- istration and in the selection of Boards of Educa- MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly during the year, excepting the months of July and August, tion everywhere. It marks an epoch in our his- and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. Haley. tory. Hence, the practically complete verbatim THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One report of the hearing in this issue. Dollar for 3 months. Single copies, 10 Cents . LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ALL CONTRIBUTIONS , including advertisements, must be Before Chicago goes shopping round for a school received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current issue. system it should get a cost expert who knows some- thing about overhead ; and such an expert should ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- consult the rank and file of the teachers . Houses able to the order of were an abomination to live in until the women who MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American had to do the work in them were consulted as to Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , how they should be built . Chicago Phone Central 3904 Alderman Coughlin's resolution of May 6th, unanimously adopted by the City Council and plac- ing that body on record for the restoration of the Minimum Essentials for Peace Teachers' Councils recalls the incident that just a A real teachers' council should be established. year ago, on May 7, it was, likewise, Alderman Coughlin who secured the unanimous adoption by Meetings should be held during school hours so that the City Council of another resolution of similar the councils will be by their very nature official import protesting against the refusal of the Super- bodies expressing the opinion and judgment of the intendent to call the Councils as then provided in teaching force . On all matters which affect the plan the rules of the Board of Education. and policy by which the schools are administered the findings of the councils should be transmitted direct to the Board of Education. An appeal has been sent by Secretary Hoover to all the public schools in the country asking co-opera- Salary should not be based on marks . There is tion in educating the children in the principles of no known system of marking which can evaluate highway safety. It is high time when 6000 children the " more or less " of a useful teacher. A teacher were killed by automobiles last year, one-third of the who is not good enough to draw the wage which totals deaths from this cause. It is interesting to pertains to the position should be separated from realize that no other agency except the public schools the system. She is dear at any price . can undertake the task of teaching the youngsters Salary schedules should not be voted when there the art of self-preservation in this world mad with is no money to pay them. That is the present situa- haste and speed. But 6000 children killed annually! tion. The teachers believe that a new taxing system More than 50 Iroquois Theater disasters ! One re- affords the only permanent relief. If a raise in tax members that when the battle of Marathon was on rate becomes necessary to maintain the schools the and the Spartans sent back for fifty boys the city case for the raise in rate should not be prejudiced fathers replied: "Not fifty boys ! No one knows beforehand by a raise in teachers' pay. what a boy may become ! We will send you one hun- The Chicago teachers are practically unanimous in dred men but not one boy !" their opposition to the Platoon form of school or- ganization . Their reasons are not personal or The day of the driver is past. In fact, the day of selfish . They believe the system to be educationally all tyranny is past. Fair treatment and considera- unsound and probably more expensive than the sys- tion are the essentials of all bosses' jobs. Arrogance tem now in use. They reached this conclusion after is always an indication of incompetence.-John Blake. investigation and full discussion. Their conclusions 4 were submitted to the Superintendent by the General Subscribers failing to receive the BULLETIN will Council and to the Board of Education at its meet- confer a favor upon the office by reporting the same. ing on June 25 , 1924. Telephone Central 3904 . Federation Meeting The school system is in a death grip with the tax system . Classes of from 40 to 55 will not result in Regular meetings of the Chicago Teachers' Fed- the kind of education which our modern society de- eration will be held in Corinthian Hall, 17th floor, mands . School systems are advancing, are pro- Capitol Building, corner of State and Randolph, on gressing. The antiquated tax systems must be the second Saturday of the school month , at 10:30. a. m. The next meeting will be on the 16th of May.. brought up to date to meet the emergency. I hope I may live to see the day when an unfet- Through the Chicago Teachers' Federation the tered start and a fair chance in the race of life is elementary teachers of Chicago secured a $900 in- guaranteed to every American boy and girl. Abra- crease in four years. ham Lincoln . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 9 tee Communications tees: but: Long Hours in High School this instruction a principal is granted power almost d A high school teacher writes to the BULLETIN over the lives of the teachers, a ghastly situation El which has aroused the teachers to a condition bor- commenting on the diagram in the issue of April 16 dering on desperation . (p. 3) entitled The Larger the Group, the Smaller The above information in regard to marking teach- the Salary : ers was given me by a teacher whose principal re- "Why word the line in this way ? Is it to create a ceived it from the District Superintendent who , in feeling of injustice done the elementary teachers ? turn, in giving these instructions to the principals Speaking for high school teachers, I can assure you told them they were not his (the District Superin- that they are in favor of equal pay for equal prep- tendent) but they were orders that had been given aration and equal time and responsibility. to him to transmit to the principals. It seems that "Few people know that the high school teachers as in the old Loeb days some victims must be found teach longer hours than the elementary teachers and and any principal not finding victims will himself be victimized . at present under very much worse conditions than any elementary teacher." Kind Words The diagram was not intended to create a feeling E. H. Anderson , director of the New York Pub- of injustice. It was designed to represent a fact- lic Library, writes : “ We have in this Library a that small groups can be benefitted while large copy of Vol . 2 , No. 1 ( April 9, 1925 ) , of ‘ Margaret groups cannot under the present deplorable tax- Haley's Weekly Bulletin. ' Would it be possible for dodging situation in large cities. " Equal pay for you to send us all remaining issues to date ? We ゴ equal preparation and equal time and responsibility " are keenly desirous that our collection of publica- is a slogan under which all teachers would do well tions should render the utmost service to interested to unite. readers. In this effort your publication would be of Forcing Teachers Out great and permanent service." * * * A Chicago teacher writes : The state of unrest, anxiety and utter hopelessness of the teachers is Thomas Cusack writes : Your Weekly Bulletin 1 such that I feel that nothing should be left undone of the 1st of May was handed to me last evening and that offers any hope of relief. At the Federation my attention directed to the fourth paragraph on meeting Saturday a teacher told me that principals the last page. It brought up recollection of inci- are being instructed not to mark every teacher in dents long forgotten and I very much appreciated their schools satisfactory ; that principals would not the kindly memory of the service I was able to ren- be made to feel unhappy if they did not mark them der then and had forgotten during the busy years all satisfactory but they might be very unhappy if that followed. I trust there will not be a further they did so mark them all. This seems to indicate necessity for the reading of the Labor Laws to your a determination to get rid of a large number of superintendents . teachers so as to reduce the number of teachers in the system. The amount of the salaries which would It is impossible for us adequately to conceive the be paid to the teachers thus squeezed out will be boldness of the measure which aimed at universal available to pay the so-called increase as a compen- education through the establishment of free schools . sation to the intimidated teachers who remain. By -Horace Mann . SUBSCRIPTION to Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin Name Address (Street and Number) City Subscription price $3.00 per year, $1.00 for three months . MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor , Suite 1335, American Bond & Mortgage Bldg ., 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. 10 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN (Continued from page 7 years ago to get away from the Thompson regime It is important in any advisory proposition in school matters, we did not succeed, for, on that we have the advice of all. Everybody is the 23rd of May, Dr. John Dill Robertson, then wiser than anybody. the President of the Board , made a farewell ad- So these Councils were held, and, after Superintendent McAndrew came dress, and I have it here ; somebody kindly sent here, about six weeks after he came, he called it to me at the time ; and in that, after speaking the Councils in the regular way as the rules pro- of the junior high school and the platoon school vided . The Councils met about the middle of and the Educational Plan Commission, he says this: March, 1924. In thirty-nine district groups the teachers met ; in the district councils, that is ; "To illustrate for example. Take the so-called and those thirty-nine Councils, most of them, platoon system. Fifty-four cities and towns of voted for more light on the question of the junior the United States have adopted it for grammar high schools . Most of them-I can't give the grades." exact number, but I think it was something over I want you to note this, gentlemen : thirty, voted against the platoon school. Miss Haley : No, all of them . Robertson Admits Educators Oppose Platoon Councils Vote Against Platoon " If adopted in Chicago it would save this city in the next few years more than one hundred mil- Alderman Mills : All of them voted against lion dollars in new buildings . Personally I am the platoon. Now, what happens ? This ad- sold to the idea. " Dr. Robertson says : “ But visory body, this essential part of the educational what would happen if the Board of Education de- system, this most essential part, because it was cided to inaugurate it ? Certain educators in and the avenue of communication and co-operation out of the system would rise up and it would be from the teachers who do the actual work, impossible to put it into effect ; the people would through the directing heads, the Superintendent, not understand what was meant by it. Public and through him the Board of Education that opinion might make it impossible for the Board settles the policies-what happened ? Immedi- to proceed, and the one hundred million dollars ately the Councils are to be wrecked, despite their which I am convinced could be saved to the tax- very vital and essential work in the system, prob- payers thus would not be saved. On the other ably because they opposed the platoon plan . hand, if this thing could first be projected by the What is back of this ? Great amazement has School Plan Commission, and thoroughly ex- been expressed here—and no wonder-that these plained to the people of Chicago, it would at least things are taking place, and we do not yet realize have an opportunity for a fair hearing. " the extent of them . I wonder what it is ? I join Now, part of that program he suggests is car- with the aldermen who spoke first, and I am ried out. On the 12th of December, 1923, a few grateful to them for giving that word at the be- months after this speech by Dr. Robertson, not ginning, in saying to these gentlemen that there a School Plan Commission by name, but an Edu- is no reflection upon anybody in the fact that you cational Commission was appointed, and it was have come here. Names have been sent to the constituted to carry out this purpose. Certain Committee before. As Alderman Nelson pointed cities were visited. A report was made, and on out two years ago there was an emergency, and that Commission was an elementary school prin- the rules were suspended and the nominations cipal , Miss Rose Pesta and I mention the name put through at once. That came about by the ac- because it is a name that will be honored by the ceptance of resignations that had been in the people of Chicago-she had the courage to bring Mayor's office for a long time. It was felt that in a minority report against this system. there were certain educational policies and plans pending that were undemocratic, in the large Platoon Harms Children 1 sense , of course, that were not for the best inter- Some of you gentlemen know that I have twice ests of the schools . So those resignations were taken the floor in the City Council, about a year accepted and the new members appointed ; and ago , to defend the Board of Education in its they are men of high character and standing- right to go outside and hire anybody ; and that men and women. They are men of that character, afterwards I was obliged twice to take the floor 1 and all of them have done these most astounding and condemn the utterly uncalled for and almost things. Why ? scandalous haste with which they were introduc- Councils Ruthlessly Abolished ing the junior high schools. I said then, and I They have abolished the Teachers' Councils. am still saying, that I took and I take no posi- They have introduced in this hasty, arbitrary, tion upon the merits of the junior high school ; stealthy way, if you please, the junior high whether it shall be a good thing depends very schools and the platoon schools, as Alderman much on how it is to be administered; but I did Nelson had pointed out. Why, then, do men of say, assuming that it is altogether desirable for this character do that? It is because there is the people of Chicago, we might far better wait a an invisible power that somewhere is directing year or more and have it given a start under a the system. So I am glad that these gentlemen fair condition . are here, that they may know in advance what Alderman Nelson has shown you what was the pressure will be. I do not know what the done. I do not intend to go into that. The purpose is, but when we organized the Board two platoon system has been even more flagrant, and MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 11 egi Dr, there I do not hesitate to say that it is a thing any time ; it will not disturb me, because this is ‫ا‬ utterly undesirable and harmful in the lower not a set speech . I may be showing unusual ear- grades . There may be some who think the other nestness, but it is because of my experience as a way, but let me say to you, gentlemen, you teacher as a young man, my heart is always with kir the children, and, Gentlemen, we cannot shift younger men who have a direct interest, such as cha Alderman Coughlin and I have not ; our chil- this responsibility and say it is the Mayor's mat- dren are educated and gone to the field of active ter. We have an obligation to the children, born life ; but some of you have children in the schools, and unborn , to make no mistakes in what we do alle and so you have that direct, vital interest. Let in relation to the schools . S me say to you that what the little children need, Alderman Arvey : Alderman Mills, may I ask as Alderman Coughlin has so well said, is that a question ? they have that motherly contact with the teacher. The little things are afraid of their shadows . The Alderman Mills : Certainly. teachers are for a good part of the waking hours Alderman Arvey : Has not the Legislature of the child's life the foster mothers , taking the shifted the responsibility ? C place of the real mothers as far as it can be, and Alderman Mills : It has not shifted it. It has developing these little minds . delegated it to the Board of Education, and it has 2 Platoon School Permanent delegated the appointment to the Mayor and the City Council, just as the Federal Constitution I say to you that for children of those tender places upon the President and the United States years, it is a vicious thing to have them excited, Senate the responsibility of making appoint- have them running about from one place to an- ments to the President's cabinet, and within a other , to have two or three, or possibly four hun- few weeks the Senate has twice rejected the nom- dred or more children in school than there are ination of Charles B. Warren of Michigan for seats provided for ; to have them run about from Attorney General. one room to another, carrying their books and bundles and rubbers and wraps, it is a vicious Alderman Arvey : Why ? thing. If it is to be tried at all, it ought to be Alderman Mills : Because they believed- tried, as they said last July it would be tried, cau- Alderman Arvey : He was not fit- tiously as an experiment ; and then they come out having the first platoon school established, Alderman Mills : Whether rightly or wrongly, because he was too close , or had been connected I believe, on the 24th of February, this year, the day most of you gentlemen were elected , or re- with the sugar trust . elected, starting about that time, and now in this Alderman Arvey: Because he could not dis- past month starting another in the Lloyd School , charge his duties , and could not discharge his in the ward I represent, and now they say it has duties faithfully. Is not the only question before been proved a success in Chicago and that Sep- us whether these men are honest and able ? tember next will find a majority of the schools or, at least, a great number of them platooned . Alderman Mills : I am not talking about that. I am bringing before these men and you , Alder- Gentlemen, there is some purpose in this man, things that specifically presenting things action. Reasonable people do not act without that the average person does not know, and I some motive, and when they fail to give the real happen to know it, because of my experience on motive, I think we may justly assume that the the Board, and following the thing closely as a motive that is the real motive in their judgment result of that. will not stand examination . Alderman Arvey : In other words, this discus- Alderman Nelson : Alderman Mills, will you sion is simply for the purpose of enlightening pardon a question ? these new appointees ? Alderman Mills: Yes, sir. Alderman Mills : And the old aldermen also, Alderman Nelson : How many platoon schools if you please. Not that I wish to be considered have they in Milwaukee ? in any way as having anything over anybody Alderman Mills : I do not know. else. I simply happen to have paid dearly in Alderman Nelson : I understand just one. time for the experience that enables me to follow Alderman Mills : I did not know. Thank you. these things with great interest and with some, I think , discernment. Alderman Nelson : And that the election there was the re-election of the old board that had Now, then, what is the motive ? Let me read simply experimented with one school. Here we just a word from one of these gentlemen here, started an experiment on February 10th, and by Mr. Mullenbach, in the month of March, this April 17th they declared that policy is to be per- year, when this question was before the Commit- manent ; less than two months' trial ; or about tee on School Administration, which corresponds two months' trial. to School Management Committee of my day on the Board. Aldermen Responsible for Board Mr. Mullenbach, speaking on this question of Alderman Mills : I'am very grateful for this the abolition of the Councils, I have shown you interruption, and may I say, Gentlemen, any of the importance of the Councils-says , from the you in the room, I should welcome questions at record of March 10, 1925 : 12 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN ! " In moving that the Superintendent's recom- Now, then , about this platoon school. What mendations be not concurred in, Mr. Mullenbach is the purpose ? Why, Dr. Robertson gave it said : 'When the historians of the future look away. It is to save money . The Post editori- back, one of the chapters of immense interest will ally, on April 18th, says substantially the same be the tremendous reaction which took place in thing . " The obvious advantages are mainly the school system of Chicago in 1924-25, when financial," and it is done not only in an arbitrary, Councils were suddenly and ruthlessly with- and secret way, it is done without consultation drawn . or consideration or discussion . The board is No Democracy in Chicago Schools working this tremendous revolution , entirely changing the system and policies, in a stealthy ' I feel ashamed of the schools of Chicago when manner-for they say in July, 1924, it will be I think that the teachers have less to say about tried only as an experiment in a few schools , and their work than has the humblest sewing girl very cautiously. That is the official statement. in the manufacture of a garment . And now they come out boldly and say next ' How can we raise free citizens in a democracy September will see the majority, or, at least a when the guides and directors of our boys and great number, of schools platooned. girls are allowed no democracy in the school sys- tem ? I can see the industrial system organized Platoon to Save Money on an autocratic plan, but I never thought the I say to you, gentlemen, that it is a gigantic school system would reach the place where de- revolution that is being wrought here, and it is mocracy would be set aside and autocratic prin- being done by these same people under the tre- ciples would be introduced. Why a school board mendous pressure of La Salle Street, or the tax composed of citizens who believe in democracy dodging interests, or whatever you please to call support these other principles, I do not know . I it. Let me prove that. Following the action think Mr. Layman is absolutely right. The new plan would not be a teachers' council, nothing taken by the City Council, July 2, 1923, the but a hand picked conference of the Superintend- Board of Education , on November 26, 1924, dent . I move that we do not approve the plan adopted a resolution to secure needed revenue of the Superintendent. " for the schools by demanding the assessment of And yet that policy has been adopted. Why ? property now escaping taxation. Probably the original motive was that they That was adopted . Now, then , what has taken opposed the platoon schools . It was planned to place within a few days ? That Board of Educa- be carried out by the great tax dodging interests tion has passed a most astounding resolution . It of the city. They are in perpetual warfare has provided for an increase in salaries running against the children. But I come to that later. into the millions . That, mind you, to show you Business Seeks Cooperation-Board Repels It again the tremendous power of this sinister influ- ence , that Board of Education that abolished the Now, then, what does it mean when they ex- Teachers ' Councils , despite the value in the sys- pect the teachers to hold their Councils not on tem, as a measure of economy , and I said at the school time ? It means they won't all be present. time, you remember, Gentlemen , a year ago , that When they are expected to hold their Councils whatever the reason was , it was not economy, with a principal present, what does it mean ? It and I say now, whatever the reason was it was means you do not get the real voice of the not economy , and I think I have given the reason teacher. You do not get the real suggestions for today, that Board, which in its spasms of econ- good, such as you get in business, where the ex- omy abolished the penny lunches in the poor ecutive is welcoming co-operation and sugges- districts , discharged bath room attendants and tion all the way down to the humblest employe quit furnishing bath towels, that Board of edu- in the system. It means that the teachers , cation which in a single meeting in a certain almost none of the teachers would have the cour- school , the Wells School at Ashland and Chi- age, and you could not blame them, to criticize a cago Avenue, the Polish district, Alderman hobby of the principal that might be absolutely Adamkewicz- unsound educationally, but would persist and Alderman Adamkewicz : Yes, sir ; that is my curse our children because there was no chance district ; I know it. १ for freedom of expression. The children are entitled at our hands , Gentle- Cut Penny Lunches-Raise Salaries men, to be trained and educated by teachers who Alderman Mills : That school , where the have a sense of freedom and security in their teachers have worked for years to get certain ad- work. Can you see the difference in the work vantages for the children-at one meeting of the we do here , Gentlemen, during the campaigns Board of Education wiped out the day nursery, when we are fighting to keep or preserve the ten- the housekeeping classes, and closed out the ure of our official lives and the work that can be penny lunches at morning recess. The school is done afterwards , when we have a measure of a double division school. Some pupils are there security for a time ? And yet, that is the system before eight o'clock in the morning , and not a that is to be substituted for these free Councils few of them without their breakfast, and yet they that were started eighteen years ago, that were are so hard up , and you, gentlemen, know I am revived by Mrs. Young, that were intrenched in a stickler for economy , that they abolished the the system by Superintendent Mortenson, and penny lunches and the day nursery and the are now arbitrarily thrown away . housekeeping classes, and yet they come in with MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 13 W the most astounding proposition I have ever members of the Board realize the gigantic task heard of, and adopt an increase in salaries run- that is before them. I can remember about a gave editor ning into millions, when they are already over year and a half ago when a sub-committee was e sam fifteen millions in debt, when their deficit last appointed by this Committee, Aldermen Pontow, maich year was increased by two millions, and when Nelson and myself, and we went over to the that deficit will continue to increase four millions Board of Education on a question of vital inter- itrar ltatix this year, and when at the end of this year they est to everybody on the North and the Northwest ard will be twenty millions in debt-they come and Side. The question was the building of a Nor- adopt this measure, and provide in it-they show mal school either on the West Side or the North ntire they know what the are doing that if the people Side . ealt fail to adopt an amendment raising the tax rate * * * for educational purposes from 1.92 on the hun- dred to 2.92, an increase of a dollar a hundred in Now, I cannot understand for the life of me EDE valuation, then certain parts of it shall not be how for forty years a city like Chicago has run M effective. along with one Normal school. Here is a Nor- Teachers Protest mal school situated way over on the South Side . In order that the children from the ward that I Alderman Nelson : Isn't it a fact that the represent, say, Edison Park or Norwood Park , teachers never asked for this increase ? go to the Normal school, why they would Alderman Mills : The teachers protested have to travel about forty miles a day, which against it. would be a physical impossibility. They do it Let me quote to you a little bit on that, the for a week or so and then they tire of it and quit. : way in which that was done. On April 21st, At that time, you remember, Alderman Pon- when this matter was up before the Committee tow , the President of the Board of Education and on School Administration, Mr. Mullenbach said : the Superintendent of Schools , with two or three (At this point Alderman Mills read that stat- members of the Board promised us that when ment by Mr. Mullenbach printed in the last issue they built the new Roosevelt High School in of the BULLETIN . This statement was a pro- Alderman Jenson's ward at Kimball avenue and test against the illegal attempt to delegate to the Wilson, that in conjunction with that high school Superintendent the power to retard individual we would have a Normal school so that the chil- teachers on the salary schedule.) dren on the West Side and North and Northwest 1 Gentlemen , that suggests another thing that Sides would have a chance to become school fits in both with the abolition of the Councils teachers . I think that the only reason that they and also with this astounding increase of the sal- promised it to us was that they wanted to get aries against the protests of the teachers, in spite rid of us. They said, "All right, you can have of the tremendous deficit, amounting at the end anything you want." They would have given of this year to twenty million dollars, and in us the building over there in order to get us out spite of not having the money in sight to pay of the office . them with. Later on I may read to you that astounding resolution if you have the patience, Last Chance to Address Board but for the present let me say this : There has been talk for the past year about regrading, One thing more that has not been brought up about efficiency and so on . What does it mean ? here as yet, that is a disgrace to the City of Chi- It means that the Superintendent is to have cago, an absolute disgrace, and you know what I mean. I mean the portable school. I can take power, or the administrative system, over the lives, and living, if you please, of the teachers . you out in the district where I live and show you It means a system of salary groupings . That is the portable schools, with an old stove stuck in what they have in view on that line, the salary the corner, with the roof leaking and damp floors . groupings that will enable them to promote in Why, my father and my grandfather did not have the salary sense, in the pay sense, the sycophants to go into schools like that, and why should we and bootlickers, and to drive out of the system have to put up with such conditions ? This City the people of independence and character, and, Council unanimously passed a resolution against Gentlemen, let me say to you that no worse the portable schools , and still they are coming crime could be committed against the children and coming. They say it is temporary. Some of Chicago than to have their education and of them have been out there ten years, and they training entrusted to people of the sycophant are still putting more out there. In the Beaubien class entirely. School in my ward the children are in the assem- bly hall. There is no room at all, even with the We owe to the children everything that we classes going three hours a day, still they have can do to see that they are trained, that their no room, and still they keep on talking junior education is intrusted to people of independence and character, working under free conditions, high school and the platoon system. They talk about everything except the school children and and with a reasonable sense of security . giving them a square deal. I think it is about * * * time, and I know that the new members of the Alderman Bowler Demands Normal School Board that are going in there or at least I hope Alderman Bowler : Mr. Chairman, Ladies that we are going to get a voice over there. I and Gentlemen : No doubt by this time the new am talking now because I may never get a chance to talk to the Board of Education again. 14 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Good Riddance to Bad Rubbish mothers and fathers of the West Side and the North Side . I have been over there several times, and they * * * listen to you and they figure it is good riddance to bad rubbish when you get out of the room . They think that any time that you make any sort (The motion that the school board candidates of a statement to them that you are usurping be heard was now put and carried and the can- their power. didates were invited to speak.) We have a Superintendent who has sent letters Statement by Edward P. Ellicott to the members of the City Council telling them Mr. Ellicott : Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen : he is very sorry that the people have come to I want to make it perfectly plain to you that I am the aldermen on this proposition, it is merely a not an applicant or a seeker for this position. I. school board proposition. I think everyone here have not been, and it does not make any difference remembers the time of the appointment of Mr. to me whether you confirm my appointment or not. McAndrew that I fought it because I did not be- There is a certain matter of pride in it naturally, but lieve it was right to bring a man in here from it is going to take, I realize, a third of my time, and New York City to run the schools in the City of I am perfectly willing to give it, but I must be free Chicago, when we had the greatest educators to use my own judgment after hearing both sides in the world right in our city. I could not under- of every case. I do not know of any subject that stand it. Why, our athletic director was brought has not two sides to it, just the same as a piece of in here from Pennsylvania, if you please, and paper. I think we ought to look on both sides . they were going to have a business manager Therefore, I cannot pledge myself to any one of brought in here from Battle Creek, Michigan, these questions that have been discussed, as I have where they have a school and a half. They talk only heard the one side. about Milwaukee and the school platoon system . I do, however, think that Alderman Nelson's idea Milwaukee is as big as my ward. That is how of free and full hearing on matters is perfectly big Milwaukee is, and they do lots of things in proper and should be carried out by the Board. Fur- Milwaukee we would not stand for in Chicago . ther than that I would not care to go. One big problem in my mind is that at that I assure you I will not feel any resentment at all time, when I was against the appointment of if you do not see fit to confirm my appointment. McAndrew, who , at the present time, is drawing Thank you . a pension from New York City of nearly $3,000 a Alderman Fick : Mr. Ellicott, you certainly year-why, he has a better job than the Mayor, know of what has been happening in the school sys- getting about $ 18,000 a year now . I told the tem for the last number of years ; and you certainly Mayor that the other day and he did not believe have formed your own opinion from these things . it. Going to try to swap jobs with him, I guess . Isn't that right, Mr. Ellicott ? Council Responsible But Without Control Mr. Ellicott : Only so much as I have seen in At that time, when I asked for an opinion, they the papers, Alderman. I have not heard both sides of it. told me that we had no jurisdiction. Of course, I know that. I didn't know it then, but I think Alderman Hoellen : Mr. Chairman, so that that three-fourths of the people of the City of there may be no misunderstanding as to the mean- Chicago do not know that the City Council has ing of my motion, it was this, that we have the as- no jurisdiction. We have jurisdiction only this surance of the nominees that they will co-operate far, that you men who are to be appointed as with the City Council, which really is, we might say, members of the Board of Education are con- the spokesman for the citizens of Chicago. It is firmed by us ; we must concur in your appoint- merely along the lines of co-operation. We do not ment . Mr. Moderwell said a short time ago, " I question the integrity or the matter of honesty of must resign because I have moved to Evanston. " the nominees at all. It is just that we want their Mr. McAndrew is from New York, and he does assurance that they will co-operate with the Com- not have to resign, and New York is not even a mittee on Schools, that is all. suburb of Chicago . There is something wrong Alderman Clark : Mr. Nelson has covered that there , and I am going to find it out. If I had my in his remarks . way of doing things I would pay Mr. McAndrew for his four years and let him go back to New Alderman Coughlin : Yes , Mr. Chairman, and York. with the school teachers, to co -operate with them. Alderman Hoellen : Yes . That is all. There I am only going to ask you gentlemen this, and I am going to ask Miss Haley this, too. I want isn't much to co- operation so far as the City Council you to help the West Side, the North Side and is concerned . When you go over to your position, the Northwest Side . I want you to try to place and go to your School Board rooms, as far as I am a Normal school over there. I want you to do concerned , you can do everything you have a mind to . everything that you can to build additions to the There is only one thing I would ask, that you rec- schools , instead of building those old tin things ognize the teachers of the City of Chicago for the with a big stove in the corner, where the children benefit of the school children, that is all. go and get diphtheria and everything else . I am Alderman Fick : Give the fathers and moth- not trying to persuade you to do this ; I am just ers and children a' chance. asking you on behalf of the children and the The Clerk : Mr. John A. English . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 15 ndth know if I haven't the retentive memory that possibly Statement by John A. English Mr. English : Mr. Chairman, I do not know I ought to have, I might be pretty well posted by that this requires a very exhaustive declaration of this time on one side of the question ; but I cer- principles. I presume that we are here to answer tainly appreciate all that has been said here, Hidat some of the important questions and not to make a and, like Mr. English, will surely take it into ec consideration. speech . I do believe that the greatest form of democracy Co-operation I think we all agree in, and, Gentle- should prevail in the public schools. I do not know men, from what I have heard here today, I must say me of any better place of teaching that democracy than that I am surprised that in the past as long as you right in the school room. I do not know of anybody have had a Committee on Schools in the City Coun- Iz setting a better example for that form of democracy cil, that you have never been consulted on matters of п. rem than those people who are charged with the very re- importance that you have alluded to. Why, if you sponsible task of administering the school affairs of have a committee of this nature, I should think it k this city. deserves at least the recognition to function and to 21 I heartily believe in the closest co-operation be- express its opinion on such matters that pertain to tween all of the elements. I believe there are two the citizens of Chicago . E sides to every question. I do not believe it is re- As far as being a new member of this Board, quired that anybody should ask a certain individual it shall be my endeavor to act fair on all ques- 20 to declare himself when he only hears one side of a tions that are submitted. We are not in a posi- conference. I do not believe that there is any place tion today, my colleagues or myself, to make any in our Government for any form of autocracy, definite statement on any subject that has been whether it is in the public school system or in the brought before us ; but I know that I feel as they City Council. I do not believe we have any place do, that any matter that pertains to the welfare and to the best interests of the citizens of Chi- for any such thing. So far as the City Council is concerned, each alderman is entrusted to represent cago, or the school teachers and the children, will his ward. He is conducting the affairs of our city, be fairly considered by me as well as by them and naturally he feels the pulse of his community. when it comes up for consideration . It seems to me unthinkable that he should not have The Clerk : Mr. Charles T. Byrne . something to say when it comes to such a vital ques- Statement by Charles T. Byrne tion as the children of his ward and the parents of those children . Mr. Byrne : Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen : I do not know that I can say any more on this I do not believe I have very much to say in the matter. I feel, though, that in any organization, subject, because I believe those are the principal questions that were brought up here this morning. if you want to be successful, you have to have I heartily believe in a real spirit of co-operation. I co-operation. You have got to have it from the believe that all forms of warfare are destructive, no employes as well as from the officials . I have matter on what scale they are wrought, and I will not the slightest objection to that. I think that simply reiterate what I have said, that so far as my is the only way to be successful in business , to carry on any business , large or small. activities in the city are concerned, I do not believe that anybody can question where I stand when it In regard to the Council and your Committee , comes to a spirit of democracy and the spirit of fair I believe any committee ought to be recognized . play, and giving everybody an equal opportunity. I The business is entirely new to me ; I am not do not believe that anything of a very important familiar with it, and , therefore, am not in a posi- nature should be done without the freest considera- tion to make any promises on it. The only thing tion, and without giving everybody, no matter how I can say is if I go in there I would go in there to lowly they are, no matter how important a position do my duty as I see it, and I have no ax to grind they occupy, without giving all the elements an op- in any way ; I have no favors to grant or any- portunity of being heard upon any question that thing of that kind at all. I am in there unpledged comes up in the affairs of our city. to anybody or to do anything except to do the The Clerk : Mr. Schmid . best I know how for the people of the city as well as the children of the city. Statement by Theophilus Schmid Alderman Fick : Would you be willing to give Mr. Schmid : Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gen- that consideration to the City Council that you tlemen: I feel a great deal as the previous speaker believe they are entitled to ? has said. I might state to you gentlemen that I rep- Mr. Byrne : I would be willing, absolutely , resent possibly the most peculiar situation on the new to give to anybody consideration that they are Board or any board that has ever been appointed, entitled to. from the simple fact that the territory from which Alderman Fick : You would not believe, his Honor, the Mayor, at this time has seen fit to would you , that after you had become a member appoint a representative on the Board, has never that the City Council has absolutely no voice in been represented on the Board of Education in the the conducting of affairs ? City of Chicago . Mr. Byrne : Well, I do not know anything I have been a resident of the city for forty or about the rules of the Board of Education, or more years ; I have lived in the present territory for whether what they are doing, or what the law is thirty-five years. I fully appreciate, what has been in connection with it, but I would be always said here by these distinguished aldermen, and I ready, and I do not believe in star chamber pro- 16 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN ceedings in connection with it. I do not know petency and general disposition and previous anything about what the Council's position in contacts and biases and so on, because after we the matter would be, or what they are entitled to, are once elected any control that you may have but whatever they are entitled to I would be glad over us as members of the Board ceases ; what- to grant it. ever helpful relationship there may exist after Alderman Fick : You recognize the fact that that would have to be entirely upon a co-opera- tive basis, and that means a matter of mutual the members of the City Council are almost consideration . unanimously held responsible for what happens in the school system of the City of Chicago. You I deal in co- operation ; that is my business . I recognize the fact that the members of the Board act as a labor arbitrator. I have served with of Education are not blamed, but Alderman Nelson in cases for thirteen years. In Mr. Byrne : They should be blamed. fact, it is thirteen years ago that we had our first arbitration. For thirteen years I have been act- Aldermen Fick : But the aldermen are abso- ing between capital and labor. It is largely a lutely held responsible, and they have to carry question of co-operation, and out of that has the burden, and that is my protest at this meet- grown my knowledge of all the principles of ing . I do not propose to do that any more if I democracy that I have. That is one reason why can help it. I have been so urgent in the defense of the school Mr. Byrne : Anything else, gentlemen ? councils as they were organized, because they Alderman Cronson : Mr. Byrne, just one did represent a democratic principle. I am not de- thing. You live in the fourth ward and I live in fending what the councils may do at particular the fourth ward . We have a lot of school teach- times, any more than what a member of the ers in our ward. I am anxious that there should School Board or a church or a secret order or the be a member of the Board of Education, so that City Council or any other group may do . when the school teachers come to me I can send Efficiency Demands Teachers' Councils them to him, and I trust you will give the school teachers an audience . It is the privilege of any democratic group to Mr. Byrne : I always have. I have a lot of make mistakes. That is inherent in a democracy ; friends among the school teachers . but they ought to be permitted to make their own Alderman Fick : That goes for me, too . mistakes , to be given an opportunity to do it. So that is why I think the organization of the Mr. Byrne : I was not born with a silver spoon Teachers' Councils ought to stand without con- in my mouth. What I have I had to work for, trol of the superintendent, the principal or Board and I believe that everybody that works for a liv- members . Teachers ' Councils , class room teach- ing is entitled to proper recognition . ers' councils , ought to be perfectly free to criti- The Clerk : Mr. Mullenbach . That cise the actions of the Board of Education . Statement by James Mullenbach is the only way in which we are going to secure efficiency in our school systems, in my judgment, Mr. Mullenbach : I do not know whether it is in the end that is, by a perfectly free system of an advantage at this time to have served on the criticism on the part of the folk who do the work Board or not. One can come in and say what as well as those who do the directing. That is one wishes, of course, on an occasion of this kind ; my general stand, gentlemen. You know what but there are two years of record there in my it is, and you may look at my record for two case, and you can check up on it. years. I am not seeking this place, and , as a I am willing to answer any question that you matter of fact, it would be a personal favor to me may raise as to why I did any particular thing, if I were not elected to this Board ; I would be or took the stand at any particular time on any very much happier if I could retire . particular issues that arose. Alderman Fick : Would you permit me to ask I think there ought to be the closest co-opera- you the same question I did Mr. Byrne ? You tion between the School Board and the City would be willing to give that consideration to the Council. I don't think anybody could serve on Council and the teachers and everybody con- cerned? the School Board without realizing that, funda- mentally, perhaps, our school control is not prop- Mr. Mullenbach : I would be willing to give erly organized. You know that this has been a to the Council that consideration that is due the matter of public discussion for a long time as to most weighty body of representatives of Chi- whether we ought to have an elective board, or cago ; the aldermen, more than any other body in whether the control of the schools ought to be the city, actually represent the will of the people. lodged in a Council committee. I know how it is. They are elected by the people. They are the I worked with Alderman Mills over there . We only legislative body that we have within our were in the same ward. We have been friends municipal corporation . for a long time. There is naturally more co- Alderman Fick : You would not be willing to operative contact than perhaps there would be be one of the members of the Board who would with the ordinary Board member and any Coun- try to create a board that would be autocratic and cil member because of that. plutocratic and arbitrary and everything else ? I think you gentlemen are entirely right to in- Mr. Mullenbach : Well, you will have to go quire very carefully into our merits and com- to my record for it, sir. Je 9 '26 R "School Finance" Number U. S. POSTAGE 12c . PAID T CHICAGO , ILLINOIS Margaret Haley's PERMIT NO . 3663 WeeklyBulletin VOL. IIS BLADE INCOLAC 100 CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 21, 1925. NO. 7 S. O. S. HELP ! MY TWINS ARE GROWING DIFFERENT EXPENSE TAX $$ D FIXER OAR TION "EBDUCOAF DEFICIT OF E.9 S D AS$S2NTCOREA OPOSE .U90AT0 TE FRPOES2STEADEX $20,000,000 VA1$L1$ MR RA OF 2ION I PR IN EDUCATIONAL FUND INCO WELTL ME 25 OTHE RWIS KNO E WN AS "HAPPY TAX- PAYER" The Next Issue: Legislative Number 42 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Statement to Schools Committee of City Council From Stenographic Report-May 8 At the meeting of the City Council Committee on ness, and when we saw that, we said, "Well, if that Schools, Fire and Civil Service, held in the City is true of the City Council, why not of the Board of Hall on May 8, 1925, following the statements by Education ?" the Aldermen and Mayor's appointees, published in We looked into the matter again and we found last week's BULLETIN, Miss Haley, upon invitation, that Section 3 of the Revenue Law of 1898 did made a statement, a part of which follows : make that the duty and the respnsibility of the Board of Education. We called a meeting of the teachers , Chairman Brieske : Miss Haley, do you wish and we pointed that out. We passed a reso- to be heard ? lution, and we called on the Board of Educa- tion to meet its responsibility, because we Miss Haley : Yes, if you please, Mr. Chairman. knew and we know that the Board of Education is Chairman Brieske : Miss Haley. going on the rocks in 1926, salary schedule or no * * * * salary schedule, Mr. Mullenbach knows this ; every member of the Board of Education knows it ; that Miss Haley : The salary schedule was sent to the borrowing power of the Board of Education of the Board of Education by the Superintendent on March 11th . About January 26, I have forgotten Chicago is coming to an end in December , 1926. the exact date, the Superintendent sent, privately They may shut off all the bath towels they like from the children ; close up the bath rooms ; shut off and confidentially , to the members of the Board * * One* the penny lunches and put fifty children on top of of Education this salary schedule. one another in a room, which they are doing in some of them called me up when he got the schedule, and he asked me if I would like to see the Super- of the schools, and double them up any way they intendent's schedule. I said of course, I would. will, but when they come to December, 1926, with the existing conditions of taxation and assessment He sent it to me . of property in Chicago, they will come to the end The first thing I looked for was to see how they of their borrowing power, which is about intended to get the money to pay any increase in $25,000,000-they will have a $20,000,000 deficit in salary. What was the proposition put there in plain, December, 1925 . cold type by the Superintendent ? To increase the tax rate. That seemed strange to us, because for Going on the Rocks years the Teachers' Federation has been against any further increases in tax rates . We had come out on Now, without adding a dollar, understand, of four different occasions, and I have the printed additional expense, going just at the rate they are statement here that we adopted against an increase going, without adding any new children or any new in the tax rate. We said : “Why not make that teachers, they are going on the rocks in 1926, and nine-tenths of the property that is escaping taxes yet for years two years since this Board of Edu- in Chicago pay its share instead of putting more cation went into existence we have been trying burden on the one-tenth that has been paying it ?" to get the Board to address itself, as the City Coun- cil did, to the question of increasing that assess- City Council and School Board Responsible ment. We know all about this tax-fixing and tax- dodging, and we thought, and we still think, that We have been shouting for that. We have been it is the duty and the responsibility of the Board of trying to get it. We tried it alone. We got some Education, instead of taking away every right, every results, and while we were trying it alone, we dis- privilege and every responsibility, the teachers have covered something-no, it was this City Council that exercised for twenty- five years in Chicago, to ad- discovered it for us. On the 2nd of July, 1923, dress themselves to the tax dodgers. We can see the Mayor of this City sent a message to the City no reason why they should take a stick and go after Council, and following the message Alderman Wood- the teachers, and take another one and go after the hull, chairman of the Finance Committee, presented children and herd them into the platoon schools , a resolution. It opened the eyes of the teachers, and let this rotten tax-fixing situation go as it is. that message and that resolution. Board Resolves to Reduce Tax-Dodging In the message the Mayor said it was the duty of the City Council to sit in the Board of Review by We have been begging them to get after the tax representatives and to insist on the Board of Re- dodgers. view assessing the property according to law ; that Finally, after we adopted our statement on Octo- it was the duty, mind you, the legal duty. ber 3 , 1924, reciting that it was the duty of the When we read that message we wondered if that Board of Education, the President of the Board were true. We looked it up. We looked at the stat- came over to the City Hall and asked the Corpora- ute. We were astounded to find it was true, that tion Counsel about it, and the Corporation Counsel the statute conferred on the City Council a duty told him it was true, and showed him the statute. and responsibility to attend to that end of the busi- Then the Board, on November 26, adopted the reso- MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 43 lution which Alderman Mills read. That resolution only about $80,000,000 added to the total assessed il recited that there was an increase of $500,000,000 in values for the City of Chicago beyond the figures of 1921 ; and property values in Chicago from 1921 to 1923, and only $80,000,000 of it found its way to the WHEREAS, it is a matter of common knowl- tax lists ; that $420,000,000 escaped taxation. They edge that so large a number of reductions are being made during the current year that there is recited that it was their duty and responsibil- danger of the totals falling below those for the ity, under Section 3 of the law of 1898, and adopted year 1923 ; and a resolution . I showed the resolution to the WHEREAS, The hearing of complaints in re- Mayor a few days ago, and Mayor Dever admits lation to valuations before the Board of Review that the special counsel employed had no power is still in progress, so that effective work may be to do anything. That is what we complain of ; it done by Counsel representing the Board of Edu- cation at such hearings; and was not in good faith. It did not have any teeth in it, and nothing has been done, and now WHEREAS, The authority to appear before right in the face of years of campaigning to make said Board of Review and to take all necessary steps to enforce the assessment of taxable property the property that is not taxed-corporation prop- according to law is given by Section 35 of the erty, enormously valuable sites down town, buildings Revenue Act of 1896 to all taxing bodies within that escaped taxes for a year and a half, and some the City, including the Board of Education, and of them two years, because of a fifty-fifty split with it appears to be to the best interests of the schools that the Board of Education should have counsel the assessors in the face of all this, what does to represent it for this purpose; the Board do ? Therefore, Board Resolves to Increase Tax Rates BE IT RESOLVED, That the Board of Edu- cation hereby authorizes the employment of coun- It comes in now and adopts another resolution sel for the purpose of attending the hearings now counter to the teachers' platform-a resolution to in progress before the Board of Review on com- increase the tax rate. plaints filed which are to be heard or which have The teachers are up in arms against that, and the been taken under advisement, and to take such action in relation thereto on behalf of the Board Board by this new resolution has practically taken of Education as may be necessary or proper, the administrative whip in its hands, and it has said such employment to be at the rate not to exceed to the teachers, "You will go out and you will ask $50.00 per day and to extend over such period the taxpayers to raise that tax rate" ; but I tell of time as may be determined by the President of the Board of Education. you men the teachers of this city will not go out and ask the people to raise that tax rate until the Mr. Greenebaum moved the adoption of the reso- Board has exhausted the other remedies within its lution. power. Seconded by Mr. Smietanka, and so ordered by Alderman Coughlin : How much will that tax the following roll call : rate be ? Yeas : Mr. Hanson, Mr. Smietanka, Mr. Fel- Miss Haley : It will be one dollar on each one lows, Miss Temple, Mr. Coath, Mr. Greenebaum, hundred dollars of assessed valuation. On a $5,000 Mrs. Gregg and President Moderwell-8. home it will be $25 increase, and the homes are the ones that are assessed the highest in proportion to Nays : None. *** their full value . School Board Appointees Confirmed ( The resolution to increase the tax rate, referred Mayor Dever's six appointees to the Board of Ed- to above, was adopted by the Board of Education on ucation were confirmed by the City Council May 13, April 27, 1925, and appears on page 6 of the on the recommendation of the Council Committee BULLETIN of May 1. The resolution in regard to on Schools, Fire and Civil Service. The new mem- property escaping assessments was adopted on No- bers are Edward B. Ellicott, president ; John A. Eng- vember 26, 1924, and is printed below. Ed. ) lish , Theophilus Schmid, Charles T. Byrne, Dr. Vic- tor R. Schiller and James Mullenbach, who was Resolution to Investigate Matter of reappointed . The holdover members are Mrs. Hef- School Taxes feran and Mr. Coath, whose terms expire May 1 , 1926, Mrs. Gregg and Mr. Greenebaum, whose terms (Proceedings of Board of Education , November 26, 1924, Page 450, Report 10332. ) expire May 1, 1927 and 1928, respectively, and Mr. Mr. Greenebaum presented the following reso- Smietanka, whose term expired May 1, 1924. lution: WHEREAS, The current revenues derived from At the meeting of the School Board, Wednesday, taxation for school purposes are inadequate for May 13 , 1925 , at 2:30 P. М .: the needs of the schools, and the tax rate of the President Moderwell : We are advised that the Board of Education is limited so that such reve- new members of the Board are on their way over nues depend on the valuations of property fixed here from the City Hall, and the Attorney advises by the taxing authorities; and, that we had better recess right here and await their WHEREAS, Although there were increases in coming. Without objection, there will be a recess. taxable property in the City which, by conserva- Mr. Hanson : How long ? tive estimates, amounted to much more than $500,000,000 since the valuations were made for President Moderwell : Until they get here. I the year 1921, there was, nevertheless, in 1923, do not know whether they have an airship or not. 44 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S for this illegal evasion but the Board has not used WEEKLY BULLETIN that authority to get after these assessors. 7. The action of the Board on April 27, 1925 , MARGARET A. HALEY : Editor and Publisher was therefore premature and calculated to prejudice the voters in advance. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly This prejudice is further increased by the fact during the year, excepting the months of July and August, that this Tax-Rate Increase Resolution contains a and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. Haley. salary increase proposition. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One Dollar for 3 months. Single copies, 10 Cents. 8. As the Board acknowledges it cannot pay the LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. present salary schedules after December, 1926, un- ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be less the educational fund is increased from some received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current source, it seems unfair to prejudice the voters in ad- issue. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- vance against an increase in the tax-rate should the able to the order of Board, as a last resort, be obliged to go to the tax- MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor, Suite 1335, American payers for the relief in the event this relief is sought Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , and not obtained from the Legislature and the as- sessors . Chicago Phone Central 3904 Federation Endorses Three Amendments to Article Four of the Constitution Statement of Federation on Tax Rate The Legislature can present amendments to only Increase one article of the Constitution at one session but it The Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its regular can present as many amendments to that article as it wishes . There are several amendments to Article monthly meeting in the Capitol Building, May 16th, unanimously adopted the following statement in re- Four, the Revenue Article of the Constitution, now gard to the Salary Schedule resolution adopted by before the Legislature. One of these is the Tax the Board of Education on April 27, which provides Amendment, Senate Joint Resolution No. 4, which for an increase in the tax rate for the Educational the teachers have been supporting. Two others are Fund: Senate Joint Resolutions Nos. 12 and 13, which the 1. This Tax-Rate Increase Resolution was Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its last meeting, May 16th, endorsed. These last-mentioned amend- adopted without public discussion or opportunity for ments give power to bond and levy special assess- such discussion. ments for the purchase and construction of street 2. The tax increase asked amounts to $25.00 on railways . a $5,000 home and other property in proportion. These amendments are needed in order that our 3. While the Board on April 27, 1925, author- city be not strangled by such bills as the pending ized the submission of this proposition to the voters Barr Terminable Permit Bill, which in its present the proposition cannot be voted on until 1926 and form and without these amendments to the Con- probably not until November of that year, which is stitution will in fact be a perpetual franchise to a year and a half away. the street railways and other public utilities . 4. Before deciding to ask the voters to increase the tax rate the Board of Education should exhaust Pension Law Amendment every means in its power to increase the educa- tional fund without increasing the tax-rate. This On May 20, the House Committee on Education the Board has not done. recommended for passage a pension bill drafted by 5. There is pending in the Legislature a resolu- Attorney I. T. Greenacre and agreed to by Repre- tion to submit an amendment to the Constitution to sentative Miller as a substitute for one introduced relieve this tax situation-Senate Joint Resolution by the latter, admitting non-contributors to the Pen- No. 4. sion Fund. Mr. Greenacre's bill provides that non- This amendment gives to the Legislature power to contributors may become contributors to the Chi- classify property for taxation, to exempt classes of cago Teachers' Pension Fund only on the same property that should properly be exempt but which terms on which other non-contributors were admit- cannot now be legally exempted and the taxing of ted. They are given three years, that is, until July which under our present laws amounts to confisca- 1, 1928, to become contributors. There are only tion. about 270 Chicago teachers who are non-contrib- Unless the Legislature takes action at this ses- utors. All of these have been in the Chicago school sion there is no present prospect of relief for the system at least since 1907 and many of them much tax-payers . longer. The Board has taken no official action regarding this pending tax amendment to the Constitution. Milwaukee Refuses to Platoon School 6. Illegal and corrupt practices of tax-evasion and tax-fixing have created an intolerable situation. On May 21 , the Milwaukee School Board rejected On November 26, 1924, the Board publicly ac- a proposal to platoon another school. Only one knowledged that hundreds of millions of property is school in Milwaukee is platooned, the Cass St. illegally evading taxation and that it has authority School, and the Board by this act indicates that one under the law to get after the assessors responsible is enough. 1 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 45 Authority to Retard Individuals on the Salary Schedule C In connection with the proposed Salary Schedule omitted from the Superintendent's salary report the following communications were addressed to the from which these schedules were taken all the re- 1 several members of the Board of Education : quirements for advancement from the lower ' to the upper salary groups which were set forth in that CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION report each salary schedule. ( See Superintendent's Office 1335, 127 N. Dearborn Street Report , 11013, presented to the Board of Education Chicago March 11 , 1925, pages 840-852 of printed proceed- May 11 , 1925. ings . ) To Teachers' salary schedules have contained two Member Board of Education . salary groups, designated as the Lower and Upper Dear Sir : groups , since 1902 . Yesterday I submitted to Mr. I. T. Greenacre, at- Prior to the enactment of the present school law torney for the Chicago Teachers' Federation, the for Chicago in 1917 all requirements for advance- enclosed statement in regard to the " Salary Schedule ment from the lower to the upper salary groups Resolution" adopted by the Board of Education on were adopted and established by the Board of Edu- April 27, 1925, together with the attached memoran- cation and specifically set forth in detail in the rules dum as a basis for that statement. of the Board of Education. Mr. Greenacre informed me that, assuming the Since the enactment of the law of 1917 no re- accuracy of the facts on which it was based, this quirements for advancement from the lower to the statement is warranted. He gave me a written upper salary groups have been adopted or estab- 'opinion, a copy of which is also enclosed. lished by the Board of Education either in the rules Yours very sincerely, of the Board or in any enactment of that Board as MARGARET A. HALEY . a part of, or apart from, the salary schedules . The present rules of the Board of Education, Statement. adopted by the Board on September 1, 1922, re- Re "Salary Schedule Resolution ” Adopted by the pealed all previous rules and Section 7, Article 9 of Board of Education on April 27 , 1925. Chapter IV of the rules enacted September 1, 1922, The omission of the requirements for advance- gave to the Board of Examiners jurisdiction of the ment from the lower to the upper salary groups, subject matter of requirements for advancement both from the Rules of the Board of Education and from the lower to the upper salary groups as fol- lows : from the salary schedules attached to and made a part of the " Salary Schedule Resolution" adopted Chapter IV, Article 9. by the Board of Education on April 27, 1925, ас- Sec. 7. ( Promotion by Efficiency and complishes indirectly the same purpose as was sought Credits . ) There shall be two groups for to be accomplished directly in the " Salary Schedule the classification of all teachers and elemen- Resolution ' adopted by the Finance Committee of tary principals corresponding to their va- the Board on April 18, 1925, under which the Board , rious salary schedules. Promotion from the without legal authority, authorized the Superintend- lower to the upper group shall be by exami- ent to retard the salaries of individuals. nation or college credits approved by the The only difference is that, instead of delegating Board of Examiners, the requirements for this authority to the Superintendent, as at first pro- which shall be uniform within each class of vided, now that authority, without reasonable limi- certificate . tations by the Board of Education, has been con- (Detailed Information . The Board of ferred upon and will be exercised by the Board of Examiners shall issue in its regular circu- Examiners, which consists of the Superintendent, lar of information concerning requirements who is ex-officio a member, and two others who, for certificates the requirements for pro- under the statute, are appointed on his recommen- motion in each grade of the teaching ser- dation. vice. MARGARET A. HALEY. The requirements for advancement from the Memorandum. lower to the upper salary groups, set forth in the Superintendent's report of March 11 , 1925, fixed the Re Requirements for Advancement from the lower required number of college courses definitely at five, to the Higher Groups of Salaries under the Salary and the required efficiency rating at satisfactory, ex- Schedule Resolution Adopted by the Board of cellent or superior, which in practice has always Education, April 27, 1925, in support of Preceding meant not less than 80 per cent. Section 7 of the Statement . Rules of the Board of Education quoted above puts The " Salary Schedule Resolution" adopted by no limit on the number of college courses or on the the Board of Education on April 27, 1925, to which efficiency rating which the Board of Examiners may various salary schedules are attached and by its require for this advancement. terms made a part of the resolution, contains no re- The requirements set forth in the Superintend- quirements for advancement from the lower to the ent's report of March 11, 1925, delegates to the upper groups of these schedules. That is, there was Board of Examiners the same authority as is dele 46 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN gated to that Board in Section 7 of Article 9 of son of such schedule with the Superintendent's re- the Rules of the Board of Education, namely, au- port ( No. 11013 shown in Proceedings of March thority to approve both the courses of study com- 11 , 1925 , page 840 et seq. ) and particularly page pleted in accredited institutions, and authority to ac- 842, Section ii, division "2 Groups " and other credit the institutions in which these courses are similar provisions, concerning educational require- taken. Therefore, under, either the Superintend- ments for advancement from a lower to a higher ent's report or the present rules of the Board of salary group , all of which are omitted from the Education, it is possible for the Board of Exam- schedule as passed, the following is submitted : iners to exercise this authority arbitrarily. That The Committee's report purports to concur "in that Board has so exercised this authority and there- the attached resolution pertaining to Salary Sched- by retarded teachers on their salary schedules was ule presented by the Superintendent of Schools in shown in a hearing on a complaint presented to the Board Report No. 11013." It would seem that the Board of Education on July 11 , 1923, which was Committee intended to include in its attached sched- referred to the Committee on Rules and to the Com- ule so much of the Superintendent's report as per- mittee on School Administration . tained to the salary Schedule, and to omit from its At the hearing on this complaint before the Com- attached schedule so much of the Superintendent's mittee on Rules, and the Committee on School ad- report as was merely argument, history, etc. , and ministration, it was established : not Salary Schedule. The omissions above indicated 1. That there is no jurisdiction over the subject may have been made ( 1 ) by inadvertence, this matter of salary advancement conferred on the omitted matter not being in column ( sometimes Board of Examiners by the statute. called Schedule) form, or ( 2) because it was in- 2. That teachers had been retarded on the salary tended to include them in the rules now pending in schedule by the Board of Examiners in the exercise the Committee on Rules, or in some separate action , of the authority conferred on it by the Board of but hardly because these particular omissions were Education. considered not properly parts of the Schedules con- After these hearings the Committee on Rules tained in the Superintendent's report. voted unanimously on July 24, 1923, to recommend It is my opinion that the general subject matter to the Board of Education that all requirements for of these particular omissions may legally be made a advancement from the lower to the upper salary part of and included in the Salary Schedules, and groups should be set forth specifically in detail in that some provisions on this subject ( not necessarily the Rules of the Board of Education. No further the same as those omitted) should be made either action has ever been taken by that Committee or by in the salary schedules, or in the rules of the Board the Board of Education in regard to this recom- of Education, or by some other form of action, by it. mendation . Therefore, there has been no action If this is not done the Board of Examiners will con- taken by the Board of Education to make these re- tinue with no other directions than those contained quirements a part of its rules or a part of the salary in Section 7 of Article 9, Chapter IV, of the pres- schedule, or to adopt and specifically set forth in ent rules of the Board of Education. That this rule any form the requirements for such salary advance- is insufficient in practice is evident by the fact that ment . the Superintendent's report above mentioned, in Since the Board of Examiners took jurisdiction these very omitted portions, recommends changes, of this subject matter that Board has made very ma- restrictions, etc., concerning this matter and the terial changes in these requirements which changes Board of Examiners . I am informed that before have resulted in retarding individuals on the salary the Committee on Rules (which has not yet acted) schedules. No report has ever been made to the and before the Committee on Finance, it has been Board of Education of these changes, of dates on urged that reasonably certain and definite provisions which they were made or the reasons therefor, either should be made by which the colleges and courses before or after making the changes . and requirements prescribed and approved as edu- Opinion of I. T. Greenacre Re Salary cational bases for salary advancements could be known before as well as after the courses were Schedule Resolution Adopted by Board taken, or conditions performed ; and providing of Education on Monday, April 27, 1925. against subsequent retroactive and arbitrary changes, May 11 , 1925. and against discrimination. It is my opinion that Miss Margaret A. Haley, such provisions can be made . I. T. GREENACRE . Business Representative, Chicago Teachers' Federation, Chicago, Ill . Subscribe for the Bulletin Dear Miss Haley: We think that every teacher who has read our In reply to your questions concerning the " Salary BULLETIN with interest ought to send us a dollar Schedule, February, 1925 " attached to and made a for the three months' issues this spring. We ought part of the resolution passed by the Board of Educa- to have three more subscriptions for every one we tion of the City of Chicago on April 27, 1925, permit have now. This would give us a splendid list to me to report that : start out with next fall. Many teachers who have After consideration of the " Salary Schedule, intended to subscribe have been so pressed for time February, 1925" attached to and made a part of the that they have neglected this. It is not too late now. resolution passed by the Board of Education of the Get on the subscription list and be ready for the City of Chicago on April 27, 1925, on Report of the first issue in September. Committee on Finance (No. 11448) and compari- CIRCULATION MANAGER . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 47 ard Statement Adopted by the Mass Meeting of Chicago Teachers Called by Dag The Chicago Teachers ' Federation, The Chicago Federation of Men the ire Teachers, and The Chicago Federation of Women High School Teach- he ers, and Meeting at the Auditorium Theatre, Friday, October 3, 1924. The Chicago Public Schools are facing an alarming shortage of funds due to failure to enforce the tax laws. This shortage is at the bottom of most, if not all, the trouble in the schools. コピ A deficit is piling up at the rate of two and a half million dollars a year. It is now close to nineteen 2 million dollars. The interest on this deficit is nearly a million dollars a year, which is paid out of the Educational Fund. The Board has almost reached the limit of its borrowing power. T The Mayor of the City in a message to the City Council, on July 2, 1923, presented a startling array of facts and figures to show that the increase in taxable values has not kept pace with the growth of the city - in population and wealth, and that an enormous amount of property escapes taxation. He stated that " a duty rests upon the City Council as a whole and upon each individual member thereof to see to it that such an assessment as is contemplated by law is made by the taxing authorities of this County and State. '" Following this message of the Mayor and the action of the City Council thereon, the teachers were in- vited to, and did, co-operate with the City Council in its efforts to secure enforcement of the tax laws. The teachers have worked and will continue to work to secure revision of our antiquated tax laws. Pend- ing such revision, we will continue to insist that the present laws be enforced so that the needed revenue may be secured without increasing the tax rate. The teachers insist that the responsibility which the Mayor pointed out as resting upon the City Council in this matter rests equally upon the Board of Education. The teachers demand that this issue be faced squarely. The Board of Education evades the issue, stifles the voice of the teachers, and thwarts their efforts. Platoon schools, double schools and double sessions, larger classes, larger schools, and all other shifts and makeshifts are shortsighted attempts to evade the real issue. We believe with the Mayor that if the tax laws were enforced " the financial difficulties now staring us in the face would melt away, the rate of taxation would go down, the tax burden would be more evenly distributed. " Then there would be no excuse for camouflaging these makeshifts as "Educational Reforms " in order to establish them permanently in our schools. Every child of school age is entitled to attend a middle-of-the-day school, to occupy a seat in a quiet, uncrowded school room and to have individual attention from adequately trained teachers who are free from petty tyranny and the indignities of bureaucratic domination. The teachers of Chicago believe, first, that adequate revenue is the fundamental need in the present critical school situation ; second, that all attempts to ignore or to disguise this fact and deal with its conse- quences as if they were educational problems of school organization will prove futile. We appeal to you, Mr. Mayor, as the official representative of the children and citizens of Chicago, to appoint at once on the Board of Education four citizens who are able, free and willing to co-operate with the teachers and the City Council in securing, through enforcement of the tax laws, adequate school rev- enue instead of limiting the school opportunities of the children and crippling the schools because of insuffi- cient revenue. MARY M. ABBE, Pres. , The Chicago Teachers Federation ! E. B. COLLETTE, Pres. , The Chicago Federation of Men Teachers FLORENCE C. HANSON, Pres. , The Chicago Federation of Women High School Teachers 48 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Oppressive Measures Against Chicago Teachers Presented to City Council Committee May 8 This is a summary of a statement on this subject 4. Suppression of freedom of communication. presented on May 8, by the business representative An amendment to the rules is now pending with- of the Chicago Teachers' Federation to the City drawing from organizations the right now specifical- Council Committee on Schools . ly recognized in the rules, of organizations to dis- 1. Secret marking of teachers and the increas- tribute to their members in the schools notices of ing use of these secret marks as a basis for salary meetings and other communications relating to their advancement, promotion and preferment. Contin- organizations . This new rule was reported favora- ued reto abolish the secret marking. bly to the Board by the Committees on Rules and on School Administration and on April 22 was re- 2. Repeated attempts to nullify the Teachers' ferred back to the Rules Committee where it now Tenure Law : lies. No hearing on this rule was given to the or- 1. By administrative manipulation of ganizations involved and a request for a hearing secret marks . was denied. In both committees there were only Example : About 270 teachers who had been two votes against this rule : Messrs. Coath and marked " Fair" ( 75 to 79) -a rating which Mullenbach. The following voted for the rule : Mrs. Gregg, Mrs. Hefferan, Messrs. Moderwell, never had been equivalent to “Unsatisfactory,” Hanson and Greenebaum. have had their rating "Fair " altered to read "Unsatisfactory" after the marks had been given by the principals. The changes were Communications made in the office of the Superintendent. THE FEDERATION OF WOMEN HIGH SCHOOL These teachers have received letters threaten- TEACHERS OF CHICAGO ing dismissal. This was done without any ac- tion by the Board of Education or any notice May 12, 1925 . to the Board either before or following this Dear Miss Haley : action. The Executive Board of the Federation of 2. By changing the rule regarding the is- Women High School Teachers wishes to thank you suance of permanent certificates . and to express its appreciation for your work in protecting the interests of all teachers by securing Example : Recommendation of the Superin- the amendment to the Salary Schedule Resolution tendent to amend the rules of the Board of Ed- of the Board of Education. ucation so that the teacher completing three With kindest personal regards . years of probationary service would be without Faithfully yours , the evidence that the probationary service was FLORENCE CURTIS HANSON, satisfactory that is, she would be without the Pres. * * * permanent certificate. The Tenure Law pro- vides that after three years of satisfactory pro- Alderman Mills Makes a Correction bationary service the teacher's position becomes permanent and this certificate has heretofore Alderman Mills writes : My attention has been been issued automatically as evidence of this . called to an error in my address before the Schools Mr. Greenacre rendered an opinion that this rec- Committee of the City Council on May 8. I stated that the recess lunches of the children at the Wells ommendation was an evasion of the Tenure Law. School had been eliminated but I am informed that To date the Board has not adopted the recommen- dation; it is before the Committee on Rules . the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools that the children's lunches be confined to 3. By suspension for disciplinary reasons . one noonday lunch was not adopted by the Board of Education and that the earnest protests of mem- Example : There is now pending before the bers of the teaching force, especially of Miss Anise Committee on Rules a proposal to give the Slattery, of the staff of the Wells School, were ef- Heads of Departments, of which the Superin- fective in preventing this change. The protests were tendent is one, the power to suspend employes on the ground that many of these children, due to for 30 days with loss of pay for disciplinary industrial conditions in the district, received their reasons . The term, employe, in the statute in- cludes teachers . first meal of the day at the school. Kindly give space for this correction in your BULLETIN since the 3. Abolition of Teachers' Councils and the statement was published in your last issue. substitution, as one Board member put it, of a "hand- picked conference of the Superintendent. " These Teachers' Councils consumed only eleven hours a Subscription blank crowded out but year (two and a quarter days) of school time. Throughout the State, outside of Chicago, teachers subscribe for The BULLETIN just the have, by statute, five days of school time with pay same. $ 1.00 for 3 months . for educational discussion . W Ju "Platoon" Number U. S. POSTAGE 12c . PAID CHICAGO , ILLINOIS Margaret Haley's PERMIT NO . 3663 Weekly Bulletin VOL . II . TRADES WO COUNCIL 100 CHICAGO CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE 11, 1925 DOUBLE NO. 8 AND 9 “ Parked” on Playground of Platoon School Awaiting a Chance at the Door of Opportunity CHICAGO PUBLIC SCHOOL STANDIN G ROOMONLS PLAY GROUND ER FIX I'LL HAVE TO I'M GOING TO BRING MORE JOIN THE NIGHT SANDWICHES HOW DO I STUDY AT HOME NOW I KNOW WHY SHIFT THIS HOT WE GET BUT NEVER GET THE PRINCIPAL SAID 12? WEATHER A CHANCE TO RECITE IT WASN'T NECESSARY IN SCHOOL TO STUDY AT HOME a Y WELT 25 The Next Issue: "Kind Words" Number 50 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Bill to Pay and Recall School Board City Council Schools Committee Backs Bill From Stenographic Report-May 28 , 1925 Stenographic Report of Proceedings Before the of the House of Representatives some time Committee on Schools, Fire and Civil Service next week ; therefore, be it of the City Council, City of Chicago, Held in "Resolved, That the Committee on the Committee Rooms, City Hall, on Thursday, Schools, Fire and Civil Service be, and it is May 28, 1925, 10:30 O'Clock A. M. hereby directed to give consideration to this Committee called to order by Chairman bill and report its findings to the City Coun- Brieske, who presided. cil at an early date in order that this body Roll call by Secretary Harrah showed the fol- might make known to the General Assembly lowing members present : Alderman Cronson, its attitude concerning the enactment of this Alderman Wilson, Alderman Fick, Alderman bill ." Clark, Alderman Mills, Alderman Bowler, Alder- Alderman Clark : I do not believe the resolu- man Nelson, Alderman Hoellen, Alderman Bou- tion is really explicit enough . That is, it does tell, Alderman Pontow, Alderman Brieske, Chair- man. not describe the bill, because the main proposi- tion in the bill is not the salary end of it, but it is Chairman Brieske : Quorum present. The mat- the fact that the bill provides, on the securing of ter that is up for discussion this morning is this a petition signed by so many citizens, the City resolution with reference to House Bill No. 603 Council would have the right to recall members passed on the Council floor yesterday. of the Board of Education. I think we should I was thinking that was quite a bill, and not have the bill read. knowing how it is going to be favored by the Chairman Brieske : Perhaps it would be bet- members of the Council in its entirety, I thought ter. Mr. Secretary, will you please read the bill. that perhaps there might be some amendment to (At this time Secretary Harrah read House Bill the bill, so if any of the gentlemen present have any amendment, I think we ought to take the No. 603 printed here in full on page 62 which leaves the appointment, number of members and terms of matter up and probably send a committee down to Springfield and try to put this bill over . the Board of Education as at present but provides a $ 10,000 yearly salary and gives the City Council It looks like a very good bill. Do you want the power to remove on their own motion or on petition bill read ? of 5 % of the voters. ) * * * Secretary Harrah : Your resolution gives the gist of it, doesn't it ? Chairman Brieske : Alderman Arvey's resolu- Chairman Brieske : Yes . You might read that tion probably will enlighten you as to how this resolution . house bill came up at this meeting of the com- Secretary Harrah : ( Reading ) : mittee. Read that, Mr. Secretary : Council Resolution Secretary Harrah : ( Reading) . " Ordered, that the City Council of the City " Whereas, there is now pending in the of Chicago take such steps as are necessary General Assembly a bill known as House to obtain for the City Council home rule over Bill No. 603 for an act to amend Section 128 the public school system of Chicago, and of 'An Act to establish and maintain a sys- that amendment to the Otis Law be drafted tem of free schools' ; and and submitted to the Legislature . " * ** * " Whereas, this bill provides among other things, that the term of any member or Powers Taken from Council members of the Board of Education may be terminated by a majority vote of the City Alderman Clark : I think it was about five 'Council taken at any regular meeting ; and years ago that I introduced a resolution in the "Whereas , this bill also provides that the city council, the same kind of resolution that Al- members of the Board of Education shall be derman Arvey has just introduced. I remember compensated for their services on said Board at the time the Otis Law was passed at which at the rate of $ 10,000 a year ; and time they took away a great many of the powers " Whereas, as this bill in its present form of the city council over the board of education ; vitally affects the school system of our city, that was in 1917, I believe. it is necessary that the members of the City Now, we have not really tried to get any of Council should be fully acquainted with its those powers back, and ever since they have been contents ; and trying to take more powers away, like the Barr Bill. " Whereas, this bill will come up for con- sideration by the Committee on Education Only four or five years ago they tried to take MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 51 the power of leasing board of education school Alderman Nelson : It is understood that while lands , real estate, without the consent of the city endorsing this bill we want to express to the council. That was four years ago, at the time I committee in the Legislature we would like cer- was chairman of this committee . tain amendments. Let's say, if we can agree I kind of agree with Alderman Arvey's resolu- on amendments the committee on schools of this tion. Of course, it does not say very much, but council would suggest, and if it is possible to get I think one thing the city council is entitled to, them without endangering the enactment of the and that is to have the power restored that was bill. taken away from it under the Otis Law. Propose Smaller Board The Board of Education now have the right to lease real estate for ninety-nine years, which is Alderman Boutell : To my way of thinking, really a sale of real estate, without the consent the proposition of reducing the membership from of the city council, but they cannot sell the real eleven to seven, that is very important, and I estate. think that would lend additional weight with the Prior to the passage of the Otis law we could Legislature in Springfield, because there are review their books and have something to say eleven members, of course it takes $ 110,000 or about their budget. Now, it is mandatory upon would take that amount to pay the salary of us to pass a tax levy ordinance after they present those members of the board, while with seven their budget . there will be a saving of $40,000 . I am in favor of that amendment. Restore Powers to Council Alderman Nelson : So am I. * * * I think we should get the powers back that were taken away from us, and I am also in favor Chairman Brieske : Your motion is to reduce of the council having something to say about the the number from eleven to seven, leaving the sal- board members after they are in office, because ary at $10,000 a year ? I think the council is a body which is responsible Alderman Boutell : Yes . to the people, while the board of education does not seem to think they are responsible to any- Alderman Cronson : And that they should de- vote all their time to the business of the board . body. I am speaking particularly of the last board. I hope this board will be better. Alderman Clark : I do not know whether or I think we should have a sub-committee ap- not it is necessary for the members of the board, pointed, or another meeting of this committee, with the exception of the president of the board and the chairman of the finance committee to de- and familiarize ourselves with the changes made vote all their time to its business . I have known by the passage of the Otis law, and then appoint a committee to go down to Springfield and urge a great many boards of education, and it seems the passage of this . to me the only men who are busy all the time in taking care of the affairs of the board are the I have talked with a number of senators during president and the chairman of the finance com- the time I was there on the Barr Bill, and they mittee. The balance of the members have not seemed to think that the city council should have much to do except attend all the meetings ; that more to say over school affairs than they have. has been my observation of the boards of edu- That was the sentiment expressed by a number cation for quite a while back. Alderman Mills of leading senators . * * * was a member of the board for several years, perhaps he knows more about that than I do . Alderman Mills : I move that we recommend to the city council that it is the sense of the body Alderman Mills : Those are the members who that this bill should pass, House Bill No. 603 . devote most of their time to the business of the Alderman Nelson : Suggesting any amend- board, of course. ments? Workingmen Barred Alderman Cronson : Why not say : " Subject Alderman Nelson : Isn't that due to the fact to certain amendments if they can be obtained," that they receive no compensation ? Take for in- as for example, the number . stance a member belonging to the labor ranks , Alderman Mills : Personally I have no objec- who is a member of the board. Now , Mr. Eng- tion to the number of eleven , perhaps that is not lish is the business representative of the Typo- so large. graphical Union. He earns his livelihood in that Alderman Cronson : Next Tuesday there will job and he must devote most of his time to that be a hearing on education, and you might get job . Mr. Mullenbach is the arbitrator in Hart, that committee to insert in here that the business Schaffner & Marx, the neutral arbitrator selected manager and attorney and superintendent have by the company and the union ; he earns a salary to be residents of the city of Chicago for five for that work and he has a day's work over there years . It won't hurt to try it. every day, and he has frankly admitted to me * * that he has not been able to attend meetings at Alderman Mills : Let it be the motion that it times because he could not afford to neglect his duties over there . is the sense of this committee to urge the passage ofthe bill. Alderman Fick : Then he should not be on the Chairman Brieske : All those in favor of Al- board. derman Mills' motion signify by the usual sign . Alderman Nelson : There is no compensation . (Motion prevailed) . If Mr. English was not an official he could not 52 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN serve, because he could not afford as a working- you think if this board was a paid board that all man to lay off to attend the board meetings . of them would have been there, either seven or Every workingman who depends upon his earn- eleven, as the case might be ? The fact that ings for his livelihood is automatically disquali- there was such a small number is due to the fact, fied to become a member of the board of educa- don't you think, that these people have to take tion, because of the present lack of compensation. care of their private business ? Now, if you had seven members and gave them Miss Haley : I don't know about that. I think $10,000 each then one in a position like chairman you can take the representatives from the va- of the finance committtee could well devote all rious offices over at the board of education, the his time to the business of the finance committee, Secretary's office, all those offices that know and but to ask him to devote all of his time without have the practical experience, and you will find compensation, as he has to do, as well as the they are universally opposed to the smaller president, and there is no doubt but what those board. They feel things are much more easily members have plenty to do, is too much. Seven manipulated . members, if they devoted their time to it, with our complicated problems could, I think, all find Danger of Small Boards plenty to do. As an example, yesterday at the board meet- ing a thing happened that could not possibly have Alderman Clark : You mean with seven, you happened if the board members could have been think that is better than eleven ? better acquainted with what is going on in the Alderman Mills : I do not think that the sav- schools , and if you men had the responsibility this ing of the $40,000 ought to determine our judg- bill puts upon you. But this new board of educa- ment on this. Of course, $40,000 is a tidy sum, tion,--and there are six new members, one of course but it is really a very small matter when you con- is a hold-over,—met on Friday, and a report came sider the amount involved . As Alderman Nel- in from the superintendent which was read by title. son suggested, there are certain constituencies, This was a report that gave the superintendent au- elements who wish to have representation. Per- thority to proceed at once to change three elementary sonally , I do not think eleven will make too large schools into junior high schools . This will disturb a board . at least ten or twelve schools . It means that ten per I will ask Miss Haley if she will not give us cent of the elementary schools will be disturbed in her views briefly on that. the same way. It will remove children in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth grades from one Small Board Undesirable school and distribute them to three or four others farther from their homes . Miss Haley : I would like to say as far as a small board is concerned, you should consider Rushing in Junior High this: That Board had a stack of reports in front of If you have seven members, then four is a them, they could not possibly have read them, they quorum and three is a majority of that quorum, had a stack very nearly six inches high, and they to do all business except anything that involves could not have known what all those reports meant ; an expenditure of money, and I think when you this report came along with the rest and it was re- realize that the well-being of four hundred and ferred automatically to the finance committee and twenty thousand children is involved that you will on motion also to the school administration commit- not want to leave it to so small a number to be tee. That was last Friday, May 22. Under the rules determined. Not only the welfare of that great of the Board, the school administration committee number of children is affected, but also that of the regularly could not have met until next Tuesday, but people who are in the schools taking care of the chairman saw fit to call a special meeting, and those children. There are twelve thousand now that was held on Monday, and this committee was in the schools whom they could appoint, advance, composed of the holdover members from the old transfer, those three people could, at any time,— Board, there being no new member on this commit- they can do any business which does not in- tee, and they, without a single moment's considera- volve the expenditure of money . tion of that report—I know because I was there- That was demonstrated last week, when a they did not take one second to discuss it, they rec- question arose whether the board could by a ma- ommended that report back to the Board and it was jority of the quorum, that would be four votes adopted yesterday . out of eleven, transfer a principal from an ele- This report went through without that much dis- mentary school to a high school, and a teacher cussion. Those few people gathered there last Mon- in the high school to a supervisory position in day in that way disposed of the fortunes and the the high school, and the attorney for the board happiness of those children. People don't know ruled as those two positions were created and did anything about it unless they happen to see it in the not involve an extra expenditure of money that newspapers ; there was an article about it last Satur- they could do it, and by four votes out of eleven day morning and they may or may not have seen it. that important action was taken . Between Friday and Monday, Alderman Clark Alderman Nelson : Will Miss Haley pardon a made an objection as alderman of the ward, because question ? I believe this affected a school that Alderman Clark Miss Haley : Certainly. was interested in, and he got that school taken out, Alderman Nelson : You were just speaking of but two other schools were left in . the small number who could do things, but don't ( Continued on page 63) MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 53 at en Platoon Report Suppressed-Why? tar h Query: What is a Platoon School? "Exactly the factory system applied to the education of the Child ." L From Minority Report of Miss Rose Pesta, the only Elementary Principal on first Platoon Commission appointed by the Board of Education December 23, 1923 . " Unsuited to Chicago and too costly." From the Daily News story of " suppressed report" of four Elementary Principals and one District Superintendent comprising the second Platoon Commission appointed by the Board of Education November 26 , 1924. The article below is here reprinted from the Chi- Its report, which has thus far been suppressed by the cago Daily News of January 23, 1925, for the fol- superintendent, is reported to be a practical indictment of the system as it functions in those cities and carries a dis- lowing reasons : tinct warning that it should by no means be transplanted 1. The platoon school was authorized " as an ex- into Chicago . periment" by the Chicago Board of Education on Adoption of the system was decided upon by the board July 9, 1924. of education last summer, in accordance with a recom- mendation of a special educational commission, although 2. The first platoon school, the Ryerson, was both the Chicago Teachers' federation and, to a lesser started on February 24, 1925. extent, the Principals' club opposed it. 3. The newspaper announcement that the platoon McAndrew Impartial to Plan. system was to be made permanent and a majority Thus far Superintendent McAndrew has neither indorsed of the schools platooned in September appeared in nor opposed the introduction of the system. His latest the Chicago papers on April 17, 1925 (published in step was the appointment of the commission-presumably BULLETIN of May 14, page 4) . for the preparation of plans of organization-the announced 4. This report of the second Commission has not intention being to induct the platoons in the form of a sub- stantial trial or experiment with the beginning of the next been presented to the Board of Education or officially school semester early in February. made public to date. Whether or not Mr. McAndrew will be guided by the The following article is reprinted from the Chi- report of his own commission remained problematical as the contents of the report began to leak out. cago Daily News of Jan. 23, 1925 . Some school officials were disposed to believe that the superintendent will ignore or disregard the commission's PLATOON PLAN FOUND UNSUITED report. Their contention was supported by the fact that further studies are being made by new emissaries of the FOR CHICAGO superintendent. Inspects Schools at Gary. McAndrew Commission Says New System One of these new investigators-William Hedges, super- Is Not Needed in Schools Here. intendent of the 12th district-visited the platoon schools of Gary, Ind ., this week under orders from Mr. McAndrew. That the platoon system is neither needed nor suitable Several features of the commission's report are said to for the Chicago public schools is the finding of the com- be of a startling nature. Thus the platoon schools in Pitts- mission recently appointed by Superintendent William Mc- burgh are said to be shown in the report to have no assem- Andrew. The commisson consisted of Jaroslav J. Zmrhal, bly rooms-one of the more boasted of features of the superintendent of the 9th district ; Miss Margaret Madden, platoons. Many of the Detroit platoons, the commission principal of the Doolittle school; Miss Genevieve Melody, is reported to have found, contain swimming pools but no auditoriums . principal of the Park Manor school ; J. H. Hauch, prin- cipal of the Lloyd school, and Miss Gertrude Corrigan , Moreover, the Pittsburgh system is shown to have been principal of the Nobel school. so unsatisfactory to begin with that any kind of a system In its report, which was made after an investigation in -the platoons in that case-was better than its predecessor. other cities, it was learned from authoritative sources, the Advice as to Problem Here. commission lists numerous reasons why the platoon system should not be established in the Chicago schools, the main The report concludes with a recapitulation of the effect ones being that the new system is not needed here, that it that Chicago should solve its own school problem in its is unsuited to Chicago, that it is too costly and that most own way and should not attempt to transplant into its of its good features are already in vogue in the local schools , schools a system which the commission is unable to rec- and others might be added without revamping the present ommend. order of things. Members of the commission refused to affirm or deny Other Cities Are Visited. the reported contents of their finding. Most of them ad- The commission was appointed before the Christmas mitted, however, that the report has been in the hands of holidays by Supt. McAndrew, with the approval of the the superintendent for more than two weeks and that they board of education, and spent some time in visiting the were awaiting a conference with him, after which they platoon schools in Detroit, Akron, O., and Pittsburgh. will feel at liberty to make their findings public. 54 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN How the Platoon Was " Put Over" in Flint, Michigan Supt. Lewis to Platoon Conference called by U.S. Bureau of Education : The first of October, one member of my Board said, in very plain language : "Who gave you the authority to start these two platoon schools ?" I said : "Don't you remember ? You did. " He said : " Did I ?" I said : "You did." As a matter of fact, he hadn't, but he still thinks he did, so that is all right, isn't it? (Laughter.) He realized he probably had had some conversation with me and didn't know whether he had or not. For three years the United States Commissioner one of the principals said, "We would like in our of Education, John J. Tigert, has called, at the ex- building to try the platoon idea, and we thought pense of the Bureau of Education and under its possibly this would be a way to do away with the auspices, conferences of platoon school advocates to congestion. " So that principal, who was an entirely meet at the time and place of meeting of the Depart- new principal, was willing to try anything once. ment of Superintendence of the N. E. A. So in September we started, without any further One of the committees formed at one of these discussion from the Board of Education, two pla- platoon conferences, known as the "National Com- toon schools . mittee on the Education of Public Opinion," re- We were going about a month, trying this pro- ported at the session of the conference held in Hotel Gibson, in Cincinnati, on the 23rd of last February gram and trying that, and shifting programs every few days, and adjusting and shifting teachers, try- during the Superintendents' meeting. ing to get all the details worked out-just purely a Following are excerpts from the stenographic re- trial without any preliminary education except in port of the speech of the Superintendent of Schools these very casual conversatioins while the new super- of Flint, Michigan, on intendent was trying to get acquainted with the new principals and the new principals were trying to get "Education of Public Opinion About Platoon acquainted with the platoon school a very risky Schools in Flint, Michigan." thing. E. E. Lewis, Flint, Michigan : Our city has The first of October, one member of my Board grown 80,000 from 1914 to 1924. Consequently, said in very plain language, “Who gave you the au- our school facilities have been stretched and re- thority to start these two platoon schools ?" I said, stretched and stretched again, and we have had to "Don't you remember ? You did. " He said, "Did build a great many temporary buildings. Not until I ?" I said, "You did." As a matter of fact, he about 1923 did we start to realize we had grown out hadn't, but he still thinks he did, so that is all right, of a small town into a second Detroit, and conse- isn't it ? ( Laughter.) He realized he probably had quently, in 1923 , the Board started a new building had some conversation with me and didn't know program . whether he had or not. * * In 1923, on becoming superintendent there, I asked the Board of Education if they had thought Well, about the first of November the criticisms of a platoon plan that was in use in Detroit-we on the part of the Board began to arise. Not their are only 50 miles from Detroit-and the Board said criticisms-let me say, their honest, frank attempt no, they had never thought of it and I found they to really know what this new thing was Lewis had never even considered it as a possible way of so suddenly sprung on them. And the old question relieving congestion and growth. Then I asked the Board if they had any objection to my thinking of costs came up and is still coming up. about it, to my starting on it, and they said, "Well, I think I made one false step which I am hoping if it doesn't cost any money we haven't. If it costs you won't make . I very frankly said I thought it any money, we have." could be done without increasing costs, and I real- This was in July, and without any further discus- ize now it cannot be done without increasing costs . sion with the Board, I called my assistants in and I It doesn't increase my building costs, but it does talked to them and I said, "I am sure that sooner or increase my teaching cost for the same number of pupils, but it does it because we offer a greater va- later we shall want to adopt a platoon organization. " I might say parenthetically in my previous experi- riety of subjects and we do not thoroughly platoon- ence I had organized two schools on the platoon plan ize, as Gary does. Our platoons we started with and had the experience of running them three years, 35 children as the maximum to a group ; under the and knew a little bit about some of the problems old arrangement, we had been crowding 40, 45 and that came up. 50 children in a room, and it was more expensive where we platoonize with groups of 35. So I talked to two of my principals as I was get- ting acquainted with them in July and August and A Member : Would it have been more expen- got them thinking about it and interested in it, and sive than the same number of rooms with a 35 limit ? got the literature and started educating them, and Mr. Lewis : No. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 55 A Member : So on the same basis- "These long lines of little children marching- Mr. Lewis : But you are talking to a Board marching-marching-looked to me like nothing so of Education who are used to having 40, 45 or 50 much as the lines of uncompleted Ford cars in the in a room, and you reduce it to 35. I don't like to factory ; moving always on, with a screw put in or start the thing on groups of 40 and 45. a burr tightened as they pass by ; standardized, * * * mechanical, pitiful." I don't see any trouble in selling the platoon or- ganization to parents, pupils and teachers . The one U. S. Bureau of Education to thing you have to show to the taxpayer is cost. At Abandon Platoon Conferences ? least, I have had to in my town, and I have had to lay my cards on the table with my Board of Educa- Ethel M. Gardner, president of the Milwaukee tion and prove to them my costs are not any higher Teachers ' Association in the April issue of the Bul- in this organization, on a comparable basis, than letin of that organization gives an interesting ac- under the old organization. count of the 1925 meeting of the Department of You see, the figures showing that the platoon Superintendence at Cincinnati. An excerpt is here scheme increases the capacity of buildings anywhere reprinted : from zero to 45 per cent are largely bunk. * * Platoon Conferences * There was only one reference to the platoon system We put one division in the auditorium at one time. on the main program. In spite of the long series of In our gymnasium we put in two divisions, but we conferences on platoon schools held by the Bureau have two teachers . of Education and the extensive exhibition, among A Member : Have you any special objection the commercial exhibits , of Gary, Pittsburgh, and to the two groups in the auditorium ? Detroit schools, it was very evident that the well Mr. Lewis : There is no objection, except on press- agented attempt to foist the "Gary" plan on the teaching end of it. You have the difficulty in the country under the name of "platoon" is not selecting an auditorium teacher who can handle 80 being successful. youngsters at a time. Superintendents with broad educational outlook, You are talking about selling to the pupils and vision and philosophy are not taking it up. Super- to the parents and about selling to the principals and intendent Ballou of Washington, D. C. (the new the teachers. They aren't the persons that need to president of the Department) , and Commissioner be sold on the platoon plan. In your majority of Tigert of the Bureau of Education told your repre- towns, as I see it, the people that have to be sold sentatives that no more “platoon conferences" would are the Board of Education. be held by the Bureau. Commissioner Tigert has letters from the leading superintendents of the coun- Next year we will have six platoon schools, de- try showing that they are not in favor of it and spite the objection that the cost is not in any way pointing out objections. Although admission to the reduced, and apparently is increased and it is in- Bureau's conferences was by card, your representa- creased . * * tives found no difficulty this time in getting in with- out cards . The one meeting which we attended was Charles L. Spain (Detroit, Mich.) : a rather tiresome repetition of former conferences, although some interesting admissions were made by Everyone would have to admit the platoon organ- some of the speakers ; for instance : ization cost more money than the single-teacher or- ganization, or one teacher to a room . Rose Phillips, Detroit : “ Sell it to the principal first-then to the community." " The 'homeroom' is to make the public think the child still has 'moth- ering'-later, departmentalize in everything." What Is a Platoon School ? Kennedy, Pittsburgh : “ Create a room atmosphere A Platoon School is a plan of organization by so that the teacher doesn't have to say a word. The which from 10 per cent to 70 per cent more chil- pupils get it." "When you work out a platoon dren are enrolled than there are seats for in class- schedule you don't manage it, it manages you." rooms . This is done by "dumping" the 10 per cent Rossman, Gary : "The more hours a teacher to 70 per cent on the playground, and into the audi- teaches, the more money she gets, up to 6 hours ." torium or basement, and by keeping all the children "Economical and social conditions are going to de- rotating from room to room, teacher to teacher, so mand a longer school day. If a teacher's day were that the same 10 per cent to 70 per cent may not be spread out over the year, it would be very short. " kept waiting longer than thirty consecutive minutes "The length of the teacher's day has nothing to do to get into classrooms . with health. " " Lockers are not solving the problem Even the six-year-old children have six or seven of wraps altogether. ” teachers a day and twelve to thirteen a week in some Boyce, Milwaukee : Introduced as "next to the cities . Teachers handle as many as four hundred youngest convert " to platoon plan, he said that he different pupils a day and a thousand a week. spent weeks "making a program that would be abso- A mother who withdrew her children from the lutely foolproof as far as teachers, children, and Detroit Platoon school writes : public are concerned. " 56 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S adoption of same, in order to safeguard the interests of our children." WEEKLY BULLETIN The petition also asked that one of these ap- MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher pointees be a teacher. This petition was presented to the Mayor on April 27, 1925. It contained 50,000 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly signatures. during the year, excepting the months of July and August, and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One A Camouflaged Housing Shortage Dollar for 3 months. Single copies, 10 Cents. LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Why camouflage a housing shortage and limited ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be school opportunities, due to limited school funds- received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current issue. the result of a rotten tax situation-by platooning ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- children under high sounding names, as Work- able to the order of Study-Play plans, etc. ? Why not be as frank as a MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American teacher in a little mining town in Illinois who had Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , 90 pupils and seats for 50. She didn't advertise a Chicago newly- discovered scientific, beneficial system of Phone Central 3904 platooning. She rang the bell ; when 50 children got in she closed the door. The unfortunate 40 played marbles until they had another chance at the Petition for Teacher on School Board door of opportunity or they went home. But the One year ago today, that is on June 11, 1924, the parents of those children knew they were up against City Council of Chicago adopted a resolution de- a housing problem and a tax question. No camou- scribing the condition then existing in the schools flage there ! These children were not "taken in" ; which reads as if it had been written today instead neither were their parents. of a year ago. After reciting that the schools will close in a few days, the resolution states that Tax Amendment Passed "the parents, teachers and children of every Senate Joint Resolution No. 4 (published in Vol. elementary school in the city are without any 1, No. 2 on page 8) has passed the Senate with two definite or positive information now as to amendments . One exacts a two-thirds vote of the whether the elementary school in their im- legislature (instead of a three-fifths vote) in order mediate neighborhood will be converted into to pass any law under this resolution should it be- a Junior High School during the summer, come an amendment to the Revenue Section of the thus compelling the children from the first to Constitution and the other, which is inserted in the the sixth grade to attend some school farther body of the Resolution after the word "class," reads away from their homes, and compelling the as follows : All real estate shall be in one class, ex- children in the seventh and eighth grades from cept mineral land and land devoted to reforestation . several neighboring schools to travel long dis- may be in different classes. tances to the Junior High School ; and The House passed this resolution June 9 after "Whereas, this condition of uncertainty is amending it by inserting the word "increase" after unjust and unfair to the school children, their the word "imposition" in the last sentence. The parents and the teachers of the entire Resolution now goes back to the Senate for con- city, * * * " currence in the House amendment. The resolution asked the Board "to give the public definite information Salary Schedule immediately as to how many Junior High The Board of Education on May 22, by the fol- Schools will be opened in September and what lowing roll call vote, reconsidered and sent back to elementary schools will be converted into the Finance Committee the report presented to and Junior High Schools. " adopted by the Board on April 27 recommending Following this action of the City Council a par- the Salary-Schedule-Tax-Rate-Increase Resolution. ents' and citizens' petition was launched by Mrs. For Reconsideration : Trustees Coath, Schil- Frank C. Hopkins, 3750 Southport avenue, a patron ler, Byrne, Schmid , English and President Elli- cott. of the Blaine school, that school having been des- ignated by the Board of Education on May 14, 1924, Against : Trustees Smietanka, Greenebaum, as a Junior High School without previous notice to Mullenbach, Hefferan, Gregg . the parents, in the same way that the Farragut and On June 9 the Finance Committee deferred action Kelvyn Park schools were so designated on May 22, on this report. 1925. This petition was addressed to Mayor Dever and asked him to appoint to the school board to fill Mayor's Tax Commission the then existing vacancies On June 10 Mayor Dever recommended to the "citizens who consider themselves in duty City Council the appointment of a Tax Commission bound to provide full publicity and opportu- on real estate assessments, the President of the nity for public discussion of any contemplated Board of Education to be a member. The matter was change in our public school system, before referred ot the Finance Committee of the Council. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 57 t Climb the Flagpole would discuss the value of this plan and advise re- Extract from Superintendent's Bulletin : specting the extent to which it should be used ? 2 Print in this style : ( Gothic, later 6. Can it be possible that someone thought of changed to Roman) . such a contingency a year ago ? * * * Apostrophe to "Stagger 'em" Titles of essays on all written work. As a fitting apostrophe to the District Superin- Name and class on all written work. tendent who said, " Stagger ' em," the following is Ditto for blackboard drawings. sent by a subscriber to the BULLETIN : 2 Lettering of maps and diagrams. To My Superior * * * O, Inferior The lettering of folios, the backs of thin Superior, documents, etc., by your children when With beaming exterior they have obtained employment in offices, But motive etc., makes them more efficient and valu- Ulterior ! able to their employers. Thou surely * * * Art queerier Upon the Regarding the foregoing a Teacher writes : Interior Will someone answer the following questions : And certainly 1. What about all the prospective doctors and Eerier lawyers and ministers and plumbers and farmers Than the who wish to be valuable to themselves and the Superior public ? Inferior ! 2. As some children will undoubtedly become steeple-jacks or window washers, or roofers, who World Conference on Education must keep their heads at great heights, shall we not have all the children climb the flagpole once a week ? The second great World Conference in Education 3. In as much as the increasing use of the type- will be held in Edinburgh , Scotland, July 20-28, 1925. The teachers of Scotland have donated writer makes it likely that most children now in $25,000 to meet the local expenses of this meeting. school will rarely be required to write anything in long hand other than a signature and in as much as They have reserved 1000 rooms in Edinburgh and a printed signature will not be accepted on a check, vicinity for the visiting teachers . The liner Canopia contract, deed, or other legal instrument, is it logical leaving New York for Glasgow on July 8th has been reserved for American visitors to this conference. to teach children a printed signature and accustom them to its use by daily practice during the time The expense of the trip will vary from $300 to $500 . when they would naturally be acquiring a distinctive C. H. Williams, Secretary of the World Federation, written signature ? Columbia, Missouri, will give complete information. 4. In as much as Chicago schools teach the use We need a subscription list of 5,000. When we of the muscular movement in penmanship, and as get such a list we can get second class mailing privi- printing is done with a finger movement is it ped- leges and mail 5,000 BULLETINS for $ 1.25 whereas agogically sound to begin a written exercise with now they cost $75 to mail. Send in your subscrip- a printed head ? tion and ask others to do the same. The price is 5. Is it not likely, if teachers met in councils, they only $1 for the rest of this school year. SUBSCRIPTION to Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin Name Address ....... ..... (Street and Number) City Subscription price $3.00 per year, $1.00 for three months . MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. 58 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Tales Told Out of School She is a little Arizona girl and very feminine. each from the elementary pupils, yielding about "Mother," she said, "I have learned to punctuate. $35,000-the whole contribution to total about See ! When you write Hark! you put a hatpin $75,000. * * * after it and when you ask a question you put a buttonhook." * * * School principal of a city of the Far West upon being dismissed : "Thank Heaven ! Now I can go into a saloon and take a drink like a man. " A discerning teacher : “ On the way to school we * * * passed a banker humming jazz. A block farther on an Italian ditch-digger was whistling grand opera." It is in the Black Hand district of Chicago where * * * the children , when they hear a report in the street, remark, casually, "Just a gun going off." The Teacher (asking the children what they want to teacher has canvassed the children and she has found be when they grow up ) : “ Wouldn't you like to be a than only two per cent of them drink either water principal of a school ?" or milk with their meals, so she calls this caution Johnnie : “ O , my, no ! I'd rather work ! " after them as she dismisses them at noon : " Don't * * * drink a lot of wine, children, come back sober . " * * * Fifth Grade Teacher (with 58 in her class ) , referring to the “bad boy” in her room : "He drew The total cost of public education in the United a knife on me once but that was only a minor of- States in 1923 amounted to about one billion dollars. fense ." * * * * * Chorus : " Certain dismissed principals get a de- At Waukegan, last month, a primary teacher re- gree from a University and then qualify as experts ceived a unique compliment. She had been teach- to reduce the cost of education and to curtail the ing the first grade youngsters of that town for forty tendency of the teachers to talk out loud." years and three generations united to do her hom- * * * age. Mrs. Adeline Morey is her name and the Cen- tral School auditorium of Waukegan was filled to The proposal of the Board of Education to secure overflowing as this much loved teacher, enthroned the passage of a state law retiring teachers and prin- in a bower of lilies and roses, listened to generous cipals at the age of 70 with a state annuity of $1,500 words of appreciation and praise from men of (in addition to the regular pension) has aroused affairs who had learned their letters from her. much comment. One effect of the law would be to Francis G. Blair, among others, had been her induce teachers to continue in the profession to that pupil. A gift of $ 100 was presented to her by the age. Another effect would be to greatly strengthen School Board. the pension fund. There are now teaching in Chi- * * * cago 39 elementary teachers and 9 high school teach- ers with ages ranging from 70 to 76. There is one "Dear Teacher : Christopher took too many can- high school principal of 83 and one elementary prin- dies and bananas last Sunday and his stomach was cipal of the same age. One district superintendent upside down. I kept him those days home. " * * * is 73, one member of the Board of Examiners is 74, one elementary principal is 77, one is 78 and two are 79. Besides these five high school principals and By 'phone from Joliet : "Automatic increases have been cut off." fifteen elementary principals range in age from 70 * * * to 76. * * * And now comes Mr. George H. Locke who dis- He : " I can't make head nor tail to this salary approves the "Silence" sign in libraries. He insists schedule ." that the library should be a place of social contact, She : " There is no head or tail to it." a place where book-loving people may talk over * * * what they read with others of like taste, and he has instituted this reform in the Toronto Public Library. * * * In Rochester, New York, they have not built a high school in twenty years. The Junior High An intensive study of Chicago boys (under 21 ) schools have killed the high schools. has led John H. Wetter, executive secretary of Chi- * * * cago Boys ' Week Federation, to the conclusion that 450,000 are " underprivileged," 180,000 are fully Francis G. Blair , State Superintendent of Schools privileged while 20,000 are " overprivileged. " of Illinois, proposes to raise $225,000 by voluntary * * * contributions to rehabilitate the schools in the tor- nado district in the southern part of the state. He In order to get good work out of men, a boss must asks from the schools of Chicago $1 from each first inspire confidence in his ability to handle his teacher-a total of $12,000 ; 50 cents each from high job ; second, gain the friendship of the men whom school pupils , amounting to $27,000 ; and 10 cents he directs. John Blake . MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 59 One Reason Why Chicago Children Have to Be Platooned Parked on the Playground in Sweltering Heat or Freezing Cold; Stored Away in Basements and Auditoriums When It Rains te Cat The following news item photographed from the with Judge Jarecki and County Treasurer P. A. Daily News appears to be a glaring example of one Carr, has agreed to have a representative attend the kind of "tax-fixing" in Chicago which the Chicago hearings on complaints by delinquent real estate tax- Teachers' Federation has for the past twenty-five payers which begin in the County Court on July 13 years been fighting against. Miss Haley, business and to have a stenographer present in the public representative of the Federation, after conference interest. (Photographic Reproduction.) THE DAILY NEWS, FRIDAY, MAY 29, 1925 . former years in real estate taxes is a for the Pancoe Bros., owners of the sta- simple one. Since uncovering the three tionery firm of Sidney Morris & Co. , the "fixers" found it convenient to re- specific cases in question County Judge turn their share of $ 1,475 of the fraudu- OUSTS 2 COURT AIDS Jarecki has spent a month inspecting lent tax saving when Attorney Benja each record entered in 650 tax suits min Bachrach, representing the Pan- heard by him last July. coes, threw them into consternation, by ‫נין‬ Each July the county treasurer pre- beginning a thorough examination of IN TAX-SUIT "FIXING' pares delinquent tax suits against all the County court records for years realty owners who have falled to pay back. taxes for the year previous, plus penal- Judge Jarecki made it plain that he ties. When the suits were filed in the would continue to sit personally in all County court last year Judge Jarecki tax-delinquent suits during the two allowed the usual blanket order of five years remaining of his term. In addi- Judge Jarecki Finds Own days' time forsued the amounts for. of objections to ing the filing tionthe indicatedofhis he records hisintention court forof check- the year Among other objections filed were previous to his election as county judge Minutes in Error ; Recovers three in which some twenty-seven or twenty-eight property owners joined, in 1923 so as to take in the entire period of the statute of limitations, which represented by Attorneys J. R. Gold $100,000 for County. berg and Henry S. Cowen. Goldberg, would expire next fall. Assistant Finds Discrepancy. 10 who has an office in the Garrick The- ater building is associated with Former Credit for revealing the matter was State Representative Samuel E. Wein- given to County Treasurer Carr and Approximately $100,000 in 1923 real shenker, a democratic leader in the 20th County Clerk Sweitzer by Judge Ja- estate taxes illegally withheld since last ward and now of the legal counsel for recki. Mr. Carr, upon learning of the July by reason of erroneous court or- the sanitary district. apparent irregularity of the record In letters to delinquent real estate through Assistant Treasurer Lindhelm- ders entered by his own minute clerk, er, instructed the latter to lay the en- taxpayers Goldberg, Cowen and their tire situation before the county judge. has been brought back to the public associates treasury during the last month as a had suggested the possibil- after apprising Mr. Sweitzer of the er- ity of obtaining substantial reductions roneous record . result of action by County Judge Ja- in the taxes and penalties. They of- "As far as Cook county is concerned recki to break up a ring of county build- fered their services for a fee of 50 per these ing tax fixers," it became known to cent of whatever amount was saved. It cases have all been cleaned up, day. the'record corrected and the difference was thus that they filed the formal ob- between the sums sued for and amounts 1 Dismissal of Charles Wurster, fectionsto in vet failed eran minute clerk of the County acourt the three produce cases, evidence butCoun- before they paid under authority of those erroneous orders made good by the taxpayers," and democratic candidate for the board ty Judge Jarecki to substantiate the al- said Treasurer Carr. " We have served of assessors at the last election, and of legation that the assessments sued for notice on everybody concerned by this were " fraudulently excessive." action that taxes can't be fixed in the Frank Nibbe, for years an employe in As a matter of routine where objec- the county treasurer's office, was de tors fail to produce evidence. judgment county treasurer's office, although it is manded of County Clerk Sweltzer and is entered by the court for the full a big office and it is possible perhaps County Treasurer P. J. Carr By Judge amount sued for. However, in the occasio nally to put something over on temporarily." Jarecki. Both were permitted to re three cases. Judge Jarecki found the usTo neither sign. notation "Objection sustained Judg. heimer did Mr. Carr nor Mr. Lind- the delinquents' agent, An arrangement was said to exist ment refused" in Wurster's minute Frank Nibbe, admit any complicity in between the two county employes and ty book.. In each Judge of the Jarecki hadthree cases Coun rendered " fixing ." In the case of Wurster Coun- judg. ty Clerk Sweltzer said he was attorneys for tax objectors by which ment for the full amount of the suits. prepar "not three erroneous entries were made re- In each case the lower figure named honested to charge any one with dis- y." sulting in the loss of $100,000-to the in the objection immediately was paid "In my view the whole thing has been county in taxes. Wurster and Nibbe forthwith to the county treasurer's washed out satisfactorily and the door admitted they were responsible for the office and a receipt in full obtained has been closed to a repetition of such three mistakes . Nibbe . through the agency of Frank occurrences," said Mr. Sweitzer. " To The sults were among twenty-eight Taxpayers Settle in Full. say the least the records were kept in Evidence that practically all the careless fashion. I am not prepared to tax-collection suits brought in the Coun- ty court by Treasurer Carr, acting as taxpayers who entered into the ar- charge any one with dishonesty, and county collectors. The record shows rangement intentioned for reduction well their taxes of honestly and the calling of tontion of the matter public atin to purpose they were settled for $100,000 less than were the opinion that the proceedings were should serve a good warning taxpayers who are solicited by Judge Jarecki's orders calledfor. In de regular is found in the fact that all as 'fixers' that there can be no guarantee manding their dismissal Judge Jarecki sented to repay the difference to the given that taxes thus reduced will re- was careful to give each the benefit of county, amounting to a total of $100,- main so." the doubt as to his intent in the matter. 000. Wurster, he added, informed him be- Seeks Other Errors . It was revealed that they had "set- fore the exposure that he intended to tled," previous to learning the true sit- resign and enter private business . The method by which the county uation, on the basis of "fifty-fifty" of treasury was deprived of the $100,000 what was supposed to be saved by the last year and presumably vast sums in lawyers. In one instance, at least that 60 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Milwaukee School Board Refuses to Extend Platoon Unanimously Votes It Down Reports in the Chicago papers that the Milwaukee Mrs. Berger got a laugh by offering as a substi- School Board had been elected on the platoon issue tute a motion to proceed with an open discussion of prove to be an error. Only one member of the the majority and minority reports on the platoon Board running at the recent election favored the system. platoon and her large vote is accounted for by Mil- The chair asked if it was desired to hear Mr. waukee people by the fact that she was the only Boyce. woman running. Milwaukee has only one platoon Mrs. Berger got another laugh, in which Mr. school and the extension of the system was unani- Boyce joined, by answering "No." mously voted down at a Board meeting held on May Miss Gardner Protests 21. The Milwaukee Leader of May 22 reports the discussion of the subject at the Board meeting as Miss Gardner then asked that she be given the follows : privilege of speaking later, as one of the signers of the minority report on the platoon plan, and said Platoon Plan Extension is Not she desired at this time to register a protest against Favored continuance of the rotary plan at the Cass Street school and against providing building additions there Principal Thomas Boyce won his fight to continue designed specifically to further the rotary plan. his platoon school experiment in the Cass Street Principal Boyce having stated that he was pre- school before the special meeting of the School pared to submit a brief report on the results of the Board Thursday night, but an attempt to extend the first year under his plan, Director Walter Alexan- plan to the Hanover Street school proved a dismal der called for that report and Boyce took the floor. failure, the plea of Principal W. F. Hein, ostensibly He insisted that last year had been the Cass Street indorsed by his entire staff of teachers, being de- school's most successful year since he had been its feated. principal, that the records showed the children had Incidentally, Director Meta Berger and Miss Ethel lived better school lives, had never before given Gardner, president of the Milwaukee Teachers' As- such attention to the "3 R's," that they had read sociation , defeated in their efforts to have the entire 23,000 books during the year and that teachers, platoon system fight formally discussed in the com- pupils and most parents were alike enthusiastic over mittee of the whole, achieved their purpose by in- the plan. direct means and thus were able to get the opinions Miss Gardner than took the floor. of Miss Gardner and Miss Clara Manthey, teachers' representatives and signers of the minority report Shows Thorough Probe on the platoon school inspection trip a year ago , into the record. Disclaiming any personal animus in opposing the Calls It Success plan, she said, in effect : " So far as I know the invitation to Miss Manthey Principal Boyce calls his plan the "rotary" plan . Mr. Boyce says his " rotary" plan is an unqualified and myself to serve on the committee that investi- success and that what he asks now is not an exten- gated the platoon plan in other cities was the first sion of time for experimenting but an extension of time in history that two ordinary teachers ever were taken onto a similar school board committee. There- time for "developing" the plan. It was a resolution of Director Berger, adopted by fore we took the privilege very seriously and investi- the Board Thursday night, that gave Mr. Boyce gated as thoroughly as was possible, even remain- what he asked. ing in Detroit after the committee finished its work Thursday night's meeting was a snappy, interest- to get first hand information that was not cut and ing session throughout. dried for us by Detroit officials interested in sending forth good reports of the platoon system. I even Wanted Issue Opened spent six weeks in Teachers' College, Columbia Uni- Mrs. Berger took the stand that the entire platoon versity, last summer pursuing the study further un- system controversy should be opened up for discus- der Dr. Kilpatrick, and I have continued that study sion. under Dr. Fitzpatrick in Marquette University Director Sherman, the only member of the platoon throughout the present school year. plan investigating committee present who signed the Convinced On Stand majority report favoring adoption of the platoon plan here, held that the call for the special meeting "As a result of all this intensive study I am more was not broad enough to include such a discussion . than ever convinced that Miss Manthey and I were Mrs. Berger held that her resolution to give the right in the stand we took in the minority report. Boyce plan a further trial for at least three or four Everyone now admits that we have a platoon school years could not be discussed intelligently aside from in Milwaukee despite the disguised name, and we the entire problem. believe it has proven our claim that the platoon plan Director Waldemar Wehe sought to hurry mat- is not an educational, but an administrative device. ters along by moving to grant the request of Prin- It may interest you to know that 15,000 copies of cipal Boyce. the minority report have been circulated among edu MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 61 cators throughout the country and that it was used Letter from Milwaukee コ as a textbook at Columbia University. From a Milwaukee teacher : We have won a de- "We have been assured by leading educators the cided victory in that we have stopped the extension country over that our stand is sound and we wanted of the platoon in Milwaukee. The Board appears the teachers' organization and its representatives in to be heartily sick of the matter and the two assist- the controversy on record. That is why I wished ant superintendents who favored the platoon did not to speak tonight." show up at the special meeting called for the purpose Director Alfred Hiles Bergen asked : "Do you of discussing the question. The statement in Chi- think Detroit and Cleveland are headed for ignorance cago papers is absolutely false in regard to the elec- -) because they have adopted the platoon plan ?" tion of " Pro-platoonites " to the Board . There was very little interest in the election and the platoon Shows More Opposition was not made an issue. Gertrude Sherman was the only candidate who had stood for the platoon who "Not only educators but leading administrators in was elected and her large vote is accounted for by other lines declare the plan unsound pedagogically," the fact that she was the only woman running. said Miss Gardner, “and, incidentally, Cleveland has not adopted the platoon system ." "Oh," muttered Bergen. How to Go to the N. E. A. Miss Gardner made it clear that she did not op- The Chicago division of the Illinois Teachers' pose necessary additions to the Cass Street school, Association authorizes the following : but merely opposed additions designed solely to per- The National Education Association holds its an- petuate the rotary or platoon plan . nual meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, June 28 to "Children," she declared, "are too precious to be July 3, 1925 . experimented with along wrong psychological and A round trip ticket from Chicago to Indianapolis pedagogical lines." (time limit June 25 to July 10) may be secured for Answering another question, she stated that she $9.93 on presentation of " Indentification Certifi- cate." found platoon schools in some of the "better dis- tricts" in Detroit, but that mostly they were in the The Illinois Teachers' Special Train will leave poorer districts, where the pupils were children of from the Dearborn Station, Sunday, June 28, at foreigners and of the laboring class. "These experi- 12 noon, standard time, over the Monon Route. If ments usually are tried out on the poorer people you wish to go on the "Teachers' Special" please first," she added. communicate with Mrs. Bertha S. Armbruster, 4152 West End avenue, who will furnish identification Bergen Again Loses certificates and make parlor car reservations ($1.13 Director Bergen got another rebuff when he tried additional ) . For hotel rates see May issue of N. E. A. Journal . to make Miss Manthey admit that teachers in the traditional schools had too many subjects to handle The influence of the Class Room Teacher is in- to do any of them well, while teachers under the creasing in the N. E. A. but it is not increasing fast platoon plan could specialize. enough . With ninety per cent of the dues-paying "How many subjects do you teach in the tradi- members from the class room the delegate body tional school" he demanded belligerently. should show at least a majority from that group but it nowhere approaches this. However, while "One," replied Miss Manthey imperturbably. " We the business meetings of the N. E. A. are open to teach just one thing-living." delegates only, the department meetings are open to "Oh," said Bergen again, and subsided for the all members . moment. The Department of Class Room Teachers which, Mr. Bergen sought solace in a reversion to the naturally, is the largest has on its program discus- music angle, declaring the children in the Boyce sions on Teacher Participation in the Determination school were ready for the recent May festival while of Policies , Teacher Rating, and the Function of the children in some of the traditional schools were Teachers' Organizations . not . There were calls for a vote on the Wehe mo- Chicago should be well represented at this con- tion, which was really a motion to adopt the Berger vention and all teachers who can do so are urged to resolution, and the motion was passed by a viva voce attend. vote. (This resolution gave further time to experiment Joliet Defeats Tax Increase on the platoon in the Cass school. ) Over in Short Time Joliet, for the second time, voted down an increase in the school tax-rate, June 9. At a school election The request for permission to extend the rotary in January a proposal to increase the tax rate for system to the Hanover Street school was quickly school purposes from $2.75 to $4 was voted down . disposed of on motion of Director Berger that the A statement from Superintendent H. Ambrose Per- request be denied at this time. The general opinion rin published in the Joliet Herald-News of June 3 in the brief discussion was that no extension of the explains the situation resulting from this : plan is advisable until further trial has been given it " We have agreed to cut out part of the manual at Cass Street. training and domestic science and to suspend some 62 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN of the kindergartens . Even with savings all along proval of the city council] approved and appointed the line we face an indebtedness of $225,000 at the by the city council upon the recommendation of the end of the fiscal year, July 1." mayor three of whom shall be appointed for the Certain elements in Joliet, notably the labor organ- term of one year, two or whom for the term of two izations, opposed the increase in the tax rate, insist- years, two of whom for the term of three years, ing that the assessments on property are far too low . two of whom for the term of four years, and two As a revaluation cannot be had under the benighted of whom for the term of five years. Thereafter , tax laws of Illinois until 1927 , another special elec- at the expiration of the term of any member of said tion was held on June 9, to increase the tax rate for board, his successor shall be appointed in like man- educational purposes only, from $2.00 to $2.65 , and ner, and all persons thus appointed, and their suc- this was defeated by a majority of 1,643. Only 897 cessors, shall hold office for the term of five years voters came out to favor the increase, while 2,540 from the first day of May of the year in which they voted against it ; 20,000 stayed at home. are appointed ; Provided, that the term of any mem- ber, or members, of said board of education may be Ruinous Retrenchment terminated by a majority vote taken at any regular meeting of the city council of said city after notice A drastic retrenchment policy is now the program given to all members of said city council at least in Joliet. As the Joliet teachers have no Tenure six days before the meeting. Such vote may be Law teachers in all the Kindergartens, and many taken upon motion of any member of said city coun- Manual Training and Household Art teachers will cil, and must be taken upon receipt of a petition not be re-elected because this work below the seventh therefor signed by such a number of legal voters of and eighth grades will be eliminated, automatic in- the city as will aggregate not less than five per cent creases will be suspended beginning in September. of all votes cast for mayor in the last preceding elec- No more buildings will be erected, only necessary tion of mayor. Any vacancy that may occur in the repairs will be made and the janitor service will be membership of said board of education shall be cut down. Schools may be run only half-day. The filled through appointment by the [mayor, with the "fresh air" rooms for undernourished children will approval of the city council, ] city council upon remain open, but charity will be depended upon to recommendation of the mayor for the unexpired feed these children. Sick leaves for teachers (ten term. If any person so appointed shall fail to days yearly without loss of pay) will be abandoned. qualify within a period of thirty days after his ap- The situation affects only the elementary schools. pointment, the office shall be filled by a new ap- The high schools have a separate Board of Educa- pointment for the unexpired term : Provided, how- tion and a separate tax which affords ample funds. ever, that in such cities wherein at the time this law shall go into effect there are members of a board of education holding office by appointment, such mem- bers shall continue in their office until eleven per- House Bill 603 sons have been appointed and qualified as members of said board of education under this Act. Introduced by Mr. O'Toole, May 12, 1925 . To be eligible for appointment to the board of Read by title, ordered printed and referred to education, the person must be at least thirty years of age and a citizen of the United States , and, shall Committee on Education. have been a resident of the city for at least five A BILL years immediately preceding his or her appointment. Permanent removal from said city by any member For an Act to amend Section 128 of "An Act to of said board during his or her term of office shall constitute a resignation therefrom and create a establish and maintain a system of free schools," approved and in force June 12, 1909, as amended. vacancy in said board. Members of the board of education shall [serve without compensation] be Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, compensated for their services on said board at the represented in the General Assembly : rate of Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) a year, to SECTION 1. Section 128 of " An Act to establish be paid from the moneys derived or to be derived and maintain a system of free schools," approved from the general tax levy for educational purposes. They shall not while serving as such members, hold and in force June 12, 1909, as amended, is amended to read as follows : other public office under the federal, state or any local government other than that of notary public or Sec. 128. Each city having a population exceed- member of the national guard, and by accepting any ing one hundred thousand inhabitants shall consti- such office while members of the board of education , tute one school district which shall maintain a thor- or by not resigning any such office held at the time of ough and efficient system of free schools, which shall being appointed to the board of education within be under the charge of a board of education, which thirty days after such appointment, shall be deemed shall be a body politic and corporate by the name to have vacated their membership in such board. of " Board of Education of the City of.......... ,” No power vested in such board of education or and by that name may sue and be sued in all courts any of its officers, agents or employes shall be exer- and places where judicial proceedings are had. The cised by the city council of such city. said board of education shall consist of eleven mem- NOTE : Words in brackets in the above Bill are words in bers , to be [appointed by the mayor, with the ap- the present law which are not a part of this Bill. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 63 (Continued from page 52) to the people they are serving ; they are too far no Now, that is what you have when you have a very removed from them. I think this is a good thing . for Alderman Brieske : How many school chil- few people on an unpaid Board. Personally, I am 10 opposed to it. dren did you say there were ? e and I think the item of $110,000 which will be required 420,000 School Children in Chicago to pay the eleven members is a small item when you Miss Haley : Nearly four hundred twenty of see the way things are done in board meetings. I thousand. ke have been sitting there for twenty-five years attend- Alderman Cronson : I move as a substitute eir ing those meetings and we have a stenographic report motion that this state eleven members . er of those meetings for the past nine years, and they make very interesting reading when you see how Alderman Mills : Perhaps Alderman Boutell will withdraw his motion . they spend thirty minutes discussing whether they will take one style of opera chairs or another be- Alderman Boutell : I feel , Mr. Chairman, just tween which there is a difference of fifty cents a this way about it. As Miss Haley has pointed 100 chair involved, and then dispose of the interests of out, of course, six constitute a quorum at the the children affecting ten or twelve schools in less present time with the membership of the board than a half minute ; I think you would realize there at eleven. If you reduce the board to seven you should be some responsibility somewhere on some will have four constituting a quorum . That is a people in this city for these policies adopted in the difference of two members, but it strikes me schools, and I think $110,000 or $70,000, whether if you give the members of the board of educa- you expend one or the other, is a small item in fifty tion a salary of ten thousand dollars a year you will be able to command their attendance, be- or sixty millions. cause if a man does not take an active interest in Board Members Have No Time 1 his duties then you are in a position where some T Take this matter of appraising school lands : That action can be taken in the city council with ref- 1 board will have a finance committee to hear the ap- erence to his removal. In other words, you have praisals on school property, and lawyers will come in some means where you can apply the pressure and compel him to devote his time to his duties. and dispute the new appraisement and they will probably hold it up for five or six years, as has been However, I am perfectly willing to withdraw my done before ; but if you had a paid Board who de- amendment, as far as that goes. It strikes me, voted all their time to Board matters and who really however, it is certainly worth a little considera- tion before we decide to withdraw that amend- knew what that property is worth, or would even take the time when we come before them and have ment. In other words, let it be open for discus- sion at the committee meeting in Springfield . the evidence* to show them that the appraisement is too low-they will not take enough time to let it soak Large Board More Representative 1 into their brains they all have their business to Alderman Cronson : The larger your body is attend to and they want to get away and they are im- the more representative it is, the more difference patient with anybody who wants to take time, who of opinion you get, and the more difference of wants to go into a matter as big as that, and we are opinion you get the more likely you are to work likely to have $500,000 tied up for five or six years some good out of it. If you cut it down to a because nobody will take the time to look into it, smaller number you have not got the representa- because if they did they would find that those law- tion that you would have on a larger board and yers have not a leg to stand on . you will not have the differences of opinion. We are anxious to see that the members have Alderman Boutell : I know as a practical prop- time to give to the business. We are glad to get osition that the smaller the board the more each ten or fifteen minutes of a board member's ear member is acquainted with the subject matter. when they are dashing out of the meetings, and Where you get a larger board there is some ten- that is about all we do get. dency for a certain number of members to sit by I do not like the idea of just the seven mem- and let the balance do most of the work . bers. I think the matter of $40,000 is too small Alderman Mills : You are right about that in to control that. some cases, but in a place of this size with the Chairman Brieske : If that is in there, or rather magnitude of the work we have here and where if that is not in there, the matter of the seven, the number of problems are so great you neces- you will approve of this house bill ? sarily must follow the advice of experts anyway. Miss Haley : Yes , I believe somebody should In a smaller town the argument you have made be responsible for what the board does . I never would apply, but in a place as large as this with saw any board which thought it owed any re- so many interests and so many elements , as Al- sponsibility to anybody, any board that is ap- derman Cronson has suggested, who feel they pointed, where the appointing power has no con- are entitled to representation, I think eleven is trol over them, whether it is the mayor or the not too large, from my experience. city council; they do not feel their responsibility Alderman Nelson : What is the total income of taxes received by the board of education in its *NOTE.-On July 9, 1924, in a communication from the business representative of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation, education and building fund per annum ? the Board of Education was asked to consider the evidence here referred to, showing the value of these school lands. Miss Haley : About fifty million dollars . (See Report No. 9263 of Proceedings of Board of Educa- Alderman Clark : And we are spending about tion of July 9, 1924. ) Further information on this matter will be given in the next issue of the Bulletin .-Ed . seventy-five ? 64 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Miss Haley : No, they are spending about Alderman Mills : We have had a sad experi- three million dollars a year more than the in- ence, I will admit that. come . Alderman Cronson : I do not see that there Alderman Clark : I thought it was twenty-five should be any reasons to go outside of Chicago. million. I think Chicago is the greatest city in the world, Miss Haley : No, they have done that so long and I think you all do. that it amounts to twenty this year and it will be Chicago's Experience Unfortunate twenty-five next year. Alderman Mills : Our experiences, I admit, Alderman Nelson : In other words, they are have been most unfortunate, but nevertheless, I spending $53,000,000 a year ? contend the principle is sound, and I call your at- Miss Haley : Yes. tention to the fact that the Chicago Public Li- Amendment Withdrawn brary never approached the influence it has had since prior to the time Mr. Legler was brought Alderman Boutell : Mr. Chairman, I will with- here from Wisconsin . draw my amendment. Alderman Clark : I am in favor of Chicago. Alderman Cronson : I have to go now, I am Alderman Nelson : I am in favor when we are sorry I cannot stay any longer, and I want to seeking for the head of any public body, that it suggest this, that if the committee goes down should be confined to Chicago. there that they should try to get inserted in the Alderman Cronson : I will make that as a mo- bill that any man eligible to hold the office of tion. superintendent of schools, business manager or Alderman Clark : I will second the motion. attorney for the board shall be a resident of the Alderman Nelson : So will I. state for at least five years preceding his elec- Alderman Bowler : What is the motion ? tion . I will make that as a motion . Secretary Harrah : The substance of it is that Alderman Nelson : Is there any difference of this committee thinks it advisable to suggest an opinion on that ? amendment to the bill to provide that the attor- Alderman Mills : I do feel, as I have said sev- ney, the superintendent and the business man- eral times before, that while we have plenty of ager shall have been citizens for at least five talent in Chicago, still we might be justified in years of the city before they will be eligible for going outside for it. those positions . Alderman Cronson : There should be enough Chairman Brieske : All those in favor signify educators in the city, people possessed of the with the usual sign. necessary qualifications without having to go out- (All aldermen present vote aye with the ex- side for help . ception of Alderman Mills, who votes no ) . The Issue: "Shortage of School Revenue" The School Authorities Say—“Platoon the Schools " The Teachers Say " Stop Tax- Fixing and Tax-Dodging" Why the Children are to be platooned Taxable Billion Property 40 Dollars Property Billion Taxed 4Dollars Billion Illegally Escaping Taxation 36 Dollars One - Tenth of the Value of the Taxable Property in Chicago Bears the Entire Tax Burden Typical Example of Tax-Dodging by Under-Assessment -Valuation of land comprising Palmer House Site : (1)-Valuation As fixed by Real Estate Appraisers for purpose of Loan ........ $20,000,000 As fixed by Board of Assessors for purpose of taxation . 7,425,000 Taxes withheld from the public treasury by illegal under - assessment 514,000 WJu00 25 "Kind Words" Number U. S. POSTAGE 12c . PAID xpe CHICAGO, ILLINOIS the Margaret Haley's PERMIT NO . 3663 ica wor adr less Dur ic ! sh oug Weekly Bulletin VOL . II CHICAGO , ILL. , JUNE 25, 1925 TRADES ONCOUNOL 100 CHICAGO DOUBLE NO . 10 AND 11 go. we ha a Blotted Pages E H 01 T AW L THE VERY CHAP I'VE NTLY ti TOLD YOU 00 OF FOR E FTRAAUXDEUSL 1923 ERSETAALTE TWENTY- FIVE $00,0 YEARS HELD 1 WITH RDS X CO TA ROEK U NT Y CO CO TAX HERS TEAC FIXER TION FEDERA 5 0 50 10 5 WELTY 25 Approximately $100,000 in 1923 real estate taxes illegally withheld since last July by reason of erro- neous court orders entered by his own minute clerk, has been brought back to the public treasury dur- ing the last month as a result of action by County Judge Jarecki to break up a ring of county building "tax-fixers."-From "Daily News" article which appeared in the BULLETIN June 11. 66 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Cameron School Patrons Protest Junior High Hearing Before School Adminstration Committee From Stenographic Report-June 16, 1925 Excerpts from Stenographic Report of Regular At the present time the Cameron School has Meeting of School Administration Committee, not the double platoon system for them to go to Chicago Board of Education, June 16, 1925. school and the mothers are only too glad to have The meeting was called to order by the Chair- their children go to school you might say all man, Mrs. Hefferan, who presided. day. The children are busy in school and it is Roll call showed the following members pres- no more than right. Otherwise, you are taking ent : Mrs. Gregg, Mr. Greenebaum, Mr. Coath something away from the children, you are put- and Mrs. Hefferan ; also, Mr. English. ting the children on the street. * * * Parents Should Be Considered (After deliberation over other matters for half an hour, the Cameron School matter was taken up at You take the Nobel School, you have got to 4:00 o'clock.) cross a street car track , Crawford and Grand * * * Avenue, one of the most dangerous points on the The Secretary : 11669, Establishment of Junior northwest side. That is the situation about that High Schools. That portion of the report which and there are a great many of them going to that pertains to the Cameron School . school . To go to the Ryerson School you have The Chairman : The Superintendent has got to cross the Chicago Avenue line and that al- amended report by sending in this letter. so is a very busy street and then you take the The Secretary : (Reads) “June 15, 1925, ad- Lowell School, you have got the double platoon dressed to the Chairman of the Committee . An- system there , and that is absolutely I think, part swering your inquiry in re the subject of opening of the Chicago schools system. The children are Junior High School , organization and accommo- absolutely packed in there at the present time, dations for little children not in the Junior High and I do not see how you are going to take the Schools . The organization has always given a children from the Cameron School and put them large amount of consideration where the estab- in there the way the situation is, and the same lishment of a Junior High School in a present ele- thing applies to the Lowell School. mentary school building would subject these chil- I cannot see why the mothers and fathers who, dren to greater risk in crossing lines of traffic to also , I believe, have a right to voice their senti- go to their new school , we have planned for the ment, should not be considered. I think that this retention of classes of the smaller children in the Board ought to take cognizance of it that they same building with the Junior High School . Our have a right as taxpayers to have their request plans for the Cameron and Stockton Junior High given consideration in that way. School contemplate the retention of four grades Now, I do not know, I might go on and on and for the smaller children. Signed by the Super- talk to you for about an hour. You mothers intendent." that are on the Board here , you know how our mothers feel that send their children to the Cam- Alderman Nusser Voices Protest eron School. There are a number of them here The Chairman : Mr. Alderman, we will be that would like to be heard as well and I wish glad to hear from you. you would hear from them. I might want to Mr. Eugene Nusser, Alderman of the 36th add a few words after they get through. Mrs. Ward : I am here in protest to the making of the Wegner, I would like to have her speak. Cameron , an elementary school, into a Junior Parents Fear Dangerous Crossings High. I am here for the purpose and for the reason that the people in that section that send Mrs. Wegner : Madam Chairman, you have their children, the mothers and fathers , and there heard from me before, there is very little more are probably at least seventy-five mothers here I would say. The only thing that we do not this afternoon in protest, and I do want to say want is to have our school taken away from us this, I have looked into the situation of making and made a Junior High School, because we need that a Junior High School . it the way it is. It is not so very long ago that I find at a certain time, and if my figures should this same Board came to our Cameron School be wrong I wish to be corrected, that the Lowell and said, "Just wait patiently, you will have a School at present has what you call the double wonderful school where you can send your chil- platoon system, where there are some children to dren , you will have a school that you can be be sent from that school to the Nobel School . I proud of. " Yes, we have, we love that school am not so sure, but I would like to ask if that is and we are proud of it. the fact there ? I understand the Ryerson School By taking that you will compel most of the also has the double platoon system and for that children to cross two street car tracks, that is reason that is one of the points that I object to. very dangerous . Then the others will have to MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 67 walk about nine to twelve blocks to a school. You The Chairman : Mr. Gonnelly, will you an- gt when cannot ask little people to walk that distance we have a good school. We are perfectly swer that ? The nearest Junior. Mr. Gonnelly : This site is the site recommend- satisfied with our school , our teachers and prin- ed by Mr. Davis, the Chairman of the Building cipal. We have waited patiently for the school . Survey, after he had made a city-wide survey, We have built and bought our homes around this is the location that he suggests for one of there because we thought we would locate near the Junior High Schools . a school. Now, when it is not even finished and Mr. Coath : Madam Chairman, I have made a you want to take it away from us after spending very careful study of this Cameron situation. all that money for rebuilding. We have just be- * * * gun and then there is all that money spent when The congested condition that made it necessary you are tearing down and rebuilding where we to build the addition to the Cameron School is citizens, taxpayers and voters of Chicago are sat- such that it has compelled the children during isfied, we do not want any change. all this period of time to be sacrificed. I have A Thousand Parents Petition visited the Cameron School and actually found classes of little children working in what ordina- You have received our petition, almost a thou- rily was a coat room . I have gone along the halls sand names, I think we ought to count for some- and I have found them working in the halls there. thing and I do really wish that you would use your better judgment and put yourselves in our They have suffered every incovenience that any * * * position and ask yourselves as mothers and community could be asked to suffer. fathers, what you would do for your children, Board Servant of People, Says Coath because there is not anything in the world nearer Now, while it is true we are a Board of Educa- and dearer to the mother's heart than the welfare tion and we are members of this Board, the fact of her child. I thank you. (Applause from the still remains that we are servants. Whether we audience.) receive a salary or not, we are servants of the The Chairman : We have got a petition. Any- people and what might be a good thing for one body else to be heard ? community may not be a good thing in another. Mrs. Wegner : For information, you have a The Chairman : May I call on Mr. Bogan ? letter here from John S. Clark, the Alderman, a * * * * letter of protest. Mr. Bogan : Madam Chairman, I sympathize The Chairman : We read that the last time . with the opposition of the parents and I can see Mrs. Wegner : It is not necessary to read it ? the force of Mr. Coath's argument, but I think The Chairman : No. the opposition of the parents is based upon a misconception to a very considerable extent and Mr. Nusser : You also have a resolution passed I feel absolutely certain that if this Cameron prop- at a mass meeting that we had there and I be- osition is abrogated today that these parents will lieve the Committee also sent a copy of that reso- live to regret it, that ten years hence, after their lution to all the members . I believe you all re- children have gone through school without the ceived it? advantage of a Junior High, that they will have The Chairman : They all received it. You all very serious regrets . received a copy of the letter which has to do with * * * * the mass meeting, did you receive yours, Mrs. I would like to refer to several points more. Gregg? One of them is about taking very small children Mrs. Gregg : Yes, I received mine . across dangerous tracks . No one is doing that. The information of the Superintendent, or rec- Mass Meeting Sends Resolution ommendation , which goes far beyond the original one, takes care of that. That will take care of Mr. Nusser : I might add one or two things the dangerous crossings of the young children . more and there is a suggestion that I might make I do not think that point ought to be raised and that is, I believe at the present time that the again . Junior High School is only an experiment, it is in its experimental stage at the present time, in Furthermore, I should like to call attention, Madam Chairman, to the fact that more than a the City of Chicago especially. If you want a Junior High in that neighborhood, if you think thousand of the pupils of the Cameron School cross the tracks now. If you are familiar with that is the most logical neighborhood, I believe the people in that community there are entitled the Cameron you know it is almost impossible to get into Cameron without crossing the tracks to a new High School, if you want to experiment I think that is the way to experiment, not take at Division and Grand Avenue, you might say at the door. They have a membership of four- something away from someone, but give them teen hundred to fifteen hundred . We have fig- something, put a high school there and then you ures showing that more than a thousand cross have a solution of this matter. I think that is those tracks . the only way you could satisfy the people there in that community, because otherwise there Now I think the condition will be very much would be an uprising there certainly, there is no improved for these very young children and their question about it. parents with the adoption of the Junior High Mrs. Gregg : Madam Chairman, where is the School. There is no proposition to throw chil- other high school selected ? dren on the street, no proposition to have double 68 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Platoons , anything of that kind. What we want that are to be convinced because it is their chil- to do is the very best we can for the children and dren attending school and, as has been said this I know that we are bringing through the Cam- afternoon , the Board of Education is a servant eron Junior High School a very, very great bless- of these people and it should not issue orders ing to the people of that community, and another upon them that will bring about a spirit of hos- point- tility, because it is the people of Chicago whose (Cries of no, no, no.) co -operation we want and we need. The Chairman : (Rapping for order) . I do not believe that the board of Education Mr. Bogan : There is no provision to have any is going to serve its best interests, or is going to children go nine or twelve blocks. I do not be- serve the best interests of the people that we lieve it would be possible to find in the arrange- serve by summarily ordering the establishment ment any such scheme as that. of this school, contrary to the wishes of the par- ents and children attending that school. I say, Furthermore, I would like to know the people, that if it is a good thing we need not have any Mr. Coath speaks of. He says he is clamoring fear of going before these people and saying to for a Junior High School in his neighborhood. them that it is a good thing. In the meantime, People of the University of Chicago are doing the I do not believe that we should go and take the same thing, they are demanding a Junior High School school away from them against their protest. and we think it is better to have it in districts of this kind. And again I say the Junior High I think we are using the wrong method and I School will be a great blessing to the Cameron think that we should give it far more serious School and that vicinity . consideration before taking definite action. Mrs. Gregg : May I ask Mr. De Butts whether I am in sympathy with the people who were the Nobel School is a double school ? I believe attending the meeting in the Cameron neighbor- the alderman so stated . hood and who entered a protest against taking it Mr. Nusser : The Ryerson and Lowell School away and changing it into a Junior High . are double Platoon . Mr. Greenebaum : May we hear from Mr. Mr. De Butts : The Lowell is 'double in the Gonnelly ? upper grades . The Ryerson has in fact double Fear for Their Little Children divisions in some of the lower grades . Mr. Gonnelly : I attended the meeting Mr. Mr. English Speaks for Cameron People English spoke of and that the alderman attended Mr. English : Madam Chairman, I think it is the other evening. I went out on Mr. Bogan's much to the credit of the people in the Cameron direction and I carried back to Mr. Bogan the in- School district that they are taking an interest in formation imparted to me at that time. I saw the educational problems of the city. We find there was a great fear on the part of the people very frequently the point is made by principals of in regard to taking their smaller pupils away schools that they do not get the co-operation that from that school. I mentioned that to Mr. Bogan, they would like to have from the people in their reported that to him , and also to Mr. McAndrew. district. Both of them said to me, “Go back and see if I attended a meeting of the people in the Cam- you can figure out any way in which we can care eron district some few days ago and I want to for the smaller pupils." We have done that. say that I am heartily in sympathy with them. A group has come down this afternoon and, They are my class of people also, they live in the Madam Chairman, if I may say, they are under neighborhood, about the same kind of neighbor- a misapprehension. We are not proposing to hood that I live in and I want to say to you that the Board of Education that the school be taken our school is nine years old, that there would be away from them. We are proposing that the the same protest coming from the fathers and school be used to better advantage than it has mothers in that district if you were to take the school away from us and, being a father myself, been used. We are proposing in our plan that I probably would make that protest in having my we have drawn up these things. We are pro- children taken away from that school . posing about fifteen class rooms and we have the numbers here , be retained to take care of the Calls Repression "Wrong Method" kindergarten and grades one and two . We are I would not touch upon the transportation in planning that certain rooms be changed into the neighborhood, the dangerous crossings which shops for boys and girls, or a room for mechanical are an argument in regard to the Junior High drawings, music room and so on . * * * School, but I want to say to you that it is a wrong method that we are using in bringing about the Mr. Gonnelly : I attended the mass meeting Junior High if we wish to make it popular. We at the Cameron School the other evening and we are not going to popularize these things by an have tried to take into consideration the points attitude of repression. If the Board of Education that have been considered this afternoon and we has a good proposition, if the Junior High School feel that this suggestion here meets those evils. is going to be a blessing, let us convince the peo- I might say one thing further. At present the ple of that. Let us go to the Cameron School Cameron School has two or three vacant rooms district and tell these people by logical argument in it and there is space in the basement which can that it is for their benefit that we should take be fitted up for seven shops so that nine more this school away from them. They are the people (Continued on page 79.) MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 69 er ail Proposed Cut In Teachers' "Sick Pay" of Recommended by Industrial Engineers Employed by Board of Education (From Report of Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., presented to the Board of Education , June 10, 1925, by the President In communication H-11887 and referred to the Committee on Finance. The section of the Report here reproduced is that com- mented on in the public press of June 13th and thereafter and referred to herein on page 72.) * * * there is a break during the day the time of re- Attendance and Time Record- Comments : turn to duty should be similarly recorded . These Perhaps the most striking facts disclosed by original records should then be summarized on the present study are the almost entire absence attendance reports for each pay period. The at- of any positive time records at the schools , and tendance reports should be fully certified by the apparent laxity in the matter of attendance a. The individual under whose direct super- control. The situation with respect to absences vision the original time records are kept, is discussed under the following heading . Under b. The individual responsible for the prepara- the present conditions there is no auditing of the tion of the reports , payroll statements as to teachers' attendance and с. The head of the payroll unit, who, in the no audit is possible. The principal's office has case of the school is the principal. the first and last word on the correctness of at- - tendance statements . Payrolls are audited and It is recommended that each school be required approved which are suspected for good reasons, to keep such original time records and that all and which sometimes are definitely known to be teachers be required to record thereon I incorrect in their statements of time . Teachers Time of arrival for duty. have been known to be absent on certain dates Time of return to duty after luncheon . - and to be reported on the payroll as present on Time of departure at close of day. duty on the same dates, but no cognizance was The number of pupils taught, taken of the fact because existing custom and tradition with respect to payroll procedure ap- and that the original time records be summarized parently holds the Secretary's payroll division on attendance reports as above described. The or the Auditor's payroll audit division free from exact form of the records and suggested pro- any responsibility whatever for the accuracy of cedure for maintaining them is hereinafter de- the payrolls in respect to attendance. The like- scribed under the outline of a recommended pay- roll procedure . lihood of the unreliability of the attendance statements is further exemplified in the case of Allowances for Absences-Comments : An substitutes . The preparation of the substitutes' analysis of the reasons on the payrolls for ab- rolls necessitates the assembling, in the Secre- sences discloses the fact that absences attributed tary's office, of each substitute's attendance at all to causes other than illness are practically negli- schools where she had substituted during the pay gible. It is believed that this condition is due period, and frequently a substitute is reported as to the operation of Section 5, Article 8 of the having been on duty at two different schools at Board Rules which is as follows : the same time and on the same date . "Teachers when absent from school shall Attendance and Time Records-Recommenda- forfeit their salary during the continuance of tions: It has been found in almost all fields of such absence , except when the same is occa- employment that many who are scrupulously sioned by the sickness of the teacher, or by the honest in every other respect have little or no death of a relative. In such cases , a teacher compunction in accepting salary payments to all or principal in the elementary schools shall of which they are not entitled because of ab- forfeit two dollars ($2.00) per day ; a teacher sence from duty, tardiness, or other causes which or principal in the high schools two and one- need not be enumerated here. Facts brought half dollars ($2.50) for each day of such ab- out in the present study make it appear that in sence, not exceeding ten school days. In case this respect certain certain teachers are in no way dif- of serious illness of a teacher continuing after ferent from members of any other class. As an absence of two weeks, a refund consisting teachers' salaries are supposed to be paid only of the difference between the amount of the for punctual and regular attendance on duty, teacher's salary and the amount paid the sub- recognition of the necessity for and the impor- stitute shall, upon written order from the tance of a formal and uniform time-keeping pro- Superintendent, be paid the teacher for a cedure in the schools cannot justly be regarded period of ten consecutive weeks following the as any reflection on those teachers who are reg- close of the absence of the first two weeks. ular in attendance. The most simple method of No deduction from salaries shall be made when noting punctual and regular attendance and of teachers are required to be absent on account building up a time record which can be regarded of exposure to contagious disease, or to attend as a satisfactory voucher for the payroll is to the Juvenile Court, or any other court in the require each employe to record his or her time administration of school matters, or in any of arrival immediately upon arrival for duty and case in which the State of Illinois, or City of similarly to record the time of departure. If Chicago, or any department of said state or 70 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN months after action had been taken. On December payroll city, is a party, or in civil cases in which the the principal of the school reported this teacher as having teacher is subpoenaed, but is not interested in been present 10 days and absent 10 days. The payroll divi- sion not having any information to the contrary, paid for the outcome of the litigation." 10 days' full attendance and 10 days' illness which amounted There is evidence that the privilege of two weeks ab- to $ 105 . Later under the date of March 16, 1925 , the office of the superintendent approved an application for sick pay for the period January 5 to February 27, 1925 , inclusive. sence with no greater penalty than the deduction of $2 or The payroll division placed the name of this teacher on an $2.50 per school day has been very generally abused with a illness payroll dated March 17, 1925, for $234. Payment of consequent abnormal loss of time at an enormous cost to this amount was stopped by the payroll audit division be- cause they had received advice that the teacher had been the Board. The imposition of a small penalty for absence placed on the unassigned list. Had the notice placing the due to illness may in fact be said to have encouraged ab- teacher's name on the unassigned list been delayed only a senteeism, as it is generally known that many teachers as- few days more, the $234 payment on the illness payroll would have been made. sume the attitude: "I am paying for my absence and there is therefore no reason why I should not be absent." This Not only is information as to the amount of absence in attitude is of course wholly unreasonable, because the commercial enterprises not abundant, but absences depend Board stands the big burden of the loss, but it illustrates so much on the working conditions and the working force the inadequacy of a comparatively small penalty. Remedial that it is not possible to obtain any rate which could fairly measures will be discussed in the next section. be compared with that in the teaching force of Chicago. That there is an abnormal loss of time atributed to ill- In an office force of some 2,000 employes of a large Chi- ness "not exceeding ten school days " is supported by an cago company ( 8 hours a day, 2 weeks vacation) the aver- analysis of the March payrolls which shows the following age rate of absences for all causes is reported as follows : result: 1921, 1.79 % ; 1922, 1.73 % ; 1923, 1.75 % . 11,961 Number of regular teachers on the rolls during March . It has been computed that in industrial concerns tem- 3,592 Number of teachers absent during the month due porary sickness accounts for the loss between 1.28% and to illness not exceeding ten days. 2% of the scheduled working time. These rates are fairly consistent for all industries. A loss of 2% in the sched- 30% Percentage of total teaching force who were uled working time generally indicates an unusual health reported ill during the month for periods under condition due to some epidemic. The rates here quoted are ten days. based on the total number of hours absent out of the totaal 2.63 Average number of days absent per teacher. scheduled working hours. Absence due to temporary ill- 9,354 Total number of teacher-days lost during the ness is defined as absence due to illness of not over six month due to illness not exceeding ten days. months duration. 2.75% Percentage of teacher-days lost due to illness not Seven sickness surveys made by the Metropolitan Life exceeding ten days . Insurance Company and covering 519,197 white people of $97,179.30 Net amount paid for time lost during the month all ages-285,035 males and 294,162 females-revealed 10,- to illness not exceeding ten days (equals $116,- 878 persons sick and unable to work, a ratio of 1.8% . The 598.80 less the $19,416.50 deducted from teach- conclusion arrived at as a result of this survey are sum- marized as follows : ers' salaries) . $68,312.00 Amount paid to substitutes for absentees. "These persons lost, on the average, 6.9 days per year- $10,596.00 Amount paid during March for the serious ill- 6.8 for males, 6.9 for females, based on a 300-day year. ness in excess of two weeks . "If these rates hold true for the total industrial popula- The April and May payrolls reveal an even higher per- tion of the country, it may be said that, broadly speaking centage of absences due to illness than that disclosed by the over two and one-half per cent ( 2.5 % ) of American wage- March rolls . An examination of the payrolls for a school earners are constantly so sick as to be incapacitated for the year discloses the fact some schools have a consistently ordinary pursuits of life. large number of absent teachers and that other schools "Of those who were sick at any one time, at least four- have a comparatively striking consistent record of good at- fifths were so sick as to be disabled for work . tendance on the part of teachers. This would appear to in- "The main causes of illness were in all localities the dicate that attendance can be controlled where the principal same, viz . , external violence, rheumatism, influenza, and exercises close supervision over his staff, and maintains an other epidemic diseases. " attitude of disapproval towards habitual absentees. That this abnormally high percentage of total time lost The rate of absence in the board's teaching force in the is probably due in a considerable measure to abuse of the month of March for periods of illness less than 10 days is absence privilege for a period not exceeding 10 days is about 2.75 per cent ( arrived at by dividing the number of supported by numerous examples which could be cited. days lost for these short periods by the total number of For example, a teacher paid for two weeks' illness was teaching days in the month) . The average loss of time due long afterwards reported as having been married on a to prolonged illness that the board pays for in part (in ex- date within the period she was recorded as being absent cess of the substitute's salary) is about 60 per cent, a total due to illness. There is also a very general belief that of 3.35 per cent for illnesses of all kinds. If this rate were absence due to illness within a ten week period is absurd. extended through a 300 day year it would mean a loss of Teachers on illness leave of absence found it possible to at- about ten days for each teacher as against an average for tend to their personal business affairs and proceed on long the whole female working population that has been esti- travels in apparently good health. mated to be 6.9 days in a 300 day year. In other words, the rate of illness absence for school teachers is about 43 No medical certificate or even personal certificate are required from applicants for leave of absence due to ill- per cent higher than the average for all classes, if the sta- ness . Advice of leaves of absences are not forwarded tistics quoted can be considered reliable. Considering the promptly to the payroll division and the payroll audit five- day week, two month vacation, and the short hours it division by the superintendent's office. Cases were noted seems to point to over-statement of the number of ab- where the advices or leaves of absence reached the auditor sences due to illness rather than to a greater prevalence three or six weeks after the leaves had been granted. Some of bad health . such advices carried scores of names. Allowances for Absences-Recommendations : The According to the rules of the board, the superintendent enormous time and monetary losses sustained by the edu- has authority to place on the unassigned list teachers who cational system due to absences which are believed to be remain absent without leave of a period in excess of two in part unnecessary, render the question of attendance con- weeks. Teachers on the unassigned list are not entitled trol one of the most important of the present study. It to pay. The payroll and payroll audit division, however, has been pointed out above that temporary absences classi- are not notified promptly when teachers are thus placed on fied as illness for a period not exceeding two weeks is the unassigned list with the result that teachers are often the cause of an abnormally high absence rate. At first paid when they are not entitled to pay.* sight it would appear that this high rate of absence is due to the fact that the deductions for absence during tem- *For example, a teacher in an elementary school was re- porary illness are too low in relation to the salary rates ported under date of March 11, 1925, as being placed on the and that the absence privilege is abused because the small unassigned list as of December 8, 1924-approximately three losses in salaries are not felt by those who choose to absent MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 71 themselves. This is undoubtedly one of the reasons but it The name of the teachers is not believed to be the only or even the most important The schools at which employed one. An important factor is the stress that has been placed The number of days absent. L on the idea that the deductions are made as a penalty for That list to be published in the board proceedings . D absence and the suppression of the fact that teachers dur- (g) That a monthly statement be submitted to the ing temporary illnesses are handsomely paid, with the board in connection with the above list showing the total apparent result that those teachers who have abused the salaries paid by the board for absences due to temporary privilege have adopted the attitude that they were paying illness for- for their absences and failed to realize that they were in 1. The previous month. reality obtaining and accepting money during a time when 2. The period for the beginning of the school year they were giving no service. Moreover, no personal cer- to the end of the last month . tificate and in some cases no positive statements have been In the case of extended illness of a teacher continuing required from teachers absent due to illness, and payments after an absence of two weeks, it is recommended that the of salaries less illness deductions have been made where it was not definitely known why the teachers were absent. teacher shall be paid for an additional period not to ex- The Education Department does not appear to have given ceed 10 weeks (or some other period that may seem better) at an amount equivalent to the difference in his or her much, if any, concentrated attention to attendance control salary and the salary for a substitute for the same period ; and the high rate of teachers absences as disclosed by the that in such cases a personal certificate or a medical cer- payrolls has not been officially brought to the attention of tificate in lieu thereof, if a physician is employed, shall be the superintendent. Regular attendance on the part of forwarded before the close of each pay period to the super- teachers does not appear to be considered in connection intendent through the principal of the school at which the with efficiency ratings which in any case, under the present teacher is regularly employed ; that after approval by the system of automatic salary increase without relation to superintendent such certificate shall be forwarded promptly merit, are of very little concern to a large number of to the payroll and payroll audit division and shall consti- teachers. It is not believed that the remedy for the abuse of the tute sufficient authority for the payment of salary as above absence privilege lies solely in increasing the salary de- provided. ductions. Generally speaking, a large deduction may to a Absences for causes other than illness as has already certain extent give encouragement to the view that the ab- been stated, are practically negligible. If, however, a policy sence is paid for and that the employe's moral obligation to of strict attendance control is decided upon it is not in- コ his employer is discharged. Then too, the conscientious conceivable that absences reported for reasons other than employe with an excellent attendance record is, in the event illness will materially increase. It is, therefore, considered of real illness, penalized just the same as the shirker, which advisable that fractional day leaves with pay should be is most unfair. It is believed that some form of control, provided for in order that employes may attend to im- in addition to larger salary deductions, is required and the portant personal affairs . All absences should as far as following measures are recommended : That Article 8, possible be accounted for by leaves of absence and absences Section 5, of the board's rule be amended to provide : without leave should be regarded as serious offenses. It is therefore recommended that Article 8, Section 5 , of the (a) That salary deductions in case of temporary ill- board rules be further amended to provide : ness shall be as per the following schedule : (a) That no teacher shall be absent from duty for any Annual Equivalent Amt. of cause other than illness, without leave of absence. Salary Day Rate Daily Per Cent (b) That principals be empowered to grant fractional (200days) (Maximum) Deduction Deduction day leaves to enable teachers to attend to important per- Up to $1450 Up to $ 7.25 $3 Down to 41.4 sonal affairs. Such leaves shall also be recorded on the $1451 to 1950 $ 7.25 to 9.75 4 55.2 to 41.0 efficiency reports. ( Doubtful. ) 1951 to 2450 1.75 to 12.25 5 51.3 to 40.8 2451 to 2950 12.25 to 14.75 6 48.9 to 40.7 2951 to 3450 14.75 to 17.25 7 47.5 to 40.6 Legislature Passed These 3451 to 3950 17.25 to 19.75 8 46.3 to 40.5 The following bills were passed by the Legislature : 3951 and up 19.75 and up 9 45.6 & down 1. House Bill 521 providing for the compulsory (b) That all teachers who are absent from duty on ac- retirement of teachers, principals, district superin- count of illness be required to furnish personal certificates tendents and members of the Board of Examiners on a form prescribed by the superintendent and approved by the board, such certificates to state the cause of illness, at the age of 70-beginning next September, how- whether or not confined to their homes, and whether or not ever, with those at 75 and following the next year the physician was employed, and contain an application for with those at 74, etc. An annuity of $1,500 besides illness pay for the number of days of absence. (c) That a teacher or principal who fails to furnish the pension is provided. such a certificate shall forfeit his or her salary for the 2. House Bill 638 providing that non-contribu- period of absence attributed to illness, the absence to be re- tors to the Pension Fund may become contributors corded and treated as absence without leave. on the same terms as contributors, provided they (d) That there shall be maintained at each school a per- make these contributions prior to July 1, 1928 . manent record of teachers ' absences for all cases and a record of tardiness and that a summary of each teacher's Both these bills await the signature of the Gov- absences and tardinesses be embodied in the principals ' ernor . efficiency reports to the superintendent. (e) That after a lapse of one year from September 1 , Senate Joint Resolution No. 4 was passed as 1925, teachers who are shown to be habitually absent for amended by the House. ( See the last issue of the short periods owing to temporary illness shall forfeit their Bulletin, page 56. ) This resolution must be placed salaries for the periods of absence due to illness during on the ballot in November, 1926, and must receive the next ensuing year, specifically that each school prin- a majority vote of all votes cast at that election for cipal shall at the close of the school year in June, 1926, and yearly in each June thereafter furnish the superin- members of the Legislature. tendent the names of those teachers who have been absent 20 days or more in the school year on account of tem- porary illness and that after approval by the superintendent "What have you done for Chicago this year ? " such lists shall be forwarded to the secretary and auditor was one of the questions in the Reading and and shall constitute sufficient authority for the withholding Writing Exercise sent out to Eighth Grade of salaries as above provided. classes last week by the Superintendent of (f) That during the school year there shall be submitted to the board at its second meeting in each month a list of Schools . " I peddled SOS calls to save the Cam- all teachers who were absent due to temporary illness dur- eron School from being turned into a Junior ing the previous school month and that such list show– High, " was the answer of one of the boys . 172 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN MARGARET HALEY'S Teachers Protest Charges Made by WEEKLY BULLETIN Industrial Engineers 6 (See Report on pages 69-71 .) MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher June 23, 1925 . To the Honorable the Board of Education, MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN is published weekly City of Chicago. during the year, excepting the months of July and August, Ladies and Gentlemen : and the last week of April and December, by Margaret A. The Chicago Federation of Women High School Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Three Dollars per year, One Teachers and the Chicago Teachers' Federation pro- Dollar for 3 months. Single copies, 10 Cents. test against the wholesale charge of dishonesty made LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. against the public school teachers of Chicago and ALL CONTRIBUTIONS, including advertisements, must be received by Tuesday evening to insure insertion in the current reiterated in the public press during the last week issue. based on a report made by a firm of industrial en- ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made pay- gineers employed by the Board of Education . able to the order of MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American These newspaper articles are the first and only information concerning this report available to date Bond and Mortgage Building, 127 N. Dearborn St. , to the teaching body whose integrity and honesty Chicago have been publicly assailed. Coming as this report Phone Central 3904 does at the close of a school year of unprecedented hardships for teachers, including a "Flu" epidemic, this report is not only unjust and unfair to the teach- La Follette Gone ing force of Chicago, but an injury to the school children in undermining their confidence in the in- In the death of Senator Robert M. La Follette tegrity of their teachers. the common people lost their feared and fearless On behalf of the teaching force we respectfully leader, who, through ill repute and good, fought request opportunity for a full, fair hearing before on and on for their political and economic free- the proper committee of the Board before action is dom. taken by the Board on this report. Senator La Follette understood and sym- THE CHICAGO FEDERATION OF WOMEN HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS . pathized with the fight of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation against the "factoryizing" of the ( Signed) Florence C. Hanson, President. schools . THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION . The Federation sent a delegation to the special ( Signed) Mary M. Abbe, President. funeral train as it passed through 'Chicago and placed thereon a tribute of affection. Six Thousand Members To lift high and carry forward the banner which La Follette has laid down this is the duty of the The Chicago Teachers' Federation announces the hour. largest paid up membership in its history, as the fol- lowing letter shows : CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION The teachers will be interested in the following Office 1335, 127 N. Dearborn Street excerpt from the Herald and Examiner of June 22 Chicago taken from the article describing the funeral of Sen- ator La Follette in Madison : Telephone Central 3904 June 3, 1925 . TEACHERS ' TRIBUTE SELECTED . To the Correspondent : Wagon loads of floral tributes had been re- You are to be congratulated upon your splendid ceived at the Capitol during the night and all through the forenoon. In such a profusion of work as correspondent which has resulted in the offerings only two could be selected to rest largest paid up membership the Chicago Teachers' against the casket. Federation has ever had. Final choice fell to the large basket of roses , lilies The teachers of the city are to be congratulated and gladiolas sent by the Chicago Teachers ' Fed- upon their confidence in the power of solidarity as eration, which was placed at the head, and the magnificent wreath that bore the card of Presi- evidenced by the increased membership in the Chi- dent Calles of the Republic of Mexico, which was cago Teachers' Federation. banked against the foot of the catafalque. If there are any members in your school who have Banked almost ceiling high in the corridors not paid dues for the current year, they will receive were floral tributes, the donors of which represent a personal notification of that fact from the office all sections of the country and all classes . of the Federation about June 10th . There were modest little handfuls of home- grown flowers, such as old fashioned pinks and Thanking you in the name of the Board of Man- little yellow roses that came from some child's agers and wishing to you and all of the teachers a garden, and there were loads of great wreaths pleasant and restful vacation, I am and floral designs of rare beauty . Yours for the teachers' cause, The Chicago Daily Journal carried a similar ref- NORA M. O'CONNOR, erence. Organizer. MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 73 Kind Words し "I am so glad you are keeping up the good work. Many are the letters and "kind words" that have I read the Bulletin with intense interest, then send it on to convert a 'dour Scotchman,' if such can be poured into the office during the past three months converted." since we began issuing the Bulletin. A few of the * * remarks are quoted below : "It has long been my belief that the classroom teachers should be heard through the printed page." "I truly applaud the Federation in its opposition * * * to an increase in the tax rate." * * * "Your Bulletin is both interesting and valuable to me. Although, of course, you do enjoy ' soaking' "Your Bulletin is a wonderful opportunity for the principals, I don't mind it because much of it is freedom of expression." deserved and because much of it ( I claim) doesn't * * * mean me." * * * "I am a member of the High School Women's Federation and wish to know the truth about school "Long may it wave." " More power to your el- affairs ." bow. " "Please send all previous Bulletins. More * * * power to your pen." "Wishing the Bulletin long "Your Bulletin is certainly appreciated by those continued success." "Wishing you all success with of us who need to know just the information you your paper and your work. " " The paper is just are giving. " * 'dandy' and easy reading." * * * * * "A copy of your Bulletin came to me this morn- From Superintendent N. M. Mason, of Oglesby : ing and before I lay it down I want to become a "Am in receipt of your Bulletin, ' Platoon Number,' subscriber. " and am very much interested in its contents . Please * * * place me on the mailing list of this unique little pa- "It is certainly worth while to have that informa- per as I am very much interested in your efforts in tion in concise form to which it can be referred . " behalf of the school children of Chicago. " * * * * * * " I for one would rather go without the proposed Judge Philip L. Sullivan : “ I received a copy of increase in salary than get it the way suggested. your Bulletin and enjoyed it very much." * * * You have got the goods. Keep up the fight. " * * Alice Stone Blackwell writes from Boston : En- "I always feel like a newly charged battery after closed find $3.00 to subscribe for your Weekly a Federation meeting. With the Bulletin at hand I Bulletin . More power to you ! feel like a perfect Niagara-ready to charge the community." Salary Schedule Deferred * * * Action on the salary schedule by the Finance From New York : “Am greatly interested in all Committee of the Board of Education was deferred you are doing and hope you will come out ahead in at the meeting held June 23. everything. Wish I were nearer Chicago so that I could attend the meetings." "Please excuse Jennie. She had to tend the * * * baby while I went down to the Board of Edu- "Your Bulletin is great. We have been reading ‫وو‬ cation to try to save the Cameron School from it. My husband is a staunch supporter of yours. being changed to a Junior High." SUBSCRIPTION to Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin Name ........ Address ........ (Street and Number) .... City Subscription price $3.00 per year, $ 1.00 for three months . MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. 74 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN Association of Commerce Representatives Visit Schools Superintendent of Schools Extends Invitation BOARD OF EDUCATION BOARD OF EDUCATION CITY OF CHICAGO CITY OF CHICAGO EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING 460 SOUTH STATE STREET 460 SOUTH STATE STREET TelephoneWabash 9210 Telephone Wabash 9210 June 15, 1925. June 11, 1925. To the Principal. SUBJECT : CUSTOMERS ' ESTIMATE OF SERVICE. Dear Sir-Madam : Mr. W. R. Dawes, The bearer is one of ten citizens who have selected at Association of Commerce. random, each a public school for a short visit. A citizen's Dear Sir: personal acquaintance with the work of a public school in No organization has shown a more lively interest in 1925 ought to be of advantage to the school system and schools or a greater desire to be of practical assistance than to the city. Your courtesy is requested to the extent of your association . assisting the visitor to become acquainted with the work- On June 26, when the schools close, I have to make an of your school, its teaching, its patrol service, its fire annual report on their condition. I have the usual sum- drills, etc. maries from our field workers, and district superintendents. Thank you. I have some encouraging letters from citizens but it is William McAndrew. subject to the charge of being "King Canute stuff." If you Ε.Ζ.Β. want to know about the service of a restaurant, the opinion of the manager and waiters is subject to large discount. You want the judgment of the customer. Maybe you could get five or ten men each to visit a school ASSOCIATION of COMMERCE selected at random to spend an hour in it and to report CHICAGO , ILLINOIS upon : 1. Buildings and grounds, cleanliness and neatness , lit- June 15, 1925 . ter on floors , provision of principal for good house- Dear Mr. keeping. The enclosed copies of letters are self- explanatory. 2. Accuracy of children in the operation of arithmetic. I am asking ten men, including yourself, in different 3. Handwriting, legibility, beauty. sections of the city to each visit an elementary school of 4. Ability to understand ordinary reading matter. their own selection in their own vicinity and make a re- 5. Attention to spelling.. port as suggested by Superintendent McAndrew. 6. Whether the usage of good business organization in Will you accept this assignment and let me have your providing adequate conferences of manager with report this week ? the working staff is observed by the principal in his Very sincerely yours , management of the school. ( Signed) W. R. DAWES, 7. Whether he has an adequate practice of planning President, Association of Commerce. work and of follow-up . 8. Whether the fire drill is efficient . Can't Be Done in An Hour 9. His schoolboy-patrol service. One of the members of the Association of Com- 10. The school's community and neighborhood service, civic co-operation, clean-up-week, etc. merce who had been requested to perform the task outlined in the above letter made this statement : 11. Other features suggested by the visitor or by the principal. "Mr. McAndrew, you will note, thinks it can be These are things that an ordinary citizen can appraise. done in an hour. With due respect to Mr. McAn- The visits will be of greater value the sooner they are drew's judgment, I must disagree. I feel that what could be learned in an hour would be of little value made, while the schools are following the every day course. I enclose letters intended to facilitate the visitor getting and in no way fair to the principal or his school. " quickly at what he wants to see. He can easily jot down memoranda while he is on the To Subscribers premises and can dictate his full report when he returns It is very important that your names be on the to his office. It should be sent to the office of the secretary mailing list correctly. If you do not receive your of the Association of Commerce who can make such a Bulletin regularly please notify the office by postal summary for the Association as he chooses. The reports card. Notify, by postal, change of address . The should then be sent to me for use in preserving and improv- next issue will appear in September. ing the efficiency of the school. ( Signed) Wm. McAndrew . Did you hear that some schools are being Enclos-letter . "marked" 99 38/100 ? MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 75 Teachers Hear "Suppressed" Platoon Report District Supt. J. J. Zmrhal Addresses Federation From Stenographic Report-June 23 , 1925 Stenographic Report of Special Meeting of the sult of this that I was made chairman of a com- Chicago Teachers' Federation, Held in Com- mittee of principals, consisting of Miss Melody, mandery Hall, Capitol Building, on Tuesday, Miss Madden, Miss Corrigan and Mr. Hauch, whose June 23, 1925, at 4:15 O'Clock P. M. instructions were to inspect the schools in Detroit, The meeting was called to order by the Presi- Akron and Pittsburgh with a view to the introduc- dent, Miss Mary M. Abbe, who presided. tion of some form of school organization here which * will specialize the music, drawing, handwork and The President : It has happened before, but it library in charge of special teachers , and adopt more does not happen often that we have a member of or less all the features of the so-called work, study, the Superintendent's advisors and helpers to come play or duplicate or platoon plan of school organiza- over and talk to us, and I am sure we shall enjoy tion. That is the language of the last paragraph. this as rather a treat, and I take pleasure in intro- Obedience to the Board of Education, whose pol- ducing to you Mr. J. J. Zmrhal, District Superin- icy as an administrative officer I am in duty bound tendent of Schools of the city of Chicago. Mr. to carry out, and in a feeling of loyalty to the Su- Zmrhal. perintendent of Schools, who is entitled to whole- Mr. Zmrhal : Ladies—— hearted co-operation from all his assistants, led me to accept the chairmanship of the committee with a The President : I might say that Mr. Zmrhal resolution to approach the problem with an open was a member of the last committee sent out-shall I mind and the desire to justify by my service the say to investigate ?-I don't know just what they recognition accorded me. did-they went out to look over the platoon school systems in the country . That may sound strange to you. Maybe you are disappointed already. Mr. Zmrhal : We were to fasten them on Chi- cago. Commission on How to Introduce Platoon The President : He went out to attach them to It may be well to reiterate that the special task Chicago. ( Laughter . ) outlined for the Committee by the Superintendent's Mr. Zmrhal : I am in a sense like Saul, who letter of instructions was to learn from observation went to Damascus , I wanted to see the things just of existing platoon schools in other cities how to in- as they were, those famous platoon schools , and I troduce more effectively in Chicago certain of their thought there must be a lot of good in them since features , namely, the specialization of music, as if so much noise was being made about them in Chi- it were new in Chicago, library, as if that were cago . new, and hand work in charge of special teachers . It was not to pass on the merits or demerits of the Why Appointed on Platoon Commission platoon system. I suppose when I get through you I went there with open eyes and with an open will say I was a very poor servant. Maybe I was . mind to see really if I would be able to find some- In accordance with the final instructions given,— thing there that might be helpful to Chicago, and I that was on December 8, 1924, the work was di- asked to be permitted to visit other cities because vided among the several members of the committee it was announced in a meeting that we district su- as follows : perintendents were to assist in introducing the pla- Organization of the lower grade work with refer- toon system in the city of Chicago, and I repeat it, ence to the daily assembly, library, play and so on I went there with an open mind, and what you was given to Miss Melody. going to hear thi safternoon is the result of the visit. Organization of the upper grade work with refer- I may have changed my mind about a good many ence to the daily assembly, library, play and so on , things about the platoon school, but you are to be the to Miss Madden. judges. Intensive study of the auditorium work to Miss On July 9, 1924, the Board of Education adopted Corrigan, and the intensive study of the gymnasium a plan to introduce gradually the so-called platoon and playground activities to Mr. Hauch. plan of organization. On September 22nd of the All that remained for me to do was to summarize same year Mr. William A. McAndrew, Superin- and comment on the plan as a whole and to set forth tendent of Schools, announced in a meeting that the some suggestions as to its introduction here . district superintendents were to assist in organizing It is hardly necessary to add that I believed then this new type of school in Chicago. and I believe now that carefully observed and stated To acquit myself of this task I volunteered to facts should lie at the basis of every statement, and visit at my own expense the schools suggested by the thought of personal consequences should be the Superintendent as being the best existing types eliminated if the report is to have any value at all. of platoon organization. It was probably as the re- (Applause.) 76 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN We were therefore in a sense an instructed dele- ied very carefully the reports of the gentlemen in gation and trusted with a definite task, that of as- charge of platoon schools that this is true, but these sisting the Board of Education to introduce the are their own figures, so it must be true. Their platoon system . music room is not used but 80 per cent ; art room, I suppose most of you would say I was up against 86.6 ; library, 70 per cent ; manual arts , 66.6. They it. I didn't realize it maybe then as much as I re- use them 100 per cent in Chicago so far as I can see alize it now. (Laughter.) in any school of this size, and play, 90 per cent. In this brief report I shall try to give you a plain Economy Dream of Hard-Boiled Business Men statement of my experiences without trying to make a case either for or against the platoon schools . Draw I am willing to grant that the claim made by the your own conclusions after you have heard what I platoon enthusiasts on the efficient use of the build- have to say. I promise you I shall make an honest ing is justified. Taken by itself, apart from other features of the platoon organization it is something presentation, come what will. Some of my friends which is desirable. You want to use the buildings tell me something will come, I don't know. ( Laugh- to their fullest capacity. It is this which impresses ter.) I have arranged my brief report in this way. I visitors so favorably, and the chief argument for the system. Boards of education, superintendents, am going to report on the building, physical equip- business men are all swept off their feet when shown ment and its use as we have seen it ; on the member- that maximum use is made of every inch of avail- ship, and I shall compare it with Chicago member- able space. It spells,economy, efficiency, and other ships , and the extended day ; on the educational ad- words sweet to the ear of the hard-boiled business vantages claimed, on the educational advantages as man. (Applause.) we saw them, and next on the educational disad- And yet it seems to me that the economy dream vantages. You may judge yourselves if there are would disappear to a great extent if the same en- any or not, and then on the results as compared to thusiasts studied the membership figures and com- those traditional schools of the cities visited, and pared them to membership figures, for example, in results as compared to those of our Chicago schools ; such a city as Chicago . then the effect on the pupils, and then I shall touch on the recommendation made to the Board of Edu- In Detroit the largest membership per teacher is forty, 4-0. cation by myself, and a word in concluding my re- marks. I want to be clear on it. Well, we found schools with memberships as low as thirty-five, 3-5 . That Building Equipment Impressive is the Vandyke School. I have the names, I want Now, ladies and gentlemen, don't be afraid ; it is to be definite. I asked every principal, and looked not going to be such a long paper as it looks . I shall in their summary sheets and found these figures ; be brief because this is a warm afternoon, and I will some are taken from the annual reports . desist any time you say so. If you feel I ought to In the Cooper School the average membership is stop, just say so , because we are all friends this 38.9, and in the Holmes School, 36. afternoon, anyhow. (Applause. ) In Akron, the platoon schools are run with mem- Now then, first, the building equipment. I must berships as low as that in Detroit, even lower. admit that the committee was greatly impressed with In Pittsburgh the membership is some higher, but i the equipment, usefulness, practicability and beauty considerably below Chicago average, namely, 41.5. of the typical platoon buildings in Detroit and Ak- Building Economies Offset by Other Costs ron. The libraries especially appealed to some of our members, and Miss Melody said in her reports. It would seem, therefore, that any economic ad- "They were like little corners of Paradise. " Almost vantage arising from the full use of the buildings as much can be said of the science rooms, with their is more than offset by the necessity of increasing the conservatories, plants, flowers and their equipment. number of teachers. Perhaps you have heard in It is impossible not to be enthusiastic about school Chicago they are trying some system, some experi- plants like the Pattengill, Cooper, Ferry and Duffield ment where they eliminate even teachers. I don't in Detroit, or the King in Akron, and there cer- know anything about how they can do it (laughter) , tainly is no reason why these features should not be it is a mystery to me. I don't know how much good adopted in Chicago . comes out of it to the pupils, but that is my next paragraph . The almost 100 per cent use of the buildings and equipment is the most alluring feature, and without In the cities visited these low memberships were a doubt the strongest argument in favor of the pla- thought essential to the efficient organization of pla- toon system. toon schools ; besides, it was pointed out they are not much lower than in their traditional schools. In In Detroit, which tops the list, they use the va- other words, they claim their memberships are lower rious rooms as follows this is the percentage of than ours. That is what it implies. This may be time each room is in use in a 24- Section platoon true in Detroit, Pittsburgh and Akron, and com- school : pared to Chicago memberships, and here I suppose Home rooms, twelve of them , 100 per cent. I might say it for just an average Chicagoan, mem- Auditorium, 100 per cent. berships like that are prohibitive. Now, I want to Gymnasium, 100 per cent. bring in something here that we ought not to forget, Literature, two rooms , 100 per cent. and that is in Detroit the school day is six hours, Science, two rooms, 100 per cent . in Akron five and three-quarters ; in Pittsburgh five And listen to this, I never thought until I stud- and a half ; according to the figures given us. This MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 77 is deemed necessary for a successful management given them credit for that part of their work. Now, er of the platoon school. as to the results, and I wish you would not think I The next paragraph is my opinion. You may am just merely making statements to please you, or er take it for what it is worth. In Chicago, I say, and please somebody, but it was stated in the report ee I said that in my report to the Superintendent, such and it displeased somebody, I know positively, so I an arrangement from the standpoint of the efficiency am going to read it. I have said so where I suppose in the general welfare of the schools is obviously it might have done me harm rather than good. impossible ; in the first place, the salaries of teachers Platoons Lower Efficiency would have to be increased, as there has been the Our observation revealed that the best platoon practice here in the high schools, what is good for schools visited, compared to the best conventional one is good for the other, it would be unfair to schools in Chicago were somewhat below the Chi- grant increases to high school teachers and deny it cago standard, not only in the regular but the spe- to elementary school teachers. On the other hand, cial subjects as well. (Applause. ) the increases would add 20 per cent to the cost of Now, then, that may be due to better teachers and instruction. That is, whatever economic advantage might be reaped from the full use of the buildings other causes (laughter) , but the fact remains that better results have been attained here, both in the would probably be offset by the additional teachers fundamentals and the special subjects . needed and by the expense entailed in the extended day. As a matter of fact, I remember distinctly all the members of the committee of which I was chair- Schools to Save Children Not Dollars man, how delighted they were in one of the schools that had just been converted into a platoon school in Should the platoon school system, as I observed Pittsburgh, they heard good music, but not until we it, be introduced in Chicago some close figuring will reached Pittsburgh in an old fashioned school did have to be done to show definitely whether the utili- we get good music, and we were very glad about it. zation of the buildings, which the platoon system offers as its chief advantage, would under those cir- Now, this situation at least tends to prove that cumstances result in saving, but the real test of any good work does not depend upon organization . I school, and so of the platoon schools, is not how think that the so-called experts in the universities many dollars it wili save, I may be a herotic, I and a good many superintendents are victims of this don't know, but what it will eventually do for the fallacy, that organization will perform miracles. I children. (Applause.) think we are suffering from it in Chicago today. (Applause.) It is a worn out platitude to say that the schools exist for the children; that the children and they This observation at least tends to prove that good alone are the raison d'etre are the reasons for the work does not depend upon organization ; not even existence of the school buildings, superintendents, in superior equipment, but upon other things, such boards of education, teachers, principals, and that as the morale of the teaching force, the inspirational their welfare must at all times determine our line capacities of the supervisors and the initiative and of action, and yet it is an easy thing to forget this training entering into the ability of the teachers oft repeated principle. Sometimes we do remember, themselves . ( Applause. ) and we make use of this principle in such a per- "Rotten," Says McAndrew verted way that one is tempted to exclain, “Child, Now, I am coming to a very sad job, because I what crimes are committed in thy name." (Ap- am going to use some very uncomplimentary terms plause. ) here, but I have no others to express or to describe The sponsors of the platoon schools have not for- what we have seen in the auditorium work, the gotten entirely the advantage to the children, and much advertised auditorium work, and we looked at they make certain claims which merit notice, it and studied it very carefully, and I say it is a fail- namely: ure. I am pretty well known in Chicago, and I will Claim number one : Health programs are carried stake my reputation on it. I have been questioned out better than in the traditional school . very closely by Mr. McAndrew on this very thing. Second, they claim that special subjects are taught He said, " What do you mean, don't you see any- better. thing good anywhere else but in Chicago ?" I said, "Mr. McAndrew, I will describe to you what we Third, that the cultural side receives due attention have seen, " and I did describe it, and he said, "This by the use of special rooms and special teachers in is r-o-t-t- e-n." He agreed with me, in other words. library, music, art and literature. (Applause. ) Fourth, that the scientific side is extended in spe- I would not hesitate to call such work, the work cial rooms and teachers of nature study, and in the auditorium, just as we have seen it, just what Fifth, and they make quite a fuss about this and we have seen, rotten ; maybe they do things better have written pages in their annual report on it, and when we are not there ; it is an absolute time-killer, it interested me very much, and that is, that the a makeshift, just gotten up to make use of the au- fundamentals do not suffer. ( Laughter and ap- ditorium space . plause.) I myself would not dare to tolerate such work in This is the claim. Now, let me tell you how the District Nine, of which I am the district superin- matter stands as observed through the eyes of the tendent. ( Applause. ) speaker. I have commented on the beautiful build- I have already told you that so far as music ing equipment in Detroit. We have granted that and and drawing and special subjects are concerned, they 78 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN are far below the Chicago standard. We have not that strange, when we enter the class room they say, seen any proof anywhere-maybe that is our de- 'We are just about to begin,' and when we leave, ficiency, I am perfectly willing to admit it, but we and in order to get something that is in progress, have not found anywhere any proof of the superior- they tell us, ' Well, we are about ready to leave ." ity of the platoon school in carrying out the cultural (Laughter.) side of education. I have seen better work in that I pulled out my watch and watched very closely line in Chicago. I am sorry I have to say this. It how much time is wasted before the work is started. sounds as if I were trying to say nice things to Chi- I think it is not any exaggeration to say that about cago people, but I am not. I am trying to hew close twenty-five to thirty-three per cent of the time is to the line and base my statements on facts as we lost. Five minutes at the beginning of the period have seen them, and as we have decided on them and five minutes at the close. That is not any criti- when we compared notes . cism of the teacher, I think. She has to get out the Over-Crowded and Badly Ventilated books and material, and she has to put things away , Gymnasiums so as to be ready to receive the next class. As to the health program : The member of our While it may not be an inevitable concomitant of committee in charge of this particular line of work the platoon organization, it is one which is almost reports that the gymnasiums were too crowded and impossible to eliminate where there is so much too poorly ventilated. It was, as he puts it, a bad changing. That may be a matter of opinion . thing in a room where both respiration and perspira- Now, finally, I think there is some disadvantage tion are so much in evidence as in the gymnasium. in the platoon school to the teacher. I suppose we (Laughter.) should not talk about it. (Laughter ) There are a Playgrounds were not always available and not good many people who would say that it does not efficiently used. I think I saw only one school where matter whether the teacher finds herself at a dis- they used the playground. advantage, but I prefer, and I am talking now as a Now, then, did I describe efficiently the advan- parent ; I am not talking as a school man- I tell you tages to the child of the platoon schools ? ( Laughter. ) that you are not serving the best interests of the child when you refuse to consider the interests of Now I come to the disadvantages. I don't know the teacher. ( Applause. ) The teacher's welfare whether I have described the advantages or not. and the child's welfare go hand in hand, and are one (Laughter.) Now let us talk about the disadvan- and inseparable. (Applause.) As a parent I should tages. There may not be any there, I don't know , you are to decide from what I have noted here and not want my child to be taught by a teacher who is nervous, despondent, discontented and unhappy. I which I will put before you as well as I can, wheth- would protest. (Applause. ) er those things are a disadvantage or not. Maybe they are advantages, you just make your own con- Spiritual and Cultural Guidance Lacking clusions. I would much rather that he learn less arith- Now, I may he old fashioned, but I do not believe metic and less reading and have more real spiritual, that departmental system is always and everywhere cultural guidance from the teacher. (Applause. ) an advantage. (Applause.) If he has before him a personality that is good for Most of us have heard this worn out phrase, that the development of his character, I think that would in our high schools they teach subjects and not be much better. I have an advantage in having four pupils. I am a father and a second member of my children. I have been watching them and I have family is graduating the 23rd of June, that is the made my own home a laboratory , and I have watched day after tomorrow, and I would say that complaint them, and I repeat, do anything you please with is well founded. your schools , but give me a happy, contented, in- Children Lost in Shuffle spired teacher for my child. (Applause. ) Now the teachers in those cities we visited did not In other words, even in high schools where we need specialists, where the technical side of teaching, complain, except in a few instances here and there. -and really the technical knowledge is exceedingly They did not say much. They were loyal. They were honorable, and it is to their credit that they necessary it is absolutely necessary to have spe- did not tell the strangers anything ; but in some in- cialists, and this problem of impersonal teaching, teaching the subject is a great difficulty ; I think it stances they did. One teacher asked me directly, is a difficulty even in college. "How are conditions in Chicago ? I would like to come to Chicago. " ( Laughter. ) I said, "Well, Now, then, I think it is a disadvantage in an ele- don't you see that we are trying to introduce these mentary school to have this impersonal way of teach- platoons ? " She said, " But you have so many schools ing children carried down to as far as the first it will take a long time. " ( Laughter. ) That was a grade. (Applause. ) special teacher, too. One confided to one of the In watching the working of the elaborate program members of our commission, because she knew that of the platoon schools, I was unable to shake the particular member of our commission , and said, impression that the organization is uppermost in the "Well, of course, we do not want to be disloyal, but minds of the teachers, the principals and all that really I would prefer the old school." That is as came to the school ; that teaching of the subjects is much as we got . next, and that the child is lost in the shuffle. (Ap- I can see that it is a disadvantage to a teacher in plause.) the elementary school to have so many sets of chil- Another disadvantage is. loss of time. In Detroit dren and to have this monotonous work ; nothing in- they have half hour periods. When we compared spirational, some of them just having, for example, notes, members of the committee said, "Now, isn't multiplication tables, and that sort of thing ; and the MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN 79 PS Part strain of changing and getting acquainted with new to do his best. (Applause. ) Taylorism, its critics people; and I really think that the teachers felt that say, recognizes only force and matter; it is too ma- if they could speak they would probably say, “ Well, terialistic. If it is too materialistic for a foundry, it is a hardship." So much for that. for a machine shop, which deals with matter, pro- Now I suppose you would like to know what we duces material things, deals in material values, how said to the Board of Education. ( Cries of " Sure," can it succeed in the school where we deal chiefly and applause.) in spiritual values, which cannot be weighed on the Who was it that said that fools and children speak scales or measured by the yard stick ? (Applause.) the truth ? I am not a child, so I must be the other. Platoon System on the Wane ↓ (Laughter.) Personally I believe that the platoon school has Now this is taken word for word from the report. waned like Taylorism itself, has reached its crest It is quoted : and is subsiding. (Applause.) Advises Against Platoon Educators who do not believe in it are growing in number constantly. We have found some on our "Whatever advantages have been reaped from the list. I should be very sorry if Chicago plunged into platoon organization in the cities visited, and we are something which soon will be out of style, will be willing to grant all that is claimed for it in Detroit , old, stale and unprofitable. ( Laughter and ap- in Akron and in Pittsburgh, I am not convinced plause.) that its adoption here would be an advantage." I am reminded of the beautiful verse in In Memo- That is part of the report. rium, by Tennyson : “ Our little systems have their "In order to report conscientiously I am com- • day ; they have their day and cease to be." pelled to advise against its adoption because we are This will probably cease to be. ( Laughter and enjoying here in Chicago, in many of our schools, applause. ) the advantages for which the platoon system in the I hope the day will come when we shall see clearly cities visited is noted." that the best supervision and the best thing we can Is that true ? ( Cries of "It is true.") do for the schools and for the children for whom the Such things as assembly hall work, hand work, schools are erected, is to create the desire on the music, arts and sciences. True, they do not exist part of every member of the teaching force to do in all the schools, but I think the exceptions are his or her best, when we are able to inspire them to very few ; and neither do we find them in all the realize the immensity of the work of the teacher schools of Detroit, Akron and Pittsburgh. It is a and the blessedness of having accomplished it. ( Long matter of growth there as it is a matter of growth and continued applause.) here. (Subheads added to stenographic report by Just a few detailed suggestions as to how to have editor. ) the libraries and so on, and then I say : Advises Against Force and Coercion. Cameron School Protest "Whatever the Board of Education decides to do I would advise most urgently against force, against (Continued from page 68.) rooms can be accommodated in the Cameron if coercion of any kind." it is converted than are now accommodated . That I did not copy that paragraph, but I am going to will provide for the congestion that exists now give it to you. It is suggested, since the Board of in the Ryerson and in the Lowell . Education does want to experiment, oh, yes, I said not to have half measures, not to have any half If there is any question that I can answer I measures . They are worse than the whole thing, should be very glad to entertain it. every time. I said, "If you want to present it to the Mr. Nusser : I should like to ask a question. Chicago teachers , choose one school, erect one build- Is it not a fact, after you get through with your ing, ask for volunteers, and let the thing, if it is program as you had it, the children from the such a splendid thing, sell itself to the people of kindergarten— Chicago." Mr. Gonnelly : The kindergarten, first, second, Platoon Came Out of Gary third and fourth . Now in conclusion . I am therefore on record as Mr. Nusser : After you make use of the advising against its adoption. I have been for these Junior High, that those children will probably six months, maybe that is the reason there were be there one or two years and be eliminated and sent to other schools . not any headlines in the papers about the findings of this commission. ( Laughter. ) Mr. Gonnelly : These people will go on . I honestly believe that we might have escaped Mr. Nusser : That is the reason, the minute some difficulties had we followed this recommenda- you turn that into a Junior High School, the tion. Am I too egotistic ? ( Cries of " No, no .” ) Board will eliminate those and send them over. Now in conclusion I want to say that the platoon * school idea originated in Gary, Indiana. It is an application of Taylorism to school management . Mr. Nusser : That is what I want to know, (Applause. ) I understand that Taylorism failed be- the first thing. cause it lost sight of human nature, human soul ; Mr. Coath : Have you any assurance of the lost sight of the truth; that the best help to effi- Educational Department that it will go on record, ciency is creating a desire on the part of the worker in the absence of the Superintendent in letting 80 MARGARET HALEY'S WEEKLY BULLETIN these people go away from here today feeling a mothers' pension and do you think it is fair that they will have confidence in those policies ? to send two children to one school and two chil- I am simply trying to get this over for the alder- dren to another school, tie me down in that way. man . Maybe one will go one hour, maybe another will Mr. Gonnelly: In answer to the question of go the next hour. I think all the mothers feel Mr. Coath, Mr. Bogan and I do not presume to be the same as I do, that we have got a good school double- crossers. We try to meet the condition and have got a good principal and good teachers that these people set forth at their mass meeting. and I think we ought to be left the way we stand. - I went out there, it was a tremendously hot ev- The Chairman : What is the pleasure of the ening, from the South Shore, traveled about committee ? twenty- five miles to get there, listened to their Mr. Greenebaum : I move concurrence . complaints and I reported to Mr. Bogan the The Chairman : Moved and seconded that we next morning and we went over the ground . We concur as amended, to the foregoing . 1 went to the Ryerson, we went to the Lowell and Mr. Coath : What is the motion ? to the Nobel and to the Stowe and to the Cam- The Chairman : Move to concur in the eron, we went over there to look at the situation and this is the best result of all, the best judg- amended recommendation of the Superintendent. Mr. Coath : Move to concur in the recom- ment that we can offer. This is merely a recom- mendation ? mendation to the Board of Education, I mean to this Committee and you are asking me to tell The Chairman : As amended . what will happen in the future. I cannot answer Mr. Coath : What do I understand by that ? I for one year or two years from now. understand that the Educational Department has Mr. Nusser : Did you get the impression that simply give up to these families here at the Cam- the mothers and the fathers at the Cameron eron School and are meeting them, to use slang, School that night of the protest meeting, that on a fifty-fifty basis . In other words, the smaller they would be satisfied with the program that children, the first grade, second, third and fourth you had planned out ? grade will continue to go to the Cameron- Mr. Gonnelly : I thought, Alderman Nusser, Mr. Gonnelly: And the kindergarten . * * * that you people would be satisfied with this program . The Chairman : Call the roll. Roll call resulted as follows : Mr. Nusser : You have absolutely the wrong impression. There is not a mother at the pres- Mrs. Gregg : Aye. ent time and there was not a mother and father Mr. Greenebaum : Aye. that was satisfied except to leave the school as it Mr. Coath : I am going to vote yes . is . ( Applause.) Mrs. Wegner : ( Shouting something that the A Woman : I have three children going to the reporter could not get) . school . When these children grow up and are taken out of the Cameron School I , of course, The Chairman: Are there any members of the Kelvyn Park district present ? will have to go away from the Cameron School . What am I to do , send two children to one The Secretary : No. 5 in communication school and one child to a different school ? That D- 11687, protest against changing the Kelvyn is all that I could do. Park School to a Junior High School. Mr. Nusser : May I make one suggestion re- The Chairman : Is there any representative garding sending the children to the kindergarten from Kelvyn Park District ? and that is , who takes those little children that Miss Haley : There are people here from the go to the kindergarten school, who takes them Cameron District who want to speak from the there ? Nobody but the older sisters and broth- floor. ers , you will generally find that where there are The Chairman : From the Kelvyn Park two or three children, that is the way of it . The School ? ( No response.) No representative of little children go to the kindergarten, go to the Kelvyn Park ? ( Confusion. ) first and second grade, that is absolutely the The Secretary : From the Kelvyn Park Com- reason we get these children: they have older munity center to the Honorable Board of Educa- brothers and sisters to take them to the kinder- tion, submit the following resolution. (Commenc- garten and start them off. So if you take that ing to read, but reading rendered inaudible by school away, turn it into a Junior High School voices from the audience.) you will have those little babies going to this I am not going to send my chil- one Junior High School and who is going to take A Woman : dren to this school. care of them ? The Chairman : ( Rapping for order) . Mr. Gonnelly : There are pupils from the Mrs. Gregg : Madam Chairman, I move- kindergarten to the fourth grade . A Woman : I have four children, one five and Mr. Nusser : The fourth grade children have one six years old and they have to cross car enough to do to take care of themselves. (Applause tracks . We want a school right there. ( Con- from the audience.) fusion.) A Woman : I have four children attending the (The Chairman and Secretary left their desk Cameron, one going into seventh grade, one into and the meeting broke up in disorder. No ad- second and two going into the fifth . I draw journment.) U. S. POSTAGE 11 / 2c. PAID CHICAGO , ILLINOIS R Se23 '25 Go J.S.P. Ind. PERMIT No. 3663 fe ho he VOL . NO . III MargaretHaley's I 00 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 Sept. 18, 1925 THE DIGNITY OF LABOR A Labor Day Idyll By Victor A. Olander, Secretary-Treasurer , Illinois State Federation of Labor THE Dignity of Labor is a wonderful blossom which flowers only on the thorny stem of willing effort, rooted deep in the knowledge of Life. It is the essential joy of existence, for it is the consciousness of achievement . At its coming the barriers between artisan and artist vanish as the mists of the night before the rays of the morning sun. Inspiration, that heavenly messenger at whose touch man works marvels, then reaches out with lavish hand, and Labor stands forth a shining creature, resplendent in the realization of his being as the image and likeness of the Creator. 31 00 Page 2 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 Promotional Credits at CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President A Conservatory Pledged to the Highest Artistic Standard FALL TERM NOW OPEN Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago Public School Teachers , leading to Promotional Credits in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orchestral Instruments . Tuition- Private Lessons-Piano $ 1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $ 1.50 to $ 15.00 per lesson . Students completing 40 private lesson periods earn 1 credit-20 lessons 12 credit CARL D. 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WHOM TO CONSULT There are many children under your care whose For the correction of any trouble with the eyes, parents do not realize or appreciate that their you should inquire for an eye, ear, nose and children's eyes need attention and do not realize throat specialist, who has had medical training, the type of professional care required. This is such training is essential to prescribe for poor just another added burden on the teaching vision or to know what procedure to take when profession . treatment is needed other than glasses . We specialize and limit our service to filling oculist's prescriptions for Glasses of Quality UHLEMANN OPTICAL COMPANY Established 1907 Stroh Bldg., Home Office Mallers Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Chicago, Illinois Chicago, Ill. Sept. 18, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 3 Teachers Get Inside Story of School Funds and Status of Proposed Schedule Vote Appreciation of Far- Seeing Board Which Looks Before it Leaps (From Stenographic Report of Mass Meeting Held Sept. 11 , Studebaker Theater) The mass meeting of teachers called by the Chicago if the teachers can talk about this new plan installed Teachers ' Federation and held in the Studebaker this week. I will answer for the teachers and say yes, Theatre on September 11 , 1925 , by unanimous vote they can all talk, but I think we would spoil our suppers expressed its appreciation of the action of the Board if we began to scold. Really I don't think it is a good of Education in re-referring the Proposed Salary Sched- idea until we hear these men, because we wouldn't listen ule to the Finance Committee on May 22 and keeping to them if we started. (Laughter. ) it in that committee, thus affording opportunity for full A VOICE : What are we going to do about it ? consideration of the situation. THE PRESIDENT : Sign up . Make it just as A motion was also unanimously adopted approving bad as you can by telling the truth, putting it down right the protest against the wholesale attack of Griffenhagen every time. That is all I would have to say. & Associates, Ltd. , on the integrity and honesty of the I read in the paper this morning that the teachers were teachers, which protest was sent to the Board of Educa- all happy about that. Now who are happy about that ? tion by the Chicago Teachers ' Federation from its meet- Let's have a unanimous vote. All who are happy about ing of June 23. that put up your left hands. ( Laughter. ) Stenographer's Report Begins Here - Then I heard that there was a dove of peace hover- ing over the city. Now before Mr. English comes in I The meeting was called to order by the President of will say that they postponed things till October so that the Federation, Miss Mary M. Abee, who presided. this dove may still hover. ( Laughter. ) One of our THE PRESIDENT: The meeting will please teachers said today she wished somebody would shoot come to order. It is a pleasure to meet you all again. the dove. (Laughter.) Is that man putting that down ? (Applause) . And as long as you have all come back * * * * * to the shop (laughter) , and as long as we are recording our exits and our entrances, of course we are all happy. Professional Spirit Destroyed (Laughter) . There is only one thing, I hope you MISS ABBE : After all the sad part is that that will all tell the truth, ( Laughter) whether you like it or fine professional spirit has been so squeezed out of the not. ( Laughter) . teachers-I think honestly there is not much left. 1 And of course we have a lot of surprises. I read think that is the pathetic part of the whole thing it is the other day in the paper-I have been out of the city taking all our professional spirit and our happy spirit and all I know is what I read in the papers (laughter) - away from us. I have been in the office this week and I read that we have to meet a surplus. and I have not been inside of a room-I am the registra- A VOICE : Of children. tion clerk, and it says, if no clerk is there they may ask the teacher, but it would be unfair to ask a teacher THE PRESIDENT : No, a surplus of funds. We with 48 or 52 children to take care of to look after that, have to expend the surplus, and we have been thinking and I have not the heart to do it. all the time that we had a deficit. Now that deficit has If the teacher is out sick she has to swear her life turned into a surplus, so cheer up (laughter) . away, and the worst part is that the swearing is made A VOICE : The worst is yet to come. out in triplicate. It is bad enough to just do simple swearing (laughter) ; one swear is to be sent to the Object to Registration teacher, the duplicate swear is to be sent to the Secretary THE PRESIDENT : Yes, the worst is yet to of the Board of Education and the other swear is put come. I asked my principal if he would like to hear me on file in the office, and so on. I am just at my wits ' say what I said when we got our registration sheets, and end in the office to know what to do. As one of the boys said, "Our principal runs around like a wild he said, " No, please don't. " And of course he is a very pious man, and I didn't. ( Laughter) . woman. " That is just exactly what I am doing, running around like a wild woman. (Laughter.) Now please don't take this. ( Aside to the court re- * * * * * * porters) . I didn't know those fellows were there (laughter ) . Now I have the call for the meeting. Now MISS HALEY : Mr. English has expressed the I am going to be dignified all the rest of the evening. desire to wait until the others, Mr. Olander, Mr. Fitz- And you have seen the call, and I think the first patrick and Mr. Nockels, get here. I think it is quite speaker is Mr. Olander, no, Mr. English-he isn't important then that we wait until they get here so that here. Mr. Olander, he isn't here. Miss Haley- all who were present and who presented your matter to she is here. (Applause.) the Mayor may be present when each talks. I suppose * * * * * * that is the idea, isn't it ? A VOICE : Can we talk about the new plan in- MR . ENGLISH : That is the idea . stalled this week ? MISS HALEY : In the meantime a great many other THE PRESIDENT : A teacher wishes to know things are happening in which you are interested. I think Page 4 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 something that I will tell perhaps would interest others printers, we would call that wages, but when it is paid to than the teachers and while we are waiting for the other teachers we call it a salary. However, salary doesn't speakers and before starting on the subject of the meet- buy any more of the wherewithal than wages do. ing I will tell you about this. Now we want this thoroughly understood, that we are not opposed to increasing the salaries of teachers ; we are Tenure Law Violated in favor of increasing the salaries of teachers. But we MISS HALEY : You know you have on the statute want that salary to be substantial. books a tenure law, a law which guarantees to the teach- Now the Board of Education has set out figures from ers before dismissal the right of trial on charges, if you its auditor. Others have set out figures, until there is have been three years in the system. That is, if you have such a confusing array of figures we don't know which is completed three years' satisfactory probationary service. correct, but the only ones that we can look at and take For teachers who have not completed the three years' with any degree of certainty are the figures that are fur- satisfactory probationary service the law provides that nished by the auditor of the Board . they may be dismissed by the Board of Education on If there were plenty of money in the educational fund the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools, to pay this increased salary schedule I still would be op- who must set forth in his report to the Board the reasons posed to it, because I do not believe it is a proper sort of therefor. schedule to present to the teachers of Chicago (Ap- Now something has happened the last three or four plause) . Now we find out that representation has been days that seems necessary and wise for me to bring to made that the reason for introducing the new salary your attention. schedule is on account of the depreciated value of the dol- I have learned that teachers reported Tuesday morn- lar, the decreased purchasing power of that dollar. Now ing to their schools, where they had taught during June, if that is true for the teachers who have taught more than and on the last day of June, and they were told that five years in the system it is also true for those who have their services had been dispensed with. These teachers taught less than five years in the system (Applause) . have not been dismissed by the Board of Education. We find out that the new salary schedule takes off three No report recommending their dismissal has been pre- hundred dollars in the first four years from the teacher sented by the Superintendent to the Board, but they who is just starting in the school. were told that their services were dispensed with. A teacher has to go to high school for four years. On inquiry one principal informed one such teacher Under the new rule of the Board she must attend normal that he had seen a communication from the Superin- school for three years more, making seven years. Now tendent's office, addressed to this teacher, saying that his if she graduates from the high school at seventeen years services were dispensed with. And on the strength of of age, goes to the normal school for three years, making the letter which that principal said he saw in the Super- her twenty years of age, she will have to be twenty-five intendent's office, the principal notified the teacher that years of age before she can take advantage of this in- his services were dispensed with. creased wage according to this new salary schedule. Now Before that was done the teacher went into the office I maintain that that is not the proper or scientific way of Tuesday morning, took his program which he had left drawing up a wage scale, as we call it. there in June ready for work, walked into his room, started his work, and then another teacher came into Auditor's Official Figures the room with a note signed by the assistant principal There is another thing, that the educational fund of saying that he was wanted in the office. And the other teacher took his place in the room. He went into the the City of Chicago is not in a position today to take office and then heard this from the principal, " Your care of this salary schedule. Some tell us that by a sys- services are dispensed with " ; then told him that he saw tem of antiquated bookkeeping that is true. The auditor the communication on the Superintendent's desk . of the Board furnished us figures, and I am going to read That is all the notice that the teacher had. His room you a few of these figures, if I can see them. was filled. Another teacher is occupying it. He did This is the money for educational purposes . Now the not know what to do. The principal of that school deficit December 31st, 1924, was $ 15,293,761 , going told him that there were many others , perhaps a hundred into the year 1925 with that deficit. The estimated or more, who apparently are in the same situation. revenue for 1925 is in taxes $ 31,285,432 . Other rev- * * * * * * enues $4,592,383, making the total estimated revenue $ 35,877,115 . The estimated expenditures are $39, - After the arrival of Mr. Olander and Mr. Fitz- 952,012, and the new salary schedule of $700,000 patrick Mr. English spoke as follows : would make the estimated expenditure $40,652,012, leaving an additional deficit at the end of 1925 of Statement by Mr. English $4,774,197. In 1926 the estimated revenue would be MR. ENGLISH : My friends, I have been asked $31,760,000. The 1925 tax levy at 1.92 rate would to appear before you this afternoon, and I don't know be $5,000,000, leaving a total estimated revenue of whether as a member of the Board of Education or as a $ 36,760,000 . And the estimated expenditures for 1925 friend of the teachers (applause) , but I would much would be $42,500,000, with the new salary schedule rather have you consider me a friend of the teachers (ap- of $3,000,000, making the total expenditures for 1926 plause) than as a member of the Board of Education. $45,000,000. That is an additional deficit of $8,740, - I am not going to speak very long, but I just want to 000, and total deficit at the end of 1926, according to touch upon some of the things that are concerning us most these figures, would be $28,807,958, and at that time the vitally right now, and about the only matter that I intend educational fund would be depleted if this new salary to touch upon this afternoon is this so-called salary schedule should go into effect. schedule. There is just one other assumption, that the taxpayer Now I suppose if it was a case of horse shoers or (Continued on Page 10) 3,1 Sept. 18 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 5 When The Tribune Talks Then- With no deficit in the educational fund, and with the receipts in that fund exceeding the expenditures in 1906, the Tribune, on Decem- ber 7,. 1906, scored the Board for voting to pay the teachers the salaries another Board had voted to pay them seven years before but had failed to pay. Read the editorial below : BUNCOMBE OR BANKRUPTCY The mayor is said to be contemplating a second candidacy, making the public schools the issue in the campaign. There is no (Editorial, Chicago Tribune, Dec. 7, 06) reason to believe that his party will indorse the mayor's project. The school board has voted to raise salaries automatically, The errors of the democratic party are often a potent factor in without regard to learning, professonal skill, or the market value republican success, but it is too much to expect that the local コ of the school teacher's service. This would be bad enough if democrats will give up the mayoralty without a struggle. That is the money were at hand, but when such legislation is enacted what the renomination of Mayor Dunne would amount to. But without regard to the financial condition of the schools it is either if this is their intention it will not be necessary for Mayor Dunne a bit of buncombe or it means bankruptcy. To be sure Mr. Post to make an effort to put the public school question to the front. has said "The schools have the money. It is in the other The people will put it there and keep it there. There are thou- fellow's pocket and we propose to get it. " But fortunately the sands of men of every party who are simply aching for a chance school board, which is so free with "the other fellow's" money, to let the mayor know what they think of the school board for which he is responsible. has not the physical power to confiscate. The law allows it certain funds; if it wastes those it cannot take to the highway The teachers, only a small minority of whom belong to the and make those with money in their pockets stand and deliver. noisy federation, will not be deceived by the school board's parade of generous intentions in regard to "the other fellow's " The school board has not the money. This is the plain truth, money. Some of them can remember when they were paid in and Mr. Spiegel is right in condemning the board for thus giving warrants which had to be discounted for cash and when financial notice to the teachers that their salary is to be raised in January stringency made them a prey of loan sharks. They would rather when the members of the board know that it is impossible. There receive their present salaries, higher by far than those paid in any are two questions involved, the possibility of such a salary scheme city in the United States except four, than to receive orders for and the desirability of it. The second question need not be larger sums which would net them less because of the school's raised when the only answer to the first is a negative one. bankruptcy. Now- With a deficit of nineteen million dollars at the end of this year and expenditures in the educational fund exceeding receipts this year by four million dollars and in the face of the facts shown by the offi- cial statement of the auditor of the Board, made public last week by a member of the Board of Education, the Tribune on September 3, 1925, advised the Board of Education to raise teachers salaries . The following are taken from the official figures of the Auditor of the Board of Education, Mr. Brackett, presented to the teachers at the Studebaker Theater mass meeting by Mr. English. ( See page 4. ) Headed Toward the Rocks ! Under Present Under Proposed Salary Schedules Salary Schedules Amount the Board must borrow in 1926. $25,107,958 $28,807,958 Amount the Board can legally borrow in 1926 ( 75 % of $31,285,432 ) 23,820,000 23,820,000 Amount the Board will need to borrow in 1926 which it will have no legal power to borrow. 1,287,958 4,987,958 Page 6 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 From the Masthead by The Lookout • Of course, it would be much pleasanter if I could stand before you and just argue that the time was here when we could go right ahead and get for every teacher all that he or she deserved. But I am a sailor. We have certain ethics on board ship. One man in each watch is selected to go to the masthead and there keep a lookout, and I could not very well use the sort of language here necessary to express the opinion of the sailor as against the lookout who, seeking breakers ahead, did not report it to those on deck because it would be unpleasant news to them. He would be termed a coward if he hesitated upon the reporting of it, and a liar if he denied having seen it afterward; I am neither a coward nor a liar. Victor A. Olander, at Studebaker Theatre Mass Meeting, Sept. 11 , 1925. To Twenty-five the Teachers of Chicago: Chicago and told him that the proposed new salary years ago you selected me from "the schedule could not be paid under the revenue then avail- watch" to "go to the mast-head and there keep a look- able. The Mayor told these Board members that the out. " Since that time I have never failed to report to teachers did not know that; that the teachers thought the you when I have seen breakers ahead. I am reporting Board could pay it if it wished and he advised them to to you now. adopt the schedule. He said if they could not pay the in- We are now heading for the same rocks that wrecked crease under it they would have to cut the teachers' the Elementary teachers' salary schedule more than salaries, and that is what happened. twenty-five years ago inadequate school revenues. At that time the teachers did not know anything about I now report to you briefly that experience of the school revenue. Oh! What they did not know! They elementary teachers. It is substantially what I reported honestly believed, just as the Mayor said they did, that to the teachers last Friday, September 11 , at the Stude- the Board could, if it wished, pay that schedule. There- baker Theatre mass meeting and to the Mayor on fore they earnestly insisted upon its adoption. They September 4th. Here is the report : got it and then they lost it, and when they lost it they The elementary teachers of Chicago more than twenty- lost more than the amount of the increase. Of course five years ago went through the experience of having the the teachers who lost most were the largest group, the Board of Education adopt a new salary schedule pro- elementary teachers. Of course, the largest group of viding for increases in the elementary teachers' salaries the elementary, those at the maximum, lost the most and when the Board had not the money to pay that lost it the oftenest. schedule and the members of the Board knew it when The elementary teachers' minimum under the old they voted for it. schedule was $500 and the maximum $800 for primary The Board not only did not pay that new schedule teachers and $825 for grammar grade. This maximum but after adopting it they failed to pay the old schedule was reached in seven years. The proposed new schedule with the result that the teachers of the entire system lost of 1898 left all the years from the first to the seventh, all the way from fifty to five hundred dollars because inclusive, exactly as they were, added three additional of that failure to pay the old schedule. years to the schedule and fixed the maximum at $ 1,000 Before that new schedule was adopted in 1898 mem- to be reached in the tenth year. bers of the Board of Education called on the Mayor of The first increase due under that schedule, $75 , was Sept. 18 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 7 (Continued from Preceding Page) That Auditor's report shows that, with the present given in 1898 to the 2500 teachers then at the maximum. tax-rate and, without a dollar of increase in salary The second increase, $50, due these 2500 teachers in schedules, the Board of Education, in December, 1926, 1899 was not paid. Instead, in 1899, the Board sus- will be short $ 1,287,958 of the amount of money that pended payment of all automatic increases for all teachers it must have to pay the present schedules. It shows that in the system, high and elementary, with the result that the Board will have no power under the law to borrow this retardation on their schedules caused a loss ranging that money, that its borrowing power will be exhausted from $50 to $500 to every teacher who had not reached by December, 1926. That Auditor's report shows that the maximum, according to their place on the schedule. if the proposed salary schedule is adopted now and the Board starts payment of only the first increase due under The next year, 1900, the $75 increase given in 1898 that schedule the shortage in 1926 against which the was taken away. It was then I verified and reported Board will have no borrowing power in 1926, will be to you on the newspaper story that the lack of revenue increased by $3,700,000, that is from $ 1,287,958 to was due to the tax-dodging of powerful corporations ; it $4,987,958 . was then you took me from my class room and sent me to the mast-head. I wish to reiterate with Mr. English, Mr. Olander and Mr. Fitzpatrick that I am not opposing an increase In 1901 that $75 increase was given back to the in teachers ' salaries . Neither do I believe that such teachers. In February, 1902 it was taken away and the an increase should wait upon the reformation of the $ 1,000 maximum adopted in 1898, was abolished. entire tax system. But I want to remind the teachers Later in 1902 the teachers ' back tax suit against the that after that first experience 25 years ago, the teachers corporations brought in $500,000 to the treasury of the got together, and through their own efforts (most of the Board of Education. Following this, the Board, in time unaided) put the money into the Public Treasury 1903 , restored the $ 1000 maximum, but on conditions before any increases were given. Since that experience that authorized the Superintendent to retard teachers on the teachers have seen to it that the money was put into the schedule by means of a combination of secret mark- the treasury first and then they had to work again to ing and secret examinations. This scheme of retardation persuade the Board to vote for increases in teachers ' kept all but 63 of the 2500 teachers from reaching that salaries after the teachers had secured the money. $ 1000 maximum until 1910-seven years after it was The conditions surrounding the present proposed in- restored, and twelve years after its first adoption. It crease are similar to those of the past when so-called was 12 years of heartbreaking experiences. No one who "increases" really resulted in DECREASES in salary. lived through it wants to see teachers experience it again. After leaving the stage of the Studebaker Theatre last More than four years after that retardation scheme Friday, Mr. English said there was one thing he had was established an investigation was made by a new forgotten to say to the teachers and asked me to say it Board of Education. That new Board abolished the for him. It was this: "Isn't it strange to be talking whole retardation scheme on Dec. 6, 1906 and started about a salary increase for the teachers when they are the rest of the 2500 teachers toward the $ 1000 maxi- taking everything else away from them, their Councils, mum, the first payment of $50 to be paid in January, their tenure, and their pay when absent for sickness ? " 1907, the next $50 in 1908, and still another in 1909 when they should begin to draw the $ 1000 salary. The Editorial from the Chicago Tribune printed here on page 5 is a sample of the howl that went up from the Tribune, ( and other papers joined in the howl) because of the action of that new Board . HEAR YE ! Marjenta. Haly HEAR YE ! WE ADVERTISE The power to retard teachers on the proposed schedule, now before the finance committee of the Board, has al- In this first fall issue of the Bulletin, Advertising ready been discussed in the Bulletin, and will be further makes its bow. discussed in future issues . It is the expedient resorted to as a means of financing, The Board of Education is now in the same situation in part, the Bulletin. It makes possible a reduction in that that Board was in 1898. I was in the Mayor's subscription price from three dollars as announced orig- inally, to two dollars a year. Several pages in this and office on September 4 and heard a member of the Board successive issues will be devoted to advertising. Readers of Education, Mr. John A. English, tell the Mayor that the Board will not have money to pay the proposed of the Bulletin are asked to help make the Bulletin a schedule; that if the Board adopts that schedule and profitable advertising medium for the individuals and pays the first increase provided under it, the Board will firms that have bought space in it. By patronizing not only have to take that increase away in a few these advertisers you are boosting the Bulletin. By tell- months but will have to cut the present salaries. Mr. ing the advertisers you saw their ads in the Bulletin, you English presented to the teachers at the Studebaker are helping sell space. Theatre meeting, September 11 , the official report of the Another change in the Bulletin, inaugurated in this edition, is its issuance twice a month instead of once a auditor of the Board of Education supporting that state- week as last year. It will be published twice a month ment. This is the first official report showing these facts throughout the school year. that has been made public. ANNOUNCEMENT Mr. English's speech is reported in full elsewhere in this Bulletin. Mr. English left with the officers of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra concerts . Teachers Teachers ' Federation the auditor's report which he read who wish to purchase tickets for the " Popular Concerts " at the mass meeting and it will be printed in full in a will please communicate at once with Mrs. May Owens later issue of the Bulletin. Kinsey, 5452 Calumet Ave., telephone Drexel 3468. Page 8 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 Full Text of Proposed Amendment to Rules Restoring Teachers' Councils Presented to Board of Education by Mr. John A. English, Sept. 9 , 1925 (This Amendment restores the Teachers' Councils as they were organized and existed prior to September 24, 1924. Referred to Committees on Rules and School Administration) AMENDMENT TO ARTICLE 15 OF CHAR- SEC . 6. REPORTS OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACH- TER IV OF THE RULES OF THE BOARD ERS ' COUNCILS : OF EDUCATION It shall be the duty of the Central Council to submit to the Be it, Superintendent of Schools and to the Board of Education all findings and recommendations which have been approved by a and it is hereby established, enacted and adopted by the majority of the members of all the Local Councils. Board of Education of the City of Chicago that the present rules of the said Board heretofore adopted on the first day SEC . 7. ORGANIZATION AND MEMBERSHIP OF ELEMENTARY TEACHERS' COUNCILS : of September A. D. 1922 (and published in the official report of the proceedings of said Board for that date on The teachers of Elementary, Junior High, and Prevocational page 491 to 508 inclusive and on page 509) , as amended on Schools shall be organized into Local Councils, Group Councils, September 24th, 1924 (and published in the official report and a General Council . of the proceedings of said Board for that date on page 260, There shall be a Local Council in each Elementary, Junior High, Report No. A9809) , be and the same are hereby changed, and Prevocation School, consisting of all the teachers in that altered and amended by striking out all of Art. 15 entitled school . Group Councils shall consist of approximately two hun- Teachers' Councils and reading as follows : dred teachers from such schools adjacent or easily accessible by “ART. 15, TEACHERS' COUNCILS— transportation lines. The General Council shall consist of one delegate from each Sec. 1 , Teachers' Councils may be organized by the Superin- Group Council . tendent of Schools subject to the approval of the Board of Edu- The word "Teacher," wherever used in this section and in sections cation" and substituting therefore the following: 8 and 9 shall mean one actively engaged in classroom work, in- cluding clerks, cadets, substitutes, visiting teachers, kindergarten ART. 15, TEACHERS' COUNCILS— teachers, teachers of manual training, printing, domestic science, SEC . 1. PURPOSE : physical education, special subjects, and special divisions, not Teachers' Councils shall be organized and maintained for the including principals. Substitutes and teachers assigned to more purpose of utilizing the knowledge and experience of the classroom than one school shall attend the meetings of the Council of the teachers in the consideration of educational problems and of school in which they are employed at the time of the meeting of the councils . all questions touching the welfare of pupils and teachers in the The Group Council shall consist of all the teachers of all the public schools, by means of regular meetings of such Councils to be held during school hours for the discussion by such teachers schools included in that Group. of the subjects on which they wish to submit opinions, findings At the first meeting of the Group Councils under these rules and recommendations to the Superintendent and to the Board of delegates to the General Council shall be elected according to Education for the good of the school system. regulations to be established by a temporary General Council ; SEC . 2. SUB - RULES : such temporary General Council shall consist of those members of the Elementary Teachers' General Council of May 1 , 1924 The Councils shall adopt uniform sub-rules concerning organiza- who are still eligible for membership in the Elementary Teachers' tion and procedure not in conflict with the rules of the Board of Councils. Upon the organization as a General Council of the Education. Delegates so elected the temporary General Council shall cease SEC . 3. ORGANIZATION OF HIGH SCHOOL to exist. TEACHERS ' COUNCILS : SEC . 8. MEETINGS OF ELEMENTARY TEACH- There shall be a local council in each High School and in each ERS ' COUNCILS : Continuation School and a Central Council consisting of delegates The Local Councils shall meet the sixth and thirteenth weeks of from the Local Councils . each semester. These meetings shall occur during school hours, SEC . 4. MEMBERSHIP OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS' COUNCILS : and shall continue not less than forty-five minutes. Other meetings may be held out of school hours on the call of the chairman of The Local Council of each high school and of each continuation the Council . school shall consist of the teachers of that school. The term The Group Councils shall meet at 1:30 on the afternoon of the "teacher" wherever used in this section shall be interpreted to last school day of the seventh and fourteenth weeks of each mean one actively engaged in class-room work, including deans of semester at the school designated as "Meeting Place." Other girls, assistants to the principals, and substitutes, but not including meetings may be held out of school hours on the call of the the principals. Chairman of such Council . Teachers of Junior Colleges shall be members of the Local It shall be the duty of the Principal of each Elementary, Junior Council of the high school under whose principal they teach. High or Prevocational School, to dismiss such school on the The Central Council shall consist of a representative elected by afternoon of the days fixed under these Rules of the Board of each Local Council for each fifty members or major fraction Education for the meetings of the Elementary Teachers' Group thereof, providing that each high school and each continuation Councils ; and it shall be the duty of the Principal of each such school shall have at least one representative. It shall be the duty of the Principal of each High School and school to provide for the meeting together during school hours of all the teachers in such school for the local council meetings on each continuation school to provide for the meeting together during some day during each of the weeks heretofore designated. school hours of all the teachers in such schools for the local It shall be the duty of the principal of each elementary school council meetings on some day during each of the weeks hereinafter in which a group council holds its meeting to make the necessary designated. provisions for holding these meetings in such school. SEC . 5 . MEETINGS OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACH- ERS ' COUNCILS : SEC . 9. REPORTS OF ELEMENTARY TEACH- ERS ' COUNCILS : The Local Council shall meet during the fourth, ninth, fourteenth and nineteenth weeks of each semester. These meetings shall It shall be the duty of the General Council to submit to the occur during school hours, and shall continue not less than one Superintendent of Schools and to the Board of Education all class period. Other meetings may be held out of school hours findings and recommendations which have been approved by a on the call of the chairman of the Council. majority of the Group Councils . Sept. 18 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 9 High School Teachers Petition Starts Pot Boiling on Councils Superintendent Opposes Plea for Meetings on School Time The question of Teachers' Councils was revived dur- times each semester on regular school time for a period of ing the summer by the presentation, on July 22nd, of a forty-eight minutes each. petition signed by more than 1,400 High School teach- The Council as now organized has, according to the copy of ers to the Board of Education to re-establish High its constitution filed by it with the superintendent, the purpose "of utilizing the knowledge and experience of all high school teachers School Councils on school time. in the solution of educational and other problems in the Chi- Following is the petition and accompanying communi- cago high schools." They exclude the principals but admit cation from the President of the High School Teachers' assistants to the principals, substitute teachers, deans of girls, etc. The local councils meet during the third, eighth, fourteenth and Council, which were printed in the Proceedings of the nineteenth week of each semester, eight times a year. The dele- Board (Report No. C- 12109, page 64, July 22, gates to the Central Council meet "on an afternoon of the week 1925 ) and referred to the School Administration and following the regular meeting of the locals and at such other Rules Committees . To date no action has been taken times as may seem advisable on call of the president." The Central Council is empowered to submit to the Superintendent by either committee. and other executive officials recommendations on all educational and other problems. A majority of the members of any council REQUEST TO RE-ESTABLISH CENTRAL constitutes a quorum : COUNCIL-REFERRED The main objections to the proposition of the petitioners are two: Chicago, July 17, 1925. A-Exclusion of the principals from an educational organi- Members of the Board of Education, Chicago Illinois : zation meeting in the school and given official recognition by the Ladies and Gentlemen: Pursuant to the order of the Department of Education. Central Council of the Chicago High School Teachers' The rules of the Board of Education, in common with the Council the attached petition, signed by more than 1,400 rules of other school systems, designate principals as "the respon- high school teachers of Chicago, is respectfully submit- sible administrative heads of their respective schools charged ted for your consideration. with the organization, supervision and administration thereof. " The teachers are convinced that the present system, Principals have so generally objected to the official recog- originally established by the Superintendent and Board nition of an organization within the school system excluding them in 1919, of a local council in each high school with from participation in solution of educational and other problems representation in a central council is the most effective for the Chicago schools, that I cannot bring myself to approve organization through which the opinions of the teachers the proposition of the petitioners. on the problems of the high schools may be obtained and B-The petition proposes to hold eight meetings on regular the morale and professional spirit of the teaching force school time forty-eight minutes each. may be developed. Protests against encroachment upon the actual teaching time Owing to the shift system now in operation in almost devoted to the school children have been so general and so well all the high schools, under which the teaching day is supported by arguments that I deem it my duty to oppose in- completed at various times from 2:30 until 5:00 P. M. , terruptions and curtailments of this, the main function of the schools. it has been found impossible to get the teachers together If the high school classes should be dismissed for purposes other at any time after school for any purpose whatsoever. than actual teaching, the elementary school teachers could prop- This has greatly hampered the work of the locals during erly claim the same privilege. The argument that the "shift" the past year. Since programs can be so arranged that system in operation makes it impossible to get the teachers together class time lost by holding local meetings on school at any time after school for any purpose whatsoever applied time can be reduced to a negligible minimum, the school equally well to large numbers of elementary schools. system would be much benefited by the restoration of Twelve of the high schools have over 100 teachers in their these meetings to some time in the school day. faculties ; obviously too many to secure much opportunty of ex- For these reasons the high school teachers respectfully present this petition to you. pressing their views in meetings confined to forty-eight minutes Yours respectfully, each. This amounts to less than thirty seconds for each teacher. A. E. LAYMAN, President. By a plan in operation elsewhere of assembling morning teachers after the close of their service and afternoon teachers before the PETITION beginning of their service, smaller groups and more efficient re- We, the undersigned teachers of the Chicago Public sults could be obtained. High Schools, do hereby petition the Superintendent To avoid encroachment on teaching time, the principal's staff and Board of Education to allow the Local High School meetings (the essential of all organizations for the presentation Councils as now organized, to meet four times each and discussion of plans) are forbidden to be held during class semester on regular school time for a period of 45 time. In view of this requirement, the dismissal of classes for minutes each . meetings from which the school managers are excluded would (Signatures follow) present an absurdity which I cannot justify. Following is an exact copy of the Superintendent's re- The fact that teachers are required to render service in a port to the Rules Committee of the Board on the High definite locality and time at less than seven hours per day for 195 days out of the 365, and the fact that the Central Council School teachers' petition. This report was printed in the can meet out of school time and that twenty-three voluntary newspapers on September 3, 1925 , and received later by teachers' associations formed for the solution of educational and the members of the Rules Committee of the Board : other problems have not requested dismissal of classes for their September 1 , 1925. work, indicates a not insuperable difficulty for meetings of high school teachers' councils in other than school time . To the Committee on Rules , Board of Education . Ladies and Gentlemen : This matter of interruptions to teaching service for various There has been referred to you by the Board of Education a commendable purposes has been before the Board of Education petition of Mr. A. E. Lyman, president of the Chicago High and has been given active attention by it for more than a year and a half. On the 19th of September, 1924, your Auditor School Teachers' Council, 19 South La Salle Street, Chicago, to the effect that more than 1,400 high school teachers of Chicago estimated the cost of the schools at $678.76 per minute of teach- request the Superintendent and the Board of Education to allow ing time. As to the essential period during which waste time the local high school councils as now organized to meet four (Continued on next page) Page 10 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 Terms of two pension trustees, Miss Mary M. Abbe is the most expensive, no other season can rank in importance and Miss Mary A. Swett, will expire this fall. with that when the teacher and taught are present together. On September 24, 1924, so insistent were protests from citi- The Primary election will be on October 9th . zens, parents, and clubs against the shortening of the teaching periods that members of your Board issued a public statement "that House Bill No. 521 , which was before the 1925 the dismissal of classes for teachers' councils is contrary to the best Legislature, and which provided for compulsory retire- interests of the school service and that the city is entitled to full, regular, uninterrupted attention to the teaching of its children and ment of Chicago teachers, principals and other members that it could find no instance in other cities where schools have of the educational department at 70 years of age, on a been dismissed for the purposes of holding teachers' councils. $ 1,500 annuity paid out of the Educational fund, failed The organization of teachers' institutes under the direction of to become a law. County Superintendents, etc., makes no exception." Councils in Chicago were a grant to the Superintendent of schools, an institution for which he asked Board authority. (Rules House Bill No. 638 permitting non-contributors to Board of Education, Chapter IV, Art. 15.) Proceedings of the Chicago Teachers' Pension Fund to become con- the Board refer to the councils "as under authority granted to tributors was enacted into law. the Superintendent." To give to the school system the advantage of a regular organization for proposing, discussing, and recommending, I had, beginning October 22, 1924, several conferences with a commit- (Continued from Page 4) tee consisting of nineteen teachers and principals, one district, and one assistant superintendent. They made an extended study Teachers Hear Mr. English Discuss of industrial and educational conferences and submitted a de- School Finances tailed preliminary report to the members of the Board of Educa- tion on December 31 , 1924. As a result of comments and advice is going to vote favorably on an increase from $ 1.92 to from Board members, modifications were made in the original $2.92 in taxes. That would increase the revenues of plan, dropping from the proposed council a member of the Board the Board so they could in some measure take care of the of Education for the reason given that the council should be deficit, but I want to tell you that the whim of the tax- merely advisory and that no elaborate machinery was necessary. payers of Chicago is a mighty unsubstantial thing to base Your proceedings show your Board's final approval of the con- stitution of the existing Public School Teachers' Council, which your earnings on. I would like to have something more constitution provides for seventeen members elected as delegates substantial for the necessary things of life than taking a from designated voluntary teachers' associations. (Proceedings Board of Education, February 11 , 1925, Page 769.) The Board chance on the taxpayer voluntarily raising his own taxes. approved this plan April 8, 1925 (Board Proceedings, page (Laughter) . 1016) . Preliminary to the Board's approval, hearings were held by Now, say that this salary schedule did go into effect. the Committee on School Administration and briefs submitted by It would be inevitable at the end of 1928, if there was interested parties. Immediately after the Board's approval, the no further revenue from the Board, and we were going Superintendent issued a call to the designated organizations to to keep the same volume of activities in our schools as these met and organized today, and we are sadly in need of increasing them, there elect their delegates and on June 16thmembers in accordance with the constitution, drawing lots for the one-year terms, two-year-terms, and three-year terms, dis- would be only one thing that I can see would have to cussed the thirteen items on the calendar and adjourned until fall. happen, and that is a decrease in salaries. CONCLUSION : A teachers' council, representing all Increase or Decrease ? grades of the service, having been organized with the approval of the Board of Education; the meetings of other councils (high In my opinion it is far more dangerous to approach a school and otherwise) being possible under the circumstances situation where there would be a decrease, an inevitable suggested in this report; The Board of Education having ap- proved the offer of the use of school buildings out of class time decrease in our earning power, than there would be if we for meetings ; I recommend that the receipt of the petition be did not get that increase at all. acknowledged and the petitioners furnished with the Superintend- Now, we of the trade union movement, we know that ent's reasons for disapproving the request. it is a much harder proposition for our members to stand Respectfully submitted, (Signed) WILLIAM McANDREW, a decrease in wages than it is to be denied an increase in Superintendent of Schools. wages. It is something that they have which belongs to them. It is theirs by right, and they take the position nobody has the right to take it away from them, because we have never got all we are entitled to, and I look upon SUBSCRIPTION this salary schedule in about the same light as I would to look upon wages concerning any other branch or any other element of organized labor. Margaret Haley's Weekly Bulletin That is the position that the members of the Board have taken on this salary increase, who are not fully Name. agreed with this program. I wish that there were some way of giving the teachers Address what belongs to them in the way of a permanent and (Street and Number ) substantial increase in wages , in salaries, something that City they would know was theirs, that they would look for- Subscription price $2.00 per year. ward to, but when you commence to fix wages on the MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite whim of the taxpayers, we are skating on mighty thin ice, 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν . that in all probability would break under us unless there Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904 . was a very vigorous campaign made. There may be ways, probably, of meeting an increase Sept. 18, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 11 in salaries and of bringing forth a new salary schedule working for a living because those are the people I am with justice to everyone who is making a living teaching interested in and those are the people I am going to try to in Chicago, where all would really get what they serve to the very best of my ability. deserve, and probably some of the other speakers later on I want to thank you for your attention. (Applause. ) will tell you something about that. I am not versed enough in the tax situation in Chicago to know much Statement by Mr. Olander about it, but I do know this, there are a lot of tax-dodgers MR . OLANDER : What I am about to say will in Chicago who get away very easily on that mild term, be said as the result of thoughtful conference with officers "tax-dodgers.' If somebody put his hand in your of the Chicago Federation of Labor and not merely as pocket and took out your money, you would call him an expression of my individual views. something else than tax-dodger. I think we are confronted with a very grave emergency I want to be as helpful as I can on the Board of Edu- in our public school system which deserves the very care- cation, first, to the children of Chicago. They deserve ful attenton of every citizen of Chicago. our consideration first (Applause) . And then to those There is quite a dispute, according to the public press, who are intrusted with the most important work that we as to whether or not an excess of expenditures over in- are doing in this country today, and that is moulding the come may be properly called a deficit. Well, be that lives and characters of our children who are going to as it may, there is a complete agreement upon the state- school . We are trusting them with you. We are plac- ment that the expenditures do exceed the income. On ing them in your hands. And the way you handle them that point there is no difference of opinion apparently be- determine largely what our citizens are going to be. And tween any of those who are arguing this question of salary schedule. I say without much fear of contradiction that the teach- ers are moulding the characters of the future citizens of And all agree, also, that there must be an increase of this country, and there is no more important work any school revenue. Why ? Well, we might go back a place. year to secure evidence as to just why we need or for what purpose we need more money in our schools. And when it comes to a question of salary, I think It is just about a year ago now that we were all that yours should be considered first. rather excited about the introduction of the platoon sys- I thank you for this opportunity of appearing before tem in Chicago. Not many of our public educators here you, and I probably have taken a little more time than cared to express themselves in favor of that institution I intended to take, but I want you teachers to consider me because of any particular educational value in it, but one on the Board of Education as your friend and the friend very eminent gentleman in charmingly original language of everyone, whether he is a member of an organized gave it his approval because he said you must cut your labor movement or not, the friend of everyone who is cloth to fit your purse. That is the gentleman who has The newest The newest styles and colors and Materials ALTERATIONS FREE HARVEY& CO 135-137 S. STATE ST. Combinations ALTERATIONS FREE 10% DISCOUNT TO TEACHERS !! We congratulate the BULLETIN on its new policy of accepting advertising and welcome the opportunity to invite the School Teachers of Chicago to come to our store and inspect our offerings. That we may introduce our merchan- dise to you, we offer a SPECIAL 10 % DISCOUNT TO ALL SCHOOL TEACHERS. All our merchandise is marked in plain figures. Select all you wish to purchase-and then deduct 10 % from the total. Our prices are always low-the special discount makes every item an exceptional bargain. Fur Coats Cloth Coats Dresses In the new needle For class room, street, Northern Seal, Mar- mink, and Muskrat. Plain point materials in vogue afternoon or dinner. In for the coming season. Satins, Crepe, Crepe Ro- and trimmed-some with Trimmed with Beaver, maine, and Elizabeth contrasting collars, cuffs Jap Mink, Eastern Mink Crepe. Long sleeves pre- and borders. In the latest and Foxes. Some with vail-though many models style effects, priced at borders and in all the are sleeveless. Some plain prevailing shades. Priced and some elaborately at trimmed. $8500 Up $6500 Up . $2250 Up Don't Forget the Don't Forget the Don't Forget the 10% OFF 10% OFF 10% OFF Page 12 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 since advanced a salary schedule (laughter) -the Super- $ 125 to $ 175 in taxes on a little cottage, and yet that intendent of Schools. is what we are confronted with in this city. My time is very short. I have to get back to some Now, then, you are being advised to go to the very important pre-convention duties that are now occupy- people for an increase of salary for some of you or to ing practically all my time. I can't go into detail. You are go to the people for an increase of school revenue, not more familiar with the needs of the schools than I am. for the purpose of giving to the children relief from the You know that money is needed for a great many pur- platoon system, not for the purpose of furnishing funds poses, among which is that of supplying more teachers in generally for the schools, but so that there may be an order that there may be a sufficiently close contact be- increase of salaries for the teachers or rather for some tween teacher and pupil to enable proper and adequate of the teachers. All other issues have already been over- education. shadowed. Those who are favoring the present schedule That there is a necessity for increased revenue in order are raising that one question and calling upon you to go to put the school system upon a proper basis in a great to the people on that one issue, something you have many respects, is certain. It may be said, too, that there never before in your history done. is not a sufficient income now to maintain the present Now, is that wise ? I would say if there were noth- standard and that unless additional funds are given, there ing at stake but your salaries, if there were nothing at will have to be a lowering of standards in many respects. stake but that one question of whether or not you should Now, in order to obtain the increased revenue it is receive more salary or some of you should receive more proposed by those who are advancing the salary schedule salary, I would not be so greatly concerned. But surely that an appeal be made to the people for an increase of you know that there is a well defined campaign all over taxes. Surely, you teachers know that there is consid- the United States to curtail the cost of public education erable feeling among the people of our city and especially by limiting the number of young people that are to be the home owners against the present rate of taxation. permitted to enter our public educational institutions, so It goes very heavily upon folks when they have to pay changing conditions as to make it impossible for a con- siderable portion of the classes that now enter our Announces the following schools from getting through the doors of those institu- BERTHA OTT CONCERT and RECITALS tions in the future. under her management during the first part of October Paul Whiteman (himself) and orchestra, concert, Sunday afternoon, I refer you to the reports of the Carnegie Institute October 11th at 3:30 at the Auditorium Theatre. Seats $1.00, $ 1.50, $2.00, $2.50, plus 10% tax. which give the facts in unmistakable language as to the Eusebio Concialdi , baritone, recital , Sunday afternoon, October 11th nature of that campaign which that institution itself is at 3:30 at the Studebaker Theatre. Seats 75 cents, $ 1.00, $ 1.50, plus 10% tax. favoring. Themy Georgi, tenor, recital, Sunday afternoon, October 18th at 3:30 at the Studebaker Theatre. Seats $1.00, $ 1.50, plus 10% tax. Tickets can be secured by addressing I refer you to the reports of the Chicago Association BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. of Commerce, not so frank in their statements, but the nature of their investigations and the figures that they publish in their reports, indicate that they too are mov- New York Shop at Fifth Ave. and 36th St. ing in the direction of curtailment. Leading Teachers Into Trap What would satisfy the enemies of public education more than to induce the school teachers of Chicago to go to the people on a false issue of salaries and be defeated, as a result of which the School Board would have to pro- ceed on its present revenue, and that would mean not only a lowering of the present standards of education but also a reduction in your salaries as well. I think that either intentionally or unintentionally, I know not which, efforts are being made to lead you into Youthful Attire a trap, as a result of which, if you permit yourself to be so led, you will suffer injury to yourselves and do injury Ultra Individual in Design for to those under your care. School-Street-Afternoon-Evening New modes presented here simultaneously as shown in Now, I say that under such circumstances you ought to move with much care. our New York shop Special features arranged for Saturday Do I need to stand before you and say that I favor shopping announced to teachers by mail better salaries for the school teachers of Chicago? I Fill out and mail this coupon: don't know of anyone who has been more consistent on that question than I have. And I must say, too, for the Name Chicago Federation of Labor and all of its associates, that throughout the years they have insisted that school Address teachers have not been properly paid. But on more than one occasion some of us have had to step out with your officers and warn against trick proposals that were brought forward, raising the hope that something was about to be obtained, perhaps a little given for a while Betty Wales Shops 65-67 E. Madison St. Wilson Ave. at Sheridan and then afterwards taken away, and the whole system demoralized by that sort of procedure. AND IN EVANSTON-ORRINGTON HOTEL I have no hesitancy in coming out and saying that those who have been condemning our public school sys- 1925 Sept. 18, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 13 that tem and are holding it up to ridicule-I am not speak- ing of those outside of that system but those inside of it- tduring the past eighteen months are poor leaders to fol- NE MAY ECONOMIZE IN low in this sort of an emergency. (Applause) . M The argument, the effort to raise that single issue of many ways with profit to salaries at a time when there are many other school ques- health as well as to purse, a tions itself that to beneed attention sufficient in relation to warn to there you that revenue, ought in is something but cheap food, lacking dangerous in the situation. Te quality, is never an economy for it The salary argument itself as it is being presented by your friends, the newspapers, (laughter), is unsound. exacts a heavier price than ever is You are told, not you, because you know better,- paid in money. Good food is the but the people of Chicago generally are told that we stand 119th in teaching costs per pupil, and the average foundation of good health and good citizen reads that as it is intended that he should read it : health is priceless. 119th in the salary of teachers which of course is quite another thing. But as he reads it that way he is impressed and for a moment forgets his dislike for increased taxes, but you know what would happen when the campaign starts and those who are really for it and against it really begin to talk and argue about it; the falsity of that statement will be shown up, and he will be told the dif- ference between teaching costs per pupil and teachers' salaries, and he will then say, " Well, after all, it was HENRICI'S not so bad as they first said, " and immediately he will WM. M. COLLINS, President think of the prospect of increased taxes. Is it intended that that is what should take place? VOICES : Yes . 67 W. Randolph St. MR. OLANDER : Is that the purpose of the kind of argument that is now being made ? 7A. M. to Midnight Tax Amendment There is another thing to be considered. For a long time in Illinois we have been arguing the question of the tax amendment to the State constitution. It has been pointed out time and time again that under the present rigid tax article it is utterly impossible to reach certain forms of property, and so the claim has been made that FNMalthews 21 East Madison Street the legislature ought to be given power to classify prop- Between State and Wabash erty for taxation purposes. In 1915 the legislature submitted to the voters an School Teachers amendment to the constitution so changing the tax article as to permit of classification. A Some of those whom we sometimes refer to as in the LIBERAL tax dodging element of our community succeeded in per- DISCOUNT suading the legislature that the power to classify ought to be limited to purely personal property, and as the result Is allowed you and your of that when the tax amendment which they submitted, family on the marked price of any merchandise in our so limited, was put to a referendum vote in 1916 it failed stock. to receive the necessary majority. Then came the Con- stitutional Convention. That question was one of the Coats-Dresses principal issues, and again the tax question was discussed all over the State of Illinois, and the Constitution was and FURS voted down largely because it had in it a rigid tax article of finest quality only are fea- somewhat like the present article in its lack of flexibility. tured here. Thirty- five years The subject again came before the legislature after the of service to the women of Chicago establish us as Chi- defeat of that proposed new State Constitution, and last cago's foremost woman's winter there was adopted by the Illinois legislature a reso- shop. lution, Senate Joint Resolution No. 4, a proposed amend- ment to the tax article of the state constitution permitting Quality and Economy to some extent the sort of classification desired . And while our merchandise Now, there is a question among some of the proponents is of the highest quality ob- tainable, we are known for of the original resolution, which had the backing of a our low prices. Come in greater number of organizations than any other tax propo- and get acquainted with sition in this state has ever had before . "Matthews." There is now a question among them as to the mean- Page 14 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18 , 1925 A PERMANENT WAVE ing of a part of the tax amendment as to just what the By Lois Armstrong provision for two thirds majority means at the conclusion Rivals Nature's Own ! of the amendment. Newly Perfected Process Oil Skin Steam Sachet Special Club Rates For Teachers I don't want to discuss that question here. I simply LOIS STUDIOS refer to it to show the difference of opinion. I am not Call State 5089 making an argument for the tax amendment because those Room 808 . 14 W. Washington St. with whom I am directly associated have not yet de- clared themselves . That proposed amendment to the Constitution which brings forward the method of taxa- Private Telephone Exchange Atlantic 2300 tion, how to raise public revenues, how to take care of LAKE VILLA APARTMENT HOTEL the tax dodger, how to get at stocks and bonds, all prop- FIREPROOF-SOUNDPROOF Teachers Can Afford It erty we have not been able to reach, will be a wide open Attractive, Completely Furnished Kitchenette Apartments question discussed from one end of Illinois to the other in a wonderful building with Hotel Service. One block before you can get this question of increased taxes to a from Lake and I. C. Ry. Quick, comfortable transporta- tion. Taxi headquarters adjacent. vote, because the campaign on the tax amendment is al- 4644 LAKE PARK AVENUE ready being organized, and long before the flowers bloom in the spring it will be a subject of discussion from one end of Illinois to the other. And into that maelstrom is to be thrown that question of increased taxes in Chicago The Shoes You've Hoped For on the false issue of teachers' salaries as though that Our shoes will give you barefoot ease and superb were the only thing to be thought of in the schools. ARNOLD style-absolute foot comfort GLOVE I say that under such circumstances there is grave danger and beauty of line. GRIP that the people may vote down the proposal to increase Our Arnold Glove Grip SHOES Shoes support your feet, taxes, intending by that action merely to delay in the banish aches and pains- and they seem never to matter of school revenues , that is, waiting to see what ac- wear out . tion will be taken on the proposed revenue amendment . Come in and let us explain their patented feature and But some of those who now claim to be your friends will show you or complete line. then insist that the verdict was really against an increase Combination Lasts of school revenue and that the school board must proceed For Men and Women The TRIM-ARCH in accord with that verdict. Surely you cannot afford $10 to take that sort of risk . $11 $12 ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP It has been intimated by some that the officials of or- Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. ganized labor are taking a rather peculiar position when they appear to stand against an increase of wages for the teachers. I do not care to answer that sort of a thing. I say the whole history of our movement and the his- Announcing Structural Design tory of all those for whom I am now talking is a sufficient Our new Design and Composition guide for those without answer to that allegation. As a matter of fact what we technical practice as well as for those who have. It is entirely individual expression, giving artistic results of novel appearance are attempting to do is to have everything handled in such from the first. It teaches true Art appreciation, makes modern Art understandable and graphic ability is developed consciously. a way as to assure you of a real salary increase, and to Saturday Class for Teachers Begin Sept. 26th safeguard you against trickery. (Applause. ) Tuition $24 for 3 Months 9:00 to 12:00 A. M. Structural Design applied to standard Neither a Liar Nor a Coward Normal Art methods, Dress Design, Com- mercial Design, Interior Decoration, An- nual Illustrations. Of course, it would be much pleasanter if I could 1:30 to 4:30 P. M.-Structural Design applied to Industrial Art methods, Dress Design, Poster Design, stand before you and just argue that the time was here Still Life, and Life Classes . when we could go right ahead and get for every teacher Our certificates of accomplishment have been credited by Universi- ties and Boards of Education for years all that he or she deserved. But I am a sailor. We THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS have certain ethics on board ship. One man in each CARL N. WERNTZ, Director 81 EAST MADISON STREET watch is selected to go to the mast head and there keep a lookout, and I could not very well use the sort of language here necessary to express the opinion of the sail- or as against the lookout who, seeing breakers ahead, did not report it to those on deck because it would be un- INTRODUCING ! pleasant news to them. ( Laughter) . He would be termed a coward if he hesitated upon the reporting of it To the School Teachers of Chicago and a liar, if he denied having seen it afterwards. I am neither a coward nor a liar. (Applause) . Goodrich Dressmaking Service Let me take some of the personal reference out of that and say exactly what I really mean by that statement. We design, cut and fit any garment from your own material and make ready for you to finish. Also It applies not only to myself, but to all I represent and for whom I speak. Every official of the Federation of partial and complete finishing services. Labor feels exactly as I do on this question, and they feel Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone that their position , although it may be misunderstood here and there for a moment, will become clear to the THE GOODRICH SHOP people of Chicago generally before this argument is over. 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 Fortunately there is plenty of time before the final issue will have to be decided. Now, I would like to just lay a claim for myself be- 18, Sept. 18 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 15 fore you for just a moment. It is a good many months 00 ago that I stood before you and gave to you my view of the junior high school system as it is being inaugurated Is in the City of Chicago. I tried to lay emphasis on the GREENE'S I fact that what I was referring to was the sort of a junior 230-234 So. Michigan Boulevard DR high school system that is being presented to us, but I had Near Jackson no reference to certain other systems in some other cities, High Quality Merchandise No Exorbitant Prices especially the smaller ones. I told you then that its dwhole purpose was that of classification, a classification An Opportunity 2 of children on lines akin to the Hindoo caste system and that the intelligence test was an abomination, (Applause) to Save $75 to $600 12 and was being used to effect that purpose . I went before the Chicago Board of Education and 6 submitted to them the views upon that question as de- veloped by the organizations that I represent, advised Fur Coats them of where our investigations had been made, and of Quality and Style 1 what we learned, and in that discussion I expressed our opinion regarding the so-called intelligence test, at least $ 125 to $ 1,000 the group test as used in the public schools elsewhere and as being then used in some of our high schools here in Smart Raccoon Coats, fox Chicago. The Superintendent of Schools when given trimmed; Silver Muskrat Coats, my statement by the School Board with instructions to Hudson Seal Coats, Golden give them an answer to it, replied, in substance "What Muskrat Coats, trimmed Sealine the speaker has said of the intelligence test is none too Coats, and many other furs too 1 strong." numerous to mention. コ Did you read the papers day before yesterday? 3 VOICES : Yes . SPECIAL DISCOUNT I MR. OLANDER : They have secretly, so they 10% off regular say, and then publish it (laughter) applied an alleged prices for Teachers intelligence test to all of those in the so-called junior high 1 schools; not high schools in any sense of the word. For what purpose? For the purpose of classification, and all this is to be without the knowledge of the children or their parents. 1 Intelligence Tests To All Teachers! Now, you know children, and so do I. Why, the CHRISTMAS GREETING CARDS way the school authorities are going at it is worse than if We are desirous of adding a few more intelligent men they explained every detail to every boy and girl they and women to our sales force to sell personal, in- apply it to. There will be conjecture of all kinds. Every dividual, monogramed Christmas cards during their youngster that gets into a quarrel with another youngster spare moments. will suddenly find out something about the meaning of this We have the most beautiful and lowest priced line of intelligence test as applied to the fellow he is having the cards in the country, and we pay a most liberal and unusually large commission. Samples are furnished to argument with (laughter) . Not even the imagination of you free, and you are under no obligation whatsoever. some of our school heads will be able to equal that of Come in at your earliest convenience and look over the youngsters when they get started on this question. our samples and prices. (Applause). I am reminding you of that because more THE PROCESS ENGRAVING CO . than a year ago, a year and a half ago, and even before 209 S. State St. Chicago, Ill. that when this issue first appeared on the horizon of our school system here, when there was hesitancy on the part of a great many people to discuss the question, I went to work and threw my whole office into the job for weeks to MYRLE DRESSMAKING SHOPPE discover the meaning of it, because I felt that if the Fed- MYRTLE TAUBER, Proprietress DRESSMAKING AND REMODELING eration of Labor has a duty to perform of value it is Silks , cloth, flannel and challis made to your measure from your certainly that of protecting the children of the city. (Ap- material . Moderate Prices. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO TEACHERS plause) . -Making it convenient for them to do business with us. Much as grown men and women need to be safe- $12 to $15 Room 1626 Stevens Bldg., 17 N. State Cent. 6012 guarded they remain with us but a short time as compared with the children. Our hairs soon turn gray, and the time is not distant when we pass on. But the boys and girls come forever trooping forward. And I felt it was MARGARET A. LYNCH the duty of our organizations, when others couldn't ad- vise the people definitely on the question of the proposed COURT REPORTER school change, to go out over our broad land and seek 1301 Ashland Block information upon it. And what we found was such as to cause me to feel that I was justified in making the ac- 155 N. Clark Dearborn 5728 cusations that I did, and now comes the evidence that we Page 16 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 were right. More than a year ago I warned you against Now Is the Time to Select Your what took place in the Junior High Schools day before Fur Coat yesterday. And as I say, we have a right to expect folks Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at to listen to us when we issue warnings in these school sit- uations. STAEDTER'S 17 N. State St. We have been proven right time and time again, not 1302 Stevens Bldg. because we exceed others in intelligence, but because it happens to be our particular duty to keep ourselves posted on questions of this kind, and also because we have the CommercialArt School facilities to learn about these things. and Now, I don't feel that I am standing here arguing VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION ILLUSTRATION, with the Chicago Teachers Federation. You always hit the right path without anybody telling you what to COSTUME DESIGN Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering and Design do. I will tell you why I am here. Today is the Day, Half-Day, Evening and Saturday Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago busiest day of the year for me, except one-next Monday will exceed all others. Today is the day before I leave for the city in which our annual convention is held. Mon- day will be the first day of the convention. Ordinarily, If You Want a Good Shingle Bob I couldn't leave my desk for a moment, and yet here I or Permanent Marcel Wave am talking and talking at some length. Why ? For Come in and see us ! the reason that it was suggested to me that I had better JOSEPH P. MARTIN stay away. (Applause) . It wasn't said in so many 1016 Stevens Bldg. words, but the implication was very clear. And so I am CENT. 1216 DEAR. 6542 here out of respect for myself. (Applause) . Can Trust Teachers' Federation 17 No. 912 I feel that the Teachers Federation can be relied upon STATE Stevens Bldg. not only to do the right thing for the teachers, but also 10% RADCLIFFE The Largest Range of for the children and the citizens generally. (Applause) . I had occasion to visit the Mayor's office with Miss BOOT SHOP ShoeSizes Haley and Mr. Fitzpatrick, President of the Chicago Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP. inthe City. Federation of Labor, and Mr. Nockels, its Secretary, to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes, 22to 12;Widths, some days ago, and the case was presented there Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE "Stylish Stout Outsides" MISS HALEY: And Mr. English. MR . OLANDER : Yes, and Mr. English-shall I say, of the Board of Education or the Typographical MILLINERY SUPPLIES Union-I like the Typographical Union best was there AT LOW COST along with us. And the case was presented there-I think I am right in saying about as I have presented it Large stock of Buckram Frames, Buckram, Willow here. Isn't that correct ? Net, Glue, Needles, Joinees, Wires, Silks, Velvets, MR . ENGLISH. Yes . Flowers, Feathers, Ornaments, Laces, Malines, and all MR . FITZPATRICK : Yes . necessary materials to make hats. MISS HALEY : Yes . Materials Cut Straight or Bias MR . OLANDER : I want to say this in conclu- Making Instructions Free sion: I am convinced that we have had a turn for the better in our Board of Education. Without condemning MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . anyone that has gone before, I believe the recent changes 906 Stevens Building 17 N. State St. brought about a condition where it will be possible to get a clear understanding in that Board as to just what the motives and purposes of this organization are, and that those motives and those purposes are going to meet with sympathetic attention there. I think it is more than a hope on my part, because I have seen evidences that 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago justify that hope, unless some of those who work behind HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING the scenes can step in as they have done at other times are the natural result of and mislead those upon the Board of Education into a CONGESTED BLOOD misunderstanding of what your purposes are. In order -as are many other ailments. If YOUR school day wears on you -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if to avoid that we have to keep our actions as much as we you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the can before the public, and get the people to meet with one ELECTREAT You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes. another as frequently as possible. NOT A MEDICINE . I want to express this very earnest hope as a last word : Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given There are two other organizations of school teachers a free demonstration at home- no obligation that are very close to me here in this city-the Women High School Teachers' Federation and the Men Teach- ELECTREAT CO . ers' Federation. What ever differences there may be be- 39 W. Adams St. Wab. 0598 tween the Chicago Teachers Federation and those organi- zations I believe could easily be ironed out if a little time Sept. 18, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 17 02 and patience were given to it, by getting together with Det each other once in a while, and I am sure it is your pur- pose to do that, and I feel the others will meet you more than half way in that respect. There is a danger in showing division. Appearances in some quarters now might lead the uninitiated to be- lieve that there are those who would sacrifice anything for a dollar increase in wages, and who are willing to re- main silent upon the platoon system and everything else if a little more salary would be given to some of them. I To All don't believe that anyone in the three organizations that I have named would be guilty of taking a position of Chicago that kind. Yet if we stay too far apart it may be that School Teachers those who want to see us divided would make us believe Of course you are interested in having 1 that of each other . your feet comfortable, as you cannot get the ! full enjoyment out of life, if your feet hurt. Then, I believe the purposes of all of them are of the very too-we have noticed that comfortable shoes play highest; their motives are of the best, and I think that a most important part to a person's physical well they look upon this situation much the same as you do, being. Therefore we recommend SOCKET- FIT but unfortunately now, because we have not gotten close SHOES as the logical solution for your foot enough together, there is a difference of expression that troubles . has caused folks to believe that there is a real difference So many good things are said about all cor- of opinion between us. I don't believe that they are any rective shoes, that we are not going to dwell upon the merits of SOCKET- FIT'S-but we would ap- more willing or any more ready to walk into a trap than preciate your giving us the time to try a pair of you are. (Applause) . And I am mighty sure that these wonderful shoes on. Then you be the judge. nobody is going to get you into a trap, especially where D. C. LOCKE'S a tax question is involved. (Applause) . THE PRESIDENT : Now, I am sure that we In the Formerly have had the most excellent advice, and we are very Lobby SOCKET FIT the grateful to these speakers. (Applause.) In the wings ofthe College is another member of the Board of Education. I don't Shops SHOE STORE Boot know whether he is coming in or not. Bldg. Shop 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE A VOICE : Who is he ? ILLINOIS CHICAGO. THE PRESIDENT : Don't be so curious . Wait till he comes in. Mr. Coath entered. (Applause) . THE PRESIDENT: Now, that is more applause JUST WHAT YOU WANT:- than you gave Miss Haley and myself and all the rest. if there are gentlemen here- -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of Ladies and gentlemen this is Mr. Coath, a member of the Board of Education. value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated (Applause) . message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your subscription will be welcomed. $2.00 per year-20c Statement by Mr. Coath per copy. Send stamps for sample copy. Remember MR . COATH : Madam Chairman and friends (ap- it's the- plause) : You know, when I was a little bit of a fellow, a good many years ago, down in my home town, it was ALL- ARTS MAGAZINE really considerable of an honor and a pleasure to have Published by ALL-ARTS COMPANY, INC. people say, especially the boys, "Now you lay off of 63 E. Adams St., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. him, he is one of our gang." Well, as we get along a little further in life and we have to take on little public affairs , and we get into this perfectly marvelous institu- tion, the Board of Education (laughter) , why, we have to do away with a lot of those little home things ; we KING BEAUTY SHOP have to correct our English as best we can because you Quality Service at a Reasonable Price Permanent Waving a Specialty know a little error in English immediately condemns you SATISFACTION GUARANTEED with the Holy of Holies. Oh, absolutely. (Laughter) . So the nearest I can come to being human, being just Phone 219 Mallers Bldg. DEArborn 5120 5 So. Wabash what I tried to be all my life and take on this new as- sumed atmosphere is to call you friends. That is good English. (Laughter) . I am inclined to feel as though I occupy the same posi- Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. tion with each and every one of you that I thought was on hand Remodeling and Repairing a wonderful privilege back with those boys in Philadel- New Coats Made to Order phia. I feel I am one of you . And I have not used a 501 Capitol Building slang word (Laughter) . State and Randolph Central 6049 There is a real satisfaction in coming here today. I Established 1879 can come to you sincerely because I have nothing to sell. Page 18 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18, 1925 There are no favors I am asking. I can look each and licott (Applause) , a man whom I am willing to come every one of you straight in the eyes and say to you that before you and vouch for, a fair man and a just man it is a great satisfaction to find that we have in Chicago and a man that you can depend upon to guide that ship and especially in the much condemned school system in the way it should be guided. Give him all the help you Chicago some human beings who are not willing to sacri- can (Applause) . And, maybe maybe we might fice their fellow man and their fellow neighbor for the have to let the winter pass, a matter of 21 months more, almighty dollar. (Applause) . but then the sun will shine (Applause) . * * ** As we go through life we may have many purposes and we may aspire to many things. We each have our MISS HALEY : If there are any more loose around own particular ideas of what constitutes the best thing here and want to come up on the platform, the platform to do. Some seek wealth. Others seek prominence. But is yours. However, we told the members of the Board that if there is One that we must give an accounting to when all of our work is finished. That is the great Creator. We they wished to come to the meeting and hear from the committee that visited the Mayor, the representatives of have our choice of worship, we have our various forms organized labor on the Board of Education and off and of worship, we are told about the Big Book. I think your representative, to hear directly how they put that if there is one thing that will get any of us in heaven it is consideration and fairness to our fellow man. (Ap- question, that no one was going to ask them to speak unless they desired to do so. plause) . I assured President Ellicott that we would not try to Entrusted to you teachers is the greatest duty placed put him on record and that was not the purpose of the before any profession, namely, that of moulding the invitation. He told me yesterday if he could possibly characters of the future men and women of this great come he would be here. I understand he is leaving the community. You cannot mould them with the three R's . city tomorrow morning for his vacation. You have got to place something else there. You have The Board of Education works while you rest and got to sow the seed in their minds. It is what you radiate then it rests when you work. So it is starting on its vaca- that they absorb and which becomes a part of their lives. tion tomorrow morning. The Board of Education will It is true that no one can take the place of a mother. not meet again until the 14th of October. So that no I think next to the mother in forming the character of a question can be decided in connection with this salary child comes his teacher. And if our teachers are sincere matter until that date at least, if then. So that it will not with themselves, if they have that consideration for their be rushed through. fellow man, they are bound to radiate that into the lives (Miss Haley's statement on salaries will be found of these boys and girls. I want to compliment you. on pages 6 and 7. ) I want to thank you. I am glad you all live in Chi- cago. I am glad none of you come from New York . REBUILT TYPEWRITERS (Laughter and Applause) . Guaranteed One Year AT REDUCED PRICES We hear of three things that make New York. One All Makes Including Portables-Cash, or on Time Also Rentals Rent Applied on Purchase is its seaport. The next thing they talk about is their MORROW -ALWARD TYPEWRITER EXCHANGE Wall Street with its beginning at the graveyard and its 6 West Randolph Street Phone State 7539 ending in the East River. And those that start, finish and come back where they started. We people in the West, this young city, are held up SUPERFLUOUS HAIR as a mercenary, shiftless class of people by the ultra-ultra Can positively be forever destroyed. of the holy of holies, (laughter) who come out here to re- I have been in business for many years form us and give us culture (Laughter and applause) , And I Guarantee My Work at 150 per cent increase in salary over the best they ever MARTHA B. DOWDY received there ( Laughter and Applause) . Dearborn 5397 Madison and Wabash No Apprentices . Not a Beauty School. There never was a cloud that was so dark that it didn't have a silver lining. And I am here to bring one message to you whom I count my friends. I want you NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART to take it away with you. It is not as dark as it might Our spare time courses offer oppor- tunity to Chicago teachers for art appear to be. It looks pretty dark, but thank God we training in its practical, as well as cultural phases . have got now as a leader in the Board of Education in Galleries Curriculum Includes the Presidency, Mr. Edward B. Ellicott, or Colonel El- open day Nude Life, Portraiture, Illustration, and eve- Design, Commercial Fundamentals , In- ning. Illus- terior Decoration, Glassware, Wooden- trated ware, Lamp Shade, Furniture Decorat- MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN catalog on ing. Day , Evening, Saturday, Sunday request and Home Study Courses . NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publishe Proctor M. Fiske, Director PELOUZE BLDG. , 230 EAST OHIO STREET MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year . Single copies , 15 MARINELLO Cents. LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Approved Beauty Shop ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of Everything in Beauty Culture Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor , Suite 1335, American Operator Suite 602 Stewart Bldg 108 N. State Bond and Mortgage Bldg . , 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 Phone Central 3904 Sept. 18, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 19 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. NO CLASSES Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping pare you so well , that much better results will be obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer . By Practical Teachers Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, Beginning and Advanced and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances . Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work , Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach . school in which you teach. Shorthand Coach School MYRTLE M. VOSS 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg. , 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave. , Chicago, Ill . 431 S. Wabash Ave. Telephones Wabash 3732 , Harr. 2420 Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays , all year. Chicago, Ill . Omoss Make Your PROMOTIONAL at CREDITS Easanstyle BUSH CONSERVATORY The Unfailing Formula 839 North Dearborn St. for Foot Comfort Special Classes for Teachers There IS a shoe among our varied and well- at Convenient hours after school and on chosen styles of pleasing dignity that will keep Saturdays in your feet both comfortably and handsomely dressed. Public School Music For Men and Women Methods and Materials for Grades and $8 to $ 15 Junior High School, Harmony, Theory, Ap- preciation, Voice Classification, Conducting. Private Lessons 10 % Discount to School Teachers in all branches of Music, Expression, Dramatic Art, Languages One promotional credit is granted by Board of Education for 40 hours of class work or 40 private lessons in Music, and for 54 hours in Expression and Languages Send for free catalog to T. F. Schwenker, Secretary, TheronN- Ellings 839 N. Dearborn St., Phone Superior 8700 80 E. Randolph St. SPARE TIME ART COURSES Briefs , Records, Trust Deeds Many of us do not realize what can be accomplished Confidential Reports in SPARE TIME IN ART-do you ? Monday- Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9 :30 also Satur- A day and Sunday Classes in ART. Possibly we have BARNARD &MILLER just the course you have always longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, interior decoration, com- Law & Commercial Printers mercial art, illustration or ?? 172 N. La Salle STREET // CHICAGO TelephoneFranklin 0562 Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses -- Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART Price Lists 306 S. Wabash Ave. , Dept. M Chicago, Ill. "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School Page 20 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 18 , 1925 Twenty-Second Annual Announcement We are beginning our twenty-second year Check Up on Our Results I. IN YOUR SCHOOL how many of III . IN YOUR SCHOOL, perhaps your the teachers whom you know prepared with own principal is one of our instructors . us ? If you have never been one of our pupils , inquire around. In some schools you will IV. IN YOUR SCHOOL, how many find that more than half of your fellow- of your teachers have passed the principals' teachers have been our pupils. In most schools, nearly half. As you read this, you examinations or the promotional, or have ad- are one of 5,000 to 6,000 teachers, former vanced from elementary to junior or senior pupils of ours, who are also reading it. high while you have been marking time ? II . IN YOUR SCHOOL, perhaps your COMMENT : Most of the prominent principal or assistant principal, or both, pre- pared with us. We think that nearly half educators in the Chicago system have pre- of the principals and assistant principals in pared with us. Check up this assertion your- Chicago have studied with us. self and you will find it to be absolutely true. Have You Passed All ExaminationsforWhich You Are Qualified? If not, why not begin preparing this term? Every year that you delay is a year lost, that you might be drawing an increased salary, while some one else is enjoying a position which you are just as well, perhaps better qualified to fill. You are drifting. WHITHER ? A Principal's Examination is About Due. How many fellow teachers of yours have made the effort, passed the examination, and are now principals ? Begin preparing. HAVE YOU PASSED YOUR PROMOTIONAL ? ARE YOU QUALIFIED FOR JUNIOR OR SENIOR HIGH ? Our Discount Rates Expire September 18. Our Last Term's Regular Rates, $10 more than discount rates, expire Oct. 1 . SPECIAL : Our New Increased rates will be in effect Oct. 1. These rates will be from $ 10 to $20 more than they have ever been in the past. We are giving you warn- ing in this announcement and we shall repeat it in the postal which we are mailing. If you want the benefit of our courses at the old discount rate, you must enroll before September 18. For any special information, call Miss Nessy, Dearborn 2604. THE CULTURAL REVIEW SCHOOL , 159 NO . STATE ST . O. M. Heath, Principal. Miss Beatrice Nessy, Secretary. To Our Former Pupils: Will you tell some teacher outside of Chicago about our correspondence courses ? ALSO , IF YOU HAVE A FRIEND INTENDING TO ENTER NORMAL, TELL THAT FRIEND THAT WE PREPARE. U. S. POSTAGE ,195 5 2c. PAID 11 / ROC 13'2 ALI O KHO A CHICAGO, ILLINOIS ΜΗ Ν PERMIT No. 3663 n VOL . NO . III Margaret Haley's 2 Chicago, Ill . 341 Sept. 30, 1925 " What Is the Matter with Teaching ? " By JOHN DEWEY (Reprinted from October, 1925, Delineator) HE further away one is from children and T from the only place where education takes place, the direct contact of mind and mind, the greater is the probability that one will be an educational authority and looked up to with re- spect and envy. In the name of scientific administration and close supervision, the initiative and freedom of the actual teacher are more and more curtailed . By means of achievement and mental tests carried on from the central office, of a steadily issuing stream of dictated typewritten com- munications , of minute and explicit syllabi of instruction , the teacher is reduced to a living phonograph . In the name of centralization of responsi- bility and of efficiency and even science, every- thing possible is done to make the teacher into a servile rubber stamp. (Other excerpts from this article appear in this Bulletin.) Page 22 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 Promotional Credits at CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President A Conservatory Pledged to the Highest Artistic Standard FALL TERM NOW OPEN Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago Public School Teachers , leading to Promotional Credits in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orchestral Instruments. Tuition- Private Lessons-Piano $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $ 1.50 to $ 15.00 per lesson. Students completing 40 private lesson periods earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1½ credit CARL D. KINSEY, Manager Complete Catalog on Request 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET 60thYear (ChicagoMusical College Building) Cantilever Shoe formenn Teachers especially neat rounded toes in- appreciate the Canti- sure correct posture. lever shoe, because it Every teacher owes means easy comfort when standing, and it to herself to try a Youthful Frocks and Coats makes walking a pair of these wonder- ful shoes . Hundreds Ultra Individual in Design for pleasant exercise in- School-Street-Afternoon-Evening stead of a trial . are wearing them now New modes presented here simultaneously as shown in The flexible shank and enjoying our New York shop perfect comfort . We extend discount courtesy and charge accounts gives gentle support to the arch, and the See our special Special features arranged for Saturday shopping announced to teachers by mail well-shaped heels and hosiery offer below. Fill out and mail this coupon: Name 3 Chicago Address Stores FREE ! - To teachers LOOP who have not 3rd Floor, ButlerBldg. yet worn Canti- 162 N. State St. levers - a $2.00 BettyWales Shops 65-67 E. MadisonSt. Wilson Ave. at Sheridan UPTOWN 1050 Leland Ave. WOODLAWN pair of guaran- teed silk hose . BRING THIS AND IN EVANSTON-ORRINGTON HOTEL 6410 Cottage Grove COUPON New York Shop at Fifth Ave. and 36th St. Ave. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 2 September 30, 1925 Page 23 " What is the Matter With Teaching ? ” John Dewey in October Delineator Our attention is called by The Council Reporter of gives speed, and speed alone enables her to get over the Chicago High School Teachers' Council to an the ground that she is required to cover. article, " What Is the Matter With Teaching ? " by Human beings were not constructed to operate like John Dewey in the October number of The Delineator. machines ; they need more leeway and variety of action. As a diagnosis of what ails the elementary teachers, Hence the teacher is under constant nervous strain from the article is a marvelous revelation of the chronic ills the abnormality of her life. The type of nervous which have beset the elementary schools in general and fatigue and overstrain which marks the school is as the Chicago schools in particular. This chronic condi- easily recognizable as that found in the over-driven fac- tion has reached an acute and dangerous stage in tory worker. Chicago. In the teacher it goes deeper and leaves behind it a We recommend that every teacher get the October great organic irritability. For the factory hand is only Delineator, read the article and pass it on to some parent working against machines. The school hand is work- who wants to know. ing against other human beings who also rebel against being treated as machines. The strain and irritation is more than doubled. Then the teacher looks for the Following are several extracts from it : first chance to escape from the treadmill. The vicious "In the big cities, they [ elementary circle keeps on. * * * ** * * schools ] are, by and large, big scholastic fac- tories, efficiently managed for the American Colorless intellectual conformity, blank vacuousness, commercial specialty-mass production of is the estate to which the teacher is called. Even in standardized products at low cost. her amusements and what is commonly called "social **** * * * life, " the teacher must be not only blameless and cir- cumspect, but neutral and subservient. Consciously and "Consider first the conditions with which teaching still more by unconscious selection and elimination, the is surrounded. It is a commonplace of those scientific teaching profession is insured against the presence of principles to which allusion was made at the outset that vigorous, many-sided and rich personalities, from whom no two children are alike, that no two learn in just the alone something positive and constructive might be ex- same way, or are, strictly speaking, capable of being pected. compared, measured and graded on a basis of just quantity, more and less. Nevertheless the number of The ever-thickening wall which divides the class- room teacher and the administrative officer is another pupils to a teacher may average anywhere above thirty- six, this being regarded as about the lowest number sign of the degraded esteem in which the elementary under most favorable conditions. Consequently quantity teacher is held. When the community thinks with some degree of respect and honor of an "educator, " it is the becomes the controlling consideration. The teacher is principal and superintendent who is thought of. Within compelled to instruct in batches and on a basis of the system promotion and increase of pay are almost uniformity. Everything tends automatically to lock- equivalents of getting out of teaching and into that pro- step treatment in teaching and discipline. To cover so fessional mystery termed administration. much ground with every pupil, to have each one go * * * * * * * through as nearly as possible the same motions as every other, is the same thing as to discourage originality and Finally, let us bear in mind that all conditions are depress individuality. at the worst in elementary schools. A large part of What if the teacher believes in encouraging indepen- even the educated part of the community is still under dent thought and creative impulse ? The pressure of cir- the shadow of the old belief that anybody who is in pos- cumstances gives her no opportunity; she is forced to session of his five senses and who has himself or herself fall in line; she is a part of the machine. Uniformity (Continued on Page 38.) Page 24 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 From the Masthead by The Lookout And I honor the man who is willing to sink Half his present repute for the freedom to think, And, when he has thought, be his cause strong or weak, Will risk t'other half for the freedom to speak, Caring naught for what vengeance the mob has in store, Let that mob be the upper ten thousand or lower. -Lowell. To the Teachers of Chicago: "Let anny one vote but let me count the ballot." Says Mr. Dooley Only 36 per cent of the total 11,816 letter asked the principal to fill in the form teachers in the schools voted for the salary at the bottom of the letter and to mail it to schedule presented to the teachers by the the Principals' Club not later than 1:30 P. principals, Thursday, September 24, at the M., Thursday, September 24. This form request of the President of the Principals' contained a blank for recording four items. Club, Mr. George A. Beers. This result is shown by the "official" count which Mr. The Bulletin containing the " official count Beers gave to the press at the meeting of the which Mr. Beers gave to the newspapers Principals' Club Saturday, September 26. last Saturday contains the result of the bal- His Bulletin to the press is printed on lot on only two items, namely, the number another page in this issue. voting "Yes " and the number voting "No. " The other two items on the form, namely the An official of the Principals' Club stated number of teachers present, and the number last Saturday that the result of the ballot was not voting were not given to the newspapers . not satisfactory due to the haste necessary to The Proceedings of the board, July 22, prevent Margaret Haley and the Teachers' 1925 , page 105, show there were 12,126 Federation from reaching the teachers be- fore the ballot was taken. teachers (including principals) in the schools in June, 1925. Deducting the 300 Many teachers who were opposed to the principals and 10 district superintendents salary schedule were so indignant at the un- leaves 11,816 teachers . American suppression of discussion that they left the room without voting, or they Mr. Beers' own figures, in his "official" cast blank ballots to indicate their double count, given to the Press Saturday, show opposition to the salary schedule and to the that of the 11,816 teachers in the schools, methods adopted to "put it over. " only 4,352 voted "Yes. " The remaining 7,461 teachers, nearly two-thirds of the total A photographic reproduction of Mr. in the schools, voted "No," or cast a blank Beers' letter of September 24 to the Princi- ballot, or did not vote at all. Mr. Beers' pals is printed on the opposite page. That Bulletin is printed on page 26. Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 25 I challenge the president of the Chicago 1. Number of teachers in school principals club to send to every school for 2. Number voting "Yes " 3. Number voting " No" inspection of the teachers the written com- 4. Number not voting ments and figures of every principal (opposite 5. Number blank ballots cast the name of the school) as reported to the Pricipals' Club , Saturday, September 26 , 1925, and after the name of each school, these items; Morjenta. Haly (Photographic Reproduction) The Chicago Principals' Club 315 Plymouth Court September 24 , 1925 . To the Principal : - The newspapers have published statements that the teachers are opposed to having the Board of Education approve the salary schedule which the Board of Education adopted last May . Please call your teachers together on Thursday morning at recess or noon and without any discussion take a secret ballot on the following question : - " Do you wish the Board of Education to adopt the salary schedule which is now before it ? " Have each teacher bring a pencil to the meeting . Prepare your ballots before the meeting . The principal and two teachers will count the ballots . The principals will not vote . Kindly fill in the form below and mail to the Club Rooms not later than 1:30 P. M. Thursday . May I urge your most careful co - operation in this exceed- ingly important matter ? I have taken up the matter with the superintendent of schools who gave the necessary permission for the canvass . I am enclosing a copy of the schedule for teachers . Sincerely yours , G. A. BEERS , President . School . Result of the ballot on the question " Do you wish the Board of Education to adopt the salary schedule which is now before it ? " Yes No The name of the School must be given . Not voting Teachers present. Preserve this copy of the Bulletin and read this page in connection with the printed "slip" sent to each prin- cipal with the above letter. A photographic reproduc- tion of this "slip" will appear in the next issue. Page 26 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 Beers ' Bulletin to Newspapers on Result of Teachers ' Ballot Given Out at Principals' Club Meeting September 26, 1925 Saturday, Sept. 26, 1925 . the principal. The directions provided that ballots be Under date of September 5, the newspapers carried prepared in advance. Teachers were simply asked to mark a cross on their ballot. It was asked that no dis- a story about a delegation, which, purporting to repre- sent 11,000 Chicago teachers, visited the Mayor and cussion be allowed anyone because it was felt that made a protest against the adoption of Superintendent everyone must have long since crystallized his or her McAndrew's salary schedule now pending before the opinion, for the matter has been pending since the Board Board of Education. adopted the schedule last April, five months ago . In an effort to determine whether Chicago's teachers An inquiry has been made among a large sampling of are opposed to the Superintendent's salary schedule, the principals, and it shows that the directions for ballotting President of the Principals' Club decided to conduct were lived up to in every instance. No principal could a city-wide poll of the elementary, junior high, and possibly know how any individual teacher voted. Two senior high school teachers simultaneously. This was teachers and the principal acted as tellers. No poll done on September 24. The request by the Principals' could have been fairer. Club president for the vote, was a complete surprise to Not all the schools have reported their vote, but fol- both principals and teachers. (Letter of instructions is lowing are the results to date : attached hereto.) RESULT OF THE CITY- WIDE POLL OF In order not to violate School Board Rules, the per- TEACHERS mission of the Superintendent was obtained, as shown No ofTeachers Percent of Teachers in the following letter : For Against For Against 257 elementary schools 3310 2887 53.4% 46.6 % Mr. George Beers , 17 senior high schools 940 222 81% 19% President , Principals' Club, 102 16 5 junior high schools 86% 14% Dear Sir: 11 % of the elementary, 3 % of the junior high, You ask for permission to have the prin- and 8 % of the senior high teachers did not vote. (If cipals canvass the teachers to ascertain how many teachers are for, and how many are authorized by the Club members in the meeting today, against the salary schedule now before the the results of the vote in each individual school may be Board of Education . printed in the Principals' Club Reporter. ) No objection. These figures show that anyone who purports to be It would be interesting to know, although, speaking for the Chicago teachers is not speaking in as has been emphasized from the start , the their behalf if he or she argues against Superintendent salary schedule has been designed to indi- cate costs to be paid for the different grades McAndrew's salary schedule. On the basis of returns of service , and does not depend on whether from 257 schools, such a person could rightfully claim we, in different grades , want the specified to speak for only 2887 elementary teachers, 222 senior salaries or not . high teachers , and 16 junior high teachers. Even WM. McANDREW. among the elementary teachers, where the vote was The utmost secrecy was maintained in the ballotting. closest, such person would be representing the wishes At recess or noon the teachers were called together by of a minority only." The Chicago Principals' Club Regular SPECIAL MEETING THE SALARY SITUATION Saturday September 12th, 26 10:00 Α . Μ. Lincoln Room City Club 315 Plymouth Court. An attendance of 100 % would spell success for the schedule . G. A. BEERS, President . Sept. 30 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 27 " Haleyism " in the Schools ! "Haleyism has repeatedly interfered with the Sebree Lease, it should be noted school administration .” here, was made in fulfillment of the -From Editorial "The Teachers Protest Again" . terms of its contract with the Tribune TRIBUNE , Sept. 14, 1925 . Company under which the Tribune transferred its school land lease and On May 21 , 1924, the Board of Education received a communication from the Union Trust Company, recent building at the corner of State and Mad- purchaser of the infamous Tribune Lease of School land ison Streets to the Union Trust Company. at the corner of Dearborn and Madison. (P. 134, Not only does that contract provide that Proceedings ) . This communication asked the Board the Union Trust Company should seek to have the revaluation clause stricken to strike out the ten-year revaluation clause in the lease of school land, known as the Sebree Lease, lying south from the Sebree School land lease, or in of and adjoining the Tribune site ; or, if the Board would lieu there of an immediate reappraise- not do that, it was asked to agree to have the ground ment of that land, but it contracts to erect on the Sebree site an addition to reappraised at once. The Sebree lease was purchased by the Union Trust Company from the Sebree estate on the Tribune Building conforming in December 15 , 1923 , the same date on which the Union every respect with specifications laid Trust Company acquired the Tribune lease and build- down in the contract entered into with ing from the Tribune Company. The amount of the the Tribune on December 15, 1923 . consideration involved in the transfer of these leases was In February, 1925, the date specified in the original not disclosed in the public records of these transactions. Sebree lease, the ten-year reappraisal of the appraisable On July 8, 1924, the communication of the Union school lands in that block was made. (See Chart Be- Trust Company came before the Committee on Build- low.) This reappraisal has been carried into the ing and Grounds of the Board of Education. The courts by all the leaseholders, including the Union Trust Committee refused to agree to the proposal that the re- Company, where it will probably remain for another valuation clause be stricken from the Sebree lease. The seven years as has been the case in the past with pre- Committee did recommend, however, that the Board of vious reappraisals. Education comply with the request for an immediate re- "Haleyism" Interferes. appraisement. This would be nearly a year in advance The "Haleyism " which the Tribune's recent editorial of the ten-year appraisement date specified in the Sebree says "has repeatedly interfered with school administra- lease. tion" did not end with this first protest. On June 2, 1925 , all the leaseholders in the Tribune block whose Miss Haley Protests. school lands had been reappraised, were scheduled to On July 9, 1924, the day on which the Committee's appear before the Finance Committee of the Board of recommendation favoring an immediate reappraisement Education to protest against these reappraisements. was to be voted on by the Board of Education, Miss There was no record that the Board of Education had Haley, acting on legal advice that compliance with the ascertained the consideration for which the Tribune and request of the Union Trust Company would be a viola- Sebree leases had been transferred to the Union Trust tion of the terms of the Sebree lease which might result Company. On June 1 , 1925 , the day before the hear- in invalidating the lease, protested on behalf of the ing at which the leaseholders were scheduled to appear Chicago Teachers' Federation against the Board's tak- before the Finance Committee, Miss Haley transmitted ing any action that might endanger the terms of the to that Committee a photographic reproduction of the original Sebree lease. This communication of protest re- secret 65 -page contract entered into between the Tri- quested also that no consideration be given any request bune Company and the Union Trust Company in De- of the Union Trust Company until that company re- cember, 1923 . vealed the amount paid by it for the Sebree lease and This 65-page contract, which Miss Haley also for the Tribune lease on the adjoining school land. furnished to the Board of Education for its The communication of the President of the Board of Education, H-9263 , transmitting to the Board the pro- guidance in safeguarding the Sebree lease of school lands, shows that the Union Trust test made' Federation, Teachers by Miss Haley on behalf is printed of the on Page Chicago Company contracted to pay the Tribune Com- 4, Proceed- pany $301,789.20 a year for the next 60 ings of the Board for July 9, 1924. The protest itself years for the Tribune's lease of the school which is herehas neverinbeen printed full. printed in theofBoard As a result Proceedings this protest, how- ground and the Tribune Building. That building is assessed by the assessors at a full ever, as the President's letter shows, also printed here, the report recommending concurrence in the request of value of $ 1,100,000. The document shows the Union Trust Company for an immediate reappraise- that the Union Trust Company will pay to ment was sent back to the Committee on Building and the Board of Education $47,640.50 a year Grounds where it still remains. It was also referred to rental for the next 60 years for the Tribune the Board's Attorney. site, and, in addition, will pay to the Tribune Company $301,789.20 annually. This con- The request of the Union Trust Com- tract is evidence of the value of the school pany that the Board of Education strike land in that block, and the 10-year re- out the ten-year revaluation clause in appraisal was about due . Page 28 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 Interference Irritates Tribune. checks were held up this week owing to the Evidence of this most recent interference of "Haley- inefficiency ofthe payroll machinery installed ism" with school administration, namely, Miss Haley's by Messrs. Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., letter transmitting the photographic reproduction of this with the approval of the Chicago Tribune, suppressed contract between the Tribune Company and for the purpose of checking on the integrity the Union Trust Company, appears in the printed pro- of teachers. That editorial, read in the light ceedings of the Board of Education of June 24, 1925, of the facts here stated and substantiated in page 1651. That letter (Exhibit "A" below) and the proceedings of the Board of Education, the photographic reproduction of the contract were re- reveals itself for what it is a wail from the ferred to the Finance Committee of the Board where pocket nerve of the World's Greediest News- they appear to be reposing peacefully, a concrete cor- paper. roboration of the "interference" which the Tribune Had the teachers learned to "protest" finds so irritating. thirty years ago before the revaluation clause was stricken from the Tribune's school land The Tribune contract, interpreted in terms of Tribune Towers, reveals that the school lease at a midnight session of a Board of children of Chicago in the next 60 years will Education of which the Tribune's Attorney build for the Tribune two Eight Million Dol- was the President, the Tribune would not be lars Towers . thrown into an editorial panic, as it now is, Read the recent Tribune editorial against every time the ghost of the Tribune Lease teachers' protests, you teachers whose pay stalks . DEARBORN ST . 104 30 46 ' 40 C.FCrilly JournalSaratoga Jas.K TribuneBuilding Bldg Hotel Sebree /// $80 $292866 $45호 66 The remainder of This is the last the square mile was unsold block of the sold " for a song" by MONROE MADISON MoVicher'sTheatre the Boards of Educa- original square mile of school land be- Majestic Theatre tion years ago - be- tween State, Madi- 428 457ΑΣ fore teachers learned son, Dearborn and to protest. ST Halsted streets. ST . . 10022 1082 Stumer 104 ROSENTHAL S.R. Mackin Otis 125 and /////and//// Estate Estate - E. $ #12 ECKSTEIN 109 Nor $5822 1101 1 $8028 ... 24 STATE ST. The block in detail now held by the Board of Education. The unshaded area ( white) represents leaseholds containing revaluation clauses. The figures in those white spaces show the value per square foot according to the appraisement made in 1905 only ten years after the revaluation clause was stricken from the Tribune's lease. This 1905 ap- praisement (of the white spaces) ) is double their 1895 appraisement. The shaded area represents leaseholds having straight 99-year leases without revaluation clauses. The figures show the value per square foot ( made about 1895) when these leases were changed and on which the rental to be paid for the next 60 years is based. Exhibit "А". lease of the school land at the corner of Dearborn and Madison, COMMUNICATION IN RE LEASE OF THE CHI- 144 ft. frontage on Dearborn Street, 120 ft. on Madison Street. CAGO TRIBUNE COMPANY-Referred. At the meeting of the Board of Education on July 9, 1924, The Secretary presented the following communication from the President of the Board in Report No. H-9263, transmitted the Chicago Teachers' Federation : to the Board a communication from me regarding the Sebree June 1 , 1925. Lease which was referred to the Attorney and to the Buildings Mr. Julius Smietanka, and Grounds Committee for investigation. Chairman Finance Committee, I submit herewith a copy of the communication which is not Board of Education, Chicago . printed in the proceedings of the Board and again call attention Dear Mr. Smietanka: to its contents and particularly to the paragraph asking that the public be fully advised and informed as to the consideration At the meeting of the Finance Committee last Tuesday, May involved in the acquirement on or about December 15, 1923, by 26, after the Committee voted to hold a meeting to hear the the Union Trust Company of the Sebree lease of school land protests of the holders of leases of school lands in the block adjoining the Tribune site on the south and having a frontage bounded by State, Madison, Dearborn, and Monroe Streets, of 48 ft. on Dearborn Street. against the report of the 1925 appraisement of those lands, now We respectfully submit that these two contracts contain mate- before the Board, I notified the Committee that I would be pres- rial facts that should be known to the Committee and to the ent at the meeting, on behalf of the Chicago Teachers' Federa- public at this time. tion, and present evidence tending to show the value of school Respectfully submitted, lands in that block . CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION . I, therefore, respectfully submit herewith for presentation to the Finance Committee at its meeting June 2, a photographic re- By Margaret A. Haley, production of the contract entered into on December 15, 1923, Business Representative. between the Union Trust Company and the Chicago Tribune Company, in accordance with the terms of which the Chicago On motion of Mr. Greenebaum, the matter was referred to Tribune Company transferred to the Union Trust Company its the Committee on Finance. [Proceedings, June 24, 1925, p. 1651.] 30, 1 Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 29 Exhibit "В" . to validity of the existing lease of the Sebree leasehold and in order nstal COMMUNICATION IN RE SEBREE LEASE further that the public may be fully advised and informed as to es, L REFERRED the amount of consideration the Union Trust Co. in its contract ribe The Secretary presented the following communication from with the Sebree estate agreed on December 15, 1923, to pay the President : to that estate for the 48 ft. frontage of school fund land involved, tem July 9, 1924. the Chicago Teachers' Federation respectfully requests that action eli To the Board of Education of the on this report be deferred until the following pertinent facts may ated City of Chicago : be made a matter of public record : cab Ladies and Gentlemen : I am in receipt of a communication 1. What may be the legal effect of setting forward the om signed by Margaret A. Haley, Business Representative of the date of reappraisement, and might the effect of such a change Ner Chicago Teachers Federation, asking that the Board of Edu- in the date of reappraisement operate to jeopardize the cation take no action on the report of the Building and Grounds rights of the people under the terms of the existing lease ? Committee which is to be presented to the Board today with 2. What was the consideration involved in the acquire- rote reference to the Sebree lease. ment on or about December 15, 1923, by the Union Trust cla I suggest that the communication, together with the report in Co. of the Sebree lease of this 48 ft. of school lands ad- question, be re-referred to the Building and Grounds Committee joining the Tribune site on the south ? and the attorney for investigation. 3. What was the consideration involved in the acquire- Yours very truly, ment by the Union Trust Co. of the Tribune lease of the 3 Con C. M. MODERWELL, school land adjoining this 48 ft on the north ? ot President. We are advised that- W (Excerpt Proceedings Board of Education, Wednesday , July 9 , 1. The full value of the Tribune building as determined AL 1924, page 4. Report H- 9263 . by the board of assessors of Cook county in 1923 was Exhibit "C" . $1,100,000. 2. That an investigation of the terms of the contract PROTEST RE SEBREE LEASE REQUEST (Not Printed in Book's Proceeding ) entered into on December 15, 1923, between the Tribune July 9 , 1924. Company and the Union Trust Company would show that To the Honorable, the Board of Education, the Union Trust Company contracted to pay the Tribune City of Chicago : Company $4,853,650 for its lease of school land and build- Ladies and Gentlemen: In regard to the request of the Union ing adjoining this 48 ft. of school land on Dearborn street. Trust Co. for immediate reappraisement and modification of the 3. That the Union Trust Company has contracted to Sebree lease of the 48 ft. of school land just south of the pay the Tribune Company $301,789.20 a year for the re- Tribune building acquired by the Union Trust Co. on or about maining sixty years of the Tribune's lease . December 15, 1923, the Chicago Teachers' Federation respectfully 4. That this $301,789.20 is a yearly bonus to be paid requests that the Board of Education defer action at your meet- over and above and in addition to the $47,640.50 a year 1 ing today on the report of the committee on buildings and grounds rental which is also to be paid by the Union Trust Company in regard to this request and that no steps be taken by the board to the Board of Education under the terms of the Tribune's to change the terms of the Sebree lease until full opportunity is lease, which the Union Trust Company acquired on De- given to the public to know what effect any such proposed change cember 15, 1923 . may have on the validity of the existing lease. The request of the Union Trust Co. presented to the Board 5. That the 48 ft. of school land south of and adjoining the site of the Tribune building is so involved by reference of Education on May 28, 1924, Report No. D 8949 asked the in the contract entered into between the Tribune Company Board of Education to "Consent to an immediate reappraisement and a modi- and the Union Trust Company on December 15, 1923, that the proposed request of the Union Trust Company for a fication on the lease to permit such present appraisement to change in the terms of the existing Sebree lease of this 48 stand for the terms of the lease as the basis for rental that feet appears to be in fulfillment of that contract. is now provided in the lease." At the meeting of the building and grounds committee held The above are some of the reasons for which the Chicago yesterday, July 8, a motion was adopted recommending that Teachers' Federation requests delay on the report of the building the committee favorably report to the board on the first part of and grounds committee in regard to the Sebree lease and full the request, that is, that the time of the appraisement be set for- investigation of all pertinent facts. ward. Respectfully submitted, In order that the public may be fully advised as to the legal MARGARET A. HALEY, effect the setting forward of this reappraisement may have on the Business Representative. From The Tribune's Columns September 27, 1925 25 Years Ago Today SEPTEMBER 27 , 1900 CHICAGO .-The Chicago Grade Teachers ' federation submitted to the board of assessors schedules listing stocks and bonds escaping taxation in Cook county amounting to $ 238,000 ,- 000. The teachers, led by Miss Mar- garet Haley, demand that the prop- erty be scheduled and threatened that mandamus proceedings would be started to compel the assessors to act. The above, printed today in the Tribune as news of 25 years ago, caused the same edi- torial convulsions in the Tribune at that time that "Haleyism in the Schools" does today. Page 30 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30 , 1925 Superintendent Replies to Protests of High School Teachers BOARD OF EDUCATION As to " punishing the great majority for the offenses of the few," again I do not find in the large number September 23 , 1925 . of schools and cities which use it any basis for such a Mrs. Florence Curtis Hanson, President. statement or that it is based on distrust or that it The Federation of Women High School Teachers , affects the spiritual aspects of teachers . Nor have 6149 Drexel Avenue, Chicago, Illinois . I any knowledge of a process of " mechanizing educa- Dear Madam : tional activities that has been subtly forced into the I thank you for your courteous favor of September 16 com- local public schools." The making of such a state- menting on the check-off system being introduced into the Chicago ment without substantiation is of little value . As to Public Schools. As you are aware, the Board of Education em- the development of "unrest and antagonism in the ployed a firm of expert accountants for the purpose of improv- minds of hundreds of Chicago's best teachers ,” I note ing the Board's business, and adopted the new system for this in the concluding address of President John Dill Rob- purpose. ertson that this is a matter of thirty years standing. I cannot answer all the objections raised in your letter be- We must meet a general public opinion expressed in an cause I have not sufficient data . I am familiar however with the editorial in one of our newspapers that some teachers use of similar systems in a large number of schools in the United are responsible for it. As you recall , the editor States and have made inquiries in governmental services other said: than teaching; also in hospitals, in banks and commercial con- "The teachers have gone beyond all the cerns . limits of reasonable behavior . The con- As to waste of teachers' time, I do not find that the use of stant repetition of their protests can only be considered a form of insubordination . the new system keeps teachers from their classrooms or involves any unusual waste. Clearly they are suffering from a delusion As to detecting " untrustworthy teachers who may previously of persecution that has been fostered through have misrepresented their attendance," a general experience as the years. If teachers want to be respected reported to me is that it does reduce materially the tendency to in the community, they must quit resenting cheat. every act of the Board of Education as if it were intended to crush them under heel . Do As to being unpedagogical, I cannot find this charge well founded. Its use in schools and colleges has continued too long the teachers want the youngsters to believe and is too extensive to warrant such a charge. The fact that that the good life consists in resentment of factories as well as hospitals use it proves little. Factories pay all authority ? All the evidence indicates for service; so do hospitals; so also do government organizations, that is what the teachers are aiming at." postoffices, etc.; so even do the philanthropic institutions for med- We know that this must be an exaggeration, but we ical research, charitable services, etc. That those employed in also know that if we want to hold our stockholders , these services feel that their work is confined between checking our employers, our customers —the people of Chicago in and checking out is not borne out by experience. These -we are using the wrong psychology when we con- workers, quite as generally as we do, give extra time other than tinue to give vent so easily to protests against this that recorded. and that . I have conferred with a number of principals as to how it ( Signed) WM. McANDREW. diminishes "their control and supervision." I have yet to re- [NOTE : The quotation is from the Tribune editorial of ceive any demonstration of how it does this. September 14, 1925, “ The Teachers Protest Again."-Editor. ] Teachers' Board Protests Salary Delay Caused by Efficiency Experts In the following resolutions, the Board of Managers payments of salary twice a month as provided by law, of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, protested on Sept. except in the months of September and January, and 25 , 1925 , against the delay in the payment of teachers' WHEREAS, many teachers today are subjected to salary checks occasioned by the new payroll ssytem rec- serious embarrassment by inability to meet such obliga- ommended by Griffenhagen Industrial Engineers : tions as rents, insurance and current expenses, while WHEREAS, the teachers of Chicago have not re- others must lose interest on their savings accounts by ceived salary checks due them September 25 , 1925, withdrawals to meet these obligations ; now therefore and since no salaries are ever paid for vacations, a be it period of thirteen ( 13 ) weeks, has therefore elapsed RESOLVED, by the Board of Managers of since the receipt of their last checks, and the Chicago Teachers ' Federation that we WHEREAS, this delay has been caused by the protest against the continuance by the Board inauguration of a new pay roll system recommended by of Education of this system which entails the Griffenhagen & Company, Industrial Engineers, em- hardship of constant uncertainty as to the ployed by the Board of Education at an enormous cost, exact date of salary payment ; and be it fur- and ther WHEREAS, such delay was foreseen and pre- RESOLVED, that this protest be sent to dicted by Mr. Charles E. Gilbert, Secretary of the the Board of Education and copies to the Board of Education, in whose office the former satis- press with request to print. factory system was administered, when he presented his Board of Managers of the report to the Finance Committee, June 23, 1925 , before Chicago Teachers' Federation . the adoption of the new system, and MARY M. ABBE, WHEREAS, the teachers of Chicago do not receive September 25 , 1925 . President. Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 31 Judge Jarecki Stops Tax Fixing by Erroneous Court Orders In a future issue of THE BULLETIN, a full report During the hearings this summer a county official fa- of the hearing in the Cook County Court on complaints miliar with the facts made the statement that he believed of owners of real estate that more than a million who have failed to pay dollars of taxes on real their 1924 taxes will AP estate have been lost to appear. ‫שששש‬ nnnn the county by such コー "erroneous " entries. Miss Margaret 王 王 Haley, business repre- OUR GREAT CHICAGO EE Tax Amendment sentative of the Chicago пи UN VID 내 11 The Legislature on Teachers' Federation , NIG NLM INLIN the last day of the ses- and a court stenogra- VUANLUDAET-RION IV sion, June 29, 1925, pher employed by the istaxed issued a statement ad- Federation, attended on this- P111 UB LI dressed to the voters of these sessions held from SCH C OOL Illinois urging them to July 13th, the opening 1 OPERA HOUSE HOTEL A vote for the Tax day, to August 10th, 0 222 ИПИ Amendment to the Con- 702 the closing day. ΣΤΟΛΕΠ BOOTS stitution, to be submit- Judge Jarecki pre- ted at the election in sided. Attendance by November, 1926. Miss Haley and a Members of the com- stenographer was the re- mittee of seven in sult of a conference charge of the drafting with Judge Jarecki and of this amendment, in- WE WANT FI County Treasurer Carr, CH cluding the business rep- A ANCE resentative of the Chi- XE following the exposure TAX cago Teachers' Federa- of tax-fixing by means R of "erroneous" court tion, have been appoint- WE NEED MUA ed on a committee to YVI orders resulting in the MORE S organize the campaign N loss of $100,000 in SCHOOL for the adoption of this It's 1923 taxes, restored by α. Tax Amendment. Sev- crime the exposure. A com- eral meetings of the plete report of the pro- Campaign Committee ceedings anent the ex- have been held, and the posure as printed in the Daily News, was re- organization of the campiagn is under way. Progress produced in THE BULLETIN of June 11. will be reported in THE BULLETIN. Pension Commission pensions and refers only to "pension matters" and "Illi- nois pension laws. " Appointed In accordance with this order the Mayor appointed a commission "to make a comprehensive study of pen- sion matters " and designated it as "The Pension Com- mission of the City of Chicago." Newspapers of Although the policemen, the firemen and the municipal July 2nd reported that this commission had held a meet- employes are all represented on "The Pension Commis- ing and that they were asking the secretaries of the sion of the City of Chicago," no representative from the different pension funds in Cook County to furnish the teachers is included. commission with a statement of their views on pension At a meeting of the City Council, Alderman Albert data. introduced an order which was adopted by the Council, No inquiry has been received by the Chicago Teach- directing the Mayor to appoint a commission "to make ers' Pension Board from this commission and it is not a comprehensive study of pension matters and report known whether the Teachers' Fund will be included in their findings and recommendations to the City Council the investigation. with a view of recommending amendments to Illinois The commission consists of the following: Aldermen pension laws that are deemed necessary." This was Arthur F. Albert, George M. Maypole, Albert J. May 13, 1925 . Horan and Messrs. Augustus S. Peabody, Melvin A. In the preamble to the "order" Alderman Albert Traylor, Carl Latham, William Neer, Morgan A. speaks about municipal pensions and municipal employes Collins, Joseph F. Connery, John P. Dillon and James but the "order" itself omits all reference to municipal C. Hansen. Page 32 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 When Griffenhagen Said " Snuff " Who Sneezed ? (Printed at Request of Studebaker Theater Meeting, September 11, 1925 ) ACCEPTED PROPOSAL IN PREPARATION OF SCHOOL BUD- CONTINUE SERVICES OF GRIFFENHAGEN & ASSOCIATES GET AND ORGANIZATION SURVEY . IN PREPARATION OF SCHOOL BUDGET AND ORGANIZATION SURVEY . Mr. Smietanka presented the following communication from Griffenhagen and Associates : The Committee on Finance reports that at the Board meeting Chicago, December 5, 1924. of December 10, 1924, Communication E- 10332 was adopted, ac- cepting the proposal of Griffenhagen & Associates for services in Mr. Julius F. Smietanka, connection with the budget and organization matters, giving full 7 South Dearborn Street , power to the Committee on Finance to carry out as much of the Chicago , Illinois . proposal as it deemed necessary. Dear Mr. Smietanka : Enclosed is a carbon of a "Letter of The Committee recommends that the services of Proposal " covering the budget and organization survey. Griffenhagen & Associates be continued in this са- Our idea is that if you accept this proposal Wednesday, you pacity at least for the balance of the month of March. appropriate only enough to cover all or part of what we call the "first stage" ($9,000.00 or as much less as you may decide) and then, along in February, lay out the 1925 program and include an The report was adopted. item in the budget to cover it. (Adopted by Board of Education, March 11, 1925, Page 895. Report No. 11107. I suppose this matter will come up first in your Committee on Tuesday and it has occurred to me that it might be helpful and save you time if I were to give EXTENDED SERVICES OF GRIFFENHAGEN AND you my idea as to the general scope of the report that would seem best to meet the case. I attach it hereto ASSOCIATES, LTD . as Exhibit "A." Mr. Fellows presented the following resolution: If the Board approves this work I sincerely hope the news- Whereas, the Committee on Finance, by virtue of authority paper men will not be given the wrong impression through the use granted by the Board in its action of December 10, 1924, has of such words as "investigation," "probe," "efficiency experts," etc. employed the services of Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., on vari- It would seem to me that the announcement should state simply ous matters pertaining to the preparation of the 1925 budget, and that- Griffenhaen & Associates, Ltd., a long established Chicago Whereas, the initial appropriation of $9,000.00 authorized by organization of management engineers and accountants, with a the Board on the above named date is now fully taken up by the country-wide experience in the field of public administration services rendered in accordance with the agreement entered into at that time, and and finance, have been retained temporarily to assist the Board and its officers in the examination of all possible ave- Whereas, certain important projects already initiated and others nues toward greater economy in expenditures. They will also contemplated but not yet started will require the further services of work with the Committee on Finance and its Secretary in the Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., for an indeterminate period of detailed scrutiny that is being given to the budget estimates time; therefore, be it for 1925 . Resolved, that the Committee on Finance be authorized to con- Also enclosed is a carbon of the proposal covering the annual tinue to make use of the advisory staff of Griffenhagen & Asso- audit. The original has been sent to the Board of Education at ciates, Ltd., in carrying forward such of these projects as seem its offices. I might say that by doing the audit work we can save necessary, and that an additional appropriation of $20,000.00, or so an appreciable amount of time on some phases of the survey and hence give you more for the same outlay than we otherwise could. much thereof as may be required, be authorized for the contin- uance of this work for an estimated term of not to exceed six I hope that we have understood your instructions correctly, and months from April 1 , 1925, it being understood that the Committee that none of the suggestions herein will be considered premature or on Finance has the power to terminate the services of Griffenhagen officious . & Associates, Ltd., under this agreement at any time the Com- Yours faithfully, mittee may elect. (Signed) E. O. Griffenhagen . Exhibit " A" The resolution was adopted. The Committee on Finance reports that, in join session with the (Adopted by Board of Education, March 25, 1925, Page 952. Re- port No. 11238.) Committee on School Administration, it has carefully considered a letter of proposal from Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., covering certain professional services in budget and organization matters, and recommends that the program of work outlined in this proposal be MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN undertaken subject to the approval of the Chairman of the Com- mittee on Finance from time to time as to its actual scope, that Griffenhagen & Associates, Ltd., be engaged for the work under MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor and Publisher the terms of their proposal, that the Chairman of the Commit- tee on Finance be authorized to make such arrangements with them and with the officers of the Board as may be necessary to MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten the prosecution of the work, and that an initial appropriation in months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. the sum of $9,000.00 be made for the purpose at this time. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies , 15 Cents. Mr. Smietanka moved that the proposal of Grif- LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. fenhagen & Associates be accepted, and that the ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to Finance Committee be given full power to carry out the order of as much of the proposal as it deems necessary. The Motion was adopted. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 , American (Excerpts from Proceedings, Board of Education, Dec. 10, 1924, Bond and Mortgage Bldg. , 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago Page 459. Report No. E-10332 . ) Phone Central 3904 30, 1 Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 33 Superintendent's "Absence Report " which the schools are closed shall not be counted as The report of the Superintendent of Schools on "Ab- absences . sence of Teachers and Principals " ( No. 11984) was presented to the Board on July 9, 1925, and was re- 4. When a teacher or principal is absent on ac- J ferred to the Committee on Rules and School Administra- count of personal illness or the death of a near rela- D tive more than ten days in any school year a deduction tion which have not yet acted upon it. shall be made from the salary of such teacher or Following are extracts from the report : principal for each day of such absence equal to the de ABSENCE OF TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS-DAY SCHOOLS . pl per diem salary of a substitute teacher for a corre- SU To the Board of Education, sponding grade of work. No teacher or principal shall Ladies and Gentlemen : be allowed more than fifty days' absence (holidays di I beg leave to report that on June 10 (Report No. H-11687), and other days on which schools are closed not there were considered and deferred by you certain criticisms of counted) during any two consecutive school years un- your usage in the payment of absent teachers, etc.* der this provision. " Near relative" shall be inter- I have, with the assistant superintendents, gone over carefully preted to mean father, mother, sister, brother, hus- the old rules of the Board of Education covering payment for ab- band, wife, or child, of the absentee . sent service, and beg leave to recommend that you refer to the 6. The Superintendent of Schools shall have au- Committee on School Administration and to the Committee on thority to place on the unassigned list the names of Rules the following proposed regulations to govern absence of teachers who are absent without a leave for a period teachers and adjustment of the salaries of such : longer than ten days, or who remain absent after leave of absence has expired, provided that the fact 1. Absence of Teachers and Principals : of such absence without leave shall be brought to 3. When a teacher or principal is absent from the attention of the teacher in question and that he shall have had a reasonable opportunity after such school on account of personal illness or the death of a relative, a deduction shall be made from the salary notification to return to duty. These regulations are for the most part as now in force with of such teacher or principal for each day's absence these notable exceptions: The new rates follow the proportions equal to one-half the per diem salary of a substitute of the old rates, which, however, were not changed when the sal- teacher for a corresponding grade of work, provided aries of substitutes were increased. When teachers were getting say, that no teacher nor principal shall be allowed more $60.00 per month, they lost $2.00 per day for their absence; when they are getting, say, $250.00 per month, retention of these old than a total of ten days' absence during any school rules results in their losing only $2.00 per day year under this provision. Holidays and other days on July 8, 1925. WM. McANDREW . Teachers ' Organizations Respond to Invitation to 1 Comment on Absence Report The Chicago Teachers' Federation and the Elemen- Chicago, Illinois , Mr. John A. English, July 20, 1925 tary Teachers ' Council were represented in replies to the Chairman Committee on Rules, invitation of Mr. John A. English, Chairman of the Board of Education, Committee on Rules, to comment on the Superintendent's Dear Mr. English : The undersigned officers of the Teachers' Councils wish to ex- Report No. 11984 on the Report of Griffenhagen and press their appreciation of the opportunity afforded them for a Associates, Limited ( H- 11687) in regard to teachers' hearing on Superintendent's Report No. 11984 on the Report of absences . Griffenhagen & Associates, Limited, Report No. H- 11687. On account of the implied charges of dishonesty in reporting the July 23, 1925 . cause of absence made against the teaching body in this Griffen- Mr. John A. English, hagen Report and the publicity given these implied charges, we Chairman Committee on Rules, believe that any change in the amount of deduction for absence at Board of Education, this time would be considered by teachers and by the public gen- 650 S. Clark St., Chicago, erally as an evidence of lack of confidence on the part of the Superintendent of Schools and of the Board of Education in the Dear Mr. English : integrity of the Chicago teachers. In response to your invitation of July 14, addressed to me as A conscientious attitude towards attendance cannot be secured President of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, to present in by a financial penalty for non-attendance imposed from outside writing, on or before July 24, comment on Superintendent's Report the profession. The persons properly qualified to set and main- No. 11984 on the Report of Griffenhagen & Associates, Limited, tain ethical standards for any profession are the members of that (H- 11687) . profession working through their own organizations. The Elementary Teachers have through their Councils already On behalf of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, I desire to state adopted a formal code of ethics which deals directly with the mat- that I am entirely in accord with the statement and comment sub- ter of conscientious use of teachers' time and the re-establishment mitted to your Committee by the officers of the Teachers' Councils by the Board of Education of both High School and Elementary presented by Miss Anise Slattery, Chairman Elementary Teachers' Councils as official organizations would furnish professional means General Council and Mr. A. E. Layman, President High School for the enforcement of professional standards. Teachers' Council, and respectfully recommend approval by your We recommend that Report No. 11984 be not adopted and that Committee of the recommendations contained therein. no change be made in the amount of deduction of salary for absence. ANISE SLATTERY . Very truly yours, Chairman Elementary Teachers' General Council. MARY M. ABBE, A. E. LAYMΑΝ, President, Chicago Teachers' Federation. President High School Teachers' Council. Page 34 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 Meeting of Superintendents' Council June 15, 1925 The Superintendent's Council which Trustee Mullen- was accompanied by an undated communication from bach characterized as "a hand-picked conference com- the Superintendent addressed to "The Chicago Public mittee of the Superintendent" met for the first time on School Teachers' Council ." June 15 , 1925 in the Superintendent's office, Room The last line of this undated communication which 703, 460 South State street in response to the follow- ing call from the Superintendent : accompanied the Superintendent's letter of September 2nd says "I hope you have a pleasant summer." CALL FOR MEETING This undated communication from the Superintendent, June 9, 1925. with the last line omitted was found this week in the SUBJECT : CHICAGO PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS' COUNCIL mail boxes of the high school teachers in some of the MEETING high schools : Mr. James Armstrong, Mrs. Emily L. Hilsabeck, Both communications are printed in full below. Englewood High School 1418 E. Marquette Rd. (High School Principals' (Special Teachers' Club) LETTER TO EDITORS Assn.) Mr. Morgan G. Hogge, Mr. George Beers, Asst. Superintendent September 2, 1925 Clarke School (Rep. Asst. Superintendents) SUBJECT : RATINGS OF TEACHERS. (Chicago Principals' Club) Mr. Paul H. Lahann, City Editor : Miss Lucy A. Benson 4654 N. Springfield Ave. 260 W. 66th St. (Elementary Man. Trg. Some of the newspaper writers seem to think that there is Teachers' Club) no longer a Teachers' Council in existence. Statements have (Assistants to Principals) appeared in print that the old board did away with the teachers' Mrs. Mary M. Blodget, Mr. Chas. D. Lowry, councils. 128 N. Hamlin Ave. Dist. Supt. Burr School, 1621 (Chicago Pub. Sch. Kinder- Wabansia Ave. The council was reorganized with the approval of the Board garten Assn.) (District Superintendents) last June. The accompanying matter about which there has been considerable interest in school circles, goes out to the Council today. Mr. Wm. D. Burke, Miss Cora E. Mull, WILLIAM MCANDREW. 406 S. State St. 4151 Berkeley Ave. (Truant Officers' Federation) (Chicago Teachers' Mr. T. Olin Cantwell League) SUPERINTENDENT'S UNDATED COMMUNICATION 1601 Wilson Ave. Miss Teresa O'Sullivan , (Chicago H. S. Teachers' 2500 E. 47th St. To the Chicago Public School Teachers ' Council Club) (Household Arts Club) APPRAISAL OF TEACHING Mr. Max Strass, Lane Tech. High School, Division and Sedgwick Sts., (Physical 1. A matter to be discussed when you are ready is here an- nounced. Educator's Club) Ladies and Gentlemen : 2. Before submitting it to the principals and superintendents it The following matters have presented themselves from various would be valuable to know the opinions of yourselves upon sources . I should like to discuss as many of them as you the advantages and disadvantages of these various sugges- are able to cover from four to five p. m. on Monday, June 15, tions and of others which you may make. in room 703, 460 S. State street together with such other matters as any of you care to bring up, which, to quote the recommenda- 3. What are valuable ends derivable from inspection of teach- tion adopted by the honorable, the Board of Education: "will ing by principals and supervisors ? furnish the superintendent with advice intended to maintain public (a) Maintenance and increase of efficiency ? school service to a high degree of efficiency." (b) Bases for promotion? (c) Bases for ridding the schools of incompetents ? (a) Banking in schools: thrift. Is it worth the time and (d) Affecting rates of pay ? effort required ? (b) Distribution of milk. (c) Clerical work re- (e) What else ? quired of teachers. Is it excessive ? How can it be reduced ? Has it any practical advantages for the children ? (d) Ditto- 4. Same as 3 in the matter of appraising work of principals, statistical reporting. (e) Interruptions : distribution of circulars supervisors ? Superintendents ? and notices to the rooms during school hours. Recommendations for efficient manner of conveying information to teachers. ( f) 5. How eliminate the impairment of appraisals due to Exhibitions and pageants ; their value ; their interference with (a) Insufficient data or observation by the appraiser ? more valuable service. (g) Collections of money. Does it need (b) Personal whim ? investigation ? (h) Meetings called by principals during class 6. What are other factors tending to poor appraisal ? How time and after school . (i) Fire drills ; overdone or underdone. eliminate ? If attendance on the date set interferes with engagements you have made, I will appreciate your courtesy if you will send in 7. What of the following should be appraised ? These are your place a member of your organization, supplying him or her collected from Almack, Lang, Strayer, Englehardt, Ander- with your written authority to serve as your proxy. son, and various professional papers, the following forty- Best regards. eight topics as a basis on which they may "lay down the (Signed) WM. McANDREW. laws for him to execute on them" : Newspapers Get Letters on " Hand-Picked" Appraisal of Teaching Group 1. Teacher's personal appearance. The letter below, dated September 2, 1925 , from 2. Teacher's health . the Superintendent of Schools to the Chicago newspapers, 3. Teacher's scholarship. Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 35 4. Teacher's adaptability to suggestion for professional im- provement. 5. Teacher's compliance with instructions. 6 Teacher's industry. NE MAY ECONOMIZE IN 7. Teacher's record of work planned and done. many ways with profit to 8. Teacher's control of class. 9. Teacher's objective illustration, blackboard, etc. health as well as to purse, 10. Teacher's voice, quality, management, effect. 11. Teacher's English . but cheap food, lacking 12. Co-operation with principal and other teachers. quality, is never an economy for it 13. Punctuality of teacher and accuracy in school records. 14. Reputation for tact and courtesy in dealing with exacts a heavier price than ever is parents. 15. Teacher's initiative, progressiveness, record of sug- paid in money. Good food is the gestion for improvement of the school. 16. Teacher's loyalty to school, city and nation. foundation of good health and good 17. Power to understand children. health is priceless. 18. Teacher's courtesy, sympathy and regard for all chil- dren assigned. 19. Teacher's fairness and justice. 20. Room condition. 21. Rejection of inaccuracies. 22. Avoidance of unproductive concert responses. 23. Avoidance of repeating pupil's answers. . 24. 25 . Other avoidance of wasting time. Clearness of aims . HENRICI'S 26. Success in bringing pupils to fitness for promotion. WM. M. COLLINS, President 27. Evidence of pupils' interest and alertness. 28. Pupils' voices and language, audible, pleasing. 29. Participation of whole class in work and recitation. 67 W. Randolph St. Power in Developing Thought. 30. Power shown in developing thinking power of pupils. 7 A. M. to Midnight 31. Power shown in developing self-reliance of pupils. 32. Record of proper requirement as to home work. 33. Skill in securing habit of study. 34. Influence on pupil's character, honesty, courtesy, order- liness, unselfishness . 13. Or should the ratings be Unsatisfactory, Satisfactory, and Superior ? The rater being required to give specific facts 35. Habitual handwriting of pupils as to legibility and form. for "Unsatisfactory" and "Superior," the assumption being 36. Pupils' habitual self-proving of computation. that mere " Satisfactory" is ordinary, usual and to be ex- 37. As to well-planned lessons. pected ? Why ? 38. Skill and care in assignment of work. 14. Or should the ratings follow a common civil service classifi- 39. Skill in habit formation . tion? 40. Skill in motivating work of children. Unsatisfactory Satisfactory 41. Attention to individual needs . divided into divided into Much below average Average 42. Details of means taken for professional improvement Below average Above average courses this term. What, where, how many hours ? Very much above average 43. Special services rendered school or pupils . Reason for your opinion. 44. Notable excellencies of habits, temperament, disposition. (Specify) . 15. Have you any other classification that can be grouped under Satisfactory, Unsatisfactory, Superior ? Reasons recom- 45. Notable deficiencies of habits, temperament, dispositions. (Specify) . mending it. 46. Number of days absent the term. 16. Should the rater be required to record dates of and amount 47. Number of times late this term . of time inspecting the teaching recorded ? Why ? Why not ? 48. Per cent of time taken by teacher's talk . 17. Should a regulation of this sort be made: In case a principal finds the work of a teacher lacking in likelihood as to reach APPRAISAL OF TEACHING a satisfactory grade he shall at once report the fact to the Superintendent of Schools who shall assign another than the 8. Should a few vital points be required on a final report on principal to appraise the work of the teacher. The Super- appraisal and other accessory details be printed on which intendent's decision as to the proper rating shall be furnished the recorder may or may not enter a record depending on the teacher ? whether or not the qualities or details were in evidence ? Why? 18. What other provisions would you suggest ? Why ? 9. Should the record be given the teacher ? Why ? When ? 19. This communication is in no wise confidential. It can be, 10. Or should, as now, the record be sent to the central office if desired, made a matter of discussion by the organization and there accessible only to the teacher concerned ? Why ? which elected you, from which your own views may perhaps 11. Should the points be given numerical weights ? Why ? be broadened. When you are ready please drop me a line. Why not? 20. In council matters decisions will not be affected by the num- 12. Should the qualities of service be put into one of the follow- ber of those favoring or opposing but by the reasons for ing designations : Unsatisfactory-deficient ; adoption or rejection of a proposition. Unsatisfactory-poor ; Satisfactory-good ; Satisfactory- ex- I hope you have a pleasant summer. cellent; Satisfactory-superior ? Why ? (The Law has cer- tain provisions that require decision as to whether the service WM. MCANDREW, is satisfactory or not) . Superintendent. Page 36 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 It depends for its maintenance upon the teachers of Pot Still Boiling Chicago. Salary, Tenure, Pension, Councils - Acceptance of a limited amount of advertising makes All in the Stew possible a reduction of the subscription price of the Bulletin to $2.00 a year. While neither the news nor The reports on teachers' salary are still before the editorial policy will be dictated by advertisers, kindly Finance Committee. consideration of the advertisers by the teachers would be Teachers are being dropped from the service in vio- appreciated and should be mutually beneficial. lation of the Teachers' Tenure Law. (See Page 37. ) Two of the Superintendent's proposed amendments You are receiving it. You are getting the benefit of to the Rules of the Board of Education, seriously affect- official reports of administrative transactions. ing the rights and privileges of every teacher, are still Below is a subscription blank and your subscription pending before the Rules Committee of the Board but now is cordially solicited. not adopted : (a) A proposed amendment increasing the loss of salary for absence during sickness. (b) A proposed amendment forbidding Teachers' MISS ROWENA HUBER Organizations to continue to send their com- and munications to the schools as at present. This was the proposal that made the Bulletin a MR. C. J. SULA necessity. of the There is also pending in the Rules Committee a pro- posed amendment to restore the Teachers' Councils as they existed prior to September 24, 1924 . Versatil School of Hearings on these and other matters of vital impor- tance to the teachers are due to begin shortly. A Pension Commission, authorized by the City Coun- Advertising Art cil, has been appointed by the Mayor. Whether it is Announce An to recommend that the Legislature meddle with the Teachers' Pension Law is not yet known to the teachers. Exhibition of The Bulletin will continue to furnish to teachers Commercial and Fine Arts officicals, authentic information on these and other mat- ters of vital interest. Saturday , October 3 , to The Bulletin brings the Board of Education, the Saturday , October 17, 1925 Administration and the reaction of the teachers into the Inclusive homes of all the teachers of Chicago. It is a chronicle of official transactions in and out You and your pupils are cordially invited of the schools affecting the teachers and the children. to view this interesting display. It is an accurate, reliable record, a reflection of con- Mornings 9:00 to 12:00 ditions which are causing a crisis in the schools. Afternoons 1:00 to 5:00 Every issue contains an account of the most recent Evenings 6:00 to 8:30 development in the schools. It is a handbook for the teachers in these days of 39 So. State Studio 1700 uncertainty. TEACHING A PLEASURE When You Wear Our SUBSCRIPTION PHYSICAL CULTURE to Combination Last Shoes . That Have Style Plus Comfort We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required Service That Pleases MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN BRUNS BOOTERY 6 N. Michigan Blvd., Third Floor Name. Announces the following BERTHA OTT CONCERT and RECITALS under her management during the first part of October Address Paul Whiteman (himself) and orchestra, concert, Sunday afternoon, (Street and Number) October 11th at 3:30 at the Auditorium Theatre. Seats $1.00, $1.50, $2.00, $2.50, plus 10 % tax. Eusebio Concialdi, baritone, recital, Sunday afternoon, October 11th City at 3:30 at the Studebaker Theatre. Seats 75 cents, $1.00, $1.50, plus 10% tax. Subscription price $2.00 per year. Themy Georgi, tenor, recital, Sunday afternoon, October 18th at 3:30 at the Studebaker Theatre. Seats $ 1.00, $ 1.50, plus 10 % tax. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite Ossip Gabrilowitsch, pianist, first of six historical recitals, Sunday afternoon , October 18th at 3:30 at the Princess Theatre. Second rectal 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. November 29th; third recital December 13th; fourth recital, January 3rd; fifth recital January 29th ; sixth recital February 21st. Season tickets Dearborn St. , Chicago , Telephone Central 3904. $13.20, $ 8.25 , $ 5.50 , tax included. Tickets can be secured by addressing BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. 30 Sept. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 37 eache Question of Tenure Arises as BY ALL MEANS Teachers Are Dropped If your feet give you trouble of any kind don't give up until you have tried ism SOCKET FIT SHOES . ice d Since the report on Tenure, in the last issue of Comfort in eDe the Bulletin, attention has been called to the status every step of some 49 teachers who have been dropped from the service some of whom, if not all, have been in the serv- 1 ice more than four years, some more than five years. These teachers were on temporary certificates during all these years of service in the Chicago schools. D. C. LOCKE'S On February 16, the following communication ad- dressed to the district superintendents, signed by the vice-chairman of the Board of Examiners, Mr. Henry In the SOCKET FIT Formerly Lobby the S. Crane was delivered to these teachers : ofthe SHOE STORE College Shops Boot Board of Examiners' Letter. Bldg. 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Shop CHICAGO, ILLINOIS "To the District Superintendents : "I am calling your attention to the following recom- mendation that passed the Board at its last meeting. A PERMANENT WAVE Will you kindly call this to the attention of any of By Lois Armstrong Rivals Nature's Own ! the temporary substitutes in your district who you think Newly Perfected Process would take advantage of this opportunity. Oil Skin Steam Sachet Special Club Rates For Teachers "Recommend that authority be given to the Board LOIS STUDIOS of Examiners to issue cards of admission to the Chi- Call State 5089 Room 808. 14 W. Washington St. cago Normal College to teachers now in the employ of the Board on temporary certificates whose efficiency record for substitute work is 80 or above and who are high school graduates with at least four years of WHAT SCHOOL? teaching experience, 200 days of which were in the Catalogues and reliable information about all Schools and Col- leges free of charge. Complete Directory of all educational institu- Chicago public schools. These cards of admission tions in U. S. 480 pages , $1.00. Vocational guidance, Financial Aid to students . shall entitle the holders thereof to attend the Chicago Normal College as special students until June 26, Educational Aid Society 702 Marshall Field Bldg . 1925. 110 N. Wabash Ave. Tel . Dearborn 6144 "Reasons : For several years the Board has em- ployed teachers on temporary certificates many of whom have demonstrated their ability and fitness. The time The Gladys Hight is now rapidly approaching when the number of teach- School of Dancing Special Courses for School Teachers in Ballet, ers holding regular certificates will be so large as to Character, Acrobatic and Technique. Diplomas Issued. displace the holders of temporary certificates, unless Classes Every Evening, 6 and 7 P. M. the latter can qualify in the regular way. Teachers who Vocal and Dramatic Art Dept. Studio: 339 So. Wabash Ave., cor. Van Buren are not normal school or college graduates must have Suite 200 Wabash 3789 at least 18 weeks of normal school training and the Chicago Normal College is the only normal school in SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS AND CLASSES Chicago which they can attend. In Selecting "These teachers were invited by the Board to render assistance at a time when the teacher shortage was so great that classes would have been closed were not such assistance received. The Board by this resolution is DuBois Studios 610 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State St. Phones State 4218-4219-4220 protecting its own people." As the official photographer for your graduating classes or individual photographs, you are assured of prompt service Yours very truly, and rare quality. (Signed) HENRY S. CRANE, Vice-Chairman, Board of Examiners. THE BLUE SHOP Four Pass Examination. DRESSES Forty-nine of those teachers attended the Normal Challis, Flannels , Cloths and Silks made to your measure -regardless of size and figure-no fitting necessary. School until it was closed in June, after which they $10.00 to $ 15.00 for Making-You May Furnish Material. were required to take an examination which four of 1524 Stevens Bldg. the forty-nine passed, forty-five having failed. No revision of the examination papers has been al- lowed the forty-five who failed and the time is ap- proaching when these teachers have been given to under- Now Is the Time to Select Your stand that their examination papers will be burned. Fur Coat The question as to the legal status of these teachers under the tenure law is one of vital interest to all Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at teachers. STAEDTER'S Meantime, the forty-five are separated from the serv- 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. ice, their services have been dispensed with. Page 38 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30, 1925 (Continued from Page 23.) "YOU GET PERSONAL CARE learned to read, write and figure, knows enough to teach WHEN WE WAVE YOUR HAIR. " little children, at least if he or she "be handy with the children." It is not too much to say that psychological Distinctive Permanent Waving science has in the last few years practically proved the prophetic insight of a few great educational reformers That leaves the hair soft and who asserted that the early years are the most important, glossy with large, loose wave- because at this period all the underlying emotional habits and unconscious attitudes are being formed. The scien- no breakage, $10.00 tific demonstration is the more impressive because it has Teachers guaranteed satisfaction come mainly from physicians who in dealing with ab- normalities have been forced to trace them to their origin in badly adjusted personal and social relation- POWERS and ERICKSON ships in childhood. Harrison 8758 220 S. State St. It may be that this scientific demonstration will mark the beginning of a new era in education. But if so, the epoch is still in the future. Parents and teachers alike 17 No. 912 are still committed to the absurdity that the older a per- STATE StevensBldg. son is, and the more fixed, closed and specialized his hab- % RADCLIFFE BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes its, the more important are skill and learning in his guardi- ans and teachers, while the plastic years in which habits are being formed for the whole of life, habits which are Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP. inthe City. to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes, 22 to fundamental and general, the human being may safely Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" 12; Widths, Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE be left to chance, ignorance and inexpertness. I some- "Stylish Stout Outsides" times think that this absurdity is itself more than enough to account for all the failures of all our educational ef- REBUILT TYPEWRITERS forts, and that until it is remedied all our energies Guaranteed One Year spent in other directions are wasted. See what happens. AT REDUCED PRICES All Makes Including Portables-Cash, or on Time As a rule the most inexperienced teachers and Also Rentals Rent Applied on Purchase MORROW-ALWARD TYPEWRITER EXCHANGE those who receive the lowest rate of pay are 6 West Randolph Street given the youngest children. Because the lat- Phone State 7539 ter are the easiest to teach, they shall receive the supposedly poorest teachers. Then because TAXI CAB SERVICE being the easiest to teach and learn, and having been start- ed by acquiring habits in the most haphazard and misfit We will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHICAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our ways, we will pay subsequent teachers more and more to service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. try and correct the results of prior poor teaching and ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION learning ! So it works out that we college teachers, who The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago by the nature of the case can do the least in forming fun- Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. damental habits, although most, of course, in imparting specialized skill and knowledge, get the highest pay for the fewest hours of work. Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. It is not all a joke if I say that we can meas- on hand Remodeling and Repairing ure the dawn of a serious faith in education New Coats Made to Order by the manifestations of willingness to pay 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph the highest wages going to those who actively Central6049 Established 1879 direct the education of the youngest. We shall then begin by setting new teachers to deal with older and relatively case-hardened specimens, and as they prove their fitness promote them to teach younger children whose SUPERFLUOUS HAIR education is so much more important just because they Can positively be forever destroyed. are much, so much easier, to teach wrong. As for high I have been in business for many years school and college students, once started right they would And I Guarantee My Work largely educate one another, together with the contacts MARTHA B. DOWDY which they would naturally seek with those specially Dearborn 5397 Madison and Wabash skilled and learned in the lines in which their curiosity has No Apprentices . Not a Beauty School. been aroused. * * * * ** * I should look upon the present situation with more MARGARET A. LYNCH equanimity, if there were more disposition to drop our preoccupation with the mechanics and externals of effi- COURT REPORTER ciency, and concentrate upon one question. What can 1301 Ashland Block be done to liberate teachers, to free their personalities and minds from all the petty economic, social and ad- 155 N. Clark Dearborn 5728 ministrative restrictions which so frequently hem them in and repress them ? 0.1 Sept. 30. 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 39 tob Exclusive...butnotExpensive A Discount of SHOES STOCKINGS From the moment you put on a pair of our Arnold Glove-Grip Shoes you seem to forget MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor pr you have them on. It's the patented Glove- Between Madison and Washington Grip feature that makes them fit so well. 3 But, also , you'll find that you Chicago's Greatest never wore more handsome, styl- ARNOLD FUR SALE रा ish shoes. The beauty is built GLOVE GRIP MUSKRAT COATS -Silver in them. The lines last as long SHOES Skins trimmed with Red Fox as the shoes. And the shoes seem collar and deep border. Full never to wear out. length. 1 Combination Lasts For Men and Women Special $195 HUDSON SEAL- Luxurious $ 10 $11 $12 full length models . Skunk (Marten) Squirrel trimmed. ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Special at $250 : Room206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, III. CARACUL COATS-In the new shade of Chestnut Brown, trimmed with Fox collar and cuffs. Full length. Special at $150 1 JAP MINK-Beautifully trim- med with Fox collar, cuffs and To All Teachers! deep border. $395 For only CHRISTMAS GREETING CARDS RACCOON COATS for the col- lege girl . Flapper and Tomboy Raccoon coats. Made to sel) We are desirous of adding a few more intelligent men for $450. 42 inches long . Dark and women to our sales force to sell personal, in- skins. dividual, monogramed Christmas cards during their Special at $235 MARMINK COATS-Beautiful- spare moments. ly finished, smart Mink appear- We have the most beautiful and lowest priced line of ance. Impressive examples of workmanship. Specially priced cards in the country, and we pay a most liberal and this sale, unusually large commission. Samples are furnished to irom $115 you free, and you are under no obligation whatsoever. Storage Free | Small Deposits Accepted Come in at your earliest convenience and look over Written Guarantee our samples and prices. With Every Coat THE PROCESS ENGRAVING CO . MURRAY- BLACK CO . 209 S. State St. Chicago, Ill. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Between Madison and Washington FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Make Your Most Popular Furs -Latest Styles Teachers Solicited Repairing and Remodeling PROMOTIONAL CREDITS 25 Years' Experience Designing 1 to Individual Taste at LEVEY & CO. Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. BUSH CONSERVATORY 839 North Dearborn St. Circular Letters-Addressing-Mimeographing Typewriting Specializing in Mailing Service for Special Classes for Teachers CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS af Convenient hours after school and on Complete Mailing Campaigns Saturdays in COMMERCIAL LETTER CO . Dearborn 5303-5417. Room 1344-127 N. Dearborn Public School Music Methods and Materials for Grades and SATURDAY CLASSES FOR TEACHERS Mornings-Our new structural design applied to standard normal art methods , dress design, commercial design, interior Junior High School, Harmony, Theory, Ap- decoration, school annual illustration. Afternoons Structural design applied to industrial art methods, dress preciation, Voice Classification, Conducting. and poster design. Also still life and life sketch classes. ALL DAY TUITION $24.00 FOR THREE MONTHS Our certificates of accomplishment have been accepted by Boards of Education and Universities for 20 years. Private Lessons THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS Carl N. Werntz, Director. 81 East Madison Street . in all branches of Music, Expression. Dramatic Art, Languages One pomotional credit is granted by Board of Education for FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS 40hours of class work or 40 private lessons in Music. and for 54 hours in Expression and Languages Send for free catalog to T. F. Schwenker, Secretary. Streiff&Dagobert ✓ FLORISTS, 839 N. Dearborn St., Phone Superior 8700 Expert Designer of Floral Art Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. 9A 29280 Page 40 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Sept. 30 , 1925 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their preparation for positions , either commercial or teaching. NO CLASSES Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. By Practical Teachers Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, Beginning and Advanced and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters . Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach . school in which you teach . Shorthand Coach School MYRTLE M. VOSS 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg. , 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill . Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 $ 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year . Chicago, Ill . mloss JESSO-CRAFT A Trip To Europe FREE The new art that enables you to beautify your home Nothing To Sell yourself at very little ex- .. pense. Very easy to learn and the result is pleasing. Present our invitations to your Free lessons by special friends , and when 500 of these invita- teacher. tions have been used by them-the Root Studios offers you a trip to Europe, free, or $ 500.00 in cash. Other cash prizes for lesser numbers. For further information call or write Favor, Ruhl & Company ARTISTS' MATERIAL ROOT STUDIOS PICTURE FRAMING Photographers Established 35 Years 425 So. Wabash Ave. Kimball Hall CHICAGO Chicago, Illinois Harrison 2099 306 South Wabash Avenue INTRODUCING ! LUNCHEON To the School Teachers of Chicago CANDIES Goodrich Dressmaking Service RICH ICE CREAMS We design, cut and fit any garment from your own Much as tho you would conceive in your own material and make ready for you to finish. Also mind the finest and most desirable things to eat partial and complete finishing services. and then find them in beautiful surround- ings-moderately priced ! Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone At My New Tea Room THE GOODRICH SHOP JULIA KING'S 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. Near Randolph St. U. S. POSTAGE 11 / 2c. PAID ROC 28'25 CHICAGO , ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 A M VOL . I N NO. III MargaretHaleys 3 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 October 17, 1925 Teachers Treated as Factory Operatives Says WILLIAM H. KILPATRICK Professor of Education, Teachers College, Columbia University OW can you expect teachers to think HOW when they are tied hand and foot. To tell a teacher what she shall teach and when she shall teach it, and to count success to be only and exactly that children shall successfully pass these mechanical subject-matter tests-all this I say is to treat a teacher as a factory operative. Under such a regime a teacher may be a skilled artisan, but an artist and thinker, no . She has no chance. In fact she is not expected to think . "Hers not to reason why, hers but to teach and dry-up. " That's what I say, and I have seen it happen too often. * ** If we are going to make a success of our democratic experiment begun (formally) about 1776, we must have a type of education that fits democracy. A democratic society should have a democratic school system, and in this system a democratic method will play a most important part . (See other Excerpts from Dr. Kilpatrick's Book on Next Page) 00 Page 42 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 UPTOWN CIVIC CONCERTS Promotional Credits at ARCADIA AUDITORIUM 4450 Broadway, near Wilson Ave. SIX GREAT CONCERTS FOR FIVE DOLLARS Chicago Musical PAVLEY The Greatest Musical Bargain ever offered in Chicago Sunday, Nov. 8, 3 p. m. Sunday, Nov. 29 , 3 p. m. CLAUDIA MUZIO , Soprano OUKRAINSKY BALLET Sunday, Dec. 6, 3 p. m . College Sunday, Nov. 15 , 3 p. m. KATHRYN MEISLE, Contralto ALLEN McQUHAE , Tenor LOUIS GRAVEURE , Baritone OLGA SAMAROFF , Pianist HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President Sunday, Nov. 22, 3 p. m. Sunday, Dec. 13, 3 p. m. CECELIA HANSEN, Violinist Little Symphony of Chicago VIRGILO LAZARRI , Bass HELEN FREUND, Soloist A Conservatory Pledged to Address Mail Orders and make Checks payable to UPTOWN CIVIC CONCERTS , Auditorium Tower, Chicago the Highest Artistic Standard Telephone Harrison 1151 Dema E. Harshbarger. Mgr . Box office open daily, beginning October 26 at ARCADIA AUDITORIUM, 4450 Broadway Fall Term Now Open Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago Public School Teachers, leading to Promotional Credits SPARE TIME ART COURSES in Piano, Vocal , Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear Many of us do not realize what can be accomplished Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orches- in SPARE TIME IN ART-do you ? Monday- tral Instruments. Tuition - Private Lessons Piano Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9 :30 also Satur- day and Sunday Classes in ART. Possibly we have $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $1.50 to just the course you have always longed to take. What $15.00 per lesson. is it dress design, fashion, interior decoration, com- Students completing 40 private lesson periods mercial art, illustration or ?? earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1/2 credit Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses Complete Catalog on Request, 60th Year Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request CARL D. KINSEY , Manager AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. (CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE BUILDING) "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School "A Cross- eyed Boy and a $20.00 Bill Were the Only Clues That the Police Found" Is the heading of an article appearing dren's eyes need attention and do not in the Chicago daily papers concern- realize the type of professional care ing the disappearance of a seven- required . year-old boy . Whom To Consult Delinquent For the correction of any trouble with The important point that this ac- your eyes, you should inquire for an centuates is that cross- eyed children eye, ear, nose and throat specialist, are almost universally delinquent and who has had medical training . Such retarded. All children with eye de- training is essential to prescribe for fects are retarded to a degree . poor vision, or to know what pro- There are many parents who do not cedure to take when treatment is realize or appreciate that their chil- needed other than glasses . We specialize and limit our service to filling oculist's prescriptions for Glasses of Quality UHLEMANN OPTICAL COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1907 Stroh Bldg., Home Office. Mallers Bldg.. Detroit, Mich. Chicago, III . Chicago, III. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol 3. No. 3 October 17, 1925 Page 43 Teachers Treated Like Factory Operatives William H. Kilpatrick in “Foundations of Method ” The status which teachers are fast approaching is " The general assignment-testing practice forcefully outlined in these statements from " Founda- lends itself most easily to the authoritative tions of Method," the most recent book of Professor management of teachers . The administrator, William H. Kilpatrick, Professor of Education at because he must succeed as an administrator, Teachers College, Columbia University. almost inevitably seeks a plan that can be Extracts from Professor Kilpatrick's book appear mapped precisely in advance, where precise on the cover page of this issue. The book is published expectations can be laid down, and precise by MacMillan Company, June, 1925 . checks made on results, so that responsibil- The attention of the Bulletin was called to the ity is exactly located. That this defeats the book by Miss Anise Slattery, Chairman of the Ele- purpose of education is not usually perceived mentary Teachers' General Council. The Bulletin either by the administrator or by his board recommends it to teachers to be added to their own or by the parents . Tradition favors this old and to school libraries. Following are a few para- plan. They are more or less blinded." graphs from the book: "But is it not true that teachers are more alert than “ A regime that is content with assignment- administrators to the evils of the extrinsic regime? " and-testing-under-penalty will tend to restrict "No one statement is true either of all teachers or itself to the things that can be so assigned of all administrators, but there is some evidence that and tested, which means that there will be we find more alertness among the teachers on this point. small consideration for the attitudes out of It comes closer home to them. " which are the issues of life. Even if in- * * * * * * * dividual teachers should wish to stress the " I have been troubled about the effect on the weightier things, they will find themselves teachers of the fixed curriculum with emphasis on judged by the comparative showings of their assignment-testing. I lived once in such a system, and children in these more mechanical matters I never saw less thinking on the part of teachers. " of skills and facts, so that they too will in the end almost certainly yield to the pres- NOT ENCOURAGED TO THINK sure of authorities above them and rest con- "Yes, how can you expect teachers to think tent with this starvation diet curriculum ." **** * when they are tied hand and foot. To tell * * a teacher what she shall teach and when MORAL CHARACTER IS HURT she shall teach it, and to count success to "Certain fine character aspects of life, the attitudes be only and exactly that children shall suc- and appreciations, will suffer in such a regime. We cessfully pass these mechanical subject- have seen the evil tendency toward cramming. In its matter tests – all this I say is to treat a extreme form this may be found as cheating. Perhaps teacher as a factory operative. Under such most of all is it true that education, to be morally educa- a regime a teacher may be a skilled artisan, tive, requires that children live as a social group in but an artisan and thinker, no. She has no the school with the teacher as the comrade and social chance. In fact she is not expected to think. arbiter. But if assignment and penalty be stressed, an 'Hers not to reason why, hers but to teach opposition between teacher and pupils is all but inevit- and dry - up. That's what I say, and I able. This means that the child spends from eight have seen it happen too often. " to twelve years of his life thinking of those in closest Suppose I have to give my pupils weekly grade authority over him as his opponents. A good part of marks. The regulations require it. Then I'll try to his efforts will be spent in 'beating the game. ' If there manage these marks so that they will do as little harm can be a worse training for citizenship it would be hard as possible. Instead of calling attention to them as if to find it. " * * * * * * * they were the be-all and end-all of school work, I'll try (Continued on Page 58) From the Masthead by The Lookout "Tis like stirring living embers when at eighty one remembers All the achings and the quakings of 'the times that tried men's souls :' When I talk of Whig and Tory, when I tell the Rebel story , To you the words are ashes, but to me they're living coals. " --OLIVER Wendell HOLMES, "Grandmother's Story of Bunker Hill Battle. " TO the Teachers of Chicago: To date the President of the Chicago Saturday, September 26, 1925, and after the Principals' Club has failed to report the name of each school, these items : 1. result of the Teachers ' Number of teachers vote of September 24, A FAIR CHALLENGE in school. 2. Number as I challenged him to Margaret Haley's challenge to President voting 'Yes.' 3. Num- do in the Bulletin of Beers of the Principals' association, to pub- ber voting 'No.' 4. September 30. lish the complete returns of the recent so- Number not voting. called teachers' referendum on the salary in- 5. Number blank bal- The Chicago Tri- crease schedule, is fair enough . As THE bune of October 3 lots cast." POST pointed out at the time, the actual num- says: "According to ber of teachers who refrained from voting at On the opposite Mr. Beers the vote all was concealed in percentage figures, and page is a photographic was: Yes, 4,405 ; No, the impression left that a decisive majority reproduction of the favored the proposed increases . 3,135 ; not voting, printed "slip" entitled, Miss Haley contends that only 36 per cent 859. " These figures of the total teaching force voted "yes ." If " The Superinten- show that Mr. Beers this be true it would discount the value of the * dent's Salary Sched- hasaccounted for only balloting as a means of securing moral sup- ule," one copy of 8,499 teachers of the port for the more than dubious salary project. which the President of Since the manifest intention was to influence total 11,816 teachers the Chicago Princi- the public by creating the impression of a in the schools, leaving pals' Club, Mr. Beers, strong demand upon the part of the teachers, 3,317 or about 30 per the public is entitled to all the facts . sent to the principal cent of that total not THE POST understands the interest of the of each school on Sep- accounted for ; these principals in promoting the adoption of the tember 24 with his increase schedule. A case can be made for letter of that date ask- figures show that 63 raising their pay, and they, naturally enough, per cent of the total ing the principal to feel strongly about it. But THE POST dis- 11,816 teachers either likes the manner of propaganda , which they take that vote of the voted " No" or did not have pursued with the approval of authority, teachers at noon or re- vote at all on that and the effort to attain their own ends by in- cess of that day "with- schedule. dorsing promises to others which the board out any discussion." may be quite unable to fulfill if it fails to get I reiterate my chal- increased revenue. Miss Haley's fear that the As this photo- lenge of September adoption of the schedule might result in a graphic reproduction 30 to the President of temporary raise of pay, with a later cut when shows , Mr. Beers the Chicago Princi- resources were exhausted is not without basis asked that this slip be pals' Club to "send to in experience and in the facts of the present posted on the bulletin situation . every school for the board. Editorial , Chicago Post , inspection of the Oct 5 , 1925 . You will note the teachers the written provision protecting comments and figures from diminution the of every principal (opposite the name of the salaries of teachers now teaching, printed at school) as reported to the Principals' Club, the bottom of this "slip," thus creating the October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 45 impression that this provision is a part of she questions. " Further, the chairman of the Superintendent's Salary Schedule. the committee did say that stenographic The teachers of Chicago have a right to notes of what had transpired at that meeting ask and to know from the President of the would be sent to the superintendent and if Principals' Club whether it was because he he in his judgment believed that there did not know the facts herein stated, or should be some modification, and brought because he did know these facts that in a recommendation, that he thought the this " slip" was sent to the principals on board would be glad to co-operate with the September 26 with his letter of that date Superintendent. requesting them to take that vote of the Teachers Hear Discussion teachers at noon or recess of that same day That meeting was held on Saturday after- and directed that this be taken without any noon, April 18, at 3:30 o'clock, and the discussion . room was filled with teachers who heard the ASDT whole discussion. Not only that, but I Principals Protected printed a complete stenographic report of The Finance Committee of the Board of that meeting in the Bulletin of May 1, 1925 . Education, on Saturday, April 18, 1925 , That Bulletin was sent to the homes of without a dissenting vote, passed a resolu- more than 6,000 teachers . tion recommending to the board the adop- Immediately after the close of that Saturday tion of the "proposed new salary schedule afternoon meeting I had a copy made of the which the Superintendent presented to the resolution adopted by the committee and board on March 11 , 1925. That committee took it to Attorney I. T. Greenacre together took that action April 18, notwithstanding with a copy of the printed proceedings of the fact that on that day I showed the com- the Board of Education of March 11 , 1925 , mittee that the adoption of the Superintend- containing the thirteen-page Salary Report ent's Schedule would automatically operate of the Superintendent (Report No. 11013, to cut the salary of all teachers now teach- page 840-842 ) . I asked him to give me an ing wherever the present salary of any opinion on that point, in regard to present teacher is higher than the salary of the cor- teachers ' salaries , raised before the commit- responding year of the Superintendent's tee ; also, on other points raised in the Schedule. I also showed the committee that resolution, among them the provision for the principals were protected in the Super- authorizing the Superintendent to retard in- intendent's Schedule . dividuals on the schedule . While the committe passed this resolu- Mr. Greenacre spent Sunday getting the tion without making any change in it, the opinion ready and delivered it to me Mon- committee did adjourn that day to hold day and I sent a copy to Mr. Mullenbach another meeting on the following Tuesday, that day. We had 5,000 copies of the April 21 , as the chairman said, “ In view of resolution and 5,000 copies of Mr. Green- the remarks of Miss Haley, calling our acre's opinion printed on Monday for dis- attention specifically to some of the items tribution at a meeting of the Federation BEERS' SALARY " SLIP" Photographic Reproduction Please post on the bulletin board. G. A. BEERS . THE SUPERINTENDENT'S SALARY SCHEDULE (Now pending before the Board) TEACHERS Senior High School Year of Elementary Junior High Senior High Limited Certificate Service Proposed Present Proposed Present Proposed Present Proposed Present 1 $1500 ($1500) $1800 ($ 1800) $2000 ($2000 ) $1800 ($1800) 2 1550 ( 1625 ) 1900 ( 2000 ) 2100 ( 2200) 1900 ( 2000) 3 1600 ( 1750) 2000 ( 2200 ) 2200 ( 2400) 2000 ( 2200) 4 1800 ( 1875 ) 2200 ( 2400) 2450 ( 2600) 2200 ( 2400 ) 5 2000 ( 2000) 2400 ( 2550 ) 2700 ( 2800) 2400 ( 2550 ) 6 2250 ( 2125 ) 2700 ( 2700) 3100 ( 3000) 2700 ( 2700) 7 2500 ( 2250 ) 3000 ( 2850) 3500 ( 3200) 3000 ( 2850) 8 2750 ( 2375 ) 3300 ( 3000 ) 3900 ( 3400 ) 3300 ( 3000 ) 9 3000 ( 2500) 3700 ( 3150) 4300 ( 3600) 3600 ( 3150 ) 10 3250 ( 2500) -4100 ( 3300 ) 4700 ( 3800 ) 3900 ( 3300 ) No one now teaching shall by operation of the new schedule 'suffer dimunition of salary but shall continue at his present salary including bonuses until he reaches a year in which his salary under the old schedule is less than it would be under the new schedule at which time he shall pass automatically to the new schedule. Page 46 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 which we then called to be held at the Capitol Build- acre's opinion and complained that the Superintendent ing after school on Tuesday, April 21 . did not attend that meeting of the committee nor the During the morning session of the adjourned meeting one held on Saturday, April 18. The stenographic of the Finance Committee (on Tuesday) , the Secre- record of the April 21 meeting shows that Mr. Wight, tary read two letters, one from the Superintendent of who represented the Superintendent, told the Committee Schools saying he had read the transcript of the Satur- the Superintendent was at the conference held on day meeting and that “there is nothing in the transcript Saturday, April 18. (Mr. Mullenbach's remarks and which requires any modification of the schedule," that the discussion following were printed in the Bulletin teachers now teaching, are protected from diminution of May 1 . of salary in his schedule. As the Board of Education was to meet the next The other letter which the Secretary read was from day, Wednesday, April 22, and that resolution was to me transmitting an amendment prepared by Mr. Green- be presented to the Board as adopted on Saturday, thus acre to protect from diminution the salaries of teachers ending all opportunity for public discussion of the whole now teaching. matter, a committee from the Chicago Teachers' Federa- tion, of which I was a member, went to see Mayor Dever at 4 o'clock Tuesday afternoon at the same Mr. Greenacre's Opinion time that the meeting of the Teachers' Federation was The Committee took no action on either of the com- in session at the Capitol Building. munications. When the Committee was about to adjourn Teachers See Mayor at noon, I asked that it give consideration to the amend- ment which I had presented with my letter and I then Our committee took to the Mayor the opinion of Mr. presented Mr. Greenacre's opinion in support of that Greenacre; a copy of the proceedings of the Board of amendment. I gave a copy to the chairman and secre- Education of March 11 , 1925 , containing the Superin- tary and every member of the Board present. tendent's thirteen-page Salary Report ; the resolution Mr. Greenacre's opinion stated specifically that that passed by the Finance Committee adopting the Superin- tendent's Schedule ; the Superintendent's letter, and the resolution which the Committee had adopted on Satur- day did not protect from diminution the salaries of amendment to the resolution drafted by Mr. Greenacre teachers now teaching and that there was no provision to protect teachers now teaching, both of which had protecting them in the Superintendent's Schedule. been presented to the Finance Committee that morning but not acted upon. Mr. Greenacre's opinion points out : The Mayor examined the report of the Superin- tendent, Mr. Greenacre's opinion, and the resolution (a) That the resolution of April 18 pro- of the Finance Committee and told our committee that vides for the adoption of the "new sal- Mr. Greenacre was right, that this provision was not a ary schedule " proposed by the Superin- part of the Superintendent's schedule ; that if the Board tendent on March 11 , 1925 . passed that resolution adopting the Superintendent's schedule, the salaries of teachers, wherever the present (b) That the Superintendent's report of salaries are higher than those of corresponding years in March 11 , 1925 contains a number of schedules and also arguments and the Superintendent's Schedule, would be cut. suggestions . Our committee then proceeded at once to the Capitol Building where a meeting of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation was still in session, having waited for us (c) That, as to Class room teachers, the until six o'clock. Our committee reported to them what provision for protecting the present the Mayor had said. I reported what had occurred at teachers from diminution of salary by the meeting of the Finance Committee on Saturday and the adoption of the new schedule was on that day. only a suggestion of the Superin- The next day, April 22, the Board of Education dent, it was not a part of the met. The Finance Committee reported its resolution to salary schedule; that the language the Board without any change and action on it was the Superintendent used in his report, deferred. That resolution was never printed in the namely, "some such provision as the proceedings. It is referred to by number on page 1046 following should be made a part of of the proceedings of that date, Report No. 11448. the schedule, " admits on its face The Board then adopted the Budget but made no pro- that the provision that he suggested is not a part of the schedule . vision in the $400,000 item for New Salary Schedule in the Budget to take care of the salaries of those teachers (d) That as to the principals' provisions in where present salaries are higher than the corresponding the Superintendent's report these "pro- years in the proposed Schedule. The Board then ad- visions are made in, and as a part of journed to meet on the following Monday, April 27. the schedule, and not merely At Recessed Meeting suggested as things which should be made ." At the recessed meeting of the Board on April 27 , a new resolution was presented and adopted. It was Mr. Mullenbach Speaks presented by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, Mr. Smietanka, in substitution for Report No. 11448. Mr. Mullenbach , though not a member of the com- The new resolution is printed on page 1409 of the mittee, was present and when the Committee was about proceedings and contains Mr. Greenacre's provision for to adjourn, raised the points covered in Mr. Green- protecting from diminution, salaries of teachers now 7,146 October 17 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 47 ntende teaching with one important omission which I shall dis- thereby causing a total loss to those teachers of more nort cuss in a later report. The provision adopted is in than $300,000, and that other teachers in the ele- substance the provision set forth in that "slip" Mr. mentary, junior high, and high schools would sustain W Beers sent to the schools, on September 26, as part of even larger losses. the Superintendent's schedule, which it is not. We Those teachers who stayed there all that Saturday eld have objected to the elimination of Mr. Greenacre's afternoon knew that the Finance Committee adjourned words in the provision adopted April 27, and also to on that day to meet again on the following Tuesday, B other matters in connection with the resolution. April 21 , as a result of my showing the need of adding The new Board of Education, appointed by the to the committee's resolution a provision for protecting ne Mayor on April 27, was confirmed by the City Council those teachers omitted in Superintendent's Schedule. on May 13. On May 22 the new Board reconsidered They knew that the Committee had referred the matter the vote taken on April 27 by the old Board on the to the Superintendent of Schools for report. Salary resolution and sent the resolution back to the Those teachers, and the other teachers who stayed 2 Finance Committee where it still remains . It is not until eight o'clock at that Capitol Building meeting on Mar before the Board ? April 21 , were eager listeners to the report that our There has been no discussion of these salary reports committee presented from the Mayor of Chicago ; and at any meeting of the Finance Committee of the new they were eager readers of the printed copies of the resolution of the Finance Committee of the Board of Board. On October 13 , I requested a hearing on behalf on the Chicago Teachers' Federation before the Finance Education and of Mr. Greenacre's opinion thereon. Committee on both salary reports . My request is They took those 5,000 to the teachers in the schools and distributed them. printed elsewhere in this issue. At the request of that meeting I printed in the Bulle- The Teachers Knew tin of May 1 , all of these documents : the resolution of When our interview with Mayor Dever was reported April 18. Mr. Greenacre's Opinion, the Superintendent's at six o'clock on Tuesday, April, 21 , to that meeting Letter of April 20, and my letter and accompanying in the Capitol Building, there were many teachers protective provision; the complete stenographic report of present who were also present at the meeting of the the Finance Committee meeting of April 18, and por- Finance Committee on Saturday afternoon, April 18, tions of the stenographic report of the meeting of which was scheduled to begin at one o'clock. Those April 21. I also printed the resolution adopted by the teachers waited from one o'clock till 3:30 for the Board on April 27. Finance Committee to come out of a closed conference In this issue of the Bulletin are photographic in the President's office. They saw the Superintendent reproductions of the Salary Schedules printed go into that conference, they saw him come out and in the Bulletin of April 16, showing com- leave the building when it was over. They knew he parative losses and gains for all new entrants did not appear before the Finance Committee in the coming into the system and for all teachers open meeting, nor did any representative of the Prin- now teaching if the proposed new Salary cipal's Club appear, nor of the Schools Committee Schedule presented by the Superintendent is 1 which had sent a telegram on April 7, asking the Board adopted as he presented it to the Board of of Education to adopt the Superintendent's Salary Education on March 11, 1925. Schedule. Do the teachers who, at the request of Those teachers heard the Secretary of the Board of principals , are calling on Mayor Dever and Education read that resolution on April 18, of which writing to him and asking his support of the there was only one copy, and which the records show Superintendent's Salary Schedule know that was drafted by Mr. Henry, Secretary of the Finance Mayor Dever sustained Mr. Greenacre's Committee and that Griffenhagen Industrial Engineers had a hand in it. opinion in regard to that schedule on the points here presented and all points ? The teachers heard the motion to adopt the resolution Here's to the principals, who, when they heard, or as soon as it was read; they heard the Secretary read thought they heard, "the voice of authority of position" my written request for a hearing and the vote taken by directing them, refused to demand of the teachers the the Committee allowing me to be heard. surrender of their fundamental right of American citizen- Those teachers knew that that committee, by roll ship the right of free discussion. And here's to the call vote, had denied my previous written request of teachers who, when "the voice of authority of position " April 7, to be heard on that day, or on any other day demanded the surrender of that right, not only refused that the Superintendent's Salary Schedule was to be to surrender that right themselves , but stood up and considered by the committee. demanded it for their fellow teachers— Those teachers knew that meeting of April 18 was In the words of Lowell : the first open meeting of the committee at which this “All honor and praise to the right- hearted bard Salary Schedule report of the Superintendent was dis- Who was true to The Voice when such service was hard cussed since it had been presented to the Board on Who himself was so free he dared sing for the slave March 11 . When to look but a protest in silence was brave . " Those teachers heard me show that silent committee on April 18 that there was no provision in the Superin- tendent's schedule protecting from diminution the salaries of teachers now teaching ; they heard me show that the salaries of hundreds of regular elementary teachers would be cut automatically if that resolution were adopted, Marjentu. Haley Page 48 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 Federation Asks Hearing On Proposed Schedule In order that confusion which followed the published before the Board) . " I respectfully request, on behalf returns on the salary-schedule-ballot taken in the schools of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, a hearing be- Sept. 26 under the direction of the Principals' Club may fore your Committee on the salary schedule reports be cleared up, the Teachers' Federation has petitioned that have been presented to the Board and referred to the Finance committee for a hearing on the salary sched- your Committee- ule reports now before the Committee. The Superintendent's salary schedule report, Following is the letter addressed to the Finance Com- mittee October 13 : Report No. 11013 , presented to the Board on October 13 , 1925 . March 11 , 1925 , and referred to your Commit- tee; To the Finance Committee of the Board of Education, The salary revenue resolution adopted by the 650 S. Clark Street, Chicago. Board on May 27, 1925 , page 1409 (in substitu- Ladies and Gentlemen : tion for the resolution presented to the Board on In order to clear up the confusion and misunderstand- April 22 , 1925 , under Report No. 11448, page ing existing in the minds of the teachers and the public 1046) reconsidered on May 22, 1925 and re- ferred to your Committee. due to conflicting statements, apparently official, given out in regard to the available resources of the Board of The teachers and public are entitled to all the facts Education, and due to the withholding of complete re- concerning these matters so vitally affecting their welfare turns on the ballot of the teachers taken in the schools on and that of the children. September 26 , with the approval of authority and with- Respectfully submitted, out discussion, on a salary schedule purporting to be MARGARET A. HALEY, " The Superintendent's Salary Schedule (now pending Business Representative. Pulpit Scores Time-Keeping Tactics Introduced In Schools Pastor Says Service of Teachers Cannot Be Reckoned By Time Clock That the public is not unmindful of new foibles being cago and as one interested in the problem of education foisted upon the teachers in the Chicago schools is evi- I asked myself some questions when I read that news denced by the comments of educators and journalists in item. I said, is such an order really necessary ? How many and outside of Chicago. teachers have been coming late, shirking on the job to The so-called "time-clock" system, resulting from the suggest it to those in authority? Have they been pay- change in payroll procedure recommended by Grif- ing out the people's tax money for a service the teachers fenhagen and Associates, Industrial Engineers, employed have not been giving ? And how much money will this by the Board of Education at an enormous expense to order save ? How much of added service gained ? the TAX-payers, is the objective of a scathing sermon The efficiency experts, of course, must have all this by the Rev. Clyde McGee, pastor of Bethany Union data in hand. And the facts may prove their case. But Church , Chicago. if so, it is a sad reflection upon the spirit and morale of Extracts from his sermon, "The Extra Mile, " the teaching staff of Chicago schools. I do not believe in which he showed the duties of the first mile are it valid. From my observation and acquaint- those which can be demanded ; those of the "Extra ance over a period of fifteen years I believe Mile" are given freely, joyously and without stint, that the teachers in the public schools are preached Sept. 27 and printed October 2 in "The serving as truly in the spirit of the extra mile Weekly Review," an organ devoted to the interests of as any group or profession in our social body. Beverly Hills, Morgan Park, Washington Heights , It suggests at least that the public might do Longwood Manor and Brainerd, follow : well to give some serious consideration to the "And whosoever shall compel thee to go with him function of the public school teacher in our one mile, go with him two . "-Matthew 5:41 . common life. H. G. Wells has said concerning our The press has recently informed us that the teachers present civilization that it is a race between education in our public schools must hereafter register the hour of and catastrophe. their arrival at school. Henceforth the pay checks will We are being warned on all sides that the present be made up from that register. Perhaps it is a matter order is crumbling and we must look to the school to too insignificant to be noticed, a mere matter of adminis- save us from disaster. And meanwhile the schools are tration routine . growing bigger and bigger , the number of shifts in- I assume no right to instruct anybody on how to crease and the association of teacher with pupil must of run the schools of Chicago. But as a citizen of Chi- ( Continued on Page 57) 7, October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 49 bez Pot Still Boiling Enclosing her check for subscription to The Bulletin, The extent to which supporters of the proposed salary TE a parent whose name is on file in the Federation office schedule are going, to accomplish its adoption, is indi- sends copies of letters she has sent to Chicago news- cated in the report in the following letter sent by papers calling their attention to the grounds on which "A Teacher" to The Bulletin : the teachers "protest" recent practices in the schools. "My dear Miss Haley: "I as a parent, feel that we should help to carry on "Are the teachers of Chicago no longer free? Is it your good work by doing our little bit, " she says in a 7 known by the Chicago Teachers' Federation that cer- letter to Miss Haley. tain Chicago principals are trying to coerce teachers into Addressing The Tribune, she says, "After reading writing letters to Mayor Dever and the President of some of the letters printed in The Tribune voicing a the Board of Education ? 노 lack of understanding as to why the unrest of our "Will you let your voice be ever louder and stronger Chicago school teachers, I beg to respond that I as a until such unjust practices are stopped. By the way, parent feel that the Chicago teachers as a federation many schools, at least the teachers in the schools, do have done more to bring the lagging tax-payers to the not know the result of the poll on the salary schedule. front than any other organization." She calls The Tribune's attention to its article "Twenty-five Years Yours truly, Ago Today, " printed in The Tribune September 27 A TEACHER. " S and reprinted in The Bulletin, September 30. The article showed that 25 years ago the Chicago teachers , led by Miss Haley, threatened mandamus proceedings Cleveland is looking before it leaps. The Chicago to compel assessors to assess public utility corporations Teachers' Federation has received a letter from Charles escaping taxation on $238,000,000. “And they are A. Marple, President of the Cleveland Teachers' Fed- still doing their good work, therefore their protests, " eration, asking for published literature on the platoon adds the parent. schools and their operation. A second letter to The Tribune calls attention to "The platoon system is being tried out experimentally laxity in delay in paying the teachers their salary checks, in a few buildings at present and we desire to have our the delay being occasioned by the new payroll system teachers informed on the subject," says the letter in part. recommended by Griffenhagen and Associates, Indus- A file of Margaret Haley's Bulletin and other literature trial Engineers. This letter shows that the teachers were on the subject have been sent to the Cleveland or- 13 weeks without a pay check : ganization. "The teachers have been without their checks due them September 15 and they are not paid for vacation. R. S. V. P. Can you imagine a bricklayer or some other tradesman going that long without pay? Fancy the Superintend- Teachers have been reporting that not only are they ent of Schools asking the teachers why they protest ? " not sworn at when they have business with the Secre- tary's office but that they are treated with courtesy and consideration. It is said that recently when the pay As The Bulletin goes to press, the Rules Commit- warrants were delayed owing to the installation of the tee has not made a report on the matters pending before new time system, a courteous letter of regret was sent to it, among them, restoration of Councils on school time. all the schools ! What is the matter with the Secretary's office ? The Bulletin thanks its subscribers for their co-opera- tion in patronizing The Bulletin Advertisers. Every "How happy are our teachers here- pleased advertiser is a boost for The Bulletin and The Federation. Before making a purchase will you not Clocked, docked and smocked, all in one year. " look in The Bulletin to see if you cannot get it just as CHICAGO DAILY NEWS . good and just as cheap from a Bulletin Advertiser ? October 15 , 1925 . Page 50 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 The Uniformed and Uninformed Following is part of an editorial Following is part of an interview by William McAndrew, superintend- with Oswald Schlockow, principal of ent of Chicago schools, in the Sep- Public School No. 50, Brooklyn , tember issue of the Educational Re- printed in The New York " World, " view reprinted in the Chicago Journal October 9 , 1925 : of Sept. 30 : "Among the opponents of Super- "In two public schools of Principal intendent McAndrew's suggestion was Oswald Schlockow which I visited in G. Oswald Schlockow, Principal of Brooklyn, the boys were uniformed . There was nothing extravagant in the costume. The children could wear Speak Public School No. 50, Brooklyn, de- scribed in the article in the Educa- tional Review as the Principal of two them anywhere without being conspicu- public schools in which the boys were ous. By co-operative buying the. school reduced expenses of the fam- For uniformed. ily. "Dr. Schlockow declared yester- "I asked the progressive principal day he never had been Principal of for a statement. He sends me these two schools at one time, that none of notes written by one of the teachers: Yourself, his boys had ever worn uniforms and that the boys Superintendent McAn- " 'For the apparel oft proclaims the man. Teachers and supervisors often drew probably had in mind were those in a parade of Public School No. 109, play the part of Polonius in giving ad- vice as to personal appearance. In Oswald! Brooklyn, which the two of them had every classroom, the five minute morn- seen together. ing inspection begins the school day. "Mr. McAndrew said to me, 'Your After giving a rapid survey the teacher boys certainly presented a wonderful has been known to substitute a paper appearance with their uniforms , ' said tie where a genuine one failed to ap- Dr. Schlockow. I corrected him tell- pear with the customary white ing him that they were wearing not waist. uniforms but white blouses . " American Federation of Labor Sustains Chicago Body In Annual Convention A. F. of L. Asks Investigation of Platoons , Junior Highs and Tests In a report by the Convention's committee on Educa- Following is the telegraphic report : tion adopted by the American Federation of Labor. 268 317 Blue 1925 , Oct. 16 , P.M. 4:15 . October 16, 1925, at its annual convention in Atlantic Atlantic City, N. J. , 16. City, an inquiry into the origin and purpose of the Work- Margaret Haley, Study-Play or Platoon system is included. Chicago Teachers' Federation, Victor A. Olander, Secretary of the Illinois Federa- 127 North Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill . tion of Labor and a delegate to the convention , furnished The Bulletin with a telegraphic report of the resolution Following satisfactory Committee Report adopted Eleven O'Clock this morning . for which he spoke on the floor of the convention . The standing committee on Education of the Federa- "We desire to express the earnest hope that the stand- tion of Labor was urged to report its findings on Platoon ing Committee on Education will submit to the Executive Schools, Intelligence Tests and Junior High Schools to Council in the near future a report which will show the the Executive Council. origin and purpose of the Work-Study-Play or Platoon Premature newspaper reports gave the impression that System. the American Federation of Labor convention had not The increasing use of the so called Intelligence Tests sustained the Chicago Federation of Labor and Mr. in our public schools warrants our serious attention and Olander in their stand on platoon schools, Junior High we are glad to note that the standing committee will con- Schools and intelligence tests. (Continued on Page 52) 11,2 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 51 October 17, 1925 Teachers ' Fears Imaginary, Says d Superintendent of Schools Replies to Protest from Schurz High School On Time Clock Scheme LIG Fears of disastrous results upon the morale of teachers actuates the vast majority of our teachers. We know Bro following the newly adopted "time clock" system of that teachers give unsparingly of their time and strength. We registration in the schools, are imaginary, according to the Whenever an emergency arises, they keep on the job Superintendent of Schools who has replied to a resolu- until it is completed, impelled only by their own sense tion of protest against the system, from teachers of Schurz of pride in having done things right. For this overtime high school . The protest was presented to the Board of there has been no return in money ; the return has been Education Oct. 14, and referred to the School Ad- in their own hearts. ministration committee. The position of teacher has always lacked much Below is printed the Superintendent's letter trans- of the dignity it should have, but he has been able to mitting the protest to the Board and also the protest of maintain his own respect and so secure that of others the teachers : by a deep consciousness that he was doing more than M To the Board of Education . he was paid for, that he was not being driven to his Ladies and Gentlemen : duty, but that he worked as the artist, not as the artisan E works. The present system allies teaching with a job I am requested by the teachers of the Schurz High in which tools are dropped at the blowing of a whistle 20 School to present to you the attached resolution to the instead of with a profession in which service is given effect that requirements adopted by you for the im- with joy and without stint. provement of the business of handling the payrolls, a system recommended to you by the auditors whom you To have this joy of service taken away and all employed, allies teaching to a job in which tools are professional pride levelled will, we believe, lead to dis- dropped at the blowing of a whistle, takes away the astrous results. In the first place it may lead the teacher rights and joy of service, levels professional pride and to give merely a time-measured service and in so doing will lead to disastrous results . may rob the schools of many hours for which no pay 4 has ever been given. But far more serious is the You have always recognized the right of members fact that it will give the teacher an abiding of the department to express their opinion concerning sense of injustice because of this lack of rec- any governmental action. In my reply to the teachers ognition of what he has done and what he of the Schurz High School I expressed a doubt as to has tried to stand for. A man may drive rivets the validity of their conclusions. Insomuch as a large and nurse a grievance, but no one can guide the youth number of schools, hospitals, post offices, and other of this land to higher civic ideals if he himself feels governmental services require a more strict record of that he has been undervalued, misunderstood, and that arrival and departure than your new system does, inso- those whom he has tried so hard to serve are being much as no degradation of professional standards, no taught to regard him as a shirker who must be com- humiliation, no intimation that the workers are slackers pelled by force to maintain a minimum standard when or that they drop their tools at the blowing of a whistle he knows he has given freely from his heart. or otherwise inferior in service to our good people here, is discoverable in organizations which require an accu- Further, the conscientious teacher, and these we be- rate record of arrival and departure, I am constrained lieve and know form the vast majority, feels that little to inform our good friends in the Schurz High School will be gained by branding all as slackers. The schools that their fears are largely imaginary. have never been without the means of knowing whether WM . MCANDREW. teachers were present or not. A principal is fully cog- September 23 , 1925 . nizant of the tardy and absent members of his faculty Enclosures . and is responsible for the morale of his school. We Communication from Schurz High School Teachers, believe that no mechanical device can ever September 21 . replace his influence in upholding a high McAndrew-Laughlin, September 24 . standard of duty, a spirit of loyal service, McAndrew-James, September 23 . and a willingness to spend and be spent for McAndrew-Hanson, September 23 . the highest good of the community. Again, McAndrew-Stillman, September 23 . one of the items in a teacher's efficiency mark is "pro- * * ** * * * fessional spirit. " How can professional spirit be main- tained when the worker is put on a level with the PROTEST OF SCHURZ unskilled laborer ? Schurz H. S. , Sept. 21 , 1925 . We believe, therefore, that the system lacks efficiency, It is not in a spirit of insubordination but in one of will cause serious lack of morale, will actually cost the serious concern that we respectfully ask your thought- schools many hours of working time now freely dedi- ful consideration of a few of the many reasons which cated to them by a loyal body of earnest men and make the high school teachers feel that the "time women who are trying to uphold their dignity, not from system" recently inaugurated in our schools will be any silly " white collar" pride but because they must productivé of harm rather than good. maintain it to guide the youth of this country to the The thing that rankles most is that it takes no account highest ideals. of the spirit of service which we believe and know (List of names on file.) Page 52 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 A. F. of L. Sustains action taken by the Chicago Federation of (Continued from Page 50) Labor were rendered imperative by the tactics tinue to investigate this subject. It is charged that in resorted to by the Chicago Board of Educa- some cities the Junior High School is used to discourage tion during the year 1924. We believe it the regular high school. The standing committee, we proper to say that nothing contained in the are informed, is seeking information on this point and report of the Standing Committee on Educa- we urge that its findings in this respect be submitted to tion nor the report of your committee is in- the Executive Council in the not distant future. The tended to in any degree contradict anything most comprehensive report prepared by State and City said in the Chicago report referred to herein. Trade Union Committees on the Joint subject of Junior High Schools, Intelligence Tests and Work-Study-Play Your committee submits the foregoing observations and or Platoon System is the report of the Chicago Federa- recommendations firmly convinced of the imperative need tion of Labor in the compilation of which the officers of for the utmost caution and alertness being constantly the Illinois State Federation of Labor co-operated with exercised in all matters affecting the Educational policies the Chicago body. of our schools ." The necessity and the wisdom of the com- VICTOR A. OLANDER, pilation and publication of that report and Secretary Illinois Federation of Labor. The Larger the Group, the Smaller the Salary 8,602 Elementary Teachers 266 Elementary Principals 2,466 High School Teachers Comparative Size of the Three Main Groups of Teachers, in the Chicago Schools Comprising 11,334 of the Tota 12,102 Members of the Education Department . Comparisons of Gains and Losses to Principals and Teachers and of Aggregate ( Cumulative) Salaries in the Chicago Public Schools if the Proposed Salary Schedule is Adopted. Elementary Teachers Elementary Principals LOWER GROUP LOWER GROUP Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 1 $ 1500 1500 $ $ 1500 $ 1500 0 0 1 $4000 $4000 $3000 $3000 $1000 0 2 1550 3050 1625 3125 0 $75 2 4250 8250 3200 6200 2050 0 3 1600 4650 1750 4875 0 225 3 4500 12750 3400 9600 3150 0 4 1800 6450 1875 6750 0 300 4 4750 17500 3600 13200 4300 0 5 2000 8450 2000 8750 0 300 5 5000 22500 3800 17000 5500 0 UPPER GROUP . UPPER GROUP . 6 2250 10700 2125 10875 0 175 6 5250 27750 4000 21000 6750 0 7 2500 13200 2250 13125 $75 0 7 5500 33250 4200 25200 8050 0 8 2750 15950 2375 15500 450 0 8 5750 39000 4400 29600 9400 0 9 3000 18950 2500 18000 950 0 9 6000 45000 4600 34200 10800 0 10 3250 22200 2500 20500 1700 0 10 6250 51250 4800 39000 12250 0 October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 53 ab コ Assistant to Principals, Elementary and E Head Teachers of the Deaf. NE MAY ECONOMIZE IN elier LOWER GROUP . many ways with profit to di Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- health as well as to purse, of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss but cheap food, lacking 1 $ 1750 $ 1750 $ 1750 $ 1750 0 0 quality, is never an economy for it he to 2 1800 3550 1875 3625 0 $ 75 exacts a heavier price than ever is 3 1850 5400 2000 5625 0 225 paid in money. Good food is the 30 4 2050 7450 2125 7750 0 300 foundation of good health and good 5 2250 9700 2250 10000 0 300 health is priceless. UPPER GROUP . ‫ما‬ 6 2500 12200 2375 12375 0 175 7 2750 14950 2500 14875 75 0 8 3000 17950 2625 17500 450 0 9 10 3250 3500 > 21200 24700 2750 2750 20250 950 23000 1700 0 0 HENRICI'S WM. M. COLLINS, President Teachers of Manual Training and Physical 67 W. Randolph St. Education. 7 A. M. to Midnight LOWER GROUP . Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative TR Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss YO Our ShoesOAre UBLGreat Pain STO P UR FOOTRelievers. InES stock or 1 $1500 $1500 $1750 $1750 0 $250 Made to Order. 2 1550 0 575 A. 3050 1875 3625 10% DISCOUNT SLATIN 3 1600 4650 2000 5625 0 975 Shoe Specialist. 4810 N. Kimball Ave. 4 1800 6450 2125 7750 0 1300 At Lawrence. Keystone 9595 5 2000 8450 2250 10000 0 1550 UPPER GROUP . FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Teachers Solicited Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles 6 2250 10700 2375 12375 0 1675 Repairing and Remodeling 7 2500 13200 2500 14875 0 1675 25 Years' Experience Designing to Individual Taste 8 2750 15950 2625 17500 0 1550 LEVEY & CO. Republic Bldg . 209 S. State St. 9 3000 18950 2750 20250 0 1300 10 3250 22200 2750 23000 0 800 (Note : This group has no gain until the twelfth WHAT SCHOOL? year.) Catalogues and reliable information about all Schools and Col- leges free of charge. Complete Directory of all educational institu- tions in U. S. 480 pages , $ 1.00. Vocational guidance, Financial (Continued on next page) Aid to students . Educational Aid Society 702 Marshall Field Bldg . 110 N. Wabash Ave. Tel . Dearborn 6144 Out of the Mouths of Babes A district superintendent in New York was known Now Is the Time to Select Your by the appellation of "Gum Shoe Tim. " A pupil who Fur Coat had seen this superintendent in the hall, rushed into his Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at room breathlessly and whispered to his teacher who was STAEDTER'S giving a physical training lesson, "Teacher, Gum Shoe 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. Tim is in the building and your jumper is out ! " Page 54 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 Junior High Principals LOWER GROUP CHICAGO Year Proposed Cumu- lative Present Cumu- lative Cumu- lative Cumu- lative CIVICCOPERA of Schedule Schedule 1 2 $4250 4500 Salary $4250 8750 Schedule $3600 3800 Salary $ 3600 7400 Gain $650 1350 Loss 0 0 3 4750 13500 4000 11400 2100 0 AN INSTITUTION A VALUE AN OPPORTUNITY 2900 0 4 5000 18500 4200 15600 5 5250 23750 4400 20000 3750 0 UPPER GROUP FOURTH SEASON OPENS TUES. NOV. 3 6 5500 29250 4600 24600 4650 0 4800 29400 5600 0 with Chicago premiere of 7 5750 35000 8 6000 41000 5000 34400 6600 0 "Der Rosenkavalier" 9 6250 47250 5200 39600 7650 0 10 6500 53750 5400 45000 8750 0 Subscribers enjoy first choice of seats , plus economy-Only a few days left Subscription sale closes Saturday, October 25 Senior High Principals ONE GROUP ONLY Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss The Brilliant Artistic Personnel Includes 1 $5000 $ 5000 $ 4300 $4300 $700 0 2 5500 10500 4500 8800 1700 0 Sopranos 3 6000 16500 4700 13500 3000 0 Dal Monte, Toti Kurenko, Maria Norelli , Stella (New) (Guest) 4 6500 23000 4900 18400 4600 0 Forrai, Olga Pareto, Graziella Macbeth, Florence 5 7000 30000 5100 23500 6500 0 Freund, Helen Raisa , Rosa Mason, Edith 6 7500 37500 5300 28800 8700 0 Garden, Mary Miura , Tamaki Sawyer, Eleanor d'Hermanoy, Alice (Guest) ( New) 7 7500 45000 5500 34300 10700 0 Kerr , Elizabeth Muzio, Claudia Shear, Clara (New) S 7500 52500 5700 40000 12500 0 Mezzo - Sopranos and Contraltos (Note : Maximum for Principals of Schools hav- ing less than one hundred teachers to be $7000. Claessens, Maria Homer, Louise Nadworney, Devora Correnti, Anna Lenska, Augusta (New) Maximum for Principals having one hundred or d'Alvarez,Marguerite Meisle, Kathryn Pavloska , Irene more teachers to be $7500 . ) (Guest) Van Gordon, Cyrena Baritones Tenors Basses Baklanoff , Georges Ansseau , Fernand Beck, William Cotreuil, Edouard Cortis, Antonio Bonelli , Richard Kipnis, Alexander Hackett, Charles (New) Lazzari , Virgilio Lamont, Forrest Defrere, Desire Nicolich, Antonio Formichi , Cesare Marshall , Charles Morelato, Gildo Trevisan, Vittorio Teachers of Deaf, Crippled and Truants Mojica, Jose LOWER GROUP Oliviero, Lodovico Rimini , Giacomo Year Cumu- Cumu Cumu- Cumu- Ritch , Theodore Ruffo, Titta (Guest) Proposed lative Present lative lative lative of (New) Steel, Robert (New) Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss Schipa , Tito Torti, Ernesto (New) 1 $1500 $1500 $ 1675 $1675 0 $175 MUSICAL DIRECTOR 2 1550 3050 1800 3475 0 425 Giorgio Polacco 3 1600 4650 1925 5400 0 750 Conductors Assistant Conductors 4 1300 6450 2050 7450 0 1000 5 2000 8450 2175 9625 0 1175 Grovletz, Gabriel (New) Bigali, Dino Moranzoni , Roberto Lauwers , Charles UPPER GROUP Polacco, Giorgio Sabino, Antonio (New) 6 2250 10700 2300 11925 0 1225 Weber, Henry G. St. Leger, Frank 7 2500 13200 2425 14350 0 1150 Spadoni , Giacomo S 2750 15950 2550 16900 0 950 9 3000 18950 2675 19575 0 625 FOR DETAILED INFORMATION CALL SUB- 10 3250 22200 2675 22250 0 50 SCRIPTION DEPARTMENT , AUDITORIUM THEATRE , OPEN DAILY 9 A. Μ . ΤΟ 5 Р. М. (Continued on next page) Ask about the " opera mileage book " HAVE YOU -a comfort, convenience and economy Paid your Bulletin subscription? Please don't forget with greater flexibility than subscrip- it today. It inconvenienced the teachers when they tion, especially applicable to the re- didn't get their pay checks on time. It inconveniences quirements of teachers . The Bulletin when it doesn't get your subscription checks on time. We haven't any industrial engineers to clutter up our machinery in receiving checks. Have you any delaying your subscription checks ? October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 55 High School Teachers-General BY ALL MEANS Certificate If your feet give you trouble of any kind don't give up until you have tried LOWER GROUP SOCKET FIT SHOES. Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative Comfort in Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss every step $2000 0 0 1 $2000 $2000 $2000 2 2100 4100 2200 4200 0 $100 3 2200 6300 2400 6600 0 300 4 2450 8750 2600 9200 0 450 5 2700 11450 2800 12000 0 550 UPPER GROUP D. C. LOCKE'S 6 3100 14550 3000 15000 0 450 7 3500 18050 3200 18200 0 150 In the SOCKET FIT Formerly 8 3900 21950 3400 21600 $350 0 the 9 4300 26250 3600 25200 1050 0 Lobby SHOE STORE College 10 4700 30950 3800 29000 1950 0 Boot Shops 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Bldg. Shop CHICAGO. ILLINOIS Junior High School Teachers Exclusive...butnotExpensive A Discount of LOWER GROUP Year of 1 Proposed Schedule Schedule $1800 $1800 Cumu- lative Salary Present Schedule $1800 Cumu- lative Salary $1800 Cumu lative Gain 0 Cumu- lative Loss 0 Murray- BlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers 3800 0 $100 Ground Floor 2 1900 3700 2000 Between Madison and Washingten 3 2000 5700 2200 6000 0 300 4 2200 7900 2400 8400 0 500 Chicago's Greatest 5 2400 10300 2550 10950 0 650 FUR SALE UPPER GROUP MUSKRAT COATS-Silver Skins trimmed with Red Fox 6 2700 13000 2700 13650 0 650 collar and deep border. Full 2850 16500 0 500 length. 7 3000 16000 Special $195 8 3300 19300 3000 19500 0 200 HUDSON SEAL-Luxurious 0 full length models . Skunk 9 3700 23000 3150 22650 $350 (Marten) Squirrel trimmed. 4100 27100 3300 25950 1150 0 Special 10 at $250 CARACUL COATS-In the new shade of Chestnut Brown, trimmed with Fox collar and cuffs . Full length. Special at $150 High School Teachers-Limited Certificate JAP MINK-Beautifully trim- med with Fox collar, cuffs and LOWER GROUP deep border. $395 ‫יי‬ Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- For only ‫ני‬ ‫ימ‬ Year Cumu- RACCOON COATS for the col- lative lative of Proposed lative Present lative lege girl. Flapper and Tomboy Gain Loss Raccoon coats. Made to sell Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary 0 for $450 . 42 inches long. Dark $1300 $ 1800 $ 1800 $ 1800 0 skins. 1 $235 3700 2000 3800 0 $100 Special at 2 1900 MARMINK COATS-Beautiful- 2200 6000 0 300 3 2000 5700 ly finished, ance. smart Mink Impressive appear- examples of 7900 2400 8400 0 500 4 2200 workmanship. Specially priced 2550 10950 0 650 this sale, 5 2400 10300 from $115 UPPER GROUP Storage | Small Deposit> Accepted 2700 13650 0 650 6 2700 13000 Written Guarantee 2850 16500 0 500 7 3000 16000 With Every Coat 3000 19500 0 200 8 3300 19300 MURRAY- BLACK CO . 3150 22650 $250 0 9 3600 22900 21 N. Wabash Ave. 3300 25950 850 0 10 3900 26800 Between Madison and Washington (Continued on next page) HAIR TINTING BY LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) Not an ordinary process-but a proven method, backed by years of success . Do the Children Know ? Special Club Rates For Teachers LOIS STUDIOS Call State 5089 One of Chicago's tallest district superintendents vis- Room 808. 14 W. Washington St. ited the school of one of Chicago's shortest principals. A teacher in the school had previously warned the children that if the superintendent of schools came into TEACHING A PLEASURE When You Wear Our the room and there was a piece of paper on the floor PHYSICAL CULTURE he would see it and not them. Contrary to rule, the Combination Last Shoes . That Have Style Plus Comfort waste paper basket was in plain view. We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required Service That Pleases As the children passed out, one was heard to re- BRUNS BOOTERY mark, "I don't think HE saw the waste basket but 6 N. Michigan Blvd., Third Floor Jeff did! " Page 56 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 Something Every Teachers of Household Arts, Chicago and C. C. S. School for Boys and Juvenile De- Teacher Should linquent Homes. Know- LOWER GROUP . OME years ago, a number of Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- college presidents , clergymen , of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative and Child- Welfare workers or- Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss ganized the Pure Literature 1 $1500 $1500 $1700 $ 1700 0 $200 League. Their purpose was to discourage 2 1550 3050 1825 3525 0 475 the reading of the mass of weak, trivial and 3 1600 4650 1950 5475 0 825 pernicious juvenile literature that was flood- ing the country, by guiding teachers and 4 1800 6450 2075 7550 0 1100 parents in the selection of such good, inter- 5 2000 8450 2200 9750 0 1300 esting, and elevating reading as would build high ideals for the children. The league UPPER GROUP . was conceived in the idea of service to the boys and girls of America. 6 2250 10700 2325 12075 0 1375 In making its recommendations, the league 7 2500 13200 2450 14525 0 1325 soon discovered that it was desirable not 8 2750 15950 2575 17100 0 1150 only to suggest the kind of reading, but to 9 3000 18950 2700 19800 0 850 also furnish a definite plan and the material to carry out the plan. 10 3250 22200 2700 22500 0 300 After a conference, Thomas Bailey Ald- (Note : This group has no gain until the eleventh rich, Henry Van Dyke, William Jewett year.) Tucker, Hamilton Wright Mabie, and more than a score of others equally as eminent, were induced to work out this plan and make the selections for the league . Teachers of Eighth Grade, Science, Printing, The result was The Young Folks' Subnormal, Aenemic, Epileptic, Home for Girls, Hospital, Open Air, and Adults . Library. The enthusiastic endorsements of parents and educators from all parts of the LOWER GROUP. country are evidence that this work has been done in the way that you have a right to Year Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- of Proposed Cumulative Present lative lative lative expect from men and women of such high Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss standing. 1 $1500 $ 1500 $ 1600 $ 1600 0 $100 This library is not merely a collection of 2 1550 3050 1725 3325 0 275 books or stories , it is the material substance of a wonderful idea.. This idea is, to put 3 1600 4650 1850 5175 0 525 into the hands and before the eyes of chil- 4 1800 6450 1975 7150 0 700 dren, from the time they are able to toddle 5 2000 8450 2100 9250 0 800 until they go forth to do battle with life, shining examples of successful manhood and womanhood. These stories are brimful of UPPER GROUP . human interest . 6 2250 10700 2225 11475 0 775 A chart, outlining character building and 7 2500 13200 2350 13825 0 625 the Young Folks' Library, is free for the asking. Mail us your name and address 8 2750 15950 2475 16300 0 350 today. 9 3000 18950 2600 18900 50 0 10 3250 22200 2600 21500 700 0 YOUNG FOLKS' LIBRARY, Room 1409—189 W. Madison St. , Chicago, Ill . Please send me without cost or obligation, the Didn't Take character chart and outline of The Young Folks' Library. Mrs. Brown-"Did your son get a certificate from Name the grammar school ? " Address Mrs. Town-“ No. All he got was his vaccination scar . Mentally he was so healthy that his education wouldn't take . " -London Answers . ber October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 57 Pulpit Scores icag (Continued from Page 48) necessity become less possible. And yet it is to the ven school system we entrust our children day after day, year after year, for the most forma- tive period of their lives. And whether we are aware of its meaning or not, the very act involves a great faith, a faith in the teacher.. C The Need of Mutual Trust G For myself I would not, if I could help it, trust my child to a teacher who is working for wages only, a teacher who is doing her Youthful Frocks and Coats work in the spirit of the first mile. The ends Ultra Individual in Design for of education demand a mutual trust . Demo- School-Street-Afternoon-Evening cracy itself is an adventure in friendliness We extenddiscount courtesy and charge accounts and is never the fruit of compulsion. I do Special features arranged for Saturday not want it suggested to the teacher of my shopping announced to teachers by mail child that she is being watched. I am asking Our first teachers Benefit Sale announced to you by mail, of the teacher a service that cannot be com- Saturday, Oct. 31 . Fill out and mail this coupon : pelled, cannot be paid for in money, that can 1 not be reckoned by a time clock, or measured 1 by a wage standard. Their work is a failure Name. unless it be given in the spirit of the extra Address . mile. They should be given our fullest con- 1 fidence and trust. In religion, too, we fall back on first mile demands 1 and processes. "Go to, now, " we say, "we will regulate peoples' thinking by law. " Thought is standardized. All conduct must be subjected to authoritative tests and measurements . We put our moral and theological BettyWales Shops 65-67 E. Madison St. Wilson Ave. at Sheridan watchmen on guard. We are reminded of the old school- AND IN EVANSTON-ORRINGTON HOTEL master who closed a sermon to his boys from the sixth New York Shop at Fifth Ave. and 36th St. beatitude by saying : "Now, boys, be pure in heart, for if you're not, I'll flog you till you are. " And piety becomes thereby the punctilious performance of petty requirements, religion a conformity to a set of regula- tions or the acceptance of a stereotyped formula. We Cantilever have our creeds, but the creative spirit dies within us. We stand up in our pulpits and repeat old phrases but have no life giving word to utter. We look for our salvation to organization and machinery and coercive ☑ Shoe for men andwomen measures and that is why our souls are not saved. We Teachers especially neat rounded toes in- spend our time bargaining and compelling, forgetting appreciate the Canti- sure correct posture. that the good things of life lie along the way of the lever shoe, because it extra mile. means easy comfort Every teacher owes it to herself to try a when standing, and makes walking a pair of these wonder- Teachers of Blind, Correction of ful shoes . Hundreds Speech, and Parental School Teachers pleasant exercise in- stead of a trial . are wearing them LOWER GROUP The flexible shank now and enjoying Lear Cumu- Cumu Cumu Cumu- perfect comfort. of Proposed lative Present lative lative lative gives gentle support Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss to the arch, and the See our special 1 $1500 $ 1500 $1550 $ 1550 0 $50 well-shaped heels and hosiery offer below. 2 1550 3050 1675 3225 0 175 3 1600 4650 1800 5025 0 375 4 1800 6450 1925 6950 0 500 3 Chicago FREE ! 5 2000 8450 2050 9000 0 550 Stores To Teachers who UPPER GROUP Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- Cumu- LOOP have not yet worn Year of Proposed lative Present lative lativo lative Cantilever's-a $2.00 Schedule Schedule Salary Schedule Salary Gain Loss 3rd Floor , Butler Bldg . 162 N. State St. pair of guaranteed 6 2250 10700 2175 11175 0 475 UPTOWN silk hose will be 2500 13200 2300 13475 0 275 7 1050 Leland Ave. given FREE with 2750 15950 2425 15900 $50 0 your first pair. Bring 8 WOODLAWN 9 3000 18950 2550 18450 500 0 6410 Cottage Grove this coupon. Ave. 10 3250 22200 2550 21000 1200 0 Page 58 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 (Continued from Page 43 ) to distract attention from such extraneous incentives and We Teach fasten it on the inherent interests of the work itself. " "Suppose the course of study fixes just what you have to teach and leaves you little or no time for any- COMMERCIAL thing else. What would you do ? " HOW DEAL WITH A FIXED COURSE ART "That I admit is about as hard a situation as I could have to face. I did face it once for a year, and like young Hannibal of old I then 'swore eternal enmity' Meyer Both Company, thelargest com- to such a scheme a vow, I may add, that I have kept. Usually I should advise one to leave such a mercial art organization in the world offers you a practical training based upon 25 years of system if possible. If, however, you cannot, then stay successful experience in serving leading advertisers and accept facts as they are, but use all your power to everywhere . This nationally known organization each change affairs. And work along a variety of lines. year produces and sells to advertisers over 15,000 commercial drawings . Our graduates are today filling First, use all the leeways the situation attractive positions in practically every section of the allows you in dealing with your own class, country . Only from an institution of this kind can come a training in which there is so intimate a tie up between and that's more than you might at first think. theory and practice, so direct a contact with the field . Second, get as many people as you can in You secure the same information that we successfully use the system to study and learn about better in our daily activities . If you have a knack for drawing things . Third , agitate—properly—for better send for illustrated book telling of the success of our students and the unusual opportunities for you in this regulations. If you are tactful and persistent, fascinating field . you may accomplish much.” ******* MEYER BOTH COMPANY STANDARD NORMS Michigan Ave. at 20th St. Dept. 107 "You recognize that most so-called norms merely CHICAGO , ILL. represent existing practice ; that is, what can be got under present curricular and teaching conditions. Whether they should be accepted as standards is quite another matter." * * * * * * * Announces the following BERTHА ОТТ CONCERT and RECITALS under her management during October "I do not without special consideration accept such Return Engagement-Paul Whiteman (himself) and orchestra, concert, norms as standards. Don't you see that your 100,000 Sunday afternoon , October 18th, at 3:30 at the Auditorium Theatre. Seats $ 1.00, $ 1.50, $2.00, $2.50, plus 10% tax. children merely represent the results of present efforts Themy Georgi, tenor, recital, Sunday afternoon, October 18th, at 3:30 at the Studebaker Theatre. Seats $ 1.00, $ 1.50, plus 10% tax. at classroom teaching. But present efforts may be wrong. Ossip Gabrilowitsch, pianist, first of six historical recitals, Sunday afternoon, Possibly we should not put column addition where it October 18th, at 3:30 at the Princess Theatre. Seats $ 2.00, $ 1.50, $ 1.00, plus 10% tax. now is taught. Counting thousands or even millions of Isabel Richardson Molter, dramatic soprano, recital, Sunday, October 25th , at 3:30 . Seats $1.50 and $ 1.00, plus 10% tax. children doesn't tell us whether it belongs where we Tickets can be secured by addressing BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave. have put it. It only tells us what we get when we do put it there. I do not say that all 'norms ' are so got, but for any one to claim that the norms so got are binding standards would be ludicrous if it were not tragic. " JUST WHAT YOU WANT * * * * * * * -discussions , suggestions and everything on ART of value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated "I have seen children after they had passed a his- message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your subscription will be welcomed. $ 2.00 per year-20c per tory examination, slam their books down and say, ' Never copy. Send stamps for sample copy . Remember it's the- again ! I hope I may never look into another history ALL - ARTS MAGAZINE book as long as I live ! ' Now it seems to me that our Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams Street, Dept. M Chicago , Illinois pupils ought to learn not only what is in the history course, but also to love history. I have seen older children study civics and government and come out not caring a rap whether their city was well governed or not. There is something to learn besides what is written 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago in the books, and a child may learn the one without learning the other. HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING "Then I know too that some of the pupils who are the natural result of CONGESTED BLOOD make the highest marks at any rate under some teachers -as are many other ailments . If YOUR school day wears on you -are afraid to call their souls their own. They can't -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if think independently; they don't know how. They are you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the ELECTREAT afraid to trust their own judgment they hardly have You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes . NOT A MEDICINE . any judgment. If it is in the book, or if the teacher says it, then 'tis true and that ends it. But surely Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given that isn't the kind of citizens we need in a a free demonstration at home- no obligation democratic country." * * * * * * * ELECTREAT CO . Wab. 0598 Note: The above excerpts are taken from the following pages 39 W. Adams St. of the book in the order of these page numbers : P. 288, 290, 290, 291 , 289, 353 , 354, 355, 356 , 12, 13 . 11 October 17, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 59 THAT WILL SHOES GIVE YOU AMAZING PROOF Real Foot Comfort The refinement of stylish shoes is required to com- plete the smartest costume. Yet you also want foot- 0 Quick, Sure Relief comfort and foot-freedom to withstand the ceaseless round of walking, climbing stairs , etc. The Glove- Grip feature, patented and ex- NATURE TREAD for clusive in Arnold Glove-Grips , gives them ARNOLD PATANN KIEPR a snugness and restfulness found in no GLOVE other shoe. Lacing them lifts up the GRIP 6 Suffering Feet arch instead of pressing it down. As a result your feet are soothed, supported, SHOES strengthened at the place they need it most. LEFTHEB TEN DAY TEST FREE Combination Lasts For Men and Women $10 $11 $12 REGARDLESS of how long you have suffered, what ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP remedies you have tried or whether or not this news Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. seems too good to be true, nevertheless the fact remains -NATURE-TREADS adjust the foot's structure and place you on the road to comfort. Aches, pains, corns, SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS AND CLASSES callouses, bunions, Morton's Toe, fallen arches, weak ankles, contracted or hump foot, and kindred foot ills In Selecting t can be instantly relieved, safely and gently. ৮ NATURE - TREADS lift the center of the Anterior- transverse arch, drawing in the bones, giving relief from pressure and pain, and at the same time work out DuBois Studios 610 Stewart Bldg . 108 N. State St Phones State 4218-4219-4220 the fundamental causes . We offer you NATURE- As the official photographer for your graduating classes or TREADS for a ten day FREE test. Slip them into individual photographs , you are assured of prompt service your shoes and walk off with a new sense of freedom and rare quality. and relief. Ifunable to visit the retail shop then make an outline SUPERFLUOUS HAIR $300 PAIR of your stockinged feet upon plain paper. Hold the pencil straight up and down. plain the condition of your Ex- Can positively be forever destroyed. I have been in business for many years- And I Guarantee My Work feet in a letter and mail Nature - Treads with check to MARTHA B. DOWDY 6th Floor Republic Bldg . NATURE-TREAD CO. , OF ILL. Dearborn 5397 Madison and Wabash 209 S. State St., Chicago 655 S. Wells St. Chicago No Apprentices . Not a Beauty School. Telephone Wabash 7090 Phones Central 2551-2552 Res . Park Ridge 1842 MARINELLO JOHN J. 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State andRandolph to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,22to Central 6049 12; Widths, Established 1879 Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE "Stylish Stout Outsides" GO THE WENZEL WAY CommercialArt and School For Superior Instruction in BE HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION ILLUSTRATION, WRITE OR CALL COSTUME DESIGN Room 306, 177 No. State St. CHICAGO Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering and Design Phone State 1887 Day, Half-Day. Evening and Saturday Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd. , Chicago Dear Miss Teacher : Have you been going without corsets and find yourself spreading ? If so, you will be sorry. Let us mold you back MARGARET A. LYNCH into shapely lines with either our flexible lightly boned Corset, COURT REPORTER or our "Dream" Girdle-brassiere Figure-mold. They are "comfy" yet they control. Discount to you of 10%. We in- 1301 Ashland Block vite a call. Mrs. L. M. MacPherson 155 N. Clark Dearborn 5728 (Corset Specialist) 517 Venetian Bldg.. 15 E. Washington St Page 60 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 17, 1925 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Beginning and Advanced Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances . Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill . Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Briefs , Records, Trust Deeds INTRODUCING ! Confidential Reports To the School Teachers of Chicago Goodrich Dressmaking Service BARNARD & MILLER We design, cut and fit any garment from your own Law & Commercial Printers material and make ready for you to finish. Also 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO partial and complete finishing services. Telephone Franklin 0562 Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders THE GOODRICH SHOP Price Lists 1107 Stevens Bldg . Dear. 7015 Alterations Special FREE Don't forget no charge for alterations at Harveys . HARVEY&CO 135-137 S. STATE ST. Discount to Teachers STRAIGHT LINES-LAVISH FURS RICH FABRICS-FLARES Elaborate the new WINTER COATS $65 to $95 Acollection, confirming the Harvey prestige of Coat-Leadership. -Every authentic 1925-26 Coat Fashion for Sport or Dress is included • • Every prevailing fur, and velvety-soft ma- terial . Paris-inspired styles, splendidly tailored, sumptuously • trimmed Every new autumn shade • .. Whatever your ... coat preference, it is here. Priced to prove the Superiority of Harvey Coat Values. 10% DISCOUNT TO TEACHERS U. S. POSTAGE 12c. PAID ALIO HOA ΜΗΝ CHICAGO , ILLINOIS R No 11.'25 PERMIT No. 3663 VOL . NO. III Margaret Haley's 4 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 October 31, 1925 " Sharp Breaks in Theory and Practice" By ELLA FLAGG YOUNG From "Isolation In the School" CHANGEhas beenwrittenlargeover every management, attempted in the brief school life of those who now constitute the public school teaching corps . As teachers recall the glowing ardor of superintendent and principal, as well as the vigorous efforts and heroic struggles of the teachers in these various movements [ changes ] all unite in saying, the advance of the public school like "the emigrant's way o'er the Western desert is marked by Campfires long consumed, and bones that bleach in the sunshine ." * ******** What is the influence of the many changes made in a way that is hostile to the spirit by which the highest type of character is devel- oped in rational beings ? 00 Page 62 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 Promotional Credits at the Chicago Musical MaryAdams Ma Ada 'Hi-Archa Shoe ry ms College HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President REFRESHING RELIEF FOR ACHING A Conservatory Pledged to the Highest Artistic Standards FEET Support where Fall Term Now Open support is needed . That Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago is the princi- Public School Teachers, leading to Promotional Credits ple of HI- No. 1302 ARCНА in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Black Kid Oxford Shoes . The in- Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear visible steel Width AA to Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orches- arch support relieves the EEE tral Instruments. Tuition - Private Lessons - Piano foot of excess strain and Sizes 3 to 9 pressure . The combina- $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson; Vocal and Violin $1.50 to Price tion last assures a snug $15.00 per lesson. fit in the heel and around Students completing 40 private lesson periods $7.00 the ankle . earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1½ credit At your Complete Catalog on Request, 60th Year Neighborhood Write us for style booklet and Dealer name of your nearest dealer. CARL D. KINSEY , Manager HARPER & KIRSCHTEN 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET 231 W. MONROE ST . (CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE BUILDING) INTRODUCING ! Collegiate Tours Via To the School Teachers of Chicago Canadian Pacific To Europe Goodrich Dressmaking Service Weekly Sailings from Montreal Montclare Every Friday We design, cut and fit any garment from your own Montroyal May 28 to July 23, 1926 material and make ready for you to finish. Also Montrose partial and complete finishing services. Montcalm 36 Days -- $ 350 Personally conducted, capably chaperoned Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone tours by steamship, rail and motor- Liverpool-the beauty and historical (Only 4 days spots of England, Holland, Belgium and THE GOODRICH SHOP on open sea.) France-with an opportunity to visit Ire- land, Scotland, Switzerland and Germany, Dear. 7015 if desired . 1107 Stevens Bldg. Thirty - six days seeing warm, colorful , tranquil, fascinating sections of historical interest. Europe with its art treasures , traditions , gaiety and night life. The shortest route-four days open sea with an opportunity to see Toronto , Nia- "YOU GET PERSONAL CARE gara Falls, Montreal-Days of dancing, playing , travel luxury or restful relaxa- WHEN WE WAVE YOUR HAIR. " tion . Canadian Pacific service and cuisine en voyage. To the Orient $ 500 Distinctive Permanent Waving Sailing from Vancouver July 8, 1926 Know the Orient the land of Flowers , That leaves the hair soft and Romance and Mystery. Narrow crooked streets , quaint costumes and customs- glossy with large, loose wave- Japan, China and the Philippines-A glorious sea voyage on one of the Em- no breakage, $10.00 presses of the Canadian Pacific. Reservations may be made on Teachers guaranteed satisfaction application to the Arts Craft Guild, 500 N. Dearborn St. , or R. S. Elworthy, Steamship Gen. Agt., 71 E. Jackson Blvd. , Chicago. POWERS and ERICKSON Harrison 8758 220 S. State St. CANADIAN PACIFIC MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 4 October 31, 1925 Page 63 Caught With Running Shoes Off Principals ' Three R's vs. Superintendent's Three C's " One who would keep pace with Superintendent of Schools McAndrew must never take off his running shoes . There swift imagination , sudden decision and quick execution imitate the instantaneous . He passes from one great plan to another with the celerity and sureness of hoof of a chamois, and amazement at his enterprise is never permitted to subside. " Editorial- Chicago Journal, Oct. 5, 1925. October, 20, 1925 PRINCIPALS DRIVE FOR McANDREW STAFF ADOPTS THREE R's FOR SCHOOLS THREE C's FOR SCHOOLS "During the past year there has been a "Supt. McAndrew has brought forward a city-wide ' drive' looking toward the improve- substitute for first-rank educational honors ment of the Three R's and Spelling. Colonel in place of the 'three R's. ' Ellicott is reputed to be ' sold' to this em- "It is to be known as the 'three C's ' phasis on the fundamentals. It would not be citizenship, conduct and character. strictly correct to say that Chicago educators are facing a renaissance of interest in these " While not deprecating the value of the old, old studies the tool subjects, but it 'three R's' reading, 'riting and 'rithmetic- certainly is true that many principals and as educational mechanics, he holds that they teachers have an enkindled concern about are machines pure and simple, and as soon the scholastic standing of their students in as the wheels are running smoothly in a Reading, Writing, Arithmetic and Spelling. child's head, he should forget the belts and "In keeping with this movement, the Chi- pulleys and use them only as incident to cago Principals' Club is embarking on a reasoning process. project that merits the co-operation of every club member. The club is bringing DR. "At a meeting of the superintendent's ERNEST HORN (the first notice said Dr. cabinet the 'three C's' were adopted as the Edward Horn, but 'a rose by any other name big educational motif of the public school would smell as sweet' ) for a series of four system. Teaching hereafter will be directed conferences on reading and spelling. " toward that end, it was announced ." -Principals' Club Leaflet, October 20, 1925 . -Chicago Journal, Oct. 20, 1925. " The second motive leading some to change their theory and practice, is the love of novelty . The soul, having no ideals of its own to realize, lacks that guiding star which would draw it ever upward, and so looks now here, now there, for a new object to pursue . It is not uncommon for lovers of novelty to attempt the most radical changes upon α few hours' notice • ....” ...... -Ella Flagg Young, "Isolation in the School." From theMasthead by The Lookout "" The time has come,' the walrus said, 'To speak of many things ... '” ..... To the Teachers of Chicago: At the meeting of the Board of Educa- ules will be settled before the Board consid- tion on October 28, 1925, Trustee Byrne ers changes in schedules . moved to rescind the resolution passed by This is the position which the Chicago the Board of Education on April 27, 1925, Teachers' Federation has taken and consist- adopting the proposed new salary schedule . ently maintained since the proposition to par- Following is Mr. Byrne's motion which was ticipate in a discussion of changes in salary seconded by Trustee English and adopted by schedules was first made to the Federation unanimous roll call vote of ten members of on December 18, 1923. the Board, the eleventh member, Trustee There has been a great deal of confusion Smietanka, being absent. in the minds of the teachers and public in re- "I move that the resolution passed by gard to this whole matter, and especially in the Board of Education of the City of regard to the position of the Federation. At Chicago at its regular meeting held on the meeting of the Public Affairs Committee Monday, April 27, 1925, entitled in the held October 15, 1925, a representative of minutes of the Board 'Adopt Salary the Union League Club, Mr. Hopkins, made Schedule and Provide for Referendum a motion that " Miss Haley be requested to on Proposal to Increase Tax Rate for submit a salary schedule to the Public Af- Educational Fund' be rescinded." fairs Committee that would be satisfactory to her." Following the adoption of Mr. Byrne's motion, Trustee English presented a resolu- I explained to the Public Affairs Commit- tion, seconded by Trustee Schmid, which re- tee that I was the representative of the Chi- cites that the revenues of the Educational cago Teachers' Federation, an organization Fund under the present tax rate, will not be of 6,000 class room teachers that long ago sufficient to continue the schools on their had taken the position on this question that present basis-that is, to pay the present sal- there should be no increase of salaries nor ary schedules for teachers. This resolution discussion of increase until the money to then provides for submitting to the voters the pay the present schedules was assured ; that proposition to increase the tax rate for the there is not only no money to increase teach- Educational Fund. This resolution, which is ers' salaries but there is not even money to set forth in full on the next page, was also pay the present schedules. adopted by unanimous roll call vote of the Objection to this motion was made by ten members present. members of the Public Affairs Committee on This action of the Board is taken to mean the ground that it was unfair to ask me to that the question of securing the necessary submit a schedule under these circumstances revenue to pay salaries under present sched- and Mr. Hopkins withdrew his motion. October 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 65 Mr. Owen's Statement ers ' Federation on this salary matter is here Even after that motion was withdrawn Mr. printed. William B. Owen, President of Chicago Nor- This correspondence shows that : mal College, made this statement : "Let Miss (a) The Chicago Teachers' Federation Haley make the schedule. That is what she was invited by the Finance Committee of wants to do ; don't forget it. " the Board of Education on December 18, Mr. Owen spoke for the Superintendent's 1923 , to present its request for salary in- Salary Schedule and I assume that he was creases for teachers ; there with the Superintendent's permission (b) The Federation at its meeting on if not as his representative. The chairman December 20, declined the invitation, and of the meeting in introducing me, made this so notified the Board of Education on Jan- statement : " Miss Margaret Haley has many uary 7, 1924, two days before Mr. McAn- laurels in her own right for her own accom- drew was elected Superintendent of plishment, but she has this added distinction Schools and nearly a month before he today that Mr. McAndrew himself sug- came to Chicago ( February 2, 1924) ; gested Miss Haley as the best person to (c) The President of the Board ac- voice the sentiments of those who are oppos- knowledged the receipt of the Federa- ing his schedule." tion's letter ante-dating the advent of the A teacher had been invited by the Public Superintendent in Chicago . Affairs Committee to speak against the Federation Position Sound schedule but the Superintendent declined to give her permission to leave school (the The above invitation was extended to the meeting was at noon) stating that he had no Federation when the Finance Committee, in information that she was sufficiently well in- December 1923, was about to proceed to con- formed to speak on the subject. Incident- sider the budget for the year 1924. The ally, it should be recalled here, that this soundness of the Federation's position was teacher and all other teachers were consid- shown to the teachers on April 23, 1924, ered sufficiently well informed to vote on the when the Finance Committee presented the schedule without opportunity for discussion . 1924 Budget to the Board of Education. It will be remembered that on that day the Elsewhere in this issue is printed an edi- torial from the Chicago Evening Post in Chairman of the Finance Committee, Mr. regard to the official action of the Public Smietanka, in presenting the Budget made Affairs Committee taken October 22 as the this statement : " After serious consideration result of the discussion on the schedule Oc- there was no fund from which to escape tober 15 . this deficit unless we should choose to de- crease the salaries of the school teachers by Position of Federation a horizontal decrease or the equivalent of 10 per cent, and such action at this time is un- In view of the fact that the people within thinkable. So I move, Mr. President, that the system as well as those outside of it ap- the budget as presented be adopted or at pear to interpret the position of the Chi- least placed in the omnibus. " cago Teachers' Federation as opposed to the Superintendent's Salary Schedule be- Mr. Smietanka made substantially the same statement to Dr. John Dill Robertson cause it is the Superintendent's Salary Sched- ule, it would be well to recall to the minds (then a member of the Board ) on the day of the teachers and public the position taken before , April 22, at the meeting of the Fin- by the Federation not only before Mr. ance Committee , prefacing the above state- ment to Dr. Robertson with these words : McAndrew was elected Superintendent of "Well, we are trying to live within the in- Schools on January 9, 1924, but even before his name appeared publicly for the first time come, Doctor. Last year you made an ap- as a possible candidate for Superintendent propriation of $ 1,200,000 under a misappre- (December 22 , 1923) . hension as to what your income was going to be." To make clear the position of the Federa- No Money For Increase tion, taken before Mr. McAndrew's advent in Chicago, the correspondence between the The Teachers ' Federation knew on the Board of Education and the Chicago Teach- 18th of December, 1923 , when the Board's Page 66 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 invitation was received, that there was no port of the Auditor of the Board of Educa- money to increase teachers' salaries ; that tion, Mr. Brackett, showing there is not the Board's expenditures were exceeding its money to pay present schedules. income under the existing schedules. And every teacher in the system knew of the Salary Increase Item above remarks of Mr. Smietanka in regard That report of the auditor is printed in to the possible ten per cent cut as a copy of these remarks was sent to every teacher this issue . In the Budget adopted by the Board of Education on April 22, 1925, is an by the Secretary of the Board of Education item of $400,000 to take care of the salary by order of the Board at its meeting of May increases under the new salary schedule for 14, 1924. September to December inclusive (Proceed- The Federation has consistently de- ings April 22, 1925 , Page 1087, Item 53 ) . manded that the public officials charged The Board on April 27, 1925 adopted the with the assessment of property do their amended salary schedule resolution, with the duty according to the law. Mr. Owen in his statement to the Public Affairs Committee Greenacre amendment included to prevent diminution of salaries of present teachers seems to take issue with this position. This where the present schedules are higher than matter will be taken up in a later issue. the corresponding years in the proposed In this issue is published the statement of new schedule. This is the amendment I the Auditor of the Board of Education show- presented to the Finance Committee on ing that the present condition of the finances April 21 as explained in the last issue . of the Board of Education are as the Teach- ers' Federation knew on December 18, 1923 Mr. Brackett's Explanation that they would be, namely, inadequate to Mr. Brackett explained to me that Mr. take care of the present schedules. The posi- tion of the Federation from the time the Henry, Secretary of the Finance Committee, estimated that that change in the resolution first discussion on this salary schedule re- vision started to the close has been indi- added $ 300,000 to the cost of the salary in- cated in its official action and the official creases under the proposed new schedule, records of that action have been communi- making that item $ 700,000 for 1925. cated to the Board of Education . Mr. Brackett made this explanation to me when I asked him for an explanation of the Action of Federation discrepancy between the two figures showing estimated expenditures for the year 1925 in Other communications on this subject sent the Auditor's reports printed here . to the Board of Education were the reports of the meeting at the Studebaker Theatre on This report of the Auditor shows that the February 5, 1925, before the Superintendent's estimated deficit in December 1926 with the schedule was presented to the Board of Ed- proposed new salary schedule would be $28,- ucation . That resolution was printed in the 807,958, while the borrowing power in 1926 Bulletin of April 9. The next official action would be but $ 23,820,000 , that is 75 per was taken on April 6th , 1925 , also at a cent of $ 31,760,000 (the estimated tax levy) . Studebaker Theatre meeting, and it was This borrowing power is $ 5,000,000 short of communicated to the Finance Committee of the amount needed to pay salaries in 1926 the Board of Education on April 7th when under the proposed new schedule and 2,000,- that committee refused to permit me to dis- 000 short of the amount needed to pay sal- cuss the subject. This communication was aries under the present schedules. also printed in the Bulletin of April 9th . This report of the Auditor, presented to The discussion before the Finance Committee the Studebaker Theatre on September 11 , on April 18, when the Committee changed 1925, by Trustee English, shows that the position taken by the Chicago Teachers' its mind, and permitted me to speak and Federation on December 20, 1923 was sound. again on April 21, were also printed in the Bulletin. The last action taken by the Fed- eration was at the meeting at the Studebaker Theatre on September 11 , when Trustee Eng- lish presented to the teachers the official re- Marjon A. Haly 31,18 October 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 67 Ed Tax Rate Resolution. Federation's Position is 1 Below is the resolution adopted by the Following, is the correspondence between Board October 28, authorizing action for a the Board of Education and the Chicago referendum to increase the tax rate for the Teachers' Federation indicating that the Fed- Educational Fund : eration was invited to participate in the con- ted sideration of a salary adjustment by submit- “WHEREAS, The revenues of the ting " a concrete presentation of its request Educational Fund for the city school sys- and schedule that the Federation desired tem are, and have been for several years adopted, " and the Federation's declining of le last past, insufficient to meet the require- the invitation to submit such an outline of ments of the educational program the salary adjustment : city is providing through the instrumen- Board to Federation. BOARD OF EDUCATION tality of its schools, with the result that City of Chicago there is an annual deficit of increasing Administration Building 650 South Clark Street size in this fund, and Telephone Wabash 3401-87736 Charles E. Gilbert, Act. Secretary . “WHEREAS, The accumulation of December 18 , 1923 . Chicago Teachers' Federation , 127 N. Dearborn St. , this deficit has reached such proportions Chicago. that the estimated revenues of the Edu- Attention Miss Harden, Secy. You are advised that the Committee on Finance is cational Fund under the tax rate now about to take up the consideration of the 1924 Budget. In order to expedite the work, the committee has authorized will not be sufficient to con- ruled that any group that desires to be heard with ref- erence to the matter of salary adjustment should do so tinue the schools under the present or- by filing with the Secretary of the Board of Education on or before December 23rd, 1923, a simple, concrete and ganization and under the administrative concise presentation of its request and schedule that it desires adopted. policies now in force, beyond the fiscal A day will be appointed later on when the Committee will consider the communications from the various groups, year of 1926, and and you will be afforded an opportunity to have a rep- resentative present on the day appointed who should be prepared to answer questions relating to your com- “WHEREAS, As a result of the ef- munication. Yours truly, forts put forth to provide school ac- (Signed ) CHAS . E. GILBERT, Acting Secretary. commodations for all the children of the Federation to Board . City the intensified building program is January 7, 1924. To the Honorable bringing about the completion of new The Board of Education buildings in record time and more than City of Chicago. Ladies and Gentlemen: twenty-five such will be ready for use The Chicago Teachers' Federation is in receipt of a communication of December 18, 1923, from the Acting prior to January 1 , 1926, and Secretary of the Board of Education, Mr. Charles E. Gilbert, addressed to the Federation and advising that the Committee on Finance of the Board of Education is “WHEREAS, It is imperative that ad- about to take up the consideration of the 1924 budget; that in order to expedite the work the Committee has ditional revenue be secured to meet the ruled that any group that desires to be heard with reference to the matter of salary adjustment should do extraordinary expansion of the school so by filing with the Secretary of the Board of Educa- tion on or before December 23, 1923, a simple, concrete system which will follow the successful and concise presentation of its request and schedule that it desires adopted; that a day will be appointed later on building program which has been initi- when the Committee will consider the communications from the various groups; that the Federation will be ated, and to properly provide for the afforded an opportunity to have a representative present on the date appointed who should be prepared to answer normal growth of the schools, and to questions relating to the Federation's communication. This communication from the Acting Secretary of the make proper and equitable adjustments Board of Education was read at the adjourned regular meeting of the Federation held on December 20, pur- of salary of teachers and other employes suant to call, to hear Miss Anise Slattery's reasons for declining membership on the Commission authorized by of the system. the Board of Education on December 12, to make a study of the housing question in the school system . By unanimous vote the Federation at this meeting December " NOW THEREFORE BE IT RE- 20, directed its officers to present no request for an ad- justment or increase of salary . SOLVED : That the President, the Sec- Respectfully submitted, BOARD OF MANAGERS , retary and the Attorney of the Board By MARY M. ABBE , President. take such steps as may be necessary to From President. secure a referendum in connection with BOARD OF EDUCATION . City of Chicago the first election at which a vote can be Office of the President Charles M. Moderwell January 11 , 1924. legally provided for on the proposal to Miss Mary M. Abbe, increase the tax rate for the Educational President, Board of Managers , Chicago Teachers' Federation , Fund of the school district of the City 127 North Dearborn Street, Chicago . My dear Miss Abbe : This will acknowledge receipt of your letter of the of Chicago from the present rate of 7th, and we note that the Teachers ' Federation will pre- sent no request for an adjustment or increase in salary $1.92 on each $ 100 of assessed valuation for 1924 to the Finance Committee . to a rate of $2.92 on each $100 of such Thanking you for this unusual communication, I am Yours truly, valuation. (Signed) C. M. MODERWELL, President. Page 68 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 Auditor's Report Report of the Auditor of the Board of Education, Mr. Brackett, submitted to teachers at the Studebaker Theater Meeting on September 11 , 1925, by Trustee English Educational Purposes Statement of Revenue and Expenditures Total Total 1 Excess of Excess of Year Taxes Other Revenue Revenue Expenditure Expenditure Revenue 1919 $12,311,591.02 $2,479,626.93 $14,791,217.95 $ 19,024,085.16 $4,232,867.21 1920 18,925,309.77 3,304,153.27 22,229,463.04 25,108,007.65 2,878,544.61 1921 18,931,053.93 3,469,571.78 22,400,625.71 27,685,536.67 5,284,910.96 x1922 29,953,955.99 4,599,959.01 34,556,91 5.00 30,902,009.58 $3,651,905.42 1923 29,475,252.29 4,643,477.34 34,118,729.63 35,841,260.69 1,722,531.06 1924 31,501,962.79 4,665,502.62 36,167,465.41 37,999,983.70 1,832,518.29 * 1925 31,285,432.54 4,592,383.00 35,877,815.54 40,352,012.07 4,474,196.53 *Estimated. xIncrease in other revenue due to increase in per capita tax. The above excesses of appropriation or expenditures over revenue are carried forward to the statement of charges and credits to general fund accounts which shows actual deficits by years. Educational Purposes Estimated Revenue and Expenditures Based on a Tax Rate of $ 1.92 Deficit December 31, 1924 .. $15,293,761.00 1925 Estimated Revenue Taxes $31,285,432.00 Other Revenue. 4,592,383.00 $35,877,815.00 Estimated Expenditure $39,952,012.00 New Salary Schedule. 700,000.00 $40,652,012.00 Estimated Deficit for 1925. 4,774,197.00 Estimated Deficit December 31, 1925. $20,067,958.00 1926 Estimated Revenue 1925 Tax Levy at $1.92. $31,760,000.00 Other Revenue. 5,000,000.00 $36,760,000.00 Estimated Expenditure $42,500,000.00 New Salary Schedule. 3,000,000.00 $45,500,000.00 Estimated Deficit for 1926.... 8,740,000.00 Estimated Deficit December 31 , 1926. $28,807,958.00 Teacher Participation Misnomer, Says Paper " Public Service" Sends Open Letter To Woman President of N. Ε. Α . Teacher participation in the N. E. A. is sist that there is no justification for keeping confined largely to " paying the money that "the caste lines drawn in our profession." supports policies and speeches which have Will you use your wonderful opportunity been promising teacher participation in as N. E. A. president until July, 1926 to make words but scorning and preventing it in ac- nationwide teacher participation a reality ? tion," according to the following open letter Woman's leadership has thus far accentu- to President Mary McSkimmon, N. E. A. from ated the submergence of teachers in spite of "Public Service " a publication issued by The pre-election and just-after-election promises. Institute of Public Service, 1125 Amsterdam If as you say "the teacher is responsible for Avenue, New York , of which William H. whatever is taught the child and should have Allen of New York is director : a voice in school policies" won't you help give teachers a real voice in shaping the N. An Open Letter to E. A. policies which they chiefly finance and especially in making the N. E. A. Journal of President McSkimmon, N. E. A. greater service and encouragement to You believe first, you say, "in teacher par- teachers ? ticipation in educational policies." You in- ( Continued on Page 74) 31 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 69 October 31 , 1925 Evening Post Does Not Mince Words On Salary Schedule Propaganda Puts Vote of Public Affairs Committee In Same Class With Rea Principals ' Club Ballot At least one Chicago newspaper's opinion We confess our doubts as to the soundness 66 of the action of the Public Affairs Com- of this schedule are intensified by the manner mittee in announcing " a large majority" of propaganda used to promote it. The approving the proposed salary schedule, friends of the schedule seem to be fearful when as a matter of fact, only nine dele- of trusting it to win on its merits . gates voted on the report favoring it, and We do not know who is responsible for voted as individuals, not as representatives the information which was given to the of their respective organizations, is con- morning newspapers concerning the joint tained in the following editorial from the school committee's meeting, from which re- Chicago Evening Post of Saturday, Octo- porters were excluded, but we are struck by ber 24 : a very significant omission. THE JOINT SCHOOL COMMITTEE AND The committee, we are informed, had be- THE SALARY SCHEDULE fore it two reports from the special commit- The morning newspapers of yesterday re- tee of two which it had appointed to inquire ported that the "joint school committee of into the salary schedule. One was made twenty-five civic clubs" approved the pro- verbally by Frederic S. Pope and the other posed salary schedule for teachers which, in writing by Mrs. Emile Levy. with the recommendation of Superintendent Nothing is said in the published accounts McAndrew, is now awaiting action by the of the meeting concerning this latter report, board . which dealt with a point of major im- One of our morning contemporaries said portance and had considerable effect upon the resolution favoring acceptance of the the wording of the resolution adopted by the schedule was adopted by a "large majority." nine voters . Much is said about the verbal Experience with the propaganda which deliverance of Mr. Pope, which was wholly has marked the effort to obtain public sup- in favor of the schedule and its immediate port for this salary schedule prompted us to approval . seek further information concerning the vote Mrs. Levy, we are told, differed from her and the majority . From official sources we subcommittee colleague in urging strongly learned that out of fifteen club delegates that the schedule ought not to be adopted present when the vote was taken only nine until after a vote of the people on the ques- voted for the resolution and the remaining tion of increasing the tax rate to insure the six declined to vote. Thus the big majority revenue for payment of the salary increase. of delegates representing twenty-five civic Her insistence resulted in the resolution be- clubs dwindles to little better than a one- ing drafted in a manner sufficiently am- third majority. biguous to permit of interpretation, on this When it is borne in mind that these nine point, according to the views of Mr. Pope or voted as individuals and insisted upon de- Mrs. Levy as the voter might desire. We claring the entirely unrepresentative nature cannot say that this sort of juggling with a of their vote in the terms of the resolution, matter of moment is to be commended as a it will be seen how little importance can be practice by organizations which are assum- attached to this action, which is being hailed ing to act in a more or less advisory capacity as another victory for the schedule . for the public. And the suppression of Mrs. The majority was of the same sort which Levy's report, or any reference to it, is was so loudly proclaimed when the Prin- assuredly to be deplored. There is not even cipals' club took a snap judgment refer- the excuse that it was a minority report, endum of the teachers. It has since been since Mrs. Levy was one-half the committee. shown that the vote for the schedule repre- We hope the civic organizations to which sented only 36 and a fraction per cent of the this salary schedule question has been re- total teaching force. ( Continued on Page 76) Page 70 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 Superintendent Asks for Teachers ' Dismissal Official Documents on Dropping Instructors from System On October 14th the Superintendent re- October 14 together with a letter of trans- ported to the Board that he was prepared mittal which was read by the Secretary dur- to submit the names of teachers for dismissal ing the discussion. This letter is also print- and asked the Board to indicate whether it ed here . should be done privately or publicly. He SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT neither submitted names in this report nor 12672 indicated the number of teachers to be dis- EFFICIENCY RECORDS—TEACHERS TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION : missed . His report ( No. 12672 ) was re- Ladies and Gentlemen : ferred to the School administraction Com- In accordance with the Law ( Section 161) Ι mittee . The report is printed here . have examined the records of teachers reported as not rendering satisfactory service. On October 20 the School Administration I have interviewed personally thirty-three and Committee met and on the advice of the am prepared to submit written charges required in the case of teachers who have served more than the Attorney voted to report to the Board that probationary period of three years such teachers be- the law required that the Superintendent ing entitled to a trial by the Board and I am pre- pared also to present the cases of teachers serving should report to the Board the names of less than a period of three years whose services the teachers he was recommending for dismissal . Board of Education has the power to terminate on reasons given. I have the honor to On October 28 when the School Adminis- RECOMMEND that the Board of Education re- tration Committees ' report came before the fer to the Committee on School Administration the question-whether these cases shall be reported to Board it was discovered that that Commit- that committee for executive session or whether the tée's report which was signed by the chair- consideration shall be at public meeting ? In accord- ance with the usuage in many school systems and to man , Mrs. Hefferan, not only contained what avoid undesirable publicity in the cases of teachers the Committee had voted to report but also who object to it the Board is justified in handling these disciplinary measures within the Board itself contained the names of thirteen teachers and without publicity unless, as is their right, any of the stated that the charges made by the Superin- teachers so reported may request public hearings . WM. McANDREW, tendent against these 13 teachers were at- Superintendent of Schools. tached to the report. The charges were not October 14, 1925. attached to the report and neither the REPORT OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE names of the teachers nor the charges 12989 -B should have been in that report as EFFICIENCY RECORDS-TEACHERS REPORTED neither the names nor the charges were FOR DISMISSAL-APPOINT COMMITTEE before the Committee . TO PROCEED WITH TRIAL They could not To the Board of Education of the City of Chicago : come before the Committee except by The Committee on School Administration REPORTS being referred to the Committee by the that it has carefully considered Report No. Board . The Board not only had not re- 12672 presented by the Superintendent of ferred these names and charges to the Com- Schools, in which he states that he is prepared to submit written charges against certain teachers, mittee but the Board did not have these and recommends that this committee decide names or charges before it on October 14 whether such charges shall be considered at a public or private meeting, which report was re- to refer to the Committee . When apparently ferred to this committee by the Board of Edu- by accident it was discovered that the names cation at its meeting of October 14, 1925. THE COMMITTEE . of the teachers were inserted in the report RECOMMENDS a long discussion followed which is here that the teachers be cited after the customary printed in full. It speaks for itself. procedure ; that a committee be appointed to try the cases, and that the hearings be public ex- The report of the Committee is here cept in the case of any teacher who requests a printed also but the names of the teachers private hearing. Herewith are the written charges submitted by which appeared in the papers on October 29 the Superintendent against the following named as they appeared in the report over Mrs. teachers : [Here follow the names of thirteen teachers.] Hefferan's signature are here omitted . ( Signed) HELEN M. HEFFERAN. It was revealed during the discussion on CHAIRMAN, COMMITTEE ON SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION . this report that the Superintendent had sent October 28 , 1925 . the charges to the Secretary of the Board on ( Continued on Page 78) er 31, October 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 71 STENOGRAPHIC REPORT OF MEETING publicity on it, coming from my office, I OF BOARD OF EDUCATION locked it up, and forgot it until this morning. OCTOBER 28, 1925 We typed it, and we have it before the body today. Mr. Righeimer : Yes, but you are reading The Secretary : 12989-B -Efficiency Rec- it, Mr. Secretary, in connection with a com- ords-Teachers Reported for Dismissal- mittee report and it has no place in the com- Appoint Committee to Proceed with Trial. mittee report. of m Mrs. Hefferan : Omnibus . Mr. Coath : It has never been to a com- Care The President : Omnibus . mittee yet. SO Mrs. Gregg : It automatically goes to the Mr. Coath : " Appoint Committee to Pro- School Administration . ceed with Trials ." Our rules make that- T The Superintendent goes to the School Administration . The Secretary : brought in this report after the last meeting . RS Mrs. Hefferan: That's it. Concurred in, Mrs. Hefferan : Mr. President, it could not that the trial should be held before the Ad- possibly have come before my committee K ministration . without reference . Mr. English : Who appoints this commit- Mr. Righeimer : No. tee? Mrs. Hefferan : Now, if it was referred to Mr. Coath : It has already been appointed . my committee- Mr. Righeimer : No charges here yet. I Mr. Coath : Who referred it ? think all this is premature . Mr. Greenebaum : The Board , at the last The Secretary : The charges are on file . meeting of the Board . Mr. Righeimer : But they have to be re- Mr. Coath : It never was before the Board . ported to the Board . Mr. Greenebaum : Yes, it was . The Secretary : They are in the report The Secretary : No ; just making a recom- here ; written charges in the report. mendation on a certain number of teachers . Mr. Greenebaum : It says here " written Mr. Coath : We didn't have the charges, charges" ; the last paragraph . did we ? Mr. Righeimer : But this is-They were The Secretary : No. not attached to the Committee report, were Mr. Greenebaum : It was stated the Sec- they? retary had the charges . The Secretary : No. I did , and I have just ex- The Secretary : Mr. Righeimer : That is something new plained that it was my accident, my fault. I again. will take the blame for locking them up . The Secretary : They are attached to the Mr. Coath : I will take the Attorney's rul- official report that is going to the Board . ing on it. Mr. Righeimer : I think it ought to come Mr. Righeimer : What are we on ? from the Superintendent, then go to the-be read before the Board . The Secretary : 12989 -B. Mr. Coath : This has never been before Mr. Righeimer : I think you ought to the Board before, has it ? I never heard of strike out that paragraph commencing “Here- it. with are the written charges submitted by the Mr. Righeimer : Nothing can originate in Superintendent against the following named committees. No reports can be considered in teachers , " and the names ought to be strick- committees which have not been previously en out, and the charges ought to be presented sent to the Board and referred by the Board to the Board in the regular way, by direct to the Committee . communication from the Superintendent. Mr. Coath : Let's follow the advice of the The President : They were at the last Attorney. meeting of the Board . The Secretary : Can I explain this, Mr. Mr. Righeimer : No, there were no charges . President ? This is purely my fault. It was There was just a report, Mr. President, from accidental. The Superintendent sent this the Superintendent of Schools saying that he communication with the charges a week ago had charges against a number of teachers, to me. For fear that there would be some unnamed ; and suggested that the Board take Page 72 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 some action as to whether it would proceed versed on the thing and have some knowledge to hear those charges in executive session . on it, and let the Attorney have copies so That question was referred to a committee that he can tell the people that the charges and the committee reported adversely to it. are against. He legally has got to supply That is all the committee has done in the mat- them with the charges . ter, I take it. That is all that should be con- The Secretary : Sure . Do you want me tained in this report. to read him those ? The Secretary : Then, what is necessary Mr. Coath : No ; it would take you all day for me to do ? Send these charges back to to do that . the Superintendent for re-submission ? Mrs. Hefferan : Mr. President, I would Mr. Righeimer : Read the charges now, like to ask the Secretary : Did you put these but don't read them as a part of any com- names on ? mittee report, because they are not a part of The Secretary : Yes, ma'am. any committee report. Mrs. Hefferan : You did that, yourself ? Mr. Coath : The committee has not had any action on it because it has not come before The Secretary : I did that this morning . the committee from the Board, because it Mrs. Hefferan : These matters did not was not submitted to the Board . come in this morning . The President : Your contention is, Judge, The Secretary : No. that charges should have been a part of the Mr. Coath : No. The question was wheth- Superintendent's communication, and been er we should have executive session or open read at the meeting of the Board and then door. go to the Committee ? The Secretary : That is right. Mr. Righeimer : But the Secretary has just Mr. Coath : Then that was acted upon. stated they were not received at the last They decided to have open door. meeting of the Board . He has received them since the last meeting of the Board , so I say Mr. Righeimer : Bring the Superintendent's they must be presented at this meeting or charges in at the next meeting, Mr. Secre- some subsequent meeting of the Board, and tary, in a regular communication from the that the only question referred to the com- Superintendent. Then you will have a reg- mittee was the Superintendent's communica- ular method of procedure. tion asking for an expression from the Board The President : They are in that form now, as to whether or not these trials should be so far as I can see. public or otherwise ; and the Secretary should The Secretary : They are right here . now, if he has any communication from the Superintendent bearing on charges, read The President : Never get them in any other- them in the regular way as communications from the Superintendent. The Secretary : The charges are right here on the table . The Secretary : I have that communica- tion . Mr. Righeimer : Well, they ought not to be read, Mr. President, in connection with The President : Very well. Read it. reports of this Committee, that is the point. The Secretary : ( Reading ) " These recom- Let's dispose of the Committee reports, then mendations to dismiss teachers are sent to take up the Superintendent's reports . the Board of Education through you in ac- The President : No ; we are not consider- cordance with recommendation made by me ing this Committee's reports now. We said that the Board determine whether to keep we would receive this communication from them confidential with the teachers concerned the Superintendent and read it. or make them public. When they reach you Mr. Righeimer : Well, what are you do- they are officially in the possession of the ing on that 12989-B ? Board of Education." That is just what I have explained is my fault. The President : We will dispose of this and then take up 12990. Mr. Righeimer : The Board of Education. Mrs. Hefferan : I would like to ask the It is not the Law Department . Attorney if I could move concurrence in Mr. Coath : Let copies of that go out to 12989 -B by amending, to strike off "Here- each member of the Board ; then they will be (Continued on Page 77) ber 31 October 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 73 knowl cope Seeing Ourselves ec The Wearin' of the As Others See Us to Smock UNIFORMS FOR TEACHERS War ( Tune " Wearin' Of The Green" ) IS CHICAGO SCHOOL PLAN O Sisters dear and did you hear the news that's goin' round ? The Smock is soon by law to be our Pupils Would Also Be Similarly Dressed to Efface Line Between Rich and Poor every school day gown ; IT Our shopping days no more we'll keep ; Special to New York Herald Tribune. Dut all that is o'er I ween Chicago , Oct. 7.—Dr. William McAndrew, For soon the law will make us wear a superintendent of the Chicago public schools, smock of pink or green . is urging that teachers be required to wear a simple, neat uniform, similar to the ordinary N I met another teacher and she took me smock worn by painters . by the chin The idea appears to have met the ap- And she said, "How can I wear this proval of everybody except Miss Margaret thing when I'm so tall and thin ?" Haley , of the Teachers ' Federation . A secret "I'm a more distressful creature by far vote of the teachers showed a large majority then even that ; in favor of the McAndrew's plan. Teachers They'll be hanging me for wearing it, now punch time clocks and are paid for the for I'm so short and fat." time they are on duty. Interviews with many parents and the Chorus- teachers themselves show that the proposed When the law can stop the blades of wearing of uniforms meets with general grass favor. Some of the teachers and school From growing as they grow, board officials already are wearing smocks . And when the leaves in summer time Out of this has grown the suggestion, also Their verdure dare not show- meeting with general approval, of attiring Then I will doff my natty gown the pupils in inexpensive school uniforms . And don McAndrew's smock, This, it is averred , would eliminate the dif- But till that day please God I'll stick ference , so far as clothing is concerned, be- To the wearing of my frock . tween the children of the wealthy and of -Contributed by School. poor parents and curb snobbishness . -New York Tribune, Oct. 7, 1925 . Assistant Superintendent Quotes Ella Flagg Young On Schools Bulletin to Teachers Answers Petition for Relief from Supervision Correspondence regarding Subject Super- Following is a reprint of the Bulletin : " SPECIAL BULLETIN TO TEACHERS vision in the schools, of particular interest to October 15, 1925 THIS BULLETIN CONTAINS THREE ( 3 ) PAGES teachers, is printed below in a reproduction "To All Teachers : of letters sent by A. E. Layman, former "The following are copies of letters received from Mr. Bogan under date of October 8. October 8 , 1925 . president of the Chicago High School Teach- ers' Council to the Superintendent of Schools, "TO THE PRINCIPALS OF HIGH SCHOOLS : For your information I transmit correspondence with Mr. A. and from William J. Bogan, assistant super- E. Layman, President of the Chicago High School Teachers ' Council. intendent to Mr. McAndrew . Yours truly, WILLIAM J. BOGAN , The letters were made part of a special Assistant Supt. of Schools . bulletin to teachers dated Oct. 15, 1925 . ( Continued on Page 74) Page 74 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 TEACHER PARTICIPATION The one teacher participation that is con- ( Continued from Page 68 ) ceded is teacher participation in paying the With a different attitude toward and use money that supports policies and speeches of teachers N. E. A. Journal might easily which have been promising teacher partici- double N. E. A. membership, provided of pation in words but scorning and preventing course that N. E. A. executive leadership it in actions. made good the Journal's professions . Teacher participation in N. E. A. Journal By no stretch of the imagination can the is negligible ; vastly less than outside agencies Assembly meetings be considered-yet- ex- wishing teacher patronage. Even the com- pressions of informed teacher opinion and mittee named by President Jones to voice desire . They can be made so by real partici- class room work was put under a superin- pation between meetings . tendent's chairmanship . If N. E. A. members were encouraged to send suggestion and even criticism without SUPERVISION PETITION fear of reprisal, teacher participation would (Continued from Page 73 ) M " CHICAGO HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS' COUNCIL sprout, take root, and flourish like the green 19 So. La Salle Street bay tree . This they will never do so long as Chicago July 17, 1925. N. E. A. officers treat question and criticism "William McAndrew, Superintendent of Schools , of methods and results as personal attacks, Chicago. Dear Sir: talk of "enemies of education," whisper "Representations having been made to the Central Council by several of the locals against the practice in certain high schools calumny and use grapevine methods of re- where heads of departments have been appointed whose duties included the visiting of classes of other teachers and the laying prisal and nepotism instead of correcting N. down of fixed courses of class procedure for the other teachers in their departments, the matter was referred by the Central E. A. methods that seriously menace educa- Council to the locals in the various high schools. "By a vote of 1,038 to 76 the teachers expressed their opinion tional progress. that such a practice is highly detrimental to instruction in the high schools and they respectfully recommend that such uses of Thirty-two abstracts of summer N. E. A. heads of departments be ordered discontinued. Respectfully submitted, addresses appeared in the October issue of A. E. LAYΜΑΝ, President. N. E. A. Journal . Just 3 of 32 were from teachers : 1 a principal who teaches, 1 a September 30, 1925. " SUBJECT : ORGANIZATION OF HIGH SCHOOL teacher who was N. E. A. treasurer at the FROM : William J. Bogan. TO : William McAndrew time, and 1 a university teacher and pren- "Dear Mr. McAndrew: nial beneficiary of N. E. A. politics . "The letter of Mr. Layman is vague and inaccurate but it is evident that his protest is against supervision . Therefore, this feature of his letter deserves an answer. Who said what seemed worth quoting ? "Primarily , the schools are supported and administered for Those quoted were supts. 10 ; higher educa- the benefit of the pupils and the public rather than for the teachers or principals or any other group. The duty of those tion 7 ; principals 6 ; unidentified 1 . who direct and administer the schools is to provide a thorough and efficient education for all the children of the community. Teacher participation in the N. E. A. ex- To do this careful supervision is necessary . Other school sys- tems , business organizations , military organizations, hospitals , ecutive committee is 1 to 5 ; on the board of charitable societies , religious societies, and in fact, practically all large organizations appreciate the need for constant super- trustees 0 to 5 ; among vice-presidents 1 ( ? ) vision. One exception has been the Chicago public school system, notwithstanding the fact that need for supervision has to 12 ; life directors 1 ( ? ) to 29 ; state direc- been very evident for years . "Superintendent Ella Flagg Young often said : 'It is not tors possibly 18 to 54, there being 18 with no enough for you to know that some schools are good and some are excellent. The task is to require of EVERY school efficient designation of posts . work.' It is not the business of every teacher to strengthen every other teacher in his department, and of course it is out of the question for the principal to do this work efficiently without Now Is the Time to Select Your aid. He must deputize administrative assistants to aid him. Each assistant , if of the right type, will be on the alert for new Fur Coat ideas in books, in colleges or in other schools, will be quick to pass his ideas on to the teachers of his department, will advise Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at and protect from petty annoyances the teachers in his depart- ment, will demonstrate the best methods of teaching and will STAEDTER'S in hundreds of ways strengthen his department. "The teachers should welcome him as a friend. No doubt 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. some teachers will be irritated by any form of supervision. Long experience reveals the fact that many principals irritate their teachers, but, nevertheless, the principal seems to be a BERTHA OTT Announces thefollowing necessity . CONCERT AND RECITALS "The large high school is a recent development that seems under her management during October destined to become permanent. It has many educational ad- vantages over the small high school but in Chicago it has been Marie Morrisey, contraltor, recital, Studebaker Theatre, subject to criticism because it lacked thorough supervision. Sunday afternoon, November 8th, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10 , Our largest high school, if decentralized into high schools the $1.65, $2.20 at box office now . size of our smallest high school would require ten buildings, Leon Sampaix, pianist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday ten principals and ten engineers to say nothing of other neces- afternoon , November 8th, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $1.65 and sities . The waste in the program would be enormous . If, in- $2.20 , tax included, at box office now. stead, ten administrative assistants, each an expert in his line, Amelita Galli Curci, prima donna soprano , recital, were assigned to the large high school the increase of efficiency Orchestra Hall, Sunday afternoon, November 15th, at 3:30, would be great. and Tuesday evening, November 17th, at 8:15 . Seats, "Chicago schools have grown so rapidly that supervision has $1.10, $ 2.20, $ 2.75, $ 3.30, tax included. Mail orders now. lagged behind educational needs. When the teachers really Edmund Zygman, conductor Cooperative Symphony Or- understand the situation they will not feel a loss of dignity chestra in a program of Polish music, Studebaker Theatre, when consulted and advised by another teacher concerning Sunday afternoon, November 15th, at 3 o'clock. Auspices , methods , tests and results . Polish American Philharmonic Society. $1.10, $ 2.20, "Chicago high school records show that there is an average $ 2.75, $ 3.30 , tax included. of 18% of failures in high school classes. This involves an Maria Carreras, pianiste, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- expense to the Board of Education of about $3,000,000. It is day afternoon, November 15th, at 3:30. Seats, $ 1.10, believed that adequate supervision will reduce this amount to a $1.65 , $ 2.20, tax included. Mail orders now. marked degree. Tickets can be secured by addressing Yours truly, WILLIAM J. BOGAN, BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. Assistant Supt. of Schools ." ber October 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 75 thatis pavin dspe Keeping Up With the Procession NE MAY ECONOMIZE IN erp prevez The Chicago Journal seems to be the only many ways with profit to medium which has discovered why the prin- health as well as to purse, Ak cipals cannot keep up with the Superin- e age tendent-the Principals were caught with but cheap food, lacking the their running shoes off ! quality, is never an economy for it Sto In the following editorial from the Chi- exacts a heavier price than ever is cago Journal of Oct. 5, the chamois -like proclivities of the one are outlined : paid in money. Good food is the foundation of good health and good Standardizing the Teachers health is priceless. "One who would keep pace with Superin- tendent of Schools McAndrew must never take off his running shoes. There swift imagination, sudden decision and quick execution imitate the instantaneous . He passes from one great plan to another with the celerity and sureness of hoof of a HENRICI'S chamois, and amazement at his enterprise the WM. M. COLLINS, President is never permitted to subside. bit " One day, for example, he is the fashion editor of the school publication making his 67 W. Randolph St. VA ‫لا‬ column the very Rue de la Paix of educa- tional journalism ; another day, his imagina- 7A. M. to Midnight tion spurring him, he proposes standardiza- tion of teachers' raiment and favorably con- siders the uniform . If we have uniforms for b the police, horse and foot ; the street-car Exclusive...butnotExpensive A Discount of men, the firemen, elevator starters, post-men, 1 ‫کو‬ messenger boys , red-caps, visiting nurses, taxi-starters and white-wings, why not for MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Ground Floor 10% Allowed to School Teachers the school marm ? Our mayor is said to re- Between Madison and Washingten gard the idea as ridiculous, but perhaps he, ‫ין‬ Chicago's Greatest ‫י‬ a busy man, has not given the subject the FUR SALE thought it deserves . MUSKRAT COATS-Silver Skins trimmed with Red Fox "There is no need of stopping with a collar and deep border. Full length. standard uniform for teachers . Standardized Special $195 HUDSON SEAL-Luxurious millinery, shoes, face-powder, lipsticks, bobs, full length models. Skunk (Marten) Squirrel trimmed. shell-rims, dental work, hosiery, handwriting, Special at $250 height, heft, gait and opinion might make CARACUL COATS-In the new shade of Chestnut Brown, for advancement in the schools . Differences trimmed with Fox collar and cuffs . Full length . in these things are no doubt disturbing to Special at $150 JAP MINK-Beautifully trim- the pupils . med with Fox collar, cuffs and deep border. "Anyhow, school-teachers should be prop- For only $395 RACCOON COATS for the col- erly marked. If one need a policeman he lege girl. Flapper and Tomboy Raccoon coats. Made to sell doesn't dash out and hail a white wing ; if for $450. 42 inches long. Dark skins. Special at $235 one want a teacher and start hailing in- MARMINK COATS-Beautiful- lyfinished, smart Mink appear- discriminately, he is more apt to get a choir ance. Impressive examples of workmanship . Specially priced singer, a woman on her way to the delicates- this sale, from $115 sen, a movie actress, a home missionary , a Small Deposit> waffle cook, a bathing beauty or somebody's Storage | Free Accepted Written Guarantee wife than the teacher he seeks . There With Every Coat should be an end of this uncertainty. Teach- MURRAY- BLACK CO . ers ought to be all of a kind, size and color. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Between Madison and Washington Editorial, Chicago Journal, Oct. 5, 1925. Page 76 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 SATURDAY FASHION CLASS Pennsylvania Rallies To Session .... 9:30 A. M. to 12:30 P. M. Teachers ' Cause Twelve Saturdays ............. $ 15 FINE ARTS COURSE School Journal Scores Proposed Salary Tuesday and Thursday Evening and Schedule As Unfair Saturday Afternoon An opinion from Pennsylvania on the pro- Especially Arranged for Teachers and posed salary schedule for Chicago teachers High School Students is contained in an article, "The Chicago Salary Schedule," printed in the September VERSATIL SCHOOL OF number of the “Pennsylvania School Journal," ADVERTISING ART published by the Pennsylvania State Educa- 39 South State tion Association . That Chicago teachers are not alone in deprecating the schedule is evidenced in the article which follows : For Your Information THE CHICAGO SALARY SCHEDULE We have in stock a large selection of Buckram " The much vaunted new salary schedule Frames, all Millinery Materials and Findings, in for Chicago teachers, which purported to fact everything needed in making your own hats. have been worked out by teachers, adminis- trators, tax payers, economists , experts in Materials Cut Straight or Bias taxation, financiers, et al., discloses upon a We cut, fit and pin materials on frames you careful analysis the proverbial colored gentle- select FREE man in the woodpile. While there are satis- factory increases in salaries of junior and MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . senior high school teachers, elementary and 906 STEVENS BLDG . 17 N. STATE high school principals and supervisory offi- cers , there are reductions in the salaries of 17 No. 912 elementary teachers in grades two to five, STATE StevensBldg. inclusive. To be specific, the proposed salary 10% RADCLIFFE BOOT SHOP TheLargest Range of Shoe Sizes schedule cuts off $300 to $ 1,175 from the aggregate salary now paid teachers for the Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP . in the City. first five years and adds $5,500 each to the to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,22to aggregate salary of entering principals for 12 ; Widths, Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE the same period. It piles up high salaries at "Stylish Stout Outsides" the maximum of schedules but provides no increase for teachers in the lower groups. LAST OPPORTUNITY To Buy Season Tickets For "Elementary teachers in Chicago have UPTOWN civic cONCERTS Six Consecutive Sunday raised the question, when is a raise not a Concerts for $5.00 raise ? They answer it as follows : When Beginning Nov. 8 with PAVLEY OUKRANSKY BALLET Address Mail Orders and make Checks payable to there is no increase at the bottom and no UPTOWN CIVIC CONCERTS, Auditorium Tower, Chicago Telephone Harrison 1151 Dema E. Harshbarger, Mgr. Box office open daily, beginning October 26 at money to pay increases at the top. ARCADIA AUDITORIUM , 4450 Broadway "Small wonder that the proposed schedule is held in abeyance ." EVENING POST MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN ( Continued from Page 69 ) ferred will take time to consider it carefully MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher before they act. There is much to be said on both sides of the question. The more we MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. look into it the greater the need we see for THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 its discussion. But it should be discussed Cents. frankly and removed entirely from that field LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to of school politics upon which important ques- the order of tions are kicked back and forth between the MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor , Suite 1335 , American Margaret Haley and the anti- Margaret Haley Bond and Mortgage Bldg. , 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago forces . Phone Central 3904 31 October 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 77 S STENOGRAPHIC REPORT e (Continued from Page 72 ) with are the written charges,"-that last S part. Concur except as to that, and then bring in the matter of the Superintendent as a separate— The President : No ; we should act on this . This communication can be referred to your Committee, and then you can bring it up at Z Youthful Frocks and Coats the next meeting of the Board, and you can Ultra Individual in Design for withdraw this report ; then it will be in the School-Street-Afternoon -Evening order in which you want it. We extend discount courtesy and charge accounts Mr. Coath : Withdraw this now, Mr. Special features arranged for Saturday Chairman ? You mean withdraw this Com- shopping announced to teachers by mail See Special Advertisements in The Tribune mittee report now and refer that to the We carry "Gotham Gold Stripe Hosiery" School Administration ? Fill out and mail this coupon : The President : Yes . Mr. Coath : That would give you a clear Name .. track on it. Then you are according to Address.. Hoyle. I move that Report No. 12989-B be withdrawn. Mr. Mullenbach : Be referred to the Com- E mittee . BettyWales Shops 65-67 E. Madison St. Wilson Ave. at Sheridan Mr. Coath : mittee . Be referred back to the Com- AND IN EVANSTON-ORRINGTON HOTEL The Secretary : With the charges . New York Shop at Fifth Ave. and 36th St. Mr. Coath : With the charges. The President : The charges go to the Committee, but don't connect it with this re- SOCIALLY- MINDED TEACHERS port. Will actively support the Mr. Coath : No. CHICAGO FORUM The President : That is what the Judge At Apollo Theatre, Dearborn at doesn't want us to do . Randolph , Sundays, at 3 p. m. NOVEMBER 8 Mr. Coath : Yes . Speaker : RAYMOND ROBINS The President : That is what I am trying Subject : " OUTLAWRY OF WAR" NOVEMBER 15 to do, get this report out of the way. Speaker : LOUIS VICTOR EYTINGE Mr. Coath : Yes . OfNew York Subject : " OUR CRIME PROBLEM" The President : Make a new one next Under truly democratic management of week, next meeting . CHICAGO FORUM COUNCIL Mr. Mullenbach : Mr. Chairman, the Fred A. Moore, Director 19 So. LaSalle St. Randolph 5558 thing we have to do is dispose first of this re- Let us send you full program at once port ; send it back to Committee. When we Please pass the word along ! get through with the Omnibus we will read TR the Superintendent's charges against these STO YOU FOOur ShoesOAre UBLGreat Pain teachers as a matter of new business. P R O T Relievers . InES stock or Made to Order . Mr. Greenbaum: In that event, we do A. DISCOUNT not have to withdraw this report. We can SLATIN 10% to Teachers adopt the upper part of it, which provides Shoe Specialist. 4810 N. Kimball Ave. it is not to be a private hearing . We can AtLawrence. Keystone 9595 adopt that report. Mrs. Hefferan : That was the policy that TAXI CAB SERVICE ought to be adopted today, anyway, and was the only thing referred to the committee . We will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHICAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our The names were tacked on . service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. Mr. Greenebaum : Then the Secretary can ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago present the charges later. Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. (Continued on next page ) Page 78 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 ( Continued from Page 72 ) Glove-Grip Shoes are made to fit -made to follow the The Secretary : Yes . Then we will just lines of the foot in a natural way, as any ARNOLD scratch out that last paragraph with that GLOVE good shoe ought to be GRIP idea . made, but as only Arnold SHOES Glove -Grips are made. Mr. Coath : The recommendation and the The soft, pliable leather of the instep comes up names . snugly under the arch of the foot, gently sup- porting the arch and fit- The President : Is that agreeable to the ting it like a glove. When the shoe is laced, Committee, to strike out the- it lifts up the arch in- stead of pressing it The Mrs. Hefferan : The latter part ; simply down. Glove-Grip gives TRIM -ARCH an easy-fitting comfort the names . without any sacrifice of style or good looks . $10 $11 $12 Mr. Greenebaum : Let it go to Omnibus. ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Mr. Coath : All right. Room206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, III The President : That leaves only the first paragraph of 12989 -B . The Secretary : And the charges come up LUNCHEON under the head of this ? CANDIES The President : Yes, communication of the Superintendent. RICH ICE CREAMS The Secretary : Yes . Much as tho you would conceive in your own mind the finest and most desirable things to eat The President : Put them right in with ... and then find them in beautiful surround- his communications, if you want to, as hav- ings-moderately priced ! ing been overlooked . That is all you have got to do . At My New Tea Room JULIA KING'S Mr. Coath : All right. Let's go . 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST . The President : Communications . Near Randolph St. Mr. Schmid : Can't we refer back to the Superintendent's reports after we get through with these ? We Cater to Professional and Business Women- Smart, stylish, well tailored dresses from sizes 14 to 50 . The President : We don't have to. All If our standard size stock dresses won't fit you, we will make up any of our models to your own individual we have to-day is the communication from measurements . It will be worth your time "to come in and just look him, and read it and accept it. around." Personal service and no urge to buy. Mr. Greenebaum : We can consider that Prices $22.50 and upward THE BOWER SHOP now and refer it to the School Administra- 160 N. Wabash Ave. , Suite 1530 Stevens Building tion Committee . Mr. Coath : No ; just take that,- FUR COATS The President : What is your pleasure ? Charge Accounts of Teachers Solicited Mr. Coath : That it be referred to the Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Repairing and Remodeling Committee on School Administration . 25 Years' Experience Designing Mrs. Hefferan : Second . to Individual Taste Mr. Schmid : I second the motion . LEVEY & CO. Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. Superintendent's Letter TEACHING A PLEASURE ( Continued from Page 70 ) When You Wear Our October 14, 1925. PHYSICAL CULTURE Combination Last Shoes , That Have Style Plus Comfort Mr. Charles E. Gilbert, We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required Secretary, Board of Education . Service That Pleases Dear Sir : BRUNS BOOTERY These recommendations to dismiss teach- 6 N. Michigan Blvd. , Third Floor ers are sent to the Board of Education through you in accordance with a recom- mendation made by me that the Board de- SATURDAY CLASSES FOR TEACHERS termine whether to keep them confidential Mornings Our new structural design applied to standard normal with the teachers concerned or make them art methods, dress design, commercial design, interior public. decoration, school annual illustration. Afternoons-Structural design applied to industrial art methods , dress When they reach you they are officially in and poster design. Also still life and life sketch classes. the possession of the Board of Education . ALL DAY TUITION $ 24.00 FOR THREE MONTHS Our certificates of accomplishment have been accepted by Boards of WM. McANDREW . Education and Universities for 20 years. Enc. THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS Carl N. Werntz, Director . 81 East Madison Street. Recommendations for the dismissal of (List of 13) October 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 79 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well , that much better results will be obtained , By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer . Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, Beginning and Advanced and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances . Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill . moss SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS AND CLASSES In Selecting DuBois Studios 610 Stewart Bldg . 108 N. State St. Phones State 4218-4219-4220 As the official photographer for your graduating classes or individual photographs . you are assured of prompt service and rare quality. 1 SUPERFLUOUS HAIR Can positively be forever destroyed. I have been in business for many years And I Guarantee My Work WOE MARTHA B. DOWDY White Dearborn 5397 No Apprentices. Madison and Wabash Not a Beauty School. Here's quick relief from tortured feet. The Ground Gripper shoe has ended the foot- suf- HAIR TINTING By LOIS ARMSTRONG fering of thousands of women and given them (Formerly with Marinello) new health and comfort . Not an ordinary process-but a proven method, backed by years of success. You will marvel at the quick relief. Special Club Rates For Teachers LOIS STUDIOS Call State 5089 Room 808 . ROUND 14 W. Washington St. RIPPER Large Stock C. R. May Fur Co. GROUND GRIPPER STORES on hand Remodeling and Repairing New Coats Made to Order 29 East Lake Street 40 North Clark Street 63 East Adams Street 501 Capitol Building State andRandolph SHOES FOR ALL THE FAMILY Central6049 Established 1897 GO THE Circular Letters-Addressing-Mimeographing WENZEL WAY Typewriting For Superior Instruction in Specializing in Mailing Service for HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER Complete Mailing Campaigns WRITE OR CALL COMMERCIAL LETTER CO . Room 306, 177 No. State St. CHICAGO Phone State 1887 Dearborn 5303-5417 Room 1344-127 N. Dearborn FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS MARGARET A. LYNCH Streiff&Dagobert ✓ FLORISTS, COURT REPORTER 1301 Ashland. Block Expert Designer of Floral Art 155 N. Clark Dearborn 5728 Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Page 80 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN October 31, 1925 Matthews 10% Styles Discount and Values Are Supreme MatthewsCo 21 East Madison Street Between State and Wabash to School Teachers Lavishly Trimmed H 9000 Cloth Coats Specially Priced $75 Values up to $ 125 888 Stunning Cloth Coats with Luxurious Fur Trimmings. Styled from 888 the finest of fabrics and priced at this low figure for special sale. 888 Other Cloth Coats at $40 to $295 85 Fur Coats On Sale at $ 125 Values up to $ 195 Northern Seal, Muskrat, Marmink , Opossum, Mendoza Beaver Coats trimmed with self or contrasting collars and cuffs very specially priced. (Other Fur Coats $100 to $1,500) Cantilever JESSO- CRAFT Shoe formeren Teachers especially neat rounded toes in- The new art that enables appreciate the Canti- sure correct posture. lever shoe, because it Every teacher owes you to beautify your home means easy comfort it to herself to try a yourself at very little ex- when standing, and makes walking.a pair of these wonder- pense. Very easy to learn ful shoes. Hundreds pleasant exercise in- and the result is pleasing. stead of a trial. are wearing them now and enjoying Free lessons by special The flexible shank teacher. perfect comfort. gives gentle support to the arch, and the See our special well-shaped heels and hosiery offer below. 3 Chicago FREE ! Favor, Ruhl & Company Stores To Teachers who - have not yet worn ARTISTS' MATERIAL LOOP Cantilever's-a $2.00 pair of guaranteed PICTURE FRAMING 3rd Floor, ButlerBldg 162 N. State St. silk hose will be given FREE with UPTOWN your first pair. Bring 1050 Leland Ave. 425 So. Wabash Ave. this coupon. This of- WOODLAWN fer expires November Chicago, Illinois 20th. 6410 Cottage Grove Ave. U. S. POSTAGE 112c. PAID No 24 25 ' du CHICAGO , ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 VOL . NO . III MargaretHaley's 5 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 November 16, 1925 Aims In Education By JOHN DEWEY 66 INerations " general, there is a disposition to take consid- which are dear to the hearts of adults and set them up as ends irrespective of the capac- ities of those educated . " ******** "The vice of externally imposed ends has deep roots . Teachers receive them from superior author- ities, these authorities accept them from what is current in the community. The teachers impose them upon children. As a first consequence, the intelligence of the teacher is not free; it is confined to receiving the aims laid down from above . "Too rarely is the individual teacher so free from the dictation of authoritative supervisor, textbook on methods, prescribed course of study, etc. , that he can let his mind come to close quarters with the pupil's mind and the subject matter. This distrust of the teacher's experience is then reflected in lack of confidence in the responses of pupils. The lat- ter receive their aims through a double or treble ex- ternal imposition, and are constantly confused by the conflict between the aims which are natural to their own experience at the time and those in which they are taught to acquiesce. " -From " Democracy and Education," by John Dewey. 82 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 TERMS $2.00 SILK HOSE THAT PLACE THE FREE !!! TO TEACHERS CHEVROLET with every pair of the WITHIN THE REACH OF Cantilever EVERY SCHOOL TEACHER IN CHICAGO Shoe formeren We have studied the Board of Education figures on Teachers' salaries, and have inaug- We want you to know this urated a special TERM PAYMENT PLAN wonderful footwear as we for Teachers that takes the Motor Car out know it the ease and of the "luxury" class, and makes it a " neces- comfort while standing sity. " Be sure to get the details of the plan. and walking which only TEACHERS !! the flexible shank of a You can make extra money selling Chevrolets Cantilever shoe can give during spare time. Register R with us now. without sacrificing style. Ours is the finest equipped CHEVROLET repair shop in the Middle West-manned by This hosiery given only to teachers upon presen- men who were formerly employed in BUILD- tation of this advertisement up to December 15th ING new Chevrolets at the factory. CANTILEVER SHOE SHOP MICHIGAN AVENUE LOOP UPTOWN SOUTH SIDE CHEVROLET CO . 1050 Leland 162 N. State St. 6410 Cottage Calumet 5810 Ave. 3rd Floor, GroveAve. 2234 So. Michigan Ave. New Butler Bldg. What Are You Going to Do This Winter ? What are you going to do for amuse- very materially increase the burden ment ? You probably haven't thought on your eyes . very much about this, but the things In the process of changing our habits you have been doing this Summer and and habiliment to meet the seasonable Fall will not fit into your Winter pro- requirements, we too frequently over- gram. look the importance of having our eyes properly cared for. In all probability the major part of In order to help you in this respect let your time this Winter will be under us send you, of course without charge , artificial illumination. You will prob- our booklet, " Why Do Your Eyes Get ably get less healthful sunshine and Tired ? " We specialize and limit our service to filling Oculists' prescriptions for Glasses of Quality UHLEMANN OPTICAL COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1907 Stroh Bldg . , Home Office Mallers Bldg. Detroit , Mich . Chicago, Ill . Chicago, Ill. K SE MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 6 Vol . 3. No. 5 November 16, 1925 Page 83 "Work " In Work- Study- Play Plan Is Discussed At Convention Victor Olander in Address Before A. F. of L. Seeks Platoonists' Meaning L "Work" as it is applied to the Work- Relations in Education.' My inquiry to the コ Study-Play plan of the platoon school is United States Bureau of Education was di- discussed by Victor Olander in a talk he rected to a subject affecting children under made before the American Federation of fourteen years of age, the application of the 그 Labor convention in Atlantic City. His ad- so-called platoon system in the elementary dress was made following the report of the schools and the reply came from a spe- cialist in industrial and economic relations ! Convention Committee on Education, printed in the last issue of the Bulletin. Why ? Because of the meaning of the word ' work' in the title ' Work-Study-Play Plan . ' The address will be printed in installments in the Bulletin, the first extract following : Platoon, Gary System "Although I know we are all pressed for "In order to get a definition that might time, this is a subject of such supreme im- be clearly understood I have searched through the records —not content with the portance that I would feel I had failed in Chicago investigation, not content to go to my duty if I did not arise and support the Pittsburgh or Akron and there to take a look report of the committee and give to you some at a group of children marching around in a information which I believe has not yet been platoon school-but I went back into the made obtainable to all the delegates . records seeking the origin of the plan. This "Whatever misunderstanding may have so-called platoon plan is nothing more or arisen in the early part of the convention less than the Gary system, a name, however, relative to the construction that was placed that the ' platoonists' seek to avoid . Go back upon the report of the standing committee to the report of 1916 when they were trying has been completely removed, and the road to inject the ' work-study-play' plan in New is clear for the preparation of a compre- York City and there we find this illuminating hensive report which I am sure the standing statement. The caption of that part of the committee will submit in the very near report reads , ' Co-operative courses between school, manual training shop and the work- future. What is the Work-study-play plan ? men employed on school repairs and con- If you want to get an answer to that you struction work will develop naturally and must corner a ' platoonist' and seek to secure economically.' The report says in part : from him or her a definition of the word 66 'Boys may receive their credits for work 'work,' as it is used in connection with that done with workmen through a system of plan. In seeking information on the platoon time-keeping and school credit checks which system I communicated with the United give the relative earning power of the va- States Bureau of Education . I received a rious activities and provides additional voca- reply signed by a lady having the imposing tional training opportunities . The school title, 'Specialist in Industrial and Economic ( Continued on Page 92 ) From the Masthead by The Lookout In a long letter sent to the trustees preceding the meet- ing yesterday, Mr. McAndrew begged them " to avoid the always ungallant action of labeling with dishonor an honest man with a long record of faithful service. " --Chicago Tribune, November 13, 1925. To the Teachers of Chicago: The Chicago Tribune of October 29 , 1925, The report purported to be a report of printed the names of thirteen teachers the Committee on School Administration but whose dismissal, the paper stated, the Sup- the words quoted above and the names of erintendent asked of the Board of Education the thirteen teachers were unauthorized, un- at its meeting of October 28. Eleven of the warranted and irregular and no part of the thirteen teachers in the list are women. report of the Committee on School Admin- Referring to the charges against these istration that had been approved by that thirteen teachers, the Tribune stated that Committee. The remainder of the report, "in one case a principal reported that a that is that portion preceding these words teacher's behavior in school on several occa- quoted above and the names of the thirteen sions ' was such as to indicate plainly that teachers, was the report authorized by the she was more or less under the influence of Committee on School Administration . liquor.' She was also charged with swear- Neither the names of these teachers nor ing before other teachers ." the charges against them had been before As the Tribune did not indicate against the Committee on School Administration which one of the eleven women teachers this when that report was presented to the Board charge was brought, the entire eleven women on October 28. Under the rules of the teachers are equally under suspicion before Board of Education they could not have been the public of "swearing" and of being "under before the Committee until they were first the influence of liquor." brought before the Board and referred to Unauthorized Report the Committee by the Board. These charges The names of the thirteen teachers were had never been brought before the Board at first made public in a report presented to the time the report was presented to the the Board of Education on October 28. This Board. report was over the signature of "Helen M. "Omnibus" on Report Hefferan, Chairman, Committee on School When this unwarranted, unauthorized and Administration," and it purported to be irregular report from the Committee on a report of that Committee . This report con- School Administration was presented to the tained the names of the thirteen teachers, Board on October 28th, Mrs. Hefferan im- and immediately preceding the names these imediately called out "Omnibus." The re- words, "Herewith are the written charges port of the discussion which followed was submitted by the Superintendent against the printed in the last Bulletin, and also the re- following named teachers," and immediately port itself. The " omnibus" consists of all following the names of the thirteen teachers the reports that are received by the Board the signature of Helen M. Hefferan as Chair- about which there is no discussion, and man of the Committee on School Administra- which are all placed together and voted tion. upon with one roll call vote. A report about November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 85 which there is discussion is held out of the ever brought before the Board without the " omnibus ." signature of the Chairman of the Committee. The title of this report attracted the at- All reports contain, or are supposed to tention of a member of the Board, who is contain, the action taken by the committee also a member of the Committee on School and nothing else. Therefore , the responsi- Administration, and the discussion started . bility for the presentation to the Board of that It then became public information that these report over her signature with the names thirteen names were included in that report of twelve teachers in the same list with one as were the words, "Herewith are the other charged with " swearing " and with be- charges against the following named teach- ing " under the influence of liquor" was as- ers ." It was then brought out that the sumed by the Chairman of the Committee on names of these teachers and the charges had School Administration, and that is where the not been referred to the Committee, that responsibility should rest. therefore the Committee was without author- In printing this report in the Bulletin of ity to consider them or to present them to October 31 , ( page70 ) the names of the the Board and that neither the names nor the thirteen teachers, as they appeared in the charges had been before the Board or before report, were omitted but their place in the the Committee . report was indicated . The complete steno- On the advice of the Attorney for the graphic report of the discussion in the Board Board, Mr. Righeimer, the thirteen names on this report ( beginning on page 71 of the and the reference to charges were ordered Bulletin of October 31 ) sustains the state- stricken out of the report. It then became ments in the preceding paragraphs in regard known to the Board that the Secretary of the to this report. (Report No. 12989B ) . Board had on October 14 received from the Attorney Speaks Superintendent a communication transmit- fu ting those thirteen names and the charges . After the meeting of the Board at which The Secretary was instructed to read the this report was presented, the School Admin- communication which he did . Neither the istration Committee met (the following Tues- names nor the charges were read . The day, November 4) and took up these names names and charges were then and there re- and the charges. At that Committee meet- ferred to the Committee on School Adminis- ing the Attorney for the Board informed the Committee that the charges were not in legal tration. The Superintendents' communica- form and advised the Committee to send tion to the Secretary was printed in the Bul- them back to the Board with the recommen- letin of October 31, on page 78 . dation that the Board refer these charges Mrs. Hefferan Responsible back to the Superintendent to be put into Mrs. Hefferan has been Chairman of the legal form . The Committee did so report to Committee on School Administration for more the Board at the Board Meeting held on than two years and as chairman has rigidly November 12 , and the Board sent these so- and punctiliously enforced the rule of the called charges back to the Superintendent. Board that " No Committee of the Board shall Later in that meeting on November 12, the consider any matter until the same has been Superintendent presented the charges in referred to it by the Board ." (Sec. 2, chap. III ) legal form. All reports of committees are sent out to Five of the 13 teachers have not completed all members of the Board of Education two their probationary period and are therefore days before the Board meets. When the not entitled to written charges and trial un- other reports of the Committee on School der the law but can be dismissed by the Administration were sent to the Board mem- Board on the recommendation of the Super- bers on October 26 this report was not intendent who is required by law to submit to among them . Therefore, the Board mem- the Board with his recommendation for dis- bers did not see the report until they saw it missal his reasons therefor. at the meeting of the Board of Education. The Superintendent's reasons for asking It was placed in the omnibus and apparently dismissal of these five probationary teachers the unauthorized portion of it was accident- were sent to the Committee on School Admin- ally discovered. istration by the Board on October 28. At The chairman of a committee of the Board the meeting of that Committee on November is the only member of the committee who 4 the Chairman announced that one of the signs a report. No report of a committee is five probationary teachers named in the list 86 MARGARET. HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 of thirteen had resigned. The teacher so man with a long record of faithful service.” reported has been out of the schools for two This letter was on behalf of the reelection of years . The Committee decided to give a the 74-year- old man the Superintendent nom- hearing to all the teachers on probation if inated for reelection to the Board of Exam- the teachers so desired and fixed the date iners . of such hearings for Tuesday, December 8 . After passing on to a woman member of the The next regular meeting of the Commit- Board responsibility for the ungallant tee on School Administration will be Novem- action of labeling with dishonor honest ber 17 when dates will probably be set for women with long records of faithful trial of the seven teachers on the amended service the superintendent could well charges presented to the Board by the Super- afford to ask the Trustees to avoid the intendent on November 12 and printed below. ungallant action of labeling an honest man. Charges All Identical These new charges against all teachers, including the teacher referred to in the Tribune ( but not named ) as reported un- der the influence of liquor, are all identi- Morgen G. Haly cal . There is no reference to swearing or Following are the amended charges, iden- being under the influence of liquor in any tical copies of which were presented by the of them. In fact, even a casual reading of Superintendent to the Board, November what at first purported to be charges shows 12, 1925 against the seven teachers who have that the Superintendent did not charge this completed their three years of probationary one teacher either with swearing or being service . There were eight such but the under the influence of liquor, but quoted a Chairman of the School Administration Com- principal who, he said, had made such a mittee reported to that Committee on Novem- statement about this teacher, and also ber 4 that one of the eight was ill and had shows that this teacher has been out of been given a leave of absence and that school for six months . charges against her were withdrawn . The Chairman of the School Administra- TRIAL TO DETERMINE REMOVAL FROM SERVICE tion Committee , before presenting that report TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION : to the Board on October 28, might well have Ladies and Gentlemen : ascertained how many, if any, of the teachers The Superintendent of Schools named in that list of thirteen were " legis- REPORTS That the services of .... lated" into the class of " unsatisfactory " ............ teacher in the ..School through the juggling of teachers' marks in have been and are the Superintendent's office . Complaint of unsatisfactory , therefore such juggling was made before the School Pursuant to the provisions of the Administration Committee on December 16 , statutes of the State of Illinois, the Superintendent of Schools 1924 and reiterated many times since that CHARGES that said ..... date without result . is inefficient and incompetent as a teacher in the Chicago Public The Chairman of the Committee on School Schools for the following reasons : Administration, before presenting that unau- 1. That her methods of instruc- tion are unsatisfactory and not in thorized report to the Board , might have accordance with the recognized ascertained that the so-called charges ( which standards of teaching.. 2. That she fails to maintain prop- the superintendent "in passing the buck, " er discipline in her classroom . passed to her, and she passed on to the 3. That she fails to keep her class- room in a neat and orderly condi- Board ) were not in due legal form , and tion. she might have spared the eleven women 4. That she fails to follow the orders of her superiors in reference teachers the humiliation of being publicly to her work . placed under suspicion of " swearing " and of 5. That she fails to co-operate with other teachers in the work of the being " under the influence of liquor" as they school . were by the Tribune report of October 29 . The Superintendent of Schools RECOMMENDS That the Committee on School Ad- The Tribune on November 13 reported that ministration be appointed as a trial the Superintendent had sent a long letter to committee to hear the above charges and to report its findings thereon the Trustees just before the meeting of the to this Board. Board on November 12 in which he begged RESPECTFULLY SUBMITTED, these trustees " to avoid the always ungallant WM. McANDREW, Superintendent of Schools . action of labeling with dishonor an honest Chicago, November 12, 1925. berli November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 87 ul sem ndent City Financial Emergency May Result of E In I. O. U.'s mber uncl City Treasurer Says He Will Stop Borrowing Beyond City's Legal Limit or The condition of the finances of the City WOULD RAISE TAXES d of Chicago is getting no better fast, accord- "Tax bills would be boosted if a remedy suggested oing to a statement of the chairman of the by Chairman Woodhull is adopted. He said the city nest: Finance Committee of the city council , Alder- has been floundering in a financial morass since the Chicago fire , fifty years ago, and that the situation man Woodhull, who says that city employes has been growing increasingly worse since the war. 4 are facing the possibility of receiving their " The city practically went broke, in SO far as salaries in I. O. U.'s . working capital is concerned, during the great fire, ' "If property were taxed equitably, we he explained. 'A law was passed permitting the would have enough money to operate with," authorities to borrow up to 75 per cent of the tax levy each year. The city has never since been able es he is quoted as saying . to save enough to get away from this system of spend- Following is an article which appeared in ing before the money is on hand. OFE the Herald-Examiner the morning of Oct. 29 , " During recent years the city has been growing 1925 : by leaps and bounds . The force of municipal em- 09 "City Treasurer John A. Cervenka exploded a ployes had to be increased. Taxable property also financial bomb in the City Hall yesterday that may has greatly increased. hit every taxpayer and city employe. " He served notice on the council finance commit- ACTION POSTPONED tee that this is the last year he will knowingly violate the law to permit the full expenditure of the tax " ' Here is where the real trouble lies. As pointed levy long before the millions are collected. out several times by Mayor Dever the taxing authori- " Unless substitute means are found for financing ties have not placed these values on the tax lists and as a consequence we have been forced to borrow on the city, policemen, firemen and the other 18,000 on the city payroll will be required to accept I O U's the full 100 per cent of the levy in order to meet for their pay during the last three months of next payroll and other emergency expenses. year. Likewise, coal and other supply dealers will " The remedy is simple. If property were taxed be compelled to wait for their money. Whether the equitably we would have enough money to operate banks would make loans to the employes on the with . The mayor tried a year ago to bring this about, but without success . ' IO U's or whether they would buy them at a discount was not discussed, but in either case the employes "The committee decided to postpone the subject would suffer a loss in income. for further consideration ." All-Year School Attacked By Educators Curtails Privileges of Child and Cheapens Education , Say Leaders Shortcomings of the all-year school, which position taken by those opposed to the policy. has been recommended in a report by Super- " Miss Anise Slattery, general chairman of intendent McAndrew, are outlined in an ar- the General Council of Elementary Teachers, ticle, " The All-Year School, " appearing on who has been a teacher in the Chicago public Page 82 of The Elementary School Journal, schools for many years, is not in favor of the October , 1925. Following is the article : all - year school . " ' My opinion of the suggested all-year The All -Year School school is not based on anything agreeable or "The discussion which is going on in Chi- disagreeable that it might involve for teach- cago as a result of Superintendent William ers, ' said Miss Slattery . McAndrew's report in favor of the all-year " The whole argument for establishing school is of more than local interest. The such a program is based on a fallacy. The Chicago Daily News published a series of in- principal argument I have heard given in terviews which presented both sides of the favor of the idea is that it will save time- case. The following paragraphs show the (Continued on Page 93) 88 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 66 A Little Learning is a Dangerous Thing " Superintendent McAndrew's Standards of Accuracy For McAndrew For the Children "It is my misfortune that " Now let me see in your out of three possible chances Do division the habit of 100 per of being correct, Dr. McAn- cent accuracy in computa- drew has made three errors . As I SAY tions . * * * One Hundred per I should be very grateful to cent in every exercise." you for the correction of these Not Wm. McAndrew, errors in your May issue . In Superintendent's Letter to -Wm . Clarke Rice, As I DO Division Superintendents, October 20, 1924 . In World's Work, May , 1924 - That one guess is as good as another, is These two products of the same brain, evidenced in the apology of the management printed in these two columns, illustrate the of The World's Work (a magazine published utter injustice being done to the school chil- in New York) for an article written by Wil- dren of Chicago by demanding a greater de- liam McAndrew, Superintendent of Schools . gree of perfection at all times and under any Errors made by the Superintendent of Chi- and all circumstances of their immature cago schools are explained in the following minds, than the mature mind making the de- article reprinted from the May 1924 issue of mands gives himself under circumstances The World's Work : where error is least to be expected. "We wish to correct several errors in the attribu- The following letter from the Superinten- tion of mural paintings, the reproduction of which ap- dent of Schools to division superintendents peared in 'Planning the Upkeep.' William McAn- drew's article in the World's Work for January. We is entitled, " One Hundred Percent Ac- publish Mr. Rice's letter and that of William Mc- curacy:" Andrew that these mistakes may be adjusted. " 'My attention has been called to an arti- Subject : One Hundred Per Cent Accuracy. cle by Dr. McAndrew, in your January issue, October 20, 1925. in which the authorship of certain mural "The sampling process undertaken last decorations in the public schools is attrib- week shows the results in addition, proving, uted to my friend, Mrs. Edith Truman and accuracy as handed to you yesterday. Woolf, instead of to me; and to a further In no case is this a creditable showing as error in which the statement is made that compared with a similar campaign in a my painting, "America" is in Public School school system which I observed five years 43 in the Bronx. ago. The number of schools in that cam- " Allow me to correct these errors . I paign showing one hundred percent accuracy have made five decorations in all, for the in the test given was surprisingly superior to schools : Hendrick Hudson, in the auditorium this exhibit. My delegate who took these of Public School 64, Manhattan; America, tests reports : auditorium of Public School 165, Brooklyn ; Lack of self reliance, and three in Public School 43, Bronx; Jonas Children expect to be told what to do, Bronck, auditorium, Heroes and Heroines of Lack of concentration, History and Literature, in the library and Because the teacher did not tell children Mother Goose and her children in the kin- to prove they did not do it, dergarten. In this latter school there is a Pupils ask whether they should prove or second kindergarten painted by Mrs. Woolf, not. the subject of which is Children at Play. " In order to refortify on the usage re- (Continued on next page ) (Continued on next page ) MARGARET HALEYS BULLETIN 89 November 16, 1925 " The two small plates, page 109 , cred- quired I conferred with Messrs . Golighty, ited to Mrs. Woolf are by me, but the Mother O'Leary, Kelly and Batson, all in charge of accountants with this unanimous answer: Goose is in the Jonas Bronck School, while 'The proof is an essential part of every the America is in Public School 165, Brook- computation.' Apparently your division is 0 lyn. On page 314 is a reproduction of a laboring under the delusion that a compu- part of my frieze in the Library of the Jonas tation should be proved occasionally.' Bronck School, Captain Kidd, Aladdin, and "This is the first thing to correct. Sec- Huck Finn, but here credited to a mythical ondly, the cultivation of persistence, self- reliance as a habit, standing on one's own Clarke Wright. In this instance the inten- feet, requires that the computation exer- = tion of getting the name correct is good, but cises be given in such a way that the more the execution bad. It is my misfortune, that rapid and accurate pupils get more work OUT OF THREE POSSIBLE CHANCES but that the slow and dishonest pupils be en- couraged to adhere to each computation un- OF BEING CORRECT, DR. McANDREW til it does actually prove. For this purpose HAS MADE THREE ERRORS . encouragement and commendation rather " I shall be very grateful to you for cor- than reprimand to the slower ones is indi- cated. The old slogan, ' What you require recting these errors in your May issue. you will get, ' applies very decidedly here. William Clarke Rice." The responsibility for not getting 100% in computations rests for your division with you, for his district with each district super- intendent, for the schools with the princi- pal , for the classes with the teacher. This "To put myself in Mr. Rice's place, I requirement is so simple and so well within think he makes a very mild statement of the the expected ability of every teacher, prin- case. I should be furious to have my work cipal, district and division superintendent, discredited in this manner. Every painter that a longer postponement of this usage in the schools is inexcusable . or writer or composer that I ever met would "The time has come therefore, just as resent above all things the credit of his work on the fire drills , to require perfection in to somebody else , or the credit of somebody this regard. else's to him. I regard this mix- up as one of "The thing to urge in securing it, is that the worst things I have done in a long time. no more time is necessary, no harder work I have examined the original photographs is necessary, the satisfaction and pleasure sent to the editors and I find that the in- of working in this way, is in the big motive, scriptions made by me were printed in the the credit of the school system, require ac- magazine exactly as I furnished them. I find complishment of this task . also a written memorandum to one of the "Personal inspection and analysis of girls at 59th Street and Park Avenue, New causes of inefficiency, specific requirements York: 'Telephone schools and get the names given to the principals and any other admin- of the painters of these murals . From in- istrative means selected by your district formation obtained in this way on the day superintendents are indicated . In six weeks in November on which the copy and pic- I shall make another sample test and expect to find results as wanted. tures were due in the editorial office , I wrote " READING AND THINKING . The aver- the inscriptions under the photographs . The ages shown in these exercises are not cred- chances are fifty- fifty that the mistake was itable to you. The examiner gives this diag- made by me or by the girl who wrote the nosis: message to me after telephoning. As Mr. Rice says , the wide publication of the mis- Lack of self reliance, take is SO serious that my acknowledg- Expect to be told what to do, Tendency of teacher to "baby" the class , ment of it is very little balm. thus weakening self reliance, William McAndrew ." Lack of concentration, -From World's Work, May 1924. (Continued on Page 98) IN APPRECIATION "I am enclosing a check for two dollars to SUBSCRIPTION pay for a year's subscription for Margaret to Haley's Bulletin. It is rich and I feel that I would be deprived of much were I to miss a MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN single copy. Name. "My good friend, Mrs. has been send- ing me hers and I have enjoyed the wit, bril- Address (Street and Number) liancy and sense ( Horse or common) so much that I want my name on the mailing list." City A Former Teacher . Subscription price $2.00 per year. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν . Gratitude Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. Margaret Haley ought to be grateful to the school authorities. They persist in pro- Revised Version viding her with fuel to keep the fires burning . He who laughs last is usually the dumbest. Chicago Evening Post, Sept. 14, 1925 . -Yellow Jacket . 90 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 Rules Committee Recommends Amendment To Rule On Suspension Would Distinguish Between Teachers and Civil Service Employes At a meeting of the Rules Committee, No- as proposed, would apply to teachers unless vember 9, it voted to recommend to the Board it specifically stated "employes other than of Education an amendment to the rules re- teachers , " or civil service employes . garding the suspension of employes . The Business Representative of the Chi- The proposed rule, as it was before the cago Teachers' Federation appeared before committee, gave to the heads of departments the Rules Committee several months ago and called attention to the fact that teachers the power to suspend and fine employes as would be included in the rule unless it were disciplinary measures . amended . At the request of the Chicago Teachers ' The rule regarding the suspension of em- Federation, the amendment confining the ployes, was in a recommendation sent in by term " employes " as used in the proposed the business department and as originally rule, to civil service employes, was approved drawn, gave this power of suspension to by the Rules Committee which has not yet re- heads of all departments . ported on it to the Board of Education. The Rules Committee has not yet met to Under the statute, teachers are "em- consider proposed amendments to the rules ployes " and it was pointed out that the rule affecting teachers . Alterations Special Don't forget no charge for alterations at Harveys. HARVEY&CO 135-137 S. STATE ST. Discount to Teachers STRAIGHT LINES-LAVISH FURS RICH FABRICS-FLARES Elaborate the new WINTER COATS $65 to $95 Acollection, confirming the Harvey prestige of Coat-Leadership . -Every authentic 1925-26 Coat Fashion for Sport or Dress is included Every prevailing fur, and velvety-soft ma- .. terial• Paris-inspired styles, splendidly tailored, sumptuously • trimmed Every new autumn shade Whatever your • .. coat preference, it is here. Priced to prove the Superiority of Harvey Coat Values. 10% DISCOUNT TO TEACHERS Er 16 November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 91 PRINCIPALS' CLUB ON SIZE OF ad HIGH SCHOOL NE MAY ECONOMIZE IN 10. Of interest is the following paragraph many ways with profit to from the Chicago Principals' Club Service Bulletin No. 2 , October, 1925 : health as well as to purse, " The question is sometimes asked : “ How but cheap food, lacking large should the modern school be ? " In the quality, is never an economy for it SE writer's judgment the effective size of a high er exacts a heavier price than ever is school is limited only by the physical plant and the organizing ability of the principal, paid in money. Good food is the assuming, of course, adequate assistance . foundation of good health and good el If a school superintendent can with adequate health is priceless. assistance direct the education of 70,000 2 children, for example, what is to prevent a high school principal from doing the same thing, if ever a high school should grow that large ? " From Service Bulletin No. 2 . October, 1925 . (High School Number) Published by Chicago Principals' Club HENRICI'S WM. M. COLLINS, President Human Nature "I see there is no kissing in Tibet between 67 W. Randolph St. husband and wife ." 7 A. M. to Midnight "Isn't such an overwhelming lot here ." -Louisville Courier- Journal . A Lovely Figure Is the Beauty Right of All Women All the world over women wear Gossards because they give them Beauty -firm figures-slim and graceful lines . Silkenly soft, as skilfully designed to meet the lines of the figure, Gossard Foundation garments give support without being felt. Eichorn corsetieres will answer your figure needs perfectly in dainty Gossards . In the Eichorn Shop you can make your selection in ease and comfort --choosing it from an entire display of The Gossard Line of Beauty. Eichorn 72 EAST MADISON STREET CHICAGO On the Ground Floor 92 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 WORK - STUDY - PLAY PLAN ( Continued from Page 83 ) We Teach building department will find it advan- tageous to establish a shop in a central COMMERCIAL location for the sheet metal man, also for the electrician, the plumber and any of the other workmen. Later it will be proven that ART a foundry, machine shop and pattern shop will add to the efficiency of the department from the point of getting the work done . Meyer Both Company, the largest com- mercial art organization in the world So the educational opportunities are ex- offers you a practical training based upon 25 years of tended by ever-increased efficiency in the successful experience in serving leading advertisers everywhere. This nationally known organization each handling of this school repair and construc- year produces and sells to advertisers over 15,000 tion work .' commercial drawings . Our graduates are today filling attractive positions in practically every section of the " That applies to the elementary school ! country. Only from an institution of this kind can come a training in which there is so intimate a tie up between That is a suggestion offered as affecting chil- theory and practice , so direct a contact with the field . dren under fourteen years of age ! The re- You secure the same information that we successfully use in our daily activities . If you have a knack for drawing sponse of the citizens of New York nine send for illustrated book telling of the success of our years ago to that sort of thing was so students and the unusual opportunities for you in this fascinating field . vigorous that the ' platoonists' were driven to cover. MEYER BOTH COMPANY Michigan Ave. at 20th St. Dept. 107 Playing with Fire CHICAGO , ILL. "Since then, while retaining the word ' work' in connection with their plan they Announces the following have sought in the introduction of this sys- BERTHА ОТТ CONCERT and RECITALS under her management during October Lambert Murphy, tenor, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday tem in the few cities that have accepted it afternoon, November 22nd, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10 , $ 1.65 , $ 2.20 . so far to cover that thing up, but the ultimate Flonzaley Quartet, first of a series of three chamber music concerts , Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, November 22nd, at 3:30 . Second concert , December 6th third concert, January purpose is to bring it to life again. 10th . Season tickets at office of Bertha Ott, Inc., 1520 Blum Building , 624 South Michigan Ave. , $ 5.50 , $ 4.40 , $ 2.75 , tax "I call your attention to that one point- included. Sergei Rachmaninoff, pianist, recital, his only Chicago appear- one of several that ought to be called to ance, Auditorium Theatre, Sunday evening , November 22nd, at 8:15. Seats $ 1.10 , $1.65, $ 2.20, $ 2.75, tax included. Mail your attention, merely to bring it home to orders now. Roderick White, violinist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday you that we are playing with fire in delaying afternoon, November 29th, at 3:30 . Ossip Gabrilowitsch, second of a series of six historical recitals the securing for ourselves complete informa- with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, November 29th, at 3:30 . tion as to what is transpiring in the public Tickets can be secured by addressing school system of the United States . The BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave. Dear Miss Teacher : situation has become so dangerous that about Have you been going without corsets and find yourself a year and a half ago even the conservative spreading ? If so, you will be sorry. Let us mold you back into shapely lines with either our flexible lightly boned Corset, National Education Association issued a na- or our "Dream" Girdle-brassiere Figure-mold. They are tion- wide warning, and I want to read just "comfy" yet they control. Discount to you of 10%. We in- vite a call. a brief extract from a circular of that or- Mrs. L. M. MacPherson (Corset Specialist) ganization sent out all over the country. 517 Venetian Bldg., 15 E. Washington St. " " A fight is on the country over to reduce school costs and school privileges. Nothing 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago but an aroused public sentiment can avert HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING the impending injury to the public school are the natural result of system . Now, then why the necessity of this CONGESTED BLOOD -as are many other ailments . If YOUR school day wears on you sort of warning at this particular time ? -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if Because immediately following the war the you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the ELECTREAT reactionary forces in this country, the You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes. NOT A MEDICINE . enemies of the public school, sought to take Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given advantage of the public resentment against a free demonstration at home- no obligation the increase in taxes by directing suspicion towards the public school system . " ELECTREAT CO . Wab . 0598 From speech of Victor A. Olander, before Convention of 39 W. Adams St. American Federation of Labor, Atlantic City, N. J., October 16, 1925. nber November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 93 AN ALL- YEAR SCHOOLS 3 ) Exclusive...butnotExpensive (Continued from Page 87) A Discount of it that it will get children through school 10% at sooner. Is a school a sort of factory where something is being manufactured ? My idea MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Allowed to School Teachers P , Ground Floor of a school is that of a place where children Between Madison and Washingten rove are growing and developing. That is a ten process you cannot speed up. I can see that Closing Out Uncalled For epa if you were making coats, or caps, or dresses, FUR COATS ork THIS TIME OF THE you could make more if you worked six days YEAR we close out all a week instead of four, but with children it uncalled for Fur Coats- is different. A child of ten, or twelve, or You pay only the balance due by the original pur- fourteen should be developing as a child of chaser. Those who "act that age, and, by sending him to school a quickly" can secure some of the greatest values ever certain number of months longer, you cannot offered. Remember, all bring him to a point where he is older. Be- you pay is BALANCE DUE . Every Coat bears cause he has gone to school twelve months the guarantee of satis- faction, in a year, he will not be seventeen, if he is really fourteen. That is not his psychologi- Choice at に 7. cal pitch, as they say. $ 125.00 " The modern school is not a place where French Seal a child should pass all his time. It is too Mink -Marmot Northern Muskrat artificial . A big organization like a city Caracul school cannot be made a sufficiently natural Northern Seal Baltic Seal Man-Coon environment. 65 Other Uncalled for Fur Coats " Another argument for the plan is that from $100 to $250 Balance school attendance will keep the underpriv- MURRAY- BLACK CO . 21 N. Wabash Ave. ileged child, the child who has no place to BetweenMadison and Washington play, off the streets. We should not have such conditions, but, if we do have them, some other means should be taken to relieve MARINELLO them. School is not the privilege such a child lacks . 66 Approved Beauty Shop 'I teach in a school that is in a district Everything in Beauty Culture Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator filled with just such underprivileged chil- Suite 602 Stewart Bldg 108 N. State dren . The school is in the heart of the in- Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 dustrial section, at Ashland Avenue and Walton Street. From the time the windows TEACHING A PLEASURE are opened in the spring until it is cold When You Wear Our enough to close them in the autumn, it is so PHYSICAL CULTURE Combination Last Shoes, That Have Style Plus Comfort noisy that the teachers can hardly hear the We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required children and the children can hardly hear Service That Pleases BRUNS BOOTERY the teachers. The buildings themselves are 6 N. Michigan Blvd., Third Floor very old and uncomfortable, the oldest of them having been built in the sixties and the newest in the eighties. " Here the children would be compelled MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN to sit in a hot, noisy schoolroom during the hot-weather months, doing all day what some MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher adult tells them to do. If they were not in school, what would they be doing ? Well, MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten Eckhart Park, one of the smaller parks of months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 the west-park system, is only three or four Cents. blocks from the school ; the Chicago Asso- LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ciation of Commerce playground is as near ; ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of and the Northwestern University Community Settlement is less than a block away. The MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor , Suite 1335, American Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago (Continued on Page 95 ) Phone Central 3904 94 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 Column Conductor Considers Platoon Herald-Examiner Writer Scores Sys- tematizing of Children The Lady Gertrude You'd pay at least TWENTY - FIVE DOL- Apropos of the platoon schools, is the fol- LARS more for this beautiful blue - white lowing dissertation printed by the Herald- DIAMOND set in its delicate filigree of Examiner, April 24, 1925, in its column, 18K WHITE GOLD of the very newest "Lights and Darks," conducted by James craftsmanship, IF you could buy this EX- Weber Linn : CLUSIVE design at all in the more public E. F. L. wants me to jump on the " platoon places, where ground floor rents add so system" in the public schools. "Is it any much to the cost. advantage," he asks , "to become as machine- Only HERE on the famous fifth floor of the Republic $ like as possible, to take the individuality, Building, you may have it NOTHING 00 OO the warmth of the early years of instruction , for only ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS, and you may NOTHING20 out of school days ? Could not one good pay for it practically as you AWEEK please! teacher do more in awakening dormant in- terests in the children, in a class, say, of WERENICH Co REPUBLIC twenty-five to thirty, than a number of ' spe- cialists' can, from one to another of whom Predi Crea Jewelers th FLOOR BUILDING the children are kept trotting ? " 209 S. STATE ST * * Probably. In the platoon system the chil- 17 No. 912 STATE StevensBldg. dren get a chance to move about more , have HA RADCLIFFE % BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes more change, which is highly desirable for small boys and girls . But, on the other hand, Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP . they do miss the association with a single inthe City to. Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,23½to personality , if that personality happens to Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" 12;Widths, Combination Lasts ΑΛΛΑ Το ΕΕΕ "Stylish Stout Outsides" be an interesting one. E. F. L.'s happy idealism, however, regarding "classes of 25 THE BLUE SHOP to 30 " in the grades is worth noting . Where DRESSES are these classes ? Challis , Flannels , Cloths and Silks made to your measure * * * -regardless of size and figure-no fitting necessary. $10.00 to $15.00 for Making-You May Furnish Material. 1524 Stevens Bldg. The tendency to systematize the education of young children, nevertheless, seems to me unfortunate almost to fatality. They come HAIR TINTING to regard the exercise of their minds as a By LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) task, as something to be shunned and Not an ordinary process-but a proven method, backed. by years of success . avoided as much as possible. True, Emerson Special Club Rates For Teachers said " The hardest task in the world is to LOIS STUDIOS Room 808 . Call State 5089 think ," but that is no reason why for chil- 14 W. Washington St. dren it should be made unpleasant as well as difficult . Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. * * * on hand Remodeling and Repairing New Coats Made to Order Why do the blind, when they go on to 501 Capitol Building college, so often lead their classes ? Because State and Randolph Central 6049 on account of their handicap they have been Established 1897 ( Continued on Page 98) er 16 November 16, 1925. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 95 ALL- YEAR SCHOOLS ( Continued from Page 93 ) too Ashland Avenue Y. M. C. A. is also close by. In any of these places children would find more or less freedom in more natural sur- ‫ال‬ roundings . They would be free from being constantly told what to do by an adult. " I should be very sorry to see children passing a greater part of their years of child- the hood sitting, doing what adults tell them to He do . They should have a part of the year in Youthful Frocks and Coats which they may do more as they wish, or, at Ultra Individual in Design for least, be free from having every moment School-Street-Afternoon -Evening supervised .' We extend discount courtesy and charge accounts " Miss Slattery expressed her belief that Special features arranged for Saturday la shopping announced to teachers by mail the organization of the school would be com- See Special Advertisements in The Tribune plicated by the proposed change . We carry "Gotham Gold Stripe Hosiery" " 'The school organization is difficult Fill out and mail this coupon : enough as it is,' she said. 'We have, up to and including the eight grades of the ele- Name. mentary school, really sixteen grades. That Address. means that the school is reorganized twice a year. With more terms, the school would have to be reorganized oftener ; this would appear to be a most complicated procedure.' " Miss Slattery, in concluding , cited the BettyWales Shops 65-67 E. Madison St. Wilson Ave. at Sheridan failure of the all-year system in Newark, AND IN EVANSTON-ORRINGTON HOTEL New Jersey. After twelve years of operation New York Shop at Fifth Ave. and 36th St.. on an all-year basis , the superintendent of schools, she said, admitted in a report before the National Education Association that he Why Shouldn't a disapproved of the plan and that neither good-looking pair of shoes economically nor educationally was it a be comfortable? sound proposition. It's simply a matter of fitting the shoe to the foot instead of the foot to the shoe. A Glove-Grip Shoe will fit as if " Miss Margaret Haley, business manager it had been moulded to your foot, and it is as handsome a shoe as is made. of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, says Makers of Glove- Grip Shoes have a patented ARNOLD that the all-year school program is another exclusive method of making the instep. The GLOV D soft pliable leather of the upper comes up GRIP indication of a nation- wide movement to cut snugly under the instep of the foot, gently SHOES supporting the arch and fitting it like a the cost of education : glove. When the shoe is laced, it lifts up 66 the arch instead of pressing it down. 'The idea that education is costing too Combination Lasts for Men and Women much and the tendency toward cheaper edu- $10 $11 $12 cation are spreading, ' said Miss Haley. ' To ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP my mind, the period of education ought to Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill . be extended, not reduced . " It is incomprehensible to teachers that forty- eight or fifty children are to keep lock FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Teachers Solicited step in learning —progress. The powers in Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Repairing and Remodeling charge of education have all along been 25 Years' Experience Designing trying to stop retardation, to keep chil- to Individual Taste dren from being left behind in school, LEVEY & CO. Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. whether the diploma they receive is a mockery of the educational system or not. They want to see statistics so many chil- Phones Central 2551-2552 Res. Park Ridge 1842 dren turned out in a given time . JOHN J. McCORMICK " Those who are most enthusiastic for SHORTHAND REPORTER 1105 Ashland Block, Chicago this proposed change are those who are SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND , thinking of the time that will be saved. With REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS . Official Shorthand Reporter for Chicago Teachers' Federation (Continued on Page 97) 96 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 Plan Put Cart Before Horse, Says Paper New Revenue Proposal Avoids Putting Teachers In Unfavorable Light A further vindication of the position of the Chicago Teachers' Federation in opposing a W referendum to increase the tax rate for the White purpose of increasing teachers' salaries, is contained in the following editorial from the PAINFUL feet can be quickly relieved. Chicago Daily Journal of October 30, 1925 : Ground Gripper shoes are designed to CHICAGO end foot troubles. Thousands of men and women have found new health and com- The stern refusal of the school teachers to be fort through these shoes. bullyragged into accepting a salary increase when You, too, can get relief with them. funds for paying it were not in prospect, has resulted, GROUND GRIPPER STORES after a long delay and much quibbling, in a sane and 63 East Adams Street business -like plan. Superintendent McAndrew was 29 East Lake Street 40 North Clark Street for hoisting salaries and then asking the taxpayers for funds, which was putting the cart before the ROUND horse. Under the new and proper plan the voters SHOES G FOR RIPPER ALL THE FAMILY are to be asked next April to vote to increase the educational tax rate from $ 1.92 to $2.92 on each $100 of assessed valuation-an increase of about 52 per cent. This new and sensible plan avoids plac- ing the army of teachers in an unfavorable light with the taxpayers . The McAndrew plan provided for the compulsion of the taxpayer; the new plan provides for his persuasion. INTRODUCING ! -Editorial Chicago Daily Journal, Oct. 30, 1925. To the School Teachers of Chicago Goodrich Dressmaking Service To Whom It May Concern We design, cut and fit any garment from your own material and make ready for you to finish. Also The response from readers of The Bulletin partial and complete finishing services. has been gratifying . Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone By patronizing advertisers, subscribers to The Bulletin have been a stimulus to greater THE GOODRICH SHOP advertising. Advertisers have reported in- 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 creased business as a result of teachers' pa- tronage. The management of The Bulletin thanks the readers for their interest and co- operation . CommercialArt and School Owing to many changes in address, the mailing list machinery of The Bulletin has VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION ILLUSTRATION, been slightly impeded and there are a few COSTUME DESIGN Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering and Design bulletins not reaching their destination . Day, Half-Day, Evening and Saturday Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago We shall appreciate it if subscribers not getting the magazine will call our attntion to GO THE the fact. Every effort is being made to insure WENZEL WAY its safe delivery and any failure will be recti- For Superior Instruction in fied as quickly as possible . HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER As the Irishman said in a letter to his friend WRITE OR CALL Room 306, 177 No. State St. CHICAGO of uncertain address, "If you don't get it, let Phone State 1887 me know ." -Editor. er 16, November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 97 e ALL- YEAR SCHOOLS There IS a Reason (Continued from Page 95) Why Socket Fit Shoes fit and satisfy. ape two months saved a year by doing away with They are the only shoes with a the summer vacation, an entire year will be moulded arch that fits the contour of the Putt saved by the time the sixth grade is reached. foot. Com- The taxpayers will be able to save in taxes fort In Ev- ht ery Step the cost of one year per child. because “ I reiterate that I think the period of a they fit the the foot in of child's schooling ought to be extended, not its normal condition. Osim reduced . Teachers of Chicago who are in- D. C. LOCKE'S for timately connected with the issue will not ies approve of the proposed plan.' In the SOCKET FIT Formerly " The idea of the opponents of the all-year the school seems to be that school is a kind of Lobby SHOE STORE College ofthe 19 prison from which pupils should be periodi- Shops Boot 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Bldg. Shop cally released. If schools are in reality ' old CHICAGO. ILLINOIS to and uncomfortable,' if in these places chil- dren are ' doing all day what some adult tells them to do,' there should be haste to bring Now Is the Time to Select Your about a general reform. If the all-year Fur Coat school can be made the issue which will Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at bring wholesome physical conditions into the STAEDTER'S school system in general, if the dread of 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. winter school can be banished through the introduction of health and recreation into the summer session, then great gain will come KING BEAUTY SHOP from the discussion." Quality Service at a Reasonable Price Permanent Waving a Specialty "With regard to the statement that school SATISFACTION GUARANTEED organization is now so complicated as to Phone 219 Mallers Bldg. preclude the idea of further enlargement, DEArborn 5120 5 So. Wabash one is constrained to reply that perhaps more training in methods of management on the part of those who conduct the organization JUST WHAT YOU WANT -discussions , suggestions and everything on ART of is the solution of this problem rather than a value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful . Your curtailment of children's privileges to accom- subscription will be welcomed. $ 2.00 per year-20c per copy. Send stamps for sample copy. Remember it's the- modate those who see no way of conducting ALL-ARTS MAGAZINE schools other than the traditional way. " Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams Street, Dept. M Chicago, Illinois -Elehentary Schools Journal , October 1925. Tools For Apples SUPERFLUOUS HAIR A city couple on a drive through the coun- Can positively be forever destroyed. I have been in business for try in the late autumn pulled up beside a many years And I Guarantee My Work small orchard and helped themselves to MARTHA B. DOWDY apples in large quantities. Their consciences Dearborn 5397 Madison and Wabash No Apprentices. Not a Beauty School . bothering them somewhat, however, they stopped in front of the farmhouse which SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS AND CLASSES adjoined the orchard and called to the In Selecting farmer who was on the front porch . "We helped ourselves to your apples, " said the woman. "Just thought we'd tell DuBois Studios 610 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State St. Phones State 4218-4219-4220 you." As the official photographer for your graduating classes or individual photographs , you are assured of prompt service "Oh, that's all right," said the farmer. and rare quality. "I helped myself to your tools when you were in the orchard ." -Jester. MARGARET A. LYNCH The Limit COURT REPORTER "What is the penalty for bigamy ? " 1301 Ashland Block "Two mothers-in-law." 155 N. Clark Dearborn 5728 -Middlebury Blue Baboon. 98 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 A LITTLE LEARNING (Continued from Page 89 ) Rambling answers , irrelevant material, Now No One Can Say Instead of answering the questions , the "I. Cannot Afford the pupils copy words and phrases from the para- graph, Best Encyclopaedia - Lack of ability to think, Lack of ability to compare thoughts and conditions . "With regard to the poor showing on both It Is Now Within Reach these requirements , I get repeated sugges- tions from persons familiar with the Chicago of Every One in system that ' The principals and teachers don't know that you mean it.' The princi- pals and teachers have not been used to follow-up or to requirements of producing a specific result." The New "The same thing was reported regarding fire drills , and yet in school after school you Popular- Priced Edition have secured 100 % fire drills . "Now, let me see in your division the of habit of 100 % accuracy in computations and a decided increase in thinking ability due to improved methods of conducting THE NEW reading classes . " " ( Signed) Wm. McANDREW." To Mr. Wm . J. Bogan, INTERNATIONAL Mr. C. E. DeButts , Mr. M. G. Hogge , Miss E. W. Murphy, ENCYCLOPAEDIA Mr. A. B. Wight . EXCERPT FROM LETTER OF OCTOBER 7, For a long time the publishers of The New 1925-SUBJECT : “ FOLLOW-UP ." International Encyclopaedia have been studying " At Fullerton Hall I laid down desid- practical methods by which this great work erata for immediate action in schools. You could be brought financially within the reach of need in your division a strict and business- every family in America, without in any way lessening its value. Now that has been accom- like follow- up of computations, 100 per cent plished. A new 13-volume edition is in prepara- in every exercise. This is now possible if tion printed from the same plates and identical you, through your district superintendent, require it . I am not getting it with the in every way with regular 25-volume edition promptness I secured in the divisions I except for carefully planned economies in manu- facture that make it possible to offer it at an supervised in the last school system with which I was connected . You can ascertain amazingly low figure. As to contents, this is the same great work that is accepted in schools , why this is true in your division: attention libraries and homes as America's greatest refer- by principals to secondary things , attention ence work. It includes the recent Supplement by principals to their peculiar and no doubt that has made The New International the most valuable hobbies ; lack of feeling of re- a modern and complete encyclopaedia in exist- sponsibility for as high a grade of instruc- ence. tion as can be secured.' " Now in securing this great question- William McAndrew." answerer, you may have your choice between the regular 25-volume edition and this new 13- In Letter to Division Superintendents October 20 , 1925 volume edition that is offered at a price hereto- fore thought impossible. COLUMN CONDUCTOR FREE 64 -PAGE BOOKLET (Continued from Page 94) Mailed upon application to given individualized instruction. It is curious that we should not recognize the fact that Dodd, Mead & Company INCORPORATED what is good for those handicapped by the PUBLISHERS loss of one sense should be equally good for those possessed of all five . New York and Chicago * * * CUT OUT AND SEND THIS COUPON In high school, in college, system in train- Dodd, Mead & Co., Inc., Publishers, ing is useful, though even there the pupils 160 N. La Salle St. , Chicago , Ill. instinctively rebel against it. But in the Please send free Sample Page Booklet and full information regarding The New International grades it is psychologically as depressing as Encyclopaedia . membership in a chain-gang . Name............ Very Little Room School Position. "Who was the smallest man in history ? " Street Address . "Give up ." City and State. "The Roman soldier who slept on his (From adv. in Haley's Bulletin, No., 1925 ) watch ." November 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 99 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions , either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Beginning and Advanced Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning ог review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach . MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave. , Chicago, Ill . 431 S. Wabash Ave. Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Omloss Collegiate Tours YES YOU CAN Via Buy on Extended Payments Canadian Pacific To Europe Chambers Charactergraphs Weekly Sailings from Montreal Without exception the best portrait Montclare Every Friday photographs made . But that is the least Montroyal May 28 to July 23, 1926 part of the savings, service and values Montrose we offer. Montcalm 36 Days -- $ 350 Personally conducted, capably chaperoned Consider these special gift combina- tours by steamship, rail and motor- tions : Liverpool-the beauty and historical (Only 4 days spots of England, Holland, Belgium and $ 10.00 Actual Value for $ 5.00 on open sea.) France with an opportunity to visit Ire- 20.00 Actual Value for 10.00 land, Scotland, Switzerland and Germany , if desired. 40.00 Actual Value for 15.00 Thirty -six days seeing warm, colorful, tranquil, fascinating sections of historical 55.00 Actual Value for 25.00 interest. Europe with its art treasures , 105.00 Actual Value for 50.00 traditions , gaiety and night life. The shortest route-four days open sea with an opportunity to see Toronto, Nia- Good faith, courteous service, no high gara Falls , Montreal-Days of dancing, pressure sales methods-But let us tell playing, travel luxury-or restful relaxa- you all about it. tion. Canadian Pacific service and cuisine en voyage. Call Randolph 2631 To the Orient $ 500 We Have a Surprise for You Sailing from Vancouver July 8, 1926 CHAMBERS STUDIO Know the Orient the land of Flowers , 39 So. State Street Romance and Mystery . Narrow crooked streets, quaint costumes and customs- Photographs from $ 10.00 to $ 100.00 Japan, China and the Philippines-A Per Dozen glorious sea voyage on one of the Em- presses of the Canadian Pacific. TEACHERS : Reservations may be made on application to the Arts Craft A reply to this ad may be worth $ 100.00 to you. Guild, 500 N. Dearborn St. , or Introducing our offers to your friends can be R. S. Elworthy, Steamship Gen. made exceedingly profitable. We are willing to pay for leads . Agt., 71 E. Jackson Blvd. , Chicago. If you can sell in spare time, our proposition the greatest return for the least effort. Telephone Sales Manager at Randolph 2631 for further infor- CANADIAN PACIFIC mation. SPARE TIME ART COURSES Briefs , Records, Trust Deeds Many of us do not realize what can be accomplished Confidential Reports in SPARE TIME IN ART-do you ? Monday- Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9 :30 also Satur- day and Sunday Classes in ART. Possibly we have just the course you have always longed to take. What BARNARD & MILLER is it-dress design, fashion, interior decoration, com- Law &Commercial Printers mercial art, illustration or ?? 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses TelephoneFranklin 0562 Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. Price Lists "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School 100 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN November 16, 1925 Let Christmas Holidays Show You Florida ! Enjoy a " summertime Christmas ! " Come motor tours which show you the famous back to 1926 with the healthy brown of east coast, from Palm Beach to Miami. the Florida sun on your face, and the re- And you are sure of the cost-only $ 150 freshed vigor of salt water bathing tingling -with everything provided, except din- through your whole system. No vacation ing car meals-from the time you leave could be more delightful-no vacation home until you come back again . could offer you more in health, entertain- ment, education, and enchantment. Idle up and down the three-mile Broad Walk-take a daily dip in the Atlantic, You can leave after school closes for the warmed by the Gulf Stream, or swim in holidays-you are home before school the gorgeous new quarter-million dollar starts again . This trip is 10 Glorious Days Bathing Casino. Dance at the planned especially for teachers Hollywood Country Club - -it is your great opportunity know the thrill of deep-sea to see and know Florida. Best of all you have no worry pays $150. for literally everything ex- cept dining car meals . Your fishing-and above all, know the miracle of Hollywood-by- about accommodations - right Pullman berth and train fare the Sea, the model city, built both ways; your room and at the time when thousands of meals ; your trips by boat and in all its completeness in four motor ; the freedom of the people are flocking to Florida, beaches and golf courses - all short years . are included for $150. you are nevertheless sure that everything is provided for your comfort in Send the coupon now for full information Hollywood-by-the-Sea. -make reservations early, as the demand You are sure of the freedom of the beaches is growing every day. Special All Pull- and Golf Club-you are sure of luxurious man Train Leaves Chicago, December 23. Hollywood-by-the-Sea -----ENCHANTING TOUR COUPON- R. Crawford, Agent, Hollywood-by- the-Sea Touring Dept. Name Mail 108 West Madison St., Chicago. Please send me, without obligation, folder describing 1 Address $150 ten-day enchanting trip to Hollywood-by- the- Sea, Florida. This Also send complete details and folder written by Phone Number newspaper man who recently visited Hollywood. (If you want quick action) ember14 VOL . NO . 111 MargaretHaley's 6 BULLETIN Chicago , Ill . 341 November 30, 1925 ! The HEART that DARES the stirring OHimpetuou and rough and s song- The song of the heart that dares, That sticks to its creed and gives no heed To the faces that fortune wears! CHAT heart that laughs when the foe is met, Andthrives andfires at taunt andthreat, And finds no toiling or travelling long, For the sake of the good it bears . -Sweeney. 00 102 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Νον. 30, 1925 32 32 South South State Street FRIEND&SON State Street 10% Off To School Teachers Teachers will be delighted to find at Friend's Truly Beautiful Garments The Lady Gertrude at such Economical Prices. All You'd pay at least TWENTY-FIVE DOL- sizes including Stouts. LARS more for this beautiful blue - white Your Unrestricted DIAMOND set in its delicate filigree of Choice of 18K WHITE GOLD of the very newest 350 Lavishly Fur Trimmed craftsmanship, IF you could buy this EX- CLUSIVE design at all in the more public COATS $2975 Every Coat is gor- geously Fur Trimmed places, where ground floor rents add so much to the cost. with Quality Furs. Finest Fabrics and shades are included. Only HERE on the famous fifth floor of the Republic $ 465 Luxurious Building, you may have it NOTHING - 00 for only ONE HUNDRED DOWN DOLLARS, and you may FUR COATS $95 These Fur Coat Values Thesecreate a sensation . will pay for it practically as you please! AWEEK Finest of Pelts are fashioned into the latest style dictates. Smart New Fall WERENICH Populer Co REPUBLIC DRESSES $1675 Predit 5th Jewelers FLOOR 209 S. STATE ST BUILDING LUNCHEON SATURDAY FASHION CLASS Session ....9:30 A. M. to 12:30 P. M. CANDIES Twelve Saturdays ...... $ 15 RICH ICE CREAMS FINE ARTS COURSE Much as tho you would conceive in your own Tuesday and Thursday Evening and Saturday Afternoon mind the finest and most desirable things to eat and then find them in beautiful surround- Especially Arranged for Teachers and ings-moderately priced ! High School Students At My New Tea Room VERSATIL SCHOOL OF JULIA KING'S 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST . ADVERTISING ART 39 South State Near Randolph St. FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS SATURDAY CLASSES FOR TEACHERS Mornings-Our new structural design applied to standard normal art methods , dress design, commercial design, interior decoration, school annual illustration. Streiff&Dagobert ✓ FLORISTS, Afternoons-Structural design applied to industrial art methods, dress and poster design. Also still life and life sketch classes . ALL DAY TUITION $ 24.00 FOR THREE MONTHS Our certificates of accomplishment have been accepted by Boards of Expert Designer of Floral Art Education and Universities for 20 years. THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Carl N. Werntz, Director. 81 East Madison Street. Circular Letters-Addressing-Mimeographing TAXI CAB SERVICE Typewriting Specializing in Mailing Service for. We will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHICAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. Complete Mailing Campaigns ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION COMMERCIAL LETTER CO. The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago Dearborn 5303-5417 Room 1344-127 N. Dearborn Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. 30, MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 6 November 30, 1925 Page 103 e DO Victor Olander Discusses Two Educational Questions Platoon and Junior High Schools Considered In Second Installment of Address Various problems, among them the platoon is preparing to submit to the Executive Council the information that will enable the Council and the school and junior high schools, were dis- American Federation of Labor to cope with the situ- ation. cussed by Victor Olander, secretary of the The three proposals referred to in the report of Illinois State Federation of Labor, in an ad- the committee, the so-called "platoon" or Gary dress delivered October 16, 1925 , before the system and the " intelligence test" and the "junior high schools" are the classification schemes by which convention of the American Federation of it is intended to separate the children into different ✓ Labor, in Atlantic City. groups , some of which are to be given the advantage of a higher education and others are to be turned The first part of his talk was published into industry and commerce at an early age . in the November 16 issue of The Bulletin. "Junior" High Schools The second installment dealing further The " junior high school" has the same relation to a regular public school system as the switch has with platoon schools and discussing Junior to the main line of a railroad. The switch need not = High Schools, is published in this issue. The be opened, it can remain closed and the line remain intact, but it is therefor used as a switch . It isn't series will be concluded in the December 15 a high school, it is an intermediate school, but it is number. used to split the system at a point where it is hoped to check the movement toward the high school . They Following is the second part of Mr. Olan- tell us in honeyed language that in cities where they der's address : have adopted that system there is an increase in the number of pupils that go into the regular high school . In 1921 , if I recall aright, a meeting of some impor- That is a misleading statement. tance was held and it was determined there that Last June in Chicago when an inquiry was sent to steps were to be taken to arouse the people of the the pupils in the eighth grade as to the number that United States against education by calling their at- intended to go into the high school in September, tention to the costs in dollars and cents . The Ameri- over 90 per cent replied in the affirmative . That was can Council on Education organized an inquiry on the before Chicago had "junior high schools." And what financing of public schools . The financing of that in- is true in Chicago is true in every city in the United quiry was undertaken by the Carnegie Corporation, States without exception . Everywhere the demand the General Education Board, which is really the for more and more high school education for the Rockefeller Foundation, and other funds . Shortly children of the working people has been growing apace . after, the Carnegie Institute issued the report in which it is charged that our schools are being Now, to investigate and determine what effect this "overrun by a flood of pupils, many of whom would intermediate school has upon the children, it is neces- never have been admitted under reasonable condi- sary to do more than to walk into some city and find tions." That has special reference to the high school , a building that is called a "junior high school," go in of course. It is claimed in the report that the trou- and look at the children, and ask a few questions of ble is admission of great numbers ill-fitted for the the teachers. You have got to determine its effect higher and more expensive education such as that of over a period of time, not so much its effect upon a the high schools and colleges." That is almost the particular group of children, because that is hard to exact language of the report. define, but its effect upon the teachers . How has it The inquiry commission which is being financed influenced their outlook upon life? Let us make that in part by that corporation entered my own state and inquiry in a city in the United States that has had has published a voluminous report evidently intended "junior high school " for ten years . The system did to awe us as to the amount of money we are spending not originate yesterday; it is not as new as some for the education of our children, and the report would have us believe. closes by telling us in substance that we have an anti- I want to call your attention to this one item quated system of taxation in Illinois, that we have from a report compiled by all the supervisors in that reached the educational tax limit in many parts of system . The language is something like this : ' The the state, and the only way to curtail expenses is to pupils are separated into two general groups . Those "lop off" some of the higher and more expensive in the superior group are encouraged to go on into schools, referring, of course, to the high schools. I the high school; those in the inferior or lower group am glad to say that the standing Committee on Edu- are urged to take up household and industrial work. cation has now been made aware of this situation and (Continued on Page 118) From the Masthead by The Lookout Mandamus Proceedings were brought by the teachers Against the incorporate tax-dodging creatures; "No, No," say the ladies, "you cannot flim-flam us We'll keep up the fighting though every man damn us." Chicago Journal, October 18, 1900 . TO the Teachers of Chicago: The Firemen's Association of Chicago, on that there is no money with which November 24, 1925, filed a complaint with to meet our just demands." the Board of Review against thirty-five Cor- It is plain that there must be an porations to compel them to pay their Capital increase in revenue to the city be- Stock tax on about $ 265,000,000 . Alderman fore we can get relief. Oscar F. Nelson, 46th Ward, joined in the The Firemen's Association on November complaint. 27 sent out a call to all the firemen of the On filing its complaint the Firemen's Asso- city, members and non-members of their ciation issued a statement from which the Association. It begins with this stirring following paragraphs are quoted : slogan : We have taken a page out of the "Up and at them ! Teachers' book. We propose now to If the City won't, some one must ! " make a fight to have the corporations This call was a summons to all firemen in the City of Chicago that are assess- "in justice to their families and to the gen- able by the Board of Review pay their eral public," to co-operate in doing their share of taxes . "duty as citizens and public servants" to The vast holdings of the corpora- see that these tax-dodging corporations are tions in this City demand a very large made to pay taxes in the same proportion proportion of the fire protection given to the value of their property as home own- to the property of this city. The cor- ers and small business men are compelled porations are not paying a fair share to pay on the value of their property. of the taxes necessary to maintain this Firemen Show Unjust Tax protection. The fireman's complaint is printed here in Some years ago the Chicago full . It contains a striking example of dis- Teachers found themselves in about crimination against small home owners and the same position that the Firemen in favor of great corporations. All the facts are in today. They made a fight be- about the actual value, the assessment made fore the State Board of Equalization by the assessors, and the taxes paid, respec- to have the public utilities corpora- tively, on a small house and lot and on a tions assessed on their capital stock huge corporation, are set forth in detail from and they won their fight. the actual facts as shown by public records. The Firemen of the City of Chi- The complaint states that these records show cago are not paid a living wage. We that a tax of $ 149.99 was paid on a house have appealed to the City Council and lot for which a man and wife paid year after year for relief but each $10,500 on March 24, 1924; while a capital year we get the same answer. We stock tax of $40.00 was paid by a corpora- are told that the "Cupboard is Bare" ; tion whose statement to its stockholders in Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 105 December, 1924, showed that its taxable poorest paid men in the community, capital stock was valued at $45,000,000 . being paid approximately 50 cents per The complaint shows that— hour as compared to 80 cents per hour received by common laborers If the assessors had assessed the $ 10,500 now employed by the City; that the house and lot in the same proportion to its Firemen's Association, on behalf of value as they assessed the $45,000,000 of its members, has appealed to the City capital stock of the corporation, Council each year since 1915 for an The taxes on the $ 10,500 house and lot increase in salary equal to the in- Instead of being $149.99 crease in the cost of living ; that each Would be less than One Cent. year the merit of their claims has If the assessors had assessed the $45,000,- been acknowledged but the increase 000 capital stock of the corporation in the has been refused on the ground that same proportion to its value as they assessed a sufficient amount of money was not the $ 10,500 house and lot received from taxes which could be used for that purpose. The taxes on the $45,000,000 of capital stock Instead of being $40 As I listened to this recital and viewed the Would be $686,000. scene before me , another picture arose in my memory-the picture of a train load of The hearing began before the Board of corporation attorneys, also shining lights of Review on the complaint of the Firemen's the Chicago bar, who appeared before the Association the day after Thanksgiving -the State Board of Equalization in Springfield, day that call was sent out. Mr. Edwin just 25 years ago almost to a day. They had Hamilton, the attorney retained by the Fire- come to fight the complaint of the teachers men's Association, appeared before the who, like the firemen, were reduced to star- Board on behalf of the Firemen. The next vation wages while powerful public utility hearing will be on December 9 . corporations were fattening on exorbitant I sat in that stuffy room in the County rates of service to the public, dodging their Building-into which neither a breath of taxes, thereby shifting the burden to the fresh air nor a ray of sunlight ever seemed small home owner and the small business to have penetrated an interested spectator man, and defrauding the public employees at that hearing. I listened to the splendid of the city, its firemen, policemen and others , presentation by Mr. Hamilton of the case of a just wage. of the Fire Fighters of Chicago against the tax-dodging corporations whose property Teachers' Fight Recalled these Fire Fighters protect with their lives . On that train to Springfield that night of I looked at the imposing array of legal November 21 , 1900, I heard one of those talent, shining lights of the Chicago bar corporation attorneys tell another that the -standing six deep before the members of Board of Equalization was all right and the Board of Review, Messrs. Barrett, Litzin- wanted to do the right thing by the cor- ger and Weber. I realized fully that these porations, but that the Board was fright- suave, smooth gentlemen that the lone at- ened by the judge's decision rendered torney for the firemen faced were there to against it that morning ; that he was glad defend the under-assessment of the tax- that all these attorneys were going to Spring- dodging corporations, an under-assessment field as they would all be needed to give which permits hundreds of millions of dol- that Board moral backing . lars of property to evade the tax imposed by The next morning Miss Goggin and I sat law for the payment of the salaries of fire- in the Senate Finance Committee room, in men and for other imperative needs of the the capitol, at Springfield, and heard one city, including the education of its children. of those suave, smooth, legal defenders of I listened with interest to the recital of the tax- dodging corporations call the teachers following facts in that complaint : tax- eaters and tell the members of the State That in the year 1914 the Chicago Board of Equalization that if the firemen Firemen received better wages than or policemen of Chicago had come down any other class of workers requiring to Springfield with such a demand as we about the same intelligence and teachers had made, they would be thrown ability; that the firemen are now the out of the window ; that the only reason that Pages 106 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Νον. 30, 1925 we teachers were not thrown out of the judgment and experience of the teachers of window was that we were women . Chicago . The official records show that it A quarter of a century brings wisdom was because of the teachers' expressed op- even to corporations. The firemen were not position to the proposal to platoon the thrown out of the window last Friday when schools as a means of meeting a financial they appeared before the Board of Review necessity that the Teachers ' Council were to present their complaint against the tax- abolished. dodging corporations, and therein lies some We say to you Firemen of Chicago, yours hope for the teachers and cause for thanks- is a timely slogan : “Up and at them ! If the giving. City won't, some one must." The teachers are with the firemen heart The experience of the teachers of Chicago and soul and bid them Godspeed. Their has shown them that the City won't. It has coming into the fight is a blessing to the convinced them that the ones who must, and children and to the tax- paying citizens of will, are the teachers, the firemen, and other Chicago at this time, when the voice of the public servants who are paying the penalty teachers has been stifled by having their of low wages while being held responsible Councils abolished ; while the educational for results utterly impossible of accomplish- needs of the school children are being pared ment under existing conditions . These pub- to fit the financial necessity confronting the lic servants are the only ones who can and Board of Education. This financial necessity will address themselves to the situation in in the schools, as in the fire department and which this city finds itself on account of tax- other departments of the city, is the result dodging and tax-fixing. of tax- fixing and tax- dodging . Teachers Take Action Tax-Dodging Hits Schools It seems more than mere co-incidence that The platoon school , now being foisted the Chicago Teachers' Federation at its regu- upon the children in the elementary schools lar meeting on November 21, 1925, wholly of this city, is an acknowledged money-sav- unaware of the contemplated action of the ing expedient adopted by a previous board firemen, instructed its officers to bring a of education to meet that financial necessity. complaint before the State Tax Commission The entire body of elementary classroom similar to the complaint which the firemen, teachers , acting through their councils, re- three days later, brought before the Board ported their judgment to the Superintend- of Review . The day on which the Federa- ent of Schools on March 22, 1924 , that the tion took that action, November 21, 1925, platoon form of school organization is edu- was the 25th anniversary of the first court cationally unsound and detrimental to the decision against the State Board of Equali- children. Of the elementary principals sent zation in that famous tax suit of the teachers by the Board of Education to investigate the (The People of the State of Illinois ex platoon school in other cities the only one rel Goggin vs. The State Board of Equaliza- whose report was not suppressed pronounced tion ) referred to in the statement that the the platoon school " exactly the factory sys- firemen had taken a page from the teachers' tem applied to the education of the child . " book . Before the instructions given by the The answer of that Board of Education to Federation on November 21 were put into this collective judgment of the teachers, who effect by its officers, the action taken by the are charged with the responsibility of doing firemen's association was made public the actual teaching of the children, was to through the press. abolish summarily the teachers' councils The teachers of Chicago are with the through which that judgment of the teach- Firemen, heart and soul. We know that ers in this vital matter was expressed. the Firemen will meet the same cynical and In his annual report for the year ending pessimistic attitude that confronted us 25 June 30, 1925, the Superintendent states : years ago , " What's the use ? Don't you " Concurrent with the shortage of school know that those great, powerful corpora- accommodations and the increased cost of tions control the courts and all the other building, have come various devices of car- machinery of government ?" That five-word ing for the children. ** We have 60 schools decision of Judge James Creighton in the which are now run on platoon plans. ** , Circuit Court of Sangamon County, " This This, teachers of Chicago, is the answer case shall be heard," rendered on November our administrators make to the collective 21 , 1900, in the teachers' case against the Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 107 Board of Equalization, was the answer of put that money in the public treasury, and one honest, courageous judge a quarter of another four years' court fight after that to a century ago to that cynicism and pessimism secure for the teachers the back salary which might well have blighted the hopes which the firemen and policemen got from 1 and paralyzed the energies of the teachers the City Council without asking for it. had they listened to that instead of to the Out of that experience the teachers 1 call of duty. learned the value and the need of the ballot. Courts Aided People The firemen, the teachers, and the people, When Miss Goggin and I advised with for- need to learn, how to use the ballot to end mer Governor Altgeld, also former Judge, this intolerable tax- dodging and tax-fixing . honest and courageous judge and governor The laws of Illinois demand that all kinds 1 as he was, he told us we were right, to go of property be taxed uniformly according to ahead, but we would not win, that there was value, the capital stock of corporations the not a court in Christendom that would give same as houses and lots . Tax- payers , whether us a decision against those powerful corpora- as home-owners or as renters (for the renter tions . We not only won that preliminary de- not the landlord pays the taxes) , do not will- cision in the Circuit Court of Sangamon ingly pay One Dollar on every $70 of actual County but Judge Creighton's decision was valuation on their houses and lots while multi- followed by another decision in that court by millionaire corporations pay at the rate of another honest and fearless judge, Judge One Dollar on every $ 1,000,000 of the actual 1 Owen P. Thompson. And the decisions of value of their capital stock. The home- own- both these judges were sustained unani- ers and renters continue to do this because mously by the Supreme Court of this state. they see no way out. As a result the five public utility corpora- The teachers and Firemen of Chicago can tions of Chicago paid into the public treas- find the way out. To do this they must work ury in July, 1902, $ 600,000 in back taxes together : They must get the facts. Estab- on their capital stock for the year in which lish them. Get them to the people. Then we started that fight, the year 1900 . " seek and ye shall find " the right way. Get When that $ 600,000 was paid into the that too to the people, simply, and clearly. public treasury the Mayor sent a message to The people will gladly lift the unjust burden the City Council urging the Council to re- of taxation from themselves, and in the doing store to the firemen and policemen the of it, they will free the teachers and firemen month's salary which they had lost in 1900, from their burdens . the year for which these back taxes were Failure to meet that responsibility fear- paid . The Mayor sent no such message to lessly and intelligently now would be a the Board of Education on behalf of the cowardly shirking and shifting of that re- teachers whose salaries were cut in 1900 sponsibility to the next generation. The teach- and who had borne the entire financial and ers and firemen of Chicago are neither other burdens of securing these back-taxes. cowards nor shirkers. That Board of Education not only failed to record in its official proceedings that this In the heart of the City of Cleveland stands back-tax money was secured by the teachers a monument erectd by a grateful people to but it did not restore to the teachers the Tom L. Johnson, the man who fought for salary which they had lost in 1900. The just taxation for his City and State and teachers had to go back again to the courts, showed the way. The inscription on his monu- ment reads : this time against the Board of Education, to secure from the courts recognition of their "Beyond his party and beyond his class, just claims, recognition which the firemen This man forsook the few to serve the mass. received from the Mayor and City Council He found us groping, leaderless and blind ; without even asking for it. He left a city with a Civic Mind. Keep Up the Fight He found us striving , each his selfish part ; Again the teachers obtained justice in the He left a city with a Civic Heart. Courts, this time in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Judge Edward F. Dunne, ( after- And ever, with his eyes fixed on the goal— wards Mayor of Chicago and Governor) The Vision of a City with a Soul." whose decision restored to the teachers what the Board of Education denied . It took a two- and-a-half years' fight in the courts to Marjan A. Haly Page 108 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Nov. 30, 1925 Firemen , Emulating Teachers, Ask For Equitable Taxation File Complaint Against Corporations as Means of Increasing Revenue Tearing a page from the teachers' book, In this connection the Firemen's Association re- spectfully directs your attention to the fact that since as it says itself, the Firemen's Association 1921 the increase of value of taxable property in the of Chicago filed a complaint with the Board City of Chicago, due to new building alone, has been at a very conservative estimate, more than $900,000,- of Review, November 24, against the capital 000. stock assessment of 35 corporations. The Chicago Economist, a well known and reliable The motive behind the action and the rea- financial publication, states that the building permits issued in the City of Chicago for the years 1921 to son for taking it, are contained in the fol- 1924, inclusive, were $978,568,000. It is sometimes said that the building permits do not reflect the true lowing complaint, signed by the Firemen's value of the buildings; that sometimes a high figure Association, through its president, George is inserted in the permit in order to secure a loan. This is not true for in nearly all cases the loan is L. Franck, and addressed to the Board of made before a building permit is issued. Review of Cook County : $990,000,000 BUILDING PERMITS Chicago, Illinois , We have investigated and we believe that the November 23, 1925 . actual cost of the buildings covered by the permits BOARD OF REVIEW OF COOK COUNTY , issued from 1921 to 1924 was at least 10% more Charles V. Barrett , than the amount named in the permits , and that the Edward R. Litzinger, and fair cash value of the new buildings erected during William H. Weber, the period 1921 to 1924 inclusive was, on April 1, Members thereof . 1925, more than $ 990,000,000 . Gentlemen : In the face of these figures showing that the in- The Firemen's Association of the City of Chicago, a crease in value of real estate from new buildings large number of whose members are tax payers , re- alone since 1921 was over $900,000,000, yet the in- spectfully makes by its Tax Investigation Committee, crease of full assessed value of all real and personal this complaint and points out to the Board of Review property in Chicago as found by the Board of Review of Cook County and the members thereof the follow- for the year 1924 was only about $ 100,000,000 be- ing: yond the figures of 1921 or an average yearly in- For many years past the revenue derived by the crease of $25,000,000 . city from taxation has not been sufficient to defray The assessed value of real estate in the City of the necessary operating expenses of the city govern- Chicago for the year 1924 was fixed by your Board ment. at $ 1,409,065,510. We have examined the facts as to The Firemen's Association, on behalf of its mem- a large number of actual sales of real estate in the bers, has appealed to the city council each year since City of Chicago. We have considered all sales made 1915 for an increase in salary equal to the increase during a certain period and we find that the ratio of in the cost of living. Each year the merit of our full assessed value compared with the actual sales claims has been acknowledged but the increase has value is 32 % , and the actual assessed value on which been refused on the ground that a sufficient amount the tax rate is figured is one-half of that or 16 % . of money was not received from taxes which could Of the cases examined we find that property of a be used for that purpose. value of $ 15,000 or less is assessed at a much higher While we do not desire to make a detailed argu- ratio compared to its true value than property of a ment to this Board as to the justice of our demand for increased salaries we believe that the members of value above $ 15,000. In other words , while the Reve- the Board of Review would be interested in know- nue Law requires the taxing officials to fix the valu- ing a few facts as to the situation of the firemen of ation of property at its full fair cash value and pro- vides that the assessed value shall be one-half of the the City of Chicago and the reasons for this com- plaint. full value, the average actual assessed value is found In the year 1914 the Chicago Firemen received to be 16 % of the full value instead of 50 % of the full value . better wages than any other class of workers requir- A simple computation shows that the full value ing about the same intelligence and ability. Since 1914 the wages in practically all other employments of Chicago real estate is approximately $8,000,000,- have been increased from time to time so that the 000 , and the assessed value should be one-half of that, or $4,000,000,000. firemen are now the poorest paid men in the com- munity, being paid approximately 50c per hour as ASSESSING BODIES RESPONSIBLE compared to 80c per hour received by common labor In view of these facts, the responsibility for the now employed by the city. shortage of revenue is clearly upon the Board of NEED REVENUE FOR INCREASE Assessors and the Board of Review of Cook County. The cost of living in Chicago has increased from If the taxing officials would find the values even at 1914 to 1924 about 75 % . If the firemen of Chicago one-half of the true value as required by law, the are to be given a living wage for their services there City of Chicago would have sufficient revenue to must be an increase of revenue in the city treasury. enable it to pay decent salaries to all its employees . Considering the great increase of population in the Although the valuation of real estate in Chicago City of Chicago and the resulting demand for greater is fixed at less than one-third of its true assessable expenditures in order to maintain the different value, it is plain that real estate in our city bears branches of the city government it is clear, beyond altogether too great a share of the total taxes . question, that the total valuations as found by our While it is true that the real estate valuation taxing authorities , must increase in proportion as our should be increased, we urge that your Board should population increases , otherwise there must be a short- first make a great increase in the personal property age of revenue or an increase of the tax rate . valuations. We do not refer to such personal prop- From recent reports the Chicago Fire Department erty as household furniture, which involves a prob- is shown to be the most efficient in the country but lem with which we are not now concerned. the condition cannot be expected to continue very There is, however, a class of personal property in long if the men continue to receive such hopelessly the City of Chicago of great value and that is easy insufficient wages . to find. As to this particular class of personal prop Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 109 erty, it is not difficult to enforce the revenue laws . the same date its common stock sold for $ 1362 per We refer to the capital stock value of corporations . share . In order that there may be no misunderstanding as Applying the rule laid down in the case of THE to this complaint we call your attention to the law on PEOPLE vs. STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION , this subject. The Constitution of Illinois, Article IX , 191 Ill. , 528 , above referred to with reference to the Section 1 , provides : assessment of capital stock, it is clear that you should "Every person and corporation shall pay first take the fair cash value of the shares of stock a tax in proportion to the value of his , her which were on the 1st day of April as follows : or its property ." Outstanding capital stock $8,464,000 The Supreme Court of Illinois has decided in the case of the CONSOLIDATED COAL COMPANY vs. per 100 market value April 1 , 1925, $115 ... $ 9,734,645 MILLER, 236 Ill ., 149, that the capital stock of a Common stock-439,348 shares at corporation is the property of the corporation, and should be assessed . In that case the court said : $1362 59,951,002 Total market value of stock of the cor- "The capital stock of a corporation is the money contributed by the corporators to the poration on April 1 , 1925 .. 69,705,647 capital and the capital stock belongs to the Following the rule fixed by the Supreme Court you should deduct from the above amount the fair cash * * * corporation. The value of the cap- ital stock including the franchise is lawfully value of the tangible property : assessed by the local assessors and to the Plant and property ...... $ 20,793,860 Inventories 3,107,382 corporation itself." Our Supreme Court has also decided in the case of THE PEOPLE vs. NATIONAL BOX COMPANY , Total physical assets $ 23,901,242 11 248 , Ill. , page 141 , that the capital stock value of After making this deduction it appears that the net corporations should be assessed by the local asses- fair cash value of the capital stock of this company as sors. Many other decisions of our Supreme Court of April 1 , 1925 , was $45,804,405 . are to the same effect. The financial statement of this corporation, Decem- ASSESSORS' DUTY CLEAR ber 31 , 1924, also shows that the corporation paid a In view of the plain language of the court in these stock dividend of 20 % in 1923 and 35% on Decem- ber 31 , 1924 . decisions we respectfully insist that it is the clear duty of the Board of Review to assess the capital Further light on the situation of this company ap- stock values of the many corporations in Cook Coun- pears from an item in a Chicago daily paper of No- ty, the Board of Assessors having made so low an vember 12, 1925 , as follows : assessment for capital stock values in Cook County "Directors of the United States Gypsum for the present year that practically speaking, the Company today voted an extra cash divi- capital stock value has been wholly omitted from tax- dend of $ 2 a share and a stock dividend of ation. 15 per cent on the common stock in addition The rule to be followed in the matter of the assess- to the regular quarterly dividends of 2 per ment of capital stock valuations of corporations is cent on the common stock and 14 per cent laid down by our Supreme Court in the case of THE on the preferred stock. PEOPLE vs. STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION , All dividends are payable on or before 191 Ill . , 528. The language of the court we especial- December 31 to stockholders of record De- ly desire to call your attention to can be found on cember 5 . page 549 in the opinion in said cause. It is as fol- A year ago an extra dividend of 35 per lows: cent in common stock was paid . The stock " In making the assessment of the capital has a par value of $ 20 a share, making the stock of corporations , including franchises , extra cash dividend 10 per cent. " it is proper to add the market or fair cash For the year 1925 the Board of Assessors has made value of the shares of stock and the market a capital stock assessment against the United States or fair cash value of the debt of the corpora- Gypsum Company of a full value of $ 1,000, being the tion ( excluding from such debt the indebted- same as in 1924. If this assessment is not disturbed ness for current expenses ) and to deduct 1 by the Board of Review, this company will pay for from the result the aggregate amount of the the year 1925 a capital stock tax of about 8 % on one- equalized or assessed valuation of all the half of $ 1,000 or an actual tax of $40.00 . tangible property of said corporation and one-half of the remaining would be the net INJUSTICE DONE HOME OWNER assessed valuation of the capital stock, in- The injustice done to the small home owner is cluding franchises over and above the assess- illustrated by a typical case taken from hundreds as ment of its tangible property." to which we could give full data. On March 24, We respectfully insist that the above rule as laid 1924, a man and his wife purchased a house and lot down by our Supreme Court should be strictly fol- for $ 10,500. The property was assessed for 1924 by lowed by your Board. the Board of Assessors at a full value of $3,750. 0 We herewith make specific reference to the assess- This was confirmed by the Board of Review and was ment of the capital stock value of the United States about 36 % of the actual value . The assessed value Gypsum Company. This company stands in no bet- was $ 1,875 ( one- half of full value. ) On this the ter or no worse position than a large number of owners paid a tax of about 8 % , or $ 149.99 . other companies in Chicago . We refer to this partic- The United States Gypsum Company, a corpora- ular company because it represents a typical case and tion that had a capital stock value of $45,000,000, illustrates the injustice which is done to the City of over and above the value of its tangible property, Chicago , and other municipal corporations, to their (which the Supreme Court has said should be assessed employees , and to the real estate tax payers of this as above pointed out ) was assessed on a capital stock city by the failure of your Board and the Board of value of $ 1,000. The assessed value was $ 500. On Assessors to follow the law as set forth in the Reve- this its tax at 8 % was $40.00. nue Act of this State. If the Board of Assessors had assessed the United TYPICAL CORPORATION TAX - DODGING States Gypsum Company for the year 1924 at the For your information we submit the following facts same ratio the owner of the small home was assessed taken from Moody's Analysis of Investments for 1925, -36% of the full capital stock valuation-this cor- a well-known financial publication: poration would have been required to pay a tax of The United States Gypsum Company is a corpora- $648,000 instead of $40.00 which it paid. On the tion organized under the laws of the State of Illi- other hand, if the small home had been assessed on nois . The face value of the preferred stock, par 100, the same percentage of actual value as the United of this corporation issued and outstanding on April States Gypsum Company was assessed, the full value 1, 1925, was $8,464,000. It had common stock, par of the house and lot as found by the Board of Review 20, issued and outstanding, 439,348 shares . would have been about twenty- four cents instead of On April 1 , 1925, preferred stock of this corpora- tion sold on the Chicago Stock Exchange at $ 115. On $3,750, and the assessed value twelve cents . On this Page 110 Nov. 30, 1925MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN the actual taxes would have been less than one-half The capital stock value of the above ten corpora- cent . tions for the year 1925 has been fixed at less than In the year 1922 the net value of the capital stock one- fourth of 1 % of the true value. of all corporations in Cook County over and above We also demand that the following corporations, the assessed value of tangible property as found by in addition to many others , should likewise be the Board of Assessors and confirmed by the Board assessed on their capital stock values in accordance of Review was approximately, $45,000,000. In the with the legal rule above set forth : year 1924 the capital stock assessment for Cook Agar Packing & Provision Co. County was about $46,000,000 . All American Radio Bunte Bros. CORPORATIONS ESCAPE TAX Butler Bros. It must be obvious to the members of your Board Chicago Fuse Mfg. Co. that the capital stock value for Cook County is al- Consumers Company most wholly omitted from taxation. We charge that William Davies Company the capital stock values omitted by the taxing bodies Eddy Paper Corporation of Cook County from taxation amount to more than Hurley Machine Company $2,000,000,000. Interstate Iron & Steel Co. The people of Chicago are greatly interested in Kellogg Switch Board Company reducing the tax rate, with its excessive burden upon James S. Kirk & Company . the poorer people; in paying to the public employees Kraft Cheese Company such decent wages as will make possible efficient Liquid Carbonic Company service; and in increasing the bonding power of the Lindsay Light Company city, as well as carrying on other municipal activities Ludlow Typography Company such as the cleaning of our streets and alleys , proper Lyon & Healy Company lighting systems , traffic regulation , and the like. The Northwestern Yeast Company demands year by year for more service from the gov- Pullman Company erning bodies necessarily result in increasing expen- Real Sik Hosiery Mills, Inc. ditures and in the necessity for increasing wages . Ryan Car Company In considering this matter of assessment of the Swift & Company capital stock values of corporations it is important Vassar Swiss Underwear Co. that taxing officials keep in mind the decision of our The Wahl Company Supreme Court in PEOPLE vs. STUCKERT, 286 Ill. , 164, in which case the court decided that property We hereby make complaint regarding the capital must not be assessed at a greater proportion of its stock assessment of all the above companies named actual value than that fixed by the assessing Board and insist that this Board, in addition, should assess on all other property. all companies governed by the rule above set forth. This Association respectfully insists that neither Although the eleven corporations named in the first the Board of Assessors nor Board of Review should list above have a net assessable capital stock value of consider the matter of the tax rate. The duty of the over $ 265,000,000.00 we are not asking that they be assessing bodies is plainly pointed out by Statute . assessed on that valuation but we insist that they Their duty is to assess all property at its full fair should be assessed at the same ratio of their true cash value . We contend that all the real estate value as is now shown by the real estate in Chicago- should be assessed at 100 per cent of its full fair 32 % of the actual value. cash value and not at 32 per cent or 28 per cent, or TAX BURDEN ON HOMES less. In fact, all property should be assessed at its full fair cash value and if this were done the revenue In other words, if these corporations are to bear would be greatly increased and the tax rate reduced their share of taxation equally with the owners of so that instead of 8 % we would have a rate of about different pieces of real estate, large and small in Chi- 2% on one-half of the full assessed value or a flat cago, they should be assessed at 32 % of $265,000, - rate of about 1 % on a true valuation of all property . 000.00 or approximately $84,000,000.00. The bonding power of the City would be increased Your attention is called to the fact that this com- about $ 130,000,000. plaint deals with property that has been almost wholly omitted from taxation. If our demand is CAPITAL STOCK VS. REAL ESTATE granted by your Board and the capital stock value If the Board of Assessors and Board of Review of the above named corporations and others are would assess capital stock values in the same propor- assessed at the same ratio of their true value as real tion as they do real estate values in Cook County, estate, the revenue will be greatly increased but the then they would find the actual value of the capital taxes on real estate will not be increased. On the stock of Cook County at $600,000,000, which is ap- contrary, the assessment of the omitted capital stock proximately 30 % of the real value . The assessed values will lower the tax rate and thus cut down the valuation on capital stock in Cook County would then taxes of the ordinary tax payer. be $300,000,000 instead of $ 46,000,000 as it now stands . The above are all Illinois corporations . They are The following table shows the capital stock valua- all manufacturing and mercantiling corporations and tions for Cook County for the past five years as fixed under Section 1 of the General Revenue Act of this by your Board : State they should be assessed by the Board of Asses- sors . 1920 $28,846,880 The stock of each of the above named corpora- 1921 37,689,250 tions was bought and sold on the Chicago Stock Ex- 1922 45,170,116 change on April 1 , 1925. 1923 46,374,278 In addition to the corporations named there are a 1924 46,193,613 large number of other corporations organized under The situation is further illustrated by the figures the Illinois laws whose capital stock has been either taken from Moody's Analysis of Investments , 1923 wholly omitted from assessment by your Board or is issue, and from the Chicago Economist : assessed for less than 1 % of its true value. Net Capital Stock Capital Stock BOARD OF ASSESSORS RESPONSIBLE Name of Corporation Value on 4-1-25 Value as Fixed (Over and Above by Board of Under the Revenue Act it is the duty of the local Tangible) Assessors 1925 assessors to assess the capital stock value of com- United States Gypsum Co ........ .$ 45,804,405 $ 1,000 Armour & Company .... 88,054,342 500,000 panies and associations organized under the laws of Diamond Match Company 7,947,614 No assessment 44 the State of Illinois for purely manufacturing and mer- The Fair .. 8,172,180 cantile purposes or for either of such purposes, or for Gossard, H. W. Company .. 2,251,597 Hibbard, Spencer & Bartlett. 9,414,375 the mining and sale of coal, or for printing, or for Illinois Brick Company . 1,733,879 25,000 the publishing of newspapers , or for the improving B. Kuppenheimer & Company. 2,897,807 10,000 and breeding of stock (the capital stock of all other Borg & Beck ... 555,648 No assessment Albert Pick & Company. 7,255,465 44 corporations should be assessed by the State Tax Crane 91,396,820 Commission) . Upon failure of the Board of Assessors to assess capital stock value of the above enumerated Total $265,484,135 $536,000 (Continued on Page 115) SBUL MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 111 Nov. 30, 1925 ten o at lea Chicago Newspaper Carries Story On corp likevo acce Action of Firemen Recital of Events in Steps Taken by Fire Fighters Following is The Tribune story, published capital stock valuations for Cook country for the past five years as fixed by your board: $ 28,846,880 in November 25, on the complaint filed by the 1920, $37,689,250 in 1921 , $45,170,116 in 1922, firemen against the capital stock assessment $46,374,278 in 1923 and $46,193,613 in 1924." OTHER CONCERNS NAMED of 35 corporations : Regarding other companies the complaint reads : BY OSCAR HEWITT " We also demand that the following corporations, The association of city firemen and Ald. Nelson in addition to many others , should likewise be assessed (46th) filed an elaborate complaint with the board of on their capital stock values in accordance with the review yesterday against the capital stock assess- legal rule above set forth : Agar Packing and Pro- ment of thirty- five corporations . The firemen desire vision Co. , All America Radio, Bunte Brothers, But- the increased taxes so that there may be sufficient ler Brothers , Chicago Fuse Manufacturing company, funds with which to increase their salaries . Consumers company, William Davies Co., Eddy Paper The board decided to summon each of the thirty- corporation, Hurley Machine company, Interstate five corporations next Friday morning. The repre- Iron and Steel Co., Kellogg Switchboard Co., James S. sentative of the fireman was told to return at the same time. The board will listen to what each side Kirk & Co., Kraft Cheese Co., Liquid Carbonic Co., Lindsay Light Co., Ludlow Typography Co., Lyon & has to present , which forecasts action by the review- Healy Co. , Northwestern Yeast Co., Pullman Co., Real ers later . Silk Hosiery Mills, Inc., Ryan Car Co., Swift and Co., One list against which the firemen and aldermen Vassar Swiss Underwear Co., and The Wahl Co." complain is as follows : United States Gypsum com- CALLED RIDICULOUSLY LOW pany, Armour & Co., Diamond Match company, the The complainants refer to the capital stock valua- Fair, H. W. Gossard company, Hibbard, Spencer & tion of $46,000,000 for 1924 as "a ridiculously low Bartlett , Illinois Brick company, B. Kuppenheimer & figure , " and then add : Co., Borg & Beck, Albert Pick & Co., and Crane . " It appears that most of that sum was made up of CITE STOCK VALUATION capital stock assessments of Cook county corporations The complainants assert that the net capital stock that were taxed by the state tax commission ." value on April 1 , 1925, of these establishments was The intention of the firemen was disclosed by $ 265,484,135. They also represent that the board George L. Franck, president of the association . He of assessors for 1925 has fixed a capital stock value said : " Every time we appeal for an increase in sal- for Armour of $ 500,000, for the Illinois Brick of ary we are told the cupboard is bare. The school $ 25,000, for Kuppenheimer of $ 10,000 and for U. S. teachers found themselves in the same position Gypsum of $ 1,000, and has placed no assessment of twenty years ago . They made a fight to have the capital stock against each of the others . capital stock of the public utility corporations The firemen and aldermen ask that an aggregate assessed and they won, although they had to go to capital stock assessment against these eleven concerns the state Supreme court . We have taken a page be "approximately $84,000,000." from the teachers ' book. We now propose to have The significance of the move is indicated by com- all the corporations in Chicago that are assessable by parison of that figure with the following paragraph the board of review pay their share of taxes . " from the complaint: "The following table shows the -Chicago Tribune, Nov. 25, 1925. Emeritus Service Branch Suggested For Employes 70 Years Old Proposed Amendment to the Rules Referred to two Committees An amendment to the rules, recommending factory service of a probationary period of three years become permanent, subject to rules of the to the Board of Education for consideration, Board of Education concerning conduct and efficiency a proposal to retire members of the teaching and subject to removal for cause; and force when they have reached the age of WHEREAS , it is also provided in and by the laws of this State that the Board of Education shall exer- 70 years, to a branch to be known as Emeritus cise all the powers that may be requisite for the proper maintenance and fullest development of an Service, was presented by the Superintendent efficient public school system; and to the Board at its meeting, November 25 . WHEREAS , because it is generally recognized that The recommendation was referred to the at about the age of 70 there is usually a letting down Committee on Rules and to the Committee on of the vigor and mental initiative and ambition neces- sary for the fullest performance of progressive and Finance . active service, educational and other organizations Following is the amendment as presented have adopted and successfully operated a plan pla of relieving persons in their employ from the perform- by the Superintendent : ance of their regular duties and have utilized their 13165 wisdom , experience and training in other capacities ; AMENDMENT TO THE RULES and TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION : WHEREAS , superintendents, examiners , assistant Ladies and Gentlemen : superintendents , district superintendents, supervisors , I beg leave to directors , principals , teachers , etc., who have faith- RECOMMEND the following AMENDMENT TO THE fully and efficiently served as members of the teaching RULES for your consideration force for many years, have acquired knowledge and EMERITUS SERVICE experience that is of continuing value to the school WHEREAS, the laws of this State provide that the system, now, therefore appointment of all teachers and principals after satis- (Continued on Page 117) Page 112 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Nov. 30, 1925 To Write is Passè ; To Print's The Thing, According to Superintendent Communications Show Children Required to Letter Work Below are two photographic reproductions of communications responsible for printing instead of writing of signatures adopted in the Chicago schools at the direction of the superintendent : TO HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS A copy of the following bulletin prescribing the use of the Roman Capital Alphabet on headings, etc., is to be given each teacher to be placed at the front of her class room or on the room bulletin board . All high school pupils are to be required to use this form as indicated below, in all high school work . WILLIAM J. BOGAN Assistant Superintendent of Schools . November 2 , 1925 Page 163 Supt's Bulletin Dec. 3 , 1924 HAND LETTERING, ROMAN CAPITAL ALPHABET May I suggest that, beginning with such grade of class as in your opinion is advisable, all children be taught the simple skeleton alphabet in this style? ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890 USES . Print in this style-- Titles of essays on all written work. Name and class on all written work . Ditto for blackboard headings . Lettering of maps, drawings, and diagrams. This will secure a daily practice in the use of this valuable addition to your children's accomplishments . The lettering of folios, the backs of thin documents, etc., by your children when they have obtained employment in offices, etc., makes them more efficient and valuable to their employer. If the use of this alphabet in the situations men- tioned is insisted upon by you in your school with the usual encouragement to good form and clearness, and to a reasonable speed, you will have reason, I believe, to be highly satisfied with the effort. Some schools have been doing this for some time, and consider it a real advantage . WM. McANDREW ov. 30 Nov. 30 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 113 Th Ha ! Ha ! Says Big Business , As It ent Rejects Printed Signature Telephone Company Returns Teacher's Card for Written Name princ With what amusement business is laugh- graphic reproduction of a letter sent to a of ing up its sleeve at the dictum of Chicago's Chicago teacher who had put the Superin- Superintendent of Schools in requiring of tendent's theory into practice and " printed" children printed instead of written signa- her name on a service application card of the tures, is illustrated in the following photo- Illinois Bell Telephone Company : e Form 2112-1 -C ILLINOIS BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY 1 COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT- CHICAGO DIVISION 212 WEST WASHINGTON STREET CHICAGO, November 4 , 1925 IF NECESSARY TO MAKE FURTHER INQUIRY PLEASE CALL OFFICIAL 9100 Dear Madam : The Service Application Card recently received from you covering telephone service at the above address has been signed in printed form , and as we cannot accept signatures of this kind , we enclose a new card , which please sign in longhand on the line marked "Applicant " return- ing to us in the enclosed envelope . Yours truly , DJ. J. Long . Commercial Manager . P: IR h. C Johnnie Chicago Prints His Mark How Johnnie Chicago will make his mark to be that if the student can not write his name, he may be taught to print it. in the future, by virtue of the printed signa- Superintendent McAndrew, sartorial censor, who ture method advocated by the Superinten- had a nightmare scheme for putting the teachers in uniform, has caused to be sent to the high school dent of Schools, is suggested by the Chicago principals a circular letter asking that all high school Journal in an editorial printed November 23, pupils be taught a skeleton alphabet ( sample en- closed) and that they be required to use "this style" 1925 . for all " titles of essays on all written work," "name and class on all written work," "ditto for blackboard The editorial followed the sending of let- headings, " and "lettering of maps, drawings and dia- ters by the Superintendent to principals urg- grams ." When and where, if ever, will the high school stu- ing that printing instead of script be used dent, as such , be permitted to acquire an individual in titles of papers , signatures, etc. chirography or characteristic signature ? What bank Following is the editorial : would cash his check with the signature "printed in this style ?" How does this make the boy or girl " more efficient and valuable to their employers," as JOHNNIE CHICAGO ( X) HIS MARK the circular letter states ? Good penmanship, important to anyone who ex- Perhaps the young men and young women in the pects to stay awhile in this world and participate in high schools like the idea of being given kindergarten its affairs even in the slightest degree , does not much work, but they would better improve their time in cultivating a legible " fist" than in learning to print interest the officials responsible for the education of the McAndrew alphabet . the boys and girls of Chicago. The idea would seem Editorial Chicago Journal , November 23, 1925. Page 114 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Nov. 30, 1925 Milwaukee Teacher Points Out Disadvantages of Platoon School Teacher Turnover Large In Rotary Plan , Educator Says The failure of the rotary or platoon school Gives Both Sides plan in Milwaukee is outlined in the following " In this report Mr. Boyce advances the following proofs of the success of his school : article from The Milwaukee Journal of Oc- "An emphatic statement of the not unbiased opin- tober 8, 1925 , in which Miss Ethel M. Gard- ion of the principal of the school; 10 statements of children who like it; the statement that not all par- ner, president of the Milwaukee Teachers ' ents like it; the statement that Cass Street school Association declares that the system is poor teachers are enthusiastic about it; 12 polite remarks made by visitors . economy : " If the statements of children to the effect that The rotary plan of school administration, also known they like or dislike a system are of any value in the as the platoon plan, on trial in the Cass Street school evaluation of an experiment, it is possible to quote for more than a year, was attacked by Miss Ethel M. just as many opinions on the other side. For in- Gardner, president of the Milwaukee Teachers ' asso- stance , children say they don't like it because : ciation, speaking Wednesday night before the Pro- "They don't like changing from room to room; gressive Women's league, at 423 East Water St. they don't like changing from teacher to teacher ; each The plan, Miss Gardner said, makes two children teacher gives too much home work; they have no sit where one sat before," and is merely an admin- time to study in school; confusion and noise in halls istrative device for making a school building accom- cause headaches ; ' you go around from one teacher to modate twice as many children as it was built to ac- another and they all pick on you .' commodate. Its success, she said, depends upon "parking" some of the children on the playgrounds Teacher Turnover Large all day long, and in inclement weather " one finds congestion undreamed of under traditional condi- " The teacher turnover in the Cass Street school itons," she declared. has been remarkably large since the plan was adopted. I have a statement from Mrs. Mossman of Teachers' Great Need for Schools The reason for adopting the plan, Miss Gardner college, Columbia, in whose company I visited Cass Street school, to the effect that the losses are greater said , is the great need for more school buildings in all than the gains . The report of the committee ap- parts of the country. Statisticians estimating school pointed by the Milwaukee Civic council was not favor- building programs for years ahead find that much able . money might be saved by the platoon plan, she said . "These theoretical conclusions sound good to timid " It is significant that in our neighbor city, West taxpayers , who , according to reports, spend twice as Allis , where the platoon plan has been in operation much for ice cream and three times as much for soft- for four years in the Lincoln school and one or two drinks as would be required to erect buildings for the years in the Washington school, it has been discon- proper housing of school children," said Miss Gard- tinued by action of the school board because they ner . She declared that these estimates are mere have found those schools can be operated more eco- "guesses . " nomically on the regular plan." "By camouflaging the platoon plan under the more The league adopted a resolution supporting the re- recently coined expression of rotary plan, it was gents of the University of Wisconsin in refusing gifts slipped into the Cass Street school as an experiment of money from the Rockefeller foundation or similar for one year only," continued Miss Gardner. " At the sources . Members expressed the opinion that the uni- end of nine months Mr. Boyce ( the principal) made versity would be under too great an obligation if a report to the school board purporting to be an gifts were accepted. evaluation of the rotary plan in his school . -The Milwaukee Journal, October 8, 1925. Gary Schools Are Scenes of Colds and Coughs Physician Tells of Absence Caused by Disease Gary schools, said to be models of the pla- 36 per cent of all illness and 35 per cent of the total number of days lost from all illness . toon plan , have also proved to be hotbeds for The school TEACHERS fared even worse . In the choryza and similar ailments, according to Gary schools the teachers lost 625 days from school because of colds, sore throats, and coughs. This an article appearing under the head of "How group of troubles caused two-fifths of all the cases of to Keep Well, " in the Tribune of November illness and two-fifths of all the time lost. Colds are a serious matter in Gary-as they are 8, 1925. everywhere else. If putting the windows down The column in which the article appeared , causes the sickness rate from colds to mount so, why not leave them up ? We might leave them up in the is edited by Dr. W. A. Evans. An extract middle of the day, anyhow. We might leave them follows : open for, say, five or ten minutes out of every hour. Some simple scheme ought to work. It is worth while Dr. Nesbit tells us that in the public schools in Gary doing something to escape this first autumn wave of last session, 10,364 pupils lost 23,272 days from colds . school because of colds. The total number of pupils -From How to Keep Well Column, Chicago Tribune, Nov. 8, was 14,279 . Colds , sore throats , and coughs caused 1925. Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 115 FIREMEN EMULATING TEACHERS (Continued from Page 110) classes of corporations , it becomes the duty of the Board of Review to make such assessment. The great central ol those Referring to the assessment of capital stock of corporations coming within the jurisdiction of the Board of Review, we offer the following sugges- meeting place before tions with a view of expediting the work: 1. As to the capital stock values of Illinois corpo- rations whose stock has been and is on the market, a and after the matinee half dozen efficient clerks can take Moody's Analysis of Investments and the Chicago Economist and figure out quite accurately the capital stock values of all Most of the things of life really worth such corporations in one week's time. while are within reach of average pros- 2. As to all corporations whose stock is not on atem the market, the problem of finding the capital stock perity. If one make the necessary dis- value is not so simple. As to such corporations hav- nota ing no market value, the Board of Review should find tinction between things that are cheap, re the fair cash value of the capital stock. The report ite of Mrs. Mabel G. Reinecke, Collector of Internal merely, and things that are not costly Revenue for the Chicago District, contains a list of he may, without much wealth, possess efec all corporations , giving their capital stock value as ‫بول‬ found by the Government. This list has been pub- a full share of the material things that lished, and we suggest that your Board take the valu- h ations as made by the Government, and make deduc- make substantial contribution to enjoy- tions to cover the value of physical property. ment of life . ta LAW IS PERFECTLY CLEAR he The corporations affected can easily be notified to appear before your Board and submit a financial statement showing the value of their physical prop- ad erty. If they submit such a statement and it appears that the value of the physical property exceeds that of the capital stock, of course there should be no capi- tal stock assessment . If they refuse to submit such HENRICI'S a statement, then the Board can from its best sources WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT E of information estimate the value of the physical property and deduct that value from the capital stock 67 W. Randolph St. value . We trust that your Board will not consider that it Between Dearborn and Clark Streets P te is any proper answer to this complaint int for you to say that there is a large number of corporations in Chi- cago that have no capital stock value. This is con- ceded. As to those corporations , of course, your 1 Board should make no capital stock assessment. this company in 1924 was $ 24,000, the corporation An examination of the records discloses the curious was assessed on a capital stock value of about 24% of its true value . fact that the Board of Assessors of Cook County for many years has placed large capital stock assessments Why should the capital stock value of The Michigan 1 against a great many small and inconsequential cor- Theatre Company be placed by the State Tax Com- t porations , that had, as a matter of fact little or no mission at 24 % of its true worth, while the United capital stock valuation, while at the same time, as States Gypsum Company with an actual and certain above pointed out, hundreds of other prosperous cor- net assessable capital stock value of $45,000,000 is assessed on a capital stock valuation of less than porations who had a very large capital stock valua- tion were assessed at a very low figure for their cap- 1/400 of 1 % ? ital stock value or no assessment what ever was made In view of the foregoing facts we respectfully in- against them for capital stock. quire as to what effort the Board of Assessors and While, as above stated, the total capital stock the Board of Review of Cook County is making to assessment for the whole of Cook County, as made carry out the constitutional mandate as to the uni- formity of taxation . In this connection we refer by all taxing bodies, was put at the ridiculously low again to the decision of the Supreme Court in the figure of $46,000,000 for the year 1924, it appears case of the PEOPLE vs. STUCKERT, 266 III., 164. that most of that sum was made up of capital stock In that case the court said : assessments of Cook County corporations that were taxed by the State Tax Commission . "The constitution requires that such rev- In other words , there is a large number of cor- enue as may be needful shall be provided by porations in Cook County that do not come within the the levy of a tax by valuation, so that every jurisdiction of the Board of Assessors , and many of person and corporation shall pay a tax in these had a capital stock assessment placed against proportion to the value of his, her or its * * * * * * * them by the State Tax Commission at from 15 % to property the great cen- 25 % of the true capital stock value. To illustrate : tral and dominant idea of the constitution is uniformity of taxation, and no power ex- SMALL CORPORATIONS HIT ists or should exist in any corporate author- The Michigan Theatre Corporation, 25 East Jack- ity to go counter to this command of the son Boulevard, has a total capital stock issue of $60,- fundamental law . Therefore , one person 000. Under the Revenue Law the assessed capital cannot be compelled to pay a greater pro- stock value can be lawfully made only by the State portion of taxes , according to the value of Tax Commission. In the year 1924 the State Tax his property, than another, and where asses- Commission assessed the capital stock value of this sors have disregarded the injunction of the corporation at $24,000. The report of Mable G. law and made an assessment of property far Reinecke, Internal Revenue Collector of the Chicago below its real cash value, their misconduct District, shows that the capital stock value of this muct also follow the principle of uniformity corporation as of January 1 , 1925, was $ 161,000. and their assessments of all persons must For State taxing purposes the corporation is entitled be at the same proportional value." to a deduction of the value of its physical property. If we estimate that the physical property of the Mich- SCHOOLS WILL BENEFIT igan Theatre Company is of a value of $61,000, then While this complaint is made by the Firemen's the net actual value of the capital stock was $ 100, - Association in an effort to increase the revenue of the 000. As the capital stock assessment made against City of Chicago, it is manifest that any relief granted Page 116 Nov. 30, 1925MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN to us will be beneficial to all other municipal em- ployees who are underpaid, as well as carrying on other municipal activities such as the cleaning of our THE IDLE HOUR streets and alleys , proper lighting system, traffic reg- ulation, and the like. It is equally clear that while the complaint appeals for such action by your Board as will result in an " The best of all ways to lengthen our increase of revenue for the City of Chicago, it is also days clear that any relief granted on this complaint will result beneficially to the Schools , Cook County, the Is to steal a few hours from the night, Sanitary District, Forest Preserve and other taxing bodies. my dear ." In other words , the capital stock values of corpora- -From an old Irish Song . tions are practically wholly omitted from taxation. If the Board of Review will do its plain duty and porations inthe assess the capital stock value of corporations same proportion as real estate is assessed in this Worth while places to spend leisure time city, every taxing body will receive an increase in will be suggested from week to week in this revenue. FIREMEN'S ASSOCIATION OF CHICAGO, column. Only such programs as are recom- (Signed ) GEO. L. FRANCK, President. mended by teachers will be outlined. Teach- ers are asked to make suggestions on attrac- 912 tions they have seen which they think would StevensBldg. be of interest to other teachers . HARADCLIFFE BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes Chicago Civic Opera Company-The Sat- Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP . intheCity urday afternoon or the evening spent at the to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,23½to opera is not spent in vain. For pageantry, 12;Widths, Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE "Stylish Stout Outsides" poetry, music and ballet, the opera offers the best from a long list of artists. The opera is one of the big educational things Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. of the winter program. on hand Remodeling and Repairing New Coats Made to Order "Charm"-For a play which will send you 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph away with a laugh, see "Charm ." It has Central 6049 Established 1897 neither sprightly lines nor outstanding stars in its cast, but its characters are happily chosen. It is a cross-section view of the Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents people who enter our daily lives the ones Permanent Wave $ 10.00 Friday & Sat. 75 cents who make us smile in retrospection. Modern We Beauty Shoppe's Experienced Guarantee Our Work Loop West Side Music lovers who have felt cheated since Suite 610 Capitol Bldg. 1636 W. Van Buren St. 159 N. State St. Phone West 3427 Amelita Galli Curci has not been singing in Phone Dearborn 0317 Open evenings Tuesday Open Evenings, Mon. , Tues. , Fri. Thur. , Fri. and Sat. opera, will have a good opportunity to say, " I told you so," December 13 when the prima donna soprano will be heard in a re- Parker Other Makes, $2.50 Up cital at Orchestra Hall. The program will We also REPAIR all makes of begin at 3:30 o'clock. Duofold Fountain Pens and Pencils "The Student Prince"-For those who love $5-$7 Sibley's FOUNTAIN PEN SHOP picturesqueness, tuneful melodies, a fine male chorus and a pretty little romance, " The Phone Dearborn 5752 '31 N. Dearborn Street Student Prince," whose long run in Chicago speaks for itself, is to be recommended. TR YO Our ShoesOAre UBLGreat Pain "What Price Glory"-Many teachers who STO P UR FOOTRelievers . InEstock S or Made to Order. have seen this drama of the war report A. DISCOUNT that it is well worth seeing. SLATIN 10% to Teachers Shoe Specialist. John McCormack, than whom there is 4810 N. Kimball Ave. At Lawrence. Keystone 9595 none more melodious, in the minds of many people, will give his last Chicago concert for a year Sunday night, December 6, at REAL HOME FOR TEACHERS BUILT BY TEACHER . the Auditorium . Furn. 1 rm . apts. $ 40.00 mo . Cosy. Every conv. 1614 E. 83rd pl. Tel. Saginaw 1896 . (Continued on next Page) ---- TS Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 117 EMERITUS SERVICE BRANCH (Continued from Page 111) There IS a Reason UR BE IT RESOLVED that the rules of the Board of Why Socket Fit Shoes fit and satisfy. Education of the City of Chicago, be, and the same They are the only shoes with a are, hereby amended by adding a new article to be moulded arch that fits known as Article 7A, Chapter IV, and to read as the contour of the follows: foot. Com- fort In Ev- Section 1. There is hereby created a branch of the educational service of the Board of Education ery Step he because which shall be known as Emeritus Service to which all members of the teaching force including teachers , they fit the the foot in principals, supervisors, directors, district superinten- its normal condition. dents, assistant superintendents, superintendents, ex- = aminers, except as hereinafter provided, shall be as- D. C. LOCKE'S signed when they shall have respectively reached the age of 70 years . Hereafter no member of the teach- ing force shall be continued in classroom or supervis- In the SOCKET FIT Formerly ing duties who shall be more than seventy years of the age. Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Superinten- Lobby SHOE STORE College ed Boot dent of Schools on the first day of January and the Shops first day of July in each year or as soon thereafter as Bldg. 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE ILLINOIS Shop possible, to report to the Board of Education in CHICAGO. writing the names of all persons of the teaching force who have or will have attained the age of 70 years on the first day of February or August next ensuing and Exclustoe...butnotExpensive A Discount of he shall recommend (unless he is of the opinion that charges shall be preferred against such persons in accordance with the Statute and Rules in such cases made and provided) that such persons shall be re- tired from regular classroom or supervisory service MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor and shall be assigned to the class of service known Between Madison and Washingten as Emeritus Service and be subject to the call of the Superintendent of Schools or the Board of Educa- tion for consultation, advice and such other service Closing Out Uncalled For as may from time to time be required. Section 3. Each person so transferred to Emeritus FUR COATS Service shall be paid annually during the continuance THIS TIME OF THE of such service a sum equal to one-half of the average YEAR we close out all annual salary received by such person during the uncalled for Fur Coats- ten years preceding his transfer to Emeritus Service, You pay only the balance but no person so transferred shall receive annually due by the original pur- less than fifteen hundred dollars ($1,500) nor more chaser. Those who "act than twenty-five hundred dollars ($2,500 ) . quickly" can secure some REASONS : Provisions for old age retirement of of the greatest values ever teachers are now in force in New York City, Phila- offered. Remember, all delphia, Boston, and other cities, and in the States of you pay is BALANCE New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts and other DUE . Every Coat bears states. Many railroads and industrial concerns have the guarantee of satis- similar rules governing the service of their employees . faction. This proposed action is in line with the general trend throughout the country. Choice at WM. McANDREW, Superintendent of Schools . $ 125.00 Chicago, November 25, 1925. French Seal Mink-Marmot I n The Chicago Forum Council announces an Northern Muskrat Caracul address, " The World Court-A Reply to Sen- Northern Seal ator Borah," by William E. Sweet of Denver, Baltic Seal Man-Coon 65 Other Uncalled for Fur Coats for December 6 ; an address, " Our Crime from $100 to $250 Balance Problem," by Louis Victor Eytinge of New MURRAY- BLACK CO . York for December 13 and a talk, " The 21 N. Wabash Ave. Awakening In China," by Harry F. Ward of Between Madison and Washington New York, for December 20. The Forum meets every Sunday afternoon at 3 o'clock Now Is the Time to Select Your at the Apollo Theater. Fur Coat Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at The Menace of Pedagogy ! STAEDTER'S A high school civics class was asked to 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. write the three menaces to democracy. One boy wrote, as the three menaces, "the tyrant, HAIR TINTING the pedagog and indifference." By LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) "The second danger is the pedagogue,” he Not an ordinary process-but a proven continued. "A pedagogue is a unscrupulous method , backed by years of success. Special Club Rates For Teachers leader working for his own selfish gain and LOIS STUDIOS Call State 5089 not caring for the good of the country." Room 808 . 14 W. Washington St. Page 118 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Nov. 30, 1925 VICTOR OLANDER Stylish yes ! but with real comfort ( Continued from Page 103 ) Our Arnold Glove-Grip What Is Significance ? Shoes combine voguish What is the significance of that ? style an dsmart good The words looks with the most mar- " superior" and " inferior" or "lower" appear in the report . What is the significance ? velous comfort your feet It isn't so much that they have divided the children ever felt. into two groups and found some inferior to the others, Glove-Grips support the though I think the use of that word is unfortunate arch and fit like a glove -but it is this philosophy that runs through it-that from the start. And they household work is fit only for those of inferior or wear well . Come in and lower intelligence and therefore the brand of infer- let us show you our com- iority is placed upon the wives and mothers of our plete line. The country who do the household work. PASADENA And then they say, too, the inferior are $10 $11 $12 fit only for the trades and occupations such as we are engaged ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP in. Shall we sit still while they place that kind of Room 2066 N. Michigan Ave. brand upon those who have raised our children, and Chicago, Ill. let them send the boys and girls back into the home with a sneer on their lips for their fathers and mothers ? It is more than a question of technical edu- cation. The whole philosophy of our American life is WOULD YOU at stake, and I say to you that not many months will go over your heads, if you allow this to go on, be Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? fore you will find that the teaching of the Declaration If so, write for information. of Independence will be prohibited in some of schools , because they cannot teach that great truthour of JULIA C. BRANNAN equality in the theory of American life and inject this Hayes Hotel poison at the same time. Chicago, Ill . The " Platoon" System Announces thefollowing So much for the "junior high. " I shall not take BERTHA OTT CONCERT AND RECITALS up your time further with the "platoon" system ex- under her management during December cept to bring to your attention one point. I think Ernest Hutcheson, pianist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday every delegate here knows that all over the world afternoon, December 6th, at 3:30 . Seats, $ 2.20, $ 1.65 , $ 1.10 , educators have insisted that in order to get the best tax included. At box office now. educational results there must be close personal con- Flonzaley Quartet, second of a series of three chamber music tact between the teachers and the pupils . As a re- concerts, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, December 6th . Seats , $ 1.10, $ 1.65 , $ 2.20 , tax included. At box office now. sult of that we have insisted in our past conventions RETURN ENGAGEMENT that the public school class of forty to fifty- five pu- Amelita Galli Curci, prima donna soprano, recital. Orchestra pils is too large for the best educational result s, for suffici Hall, Sunday afternoon, December 13, at 3:30 . Seats , $ 1.10, the reason that the teacher cannot give ent $ 2.20 , $ 2.75 , $ 3.30, tax included. Mail orders now with remit- attention to the individual child. Under the “ platoon” tance and stamped self-addressed envelope to office , Bertha Ott, system the "home room " teacher has charge of from Inc. , 1520 Blum Bldg ., 624 South Michigan Avenue. Tickets on sale at box office, Orchestra Hall, on and after December 3rd . 80 to 90 children and the special teachers having one- Grace Leslie, contralto, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday half hour periods handle from 400 to 500 different afternoon, December 13th, at 3:30. Seats 83c, $1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20, children each day. What shall we say of a system tax included. Mail orders now. that at the minimum doubles the number of children Ossip Gabrilowitsch , third of a series of six historical recitals with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, for the home room teacher and multiplies the number December 13th, at 3:30 . Seats $1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20, tax included. many times for the teacher in the special rooms ? Mail orders now. That one point is sufficient to condemn the plan . Tickets can be secured by addressing If you go back to look up the descriptions of the BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave. Gary system, before they began to hide some of its purposes, you will find them telling you they marched the children to the halls as the classes changed in the TEACHING A PLEASURE special rooms by the open doors of the shop courses When You Wear Our in order to attract their attention to that kind of PHYSICAL CULTURE work. And let me say that in the fifteen years they Combination Last Shoes, That Have Style Plus Comfort have been advertising it they have thus far, may it We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required be said to the credit of school boards all over the Service That Pleases United States , succeeded in inducing only sixty- six BRUNS BOOTERY school boards even to temporarily accept the plan . 6 N. Michigan Blvd., Third Floor Most of the school boards have said no, because there isn't an educator in the United States who has earned the title of a progressive in his profession who has been willing to give his O. K. to that system . FUR COATS Charge Accounts of From speech by Victor A. Olander, before convention of Ameri- Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Teachers Solicited can Federation of Labor, Atlantic City, N. J., October 16, 1925 . Repairing and Remodeling 25 Years' Experience Designing to Individual Taste MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN LEVEY & CO . Republic Bldg . 209 S. State St. MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten GO THE months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. WENZEL WAY THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 Cents. For Superior Instruction in LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE one. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER the order of WRITE OR CALL CHICAGO MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American Room 306 , 177 No. State St. Phone State 1887 Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 Nov. 30, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN . Page 119 ) The INTRODUCING ! Always 2,000 Seats at Less Than Dear 1 Theatre Prices hedi To the School Teachers of Chicago the Goodrich Dressmaking Service Chicago Civic Opera infen We design, cut and fit any garment from your own AUDITORIUM THEATRE material and make ready for you to finish. Also en partial and complete finishing services. e Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone Special Features Saturday, December 5, at 8 P. M. THE GOODRICH SHOP " MARTHA" thes 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 At Popular Prices-75c to $3.00 10 21 ‫ל‬ Sunday, December 6, at 2 P. M. 1 "YOU GET PERSONAL CARE First Non-subscription Performance of WHEN WE WAVE YOUR HAIR. " 1 "DER ROSENKAVALIER" Distinctive Permanent Waving Seats for one and all ( at every price ) obtainable for the first time . Advance Repertoire That leaves the hair soft and glossy with large, loose wave- Monday Evening, Dec. 7, at 8:00 no breakage, $10.00 "Boris Godunoff ," with Van Gordon, Baklanoff, Cortis, Lazzari, Cotreuil . Teachers guaranteed satisfaction Conductor, Polacco . Tuesday Evening, Dec. 8, at 8:00 "Lucia di Lammermoor,” with POWERS and ERICKSON Schipa , Bonelli, Lazzari , Mojica. Con- Harrison 8758 220 S. State St. ductor, St. Leger. Wednesday Evening, Dec. 9, at 8:00 "La Traviata," with Muzio, Cortis , Bonelli ; Oukrainsky, Shermont, Sam- uels and Ballet. Conductor, Moranzoni . JESSO -CRAFT Thursday Evening, Dec. 10, at 8:00 "Madame Butterfly," with Raisa, Pavloska, Hackett, Rimini. Conduc- tor, Polacco . The new art that enables Friday Evening, Dec. 11 , at 8:00 you to beautify your home "Namiko- San," with Miura, Ritch and Bonelli, followed by “ Cavalleria yourself at very little ex- Rusticana,” with Muzio, Lamont, pense. Very easy to learn Defrere . Conductor, Weber. and the result is pleasing. Saturday Matinee, Dec. 12, at 2:00 " Falstaff ," with Raisa, Mason, Pav- Free lessons by special loska, Hackett, Rimini , Steel ; Conduc- teacher. tor, Polacco . Saturday Evening, Dec. 12, at 8:00 "Aida," with Muzio, Lenska, Ans- seau, Formichi. Conductor, Weber. Sunday Matinee, Dec. 13 , at 2:15 Favor, Ruhl & Company " Die Walkuere," with Forrai, Van Gordon, Lenska, Lamont, Kipnis, Cot- reuil . Conductor, Polacco. ARTISTS' MATERIAL PICTURE FRAMING Solve your Christmas problem by giving 425 So. Wabash Ave. Civic Opera Xmas Coupons Chicago, Illinois For Information Call at Auditorium Box Office Page 120 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Νον. 30, 1925 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL PRIVATE INSTRUCTION You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their preparation for positions , either commercial or teaching . Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, Beginning and Advanced and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters . Also coaching in high school review work, kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave. , Chicago, Ill. Telephones Wabash 3732 , Нагг . 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. mloss Collegiate Tours Via THE UNIVERSITY Canadian Pacific To Europe OF CHICAGO Weekly Sailings from Montreal Montclare Every Friday Offers through Its Downtown College Montroyal May 28 to July 23, 1926 Montrose LATE AFTERNOON , Montcalm 36 Days -- $ 350 EVENING AND Personally conducted, capably chaperoned tours by steamship, rail and motor- Liverpool-the beauty and historical (Only 4 days spots of England, Holland, Belgium and SATURDAY CLASSES on open sea.) France-with an opportunity to visit Ire- land, Scotland, Switzerland and Germany, Interpretation of Social Institutions in a Demo- if desired. Thirty - six days seeing warm, colorful , cracy by Professor Leon C. Marshall, New tranquil, fascinating sections of historical Testament Literature by Professor Edgar interest. Europe with its art treasures , Goodspeed, and over one hundred other courses traditions , gaiety and night life. of interest to teachers. The shortest route-four days open sea with an opportunity to see Toronto , Nia- gara Falls , Montreal-Days of dancing , All Courses Credited toward playing, travel luxury-or restful relaxa- tion. Canadian Pacific service and cuisine en voyage . University Degrees To the Orient $ 500 Two-hour Sessions Once or Twice a Week Sailing from Vancouver July 8, 1926 The Winter Quarter begins Monday, Know the Orient-the land of Flowers, January 4, 1926 Romance and Mystery . Narrow crooked streets , quaint costumes and customs- Registration Period , December 15 to 31, 1925 Japan, China and the Philippines-A glorious sea voyage on one of the Em- presses of the Canadian Pacific. Reservations may be made on Address all correspondence to : application to the Arts Craft Guild, 500 N. Dearborn St. , or Dean , University College R. S. Elworthy , Steamship Gen. Agt., 71 E. Chicago. Jackson Blvd. , The University of Chicago Phone Midway 0800, Local 239 Box 10X CANADIAN PACIFIC Between Xmas and New Year-when you have plenty of " Shopping Time " -ZUGSCHWERT will be pleased to serve you . Individual Slip-Around New Side- Front Closing Corsets $14 Christmas The newest type of slip-around is this clever side- closing model designed to prevent bulging. It is made of fine silk brocade and surgical elastic . Brassieres and Lingerie Greeting Cards At a trifle above the costofordinary Printing The most favored styles in brassieres and a complete assortment of Munsing Wear and Kickernick bloomers . PROCESS ENGRAVING COMPANY ZUGSCHWERT ROOM 1700 ~ REPUBLIC BUILDING CORSETS and BRASSIERES Stevens Bldg., 10th Floor 17 N. State Street U. S. POSTAGE 112c. PAID Da 21 '25R SterieJdaenn 7 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 000 eid VOL . No. III MargaretHaley's 7 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 December 16, 1925 4 If Christ Should Come Today By The Rev. Charles Stelzle ONG years ago the angels' wondrous glory song L Was heard by humble shepherds , Who watched their flocks by night. None heard that song in palace, temple, court or mart : The ears of all within were deaf . The Christ came first to those whose aching hearts Cried out : " How long " the common folk— Who heard Him and were glad. He healed the sick, the lepers cleansed ; He gave the blind their sight . To those Who needed life, He gave His own . He came in largest measure to the men Whose hearts beat to His heart most true . If Christ should come to earth today , Would He go first to temple and to mart, To palace and to court ? Or, would He seek the cottage and the slum ; Seek those who still cry out : “ How long ? " Seek those whose waiting hearts still beat with His, And long for Him who made the angels sing Of "Peace on earth, good will to men " ? 00 Page 122 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 32 32 Promotional Credits at the South South State Street FRIEND &SON State Street Chicago Musical 10% Off To School Teachers Nowhere else can teachers find . such beautiful styles at such College HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President ridiculously low prices than at H. Friend & Son Now. Our December Clearance offers tre- A Conservatory Pledged to mendous values. the Highest Artistic Standards DRESSES $1675 Never before have we shown Fall Term Now Open such exquisite creations at so Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago low a price. There are dresses Public School Teachers, leading to Promotional Credits here for every type and for all in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of occasions . Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear 300 Luxurious Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orches- FUR COATS ious $9500 tral Instruments. Tuition - Private Lessons - Piano Our great December Clearance $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $1.50 to is in full swing and we have $15.00 per lesson. reduced prices far below cost. If you want a wonderful coat Students completing 40 private lesson period» at a big saving attend this sale. earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1½ credit 275 Lovely Fur Trimmed Complete Catalog on Request, 60th Year COATS Gorgeously fur $2975 CARL D. KINSEY , Manager 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET trimmed with quality furs. All finest fabrics and shades . (CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE BUILDING) What Are You Going to Do This Winter ? What are you going to do for amuse- very materially increase the burden ment ? You probably haven't thought on your eyes . very much about this, but the things you have been doing this Summer and In the process of changing our habits and habiliment to meet the seasonable Fall will not fit into your Winter pro- requirements, we too frequently over- gram . look the importance of having our eyes properly cared for. In all probability the major part of your time this Winter will be under In order to help you in this respect let artificial illumination. You will prob- us send you, of course without charge , our booklet, " Why Do Your Eyes Get ably get less healthful sunshine and Tired ? " We specialize and limit our service to filling Oculists' prescriptions for Glasses of Quality UHLEMANN OPTICAL COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1907 Stroh Bldg . , Home Office Mallers Bldg . Detroit , Mich. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. 6 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 7 December 16, 1925 Page 123 Intelligence Tests Akin to Hindu Caste System, Says Olander Σ Chicago Speaker Tells Labor Convention of Dangers The relationship between the system of That sort of report was sent broadcast out over the city of Chicago and we were asked seriously to accept intelligence tests and the caste system of the it. They said similar results had been found through old world, was discussed by Victor Olander the army tests , although it is now well known that the in his talk on education before the convention army tests did not give intelligence levels but educa- tional or informational levels . What is the philosophy of the American Federation of Labor, Octo- that runs through all this ? Is it strange to you ? It is the philosophy of the Hindu caste system which asserts ber 16, 1925, in Atlantic City . that every man is put into his occupation by a law of Following is printed the last installment nature, a law of God. That is the arrangement of the caste system in India-the teamsters in the teamsters' of Mr. Olander's speech which has run in caste, the miners in the miners' caste, the sailors in the last two issues of The Bulletin : the sailors ' caste and so on up to the priesthood itself, and that is brought over to America under the guise Now as to " intelligence tests," in one city that has of an alleged psychology and inflicted upon our school used those alleged tests in the elementary school for children . And those alleged scientists who are run- some period of time, the report shows that there were ning wild over the United States now say to one an- 40 per cent of errors ; that in 40 per cent of the cases other in their publications , with fiendish glee, that the the " intelligence test” had resulted in a wrong con- public school system is a wonderful laboratory because clusion, that in 40 per cent of the cases the children of the compulsory attendance law ! And then they were admittedly branded wrongly. Now, you all come forward with such statements as I am about to know the power of suggestion upon yourselves , and read to you, if I may. This will show that I am not surely you know what it would be on children. A drawing upon my own imagination when I speak of small child is told that he is rated X or Y or Z. The injecting the caste system into the life of our public child rated highest naturally throws out his chest, schools . raises his head and looks with scorn on the baby that is rated Z. Later when it is found a mistake has been Dr. G. B. Cutten , president, Colgate University, made, the proud little head droops with shame and Hamilton, N. Y., in an inaugural address a few years humiliation when he is labelled with a degrading “Z." ago , said : Let me now tell about the report of the Research " It may be interesting to speculate concerning the Division of the Chicago Board of Education applying effect of mental tests upon the problem of democracy. the " intelligence test" to pupils in the Chicago high If the present hopes and expectations are realized schools . They discovered, so they say, that the chil- they will result in a caste system as rigid as that of dren who were taking the two-year vocational courses India, but on a rational and just basis. We are now were the lowest in intelligence, that those who were examining children in the public schools and find all taking the four-year courses were higher in intelli- ranges of intelligence from imbecility to genius . We gence, that those who were taking the four- year tech- are told that the intelligence quotient of a child rarely nical course leading to colleges were in a still higher changes, so that we are enabled to tell early in life class and that those who were taking the four -year what the limit of intelligence of any person will be, academic courses leading to universities were the and in a general way to what class of vocation he is highest. best fitted, and, to a certain extent, destined. " It is obvious , of course, that the main reason for a Thus they are going to find out, by measuring us boy or girl selecting a two -year vocational course is as children , as to whether we are to be day laborers , that the economic condition of the family will not miners , carpenters , school teachers , bank presidents or permit the children to remain in school longer. Those something else, and the crowning infamy is now com- who take the four-year vocational course do so be- mitted when statements are made that they have dis- cause the financial circumstances of the family per- covered that those of superior intelligence are also mit it. Those who are heading towards the colleges of the highest character. Well, we have a sordid tale and universities are, in the main, able to continue in the courts of Chicago that it seems to me challenges their education because their families are better off that sort of philosophy, a tale so terrible in its details financially than are the families of those who take that I do not even care to mention the names of its the shorter courses . Thus it appears that the intelli- principals . They say you are put on your level by gence level and the economic and social levels parallel nature and there is no use struggling against it. I one another . say it is time for the American Federation of Labor Each person , according to this sort of reasoning, is to give the lie to those who in this manner are chal- placed in his particular position in life, high or low, lenging the true laws of life, who are denying all religions as well as trampling upon the philosophy of by a rigid natural law, against which it is useless to our trade union movement. struggle ! What utter nonsense ! From the Masthead by The Lookout The Spirit of Christmas "Again the Ghost sped on, above the black and heaving sea -on, on until, being far away, as he told Scrooge, from any shore, they lighted on a ship. They stood beside the helmsman at the wheel, the look-out in the bow, the officers who had the watch; dark, ghostly figures in their several stations ; but every man among them hummed a Christmas tune, or had a Christmas thought, or spoke below his breath to his companion of some bygone Christmas Day, with homeward hopes belonging to it. " -From Dickens' Christmas Carol. TO the Teachers of Chicago: It is singularly fitting at this season of the With my Christmas greetings I congratu- year, when memories are rampant and late you teachers on the stand you took 25 thoughts hark back to the years that are years ago and have maintained throughout gone, that the firemen of Chicago should re- the last quarter of a century. It has been a vive in the minds of the teachers of Chicago beacon light guiding those who are now fol- the proceedings of 25 years ago, when the lowing in your footsteps. teachers found themselves in the position the It was with no little gratification that I firemen now occupy, complainants against heard the Teachers ' Federation at its meet- under-assessed corporations. ing Saturday, December 12 give a vote of There is no more timely message I could confidence to the taxation program as out- give the Chicago teachers than to tell them lined by the Federation and promise to that now, as the old year wanes and the new stand by it in a substantial way . year begins, the action of the firemen in filing While the world is rapt in sweet sentiment a complaint against certain corporations be- these days of the Holiday time, it would be fore the Board of Review is the beginning of an imposition for me to project hard facts a new era in the tax history of Chicago. at this time, but rather to let you revel in the I attended the hearing before the Board of happy fancy of the Christmas season . Review December 9, 10 and 11. I heard the I am proud of you. I am proud of the Special Counsel for the Board of Education, the Assistant Corporation counsel of the City firemen. I am proud of those courageous citizens represented by the City Council and of Chicago, the attorneys for the corporations Federation of Labor who voted their sup- named and the attorney for the Firemen's Association state their respective positions. port to the firemen. I heard the constant reference by these at- With the coming of the new year I know torneys to the Teachers' case in which the that you will carry on as you have in the name of Miss Catharine Goggin appears. past and that 1926 will witness the success- That case is the foundation on which the ful culmination of the struggle of the teachers Firemen's case rests . and of the firemen for honest and just tax- ation. I heard the chairman of the Board of Re- view call for briefs from all those repre- In wishing you a Merry Christmas and a sented, that he and his colleagues might take Happy New Year I do it from my heart and the matter under advisement and I realized add with Tiny Tim, "God bless us every one." that those words in the records of Chicago's history marked a new milepost in the cam- paign against discriminatory assessments in favor of corporations and against home owners and renters . Morgan A. Haly Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 125 Firemen Get Much Support In Their Complaint vs. Corporations Teachers , Federation of Labor and City Council Interested Firemen of Chicago are not alone in the WHEREAS , This complaint also states " that the building permits issued in the City of Chicago for the stand they have taken against under-assessed years 1921 to 1924 inclusive were $ 978,568,000” corporations . while " the increase of full assessed value of all real and personal property in Chicago as found by the Not only has the Chicago Teachers' Fed- Board of Review for the year 1924 was only about eration given them its endorsement, but the $100,000,000, beyond the figures of 1921 or an aver- age yearly increase of $ 25,000,000” and Federation of Labor and the City Council WHEREAS , The same complaint charges that in resolutions have manifested their interest homes ( houses and lots ) especially those valued be- in the complaint filed by the firemen with low $ 15,000 are assessed by the assessing boards at the Board of Review. a full assessed value of about 36 % of the actual value; and As a result of a resolution introduced by WHEREAS , The City Council on July 2, 1923, on Alderman Oscar F. Nelson, 46th ward, at the recommendation of the Mayor in his message to the City Council meeting Dec. 9 , 1925, a the City Council of that date, unanimously adopted a resolution providing that the City be officially repre- representative from the office of the Corpor- sented before the Board of Review to prevent reduc- ation Counsel was instructed to attend the tion in assessments and to secure adequate and just assessment of property ; and hearings on the firemen's complaint against WHEREAS, The hearings on this complaint filed the corporations . by the Firemen's Association of the City of Chicago The Teachers ' Federation also addressed were fixed by the Board of Review for December 9 , 10 and 11 ; therefore a letter to the City Council urging upon it BE IT RESOLVED , That the Corporation Counsel the inadvisability of the Council's approving be, and he hereby is, directed to have a representa- a proposition to increase the tax rate for edu- tive from his office attend these hearings on behalf of the City of Chicago to secure the assessment of cational purposes at the meeting December property according to law. 9 , while the complaint against the corpora- tions was pending. Newspapers of Decem- From Federation of Labor ber 2 had said that the Council would con- sider the proposition of tax rate increase on Following is the communication of the December 9. It did not come before the Federation of Labor : Council, however. Hearings before the Board of Review were Chicago, Ill ., December 9, 1925 . concluded Friday, December 11 , when the Hon. Charles V. Barrett , matter was taken under advisement subject Chairman, Board of Review, County Building , Chicago, Illinois . to the submission of briefs by the corpora- Dear Sir :- tions named in the complaint and by the complainants. At the last regular meeting of the Chicago Federa- tion of Labor held Sunday, December 6, 1925, unani- Attorney Henry M. Ashton, representing mous endorsement was given the action of the Chicago the Board of Education, Attorney Leon Horn- Firemen's Association in bringing to the attention of the Board of Review the failure of numerous large stein, from the Corporation Counsel's office, and wealthy corporations to pay their just taxes for counsel for the corporations interested and the purpose of compelling them to meet their obliga- tions the same as other concerns and individuals . Miss Margaret Haley, business representa- Our Federation of Labor is in entire accord with tive of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, this action to see that these large corporations are attended the hearings . shown no partiality in the collection of taxes , so that the revenue of the City and County may reach its Resolutions of Council proper proportions to enable the payment of adequate wages to City and County employes. Following is the resolution adopted by the Your co- operation in this situation will be greatly City Council December 9 , 1925 : appreciated by the membership of our Chicago Federa- tion of Labor . WHEREAS , There was filed on November 24, 1925, before the Board of Review of Cook County, by the Respectfully, Firemen's Association of Chicago, a complaint that about $265,000,000 of capital stock value of 35 Illi- CHICAGO FEDERATION OF LABOR, nois corporations is wholly omitted from assessment (Signed) E. N. NOCKELS , for the year 1925 ; and Secretary . Page 126 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 Teachers' Federation Endorses Stand of Firemen Miss Haley Attends Hearings Before Board of Review The Chicago Teachers' Federation has To the Board of Review December 9, 1925. of Cook County, Illinois , gone on record as endorsing the position County Building, Chicago . The Board of Managers of the Chicago Teachers' taken by the Firemen's Association in attack- Federation at its meeting on December 4 endorsed the action of the Firemen's Association in bringing ing the under- assessment of the capital stock before the Board of Review the complaint filed on of certain corporations . November 24 against the under-assessment of the capital stock of corporations and other property, with the consequent loss of revenue and resulting detri- On December 4, 1925, the Board of Man- ment to the public service and injustice to the home agers appointed Miss Haley to represent it at owners and other small tax-payers . The Business Representative of the Federation was the hearings on the complaint of the firemen appointed to represent the Federation at the hearings on the complaint filed by the Firemen's Association. before the Board of Review, and authorized THE CHICAGO TEACHERS ' FEDERATION, By THE BOARD OF MANAGERS , the following letter : ( Signed ) MARY M. ABBE , President. Federation Letter to Council Following is the communication of the Teachers ' Federation sent to the Mayor and to the City Council and referred to the Finance Committee December 9 : December 7, 1925. To the Honorable The City Council, City of Chicago : Because of the hearing before the Board of Review on Wednesday, December 9th, on the com- plaint filed Nov. 24th, by the Chicago Firemen's Association, that there has been omitted or greatly under assessed corporation capital stock valued at hundreds of millions of dollars, the Chicago Teachers ' Federation respectfully submits that Wednesday, December 9th, would be an inopportune time for the City Council to consider the question of submitting to the voters at the next election the proposal to increase the tax rate for educational purposes. For the City Council to approve a proposition to increase the tax rate while the demand to in- crease the assessment is before the Board of Review and undetermined would be interpreted, and rightly so, by the public either as pre-judgment by the Council of the action of the Board of Re- view or as indifferent if not hostile to favorable action by the Board of Review on the Firemen's demand. 리 We believe that the Board of Education and the City Council, as well as the teaching body, and everybody else interested in securing revenue for the schools, should make clear to the public that every resource at their command has been exhausted before this proposition to increase the tax rate is finally approved by the City Council. We believe that any other action would further handicap those who may be compelled as a last resort to ask the people to increase the tax rate if the taxing bodies, including the State Tax Commission, fail to respond to the demands made upon them. The Chicago Teachers ' Federation, at its meeting on Nov. 21st, instructed its officers to make a demand on the State Tax Commission similar to that made by the Firemen on Nov. 24 on the Board of Review. All of these taxing bodies will complete their assessments for 1925 in a few weeks, possibly in a few days. There will be ample time left for action by the Council after these assessing bodies have finished their work. The Board of Education adopted its resolution directing the submission of an increase in the building fund rate on Oct. 10, 1923 (p. 216, Report No. D-7672), and after that date the City Coun- cil approved the proposition and it was put on the ballot for the Nov. election. 1 Respectfully submitted, THE CHICAGO TEACHERS ' FEDERATION, MARY M. ABBE, President. Dec. 16 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 127 tat Chicago Daily Journal Covers 25 Years Fight vs. Corporations Prints First Story On Untaxed Stock and Repeats After Quarter Century -9, Is Twenty-five years ago the Chicago Daily board of review for the year 1924 was only about or an Journal published a story which contained $1,000,000,000 beyond the average yearly increase figures of. 1921, of $ 25,000,000 the first information that large corporations The complaint, the alderman told the council, also ent in Chicago were escaping taxation on hun- stated that homes , houses and lots, especially those valued below $ 15,000, are assessed by the assessing dreds of millions of capital stock. boards at a full assessed value of about 36 per cent of the actual value . the The story proved to be the incentive for ‫ش‬ an investigation made by Miss Haley of FORESEES GRAVE CRIME the Chicago Teachers' Federation. Follow- Far worse crime conditions than the present for ΤΩ ing this investigation, mandamus proceed- Chicago in years to come if the tax system is not put on a more equitable basis were forecast by Miss ings were instituted, resulting in $ 600,000 Margaret Haley, business representative of the Chi- being placed in the public treasury. cago Teachers' federation, before the board of review at the corporation tax hearing . The suit was brought in the name of the Miss Haley's audience consisted chiefly of attor- People of Illinois on the relation of Catharine neys and other representatives of a score of multi- millionaire corporations that had been summoned to Goggin, as taxpayer. Miss Goggin was also show why the valuation of their capital stock should president of the Chicago Teachers' Federa- not be increased for taxation. The complaint was tion. filed by the Firemen's Association of Chicago for the purpose of increasing the city's revenue so that the On Thursday, December 10, 1925 , the firemen might be granted an increase of salary . same paper printed the following story : OPPOSES TAX BOOST As a result of the unanimous action of the city "Resolutions had been prepared,” said Miss Haley, council , the city is going to take part in the fight the "to be submitted to the city council for approval of Firemen's association of Chicago is waging before the board of education's measure to put on the bal- the board of review to obtain an adequate assessment lots next spring a proposition to increase the tax rate of the capital stock of thirty- five Illinois corporations , for educational purposes . Those resolutions were the value of which is estimated at about $ 265,000,000. withheld for fear lest it might be construed as mean- On motion of Alderman Oscar F. Nelson of the ing that we were not in sympathy with this hearing Forty-sixth ward the council on Wednesday unani- before this board. mously directed Corporation Counsel Busch to have "Personally I am in rebellion against this sort of a representative of his office attend the hearings on thing. I do not believe the tax rate should be in- the firemen's complaints . creased. It is an outrage . The necessary revenue URGES PRESSURE ON BOARD for running the schools should be obtained by giving us an equitable system of taxation . In speaking to his resolution, Alderman Nelson said that the $ 1 tax for educational purposes the board of CITES UNFAIR TAXATION education proposes to levy would be unnecessary if all forces interested in the question would join hands "We have had examples of the unfairness of the and bring pressure on the board of review that would method of taxation. Two cases have been cited, one prevent reduction of assessments and secure adequate in which a householder paid $ 150 on his home valued and just assessment of property. at $ 10,500 ; another in which the owner of a bunga- low valued at $ 12,000 paid a tax of $ 252 . Alderman Nelson pointed out that in 1923 the " The people should be made to feel that some mayor had recommended the appointment of a com- effort is being made to distribute the tax burden more mittee to take up tax matters, but that this committee never had held a meeting. equitably. You men here have been complaining of double taxation. I agree with you that such things "The board of education has recommended a tax take place. But how about the people who are pay- levy for $ 1 for educational purposes and intends to ing these exorbitant taxes on their homes ? have this increase in school taxes submitted to a referendum," Alderman Nelson told the council. PROTECT HOME OWNERS "There is no need for this additional tax burden . If "We need more money with which to run the all the forces interested in proper financing would get schools . Retrenchments are being made all along the together and bring pressure on the board of review, line, children are being platooned, all sorts of make- we would not only not need an increase in the tax shifts are being resorted to because of a lack of for educational purposes, but we would realize suf- funds . There should be some way to solve this prob- ficient funds to enable the city to function as it lem without putting the burden of increased taxation should function." on the home owners . TAXES FAIL TO GROW "You hold one generation back educationally and In his resolution the alderman points out that, ac- there is no way to estimate the direful consequences . cording to the complaints filed by the Firemen's asso- You may hang all the criminals you will, but if you ciation, the building permits issued in Chicago for take away educational privileges from the children, I the years 1921 to 1924, inclusive, were $978,568,000, tell you that Chicago will see a crime wave such as it while the increase of full assessed value of all real has never seen in all its history." and personal property in Chicago as found by the -Chicago Daily Journal , Dec. 10, 1925. Page 128 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 Superintendent's Rating System Is Published by Principals Tentative Plan , Result of Conference, Outlined In " Reporter” A " tentative plan for rating the teaching e. Education of the raters to a more comprehen- service, " signed by William McAndrew, is sive knowledge and skill in supervising in- struction . printed in the November, 1925 issue of the f. Elimination of chances of records being based Principals' Club Reporter. on inefficient observation or data or any personal whim of the inspector. It is introduced by a letter from the super- g. Provision for a record of a teacher leaving the system so that when they write in from intendent to the president of the Chicago another city instead of giving just a guess, Principals' Club. The letter says that the give the official record. "tentative plan" resulted from a conference (3) DATE OF REPORT. Ratings should not be required before the close of the semester. with the Chicago Public Schools Teachers' (4) DETAILS FOR WHOM . Only the total rat- Council. This so-called council is the group ing of the items need be reported to the central which Mr. Mullenbach referred to as a " hand- office except that a full detail should be submitted for teachers rated " Superior" and for teachers rated picked conference of the superintendent. " lower than " Satisfactory. " In the case of the first teachers , this is to give some bases for promotion to Following is the letter and plan as pub- assist in a decision where there are competitors for a lished in the Principals' Club Reporter : higher position or for selection for night schools, etc. In the case of the latter teachers, this is for protec- Appraisal of Teaching tion against hasty judgments, unsubstantiated by facts and is to enable constructive suggestions for improvement in teaching to be given when possible. November 3, 1925. Chicago Principals' Club , (5) CLASS VISITS. In the case of teachers Mr. George A. Beers, Pres . , marked less than " Satisfactory " the reports should 315 Plymouth Court, Chicago . contain a notation of the date and time of class in- Ladies and Gentlemen : spection together with records of tests and other specific evidences justifying the marks given. As a result of an extended conference with the Chicago Public School Teachers' Council, representa- (6) TRANSMISSION OF RECORD TO TEACH- ER. The council was unanimous that this blank need tives of the various parts of the educational depart- not be given to teachers rated " Satisfactory " or ment being present: teachers, principals, and superin- higher, the blank in such cases being considered a tendents, I submit this tentative plan for rating the mem teaching servicehigh in the elementary, continuation, jun- persora ndum for the aid of the principal, for his onal conferences with individual teachers. If any ior, and senior schools, and request criticisms on princ ipal desires to transmit to the teacher concerned. it by your organization. (1) We want to get out a blank for use covering the details of a record " Satisfactory " or above, there is no objection to his doing so . The council was the teaching service at the close of this semester. unanimous in recommending that in the case of a (2) PURPOSE. The rating system is for : teacher rated less than " Satisfactory " the principal a. Maintenance and increase of efficiency. should afford such teacher the opportunity of seeing b. Bases for promotion. the entire record. с. Bases for ridding the school of incompetents . Following is the blank in its present tentative d. Emphasizing particular features or projects state, subject to amendment as the result of your and adopted by the school system. othe recommen r dations : APPRAISAL OF TEACHING (Teacher's Name) ...... School For Semester Ending....... RATING (In this column put the nu- merical symbols for Superior, or Excellent, or Satisfactory , or Unsatisfactory , or Ineffi- cient. Add this at the bottom of the sheet for the final rat- ing. A. KNOWLEDGE OF SUBJECT. Related fields, general information, famil- iarity with reference works, scholarship, professional improvement. Superior 10; Excellent=9 ; Satisfactory = 8 ; Unsatisfactory= 7; Inefficient = 0 to 6 . B. TEACHING ABILITY. Definite aims, preparation in reference to ability and needs of pupils, good English, clear exposition, questions are thought pro- voking, teacher requires persistence of pupils, plan book adequate and available, adequate directions for study by pupils, attitude of class active and alert, control of class, objective illustration, blackboard adequately ec. 16 MARGARET Dec. 16, 1925 HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 129 RATING (In this column put the nu- merical symbols for Superior, or Excellent, or Satisfactory , or Unsatisfactory , or Ineffi- cient. Add this at the bottom of the sheet for the final rat- ing. employed, correction of inaccuracy, avoidance of waste time, entire class engaged rather than a succession of dialogues between teacher and pupil, questions asked and class held responsible before calling on one individual , CO definite assignment of lessons, care of room, ability to obtain adequate response from pupils without too much talking by teacher. Superior 20 ; Excellent = 19 ; Satisfactory = 17 ; Unsatisfactory = 16 ; Inefficient = 0 to 14. C. PROGRESS OF PUPILS. Pupils interested and alert, success in bringing pupils to fitness for promotion, success of pupils in succeeding grades, thinking power and self-reliance, pupils' voices audible and pleasing, pupils' te use of English, influence on pupils' character, honesty, courtesy, orderli- ness , unselfishness ; pupils' handwriting, legibility and form; pupils' habitual self-proving of computations ; pupils' accuracy, study habits of pupils. Superior = 30 ; Excellent = 28 ; Satisfactory = 26 ; Unsatisfactory = 21 ; Inefficient = 0 to 19 . 12 D. CO - OPERATION WITH PUPILS AND COMMUNITY . Willingness to help school progress ; community activities; tact and courtesy in dealing with parents; courtesy, sympathy and regard for all children assigned; fairness, firmness, and justice ; special services rendered pupils . Superior = 10 ; Excellent = 9 ; Satisfactory = 8 ; Unsatisfactory = 7 ; Inefficient = 0 to 6 . E. CO- OPERATION IN SCHOOL MANAGEMENT . Co-operation with principal L and other teachers ; punctuality ; promptness and accuracy with school records ; suggestion for improvement of the school ; loyalty to city, state, and nation ; special services rendered school ; regular attendance ; prompt and intelligent compliance with instructions . THE Superior 15 ; Excellent = 14 ; Satisfactory = 13 ; Unsatisfactory = 12 ; Inefficient = 0 to 11 . F. PROFESSIONAL STANDING AND GROWTH . Adaptability to suggestion for professional improvement ; professional reading or taking of courses ; participation in departmental clubs, societies, and movements for improve- ment of the system. Superior = 15 ; Excellent = 14 ; Satisfactory = 13 ; Unsatisfactory = 12 ; Inefficient = 0 to 11 . SUPERIOR = 100 ; EXCELLENT = 93 ; SATISFACTORY = 84 ; UNSATISFAC- TORY = 75 ; INEFFICIENT = 0 to 67 . (The final rating must be the sum of the ratings of A, B, C, D, E, F. ) TOTAL RATING .. Additional records in the case of teachers rated " Superior" : Notable excellencies of habit, temperament, service and success : Additional record in the case of teachers rated less than " Satisfactory" when any of the following details are largely responsible for the low rating : Personal appearance and dress, health; failure to follow what specific directions for improve- ment ? Detrimental habits : too often repeating pupils' answers ; incessant use of concert recita- tions ; persistence in unproductive and wasteful methods. Specify. Dates and duration of class inspections, made by whom ? WM. MCANDREW. Signature of Principal. -Principals Club Reporter, November, 1925 What a Difference Too Liberal A worthy missionary in India had the "My dear, remarked the young husband , hymn "Rock of Ages" translated into Hin- "did you ask the milk man why there is dustani . On retranslation into English by a never any cream on our milk ? " student, the first two lines bore this inspiring "Yes, darling, and he explained quite satis- and illuminating aspect : factorily . I think that it is a great credit to him ." "Very old stone, split for my benefit, "What did he say ? " Let me absent myself under your fragments." " That he always fills the jug so full there -New York Times . is no room for cream. " -New York World. Page 130 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 THE TASK IMPOSSIBLE You may prate about your doctors, and your laws of metaphysics, You may trample down the scoffers, who've no faith in analytics, You may point and single out the psycho-analyst, with pride You may praise the crazed fanatics who on their hobbies ride, You may segregate and separate the best minds from them all. You may cogitate and contemplate their essence to recall, But, with wisdom Socraterian, or with Solomonian mind, Who dares attempt an honest scheme of teachers' rates to find? Can you measure, with a yard-stick, the pure essence of a soul? Can you weigh a personality, and gauge it as a whole? Can you estimate, in sordid terms, the loving human touch? Can you tell its worth in dollars, and determine just how much? O, who rates a teacher's power, finds he stands on holy ground, Though Ph. D.'s and A. M.'s may show learning most profound, Be he super-man or demi-god, the task he would control, Means the making, or the marring of a vital human soul. MARY W. GREENE , Horace Mann School -From The Bulletin of the Milwaukee Teachers' Association, January, 1925. Teachers Repeat Request to Have Secret Marks Abolished Send Letter and Resolution to Board of Education At its meeting Saturday, December 12 , 19 , 1924, requesting the Board of Education to abolish secret marking of teachers . 1925, the Chicago Teachers' Federation The Resolution adopted June 19, 1924, was sent to unanimously adopted a resolution, previously the Board of Education and is printed in the Board's adopted, requesting the Board of Education proceedings of June 25, 1924. Report G-9191 , Page 1451. to abolish secret marking of teachers . The officers of the Federation were directed by the meeting last Saturday to send another copy of the As a result, the following letter including Resolution to the Board of Education. The Resolu- tion follows : the resolution has been sent to members of RESOLUTION the Board of Education : Whereas , the rules of the Board of Education provide that the persons authorized to mark En- December 14, 1925. gineer Custodians on their efficiency shall indi- To the Honorable cate such efficiency mark on a blank provided for The Board of Education, the purpose and signed by the person so marking City of Chicago . the Engineer Custodian, copy of which signed Ladies and Gentlemen: blank is to be left with the Engineer Custodian The Chicago Teachers ' Federation last Saturday, at the time the efficiency mark is given and dupli- December 12, 1925, unanimously re-adopted the Reso- cate filed in the office of the Board of Education; lution previously adopted by the Federation on June (Continued on Page 138) Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 131 NOTIGE TO THE PUBLIG MAIL YOUR XMAS PARCELS EARLIER NO DELIVERY OF MAIL BY CARRIER ON "CHRISTMAS DAY" GHRISTMAS-1924 GHRISTMAS-1925 HOME ET SWE E H M O US MAIL POSTAL EMPLOYEE O A X P S M E -AND- N HIS FAMILY MICHAEL GAWRON Help the Mail Man Enjoy Christmas ! Mail and Pack Early and Well ! Postmaster Appeals to Teachers to Lighten the Carriers ' Load In accordance with its annual custom, the to the teachers through the correspondents Chicago Teachers' Federation is appealing of the Federation. In addition, an appeal to its members to lighten the load of the to the children and the public, approved by mailman during the holiday rush. the Postmaster, Superintendent of Schools By virtue of the new rule eliminating the and President of the Board of Education, was delivery of mail Christmas day, mail carriers sent to the teachers. This appeal was ap- will be able to eat Christmas dinner with proved by the Board of Education on Novem- their families . ber 25. Information on "Christmas Package Mail- The cartoon printed on this page, was ing Week" starting December 14, was sent drawn by a Chicago mail carrier. Couldn't Keep Up For Better or Worse "Funny thing about these 15-cent socks." FOR RENT- One-room house, suitable for "Wassamatter ? " bachelor or storeroom .-Classified ad in the "Every time I walk they run." Virginia ( Minn.) Daily Enterprise. Page 132 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 Teachers ' Representative Is Refused Permit to Leave Classes for Talk Correspondence Denies Mrs. Hanson's Request To Be Absent From School to Make Address Mrs. Florence Hanson , president of the past year and a half such matters are settled by the principal and district or division superintendent, and Federation of Women High School Teachers furthermore, that owing to the large number of re- and also president of the Chicago High quests and to the fact that the work of instruction should not be impaired by absence of teachers from School Teachers' Council, was invited to ad- their classes , only illness or extreme necessity is dress the Joint Committee on School Affairs, considered sufficient reason for such excuses . Should any repeal from a refusal to grant permis- Thursday, November 19, in the Chicago sion for absence in this case be made to me, I should Woman's Club rooms . express the opinion that absence for this reason would be unwarranted. She addressed a letter to Mr. McAn- (Signed) W. McANDREW, drew, Superintendent of Schools, telling him TO THE PRINCIPAL that her acceptance was dependent upon his November 7, 1925. permission . The superintendent replied neg- My dear Mr. Loomis : atively. Mrs. Hanson interpreted his reply The Joint Committee on School Affairs , represent- ing thirty civic organizations has invited me to speak as meaning that she had not followed the on Teachers' Councils at its meeting at the Chicago proper procedure . Consequently, she di- Woman's Club, Thursday, Nov. 19. With your permission and that of the district or rected a letter to her principal, Mr. H. B. division superintendent I should be glad to accept this invitation. Loomis . The final reply in the series of let- I should be absent from two classes . I will ar- ters, was not directed to Mrs. Hanson but to range the work of these classes so as to entail no loss to them. her principal, from the district superinten- Respectfully yours, dent in charge of Senior High Schools . The ( Signed) FLORENCE CURTIS HANSON. result was, Mrs. Hanson was refused per- Approved -H . B. Loomis . mission to leave her classes to make the ad- FROM THE districCT SUPERINTENDENT dress . November 10, 1925. Below are printed the four letters which Mr. Hiram B. Loomis, entered into the discussion of her leaving Principal, Hyde Park High School. My dear Mr. Loomis : classes to make the address : Your letter of November 9th enclosing request of Miss Florence C. Hanson to be absent from her TO THE SUPERINTENDENT classes on Thursday, November 19th, to speak at the November 3, 1925. Chicago Women's Club is received. Mr. William McAndrew, It is the policy of the Board of Superintendents to Superintendent of Schools , grant permission for absence from classes only in Chicago, Ill . cases of illness or extreme necessity. Therefore, per- My dear Mr. McAndrew : mission for this absence from classes cannot be The Joint Committee on School Affairs has invited granted. me to speak on the subject of Teachers ' Councils , at You will please inform Miss Hanson of this de- its meeting at the Chicago Woman's Club, on Thurs- cision. day, November 19. Very truly yours , My acceptance of this invitation will necessitate my (Signed) WILLIS E. TOWER, being absent from two of my classes. Provision will District Superintendent in Charge of Senior High be made for their care during my absence. Schools . My acceptance is dependent upon your permission. WET/ CM It will expedite matters if you will address your reply to my home address . Very truly yours , Business as Usual ( Signed ) FLORENCE CURTIS HANSON, Approved. President . "Don't you think, doctor, you've rather No substitute needed. overcharged for attending Jimmy when he (Signed ) H. B. Loomis. had the measles ? " FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT "You must remember, Mrs. Browne, that Subject: November 4, 1925 . includes twenty-two visits. " Miss Florence Curtis Hanson, 19 South La Salle Street, "Yes, but you forget he infected the Chicago, Illinois . whole school ! " -London Mail . Dear Madam : You write me November 3 asking so as to expedite matters , that I address reply to your home address . Too Much Work You state that a joint committee on school affairs has invited you to speak on teachers' councils at a meet- Policeman ( producing notebook) -"Wot's ing of the Chicago Woman's Club on Thursday, No- your name ? " vember 19, and that your acceptance will necessitate your absence from two of your classes and that your Motorist "Aloysius Alastair Cyprianus." acceptance is dependent upon my permission . Policeman (putting book away) -" Well, Had you taken up this matter with your principal I am sure he would have advised you that for the don't let me catch you again. " Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 133 $f Composite Photo Made Of Pupil The great central 1 Superintendent Sees Super- Child meeting place before A composite picture of an eighth grade and after the matinee te: child, as seen by the superintendent, is de- picted in a bulletin sent to all principals by Most of the things of life really worth the Superintendent, December 8, 1925 . while are within reach of average pros- The bulletin, closely typed and illegible in perity. If one make the necessary dis- spots, is as composite as the picture it draws. tinction between things that are cheap, It is a call for a sampling day with eighth grade pupils as exhibitions. merely, and things that are not costly Following is paragraph 103 of the Super- he may, without much wealth, possess intendent's Bulletin : a full share of the material things that [Page 48, Supt's Bulletin, Dec. 8, 1925. ] make substantial contribution to enjoy- TO THE PRINCIPALS OF ALL SCHOOLS : ment of life . 103 OUTPUT : On as late a Saturday as possible in b January, I should like to have a sampling day in C Fullerton Hall. I would want the stage fitted up as a classroom and have at each desk one member of an 1 8A class, all from different schools , selected by lot and not hand-picked. I should want to put the children through different tests for the benefit of the audience HENRICI'S of principals , showing what our output this year is . WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT From various sources the following composite of what . makes up the elementary school graduate has been prepared. If there are any of these which you deem 67 W. Randolph St. non-essential or if there are any essentials which you Between Dearborn and Clark Streets think are omitted, I should value suggestions. This is entirely voluntary on your part. The output of Chi- cago elementary schools is a boy or girl made up of 1 these characteristics : (1 ) Health, cleanliness . NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART (2) Attention to personal appearance, dress , car- riage. Our spare time courses offer oppor- tunity to Chicago teachers for art (3) Audible voice, clear and correct speech. training in its practical, as well as cultural phases . 1 (4) Courage, self-control; mastery of shyness . Curriculum Includes Galleries (5) Skill in hand work, including legible, shapely open day Nude Life, Portraiture, Illustration, penmanship, letters and figures. Ability to use com- and eve- Design, Commercial Fundamentals , In- mon machines and simple tools and to employ simple ning. Illus- terior Decoration, Glassware, Wooden- trated ware, Lamp Shade, Furniture Decorat- graphic representation. catalog on ing. Day , Evening, Saturday, Sunday request and Home Study Courses . (6) Punctuality. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART (7) Economy of time and material. Proctor M. Fiske, Director (8) Ability and tendency to think, to compare PELOUZE BLDG . , 230 EAST OHIO STREET ideas, and to reach consistent conclusions. (9) Tendency to reflect before important action. ( 10) Mental economy : ability to study a problem (18 ) Taste, refinement, appreciation of beauty in intelligently and to summarize essentials in a reason- literature, music, art, and nature. able time; intelligent application . ( 19 ) Humor, capacity for healthy enjoyment, cheerfulness . ( 11 ) Orderliness . Tendency to plan. (20) Desire and ability to co-operate with others . ( 12) Ability to comprehend and to reproduce in Willingness to act under direction; loyalty. writing or by word of mouth printed or oral dis- (21 ) Intelligent patriotism. course of reasonable difficulty. (22) Industry, perseverance, grip, grit, self- (13) Accuracy and reasonable speed in such com- reliance . putations as the ordinary citizen is called upon to ( 23 ) Originality, independence, initiative, manage- make and in such quantitative work with tools and ment , enthusiasm . material as is pertinent to the tool and machine work (24 ) Honesty, decency, clean-mindedness . of the school. (25) Good manners, courtesy, consideration for (14) Appreciation of the value of money, of the others , helpfulness, readiness to volunteer, unselfish- advantage of intelligent spending, and of thrift. ness . (15) An efficient knowledge of the usual sources (26 ) Advantageous use of leisure. of information. Skill in using them. Prepared by William McAndrew, Supt. of Schools . * * * 104 . STANDARD TESTS . (16) Conception of the intellectual inheritance of mankind. Possession of a reasonable fund of informa- 105 JUNIOR LEAGUE OF CHICAGO- PLAY- tion resulting from the conventional studies, includ- HOUSE THEATRE . *** * ing especially the duties of a citizen . 106 LECTURE, “ WHO WERE THE PIONEERS ? " * * * (17) Knowledge of the main avenues of self-sup- port, the nature of occupations, wages and opportu- WM. McANDREW, nities . Superintendent of Schools . Page 134 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 Amended Plan Passed By Board "BETTY R ‫دو‬ Emeritus Service Altered A recommendation from the joint commit- tee on Rules and Finance to concur in an HATS emeritus service plan retiring teachers at the age of 70 years, was concurred in by the Board of Education at its meeting Wednes- $395 day, December 9 , 1925 . On Tuesday, the amendment to the rules The Only Re- proposing the emeritus service plan was dis- versible, Col- cussed by the joint committees . Miss Haley lapsible, and addressed the committee and said that it was Adjustable hat in the world. not reasonable to suppose that teachers whose Can be worn in 50 different styles. voice had been silenced by the abolition of Thirty-three different color combinations . councils would be called upon to advise the Can be carried in your vanity case. superintendent after they reached the age of 70, when their advice was refused before An ideal Representatives Hats in that time. hat for wanted for full or all college teachers spare time. colors Mr. English, chairman of the Rules.com- mittee, and the only member of the joint Fred K. Higbie Supply Co. committee who voted against the proposed 360 N. Michigan Ave. measure when it was before the committees, Suite 916-917-918 said that he believed the board members should have further time in which to discuss it and that he favored postponing action. Mr. C. T. Byrne, presiding, said that in his HAIR TINTING By LOIS ARMSTRONG opinion, the matter should be given further (Formerly with Marinello) Not an ordinary process-but a proven study . The joint committee , however, voted method, backed by years of success. Special Club Rates For Teachers in favor of the plan . LOIS STUDIOS Call State 5089 At the board meeting the following day, Room 808. 14 W. Washington St. Mr. Byrne offered an amendment to Section 1, excluding the superintendent from the operation of the rule and making emeritus TEACHING A PLEASURE When You Wear Our service contingent upon the completion of at PHYSICAL CULTURE least 20 years continuous service prior to Combination Last Shoes. That Have Style Plus Comfort retirement. We Also Make Shoes to Order When Required Service That Pleases In the November 30 issue of The Bulletin, BRUNS BOOTERY 6 N. Michigan Blvd., Third Floor the resolution embodying the emeritus serv- ice plan was printed . Below is published the resolution as FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Teachers Solicited amended , the words underscored indicating Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Repairing and Remodeling the new material added in Mr. Byrne's 25 Years' Experience Designing amendment to the first section : to Individual Taste Section 1. There is hereby created a branch of LEVEY & CO. the educational service of the Board of Education Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. which shall be known as Emeritus Service to which all members of the teaching force including teachers , principals , supervisors, directors , district superinten- Phones Central 2551-2552 Res . Park Ridge 1842 dents, assistant superintendents, superintendents, JOHN J. McCORMICK other than the Superintendent of Schools, and exam- SHORTHAND REPORTER iners , except as hereinafter provided, shall be assigned 1105 Ashland Block, Chicago when they shall have respectively reached the age of SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND, 70 years . Provided however such assignments shall REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS . be made only in cases where said persons have been Oficial Shorthand Reporter for Chicago Teachers' Federation in active and continuous service in the public schools Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 135 asse of the City of Chicago for at least twenty years prior S to such retirement. Hereafter no member of the teaching force shall be continued in classroom or supervising duties who shall be more than seventy ed years of age . Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Superinten- 92 dent of Schools on the first day of January and the first day of July in each year or as soon thereafter as ‫ש‬ possible, to report to the Board of Education in writing the names of all persons of the teaching force who have or will have attained the age of 70 years on in every 100 the first day of February or August next ensuing and found quick relief or ink he shall recommend (unless he is of the opinion that charges shall be preferred against such persons in cure for feet troubles accordance with the Statute and Rules in such cases in these shoes made and provided) that such persons shall be re- tired from regular classroom or supervisory service the and shall be assigned to the class of service known Recently an impartial investigation as Emeritus Service and be subject to the call of the was made among hundreds of men and women who wear Ground Superintendent of Schools or the Board of Educa- is tion for consultation, advice and such other service Gripper shoes. Ninety-two per as may from time to time be required. cent stated that Ground Grippers at had brought relief or permanent Section 3. Each person so transferred to Emeritus cure to all their foot troubles . N Service shall be paid annually during the continuance of such service a sum equal to one-half of the average annual salary received by such person during the ten years preceding his transfer to Emeritus Service, but no person so transferred shall receive annually less than fifteen hundred dollars ( $ 1,500) nor more ROUND than twenty- five hundred dollars ( $2,500) . A Typographical Error In a time of stress, a printer, unable to G RIPPER GROUND GRIPPER STORES 29 East Lake Street 40 North Clark Street make a living at his trade, obtained employ- ment as a waiter in a restaurant. 63 East Adams Street He served an order of noodle soup to a SHOES FOR ALL THE FAMILY customer. A few minutes later the customer A called him. "See here, waiter, I found a needle in this soup," he said . The printer looked at the needle . “I beg your pardon," he said . "That is a typo- If You Want a Good Shingle Bob or graphical error. It should have been Permanent Marcel Wave NOODLE ." Come in and see us ! JOSEPH P. MARTIN 1016 Stevens Bldg. An old southern planter was discussing CENT. 1216 DEAR. 6542 the hereafter with one of the colored serv- ants. "Sam," he said, "if you die first, I BERTHA OTT Announces the following CONCERT and RECITALS want you to come back and tell me what it's under her management during January RETURN ENGAGEMENT like over there. If I die first, I'll come back Roderick White, violinist recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 3rd, at 3:30 . Seats 83c, $ 1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20 , and tell you what it's like." tax included. Mail orders now. Ossip Gabrilowitsch, fourth of a series of six historical re- "Dat suits me, massa, " replied the old citals with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday after- noon, January 3rd, at 3:30 . negro , "but if you dies first, Ah wants you Sylvia Lent, violinist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 10th, at 3:30 . to promise me dat you'll come back in de Flonzaley Quartet, third of a series of three chamber music daytime ." concerts, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 10th. Cherniavsky Trio, Leo, violinist : Jan, cellist; Mischel, pianist ; concert, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 17th, at 3:30 . Yolanda Mero, pianiste, recital , Princess Theatre, Sunday Anyway afternoon, January 17th, at 3:30. Tickets can be secured by addressing Sermon : " Kissing : Is it Sane and Sani- BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave. tary ?" Solo: "Tell Mother I'll Be There . " — Have You Thought From a church bulletin quoted by "The Bap- of Luggage as a tist" ( Chicago ) . Pleasing Christmas Gift ? "I hear your son is an undertaker. You told me he was a doctor." "Not at all, I only said he followed the medical profession." Taylor's 28 E.RANDOLPH ST. NEW YORK EST. 1859 CHICAGO Page 136 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 Between Xmas and New Year-when you have Wombats and Wallabies plenty of "Shopping Time” -ZUGSCHWERT will be pleased to serve you. vs. New Side- Front Closing Willies Slip-Around Corsets $14 The newest type of slip-around is this clever side- closing model designed to prevent bulging. It is The wail of wombats and wallabies against made of fine silk brocade and surgical elastic. the rights of Willie and Mary, children of Brassieres and Lingerie Chicago, is vitriolically depicted in the fol- The most favored styles in brassieres and a complete assortment of Munsing Wear and lowing editorial in the Chicago Daily Journal, Kickernick bloomers. Nov. 11, 1925 : ZUGSCHWERT CHICAGO CORSETS and BRASSIERES 17 N. State Street The rush of Chicagoans to the near and far suburbs Stevens Bldg., 10th Floor has carried to the belt of pretty towns which girdle the metropolis the school problem which for so long has pressed for solution in the city itself. The rapidly growing population of many of the satellite towns has MACLEAN COLLEGE crowded the schools, and the problem that had been chiefly Chicago's is now becoming equally the prob- lem of the outer communities . With an energetic of Music, Dramatic and Speech Arts building program the city is steadily relieving the The " Little College" for particular people strain on its deficient educational equipment. The ex- VOCAL ART , MUSICAL COMEDY, STAGE tension program looks far ahead; the suburbs , too, CRAFT EXPRESSION , PUBLIC SPEAKING, must plan for a span of years , not for a single season. DRAMATIC ART The satisfaction with which the board of education A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for recurrently broadcasts the glad tidings that it is over- practical work taking the seat shortage is wholly excusable, but the EXCELLENT INSTRUCTORS INDIVIDUAL ATTENTION tendency here and there to seize credit for this work, CONVENIENT LOCATION ENTER AT ANY TIME or here and there to bestow all credit upon contem- PROMOTIONAL CREDITS FOR TEACHERS porary effort, indicates shortmindedness on the part DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS of some people. Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. They have forgotten the vigorous campaign which 2835 S. Michigan Ave. CHICAGO teachers , pupils and parents conducted for an increase Phone Victory 7514 of school taxes from 75 cents to $ 1 per $ 100 of assessed valuation. They have forgotten that the resolutions providing for this increase were drawn in the corporation counsel's office at the insistent request 912 of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation . They have for- StevensBldg. gotten that this increase was the direct result of an HRADCLIFFE BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes angry protest against herding pupils in dilapidated portable dog-houses , dark basements and transformed toilets. The present ambitious building program, which is Discount ÁDOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP intheCity gradually increasing the school seating capacity, was to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,2½to the result of the defeat of the attempt to tax the 12;Widths, Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to ΕΕΕ public to build mansions for monkeys and Babylonian "Stylish Stout Outsides" temples for baboons while the children of the city were left without educational facilities. There are occasional hints that the plan to tax the public to build Now Is the Time to Select Your a zoo will be revived. There can be no objection to a Fur Coat zoo, but there must be no attempt to tax the people to build a home for wombats and wallabies until every Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at child has been provided with a seat and a desk in a schoolroom. STAEDTER'S This matter is of quite as much interest to the 1302 Stevens Bldg. 17 N. State St. suburbs as to Chicago itself. Some suburbs have adopted exceedingly heavy taxation to keep up with the growth in school population. Others, with less available wealth upon which to levy, are floundering KING BEAUTY SHOP about and trying to make the best of a bad situation. -Chicago Daily Journal, Nov. 11, 1925. Quality Service at a Reasonable Price Permanent Waving a Specialty Culinary Note SATISFACTION GUARANTEED Many a young man poses as being hard- Phone 219 Mallers Bldg. boiled when he is only half-baked. DEArborn 5120 5 So. Wabash -New Orleans Times-Picayune. Echo Answers CommercialArt and School If a freight train at a crossing VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION ILLUSTRATION, Hits an auto fair and square, COSTUME DESIGN There's the freight train -Where's the auto? Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering and Design Day, Half-Day, Evening and Saturday Echo answer, " Where ? " Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago -Boston Transcript. K! Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 137 There IS a Reason THE IDLE HOUR Why Socket Fit Shoes fit and satisfy. They are the only shoes with a moulded arch that fits the contour of the "The best of all ways to lengthen our foot . Com- days fort In Ev- ery Step Is to steal a few hours from the night, because they fit the my dear." the foot in -From an old Irish Song. its normal condition. D. C. LOCKE'S Have you seen a play you think the teach- ers would like ? Do you know of a musicale, In the SOCKET FIT Formerly the + lecture, entertainment which you feel would the SHOE Lobby of STORE College merit their patronage ? Will you pass on Shops Boot 1 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE any suggestions you may have that you think Bldg. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Shop worth while ? This column is just an ex- - change of ideas about profitable places in which to spend an hour or two and is in no way dictated by the advertising policy. Superfluous Hair Apollo Musical Club will present the Can positively be forever destroyed "Messiah" Sunday afternoon, December 27, I have been in business for many in Orchestra Hall. The club will be accom- years and I guarantee my work panied by members of the Chicago Sym- 1 phony Orchestra with Grace Holverschied, soprano ; Frederick Downing, contralto ; B. Fred Wise, tenor and Mark Love, bass, as soloists. The Board of Education has granted Martha B. Dowdy Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash permission to the Apollo Musical Club to No Apprentices Not a Beauty School put on some concerts for the city schools and to promote these concerts as the Civic Music Association, orchestra and opera have done. INTRODUCING ! To the School Teachers of Chicago "The Dove" whose Chicago engagement is Goodrich Dressmaking Service - limited, offers some melodrama of the "way back when" period. In a Mexican setting We design, cut and fit any garment from your own material and make ready for you to finish. Also there is shooting, tragedy, romance with partial and complete finishing services. - Holbrook Blinn and Judith Anderson the principal reasons for going. Teachers have Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone said they liked it. THE GOODRICH SHOP 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 "Pigs." Decidedly in contrast with the heavier setting of "The Dove," is "Pigs," with a laugh in every other line, and the squeals of honest-to-goodness pigs to give MARINELLO atmosphere. For a homespun comedy, "Pigs" Approved Beauty Shop is in a class by itself. Everything in Beauty Culture Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator Suite 602 Stewart Bldg 108 N. State Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 Benefit. Pupils of Medill high school have taken the initiative in keeping the son of a policeman in school. The boy's father died JUST WHAT YOU WANT -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of as a result of injuries suffered while on value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your duty. The boy is a student at Medill high subscription will be welcomed. $ 2.00 per year-20c per copy. Send stamps for sample copy. Remember it's the- school and owing to the financial stringency ALL-ARTS MAGAZINE in the family as a result of the father's Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams Street, Dept. M Chicago, Illinois (Continued on Next Page ) Page 138 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 ( Continued from Page 137 ) SPARE TIME ART COURSES death, will have to leave school. To help the boy continue his education, his class- Many of us do not realize what can be accom- plished in SPARE TIME IN ART -do you ? Mon- mates at Medill high school presented two day-Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9 : 30 plays , " Rosalie" and " Thrash," December also Saturday and Sunday Classes in ART. Pos- sibly we have just the course you have always 16, the proceeds being turned into the edu- longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, cation fund of the deceased policeman's son. interior decoration, commercial art, illustration or ? The project was sponsored by teachers at Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses Medill High . Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART THE COVER 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill . The sentiment used on the cover page of "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School ' this, the Christmas number of The Bulletin, is reprinted from the Chicago Teachers' Fed- eration Bulletin of December 20, 1907. It is used in this issue by request. The Most Satisfactory -Editor. PERMANENT WAVE TEACHERS REPEAT REQUEST (Continued from Page 132 ) Resolved, that the Chicago Teachers' Federa- Guaranteed for Years tion requests the Board of Education to abolish the secret marking of teachers and to provide in the Rules of the Board of Education that all per- sons authorized to mark teachers on their effi- PAUL MUNTZING ciency shall indicate such efficiency mark on a blank provided for the purpose and signed by 162 N. State St. the person so marking the teacher, copy of which signed blank shall be left with the teacher at the time the efficiency mark is given and duplicate filed in the office of the Board of Education. Respectfully submitted, Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION, on hand Remodeling and Repairing Mary M. Abbe , Frances E. Harden, New Coats Made to Order President . Corresponding Secretary. 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph Central 6049 Established 1897 SUBSCRIPTION to GO THE MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN WENZEL WAY Name. For Superior Instruction in HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE Address BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER (Street and Number) WRITE OR CALL City CHICAGO Room 306, 177 No. State St. Phone State 1887 Subscription price $2.00 per year. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν. Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. CameoBeautyShop A Marcel Waving Permanent Waving Shampooing Facials Manicuring Scalp Treatments MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Hair Goods Waterwaving Hair Cutting Hair Tinting 1126 Stevens Building, 17 No. State Street Chicago MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher Appointments Solicited Phone Dearborn 0374 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. AN IDEAL EUROPEAN TOUR THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 Cents . 58 Days-$595 LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Visiting England, Holland, Belgium, The Rhine, Switzer- land, Italy ( includ. Naples ) , Riviera and France ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to Full particulars the order of Mrs. Florence B. Blair 5218 Dorchester Avenue CHICAGO MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor, Suite 1335, American Fairfax 5147 Bond andMortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 Dec. 16, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 139 e13 hot.ion, Collegiate Tours Via =h, " ! Canadian Pacific To Europe MaryAdams inte Montclare Weekly Sailings from Montreal Every Friday Ma Ada 'Hi-Archa Shoe Montroyal May 28 to July 23, 1926 ry ms Montrose Montcalm 36 Days -- $350 : STYLE and Personally conducted, capably chaperoned P tours by steamship , rail and motor- (Only4 days Liverpool-the beauty and historical on open sea.) spots of England, Holland, Belgium and France-with an opportunity to visit Ire- COMFORT land, Scotland, Switzerland and Germany, 052 if desired. Thirty -six days seeing warm, colorful , The tranquil, fascinating sections of historical Women look to interest. Europe with its art treasures, us for the latest traditions , gaiety and night life. The shortest route-four days open sea shoe styles in 19 with an opportunity to see Toronto, Nia- corrective foot- gara Falls, Montreal-Days of dancing, playing, travel luxury-or restful relaxa- wear. No. 1333 , tion. Canadian Pacific service and cuisine en voyage. No. 1333 pictured here , Patent Leather has been de- To the Orient $500 Strap signed especially Sailing from Vancouver for women who need July 8, 1926 Widths A to E an arch support, but Know the Orient-the land of Flowers , Sizes 3 to 9 ) 2 Romance and Mystery. Narrow crooked who do not want to sac- streets , quaint costumes and customs- Price rifice style to obtain com- Japan, China and the Philippines-A fort. This model has F glorious sea voyage on one of the Em- presses of the Canadian Pacific. $7.50 our patented steel arch, Reservations may be made on At your and all of the fitting fea- application to the Arts Craft Neighborhood tures of Mary Adams Hi Guild, 500 N. Dearborn St., or Dealer Archa Shoes. R. S. Elworthy, Steamship Gen. Agt., 71 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago. HARPER & KIRSCHTEN e 231 W. MONROE ST . CANADIAN PACIFIC SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Beginning and Advanced Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. Allcommercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave. , Chicago, Ill . Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Moss Briefs, Records, Trust Deeds 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago Confidential Reports HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING are the natural result of CONGESTED BLOOD A -as are many other ailments. If YOUR school day wears on you -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the BARNARD & MILLER ELECTREAT Law &Commercial Printers You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes. 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO NOT A MEDICINE. Telephone FRAnklin 0562 Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given a free demonstration at home-no obligation Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders ELECTREAT CO . Price Lists 39 W. Adams St. Wab. 0598 Page 140 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 16, 1925 $60 A Woman's Figure Is Her Greatest Charm $50 $75 18-K white gold A limited number of these rings only. mounting Biggest value ever offered. UT like all lovely B charms it is perishable. Figure lines must be cared for as carefully as the com- Xmas Gifts Buy Now and Pay Later plexion-the hair, the hands. Our 5th Floor Rent Saves You at Least 20% Dainty Gossard garments 23+ of silk, bastiste, brocade, combined with elasic, are ex- 0168 quisite additions to every wardrobe-they are lovely, VERY NEWEST STYLE-This gen- light, expressive of fastidious uine 16-jewel Hafis movement in a womanhood. beautiful 18K, 25-year guaranteed white gold case, including white The Eichorn Shop takes pride in giving expert figure gold filled bracelet band, $2750 service to women who care PEARL NECKLACE for their appearance-takes Indestructible with pride in fitting the exquisite Gossard Line of Beauty. solid 18K gold clasp. Various lengths. Up Dainty undergarments of $ from $ 10.00 all descriptions, with hosiery and ribbon novelties, make 10 Hundreds of other beautiful Xmas gifts, the Eichorn Shop a delight- including Ivory Sets, ful place to shop for wom- up- Silverware, Cigarette Cases, Onyx Rings, Sig- en's intimate garments. net Rings, etc., at regu lar cash prices . MEN'S WATCH The famous Elgin move- ment with green or white 12 gold guaranteed case in round or rectangular shape. Eichorn $22.50 9 72 East Madison Street Make Your Holiday Selec- tions Now and Let Us Hold 8 Them for You. Chicago WE.RENICH Co REPUBLIC Poredit On the Ground Floor 5th FLOOR Jewelers 209 S. STATE ST BUILDING VVVV Open Every Evening VVVI R 1U1 2c . S. POS T 26 Ja13' ID . PA CHICAGO , ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 NO . III MargaretHaley's 8 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 December 31, 1925 The Dream Is True 66 'GREAT it is to believe the dream When we stand in youth by the starry stream ; But a greater thing is to fight life through, And say at the end, ' The dream is true . ' ‫יי‬ -Anon . In memory of Catharine Goggin who left us ten years ago, January 4, 1916 00 Page 142 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 Exclusive...but notExpensive A Discount of Promotional Credits at the 10% Chicago Musical MurayBlackCo. 21 N. Ground Floor Between Madison and Washingten Allowed to School Teachers ‫الباح‬ January Reduction Sale of Luxurious Finer College HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President FUR A Conservatory Pledged to COATS the Highest Artistic Standards The Greatest Reductions ever made in the history of Chicago The most ... Fall Term Now Open stupendous values in Fur Coats ever offered Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago and the most complete Public School Teachers, leading to Promotional Credits assortment of beautiful Fur Pelts . in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orches- tral Instruments. Tuition - Private Lessons - Piano $ 100 Values to $225 $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $1.50 to Finest Trimmed $15.00 per lesson. Peltries with Students completing 40 private lesson periods Platinum Caracul Red Fox Bronze or earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1½ credit Fitch Natural Opossum Marmink Beige Squirrel Complete Catalog on Request, 60th Year Beaver Northern Seal Silver Rat Marten CARL D. KINSEY , Manager Raccoon Opossum Brown Fox Mendoza Beaver Mink-Marmot 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET Murray-Black Furs are (CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE BUILDING) Guaranteed MACLEAN COLLEGE ofMusic, Dramatic " YOU GET PERSONAL CARE and Speech Arts "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft WHEN WE WAVE YOUR HAIR. " Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Promotional Credits for Teachers . Distinctive Permanent Waving DR . J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO That leaves the hair soft and glossy with large, loose wave- GO THE no breakage, $10.00 WENZEL WAY Teachers guaranteed satisfaction For Superior Instruction in HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER WRITE OR CALL POWERS and ERICKSON Room 306, 177 No. State St. CHICAGO Harrison 8758 220 S. State St. Phone State 1887 912 StevensBldg. Superfluous Hair Can positively be forever destroyed Ihave been inbusinessfor many years-and I guarantee mywork HARADCLIFFE BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes Martha B. Dowdy Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP in theCity Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,26to No Apprentices Not a Beauty School ; Widths, 12 Teacher s "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts AAAA to EEE "Stylish Stout Outsides" FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. on hand Remodeling and Repairing Streiff&Dagobert FLORISTS, New Coats Made to Order 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph Expert Designer of Floral Art Central 6049 Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Established 1897 Disc 10 MARGARET HALEY'S Dow oolT BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 8 December 31, 1925 Page 143 Firemen Thank Teachers For Co-operation in Complaint Fire Fighters Cite Catharine Goggin Case As a result of the effort of the firemen, who pense of having extra typewritten copies made. Of course, a still greater and more important help that through their association, filed complaints has come to the firemen from the publication of their against certain under- assessed Chicago cor- demand in the Bulletin is that the firemen have got the full facts with reference to their complaint before porations , approximately $ 800,000 additional most of the teaching forces of Chicago. revenue will be placed in the public treasury. While your Bulletin and the daily newspapers have given the most important facts with reference to the The Chicago Teachers ' Federation, Federa- complaint, the arguments before the Board of Review, tion of Labor, Board of Education and City and the result as announced by the Board, it occurs to me that in the rush of the holiday season many of Chicago , through their representatives, co- teachers probably did not read the newspaper accounts operated with the firemen when through their of the decision of the Board . Accordingly I will give the Teachers ' Federation in attorney, they appeared before the Board of as brief a space as possible the facts about the capital Review . stock fight of the firemen. About November 15th, the officers of the Firemen's Association of Chicago con- At a meeting of the Finance Committee of sulted me with reference to their request pending the City Council December 21 , the firemen before the finance committee of the City Council for an increase in salary. They explained that year after made an exhaustive report of their work, year the merit of their demand for an increase of finances and needs as compared with other salary was recognized by the aldermen, but each year the firemen had been told that the revenue of the cities . A brief survey of the firemen's action city would not warrant a raise . on filing complaint with the Board of Review I told the firemen in a general way about the his- and its result was also presented . The com- tory of the capital stock fight made by the Chicago teachers about 25 years ago when two of their num- mittee is considering the request of the fire- ber, yourself and Miss Catherine Goggin discovered men to have their salaries increased from that the Chicago teachers were in much the same situation as the firemen of Chicago are in today. the funds raised through their complaint. I explained to them that the fight then made by the Chicago teachers was to compel capital stock assess- Following is a letter from Edwin Hamil- ments to be made by the State Board of Equalization ton, attorney for the Firemen's Association, against public utility corporations in Chicago. I told summarizing the action that was taken and the firemen that there were a large number of cor- porations whose property, including the capital stock its result : value, was not assessable by the state taxing body, but came within the jurisdiction of the Board of December 23 , 1925. Assessors and the Board of Review of Cook County; Miss Margaret A. Haley, that most of these corporations had practically no Chicago Teachers' Federation, assessments placed against them for their capital stock 127 North Dearborn St., City. values and I advised that the firemen make the same kind of a fight against the corporations coming within Dear Miss Haley: - the jurisdiction of the Board of Review as the teachers On behalf of the Chicago Firemen's Association I made 25 years ago against the corporations that were want to thank the Chicago Teachers' Federation for assessable by the state taxing body. I was employed by the firemen and on Novem- their prompt and hearty endorsement of the complaint ber 24th filed the complaint, copy of which has already recently made by the firemen before the Board of appeared in the Bulletin . The Chairman of the Review in the matter of capital stock assessments of Board of Review, Mr. Charles V. Barrett, called a corporations . meeting of the Board within two hours after the The publication of the firemen's complaint in full complaint was filed and the Board indicated at once in your Bulletin was of special help to the firemen, that it was disposed to give the firemen a hearing because by securing extra copies of the Bulletin we if possible. The Chairman stated that the Board were enabled to meet the great demand for copies was about ready to close its books for the year. On of the petition without going to the trouble and ex- (Continued on Page 159) From the Masthead by The Lookout "Justice Delayed Is Justice Denied ' TO the Teachers of Chicago: On page 147 of this issue appears the it my duty to the teachers of Chicago , and photographic reproduction of the official rec- to the Committee on School Administration, ord of efficiency for the school year 1924-25 to call the fact of the existance of that rec- of Mrs. Rosa C. Starner, a teacher who com- ord to the attention of that committee when, pleted her first year of service in the Chi- in the absence of Mrs. Starner and without cago public schools on June 26, 1925 . notice to her, that Committee was about to This record, over the signature of Super- proceed to vote on a motion to postpone her intendent McAndrew, shows that Mrs. Star- hearing until June, 1926 . ner's efficiency mark for her second semester The following discussion is from the steno- of service ending in June, 1925, was "Satis- graphic record of the meeting of Decem- factory." ber 17 : Notwithstanding this record of satisfac- Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, be- tory service for the semester ending June , fore that matter is disposed of, I want to 1925, Superintendent McAndrew on June say, I do not know whether the Commit- 26, 1925, notified Mrs. Starner by letter that tee knows that at the time Mrs. Star- he would recommend to the Board that she ner's name was reported to the Board be dismissed for inefficiency ; this he did on October 14, her efficiency record was October 28 . then "Satisfactory," that is, between On July 8, 1925, in the rooms of the Board 80 and 89. I do not know whether the of Education Mrs. Starner showed me that Committee knows that. * * * * * efficiency record over the signature of Su- perintendent McAndrew and his letter of Mrs. Starner was here yesterday and June 26 to her, referred to above . had her marks with her, over the signa- I was present when the Committee on ture of the Superintendent. * * * * * School Administration. met December 15, the date set for Mrs. Starner's hearing, and I wonder, Madam Chairman, what is heard Mr. Cook, assistant attorney for the going to be the status of probationary Board of Education, read the report the Su- teachers, if, when a teacher is in her perintendent sent to the Board December second semester as a teacher, and 9. In a veiled way, it suggested postpone- marked " Satisfactory, " 80 to 89,-І ment of that hearing indefinitely or until would like to know what they are going September 2 , 1927. That report is printed to expect of probationary teachers if in this issue . I heard the Committee take teachers in that position can have action that meant postponing indefinitely . charges of inefficiency put against It was the only report on her case con- them? sidered by the Committee on December 15 , I am not talking for Mrs. Starner. I 1925, when Mrs. Starner was officially no- do not know Mrs. Starner. I do not tified to appear, and did appear, for hearing . know anything about her as a teacher. I was also present at the Committee meet- I do not profess to know. I am not in- ing two days later, December 17 and deemed terfering. These things are not mine to Dec. 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 145 interfere in. I am interested in knowing ing motion to postpone Mrs. Starners ' hear- what kind of a procedure is to be estab- ing until June 1926. A motion was adopted lished in this Board in regard to the to defer action till the next meeting of the treatment of teachers on probation, and Committee, December 29, to give Mrs. Star- if this Board now would recognize ner time to present her evidence of Satis- charges against a probationary teacher factory service . who had a record of between 80 and 89, Mrs. Starner received no notice from the marked " Satisfactory," according to the Board of Education to attend the meeting new method of marking, established in of the Committee on December 29, but she a way that I have referred to in this was present at my suggestion. With her Committee many times in the Superin- consent I presented to the Committee the tendent's office, without action by the original efficiency record , photographic re- School Board-if a teacher can be production, of which appears here, and Mrs. marked " Satisfactory," and have Starner's correspondence and other docu- charges of inefficiency against her, then ments here printed. These together with I would like to know what a probation- the Stenographic records of the meetings of ary teacher must be in order to be free December 17 and December 29 show that from liability to such charges. Mrs. Starner had asserted and reiterated , I think before this committee does any to school officials , including the Chairman recommending to the Board, it would of the Committee on School Administration , be well to ascertain whether or not the Mrs. Hefferan ; the President of the Board , statements I am making here are in ac- Mr. Ellicott ; the Superintendent of Schools, cordance with facts . If Mrs. Starner Mr. McAndrew ; and the Attorney for the was marked "Satisfactory" at the time Board, Mr. Righeimer, that she had an ef- the Superintendent reported her, at the ficiency record of satisfactory at the time time he called her down to his office in the Superintendent notified her he would June, then, I would like to know wheth- recommend to the Board that she be dis- er this Committee wants to entertain missed for inefficiency and at the time he charges against teachers on probation did so recommend her to the Board . under those circumstances ; * * * * * During the discussion Mr. Mullenbach made the following statement as shown by The Chairman : Whether there was the Stenographic record of December 29 . any little technical mistake made, I do not know, but I think they are doing Mr. Mullenbach : Madam Chairman, their best to right it. it seems to me there is a great deal to be * * * * * done before putting Mrs. Starner on trial. That is, the question whether Mr. Mullenbach : Madam Chairman, these assertions of Miss Haley's, as she as I understand it, Miss Haley says she has them here in this document, are was marked " Satisfactory ” in June, correct. If they are, why ask Mrs. Star- which means a rating of 80 to 89. Miss Haley : 80 to 89 is "Satisfac- ner to come before us ? Why does the Superintendent prefer charges of In- tory" ; and she has a record-did you see her record ? efficiency when her marks are satisfac- The Chairman : She showed me that tory ? That is the question that has to be answered by this Committee. the day after her trouble began. * * * * * On the advice of the Attorney for the Board, Mr. Righeimer, the Committee fixed Mr. Mullenbach : As far as the prin- January 12 as the date for the hearing on ciple is concerned, I am perfectly will- the charges against Mrs. Starner . ing to give an answer on that right now. If a teacher has been marked 80 to 89, The procedure that the Committee and I presume the Superintendent would not the Board establish in this Starner case prefer charges against her. If he did, I is of vital interest to every teacher in Chi- should think this Committee would not cago . hold that. As far as I am concerned as a member of the Committee, I should not entertain that. & After further discussion the Committee , on December 17, took no action on the pend- Marjan G. Hary Page 146 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 Inefficiency Charges Filed vs. Teacher With " Satisfactory" Record Hearing of Case of Rosa C. Starner Scheduled for January 12 On January 12 a hearing is scheduled on would recommend to the Board the termina- charges of inefficiency made by the Superin- tion of her services. Three days later, June tendent of Schools against a teacher and pre- 29 , Mrs. Starner obtained the record over Mr. McAndrew's signature of her satisfactory sented to the Board of Education October service for the semester ending June 26, 28, 1925 . 1925. She communicated with Mr. Ellicott, The teacher has in her possession a record president of the Board, July 9, telling him of of her efficiency rating over the signature of the notice she had received from the Superin- Mr. McAndrew, dated June 29 , 1925, show- tendent and of her record showing her serv- ing her efficiency rating for the semester end- ices to be "satisfactory." On July 15, she ing June, 1925 , to be "satisfactory . " received a reply from Mr. Ellicott saying in The teacher is Mrs. Rose C. Starner, a pro- part, "the matter of fitness of teachers in the bationary teacher, and one of the 13 teach- Chicago public schools is governed by statute ers whose dismissal the superintendent has and placed in the hands of the superintend- asked . At the meeting of the School Admin- ent. I am sure if you have any justifiable istration Committee ( of which Mrs. Helen complaint that upon the proper representa- Hefferan is chairman) December 29, Mrs. tion of the facts to the superintendent of Starner informed the committee that she had schools, careful attention will be given shown this official record of her efficiency to them." After receiving this letter, she called the Superintendent. The record was also on the superintendent and showed him her shown to the committee at that meeting . It efficiency rating over his signature . was brought out at the same meeting that A letter dated October 14, 1925, from the Mrs. Starner had shown this record to Mrs. superintendent, notified her that he had filed Hefferan on July 8 . charges of inefficiency against her and on Oc- At a meeting on December 15 the Commit- tober 28 a communication from the Superin- tee on School Administration voted to post- tendent to the Board (C12989 , Printed Pro- pone indefinitely the hearing on the charges ceedings, Page 407) contained a recommen- against Mrs. Starner. At an adjourned meet- dation for the dismissal of Mrs. Starner. A ing of the Committee on December 17, the at- letter from Mr. Righeimer, attorney for the torney for the Board of Education called the Board , notified her November 16 of the hear- committee's attention to the fact that the ing of her case December 15 . committee must set a definite date and amo- tion was made that the hearing be postponed On December 9 the Superintendent re- until June . ported to the Board recommending reference to the Committee on School Administration At this point Miss Haley asked if the com- mittee knew that at the time Mrs. Starner's for advice the question of postponing the hearing on his recommendation to terminate name was reported to the Board for dismissal Mrs. Starner's services . her efficiency rating was " Satisfactory . " The Committee then deferred action to De- Mrs. Starner received verbal notice from cember 29 to give Mrs. Starner an oppor- the Board of Education on December 15, over tunity to produce the records . the telephone , of a meeting of the School Ad- ministration Committee on that day when the On January 29 Mrs. Starner appeared be- committee would have a hearing on the rec- fore the Committee and told the attorney for the Board that she desired a hearing . It was ommendation of the Superintendent for her dismissal . accordingly scheduled for January 12 . Following are the documents most perti- History of Case nent to the case which were presented to the On June 26 a letter from the Superintend- Committee on School Administration on De- ent was sent to Mrs. Starner stating that he cember 29 : Dec. 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 147 Photographic Reproduction of Efficiency Rating Blank Efficiency marks are furnished only upon the personal re- quest of the teacher. They will not be sent by mail. 1 une 29192 25- Name . o Starver School. Halconer Your efficiency marks for the year last recorded are: hypotafution)(datiofactory ( Come Andrew ) (1924-22) Ε. 267.- 4-12-23. 10M . PETER AMORTENSON Superintee , Schools. S Above is a photographic reproduction of the efficiency rating blank obtained by Mrs. Starner June 29. Superintendent's Bulletin Dismissal of Teachers —Mrs . Rosa C. Starner Serving In Probationary Term Page 38, Supt's Bulletin, May 5, 1925. TO THE PRINCIPALS OF ALL SCHOOLS : I beg leave to recommend that you dismiss and discharge Mrs. Rosa C. Starner , a probationary em- 87 EFFICIENCY REPORTS : Copies of form E- 51 . ployee whose service is not satisfactory. "Principal's Report of Teachers' Efficiency" have been REASONS : The school law, section 138, provides sent to the schools. Principals are instructed to rate that during the first three years of service the Board $ their teachers thereon and return the same to this may dismiss or discharge any employee upon the rec- office at the close of the second week of the school ommendation, accompanied by the written reasons month of May, 1925. In preparing this report, prin- therefor, of the Superintendent of Schools . cipals are requested to observe the following : First : Mrs. Rosa C. Starner received her appointment as List of the names of the teachers alphabetically . a teacher in the public school system of this city on Second: Attention is called to Superintendent's Bulle- the second day of September, 1924, and therefore has tin-Page 150, November 6, 1924, for new ratings not completed a satisfactory probationary period of as follows : three years . Mrs. Starner has not rendered service of merit NUMERICAL FORMER NEW RATINGS sufficient to warrant the continuance of employment , EQUIVALENTS RATINGS in that her work, as a teacher, has been inefficient, Superior 96 100 Superior Excellent and she has been incompetent , and has been SO 90 - 95 Excellent recorded for the semester ending January, 1925 , by Satisfactory 80 89 Good Unsatisfactory the Principal and District Superintendent in charge ✔ 75 79 Fair of the school to which she was assigned. Inefficient 0 74 Inefficient Superintendent's Letter Notice from Mr. Righeimer June 26, 1925 . Miss Rosa C. Starner, November 9, 1925 . Des Plaines , Mrs. Rosa C. Starner, Illinois . Des Plaines , Illinois . Dear Miss Starner : Dear Madam: The Board of Superintendents has given careful We have been directed and empowered by the Com- consideration to your record and to the statements mittee on School Administration to advise you that made by you at the hearing. I am sorry to advise the Superintendent of Schools has filed with the Board you that I feel constrained to recommend to the of Education of the City of Chicago a recommendation Board of Education the termination of your services that you be dismissed from the service as a school as a teacher in the public schools of Chicago. teacher ; that this matter has been referred to said The Law provides "that during a probationary Committee on School Administration; that said Com- period of three years the Board may dismiss or dis- mittee has appointed the 15th day of December, 1925, charge any such probationary employe upon recom- at 2:00 o'clock P. M. , as the time for the considera- mendation accompanied by written reasons of the tion of said recommendation and has fixed No. 650 Superintendent of Schools." You may consult your South Clark Street, Chicago , Illinois, the Administra- records in this office at any time. tion Building of the Board of Education, as the place (Signed) WM. McANDREW. where said meeting shall be held; that if you so de- sire, you may appear at the time and place mentioned, Proceedings of Board and you will be given the privilege of presenting to said Committee any data or information which you PROCEEDINGS BOARD OF EDUCATION desire to present, bearing on the Superintendent's OCTOBER 28, 1925 recommendation . Yours very truly (C-12989) Communication from the Superintendent (Signed) FRANK S. RIGHEIMER, Page 407. Attorney. Page 148 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 November 13, 1925. Statement of Rosa C. Starner Mrs. Rose C. Starner, Portage Park School, December 28, 1925. Chicago, Ill. On the morning of December 15, 1925, on my way "The Superintendent caused the transfer of Rose to school, I read in the Tribune of that morning this statement: C. Starner, for the purpose of giving the teacher an opportunity in new surroundings ; to show the teach- " The hearing of Rosa C. Starner, Falconer er's intention and ability to render satisfactory serv- School, has been postponed at the Superintend- ice; the particulars in which the teacher's previous ent's request because of marked improvement in service fell below a satisfactory standard were given her work." at the Falconer School . This Tribune statement was my first information "While especial attention should be paid to these that such action had been accomplished or even con- particulars, all the requirements of satisfactory teach- templated. ing need to be satisfied. Chicago is entitled to a When I arrived at Portage Park School, where I teaching service of high standard. The superintendent am teaching, the principal, Mr. Smyser, who had also is required by the law to recommend the elimination read the Tribune article, called my attention to it. of teachers whose service is not satisfactory . " Mr. Smyser thought as I did that it would not be Very truly yours , necessary for me to appear at the meeting of the ELLA C. SULLIVAN, School Administration Committee to be held that aft- ( Signed ) District Superintendent . ernoon at two o'clock. I had been notified on Novem- ber 9 , by the Attorney of the Board, Mr. Righeimer, of the meeting of the Committee to be held on that Statement from Attorney. day and hour and that my case was to be heard, that November 16, 1925. I might appear at that time and would be given the Mrs. Rosa C. Starner, privilege of presenting to the Committee any data or Des Plaines , information that I might desire to present bearing on Illinois . the Superintendent's recommendation that I be dis- My dear Mrs. Starner : missed from the service. Your letter of November 12 is at hand. The Com- About 10:30 o'clock that day ( December 15 ) I was mittee on School Administrati on has expressed its called on the telephone at the Portage Park School by willingness to give a full hearing to any teacher in a woman who said she was a clerk at the Administra- the list of those recommended for dismissal , and in tion Building of the Board of Education, and had my judgment the statements which you make in your called me to notify me that I was to appear at the Board of Education rooms at 650 S. Clark Street at letter to me could very properly be repeated to the members of the Committee. You also have the privi- two o'clock that afternoon for a hearing on my case before the Committee on School Administration. lege of being represented at the hearing by counsel, if you so desire . When this telephone message came I talked to Because of my position as attorney for the Board Mr. Smyer and he advised me to go to the meeting. of Education, I believe it would be improper for me I left school at noon and on my way to the Board to talk with you with reference to the charges , but I rooms read in the Daily News of that day the follow- shall be glad to do all in my power to enable you to ing statement : secure a full and impartial hearing on the 15th of "Because of improvement in her work under December . new conditions the name of Miss Rosa C. Starner I return herewith the notice of transfer which you has been withdrawn from the list by the Super- intendent ." enclosed. Yours very rtuly, (Copies of clippings of Tribune and News articles ( Signed) FRANK S. RIGHEIMER, of December 15, 1925, hereto attached. ) K: S Attorney. I arrived at the Board's rooms about two o'clock, Enc. the hour fixed for the hearing before the School Ad- ministration Committee. That Committee meeting began at three o'clock. I remained until the close of Superintendent to the Board that meeting. I heard Mr. Cook, the attorney for 13293 -A the Board of Education , read the report of the Super- STARNER , MRS . ROSE C.-PROBATION intendent ( 13293-A) in regard to improvement in CONTINUED my service. I had received no copy of this report TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION . nor any notice in regard to it from the Board of Education . I did not know that such a report was Ladies and Gentlemen : before the Committee on School Administration until I beg leave to I heard the Board's attorney read it in the Committee . RECOMMEND that you refer to your Committee When I heard the discussion in the Committee on on School Administration for advice and report the this report I did not understand what was being done question of postponement of consideration of my recommendation to terminate the services of Mrs. Rosa but I got the impression that the charges against me were withdrawn and I left the meeting on December C. Starner, a teacher serving on probation . 15 with that impression. REASONS : On June 26, 1925, Mrs. Starner hav- It was not until after the adjourned meeting of ing been recorded as not rendering satisfactory serv- that Committee , which was held on December 17, that ice, I conferred with her, her principal, district and I learned through unofficial sources that the charges division superintendents and deemed it to be for the against me were not withdrawn ; that they were being good of the department to recommend that her serv- held over for a hearing at some future date not speci- ice be terminated. Pending your action I transferred fied; and that my case had been again taken up by Mrs. Starner to another school and district. Today I the Committee and considered on December 17. received from this principal and district superintend- I received no notice of such consideration before ent reports of work and effort indicative of a fair December 17 and to date have not received possibility that this teacher may reach and maintain official notice of what occurred on December 17. any I a satisfactory grade. Mrs. Starner's period of pro- heard nothing in the proceedings of the Committee on bation unless sooner terminated by you will expire December 15 to indicate that consideration of my on September 2, 1927. If at that date the improve- ment of service here recorded and likely to continue case would be resumed at the adjourned session of the Committee to be held on December 17. places her on a satisfactory grade , she should enter Through unofficial sources I learned, on December upon regular tenure. Your committee on school administration intends 19 , that the Committee on School Administration on December 17 had deferred action on my case until a hearing on this case, December 15 . the next meeting of the Committee. WM. McANDREW, To date I have received no official notice of this Superintendent of Schools . postponement. (Signed) ROSA C. STARNER. December 9 , 1925. December 28, 1925. Dec. 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 149 Starne mber 1925, Stenographic Reports Give Facts In ner,h Rosa C. Starner Case Supe mprove first med Bulletin Prints Reports of School Administration Committee Meetings Scho In order that teachers may follow step by tion of my recommendation to terminate the attem step the progress of the Rose C. Starner case , service of Mrs. Rose C. Starner, a teacher meeta stenographic reports of those portions of serving on probation . meetings of the Committee on School Ad- "Reasons : On June 26, 1925 , Mrs. Star- Mr. ministration relating to the case , are here ner having been recorded as not rendering printed : satisfactory service, I conferred with her, her beb be PORTION OF STENOGRAPHIC REPORT principal, district and division superintend- OF MEETING OF THE SCHOOL AD- ents and deemed it to be for the good of the MINISTRATION department to recommend that her service be hat! COMMITTEE OF BOARD OF EDUCATION , TUES- terminated . Pending your action I trans- Ber ferred Mrs. Starner to another school and DAY, DECEMBER 15 , 1925, AT 2:00 Р. М. district . Today I received from this principal 1 and district superintendent reports of work ppes ( Meeting called to order by the Chairman, and effort indicative of a fair possibility that this teacher may reach and maintain a satis- 110 Mrs. Hefferan, at 3:00 Р. М. ) factory grade . Mrs. Starner's period of pro- b The Chairman : There was some misun- bation unless sooner terminated by you will derstanding with the Chairman of the Com- mittee about the time of the call of this expire on September 2, 1927. If at that date the improvement of service here recorded meeting . Call the Roll . and likely to continue places her on a satis- Roll call by the Secretary, Mr. Gilbert, factory grade , she should enter upon regular ‫بال‬ showed the following members present : tenure . Mr. Greenebaum, Mr. Mullenbach , Madam " Your committee on school administration Chairman ; Mrs. Gregg , ( Later) , Mr. Coath, ( Later) . intends a hearing on this case , December 15. " 1 There were also present : Mr. McAndrew, Now, Madam Chairman, I think some for- Supt. of Schools ; Mr. Bogan, Mr. Hogge, Mr. mal action should be taken on this matter, Wight, Mr. DeButts, Mr. Gonnelley, Miss as to whether or not the Committee wants to Murphy, Assistant Superintendents ; Mr. continue it generally, so to speak, or indefin- Cooke, Assistant Attorney ; Mr. Harry Smoot, itely . Attorney, representing Miss Matilda Kel- The Chairman : I will call the attention logg ; Miss Margaret A. Haley , representing of the Committee that it is the first matter re- Chicago Teachers' Federation ; Mrs. Rose C. ferred to the Committee by the Board on De- Starner, teacher. cember 9th . * * * Mr. Cooke : Madam Chairman, I think Mr. McAndrew : Will you take up the perhaps you had better continue it to some Starner case first ? subsequent meeting of this Committee so that The Chairman : Yes, we are ready to take at that time it can be taken up and then con- that up in routine. tinued for another definite date . * * * The Chairman : I think what the Super- Mr. Cooke : Now, Madam Chairman, the intendent asked for is a continuation of pro- case of Mrs. Rose C. Starner : The Superin- bation for Mrs. Starner. tendent of Schools presented the Attorney of Mr. Cooke : In other words, that would the Board with a copy of a recommendation amount to a withdrawal, as I take it, Mr. which went to the Board at its last meeting, Superintendent, of your charges, would it ? namely, December 9th, 1925 : I will read a Mr. McAndrew : No. portion, the gist of it : " I beg leave to recom- The Chairman : Her probation is con- mend that you refer to your Committee on tinued, and if at the end of the year they see School Administration for advice and report fit to bring her before the Committee for trial the question of postponement of considera- again, I think— Page 150 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 . Mr. Cook : Well, that is all right, if they Starner's name for inefficiency. Mr. Cooke, intend to come in again ; but I mean if you will you instruct us a bit on that ? want to keep this present proceeding alive, Mr. Cooke : Madam Chairman and Mem- I think you ought to continue it to a certain bers : If you will recall, the other day when date, and then at that time you could con- you had the hearing in the Kellogg case, there tinue it again indefinitely ; continue it from were some other teachers whose trials had time to time . been set for the same date, namely, December Mr. McAndrew : Continue it to such date 15th . Three of the other four were pro- as the Superintendent recommends . bationary teachers . In the case of Mrs. Rose The Chairman : Mr. Superintendent, I C. Starner, the Superintendent of Schools understood the report to mean that we should submitted a supplemental recommendation, concur in your recommendation for a con- as follows : tinued probation. That is all the Committee has to do, is it not? Is there anything differ- "I beg leave to recommend that you ent from that ? Then, what is your pleasure refer to your Committee on School Admin- about the probation of Mrs. Starner ? istration for advice and report the question Mrs. Gregg : I move that we concur in of postponement of consideration of my the Superintendent's request. recommendation to terminate the service Mr. Greenebaum : Second . of Mrs. Rose C. Starner, a teacher serving The Chairman : Any discussion on that ? on probation. " Call the roll, Mr. Secretary. Concur in the Now, then, pursuant to the recommenda- Superintendent's recommendation to extend tion of the Superintendent of Schools, this the probation of Mrs. Starner. Committee deemed it advisable to allow Mrs. (Roll call showed the following vote : Mrs. Starner's probationary period to continue, Gregg , Aye ; Mr. Greenebaum , Aye ; Mr. and, in the meantime , as I understand it, to Mullenbach, Aye ; Mr. Coath, Aye . Madam indefinitely postpone hearing of the charges Chairman, Aye. Five Ayes ; no Noes . ) preferred against her. Of course , she being a probationary teacher , is not entitled to the STENOGRAPHIC REPORT OF PORTION same kind of a hearing as is accorded teach- OF MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE ON ers who have served their three years proba- SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION, OF tion ; but, nevertheless, inasmuch as this THE BOARD OF EDUCATION , Committee has seen fit to accord her the HELD THURSDAY, DE- privilege and courtesy of coming in here and CEMBER 17, 1925, offering anything in mitigation of the charges RELATING TO that she might desire to or be able to, the CASE OF Attorney of the Board is in accord with my MRS . ROSE C. STARNER notion that this Committee should take some definite action with reference to a specific Meeting called to order by The Chairman, date to which the hearing should be con- Mrs. Hefferan, at 3:00 Р. М. tinued . In other words , the recommendation Roll-call showed the following members of the Superintendent of Schools, that the present : probationary teacher be allowed to continue Mrs. Gregg, indefinitely, was adopted by the committee ; Mr. Greenebaum , but that does not dispose of the charges Mr. Mullenbach, which were formally preferred against Mrs. Mr. Coath, Starner by the Superintendent. So that the Mrs. Hefferan, Chairman. charges will either die because of the fact that they are not disposed of at this time by The Secretary : Number 4 was disposed of continuing them to a specific date, or by be- at the last meeting . ing withdrawn through the recommendation (Note : Number 4 is : 13293-A) Starner, of the Superintendent of Schools . If the Mrs. Rose C. Probation Continued . (Re- Superintendent of Schools does not see fit to ferred by Mrs. Hefferan. ) withdraw his recommendation, the only thing The Chairman : No, it was not wholly dis- that the Attorney of the Board sees that can posed of, the Attorney tells me . We con- be done is for this Committee to recommend curred in the recommendation of the Super- to the Board that the hearing be continued , intendent, but it also has to be disposed of say , until some day in June next. At that legally, because we have before us Mrs. time, of course , we will have added another Dec. 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 151 school year, and terminate one at that time, when a teacher is in her second semester as and that will give the Superintendent ample a teacher, and marked "Satisfactory, " 80 to time in which to determine whether or not 89,-I would like to know what they are go- she is making progress toward efficiency . ing to expect of probationary teachers if The Chairman : How would the motion teachers in that position can have charges of read ? inefficiency put against them ? I am not Mr. Coath : I move that the charges pre- talking for Mrs. Starner . I do not know Mrs. ferred against Rose C. Starner be deferred Starner. I do not know anything about her Kuntil the first meeting of the School Admin- as a teacher. I do not profess to know . I ✓istration in June, with privilege of further am not interferring . These things are not consideration . That is what the Attorney mine to interfere in. I am interested in wants ? knowing what kind of a procedure is to be Mr. Cooke : Yes ; that is what I am trying established in this Board in regard to the to say. treatment of teachers on probation, and if Mr. Coath : I move the charges preferred this Board now would recognize charges against Mrs. Rose C. Starner be deferred against a probationary teacher who had a until the first meeting of the School Admin- record of between 80 and 89 , marked "Satis- istration Committee in June with privilege to factory, " according to the new method of bring the matter up before, if conditions marking-established in a way that I have warrant . referred to in this Committee many times, in Mr. Cooke : If I might add : I think that the Superintendent's office, without action by this action should be reported back to the the School Board, if a teacher can be Board with the recommendation that the marked "Satisfactory," and have charges of Board concur in the action taken by the Com- inefficiency against her, then I would like to mittee on this recommendation. know what a probationary teacher must be Mr. Coath : It will have to come back to in order to be free from liability of such the School Administration . charges . I think before this Committee does Mr. Cooke : Yes . any recommending to the Board, it would be Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, before well to ascertain whether or not the state- that matter is disposed of, I want to say, I ments I am making here are in accordance do not know whether the Committee knows with facts. If Mrs. Starner was marked that at the time Mrs. Starner's name was re- "Satisfactory" at the time the Superintendent ported to the Board her efficiency record was reported her, at the time he called her down ✓ "Good" ; that is, it was what was called to his office in June, then, I would like to "Good" before the Superintendent's office know whether this Committee wants to en- changed the designation of the marks from tertain charges against teachers on proba- 80 to 89 ; it was “Good," but he changed tion under those circumstances ; and if they the designation to "Satisfactory" ; and at the do, then, I think it is only competent for this e time Mrs. Starner's name was reported to the Board to ask the Superintendent to prefer ✓ Board on the 14th of October, her efficiency charges against every teacher on probation record was then "Satisfactory, " that is, be- who is marked from 80 to 89 , "Satisfactory, " tween 80 and 89. I do not know whether at the time the charges were preferred . - the Board knows that . I do not know why Mrs. Starner should Mrs. Starner taught one year in the schools. be put in a class and treated differently Her first record of her efficiency was "Fair, " from other teachers. when the marks, 75 to 79 , were designated The Chairman : I think what Mrs. Starner "Fair " ; she was marked "Fair." She was has not brought to the recognition of the not marked "Unsatisfactory." She was here members of the Board she has brought be- yesterday and had her marks with her, over fore these people, that the Superintendent - the signature of the Superintendent. mentions her case and he has taken it up The first time Mrs. Starner was called and brought it before us. I do not know down to the Superintendent's office her record that we can do anything excepting what is of efficiency was "Satisfactory" ; and it was before us . "Satisfactory" at the time it was reported Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, Mrs. Star- to this Board . ner was here yesterday ; she had her report I wonder, Madam Chairman, what is going with her yesterday ; her case was disposed to be the status of probationary teachers, if, of yesterday, or mentioned,- MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 Page 152 The Chairman : Have you seen it ? where nobody is certain what is going to Mr. Mullenbach : I understand Mrs. Star- happen next. If a teacher who is efficient, ner had asked, or put in a plea to have the who is marked "Satisfactory " at the time case set over. charges are preferred, is open to charges, then there are four or five or six thousand Mr. Coath : We are acting in Mrs. Star- teachers in this city who are open to charges. ner's favor . There is no question about that. I think Miss Haley : Well , I do not think you are that is a serious matter. I think this Com- doing favors to teachers in the city if you mittee ought to find out whether Mrs. Star- are going to have inefficiency charges against ner was marked "Efficient. " I wonder if the a probationary teacher who is marked "Satis- Attorney for the Board knows. factory, " at the time. I am not as interested Mr. Greenebaum : We have it officially in Mrs. Starner's case as I am in the pro- right here, Miss Haley. It says : “ On June cedure . Even if Mrs. Starner is willing to 26, 1925, Mrs. Starner having been recorded waive her rights—she has seen members of as not rendering satisfactory service, I con- the Board and she has shown her record, I ferred with her, her principal, district and am told . Even if Mrs. Starner is willing to division superintendents and deemed it to be waive her rights, I do not think that teachers for the good of the department to recom- of the city ought to permit that kind of pro- mend that her service be terminated . " cedure to be established . I think it was a Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, that is blunder somebody made in preferring just exactly the reason I am saying this, be- charges against Mrs. Starner when she had cause Mrs. Starner has a record of "Satis- a record of "Satisfactory " at the time . No factory , " was marked "Satisfactory." It is charges were preferred against the teachers a record from the Superintendent's office that who were “ Unsatisfactory " in the first se- on that very day shows that she was "Satis- mester only -ending January 30th , 1925 . factory . " Now, if her record on that date was Mr. Coath : It would seem to me the Edu- "Satisfactory, " the official record in the office cational Department, Miss Haley, is request- of the Board -she certainly had a copy of it, ing that this matter be continued, rather I am not mistaken, for I saw it—now, if the than press it. There are facts and condi- Superintendent can report a teacher like that tions, which, it is humanly possible never can " Unsatisfactory, " I think it is a serious situa- be met, and maybe they are using this as a tion. I believe this Committee ought to ascer- diplomatic way to give Mrs. Starner a chance tain whether Mrs. Starner,— to rest up and come back and be reinstated . Mr. Coath : Let me ask a question, Miss I think the tendency of the whole thing is one Haley : Is this the lady that Miss Murphy- of kindness towards Mrs. Starner . Miss Haley : No ; that is another one en- Miss Haley : Well , Madam Chairman, I tirely. think Mr. Coath has the wrong teacher in Mr. Coath : I am a little confused on this mind. Mrs. Starner does not need any matter, Madam Chairman, and being con- resting up . She is in school, isn't she ? fused I will withdraw my motion, and leave The Chairman : Yes, she is out at Portage it to some other member who is familiar to Park . make the motion . Miss Haley : She is in school . You have Mrs. Gregg : What are the marks which the wrong teacher in mind . are " Satisfactory, " Mr. DeButts . Mr. Coath : Yes ? Mr. De Butts : Madam Chairman,— The Chairman : Miss Haley, I personally The Chairman : Just a moment. I have went out and saw Mr. Smyzer and took up the facts from the Superintendent . the matter, as Mr. Smyzer reported it to me, Miss Haley : 80 to 89 , Mrs. Gregg. and the Superintendent, Miss Murphy, and The Chairman : Mr. Greenebaum, pass did what I could down there . Whether there these out to the members, please. was any little technical mistake made, I do ( Mr. Greenebaum handed a paper to each not know, but I think they are doing their member. ) best to right it. The Chairman : Does that explain ? "Un- Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, as I said satisfactory" is 79—the Old "Fair, " 75 to 79. before, I am not interested in Mrs. Starner's The old "Fair" mark is "Unsatisfactory." case . I am interested in seeing established Mrs. Gregg : Does she stand alone on that no more of these precedents that endanger other mark ? the whole teaching body ; and conditions The Chairman : Does she what ? Dec. 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 153 Mrs. Gregg : Does she stand alone ? Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, I did not Mr. Mullenbach : Madam Chairman, as I say her rating was changed . I said she has an understand it, Miss Haley says she was official rating, over the signature of the marked " Satisfactory " in June, which means Superintendent, that her work for the semes- a rating of 80 to 89 . ter ending June 30th , 1925 was " Satisfac- Miss Haley : 80 to 89 is "Satisfactory" ; tory " ; and these charges were brought on and she has a record, did you see her rec- October 14th, to the Board . ord? The Chairman : Well, didn't she appear The Chairman : She showed me that the down at the central office with her marks to day after her trouble began ; she came in prove that they had made a blunder ? It here with a record that she received from seems to me all they need to do is to look it the Principal's office, this last one . up . Miss Haley : I do not mean the princi- Miss Haley : Why doesn't this Committee pal's ; I mean the record that she went down discharge these if there is a blunder down to the Superintendent's office and got ; she there, why do they continue them ? got it on the regular official blank. The Chairman : We do not know there is The Chairman : Why didn't she bring it a blunder. when these proceedings were up to extend Miss Haley : Why doesn't the Committee her probation ? Why didn't she bring that investigate it ? before the Superintendent ? Mr. Greenebaum : Mrs. Starner has cer- Miss Haley : That matter was disposed tainly not stated there is a blunder. of as it was today. Miss Haley : She has certainly stated it to me . The Chairman : No , no . I mean, while this was up . This has been going on— Mr. Mullenbach : She has not stated it Miss Haley : She had it here in this room to us . yesterday with her. Miss Haley : Well, Madam Chairman, is it The Chairman : She took no exception to a blunder if her marks are "Satisfactory " at the close of June , 1925 —if her marks were our action yesterday. We really took action concurring in the Superintendent's report. " Satisfactory" in the Superintendent's office should charges be preferred against her on She did not come to any of us . the 14th of October ? Do you think that is Miss Haley : Madam Chairman , I am not fair ? talking for Mrs. Starner. I am not interested Mr. Greenebaum : If she has evidence in Mrs. Starner's case as such . I am in- showing that a blunder has been made, why terested in knowing whether this Committee doesn't she produce that evidence ? She has is going to entertain charges of inefficiency not presented any evidence of any kind to against teachers on probation, who may be us to indicate that a blunder has been made . discharged without even investigation, when We have the Superintendent's statement that those teachers' marks at the time the charges her record was not satisfactory in June. were filed were " Satisfactory. " I think that Now, if she has evidence to the contrary she ought to be looked into, Madam Chairman. should produce it to this Committee . I think it is a serious matter. Miss Haley : Well, Madam Chairman, I The Chairman : What is your pleasure ? am perfectly certain it would not be possible Mr. Mullenbach : As far as the principle for her to secure the evidence over the sig- is concerned, I am perfectly willing to give nature of the Superintendent from any other an answer on that right now. If a teacher place but the official source, and she cer- has been marked 80 to 89, I presume the tainly has that ; she had it here yesterday. Superintendent would not prefer charges The Chairman : What is your pleasure ? against her. If he did, I should think this Mr. Coath : May we have this matter Committee would not hold that. As far as postponed until we can settle that question ? I am concerned as a member of the Com- Because even if Mrs. Starner is satisfied, I mittee, I should not entertain that. think the precedent is a wrong precedent. I Mr. Greenebaum : We have here, Madam think it is very bad for a teacher to feel that Chairman, the statement of the Superinten- that kind of- dent to this effect : "No ratings recorded The Chairman : What is your pleasure ? against the name of any teacher have been Mr. Mullenbach : I do not see what harm changed . " That is his statement. there would be in postponing action on the Page 154 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 matter, Madam Chairman, but I think it is up The Chairman : Yes . to Mrs. Starner to present her facts . Miss Haley : Before the close of the meet- Miss Haley : I will be glad, Madam Chair- ing of the Committee on December 17th,— man, to verify what I said . The Chairman : Did Mrs. Starner tell you Mr. Mullenbach : I do not think it is up to to bring this in ? the Committee really to take it in this second- Miss Haley : Yes, Madam Chairman. hand fashion . Mr. Coath : Could not the matter be set- The Chairman : As representing her ? tled by referring it to the Superintendent and Miss Haley : I am, Madam Chairman, I ask him whether he felt it would be right ? am representing her and I am representing the other teachers . Would that ease it any ? The Chairman : I don't know . I am will- The Chairman: Did the Secretary let Mrs. Starner know what we desired of her ? ing to do whatever you determine . Mr. Greenebaum : I am willing to give Mrs. The Secretary : Yes . Starner further time to present any evidence The Chairman : Through a communica- tion? she may have . We do not want to do her an injustice. The Secretary : Yes. Mrs. Gregg : Let's defer it. The Chairman : Well, Miss Haley, we Mr. Greenebaum : Defer until the next have no-unless Mrs. Starner communicates meeting of the Committee . directly with the Board, I do not see any rea- The Chairman : So ordered . Go ahead, son why she should communicate with you Miss Flynn . and you with us . Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, Mrs. STENOGRAPHIC REPORT OF MEETING Starner is here . She has received no notice OF THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION of the postponement of her hearing since COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF December 17th . EDUCATION , OF THE CITY OF The Chairman : Is she here ? CHICAGO , HELD IN THE Mr. Righeimer : Does she want it today ? BOARD ROOMS , 650 SOUTH Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, I ask to CLARK STREET, ON TUES- be heard . I notified this Committee at the DAY, DECEMBER 29th, 1925 , last meeting that I had seen Mrs. Starner's AT 3:00 Р. М. record of efficiency on July 8th . ( I did not say on July 8th , at that time ) ,—1925 — and The meeting was called to order ( at 3:20 at the time Mr. McAndrew brought charges P. M. ) by the Chairman, Mrs. Hefferan, who against her- presided . The Chairman : Well , just a minute— Roll call by Miss Flynn, Acting Secretary, Miss Haley : May I please state- showed the following members present : The Chairman : Just a minute . I want to Mrs. Gregg, Mr. Greenebaum, Mr. Mullen- see, what communication, if any, Miss Flynn, bach , Mr. Coath , ( Later) , Madam Chairman . was sent Mrs. Starner relative to the action There were also present : we took. Did you send her anything at all ? Mr. Bogan, Asst. Supt. of Schools ; Mr. De Miss Flynn : No. Butts , Mr. Wight, Miss Margaret Haley, Miss The Chairman : Is Mrs. Starner present ? Annise Slattery, Mrs. Rose A. Starner, and Mrs. Starner : Right here. others . The Chairman : Did you receive any word The Secretary : Four members present. from this Board ? The Chairman : Proceed . Mrs. Starner : No m'am . * * * * * The Chairman : Nothing of any kind ? The Secretary : Report No. 3 A- 13293 Mrs. Starner : Nothing at all. Starner - Mrs . Rose C.-Probation Continued The Chairman : I see . (Deferred to give Mrs. Starner further time Mrs. Starner : But I understood-I was to present any evidence she may have con- here at the meeting, December 15th, and I earning her marks at the time charges were understood from the talk that the case was preferred ) . dismissed , and I was rather surprised to The Chairman : Has anyone received any- learn that it was not dismissed . thing from Mrs. Starner ? The Chairman : Your probation was ex- Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, may I say tended until June, when the matter would be a word ? taken up . Dec. 31 , 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 155 Mrs. Starner : But I have had no report. I said, " I have a grade of ' Satisfactory ." He Mr. Righeimer : Ask her if she wants a said, " Mrs. Starner, I have a right to call trial. you any time I wish, as Superintendent." The Chairman : You ask her, Mr. Attor- Then I said, "Well, Mr. McAndrew, it seems ney. to me there is a blunder there." He said, Mr. Righeimer: Are you insisting, Mrs. " Well, perhaps there has been, Mrs. Starner, Starner, on being tried on the charges filed but if you wish, you have a chance of a by the Superintendent of Schools ? hearing before school opens in the fall . " Mrs. Starner : I want to know why I was Then also, during the summer, I went to tried when my last efficiency mark was "Sa- Mr. De Butts' office and talked to a young tisfactory." lady there and asked her what I had better Mr. Righeimer : You were not tried at all . do . She said, " Mrs. Starner, we have heard e Mrs. Starner : Why was I taken up ? nothing at all." She said, "Go right along Mr. Righeimer : The question is, do you to the Falconer School and take up the work want a trial ? If you do, this Committee will there until you are transferred. " Well then , take action in fixing a date for the trial, I on September 28th I was transferred to the understand. That is all . Portage Park School . I went to the Portage Mrs. Starner : Well, the only thing, I don't Park School and I was there just a few like this hanging fire so long . weeks when I got word from Mr. McAndrew Mr. Mullenbach : Madam Chairman, it that I was to be tried, or, asking the Board seems to me there is a great deal to be done to dismiss me for Inefficiency. before putting Mrs. Starner on trial. That Mr. Righeimer : It seems to me, Madam is, the question whether these assertions of Chairman, you are trying this case, and you 1 Miss Haley's, as she has them here in this are trying the case one sided now. If you document, are correct. If they are, why ask are going to hear anybody on these charges, Mrs. Starner to come before us ? Why does you ought to hear everybody . the Superintendent prefer charges of In- The Chairman : Now, I want to know efficiency when her marks are Satisfactory ? what is your pleasure. Here is a written That is the question that has to be answered statement of facts, brought in by Miss Haley, by this Committee. will you accept them and send one copy Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, I am pre- to the Superintendent ? What is your pleas- pared to sustain the statement I made to ure in this matter ? this Committee and I wish to have an op- Miss Haley : Madam Chairman, I wish to portunity to do so. I stated to this Com- explain that these documents, that I hold mittee, on December 17th, that at the time are original documents signed by the people . Mrs. Starner was notified by Mr. McAndrew The Chairman : I think you have stated that her services were unsatisfactory, that that. Mrs. Starner's record of efficiency in the Su- Miss Haley : Here is a letter from the perintendent's Office was " Satisfactory. " I President of the Board of Education, ac- have the proof of my statement. Madam knowledging the receipt of Mrs. Starner's Chairman, I will present that to the Com- complaint. That was on July 15th . Follow- mittee, but I wish to retain the original for ing that, Mrs. Starner reported to the super- Mrs. Starner. I am presenting it for the intendent in accordance with Mr. Ellicott's Committee to see the record of Efficiency of suggestion. Here is another record— Mrs. Starner on June 25th, 1925 , over the The Chairman : No, I will have to rule you out of order. signature of the Superintendent. I will show you that it is " Satisfactory, " and these are Mr. Mullenbach : I think, Madam Chair- copies that I have presented- man, my suggestion is in order, that we ought The Chairman : I would like to ask you,. to set a time when the Superintendent can Mrs. Starner did you bring that record to the come in and explain to us these charges . Superintendent's notice ? The Chairman : Yes . Mrs. Starner : Yes m'am . Mr. Mullenbach : If they have no validity, The Chairman : You brought it to his they cannot stand. notice ? Miss Haley : I want to say again, and I Mrs. Starner : Yes . want to say it for the record, I was present The Chairman : What was his reply ? on December 15th , when I heard the action Mrs. Starner : I said to Mr. McAndrew, by the Committee , and heard the indefinite "Why was I called down to that meeting ? " postponement of Mrs. Starner's case . I was Page 156 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 here on the 17th of December when I heard Mr. Mullenbach : And set a time, an Mr. Cooke call the attention of the Com- early date next month. mittee to the fact that they must postpone Mr. Righeimer : What date are those that case to some definite time , and then a other matters set for ? motion was made to fix the definite time, The Chairman : January 12th . which was next June . I made the objection, Mr. Righeimer : Will that be satisfactory , Madam Chairman, that Mrs. Starner was Mrs. Starner ? marked "Efficient. " Her record of Efficiency Mrs. Starner : I think so . was known to me and it was known to the Mr. Righeimer : January 12th. Well tell Chairman of this Committee because on the us now. We want to consult your conveni- same day that Mrs. Starner showed it to me, ence . July 8th, she showed it to Mrs. Hefferan Mrs. Starner : Yes, sir . right in this building ; and I said [ on Decem- Mr. Righeimer : We want a time when it ber 17th ] , "If Mrs. Starner, who is marked is satisfactory to you . Efficient, marked "Satisfactory, " at the time Mrs. Starner : Yes, sir, I will be here Jan- these charges were brought against her, can uary 12th . have such a charge as that brought, then Mr. Righeimer : January 12th , at two any teacher in the system, among these eight o'clock, Mrs. Hefferan ? thousand that are marked "Satisfactory" are The Chairman : Two o'clock. liable to have that kind of a charge at any Mr. Righeimer : All right. time and will have to come in and make a Mrs. Gregg : I second that motion . showing ; if that is to be the case, then we The Chairman : Make your motion again, ought to know. " I told you , Madam Chair- Mr. Mullenbach . man, I was speaking on behalf of the other Mr. Mullenbach : My motion is that we teachers ; I did not know anything about rescind the action of the last meeting settling whether Mrs. Starner was satisfied with that Mrs. Starner's hearing for June , and that it disposition of her case. When I left this be advanced to January 12th, at two o'clock. Committee I called Mrs. Starner and she The Chairman : The hearing to be ad- came to see me . I asked her if she was satis- vanced to January 12th, at two o'clock. Call fied with that kind of thing . She said the roll. she was not satisfied with it, that she was The Secretary : Mrs. Gregg. not asked anything about it, that she did not Mrs. Gregg : Aye. know anything about what was being done The Secretary : Mr. Greenebaum . on December 15th, and she could not tell be- Mr. Greenebaum : Aye . cause she was not sent that report of the Su- The Secretary : Mr. Mullenbach . perintendent. Mr. Mullenbach : Aye . The Chairman : This is deferred for- The Secretary : Mr. Coath . Mr. Righeimer : Well, I suggest, Madam Mr. Mullenbach : Aye . Chairman, if in line with what Mr. Mullen- Mr. Coath : Aye . bach stated, this seems to be the only fair The Secretary : Madam Chairman . way to end this controversy, in view of the The Chairman : Aye. fact that this postponement was apparently The Secretary : Five ayes . No noes . made without consultation with Mrs. Starner, and she was not here, if this Committee has MRS . STARNER NOTIFIED set the date of Mrs. Starner's trial for some Following is the notice of the date of the time in June, that the Committee reconsider hearing sent Mrs. Starner December 30 : that action and set the matter of the hearing December 30, 1925. Mrs. Rosa C. Starner, on her charges at some early date and then Desplaines , have the Superintendent here , and proceed Illinois . Dear Madam: - to dispose of it in one way or the other. The Committee on School Administration, at its That seems to be the fairest way to handle meeting of December 29, 1925, set the time JAN- this thing . UARY 12, 1926, at 2 p. m., for a hearing of the charges preferred against you by the Superintendent The Chairman : What is your pleasure ? of Schools , at which time you may present any in- Mr. Mullenbach : formation or data you may have bearing on the Sup- Madam Chairman I erintendent's recommendation . move that the Committee rescind its action This action was taken by the committee pursuant postponing the hearing of charges against to the request made by you at its meeting on said date. Very truly yours , Mrs. Starner until June— ( Signed ) Chas. E. Gilbert, Mr. Righeimer : And set the date. Secretary. De Dec. 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 157 at ** Omission in Printed Proceedings Called are to Attention of Board Secret Marking of Teachers also Re- presented to the Board of Education Under new business at a meeting of the shows that this report is not printed in the proceed- ings of the Board of Education as it was presented to Board of Education December 23, Mr. English the Board nor is the action of the Board on the emb read a communication which is here printed, report, as shown in the stenographic record, printed in the proceedings . calling the Board's attention to an omission The complete stenographic record of the discussion in the Printed Proceedings of the Board's in the Board on this report, on October 28, is meeting of October 28, 1925. printed in Margaret Haley's Bulletin of October 31 , marked copy of which is enclosed. 3 Mr. English moved the reconsideration of The affidavit of the stenographer certifying to the correctness of the stenographic report is enclosed the approval of the minutes of October 28 . herewith . Action was postponed by the Board . The stenographic report shows that the following words were contained in the report B- 12989 as pre- Following is the letter in regard to the sented to the Board : "Herewith are the written charges submitted 1. omission in the Proceedings : by the Superintendent against the following named teachers " : December 22, 1925. To the Honorable Then follow the names of thirteen teachers . The Board of Education at its meeting on De- The Board of Education, cember 9 approved the printed proceedings of City of Chicago . October 28. As the printed proceedings of De- Ladies and Gentlemen : cember 9 will not be available until the meeting Your attention is respectfully called to an omission of the Board tomorrow, December 23, and as the in the printed proceedings of the Board of Educa- stenographic report of the proceedings of Decem- tion of October 28, 1925, pages 405, 406, Report ber 9 have not been before me until today I have No. B- 12989 being a report of the Committee on availed myself of the earliest opportunity to call the School Administration . error to your attention. Respectfully submitted, The stenographic record of the discussion in the meeting of the Board of Education on this report, (Signed ) Margaret A. Haley. when it was presented to the Board on October 28 , (Continued on Page 158 ) Breezes Reveal Injustice of Teacher Retirement Plan Minister on Radio Scores Emeritus Service Which He Calls a Makeshift Even the air these days is recording action when I was on the Board and foolish things have been done since then BUT NOTHING AS UNREASON- taken by the superintendent of schools and ABLE , FOOLISH and BAD as was done last week Board of Education affecting teachers . when a number of leading educators , teachers , on six weeks ' notice were deprived of their situations . This was MOST UNJUST. Tuning in on the ether waves Sunday, Dec. 14, a teacher transcribed the following ex- Why was this done ? The Board of Education was deadlocked over Campbell. Mr. McAndrew presented tracts from an address made by Reverend R. a proposition. I believe he was only bluffing . The A. White, pastor of the People's Liberal Board of Education called Mr. McAndrew's bluff. The proposition came from McAndrew. Church, Englewood, just before his sermon : Only the removal of What was accomplished ? Campbell. Some of our best educators were finest at " I was a member of the Board of Education for 70 years . Not 70 years but health should be con- several years . I suppose foolish things were done sidered ." Page 158 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 (Continued from Page 157 ) Affidavit of Reporter There IS a Reason Why Socket Fit Shoes fit and satisfy. STATE OF ILLINOIS) sss. They are the only shoes with a COUNTY OF COOK moulded arch that fits the contour of the JOHN J. McCORMICK, being first duly sworn on foot. Com- oath, deposes and says that he is a shorthand re- fort In Ev- porter engaged in general shorthand reporting in Cook ery Step County and elsewhere, and has been so engaged for because more than ten years last past; that he reported in they fit the shorthand the proceedings of the Board of Education the foot in of the City of Chicago at a meeting of said Board its normal condition. of Education held on Wednesday, October 28, 1925 ; that the printed report of the discussion by the mem- D. C. LOCKE'S bers of the Board of Education of the City of Chi- cago, the Attorney and Secretary of said Board of In the SOCKET FIT Education relating to Report No. B- 12989 -Efficiency Formerly Records-Teachers Reported for Dismissal-Appoint the Committee to Proceed with Trial-being a report of Lobby SHOE STORE College the School Administration Committee of the Board Shops Boot of Education of the City of Chicago, as printed in Bldg . 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Shop Margaret Haley's Bulletin of October 31 , 1925, ap- CHICAGO, ILLINOIS pearing on pages 71, 72, 77 and 78 of said Margaret Haley's Bulletin of said date, is a true, full and complete report of his shorthand notes so taken at said time on the discussion of said report . Now Is the Time to Select Your (Signed ) John J. McCormick. Fur Coat Subscribed and sworn to before me this 22d day Many Beautiful Models to Choose From at of December, 1921 . STAEDTER'S (Signed ) E. A. Eulass, 17 N. State St. 1302 Stevens Bldg. Notary Public. Mr. English also read a communication from the Chicago Teachers' Federation in re- gard to secret marking of teachers. The Your protection when buying lug- communication was published in the Decem- ber 16 issue of The Bulletin . The communication was referred to the gage is assured- when that luggage 28 E.RANDOLPHST. Taylor's NEW YORK EST. 1859 CHICAGO is Taylor-made. Committee on Rules and the Committee on School Administration. At the meeting of the School Administration Committee Decem- HAIR TINTING ber 29 , action was taken to have the com- By LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) munication referred to the Superintendent of Not an ordinary process-but a method, backed by years of success . proven Schools . Special Club Rates For Teachers LOIS STUDIOS Call State 5089 Room 808 . 14 W. Washington St. Deep One First Newspaper Headline Writer-Give SATURDAY CLASSES FOR TEACHERS me a synonym for "finny tribe." Mornings Our new structural design applied to standard normal about art methods , dress design, commercial design, interior Second Headline Writer-How decoration, school annual illustration. "fish" ? Afternoons-Structural design applied to industrial art methods , dress and poster design. Also still life and life sketch classes. ALL DAY TUITION $ 24.00 FOR THREE MONTHS First Headline Writer-Fine ! I never Our certificates of accomplishment have been accepted by Boards of Education and Universities for 20 years. thought of that. THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS -Life. Carl N. Werntz, Director. 81 East Madison Street. WOULD YOU FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Teachers Solicited Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? Repairing and Remodeling If so, write for information . 25 Years' Experience Designing to Individual Taste JULIA C. BRANNAN LEVEY & CO . Hayes Hotel Chicago, Ill . Republic Bldg . 209 S. State St. Circular Letters-Addressing-Mimeographing Typewriting Specializing in Mailing Service for The Most Satisfactory CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS PERMANENT WAVE Complete Mailing Campaigns Guaranteed for Years COMMERCIAL LETTER CO . Dearborn 5303-5417 Room 1344-127 N. Dearborn PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. Dec. 31, 1925 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 159 (Continued from Page 143 ) November 27th the Board agreed to hear evidence on the complaint and set the matter for December 9th . Notice was sent to each of the corporations com- plained of. Hearings were had on December 9th, The great central 10th and 11th . The first help we had from an out- side source was from the Teachers' Federation. Miss meeting place before J Haley appeared on December 9th and offered her co- operation and took part in the arguments before the Board. Alderman Nelson, who joined in the petition, and after the matinee presented a resolution before the City Council en- dorsing the complaint of the firemen and instructed the corporation counsel to appear. The Chicago Most of the things of life really worth ES Federation of Labor also endorsed the complaint of while are within reach of average pros- the firemen. Mr. Hornstein from the corporation counsel's office appeared and represented the City of perity. If one make the necessary dis- Chicago. Henry M. Ashton appeared and stated that the Board of Education desired to join in the com- tinction between things that are cheap, plaint and co-operate in the demands of the firemen. merely, and things that are not costly In the arguments before the Board nearly every i point that was made by the attorneys for the corpora- he may, without much wealth, possess tions was answered by me by referring to the decision of the Supreme Court in the famous Teachers' Case a full share of the material things that already referred to and known to lawyers as People make substantial contribution to enjoy- ex rel Goggin versus State Board of Equalization, 191 Illinois 528. This case is not only the leading case ment of life. on taxation of capital stock valuations in this state but is a landmark in the judicial decisions on taxa- 1 tion. Without the decision in the Teachers' case it is doubtful whether the firemen would have obtained favorable action on their complaint. The language of the Court in that decision is so explicit that there was no alternative before the Board of Review. HENRICI'S The Board took the matter under advisement and WM . M. COLLINS , PRESIDENT on December 18th announced that it would put on additional assessments on the corporations complained of and that the increase would amount to approxi- mately $ 18,000,000 over and above what was already 67 W. Randolph St. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets placed on said corporations . While the increased assessments made by the Board were not entirely satisfactory and were far from the real stock values of these corporations, the firemen feel that they have won a substantial victory because the total assessments made by the assessors in the BERTHA ОТТ Announces the following year 1925 against all of these corporations was CONCERT and RECITALS $925,000 . If no complaint had been filed by the fire- under her management during January RETURN ENGAGEMENT men, the action of the Board of Assessors would have Roderick White, violinist recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday been confirmed by the Board of Review. afternoon, January 3rd, at 3:30. Seats 83c, $ 1.10 , $ 1.65, $2.20, The net increase of assessments is $ 18,000,000. tax included at box office now. Ossip Gabrilowitsch, fourth of a series of six historical re- This is the full value of the capital stock as found citals with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday after- by the Board of Review. The assessed value will be noon, January 3rd, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20 , tax in- one-half of that amount or $9,000,000 . The tax rate cluded at box office now. is approximately 8.50 % ; the actual revenue will be Sylvia Lent, violinist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 10th, at 3:30. approximately $800,000. Of each $ 1 of revenue Flonzaley Quartet, third of a series of three chamber music raised in the City of Chicago, 35 % goes to the concerts , Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 10th. City, 40 cents goes to the schools and about 20 cents Frank Sheridan, pianist, recital Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon , January 17th, at 3:30 . is distributed among other taxing bodies such as the Yolanda Mero, pianiste, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday County and Forest Preserve. afternoon, January 17th, at 3:30. Tickets can be secured by addressing Accordingly approximately $ 275,000 will be paid BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. into the city treasury as the result of the firemen's fight. . Respectfully yours , (Signed) Edwin Hamilton, TR EH : HH Attorney for the Firemen's STO YOU Our ShoesOAre FOO UBLGreat Pain Association . P R T Relievers. InEstock S or Made to Order . A. SLATIN 10% toDISCOUNT Teachers MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Shoe Specialist. 4810 N. Kimball Ave. MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher At Lawrence . Keystone 9595 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 TAXI CAB SERVICE Cents. We will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHICAGO LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. the order of ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor , Suite 1335, American The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. Phone Central 3904 Page160 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dec. 31, 1925 Special Matthews Co 7.N/ 21 East Madison Street Between State andWabash to Teachers Drastic Price Reductions January Clearance Sale Buy Now - Save 35% to 50% Fur Coats Cloth Coats Values Values Reduced $89 to $200 Reduced $39 to $85 Clearance of 95 splendid fur coats Stunning fur trimmed cloth coats re- at less than half price. Coats with duced for quick clearance . Coats to contrasting fur collars and cuffs . suit all tastes all sizes and colors. Everyone a new style. We urge Buy a cloth coat for less than the your immediate inspection. cost of materials. Ask Ask About DRESSES REDUCED About Our Cloth and silk dresses reduced for Our Budget January selling. All the new high Budget Buying Plan shades as well as the more stylish ones. $35 values at $15 Buying Plan SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Beginning and Advanced Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Noss INTRODUCING ! LUNCHEON To the School Teachers of Chicago CANDIES Goodrich Dressmaking Service RICH ICE CREAMS We design, cut and fit any garment from your own Much as tho you would conceive in your own material and make ready for you to finish. Also mind the finest and most desirable things to eat partial and complete finishing services. and then find them in beautiful surround- Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone ings-moderately priced ! At My New Tea Room THE GOODRICH SHOP JULIA KING'S 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. Near Randolph St. U. S. POSTAGE 112c. PAID CHICAGO, ILLINOIS WJa25 PERMIT No. 3663 edil CO NO. de VOL. MargaretHaley's III 9 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 January 18, 1926 The Never- Old By EDWIN MARKHAM They who can smile when others hate , Nor bind the heart with frosts of fate, Their feet will go with laughter bold The green roads of the Never - Old . They who can let the spirit shine, And keep the heart a lighted shrine, Their feet will glide with fire of gold The bright roads of the Never- Old. They who can put the self aside And in Love's saddle leap and ride, Their eyes will see the gates unfold To glad roads of the Never- Old. Page 162 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 Exclusive...but not Expensive A Discount of Promotional Credits at the MurrayB-lackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor Between Madison and Washington FINAL SALE Chicago Musical of Luxurious Finer FUR College HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President COATS A Conservatory Pledged to The Greatest Reductions the Highest Artistic Standards ever made in the history of Chicago The most. stupendous values in Fur Coats ever offered ... Fall Term Now Open and the most complete Special Fall Classes and private lessons for Chicago assortment of beautiful Public School Teachers, leading to Promotional Credits Fur Pelts . in Piano, Vocal, Violin, Organ, Harmony, History of Music, Public School Music, Sight Reading, Ear $ 100 Training, Dramatic Art and Expression and Orches- tral Instruments . Tuition - Private Lessons - Piano Values to $225 $1.00 to $10.00 per lesson ; Vocal and Violin $1.50 to Finest Trimmed Peltries $15.00 per lesson. with Platinum Caracul Red Fox Students completing 40 private lesson periods Bronze or Fitch earn 1 credit-20 lessons 1½ credit Natural Opossum Marmink Beige Squirrel Beaver Complete Catalog on Request, 60th Year Northern Seal Silver Rat Marten Raccoon Opossum Brown Fox CARL D. KINSEY , Manager Mendoza Beaver Mink-Marmot 64 EAST VAN BUREN STREET Murray-Black Furs are (CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE BUILDING) Guaranteed What Are You Going to Do This Winter ? What are you going to do for amuse- very materially increase the burden ment ? You probably haven't thought on your eyes . very much about this, but the things In the process of changing our habits you have been doing this Summer and and habiliment to meet the seasonable Fall will not fit into your Winter pro- requirements, we too frequently over- gram. look the importance of having our eyes properly cared for. In all probability the major part of In order to help you in this respect let your time this Winter will be under us send you, of course without charge, artificial illumination. You will prob- our booklet, "Why Do Your Eyes Get ably get less healthful sunshine and Tired ? " We specialize and limit our service to filling Oculists' prescriptions for Glasses of Quality UHLEMANN OPTICAL COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1907 Stroh Bldg. , Home Office Mallers Bldg. Detroit, Mich. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. he MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Vol. 3. No. 9 January 18, 1926 Page 163 Assignments to Emeritus Service ‫عا‬ Adopted by Board Teachers to be Retired On February 1 , 1926 In response to the request of teachers, birth, and who, in a later report of the super- The Bulletin prints in this issue the Emeri- intendent, are shown to be under 70 . tus Service list presented by the Superin- Following is the report : tendent of Schools to the Board of Educa- 13535 -B tion and adopted by the Board January 12 . December 31 , 1925 . These principals, teachers and one examiner EMERITUS SERVICE LIST begin their Emeritus Service on February TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION . 1 , 1926. Attention is called to the fact that Ladies and Gentlemen : two of the teachers placed on Emeritus I beg leave to Service are now on the pension and four REPORT that in accordance with your rule " Emeritus others have not had 20 years of active con- Service" requiring the Superintendent of Schools on tinuous service in Chicago . the first day of January and on the first day of July, or as soon thereafter as possible, to report to the The Bulletin has deleted from the list the Board of Education in writing the names of all persons dates of birth of the persons named and also who have or will have attained the age of seventy on the first day of February or August next ensuing, the the names of the six teachers for whom the following persons, according to the records of the De- superintendent reported he had no dates of partment of Education have now attained , or will attain by February 1 , 1926 , the age of seventy years : TEACHERS , ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS NAME SCHOOL SERVICE RECORD 1. Sarah J. Ashton.. Blaine. 1874 to 1882, 1896 to date 2. Lucius M. Bassett . Harper . 12-27-1899 to date 3. Mary E. Bates .. Armstrong . ..11-8-1897 to date 4. Eliz . C. Bodle ..... Seward ... 1873 to 1889 , 1896 to date 5. Susan E. C. Clark. Burns ... 9-7-1891 to date 6. Henrietta Dupuy . Knickerbocker . 10-1874 to date 7. Mary A. Emerick ...... Sherwood.. 9-1890 to date 8. Mary O'Grady Forbes ...... ..Ogden ........ 11-26-1906 to date 9. Medora D. Gammon ... Jahn 1882 to 1893 , 1905 to date 10. Harriet C. B. Garrabrant . Ray . 1872 to 1874, 1894 to date 11. Mary R. Hecox ....... Cameron .9-12-1906 to date 12. Julia C. Howe Hayes ..... 1872 to 1878, 1879 to date 13. Lucy C. Johnstone. Shakespeare . 10-1885 to date 14. Mary Jane Jones .... Brown ... 10-1872 to date 15. Lydia A. MacDougal .. Sherman . 6-25-1902 to date 16. Frances W. McDonnell. Schiller. 5-3-1874 to date 17. Mary E. S. Mallory.. Wentworth. ..3-1893 to date 18. Mary Moran Fallon... .9-1882 to date 19. Isabel A. O'Neill.. Audubon . 10-3-1888 to date 20. Sara Elizabeth Pettee. Marshall . ... 9-1897 to date 21. Mary Elizabeth Pierce Forestville .5-8-1888 to date 22 . Fannie S. Reeder .. Hanson Park ...... 1897 to 1905, 1905 to date 23. Mary J. Scanlon ... O. A. Thorp . 1872 to 6-5-1921, 10-16-1922 to date 24. Inez E. W. Schroeder.. Eberhart .. 9-1889 to date 25. Orion C. Scott... Hammond .. 4-8-1908 to date Page 164 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 NAME SCHOOL SERVICE RECORD 26. Minnie H. D. Stockwell . Lewis - Champlain . 9-1893 to date 27. Alpha Stuart Hayes ... 5-10-1905 to date 28 . Alice Sturtevant McClellan .. ..1873 to date 29 . Louisa Tennent Dante 9-1890 to date 30. Emma T. Thomas Chopin . 10-1875 to date 31. Frank E. Tremain .. Motley .. 9-1877 to date 32 . Emma Yantis Anderson . 9-15-1885 to date SPECIAL TEACHERS 1. Harriet C. Magee . Drawing Assigned 2. Emma March 12-1887 to date Asst. Supt. Art ... TEACHERS , HIGH SCHOOL 1. Laura E. Ashleman . Austin .... 4-17-1901 to date 2. Abraham H. Conrad . Crane . .9-6-1899 to date 3. Samuel Leland ...... McKinley . 1-29-1908 to date 4. Winfield S. McKinley . Englewood . 6-25-1902 to date 5. Charles S. Taylor .... Lake View . 1-1891- to date 6. Mary W. Weisman . Medill .. 6-25-1902 to date PRINCIPALS , ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS 1. George A. Brennan Van Vlissingen .. 1876 to date 2. Augusta B. Canfield . Arnold . 1889 to 1917 , 1919 to date 3. Charles A. Cook... Belding . .6-1890 to date 4. George W. Davis . Hawthorne . 11-20-1891 to date 5. William C. Dodge ..... Alcott... 7-13-1895 to date 6. Mary E. Farson ... Hamilton.. .9-1878 to date 7. Elizabeth W. B. Fisk....... Schneider 9-1884 to date 8. Luella Heinroth . Morris 2-1876 to date 9. Adelaide E. Jordan ..... McPherson . 9-1885 to date 10. Josiah F. Kletzing .. Ravenswood . 9-1881 to date 11. Cephas H. Leach ... Jahn . 9-1889 to date 12. Daniel R. Martin. Pullman 9-1878 to date 13. John W. May....... Beale .. 9-1873 to date 14. Clara H. McFarlin. Fulton. 4-1883 to date 15 . Herbert L. Merrill ..... Cameron 10-1-1892 to date 16. Edward L. Morse . P. Sheridan . .9-1892 to date 17. Gerbrandus A. Osinga ....... Delano ... 9-1890 to date 18. Levi T. Regan .... Sherman. 9-1-1889 to date 19. John H. Stehman .. Avondale . ..9-1881 to date 20. John W. Troeger .. Irving... 8-1893 to date ASSISTANTS TO PRINCIPALS , ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS 1. Mary Burke Adams . 6-1869 to date 2. Celia M. Gilmore . Lincoln . 9-1871 to date 3. Elizabeth Matevy Goethe.. 9-1889 to date 4. Mary Anne Miller . Franklin . 2-1873 to date 5. Mary E. Thresher .... Raster . 1876-77, 1886 to date 6. Emily L. Wallenberg .. Tilton ... 1875 to date 7. Frances E. White . Dante . 1-1870 to date PRINCIPALS , HIGH SCHOOL 1. James E. Armstrong .. Englewood . 11-1-1884 to date 2. James J. Block .. Marshall ... 12-1-1881 to date 3. George M. Clayberg .. McKinley 1879 to date 4. Chester C. Dodge Hibbard ... 7-1-1881 to date 5. George H. Rockwood ... Austin . 1-1-1891 to date 6. Edward C. Rosseter .. Tilden .. 8-1-1895 to date EXAMINER 1. William H. Campbell.. .... Examiner .. 3-23-1898 to date FOR THE FOLLOWING PERSONS THERE IS NO list, subject to withdrawal on receipt of their dates of RECORD OF BIRTH : birth. Up to this time, no reply has been received The following names are included in this list with from any of them. [Then follow the names of one the possibility of withdrawal. The records of the de- principal and five teachers . ] partment in these cases are not sufficiently complete In accordance with the rule "Emeritus Service" to establish the age of the persons named. Although I beg leave to RECOMMEND that these persons , at for the past ten years no one has been admitted to the the close of January 31 , 1926, be retired from regular service without filing a record of the date of birth, classroom or supervisory service and be assigned to prior to that time such information was not required. the class of service known as "Emeritus Service" sub- The preparation of this list involved the scrutiny of ject to the call of the Superintendent of Schools or over twelve thousand cards and at a time when the the Board of Education for consultation, advice and schools were not in session ; therefore, on December 24, such other service . 1925, I sent a statement to each of the six persons with incomplete record that I would record them on this January 13, 1926. Indeed Excuse Enough . A teacher in a Chicago school received the Dear Old Lady-How do you like school, following child's excuse for absence : my little man ? "Please excuse me for not coming to school The Little Man-I like it closed, lady. yesterday . My cousin died and I had to be -Passing Show . a ball bearing for the coffin. " January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 165 " Up - An' At - 'Em !! " 1 As a result of a few words from the Busi- time that name was put on the list. When ness Representative of the Chicago Teach- it was presented it was put on the list very S ers' Federation at the meeting of the promptly, and I made up my mind then that School Administration Committee of the if any attempt was ever made to put Mr. Board of Education, Tuesday, December 29, Upham's name on a school I should then the name of Fred Upham was kept off a make this statement to the Committee : I Chicago public school. personally know of the conduct of the Board Following are excerpts from the steno- of Review under Mr. Upham because I was graphic report of the School Administration engaged with Miss Goggin, in that tax-suit Committee meeting of December 29, relative against the State Board of Equalization . I to the naming of a school for Fred Upham : personally knew Mr. Upham, in his capacity Mr. Greenebaum : The name of Fred Up- as a member and president of the Board of ham appeals to me as a name that stands Review, at that time and know that his record as a member of that board was such for something in this community. The Chairman : Make a motion ? that in my judgment this Board might very well indeed take time to inform itself about Mr. Greenebaum : Yes, I make- his methods and about the conduct of the The Chairman : You suggest Mr. Upham. Board of Review under Mr. Upham . Is there any objection to Mr. Upham ? Mr. Greenebaum : Personally, I am per- Miss Haley : Madam Chairman : I want fectly willing to pass up the name . I merely to make an objection to the name of Mr. suggested him as a man that stood for some- Upham . I want to say that Mr. Upham was a member of the Board of Review from the thing in this community ; a man of good reputation . I hold no brief for him . time it was organized in 1899, until some eight or ten years ago, when he retired Miss Haley : I think he did stand very wealthy ; and I want to say that Mr. Up- decidedly for something, but I do not think ham's record on the Board of Review does he stood for anything this Board wants to not entitle him to have his name put on a perpetuate or wants the school children to public school. I have personal first hand emulate. information, and I would have been glad Mr. Greenebaum: All right, as far as I to have given it to this Committee at the am concerned . * * * * Federation Urges Commission to Assess Capital Stock Sends Letter Calling Attention to Corporations Escaping Hot on the trail of the tax dodgers, the Chicago Teachers' Federation, on advice, deferred ac- tion before the State Tax Commission pending hearing Teachers' Federation followed up the action and determination of the Firemen's case . of the firemen in filing a complaint against The action of the Board of Review has been made public and the capital stock assessment made by that certain under- assessed corporations, by send- Board in response to the Firemen's demand will not ing the following letter to the State Tax produce sufficient revenue to give the Firemen the relief sought nor will this added assessment give the Commission : relief necessary for the schools . December 22 , 1925. An intolerable situation now exists in the schools , To the Hon. William H. Malone, and in every department of the city, due to insufficient President of State Tax Commission , revenue . In order to relieve the financial situation and to the Commission . without adding a further unjust burden of taxation to Gentlemen: - the small home owners and renters the Chicago Teach- ers ' Federation urges the State Tax Commission to The Chicago Teachers' Federation at its meeting assess the capital stock of these corporations in the on November 21 , 1925, authorized and directed its same proportion to their value as the home owners officers to take the necessary action to secure the of Chicago are now assessed. assessment by the State Tax Commission of the capi- Respectfully submitted, tal stock of corporations not now assessed on their capital stock or grossly under assessed. (Signed) Frances E. Harden, As the Firemen's Association of Chicago on Novem- Corresponding Secretary . ber 23, 1925, filed a similar complaint before the (Signed) Mary M. Abbe, Cook County Board of Review the officers of the President . From the Masthead by The Lookout " The teaching profession is a mob of mobile women meditating matrimony” -Charles H. Judd, quoted in the American Educational Digest , October, 1925. To the Teachers of Chicago: On a June evening in the year 1923 at an No public denial of these newspaper reports, exclusive down town club, after an exclusive official or unofficial, ever came from that dinner at which the new president of the then Board or any officer or member of it. new Board of Education of Chicago was host July 12, 1923, the date of those newspaper to the members, and after Mr. Charles H. reports, marks the inauguration of the prac- Judd, Director of the School of Education, tice of announcement by the newspapers, in University of Chicago , had regaled the guests advance of Board action, of the educational with his mid-summer-night's dream of educa- and administrative policies to be adopted by tional and administrative policies for the Chi- the Board of Education. cago public schools, from a quiet corner in a Occasionally a flap of the curtain momen- quiet voice came these disquieting words : tarily reveals the portly form and stentorian "There are ten thousand reasons why voice of Ventriloquist Judd behind the scenes you cannot put that program over in manipulating his Punch and Judy show. One Chicago : They are the ten thousand such revelation is a communication of August class -room teachers . " 28, 1924, on the letterhead of the Chicago Throwing out his manly chest and bringing University, addressed to Mr. Wm. McAndrew, down his heavy fist on the dinner table, Mr. Superintendent of Schools, transmitting to him Judd shouted : a report of a survey of the efficiency ratings, "When you have the right kind of a ages, experience, training and salary of the Board of Education in Chicago there will elementary teachers in the Chicago public be no trouble with the teachers ." schools, made in the summer of 1924 by a man from Missouri, one Robert E. Strickler. A few days later a public meeting of the Board of Education was held in the Board Following is his communication : rooms at 650 South Clark Street and the University of Chicago, morning newspapers the next day screamed in August 28 , 1924. two-inch headlines at the people of Chicago Mr. William McAndrew , that the Board of Education had, at its meet- Superintendent of Schools, ing the day before, considered a 9-hour day, Chicago, Illinois. a 6-day week, and all-year-round schools for Dear Sir : Chicago. On July 2, 1924, permission was grant- I attended that meeting of the Board of ed me to have access to certain records of Education and have before me the complete the Chicago schools as set forth-infor- stenographic record of the proceedings. Not mation concerning the training, experi- a report was presented nor a word uttered at ence, efficiency, and salary of the that meeting giving even a scintilla of a sus- teachers of this system. I was to examine picion that the Board, or any member of it, these and to make such study involving was contemplating, much less had officially teachers ' salaries as would entitle me to considered, such a program or any part of it. academic credit at the University of Chi- January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 167 cago. I was to report to you upon the "When, on a five-point scale, whose completion of this study. middle rank is good, we find 97.6 per My report has been confined to a small cent of the regular elementary teachers item in the whole problem of salary ad- rated as 'good' or better than ' good' justments, but I hope you may find in it should we not call into question the enough of worth to have justified your marking system ?” sufferance of me. In calling into question these records of Please accept my thanks for your per- teachers' efficiency he says that- sonal courtesy and for that of your staff. "Even if we were to assume that in Respectfully yours , this particular marking system 'good' (signed ) Robert E. Strickler. were defined to mean teaching efficiency P. S.-To comply with the academic re- only passing fair in quality we might quirements Dr. Judd has been furnished still question the reliability of these * *" a copy of the enclosed report. marks * This survey was not authorized by the Teachers should know that the title of this Board of Education . Of course it was not survey is " Robert E. Strickler on Salary Ad- called a survey. Mr. Strickler's letter shows justments, " and that this report was given out that he expected to get academic credit at officially for the use of the underground the University of Chicago on this report ; that workers on the proposed salary schedule re- = he furnished Dr. Judd a copy for this purpose . cently laid to rest. Opinions differ as to Mr. Judd, therefore, without any personal whether this rest is to be permanent or only responsibility therefor, can turn to his files temporary. and there find various tabulations made from Teachers should also know of two signifi- the original reports over the signatures of the cant things forecast in Mr. Strickler's report elementary public school principals of Chi- of his survey : First, a salary schedule based cago on the efficiency ratings of the teachers on efficiency ratings ; second, combining the of their respective schools in January, 1924, efficiency rating designated "Fair" (75 to 79) and find out how many elementary teachers with that designated "Inefficient " ( 0 to 74 ) . in the system were marked "Superior, " at A few weeks before the Strickler survey that time how many “Excellent ” how many was begun the playground directors, all of "Good, " "Fair, " or " Inefficient . " whom hold teachers' certificates, had their Mr. Strickler's report states : salary schedule so revised that advancement " Table I -A shows the distribution of in every year of that new schedule depends efficiency ratings as given by the prin- upon the efficiency rating . The Board cipals in January 1924. This is a direct adopted this new schedule on June 18 , 1924 . tabulation from the principals' reports On November 6, 1924, the Superintendent's and contains in each group at least 90 Bulletin notified the principals that, in mark- per cent of the total number of such cases ing substitutes for the Semester, the ra- in the city. The grade classification is ting "Fair " ( 75 to 79 ) was changed to " Un- as of that listed with the teacher's name satisfactory" and that the rating " Good " ( 80 on the efficiency rating report." to 89 ) was changed to " Satisfactory ." When the teachers in any school are told by On January 6, 1925 , another bulletin from the principal, as some of them have been told the Superintendent announced that same in the last week or two, that he, the prin- change for marking the teachers' efficiency, cipal, has been notified that, in proportion to the change to apply to the marks for that the total number of teachers in his school, semester due in the Superintendent's office he has marked more teachers “Superior ” than on January 15 , 1925 . the quota of "Superior” teachers allowed to a The change referred to above from "Fair " school with such a teacher membership ; and, to " Unsatisfactory" was never adopted by when told further, that the principal must the Board of Education nor even reported to knock some of those teachers down into the the Board. It was an administrative act by "Excellent " class and so on down the line, it the Superintendent's office of which the prin- might be interesting to those teachers to know cipals were notified only by that bulletin of that Mr. Strickler can say to Mr. Judd and to January 6. Without opportunity for discus- Superintendent McAndrew, "I told you so." sion by principals or teachers it was tried out Mr. Strickler says in his twenty-page, type- first on the substitutes. It was next applied to written report : the teachers . Everybody was holding his Page 168 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 breath asking—“ What next ? " when, last I informed the Superintendent that I did week along came the official blank for mark- not wish to see the report, nor did I see it. ing the 57 varieties of kinks in the teachers' Mr. Mills explained that he was acting as mentalities, personalities and physicalities . attorney for Mrs. Starner in the absence of I was an interested spectator in the office her attorney, Mr. W. H. Holly, and at his of the Superintendent of Schools last Monday, request. Mr. Holly was unable to be present January 11 , when Mr. John A. English, a at the hearing before the School Administra- member of the Board of Education, was pres- tion Committee the next day, January 12, and ent and asked the Superintendent for the two Mrs. Starner's case was postponed till Feb- original efficiency reports sent to that office ruary 2 when all the other cases are to come by the principal of a certain school, one in up except those of the two teachers heard on January, the other in June , 1925. Mr. Eng- January 12 and taken under advisement. lish wished to see the efficiency rating of a certain teacher in that school. Accompanying The discussion between the Superintendent Mr. English was Mr. W. W. Mills, the attorney and Mr. English and Mr. Mills took place in for the teacher, Mrs. Rosa C. Starner, one of the room where a meeting of the Board of the thirteen recommended for dismissal on Superintendents was in progress, the Superin- October 28 , 1925 . tendent presiding. The business, except The Superintendent refused to permit Mr. when interrupted, continued during the dis- Mills and Mr. English, or either of them, to cussion. see the report . However, the Superintendent This incident called to my mind Mr. Strick- reversed his decision before Mr. English and ler's report and his letter printed above, par- Mr. Mills left and delivered the report to Mr. ticularly the last sentence of his letter im- English who , with Mr. Mills, verified Mrs. mediately preceding his signature. Starner's record of efficincy, the photographic reproduction of which appeared in the Bulle- tin of December 31. This verification showed that Mrs. Starner was marked "Satisfactory " by her principal for the Semester ending June 1925 . Marjan A. Haly As She Is Spoke ! Unobstructed View Acting on the popular educational doctrine A small boy was enjoying a free view of a of furthering civics in the schools, a Chicago football match through a knothole in the teacher gave to her class in Junior high school fence . an oral citizenship pledge which read in part, " Sell yer this hole for a couple o ' them "We will so conduct ourselves to be worthy apples," he shouted to a friend . citizens of the United States and students of " Garn ! " was the reply. "Yer can't see the -school . through the people the other side o' the Five little girls in the class refused to take fence . " the pledge. The teacher, nonplussed in- " Orl right, monkey brand," came the quired why . The children said that their mothers would not let them . Still the teacher scornful rejoinder. " Keep yer apples ! But, did not understand . just ter make yer wild, I'll tell yer there's a bandy legged bloke in front of this ' ole." " What won't your mothers let you do ? " -Yorkshire Post. she inquired . Almost tearfully the spokesman for the group explained, " Our mothers won't let us Probably Not soak and duck ourselves ! " A fond mother was exhibiting , with great pride, her flapper daughter to the new rector Topics of the Day of a church in Harrogate recently. Maggie and Sandy were riding in a " My daughter," said the mother, " could Flivver and passed a peanut stand . dress herself when she was but three years Maggie : Those peanuts smell good Sandy . old ." Sandy : I'll drive a little closer Maggie so " Well , er, do you think," asked the rector you can get a better smell. shyly , " that her ability in that direction will "Seen on the Screen" from ever return ? " " Topics of the Day. " -Edinburgh Scotsman. January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 169 A Friend In Need Is Sick Teacher Fund and Report of Ill Teachers' Benefit Is Made by Auditing Committee bep "A friend in need is a friend indeed ." who would not and will not let it be said Such has been the Sick Teacher Fund of that their professional sisters need. the Chicago Teachers' Federation to the In order that teachers may be enabled teachers of Chicago. It has been the help to meet financial emergencies, the Board of ing hand which has tided over the dark Managers of the Chicago Teachers' Federa- hours and brought comfort and cheer to tion at its last meeting , authorized the ap- desolate hearts . pointment of a committee to investigate the merits of Credit Unions and to report upon Growing out of subscriptions taken up by B the Federation from 1905 to 1914 to serve their operation, with the view of having established for the benefit of Chicago teach- dire needs of individual teachers seriously ers a loan fund by and for teachers on a SE ill, and without funds, the Sick Teacher sound basis . A subscription asking for one Fund was established in 1915 as a perma- dollar from each teacher was authorized by nent fund to which all members of the the Federation on December 4th and the sub- teaching force have been invited to subscribe scription sheet has been sent to the schools . DOTE as occasion demanded and from which any Following is the report of the Sick Teacher sick and needy teacher in the system is en- Fund submitted and approved by the Board titled to relief. of Managers of the Chicago Teachers' Fed- The fund represents the generosity and eration at its regular meeting December 4, ✓ big heartedness of the teachers of Chicago 1925 : REPORT OF TREASURER ✓ubmitted and approved by the Board of Managers of the Chicago Teachers' Federation at its regular meeting Dec. 4, 1925, referred to Auditing Committee and together with Auditing Committee's Report, ordered printed and sent to the schools . Call for $ 1.00 subscription was also approved at same meeting and ordered sent to schools. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES January 20 , 1923 to November 21 , 1925 Receipts . Unexpended balance in Bank in Sick Teacher Fund (Teachers' Contributions and income from bequest of Ella Flagg Young) as per printed report sent to Contributors on January 20, 1923 .... $825.84 Deposited in Savings Account, First Trust & Savings Bank, Book No. 235655, in name of Mary E. Murray who has no personal funds in this bank : (a) Total unexpended balance in Sick Teacher Fund Jan. 20, 1923 ... $ 825.84 (b) Teachers' Contributions to 50c subscriptions of Jan. 20, 1923 : April 30, 1923 .. $1,906.85 July 2, 1923 . 113.00 Feb. 25, 1924 . 122.50 July 1, 1924 . 5.00 $2,147.35 (c) Refund from Beneficiary of Funds June 11, 1923 . $ 172.00 (d) Interest on unexpended balances Jan. 20, 1923 to Nov. 30, 1925 ..... 40.79 (e) Fifty per cent of the accrued income from Bequest of Ella Flagg Young as per Board of Education Report No. E 8108, Jan. 9, 1924, page 465, deposited April 2, 1924 ... $ 306.00 (f) Fifty per cent of the accrued income from Bequest of Ella Flagg Young as per Board of Education Report No. 10613, Jan. 14, 1925, page Page 170 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 572, deposited Feb. 21, 1925 306.00 $ 612.00 Total deposits Jan. 20, 1923, to Nov. 21 , 1925 . $3,797.98 Less refund from Beneficiary (item (c) above) 172.00 Total Net Receipts .. $3,625.98 Total Expenditures Jan. 20, 1923, to Nov. 21, 1925 . $4,883.13 Less Refund from Beneficiary . 172.00 Net Expenditures ....... $4,711.13 Overdrawn (Paid from General Fund C. T. Fed.) $1,085.15 Total Deposits as shown above .... $3,797.98 Withdrawn from Savings Account .... 3,795.44 Balance in Savings Account First Trust & Savings Bank . $ 2.54 SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES AS SHOWN IN ITEMIZED REPORT ON FILE IN THE OFFICE OF THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION January 20 , 1923 to November 30 , 1925 On January 20, 1923, the Treasurer of the Chicago Teachers' Federation reported that eighteen teachers who were ill and in need had applied for and received financial assistance. Since that date twelve applications have been received from teachers who were ill and in need of financial assistance since January 20, 1923, the date of last report . These applications are on file in the office of the Federation and show the names of the teachers and complete details of payments, including authorization, dates and amounts, a summary of which appears below. The extreme illness of one teacher whose last days were made comfortable because of the Sick Teacher Fund, required the services of a night nurse as well as a day nurse and as a consequence the amount expended in this case was greatly in excess of the amount spent heretofore for any individual, but the Board of Managers of the Federation decided that conditions warranted the expenditure. The checks listed below are on the General Fund of the Federation on deposit in the First National Bank, and at the end of interest periods that Fund was reimbursed from the Sick Teacher Fund which is in a savings account in the First Trust & Savings Bank . In this way a permanent record of payments by check is kept and at the same time the maximum amount of interest is secured to the Sick Teacher Fund. Benefits from the Sick Teacher Fund have been paid to all teachers in need, for whom application was made, whether members of the Federation or not . Applica- Dates of tion No. Payment Check Nos . Amounts Paid 19. 4/25/23 51. $ 858.00 20. 6/13/23 120 . 256.39 21. 6/29/25 165 81.25 22. 6/29/25 166 . 81.25 23 . 10/11/23 278 . 100.00 24. 10/26/23 299 . 120.00 12/1/23-12/28/23-1/9/24 1 /24/24-1/26/24-2/2/24 25. 2/ 6/24-2/ 16/24-2/26/24 384, 385, 386, 438, 448, 485, 493, 501, 504 3/8/24-3/ 10/24-3/13/24 518, 530, 559, 560, 563 , 578 , 597, 619, 629, 3/22/24-4/ 17/24-4/10/24 655, 707 ...... $2,233.91 4/18/24-5/9/24-6/7/24. 26. { 12/21/23-12/28/23-1/15/24 2/2/24-2/ 19/24-3/13/24 422, 439, 472, 502, 519, 562 ... 273.55 27 . { 10/ 12/24-10/17/24 10/26/24-11/30/24 904, 910, 927, 993 . 498.78 28. 3/7/25-5/5/25 1156, 1247 180.00 29. 4/11/25 1208 .. 100.00 30. 11/18/25 1473 .. 100.00 $4,883.13 January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 171 Total Expenditures Jan. 20, 1923, to Nov. 21 , 1925 . $4,883.13 Less Refunds from Sick Teachers ....... 172.00 Net Expenditures 1/20/23 to 11/21/25 ....... $4,711.13 Total Net Receipts withdrawn from Savings Account of Sick Teacher Fund ........ $3,625.98 Total Net Expenditures .. 4,711.13 Advanced from General Fund, Chicago Teachers Federation to pay Sick Teacher Fund, Expenditures on Excess of Withdrawals from Sick Teacher Fund Savings Account ... $ 1,085.15 40 Deposits .. $3,797.98 Withdrawals . 3,795.44 Balance in Bank (Savings Account of Sick Teacher Fund) $ 2.54 CERTIFICATE OF AUDIT OF TREASURER'S REPORT The undersigned members of the Auditing Committee of the Chicago Teachers' Federation Sick Teacher Fund hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and correct report of the receipts and disbursements of this Fund and that the balance of $2.54 is in the First Trust & Savings Bank deposited in the name of Mary E. Murray, who is Treasurer of the Chicago Teachers' Federation and who certifies that she has no personal funds in this bank. In making this audit the Committee has examined the following documents on file in the office of the Teachers' Federation, Room 1331, 127 North Dearborn Street : 1. The printed report of the Sick Teacher Fund showing a balance of $825.84 on January 20, 1925, as shown by Treasurer's Report 2. Duplicates of receipts Nos. 1 to 217 inclusive, issued by the Federation, showing $2,147.35 contributions to the 50c subscription of January 20, 1923, for the Chicago Teachers' Federation Sick Teacher Fund contributed by teachers in the schools named in the receipts, and find the amount listed after the names of each of these schools in the Treasurer's Report agrees with the amount shown on the Receipts. 3. Board of Education Report No. E 8108, Jan. 9, 1924, page 465, showing action of Board in regard to accrued income from Bequest of Ella Flagg Young (50 % of said accrued income amounting to $306.00 deposited to account of Mary E. Murray , April 2, 1924) and find same agrees with Treasurer's Report. 4. Board of Education Report No. 10613, Jan. 14, 1925, page 572, showing action of Board in regard to accrued income from Bequest of Ella Flagg Young (50% of said accrued income amounting to $306.00 deposited to account of Mary E. Murray, Feb. 21 , 1925) and find same agrees with Treasurer's report . 5. Savings Deposit Account Book No. 235655 of the First Trust & Savings Bank showing deposits as set forth in the Treasurer's Report. Jan. 20, 1923 . $ 825.84 Item (1) above, Item (a) Treasurer's Report 66 ،، ،، ،، ،، April 30, 1923 to July 1, 1924... 2,147.35 (2) (b) ،، ،، ،، Jan. 20, 1923 to July 1, 1925...... 40.79 Interest (d) ،، ،، ،، June 11 , 1923 .... 172.00 Refunds (c) ،، ،، ،، ،، April 2 , 1924 .... 306.00 Item (3) (e) ،، ،، ،، “ ،، Feb. 21, 1925 . 306.00 ( 4) (f) $3,797.98 6. The applications of the teachers who received benefits from the Fund January 20, 1923, to November 21, 1925, and find them properly authenticated and data recorded. 7. Cancelled checks on the First National Bank to 12 beneficiaries amounting to $4,883.13 as shown in Treasurer's Report . 8. Savings Account Pass Book No. 235655 which shows withdrawals from the Savings Account of $3,795.44 to reimburse the General Fund of the Federation for checks drawn for benefit of Sick Teachers as shown above (Item 6) . This Pass Book also shows a balance of $2.54 on November 21, 1925. Checks in favor of Sick Teachers to the amount of $1,085.15 in excess of contributions to the Sick Teacher Fund were drawn on the General Fund of the Chicago Teachers' Federation. MARY MCCULLOUGH, Chairman, Auditing Committee FRANCES M. KENNEY MARY E. DUTTON Date of Audit, December 9, 1925 . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 Page 172 Classroom Teacher Talks at State Convention Miss Spooner First Classroom Pedagog To Address I. S. T. A. Some pointed paragraphs make up the address made ments of exclusive organizations or of federa- * * by Miss Julia A. Spooner, of Portland, Ore ., past pres- tions of organizations . * ident of the Department of Classroom Teachers of the N. E. A. at the convention of the Illinois State Teach- When we began to study status and salary ers ' Association in December at Springfield. -when we made our first feeble attempts to Miss Spooner was the first classroom teacher to be given a place on the program of the State Teachers secure equal pay for equal work regardless Association and was given an ovation appropriate to of sex, when we uttered for the first time the the occasion. Her own words best tell the story of " Teachers heresy that all types of school work were Associations' Past Achievements , " the subject of her equally honorable and should be so consid- Springfield address printed here in part : ered that equal recognition should be given Once upon a time not so very many years the teacher of the six and of the sixteen year ago , when a woman classroom teacher stood old, not so many people agreed with us as do upon an association convention platform , it now . The strangest part of it all was that was the custom partially to apologize for her more people outside the profession than in- presence there , or to make it possible and per- side did agree . Another strange revelation missable by arranging a special program to was made at the same time . We had read provide an occasion and an opportunity for * * * "A few can touch the magic string her appearance . * And noisy fame is proud to win them— The great expansion in numbers of or- Alas for those who never sing ganizations has come since 1912 , the date of And die with all their music in them ! " the organization of two great national bodies We found the " alasing" belongs to the first of classroom teachers, the Department of group-that those who touched the magic Classroom Teachers of the N. E. A. , and the string and expressed what we felt and hoped National League of Classroom Teacher Or- and desired and believed changed their oc- ganizations ; in the work of both the Illinois cupation with startling immediacy — that teachers have played an honorable part . those who taught with all their thoughts The achievements of these local associa- corked up -held their jobs . tions have been many . The character of the The next step then must be tenure and organization formed has had a direct in- local organizations in a few isolated com- fluence upon the past achievement and will munities secured legislation on the subject have a greater effect upon the future pos- and began to demonstrate that security of sibilities . Consideration of the types of or- position leads to greater professional growth . ganizations may be worth while . We heard our national officers say at one of Where classroom teachers recognized their the national conventions " This resolutions need of an avenue for self expression and of committee believes that the only protection an opportunity for self development through that any teacher needs, now as at all times, exercise of personal- professional initiative , is in faithful performance of duty, " and we associations of class room membership ex- heard that statement wildly applauded from clusively were formed . The country over, the floor. And yet we have seen that same these have produced the best results from a great body become the most enthusiastic professional viewpoint. A few organizations proponent of the theory of tenure, devoting composed of both elementary and secondary pages of its printed reports to that subject teachers have been successful. In the main, annually, and the work started by the local the exclusive grouping has been most pro- bids fair to be completed by the national ductive in all ways . organization. * * * * With the opening of the World War the It is therefore my pleasure , in discussing Salary question, formerly of interest and past achievements, to list the accomplish- concern to the local organizations mainly, January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 173 became the great absorption of the national holds the strategic position between the di- tbody, because of the wholesale desertion of rector of education and the educand. Hers the professional ranks by those who saw an is the key to the line . She and she only can economic opportunity and seized it. The transmit to the child, the subject of all our struggle for economic independence for the concern, the thing which the director decides American teacher has but just begun but shall be transmitted. With the recognition with the leadership in the hands of the na- that this power lies in her hands, that she tional body the local problem lies rather in can bring to naught or to fruition all your the solution of equitable adjustments than programs and plans, comes a new apprecia- in the actual campaigning for recognition of tion of her value and of the responsibility of the need of a saving wage . those who train, employ and supervise her. Tenure and Salary Professional Consciousness Legislating for tenure and salary and re- What ever may have been the material tirements taught us much. We learned to gains brought about through organization approach legislatures with welfare measures work in the last two decades such as salary, for children and an honorable chapter in the improvements, tenure, health and salary pro- book of achievement for teacher organiza- tection, and relief work, it is probable that tions is that devoted to the work done for the greatest gain has been in the develop- child labor laws, children's courts, crippled ment and growth of professional conscious- children's education bills, provisions for re- ness , the awakening of the teacher to the search upon which to base remedial teach- realization that her status cannot be changed ings , lengthening of the compulsory educa- by outside forces ; that only as she makes tion period, raising requirements for teaching herself a master in her line, only as she and others of like nature , directed toward creates a confidence in her judgment, in- the reduction of our illiteracy. dividually and as a unit in a collective judg- With the assumption of responsibility for ment, only as she actually earns, through her - teaching conditions has come a better appre- unceasing study of educational problems and ciation of the part played by the veterans in her cultivation of wisdom in their solution, the profession who struggled through years the power to speak as one with authority, of faithful service under a handicap of can her status be what it must be, if organ- miserable wages and who came to the end of ization dreams are to become realities and the road broken and penniless . Aid and the classroom teacher is to assume the teach- comfort and, in many cases, actual support er's rightful place in the educational world . has been given these derelicts though fre- With this awakening, what are the problems quently they have ceased from service before of the future, the possibilities of organiza- organizations were formed ; the incentive tion's accomplishment. these unfortunates have given to those now It is worth remembering that no single in service to make provision for the day when accomplishment of organizations has made pay checks cease, is perhaps their best con- the labor of teaching easier or lighter. All tribution to education after all. In this, too, that has been brought about, has added to the national body has taken action, in its responsibility and to the actual time given committee reports on Retirement Fund Laws to the profession. Efficiency has been in- and in the proposed national home for re- creased, and the satisfaction that lies in see- tired teachers. Relief work both in and out ing a piece of work handled in a scientific of the organizations has been one of the most manner has been increasingly earned, but common activities of associations throughout not ease nor shorter hours nor less respon- the country. sibility . I do not know who gave the scriptural " We're creepin' on wi' each new rig—less expression " To him that hath shall be given, " weight an' larger power " : pretty well de- the new version " Them as has, gits ! " The scribes the school situation just now ; chang- vernacular expresses the future of organiza- ing conditions that confront us throw new tions . " Them as has energy, ambition, pro- responsibilities upon the organizations that fessional spirit, vision and courage , " gits " are rapidly becoming spokesman for all busy to help settle the educational problems teachers in their relation to educational prob- of the country, since the public and all the lems. We are facing more new relationships branches of the service have come to realize today than at any time since public schools that the classroom teacher, the educator, began to function ; there is a closer examin Page 174 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 ation on the part of the public, into school that have daunted educators, from Comenius organizations, into school production, into to our leaders of today. We who are or- school administration, and above all into ganized to promote the interests of childhood school financing in its relation to production. can do no less than demand that entrance into the profession be only after a minimum New Relationship of education at least four years beyond a The traditional relation between high four year standard high school course, with school teachers and grade teachers and be- the minimum of maturity and experience that tween teachers and supervisors or admin- is implied in such a preparation ; that in istrators is rapidly breaking down. We are that preparation shall be included a knowl- beginning to sense a possible new relation- edge of the major problems confronting the ship between educator and educand ; the schools today with an examination of the relations beginning to exist between the solutions offered for them ; that frequent public and all engaged in school work is contact shall be made between teacher train- utterly different from that of even ten years ing institutions and the organizations in the ago . Superintendents trained and grounded field for the mutual benefit of those being in the minutia of their work a decade ago, trained and those already in service ; and find themselves building an entirely new further more , that a more discriminating philosophy to meet present situations . selection be made from candidates for entry Scarcely realizing it, we are in the center into teacher training in order that the un- of an educational evolution which requires a professional be eliminated before the state readjusting of all our natural forces to move has wasted public funds upon her training. the main body intelligently with the current Only through organized demand and pres- of progress and to prevent the destruction of sure can such a program be put into effect any part by its reactionary opposition to yet it is at the basis of all other possibilities evolutionary processes . in the teaching profession . A reorganization of financing public edu- The Path In The Forest cation, a re- evaluation of subjects to be Our older teachers schooled in experience taught, a reformation of public opinion on are able exponents of educational needs. But taxation units are on the way. progress is too slow if we must wait for each What is the part that teachers' organiza- incoming generation to arrive at an educa- tions must play in this reformation, re- evalua- tional philosophy through its reaction in im- tion and reorganization movement ? A few mediate and individual problems . That years ago most of our school people would policy is too apt to result in local mindedness have said our proper attitude was one of and influence so acquired is not apt to be prayerful negation and acquiescence . Today far-reaching . The path in the forest to the we realize that what we once considered maker of mouse traps presents a true picture antagonism or at best indifference, on the but we cannot afford to suffer the devastation part of the general public is ignorance, mis- wrought by mice while we wait for the news understanding, absorption in other interests of the trap to filter out of the forest. or failure to grasp much of what seems Nor is the activity of organizations to be obvious to us in the problem . Our own in- confined to raising standards and demanding difference to our own problems sets no very professional attitudes of teachers for the high standard for others outside the profes- sion. A double task then falls to the organ- cities, in which most of the organized power of teachers is . We must demand that the ization ; first to set its own membership discrimination against rural communities be unitedly to work upon these problems, and ended. Many rural communities cheerfully second, to interpret school needs to those accept this discrimination which takes the who stand ready to help but see only the surface manifestations . The first is the form of less well prepared teachers, because these teachers seem on the surface to cost harder task . America's educational failure less ; but there is a distinct movement in the has been her blind and confiding trust, other two great organizations devoted to edu- pathetic because it was rooted in idealism , cation, The National Grange and the Ameri- that anyone called " master " ; is “master” ; can Federation of Labor, to demand for rural that children of seventeen equipped with children equal opportunities with city chil- grammar grade or high school educations, dren in instruction and in length of term . with the immaturities and futilities of ex- (Sub -Headings Inserted by Bulletin) treme youth , were fit to cope with problems (Continued in next issue) nuary January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 175 m Com Tho Bulletin Reprints Code of Ethics at " for Teachers be Councils Drew Up Obligations of Teaching Profession in 1923 The bound volume of reports of the Ele- In any profession it is the ideal that carries for- ab ward, that consecrates its members and makes them mentary Teachers' General Council from Oc- victorious over self-interest. In order to stimulate tober, 1921, to May, 1925 , has just reached the spirit of co- operation, to develop personal fitness , the Bulletin office . to deepen the sense of personal responsibility, to se- cure loyalty to the system of which we are a part, to Included in those reports is a Code of prepare for an increasing share in shaping the educa- her tional policy of that system, to perfect our ideals of Ethics for Teachers adopted by the Chicago professional conduct and practice and to enforce and Elementary Teachers' Group Councils at the support them with the collective opinion of the Coun- cils , the following principles have been formulated : meetings October 19 , 1923. The entire body Sec . I. OBLIGATIONS RESTING UPON THE of elementary teachers numbering about COUNCILS COLLECTIVELY * *Adapted from the New York Code. The Committee have 9,000 attended these 39 group meetings . read all available codes and wish to make grateful acknowl- edgment for guidance and assistance received therefrom. With the abolition of the teachers' coun- the A. To strive for adequate professional and academic cils the machinery for the enforcement of qualifications for entrance to the profession . this code was abolished . The teachers now B. To make available professional ideas developed from successful experience with proper recogni- have no official means of carrying out the tion of the source . provisions of the code . The code stood and C. To use every effort to secure all the material con- ditions necessary to the highest efficiency in the stands as a monument to the high standard service . of professionalism of the Chicago teachers Sec. II . OBLIGATIONS OF INDIVIDUALS . and as a valuable by-product of their me- A. Relation to Pupils 1. Personal intercourse. The paramount duty of dium of expression, teachers' councils . the teacher is to the pupils under her care. She owes Only individual responsibility or volun- them courtesy, frankness, and appreciation ; the guid- ance that results from keen sympathetic insight ; the tary organizations can now enforce the code . highest standards of truth and honesty, and the intel- The Committee on Ethics was composed of lectual leadership that comes from continuous , careful professional study. Catherine L. Baird, chairman ; Helene Luy- 2. Protective legislation. It is the duty of teach- ten, Anna A. Twohig and Theo . E. Wein- ers to support actively, legislation for the protection of children. nette . Copies for distribution were printed 3. Training in citizenship. A teacher's greatest by order of the Elementary Teachers' Gen- responsibility is to train her pupils to be good citizens. She must inculcate regard for law and order , must eral Council, April 10, 1924. develop respect for all properly constituted authority, The Reports of the Elementary Teachers ' and must emphasize the civic duty of appreciation and care of public property. General Council for October, 1921 , to May , 4. Acceptance of gifts. The acceptance of gifts , 1925 , Page 166, say : other than perishable ones, or those of little intrinsic value, from pupils or parents, particularly gifts which " The Committee on Ethics reports that have been purchased through class collection, shall they have read all available codes and re- be regarded by the teachers as a breach of professional ethics . ceived from them guidance and assistance . 5. Coaching of pupils. A teacher should not ac- They wish to make particular acknowledg- cept remuneration for coaching pupils from her own class. ment to the framers of the Pennsylvania B. Personal Fitness . and New York codes . 1. Professional study. The teacher should keep " The proposed code was submitted to the abreast of modern educational ideas and should show a constant improvement in method and technique . Group Councils at the meetings of October 2. Behavior. The public is entitled to such be- 19 , 1923 , and every section thereof was en- havior from teachers as can properly be considered a good example for the child. dorsed by a majority of the Councils . The C. Relation to Associates . code was therefore adopted and is sub- 1. To fellow teachers . Co - operation, courtesy, mitted herewith . The General Council has kindly interest, appreciation of personal ability, full ordered that it be printed and supplied to and generous confidence should characterize our inter- the teachers ." course with fellow teachers . Adverse criticism should be considered unprofes- Following is the Code : sional, unless made to the teacher directly, or to an The teaching profession ranks as such because, first , administrative officer with the understanding that the teachers possess a body of special knowledge vitally person criticized be given full opportunity for expla- nation . * necessary to the public good, and second, in the exer- cise of their calling they recognize an obligation to * Adapted from the Pennsylvania Code . place the public need before personal convenience or private ambition. (Continued on next Page ) Page 176 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 Federation Asks Council Who's To Blame ? To Aid Firemen The College President : Teachers to Request Recognition Such rawness in a student is a shame, of Fire Fighters ' Efforts But lack of preparation is to blame. The High School Principal : At its meeting Saturday, January 16, the Good heavens ! What crudity ! The boy's Chicago Teachers' Federation voted to call a fool ; on the City Council to recognize the firemen's The fault, of course, is with the grammar service in having filed and brought to a hear- school . ing, complaints against under- assessed cor- porations, resulting ultimately in having The Grammar Principal : $ 800,000 added to the public treasury. Would that from such a dunce I might The teachers reviewed the history of the be spared ! case of Miss Catherine Goggin and passed a They send them up to me so unprepared . The Primary Teacher : motion asking the city council to increase the salaries of the firemen to the amount placed Poor kindergarten blockhead ! And they call in the city treasury by the firemen's action . In filing the complaint against the corpora- That " Preparation ! " Worse than none at all . tions, the firemen said that they were “tear- ing a leaf from the teachers' book. " History The Kindergarten Teacher : appears to be repeating itself in the case of Never such lack of training did I see ! the firemen . What sort of person can the mother be ? When the teachers placed $ 600,000 in the The Mother : public treasury 25 years ago with the end in You stupid Child ! But then, you're not view of having their salaries increased , this to blame ; increase was denied them and was granted Your father's family are all the same . only after four years court proceedings . -From The Bulletin of the Milwaukee Teachers' The teachers agreed at their meeting Satur- Association, May and June, 1925. day to give the firemen the encouragement the teachers were denied 25 years ago and to CODE OF ETHICS do all in their power to aid the firemen in (Continued from Page 175 ) getting the increase due them as a result of 2. To administrative officers . Since the success of their service in carrying through their com- the school system requires that the teachers support the policy of the administrative officers with energy plaints . and enthusiasm it is obvious that the initiation of any new policy should be preceded by consultation BERTHA OTT Announces the following with the teachers so that they may fully understand CONCERT AND RECITALS and approve that policy. underhermanagement during January 3. Professional advancement. No teacher should Fritz Kreisler, violinist, recital, Auditorium Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 24th, at 3:30 . Seats $1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20 and attempt, unfairly, to secure professional advance- $2.75, tax included, at box office now. ment. This should be based solely upon merit, never Guy Maier and Lee Pattison, two -piano recital, Great Northern upon personal favor. No teacher should accept a po- Theatre, Sunday afternoon, January 24th, at 3:30. Seats 83c, sition made vacant by means unfair to the profession. $1.10, $ 1.65 , $ 2.20, tax included, at box office now. Beleska Malinoff, lyric soprano, Debut recital, Princess Theatre, 4. Attendance at meetings . Sunday afternoon, January 24th, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.65 and $2.20, a. Teachers should consider it important to at- tax included, at box office now . Anastasha Rabinoff , soprano, recital, Sunday evening , January tend, when possible, meetings called by their elected officers . 24th, at 8:15. Seats $1.10, $1.65 nad $ 2.20 , tax included. Great Northern Theater. b. Time for which remuneration is received should Georges Enesco, violinist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday faithfully be given to the work of the school. This afternoon, January 31st, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20, tax included. Mail orders now. should include daily attendance and punctuality, and Ossip Gabrilowitsch, fifth of a series of six historical recitals attendance at Council meetings throughout the whole with explanatory lecture. Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, period. January 31st, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10, $1.65, $ 2.20 , tax included. Mail orders now. D. Relation to Parents . Tickets can be secured by addressing 1. Mutual understanding and co- operation are es- BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave sential. Therefore , the attitude of the teacher should be such as to assure the parent that she is competent, TEACHERS- sympathetic, just and unprejudiced. 2. Knowledge of unfortunate home conditions of We will make you a Brief case of a size and pupils should never be made a matter of casual com- style to meet your individual requirements at a ment. price lower than inferior "ready mades . " E. Relation to the Community. Chicago Trunk and Leather Goods Co. Teachers should interest themselves in com- "A Union Shop" 1. 526 S. Wabash Harrison 2238 munity activities, especially those that are of a civic and educational nature . January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 177 THE IDLE HOUR The great central " The best of all ways to lengthen our t days meeting place before Is to steal a few hours from the night, and after the matinee my dear." -From an old Irish Song . Most of the things of life really worth while are within reach of average pros- Madame Meluis is a name which means perity. If one make the necessary dis- much to Chicago teachers. She is to be the tinction between things that are cheap, soloist at a concert January 25, for the bene- merely, and things that are not costly fit of the Women's and Children's Hospital, he may, without much wealth, possess formerly the Mary Thompson hospital . Wom- a full share of the material things that an physicians in charge of the hospital de- make substantial contribution to enjoy- vote a day each week to clinical work. ment of life. As Luella Chilson Orhman, Mme . Meluis E was soloist at a concert given by the Chicago Teachers' Chorus at Orchestra hall, several years ago, before she went to Europe where she acquired fame in the important musical HENRICI'S centers . Her program January 25 will be WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT in Orchestra hall . 67 W. Randolph St. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets Joseph Schlossberg of New York , secre- tary-treasurer of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers, will speak upon "An Immigrant's B Americanism," January 24. Mr. Schlossberg HAIR TINTING who was born in Russia, will discuss the things By LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) the immigrant faces in becoming assimilated . Not an ordinary process-but a proven method, backed by years of success. The address will be under the auspices of the Special Club Rates For Teachers LOIS STUDIOS Chicago Forum, at 3 o'clock in the Apollo Call State 5089 Theater. Room 808 . 14 W. Washington St. Teachers making plans for the weeks to AN IDEAL EUROPEAN TOUR come, may be interested in considering " The 58 Days-$ 595 Visiting England, Holland, Belgium, The Rhine, Switzer- Miracle" in their plans. It is scheduled for a land, Italy ( includ. Naples ) , Riviera and France six weeks presentation starting February 2 Full particulars Mrs. Florence B. Blair in The Auditorium . Matinees will be held 5218 Dorchester Avenue CHICAGO Fairfax 5147 Lincoln's and Washington's birthdays . For a bit of the froth of life, the airy faery CommercialArt School make-believe land of princes, " Castles In The and Air" is a pretty variation. A real for-sure VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION . ILLUSTRATION, ballet of walking dolls is one of the novel fea- COSTUME DESIGN tures . Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering and Design Day, Half-Day, Evening and Saturday Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago Those who have seen Al Jolson at the Apol- lo say that he is in his inimitable form . The FUR COATS Charge Accounts of Big Boy is playing in "Big Boy. " Teachers Solicited Most Popular Furs-Latest Styles Repairing and Remodeling 25 Years' Experience Designing John : " What do you say to a tramp in to Individual Taste the park ? " LEVEY & CO. Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. Tom : " I never speak to them . " Page 178 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 Out of the Minds of Babes Here, our one aim is to give you foot comfort. Our shoes , as well as our service, are designed toward that end. Our business thrives on the satisfaction we give comfort lovers . That the minds of the Chicago youth have These Socket-Fit shoes are nat- at last learned the object of education is ural foot-moulds, not only in shape but inbal- shown by the following : ance, distribu- tion of weight and action. A district superintendent appeared in the They mould yourfeetas na- doorway of an eighth grade room. Instantly 10% Discount ture intended so that every the class cleared their desks as a battleship During bone and muscle does its share of for action. They grabbed pens and sat at January the work without strain or fatigue. attention like drilled battalions . D. C. LOCKE'S Upon inquiring the reason for this, an In the SOCKET FIT Formerly eager lad replied : the " Don't you always test and have us print?" Lobby SHOE STORE College ofthe Later a discussion on different phases of Shops Boot Bldg. 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Shop civics took place. Finally papers were passed CHICAGO, ILLINOIS and the following query asked : "What must a person do to show that he is MARINELLO a good citizen ?" The examiner was somewhat awed when Approved Beauty Shop Everything in Beauty Culture she read an observingly bright chap's answer, Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator " In order to be a good citizen, one must Suite 602 Stewart Bldg 108 N. State print and prove." Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 WOULD YOU SUBSCRIPTION Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? to If so, write for information. JULIA C. BRANNAN MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Hayes Hotel Chicago, Ill . Name. Address JANUARY FUR SALE (Street and Number ) An Opportune Time to Save Money City on your Subscription price $2.00 per year. FUR COAT PURCHASE MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν. ROBERT STAEDTER, Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. 1302 Stevens Bldg . 17 N. State St. Why Shouldn't a Unfair ARNOLD good-looking pair GLOVE pair of shoes Mrs. Smith : " How did Harry get on with GRIP SHOES be comfortable ? It's simply a matter of his history examination, my dear ? " fitting the shoe to the foot instead of the foot Mrs. Jones : " He failed. What else can to the shoe. A Glove- Grip Shoe will fit as if it had been moulded to you expect ? Why they asked him questions your foot, and it is as about things that happened before he was handsome a shoe as is made. born." Combination Lasts for Men and Women Thesecret $10- $11 - $12 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN ofGloveGrip ARNOLD comfort is GLOVE - GRIP SHOFS MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher in thedesign 6 N. Michigan ofthe instep Room 206 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley . GO THE THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 WENZEL WAY Cents. For Superior Instruction in LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to BE A MARCEL WAVER AND A PERMANENT WAVER the order of WRITE OR CALL MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American Room 306 , 177 No. State St. CHICAGO Phone State 1887 Bond and Mortgage Bldg ., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 1 January 18, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 179 SPARE TIME ART COURSES Many of us do not realize what can be accom- plished in SPARE TIME IN ART —do you ? Mon- day-Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9 : 30 also Saturday and Sunday Classes in ART . Pos- sibly we have just the course you have always longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, = interior decoration, commercial art, illustration or ? Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART W 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago , Ill . White "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School ' Foot Pains Vanish ! Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents Permanent Wave $ 10.00 Friday & Sat. 75 cents Put on a pair of these shoes, and foot pains vanish as though by magic. It isn't magic-it's Science-for Modern We Beauty Shoppe's Experienced Ground Gripper Shoes are scientifically designed to give Guarantee Our Work quick relief to aching feet. Loop West Side Suite 610 Capitol Bldg . 1636 W. Van Buren St. Get a pair at the Ground Gripper store and find out 159 N. State St. Phone West 3427 how normal and healthy your feet can be. Phone Dearborn 0317 Open evenings Tuesday GROUND GRIPPER STORES OpenEvenings, Mon. , Tues. , Fri. Thur. , Fri. and Sat. 63 East Adams Street 29 East Lake Street 40 North Clark Street 17 No. 912 STATE Stevens Bldg . HA RADCLIFFE % The Largest ROUND Discount to BOOT SHOP ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROP. Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" "Stylish Stout Outsides" Combination Lasts Range of Shoe Sizes inthe City Sizes,22to 12; Widths, AAAA to EEE SHOES G FOR ALL RIPPER THE FAMILY JUST WHAT YOU WANT -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of Superfluous Hair value to you , the educator. Every page an illustrated Can positively be forever destroyed message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful . Your subscription will be welcomed. $ 2.00 per year-20c per Ihave been inbusinessfor many years-and I guarantee my work copy. Send stamps for sample copy. Remember it's the- ALL- ARTS MAGAZINE Martha B. Dowdy Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg. , 5. S. Wabash 63 PV ams Street, Dt.dM Cehicago , Illinois No Apprentices Not a Beauty School MACLEAN COLLEGE ofMusic, Dramatic and Speechi 'Arts The Most Satisfactory "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression,Public Speaking, DramaticArt. PERMANENT WAVE A.perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location,Enter at Any Time, Guaranteed for Years Promotional Credits for Teachers. DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO Phones Central 2551-2552 Res . Park Ridge 1842 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago JOHN J. McCORMICK SHORTHAND REPORTER HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING are the natural result of 1105 Ashland Block, Chicago SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND, CONGESTED BLOOD REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS . -as are many other ailments. If YOUR school day wears on you -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if Official Shorthand Reporter for Chicago Teachers' Federation you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the ELECTREAT You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes. NOT A MEDICINE . Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given on hand Remodeling and Repairing a free demonstration at home-no obligation New Coats Made toOrder 501 Capitol Building ELECTREAT CO . State and Randolph Central 6049 39 W. Adams St. Wab. 0598 Established 1897 Page 180 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 18, 1926 GREENE'S 230-234 So. Near Michigan Boulevard Jackson High Quality Merchandise No Exorbitant Prices OUR COLOSSAL AFTER - INVENTORY SALES OFFER REMARKABLE SAVINGS FUR COATS CLOTH COATS $ 115 $27.50 Save $75 to $125 Wonderfully Styled and Fur Trimmed THE FURS : A group of coats original- ly priced to $85 . They in- Leopardine, Caracul, clude every smart fabric and fur this season . By Muskrat, Northern Seal, far the greatest value of Raccoon, Opossum . the year. Every coat bears our two-year main- SPORT COATS tenance guarantee. The green label stands for satisfaction . Fur trimmed models, rich wool- ens worth to $45.... $10 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions , either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, Beginning and Advanced and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances . Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 S. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Mnoss Briefs, Records, Trust Deeds INTRODUCING ! Confidential Reports To the School Teachers of Chicago Goodrich Dressmaking Service BARNARD &MILLER We design, cut and fit any garment from your own Law & Commercial Printers material and make ready for you to finish. Also 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO partial and complete finishing services. Telephone FRAnklín 0562 Appointment for Fitting May Be Made by Telephone Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders THE GOODRICH SHOP Price Lists Dear. 7015 1107 Stevens Bldg. U. S. POSTAGE 2c. PAID 11 / Fe9'268 CHICAGO , ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 VOL. Margaret Haley's III NO . 10 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill . 341 January 30 , 1926 " The Dred Scott Decision of Education " -Ella Flagg Young Former Status of Chicago Teachers "The board has the absolute right to decline to employ or to re-employ any ap- plicant for any reason whatever or for no reason at all . **** It is no infringe- ment upon the constitutional rights of anyone for the board to decline to em- ploy him as a teacher in the schools, and it is immaterial whether the reason for the refusal to employ him is because the applicant is married or unmarried, is of fair complexion or dark, is or is not a member of a trades union, or whether no reason is given for such refusal. The board is not bound to give any reason for its action." Above are excerpts from the Illinois Supreme Court decision rendered April 19, 1917, defining the status of Illinois teachers, including Chicago teachers. This decision was wiped out for Chicago teachers the following day, April 20, when the Governor signed the Chicago Teachers' Tenure Law. G Page 182 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30 , 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You will find our courses intensive, thorough and rapid in their PRIVATE INSTRUCTION preparation for positions, either commercial or teaching. Ample space for study as well as for instruction period. Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping Our correspondence course taken in the Winter months will pre- pare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, By Practical Teachers with less physical strain, when you come to us next Summer. Beginning and Advanced Write now and give us the details regarding your own problems, and let us make suggestions that will facilitate matters for you. All commercial subjects including latest office appliances. Dictaphone, When referring students to us for beginning or review work, Ditto, Adding Machine, Typewriters. Also coaching in high school kindly ask them to give us your name and the name of the and college subjects by specially prepared coach. school in which you teach. MYRTLE M. VOSS Shorthand Coach School 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Bldg., 10th floor. 431 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill . Telephones Wabash 3732, Harr. 2420 431 8. Wabash Ave. Open days and evenings every day including Saturdays, all year. Chicago, Ill. Omoss LUNCHEON RICHICE CREAMS Save CANDIES BY MAKING YOUR OWN CLOTHES WE MAKE IT EASY Upon Cutting and Fitting depends the ultimate success Much as tho you would conceive in your own in the making of the garment and that intricate task, we perform for you-then pin and baste it. Your mind the finest and most desirable things to eat own ideas are followed-or you may select from our and then find them in beautiful surround- style books . All you do is the actual sewing !! Then, too, we have a ings-moderately priced ! Partial and Complete Finishing Service -doing part of the sewing-or the complete making At My New Tea Room of the garment. Appointments for fitting may be made by telephone. JULIA KING'S THE GOODRICH SHOP 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. Dear. 7015 1107 Stevens Bldg. Near Randolph St. 17 No. 912 Superfluous Hair STATE StevensBldg. Can positively be forever destroyed Ihave been in businessfor many years-and I guarantee my work Martha B. Dowdy HOT RADCLIFFE 10% BOOT SHOP TheLargest Rangeof ShoeSizes Discount ADOLPH WEINSTEIN - PROR inthe City Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash to Smart Shoes Built for Comfort Sizes,25to No Apprentices Not a Beauty School 12 ;Widths, Teachers "Slender Foot Arch Fitters" Combination Lasts ΑΛΛΑ Το ΕΕΕ "Stylish Stout Outsides" TAXI CAB SERVICE We will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHICAGO CONTINUATION OF THE JANUARY FUR SALE SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our An Opportune Time to Save Money service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. on your ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION FUR COAT PURCHASE The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. ROBERT STAEDTER, 1302 Stevens Bldg . 17 N. State St. TR STO YOU FOOur ShoesOAre UBLGreat Pain P R O T Relievers. InES stock or NEW PERMANENT WAVE Made to Order. A. THE WENZEL WAY DISCOUNT SLATIN 10%O to Teachers Our Prices will meet with your approval 177 N. State St., Room 306 State 1887 Shoe Specialist . 4810 N. Kimball Ave. North of Chicago Theatre At Lawrence. Keystone 9595 CALL OR WRITE FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS HAIR TINTING By LOIS ARMSTRONG (Formerly with Marinello) Streiff&Dagobert _ FLORISTS, Not an ordinary process-but a proven method, backed by years of success. Special Club Rates For Teachers LOIS STUDIOS Expert Designer of Floral Art Call State 5089 Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Room 808 . 14 W. Washington St. 00 MARGARET HALEY'S γεια BULLETIN Vol . 3. No. 10 January 30, 1926 Page 183 Here's a Howdy-Do ! S Teachers to be Retired On February 1 , 1926 The way in which the teachers and principals In order that the board might have time S placed upon the Emeritus Service list have been "nicked" coming and going, is vividly explained in an to answer the plea for an injunction, the court editorial appearing in the Chicago Daily Journal Sat- set the hearing for today. A few hours after urday, January 30. the court took its action the board rushed Apparently the 70-year veterans in the school serv- ice lose if they win and lose if they lose. Following through the emeritus list and put the entire is the editorial which explains itself : matter up to the pleasure of the superintend- Lessons in Good Citizenship. ent. At once new teachers were ordered to In their management of education in this report at the schools, and some old teachers city, the school board and school superintend- next morning found new ones on the job, ent claim to be endeavoring to teach children with word that next Monday the permanent the principles and practices of good citizen- change would be made. ship . A worthy task ! The children now observe how preachers Though this is denied , verbal orders are said to have been issued that the new teach- sometimes practice what they preach . They see tumbled helter skelter out of their posi- ers and principals are to take their places tions a number of veteran teachers who have Monday in spite of any opposition or senti- endeared themselves to all, and who have ment, and that if the old teachers put in an been objects of every youngster's admiration. appearance they will be suspended from the Now these victims of "good citizenship" be- school service. This means that they might come the object of the children's pity and lose the half pay which has been doled out their dismissal must lead any observing and to them . On the other hand, if they fail to sympathetic child to wonder wherein practice show up at their places of usual employment meets the precept. for several successive days they may lose The Illinois law says nothing regarding the their rights in any court proceedings which compulsory retirement of teachers and prin- might arise to determine these rights. cipals . So the school board invented the It is a pretty mess, and a fine example of emeritus list to which the veterans could be the orderly, courteous, whole-hearted co- transferred to inactivity and half pay, pro- operation which ought to prevail in the vided they receive not more than $ 2,500 a schools as an example to the young genera- year. Some of the old teachers doubt the tion training for citizenship. Instead of de- legality of payment of salaries to those on vising some reasonable plan for the peaceful the emeritus list. They have no wish to ac- and fair retirement of teachers who have cept money illegally. The injunction sought reached a certain age, or who are disquali- by several teachers, if properly answered by fied by physical unfitness, the school board the board, would result in some court order and the superintendent employ the steam- which would give a semblance of legality to roller and strong-arm methods usually identi- the board's action, or might point out a way fied with political bosses. A fine lesson in by which the board could make its action good citizenship . legal . Chicago Daily Journal, Jan. 30, 1926 . From theMasthead by The Lookout "It is a Pretty Mess!" -The Chicago Journal , Jan. 30, 1926. TO the Teachers of Chicago: It was not until last Wednesday, January At ten o'clock last Wednesday morning, 27, that the legal aspects of the "Emeritus Counsel, representing two of the principals Service" Rule were forced on the attention and one teacher on the Emeritus list of 72 of a quiescent teaching body-Judd's "mob appeared before Judge Friend in the Cir- of mobile women meditating matrimony "- cuit Court of Cook County on behalf of a and at the same time on the attention of aBill of Complaint, filed that morning, peti- complacent public-mostly meditating money tioning the Court to enjoin the enforcement getting. of the Emeritus Rule. Notice was given Mr. "The "Emeritus Service" Rule was pro- Righeimer, the attorney for the Board, and posed to the Board of Education by the Su- at twelve o'clock he appeared before the perintendent on November 25, 1925. It was Court and the hearing was set for Saturday adopted by the Board on December 9, without morning, January 30, at 9:30 o'clock. discussion. On January 13, the Superinten- At two o'clock on the same day, Wednes- dent recommended to the Board the retire- day, the Board of Education met and the ment on January 31, of 74 persons, 27 prin- Superintendent presented his report filling cipals, 46 teachers, and one member of the the places of the 27 principals on the Board of Examiners, "the bone of content- Emeritus list by the election or transfer of ment" to use the words of a former board 76 principals as printed in the newspapers member. The Board, without discussion, then of January 22. It was adopted without dis- and there adopted the Superintendent's cussion although it contained no information recommendation . concerning the 41 newly elected elementary principals except their names . On Friday, January 22, the newspapers printed a report of the Superintendent which In the original report of the Superinten- was to be presented to the Board on Wednes-dent there was no time designated for these day, January 27. It contained the names of transfers and assignments to become effec- 76 schools whose principals were to be tive, but before the vote was taken on the shifted, 8 High Schools and 68 Elementary, report the Secretary read the following on account of the 27 principals to be retired paragraph which, he said, had been added January 31. Also the names of the 76 prin- to the report : "Said transfers and assign- cipals to be shifted, of whom 41 were to be ments to be effective on notice from the newly elected. Superintendent, except as otherwise stated herein ." On Monday, January 25, the 74 to be re- tired received in their schools notice of the At this meeting the Board, on the recom- Board's action on January 13 retiring them. mendation of the Superintendent, corrected These notices, signed by the Superintendent, the Emeritus List by removing the names of were dated January 20, but the envelopes con- the two teachers drawing pension since last taining them were post-marked January 22, September, thus reducing the list to 72 (Friday) . names . January 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 185 Summons To Court room service would be ineffective as the re- moval had already been accomplished and Shortly after the adoption of these two their successors installed . The teachers ' at- reports, and while the Board was still in ses- torney, Mr. Corboy, showed by the post mark sion, a tall gray-haired deputy sheriff en- on the envelopes that the official notices of tered the sanctum sanctorum of the Board their assignment to Emeritus Service, though and walked up to the desk of the president. dated January 20, were mailed to the teach- After a few whispered words the president ers on Friday, January 22 , and therefore stopped the proceedings, beckoned to an not received by the teachers until January assistant attorney of the Board, and the 25. The Petition for Injunction was filed on three consulted together inaudibly. Then Wednesday, January 27 . the Arm of the Law, accompanied by the assistant attorney of the Board , proceeded to the desks of the members of the Board Mr. Righeimer denied the possibility of a multiplicity of suits saying these Emeritus and served each with a summons to appear in Court in the case of Armstrong versus the Service people were willing to accept service ; City of Chicago, et al. A few mumbled that there were only three on this list who were objecting . words passed between the process server and each Board member as a spectator mur- mured "A silent reading lesson ! " And the Pension Rights Denied Board of Education was in Court again on Counsel for another of the 74, Mr. Samuel the complaint of teachers. Leland, a teacher in the McKinley High School , presented a separate petition for Mr. The principals thus transferred and elect- Leland, setting up that Mr. Leland was de- ed on Wednesday afternoon, received at prived of his pension rights by the action of their schools on Thursday morning notices, the Board . He had had only 18 years ser- dated January 27 and signed by the Super- vice in Chicago public schools. All his ser- intendent, directing them to report that vice prior to that time, while it was in Chi- morning to the schools to which they had cago, was in private institutions, and service been elected or transferred the day before . there is not counted for the pension . His petition was admitted and the hearing on In accordance with this notice the princi- his petition was set down for February 4, at pals reported for duty Thursday morning 2 o'clock, at the same time as the hearing on and again Friday morning to their new the Armstrong Bill of Complaint. places of duty. Therefore in about forty schools there were two principals on Thurs- The two principals and the teacher who day and Friday, January 28 and 29, while filed the Bill of Complaint did so as teach- in other schools there were none. ers and tax-payers . Their contention as teachers is that they were removed from On Friday, January 29, the attorney for their positions as principals and teachers in the complainant teachers filed a supple- violation of the Teachers' Tenure Law. Their mental Bill of Complaint setting up the facts contention as tax-payers is that the Emeritus of these transfers and consequent changed Service Rule of the Board of Education is conditions. The important parts of that sup- illegal and they asked the Court to enjoin plemental Bill of Complaint, and the Orig- the payment of money raised by taxation inal Bill of Complain are printed here, omit- for such illegal service. ting only the formal parts establishing the position of the officers named and other sim- On Saturday morning, January 30, the 72 ilar data . principals and teachers each received a com- munication from the Superintendent-print- On Saturday morning, January 30, the ed here in full-listing various kinds of case was before Judge Friend. Mr. Rig- Emeritus Service for these teachers and ask- heimer made a motion that it be continued ing each to indicate on the list his first four to a later date because of the importance of preferences and to return the list to the the issues involved, the late date of filing Superintendent. the Teachers' Petition, and because an in- junction to restrain the removal of these Counsel for the complainant teachers ad- principals and teachers from active school vised them that compliance with these in Page 186 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 structions might be construed as acceptance legal proceedings involving the Teachers' of Emeritus Service, that is as a contract Pension and Tenure Laws. The first re- with the Board for such service, that to ac- sponsibility resting on every member of the cept this service without protest would be to profession is to get the facts. The Bulletin waive their rights to return to active service aims to get these facts to every teacher as if the Courts should hold that this removal fully as space will permit. was in violation of the Tenure law. Injunction is the only proceeding that On advice of complainant's counsel no- these teachers could take before the ouster tices to that effect were mailed on Saturday, was accomplished, to prevent the ouster. special delivery, to each of the 72, together with a legal form of communication to sign If they waited until after they were re- moved the proceeding to restore them would and return with the acceptance. They were also advised that in case they failed to re- be mandamus proceeding. turn the sheet to the Superintendent with There is a double reason for asking the their preferences indicated such action might injunction. It would give them relief be- be considered a refusal to accept Emeritus fore the threatened action was taken. Service and therefore they would be legally out of the service. (This notice and the An Injunction proceeding also makes it Superintendent's Questionnaire are printed possible in one proceeding to adjudicate the in this issue of The Bulletin.) claims of the whole 74, whereas by man- damus there would have to be 74 separate suits . So that another ground for invoking Tenure and Pension Involved the injunction proceeding instead of man- damus proceeding would be to avoid a mul- The human-interest appeal is not the only tiplicity of suits. appeal made to the teachers in active serv- ice by the puzzling predicament of the 72 This is the first time there has been liti- principals and teachers catapulted out of gation in which the Teachers' Tenure Law the active service into they know not what has been involved. That law was passed by under an "Emeritus Service" Rule of the the Legislature in April, 1917, signed by the Board of Education the legality of which is Governor on the 20th day of April, one day the subject of Court inquiry. Every mem- after the Supreme Court had held that the ber of the teaching force is concerned in Chicago teachers were elected annually the this litigation because the Teachers' Tenure same as the rest of the teachers of the State Law and the Teachers' Pension Law are and were subject to dismissal at the end of both involved . the year. At the hearing on Saturday, January 30 , The Teachers ' Tenure Law constitutes two before Judge Friend on the Bill of Com- sections-Sections 138 and 161-of the plaint, filed by two of these principals and School Law for Chicago, generally known as one teacher, petitioning for an Injunction the Otis Law. against the enforcement of the Emeritus The teachers secured this Tenure Law Service Rule, the Attorney for the Board of after the " 68" teachers haid failed of re- Education, Mr. Righeimer said of this liti- gation : election at the end of the school year 1916. It was passed after the Board, under the "It involves not only the question of presidency of Jacob M. Loeb, without notice the retention of these particular com- or cause , dropped 68 teachers. They were plainants who come into the Court ask- restored to their positions a year later when ing relief in the service of the Board of Loeb and Mayor Thompson fell out. Those Education, but it involves, because of of the " 68 " who are still living will appre- the issues raised by the Bill of Com- ciate the predicament and sympathize with plaint, the right of the Board to act these new victims of the fortunes of war. under any circumstances, and it involves the validity of the Teachers ' Pension Act and of the Tenure of Office Bill." All teachers , for their own protection , should know all about these or any other Morerna. Hary January 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 187 The Spirit of 74 ! In order that the teachers may know the may be, authorizing each complainant to teach in the public schools in said city and to perform the re- ground whereon they stand, in regard to spective public services in said schools which is and has been by each of them so performed in said Emeritus Service, portions of the petition for city. * * * * an injunction filed on January 27, 1926 in Each of said complainants was more than ten ( 10 ) the Circuit Court of Cook County in the name years ago duly appointed by said Board of Education to be a teacher, that is, said Armstrong to be a prin- of James E. Armstrong against the City of cipal, and said Dodge to be a principal and said Hecox to be a teacher in the public schools of said Chicago et al are printed in this issue of The city of Chicago and each of them has continuously Bulletin . during all that time, rendered satisfactory service as such principal or teacher. Each such complainant In addition to the original petition, a sup- during all that time has been efficient and has com- plied with the rules of the Board of Education con- plemental petition and an intervening peti- cerning conduct and efficiency. Said James E. Arm- 5 tion have been filed . strong has so served as principal of the Englewood High School in said city, for the period of seven Important sections of the original petition years continuously last past and was a principal in follow : the public schools of said city for many years before * * * that time; and said Chester C. Dodge has continu- ously so served as the principal of Hibbard High These complainants, JAMES E. ARMSTRONG and School in said city for the period of nine years con- CHESTER C. DODGE and MARY R. HECOX, in their tinuously last past and was a principal in the public own behalf and in behalf of each of them and in be- schools of said city for many years before that time, half of such principals and teachers and members of and the said Mary R. Hecox has been a teacher in the teaching force in the public schools of the City the Cameron School in said city for more than fifteen of Chicago in the County of Cook and State of Illi- years last past and has been a teacher in the public nois, and in behalf of such other taxpayers of said schools of said city for nineteen years and five city, county and state, as may be similarly situated months, but has not been such a teacher in any of the and who may choose to join with these complainants public schools of said city for a period of twenty and become parties herein and hereto, bring and ex- years , and is a good teacher and has long been and is hibit this Bill of Complaint against the City of Chi- now rated and marked as " superior," which is the cago; the Board of Education of the City of Chicago highest grade for marking and has been and is so and William E. Dever, mayor of the City of Chicago; certified by said defendant, William McAndrew, super- John A. Cervenka, city treasurer of said city; Mar- intendent of schools . tin J. O'Brien, comptroller of the City of Chicago ; Edward B. Ellicott, president of the Board of Educa- There is no cause within the meaning of the statute tion of the City of Chicago and a member thereof; for the removal of any of the complainants from such Charles E. Gilbert, secretary of the said Board, Harry complainant's present position in the public schools H. Brackett, auditor of said Board ; Edgar N. Greene- of said city. No written charges have ever been pre- baum, vice president of said Board and a member ferred by the superintendent of schools against any thereof, and Julius F. Smietanka, J. Lewis Coath, Mrs. of these complainants, and no such charges have ever W. S. Hefferan, Charles T. Byrne, Mrs. Johanna been heard by said Board or any duly authorized com- Gregg, Edward B. Ellicott, John A. English, Edgar mittee of the same, and no thirty days' notice or any N. Greenebaum, Dr. Victor R. Schiller, James Mullen- notice whatever with or without a copy of any bach, Theophilus Schmid, members and acting as mem- charges has ever been served upon either or any of bers of the Board of Education of the City of Chi- these complainants ; and no charges have ever been cago; and William McAndrew, superintendent of made or preferred against any of them. None of schools of the City of Chicago, defendants, and re- these complainants has been present together with spectfully allege, represent, and show, and each of counsel or otherwise or offered any evidence or made said complainants respectfully alleges, represents , and any defense to any charges or been afforded any op- shows to this court that : portunity so to do. None of these complainants is or stands suspended as by the rules of said Board FIRST. Each of said complainants is and continu- prescribed or otherwise. Each of these complainants ously for many years last past has been a resident and is and for long has been in active and continuous a citizen and a taxpayer and a duly qualified legal service in the public schools of said city and a mem- voter of and in the said City of Chicago, and is and ber of the teaching force and engaged in either class- during all that time has been the owner of taxable room or supervising duties, and is now so engaged, property located in said city and county, and said and each of them is more than seventy years of age. Armstrong and Dodge and each of them is the owner said complainant, Mary R. Hecox has not been in of real estate located in said county and have paid active and continuous service for at least twenty years taxes levied on the same during and for many years and said complainants Armstrong and Dodge each of continuously last past before said year 1924, and them has been in such active and continuous service for and during all that time has been a teacher in in the public schools of said city for at least twenty the public schools of said city, that is to say, said years . The premises considered, each of these com- James E. Armstrong has been and is the principal plainants submits and insists that his or her status of the Englewood High School in said city, and said and position and employment in the teaching force Chester C. Dodge has been and is the principal of of said city as principal or teacher should under the the Hibbard High School in said city, and said Mary statutes of this state be determined by merit only and R. Hecox has been and is a teacher in the Cameron that the appointments of said complainant teacher School in said city, and each of said complainants had and of said complainant principals have by virtue of and still has a teacher's certificate, that is, a certifi- the statute, become permanent and are permanent , cate as such principal or as such teacher, as the case subject only to the rules of said Board concerning Page 188 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 conduct and efficiency, and subject to removal only [Here follows the report ( No. 13535-B ) entitled for cause in the manner provided by Section 161 of "Emeritus Service List" containing the names of the an act of the General Assembly of the state of Illi- 74 principals and teachers printed in The Bulletin of nois , entitled "An act to establish and maintain a January 18, 1926. ] system of free schools " ; approved and enforced June The names of these complainants are among the 12th, 1909 , as amended : and that the words " teachers names set forth in said last mentioned report. Pur- and principals" should be construed ( and they are suant to their said threats, said Board of Education here used) to include all members of the teaching and its members and said superintendent of schools force except the superintendent of schools, assistant and district superintendents , and members of the have given out to the public press and otherwise, that at a meeting of said Board to be held before said Board of Examiners as made and provided in Sections 138 and 161 , and the different sections of said last February 1st, 1926, and on Wednesday, January 27th, mentioned act as amended. A. D. 1926, at two o'clock P. M., at a meeting then to be held, or as soon thereafter as possible, they will FOURTH. Heretofore and on the 9th day of De- select persons to fill the present positions of each of cember, A. D. 1925, the Board of Education of the these complainants and of each of the other persons City of Chicago at its regular meeting then and there mentioned on said Emeritus Service list 13535-B, be- held, considered, and eight of its members then and ing seventy- four (74) in number. The premises con- there voted for the adoption of the following resolu- sidered, these complainants submit and insist that the tion: said resolution and said Sections 1 , 2 and 3 thereof, purporting to be new rules, are contrary to the limi- " BE IT RESOLVED , That the rules of the Board of tations contained in said Act to establish and main- Education of the City of Chicago be and the same are hereby amended by adding a new article to be known as tain a system of free schools , as amended, and be- Article 7 A, Chapter IV, and to read as follows : yond the power and authority of said Board of Edu- "Section I. There is hereby created a branch of the cation as limited by Section 131 of said Act and educational service of the Board of Education which other sections thereof, all as amended, and that said shall be known as Emeritus Service to which all mem- supposed last mentioned rules are void and of no bers of the teaching force including teachers , principals , effect .. supervisors , directors, district superintendents , assistant superintendents , superintendents, other than the Super- intendent of Schools, and examiners, except as here- SIXTH : In further carrying out their said threats inafter provided, shall be assigned when they shall to carry into effect said Sections 1, 2 and 3 and to have respectively reached the age of 70 years. Pro- vided, however, such assignments shall be made only in displace complainants and others from their said posi- cases where said persons have been in active and con- tions, said Board and the members thereof and the tinuous service in the public schools of the City of said superintendent of schools, have caused said sup- Chicago for at least twenty years prior to such retire- erintendent of schools to, and he has, on January ment. Hereafter no member of the teaching force shall be continued in classroom or supervising duties who 20th , 1926, sent a notice to each of the persons men- shall be more than seventy years of age. tioned in said report 13535-B, reciting the adoption "Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Superintendent of said report on January 13th, 1926, by said Board, of Schools on the first day of January and the first day and tersely, the substance thereof so far as the same of July in each year or as soon thereafter as possible, to report to the Board of Education in writing the names applies to the person mentioned in said report, and of all persons of the teaching force who have or will thereby notified each such person that at the close of have attained the age of 70 years on the first day of February or August next ensuing and he shall recom- January 31 , A. D. 1926, such person is retired from mend ( unless he is of the opinion that charges shall the regular classroom or supervisory service and is be preferred against such persons in accordance with the assigned to the class of service known as "Emeritus Statute and Rules in such cases made and provided) that such persons shall be retired from regular classroom or Service," subject to the call of the Superintendent supervisory service and shall be assigned to the class of Schools or Board of Education , for consultation of service known as Emeritus Service and be subject to and advice. Complainants say that said Board and the call of the Superintendent of Schools or the Board superintendent threaten and give out that on Feb- of Education for consultation, advice and such other service as may from time to time be required. ruary 1st, 1926, other persons will be placed in pos- "Section 3. Each person so transferred to Emeritus session of the positions of these complainants respec- Service shall be paid annually during the continuance tively and these complainants will be excluded from of such service a sum equal to one- half of the average annual salary received by such person during the ten their respective positions and prevented from holding years preceding his transfer to Emeritus Service, but the same or acting thereunder, all without any no person SO transferred shall receive annually less charges against them or trial thereunder. than fifteen hundred dollars ($ 1,500) nor more than twenty-five hundred ( $2,500) dollars . " SEVENTH . The complainants submit and insist that the enforcement of said rule would cause an un- And thereupon said Board of Education and said lawful and unconstitutional divergence of moneys members thereof ordain, give out and claim that raised by taxes, would be an unlawful and unconsti- thereby the said Sections 1, 2 and 3 mentioned in tutional deprivation of the right of the complainants said resolution, became and are rules of said Board of to contract for and concerning their services and with- Education and said Board of Education and members out due process of law would deprive them of prop- thereof and said superintendent of schools threaten erty and would be an abuse of the discretion vested and proclaim and announce that they and each of by law in the Board of Education and that said rule them will cause said supposing rules contained in is arbitrary, unreasonable, and void and in violation said resolution, to be enforced, carried out and of the state and federal constitutions . That the en- obeyed and threaten to expend and pay out and cause forcement of said rule would result in a multiplicity to be expended and paid out from the public school of suits and that the complainants have no adequate funds of said city and from the taxes levied on tax- remedy at law to recover the damages which they able property in said city for educational purposes , would suffer therefrom .. such sums of money as may be necessary to pay the said compensation and salaries mentioned in said Sec- FORASMUCH, THEREFORE, as the complainants tion 3 to the divers present members of the teaching herein are remedyless in the premises by the rules force of said city who may be placed in said Emeritus of common law and can have adequate relief only in Service, aggregating a large amount, to-wit, Sixty a Court of Equity, and to the end that the said de- Five Thousand ($ 65,000.00) Dollars, for this current fendants named in the first paragraph of this bill, year, payable in monthly installments hereafter, and who are made defendants to this Bill of Complaint for the year 1927, a sum much in excess of said last may full, true and perfect answer make under all mentioned aggregate sum. and similar the matters and things hereinbefore al- leged, reached, shown, stated and charged, but not FIFTH. And afterwards and on the 13th day of under oath, the answer under oath of said defendants January, A. D. 1926, the said Board of Education and each of them being hereby expressly waived, as at its regular meeting then and there being held in said to them and each of them, and it is hereby prayed city, adopted and concurred in a report of the said your Honors forthwith grant a provisional or pre- superintendent of schools which was and is in the liminary Writ of Injunction directed to said last words and figures following, to-wit: above named defendants and each of them and their January 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 189 3 ) attorneys , solicitors , agents and servants , officers , or any sums as or for compensation for Emeritus representatives and employes acting or claiming or Service. All until this Court in Chancery sitting assuming to act under the authority of said defend- shall make other order to the contrary and that upon ants or any one or more of them, and enjoining said the final hearing herein said injunction may be made defendants and each of them and their attorneys , so- perpetual and said rule or rules last above men- licitors , agents, servants , officers , representatives , em- tioned may be decreed to be unlawful, invalid, null ployes and successors in office, respectively, from in and void and held for naught and the same is con- any manner enforcing or attempting to enforce the trary to and in violation of the provisions of the con- rule or rules of the Board of Education of the city stitutions of the State of Illinois and the provisions of of Chicago particularly set forth in the Bill of Com- the constitution of the United States of America . plaint as Sections 1, 2 and 3 and commonly called the AND MAY IT PLEASE YOUR HONORS to grant "Emeritus Service" rule of the Board of Education such other , further and different relief in the prem- of the city of Chicago or any part or parts of said ises as equity may require and to your honor shall rule and from discriminating in any manner because seem meet . of said rule and the contents and substance thereof in the treatment, employment or failure to employ EIGHTH . May it please your Honors to cause said complainants or suspending or dismissing them this Summons in Chancery to be issued in due form from classroom or supervisory service of said Board by the Clerk of this County and under the seal there- dt of Education ( or in any recommendation concerning of commanding the sheriff of the said Cook County to any of said matters therefor ) as to principals , teach- summon the said defendants to be and appear before ers or other members of the teaching force of the this honorable court on the first day of the next term said Board of Education, and from preventing these thereof to be holden on the first Monday of March, complainants or any of them from continuing in their A. D. 1926, being the first day of said March , for respective classroom or supervisory duties and from then and there to answer this bill and stand by and k transferring these complainants or any of them to abide the further order of this Court . Emeritus Service and from reporting the names of NINTH . May it please your Honors to grant to all persons of the teaching force who have or will these complainants , the Peoples Writ of Injunction have attained the age seventy ( 70 ) years on the first directed to the said defendants mentioned in para- day of any then next February or August hereafter graph one of this bill, enjoining the said defendants and fron retiring or recommending the retirement or and others under them in manner and form as said in- considering such recommendation of retirement from junction is prayed for and set forth in the prayer regular classroom service or supervisory service of for relief. these complainants or any of them and from assign- (Signed) JAMES E. ARMSTRONG, ing these complainants or any of them to the class (Signed) CHESTER C. DODGE, of service known as Emeritus Service and from pay- (Signed) MARY R. HECOX , ing out or expending any moneys from the public Complainants . 1 school funds of said city or said Board and from the J. M. CORBOY, taxes collected for educational purposes in said city, Solicitor for Complainants . 1 Supplemental Petition is Filed in Emeritus Case Summarizes Follow-Up Steps of Board in Regard to Veterans As an aftermath of the original petition THREE . That thereafter on the day last afore- filed in the Emeritus Service suit, a supple- said, the said William McAndrew, Superintendent of Schools, caused written notice of the assignments in mental petition, indicating the action the said report and recommendation contained to be Superintendent and Board had taken to re- mailed to persons named in said last mentioned re- port and recommendation and action of the Board of move from active service positively and se- Education which persons were those assigned to posi- curely the persons on the Emeritus list, was tions as principals of schools then under the super- vision of principal of schools who had been previously subsequently filed . designated by the Board of Education as persons to Following is that portion of the petition be assigned to Emeritus Service. And the said Wil- liam McAndrew notified and directed persons so as- filed Friday night, January 29 , and not ap- signed to proceed on Thursday morning, the 28th pearing in the original petition, printed else- day of January, 1926, to, and said persons did pro- where in The Bulletin : ceed to the places of employment to which they were respectively assigned, including the schools then under TWO. The complaints by way of supplement, the supervision of the complainants, James E. Arm- further represent that since the filing of said bill, one strong and Chester C. Dodge, and declared them- of the defendants, William McAndrew, as Superin- selves to be entitled to and insisted upon taking the tendent of Schools, presented his report and recom- positions of said complainants . mendation to the defendant, the Board of Education, These complainants submit and insist that the at a meeting held by it on the 27th day of January, adoption of said last mentioned report as amended 1926, which said report and recommendation is in by said Board of Education upon the recommenda- words and figures substantially as follows : tion of said Superintendent of Schools did not con- [Here follows the Superintendent's Report No. stitute and was not a transfer of teachers or princi- 13642A recommending election and transfer of 79 principals and teachers set forth elsewhere in this pals or other employes in the teaching force "by the Bulletin. ] Board of Education" within the meaning of the pro- Which said report and recommendation was then and vision of Section 130 of an act of the General Assem- there concurred in, approved and adopted by the bly of the State of Illinois entitled "An Act to Estab- Board of Education. lish and Maintain a System of Free Schools" ap- Page 190 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 proved and enforced June 12th, 1909, as substan- ing or removing or retiring the said complainants or tially entitled; but was, in fact, a pretended attempted either of them from their respective status, positions delegation of the power and authority of the said and conditions and that said defendants be command- Board in that respect to the said William McAndrew, ed to order, direct and cause the several persons pur- Superintendent of Schools, to make the said trans- ported to be assigned to take the respective positions fers in each instance effective or not effective if he, of the complainants, to desist and refrain from in the said superintendent, in his discretion, pleased and any wise interfering or attempting to interfere with saw fit, and left it to the discretion of the said super- the complainants respectively in the respective posi- intendent to make or not to make all or any one or tions of these complainants and the performance of more of said transfers as in his discretion he might their respective duties therein as held by them at the see fit, and thereby said action of the Board of Edu- time of and prior to the filing of the original bill of cation became and was ineffective and illegal and complaint herein, all until the further order of this null and void, and said persons named in said last Court to the contrary, and upon the final hearing of mentioned report as transferred were not in and are this suit this Court shall order and decree that the not in legal effect so transferred at all. said acts and doings of the said Board of Education FORASMUCH, THEREFORE, as complainants are and Superintendent of Schools is without warrant without remedy in the premises , except in a court of and authority of law and null and void and of no equity, and to the end that the several defendants force or effect whatever, and that this, the complain- named in paragraph one of this supplemental bill, ants' bill of complaint may be deemed and taken as who are hereby made parties defendants to this sup- and for a bill of supplement to their original bill and plemental bill may be required to make full and di- that the complainants may have such other and fur- rect answer to this supplemental bill of complaint, ther relief in the premises as equity may require, and but not under oath, the answer under oath being to your Honors shall seem meet. hereby waived, as to each and every one of them, and (Signed) JAMES E. ARMSTRONG, it is hereby prayed that this court forthwith grant its ( Signed) CHESTER C. DODGE, provisional or preliminary injunctive order, ordering ( Signed) MARY R. HECOX, and directing the said Board of Education and Sup- erintendent of Schools to restore the complainants Complainants . to their former status , positions and conditions and J. M. CORBOY, be enjoined and restrained from thereafter dismiss- Solicitor for Complainants . " Will You Walk Into My Parlor ? " Said the Spider to the Fly The expedition with which the Board of EMERITUS SERVICE Education and the Superintendent of Schools January 29, 1926. are disposing of principals and teachers placed by them on the Emeritus` Service list is illustrated by the speed with which the Dear Sir, Madam: persons so placed, have been served with no- (A) Under the rules of the Board of Education tice to select the particular branch of ad- you are subject to the call of the Superintendent for consultation , advice, and such other service as may visory service which they wish to espouse . be required. The retired teachers leave their positions (B) This is a call for your advice as to your pref- erence for any of the following services. Some of and the new assignees take them, on Monday, them can be performed out of the city wherever you February 1. "Emeritus Service” communica- may be; some of them involve service in Chicago. tion from the Superintendent, dated January ( C) Please advise me of your intention so far as now known in the matter of your residence, whether 29 , asked those persons to indicate their within convenient reach of schools and libraries in preference in the list of suggested subjects on Chicago or whether in such locality as will make visits to Chicago institutions particularly incon- which the Superintendent wished advice. Ac- venient . cording to legal advice given the 72 princi- (D) Please enter against the following assignments the numbers 1 , 2, 3, 4, etc., as showing your prefer- pals and teachers on the Emeritus Service list, ence. It is my intention to suit in so far as I am by indicating which service they prefer, they able the convenience of those assigned. will automatically accept Emeritus Service SERVICE NEEDED BY DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION and in order to preserve their rights should Chicago Public Schools Courts declare the Emeritus Service rule il- 1. Advice on revision of the course of study. Gen- legal they were advised to accept the Emeri- eral and particular formulation of aims or tus Service under protest. objectives . 2. New course in reading. Following is the Superintendent's com- 3. Ditto, spelling. 4. Ditto, penmanship . munication ; by checking which, according to 5. Ditto, elementary school mathematics . legal counsel, the members of the Emeritus 6. Ditto, Boy's manual training Service list committed themselves to Emeritus 7. Ditto, Girl's manual training . 8. Ditto, Homemaking. Service : 9. Physical training-health . January 30 , 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 191 опри 10. Ditto, Drawing and Art appreciation. 55. Education of the foreign born. 11. Ditto, music. 56. Visiting teachers . On bee 12. Ditto, citizenship and social studies-history, 57. Vocational guidance. etc. 58. Corrective schools . din 13. Ditto, character training 59. Financing public education. fra 14. Ditto, safety instruction. 60. Training of teachers in service. inte 15. Ditto, kindergarten procedure and articulation 61. Rating of teachers . -special classes, instruction of handicapped ; 62. Teacher participation . specify. 63. Sabbatical year. 12 16. Ditto, Geography. 64. Co-operation with municipal agencies , parks , li- 17. Nature study. braries , etc. orde 18. Junior high school general and particular object- 65. Articulation of Normal school training with gen- ives-specify your choice. eral policy. cre! 19 . General and particular aims of secondary school 66. Examinations as aid to teaching . of 67. Tests and measurements . instruction. Revision of high school English . 20. Ditto, French. 68 . Promotion, retardation, and repetition of grades, 21. Ditto, German . as affecting expense, buildings , etc. 22. Ditto, other modern languages . 69. Interruptions to teaching. 23. Ditto, Latin. 70. Teachers ' salaries —bonus system, etc. 24. Ditto, high school mathematics . 71. Experimental classes . 25. Ditto, general science. 1 72. Buildings and educational equipment. 26. Ditto, physics. 73. Pupils' records and report cards . 27. Ditto, chemistry. 74. Appraisal of text books, supplementary reading T 28. Ditto, botany. and library books submitted by publishers 29. Ditto, zoology. for adoption. 30. Ditto, astronomy. 75. Retirement and pension systems . 31. Ditto, United States history and civics . 76. Correlation between elementary and junior high , 32. Ditto, English history. junior high and high school . 33. Ditto, ancient history. 77 . Correlation between kindergarten and first and 34. Ditto, high school art. 7- second grades . 35. Ditto, high school music. 78. Preservation in upper grades of habits secured in 36. Ditto, high school physical training . the lower. = 37. Ditto, use of library. 79. Junior and senior college as a municipal activity. 38. Ditto, Commercial subjects . 80. Needed school legislation . 39. Ditto, trade and technical subjects . 81. Home work-value, kind, uses and abuses . 40. Supervised study in elementary schools . 82. Material for educational history of Chicago pub- 41. Supervised study in junior and senior high schools . lic schools. 42. Student participation in school management , ele- 83. Examination and criticism of material already in mentary. hand for a school hand-book for principals. 43. Ditto, Junior high school. 84. Visitation and report upon valuable work seen in 44. Ditto, Senior high school. schools outside of Chicago or in other than 45. Extra curricula activities-elementary . public schools in Chicago . 46. Ditto, Junior high. 85. Estimate of the value of professional books and 47. Ditto, Senior high. monographs. 48. Improved use of assemblies—auditorium. 86. Any other educational problem preferred by you. 49. Platoon organization. Suggestions and assistance in working out any of 50. All-year schools-elementary. these problems will be provided for in correspondence 51. Ditto, Junior high. and conference with the collaborators . 52. Ditto, Senior high . 53. Continuation schools . WM . McANDREW, 54. Evening schools . Superintendent of Schools . 1 In Which a Principal Shows How the " Merit " Goes Out of Emeritus Mr. Armstrong Tells Those on List How to Protect Selves In order that teachers on the Emeritus dressed to him, you will be waiving your right to your present position and you cannot be restored to list might safeguard themselves, James E. the same, even if the Court holds that you have been Armstrong, a complainant in the Bill of Com- illegally discharged. plaint against the Emeritus Service rule sent If you do not fill out Mr. McAndrew's blank and the following letter Saturday night, January mail it to him, you will not be accepting that service and you will not be in that service. 30, to those on the list : I am advised that you should sign and mail at once January 30, 1926. both of the enclosed letters, but if you do not care to Dear Friend: go into the suit, for your own protection you should IN REGARD TO THE "EMERITUS SERVICE " at least sign and mail the one to Mr. McAndrew with COMMUNICATION DATED JANUARY 29 FROM your reply to his communication, indicating thereon SUPERINTENDENT McANDREW. your preferences . Yours truly, If you do not attach to your reply to above com- JAMES E. ARMSTRONG . munication of Mr. McAndrew the enclosed letter ad- Page 192 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30. 1926 Chicago University, It Would Seem, a Name to Conjure With Superintendent Recommends Election and Transfer of Principals Apparently great Schools of Education like rent educational thought, other professional services, service . great events, cast their shadows before. At AUSTIN-Wilbur H. Wright, former principal of the Parker any rate , significant is the fact that of the High , replaces George H. Rockwood, retiring. ENGLEWOOD-David M. Davidson, principal of the Glad- assignees described in Report No. 13642 A stone ( elementary) , replaces James E. Armstrong, retiring. which is a recommendation from the Super- HIBBARD and elementary-James T. Gaffney, principal of the Farren (elementary) , replaces Chester C. Dodge, retiring. intendent on the transfer and election of prin- MARSHALL and elementary-George A. Beers, principal of the Clarke (elementary) , replaces Louis J. Block, retiring. cipals to take the places of those retired on McKINLEY-Caroline L. Reilly, principal of the Agassiz (elementary) , replaces George M. Clayberg, retiring. Emeritus Service —significant is the fact, that PARKER-Butler Laughlin, principal of the Libby (elemen- all but two of the High School Principals tary) , assigned . PHILLIPS-Chauncey Willard, executive secretary to Supt. newly elected or transferred whose qualifi- McAndrew, assigned. cations are listed, had studied at the Univer- TILDEN-Albert W. Evans, principal of the Phillips high, replaces Edward C. Rosseter, retiring. sity of Chicago . There are no qualifications listed for the 41 elementary principals newly ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS . elected . The appointments and transfers of elementary school prin- cipals are: Interesting also was the observation of At- School Old Principal New Principal. Fiske Harry T. Baker, Isabel G. Graham torney Righeimer before Judge Friend, that Gresham. .Isabel G. Graham, Helen Kull Libby .B. Laughlin, Marie M. Mattocks the Emeritus Service and its subsequent trans- Gladstone .D. M. Davidson, Paul R. Pierce Farren fers and elections, resulted in 210 changes in James T. Gaffney, C. W. Brittan Clarke George A. Beers, J. C. Thompson Agassiz Caroline L. Reilly, Ernest Cole the Chicago schools . Earle Ernest Cole, William T. McCoy Alcott William C. Dodge, Thomas Crofts Following is the introduction to the Sup- Foster Thomas Crofts, Paul H. Beck Arnold .Mrs . A. E. Canfield, J. L. O'Brien erintendent's recommendation presented to Avondale ....... J. H. Stehman, Gertrude S. Pease Swing Gertrude S. Pease, Mercedes H. Howe the Board January 27, 1926, and concurred *Lyon Beale Vangie R. Morrisey John W. May, Donald McQueen in by the Board ; and also the changes in Kershaw Donald McQueen, Otto Schenk Belding Charles A. Cook, Ida M. Tregellas high school principalships : Plamondon Ida M. Tregellas , Bertha Giffey Cameron.. ...H. L. Merril, Henry H. Hagen 13,642-A Higinbotham .H . H. Hagen, G. H. Wilkinson Delano PRINCIPALS OF HIGH SCHOOLS , EXAMINER, .G. Osinga, Irvin A. Wilson M. Sheridan ...I. A. Wilson, H. E. McGuire PRINCIPALS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS , Gulton Clara A. McFarlin, W. R. Bowlin Hamilton VARIOUS SCHOOLS-TRANSFER AND ELECT. M. Elizabeth Farson, J. E. Huber Monroe ...J. E. Huber, Ellen M. Sanders Hawthorne TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION, CHICAGO: .G. W. Davis, Kate M. Flanagan Peabody .K. M. Flanagan, F. O. Mussel Irving .J. W. Troeger, M. C. Lipman Before making these nominations I have devoted Keith .M. C. Lipman, J. Le Roy Carter attention to the records of work of the entire sys- Jahn.. .C. H. Leach, Thecla Doniat Fallon tem. I have considered carefully the requirements McPherson Thecla Doniat, Anna Henry .A. E. Jordan, K. A. Riordan of the different positions to be filled and have se- Rezin Orr .K. A. Riordan, R. D. Gregg Morris lected the nominees on the basis of only the needs McClellan. .L. Heinroth, A. W. Schroeder of the position. No communications urging or sug- Pullman. .A. W. Schroeder, C. J. Schwede .D. R. Martin, Aaron Kline gesting the following persons have been received by Drake Aaron Kline , C. L. Williams me, except in answer to specific questions as to the Ravenswood .J. F. Kletzing, E. Richardson Revere .E . Richardson, Mary Dopp success of the work in which these nominees have Schneider .E. E. Fisk, Mildred Fahy been and are engaged: the progress of their pupils , Phil Sheridan . ..E. L. C. Morse, J. McCarthy the condition of their schools, the records of service, Sherman.. ... L. T. Regan, F. G. Rogers Colman. ... F. G. Rogers, J. L. McBride and the results of special tests and examinations of Van Vlissengen.. .G. A. Brennan, R. C. Horine their pupils and of themselves . No oral communica- Burroughs .R. C. Horine, B. O. Graham tions from friends of these candidates or from other Nash.... .F. J. Watson , R. B. Henley persons have been received by me . This statement Clearing. ...R. B. Henley, J. B. Shine *Brennan. Fred W. Schacht is made in accordance with your rule on Assignments, *Lewis Loretta M. McLindon Promotions, etc., adopted by you April 28, 1925. All` *Clinton Ida L. Jaeger Lincoln Ida L. Jaeger, M. A. Roher of the following nominations for promotion are based *Coles Anna F. Mullay on the results of an examination conducted by me Sullivan. Anna F. Mullay, A. C. Stewart and covering present problems, propositions for their *Hale ..Franklin C. Donecker solution, chief needs in present positions and steps Ogden .. .F. C. Donecker, Louis L. Blazier Scammon Mary E. Twohig taken to satisfy them, details of education, teaching Hayes.... ...M. E. Twohig, J. M. Clinnin and supervisory experience, steps taken to keep Emerson (Hayes branch) , H. M. Richards abreast of educational progress, contributions to cur- * Palmer Avery Wolfrum ratings of supervisory officers , accomplishments of *Nightingale Katherine Rueff Healy Katherine Rueff, H. C. McKinsie pupils, rankings of schools , age and expectancy of *Bridge Anna M. Kearns January 30 , 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 193 *Mann .M. B. Livingston 1 .M. B. Livingston, D. C. Rogers Englewood High . Smyth *Sutherland. ...L. M. Williamson 1 Barnard. .L. M. Williamson, Alma Swane Fenger High . *Hitch. .... J. H. Murray Harrison Tech .. 1 *Peck Marie A. Martin Lake View High . 1 *New school, new appointee to be first official principal. 1 Phillips High ... Sidelights on Appointees Schurz High ..... 1 There were forty-one new elementary Morgan Pk . High . 1 Cregier Elementary. 1 principalships created ; forty of the forty-one passed the principals' examination of Sep- tember 27, 1924. The other one -Charles Total 41 72 W. Schwede of Senn High -passed on Don Rogers-No teaching experience in June 27, 1922. One is not now, and never Chicago ; Secretary of Principal's Club for has been in the service of the Board of Educa- about 3 years. Came from outside of Illinois f tion of Chicago ; one was formerly an elemen- to that position . Recommended for the tary teacher and is now employed as clerk Smyth School . on a teacher's certificate in the office of the Vangie Morrisey -Entered the Chicago F Superintendent of Schools ; five were, when service after January 1, 1906 ; taught in the 4 elected, teaching in the Normal College ; one Parental School until October 28, 1925, when in the Junior College ; thirty-two in high she was assigned to Crane Tech. Has no ex- schools ; and one was teaching in an elemen- perience in Chicago elementary schools . tary school. Recommended for the Lyon School ( a new A Never in the Chicago schools .............. 1 school ) . Former teacher now in Supt's office .... 1 Marie Mattocks —Assigned at Talcott, Teachers in: about January, 1915. Taught there and at Normal College . 5 the Howland under A. B. Wight as prin- Lane Tech ... 5 cipal ; transferred to the Dante and in 1922 Crane Tech . and Jr. College . 4 was transferred to the Superintendent's of- Senn High . 4 fice . Has about 7 years teaching experience ; Austin High . 3 for the Libby School. Bowen High .. 2 It was pointed out by a member of the Hibbard High. 2 Board at its meeting, January 27, that 30 of Lindblom Tech ... 2 the 41 new elementary principals, had not Marshall High . 2 had a day's experience as elementary teach- Tilden Tech ..... 2 er in the Chicago schools . Finance and Taxation Are Discussed By Teacher Second Installment Of Miss Spooner's Address Printed School finance and taxation were discussed by Miss The question we most often meet as an Julia Spooner of Portland, Ore., past president of the Department of Classroom teachers of the N. E. A. at organization is "Can you show us how to get the convention of the Illinois State Teachers' Associa- the money needed to pay teachers who have tion in December at Springfield. invested more in preparation-to lengthen The Bulletin prints the second part of Miss Spoon- er's address in this issue. The first installment was terms-to provide for terminal costs in- in the January 18 number. volved in these projects ? " This question Following is the last half of Miss Spooner's talk with a few deletions made necessary by lack of space places before us one of the new responsi- in The Bulletin: bilities of organizations. We are not asking The teacher comes in touch with the in- these changes for ourselves but we must not dividual in the community where the admin- raise a question we are not at least willing istrator meets the group. With both organ- the help answer. Our major functions as ized to promote a definite program and both organizations have been social, civic and understanding and accepting responsibility, professional. Now our professional duties we should be able to do this thing . must be expanded to cover a theory of Page 194 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 school finance. Not just our leaders but teaching corps was constantly shifting or our general membership must know sources constantly destroying or renewing itself. To- of possible revenue and must realize that day the business responsibilities, the partici- the present general systems of taxation are pation in community activities, the constant inadequate. Property can no longer bear conference between systems which is to the entire burden of taxation. Property ap- make ours a national education, compel the preciation in few districts today will meet superintendent to make his contact with his the need of increasing costs. To develop teachers more or less incidental. an educational policy which may expand Principals and supervisors, however able over a period of ten or fifteen years in the and well disposed they are, cannot take over manner that business develops its policies, the relationship formerly exercised by the requires a more certain source of revenue . superintendent. They are too near their Bonding is not a sound procedure . Of course contact is too personal and too limited-al- we realize that much property has escaped though many times they furnish inspiration its rightful share of taxation. Teachers of and become true leaders. But there is often this state have performed a worthy service danger of confusing the demand for profes- in demonstrating that fact. In this middle sional attachment and loyalty with the de- west, too, it seems that your tax problem is sire for personal attachment and loyalty ; complicated by the problem of your tenant working together to build problems often farmer, who being footloose can move to develops a true friendship and mutual appre- richer districts when the burden of taxation ciation but it seldom affords the opportunity is transferred too heavily to him. for giving the principal the position of im- personal , self-less leadership which must Must Study Tax Problem exist for the development of a teaching Here is a real service the teachers' organi- corps . zations can perform. As they demand more for education they must study their local What " Organization” Does taxation problems and give intelligent assist- The " organization " of today comes ance in solving them. How many of us nearer to assuming this position than any have heard "The board could pay higher thing else in the system. It conducts with- salaries . They have the money. " It is our in its membership surveys dealing with business to know that before we say it. How growth in service, stimulates professional re- to finance education is the critical problem search, spurs its membership to assume pro- of today. It can not be settled by any pro- fessional obligations, sets standards of pro- nouncement by tax experts, superintendents, fessional behavior, and assumes a guardian- boards of control, tax conservation commis- ship over the professional ideals and ob- sioners or what not. It is a job for every- jectives of the classroom work. To some body, and teachers' organizations cannot and unthinking critics this assumption has ap- dare not side step it any longer. Our prob- peared presumptuous or even ridiculous yet 1 lem is to know before we say, and when we it has within it the beginning of a profes- know , to act . sional philosophy which may prove ve to be In the second place, the new relation of the greatest force in American education the superintendent to his educational system, twenty years from now. involves another new responsibility for or- The organization is the collective will of ganizations. When we of my age began the teachers of a system. It must have to teach, it was possible for the superintend- leadership, of course, but except in its most ent in all but a few of the larger cities, to crude manifestations, that leadership is im- come into personal contact with his teachers, personal. Given trained and professionally- if he wished to do so . In most instances he minded teachers, organization ideals will was a very actual supervisor, advisor, in- be high and their methods effective. Long spiration and the actual educational leader. since education ceased to be a one-man job. Today with the demands made upon him, In a democracy this was bound to be so. such relations are almost impossible except It takes a big man or a big woman so to in very small places. It was the superintend- organize the teachers of a community for ent who very largely created the profes- professional development, that they will sional atmosphere , who furnished the incen- through their own initiative and energy aid tive for growth in service, who gave the in the wise determination and administration touch of solidarity to a system in which the of educational policies for the system in January 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 195 which they work. A small administrator the germ is developing and since it is highly fears such a situation and there are cer- contagious, it is safe to predict that within tainly dangers involved, through which we the next score of years we will have seen tehave not completely progressed. An un- much of the country exposed to it. We can- wise administrator precipitates difficulties in not consent to call it disease for it seems to such a situation . A wise one works with his us a most healthful condition, conducive to organizations for the mutual benefit of all far greater comfort than the traditional ex- - and no greater glory can ever come to him perience ever gave. in the educational world than the knowledge Perhaps the greatest possibility in the fu- that he has been able to create conditions ture of organizations lies in the changing under which his united groups through their attitudes of teachers toward other teachers, own volitions were able to attain the most toward childhood generally, not just the + worthy educational objectives. children of one community, and toward the Paternal Attitude Past community itself, and toward their work. Frequently conditions arise today which create problems that teachers would for- Times Have Changed merly have taken to their superintendents . Long ago, when I first began to teach, His time cannot be consumed today. The we were at the height of that vogue which paternal advisory attitude is fast passing interpreted the child as the plastic clay, yet something must take its place so long as ready for the hand of the sculptor who, we teachers are human and enter into community were instructed, was to be the teacher in relationships. To meet this need, organiza- whose sole hands lay the destiny of this tions today are forming advisory commit- quiescent bit of impressionable matter. Some tees of their wisest, most experienced mem- times we were told that the child placed in bers. Some have called them "trouble" our hands for five out of the 24 hours was ■ committees ; others have used more dignified a clean white tablet waiting for the hand terms. Such "Teachers Affairs " committees of the engraver, who would inscribe upon are already being looked to by boards and its surface those fair words which would superintendents as intermediaries in delicate form a masterpiece. If the teacher were situations and many a problem has been conscientious and able and gifted and indus- solved with out publicity or needless embar- trious, loyal to the system, and had the rassment for either teacher or other factor . proper attitude toward her superior officers, So long as organizations have no preview- the tablet and the clay would eventually ing of candidates for election they cannot take their places in the world's affairs as be held responsible for the character of the the perfect creations which the public has teachers admitted to service . But as quali- the right to demand from its schools . It took fication standards rise and rules of admis- a long time for some of us to realize that sion are more strictly adhered to, organiza- in the other 19 hours of the day other forces tions are bound to take upon themselves a were modeling and inscribing. Many of us certain guardianship, not of the individual were slow to comprehend that the doctrine but of the profession, and in this way will of original (sin) was not the outgrowth of perform a definite service to the community . a dyspeptic philosophy but was based upon This new relationship of the teacher to long generations of accurate observation and those who are responsible for the direction sound psychological study. We have been of education, is most interesting to those obliged to reconstruct our theories of edu- who have traced the development of educa- cation somewhat as we have realized that tional procedure in this country. In its best elimination and substitution must be as much expression, it is a recognition that the busi- a part of our planning as is imposition. ness of education must be conducted by a Though we have come to realize that other partnership of interest and that the policy of " laissez-faire" is going in education as it factors than the teacher play an increas- is in industry. We do not mean to say that ingly prominent part in education, we do ap- it is completely achieved in any place, or preciate as never before that the teacher in partially achieved in many places, but the the elementary grades at least, has supreme symptoms have appeared in so many places power over the child's formal education. The that diagnosis is practically safe . The pe- classroom teacher is therefore worth con- riod of incubation may be short or long, but sideration. Page 196 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 Royal Road to Learning teaches a non-selected, cross-section of the As a national entity the classroom teacher entire population whose attendance is oblig- has not essentially changed in the last five atory, and the other teaches a sifted group decades. Her classes have. We have al- whose only compulsion is the will of the ways talked of "the whole childhood of the parent and the force of example, a barrier nation in school" but until the last few of distinctions in salary, hours of service and years it has been figurative, not literal . To- special consideration of conditions for serv- day's teacher is teaching the lame, the halt ice is immediately erected. The one resents and the blind, both physically and mentally, the attitude on the part of the public that the and in most instances, is expected to take age of the child she teaches shall govern her. them over the "Royal Road to Learning" social and economic status. The other pro- at the same pace that the others keep. She fesses to fear the "leveling influence " of a is teaching those who come eagerly, those possible elimination of the barrier, and both who come willingly, those who come reluct- of us teach the child that the greatest les- antly and those who come because the law son the new world has given the old has compels them. None may quit as in the old been that here artificial, traditionary class days, until he has his magic slip which indi- distinctions are swallowed up in our recog- cates that he has " done time " at least. The nition of the intrinsic value of the worker classroom teacher today is preparing chil- and his work. dren for a world their grandparents could not imagine . There is too much power for Two Major Tasks good or for evil in her hands to select her In our organization from now on we must carelessly , train her meagerly, pay her set our selves two major tasks in this connec- grudgingly, and neglect her casually. To- tion. One, to make our group participants in day the teacher, the country over, is scarcely the activities of our professional organizations a citizen of the community she serves , yet and of our communities, in order to insure our she prepares the children for service in that own development and to the end that the community. We have said she is too busy teaching service be improved; the other, to to participate in the activities of the neigh- convince our own members and the general borhood-she must study. We now say- public that no one year of child's school life is more critical or more valuable so far as the let more of that study be done before she is certificated and let more of her study state is concerned than any other and that after certification be first hand observation false standards of value set up by ignorance and maintained because of mental inertia or and application of principles she has been taught. Testing theories is as valuable as special privilege or what not, must be super- memorizing them. We have had too much seded by a recognition by the public of the of the Chinese type of scholarship in our fact that equal preparation and equal experi- preparation for teaching . ence should command equal pay, whether the child taught is in his first, his eighth or his This continent long since decreed against twelfth year of school life. the policy of having its education adminis- We believe the classroom teacher has done tered from the cloisters by those who live and is doing a Herculean task that has not remote from contact with the work- a-day been over estimated even by our orators in world in which their students must prove the their holiday mood or when they are seeking efficacy of their teaching . Yet the tradition office . persists and we permit our teachers in many We know that children are learning more, sections today to live lives almost as isolated faster and earlier than ever before in the as the teachers of the middle ages did and isolation breeds strange conceptions of life . world's history. We know that never was the subject matter more free from unnecessary, We ridicule the Hindoos for their ad- extraneous and unrelated material or more herence to caste system . We practice one of easily translated into the child's actual living our own as silly and without the excuse the needs and experiences. We know the child Hindoos have, that theirs originated in the is getting value received for the effort ex- necessity of preserving national distinctions pended as never before in school history. But and purity of blood . Two teachers of the we know that in the U. S. today there are same race, color, language, mode of life enough children between 7 and 13 years of graduate from the same institutions and are age not attending any institution of learning assigned to teaching positions . Because one whatever to fill nearly 30 school systems the January 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 197 Et size of my home city. We know the economic Exclusive...butnotExpensive A Discount of El and social waste resulting from "total abstin- 10% ence from education " and from inadequate tying up of school to life is appalling. We know that a large part of the work of the Murray-BlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Ground Floor Allowed to School Teachers Between Madison and Washington teacher in the future is to be outside her IN school room . FIN FINAL SALE of Luxurious Finer Professional Dry Rot We know that the teaching business in the FUR ed past and present has suffered considerably from professional dry rot, scab, scale and COATS The Greatest Reductions blight. We know that the cure of these con- ever made in the history of Chicago The most ... editions is being pretty largely left for us to stupendous values in Fur accomplish which is of course the better Coats ever offered ... My though the slower method . and the most complete assortment of beautiful Fur Pelts . The great inquiry into subject matter and methodology which is being carried on through all our research bureaus today and $ 100 which is to result in a recasting of educational Values to $225 Finest Trimmed values, must center in the child. The child is Peltries with in the care of the teacher who in Platinum Caracul Red Fox Bronze or most instances administers the tests or per- Natural Opossum Fitch forms the experiments involved in these in- Marmink Beige Squirrel Beaver Murray- Northern Seal Black Silver Rat Marten vestigations . An understanding of their pur- Raccoon Opossum Brown Fox Furs Mink-Marmot poses promotes their effectiveness. A fair and Mendoza Beaver Are P open minded attitude toward educational in- Other Fur Coats Reduced Guaranteed e quiry facilitates the work. Organizations 35% to 50% must foster this. To insure the public sym- THE GRACE HICKOX STUDIOS pathy and understanding, direct contact must Accredited by Chicago Board of Education be kept with those whose children are being Fine Arts Building, Chicago TEACHING ACTING PRODUCING educated. In the past we have gone to the DALCROZE EURYTHMICS Definite Training for Definite Work. Special Term of forty public and explained our purposes and meth- hours for Teacher's Credits Forming now in Diction, Dramatic Technique, Staging of Plays and Stagecraft. tods only when we wanted a tax levy or a For further information address Studio. Telephone Wabash 8572 bond issue. That type of co-operation must be changed. School publicity must be con- BERTHA ОТТ Announces the following CONCERT and RECITALS tinuous, frank and complete. Here is where under her management during February the organization must assume another respon- Studebaker Harold Bauer, pianist, and Pablo Casals, cellist, joint recital, Theatre, Sunday afternoon, February 7th. Seats sibility. Since teachers touch the child with $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, $ 2.75, tax included, at box office now. Jacques Thibaud, violinist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday, one hand and the parent with the other, their afternoon , February 7th, at 3:30 . Seats $1.10, $ 1.65 , $2.20 tax included, at box office now. opportunity for publicity is boundless. Wise Clara Bloomfield, singer of folk songs and lieder, recital, Kimball Hall, Tuesday evening, February 9th, at 8:15 . Seats communities make this contact possible $2.20, $1.65, $ 1.10, tax included, at box office now. Mieczysław Munz, pianist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday through giving time without loss of pay to afternoon, February 14th, at 3:30. Seats $ 2.20 tax included, at the box office now. 85c, $1.10, $1.65, representatives of responsible organizations John Coates, tenor, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday after- noon, February 21st, at 3:30. Seats $1.10, $1.65, $2.20 tax for attendance at conventions and conferences included. Mail orders now. Ossip Gabrilowitsch, sixth of a series of six historical recitals of Parent Teacher Organizations, civic clubs, with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, February 21st, at 3:30 . Seats $1.10, $1.65, $ 2.20, tax included. Labor Unions and other organizations not Mail orders now. Ignaz Friedman, pianist recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday strictly educational, and this liberal policy afternoon, February 28th, at 3:30 . Florizel von Reuter, violinist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- has been well repaid through the advanced day afternoon, February 28th, at 3:30. Tickets can be secured by addressing ✓ understanding of school problems in the com- BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. munity. The wise organization makes this contact CLASS PINS possible through local publications giving RINGS ::: TROPHIES publicity to school needs, school aims, ideals CHAS . A. WINSHIP & CO . and their accomplishments in all parts of 707 Capitol Bldg. the country. Such publication should be in 159 No. State St. Central 1380 the hands of every school official, every par- Page 198 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 ent teacher head, every labor union presi- SOCKET FIT SHOES dent and every president of a woman's club FOR COMFORT or civic club . Most men's clubs have educa- Here, our one aim is to give you foot com- tion committees whose chairman should re- fort. Our shoes, as well as our ceive your message. Insensibly, you should service, are designed find, your community will adopt your educa- toward that 10% end. Our tional plans and policies, if they are worth Discount business During thrives on the satisfaction we adopting. Ours is a job worth having. This give comfort lovers . February business of "Don't let anybody suspect you D. C. LOCKE'S are a teacher" is about done for. Speed the day when it is gone for ever. Can our organ- In the SOCKET FIT Formerly izations instill into the minds of young the ofthe SHOE Lobby STORE College teachers by the force of precept and example Shops Boot that there is the joy of high adventure in our Bldg. 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Shop work as in no other ? CHICAGO. ILLINOIS Cure for Doldrums SEE EUROPE THRU MENTOR TOURS One of the first teachers that I knew well England, Holland, Belgium, The Rhine, Switzerland, Italian Lakes, Italy ( Including Naples ) the Riviera and France. when I began teaching gave me one day her $595 for 58 Days cure for doldrums. When she grew rebel- Other trips arranged for. Address inquiries to lious and weary of her work she sat down and MRS . B. FRANK BROWN 955 West Grand Avenue Chicago figured out what her salary was for each second she spent in the school room. One scarcely knows whether to label it humor or NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART pathos. Our spare time courses offer oppor- tunity to Chicago teachers for art training in its practical, as well as A few years ago a well known bishop in cultural phases. Curriculum Includes our town, whom we borrowed, by the way, Galleries open day Nude Life, Portraiture, Illustration, from Chicago, chanced to preside over a state and eve- Design, Commercial Fundamentals, In- ning. Illus- trated terior Decoration, Glassware, Wooden- ware, Lamp Shade, Furniture Decorat- welfare meeting in which the various depart- catalog on request ing. Day, Evening, Saturday, Sunday and Home Study Courses . ments of the school service were also repre- NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART sented . He prefaced his introduction of the Proctor M. Fiske, Director subject and of us by the statement that he PELOUZE BLDG. , 230 EAST OHIO STREET was glad to see the schools become interested in social welfare, if for no other reason than Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. to relieve the teachers of the deadly monotony on hand Remodeling and Repairing and the ceaseless humdrum of their lives . NewCoatsMade to Order Those are his words. Monotony and hum- 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph drum ! When with community, superinten- Central 6049 Established 1897 dents, supervisors, school boards, parents and children, you are a participant in a six ring circus every day of your life, with adventure just around the corner every minute of the Dora Furlong Incorporated day ! Ulysses had nothing on us when it comes to variety of experience. 624 So. Michigan Avenue Blum Bldg. Phone Wabash 2595 Ulysses was a rover, a roamer and a rover Permanent waving by the most competent operators While I am but a stay at home with never We guarantee all permanent waving to be the very best that can be secured any where chance to flee, Entire Head $8.00 But when I dream of wandering the wide world blithely over The spirit of Ulysses wakes in me. MACLEAN COLLEGE of Music, Dramatic and Speech Arts "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft The teacher who gets the most out of her Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work work goes into it with this sense of high ad- Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, venture and seldom fails to find it. We must Promotional Credits for Teachers . DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. persuade the public to cease saying what the 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO thinking part of it long since ceased to believe January 30 , 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 199 "Any dead one can be a teacher. " "The old order changeth, yieldeth place to the new. " We made many mistakes in the past-we shall probably make many in the The great central 02 future. We have not always known our ob- meeting place before jectives-we do not now see clearly what lies before us. A few years ago a keen observer and after the matinee of organizations was asked to epitomize the origin and accomplishments and forecast the Most of the things of life really worth future of teachers ' organizations . This was while are within reach of average pros- what she handed in to the dignified publica- perity. If one make the necessary dis- tion that had made the request. " Where did we come from ? ' Reader dear, tinction between things that are cheap, Lend us an ear and thou shalt hear . merely, and things that are not costly 'What are we here for ? ' a bright one he may, without much wealth, possess asks,- a full share of the material things that Behold the last of our many tasks ; make substantial contribution to enjoy- 'Where shall we be at the end of day ? ' ment of life. Can't say, bo, but we're on our way ! " * * * Liberal Doctor : dollars ." "I'll examine you for fifteen HENRICI'S Patient : " All right, Doc ; and if you find WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT it, we'll split fifty-fifty. -Life . 67 W. Randolph St. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets SUBSCRIPTION to MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 4 Name. Stylish yes ! but with real comfort Our Arnold Glove-Grip Address Shoes combine voguish (Street and Number) style an dsmart good looks with the most mar- City velous comfort your feet Subscription price $2.00 per year. ever felt. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite Glove-Grips support the arch and fit like a glove 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν . from the start. And they Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. wear well. Come in and let us show you our com- plete line. The TRIM -ARCH MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN $10 $11 $12 ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Room 2066 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 JANUARY FUR SALE Charge Accounts of Teachers Solicited Cents. Continuous thru February Creating a record for low prices LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. on new furs and on remodeling . ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to Special 10 % Discount to Teachers the order of LEVEY & CO. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American Republic Bldg . 209 S. State St. Bond and Mortgage Bldg. , 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago Phone Central 3904 WOULD YOU The Most Satisfactory Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? PERMANENT WAVE If so, write for information. Guaranteed for Years JULIA C. BRANNAN Hayes Hotel Chicago, III . PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. Page 200 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN January 30, 1926 Prepare for Principal's Examination A Large Number of New Principals Will be Needed Soon It is urgent that you begin preparing at once. You may begin work by correspond- ence now and get an excellent foundation before our classes start. The winners will be those who begin early. of the principals and assistant principals in Check Up on Our Results Chicago have studied with us. I. IN YOUR SCHOOL how many of III . IN YOUR SCHOOL, perhaps your the teachers whom you know prepared with own principal is one of our instructors. us ? If you have never been one of our pupils, inquire around. In some schools you will IV. IN YOUR SCHOOL, how many find that more than half of your fellow- of your teachers have passed the principals' teachers have been our pupils. In most schools, examinations or the promotional, or have ad- nearly half. As you read this, you are one vanced from elementary to junior or senior of 5,000 to 6,000 teachers, former pupils of high while you have been marking time. ours, who are also reading it. COMMENT : Most of the prominent II. IN YOUR SCHOOL, perhaps your educators in the Chicago system have pre- principal or assistant principal, or both, pre- pared with us. Check up this assertion your- pared with us . We think that nearly half self and you will find it to be absolutely true. HaveYou PassedAll ExaminationsforWhichYou Are Qualified? If not, why not begin preparing now ? Every year that you delay is a year lost, that you might be drawing an increased salary, while some one else is enjoying a position which you are just as well, perhaps better qualified to fill. You are drifting. WHITHER ? Don't Let the Next Principal's Examination Catch You Un- prepared How many fellow teachers of yours have made the effort, passed the examination, and are now principals ? Begin preparing. HAVE YOU PASSED YOUR PROMOTIONAL? ARE YOU QUALIFIED FOR JUNIOR OR SENIOR_HIGH ? Our Discount Rates Expire March 15 . Our Last Term's Regular Rates, $10 more than discount rates, expire March 25 . SPECIAL : Our New Increased rates will be in effect March 25. These rates will be from $10 to $20 more than they have ever been in the past. We are giving you warning in this announcement and we shall repeat it in the postal which we are mailing. If you want the benefit of our courses at the old discount rate, you must enroll before March 15. For any special information, call Miss Nessy, Dearborn 2604 . THE CULTURAL REVIEW SCHOOL , 159 NO . STATE ST . O. M. Heath, Principal. Miss Beatrice E. Nessy, Secretary. To Our Former Pupils: Will you tell some teacher outside of Chicago about our correspondence courses ? ALSO, IF YOU HAVE A FRIEND INTENDING ΤΟ ENTER NORMAL. TELL THAT FRIEND THAT WE PREPARE. Enter now and get a month or more of preparation by correspondence before our classes start. U. S. POSTAGE F02 6 20 112c. PAID CHICAGO, ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 VOL . NO . III MargaretHaley's 11 pon you Chicago, Ill . 341 February 15, 1926 15 Friendship, Understanding, Affection " Instead of an educational system of fear of authority, we must have a sys- tem of friendship, understanding and affection . “Just as soon as we have that , we shall have an educational system that will not only outlast our civilization but will enable our civilization to last . " Let's have scholarship as the fruit and not the end itself. " -Clarence C. 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A GROUND GRIPPER STORES BARNARD & MILLER 63 East Adams Street Law&Commercial Printers 29 East Lake Street 40 North Clark Street 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO TelephoneFranklin 0562 ROUND Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders Price Lists SHOES G FOR ALL RIPPER THE FAMILY BERTHA ОТТ the RECITALS Announcesand CONCERT following MARINELLO under her management during February and March John Coates , tenor, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday after- Approved Beauty Shop noon, February 21st, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65 , $ 2.20 (tax included ) at box office now. Everything in Beauty Culture Ossip Gabrilowitsch, sixth of a series of six historical recitals Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator with explanatory lecture, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, Suite 602 Stewart Bldg 108 N. State February 21st, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65 , $ 2.20 (tax included) CENtral 3877 at box office now. Opposite Fields Ignaz Friedman, pianist recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, February 28th, at 3:30. Seats $1.10, $1.65, $2.20 (tax included) at box office now. Florizel von Reuter, violinist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- day afternoon, February 28th, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $1.65, $2.20 Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. (tax included) at box office now. on hand Remodeling and Repairing RETURN ENGAGEMENT- Fritz Kreisler, violinist, recital, Orchestra Hall, Sunday afternoon, March 7th, at 3:30. Seats New Coats Made toOrder $1.10, $1.65, $ 2.20 and $ 2.75 (tax included) . Mail orders now. 501 Capitol Building One performance only of Mozart's opera comique " The Mar- State and Randolph riage of Figaro" with an all star grand opera cast, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, March 7th. Seats $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, Central 6049 $2.75 ( tax included) . Mail orders now. Established 1897 Marion Alice McAfee, soprano , recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- day afternoon, March 7th, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10 and $1.65; Box Seats, each $ 2.20 ( tax included) . Mail orders now. Tickets can be secured by addressing BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg. 624 So. Michigan Ave. Dear Miss Teacher: Have you been going without corsets and find yourself spreading ? If so, you will be sorry. Let us mold you back into shapely lines with either our flexible lightly boned Corset, The Most Satisfactory or our "Dream" Girdle-brassiere Figure-mold. They are "comfy" yet they control. Discount to you of 10%. We in- PERMANENT WAVE vite a call. Mrs. L. M. MacPherson Guaranteed for Years (Corset Specialist) 517 Venetian Bldg., 15 E. Washington St. PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. Phones Central 2551-2552 Res. Park Ridge 1842 JOHN J. McCORMICK NEW PERMANENT WAVE SHORTHAND REPORTER THE WENZEL WAY Our Prices will meet with your approval 1105 Ashland Block, Chicago SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND, 177 N. State St., Room 306 State 1887 REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS . North of Chicago Theatre Oficial Shorthand Reporter for Chicago Teachers' Federation CALL OR WRITE MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN VOL . 3. No. 11 February 15, 1926 Page 203 Is $600,000 Economy, " Saving or Sacrifice ? " - Whether or not the so-called "time clock" I think it ought to have emphasis outside of system, the method of registration of check- the educational department itself. You see ing in and checking out for teachers inaugu- if this is done throughout the school system rated in the schools last fall , pays, was the you would have a tremendous saving. * **** subject of discussion at a meeting of the * * * Committee on Finance, Conference on Bud- Mr. Smietanka : You might, Mr. Wight, get held January 25, 1926. continue on and tell us how you saved that * Some startling revelations were made at $475,000 . * * The resume presented - the conference, causing Mr. Mullenbach to under teachers' salaries . ✓ say, in regard to the increase in the number Mr. Mullenbach : $ 472,000 . - of children, "What we have here does not really represent a saving but a sacrifice. It Mr. Wight : Well, you know, we have simply means that we are abandoning or been holding very strictly to that. We have moving further and further away from good increased the membership per teacher in our educational standards ." regular day schools , both elementary and high schools . We have held to that very The Committee's discussion of the number strenuously and the result has been this sav- of children in a room and kindred subjects ing . You see, it makes a big difference wheth- is printed below, taken from the steno- er you carry an average membership of, graphic report of the meeting : * * * * say, 43 or whether you carry an average The Chairman ( Mr. Byrne ) membership of 45 in the elementary schools. If the people see how careful we have been We have held to that, to the 45 per teacher, with their money they will be glad to give us very rigorously. what we require in order to function proper- Mr. Smietanka : In that do you include al- ly, to take care of the schools, to pay proper so the time of the teachers checking in and salaries, as well as for funds needed to build checking out ? Does that have any influence and equip buildings. * * * * on this $472,000 ? * ** * * * Mr. Wight : It has some, but how much Mrs. Hefferan : The evening I am not prepared to say . schools saved $ 105,000 by increasing the Mr. Smietanka : I see . size of their classes. Now that is very fine . * * * They used to give a lesson with a Mr. Wight : There have been various teacher to three pupils, if the class fell off claims made in various directions. I am not in cold weather to two or three and they still prepared to give an answer as to how much continued the teacher in that subject. Now that has accounted for, in that way . they watch it very carefully. I am just tell- Mr. Smietanka : Can you tell, Mr. ing this because I am so interested in it that Brackett ? Page 204 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 Mr. Brackett : Mr. Henry made a check- Mr. Mullenbach : Why, I think these peo- up on that some time ago. I think undoubt- ple who really study it and have some defi- edly the bulk of the saving has occurred by nite ideas on it, when they say it has some the increase in the size of the classes. Of effect, there might be something to it. When course, the other matters had some influence the standard schools, like the Francis Parker, and the gradual tightening up in attendance Judd of the School of Education in Chicago has had some influence, but this year, as Mr. are willing to accept it and adopt it I think Wight has pointed out, the transfer of teach- there is something in it. ers has been less because of the increase in Col. Ellicott : Well, it wasn't his idea. the size of the classes . Mr. Mullenbach : I understand he is an Mr. Mullenbach : Of course, in the face of advocate of it now . those statements, what we have here does not really represent a saving, but a sacrifice . Col. Ellicott : He is now but he was not It simply means that we are abandoning or then. moving further and further away from good Mr. Mullenbach : I have seen the reports educational standards . Professor Judd down that were sent out from his office and these here won't stand for 45 in their classes . It inquiries that were made some year or a is 35 to- day. The Francis Parker has adop- year and a half ago that were sent to us, say- ted that rule of small classes and some others ing that there was no difference between the have adopted the same rule . The more we large school room and the small school room . increase the number in attendance in a Of course, it is possible that that is the case, schoolroom the less good we get in educa- but it does not sound at all plausible to me, tional value in our schools . but very improbable as a matter of fact, that The Chairman ( Mr. Byrne ) : I don't think you can teach 50 children with the same that is the general tendency that they want degree of skill as you can 35 in a room . to do that. That is just a matter of a tem- Mrs. Hefferan : Mr. Chairman, may I say porary nature to give the children seats and this : When this policy was about to be take them out of the portables . launched here a year or so ago, I took pains Mr. Mullenbach : It is a sacrifice in edu- to go over and see Flora Cook of the cational ideals and good educational Francis Parker and I took it up with her and methods. Of course, two or more in a room, she made this final statement. She said after going from 43 to 45, I don't suppose means you have passed the 30 mark in a classroom very much. I don't suppose it does. But it doesn't make any difference whether there it is a move in the wrong direction . are 40 or 50. You then begin to have more or less of a mob in the classroom. The edu- The Chairman : I understand there has cators have agreed that 30 is about all a been a good deal of saving brought about on account of taking the children out of the teacher can take care of and get good work portables . Taking 15 or 20 in the portable- out of, and that has been proven in these how many children do they have in a por- surveys and researches and educational lab- table ? oratories in the last quarter of a century, that 30 is about all a teacher can get good work Mr. Henry : They would not have more out of. than 40 in a portable room in membership as compared to 45 in a regular room . Every After you pass the 30 mark, they all agree that it does not make much difference wheth- time you build a building and do away with er there are 40 or 50 in a room . You a dozen or more portables you save some money there without loss . teach them in a great group and it is not individual instruction. Col. Ellicott : Mr. McAndrew tells me that the latest data they have on the subject is I have taken pains to go visiting and to see these rooms now. They always had to that the educational facilities are just as ef- fective-that is, they can be taught just as have 42 or 43, Mr. Wight, I think it is, in effectively with 50 in a room as with 35 . the Chicago schools, 43 was the minimum. He went down to a conference in Cincinnati Now adding those two or three more hasn't this fall and came back fully convinced . made one bit of difference in the teaching Now, we are building all our schools for 48 efficiency. pupils in a room, if we are on the wrong Mr. Mullenbach : I don't think it does, but track and should go back to 35— it is a move in the wrong direction. ery February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 205 Mr. Schmid : The point that Mr. Smie- Mr. Brackett : Yes. I don't see how we tanka was making was that the saving was can determine it very well, on the expendi- possibly due to the adoption of the checking ture of $ 30,000,000 without a very close gut in and checking out system but according to checking up, to see whether we get service the report of Mr. Wight and Mr. Brackett or not. that does not seem to have any effect on the Mrs. Hefferan : Can you give in round reduction made. Now the question is, is numbers, whether we have saved anything that an added expense to our system, the on the checking in and checking out ? Have his check in and check out ? If it does not ac- we saved anything or haven't we ? complish any good, financially or otherwise , Mr. Smietanka : It is a matter of calculat- what is the use of having it? Is it of any ing the amount you spend for substitutes, particular benefit ? isn't it, Mr. Brackett ? Mr. Smietanka : The first report that Mr. Mr. Brackett : It is a very complicated Brackett made to me or to us on the matter proposition to bring out any comparable fig- te showed a saving of $ 30,000 the first month ures on it. and $40,000 the second month . Now, has The Chairman : You are not prepared at e that record been kept up ? this time to make any statement on that ? The Chairman : Mr. Brackett, can you an- Mr. Brackett : No, we can make a study swer that? of that a little later . Mr. Brackett : Yes, I have those figures The Chairman : Suppose you are instructed upstairs. We have kept them up month by to bring in a report on that, could you do it ? month . I can show you at the present time Mr. Smietanka : You know, Mr. Brackett, just how those figures are. I relied on those figures of yours. Mr. Smietanka : Then the check in and Mr. Brackett : The figures are right. check out has justified itself according to Mr. Smietanka : Of $ 30,000 the first your statement, if those figures are accurate ? month and $ 40,000 the second month . I am Mr. Brackett : Those figures cover the surprised that you are now a little hesitant expense of assigning teachers to additional about those figures . rooms in the school . Now, if they increase Mr. Brackett : Not about the figures, but the number of pupils in a class and release a about the reason for the figures . teacher who is already on the payroll , then Mr. Smietanka : Well the reason you ad- they won't have to go to the transfer account vanced at that time was due to less absen- to get money to pay a teacher for these addi- teeism , attendance on the part of the teach- tional pupils ; where heretofore we have had ers. You came to me yourself and showed to go to the transfer account and take money what the results were . out to pay a new teacher, an entirely new Mr. Brackett : I showed you the figures, teacher. You see by increasing the number but of course I could not give you offhand of pupils per teacher in a large number of a reliable reason for it without making some classes it has released a certain number of analysis . Of course, it was my opinion then teachers who were already on the payroll and that the attendance records, the tightening in the system who were available for new up of the attendance records did have some classes or additional rooms, not making it influence on the attendance at the schools. necessary to go out and take additional teach- I think it had. ers in and charge it to the transfer account. Mr. Smietanka : That is the very language Now, that probably won't occur this year you used to me several months ago when you and in subsequent years now that they have pointed out those figures . filled up their classes to that size. Any Mr. Brackett : I still think they do . saving that is shown will probably be be- Mr. Smietanka: Of $ 30,000 and $ 40,000 . cause of better attendance in the school . Mr. Brackett : I don't think now that all Mr. Smietanka: You mean better attend- of that amount was due entirely to that rea- ance on the part of the teachers ? son. I think that the increases in the classes Mr. Brackett : I mean not so much ab- entered into it very substantially. sence on account of sickness, which will be Mr. Schmid : You think that was the prin- probably influenced more and more by a cipal reason, don't you ? closer check up. Mr. Brackett : Yes . Mrs. Hefferan : That is, teachers ? (Continued on Page 218) From theMasthead "Of all sad words Of tongue or pen, The saddest are these, 'It might have been' ” -Whittier T TO the Teachers of Chicago: Once more a crisis in the school revenue Fund lands still remaining unsold-some 60 situation in Chicago is forced on the attention pieces of Austin School Fund property. of the tax-payers ; this time as the result of The Chicago Teachers ' Federation has ac- a request by the Board of Education that the tively opposed both of these propositions, the City Council order the submission to the one to increase the tax rate, the other to sell voters of a proposal to increase the tax rate the School Fund Lands. It has presented al- for the Educational Fund. There would be ternative propositions for both. no shortage in the Educational Fund if the As the authorized representative of the Boards of Education in the past, the City Councils, and other public officials responsible Federation I presented the Federation's posi- tion against the sale of School Fund Lands under the law for the trusteeship of the to the Buildings and Grounds Committee of School Fund Lands had the vision, foresight, the Board of Education on February 5. On public spirit, and common sense to retain title to these lands . February 11, I presented that position to the Committee on Schools, Fire and Civil Service Instead of leasing these lands the public of the City Council and also the Federation's officials sold for a song thousands of acres last expressed position in regard to an in- now worth untold millions—squandered all crease in tax rate, together with the al- but a remnant of the vast heritage of the ternative propositions approved by the Feder- school children-As a result the tax payers ation. for years have been, and still are, making For years the Federation has opposed sell- up in taxes on their homes and business for ing these school lands. It has insisted that this lamentable lack of foresight and public title to these school lands be retained by the spirit to say the least. Boards of Education in trust for the School Now, while the City Council is still consid- children and people of Chicago; that leases ering the Board's request that it direct the be made providing for periodical revaluations Election Commission to put the proposed tax of these lands in order that the school chil- rate increase on the ballot at the coming April dren and tax payers may benefit from the in- primary election, there is pending before the crease in the value of these school lands as Buildings and Grounds Committee of the was the intention of the Congress that so wise- Board of Education a recommendation that ly and generously appropriated and set aside the Board ask the City Council to sell an- these lands for the education of all the chil- other big slice of the fragment of School dren of all the people for all time. February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 207 Instead of increasing the tax rate to make These are lands that were bought from the up for the loss of these School Fund Lands the proceeds of sales of Section 16, School Fund Federation insists that the omitted and under- Land, and all land so paid for became under assessed taxable property be assessed ac- the ordinance of 1787 School Fund Lands cording to law, and that the remaining School and subject to the same conditions as the Fund Lands be leased instead of being sold. Section 16 School Fund Lands . In this Bulletin are two charts ; the first Of the original square mile of School Fund shows the six square miles of School Fund Land between State, Halsted, Madison and Land within the present area of Chicago 12th Streets there remains unsold only the which were so set aside by Congress in its or- block between Madison, State, Monroe and dinance of 1787. In that ordinance it was Dearborn Streets, and a few other specks provided that one square mile out of every shown on the chart. The land in this block 36 square miles in the entire area constituting is under 99-year leases and the Board of the states of Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan Education gets approximately $ 950,000 a and Wisconsin should be so set aside and dedi- year income from that block and those specks cated and used for the education of the chil- coistituting a small fraction of that square dren of the new states to be carved out of mile of untold value . The income that should this then Northwest Territory. That is, one be derived from the entire square mile , more thirty-sixth of the entire area of these five than 98 % of which was sold years ago , is lost states was so set aside and dedicated to the to the school children and tax payers of at education of the children. Under the terms Chicago . pos of that grant not one dollar from the proceeds The part still unsold would yield a much ote of the sale or lease of these lands could be larger income if the Boards of Education pre used for any purpose whatsoever except to in the last thirty years had not stricken out pay teachers' salaries. The square mile set the revaluation clauses from the 99-year at aside in each township was Section No. 16 as leases in the most valuable lots. Most of shown in this chart. These six black squares those leases run for about 60 years, that is show where Section 16 is located in each of until 1984, without revaluation. The valu- the 6 townships within the present area of ations on which the rentals are based were Chicago. fixed in 1893 and are from one-quarter to The second chart shows the fragments of one-third the value of that land today. the six square miles of School Fund Lands fe that remain unsold. It also shows a few d other parcels of School Fund Land outside of these Sections 16 which are still unsold. Marzena. Haly bri opp The Issue : "Shortage of School Revenue" The School Authorities Say " Raise the Tax Rate" The Teachers Say-" Stop Tax-Fixing and Tax-Dodging " Why the Tax Rate Increase is Asked Taxable Billion Property 40 Dollars Property Taxed 4Billion Dollars Billion Illegally Escaping Taxation 36 Dollars One- Tenth of the Value of the Taxable Property in Chicago Bears the Entire Tax Burden Page 208 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 Before and After HOWARD AVE HOWARD AVE 36 3/ 3 CHICAGO DEVON AVE MICHIG 6 5 4 3 2 / 6 5 SCALE ofMILES CHICAGO 3 9 10 11 12 8 7 8 7 2 LAWRENCE AVE LAWRENCE AVE 16 15 14 13 18 16 LAKE 18 17 17 IRVING Th. B4 IRVING Pk Bd AN 20 21 22 23 24 19 202 19 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 FULLERTON AVE 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 31 5 4 3 2 1 6 54 3 10 8 10 // 12 7 829 9 MADISON ST . Madison St 16 15- 14 13 18 16 15 ROOSEVELT A R. B ROOSEVELT R4. AVE CENTRAL 23 24 19 20 21 22 AVE 22 CENTRAL 26 25 30 29 28 27 27 34 35- 36 31 32 33 34 2 / 6 3- 4 3 2 3 10 12 S 9 10 / 1 " 8 9 // 7 7 55th St. 55 St. 18 18 17 16 15 14 13 1716 15 14 13 C 63 St. 63rd St. CICERO AVC 21 22 23 24 CICERO 23 24 19 20 AVE 22 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 27 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 Kedzie 34 4 87thSt HALSITED 6 5- 3 2 / 6 5- Collage CRAWFORD.AVE 8 9 10 12 7 8 7 Grove ST 103rd St Ave 103 ST 18 16 15- 14 13 18 17 STATE ST 111th st 5 St 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 25 30 28 27 26 29 34 35 36 31 32 138 ST 138 SH Chart No. I Chart No. II The six black squares in Chart No. I show the six The holders of the school land leases pay no taxes square miles of School Fund Lands , Section 16 of on these lands. They pay taxes only on their build- each of the townships , within the present area of ings . The rental is six per cent on the valuation. Chicago set aside for and dedicated to the education of the Children by the Ordinance of Congress passed These leases when first made contained provisions in 1787. for a re-valuation every five years . Later, the re- These lands have all been sold with the exception valuation period was changed from every five years of the one block in Chart No. II representing the to every ten years. In 1895 the Board began strik. square mile in Clearing ( C ) and parts of the square ing out the re-valuation clauses and continued doing mile in Austin (A) and a few small pieces shown so until 1902 when Mr. Ole A. Thorpe became a mem- in black elsewhere . ber of the Board, and aided by Mr. George H. Thomp- son, the Labor representative on the Board, made The shaded areas in Chart No. II represent pieces such a desperate fight against this robbing of the of School Fund Lands acquired with the proceeds from sales of Section 16 lands . children and the tax payers that the policy was dis- The Chicago Evening Post of February 13, 1926, continued and never resumed, though certain holders had a full page article on the enormous increase in of leases appear never to lose hope that the robbing land values in the neighborhood of an 80 acre piece policy will be resumed. of School Fund land at 87th and Cottage Grove ave- If, instead of selling most of these six square miles nue. The Board's title to this property the N. Κ. of School Fund land, the Boards of Education had Fairbank heirs are disputing in the Courts . leased it so as to give the School Funds the benefit The Board obtained this 80 acres many years ago of the increase in the land values, it is conservatively for $4,500 under mortgage foreclosure proceedings estimated that the educational fund would receive and the Post article said that it is worth $2,000,000 $200,000,000 a year to pay teachers' salaries five or perhaps $ 2,500,000 . times the present Educational Fund. February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 209 - Teachers in Statement Recall Action of Public Bodies Re Taxation Federation Draws Up Statement Showing Inequalities in Assessment SE In order that the public might understand needs and of placing an inequitable and un- the position taken by the Chicago Teachers' just burden of taxation on the small home Federation, the Federation, at its meeting owners , renters and business men. Saturday, February 13, in addition to re- The Mayor in his message of July 2, 1923, affirming its position taken on October 3, the City Council in its resolution of that date 1924, on February 5, and April 6, 1925 and again in its resolution of December 9, authorized a statement of its position in re- 1925, the Board of Education in its resolution gard to revenue and taxation to be drawn up of November 26, 1924, all announced their by a special committee. determination to proceed at once to meet the The committee drew up the following responsibility resting upon them under the statement which was sent to the newspapers law to demand that the assessing bodies do and which will be presented to the City their duty and assess the taxable property ac- Council, Committee on Schools, Fire and Civil cording to law. Service at its meeting Thursday, February 18 : The City Council on January 16, 1926 , ap- The Chicago Teachers' Federation at its propriated $46,000 to accomplish this pur- meeting on Saturday, February 13, 1926, re- pose . affirmed its position on the revenue and tax The Chicago Teachers' Federation has for situation as stated in the resolution adopted 25 years urged upon public officials that rev- at the joint meeting of the Chicago Teachers' enue for the schools and other purposes Federation, the Chicago Federation of Men Teachers and the Chicago Federation of should be increased without increasing the Women High School Teachers, held at the burden of taxation on the small home owners, renters , and business men. The Federation Auditorium Theatre on October 3, 1924. It further authorized the following statement : has demanded that the corporations and large holdings be assessed in the same pro- Twenty-eight years ago Mayor Carter H. portion as the small holdings. Harrison, in a message to the City Council, pointed out that the assessed valuation of These reiterations of the inequalities in the property in Chicago was less in that year, assessment of property, with the discrimina- 1898, then it was in 1872 one year after the tion against the owners of small holdings in- great Chicago fire.The tax rates were cor- cident thereto, have created a public opinion respondingly high then, but only very little against increases in tax rates. Until the higher than they are now. Mayor, the City Council, and the Board of During the last two years Mayor Dever, the Education have exhausted every means in City Council and the Board of Education have their power to carry out their announced pro- assailed the omission from assessment or gross gram of demanding equitable assessments un- under- assessment by the assessing bodies of der the law, no proposition to increase tax G hundreds of millions of dollars worth of tax- rates should be considered . able property as being the cause of the lack (Signed) Mary M. Abbe, of revenue for the schools and other public President. Logical MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Teacher-" Thomas, will you tell me what a conjunction is, and compose a sentence MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher containing one ? " MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice 2 month for tes Thomas ( after reflection) -"A conjunc- months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 tion is a word connecting anything, such as Cents. 'The horse is hitched to the fence by his LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to halter.' ' Halter' is a conjunction, because it the order of connects the horse and the fence . " -Anony- MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American mous . Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago Phone Central 3904 Page 210 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 Chicago Teachers' Federation Reiterates Tax Stand Meeting Opposes Proposed Referendum For Tax Increase Reiterating its position, the Chicago Teach- get more money for the schools. They be- ers ' Federation at its meeting Saturday, Feb- lieve that the assessment is wrong, and not ruary 13, passed a motion unanimously, that, the tax rate ; that the property that is as- in the face of a proposed referendum to in- sessed at all is either assessed too high or crease the tax rate from $ 1.92 to $ 2.92 for some parts of it are assessed low and much educational purposes, it go on record as op- property omitted, and that if the taxing offi- posed to such a tax rate increase and in favor cials did their duty according to law, there of obtaining funds necessary for educational would not be any need of asking the people purposes , through assessment, according to to increase the tax rate . law, of the property of corporations and " As a representative of the Federation I other property entirely omitted from assess- want to say that the last utterance of the ment or under- assessed . Federation is entirely in harmony with its Action followed a report by Miss Haley, first utterance on the subject." on a meeting of the City Council Committee Displays Advertisements on Schools, Fire and Civil Service , which she Miss Haley showed the committee copies addressed Thursday, February 11, in regard of page advertisements which the Federa- to the request from the Board of Education, tion placed in Chicago newspapers a year presented to the Council January 21 , for the ago , indicating the full value of property and Council's concurrence in a resolution asking the value fixed by assessors and showing the election commissioners to place on the that about one-tenth of the value of property ballot at the election, April 13, 1926, the in Chicago is assessed and about nine-tenths proposition to authorize the increase of the escapes assessment in whole or in part by en- educational tax rate from $ 1.92 to $ 2.92 on tire omission or under- assessment. She said each $ 100 of assessed valuation of property that the advertisements were put out at a in Chicago . time when the Board of Education was for- Miss Haley reported to the Federation that mulating its policy or had formulated its she pointed out to the Council Committee that policy for platooning the schools and adopt- the Mayor, the Board of Education and the ing other measures of economizing at the ex- City Council had repeatedly gone on record pense of the children because of shortage of officially, showing the entire omission or school funds . gross under-assessment of taxable property "In regard to the position of the teachers to the value of hundreds of millions on increased school tax rates for educational and demanding that this property be assessed purposes , our position was stated in a reso- according to law, instead of increasing the lution adopted at the Studebaker theater on tax rates on property already bearing more October 3 , 1924. That was reiterated on than its share of tax burden . February 5, 1925, and again on April 6, 1925 , Miss Haley told the Committee that Mr. and that position is set forth in this reso- Smietanka, former chairman of the Finance lution which I will present to the Committee committee of the Board of Education and for its consideration." still a member of the committee, was quoted Teachers ' Resolution as saying that regardless of the action of the (Below is printed the resolution which City Council, the question of increasing this Miss Haley presented to the Committee and tax-rate would be placed upon the ballot at which was again reaffirmed at the Federa- the April election. tion meeting subsequently, Saturday Febru- Statement to City Council Committee ary 13. ) Tax Statement " I want to state the position of the Chicago The Chicago Public Schools are facing an alarm- Teachers ' Federation as outlined in its last ing shortage of funds due to failure to enforce the official utterance, " said Miss Haley before tax laws. This shortage is at the bottom of most, if not all, the trouble in the schools. the Council committee. " The Federation has A deficit is piling up at the rate of two and a half gone on record in recent years very emphat- million dollars a year. It is now close to nineteen million dollars. The interest on this deficit is nearly ically in regard to what should be done to a million dollars a year, which is paid out of the Edu February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 211 cational Fund. The Board has almost reached the I do not mean mere gestures, I mean a real limit of its borrowing power. The Mayor of the City in a message to the City effort to secure equitable assessment of Council, on July 2, 1923, presented a startling array property that we are not coming with clean of facts and figures to show that the increase in tax- able values has not kept pace with the growth of hands to the people in asking them to vote **** the city in population and wealth, and that an enor- an increase in the tax rate . mous amount of property escapes taxation . He stated that " a duty rests upon the City Council as a whole Salary Schedule and Revenue and upon each individual member thereof to see to it "The teachers will be urged to get out and that such an assessment as is contemplated by law work to secure the adoption of this proposi- is made by the taxing authorities of this County and State." tion if the Board of Education insists on hav- Following this message of the Mayor and the action ing it put on the ballot. Mr. Smietanka, who of the City Council thereon, the teachers were invited to, and did, co-operate with the City Council in its was formerly chairman of the Finance Com- efforts to secure enforcement of the tax laws . mittee of the Board of Education and is still The teachers have worked and will continue to a member of that Committee is reported to work to secure revision of our antiquated tax laws. Pending such revision, we will continue to insist that have made a statement in the last few days the present laws be enforced so that the needed reve- to principals, that it will make no difference nue may be secured without increasing the tax rate. whether the City Council votes to put this The teachers insist that the responsibility which proposition on the ballot or not ; that the the Mayor pointed out as resting upon the City Board of Education has the power to order Council in this matter rests equally upon the Board T of Education . it placed on the ballot and the Election Com- The teachers demand that this issue be faced mission must put it on. That was reported squarely. The Board of Education evades the issue, stifles the voice of the teachers, and thwarts their by principals of schools to the teachers, so efforts . that the teachers might prepare for this Platoon schools, double schools and double sessions, larger classes , larger schools , and all other shifts and proposition going on the ballot. The teach- makeshifts are shortsighted attempts to evade the ers know that this proposition will not win real issue . We believe with the Mayor that if the tax laws unless the teachers get out and work for it. 5 were enforced " the financial difficulties now staring " How are the teachers of this city going us in the face would melt away, the rate of taxation would go down, the tax burden would be more evenly to ask the children to go out at this time and distributed ." Then there would be no excuse for cam- ask their parents to vote for this proposition ? ouflaging these makeshifts as " Educational Reforms " What will be the reason that will be given ? in order to establish them permanently in our schools. Every child of school age is entitled to attend a What reason is in the minds of the people middle-of-the-day school, to occupy a seat in a quiet, now ? A new salary schedule was proposed uncrowded school room and to have individual atten- tion from adequately trained teachers who are free by the Board of Education, and as far as from petty tyranny and the indignities of bureau- the people are concerned , this tax-rate in- cratic domination . The teachers of Chicago believe, first, that ade- crease is supposed to be to provide for a sal- quate revenue is the fundamental need in the present ary increase, as that salary schedule did so critical school situation; second, that all attempts to provide for some in the school system, not ignore or to disguise this fact and deal with its con- sequences as if they were educational problems of for all . They feel that with that long drawn- school organization will prove futile. out discussion of a salary increase, which We appeal to you, Mr. Mayor, as the official repre- sentative of the children and citizens of Chicago, to lasted for nearly a year, with that in the appoint at once on the Board of Education four citi- minds of the people —and it has not died out zens who are able, free and willing to co-operate with the teachers and the City Council in securing, of their minds yet the teachers will be ac- through enforcement of the tax laws, adequate cused, and not unjustly, of asking the chil- school revenue instead of limiting the school oppor- dren to ask their parents to vote for this tax tunities of the children and crippling the schools be- cause of insufficient revenue . increase to give them an increase in salary . MARY M. ABBE, That is not quite a fair position to put the Pres . , The Chicago Teachers Federation . E. B. COLLETTE , teachers in either. I think you will admit it Pres . , The Chicago Federation of Men is not fair. I think that if the Board of Edu- Teachers . FLORENCE C. HANSON, cation wanted to submit this proposition, they Pres. , The Chicago Federation of Women should have told the people of this city that High School Teachers . "We think the children and their educa- they wanted it not only to give every child a tion should not be made to pay the penalty seat, but to say they should have a school room with few enough children in so that the for the failure of the assessors or of any pub- teachers could teach school and not keep lic body ; and we feel that until such time as the Board of Education, the City Council and school. everybody concerned in the spending of this Alderman Nelson : You feel, don't you, and money, have made an effort and have made the Teachers' Federation feels, that if you it effectively, and made the people under- had an equitable valuation of property that stand that they are making such effort and (Continued on Page 219 ) Page 212 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 Does the Right Hand Know What the Left is Doing ? Unless funds are forthcoming, it may be influence conduct in the matter of preservation of public property, prevention of window breaking, etc. necessary to close the schools, Superintendent McAndrew says in a 30 page document of in- 4. INTERRUPTIONS TO TEACHING . What ob- servation can you cite to show whether there has been structions which his five division superinten- any improvement ? dents read to meetings of their respective 5. RECORDS AND REPORTS OF PUPILS' district superintendents and principals to be SERVICE . The New York World of January 25 records a new form of detailed information to par- relayed verbally by the principals to the ents : " Cleanliness, honor, speech will be rated. Space teachers . is also provided for writing in such other characteris- tics as thrift , courtesy, industry, co-operation , as Almost simultaneously, the Superintendent principals may desire. Ratings in ' effort' have been issued to the "Public School Teachers Coun- eliminated, too difficult to evaluate. 'Conduct' is cil " termed by Mr. Mullenbach " The Superin- substituted for 'deportment' especially provided to indicate the group or classification of the pupils as tendent's hand-picked conference " a notice ' bright group, ' normal group,' ' small group .' The telling the Council to be prepared to discuss ratings will be the ALL YEAR SCHOOL . "A"-Excellent, or far above average. It would seem that the much advertised “B plus"-Very good, or above average. "surplus " which was to pay salary increases "B"-Good, or average. to teachers under the Superintendent's pro- " C"-Unsatisfactory, or below average. posed salary schedule , has at last become a "D"-Failure, or much below average . deficit threatening to shut the schools . Average is defined by taking forty per cent of the numbers of the class in the middle group of ratings . Following is the Superintendent's communi- The reports are to be sent to the parents at the end cation to the Public School Teachers ' Council of every month . The committee examined the schemes of marking pupils used in more than forty dated January 29, 1926 : of the large school systems of the country, as well as those of private and parochial schools . " Numerous BOARD OF EDUCATION suggestions have been received in the past two years that the method of recording and rating Chicago Subject : January 29 , 1926 . pupils should be reformed. You are requested to dis- cuss the matter with as many persons conversant Matters Pending . with school affairs as is convenient. Public School Teachers Council . 6. PRESERVATION IN THE UPPER GRADES Ladies and Gentlemen : of habits : accuracy , good penmanship, etc., secured Among the matters referred by the Superinten- in the lower grades . Your suggestions as to how they dent to the Council, and awaiting a sufficient budget may be improved . of projects to warrant the calling of the meeting , are the following : 7. REVISION OF THE COURSE OF STUDY . Suggestions which occur to you. 1. ALL THE YEAR SCHOOL . The President of. the Board desires study and presentation of facts and 8. CHARActer traINING. Suggestions which occur to you . figures as to advantages and disadvantages of main- taining a twelve months ' session of the schools : costs , 9. Any other topics of value to the system which arrangement of term session, compliance with Com- occur to you . pulsory Attendance Law, lessening of expenses due to repetition of work by so large a number of fail- 10 . NEW ORGANIZATIONS . Several new vol- ures as now recorded. untary organizations of teaching and supervising forces have submitted applications for membership . 2. ORGANIZATION OF SUPERVISION. The persistent problem of preventing secondary routine , As heretofore, I will call a meeting of the Coun- clerical matters from usurping the time of instruc- cil on receipt of notices from sufficient members that tion , and direction of children, teachers , etc. they are ready to present definite suggestions on the topics mentioned. 3. EXTENSION OF CIVIC TEACHING , so as to (Signed) WM. McANDREW. Page Mr. Thup'tendent ! "Thombody ought to tell Mr. Thup'tendent A teacher in a Chicago school reported that if God and he want ev'body know ev'thing a class was discouraged because it had tried and be perfek like He was then wouldn't and tried and failed to get 100 per cent in be no world -wouldn't be no thchool where a test. An otherwise retiring child, with a we learn things -wouldn't have no teths- slight impediment in her speech, becoming excited over the class failure at perfection jutht have Heaven-ev'body know ev'thing was heard in the following outburst : -one hundred per tent." February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 213 The School Tax HERE is a lot of sense in the state- matists as one feels about it. And they T ment of Margaret Haley regard- ing an increase in school tax rate . also see that an enormous amount of property subject to taxation escapes it, She says : while the tangible cottages, twenty-five- " Instead of an increase in the tax foot lots and bedroom furniture of the rate we want to compel the tax officials typical citizen are freely plastered with to obey the law and assess property assessments . equitably." Therefore , though willing to bear Most people in Chicago would rather his share of the burden, the typical citi- pay taxes to develop the public schools zen wants to know two things first. than for any other single purpose . At One is whether the school tax money is present they see the schools in good con- to be spent on theory or on training and dition, but developing in accordance the other is whether the burden cannot with certain theories of educationalists be more evenly distributed . who may be called either experts or dog- Editorial, Chicago Herald- Examiner, Feb. 16, 1926 . Teachers Spent $8,000 in Campaign 66 For " A Seat For Every Child. " Financial Report Made on Part Teachers Took In view of the discussion of the possibility Mr. Moderwell , in a communication to the of a referendum to increase the tax rate for Board printed in the proceedings of Novem- educational purposes, The Bulletin in this ber 28, 1923, page 359, acknowledged that number is printing a summary of the ex- the teachers paid all the expenses of the cam- penses met by the Chicago Teachers' Federa- paign to secure a favorable vote on Novem- tion in promoting the campaign in the fall of ber 6, on the increase in the tax rate for the 1923 to increase the tax rate for the School Building Fund, approved by the peoples' vote . Building Fund in order to eliminate over- Mr. Moderwell said : crowding in the schools . The teaching force assumed full financial The slogan of that campaign was "A Seat responsibility for printing and distributing For Every Child. " Through the Chicago the President's communication to the Board Teachers' Federation, literature was printed, and other information amounting in all to motion pictures were shown and meetings over a million and a half pieces of literature were held, in order that the Building Fund tax at a total cost of several thousand dollars . rate might be increased for the purpose of Following is a summarized report of the providing a seat for every child. treasurer for the Federation, showing the Teachers worked willingly to interest par- large items in the expenditure paid by the Chicago Teachers' Federation in that cam- ents, sending literature to homes by means of children. The teachers made the effort paign. with the permission and co-operation of the Printing $5,090.25 Board of Education. The Board of Education 274.87 Postage made official acknowledgment in its pro- Films of motion pictures. 1,016.80 115.30 ceedings that the teachers, not the Board of Cartage on films..... 935.00 Education, paid the expenses of the campaign. Reprint of Chicago Journal. More than $8,000 was expended by the Stenographic, clerical and other services 460.88 Chicago Teachers' Federation in paying bills Miscellaneous 32.05 of the campaign. Its success was due in great Hall Rent and expenses of meetings 76.65 measure to the teachers ' efforts . The President of the Board of Education, Total .$8,001.80 Page 214 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 Emeritus List Simmers Down ; Injunction Hearing Continued Important Discoveries Made in Cases of Teachers on List Since the approval by the Board, on January The four other teachers erroneously as- 13, of the Superintendent's Emeritus Service signed to Emeritus Service on January 13 List of 74, the names of eight, ( all teachers) were, on the recommendation of the attor- have been removed from that list by the ney for the Board of Education and as a re- Board of Education on the recommendation sult of the injunction proceedings before of the Superintendent ; the names of seven Judge Friend, notified by the Superinten- of these were removed because the Super- dent on February 8 to return to active serv- intendent reported that they were erron- ice in their respective schoolrooms. One of eously placed on the Emeritus Service List ; these four, Miss Mary R. Hecox, a teacher in one , Mrs. Thomas , resigned since her name the Cameron school, was one of the com- was placed on that list. plainants who, with Mr. Armstrong and Mr. Three of the seven erroneously listed were Dodge, brought the injunction proceedings teachers who had resigned in June, 1925 , on the morning of January 27 to prevent more than five months before they were their removal by the Board from active erroneously assigned to Emeritus Service. service and their assignment to Emeritus On October 14 the Superintendent reported Service on the afternoon of that date. Pho- the resignations of these three teachers to tographic reproductions of the Superinten- the Board in Report No. 12664 which con- dent's notice of February 8, to Miss Hecox tains an alphabetical list of 73 teachers who to return to service is reproduced here . had resigned ( pages 263 and 264 of the On January 30, Mr. Brightman, solicitor for printed proceedings of that date) . The Mr. Samuel Leland, was granted permission names and dates of resignation of the three, by Judge Friend to file an intervening peti- as printed in the proceedings of October 14, tion for an injunction and his case was then are as follows : set down for hearing on February 4, when Name School Date of Resignation Elizabeth Matevy Goethe June 17, 1925 the Armstrong case was to be heard . On Mary Moran Fallon June 26, 1925 February 4 the hearing on the Armstrong Charles S. Taylor Lake View H. June 26, 1925 The Board removed from the Emeritus petition was continued until April 14 but Mr. Brightman insisted on immediate hear- List the names of Miss Matevy and Miss ing on Mr. Leland's petition. Moran on January 27, on the recommenda- tion of the Superintendent, Report No. A complete stenographic report of the 13612. At the last meeting of the Board, hearing on the Leland case before Judge February 10, Mr. Taylor's name was removed Friend on February 4, is printed in full else- on the recommendation of the Superintendent, where in this issue. That record shows Report No. 13743 . that: The records of the Board show that all The Attorney for the Board of Educa- three of the above named teachers resigned tion, Mr. Righeimer, told Judge Friend, in June , 1925, that their resignations were that he had prepared to answer the Le- reported by the Superintendent on October land case under the apprehension that 14, and printed in the proceedings of that Mr. Leland was still pursuing his regu- date, pages 263 and 264. lar duty as teacher in the high school The printed proceedings of October 14, and that he, Mr. Righeimer, did not 1925 , were in the hands of the Board mem- know until noon that day (February 4) bers and were approved by the Board on that Mr. Leland was placed on the November 25, 1925, so that these printed Emeritus Service List ; that he , Mr. Rig- proceedings must have been available at heimer, was going to advise the Super- . least as early as November 25, nearly two intendent immediately that such action months before the names of these resigned under the Emeritus Service rule was im- teachers were reported to the Board on the proper because Mr. Leland did not have Emeritus Service List on January 13, 1926. twenty years consecutive service in the February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 215 Chicago public schools as required under On the face of the above record it is clear the Emeritus Service rule ; and that un- that none of these four teachers had on Jan. less the Superintendent and Board of 13 , 1926, taught 20 years in Chicago. In ad- Education reinstated Mr. Leland he dition to these four there are at least two would have to advise the Court that Mr. others on the Emeritus Service List adopted Leland's prayer for injunction should be January 13 who have not been in active and granted. continuous service for twenty years in the Acting on Mr. Righeimer's advice the su- Chicago public schools. perintendent on February 8 mailed a notice The Emeritus Service Rule as it was to Mr. Leland assigning him to the position adopted by the Board on December 9, 1925, he was in on January 1. At the same time was printed in the Bulletin of December 16 an identical notice was mailed to Miss Hecox on pages 134 and 135 ; it contains the follow- and to two other teachers who had not com- ing provision in regard to assignment to pleted twenty years' service in the Chicago Emeritus Service : public schools. The names of these four teachers appear "Provided, however, such assignment shall be made only in case where said in the printed proceedings of the Board of persons have been in active and continu- Education, January 13, 1926, page 612, Re- ous service in the public schools of the port No. B-13535. They are printed here City of Chicago for at least twenty years with the following data as shown in that re- prior to such retirement." port opposite their names : Name School Service Record The Superintendent's staff should be held 8. Mary O'Grady Forbes Ogden 11/26/06 to date to the same responsibility as teachers are to 11. Mary R. Hecox Cameron Hammond 9/12/06 to date check and prove before instead of after 25. Orion C. Scott 4/8/08 to date 3. Samuel Leland McKinley H 1/29/08 to date printing. Emeritus Hearing Before Judge Friend Following is the report of the hearing of The Court : That he was what ? the case of Samuel Leland, on the Emeritus Mr. Righeimer : That he was pursuing his list, before Judge Friend the afternoon of regular duties as teacher at the high school. Thursday, February 4, 1926 : I found out since we left here this noon that ARMSTRONG, et al. he has been placed in the emeritus class. I vs. FRIEND, J. am going to advise the superintendent that BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al such action under this rule was improper, in view of the fact that he did not have the Thursday, February 4, 1926, twenty years in consecutive service that is At Two O'Clock, P. M. required under this rule, and the superinten- Met pursuant to adjournment. dent has told me that upon receipt of such Present as before . advice that he will reinstate him. Of course, that will have to be subject to the approval HEARING IN THE MATTER OF THE IN- of the Board, and I have not any doubt, from TERVENING PETITION OF what the Board has heretofore done, that SAMUEL LELAND they will take my ruling in the matter. If that is the case, why, of course, he has Mr. Righeimer : Have you got that order not any business in this case, and he will get entered ? all he can ask for if he gets everything he Mr. Condee : It is there. claims by virtue of coming in here with an The Court : All right, gentlemen. intervening petition. Mr. Righeimer : Now, your Honor, as to The Court : Well, is that satisfactory to this man Leland, we prepared this case under you, Mr. Brightman ? the apprehension that he was still pursuing Mr. Brightman : Well, your Honor, of his regular duties as a teacher at the high course, the attitude of it is very satisfactory, school . but the execution of the situation, I do not un- Page 216 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 derstand from Mr. Righeimer just how it is In other words, I am in a position where, to be carried out. if I do go on with the hearing, I will have to The Court : When does the Board meet tell the court I think he will have to grant again, Mr. Righeimer ? your prayer. That is the situation . Mr. Righeimer : The Board meets Wednes- Mr. Brightman : Yes. day. The Court : Well, my suggestion is, gentle- The Court : This coming Wednesday ? men, continue the matter without notice un- Mr. Righeimer : Yes . til Thursday, and if the Board follows the recommendation of Judge Righeimer, then on The Court : And the action, if any, is likely Wednesday it will probably give effect to the to be taken at that time ? superintendent's order and that will be the Mr. Righeimer : Oh , yes . end of this intervening petition. The Court : So that upon your recommen- Mr. Righeimer : You can then withdraw dation, Wednesday, if the Board- your intervening petition without prejudice. Mr. Righeimer : I shall advise the superin- Mr. Brightman : Yes. tendent immediately that he should reinstate The Court : Then, if they do not take that him, and the superintendent said he would re- action, on Thursday, why, you can go ahead instate him at once and report that to the with your hearing. Board , in spite of the fact, of course, that Mr. Brightman : Might I inquire this, Mr. this name was, in my judgment, inadvisedly Righeimer ? Reinstatement, of course, means included in the list of names who were sub- reinstatement to the same position, just where ject to this rule. It is my opinion now that it he was ? was an improper assignment and I shall so Mr. Righeimer : Yes. Well, I don't know advise the superintendent and the Board, and whether they will give him the same school, I can reasonably expect that they will take but they will put him in the class where-I my advice in the situation. have to rule that he would be entitled to the Mr. Brightman : Would it be appropriate same salary. then, to suggest, Mr. Righeimer, that this mat- Mr. Brightman : The same salary. ter be held over for a few days until that Mr. Righeimer : Yes . matter is disposed of, or what is your idea Mr. Brightman : The same class of employ. in respect to that ? Mr. Righeimer : My suggestion would be The Court : Well, all right, then, that dis- poses of that petition for the time being. that your intervening petition be set at the same time that the main cause is set, with the ( Thereupon, the hearing as to the Inter- understanding that if the Board does not take vening Petitioner Leland was continued to any action, or the superintendent does not Thursday, February 11, A. D. 1926, at 10:00 take the action promised, that I will come in Α. Μ . ) here at any time with you and agree to pro- (And thereupon, the further hearing of the ceed with the hearing, because I am ready to above entitled cause was continued to April go ahead with it. 14th , A. D. 1926, at 10:00 А. М. ) Teachers Take Action to Safeguard Rights Pass Resolution in Regard to Emeritus Rule As a means of safeguarding the teachers, RESOLVED , that the Board of Managers of the whose pension and tenure rights were be- Chicago Teachers' Federation be authorized and di- lieved to be involved as a result of the pass- rected to follow such course as in its judgment may ing of the Emeritus Rule by the Board of Edu- seem necessary and proper to protect the rights and interest of the public school teachers and principals cation and subsequent litigation, the Chi- in the pending litigation concerning the dismissal of cago Teachers' Federation at its meeting teachers and principals from school room work and January 16, 1926, passed the following reso- supervisory service and that it be given full authority lution : to act in this matter. February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 217 Complainant In Emeritus Suit Returns To School Four Persons Receive Notices of Assignment To Former Positions Below is a photographic reproduction of the suit brought against the Emeritus Rule, the letter sent to Miss Hecox, a complainant in re-assigning her to her former position : DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION BOARD OF EDUCATION SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS CITY OF CHICAGO WILLIAM MCANDREW. EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENTS 460 SOUTH STATE STREET WILLIAM J. BOGAN MORGAN G. HOGGE TELEPHONE WABASH 9210 CLARENCE E. DEBUTTS ELIZABETH W. MURPHY AMBROSE B. WIGHT 1 SUBJECT: February 8 , 1926 . Miss Mary R. Hecox , 5909 West Ohio , Chicago , Ill . On advice of the attorney of the Board of Education, I am assigning you to the position occupied by you on January 1, and am asking the Board of Educa- tion to rescind its action in placing you on the Emeritus List . Um. mAndres WM . MCANDREW CA 15 BOARD OF EDUCATION CITY OF CHICAGO CHI 0 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEB 8 OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS 4 PM 1926. ILL Miss Mary к . Несох, 5909 W. Qhio , Chicago, Ill A carbon copy of the above notice was sent reference to whose return to active service to four other teachers on the Emeritus list will be found elsewhere in this issue. Page 218 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 TOURS Is $600,000 Economy ? (Continued from Page 205 ) Mr. Schmid : The increase in the classes ? EUROPE Mr. Brackett : Yes . Possibly. haven't any analysis of it. But I The Chairman : Are you satisfied to have Select parties now being formed him bring in a report on that later and JUNE AND JULY make an analysis of it ? Mr. Smietanka : Well, because there has How to Go and Why We offer only the best of our 14 years of actual travel been so much question raised about the experience in Europe. We are sending no one abroad merely for an ocean voyage, travel on trains and a Board's supposed reflection on the honesty number of "free days ." We command the best in Europe, get it and pass it on to our friends . of the teachers, it would be quite desirable Beale Travel Service that we have some data on the subject. I No crowds-small, select parties. We limit our num- don't think that ever entered into the minds bers and maintain our standard of constant, personal service. Our tours are never "soldout" to other of the Board, to question the integrity or agencies . Each group directed by a widely exper- ienced, practical educated member of our staff, one good will of the teachers . But it was a mat- who knows Europe well. EUROPEAN SERVICE : Our hotels are actually first ter of pulling together as is sometimes said class, not merely "good," or "comfortable" or "mod- and holding a close check on the system for erately priced. We will not use Pensions . We will not use street cars or busses for sight-seeing . Our the protection of those that are absolutely train accommodations are the best, always especially reserved cars . conscientious as against those that are not COMPREHENSIVE ITINERARIES : Our itineraries are the result of years of actual experience. With us so careful about their duty. no extensions will be necessary. Our rates are com- patible with wholesome travel. Mr. Brackett : It seems to me to be a mat- Our Travel Literature ter of business . Send, write or call for our 1926 TOUR ANNOUNCE- MENT. If you are interested in the BEST IN EUROPE, The Chairman : What ? send also for our BLUE BOOK OF TRAVEL, free on request. Our Blue Book is an unusual publication and Mr. Brackett : As a plain matter of busi- will prove most helpful. ness it should be done . It has been done in BEALE TOURS New York City for a good many years . I 112 West Adams Street, Chicago. Randolph 1770 understand it has been done in other cities back east. With a loose record and the spending of so much money, I don't see how EUROPE $275-29 Days you can justify it. All Expense Tour Other Tours $315 to $ 925 The Chairman : I think it is a good thing Steamship Reservations on all Lines for the Board to have that information . I No charge for making reservation think you ought to bring it in, make an HAYES TRAVEL SERVICE 1316-A North American Bldg. , 36 South State St. , Randolph 3471 . Chicago, Ill. analysis of it and bring it in to the Board. (Substitute Teachers Wanted for Part Time Work) Mrs. Gregg : Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask about this item of Educational Sup- AN IDEAL EUROPEAN TOUR plies and Equipment $135,000. Is that due 58 Days-$ 595 to the fact that you are buying more care- Visiting England, Holland, Belgium, The Rhiné, Switzer- land, Italy ( includ. Naples ) , Riviera and France fully or curtailing ? Full particulars Col. Ellicott : Both . Mrs. Florence B. Blair CHICAGO 5218 Dorchester Avenue Fairfax 5147 The Chairman : Mr. Henry, can you give an analysis of that Educational Supplies and Equipment, the saving of $ 135,000 ? Bluebird Cottage Mr. Henry : It represents the excess of BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at appropriation for the year over the expendi- Boulder , Colorado, is open this winter to any Chicago ture. I am trying to recall the different teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. items , the amount that is attributable to Reservations may be made in Chicago at 1515 Capitol Building saving in educational supplies, as compared to equipment. I think it is probably about $80,000 in supplies or $ 85,000 and about WOULD YOU $50,000 of it is equipment, as I remember. I am not positive about those figures, but I Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? think that is about the difference . If so, write for information . It means that we appropriated that much JULIA C. BRANNAN more than was actually spent during the Hayes Hotel Chicago, III. year. 2 February 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 219 In the matter of supplies, we set up an appropriation for each school based upon the number of pupils in that school. Now, ENRICI'S is famous no less it frequently happens in one item of supplies H after another that the school does not use for the enduring and deep all of its appropriation. Sometimes that is friendships it has won than due to the fact that they don't need all of it. Sometimes it is due to the fact that the for the quality of the foods requisition does not get through in time for it serves and for the great them to get it. Sometimes they need it and volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- don't get it, Mrs. Gregg. I think that is an item that might perhaps be studied with day, before the matinee, it is the great some profit, both from the educational and central meeting place. business side. Mrs. Hefferan : If they need it and don't get it I wonder if we are not coming out on - the wrong side of the horn with a saving of $135,000 ? Chicago Teachers' Federation (Continued from Page 211 ) there would not be any necessity for an in- HENRICI'S crease in the tax rates ? WM. M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT Miss Haley : That is our position, and that is what our position always has been. 67 W. Randolph St. Alderman Mills : There could even be a Between Dearborn and Clark Streets decrease in the tax rates . You could have a - lower rate and get more revenue . At the close of the discussion, the Com- mittee passed a motion requesting the Board of Education to send a representative to the Stylish yes ! but with real comfort - ■ next meeting of Council committee to explain Our Arnold Glove-Grip Shoes combine voguish - why the additional money is needed by the style an dsmart good ■ Board of Education. This hearing to which looks with the most mar- velous comfort your feet Miss Haley was also invited, was scheduled ever felt. for Thursday, February 18 . Glove-Grips support the arch and fit like a glove from the start. And they wear well. Come in and SUBSCRIPTION let us show you our com- plete line. The TRIM-ARCH to $10 $11 $12 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Room206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. Name.. Address (Street and Number) City Subscription price $2.00 per year. 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν. are the natural result of CONGESTED BLOOD Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. are many other ailments. If YOUR school day wears on you -if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles, or if you cannot sleep well-permit us to demonstrate the Best of Reasons ELECTREAT You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty minutes. Teacher-George Washington would not NOT A MEDICINE. tell a lie. Don't you want to be like him ? Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given Tommy-No, miss. a free demonstration at home-no obligation Teacher-Why not ? ELECTREAT CO . Tommy-He's dead. - Pittsburgh School 39 W. Adams St. Wab. 0598 Bulletin. Page 220 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 15, 1926 EDUCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND TYPEWRITING • BOOKKEEPING • Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher , you are often called upon to shoul- PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK der the responsibility of recommending a school We can prepare you during the Summer months to to your students. We sincerely believe that a instruct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. visit to this school will convince you that you can Our correspondence course taken in the winter unhesitatingly send your students to us. You months will prepare you so well, that much better will find our courses intensive throughout, and results will be obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer. rapid in their preparation for positions. SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL -- Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 Harrison 1995 When referring students to us-kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. If Your Feet Hurt SPARE TIME ART COURSES -"See Me" Many of us do not realize what can be accom- Here, our one aim is to give you foot com- plished in SPARE TIME IN ART —do you ? Mon- fort. Our shoes, day-Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7-9:30 as well as our also Saturday and Sunday Classes in ART. Pos- service, are designed sibly we have just the course you have always toward that longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, end. Our interior decoration, commercial art, illustration or? business thrives on the satisfaction we give comfort lovers . Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses D. C. LOCKE'S Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART In the SOCKET FIT Formerly 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. the "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School" Lobby SHOE STORE College ofthe Shops Boot Bldg. 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Shop CHICAGO, ILLINOIS MACLEAN COLLEGE of Music, Dramatic and Speech Arts "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. JUST WHAT YOU WANT A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of Excellent Instructors , Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at AnyTime, Promotional Credits for Teachers . value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS message on Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your Director Music Dept. subscription will be welcomed. $2.00 per year-20c per Director Speech Arts Dept. 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO copy. Send stamps for sample copy. Remember it's the ALL-ARTS MAGAZINE Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams Street, Dept. M Chicago, Illinois CommercialArt and School TEACHERS- We will make you a BRIEF CASE of a size and VogueSchoolofFashionArt ADVERTISING ART, FASHION ILLUSTRATION, style to meet your individual requirements at a COSTUME DESIGN price lower than inferior "ready mades ." Posters, Cartoons, Interior Decoration, Lettering andDesign Day, Half-Day, Evening and Saturday Chicago Trunk and Leather Goods Co. Department 772 116 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago "A Union Shop" 526 S. Wabash Harrison 2238 THE GRACE HICKOX STUDIOS Accredited by Chicago Board of Education . Superfluous Hair Fine Arts Building , Chicago Can positively be forever destroyed TEACHING ACTING PRODUCING Ihavebeeninbusinessfor many years and I guarantee my work DALCROZE EURYTHMICS Definite Training for Definite Work. Special Term of forty hours for Teacher's Credits Forming now in Diction, Martha B. Dowdy Dramatic Technique, Staging of Plays and Stagecraft. For further information address Studio. Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash Telephone Wabash 8572 No Apprentices Not a Beauty School GREATEST FUR SALE Charge Accounts of CLASS PINS Teachers Solicited RINGS Creating a record for low prices ::: TROPHIES on new furs and on remodeling. Special 10 % Discount to Teachers CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO . LEVEY & CO. 707 Capitol Bldg. Republic Bldg. 209 S. State St. 159 No. State St. Central 1380 U. S. POSTAGE 12c. PAID CHICAGO, ILLINOIS PERMIT No. 3663 VOL . NO . III MargaretHaley's 12 Chicago, Ill . 341 February 27, 1926 The Rare Article ೪ HEN we discuss the cost of educating WHE our children in the public schools we might do well to remember a conversa- tion from Dicken's Nicholas Nickleby. Squeers who runs a school remarked: "What a rare article milk is, to be sure! Just fill my mug up with luke warm water William, will you ?" "To the very top, sir?" inquired William . "Why, the milk will be drownded." "Never you mind that," replied Mr. Squeers . "Serve it right for being so dear." We do not want to serve our education in the same fashion for the same reason. -Editorial Herald-Examiner, Feb. 23, 1926. Page 222 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 If Your Feet Hurt LUNCHEON -"See Me" CANDIES Here, our one aim is to give you foot com- RICH ICE CREAMS fort. Our shoes, as well as our service, are de- Much as tho you would conceive in your own signed toward that end. Our business thrives mind the finest and most desirable things to eat The sole of the on the satisfaction we foot finds its and then find them in beautiful surround- correctly bal- give comfort lovers. ings-moderately priced ! anced mould in the SOCKET- D. C. LOCKE'S FIT SHOE . At My New Tea Room JULIA KING'S In the SOCKET FIT Formerly 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. the Near Randolph St. Lobby SHOE STORE College the Shops Boot ve 17 NORTH WABASH AVENUE Bldg. Shop CHICAGO . ILLINOIS Sa BY MAKING YOUR OWN CLOTHES BERTHA OTT Announces the following CONCERT and RECITALS under her management during March WE MAKE IT EASY RETURN ENGAGEMENT-Fritz Kreisler, violinist, recital, Orchestra Hall, Sunday afternoon, March 7th, at 3:30. Seats Upon Cutting and Fitting depends the ultimate success $1.10, $ 1.65, $2.20 and $ 2.75 (tax included) at box office now. in the making of the garment and that intricate task, One performance only of Mozart's opera comique "The Mar- we perform for you-then pin and baste it. Your riage of Figaro" with an all star grand opera cast, Studebaker own ideas are followed-or you may select from our Theatre, Sunday afternoon, March 7th. Seats $1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20, style books . All you do is the actual sewing !! $2.75 (tax included) at box office now. Then, too, we have a Marion Alice McAfee, soprano, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- day afternoon, March 7th, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10 and $ 1.65 ; Box Partial and Complete Finishing Service Seats, each $2.20 ( tax included) at box office now. -doing part of the sewing-or the complete making Harold Bauer and Ossip Gabrilowitsch, two-piano recital, Stude- of the garment. Appointments for fitting may be baker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, March 14th, at 3:30. Seats made by telephone. $1.10, $1.65 , $ 2.20 , $ 2.75, tax included, at box office now. Max Pollikoff, violinist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday after- THE GOODRICH SHOP noon, March 14th, at 3:30. Seats $1.10, $ 1.65, tax included, at box office now. 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 Maria Coromilas- Stratos, dramatic soprano, recital, Orchestra Hall, Tuesday evening, March 16, at 8:15 . Seats $ 2.75, $1.10, boxes $ 23.10, tax included. Mail orders now. Mischa Elman, violinist, recital, Orchestra Hall, Sunday after- noon, March 21st, at 3:30. Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65, $ 2.20, $2.75, tax included. Mail orders now. SUPERFLUOUS HAIR Mischa Levitzki, pianist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday afternoon, March 21st, at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $1.65, $2.20, tax Can positively be forever destroyed. included. Mail orders now. I have been in business for Howard Goding, pianist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday many years afternoon, March 21 , at 3:30 . Seats $ 1.10, $ 1.65, tax included. And I Guarantee My Work Mail orders now. MARTHA B. DOWDY Tickets can be secured by addressing BERTHA OTT, 1520 Blum Bldg . 624 So. Michigan Ave. Dearborn 5397 Madison and Wabash No Apprentices. Not a Beauty School. DISTINCTIVE PERMANENT WAVING The Most Satisfactory Special Appointment Time Set Aside for Teachers Anne Heathcote Studio PERMANENT WAVE 608 Republic Building 209 South State Street Guaranteed to Please Telephone Harrison 9060 FRANCES Specializes in Cutting Curly Hair PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. This Advertisement and STO YOU TR F Our ShoesOAre UBL Great Pain Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a New Permanent Wave $050 P R OOTRelievers. InEstock S or THE WENZEL WAY Made to Order. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back A. 177 North State Street SLATIN 10% to Teachers WENZEL State 1887 Shoe Specialist. 4810 N. Kimball Ave. At Lawrence. Keystone 9595 Dora Furlong Incorporated FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS 624 So. Michigan Avenue Blum Bldg. Phone Wabash 2595 Streiff&Dagobert FLORISTS Permanent waving by the most competent operators We guarantee all permanent waving to be the very best that can be secured any where Expert Designer of Floral Art Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Entire Head $8.00 Be Sure To Register March 23. ΓΣ MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN OC VOL . 3. No. 12 February 27, 1926 Page 223 Assessing Property Valuations Game of Hocus -Pocus ? al Chicago Newspaper Says It Belongs Among Indoor Sports The American game of hocus- pocus as per $ 100 assessed property valuation. Miss Mary Abbe , president of the Teachers' Federation, cites an played by Chicago in financing its schools, is imposing array of authorities, from the mayor down, vividly portrayed in the following editorial , in behalf of securing equitable assessments under the rates now authorized by law. "Paying for the Schools, " appearing in the To the amateur in economics the present system of Chicago Daily Journal of February 24, 1926 , assessing property valuations seems to be just a part apropos of the proposal before the city council of the great American game of hocus-pocus . It be- longs in the same list of indoor sports with the dry- to place on the ballot a proposition to increase wet congressional game, and the 6- o'clock-is -7- o'clock the tax rate for educational purposes from daylight saving game. It allows the property owner to feel that he has beaten the tax collector even when $1.92 to $ 2.92 on each $ 100 of assessed valua- the game is played fairly, because he can say, " Of tion. course the rate is a crime , but see how low my valua- tion is ; and then I'm taxed on only a fraction of that ." Everyone agrees that the Chicago schools are going to need more money in the coming years . With the But a game that starts with pretenses is certain to go on to pretenses that were not intended in the present rate of city growth the carrying out of the original compact. All the people cited by Miss Abbe present program will demand more money in increas- are right in their contention. If the ridiculous system ing sums . If the kindergartens should be discontinued, can not be changed to a frank and definite one, by all by 1928 there would be need of more money than now. means let us have it frankly and honestly administered If the school year were reduced by a full month, in under its present form, rather than to have it made 1929 there would still be need of more money. If yet more ridiculous . For if the rate is raised as teachers' salaries were cut by 10 per cent in 1929 proposed , the evasions will be more flagrant than ever. more money would be needed. Only by a combination There are three main elements in the problem . of all these abridgments could the school bills be They are related, but they ought not to be confused : paid for the next several years at the present rate ( 1 ) More money is needed for the schools of Chicago ; of income . (2) It ought to be raised by the proper methods ; ( 3 ) This being the case, the only real question at issue If it can't be raised, the schools will have to suffer, is as to how the extra money shall be raised. Presi- for curtailed schools are preferable to municipal dent Ellicott of the school board says that it should be bankruptcy. done by increasing the school tax from $ 1.92 to $2.92 -Chicago Daily Journal , Feb. 24, 1926. Silent Safest A Matter of Spelling "Sam, do you solemnly swear to tell the A teacher was instructing her class in the use of antonyms. "Now, children, " she said, truth, the whole truth and nothing but the "what is the opposite of sorrow ? " - truth ? " " Joy," shrieked the class in unison.. "Ah does, suh . " "What is the opposite of pleasure ? ” "Pain ." "Well, Sam, what have you got to say "And what is the opposite of woe ? ” for yourself ? " "Giddap ." -The Outlook . "Jedge, wif all dem limitations you jes' put on me, ah don't believe ah has any- The United States Mint makes it first. It's thing to say. " -Rochester Times- Union . up to you to make it last. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. From theMasthead by The Lookout Every citizen must register on March 23, in order to vote for candidates for Board of Assessors and Board of Review at the Primary, April 13. To the Teachers of Chicago: At this time, nothing seems more appro- lature taken from a recent book "Altgeld priate to report to you, than these words on of Illinois" by Waldo R. Browne : taxation in Illinois by Former Governor Alt- "Whatever may be said of the theory of geld of Illinois in his message to the Legis- lature of 1895 . our revenue system in this State, it is, in its practical workings, a giant of injustice. Under Governor Altgeld might be called the it great concentrations of wealth contribute father of the teachers' tax fight, for it was comparatively little, while the owners of he, who, five years after sending this mes- small and moderate, sized properties are sage to the Legislature, advised that it was forced to bear nearly all the burdens of the possible for the teachers, through Miss Gog- gin, a taxpayer, to enter mandamus proceed- government. The personal property of the ings to compel millions of omitted and very rich is scarcely taxed at all. There are under-assessed property of the public utility thousands of men in this State who have corporations to pay a just share of taxes. great fortunes invested in stocks, bonds and While Governor Altgeld said that it was other forms of personal property, upon which possible for the teachers to take this action, they do not pay a dollar, yet they enjoy all he also said that they should not expect to of the educational facilities, all of the pro- win as there was not one court in Chris- tection and other advantages of the govern- tendom which would give them a decision ment just as much as their neighbors do, and, against these powerful corporations. curiously enough, these are very often the Notwithstanding the doubts of the former men who have most to say about patriotism Governor, favorable decisions were obtained and the duties of citizenship. by the teachers not only from " one court in The failure to assess personal property is Christendom," but from court after court, due in part to the fact that there is no and these corporations were compelled to method of compelling every man to state pay $ 600,000 in taxes on property that had honestly what he has. Again, in the assess- been entirely omitted from taxation. The action taken at that time is bearing fruit now ment of real estate the greatest inequality is found between the assessments of small and in the official action of the City Council on February 3, 1926 , appropriating $46,000 to the assessments on valuable pieces of prop- be used to compel the assessment by public erty. .. Most of the injustice in the assess- • officials of hundreds of millions of omitted ment of tangible property, such as real or under-assessed property which the City estate, is directly due to corruption. It is Council has officially recognized as escaping. found that large holders of real estate first Following is an extract from Former Gov- employ agents to manage it and to keep the ernor Altgeld's message to the 1895 legis- taxes down. These agents have a go-between Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 225 who arranges with some assistant assessor, his building with the coal of one solicitor's whereby, for a consideration, the assessment company or insure it in the insurance com- on certain pieces of property is lowered so pany of the other. that the property owner saves from five to ten times the amount he advances to the Bishop Spaulding said some years ago, re- assessor . ferring to the blunted sensibilities of people in regard to this tax situation, "We are fast The result of all this is that the men of becoming incapable of moral indignation. " moderate means, the men of small holdings, pay from two to four times as much in pro- Within the last twenty-four hours two busi- portion to their ability as do the very ness men who called at the office of the Fed- wealthy, who do more in every way to in- eration at different times told of their exper- crease the expense of the government. The iences with tax-fixers who have come to their moderate property holder rarely ever calls offices and offered to have their taxes reduced for extra police protection, and never for if the owners would take coal from the coal military protection. The large property company represented by the tax- fixer. A holders use both. " ... photographic reproduction of a Tax-Fixer's Notice, which appears below, was given to The revenue situation of Illinois , which, in me by a man who received it through the its practical workings, Governor Altgeld mails . characterized as " a giant of injustice" in The City Council of Chicago and the peo- 1895, has become intolerable in 1926. Tax- ple of our city are to be congratulated that evasion and tax-fixing are the order of the the Council has appropriated $46,000 for the day, so general, in fact, that they are taken work of obtaining fair and equitable assess- for granted . ment of property for taxation . The teach- 2 ers of Chicago will gladly co-operate with Business men and owners of apartments the City Council . are no longer shocked when a representative of a coal company or of an insurance com- pany openly approaches one of them and of- T fers to get the taxes on his business or apart- ment building reduced if the owner will heat Morgen A. Haly (Photographic Reproduction ) ef Thirtieth-Ward Republican Club Thirty Third Pct. Owing to the almost impossibility of determining just when the Board of Assessors will dstribute the Personal Property Schedules for the year 1925 in this precinct, am taking this means of informing you that I will be glad to use what influence I have in taking care of all that are turned over to me. Will also be in a position to handle Real Estate Tax Bills on which you L es feel an adjustment should be made, about the first part of July, 1925. Hop- th ing to be of some service, I remain, Your Servant, 16 J. S. CASEY, tol 4221 Congress St. Pct. Committeeman. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 226 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 Educational Fund Will Cover Expend- itures of 1926 Budget, President Says Mr. Ellicott Presents Statement to Council Committee Seven members of the Board of Education Excerpts from the stenographic report of appeared before the Committee on Schools, the proceedings before the Council Commit- Fire and Civil Service of the City Council on tee on Schools on February 18 follow : February 18 on the invitation of that Com- Excerpts from stenographic report of meet- mittee . Six of these Board members spoke to ing of SCHOOLS, FIRE AND CIVIL SERV- the Committee on behalf of the Board's re- ICE COMMITTEE of the City Council of the quest that the City Council put on the Ballot, City of Chicago, held in the council commit- at the April Primary Election, the proposition tee rooms on Thursday, February 18, 1926, to increase the Educational Tax rate from at 10:30 o'clock A. Μ. $1.92 to $ 2.92 on each $ 100 of assessed value . President Ellicott presented a financial statement containing five pages of statistical The meeting was called to order by Alder- matter, portions of which he read to the Com- man Brieske, ( at 11:10 A. M. ) who presided. mittee . From this statement Mr. Ellicott The following Aldermen were present : showed the Committee that the Educational Alderman Nelson, Alderman Cronson, Alder- Fund would be able to take care of the $41,- man Mills, Alderman Hoellen, Alderman 000,000 of expenditures from that fund pro- Clark and Alderman Brieske , Chairman . vided for in the 1926 Budget and would have left in that fund $2,310,000 of borrowing There were also present the following power on December 31, 1926, with which to members of the Board of Education : Pres . meet the teachers' pay rolls for the month of Ellicott, Mrs. Hefferan, Mrs. Gregg, Mr. January , 1927 . Greenebaum, Mr. Schmid, Mr. English and It was shown that there was no need to Mr. Mullenbach . close schools, cut salaries, or curtail any pres- There were also present : Mr. Nelson B. ent activities in 1926 . Henry, Secretary of Finance Committee, The aldermen brought out the point that Board of Education ; Miss Margaret A. the City Council could pass the levying ordi- Haley, representing Chicago Teachers Fed- nance early in January, 1927, to provide for eration ; Mr. George A. Beers, representing the Tax Levy for the Board of Education for Principals' Club ; Mr. Don Rogers, Secretary the year 1927 ; that the Board could then be- Principals' Club ; Mrs. Katherine S. Rueff , gin immediately after that ordinance was Principal Healy School ; Mr. Charles E. passed to borrow against the 1927 tax levy ; Lang, Principal Kelvyn Park Junior High that there would be no shortage of money in School and various others. the Educational Fund until late in 1927 and Chairman Brieske : On account of the therefore no need of putting the proposition weather conditions I presume some of the on the ballot in April, 1926 ; that the Council Alderman were unable to get down to at- had appropriated $ 46,000 to increase the tend this meeting, and some of them may assessment of property by having property come in a little later. So we will just go that is under- assessed or omitted put on the on with the hearing ; if we do not get a assessors ' books, thereby so increasing the quorum together we may not be able to revenue that it might be unnecessary to in- act, but we are willing to hear you at this crease the school tax rate ; and that if the time so as not to take up your time at a fu- Council, the Board of Education, and others ture date . making this effort to increase the assessment did not succeed, as they hoped to do, then the We have asked you to be present, you proposition to increase the tax rate could be know, and at the next meeting if you wish put on the ballot in November, 1926 . to be present again we will notify you , Mr. Ellicott . It was shown that if approved by the voters in November, 1926, the increased tax rate for Col. Ellicott : Mr. Chairman and members the Educational Fund could be spread on the of the Committee : We understand there has 1926 assessment and collected in 1927 . been some surprise expressed that the mem- Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 · MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 227 bers of the Board were not present at your cation, together with his assistants, did some last hearing. We did not know you were pretty good work. At that rate it would going to have a meeting and no invitation take a long time to get it up to a point was sent us, so that we could not very well where we can see our way clear. I wish be present. you gentlemen would study this thing over. Alderman Nelson : How much of an in- Chairman Brieske : It was an oversight. crease was brought about by the Board of Col. Ellicott : I will say this, that there Review ? never will be any time when you want a Col. Ellicott : I beg your pardon ? committee of the Board of Education to ap- Alderman Nelson : How much of an in- pear before you that we will hesitate for a crease in actual revenue was brought about 1 moment if you send for us ; and as far as by the Board of Review through the activity working with the members of this commit- of your attorney, through the activity of the 1 tee and with the members of the City Coun- Firemen in filing the complaint over there ? cil collectively or individually we have tried How much do you estimate the additional to prove in the past two months that we revenue will be ? will take up any matters that you refer to Col. Ellicott : It will be a little over a us and will continue to do so regardless of million dollars from the last reports I have . any action that you take in this matter. Alderman Nelson : A little over a million I have some figures here that I want to dollars for the educational fund ? submit to you and make certain explana- Col. Ellicott : Yes . We do not know who tions . got the increases . (President Ellicott then handed to the Alderman Nelson : No. members of the committee a copy of the Col. Ellicott : We worked on it, the Fire- paper hereto annexed .) men worked on it, the Teachers Federation Col. Ellicott : The matter of increasing the worked on it. No one knows. Of course, in tax levy is not a very popular thing, we ap- many instances cases that we brought in preciate that. We know that any legisla- were passed and no one knows the effect tive body that proposes an increase is going of the to lose a part of whatever popularity they Alderman Nelson : What I was interested may enjoy. But here is an instance where in was the amount of increase. they are more likely to lose popularity if Col. Ellicott : Yes . That is taken account they do not present to the people what they of in our estimated amount available for the consider a necessary increase to carry out year 1926. We just received the figures the activities of the educational department the other day. along the lines that they are now being car- * Mr. Cronson : Colonel, did I understand * * ried . you to say you might have to close the S schools ? We are not asking you to endorse this re- quest for an increase in the tax levy. We Col. Ellicott : I said there are three or ask you to submit it to the people and let four different things that could be done, them say whether they want to increase some one of which will have to be done . their taxes or not. Let them say whether Alderman Cronson : Well , how does that they would rather not increase taxes, and fit in with the supposed policy of the Board it is all right for the School Board to go of running all year round ? ahead and make any economies it deems Col. Ellicott : Oh, that was more of a necessary to make to come within the proposition to take care of our seating ; has amount of money available for the purpose not anything to do with the financial end. of paying our bills. It is not a question of what we would like to do . We cannot, as Alderman Cronson : Well, it would cost you gentlemen know, borrow to exceed 75 money, wouldn't it, to run them all the year around ? per cent of the tax levy. Col. Ellicott : How is that ? Now, it has been proposed that we wait Alderman Cronson : It would cost some until we have the increase in the assessed valuation. You gentlemen know how long money to run them all the year around , wouldn't it ? that is going to take . It is going to take a good long while before we get anything that Col. Ellicott : Oh , yes, certainly: is at all appreciable. Well, we got a little Alderman Cronson : They have not enough action. The attorney for the Board of Edu- money to run them all the year around ? Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 228 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 * * * Col. Ellicott : Oh, no . That was merely Col. Ellicott : Yes . a suggestion there has been no attempt on Alderman Mills : If the Assessors and the part of anyone to establish all year Board of Review during this year-the As- around schools . It was suggested that it sessors sitting in the spring and the Board was possibly a way out of the seating short- of Review in the summer and fall if they age, that we could not see the end of it at should place upon the books enough of the * * * the time we were discussing it. property that is escaping so that the total Mr. English : All we can see is this finan- valuation of property in the County were, cial statement. If there is some other way say, three times what it is now, what would of maintaining the educational activities of be the borrowing power then, instead of this this city without increasing the tax rate for $2,341,000 ,—what would it be ? the schools, I do not think there will be any- Col. Ellicott : Who , do you assume, is go- body in Chicago more pleased to find a way ing to raise it ? to do that than the members of the Board Alderman Clark : Well, I know who should of Education. This is a matter that will raise it. The Board of Assessors and the have to be brought to the attention of Board of Review . the people through an educational cam- paign . * * * Col. Ellicott : Well, what chance do you think there is of either one of them ? Alderman Nelson : Nobody comes in closer Alderman Clark : I think there is a very contact with the taxpayer than the public good chance . official who lives at home and functions at home and who is elected in a restricted area , Alderman Cronson : They are working on like the members of the City Council. We that now, I understand . The tax is going to probably hear more protests on the tax rate be something like 55 cents higher or some- than any other public official, elective or thing like that. otherwise . That is the thing that is bother- Alderman Clark : Mr. Chairman, the Board ing my mind. You hear from all sides . The of Education, I understand, have employed small taxpayer—and by the "small tax an attorney, and I think some other men, payer" I mean the citizen who owns a cot- valuators, Mr. what is his name, the at- tage or a two-flat or a three- flat or even a torney, Ashton ? six or seven flat building, and there are citi- Col. Ellicott : Yes . zens who have income from investments Alderman Clark : He appeared before our after a life's work, their tax bill is one of Finance Committee about a month ago and the big important factors in existence . The made the statement that they had made at protests we hear are " Why is not an equit- least a partial survey of real estate valua- able valuation placed on property in Cook tions in Chicago . He said that they took, I County and the City of Chicago ? " Almost think, 500 or 400 small properties, one -story, every taxpayer is alive to the fact that there two-story and three-story buildings, and isn't an equitable valuation . made a survey as to the valuation of those The City Council in its budget for 1926 buildings, and then found out what the as- set aside a fund to make an investigation sessment was on those buildings, and he and to make an effort not only to investigate found that the assessed value of small build- but to make an effort to have an equitable ings was 35 per cent of the real value. Then valuation made. I know that no member of they took four hundred larger buildings, the Council and I think I reflect the views apartment buildings, apartment hotels, and of all of them would want to be responsible loop property, and they found that the as- for closing up the schools or curtailing any sessed valuation of the larger buildings was of the activities ; but you say, I notice in the only 20 per cent of the real value. statement that President Ellicott made , that Now, Mr. Ellicott, if that statement is true, you have about two millions-how many how can the City Council recommend an in- hundred thousand dollars of borrowing crease in the tax rate if the small property power ? owner is paying on 35 per cent of its full Col. Ellicott : $ 2,300,000 . value , and the larger property owner on only 20 per cent ? How can we consistently Alderman Nelson : In round figures, two recommend an increase in the tax rate ? and a quarter million dollars of borrowing power that you will have left on December Col. Ellicott : Has anyone asked that the 31 , 1926 . City Council recommend it ? Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 229 Alderman Clark : Well, you want to put is merely presenting to you the situation as it up to a referendum . I take it if we vote it sees it, and based on past experiences . on that favorably we are recommending it Anyone who does not follow those does not to the people. get very far in providing money to carry on L Col. Ellicott : No, you are not recommend- needed activities. Now, if you want to take ing it to the people . the position that you are going to get this Alderman Clark : Certainly we should not increased valuation and it will provide put it up to the people if it is not justified. enough money to keep the schools going as Col. Ellicott : The law says these requests they are and will man your new schools that shall be submitted to your body for your are going into service, that is all right. concurrence . But if the time comes that you do not Alderman Clark : I believe it is man- secure your revenue in that manner , do not datory . come back to the Board of Education and Col. Ellicott : If you do not want to step say, "Well, you have got to take care of it in and take the responsibility, that is all . some way. Why didn't you let us know ? Alderman Clark : Why, certainly, and I Why didn't you let us know you were in this am willing to do that, as far as I am con- position ? " Because you gentlemen have to cerned. talk to your people at home ; they are going Coi . Ellicott : That is all right. We are to talk to you when children are not getting not trying to force you . everything they are getting now ; they are Alderman Clark : We are trying to see going to talk to you when their school term that just valuations are placed upon the is shortened, also. All we are asking is that books and they are not at the present time ; you gentlemen use judgment in this matter. and your own attorney made that statement Alderman Mills : Mr. Chairman, I would before the Finance Committee . like to ask President Ellicott if this vote were Col. Ellicott : Just remember that when submitted in the November election instead you do that and you do not get your in- of the April primary, how would that affect creased assessed valuations- the matter ? It seems to me it is not fair to Alderman Clark : Well , supposing we do ? submit any proposition for an increase of Col. Ellicott : You haven't got- taxes or a bond issue at a primary election, Alderman Clark : Don't you think we because the mass of people do not attend should try that first before we try to increase primaries ; the ballot is not secret and they the tax rate. Don't you think we should try do not go and will not go. Any revenue that first ? We are trying it now . matter that is submitted to the people ought Col. Ellicott : You have been trying it for to be at a general election and not at a twenty years to my knowledge and haven't primary. got very far and won't get very far this year. Mr. Ellicott : Well, I do not know about Alderman Clark : I do not think it has that phase of it. - been tried before. We have an appropria- Alderman Mills : That has not been con- ( tion in the city budget this year of $46,000 sidered ? to make a survey of the city of Chicago and Col. Ellicott : That has not been consid- find out as to whether or not property is ered at all . It was taken up with the Election assessed at what it should be assessed. We Commissioner's office and they said it was have not ever tried it before that I know of legal for submission in April. and I do not believe the Board of Education Alderman Mills : Well, it may be legal ever tried it before . but it is not legitimate, it is not fair to the Alderman Mills : Alderman Clark, both people. It does not get a real expression . the Board and the City Council passed a That is the way it impressed me . resolution favoring that in 1923. I do not Col. Ellicott : Well , I think those who know whether anything was done . cared anything about it one way or the other Alderman Clark : I do not believe they would go and vote and those who did not ever made an appropriation to try and have would not. That is the way they usually it done. It has been done by the Board this elect officials, and pass on about everything year and by the City Council . they are called on to . * * * Col. Ellicott : I would be very glad indeed Alderman Nelson : If an increase in the tax if the money that is necessary could be raised rate is voted for the educational fund and in that manner. I am merely, and the Board this crisis that the Board of Education is up Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 230 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 against is met by such action, we won't have Alderman Clark mentioned that this per- much chance of putting through this matter haps could go on the ballot next November. of equitable valuations . If it did, it would not be operative, as I In other words, if I owned a million dollars' understand it, for the assessed valuation of worth of property, I would rather pay an 1926. It would be operative, for the 1927 extra dollar on the educational tax, if I was taxes , which in turn are collected in 1928. only being assessed on a hundred thousand In the meantime where are we going to get dollars, than to have my valuation disturbed, the money from ? We have reached the end or to have my valuation increased to what of our borrowing power. That is one main it should be, because then I would be paying point I want to stress. an increased tax for the city and for the Now, as far as the increase in assessed county and for the sanitary district and valuation of property in the city in the last * * * everything else . seven years . Our expert has just You understand the difference ? told me that in order to keep up with the Col. Ellicott : Certainly. increased expenses of the schools we must Alderman Nelson : Increase the tax rate have an increase in assessed valuation of to meet this crisis, then the public gets $ 115,000,000 per year-five times as much apathetic again, and the public agencies par- as we have gotten in the last seven years. ticularly, if there isn't any crisis confronting It takes a pretty optimistic person to expect them. We have been going along, I don't that, Aldermen. know how long, but for the three years I Alderman Clark : Right there . I do not care have been here in the City Council, our to interrupt you, but don't you think Chicago Finance Committee has reported here in the is growing and you need more schools ? three budgets I have passed on, that the Thirty-two elementary schools, $2,560,000. financial condition of the city was such that You say now the increase in values does not it could not carry on proper activities, such keep up, that they are away behind, and the as cleaning the streets and alleys . expenditures go away ahead. That is the We do not own an ambulance, the City of reason you are behind now ; and don't you Chicago does not, outside of one of the con- think the way Chicago has been growing, tagious divisions of the Hospital Department. that all the new buildings, those new build- We are having difficulty. We have to put ings and new districts where you are putting over a bond issue for these signal lights. We those schools, should at least take care of haven't got sufficient policemen ; we haven't those schools ? Should not Chicago take care got sufficient funds to carry on and build of itself ? comfort stations and other things that are Mr. Greenebaum : Theoretically, perhaps, essential, and the Finance Committee has Alderman, but not in practice , no. We are finally, after being hammered at for a long up against a practical proposition. time, voted this $ 46,000 to undertake this Alderman Clark : We know it has not job . been doing it, but it certainly should. I know how bond issues are voted, and Mr. Greenebaum : I agree with you in increased tax rates, particularly in a primary. full, it should; it certainly should. The It is a light vote , a lot of people won't get answer is that it has not been doing it and out and declare their politics . All of those we cannot be quite that optimistic. We things are matters we have to take into cannot run our schools on optimism, Alder- consideration . I appreciate that you are up man . against a real crisis here, and I appreciate Alderman Clark: There is something that our responsibility in this matter of equit- wrong some place. We ought to find out able valuations is important to every agency where it is wrong. in our local government here . Mr. Greenebaum : I agree with you. I Col. Ellicott : No question about that. It think the whole tax system is wrong ; the is important to the Board of Education and tax system is inequitable at the present time. everyone else, the City as well. Gentlemen, Real estate is bearing the burden for all of that is all the information I can give you . the taxes . That is wrong. The inheritance If Mr. Greenebaum— taxes and personal property taxes are not Alderman Mills : Mr. Greenebaum . collected in the state. They should be, but Mr. Greenebaum : Gentlemen : I have we cannot change that. We have to face * * * just a few words. this situation as we find it, not as it ought Be Sure To Register March 23 . February 27 , 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 231 to be. You have to face this crisis that we Alderman Clark : Mr. Chairman, I would * * * are up against. We are not get- like to hear from the other members of the ting enough from the taxes. It is entirely up Board. to you gentlemen. We are laying our cards Chairman Brieske : Mrs. Hefferan, do you on the table. We are asking you for consent wish to be heard ? to put this up to the voters. If it is not done, Mrs. Hefferan : * * * Now , I say, we at least have asked for it and our skirts gentlemen, we cannot gamble on this ques- are clean. We have done all we could. We tion as to what we will get from the Board have done what the law entitles us to do . of Review and from this revenue proposition We offered to put it up to the voters. If in November. We cannot gamble . Our ■ it is not done and the schools have to be function is the efficient management and ad- ■ curtailed the responsibility is yours . ministration of the school system, and for Miss Haley : Mr. Chairman, may I ask that we must have more money . There is Mr. Greenebaum a question ? I heard him no other way out. If you will grant per- Li say the tax rate would not be spread on the mission that is all, not a recommendation, 1926 valuation if the vote was taken in but permission for us to ask the people of November . Chicago as to what they are going to do with Now, I put that question up to the County the schools, we will try to do the rest. Treasurer's office in order to be informed If we are defeated there, then that is all about it, and my information from that office there is to it. It has been a fair field and is that it is not impossible, not illegal to do no favors . We have done the best we can - it, but it is possible ; and I can cite an in- do . I hope your Honorable Body will take ! stance when it was done in Chicago, when under consideration these tremendous ques- the tax rate was spread later, and the whole tions our official body is up against, and do 1 question was up in court at the time, and what you can to help us as you did before . that was in 1900. There were injunction Miss Haley : Mr. Chairman, the Board proceedings against the County Clerk's office members are leaving and there are some un- which held up the spreading of the tax until answered questions in this financial state- ! late in January, and all the work of spread- ment, about which I want to ask before Mr. 1 ing the taxes was done in January, after the Greenebaum goes, because he seems to be injunctions were dissolved . familiar with the figures. May I ask a ques- So that it is not impossible to spread the tion that is not clear from the statement ? tax on the 1926 valuation if the vote is taken Chairman Brieske : Certainly. in November, 1926, and the people approve Miss Haley : Is there included in the con- it, the same as if it were taken in April. It templated expenditures in this report for the is not impossible. That is the answer I got year 1926 , a consideration of an increase in from the County Treasurer's office . the teachers' salaries under a new salary Mr. Greenebaum : Our attorneys advise schedule, for any part of 1926 ? I see down us to the contrary, and even granting that at the bottom of this statement, "New salary Miss Haley is correct, that it is not impos- schedule , first year, $1,750,000." What year sible, it is highly improbable, and our at does that first year men ? Does it mean 1926, torneys have advised us to the contrary. and is it in this ? Mr. Ellicott, it appears in Miss Haley : Have the attorneys advised his statement, says it is. that it is impossible or improbable ? Alderman Mills : It is included above in * * * (No reply to this question was given. ) the Proposed Expenditures. Chairman Brieske : Is there any other Miss Haley : What is that, $ 1,750,000 ? member of the Board that wishes to be Mr. Greenebaum : That is if the new heard ? salary schedule is adopted, the $ 1,750,000 Alderman Clark : Mrs. Gregg is here will be added to the other increased ex- Mrs. Gregg and Mrs. Hefferan. penses . Chairman Brieske : Yes . Miss Haley : That is just what I wanted Col. Ellicott : Excuse me, Mr. Chairman, to know. You could not tell whether there I have an appointment. are some new teachers in there —whether Chairman Brieske : All right. that is an estimate for new teachers or the (Here Col. Ellicott left the room. ) new salary schedule. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 232 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 Mr. Greenebaum : That means new teach- and including a salary increase in the face ers ' salary schedule, not salary schedule for of that deficit that Mr. Ellicott pointed * * * new teachers . out. Miss Haley : That is what we did not Mr. Greenebaum : Miss Haley, I think the know. You could not tell whether this was whole question of salary schedule is beside an allowance for new teachers . the point. Mr. Greenebaum : No. Miss Haley : True, but- Miss Haley : Mr. Chairman, if that is Mr. Greenebaum : That is one of the in- what is meant, I would like to ask someone cidental features of this whole proposition. who knows, what new salary schedule is We need the tax levy increase , whether referred to ? Of course, there must have or not the teachers' salaries are raised, or been some salary schedule on which to base whether they are left as they were , or an estimate. Is it that salary schedule that whether they are changed. That is not be- was rescinded by this Board, or what new fore the Board . That is not before this salary schedule was this estimate made on ? Body at this time . Mr. Greenebaum : Based on that one that Miss Haley : It is brought in here as part is before us . of this report. Miss Haley : That is the question we would Mr. Greenebaum : That is put down there like to have answered . We never have had as a separate part of the report. it answered. We thought that new salary schedule was dead and buried . Now it Miss Haley : That is exactly what I say . Now, the teachers are asked to go out- seems as if it is to be resurrected ; and if and the newspapers today will carry this , that same new salary schedule then, is what and why shouldn't they, as it is in this re- is meant for the second year, $ 3,000,000 port the newspapers will carry the state- extra, that is a salary schedule that cuts off ment that the teachers are asking for this the young teachers at the beginning and tax rate increase to get an increase in piles it on at the top, the high salaried people, and makes it a guess all through salaries . Why was not that left out ? Why was that not left out until the question of the system . tax rate was settled ? The same thing for the third year. There is a large amount added . They have been given orders,—there have been orders given , Mr. Chairman , and I I want to say on behalf of the teachers don't know whether these Board members I represent, and there are six thousand of know it or not but a secret document was them in the Federation, they were not in sent out by the Superintendent of Schools, favor of the new salary schedule in the first of which there are only five copies in exist- place; and in the second place, Mr. Chair- ence, and these five copies were placed in man, they have opposed for two years the the hands of the assistant superintendents, consideration of any salary increase for teachers with the condition of the school who read it to the district superintendents revenues. They felt it was a fatal error, and to the principals, and would not allow them to have copies, but they were allowed whoever made it. The present Superintend- to make notes, and the principals are to pass ent was not two months in Chicago when the information on to the teachers, or pass he wrote a letter to the Chairman of the as much as is wise in their judgment. Elementary Teachers' Council and to the Chairman of the High School Teachers ' Coun- That thirty-page document is a message cil, asking them to send committees to formu- from the Superintendent of Schools to send late salary schedules. If he knew the con- these teachers out and insist on their going dition of the finances, he did it in spite of out and demanding this tax rate increase. that; if he did not know, we think he should I submit, Mr. Chairman, that if that is to have known before he started ; and that agi- be done , that the Board of Education should tation has been going on for two years, and have kept out of this matter any reference the teachers feel that that agitation for a to any increase in salaries, or any reference new salary schedule has been the greatest to a schedule of salaries, about which there possible detriment to securing this increase has been so much discussion, and difference in the tax rate, if it becomes necessary to of opinion . I submit it is unfair, this morn- ask it; and they will feel they are handi- ing, to come in with this statement and bring capped now by bringing this report in today it into this committee , and I think the state Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 233 ment ought to be revised, that they ought were submitted with the object of embar- to be requested to revise it, and that the rassing the teachers- statement in regard to salaries should be Miss Haley : I did not say that. homitted from it ; and then find out what Mr. English : That is the way I take it, the borrowing power of the Board would Miss Haley . be for the periods mentioned in this report, Miss Haley. No , no , I did not say that. without any consideration of that salary matter. Mr. English : The object of Col. Ellicott in submitting this financial report was to I think it is unfair to the teachers . place everything before this committee so The teachers went out, Mr. Chairman, and that there could be no mistake as to what they asked the children to go out to work the problems of the Board were . So far as for that increase in the tax rate for the that new teachers' salary schedule is con- Building Fund. The Board did not do it; cerned, I think that is more of a figure of the Teachers did it and paid the bill. The speech than a concrete proposition. As you Board did not pay the bill. We paid the bill, know, the present Board reconsidered the $8,000, our Teachers' Federation paid for salary schedule after it was passed by the the printed matter. old Board , and no action was taken on it Not a single scrap of printed matter was since that time ; and as I take it, the refer- paid for or sent out by the Board. The ence to new teachers' salary schedule is not - Teachers' Federation paid $8000 for the a specific salary schedule , but to contemplate printing, cartage and postage and for films in some degree an increase in the salaries of to get that tax rate increase over for the teachers which all members of the Board of Building Fund. Education think the teaching force deserves ; and that was the object in placing this mat- The Board adopted a letter written by ter in here. the then president, and we went ahead and It is not to create an impression that the printed it. The teachers did that and they request for an increase in the tax rate is were willing to do it; they told the children based upon the payment of this new salary at that time to tell their parents that not a schedule ; and if that goes forth, it will be dollar of that was for increases in teachers ' because the gentlemen of the press do not salaries ; and the supposition was that the teachers were not going to come to the get this properly this morning . people and ask them to increase the tax rate The object of the Board has not been to under existing conditions to get an increase cover up a thing . It has been to try to bring these matters before your attention, and in their salary. refer it to your attention because we really I say, Mr. Chairman, we ought to have thought, finally the responsibility is yours ; that element left out of this presentation this and I cannot see where the reference to an morning, and I regret sincerely that it is increase in salary, whether it is a new salary in here. I regret it because of the unfair, schedule or an old salary schedule, affects unjust position it puts the teachers in. It the proposition of opening up 36 new schools predicates this tax rate increase on that mis- with an increased expenditure of $3,810,000, erable salary schedule that created so much not predicated on any salary schedule but discussion. the present one . If this tax rate increase is granted , all Alderman Nelson : Mr. English, the way these people that defended that salary I got the situation from the question asked schedule have to do is to say to the people, by Miss Haley was, what salary schedule- "This was granted on the strength of this that is the question directed to Mr. Greene- salary increase or salary schedule. " I think baum, as I understand it are the figures that is a most unfair proposition and I hope given here predicated on ? Is it the salary this will be sent back and that the Board schedule that was adopted once by the will be asked, in justice to the teachers, to Board and then rescinded by this new eliminate that element of the salary sched- Board ; and he answered yes . ule, so that the public will not have that in * Miss Haley : Yes, he answered yes . their minds . * * Alderman Nelson : And then as he makes Mr. English : I was just going to say , the statement, after getting that answer, - Alderman, that Col. Ellicott is not here, to then Miss Haley makes this statement, that answer the charge made that these figures if this council committee permitted this to Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 234 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 go on the ballot and this tax increase was Mr. Greenebaum : It very probably will granted, that then the Board could very be some such sum. We cannot tell to the conscientiously say that the people ratified dollar . that salary schedule because it was in the Mr. English : Subtract that and you still estimate here . Was that the- have four millions . Miss Haley : Yes, but, Mr. Chairman , Alderman Mills : I want to get clear on Mr. English seems to think there isn't any this. There is no question but what there new salary schedule expenditure for 1926, is a crisis here. for new salary schedule involved in this Miss Haley : Just a minute . Mr. Greene- calculation ; but Mr. Greenebaum says that baum has not answered that question fully. that $ 1,750,000 is for increases in teachers' Isn't this estimate based on that new salary salaries due to the new salary schedule . schedule ? That is the question you wanted, Mr. Greenebaum: If and when adopted. isn't it, Alderman ? Miss Haley : It is in your calculation . Alderman Nelson : He has answered yes. Alderman Clark : The estimate itself Mr. Greenebaum : You have to base it on shows it is . something, Miss Haley . Alderman Nelson : He said " Yes " because Alderman Mills : Mr. Chairman, may I it is the only one they could base it on. They ask the Board members present, as Col. El- do not say they are going to pass that one . licott has gone : Do we infer from this that That is what I understand the answer is . if the question is submitted and carried, that Mr. English : I think we ought to get that then that salary schedule will be re- enacted ? clear, Alderman , and each member of the Mr. Greenebaum: There is nothing defi- Board should answer that for himself. nite as far as the salary schedule is con- Alderman Cronson : Is there some mem- cerned, Alderman Mills. We undoubtedly ber of the Board, Mr. Chairman, that can tell would consider the question of teachers' this committee whether that estimate should salaries , adjustment of teachers' salaries. be in there or should not be in there, or just Alderman Cronson : Mr. Greenebaum, you what the item means ? must have it in mind or you would not have Mrs. Hefferan : Mr. Chairman , the item * * * it in there, would you ? should be in there . Mr. Greenebaum : That is what I say, Alderman Nelson : Now, the thought that that undoubtedly we will consider the ques- has been developed in the committee this tion of teachers' salaries, but whether it is morning is, as has been stated by Alderman a new schedule or old, has nothing to do Clark, Alderman Mills and practically every with it. member who has spoken, that if this went Alderman Cronson : Yes, but you are over until November, we would have an op- carrying in the new schedule here, aren't portunity to see what the Assessors have you ? done and what the Board of Review has * * * done . Mr. Greenebaum : We have to base it on something so the old figures were used. We Mrs. Hefferan : That is a gamble, Mr. do not maintain that salary schedule is going Nelson . When we see what these people do- to be adopted. We do say that in order to * * * * properly administer the schools, the question of adjustment of teachers' salaries will have Alderman Nelson : And suppose now, Mr. to be taken up and that is why that point Mullenbach, that everybody that has talked is considered in here . is correct in their statement that we have Alderman Cronson : Isn't this estimate not been very successful in getting equitable valuations , but on account of this crisis in correct of what you need ? the Board of Education and on account of Mr. Greenebaum: It is correct, except the crisis in the municipal affairs in our city that it is an estimate- -and by that I mean the paving of streets Alderman Cronson : Yes . and alleys and all the other things that come Mr. Greenebaum : -as to what it is going out of the corporate funds here everybody to mean to adjust the teachers' salaries . is aroused to the necessity of doing some- Alderman Cronson : When you figure an thing, and we have some reason to believe estimate , you figure that is what you are go- that there is going to be a substantial in- ing to do, don't you ? That is what you are crease in valuations ; and if they do not, in- going to spend ? sofar as I can, and I take it many others like Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 235 me, we are going to place the responsibility Association of Chicago . They did not have somewhere ; but if we patch, continually any amount of money to spend, but they patch as we are doing and vote a dollar tax went before the Board of Review and they now and the school crisis is met, and children had the Board of Review enter complaints continue on in school, and then nobody is there and caused $ 18,000,000 of capital stock aroused to do something about this, it is the valuations to be put on the books. That was small tax payer who will be grumbling, but this year. he cannot focus his attention as to where Those are the only two times I know of, it * * * the responsibility rests. has been tried, and it has been tried really Mr. Henry : Let me reiterate one state- without funds and they have succeeded . ment President Ellicott made , Alderman-if The City Council has appropriated $ 46,000 you exhaust your borrowing power with your and we are going to make a survey of Chi- December payrolls and December bills, as cago , we are going to try and uncover per- TE we will if we use up that $ 2,300,000 , you sonal property that is not being taxed ; we understand then you have absolutely nothing are going to try to have real estate assessed, in January. The Board may borrow on the especially large properties that are now 1927 tax levy or on the taxes collectible in escaping taxation, have it assessed at what 1927 after the Council has approved the it should be assessed. If that is done , there Board's appropriation . isn't any question about enough money being You might not do that until February 1st, here. and sometimes you do not. Miss Haley : The building permits, right Alderman Nelson : Well, we could do it. in the records in this building, show about If that is the only thing that would keep the $ 240,000,000 of building permits on an aver- schools from closing down, we could convene age for the last four years ; $ 978,000,000 of here on January 2nd and pass- building permits in four years . Mr. Henry : You would be willing to do Alderman Mills : And the permits are that? low. Alderman Nelson : No doubt about it, Alderman Clark : Very low. rather than see the schools closed . Miss Haley : Every time one of those Mr. Henry : That is the only point in- buildings is put up, the value of the land in volved in the statement. the neighborhood is increased . At the corner Alderman Nelson: If that is the only just south of Madison, near Ogden Avenue , point involved, we can well afford to wait. on Ashland Avenue, when that new depart- Alderman Clark : Mr. Chairman, the only ment store was built, Weiboldt's, the increase argument against this program, of course, is in the value of one of those old homes a block the fact that Chicago is not being assessed away on Ashland avenue, now used as a at what it should be assessed in real prop- boarding house, jumped to $ 50,000 . The erty and personal property . Mr. Ellicott woman who occupies this home could have made a statement here, and I am sorry he is bought it for $ 15,000 a few years ago ; it was not here . He said we never have been able bought over her head this winter for $ 50,000 . in the past to put additional valuations on I have a record here of the valuations of the books, and I think at that time I agreed property on Wacker Drive which were sold with him ; but in doing so I was in error, in 1925. The assessments for the year 1925 because there are only two times I know of on these same lands compared with the sale that an organized effort was made to put values, as shown by the record of transfers additional tax assessments on the books . in 1925, are outrageous. Here is one that 1 One time was a crisis something like this, sold for Two Million Dollars ; the full value 25 years ago , when I think the Teachers' fixed by the assessors is One Million Dollars , Federation of Chicago were the cause of put- assessed value is one half of that or $ 500,000 . ting several hundred million dollars of valua- It therefore pays taxes on only 25 per cent of tions on the books . The teachers' salaries its sale value and a whole million dollars of were cut and they went to the Board of value is escaping its lawful taxes . Assessors and Board of Review and didn't One hundred pieces of property, homes get any place, and they went to court with valued at $ 10,000 apiece, will bear the bur- a mandamus suit and forced those valuations den this one piece of Wacker Drive property on the books . escapes and , of one thing you may be sure, Now, this year we had a kind of a small these one hundred homes will get on the tax attempt, you may say, by the Firemen's books . Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 236 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 Sidelights on Business Control of the Schools and Immigration Startling Conclusions Reached by Educators in Bending the Twig Following are three significant expres- a portion of them. Review and drill upon the lower grade mechanical processes must be kept up in suc- sions from three significant authorities on ceeding grades if the youngster when he leaves school popular educational conceptions : and tackles life is to be as adept as he ought to be in handling figures . When immigration to the United States grows less , our educational ideas will have to undergo some de- We forget most that we learn. It is all important then that the things we remember, be the right things, cided changes to meet the demands of housework and the practical things , the usable things. Why can't the of manual labor. As it is now, native-born Americans school authorities set up an irreducible minimum of are always trying to get the higher positions, and these essentials and insist that every child come with are counting on the foreigners to do the drudgery. 100 % . I would apply this principle in English in- Fifty years ago , the Irish dug our ditches, built our struction too, stressing correct usage habits ; to Geog. streets , carried the hod ; but now we have made them raphy, emphasizing locations very largely; to History, the mayors of our cities, the ward bosses. The Ital- teaching over and over that WHAT and the WHEN ians are taking their turn at making pavements , and in relation to other WHENS ; and to a comparatively doing the dirty work that nobody else will do . All this small list of spelling words ( the dictionary can be makes it quite clear that if immigration ceases , our used for the words met only infrequently) . I would educational system will at once have to assume new remember, even in the High School, that speedy, obligations . legible penmanship is a requirement of the business FREDERICK WILLIAM ROMAN in "The Industrial and Commercial Schools of the United States world and that getting a position may depend upon and Germany ." September, 1914. ability to meet this requirement . If our boys and girls only knew how much ATTI- " DELIVERED BEFORE HOWLAND CLUB" TUDE has to do with their success ! Attitude toward Originally an educator, with fifteen years' experi- others in positions of authority, attitude toward the ence in that field, education still continues a large public, attitude toward pleasure, attitude toward work, part of my work, although I have for the past twelve attitude toward self,-each might be the subject of an years been a banker. Education can never stop . We article. We, of the business world, judge our work- have to carry on with our 300 bank employees from ers , praise or condemn them, reward them, largely on the point where the schools stopped; they must keep the basis of their attitudes . We try not to confuse growing . Yes , I am still a school man. ATTITUDE with POSE , and as a rule it is easy to I maintain that many of us in later life forget most differentiate . that we learned as children. I claim that certain The product of our schools is a lot better than it things should, therefore, be so stressed that they can- used to be . I believe that if we will admit that ALL not be forgotten. This amount of knowledge is com- PUPILS CAN AND MUST DO SOME THINGS, while paratively small and is, for the most part, found in ONLY A FEW CAN DO AND UNDERSTAND ALL the curriculum below the seventh grade. These few THINGS and will make our course of study conform facts and processes , we need to have reviewed and to this principle, that we can improve even more the emphasized through all the remaining grades , high results of our teaching process. The business world school included. wants concrete results-it wants the college graduate The percentage marking system employed in the and the high school graduate to handle, from the start, schools gives the youngster false concepts with which work involving detail, as well at least, as does the to begin his business or professional career. The grammar school graduate. 90 % which in school he has been taught to consider FREDERIC S. POPE , excellent, is unacceptable in life. A 10 % mistake in Vice- President of the Chicago Trust Co. receiving a deposit, or cashing a check, or figuring -Chicago Principals' Club Reporter, December, 1925. interest on a note, whether the mistake be in favor of the customer or the bank, simply won't stand. Sidelights on Business ANYTHING LESS THAN PERFECTION IS FAIL- URE . In the arithmetic of life, there are only two percentages—100 and 0 . Out in Hawaii there is a man who understands the The average boy beginning work in a Chicago bank menace of education. His name is John Hind and, re- is not accurate enough in simple computations , nor tiring as president of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' does he have the requisite speed; strange to say, the Association, he discussed the labor problem, the tariff, two seem to go together. When he has completed a soil conditions, taxation, and education. People, he problem, he is prone to leave it without asking him- said, were getting too much education, and it was a self the question : mistake to let teachers instead of business men plan About how much should my answer be ? the courses of study. We quote from the text of his Is my answer reasonable ? address , as reprinted in the Honolulu Star-Bulletin : Through experience on the job, he has to learn Why blindly continue (he asks ) a ruinous sys- that he must be accurate, speedy and reasonable . tem that keeps a boy or girl in school at the tax- Some employees just naturally set down figures in a payers' expense long after they have mastered neat , orderly way ; others don't. Boys and girls seem more than sufficient learning for all ordinary to be born to do the thing one way or the other. I purposes , simply to enlighten them on subjects wonder whether all could be taught to do this simple of questionable value. .. task acceptably . The present elaborate and idealistic school From observation in the education world and the system will in the end, I fear, produce a business world and through my knowledge of human generation of impractical men and women who, nature , I arrive at the conclusion that our course believing manual labor is beneath them, .. of study, surely in the elementary school and possibly will bring about a condition of stunted or re- in the high school, ought to be clearly divided into tarded development under which it may be found two parts : -the mechanical memoriter side and the impossible to raise but a fraction of the amount theory side . The former should be drilled thoroughly of taxes which we are today called upon to into every child and should be the basis of promo- pay. tion; the latter should be offered to all children but The solution, as I see it, is that the taxpayer can be thoroughly and completely grasped by only be relieved of further responsibility after the Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 237 of Pension Board Raises Annuity to $800 for 25 Years ; $ 1000 for 35 Present as Well as Future Annuitants to be Beneficiaries The Pension Board at its February meeting three-quarter million dollars. If the Board raised the annuity to the maximum permitted should invest each year only the maturities by law. The new schedule will be effective and the interest the fund would reach five for the month of April, 1926, and present million by 1934, even if the new investment annuitants as well as future applicants will is at the rate of only 4 per cent. The fund be paid on the new schedule. This new now yields over 5 per cent on the face value schedule provides an $800 annuity for 25 of the bonds. Three million dollars at 5 per years of service with an additional $ 20 for cent yield $ 150,000 in interest each year. each year of service beyond 25 years up to a This amount makes a good balance wheel and maximum of $ 1,000 for 35 years of service . seems sufficient to take care of any ordinary The Annual Statement of the Pension fluctuation in expenditures. The Reserve Board shows that during the year ending Fund on December 31, 1925, was $ 3,794,775, tir August 31, 1925 , the Reserve Fund was in- and the cash on hand on the same date was th creased by over $800,000 ; that is, more than $ 228,616.59 , making a total of over four 60 per cent of the total income of the Fund million dollars. was placed in the Reserve Fund . The Pension Board granted 31 annuities The invested fund has passed three and and one disability annuity. SI DELIGHTS ON BUSINESS SUBSCRIPTION ( Continued from page 236 ) to pupil has mastered the sixth grade, or possibly the eighth grade in a modified form. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN To effect the necessary change, Mr. Hind feels, will require the co-operation of " some of our prac- Name.. ‫ا‬ tical conservative business men" where hitherto we have trusted to mere educators who "by their train- Address ing and devotion to learning have become unduly (Street and Number) idealistic and hence extravagant." Education must City be looked upon " in the light of a business matter. " Subscription price $2.00 per year. This is an excrescence of Coolidge-economy philos- MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite ophy which we may expect to see break out elsewhere 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Ν. than in the cane-fields of the mid-Pacific. Mr. Hind is concerned with two things-low taxes and cheap Dearborn St. , Chicago, Telephone Central 3904. labor, wherein he resembles many of the props of the republic on the mainland, and his logic is far better than his grammar. The present American system of MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN giving every child as much schooling as he will swallow is costly ; and it produces young men and women who do not care to work, either on sugar plantations or in MARGARET A. HALEY . Editor and Publisher steel mills, for twelve hours a day. Elsewhere in his address Mr. Hind praises the Hawaiian bureau of labor for its success in importing, during a recent MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten 1 strike, large numbers of Filipino laborers whose stand- months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. ard of living was still lower than that prevailing in THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies , 15 Cents. the gardens of Eden ( as the tourist literature de- scribes them) about Mauna Loa. LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Whatever its other faults, American education can- ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of not be accused of fostering a sporific contentment with plain living. The product of the American pub- MARGARET A. HALEY , Editor , Suite 1335 , American lic school wants a telephone, a Ford car, and a radio Bond and Mortgage Bldg . , 127 N. Dearborn St. , Chicago set, and he expects his education to enable him to earn Phone Central 3904 them. Mr. Hind will have to pay more than a dollar a day for sugar workers if he is to hire public-school graduates; and if our present immigration policy con- A Bargain tinues there will soon be none but public-school gradu- ates to hire . An ancient car chugged painfully up to Education-even pretty poor and formalistic educa- the gate of the races. 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His subject will be, "Race and Color- The Crucial Problem of Civilization." SEE EUROPE THRU MENTOR TOURS England, Holland, Belgium, The Rhine, Switzerland, Italian Valuable Lakes, Italy ( Including Naples ) the Riviera and France. $595 for 58 Days Other trips arranged for. After the epidemic had been checked an Address inquiries to old Negress protested vigorously when the MRS . B. FRANK BROWN 955 West Grand Avenue Chicago health officers started to take down the sign they had put up on her house. "Why don't you want us to take it down ?" WOULD YOU one of the officers asked . Like to see England and Scotland by motor ? " 'Ere ain't be'n a bill collectah neah dis If so, write for information . house sence dat sign was nailed up. You-all JULIA C. BRANNAN please let it alone. " Hayes Hotel Chicago, Ill. -People's Home Journal. Be Sure To Register March 23. February 27 , 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 239 It Is to Laugh ENRICI'S is famous no less H for the enduring and deep Good Physiology friendships it has won than Youngster ( aged 10 ) : " We have a dumb girl in school. The teacher in hygiene asked for the quality of the foods her where digestion took place and she said it serves and for the great in the Panama Canal . " volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- Father : " Well, where does it take place ? " Youngster : " Why, in the complementary day, before the matinee, it is the great canal . "-Exchange . central meeting place. And Codgers Teacher (junior geography class ) —“ What are the principal agricultural products of Cape Cod ? " Charles-“ Cod liver oil and codfish balls . " --Selected . Canine Literati HENRICI'S "Lay down, pup . Lay down. That's a WM. M. COLLINS , PRESIDENT good doggie . Lay down, I tell you . " "Mister, you'll have to say, 'Lie down.' 67 W. Randolph St. He's a Boston terrier. ” — Contributed . Between Dearborn and Clark Streets Their Poor Choice Little Pearl—“ Mamma , if I get married, 1 will I have a husband like papa ? " 1 Mother-“Yes, dear. " Pearl-" An' if I don't marry, must I be Bluebird Cottage BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at an old maid like Aunt Jane ? " Boulder, Colorado, is open this winter to any Chicago teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and Mother-" Yes, dear. " sunshine of Colorado . Pearl "Mamma, we women don't get Reservations may be made in Chicago at 1515 Capitol Building 1 many chances in this world, do we ? " Sounded That Way Anthony : “ Where's Cleopatra tonight ? " TEACHERS!!-SEE AMERICA FIRST Maid : " Oh, sir, she's at home with ton- THE CRESCENT INN , Ennis , Montana On direct route to Yellowstone National Park, 65 miles silitis ." from west entrance. Spend your vacation in the shadow of the Rockies . Most delightful sport in the world. Phone Anthony : "Another of those Greeks, I our representative at Hyde Park 5110 any day from 9 A. M. to 1 P. M. and you will get literature with all suppose ! " information-including references . Make your reserva- tion NOW . SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS No Chance Brother : "Run upstairs and get my The Personal Services of watch ." META MARIE SCHMIDT Pledge : “ Oh, wait awhile and it'll run Are Offered for the Removal of SUPERFLUOUS HAIR - down. " WARTS AND MOLES Brother : " No, it won't. Ours is a wind- Multiple or Single Needle ing staircase. " 741 State- Lake Bldg . 190 N. State St. Dearborn 3965 Established 17 years Figure It Out Tim: " I attended a wooden wedding to- PHONE STATE 7698 G. Finch , Prop . HOGAN SHOE REPAIR SHOP day." Shoe Repairing of the Better Class Eddie : " Who got married ? " Work Done While You Wait 26 W. Washington St., 5th Floor Tim: "Two Poles ." Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 240 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN February 27, 1926 EDUCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND TYPEWRITING BOOKKEEPING• Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoul- PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK der the responsibility of recommending a school We can prepare you during the Summer months to to your students. We sincerely believe that a instruct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping . visit to this school will convince you that you can Our correspondence course taken in the winter unhesitatingly send your students to us. You months will prepare you so well, that much better results will be obtained, with less physical strain, will find our courses intensive throughout, and when you come to us in the Summer. rapid in their preparation for positions. SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL -- Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 Harrison 1995 When referring students to us -kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. 2001 STRAUS BUILDING TELEPHONE HARRISON 0204 LAURA MAE HAYWARD Mandel Brothers Educational Adviser A PERSONAL SERVICE, PLACING GIRLS AND BOYS IN SCHOOLS AND CAMPS ADAPTED TO THEIR INDIVIDUAL REQUIREMENTS THIS SERVICE IS WITHOUT CHARGE Teachers and their pupils are in- vited to attend the lectures on MACLEAN COLLEGE ofMusic, Dramatic and Speech Arts important dressmaking subjects "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, StageCraft Expression,Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work given by Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Promotional Credits for Teachers. DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Willa Wilcox Krum Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO 2835 S. Michigan Ave. at 10:30 a. m. and 2:30 p. m. of the week beginning March 8th to Satur- day, March 13th, inclusive, which is Shoes That Intrigue the Eye designated as our Shoes That Intrigue the Eye Spring Fabric Week Few shoes but Arnold Glove- Grips have such refinement Mannequins will promenade the aisles of line, and no others can bring you their marvelous each day wearing garments made up comfort. Glove-Grips hug the arch from Ladies Home Journal Patterns . and support the foot. Truly, you can't know how com- fortable a shoe can be until Mrs. Krum will assist you, also, with your you try Glove Grips ! We dressmaking problems. The lectures are shall be delighted to show you our complete line. Come The gratis. in today. PASADENA $10 $11 $12 Secondfloor, State ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. Large Stock O. R. 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Take the honest effort and go ahead . " -Chicago Daily News March 3, 1926 31 00 Page 242 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 DS KOMISS & CO Another Announcing Our Concession Spring Opening For the A Presentation of Federation the Spring Mode Emphasizing Vogue 00 RRANGEMENTS have and Value been completed with one of Springtime, in terms of line and color, Chicago's leading whole- holds sway at Komiss'. The smart things of the moment in clothes advance salers , whereby members of notes of fashion which particular women are quick to see and appreciate The Chicago Teachers' Federation this Komiss provides. You are cordially invited to attend our Spring Opening. may receive the wholesale purchase privilege on a wide variety of mer- Spring Coats , $33 chandise in everyday use. Spring Suits , $29.75 Inasmuch as such items as Sil- verware, Household and Electrical Spring Frocks , $25 Equipment, Jewelry, Watches and Diamonds as well as Leather and A DISCOUNT OF 10 % ALLOWED TO SCHOOL TEACHERS Traveling Goods and all sorts of Sporting goods and equipment are sold by this firm, you can easily realize your saving on many items Shoes That Intrigue the Eye which you buy frequently. You may Few shoes but Arnold Glove- now buy them at dealer's prices . Grips have such refinement of line, and no others can bring you their marvelous comfort. Within a few days, Federation Glove-Grips hug the arch and members will be notified by letter support the foot. Truly, you can't know how comfortable a as to the necessary procedure to shoe can be until you try Glove Grips! We shall be delighted to show you our complete line. follow in making their purchases . Come in today. The A committee of teachers repre- $10 $11 $12 PASADENA senting the Federation has visited ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP this wholesale house, inspected its Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. stock and reported favorably on it. At the Federation meeting Febru- ary 13 , action was taken to accept Briefs, Records, Trust Deeds the proposition made by the firm to Confidential Reports give to Federation members this re- duced rate. BARNARD & MILLER Score another one for the Feder- Law & Commercial Printers ation! 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO Telephone FRAnklin 0562 CHICAGO TEACHERS' Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders FEDERATION Price Lists Be Sure To Register March 23. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN VOL . 3. No. 13 March 17 , 1926 Page 243 L City Council Resolution Asks Teachers to Co-operate Chicago Teachers' Federation May Aid in Equitable Taxation Efforts The Chicago Teachers' Federation is in- for the City of Chicago through equitable assess- cluded in a resolution asking certain civic ments of the property of Chicago, and organizations to co-operate with the City WHEREAS, the records of the City of Chi- Council in having under-assessed and un- cago show that building permits issued in this assessed property placed on the tax books, in city for the year 1921 to 1924, inclusive, were order that there may be more equitable as- $978,568,000, or an average of about $245,000,000 sessment of property for taxation in the City a year, while the increase of full assessed value of Chicago . of all real and personal property of Chicago as At the meeting of the City Council, March found by the Board of Assessors and the Board 3, 1926, Alderman Oscar F. Nelson (46th of Review for the year 1924 was only about ward) presented a resolution directing the $ 100,000,000 beyond the full assessed value of co-operation of the City Council with various 1921 , or an average yearly increase of $25,000,- organizations in the work of obtaining addi- 000 ; and 15 tional revenue for the City through the equi- WHEREAS, the schools and all departments table assessment of property. of the city government are suffering for lack of Alderman Nelson called for a reference of revenue, while the small taxpayers , home own- ✓✓ the resolution to the Committee on Schools , ers, renters and small business men are bearing Fire and Civil Service, and Alderman Ander- an unjust share of the burden of taxation through son called for its reference to the Committee the failure of the tax assessing boards to make on Finance. When the question was put to just, fair and equitable assessments, now there- the Council for decision, it was referred to fore, the Committee on Finance. BE IT RESOLVED, That the City Council On motion of Alderman Nelson the Com- ask the cooperation with the Finance Committee mittee on Finance was directed to invite the in this work of securing equitable assessments, members of the Committee on Schools, Fire of the Board of Education, the Library Board and Civil Service to attend the meetings at and other public officials who are administering which the resolution is to be considered . public funds that are inadequate for the public Following is the resolution : needs , and BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED , That the RESOLUTION Council also invite and request the civic organ- WHEREAS, the City Council, on February izations, the Chicago Teachers' Federation, the 3rd, 1926, appropriated and levied $46,000.00 to Firemen's Association, the Patrolmen's Club, be expended by the Finance Committee "for the Municipal Employes' Association and other services of valuators, appraisers, attorneys and organizations that are actively interested in the clerks for checking on assessed valuations, and work of securing fair, just, and equitable assess- presenting information thereto to the Board of ments of property in Chicago for taxation pur- Assessors and Board of Review," this appropria- poses, to cooperate with the Finance Committee ER tion being for the purpose of securing revenue of the City Council in this work. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. From theMasthead Who said— "Let George Do It” ? To the Teachers of Chicago: Among the "Funnies" that have reached my I also learned from the Auditor that the desk recently is a questionnaire from the Chi- Educational Fund of the Board of Education cago Tribune asking me what part of the will receive $ 1,568,000 more revenue from tax- World's Greatest Newspaper I read with the ation in 1926 than was estimated in the bud- greatest interest. Needless to say it is "be- get ; that this increase is due to the increased tween the lines ." assessment in 1925 amounting to $90,000,000 President Ellicott was the peg on which the over that of the previous year. This unprece- Tribune hung its Sunday school-story and the dented increase, except in quadrennial years, St. Patrick's Day editorial on that Sunday is admitted to be the result of the activities of school-story was inspired by the Tribune's the firemen, Board of Education and teachers fear that the Chicago teachers would become in stimulating the assessing bodies to activity demoralized. Both Tribune articles are printed in 1925. here on the next page. In the stenographic report of the meeting of The Tribune's "gaff" about demoralizing March 3, of the Schools Committee of the Chicago teachers listens like McNamara's Council, printed here, is the undated commu- statement to the Schools Committee of the nication which the principals received from City Council last week. Referring to the pro- the President of the Principals' Club, Mr. posed tax-rate increase, he said, "Ninety-eight George A. Beers, the day before that meeting. per cent of the teachers are for it, the vote It was read to the Committee by one of the they took showed that, and if the vote was Aldermen . taken today it would be 50 per cent more than In this communication, Mr. Beers asked the it was when it was taken a month ago." principals to get to their Parent-Teachers' Having heard President Ellicott tell the Association that day (March 2nd) , the infor- Council Committee on Schools on February mation contained in the printed Bulletin, the 18th that- "Principals' Club Service Bulletin No. 5" , sent The Board of Education will carry with his letter. One paragraph of this printed over into January, 1927, $2,300,000 of bulletin, also printed here, was read to the borrowing power in the educational fund; Committee. In this Mr. Beers informed the Having read in the Tribune's Sunday principals, and asked that this information be school-story that- passed along to parents, that if the proposi- The Board's borrowing power, however, tion to increase the tax-rate was not put on will be exhausted before January, 1927 ; the ballot until November, there would be no I called on the Auditor of the Board of Educa- increase in revenue available in the Educa- tion Monday morning, March 15th, to "check tional Fund until 1928. and prove" . The check up proved that Mr. Mr. Beers was present at the meeting of the Ellicott's statements agreed with the records Schools Committee of the Council on Febru- of the Auditor of the Board of Education . ary 18th when that same statement was made Be Sure To Register March 23. March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 245 in the Committee and he heard it challenged, formed newspaper reporter as he grabbed the ( and contrary information given. report of the City Comptroller of Chicago Freedom from necessity to check and and vehemently pointed out two obvious prove" seems to be not only the exclusive but errors totaling $16,000,000 in two items only the perpetual privilege of "the power of au- in that March 8th Beers' Bulletin ; and these thority of position" in the reorganized errors were not typographical errors either, Chicago school system. nor were they errors in any of the four Beers' Bulletin of March 2 was "checked" fundamental, mechanical, arithmetical proc- at the meeting of the Council Committee on esses . They were errors that showed utter Schools on March 3, and proved to be in error, ignorance, or utter disregard, of fundamental as the stenographic report of that meeting facts on the subject matter dealt with in that here printed shows, page 249. Bulletin of George Beers . Yet George Beers bobbed up serenely on There are many who do not have opportun- March 8th with another Bulletin to principals ity to make first hand investigations and have urging them to get the information therein a right to have authentic, official information contained to their Parent Teachers' Associa- of the facts and who do not know the gam- tions before the meeting of the City Council bler's chance they take when they "Let George on March 10 when the Council was to vote and do it. " did vote on the tax rate increase proposition. This March 8th Bulletin was in the hands of the Aldermen before that Council meeting on March 10th. " That is an altogether lousy document" was the comment of one keen, in- Morgan A. Haly N ELLICOTT FEARS BOARD MAY CUT will try to economize in every other way before we would consider such a move." TEACHERS' WAGE HARD TO AVOID PAY CUTS SAYS SCHOOLS MUST HAVE MORE REVENUE The difficulty in paring expenditures $3,500,000, without cutting salaries of board employes and teachers, Mr. Elli- cott pointed out, is due to the fact that salaries consti- Chicago's public school teachers may have their salary. tute 91.9 per cent of the money spent for educational cut 8 to 10 per cent, beginning Sept. 1, to avert a financial purposes . crisis, it was learned yesterday. In 1926, approximately $39,000,000 was appropriated by R While school officials would not say such a cut was the board from the educational fund. Of that amount being considered, it was admitted an insufficient educa- teachers ' salaries constituted 78.5 per cent; special teach- tional fund might make such a step necessary. ers' salaries, 2.4 per cent, and salaries for civil service Should the city fail to get added revenue by increas- employes, 11 per cent. Light and fuel amounted to 2.9 ( ing property valuations, the board will be in a serious per cent, leaving only 2.9 per cent of the fund available predicament, President Edward B. Ellicott said yester- for all other educational purposes . day. The board then would have to appeal to the city 3 The school board will join with the city and other council to place the proposal to increase the tax rate, for agencies in an effort to bring about increased property educational purposes, from $1.92 to $2.92 before the valuations . people at the November election. -Chicago Tribune, Sunday, March 14, 1926. MUST REDUCE EXPENSES TEACHERS ' PAY To be able to carry on the schools and pay salaries There is talk of a reduction in teachers' salaries begin- after Jan. 1 the board must reduce its expenditures for ning next Sept. 1 to enable the board of education to this year approximately $3,500,000 so a surplus will be balance its budget. Unless income is increased, expendi- available to meet next January's pay rolls. Ordinarily tures from the educational fund, according to President funds have been obtained at that time by borrowing on Ellicott of the board, will have to be reduced $3,500,000 tax anticipation warrants. The board's borrowing power, this year to enable the schools to carry on after Jan. 1, however, will be exhausted before January, 1927. 1927. More than 80 per cent of the educational funds "There are only three things to do," Mr. Ellicott said, goes to the teachers. The easiest way to save money, "reduce teachers' salaries, curtail school activities or therefore, is to reduce the teachers' pay. shorten the school year." We cannot believe that the proposal to reduce salaries School officials are of the opinion that not much of a is being entertained seriously. It would demoralize the dent can be made in expenditures by reducing activities, teaching force. Chicago wants good teachers in its pub- while shortening the school year would reduce the earn- lic schools and it cannot get them by paying them even ing power of the teachers. less than they are now getting. The salaries of teachers "Would you consider reducing teachers' salaries ?" Mr. should be the last, not the first item to be considered in Ellicott was asked. the attempt to balance the budget. "What else is there to do ?" he replied. "Of course we -Editorial, Chicago Tribune, Wednesday, March 17, 1926. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 246 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 Federation Asks Investigation of Misleading Information Sends Letter to Mayor Requesting Open Hearings on Subject At the meeting of the Chicago Teachers' meeting last Saturday, March 13, voted unan- Federation Saturday, March 13, the Federa- imously to co-operate with the City Council tion voted unanimously to co-operate with the and its Finance Committee, as requested, and City Council and its Finance Committee in instructed its officers so to notify the Mayor their work of obtaining needed revenue and the City Council. The Federation also through equitable assessments and voted so authorized its officers to take such action in to notify the Mayor. regard to the misleading statements herein Following is the letter sent to Mayor Dever referred to as these officers deemed necessary as a result of action taken at Saturday's meet- in order to get before the public official authen- ing : tic imformation in regard to the matters con- cerning which these misleading statements March 17, 1926. have been made . Hon. William E. Dever, Acting on this authority, the officers of the Mayor City Hall, Chicago. Federation, because of the mis -information Dear Mayor Dever : that is being disseminated, respectfully re- Statements not in accordance with the facts , quest the Mayor to refer the statements, here- as shown by official records, are being circu- with submitted, to the Finance Committee of lated in regard to the financial resources and the Council for immediate investigation and obligations of the Educational Fund of the finding on the facts. The public should be Board of Education. officially and reliably informed whether these These misleading statements have been given statements threatening the curtailment of to the public generally through the press and school activities, closing of schools, or cutting through printed material sent to the principals of teachers' salaries are warranted by the of the Chicago schools to be presented to the facts, and whether the Council's program of parents and teachers of the school children. equitable assessments of property threatens the schools and the tax-payers as charged in Appearing to have official sanction, these these statements . statements give the impression that school activities must be curtailed, schools closed, or The Federation further respectfully re- teachers' salaries cut, because the City Council quests that the Mayor ask that the meetings of persists in its declared policy of obtaining the Finance Committee to consider these state- needed revenue for the city and schools by de- ments be open to the public and that full op- manding fair and equitable assessments of portunity be given at these meetings for the property now entirely omitted, or grossly Federation to present, through its authorized under-assessed. representatives, the Federation's information from official sources which establishes our Inasmuch as the City Council, on January 16, appropriated $ 46,000 to be used by the charge that the statements now being circu- Finance Committee in pushing this program, lated, copies of which are submitted herewith, are not in accordance with the official records . and, on March 3, referred to the Finance Com- mittee a resolution requesting official and civic An early reply will be greatly appreciated. bodies, including the Board of Education and Respectfully submitted, the Chicago Teachers' Federation, to co-oper- CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION. ate with the Finance Committee of the Council in this work, the effect of these statements on (Signed) Mary M. Abbe, the whole program is very pernicious at this President. time . ( Signed) Frances E. Harden, The Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its Cor. Secretary. Be Sure To Register March 23. 20 March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 247 of City Council Places on File Request for Increased Tax Rate Does Not Grant Board Petition to Place Question on April Ballot At its meeting Wednesday, March 10, the tion ; Mr. Nelson B. Henry, secretary Finance City Council took action on the report of its Committee, Board of Education ; Mr. John L. Committee on Schools, Fire and Civil Service McNamara, Chairman Legislative Committee, and placed on file, by unanimous vote, the re- Public School Engineers, and Miss Margaret り quest of the Board of Education to put on the A. Haley, Business Representative, Chicago ballot at the April primary the proposition to Teachers' Federation . increase the tax rate for the educational fund The Secretary : A quorum present. from $ 1.92 to $2.92 for each $ 100 assessed val- Alderman Cronson : Mr. Chairman, before uation. It will not be on April ballot. we start, there is just one thing I would like The Council Committee on Schools held sev- to get straight in my mind. It seems to me eral meetings preceding the action taken by that at the last meeting of the Committee, the the City Council. The President and members statement was made by the President of the of the Board of Education, the Business Rep- Board of Education and by the Secretary of resentative of the Chicago Teachers' Feder- the Finance Committee that the schools had ation, Mr. George A. Beers, president of the enough money to run this year on. Wasn't Principals' Club, Mr. John L. McNamara, the that statement made here ? Fchairman of the Legislative Committee of the The Chairman : Yes. School Engineers' Union, and others, had ap- Alderman Cronson : I want to know why peared at these meetings and were heard. the principals of this city, and especially the The report of the Committee, that the City principals of the school in my Ward, are call- Council do not concur in the request of the ing the parents of pupils that are going to Board of Education, was adopted by the Com- schools in my ward and telling them that if mittee at its meeting March 3 by a vote of 7 they do not see their Alderman to have this to 2, after two hours of discussion, the chair- thing put on the ballot today, penny lunches, man not voting and Aldermen Arvey and Bou- kindergartens and other activities will be cur- tell voting "no." This report was presented tailed, starting the 15th of this month. I to the City Council that afternoon and the would like to find out from somebody who is Council deferred action on the report until responsible for the propaganda that is going its next meeting, March 10. out of that kind. If this thing is right, they Following are excerpts from the steno- don't have to start out with that kind of prop- graphic report of the Council Committee meet- aganda and send that kind of propaganda ing of March 3, indicating the position taken around town. by aldermen, members of the Committee, and Alderman Bowler : Mr. Chairman. by Mr. McNamara : The Chairman : Alderman Bowler. Stenographic report of meeting of COM- Alderman Bowler : Another thing I would MITTEE ON SCHOOLS, FIRE AND CIVIL like to find out, whether it is the Parent Teach- SERVICE OF THE CITY COUNCIL of the ers' Association, or who it is that is pulling City of Chicago, held on Wednesday, March 3, this stuff around Chicago. In my Ward on 1926, at 10:30 o'clock a. m. last Friday night there was a meeting called The meeting was called to order by Alder- at a school ; handbills were sent out through- man Brieske (at 11:10 a. m. ) , who presided. out the district saying that Mayor Dever and Roll call by the Secretary, Mr. Harragh, the Aldermen were going to be at this school showed the following members of the Com- to talk on this question. Neither Mayor Dever mittee present : Aldermen Brieske, Cronson, nor myself knew anything about it. Fick, Arvey, Clark, Mills, Bowler, Nelson, I was called up the night before last by the Hoellen, Boutell . principal of the school, who said they were go- There were also present : Mrs. Hefferan, ing to have a meeting on Friday night and member Board of Education ; Mr. English, would I be there. I said I could not be there. member Board of Education ; Mrs. Gregg, “ Well, would you mind us putting your name member Board of Education ; Mr. John E. on the handbills ?" Who is paying for the Byrnes, business manager, Board of Educa- handbills and what right have they got to send Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 250 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 and have a meeting, to call these people in and building fund as well as the educational fund, find out what the influence is that they have, in and will also help the corporate fund of the line with the statement made by Alderman city of Chicago, and every man around the Bowler . table knows that the employees of the city are Alderman Cronson : The reason I am mak- much worse paid than the teachers and we ing this motion is that people in my Ward have must get additional revenue and we must get been told, as I said, that if this does not go into it in the proper way. * * * * * * * effect immediately, the penny lunches and kin- dergartens and a lot of other activities are Alderman Nelson: I move you, Mr. Chair- going to be curtailed. They also made the man, that this Committee on Schools, Fire and statement that if it does not go on the ballot Civil Service recommend to the Council at this they have to wait another year. They are get- afternoon's meeting non-concurrence in the ting that from somebody. It certainly is not request of the Board of Education for submis- the fact. That statement is contradicted by sion of this tax rate increase for the Educa- what the President of the Board said at the tional Fund . * * * * * * * * last meeting, that they have had enough money to run this year. As Alderman Nelson pointed The Chairman : There is a gentleman who out, if we voted for the tax levy for them early wants to be heard and it is up to the Commit- in January, they could certainly get enough tee. Mr. McNamara. * * * * * * * * money to run the year on . The Secretary of the Finance Committee of the Board of Educa- Mr. John L. McNamara : Mr. Chairman tion, who seems to be the man they all relied and Gentlemen of the Committee : Ijust want upon for their facts and figures , has made the to say it is apparent here that you propose to same statement. I think it is an unfair thing. put this motion through without giving the I think it is the wrong thing to send out to the delegation of the representatives of the people of Chicago, to the parents of Chicago, schools, the Board members, a chance to say a to the Principals' organization, to alarm them word. over a situation that is contradicted by the The Chairman : No, just a moment. Don't officers of the Board of Education . * * * * get that in the record. The Board members * * * * have been given a hearing. Alderman Mills : I do think some inquiry Alderman Arvey : Mr. Chairman, you have ought to be made. The newspapers have given given the gentleman a right to speak and he editorial praise to the present Superintendent ought to be able to speak without interruption. because he was attempting to take the schools Alderman Cronson : Just a minute, Mr. out of politics. I have been quite familiar with Administration, just a minute. We have been the school system of Chicago for the past at these meetings. Every member of the Board twenty years . I was a member of the Board has had an opportunity to be heard. beginning July, 1906. This is the rankest pol- Alderman Arvey : I do not care anything itics that I ever heard of. I am perfectly about that. You just voted to give him a amazed at what has been stated here this right to speak. Let him speak. You should morning. I am frank to say that while I have have denied him the privilege if you did not had a few calls, they have been nothing of want him to have it. the kind stated by Alderman Cronson, Alder- Alderman Cronson : Yes, but we have a man Bowler and others, in my Ward that I right to correct a statement that was made. * * * * * * * * know of. I stated very frankly, as Alderman Nelson Mr. McNamara : I do not have to be told said, that I do not think a referendum at this what has happened. It is apparent here what time would have a ghost of a chance to carry, is going on. I just want to say, Mr. Chairman and as I stated in the Committee, I did not and Gentlemen of the Committee, that there think that it was fair to put such a question on are people here who are members of the Board a ballot at a primary election . of Education, that I feel, out of courtesy to One other thing I would like to say in that them, they should be given a chance to say a connection , and that is that the Board of Edu- word before this motion is put cation needs a good deal of money in the build- Alderman Nelson: Mr. Chairman, if this ing fund as well as in the educational fund , man wants to be heard on this, I suggest that and getting the additional needed revenue by he present his argument. He comes here as a an increase of the assessments will help the spokesman evidently, but I do not know who Be Sure To Register March 23. March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 251 has appointed him for the Board of Education . Mr. McNamara : Now I know I am stand- He is not familiar with the fact that the mem- ing fairly and squarely on the fact when I say bers of the Board have had a hearing. He that the person who comes in here and says to says he is, but he is not. The records show you she represents the teachers, does not rep- that every member of the Board of Education resent the teachers in this case. was invited to be here and the majority of Alderman Clark: Mr. Chairman, I am go- them were at the hearing last meeting. If he ing to object to the gentleman's statement. has an argument to present, I suggest that he He is representing the engineers and not the confine himself to presenting that argument. teachers . Alderman Mills : Courteously . Mr. McNamara : I am in contact with the Alderman Hoellen: I might add to that, the teachers . members of the Board who are present here Alderman Clark : If he wants to confine his today were heard at the last meeting . I rec- remarks to the organization he says he repre- ognize all of them here. sents , it is all right for him to talk, but if he * * * * * * * * does not, I am going to make a motion that he Mr. McNamara : Was Mr. English heard ? cease . Alderman Hoellen: Yes, they were all Alderman Clark : He is taking in too many heard, Mrs. Hefferan and Mrs. Gregg, too. * * organizations for me to listen to it. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Chairman : Your full name, please . Mr. McNamara : All right. Mr. McNamara : My name is John L. Mc- Alderman Hoellen : You made a statement Namara. there that this Committee has had but two The Chairman : Your address ? meetings . Mr. McNamara : My address is 8443 South Mr. McNamara : I said that as I under- Elizabeth . stood it, yes, Alderman . The Chairman: Whom do you represent ? Alderman Hoellen : As you understood it ? Mr. McNamara : I am the Chairman of the At both meetings there was not a quorum Legislative Committee of the Public School present. Now for your own information , Engineers' organization, and I am here, Mr. there was but one meeting held, at which time Chairman and Gentlemen of the Committee, to there was no quorum. Other meetings were speak for three hundred and eighty organized held, there was a quorum and there was a full men, one hundred per cent organized , who are meeting and a full attendance, so that the employed in the Board of Education. members of this Committee have given this Alderman Nelson : Were you instructed by due consideration. that organization to appear here ? You also made the statement that you want Mr. McNamara : I most certainly was . the members of this Committee to know where Alderman Arvey : Mr. Chairman, that is the responsibility lies on this vote. Now, in not a fair question. putting this on the ballot in April, every one Mr. McNamara: Now the thing is to put it of the members of this Committee feels and on the ballot on the 12th of April. The ques- realizes that a certain amount of responsibil- tion arises, why in a hurry ? I am told that if ity rests on their shoulders as Aldermen rep- it does not go on, on the 12th of April, if it is resenting the city of Chicago, and I have held over until November, that it means a year listened to the members of the Board of from that time before it comes in force and Education ; I have listened to the several mem- effect. That being true, there isn't any dodg- bers of the Principals' organization at one of ing the issue. There won't be finances to run our meetings ; I , as one member of this Com- the schools . That is all there is to it. mittee, feel that the action taken by the * * * * * * * * Finance Committee in appropriating $46,000 Mr. McNamara : And I will say to you now, to make an investigation on the taxation is the ninety-eight per cent of the teachers are for right thing to do, is to get the money that way, this thing. and I think it is the duty of this Committee Miss Haley : They are not. to find ways and means of raising the funds Mr. McNamara: Absolutely, they are for without increasing the tax rate itself. it, and I say to you the vote they took showed The attorneys for the Board of Education that, and if the vote was taken today, it would themselves, through an investigation, find that be fifty per cent more than it was when it was on the assessed valuations, the small property held a month ago . ( Continued on page 254) Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13, Page 252 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 Superintendent Proposes to Change System of Marking Teachers Asks "Hand- Picked Conference ” for “ Recommendations ” The Superintendent has submitted for dis- addressed in the February call, in the order in cussion to his so-called “ Chicago Public School which they appear are as follows : Teachers' Council" (his "hand-picked confer- 1. High School Principals' Asso- ence," as Mr. Mullenbach called it,) a proposal ciation. ( Mr. Evans.) to change the system of marking teachers and 2. Assistants to Principals . ( Miss principals again. The reason the Superintend- Benson.) ent gives for this his third change in thirteen 3. Chicago Public School Kinder- months, is in order that "the Superintendent garten Association. ( Mrs. Blod- may be informed which teachers are above the gett.) general average and therefore worthy to be 4. Truant Officers' Federation . considered for promotion." The Superintend- (Mr. Burke.) ent's call is dated February 24, 1926, and is 5. Chicago High School Teachers' addressed to twelve persons who are asked to Club. ( Mr. Cantwell.) come prepared to make recommendations. No 6. Physical Educators' Club. (Mr. time is named in the call when they are to Strass. ) come. 7. Special Teachers' Club. (Mrs. There were thirteen persons named in the Hilsabeck. ) Superintendent's call of June 6, 1926, for the 8. Assistant Superintendents. (Mr. first meeting of his so-called " Chicago Public Hogge. ) School Teachers' Council," which was held on 9. Elementary Manual Training June 15, 1925. The name of Mr. George A. Teachers' Club . ( Mr. Lahann .) Beers, President of the Principals' Club, the 10. District Superintendents. (Mr. thirteenth in that original call, is omitted from Lowry. ) this February 24th call. Mr. Beers was made 11 . Teachers' League. ( Miss Mull.) a high school principal in February, 1926. 12 . Household Arts Club . (Miss Mr. Albert Evans' name appears on this call O'Sullivan.) of February 24 in place of Mr. James E. Arm- Following is the Superintendents' call : strong ( now in Emeritus service) , whose name BOARD OF EDUCATION appeared on the call for the first meeting as City of Chicago the representative of the High School Princi- February 24, 1926. pals' Club . These are the only changes from Subject : GRADES OF RATING THE TEACHERS AND the call for the first meeting . PRINCIPALS The representative of the Elementary Mr. Albert W. Evans, Teachers' Manual Training Club, Mr. Lahann, Tilden Technical High School . continues to appear on the Superintendent's Miss Lucy A. Benson, call, though the officers of the Club have in- 260 W. 66th Street. formed us that the Superintendent has been Mrs. Mary M. Blodgett, notified that the Club has withdrawn its rep- 128 North Hamlin. resentation in his Council . Mr. Wm. D. Burke, The Superintendent's first call notifying of 460 South State St. the June, 1925, meeting, gave the names of the Mr. T. Olin Cantwell, persons and the name of the organization or 1601 Wilson Avenue . group each represented. This call was printed Mr. Max Strass , in the Bulletin of September 30, 1925, page 34. Lane Technical High School . As this last notice of February 24th does not Mrs. Emily L. Hilsabeck, show what organization or group the persons 1418 E. Marquette Road. addressed represent, a check up has been made Mr. Morgan G. Hogge, with the first call and the names of the groups Assistant Superintendent. represented respectively by the twelve persons (Continued on next page) Be Sure To Register March 23. March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 253 ■ Emeritus Service Rule Amended By Board Twenty Years Changed to Ten in New Action Three changes in the Emeritus Service rule superintendents, superintendents (other than the Super- are contained in an amendment to it recom- intendent of Schools), and examiners, except as herein- after provided shall be assigned when they have respec- mended by the Joint Committee on Rules and tively reached the age of 70 years. Provided, however, School Administration and adopted by the such assignment shall be made only in cases where said Board of Education. persons have been in service in the public schools of the By the rule as originally passed by the City of Chicago for at least TEN YEARS prior to such Board of Education on December 9, 1925, those Assignment. Hereafter no member of the teaching force shall be continued in classroom or supervising duties who persons transferred to Emeritus Service must shall be more than 70 years of age." have had 20 years' consecutive service. By the "Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Superintendent terms of the amendment "20 years' consecu- of Schools on the first day of January and the first day tive service" has been changed to "ten years." of July in each year or as soon thereafter as possible, to The word "consecutive" is left out and "shall" report to the Board of Education in writing the names of has been changed to "should." all persons of the teaching force who have or will have attained the age of 70 years on the first day of February Following is the rule as amended and or August next ensuing, and he shall recommend (unless adopted by the Board of Education Wednes- he is of the opinion that charges SHOULD be preferred day, March 10 : against such persons in accordance with the Statute and 14041- EMERITUS SERVICE -AMEND RULE Rules in such cases made and provided), that such per- sons WHO HAVE BEEN IN SERVICE IN THE PUB- 5 Amend and Adopt LIC SCHOOLS OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO FOR AT TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION LEAST TEN YEARS shall be TRANSFERRED from OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO : regular classroom or supervisory service and shall be THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RULES AND assigned to the class of service known as Emeritus Serv- SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION REPORTS : ice and be subject to the call of the Superintendent of that it has carefully considered report No. 13892 in refer- Schools or the Board of Education for consultation, ad- ence to Emeritus Service-amend rule and recommends vice, and such other service as may from time to time that the report be amended by substituting the following : be required." "Section 1. There is hereby created a branch of the THE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDS that the amend- educational service of the Board of Education which shall be known as Emeritus Service, to which all mem- ment presented herewith be adopted. bers of the teaching force, including teachers, principals , CHAIRMAN, JOINT COMMITTEE ON supervisors, directors, district superintendents, assistant RULES AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION . Mr. Paul H. Lahann, teacher is satisfactory in the position which she is oc- 4654 N. Springfield. cupying, whether she is unsatisfactory or whether she is above the average and therefore worthy of promotion Mr. Charles D. Lowry, 1621 Wabansia Avenue. in the system. The state law provides that 'promotion of teachers , Miss Cora E. Mull, principals, and other educational employes shall be made 4151 Berkeley Avenue. for merit only. In order to carry out this provision of Miss Teresa O'Sullivan , the law, it is necessary for the superintendent to be in- 2500 Ε . 74th St. formed which teachers are above the general average and therefore, worthy to be considered for promotion. Ladies and Gentlemen : The mark of 'Superior' indicates this and the additional Another matter has come up since I sent you a list mark of 'Excellent' can indicate no more. Furthermore, of subjects for discussion at your next meeting. It is the two marks of 'Excellent' and 'Superior' tend to the following proposition: create dissension and rivalry between teachers in the system . "TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION- CHICAGO . The law further provides that the service of teachers RECOMMENDED that beginning with June, 1926, the must be satisfactory. Any efficiency rating lower than efficiency ratings of teachers in the Chicago Public a grade of 'Satisfactory' plainly shows that the teacher Schools be 'Superior, Satisfactory, and Unsatisfactory,' does not meet the requirements set up by the law of instead of 'Superior, Excellent, Satisfactory, Unsatisfac- Illinois. The grade of ' Unsatisfactory' shows this and tory, and Inefficient.' the additional grade of 'Inefficient' is both confusing and misleading." REASONS : The efficiency ratings filed in the office of the Superintendent of Schools are for administrative pur- Please talk this over with those whom you represent pose only. The information which the Superintendent and come prepared to make recommendations. desires to secure from these ratings is whether the Signed. Wm. McAndrew. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 254 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 CITY COUNCIL FILES With (Continued from page 251) EASTER owner is paying anywhere from thirty-five to seventy- five per cent of the true valuation ; Just around the corner where the large property owner is paying but twenty per cent. Now, that is through the DU BROCK members of the Board of Education them- offers a most unusual display selves ; that is their finding, so that I believe of the proper thing to do is to hold this over until November, in view of the fact that Spring Attire * * * * Made in our own shops accord- ing to the latest dictates of Alderman Hoellen : Mr. McNamara just a fashion authorities of Paris, Lon- don and New York. Materials minute, let me get this to you : The Finance that are now in vogue and colors Committee of the City of Chicago has appro- that are most in demand. priated $46,000 to investigate taxation— Good values are assured Alderman Cronson : Increased revenue. by our"Maker-To-Wearer" Policy Aldeman Hoellen : Yes, increased revenue. Our garments are made to your They want to find ways and means of raising order from models on display. the revenue for the City of Chicago as well You may even actually SEE the dresses in the making. This , of as the Board of Education. Every member course, eliminates the middle- of the City Council is heart and soul with the man's profit. Teachers may buy here at the same prices the re- Board of Education in their work in improv- tail stores pay the manufacturers. ing the school facilities for the City of Chi- Many teachers are now patrons. We invite more . cago . We are with them ; but we do not want Kasha Cloth , $ 49.75 HUGO DU BROCK & CO . to take the wrong step in raising this money. Other Ensembles, $39.75 to $59.75 Established 1901 We want to find the right, businesslike method Dresses, $16.75 to $39.75 23 E. Jackson Blvd. 4th Floor in getting the money. We realize we must have more revenue and we want to get it in a businesslike way in raising the revenue. That is why this $46,000 has been appropriated, to Announces the following BERTHA OTT CONCERTS and RECITALS find ways and means of bringing the large under her management property owner to pay his just share of taxa- Mischa Elman, violinist, recital, Orchestra Hall, Sunday tion, and the Board of Education will get part afternoon, March 21st, at 3:30. Seats, $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, $2.75, tax included, at box office now. of it. Mischa Levitzki, pianist, recital, Studebaker Theater, Sun- * * * * day afternoon, March 21st, at 3:30. Seats, $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, tax included, at box office now. Howard Goding, pianist, recital, Princess Theater, Sunday Alderman Cronson : You made the state- afternoon , March 21st, at 3:30. Seats, $1.10, $1.65, tax in- cluded, at box office now. ment the schools cannot function, they are Richard Crooks, tenor, recital, Studebaker Theater, Sunday afternoon , March 28th, at 3:30. Seats, $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, tax going to close some schools. What is the au- included. Mail orders now. William Bachaus, pianist, recital, Princess Theater, Sunday thority for that statement ? afternoon , March 28th, at 3:30. Seats , $1.10, $1.65, $2.20, tax included. Mail orders now. Mr. McNamara: I simply took that from RETURN ENGAGEMENT-Amelia Galli Curci, prima donna the statement made by Colonel Ellicott. soprano, recital, Orchestra Hall, Tuesday evening, March 30th, at 8:15. Seats, $1.10, $2.20, $2.75, $3.30, tax included. Alderman Cronson : Where was that state- Mail orders now. Myra Hess, pianiste, recital, benefit Scholarship Fund, Gamma ment made ? Chapter, Sigma Alpha Iota Sorority, Studebaker Theater, Sunday afternoon, April 4th, at 3:30. Seats $2.00, $1.50 and $1.00. No tax. Mail orders now . Mr. McNamara : I have it in print, I think. Rudolph Reuter, pianist, and Jacques Gordon, violinist, joint * * * * recital, Princess Theater, Sunday afternoon, April 4, at 3:30. Tickets can be secured by addressing Alderman Cronson : Just a minute. Colonel BERTHA OTT, 1522 Blum Bldg., 624 So. Michigan Ave. Ellicott was present at the last meeting we had, in which he said there was enough money to run the schools and they would not have to The Most Satisfactory curtail anything. PERMANENT WAVE Mr. McNamara: For this year ? Guaranteed to Please Alderman Cronson : For this year, yes, and if the City Council met in January and passed PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. (Continued on page 256) Be Sure To Register March 23. Marc , 17 1926 MARGARET BULLETIN HALEY'S Page 255 AN EXPLANATION In the January issue of the Bulletin, in the article reporting the election by the Board of ENRICI'S is famous no less Education on January 27, of 41 new elemen- H for the enduring and deep 2 tary principals, the name of Miss Vangie Mor- friendships it has won than risey erroneously appears as one of the prin- for the quality of the foods 1 cipals referred to by a Board member on the it serves and for the great floor of the Board, when he said that 30 of the volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- 41 principals named had not had a day's expe- rience as a teacher in the elementary schools . day, before the matinee, it is the great In this article Miss Morrisey's name appears central meeting place . in a separate paragraph in which her long experience as teacher in the Chicago Parental school is noted and the statement is made that Miss Morrisey had no experience in the Chi- cago elementary schools. This statement is an 1 injustice to Miss Morrisey and we regret sin- cerely that it appeared. It was an oversight for which we apologize to Miss Morrisey . Miss Morrisey made no complaint herself HENRICI'S WM . M. COLLINS , PRESIDENT but one of her many friends called our atten- tion to this injustice and the management of 67 W. Randolph St. the Bulletin hopes that Miss Morrisey and her Between Dearborn and Clark Streets friends accept our apology . ( Signed) MARGARET A. HALEY . Alterations Special 10% Don't forget - no charge for alterations at Harveys . HARVEY&CO 135-137 S. STATE ST. Discount to Teachers Only You'll Appreciete the HARVEY Display of DRESSES and COATS Season after season, the Harvey display emphasizes the Harvey leadership in variety, style and value ! This Easter season, as never before, we present an array of garments destined to meet the approval of the most fastidious shoppers . Dainty, indeed, are the Conforming to Newest Modes DRESSES - $18.75 up - COATS - - $29.50 up - Paris - inspired, daintily cut and Splendidly tailored of velvety- soft trimmed, of the most desired materials materials, in all of the prevailing in the newest shades of Spring. Priced Spring shades and tints . Nowhere but to prove that HARVEY values are at HARVEY'S are such values dis- greatest . played. All Merchandise Marked in Plain Figures 10% DISCOUNT TO TEACHERS ONLY Page 256 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 CITY COUNCIL FİLES If Your Feet Hurt (Continued from page 254) -"See Me” the tax levy, they could get along the early Here, our one aim is to give you foot comfort. part of next year if they did not get an in- Our shoes, as well as crease in revenue. If they got an increase in our service , are designed revenue, it would not curtail any of the differ- toward that end. Our The sole of the business thrives on the ent activities of the schools. What I am trying foot finds its satisfaction we give to find out, is your information any different correctly bal- comfort lovers . anced mould in the SOCKET- from our information ? You say it is going to D. C. LOCKE'S FIT SHOE . seriously interfere with the functioning of the In the schools . The President of the Board of Edu- Lobby SOCKET FIT , Formerly the cation, the Secretary of the Finance commit- ofthe College Shops SHOE STORE Boot tee, say it is not going to interfere with the Bldg . 17 North Wabash Ave. Chicago, III. Shop functioning of the schools. Who is right on it ? Mr. McNamara : I assume the Board of Ed- ucation knows what they are talking about, How would you like and when Colonel Ellicott made the statement, Your Felt or Straw Hats it would curtail some of the activities of the schools- Reblocked Alderman Cronson : When did he make into up - to - date styles ? Bobbed hair or con- that statement ? servative styles. Small or extremely large headsizes . We have them . We are manu- Alderman Nelson: Did you read that state- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- ment ? ing Department has access to the best shapes . Mr. McNamara: Yes, I read it. A trial will convince you of our efficient service. Alderman Nelson: Where did you read it ? Mr. McNamara : In the press . Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. 12 North Michigan Ave. Alderman Nelson : In the press ? 8th floor Ward Bldg . Mr. McNamara : Yes . Alderman Nelson : I have not read that ve statement in the press and the official record Sa BY MAKING YOUR is here ; he never made that statement ; he said "unless we get relief next year" - OWN CLOTHES Mr. McNamara: That is what I am saying. WE MAKE IT EASY Alderman Cronson : What are you talking Upon Cutting and Fitting depends the ultimate success in the making of the garment and that intricate task, we about ? Next year or this year ? perform for you--then pin and baste it. Your own ideas are followed-or you may select from our style books . All you do is the actual sewing !! Then, too, we have a SPRING OPENING Partial and Complete Finishing Service -doing part of the sewing-or the complete making of the garment. Appointments for fitting may be made by Kittner Fashion Shop telephone. Now presenting a variety of compelling styles for Spring, in THE GOODRICH SHOP COATS , SUITS and DRESSES 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 in all leading fashions . Dearborn 3467 914-916 Venetian Bldg . , 15 E. Washington St. 5,000 Satisfied Users in Chicago MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN HEADACHES AND THAT TIRED FEELING are the natural result of CONGESTED BLOOD MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher -as are many other ailments. If YOUR school day wears on you if you are tired, or nervous, or have sore and stiff muscles , or if you cannot sleep well-permit us to demon- MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten strate the months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. ELECTREAT You use it yourself and it relieves in from two to twenty THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies , minutes . NOT A MEDICINE. 15 Cents. LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Teachers who mail this advertisement will be given ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to a free demonstration at home-no obligation the order of ELECTREAT CO. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American 39 W. Adams St. Wab . 0598 Bond and Mortgage Bldg ., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 Be Sure To Register March 23. March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 257 Σωλησίες δωςnot Expensive A Discount of THE RIME OF ANY OLD TEACHER 1 With (no) apoligies to Sammie Coleridge, MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor for this is lots better than his'n. Between Madison and Washington -1- : Spring Apparel It is a worried teacher, During the Fall and Winter months it was our pleasure And she faceth fifty-three, to sell scores of Chicago Teachers their complete out- By thy adding and thy proving true, fits, including many fine fur coats. Cinch a hundred mark, saith she. We have no doubt that these same patrons will come to -2- us for their Spring Apparel -for they have come to The fifty-three sat horrified, know that MURRAY- BLACK offers the utmost For they were very dumb, in style and quality, at purse- appealing prices. And The sun is set, but the proof is yet we invite new patrons among the teachers to take advan- A thing that fails to come. tage of our 10% discount offer. -3- E Dresses, $20 up "What plagues you, pesky teacher ?" For work - a-day, dinner and evening, in the newest styles Think the kids, all of one mind, and colors, of materials most in demand this season . "Why don't you teach the Charleston , A wide selection, gathered from the Nation's foremost : And not this tiresome grind?" manufacturers. -4- Suits & Coats, $25 up Two and three piece, in a She quells them with her wild black eye, wide variety of color, pat- tern, style and cloth. Every She quells the fifty-three, one at a most moderate price-and then an additional They add and prove and prove and add, 10% off to teachers! And wish that they were free. MURRAY-BLACK CO. Sizes for Misses, -5- Womenand 21 N. Wabash Ave. Stouts Figures, figures everywhere, Between Madison and Washington And all the brains did shrink, Figures, figures everywhere, And never a child could think. MARINELLO -6- Approved Beauty Shop The very room did reek with them, Everything in Beauty Culture Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting O Heck ! that this should be, by Licensed Man Operator Suite 602 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State And still the glum old teacher glared Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 At the hapless fifty-three. -7- They added up, they added down, Superfluous Hair Then half way up went they, Can positively be forever destroyed They counted on their finger tips, Ihavebeen in businessfor many years-and I guarantee my work Until at last they say: Martha B. Dowdy -8- Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash No Apprentices Not a Beauty School "See! See (they cry) with work we're done, This darn stuff makes us sore, We've got the sum, but the proof is bum, Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. So now we'll add no more." on hand Remodeling and Repairing -6- New Coats Made to Order 501 Capitol Building The kids were here, the kids were there, State and Randolph Central 6049 The kids were all around, Established 1897 The teacher, though, was not all there For she fell in a swound. -Contributed by a Teacher. JUST WHAT YOU WANT -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated message on WANTED : Three teachers with car to share Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your subscription will be welcomed. $2.00 per year-20c per copy. Send stamps for cottage Long Lake, May and June. Paved sample copy. Remember , it's the- ALL -ARTS MAGAZINE road, good trains. Emma L. Lee, 3213 Altgeld Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams St., Dept. M Chicago, Illinois St. , Chicago. Register Or You Cannot Vote April 13. Page 258 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 17, 1926 TEACHERS !! Let MeAttendYou Before Vacation SUPERFLUOUS HAIR THE IDLE HOUR Removed by Multiple Electrolysis AND SATISFACTORY GUARANTEED PERMANENT LOUISE B. EVERETT " The best of all ways to lengthen our Personal Service days 17 N. State Street-Dearborn 5277 Is to steal a few hours from the night, 56 Years In The Fur Business !! I KNOW FUR Why take chances with moths each Summer. my dear." OurFur Storage Vaults , of special construction , -From an Old Irish Song. have been designed to eliminate every possible worry . F. RANKE FUR CO. Second floor Capitol Bldg . 159 N. State St. Dearborn 5831 A Debate, "Resolved : that Military Train- ing in Schools and Colleges Should Be Abol- ished ," is scheduled for the Chicago Forum Sunday, March 21 at 3 o'clock in the Olympic CHICAGO TRUNK & LEATHER GOODS CO . Theater. Representing the affirmative will MANUFACTURERS OF be Dr. Irving Maurer, President of Beloit College. Frank Comerford, Chicago attorney, will speak on the negative. WALITY Baggage Scott Nearing, lecturer at the New School of Social Research, New York, will be the speaker at Hull House, Saturday night, LUGGAGE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION March 20 at 8 o'clock. His subject will be, 526 SOUTH WABASH AVENUE "Recent Educational Development in Russia." CHICAGO , ILL . Mr. Nearing has just returned from two Wholesale Prices to School Teachers months intensive study in Russia. A special invitation has been extended to teachers to attend the lecture . If You Want a Good Shingle Bob or Permanent Marcel Wave Dallas Lore Sharp will lecture Saturday Come in and see us ! morning, April 17, at 10:30 o'clock in the JOSEPH P. MARTIN Studebaker theater, according to an announce- 1016 Stevens Bldg. ment of the Chicago Division, Illinois State CENT. 1216 DEAR . 6542 Teachers' Association. His subject will be, "Five Days and An Education. " Dear Miss Teacher : Have you been going without corsets and find yourself spreading ? If so, you will be sorry. Let us mold you Galli Curci will appear in a return engage- back into shapely lines with either our flexible lightly boned Corset, or our " Dream" Girdle- brassiere Figure- ment recital Tuesday night, March 30, in Or- mold. They are "comfy" yet they control. Discount to chestra Hall . The prima donna soprano sang you of 10%. We invite a call. Mrs. L. M. MacPherson in Chicago several weeks ago . (Corset Specialist) 517 Venetian Bldg., 15 E. Washington St. A little child was asked-"How old is your brother ?" This Advertisement and " He aint old he's new." The child replied Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a a New Permanent Wave THE WENZEL WAY Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back $950 SUBSCRIPTION to 177 North State Street WENZEL, State 1887 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Name . Address . Phones Central 2551-2552 Res. Park Ridge 1842 (Street and Number) JOHN J. McCORMICK .. City SHORTHAND REPORTER Subscription price $2.00 per year. 1105 Ashland Block Chicago MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND, 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS . N. Dearborn St., Chicago. Tel. Central 3904. Be Sure To Register March 23. March 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 259 TOURS TOURS "SWEDEN WELCOMES YOU" EUROPE Visit Scandinavia, the home of the Vikings . Spend your Summer Vacation in the wonderful Northlands! 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Cher St MargaretHaley's 14 加 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill. 28 March 31, 1926 Christ Shall Rise High hopes that burned like stars sublime Go down in the heavens of freedom, And true hearts perish in the time We bitterliest need ' em; Vet never sit we down and say There's nothing left but sorrow; The powers of hell are strong today , But Christ shall rise tomorrow! -Gerald Massey. 00 Page 262 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 TOUR FLORIDA Instant This Spring Vacation CHICAGO TEACHERS' EXCURSION Response April 24th to May 1st A delightful, comfortable, restful and instruc- to Concession tive vacation at an astonishingly low cost- which includes rail and motor bus fares , meals accommodation and entertainment en route and Offered in Florida . Florida-always the land of sunshine-will be at its best about May 1st. The orange trees the Federation will be in full bloom. The most beautiful flowers, shrubs and trees you have ever seen, will great your eye. Gentle ocean breezes will INCE the March 17th lull you to sleep. You will return to your duties on May 3rd, re- issue of The Bulletin, in freshed and rested, and with an added fund of which this space ace was first-hand information about the most talked - of used to announce ar- state in the Union . Here is an opportunity of enjoying a delight- rangements which had been made ful, restful, instructive and profitable vacation with one of Chicago's leading at a small cost. Call, write or telephone for wholesalers, we have received a full particulars. great many compliments on the TOM D. COSTELLO accomplishment which will result 332 S. Michigan Avenue CHICAGO - Tel . Wabash 1897 in a saving on many household necessities and personal items such Nowhere sun shines quite so bright as as diamonds, watches, other jew- down in Florida. Nowhere birds sing quite so sweet, elry, leather purses, etc. , and on For Heaven and Earth both seem to meet sporting goods which members Right down in Florida. may now purchase at dealer's cost. The notice sent to all members Luncheon of the Federation has explained fully to you the location of Candies this concern, as well as the re- Rich Ice Creams quirements for allowing the dealer's discount - namely - Much as though you would conceive in your PRESENTATION OF YOUR own mind the finest and most desirable FEDERAΤΙΟΝ ΜEMBER- things to eat and then find them in SHIP CARD . beautiful surroundings-moderately priced ! At My New Tea Room Inasmuch as this privilege of JULIA KING'S buying at a discount has been 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST . extended to the Federation, your Near Randolph St. appreciation of it can best be expressed by calling on the firm v e which offers you, on presenta- S a BY MAKING YOUR tion of your Federation Member- ship Card, such unusual oppor- tunities. OWN CLOTHES YOUR CARD IS BECOM- WE MAKE IT EASY Upon Cutting and Fitting depends the ultimate success in ING MORE VALUABLE the making of the garment and that intricate task, we EVERY DAY. perform for you-then pin and baste it. Your own ideas are followed-or you may select from our style books. All you do is the actual sewing!! Then, too, we have a Partial and Complete Finishing Service THE -doing part of the sewing-or the complete making of the garment. Appointments for fitting may be made by CHICAGO TEACHERS' telephone. THE GOODRICH SHOP FEDERATION 1107 Stevens Bldg. Dear. 7015 Be Sure to Vote April 13 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 1 VOL. 3. No. 14 March 31 , 1926 Page 263 on " In a Republic, Government Can Be WE Maintained Only by Justice"-Altgeld The whole office holding class is getting to this republic call so loudly for men who love be a cowardly hanging on class, which always free institutions and are willing to die for di is careful to see how the wind blows before them. Never before did the country call so the daring either to have or to express an opinion, loudly for leaders as it does today. * * and the result is it is a negative class. They * do not lead in public opinion or in the forma- There will be a mighty struggle, but do not tion of a public sentiment on any question forget that the cause of humanity has always * * * Taking the whole office holding class triumphed in the end. But we must be in DE together, it is difficult to point out wherein earnest. When a century ago men faced the it does anything that can be regarded as rais- gallows by declaring for liberty they were ding the standard of public morals, creating a in earnest. When the Continental troops healthy public sentiment, or solving in a traversed the ice-covered hills with bare feet proper manner any of the great questions, and wrote their cause in letters of blood, they both economic and social, that are calling for were in earnest. * * 10 solution. On the contrary the whole office holding fraternity simply follows the public In a monarchy, government can be main- band wagon. * tained for a time by brute force, but in a re- * * public, government can be maintained only I would rather have it chiseled upon my by justice. Those men and those policies El tombstone, "He helped to break up boodleism which beget injustice are mortal enemies of in Illinois," than to have it said, "He served republican institutions. No government was fifty years in the United States Senate." Let ever overthrown by the poor, and we have me add another word here : Office hunting has nothing to fear from that source. It is the for many years been a mania, like money- greedy and the powerful who pull down the getting, and it has lowered character. It has pillars of state. Greed, corruption and weakened manhood, it has created an army of pharisaism are today sapping the foundations neutral men, of wire-pullers, of straddlers, of government. It is the criminal rich and and of tricksters, an army of men who are in- their hangers-on who are the real anarchists capable of doing anything great for their of our time. They rely on fraud and brute country and who have become a curse to this force. They use government as a convenience republic. Nothing in the end makes a man and make justice the handmaid of wrong. We look more contemptible or will more certainly are developing a kind of carbonated patriot- win him the scorn of manhood than to hold ism which seems to derive its most sparkling high office and be too weak or too corrupt to qualities from respectable boodleism. Our meet the highest demands of his country. country has great vitality, but these condi- * * * tions must be arrested or else we are lost. Only those nations grow which correct abuses, Never before did the world call so loudly make reforms and listen to the voice of the and so earnestly for men who will make honor struggling masses. * * * the pole star of conduct. Never before did From "Live Questions" by John P. Altgeld. Be Sure to Vote April 13 From the Masthead by The Lookout God made the world— and rested; God made man —and rested : Then God made woman . Since then neither God nor man has rested . To the Teachers of Chicago: Teachers, you will be vitally affected by The twelve thousand teachers and their the coming Primary election April 13! many times twelve thousand friends should Your salaries will be cut unless more work, both before and on April 13, for candi- school revenue is obtained. The salary "cut" dates pledged to honest, equitable assessments will undoubtedly be an " under-cover" cut, of property for taxation. They should go to effected under the guise of efficiency, by bas- the polls on April 13, and stay until the last ing the salaries on "marks," as teachers' sal- vote is counted to see that every vote is counted as the voter intended. aries are now based in Gary, Indiana. In Gary only "very superior" teachers, There is not a teacher who can not get from that is, those "marked" from 98 to 100, are ten to twenty citizens to get out and vote and allowed to get the maximum salary, $2,400. work for the candidates who are pledged to And, "for salary purposes” not more than 25 a fair and equitable assessment platform, and per cent of the whole teaching force in Gary to honest enforcement of the election laws . is marked from 98 to 100. Gary is the model There are two paramount issues in the Pri- which the Chicago schools are slavishly fol- mary election on April 13. The first is con- lowing. For nearly two years the play- ground trol of the tax-assessing Boards of Cook instructors in Chicago have had every year of County ; the second is control of the election their salary schedule based on "marks." machinery through the election of a County Coming events cast their shadows before. Judge. Every newspaper in the city has Watch that dark shadow, that last marking warned the people that there is a dangerous scheme of the Superintendent which he has bi-partisan alliance of Democratic and Repub- submitted for recommendations to his "hand- lican bosses for control of these offices . picked conference," as Mr. Mullenbach called By the terms of the law, the Judge of the it. That scheme was printed in the last issue County Court is required to appoint the 12,500 of the Bulletin . judges and clerks of election who supervise The additional school revenue necessary to the voting and count the ballots cast at the prevent the impending "under-cover" cut in precinct polling places in Chicago. teachers' salaries must come through more The members of this army of election offi- equitable and fair assessment of property by cials are responsible solely to the County the tax-assessing boards, instead of through Judge. an increase in the school tax rate. Not only will the next County Judge ap- Candidates for Board of Assessors and point these 12,500 election officials, but during Board of Review will be nominated on April his term of office, two of the three members 13 for six-year terms. The horde of tax-fixers of the Board of Review will be elected; the - and their beneficiaries will go to the polls next Mayor of Chicago will be elected; the early on April 13 to vote and work for their next Governor of Illinois will be elected ; the candidates for the Assessing Boards. They entire City Council of 50 members will be will stay till the last vote is counted or elected and the majority of the members of stolen, if they can steal it. the Board of Assessors will be elected, all of Be Sure to Vote April 13 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 265 which makes it doubly important for the the bi-partisan candidate on the Republican people to nominate on both tickets fit candi- ticket, has been silent on the question of equi- dates for County Judge. table assessments. ( See pp. 276-7.) Mr. Bar- Honest Elections Are at Stake. Unless the rett has been a member of the Board of Re- bi-partisans have a friendly judge in the view for six years . county court they cannot remain in business. It is a matter of common knowledge, every The will of the decent majority will prevail newspaper is shouting it, that it is a part of in honestly conducted elections, and any the bi-partisan deal of the Crowe-Barrett- gangsters will be thrown out. Brennan alliance to nominate Kohl and Bar- The fact that judges and clerks of election rett, Kohl as a "place-filler" on the ballot, are chosen from members of the two major and Barrett to be elected by the political parties is supposed to be a safeguard of hon- “combine” next fall . Barrett and Kohl should est elections. With factions of the two parties both be defeated on April 13. Robert Jerome forming one combination for the nomination Dunne, son of ex- Governor and ex-Mayor of a friendly county judge this supposed safe- Edward F. Dunne, and Oscar Wolff, the pres- guard ceases to exist. ent coroner, should both be nominated . The If the scheme of the bi-partisans succeeds voters will then have a choice in November the supervision of voting and the counting of between Dunne and Wolff, instead of between ballots in this community will be in the hands Barrett and Kohl. of a close corporation, all of whose members For Board of Assessor have the same political interests, with no Wm. Sterling Maxwell, Democrat. political responsibility to the people. Edward Cohen, Democrat. Turn to the pink sheet the four middle Frank C. Haeger, Republican. pages of this bulletin —and lift the sheet out. Ernest B. Graham, Republican. On one side is a specimen Republican Primary Thomas A. Boyer, Republican. Ballot, and on the other a specimen Demo- Statements of Mr. Maxwell and Mr. Cohen cratic Primary Ballot. At the right of each appear here on page 266 . specimen ballot is a list of candidates not No candidate has been nominated on the supported by the bi-partisan combine. These Democratic ticket for the third member of names will all be found on their respective specimen ballots. The candidates for the the Board who must, under the law, be elected County Judge, Board of Review, and Board from Cook County outside of Chicago. The of Assessors, recommended by the Chicago Republican candidates, Haeger, Graham and Boyer have endorsed the statement of plat- Teachers ' Federation will be found in this form here submitted by Mr. Wolff . outer, right-hand column, with a cross in the squares before their names. On April 13 voters are free to vote the ticket These candidates are : of their choice, irrespective of previous choice ; County Judge the choice of Republican or Democratic Pri- mary ballot at this time will, however, restrict Judge Edmund K. Jarecki ( Incumbent), the voter for the next two years to the choice Democrat . made at this time. Judge Daniel P. Trude, Republican. You are advised to fill out this specimen Of these two candidates for County Judge ballot of the party of your choice and take it the Chicago Evening Post, on March 1, 1926, to the polls with you. The real ballot will be said : " If the voters in November have choice a yard long . It is important that you have a between Judge Jarecki on the Democratic marked ballot with you. ticket and Judge Trude on the Republican Twenty- five years' experience outside of ticket, they will be fortunately situated in re- the school room, spent in the service of the lation to this most important position. " Chicago teachers, working to get revenue for For Board of Review the schools and other public needs through Robert Jerome Dunne, Democrat. equitable and fair assessments of property, Oscar Wolff, Republican. is behind the recommendations here presented Photographic reproductions of the platform for the coming April Primary. of these two candidates will be found on the next two pages of this bulletin. The bi-par- tisan candidate against Dunne, on the Dem- ocratic ticket, is Harry Kohl, boiler inspector in the city hall, who, like Charles V. Barrett, Morjenta. Holy Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 266 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 Dunne Platform Includes Equitable Assessment Candidates for Assessors on Protest Ticket Declare Themselves (Photographic Reproduction) WILLIAML. O'CONNELL, CHAIRMAN MORRIS WILSON, SECRETARY DEMOCRACY OF ILLINOIS Headquarters, MORRISON HOTEL TEL. DEARBORN 2189 CHICAGO, ILL. March 30 , 1926 . To the Citizens and Taxpayers of Cook County : The appraisal of real estate values is the keystone of the industrial and financial world. Real Estate constitutes from 2/3 to 4/5 of the local revenues in the United States . Its taxation is the most important element of the tax system of the State . The assessment of Real Estate in Cook County has been given little or no scientific consideration by public tax assessing bodies . Their method of ascertaining real estate values is mysterious or unknown . It results in over -valuation in the case of the cottage owner and under valuation of an enormous amount of other property . A year round bureau should be organized to scientifically ascertain fair values and to keep track of changing values , improvements or depreciation of real estate . If this be done , proportionate and equitable taxation and reduction of tax levies will follow . Steadily mounting tax rates demand the institution and vigorous enforcement of this reform which we whole-heartedly commit ourselves to . Rocarnosu . for Board of Review Candidate Tor EdwardCohen Candidate for Board of Assessors NS .Maxwell Candidate for Board of Assessors Be Sure to Vote April 13 1 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 267 Wolff Pledges Fair Assessments if Elected to Board of Review Makes Following Statement to Citizens of Chicago (Photographic Reproduction) FORM 34. 5534 COOK COUNTY OSCAR WOLFF . Coroner's Office CORONER ILLINOIS A. HERRMANN . CHIEF DEPUTY CORONER COUNTY COURT HOUSE CHICAGO, March 30 , 1926 . To the Citizens and Tax Payers of Cook County : As a candidate for the Republican nomination for the Board of Review , I wish to state my position clearly and without reserva- tions as to the necessity for revising and reforming the present system under which taxes are assessed and collected in this County . I am firmly of the belief that there ought to be no favoritism shown due to political friendships or for any other consideration to one class of tax payers above another . It is my fixed opinion that the present system of appraising values and of determining assess- ments is unfair and inequitable . It not only results in over- valuation where the small home owner is concerned , leads to high rents in the case of the apartment dweller , but also permits some owners of large properties to escape their just share of the tax burden . My attention has been called to the effort that the Chicago Teachers Federation is making to bring about uniformity in tax assessment and a scientific system of fixing values . I have no hesitancy in pledging myself to that or any other sane intelligent program for revising the present tax law . Only under such a revised system of assessment which would take into account changing values , improvements and depreciation of pro- perty values will the big and little tax payer bear their shares of the burden in just proportion . If , under existing legislation it should be found possible to organize a permanent bureau , the functioning of which would be to keep track of property values to ascertain the fair appraisal of property by blocks as improvements or depreciation occurs , then I shall favor the organization of such a bureau and will give it my personal attention if nominated and elected to the Cook County Board of Review . Yours very truly , Oscar Wolff Candidate for Board of Review. Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 268 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 " Let Anny One Vote, but Let Me Count the Ballot, " Says Mr. Dooley Vote for Candidates for County Judge Who Will Insure an Honest Count of Your Ballots The Bulletin herewith presents the opinion In a full-page article on the Bipartisan of two Chicago newspapers on the candidacy Alliance of the Brennan Democrats and the of Judge Jarecki and Judge Trude, candidates C-B-T ( Crowe, Barrett, Thompson) Republi- respectively on the Democratic and Republi- cans, The Daily News of March 30 says of can tickets, whom we earnestly recommend to Joseph Savage, the C-B-T candidate for the voters at the coming Primary, April 13 : County Judge : CHICAGO EVENING POST THE DAILY NEWS In calling attention to the importance of the To the evidence revealed in the proceedings office of county judge, because of its relation of the sanitary district, south park and county to the machinery of elections, Judge Daniel P. boards, Deneen Republicans add the fact that Trude, the Deneen candidate for nomination for county judge, has touched upon the most Joseph P. Savage, the C-B-T candidate for important issue at stake in the primary fight. County Judge, has been a solicitor for the Election fraud has been rife in Cook County Chicago agency of the United States Fidelity for years. Under Judge Jarecki a vigorous and Guaranty company of Baltimore, of effort was made by the board of election com- which "Boss" Brennan is head. That fact, missioners to hold in check the corrupt ele- they say, looks like conclusive proof of a bi- ments, represented in both parties and all partisan agreement to “divvy” the more im- factions . Notwithstanding this , fraud was widely and bodly perpetrated, and the judge portant county offices at the approaching elec- is in disfavor with certain of his own party tion. because he had the courage to impose penalties Brennan's story is this : on some officers of election who were convicted Joe Savage became a solicitor for the in his court . agency before the war. He was then a demo- It is no uncommon practice for votes of one crat, "but that had nothing to do with it," candidate to be brazenly called off as cast for according to the “boss .” During the war Sav- another ; the short pencil is still doing its thievish work; the repeater is still earning his age became acquainted with Marshall Field reward by multiple voting. III. in a southern training camp. Upon his In a close contest the stealing of an election return to civil life he was invited by Field to is not a difficult matter; the proving of the join the organization that was working for theft is hedged by many difficulties . With a the nomination of Gen. Leonard Wood as the complacent county judge and complacent Republican candidate for president. board of election commissioners the casting of "He asked me for my advice," says Bren- ballots becomes a perfunctory exercise of the voter's privilege. He is at the mercy of elec- nan, “and I advised him to go ahead. I told tion officials, chosen from names furnished by him, though, that he'd better hurry if he the party bosses. wanted to get on the Wood band wagon. He Experience, character and courage are did. " needed in the office of county judge. These Afterward Savage obtained appointment as qualifications Judge Trude possesses. He is an assistant state's attorney under Crowe. an outstanding man among the few fit who He retained his desk in Brennan's office. are to be found in the lists of primary candi- There he was just one of seventy-five solici- dates. If the voters in November have choice tors, according to the “boss.” He still held the between Judge Jarecki on the Democratic desk space when the C-B-T faction picked him ticket, and Judge Trude on the Republican as its candidate for the county judgeship, ticket, they will be fortunately situated in which carries with it control of the election relation to this most important position. machinery of the county. Chicago Evening Post, March 1, 1926. The Daily News, March 30, 1926. Be Sure to Vote April 13 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 273 1 Verily, Verily, Politics Make Strange Bed-Fellows Co The Brennan- Crowe Bi-Partisan Candidate for County Judge Barks Up Two Trees CHICAGO HERALD AND EXAMINER, JANUARY 30, 1926. CHICAGO HERALD AND EXAMINER, JANUARY 17, 1926. The Chicago voter is about to be handed the smooth- k est bi-partisan double-cross, relative to nominating the county tickets, that has ever been administered to an unsuspecting public. THE MAGICIAN The Crowe combination has reached a very satisfac- Copyright. 1828. by The Chicago Herald and Examiner.) tory agreement with George E. Brennan, the Democratic boss, as to the county judgeship; a situation that explains the apparent willingness of Brennan to allow County DE RE Judge Edmund K. Jarecki to be renominated by the MO PU CR BL T Democrats. Jarecki probably will be given the nomina- AT I T IC C I IC K AN C 1 E tion by the Democratic organization with the express K T E T PRACTICAL purpose of defeating him at the polls, and here is where POLITICIAN the interesting phase of the situation develops : The Ladies and gentlemen, you see here two animals representing your ticket and your neighbor's ticket. Crowe combination has announced that Joseph P. Sav- age, now an assistant state's attorney, is its choice for 1 county judge. For some weeks there was a lot of inquiry as to why this organization should select a Democrat for county . judge and to insist so persistently on his nomination. A i glance at the telephone book and the former record of Joseph P. Savage furnish a very mute but convincing expression of these political manipulations. The tele- Iplace them on this stahd, cast over them the veil of manipulation, phone book gives the business address of Joseph P. repeat the mystic formula known only to myself, and- Savage at 231 South La Salle street, telephone number State 1445 (page 1037). Turning then to the name of George E. Brennan in the same telephone book you will find his address as 231 South La Salle street, with tele- phone number State 1445 (page 142). * * * . So while the good government leaguers and Citizens' Association and other public spirited forces are strug- gling to cleanse the election machinery in Cook County- Presto, the two small animals have disappeared, and in thoor they find hatched a bi-partisan combination to pick a place is a hybrid known as "my ticket!" Democrat satisfactory to the Brennan organization and nominate him on the Republican ticket for county judge. *** To defeat the Brennan- Crowe bi-partisanship, which means political irresponsibility, to insure prosecution of vote frauds, vote for Judge Daniel P. Trude, a lifelong Republican, the only experienced Republican candidate for county judge. Chicago Herald-Examiner, January 17, 1926. DESIGNATES PRIVATE BRAI FOR SUBURBAN SUBSCRIBERS NU BRENNAN-continued BRENNAN SAVAGE-continued SAVAS- Arthur 1246 SAshlandAv. ROO svlt-2559 Jas Cr Jas Tr 5625 Aberdeen WEN twth-2855 Euola 1 Arthur Gr 1811NKedzieBEL mont-4638 JasEr Jnor 809 W Garfld Bl ENG lwd-1684 Nelson BGr 4737 Ellis Av ..DRE xl -4910 JasFr Jno A rms 2323 W Adams SEE ly-5354 r 70: BJr 6425 S Halsted NOR ml -3285 JasGr r 2302 W Jackson Bl. SEE ly-8738 TH Jr Bernard JasHr Jno Hr 3319 Park Av KED ze-2020 mirs r 6112 S Massasoit REP ublic 2958 Jas Jr Jos Pins 231 S LaS STA te-1445 r 14: Bros auto bodies Jas J 2411 Milwke Av HUM bldt -7008 r 112 r 325 S Ashind BI HAY mkt-4922 SAVEY Fred Wr 7522 Cornell Av. FAI rfx-7928 Martin Kathryn Alma M Fredk Jr 840 Montrose. EDG wtr-6991 Mary r r 2731 Florence Av BUC knghm- 1124- г 25: GAr24W 110th Pl PUL mn-0443 Mary r Louis r 5117 Kimbark Av FAI rfx-10541 SAVI Flor Garett M Mary A Margaret Mrs r SAVIANO r 5438 W Monroe COL umbs-0873 г 611 5907 Oconto Av NEW casl - 0117 Gennari Geor 2912 Bonfld LAF ayt-6613 Mary A Marion A SAVICH Geo E ofc 231 S LaS .STA te-1445 r 114 r 3444 W Jackson VAN buren-1266 SLr6 Steve r r 3150 Sheridan Rd GRA clnd- 1081 Mary C Steve r Geo E г 263 r 5053 W Monroe COL umbs -4735 Mary V Geo F Matilda r 5079 W Jackson BI COL umbs-5665 Matthe Gartrude Michael (Photographic Reproduction From Telephone Directory) Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 274 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 Teachers' Secretary and Labor Board Show Records of Legislators Announce Attitude of Solons on Educational and Labor Bills Robert C. Moore, Secretary of the State Record on Educational Recommenda- tions of Bills Teachers' Association, and the Joint Labor DISTRICT 4- Labor Legislative Board have indicated the attitude (No election of Senator) of members of the Legislature, candidates for Arthur J. Rutshaw, R. Neutral Nominate nomination for Senators and Representatives, James P. Boyle, D. Fair Nominate as judged from their activity for educational Thomas J. O'Grady, D. Good Nominate and labor bills, respectively. DISTRICT 5- Based on roll calls, general attitude, help- James E. MacMurray, R. Opposed Defeat fulness and activity for educational bills, the Roy C. Woods, R. New Nominate records of candidates have been marked by George F. Fitzgerald, R. New Mr. Moore, Excellent, Good, Fair, Neutral and Katherine H. Goode, R. Good Nominate Opposed. Sidney Lyon, R. Fair Defeat Victor A. Olander, Secretary of the Illinois Michael L. Igoe, D. Excellent Nominate State Federation of Labor, in the Weekly DISTRICT 6- News Letter of March 27, 1926, has printed (No election of Senator) the report of the Joint Labor Legislative Ralph E. Church, R. Poor Defeat John W. Gibson, R. Fair Nominate Board showing that Board's view of the can- didates from their action on labor bills. These Charles H. Weber, D. Fair Nominate recommendations are indicated by the words DISTRICT 7- "Nominate" or " Defeat." Frederick B. Roos, R. Good Senators are to be elected this year from Howard P. Castle, R. Poor Defeat Lewis B. Springer, R. Fair Defeat odd numbered districts only. In the lists Martin H. Finneran, D. Good Nominate printed below, the names of Senators appear first and are in black type in each district, DISTRICT 8- "R" standing for Republican and "D" for (No election of Senator) Democrat. Charles H. Francis, R. Fair Defeat N. L. Jackson, R. Neutral Defeat Following are the designations of Mr. William F. Weiss, R. Fair Defeat Moore and the recommendations of the Joint Labor Legislative Board, marked according to DISTRICT 9— the way each candidate has demonstrated his Patrick J. Carroll, D. Good Nominate helpfulness in the passage of educational and David E. Shanahan, R. Neutral ... labor bills : William J. Gormley, D. Good Nominate Record on Recommenda- Joseph Placek, D. Neutral Nominate Educational tions of Bills Labor DISTRICT 11- DISTRICT 1— Nominate Henry J. Greune, R. New Adolph Marks, R. Fair William E. Ruhle, D. New Nominate Charles A. Griffin, R. Good ... Defeat Walter R. Miller, R. Good Sheadrick B. Turner, R. Neutral .. David I. Swanson, R. Fair Defeat John Griffin, D. Excellent Excellent Nominate John M. Lee, D. DISTRICT 2- DISTRICT 13- (No election of Senator) Harry W. Starr, R. New Nominate Peter S. Krump, R. Fair Nominate Elmer J. Schnackenberg Fair Frank Ryan, D. Good Nominate Theo. D. Smith, R. Fair Harry C. Van Norman, D. Fair Nominate William W. Powers, D. Good Nominate DISTRICT 3- DISTRICT 15- Adelbert H. Roberts, R. Good John J. Boehm, D. Excellent Nominate Warren B. Douglas, R. Fair Nominate Thomas Curran, R. Neutral Nominate William E. King, R. Good Nominate Matt Franz, D. Fair Nominate George G. Noonan, D. Good Nominate Joseph Perina, D. Good Nominate Be Sure to Vote April 13 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 275 Record on Recommenda- CHICAGO DISTRICTS Educational tions of Bills Labor District 1-Parts of Wards 1, 2 and 11. DISTRICT 17- District 2-Parts of Wards 25, 26, 27 and 28. District 3-Parts of Wards 1, 2, 3, 11 and 13. Senator : District 4-Ward 14 and Parts of 3, 12, 13, 15 and 17. No recommendation District 5-Wards 4 and 5, Parts of 3, 6, 8, 17. District 6-Ward 45 and Parts of 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, Fair Nominate 49 and 50 and Parts of Evanston. William V. Pacelli, R. District 9-Parts of Wards 1, 12, 13, 21, 22. Chas . Coia, D. Poor Nominate District 11-Wards 16 and 18 and Parts of 8, 15, 17, 19. Jacob W. Epstein, D. Good ......... District 13-Wards 7, 9 and 10 and Parts of 6, 8 and 19 and Town of Calumet. District 15-Parts of Wards 20, 21, 26. DISTRICT 19- District 17-Parts of Wards 20, 25, 26, 27. John T. Denvir, D. Good Nominate District 19-Wards 23, 24, 29 and Parts of 21, 22, 23, 25, 28, 30, Τowns of Berwyn, Riverside and Cicero. ☐ Charles E. Marinier, R. Good District 21-Parts of Wards 28, 30, 31, 32, 37. Harry I. Weisbrod, R. Fair Defeat District 23-Parts of Wards 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 and Part of Cicero. John R. McSweeny, D. Good Nominate District 25-Wards 38, 39, 40 and Parts of 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 41, 47, 50. DISTRICT 14- District 27-Parts of Wards 27, 31, 33. District 29-Parts of Wards 42 and 43 . Senator : No election District 31-Parts of Wards 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 49. Ralph H. Hoar, R. Fair Defeat DISTRICTS NEAR CHICAGO District 7-Comprising Forest Park, Barrington, Wil- Frank A. McCarthy, R. Excellent Nominate mette, Calumet City. John M. Peffers, R. Neutral Defeat District 8-Lake Forest. District 14 — Harold C. Kessinger, R, Aurora. DISTRICT 21- District 41-Comprising Joliet, Downers Grove, Wil- mington . Edward J. Hughes, D. Excellent Nominate Frederick J. Bippus, R. Good Nominate CANDIDATES FOR REPRESENTATIVES Nominate IN CONGRESS FROM CONGRESSIONAL Benjamin M. Mitchell, D. Good コ Good Nominate DISTRICTS IN CHICAGO Michael F. Maher, D. (R for Republicans, D for Democrats ) DISTRICT 23- DISTRICT 1- Martin B. Madden, R., 3829 Michigan Ave. Lowell B. Mason, R. Fair P. W. Chavers , R., 527 E. 42nd Place. Edward M. Overland, R. Neutral Defeat James F. Doyle , D., 549 W. 31st St. DISTRICT 2- William G. Thon, R. Fair ... Morton D. Hull, R., 4855 Woodlawn Ave. Fred W. Hrdlicka, D. Good Nominate Michael C. Walsh, D., 5836 Prairie Ave. Joseph Frank, D., 225 E. 55th Place. DISTRICT 3- DISTRICT 25- Elliott W. Sproul, R. , 9557 S. Hoyne Ave. Daniel Webster, R. Fair Nominate William W. Wilson, R., 354 Normal Parkway. Fair Nominate Edward J. Glackin, D., 10600 S. Seeley Ave. Mrs. Rena Elrod, R. Michael T. Kenny, D., 634 W. 68th St. Defeat DISTRICT 4 Theodore R. Steinert, R. Fair John J. Dever, R. , 4025 S. Albany Ave. John G. Jacobson, D. Good Nominate Thomas A. Doyle, D., 3549 Lowe Ave. DISTRICT 5- DISTRICT 27- Matt J. Vogel, R., 1955 W. 21st Place. John A. Piotrowski, D. Neutral Nominate Joseph Adolph F. J. Harrast, R., 2101 Sabath, D., 2006 W. 19th St. Ave. S. Ashland Albert Rostenkowski, R. Neutral Nominate DISTRICT 6- Fair Nominate John J. Gorman, R., 5077 W. Monroe St. A. L. Auth, D. Willis McFeely, R. , 721 N. Grove Ave., Oak Pk. William Lipka, D. Fair Nominate Miles A. Fuerst, R. , 4143 W. 26th St. Jerome S. Breakstone, R. , 1515 W. Monroe St. DISTRICT 29- James T. Igoe, D., 5552 W. Adams St. Charles W. Wulf, D., 2330 W. Madison St. John T. Joyce, R. Good DISTRICT 7- Michael R. Durso, R. Good Nominate M. A. Michaelson, R. , 3022 Palmer Square. Thomas A. Brockmeyer, R. , 1527 N. Irving Ave. Ernest W. Turner, R. Neutral Nominate A. Jefferson Schultze, R., 3021 Logan Blvd. Lawrence C. O'Brien, D. Fair Nominate Marcus Jorgensen, R. , 2112 Humboldt Blvd. John S. Hall, D., 2235 N. Kimball Ave. Frank Buchanan, D., 3845 Addison St. DISTRICT 31- DISTRICT 8- Herman J. Haenisch, R. Good ..... David S. Chesrow, R. , 829 Miller St. Wencel F. Hetman, R. , 1635 N. Robey St. George A. Williston, R. Excellent Stanley Henry Kunz , D., 1916 Potomac Ave. Excellent Nominate DISTRICT 9- James J. O'Toole, D. Fred A. Britten, R., 310 Belden Ave. Bertha Bauer, R., 1511 Astor St. DISTRICT 41- Patrick J. H. Farrell, R. , 1222 N. State St. Richard J. Barr, R. Excellent Nominate Raymond W. Moore, D., 2729 N. Halsted St. DISTRICT 10- Lottie Holman O'Neill, R. Excellent Nominate Carl R. Chindblom, R., 5418 N. Paulina St. John L. Walker, R. Good ... ... Earl M. Waters, R. , 4441 Magnolia Ave. Nominate William Gaughrin, D., 3535 N. Irving Ave. Michael F. Hennebry, D. Fair William X. Meyer, D., 7706 Eastlake Ter. Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 276 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 Σωθείς...δης ποt Expensive A Discount of MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor This space is reserved for Between Madison and Washington Spring Apparel During the Fall and Winter months it was our pleasure to sell scores of Chicago The Tax Platform of Teachers their complete out- fits, including many fine fur coats. We have no doubt that these same patrons will come to us for their Spring Apparel HARRY KOHL -for they have come to know that MURRAY- BLACK offers the utmost in style and quality, at purse-appealing prices. And Democratic Candidate for we invite new patrons among the teachers to take advan- tage of our 10% discount offer. The Board of Review Dresses, $20 up For work- a-day, dinner and evening, in the newest styles and colors, of materials most in demand this season. For a Six- Year Term A wide selection, gathered from the Nation's foremost manufacturers . Suits & Coats $25 up Two and three piece, in a wide variety of color, pat- tern, style and cloth. Every one at a most moderate price-and then an additional 10% off to teachers! Sizes for MURRAY -BLACK CO. Misses, Womenand 21 N. Wabash Ave. Stouts Between Madison and Washington KOHL'S PLATFORM DISTINCTIVE PERMANENT WAVING SpecialAppointment Time SetAside for Teachers : Anne Heathcote Studio 608 Republic Building-209 South State Street Telephone Harrison 9060 FRANCES Specializes in Cutting Curly Hair We Cheerfully Recommend Mr. Victor A. Olander, Secretary of the Illinois State Federation of Labor, asks our support for Mr. Sylvester J. Konenkamp, a candidate for judge of the Municipal Court on the Republic ticket. We cheerfully rec- ommend Mr. Konenkamp and also Miss Mary McEnerney , a vice-president of the Illinois State Federation of Labor, who is a candidate for County Commissioner on the Democratic ticket. Miss McEnerney is an officer in the Bindery Girls' Union . Mr. Greenacre recommends the renomina- tion of Congressman Eliott W. Sproul, Repub- Voters Take Notice: lican candidate third Congressional District. Harry Kohl is the DEMOCRATIC Candidate Edward J. Glackin, State Senator for many of the Barrett - Crowe- Brennan Bi- Partisan Alliance. years, and one of the best and most helpful friends of the teachers, is Democratic candi- date for Congress from the third Congres- sional District and should be nominated. Be Sure to Vote April 13 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 277 ENRICI'S is famous no less H for the enduring and deep This space is reserved for friendships it has won than for the quality of the foods The Tax Platform of it serves and for the great volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- CHARLES V. BARRETT day, before the matinee, it is the great central meeting place. Republican Candidate for The Board of Review For a Six- Year Term HENRICI'S WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT 67 W. Randolph St. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets BARRETT'S PLATFORM In Choosing Your Spring Footwear Remember " our shoes" are fashioned to the shape of the human foot. The leather gives a gentle, firm support to the arch and you can walk, dance or enter into sports with a vim, because genuine comfort is yours in a I Am Against pair of these naturally con- structed shoes. In appearance they are not freakish or odd-they are just the World Court good-looking. Super-construc- tion and workmanship make the difference. $10 $11 $12 ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents Permanent Wave $10.00 Friday and Saturday 75 cents Modern Beauty Shoppe's Experienced We Guarantee Our Work Loop West Side Suite 610 Capitol Bldg . 1636 W. Van Buren St. 159 N. State St. Phone West 3427 Phone Dearborn 0317 Open evenings Tuesday, Open Evenings , Mon. , Tues. , Fri. Thur. , Fri. and Sat. SCHMIDT ESTABLISHED 1894 COSTUME Voters Take Notice: AND Charles V. Barrett is the REPUBLICAN THE WIG SHOP Candidate of the Barrett- Crowe- Brennan HOME OF THE REQUISITES FOR THE Bi-Partisan Alliance. FANCY DRESS BALL AND COSTUME AMATEUR STAGE 920 NORTH CLARK ST. TEL. LINCOLN 5236 SHOP HOURS 8 TO 6 Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 278 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 Five points of interest, neces- sary for foot comfort, found in SOCKET - FIT SHOES THE IDLE HOUR A close-fitting instep, which, when laced up, forms a bandage about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- The flexible construction which exer- " The best of all ways to lengthen our cises and strengthens the muscles- days The soles which are moulded exactly to the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- The proper balance which helps you to walk naturally and without strain and last but not least Is to steal a few hours from the night, The long, hard wear. These five points combined with a personal inter- my dear." est in fitting assures you foot comfort. -From an Old Irish Song. D. C. LOCKE'S In the Lobby SOCKET FIT , Formerly the , of the The Bluebird Club has secured the Good- College Shops SHOE STARE • Boot man Theater, in Grant Park, across the Mon- Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, III. Shop roe street viaduct, east of Michigan avenue, and its company of professional players, who Announces following will present "Don Juan," by Moliere, and BERTHA OTT CONCERTS the RECITALS under her management " The Man of Destiny," by Bernard Shaw, in Myra Hess, pianiste, recital, benefit Scholarship Fund, Gamma Chapter, Sigma Alpha Iota Sorority, Studebaker Theater, a double bill Wednesday night, April 14, at Sunday afternoon, April 4th, at 3:30. Seats $2.00, $1.50 and $1.00. No tax. At box office now. 8:20 o'clock. Only 750 seats are available. Rudolph Reuter, pianist, and Jacques Gordon, violinist, joint recital, Princess Theater, Sunday afternoon, April 4, at 3:30. Those desiring them have been asked to send Seats $1.10 and $1.65, tax included, at box office now. Hans Hess, cellist, recital, Studebaker Theatre, Sunday after- noon, April 11th, at 3:30. Seats $1.10 and $1.65 at box of- a stamped, addressed envelope and remit- fice now. Guy Maier, pianist, assisted by Lois Maier in a "Recital for tance to Mrs. Vanderpoel, Chairman, Art In- Young People," Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon , April 11th, at 3:30. Seats $1.10, 75c and 50c; at box office now. stitute. Tickets may be obtained also from Three Historical Piano Recitals WITH EXPLANATORY LECTURES BY Mrs. Nydam, main entrance at the Art Insti- Moriz Rosenthal, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoons, April 18, 25 and May 2. Programs, first : Bach, Mozart, Bee- tute, and from Bluebird members. thoven; second: Weber, Schubert, Schumann; third : Chopin and Liszt. Subscription tickets for the three recitals, $5.50. $4.40, $2.75; tax included. Subscriptions now being received. "Five Days and an Education" will be the subject of an address to be made by Dallas Lore Sharp, Saturday morning, April 17, at Dora Furlong Incorporated 10:30 o'clock, in the Studebaker Theater. 624 So. Michigan Avenue Blum Bldg. Phone Wabash 2595 The Rev. John A. Ryan of Washington, Permanent waving by the most competent operators. D. C. , director of the Social Action Depart- We guarantee all permanent waving to be the very best that can be secured anywhere. ment, National Catholic Welfare Council, Entire Head $8.00 will speak Easter Sunday afternoon on the Chicago Forum program in the Olympic The- The Personal Services of ater. His subject will be " The Decline of Lib- ΜΕΤΑ MARIE SCHMIDT erty in the United States." The lecture is Are Offered for the Removal of SUPERFLUOUS HAIR scheduled for 3 o'clock. WARTS AND MOLES Multiple or Single Needle 741 State-Lake Bldg. Dearborn 3965 190 N. State St. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Established 17 years MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher PHONE STATE 7698 G. Finch, Prop. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten HOGAN SHOE REPAIR SHOP months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. Shoe Repairing of the Better Class THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, Work Done While You Wait 15 Cents. 26 W. Washington St., 5th Floor LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of GEO . BOGOVIC FOOT Dr. ofSurgical Chiropractory SPECIALIST MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American Room 1406 Mentor Building Phone Dearborn 5071 Bond and Mortgage Bldg. , 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago 39 South State Street Hours 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. Phone Central 3904 Be Sure to Vote April 13 March 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Page 279 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- ‫الا‬ TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder the responsibility of recommending a school to your PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us. You will find our courses prepare you so well that much better results will be intensive throughout, and rapid in their preparation obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer. for positions. SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL-Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 -Harrison 1995 When referring students to us -kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. 17 2001 STRAUS BLDG. TELEPHONE HARRISON 0804 MACLEAN COLLEGE ofand Music, Dramatic Speech Arts LAURA MAE HAYWARD "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. Educational Adviser A perfectly equipped miniature theater for practical work A PERSONAL SERVICE PLACING GIRLS AND BOYS Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at AnyTime, IN SCHOOLS AND CAMPS ADAPTED TO Promotional Credits for Teachers DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Their INDIVIDUAL REQUIREMENTS Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. THIS SERVICE IS WITHOUT CHARGE 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO How would you like HAVE YOUR DIAMONDS Your Felt or Straw Hats RESET Reblocked CHAS . A. WINSHIP & CO . into up-to-date styles? Bobbed hair or con- 707 Capitol Bldg . - 159 No. State St. - CHICAGO servative styles. Small or extremely large headsizes . We have them. We are manu- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- O. R. May Fur Co. Large Stock ing Department has access to the best shapes. on hand Remodeling and Repairing A trial will convince you of our efficient New CoatsMadeto Order service. 501 Capitol Building Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. State andRandolph Central 6049 12 North Michigan Ave. 8th floor Ward Bldg. Established1897 Scientific and Permanent Superfluous Hair Janus Method Can positively be forever destroyed Of Reducing and Rejuvenating, Inc. Ihavebeeninbusinessfor many years and I guarantee my work Suite 313-316 Venetian Bldg., 15 East Washington Street Dearborn 2005 Martha B. Dowdy Rejuvenation of Face and Body Dearborn 5397 Mallers Bldg., 5 S. Wabash EDYTH DIEDRICH CHICAGO No Apprentices Not a Beauty School This Advertisement and The Most Satisfactory Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a New Permanent Wave THE WENZEL WAY $950 Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back PERMANENT WAVE Guaranteed to Please 177 North State Street WENZEL, State 1887 PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. TAXI CAB SERVICE FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS We Will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHI- CAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of our service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. Streiff&Dagobert ✓ FLORISTS, ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION The Oldest Cab Company In Chicago Expert Designer of Floral Art Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Be Sure to Vote April 13 Page 280 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN March 31, 1926 TOURS TOURS EUROPE Convenient Sailings to EUROPE Verdict of Our Past Clientele Is TOURIST THIRD Cabin LAPLAND 4 4 July 7 4 UTMOST OCEAN SERVICE To Mediterranean ports Madeira, Algiers , Naples,Venice No Better Way IMM ($ 120-$ 130) to Europe Than MAJESTIC 4 July 17 To England and France MINNEKAHDA • July24 THE BEALE To England and France Entire ship devoted exclusively to Tourist Third Cabin TOUR WAY Reservations made only for students, teachers, professional men and women and similar vacationists . Other sailings earlier and later from New York, Boston and Montreal. Write, Phone or Call for Literature if You Want Round Trip the Best $95 (up) $1400(up) All-expense-inclusive Tours - 5 to 35 days in Europe. $225 up . Ask for special booklet . BEALE TOURS WHITE STAR LINE 112 W. Adams St. : CHICAGO ATLANTICTRANSPORT LINE RED STAR LINE INTERNATIONAL, MERCANTILE MARINE COMPANY Randolph 1770 127 S. State St. , Chicago, Ill . COLLEGE TOURS Via White Star Line, Third-Cabin French Line Not an experiment, but a fact. Offer the choicest companionship and the best investment. We are the originators. Travel under our direction, safe, sane, Now you cannot afford not to go toEurope and satisfactory. Write for our " Tours to Suit Your Taste, Time, and Purse ." Tourist III Cabin Round Trip Rate $ 177 CHICAGO TOURIST AGENCY, Earl B. Hubbell, Mgr. 19 So. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill. Tel. Dearborn 3567 Company's Office 109 N. Dearborn St. TEACHERS !! - SEE AMERICA FIRST European Tours THE CRESCENT INN , Ennis, Montana All expenses-limited parties On direct route to Yellowstone National Park, 65 miles from $395 to $2,100 west entrance. Spend your vacation in the shadow of the Rockies. Most delightful sport in the world. Phone our repre- For reservations and booklet- sentative at Hyde Park 5110 any day from 9 A. M. to 1 P. М. and you will get literature with all information-including AMERICAN TRAVEL BUREAU, Inc. references . Make your reservation NOW. SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS. 715-717 Straus Bldg., Chicago Bluebird Cottage To Reach the Teachers with BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at Boulder, Colorado, is open this winter to any Chicago teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. Touring Information Reservations may be made in Chicago at ADVERTISE IN 1515 Capitol Building MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN VACATIONS Pacific Northwest-Alaska Tour, July 31st. College Tours to Europe, Mediterranean-North Cape. THEY ALL GET IT National Parks-Independent- Conducted Schedules. Many other offerings-REGISTER EARLY . Baker Travel Service 127 N. Dearborn Central 3904 1547 Marquette Bldg., Dearborn-Adams Randolph 3105 Chicago Be Sure to Vote April 13 VOL . NO. MargaretHaley's 15 BULLETIN Chicago, Ill. OAMD 28 April 15, 1926 A Teacher's Prayer ET my heart find contentment LET in my work, and give me faith in the fulfilment of my efforts . Let my sympathies be universal, that I may deal gently with ignorance and have no scorn for stupidity . Teach me tobecome as a little child, that I may better understand my task. Make me to rejoice in the fancies of youth, that my sympa- thies may be warm and tender. Let me understand the rights of child- hood and at all times payhomage to theGoldenRule. Give me wisdom to inspire and a warmth of heart that will make the world of childhood my friend . Forbid that I should mold others to my thought and will . Enable me to inspire others to their own possibilities. Give me grace to serve, fortitude to endure, and a smile that fadeth not in the face of adversity. Give me faith in humanity, and thus in myself,with patience to await the harvest . M.L. Wright, in Journal of N. E. A., January, 1926 00 282 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK the responsibility of recommending a school to your students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us. You will find our courses prepare you so well that much better results will be intensive throughout, and rapid in their preparation obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer. for positions. SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL-Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 - Harrison 1995 When referring students to us-kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. SPARE TIME ART COURSES MARIE VEATCH SCHOOL OF THE DANCE Many of us do not realize what can be accom- Ballet, Character, Clog, Soft Shoe and Charleston plished in SPARE TIME IN ART-do you ? Mon- After studying in Spainwe are prepared to give the latest and day-Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7 to 9:30, most complete also Saturday and Sunday Classes in ART . Pos- sibly we have just the course you have always SPANISH DANCES AND CASTANETTING longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, interior decoration, commercial art, illustration or ? Special Classes for Theatrical Preparation An arrangement has been made by the Marie Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses Veatch School whereby her pupils, after sufficient Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request instruction, are placed on the ORPHEUM CIRCUIT AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART Write for information Downtown South Side 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. Fine Arts Bldg. 5240 Harper Ave. "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School" Wab. 7432 Hyde Park 6176 FINE ARTS BLDG . CHICAGO JUST WHAT YOU WANT How would you like -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of value to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated message on : Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your subscription will be welcomed. $2.00 per year-20c per copy. Send stamps for Your Felt or Straw Hats sample copy. Remember, it's the- ALL - ARTS MAGAZINE Reblocked Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. 63 E. Adams St., Dept. M Chicago, Illinois into up - to- date styles ? Bobbed hair or con- servative styles. Small or extremely large headsizes . We have them. We are manu- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- K of C ing Department has access to the best shapes . Kof RINGS - CHARMS - PINS A trial will convince you of our efficient service. CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO . Manufacturers Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. 707 Capital Bldg., 159 No. State St., Chicago, III. 12 North Michigan Ave. 8th floor Ward Bldg . MACLEAN COLLEGE ofand Music, Dramatic The Most Satisfactory Speech Arts "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. A perfectly equipped miniature theater for practical work PERMANENT WAVE Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Promotional Credits for Teachers Guaranteed to Please DR . J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Director Music Dept. 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Director Speech Arts Dept. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. Phones Central 2551-2552 Res . Park Ridge 1842 This Advertisement and JOHN J. McCORMICK 1105 Ashland Block SHORTHAND REPORTER Chicago Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a New Permanent Wave THE WENZEL WAY $950 Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back SPECIALIZING IN VERBATIM SHORTHAND, 177 North State Street REPORTING OF CLUBS AND MEETINGS. WENZEL, State 1887 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 日 VOL . 3. No. 15 April 15, 1926 Page 283 コ A Page the Spirit of Horace Greeley ! In the light of the communication following, plied. "That word is as plain as print. It's Horace Greeley, probably the best mind and 'unconstitutional'. " worst penman of his generation, did not live Following is the handwriting bulletin re- too soon. Certainly he never would have been ceived in Senior and Junior high schools on recommended for graduation from high April 5, 1926 : 1 school in the terms of the "Ayres' Measuring BULLETIN No. 47 ‫تلا‬ Scale for Handwriting." March 24, 1926 . TO PRINCIPALS OF SENIOR AND JUNIOR HIGH It is written of Horace Greeley that in the SCHOOLS : halcyon days of his hectic journalistic career, The HANDWRITING USED IN THE SCHOOLS, there was but one newspaper compositor who the blackboard writing of teachers and the writing of could read his copy. For a jest, one day, fel- pupils in notebooks and other written exercises, should low workers in the composing room, dipped have careful attention. A copy of the AYRES' “MEASURING SCALE FOR the feet of a hen in printers' ink and drove HANDWRITING" placed in each division room will pro- the hen over pieces of copy paper on the com- vide a helpful standard of attainment. The habitual posing room floor. Gathering up the sheets handwriting of high school pupils should grade 70 or with the hen tracks on them, the foreman gave better on this scale. No one should be recommended for them to the unfailing compositor as Mr. graduation from high school whose writing is below Greeley's copy. The compositor set a para- this grade. graph or so of the hen tracks and then struck Have your Senior Class teacher grade the habitual a "word" which he could not read. Taking handwriting of prospective graduates NOW, using the the paper to Mr. Greeley, he said apolo- AYRES' SCALE. Have a RECORD kept to be com- pared with the writing measured the FIRST WEEK IN getically, " Here sir, is a word I cannot make JUNE. Yours truly, out." WILLIAM J. BOGAN, "You fool," Greeley is alleged to have re- Assistant Superintendent of Schools . IF YOU STOP Woman's Rights "If you stop to consider the work you have In a crowded street car a little girl crowded done in-the mother with a baby in her arms-the And to boast what your labor is worth, father carrying a heavy basket of Christmas dear, Angels may come for you, Willie, my son, things-no room for the little girl-she was But you'll never be wanted on Earth, dear." telling her story, or had started to tell it -Kipling . several times-about grandma, Santa Claus, dolly-every time any one came in they BACK TO THE ARMY AGAIN pushed and crowded her and she would start "Back to 3 R's and Spelling, McAndrew's Plan."- all over again-then some one came in and Headline. shook snow all over her the little childish Isn't it tough on the little tads ? treble voice piped up "Any more mans aint No more foibles and frills and fads ! goin' to step on my toes." That little girl How can we blame ' em if they kick was seen as well as heard and from that time On reading, writing, and ' rithmetic ? on her toes were respected . -Chicago Daily News, December 18, 1925. From the Masthead by The Lookout ( In Gary, Indiana, They Do Not Cut Down Teachers ' Salaries They Just Keep Them Down To the Teachers of Chicago : Chicago teachers may judge what to expect The so-called " Merit" system of salaries es- 1 unless additional revenue is provided by the tablished in 1902, was presented by the Fi- nance Committee of the Board as a necessary Assessing Boards through more equitable as- sessment of property for taxation as de- measure of economy. When the Teachers ' Councils were abolished manded by the teachers , the Board of Educa- two years ago Mr. Mullenbach said that after tion, and the City Council . For the last three years the public school two weeks employment the poorest little but- system of Gary, Indiana-the Steel Trust ton-hole maker in the sewing trades in Chi- mushroom city-has furnished the model for cago has more to say about the conditions the reorganization of the Chicago public under which she works than the Chicago teachers have after twenty- five years teaching school system . Supplemental to the information contained in the Chicago public schools. in the Masthead report in the last Bulletin It was on July 12, 1923, like lightning out the teachers' salary schedule of the City of of a clear sky, that the Chicago newspapers Gary is here presented for the consideration in screaming streamer headlines announced of the Chicago teachers . This is taken from that the Chicago Board of Education was con- the official Circular of Information issued by sidering a nine-hour school day, a six-day school week and an all year-round school the Board of Education of Gary, Indiana , en- -the complete Gary program . The progress : titled "Information Concerning Work-Study- since then toward the complete Gary program Play Schools , Gary, Indiana , 1925-26 . " in the Chicago schools has been marked, and The circular states that by request of the at every step the official records show the rea- teachers of Gary themselves the teachers' rat- son for the reorganization was financial neces- ing was tied up very closely with the salary sity. Teachers who are at the maximum now schedule ; the document shows that it is tied seem to feel that basing salaries on "marks" up very closely with the Platoon System. would not affect them, it would affect only It was not upon the request of the Chicago those in the lower salary group . It did not teachers nor even with their knowledge that work that way in 1902. their rating was first tied up very closely with A striking similarity exists between condi- the salary schedule. It was accomplished on tions in 1902 and in 1926. A salary schedule July 9, 1902, while the teachers were off on for elementary teachers had been adopted their vacations and they had no hint that the four years prior to 1902, with a maximum Board contemplated such action before it was salary of $1,000. When the Board decided in taken. 1902 it could not pay this maximum to all April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 285 teachers of ten years or more experience as THE INEXPERIENCED TEACHER provided, it decided to pay it to a selected few, Teachers entering the organization with no experience the fewer the better, and a so-called " Merit" other than that of practice teaching will, in so far as possible, be given a teaching day somewhat shorter than system of selecting the favored few was that of the teaching day of an experienced teacher. adopted . This shortened teaching day will in no wise change the The elementary teachers present maximum initial salary. Her teaching will be constructively super- was increased from $2,000 to $2,500 four years vised by a training teacher and during the remaining ago. Now comes the threatened shortage in portion of the school day her attention will be given to observation , planning and conferences with the train- revenue with the same ominous signs in the ing teacher. educational sky that teachers in 1902 had not ALL TEACHERS RATED learned to read. That failure and its heart- The Indiana State law requires that all public school . breaking consequences should be a warning to teachers throughout the State be rated annually by giv- Chicago teachers in 1926. ing them a success grade. In Gary, upon the request of the teachers themselves and in order to bring about Excerpts from Circular of Information to Applicants for a wider practical range in the salary schedule, the teach- Teaching Positions issued by Board of Education , ers' rating is tied up very closely with the salary Gary, Indiana. The circular is entitled, "Information schedule . Concerning Work-Study-Play Schools, Gary, Indiana, Each teacher is rated by the building principal and by 1925-26 ." one or more supervisors . The ratings are reviewed by SALARY SCHEDULE the Assistant Superintendent and by the Superintendent. During the school year of 1924-25 the following sched- Preliminary ratings are usually issued about the first of ule on the basis of a ten months' term has been in opera- February. tion. Teachers in considering this schedule should keep Teachers whose rating falls below 93.00 cannot ad- in mind that it is the basal schedule and that there are vance beyond the initial salary on the salary schedule. possibilities of considerable increase above the salaries A rating ranging from 93.00 or above but less than noted, by teaching in the Night School or Saturday 95.00 is regarded as satisfactory, especially for a begin- School and in the Summer School . ning teacher . Kindergarten and Grades One to Eight : A majority of the teachers are rated as entirely satis- PerMo. factory with a range of from 95.00 or above to less than 98.00. Initial salary, no experience ............ $ 100.00 Annual increase 15.00 A teacher who receives a rating of 98.00 or above is Maximum with success rating of 90 to 93 ... 100.00 regarded as a very superior teacher and for salary pur- poses not more than twenty -five per cent of the teachers Maximum with success rating of 93 to 95 ... 150.00 Maximum with success rating of 95 to 98 ... 180.00 are grouped in this class . Maximum with success rating of 98 or above . 240.00 In salary computation, the salary of each teacher is advanced annually on the basis of the annual increment Junior High School : 135.00 until she reaches the maximum within her particular Initial salary, no experience .......... Annual increase 15.00 rating division. WHO SHOULD APPLY Maximum with success rating of 90 to 93 ... 135.00 Maximum with success rating of 93 to 95 ... 165.00 The Work-Study- Play type of organization is at the Maximum with success rating of 95 to 98 ... 195.00 present time one of the most outstanding and con- Maximum with success rating of 98 ...... 285.00 structive experiments in the country. No part of the Senior High School : organization is static. Teachers with an open mind Initial salary, two years ' experience ....... 175.00 and a desire to be placed in an environment where a Annual increase 20.00 real service may be rendered should find here an ex- Maximum with success rating of 93 to 95 ... 215.00 ceptional opportunity. The present corps of teachers Maximum with success rating of 95 to 98 ... 255.00 is decidedly superior and it is only that type of teacher Maximum with success rating of 98 ... 325.00 in which the school is interested. The salaries are Head teachers receive ten dollars additional salary . above the average of those in much of the adjacent ter- ritory and the opportunities are exceptional. THE AVERAGE SALARY Any person who is not willing to throw himself The average salary in Gary during the school year whole -heartedly into this work, who does not desire hard of 1924-25 for kindergarten teachers is $ 1625 ; for work, who does not believe that the school is a social elementary teachers is $ 1720.00 ; for high school teach- institution extending its activities into the community, ers , $ 2410.00 ; and for special teachers , $2161.00. In and who is not particularly interested in the social wel- computing this average only the actual contractual sal- fare of its boys and girls should not apply. ary was considered. In other words, if the additional Teachers who are forward looking , who are inter- amounts paid to teachers for services in the Saturday ested in themselves and their futures, who are ambitious School, the Night School and the Summer School were to display initiative and who are willing to work to included, the average would be considerably higher. realize their ambitions, will find that their application is CREDIT FOR EXPERIENCE ELSEWHERE given very careful consideration. Teachers who have had teaching experience elsewhere will be given credit on the salary schedule within rea- sonable limits on an individual basis. Ma Persons who have had grade school experience will be given preference over those who have not had such experience. MorphA. Haley 286 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 Thirty- Page Document Seems to Have Sprung a Leak Part of Mid- Year Prospectus Spilled by the Wayside ? The thirty page document, otherwise known over at the Tilden High. The document to which I as the "Mid-Year Prospectus," issued by the suppose Miss Haley referred is the one which Mr. Wight read to us. He put to us plainly the needs of the Superintendent, became the subject of discus- schools . I do not remember any reference such as Miss sion at a meeting of the Committee on Schools Haley referred to in which we were told we must sell of the City Council, February 18, 1926. this proposition. We were told that these are the needs At that meeting Mrs. Rueff , a principal , of the school system ; that they may have to close for said that the information contained in the a part of the year 1927 if their revenue is not forth- coming; that they might resort to taking off certain document, would be disseminated to the teach- activities ; and then the alternative of reducing teachers' ers by means of faculty meetings, being trans- salaries may come to them if the schools are to be kept mitted by word of mouth. running for 10 months . Herewith are printed extracts from the ALDERMAN MILLS : That was stated by Mr. Wight, stenographic report of that meeting and of a was it, or read ? subsequent meeting, March 3, 1926, when Mr. MISS RUEFF : Yes . These were the alternatives * * * English, a member of the Board, brought the against putting the referendum to the people coveted document, but said he could not give ALDERMAN MILLS : Pardon me. Did Mr. Wight it to the Committee, although he volunteered give any explanation as to why the principals were not to read it to them. furnished with copies of the document that was read to them ? How much of the original document was MISS RUEFF : There was no question about it. We "spilled" by the wayside, may be gathered did not get those letters at all. from the reading of the following excerpts from the stenographic report about the docu- ALDERMAN NELSON : Mr. Chairman, I have one other question. In the event that this matter that came ment and the purported complete document out in the document read by Mr. Wight to the district itself, a photographic reproduction of which superintendents and principals in that division should is presented on the opposite and succeeding not come out in a forthcoming bulletin, how will you get pages . the information to the teachers ? Some of the most startling statements in the MISS RUEFF : Through our teachers' meetings or Prospectus will be found here on pages 295, faculty meetings. We hold faculty meetings every month. 296 and 297 . MISS HALEY : By word of mouth ? EXCERPTS FROM STENOGRAPHIC REPORT OF MISS RUEFF : Yes, by word of mouth. MEETING OF COMMITTEE ON SCHOOLS , FIRE MISS HALEY : How much is spilled on the way ? AND CIVIL SERVICE OF THE CITY COUNCIL, MISS RUEFF : I don't know. You will have to FEBRUARY 18, 1926. trust us partially, I think . MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, I would like to have MISS HALEY : Mr. Chairman, will Mr. English un- the Committee ask Mr. English on behalf of the Board dertake to secure a copy of that thirty- page document of Education if he will furnish that document. read by the five division superintendents to their district superintendents and principals in which they are told MR. ENGLISH : I will ask for that document, Miss to sell this tax rate increase to the teachers, and they Haley. are told if they do not get this tax rate increase there MISS HALEY : Will you furnish it to this commit- are three propositions they will face-a seven months' tee? school, cutting off all above the 8th grade and below the 1st grade, or a cut in the teachers' salaries. * * * MR. MILLS : I would like to have it. ALDERMAN MILLS : Mr. Chairman, I would like to MR. ENGLISH : If the Committee wants to ask me, ask Mr. Lang whether he has been present at any meet- I shall request Mr. Wight or Mr. McAndrew, it doesn't ings of principals and district superintendents where make any difference, to furnish me with that secret division superintendents read a document a copy of document. If I get it I will turn it over to the Commit- tee. which was not given to the principals and district su- * * perintendents. *** Are any principals present who have been present at such a meeting ? CHAIRMAN BRIESKE : The motion is that this MISS KATHERINE S. RUEFF : We were called to Committee go on record as asking the superintendent the meeting by the division superintendent, Mr. Wight, (Continued on page 295) (Photographic Reproduction) 0 MID-YEAR PROSPECTUS CHICAGO PUBLIC SCHOOLS February 1 , 1926. Το Μ School At the close of the first semester of the school year 1925-1926, the superintendent of schools 12 addressed the division superintendents upon the condition of the schools. My division superintendent has caused me to read it. It emphasizes certain responsibilities upon him and me which so directly concerns you that I recommend it to your study, as it shows what we are to expect and how we may prepare to meet requirements. District Superintendent . TO THE DIVISION SUPERINTENDENTS, CHICAGO PUBLIC SCHOOLS ‫ל‬ January 25, 1926. the elementary schools, while not hurried in the 1. " THE PARTICULAR." test, attempted this sum- 89523 Solomon of Jerusalem, Pythogoras of Samos, 45988 and a long line of thinkers about management 83777 62000 down to our own A. W. Shaw of Chicago tell us 726 to consider what has been done well and to " intend 89451 the mind to particulars in what measure good 86712 may be made better." The "particular " of most Sixty- six per cent of the children secured the moment is not the weekly meeting of the board correct result. Ten per cent of pupils of the same 1 of superintendents, nor the letters, callers, board grade ranked from good to perfect in a test of reports nor office routine pouring over you in a easy reading . Two percent wrote a good hand. bewildering stream, much of it useless. The This was discreditable to Chicago. essential thing is that the teaching in the schools 5. RESPONSE TO CORRECTION . of, each , your own divison, shall produce the most To be pleased at being shown our deficiencies valuable outcome to the country in whose service is not a universal human trait. Therefore the we are . general earnestness with which the Chicago schools responded to the requirement of better 1 2. ACKNOWLEDGMENT . service does all of the respondents great credit. After this or that piece of work or important 6. LATER SHOWINGS . duty done by you I have taken the opportunity (There follow in the superintendent's address to advise you of the result. The fidelity to the various appraisals of results of teaching in the city's interest shown by your industry and care schools of each division superintendent, together has been noted in detail and acknowledged on with opinions that it is not good enough . ) many occasions. I told you no miracles were 7. THE WORK IS NOT EASY . expected, no work of genius, only such a study Any one who realizes how complex and varied and improvement of your divisions as you could a modern public school is with its different grades , crowd into the less important but more insistent its many subjects, its business side, involving the demands which an almost chronic disease of care of the property, the accounts, the records, office blight had developed here with a tendency its pressure from many sides, its demands from to make routine business men out of persons restless citizens, its obligation to consider the elected because of their knowledge of teaching. rapid influx of new research discoveries, and all 3. SUPERVISION OF INSTRUCTION . that, must realize that principals are hard pressed to improve the teaching all along the line. This In spite of no apparent diminution of routine in fact is what schools in most localities are ex- business and supplementary demands , you, and pected to do. We must analyze and simplify the the supervisory officers of your division have to problem if we are to keep up to a satisfactory a gratifying degree applied yourselves to guid- standing. ance of the work of instruction. It has been no 8. CHICAGO HAS MORE DIFFICULTIES easy task . The period during and immediately THAN USUAL . following the war was generally marked by such It is a common observation of those who know various demands and difficulties that supervision different school systems that your task here is was considerably relaxed with a consequent more difficult than is common. Your system has lowering of the training received by the classes. been characterized as having a powerful centri- Along with this naturally came some indifference fugal trend, of showing a strong tendency to pro- to the quality of the schools' output. test against supervision, of developing an explos- 4. THE TESTS OF 1924. ive reaction under criticism, of protesting too In March, 5583 children of the last grade of much. Any diagnosis of poor teaching here has Crane Tech High Print -288 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 2 MID-YEAR PROSPECTUS for the past thirty years expected an indignant de- teaching, indifferent to whether real power is nial. A community fed with crime, stories, excite- gained by the children, is recognized as the weak- ment, and exaggeration is assumed to prefer high- ness of public schools with tenure protection for ly spiced accounts of its schools and school people the teachers. Your division is not safe from this rather than a plain study of needs and proposals weakness . Tenure is too valuable a condition in of remedies . The situation produces so continu- a school system to be endangered by an indiffer- ous a craving for quiet and harmony that not a ence to the results of teaching. My chief business few cautious advisers prefer you to let mediocrity is the "thorough and efficient" service required by rest rather than to put your divisions into excel- law. I require it of you in the divisions assigned lent working order to you . There are few valid reasons why you 9. FACTS AND FIRMNESS . should not secure it. The gains in different schools under your supervision show that good For this reason the system needs not so much teaching is obtainable without injuring children, the old-fashioned sort of theorizing and discus- teachers, or principals. You are to see that the sion as it wants steady scrutiny and recording of poor schools are brought up to grade. results accompanied by placing the responsibility 14. THE PRINCIPAL IS THE DECISIVE squarely upon the principals of the individual FACTOR . schools for their successes and failures . 10. CHICAGO CAN FIND PEOPLE TO PUT For every poor school in this city it is possible to cite a good school with teachers and children AND KEEP THE TEACHING ON HIGH no differently endowed with intelligence than the PLANE . others are . On the principal devolves the credit Your division has now demonstrated that the or the blame. Your principals have to guide standard requirement as to arithmetic, spelling, the activities of the whole school. They haven't writing, reading, lettering, hand work, cleanli- as much administrative assistance as is to be ness, civic conduct, can be done by some principals. found in the schools I knew before I came here . That answers the opposition set up when you Some of the principals have developed notable sent out these requirements. This gives you all success in maintaining successful teaching. Some the sanction you need for the next step ; to make are spending too large a portion of school time clear to any lagging principals that they are to on other than supervision of the class -room work put their schools upon the required footing or in their own schools. Some know how to get a to give way to others who can. The results of wasteful teacher into efficient service. Some do the sampling-day tests and the records of your not seem to know what their schools are doing. successful schools offset all arguments to show 15. IT IS THE PRINCIPAL'S DUTY, NOT that the work can't be done. It is being done YOURS , TO SUPERVISE TEACHERS . without damage to any child and teacher. The Over and over I hear suggestions that some city is paying for this kind of work. You are put one other than the principal should call the in charge of divisions for the purpose of get- teachers together and tell them how to do this ting it. or that. Voluntary meetings of teachers to listen 11. RESULTS ARE PERMANENT . to some good lessons on teaching will probably Our obligation to the city is not so much to always be of value in school systems but in the present situation are not the chief need. Your be able to report that we are faithfully going through the proper forms of service as to deliver personal knowledge and that obtained by your a human output which can, in the situations sure district superintendents as to results, your prin- to come, perform adequately the tasks for which čipals' actual observations and encouragement of teachers' service are the main means of preserv- the school is organized to train. Saith the Koran : "As for him that looketh not to results, fortune ing good teaching. A loose charge that the shall not attend him . " system can not adequately show results, and is too content with mere assertion of its own excel- 12. GOING THROUGH THE MOTIONS. lence is a fallacy of a serious nature. But John Wanamaker as a boy was one day left generalities about the condition of the schools of in charge of a store while the proprietor went on a district are being supplanted by measurable a long errand. John sprinkled and swept the evidences of improvement. A large number of floor, set the display out in front, received cus- principals are showing by incontrovertible facts tomers courteously, and answered all the questions that they are producing high-grade results . asked. He felt blessed by the consciousness of 16. THOROUGH AND EFFICIENT . duty faithfully done. In the afternoon the pro- Over and over again we are confronted with prietor returned. "Well, John, how much did you the demand of the state constitution that we sell ? " The boy was nonplussed. He had sold maintain a "thorough and efficient" school system. nothing. It flashed upon him with a never-to-be- forgotten shock, that the main test of a salesman In the words of one of our former superintendents " it is not enough that some of our schools are is his sales . superior. The weaker schools must be brought to 13 . INDIFFERENCE TO RESULTS . thoroughness and efficiency . " No desire for per- Satisfaction with going through the forms of sonal popularity on the part of any of us, no dread April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 289 = MID -YEAR PROSPECTUS 3 of being disliked, no pressure of secondary things the teaching of arithmetic and you address your- such as office work, or addressing clubs, can be self to their correction ; you show how they may allowed to delay the putting of the entire teach- be removed. A few weeks later you attend a ing service on the "thorough and efficient" basis . school dinner at which some would-be smart poet Every day those who are being taught are grow- ridicules your suggestions while the auditors ing older. The opportunities neglected by us are vociferously applaud. It has the same effect as lost to them beyond recall. church members telling profane stories about 1 17 . ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY. ministers : implies that the poetester and his au- You have increased the value of exercises in dience are shirkers, content with poor workman- ship and unable to take this most serious of all arithmetic. Our canvass of taxpayers establish callings seriously. These are the folks who wreck the fact that a large number of intelligent citizens salary adjustments and referendums . They set E are dissatisfied with the output of the schools in the pattern for the contempt which still hovers the matter of reliability. Over and again I hear over teaching while the professionally-minded "not only do the children miscalculate and mis- public servants are having their own work un- spell but they show no chagrin when their errors are discovered." This canvass refers to children necessarily increased in their effort to give it dignity, value, and adequate pay. who left school before you concentrated on curing these two defects . You have made a fine start. 19. MOTIVE . You have made clear that principals are to have In so many classes arithmetic has become an their teachers discover the inaccurate computists enjoyable exercise in hitting the mark that you and poor spellers, to analyze the specific defects, can prove that the motive of self reliance, trust- and to apply remedial measures. You have estab- worthiness, persistence, and enjoyment of power, lished in school, as has long been the rule in first are essential in arithmetic work. You are class organizations out of school, that every com- justified in requiring these motives to be plainly putist must reach a correct result, and must evident in every arithmetic lesson in the public himself know by his own proof that the " answer " schools of your division. Where these inspiring is right. You need to investigate and correct in motives are absent and the barren formalism of many schools a wasteful situation in which the arithmetic is evident, the principal should be put teacher allows the rapid pupils who have worked to repairing the defect. The increase of time or and proved their problems to have nothing to do of home work for arithmetic, the fatiguing of chil- while waiting idly for the slow child who is hunt- dren by this subject, is unnecessary and a sign of ing for his error. The notion that all the mem- of poor teaching . I have heard reports of these bers of a class must be doing identical things defects but have not found them in any of the simultaneously was exploded years ago . Set a numerous classes I have visited. On the contrary proper period for arithmetic. Pass out enough I have found the work decidedly entertaining to work for the most rapid and see that each one the children. If you can secure a general enjoy- does an amount adapted to his power, each one ment of getting right results in arithmetic and the taking all the time necessary to do the work cor- corresponding dissatisfaction in a wrong one, you rectly, always, every time, and by some effective have hit the right motive. means or other shown that the correct completion 20. CHANGE OF EMPHASIS . is as essential as digestion is to eating . You have been in charge of your divisions 18 . NEGATIONS . under the reorganization for twenty-two months . During the year you have heard old men say Your office hours and stated conferences as a that you can't demand perfection of human beings . board of superintendents are as well known as This is the cheapest kind of nonsense. I got per- they are likely to be. Your intent to maintain fect courtesy in the school I visited yesterday ; intimate contacts with the actual work of your I heard children spell words perfectly, little tots divisions by personal inspections of the teaching of seven added five and three and secured a per- and by purposive meetings with your supervisors fect answer. You often hear perfect music, eat and district superintendents has shown itself. perfect meals, read perfect poems . The human This responsibility for the success of the teach- heart hungers for perfection. To satisfy it in ing in your divisions is now understood and is to many school subjects is not only not impossible continue to show results . The advertisement of but nothing else will do. The Good Book doesn't responsibility of principals , then of district super- mince words about it but says "Be thou therefore intendents to settle matters belonging to the perfect." The longer anybody delays himself by school or district, has been printed often and long objecting, the more ashamed he is when he hears enough for your clerks to use the usual acknowl- his "can't be done" drowned out by the hurrahs edgment and transmission blank forwarding to of those who are doing it. You have here a form principals , for settlement, letters from parents of holdback that is silly and childish; a tendency and teachers covering matters not previously of some light-minded person to turn into a joke referred to principals , and forwarding to district certain incompetences for which they should be superintendents letters which appeal from prin- ashamed. You find, for instance, stupidities in cipals' decisions . Your main value is now 290 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 4 MID-YEAR PROSPECTUS improvers of the human output of the school. useless things through custom. Modern manage- Your means of improving it depend on your ment rejects useless details no matter how knowing what it is and by what means the best customary they have become. A test is a method of it has been made the best. This you are get- of discovering whether you have done your work ting from your personal inspection and from the well-whether you have managed right. When reports of your inspectors . you find that the product is coming out right and 21. CAN'T PLAY SCHOOL ANY MORE . the management which makes it right is con- When you and I as children left the elemen- tinuing to manage, there is no use wasting time tary school, the open spaces , the free land, the in testing. Management, unless its purpose be dearth of educated competitors , gave us a much kept always in view, degenerates into red tape better chance of living than the public-school boy which does not manage at all. The private office of today will have, unless he is better trained with all of its paraphernalia is a good deal of a than too many of them are now. "Today the time-waster. Managers must know what is go- frontier is gone. We have passed the peak of ing on and not sit in an office waiting for some productivity in several national resources ; our one to send in a written communication about what riotious youth of squandering with a reckless is happening. The best office for a manager is hand is over. National middle age is upon us. under his hat. Management is interlocking. Ex- We begin to look forward with an anxious eye to clusive responsibility is undesirable. Instead of a time where we shall need to count the pennies divided responsibilities, united responsibilities are as carefully as any European." The average out- needed. The business of management is to man- put at our sampling day, the lack of spontaneous age . " That is a good analysis for an educational acclaim from our intelligent public, show that superintendent to study and to live up to . The appreciation of the need of better teaching here time- eaters who waste the days of educational has lagged. Burnham thinks the American officials will be less wasteful of us if we are out school people have only played school so far. in the plant where the work is being done. It 22. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT . is a good plan to keep account of the amount of time spent in the places where the contact of the It is thirty-six years since Mr. Bruce began issuing his school-board journal, insisting that minds of pupils and teachers is. Everything other public education is business and must be run on than the teaching and learning processes is suplementary. scientific business principles . Supervision has had many positive opponents. A review of the 23. YOUR RECORDS . current educational books and periodicals shows The accounts you keep of your divisions so as emphasis on supervision, the adoption of the to save waste of sittings and assignments of methods of successful business accepted as the teachers , to secure adequate and punctual important fact in improving school service. Our attendance of workers and of pupils are essentials fear of being factorized, mechanized, and sys- of management but all are supplementary to tematized is instinctive and a valuable safe- the main question whether the teaching is good guard-Liberty is cherished. Everyone of us who or not. The same is true of the records of your ' accepts public money gives up a portion of his district superintendents and supervisors . How liberty and binds himself to work not independ- "thorough and efficient" to use the words of the ently but co-operatively in a system which educational law is the teaching ? To answer that imposes restraints of various sorts as to conduct, for your division you need to devise and keep your employment of time, and obligation to directions most important records. from others. To try to work otherwise is as awk- 24. FOLLOW UP . ward as to go to Urbana without using the roads . Every organization which is planned to se- The sensible thing to do is to employ, in reach- cure results devotes its energies, not only to plans ing our objective, such applicable methods as for maintaining and increasing efficiency, but to other purposive organizations , hospitals, nurser- continuous follow-up of such plans to see that the ies, libraries, etc., have employed. Mr. Shaw * efficiency comes to pass . Our business has a has recently made a new study of progressive handicap from frequent protests against inter- methods . " The greatest accomplishments of the ference with academic freedom. We get it from first quarter of this century is the development universities. But a common weakness fre- of a scientific professional spirit, a higher morale, quently cited against university practice is failure a spirit of service, co-operation. We have been to find waste effort and neglect of thorough teach- learning to manage. We cannot get anywhere ing. Follow -up methods are not condemnations without the kind of management which extends of laziness and neglect. You know that your from the smallest detail to the whole purpose of principals are not lazy and neglectful. Your staff what you are about. With management all meetings disclose a real intent of principals to processes are part of the same function. Man- devise and pursue methods of administration agement is not something in an office building aimed at results . Follow-up is to keep the man- away from the product; it starts from the product agement and teaching concentrated upon the and works back and uses supplementary details results which the law and the wishes of the com- to make the product better. We all do many munity propose as requisites of school service , (*) A. W. Shaw, " The Underlying Trend. " April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 291 MID- YEAR PROSPECTUS 5 Follow-up is necessary to educate new principals with tables at which what marking of papers as and teachers to the main purpose of the public was necessary was done by companies of teachers schools , and to hold all principals to such a line in a few minutes after the close of school . He unswerved by the multitudinous projects of had a less wearied corps of teachers as a result. educational writers. You need to concentrate You have read accounts of studies made as to the upon most desirable effects rather than to scatter small results obtainable from elaborate marking over the whole field of human endeavor . of numerous papers. "Better a fresh teacher 25. MEETINGS . and enthusiasm than completeness withal". 28. SPEED . You saw Ernest Horn show by his graphs In our conferences looking toward habit- the rapid disappearance of ideas from the mind ual accuracy in every computation, we in the course of a few days and heard him suggested that speed be not urged at the expense describe the methods by which essentials are of correctness . Horn holds that speed in reading kept in mind. Most of what I say here will 、 improves it. I observe much surprising slowness evaporate in a few weeks unless revived from in getting to work, finding the page, finding the time to time with interest. I know of no efficient word in the dictionary. Can you get your people schooling that neglects staff meetings. It is ad- to discriminate where speed is helpful and where, vantageous to attend the district superintendents as in certain situations requiring thought, com- meetings and to help keep alive the large object- parison of ideas, reflection, selection, speed is ives and ideals. The principals use all methods subversive ? of supervision : observation of teaching, giving 29. INSPECTION OF A SCHOOL. model lessons, individual conferences , section meetings , staff meetings, bulletins, tests by teach- Your conferences have developed a type of ers, tests by principals, inspection of written work, inspection procedure which is designed nat only to give you the facts but to help the principal. inspection of teachers' plans. What principals The inspector reports himself to the principal and are so apologetic for their staff meetings that registers in the book. He makes note of the names they hold them only in hastily snatched moments of teachers whose work the principal wishes ap- from the noon hour ? What principals plan and praised. He observes, examines records, and conduct teachers' meetings with the productive tests work of these teachers and of others here results of the best " teachers institutes" ? This and there throughout the grades, so as to get a is desirable information for you to have and to sampling of the school. He does not teach the transmit to me teachers nor make reports to them. His confer- 26. PLAN BOOKS . ence is with the principal whose management he It is time to look into the use of plan books appraises on the basis of results. Some school- in your division. We have not required any uni- masters get excellent results with very little vis- formity of style, size or shape. Some of them ible machinery. Some are good at making plans completely subserve the purpose of ( a ) an in- but so remiss at follow-up that the plans do not telligent preparation (b ) a record of accomplish- ripen. The main purpose of school inspection is ment (c ) a time saver in the hands of a substitute to observe and record the effects of the teaching as when the regular teacher is absent. Some are disclosed by measurement tests. The records of more elaborate than necessary, too wordy. Some these should be transmitted speedily to the prin- principals are using up valuable energy by in- cipals concerned and used for encouragement and specting of plan books in their offices. I recom- correction of teaching . You should get away mend this use : Let the principal visit the class from the idea that those who inspect are teachers room and ask for the plan book and use it as a of teachers-that is the function of the principal. guide for an acquaintance with the progress of the Inspection by one outside the school is to supply children by asking them questions. This is much you and the principal with facts from which to more interesting than his fatiguing inspection of determine the efficiency of management and to written plans in the absence of teacher and chil- better it. dren. It lifts a plan book out of the formalism 30. MUSIC . into which it easily falls . I wish you would see that your principals are 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORK . supplied with the formulation of what the Na- The requirement of regular submission of tional Association of Public-School Music teachers pupils' written work, drawings, sewing , etc., al- say the pupils in the public schools should be most universally employed by principals does able to do . After the Cincinnati convention of tend to keep penmanship, arithmetic, etc. , to a Superintendents , Feb., 1925, some of our princi- higher standard. The examination and rating pals expressed the desire of wresting the musical. of such specimens all by one's self is severely supremacy from the schools of that city. Chicago , fatiguing. But a checking of such work in the outside of school , is certainly blessed with a mu- presence of the children or the teachers is much sical atmosphere. The special teachers of music less wearing. I recall a school from which the are well prepared. The principals more generally principal permitted teachers to take no papers should follow up the music teaching to keep the home to mark. There was a good-sized room children on a footing comparable with the time 292 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 6 MID-YEAR PROSPECTUS and money we spend on music. The number of The guide lines could be suggested for the poor- children in the upper grades unable to render est letterers until they can do well enough without simple selections , afraid of their own voices, is lines . The ability to do hand-lettering has been amazing. Correct it. listed among the accomplishments of Chicago schools for years. But if it is worth teaching it 31. COURAGE . is worth using. Therefore, use it in such situa- In some of your schools if you ask a child to tions as in headings, diagrams , and maps. Get it let the assembly hear how a given melody goes he as a free-hand rapid habit and have it done will render it naturally and without nervousness . reasonably well. Don't make a ceremony of it. If you say to him tell the school what you know about Wacker drive , he will speak clearly, natu- 35. REPETITION OF GRADES . rally and as a matter of course, girls even more You need to get the facts as to what readily than boys, but the number who fail to principals and teachers are failing to pre- rise to such a situation is unjustifiably large. pare the pupils for steady promotion.. The Public schooling, without destroying the charm- reason more money is paid for teaching than ing modesty of youth, should give our boys and needs be paid for giving out lessons is that girls enough courage and self reliance to be able "teaching ability" commands a higher price than to control fear and nervousness in such situations mere tallying. By teaching ability is meant as you can easily specify in your communication that power of securing application and success to your divisions. A public-school graduate must in pupils which will entitle them to promotion. have self-reliance and courage. You are obligated to employ teachers with this ability and to dispense with those who fail to 32. BABYING . show it. If a principal is unable with a reason- The affection shown by your teachers to their able share of his time from other duites to show chilldren is one of the most admired characteris- a teacher how to acquire teaching ability he must tics of present-day schools. When it takes the take steps to secure for the teacher freedom form of assuming so much of a child's thinking to enter other employment. To permit the waste and doing that he gets insufficient exercise to de- of the lives of children and of the community's velop his mind and will, this grandmothering is money through poor teaching is not only the smothering . You, your district superintendents, worst of management but a negligent dishonesty report it over and over. You set a task before a that is scandalous. There has grown up here a class ; it is a good stiff project and what children fallacy that the schools should be run to give em- of that age should be able to perform ; the good- ployment to us, and in the case of doubt the natured gentlewoman in charge of the children benefit of it should be given us, the employees . takes all the vigor out of the task by her kindly No private school, no public service, runs on that help. Try to increase the exercises in which the basis. It is an absurdity. Don't tolerate it in youngsters rely on their own resources at the your divisions. Be fair to your children and their moment . This "at the moment" is important; it parents. If you try to take over into the school means while the teacher is present ; it certainly system the function of the public charity agencies does not mean the old game of sending children you do damage to both. without sufficient guidance to hunt donkey 36. FREEDOM . feathers through some library or putting the schools into bad repute by complaints of parents With a more definite formulation of what is that the teacher refuses help of all kinds. When to be secured, the way of securing it can properly you find a school that keeps too many swaddle be left to the principals, who in turn, recognize bands on its young hopefuls get the principal to that in teachers' methods there is much variety devise more exercises to put responsibilities on which is an advantage rather than otherwise . pupils . But freedom in teaching is not an end in itself. We are not permitted freedom in the results of 33. WINDOW BREAKING . grammar or spelling, or mathematics or science. The recommendations of a selected group of A method of teaching which almost universally principals who have practical ideas on the edu- has failed to secure as good results as some other cation of young citizens to protect their city's method can not be permitted to continue because property are now available . Your schools should it is a teacher's favorite. The principal must be listed and kept track of as to success in this avoid letting the pupils' minds be wasted by dis- line. You, through district superintendents, carded processes. On the other hand if a teacher should push this reform gets good results by her own method why bother 34. FORMALISM . her? We suggested that ability to put hand-lettered 37. TEACHER PARTICIPATION. headings at the top of written work, etc. , is a Chicago has a great deal of discussion about worth-while accomplishment but some, even 8-A councils . Every principal's staff meeting can be teachers, so late as the fourth month of the term, a council. Every principal who has discussed his require their children to use ruler and guide lines meetings with me has indicated that the opinions for what by this time should be free-hand work. of teachers are vital and valuable. But every April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 293 MID -YEAR PROSPECTUS 7 principal knows that common sense and the rules to invite and graciously to receive specific criti- of the Board hold him responsible for the conduct cisms from your divisions as to any requirements of his school. If he, as the majority of them do, you make. The danger of driving too hard will organizes committees of teachers and thereby im- not be real if you can impress upon your people proves school service, so much the better, but the great truth told by Hammerton, "Weariness that is his affair. He can not evade responsibil- comes from drudgery; produce what is worth ity by passing it over to a council. The school while and you'll not be tired." Remember the is the accepted unit in our system. The respon- observation of the rector of the College de France, sibility which must be placed on the principal must "They are young who work hard and have a good be paralleled by adequate authority. If you per- time." suade a principal to use more of the participating 40. OBSTACLES . council idea than he is now using, you may be Your path is obstructed by hindrances pecu- doing him a benefit. But to require him, or to let liar to the locality. Opposition to improving the a majority vote of principals, or to have a rule of teaching is more vocal here than elsewhere ; the Board of Education, require him to have a there is less help from the public; the local press council manage his school seems to me to invite is not unanimous in a policy of support for good a dispersal of responsibility in so scattered a schooling. Principals resent the tendency of spread as to contravene experience and to pre- some newspaper writers to twist, ridicule, and lie vent the service for which the school funds are raised.. about school affairs. School people have asked that reporters be excluded on this account from 38. PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT IN school meetings. Suggestion of fighting, pro- SERVICE. testing, disagreements, etc., exaggerated to make The situation has been somewhat beclouded a " story " are so little benefit to the town or the here in times past by advertisement of pretended school that a large number of members in your cross-purposes between supervisors and " the division have abandoned the idea of working for teachers ." Every teacher I have met is fully as publicity. It is a common remark among citizens desirous as supervisors are to give to Chicago that publicity of the brand which is current here the ablest human output the schools can deliver. and the favorite with the purveyors of it hurts the Some of the newspapers are fond of suggesting schools more than it helps. If you want to give that "the teachers" are rebellious . You found out news you are, of course, free to do so. News- only two in the past school year and none in the papers generally have repudiated "publicity" past semester. Here and there an ancient and material. You can't impose it on the, editors ; honorable has been professionally asleep for many they don't want it, years like the one who told you the only profes- 41. CRITICISM. sional book known to her was Page's Theory You should be thankful for the abundance of and Practice, 1847. But the encouragement of ready critics concerning themselves with school study which principals are affording by the cir- affairs . They make it impossible for you to go culating educational libraries for teachers in the wrong. With so many persons carrying search schools , if you extend it through the schools of lights , lanterns, candles, and matches, your route your division, will advance us toward the condi- is illuminated. On the whole, it is a good pro- tion of physicians and engineers who would not tection . dare to confess ignorance of the current books and periodicals of their callings. Many school 42. INTERRUPTIONS . systems now require reports from all their mem- You have steadied attendance upon the main bers on a designated number of professional books duty in the schools. Be sure the temptations per annum. I doubt whether the laggards in to leave the chief task in order to work for refer- this respect are more than a handful. You can't, endum and other good things do not justify after electrifying your lines continue to run slackening the advancement. You must not stop horse cars on the tracks. It holds back too many the trains for the purpose of mining coal. The people. passengers must be served. 39. CROWDING TOO FAST. 43. COMPLIMENT. There have been a few, not ill-natured, ex- Your prompt recognition of successful effort pressions from the principals that I am expecting on the part of this or that member of your divi- them to step ahead somewhat more rapidly than sion has proved good pyschology. The Creator they have been accustomed to. You have some himself saw that his work was good. To feed excellent schools whose principals take to heart a whole army on indiscriminate praise is disas- every urge to speed up, yet who are already trous, as Gravelotte, Metz and Sedan plainly ahead of other good schools, and, in some cases , proved. Our calling has been given a great deal working too hard. Let them know that you do of sentimental praise to balance the poor pay not include them in any general urge you may given it. Apparently, teachers and principals express as the results of your observation of welcome the change. The committee of principals Sampling Day, January 23, 1923. And continue which made their report on ratings was positive 294 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 8 MID-YEAR PROSPECTUS that we need less subjective and more factual to pretend that a superintendent of schools standards . wants to be made a personage and have his pic- 44. CAUTION . ture in the paper. This is despised by real school- After all, the problem resolves itself into the masters . They know that educational measures proper use of time. The measure of success in are devised and perfected by conference, mutual school management is what can be done in terms assistance, cooperation. To hitch any one name of ninety-eight days, without excitement, worry, to an emeritus rule or a salary schedule or to or interference with the calm and orderly con- any other cooperative project is to hark back duct of life. Drives , revivals, spurts, are out of to the old colony days when we all lived under the question. Twelve years of public schooling the king. Break it up as much as you can. This should overwork no child. A hundred ninety six is OUR school system, not yours nor mine. The days a year required service in the presence of bulk of the important work is done by teachers. classes with adequate outside preparation for It is absurd to put the credit for advance so as to it is not, as work goes, an unusual strain on chil- omit mention of them. This isn't buncombe; it's dren or teachers. The community has the right common knowledge. In following directions it to demand of us that we keep ourselves in good should be because the ends to be attained are de- trim, cheerful, industrious , recreated, and sirable not because " The superintendent wants refreshed, not overloading our children, but form- you" to do this or that. New York used to ing in them and in ourselves habits and skills of abound with " Mayor Hylan's committees" on benefit to the community which we serve . every conceivable subject. Most of us lost a good 45. THE SORROWFUL. deal of enthusiasm for whatever good cause a committee sponsored if the European style of Chicago, according to the testimony of those naming the committee after a personage was who have known it long, has one of the most adopted. The "plague of personality" should be well rehearsed anvil choruses of any school exorcised. Push a thing because it's good not to system in the world. Small in numbers though give the credit to some person. it be, it has tired out the patience even of experienced newspaper editors. It attempts 48. PLANNING . to inject a minor dirge into what is naturally I wish you would jot down a working scheme the merriest and most interesting of callings. for an immediate beginning of such of these It is unfortunate that the ever-ready letter writer projects as are most needed in your division and of this sort advertises to the public that our men get such of your principals as do not record their and women are protesters , complainers and agenda to do so. It is almost universal practice whiners, when a trip through the schools show the of people who hold responsible positions involv- prevailing note to be that of cheerful desire to ing the management of others. It is one of the serve the public. These unhappy ones alienate best aids to managing one's professional affairs the citizens on whom the schools must depend for and a safeguard against being managed by details the adjustment of funds essential for carrying on. instead of managing them . No other organization would risk retaining such 49. SUMMARY. debilitating elements when so many more willing applicants are seeking admission. Give them Here, then, is the program for the immediate warning and if they continue their deleterious future. Hold on to the gains that you have made injection of grief and woe into a service whose in reliable arithmetic, habitual penmanship, and success depends on good-natured cooperation, good spelling. Push your intelligent reading-and- bring them before the Board to determine their thinking exercises. Perfect your civic teaching, value . stop window smashing, suppport your definite music- teaching practice. Promote exercises for 46. MERIT . self- reliance in pupils, encourage definite plans A good way to show that complaining and by principals, follow up, record results of teach- lagging doesn't belong in public school service is ing in separate schools, fix responsibility, reduce to make your recommendations for promotions in repeaters , bring your poor schools up to your the department depend on success in the essential best, and keep yourselves and everybody fit. This fundamental results. Be able to show by facts does not overload anybody. It is not adding new who your productive school workers are and things. It is doing the old things effectively. It recommend them to me with the demontrable is not removing anybody's initiative or regiment- reasons . This should help disabuse any who hold ing his thought. It permits any method that it, of the suspicion that the word of an influential teaches results . Anaximander of Miletus left friend will avail in securing advancement . Put many maxims , none more suited to the present the merit system into inevitable practice. circumstances than this one. They say that when 47. MEASURES NOT MEN . he sang some children laughed at him, whereat, You have done well in breaking down much of instead of becoming angry or ceasing to sing, he the old monarchial tradition that led to feeding said: " We must then sing better for the sake of a superintendent a Canute diet of allegation of the children." importance. There is still discoverable a tendency W. McANDREW April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 295 = Thirty-Page Document ( Continued from page 286) ENRICI'S is famous no less for a copy of that document. All those in favor of that motion say aye. Motion carried. * H for the enduring and deep CHAIRMAN BRIESKE : Shall we address a letter to friendships it has won than the Board of Education or by word of mouth? 1 MR. ENGLISH : I think it would be wise in addition for the quality of the foods to this verbal request to address a letter to us. it serves and for the great THE SECRETARY : To whom ? volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- MR . ENGLISH : You address a letter to me and address one to Mrs. Greggs, the only members here. day, before the matinee, it is the great 1 WHEREUPON the meeting adjourned. central meeting place. 1 EXCERPTS FROM STENOGRAPHIC REPORT OF MEETING OF COMMITTEE ON SCHOOLS, FIRE 1 AND CIVIL SERVICE OF THE CITY COUNCIL, MARCH 3 , 1926. 1 The meeting was called to order at 11:10 o'clock by 1 Chairman Brieske, 11 Aldermen present. 1 Following is the record of proceedings, which took place just before adjournment at one o'clock. THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. English, have you that doc- HENRICI'S WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT ument that we requested? MR . ENGLISH : Yes, I have it, Mr. Chairman. I suppose it does not come up at this time until this 67 W. Randolph St. motion is disposed of. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets THE CHAIRMAN : Well, I just thought that it would be all right to turn it over to the Committee. MR . ENGLISH : No, I cannot turn it over to you, Alderman, until after the meeting of the Board of Education this afternoon, but if you want to listen to Showing NEW SPRING MATERIALS it, I will read every word. ESTABLISHED Chicago's Only TED INCORPORA SILKS 1900 ALDERMAN NELSON : Let it come up under the Exclusive Upstairs Silk and Woolen motion Alderman Cronson is going to make. Store WOOLENS ឈ VELVETO THE CHAIRMAN : Very well. Eleventh Floor :: Stevens Building ALDERMAN NELSON : Now do you want to make No Connection with Any Other Store of Similar Name that motion, Alderman Cronson ? ALDERMAN CRONSON : Yes, I want to make my motion. SPRING OPENING ALDERMAN MILLS : I second the motion. Kittner Fashion Shop ALDERMAN NELSON : What is the motion ? Now presenting a variety of compelling styles for Spring, in ALDERMAN MILLS : The motion was made. COATS, SUITS and DRESSES ALDERMAN CRONSON : Let the Secretary read it. in all leading fashions. Dearborn 3467 THE SECRETARY : The motion I have was that the 914-916 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. Committee set a date to invite the Superintendent of Schools and the officers of the Principals' Club to go before the Committee and go into this and have a full hearing on the subject of the information which they MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN are giving out to the people. ALDERMAN CRONSON : That the schools will im- MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher mediately have to close if this does not go on the ballot. On the objection of Alderman Arvey that the motion MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten was out of order it was withdrawn. months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, ALDERMAN NELSON : Let me say this to Alder- 15 Cents. man Arvey and Alderman Cronson, that if these activi- LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ties and manipulations do not cease now, I will bring in a resolution on the floor of the council. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of [The Meeting adjourned at 1 o'clock. The 30-page MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American document was not read nor presented to the Commit- Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago tee.] Phone Central 3904 (Continued on page 296) 296 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 EXCERPTS FROM MID- YEAR FOR TEACHERS PROSPECTUS 2 Delightful All-Expense Tours Thirty- Page Document April 23rd-May 2nd SUPERVISION OF INSTRUCTION * * *-The period during and immediately following the war was RAILWATER TOUR generally marked by such various demands and diffi- TO culties that supervision was considerably relaxed with a consequent lowering of the training received by the Savannah, New York and NiagaraFalls classes. Along with this naturally came some indif- via St. Louis and Birmingham ference to the quality of the schools' output. * * * 2000 Mile Rail Trip • 63 Restful Hours at Sea [Page 1.] Provides for one person in lower berth In March, 5583 children of the last grade of the ele- $13900 and includes sightseeing trips and all necessary expenses; charge for two per- sons in lower berth, each $12.00 less and mentary schools, while not hurried in the test, at- tempted this sum: from Chicago other accommodations in proportion. 89523 45988 SPRING VACATION TOUR 83777 to the Beautiful 62000 726 MississippiGulf Coast and New Orleans 89451 2000 Miles through the Charming “ Old South" 86712 Charge for one person in lower berth; Sixty percent of the children secured the correct $10835 two persons in lower berth, each $12.00 less proportionate charges for other accommodations. Includes nine meals , result. Ten percent of the pupils of the same grade from Chicago sightseeing trips, and all other expenses. ranked from good to perfect in a test of easy reading. For circular outlining complete details of each tour Two percent wrote a good hand. This was discreditable phone or address * * * W. G. FERSTEL, District Passenger Agent to Chicago. [Page 1. ] Illinois Central Railroad, 208 So. La Salle St. Phones:Wabash 1164, 1165, 1166, 1167, Chicago, Ill. CHICAGO HAS MORE DIFFICULTIES THAN * * USUAL *-Your system has been characterized Illinois Central THE ROAD OF TRAVEL LUXURY as having a powerful centrifugal trend, of showing a strong tendency to protest against supervision, of de- veloping an explosive reaction under criticism, of pro- * * * testing too much. [Page 1. ] CHICAGO CAN FIND PEOPLE TO PUT AND To Any Chicago School Teacher : ΚΕΕΡ THE TEACHING ON HIGH PLANE-Your division has now demonstrated that the standard re- Dear Madam : quirement as to arithmetic, spelling, writing, reading, Quality and Service have always been lettering, hand work, cleanliness, civic conduct, can be our MOTTO and shall continue to be done by some principals. That answers the opposition so, with all possible improvement in set up when you sent out these requirements. This Permanent Waving. Your patronage gives you all the sanction you need for the next step; is appreciated, and we shall be pleased to make clear to any lagging principals that they are to put their schools upon the required footing or to to save you any time by appoint- give way to others who can. * * [Page 2. ] * ment. The Felix Coune System of INDIFFERENT TO RESULTS-Satisfaction with Permanent Waving gives going through the forms of teaching indifferent to Natural Lasting Waves . Stead- whether real power is gained by the children, is recog- FELIXCONE fast , Faithful Service since nized as the weakness of public schools with tenture protection for teachers . Your division is not safe from 1916 gives us the name of this weakness. Tenure is too valuable a condition in LEADER - and appreciation a school system to be endangered by an indifference to * * * of the public. the results of teaching . [Page 2. ] Felix Coune Permanent Waving System Co. MOTIVE * * *-The increase of time or of home- 307 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Ill. work for arithmetic, the fatiguing of children by this subject, is unnecessary and a sign of poor teaching. I have heard reports of these defects but have not found them in any of the numerous classes I have visited. On 56 Years In The Fur Business!! I KNOW FUR the contrary I have found the work decidedly entertain- Why take chances with moths each Summer. OurFur Storage Vaults, of specialconstruction , ing to the children. If you can secure a general enjoy- have been designed to eliminate every possible ment of getting right results in arithmetic and the worry. F. RANKE FUR CO . corresponding dissatisfaction in a wrong one, you have * * * Second floor Capitol Bldg. hit the right motive. [Page 3. ] 159 N. State St. Dearborn 5831 * * BUSINESS MANAGEMENT *-A review of April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 297 Thirty -Page Document E The the current educational books and periodicals shows emphasis on supervision, the adoption of the methods of successful business accepted as the important fact FRANK SHOP in improving school service. Our fear of being factor- ized, mechanized and systematized is instinctive and a 14 S. Wabash * * * Π valuable safeguard -Liberty is cherished. [Page 4. ] Offering This Beautiful INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORK * * * CAPECOAT 1 I recall a school from which the principal permitted teachers to take no papers home to mark. There was a good sized room with tables at which what marking of papers as was necessary was done by companies of teachers in a few minutes after the close of schools . * ** [Page 5. ] At 5950 * * INSPECTION OF A SCHOOL *-The main purpoe of school inspection is to observe and record Of very fine charmeen, the effects of the teaching as disclosed by measurement trimmed with natural * * tests. * [Page 5. ] squirrel. * * TEACHER PARTICIPATION *-Chicago A special discount will be has a great deal of discussion about Councils. Every principal's staff meeting can be a council. Every prin- given teachers, even though cipal who has discussed his meetings with me has indi- our high standards of qual- cated that the opinions of teachers are vital and ity and our close margin of valuable. But every principal knows that common profit scarcely make it nес- essary!! sense and the rules of the Board hold him responsible T for the conduct of his school. If he, as the majority of them do, organizes committees of teachers and thereby improves school service, so much the better, but that is his affair. He can not evade responsibility Five points of interest, neces- by passing it over to a council. The school is the ac- sary for foot comfort, found in cepted unit in our system. The responsibility which SOCKET - FIT SHOES A close- fitting instep, which, must be placed on the principal must be paralleled by when laced up, forms a bandage adequate authority. If you persuade a principal to about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- use more of the participating council idea than he is The flexible construction which exer- cises and strengthens the muscles- now using, you may be doing him a benefit. But to The soles which are moulded exactly to require him, or to let a majority vote of principals, or the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- to have a rule of the Board of Education, require him The proper balance which helps you to walk naturally and without strain-and last but not to have a council manage his school seems to me to least The long, hard wear. invite a dispersal of responsibility in so scattered a These five points combined with a personal inter- est in fitting assures you foot comfort. spread as to contravene experience and to prevent the service for which the school funds are raised. * * * D. C. LOCKE'S [Pages 6 and 7.] In the Lobby SOCKET FIT Formerly the of the COMPLIMENT * * *-To feed a whole army on Shops SHOE STORE College Boot indiscriminate praise is disastrous as Gravelotte, Metz Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, III. Shop * * * and Sedan plainly proved. [Page 7. ] Fur Storage and Remodeling * * Now is the time for remodeling. No charge for THE SORROWFUL *-It is unfortunate that storage if remodeled during the Summer at our Summer Rates . the ever- ready letter-writer of this sort advertises to Our New Fall Styles Now On Display. the public that our men and women are protesters, com- plainers and whiners, when a trip through the schools show the prevailing note to be that of cheerful desire Siegel&BarthFUR MFRS . to serve the public. These unhappy ones alienate the 39 So. State St. Dear. 6023 and 3359 citizens on whom the schools must depend for the adjustment of funds essential for carrying on. No other organization would risk retaining such debilitat- MARINELLO ing elements when so many more willing applicants are seeking admission. Give them warning and if they Approved Beauty Shop continue their deleterious injection of grief and woe Everything in Beauty Culture into a service whose success depends on good-natured Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator co-operation, bring them before the Board to determine Suite 602 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 their value. * * * [Page 8. ] 298 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 OLD TIME FAVORITES OF NEW TIME Common TEACHERS- 10 % Off to Sense " SEE IF YOU RECOGNIZE THEM” Teachers Will Tell You 1. I wandered to-day to the mill, Maggie. Glove grip shoes are made as any shoe ought to be made -like the footprint. They 2. Hallelujah ! ' tis done. are flexible enough for com- I've proved every sum. fort, but with support enough The Pasadena for the arch. They are made in combination lasts , at 3. Print, print, print, print. Pass the buck to me. $ 10 $ 11 $ 12 Print, print, print, print. For all the world ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP to see. Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. 4. Darling, I am growing old. I'll be docked just half my gold. Announces the following BERTHA OTT CONCERTS followin Only thy high-brow, they say, they say, under her management Resists old Father Time's decay. Three Historical Piano Recitals Station B. О. Е., WITH EXPLANATORY LECTURES BY Moriz Rosenthal, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoons, April Anon Sir. 18, 25 and May 2. Programs, first: Bach, Mozart, Bee- thoven; second: Schubert, Schumann; third: Chopin, Liszt , Brahms , Rubinstein, Debussy , Scriabing, Albeniz , Rosenthal . Prices of seats for single concerts , $2.20, $1.65 and $1.10, A GOOD ΒΟΥ tax included. Albert Seibert, tenor, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday after- "Did you behave in church ?" asked an inter- noon, May 9, at 3:30. Prices, $1.10 and $1.65, tax included. Rudolph Reuter, pianist , and Jacques Gordon, violinist, second joint recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, May 23rd, ested relative when Billy returned from the at 3:30. Prices, $1.10 and $1.65, tax included. service. Ruth Alexander Tracy, pianist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- day afternoon, May 16, at 3:30. Viola Cole Audet, pianiste, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday "I'll say so ! " replied Billy. "I heard the afternoon, May 30th, at 3:30. lady behind us say she never saw a child be- 624 South Michigan Avenue have so ." Phone : Harrison 8780 PROOF ENOUGH TEACHERS You You Are Can Fortunate Wear Indeed If An office boy, presumably groomed in the Sizes 16, 18, 36 or 38 10% Off to gentle art of proving, handed a sheet of paper For exceptional values are offered in Teachers to his employer . Sample Coats, Suits and Dresses . All sizes up to 44 "Did you prove it ?" asked the employer. ADVANCE STYLE SHOP , INC . Suite 1412 Stevens Bldg . 17 N. State St. "Sure," said the boy, "And here are 10 dif- ferent answers."—Contributed by a Teacher. Dear Miss Teacher: Have you been going without corsets and find yourself spreading ? If so, you will be sorry. Let us mold you UNEXPECTED back into shapely lines with either our flexible lightly Father : Great heavens, son, how you do boned Corset, or our "Dream" Girdle-brassiere Figure- mold. They are "comfy" yet they control. Discount to look ! you of 10%. We invite a call. Son : Yes, father, I fell in a mud puddle. Mrs. L. M. MacPherson (Corset Specialist) Father : What ! And with your new pants 517 Venetian Bldg ., 15 E. Washington St. on, too ? Son: Yes, father. I didn't have time to TEACHERS !! Let MeAttendYou take them off . Before Vacation SUPERFLUOUS HAIR Removed by Multiple Electrolysis GUARANTEED PERMANENT AND SATISFACTORY SUBSCRIPTION LOUISE B. EVERETT to Personal Service 17 N. State Street-Dearborn 5277 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Name . Address . Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. (Street and Number) on hand Remodelingand Repairing New Coats Made to Order City Subscription price $2.00 per year. 501 Capitol Building MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite State and Randolph Central 6049 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 Established1897 N. Dearborn St., Chicago. Tel. Central 3904. April 15, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 299 Exclusive but notExpensive A Discount of THE IDLE HOUR " The best of all ways to lengthen our MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. 10% Allowedto School Teachers Ground Floor days Between Madison and Washington Spring Apparel Is to steal a few hours from the night, During the Fall and Winter months it was our pleasure my dear." to sell scores of Chicago Teachers their complete out- -From an Old Irish Song. fits, including many fine fur coats. We have no doubt that these same patrons will come to us for their Spring Apparel Blue Bird Club, -for they have come to 1515 Capitol Bldg., know that MURRAY- BLACK offers the utmost Chicago. in style and quality, at Dear Friend : purse-appealing prices. And we invite new patrons among The 1926 vacation season is at hand, and we the teachers to take advan- tage of our 10% discount anticipate for "Bluebird Cottage" ( Boulder, offer. Colorado) the very best season we have ever Dresses, $20 up had. For work - a-day, dinner and evening, in the newest styles Many changes have been made at Bluebird and colors, of materials most in demand this season. during the past few years. The most impor- A wide selection, gathered from the Nation's foremost tant is the Camp at Gold Hill. If you have manufacturers . not visited us recently, you will be most Suits & Coats $25 up happily surprised at the success we have had Two and three piece, in a wide variety of color, pat- tern, style and cloth. Every in our work. The beautiful log building at one at a most moderate price-and then an additional Gold Hill consists of Living Room, Dining 10% off to teachers! Room (three huge fire-places) Kitchen and Sizes for MURRAY-BLACK CO. Misses, large porch. The Living Room has ample 21 N. Watash Ave. Women and Stouts space for parties and dancing. Between Madison and Washington We are happy to say that our property is free from debt. We have had no endowments . We aim to pay for this new building at Gold Our Own Hill from our summer's work. The vacation Patented Inner Strap period is a short one-three months and pos- sibly a fourth. This year in order not to have a crowded condition, I am making a personal BRIEFCASE Highest in Quality appeal, wherever it is possible, that you plan Lowest in Price to come in June or September, or even in May, as Boulder and Gold Hill are at their very best during these months . Complete TRAVELING REQUISITES When you plan a vacation, you want com- A& B LEATHER PRODUCTS fort as well as pleasure. Co-operation makes MFG . CO . 10% Discount Otto Bonke M. Axelman for success and I am asking you to spend your FormerlyDearborn TrunkCo. to Teachers Republic Building , 220 So. State St. Suite 614 Harrison 1614 vacation with us this season, so that by Oc- tober 1st we may be able to say we have our new $3,500 addition paid for, and this has been done by having the happiest vacation we Briefs, Records, Trust Deeds have ever had . Confidential Reports We can accommodate only a limited num- ber and as July and August are always crowded, would suggest that you plan to come in June or September for an ideal vacation. BARNARD & MILLER Law & Commercial Printers The weather is fine, and we can make you 172 N. LA SALLE STREET // CHICAGO happy and comfortable at that time. TelephoneFRAnklin 0562 Looking forward with pleasure to having you with us at "BLUEBIRD" this summer, I am Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders Sincerely yours, Price Lists E. M. TRACY . 300 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 15, 1926 TOURS TOURS LAUDERS' Spring Vacation Trips Parties leave April 23 See Mississippi, Ohio and Tennessee River Trip to Muscle Shoals , Ala. , via St. Louis 9 days. Rail Fare, Meals and Berth on Steamer included $65 Tennessee River Trip, via Paducah, Ky. , $65 ALASKA 9 days, meals, berth included. Spring Eastern Circle Trip Niagara Falls, New York, West Travel to the Yukon mysterious Point, Annapolis, Washington-10 days : $ 125 strange colorful Summer Trips land of the midnight Alaska, via Canadian Rockies-21 days ... $308.00 sun, on a yacht- like Yellowstone- Colorado 14 days $169.00 Canadian Pacific Prin- Eastern Circle- Saguenay River-15 days .... $192.00 cess steamer 1000 miles Canadian Rockies - N. W.-Calif.-27 days.. $365.00 from Vancouver to Established Skagway by the placid LAUDER'S TOURS 1899 inner passage. Inter- Write, phone or call for literature. esting shore excur- 112 W. Adams Randolph 1088 sions. A summer va- Evenings and Sunday-Midway 5845 cation 'mid glaciers and snowpeaks - in weather as springlike ۱ as May. Minimum round trip fare $90, meals and berth in- You'll enjoy and the SPEND A WEEK IN DIXIE cluded. FOR YOUR SPRING VACATION Alaska CANADIAN PACIFIC ROCKIES SATURDAY, APRIL 24TH - SATURDAY, MAY 1ST Be sure to plan your trip to Alaska and EIGHT DAYS .. $65 include a stop over at Lake Louise, Banff and Glacier-world famous re- Visiting many beautiful and historical points of interest along sorts in the Canadian Pacific Rockies . the Tennessee River, including Shiloh National Park and Open top observation cars drawn by oil Muscle Shoals burning engines insure you real enjoy- ment passing through this Alpine Won- Daylight Ride to Mississippi River. No sleeping car annoy- derland. For rates and full information, ance or expense write, phone or call Other Well Planned Tours to Europe, Hawaiian Islands Thos. J. Wall, General Agent, Dept. E., and the East 71 E. Jackson, Near Michigan, Straus Bldg., Tel. Wabash 1904, Chicago, II. For further particulars inquire MARNELL INTERNATIONAL TOURS CANADIAN PACIFIC STRAUS BLDG. WORLD'S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM 310 So. Michigan Ave. Harr. 6020-8212 Open All Day Saturday 4 EUROPEAN TOURS "ALL EXPENSES" French Line 30 Days 37 Days $348.50 460.00 Ireland, France, Italy, Belgium, Holland, 42 Days 487.00 Now you cannot afford not to go toEurope 53 Days 785.00 England, Switzerland and Germany Tourist III Cabin Round Trip Rate $ 177 Call, Phone or Write 109 N. Dearborn St. CAWLEY TRAVEL BUREAU Company's Office 111 W. Jackson Blvd. Harr. 0288 TAYLOR MADE WALITY • Chicago Trunk & TRUNKS BAGS and SUIT CASES Baggage Leather Goods Co. for the vacation traveler MANUFACTURERS OF LUGGAGE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION 526 South Wabash Avenue Wholesale Prices to School Teachers CHICAGO, ILL. Taylor's 28 E.RANDOLPH ST. NEW YORK EST . 1850 CHICAGO European Tours TEACHERS !! - SEE AMERICA FIRST All expenses-limited parties THE CRESCENT INN, Ennis, Montana On direct route to Yellowstone National Park, 65 miles from $395 to $2,100 west entrance. Spend your vacation in the shadow of the Rockies. Most delightful sport in the world. Phone our repre- For reservations and booklet- sentative at Hyde Park 5110 any day from 9 A. M. to 1 P. М. and you will get literature with all information-including AMERICAN TRAVEL BUREAU, Inc. references . Make your reservation NOW. SPECIAL RATES TO TEACHERS. 715-717 Straus Bldg., Chicago VACATIONS Pacific Northwest-Alaska Tour, July 31st. College Tours to Europe, Mediterranean-North Cape. Bluebird Cottage BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at Boulder, National Parks-Independent-Conducted Schedules. Colorado, is open the year round to any Chicago teacher for Many other offerings-REGISTER EARLY. rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. Baker Travel Service Register NOW for your Summer Vacation. 1547 Marquette Bldg., Dearborn-Adams Reservations may be made in Chicago at Randolph 3105 Chicago 1515 Capitol Building 8 IVIY 10-6 NO . III MargaretHaley's 16 BULLETIN 28 April 30, 1926 Chicago, Ill . A Teacher in New York However courageous, however dynamic, however heterodox the individual who enters the schools, the educational treadmill crushes out his courage, his dynamism and his hetero- doxy, flattening him out to the flatness of the rest, until presently he revolves with it, gently, uncomplainingly, giving himself to subdual. It all happens so slowly, so noiselessly, and for the most part so painlessly that only seldom does the victim understand the process . Yet in moments of stark insight I have rebelled. I have cried out against this book or that in departmental conferences , I have defended the right of teachers to teach and think for them- selves . I have antagonized the powers in the * * * * office. From "A Teacher in New York" by Robert D. Starett in "The Ameri- can Mercury" May, 1926. (For further discussion see inside pages) 00 302 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK the responsibility of recommending a school to your We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us. You will find our courses prepare you so well that much better results will be intensive throughout, and rapid in their preparation obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer . for positions . SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL-Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 -Harrison 1995 When referring students to us-kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. MARIE VEATCH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART SCHOOL OF THE DANCE Our spare time courses offer oppor- Ballet, Character, Clog, Soft Shoe and Charleston tunity to Chicago teachers for art After studying in Spain we are prepared to give the latest and Galleries most complete training in its practical as well as cul- open day tural phases . SPANISH DANCES AND CASTANETTING and eve- Nude Life , Portraiture, Illustration, Design, Commercial Fundamentals , In- Special Classes for Theatrical Preparation ning . Illus- trated terior Decoration, Glassware, Wooden- An arrangement has been made by the Marie ware, Lamp Shade, Furniture , Decorat- Veatch School whereby her pupils, after sufficient catalog on ing Day, Evening, Saturday , Sunday instruction, are placed on the request. and Home Study Courses . ORPHEUM CIRCUIT NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART Write for information Downtown South Side Proctor M. Fiske, Director Fine Arts Bldg . 5240 Harper Ave. PELOUZE BLDG ., 230 EAST OHIO STREET Wab. 7432 Hyde Park 6176 FINE ARTS BLDG . CHICAGO 2001 STRAUS BLDG. TELEPHONE HARRISON 0204 How would you like LAURA MAE HAYWARD Your Felt or Straw Hats Educational Adviser A PERSONAL SERVICE PLACING GIRLS AND BOYS Reblocked IN SCHOOLS AND CAMPS ADAPTED TO THEIR INDIVIDUAL requireMENTS into up-to-date styles ? Bobbed hair or con- THIS SERVICE IS WITHOUT CHARGE servative styles. Small or extremely large headsizes . We have them . We are manu- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- ing Department has access to the best shapes. MACLEAN COLLEGE ofand Music, Dramatic Speech Arts A trial will convince you of our efficient "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art, service. A perfectly equipped miniature theater for practical work Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Promotional Credits for Teachers Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS 12 North Michigan Ave. 8th floor Ward Bldg. Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO : Announces the following BERTHA OTT CONCERTS the RECITALS O. E. S. -MASONIC under her management JEWELRY Three Historical Piano Recitals WITH EXPLANATORY LECTURES BY CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO., MFRS. 707 CAPITOL BLDG . Albert Seibert, tenor, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday after- 159 No. State St. CHICAGO noon, May 9 , at 3:30. Prices, $1.10 and $1.65, tax included. Rudolph Reuter, pianist, and Jacques Gordon, violinist , second joint recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon, May 23rd, at 3:30. Prices, $1.10 and $1.65, tax included. FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS Ruth Alexander Tracy, pianist, recital, Princess Theatre, Sun- day afternoon, May 16, at 3:30. Viola Cole Audet, pianiste, recital, Princess Theatre, Sunday afternoon , May 30th, at 3:30. Streiff&Dagobert ✓ FLORISTS, 624 South Michigan Avenue Expert Designer of Floral Art Phone: Harrison 8780 Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Buy it from our advertisers . MARGARET HALEY'S orki BULLETIN VOL . 3. No. 16 April 30, 1926 Page 303 a t 3 A Teacher in New York By ROBERT D. STARETT (Reprinted from American Mercury, May, 1926) - - I remember as though it were yesterday I how eager you are to return to the pupils E that teachers' conference the first day I was awaiting you ; and no one appreciates more 일 appointed to teach at Lafayette High-School . than I the spirit of service and devotion and In the sloping seats of the lecture-room a self-sacrifice and nobility which actuates hundred and fifty teachers sat waiting for the every single teacher in this school. Ours is principal to arrive ; and that first agglomerate a blessed, a holy, a noble work : a calling impression has never left me. All of them which only the noble at heart can discharge. had the same face-a face which for lack of Let us follow the work of the Great Teacher the proper physiognomical nomenclature I whose disciples we are proud to be. call the Teacher Face. It is a face diffident, "Fellow-teachers ! Let us here resolve to uneasy, reserved, guarded, hostile. It is a face gather our strength and give of the splendid that does not often smile and seldom laughs. riches within us. Give ! The children call CAD It is a face on the defensive, pettily intelli- for it ; the country, humanity, call for it. I gent and drably noble ; jaded , unadventurous, say this, and I say it without an instant's bigoted, cowed ; and for all its fine assump- hesitation, that he who will not give of him- tion of authority, it is the face of a sheep . self unstintingly in the great cause is not of Now this is strange indeed . I have known us ; he is a betrayer and he should leave us at scores of teachers, jolly fellows, decent once. Teaching is not a business ; it is a pro- women, outside the portals of school ; but let fession with ideals. I know ” —there was an them come within sight of the place where instant's condescension of his voice-“I know they work, and a sudden atrophy seizes their that you despair at your salaries, but can we facial muscles, a subtle monoxide asphyxiates ever be paid according to our deserts ? Is not their features ; rigor mortis sets in. the children's happiness reward sufficient ? " I don't know why it is. I myself have suc- On and on went the principal in persistent cumbed, partly. In my first two years, I re- monologue while the faces before him went イ call, I was not afraid to express my emotions duller and flatter, faces of the faithful that 3 like a normal human being. My colleagues believed and did not doubt. Only from the stared at me askance as at some sport, some rear row, hunched forward low, providentially inconceivable rara avis . screened by the backs in front of them, some "How do you do it ?" asked the lady in 431 . three or four male veterans, arms over their "Laugh, I mean ? What makes you so happy ? " chests, slumbered. In those days, you see, I was different. I Now, don't imagine for a moment I believed still am, to a degree ; though I am far from all this, even then. At that time bunk was being a wolf among the sheep. still genteely called claptrap, and this was But about that teachers' conference. I claptrap without mistake. I don't know why can't record exactly what the principal said, high-school principals should orate thus ful- but the drift of his speech was thus : gurously, but give them a platform and "Ladies and gentlemen," he said, "I wel- teachers to talk to and somehow their latent come you back once more to a year of happy idealism is roused ad nauseam. toil. No one, may I say, knows better than (Continued on Page 316) Buy it from our advertisers . From the Masthead by The Lookout For the East is East And the West is West And Never the Twain Shall Meet . -Kipling To the Teachers of Chicago: Under the title "A Teacher in New York" impersonal, discriminating and constructive crit- (printed on the previous page) one of that city's icism against the alarming tendency toward 30,000 regimented public school teachers cries out autocracy in education, and pointed out its cor- against his failure to prevent his own regimenta- rective, namely, the official organization of the tion in that centralized, mechanized, and dehu- teaching force into advisory educational councils. manized "system." In this thesis, published in 1901, Mrs. Young It is twenty-eight years since Dr. William developed the theory and enunciated the Rainey Harper engineered the first attempt to underlying principles of the teachers' councils bring into the Chicago public schools the regi- which later, on her recommendation as Super- mentation of the East. Dr. Harper was then intendent of Schools, the Board of Education President of the University of Chicago and a established ( in 1913) . In this thesis Mrs. member of the Chicago Board of Education. Young insisted with emphasis on the recogni- Sponsored by Dr. Harper, Dr. E. Benjamin tion of this fundamental principle of teachers' Andrews, President of Brown University, was councils repudiated by the present control in elected Superintendent of the Chicago public the Chicago public schools : "The voice of au- schools in May, 1898. thority of position not only must not dominate, When Superintendent E. Benjamin Andrews but must not be heard in the councils. " ("Bulletin Ben") reduced the District Superin- Inspired and vitalized by the spirit of free- tendents to mere takers and transmitters of dom and democracy of such educational lead- orders from above ("above" at that time being ership as Colonel Parker, Ella Flagg Young, the Superintendent as there were no assistant Josephine C. Locke, W. W. Speer and William superintendents) Mrs. Ella Flagg Young, then a L. Tomlins , the teachers rose up en masse in District Superintendent, resigned from the Chi- 1899 and defeated the Harper Bill, the first cago public schools, in June, 1899. Immediately attempt to substitute drivership for leadership after Mrs. Young's resignation, and before she in the Chicago public schools. E. Benjamin had time or opportunity to voice her criticism of Andrews took his departure before the close the then existing autocratic system of administra- of the second year of his autocratic reign; he tion of the Chicago public schools, Dr. Harper resigned. The teachers had learned one last- offered her a position as Professor of Education ing lesson-"An irritator is not an educator." in the University of Chicago. Mrs. Young had A quarter of a century has elapsed since opposed the passage of the Harper Bill the enact- that first attempt to import the over-super- ment of which would have fastened permanently vised, mechanized school system of the East on Chicago, through a State law, the autocratic with its regimentation of teachers and chil- system of administration Superintendent An- dren. The present Chicago school experience drews had already set up without authority of under the dominating influence of Dr. Charles law. H. Judd, head of the School of Education of Mrs. Young accepted Dr. Harper's offer and the University of Chicago, furnishes a striking from the vantage point of her position as Uni- parallel to that Chicago school experience of versity professor, in her Doctor's thesis "Isola- more than twenty-five years ago under the tion in the Schools," she hurled her marvelously superintendency of E. Benjamin Andrews and Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 305 the domination of Dr. W. R. Harper, the dis- for permission to go to Springfield, or to tinguished precursor of control of public Washington, or to the Union League Club to school policies by privately-endowed universi- talk for teachers' councils, rarely gets beyond ties. the Lowells ; the teacher stays in her school room and talks to her children . One of the first public utterances of the newly-elected Superintendent from the East As a member of the Chicago Board of Edu- in 1898 was the declaration that 25 per cent of cation Dr. Harper in the spring of 1898 op- the teachers of Chicago were inefficient, should posed and voted against the teachers' petition be removed, and that he would remove them . to the Board for salary increase. Dr. Harper In June, 1899, Superintendent Andrews told Mrs. Young at that time that such a peti- started to remove teachers without complying tion from the faculty of the University of Chi- with the merit rule of the Board of Education cago to the Board of Trustees of the Univer- which required that teachers be given sixty sity would be cause for dismissal from that days' notice of unsatisfactory service before faculty. The Board of Education adopted that dismissal . The Board of Education refused to salary increase over the protest of Dr. Harper . dismiss teachers without notice . As Chairman of the so-called “Educational Last year star-chamber proceedings prelim- Commission," Dr. Harper in the autumn of 1898 stated publicly that the newly adopted inary to dismissal of teachers were inaugu- salary schedule for teachers could not be main- rated and a so-called "Emeritus Service," tained under the then-existing tax levy, and established thereby circumventing the provi- recommended that it be retained for men and sions of the state law for the protection of abolished for women . teachers' tenure and pension. Dr. Charles H. Judd, the worthy successor As an offset to the Harper-Andrews autoc- to Dr. Harper's dictatorship of Chicago Public racy the teachers' councils were organized in School policies, appears to have succeeded to 1898 under the inspiration of the leadership of some of Dr. Harper's prejudices. In one of District Superintendent Ella Flagg Young . Dr. Judd's classes recently a woman principal Originally these Councils were voluntary or- in the Chicago schools rose and criticised Dr. ganizations meeting outside of school hours . As reorganized under Ella Flagg Young, Super- Judd for opposing equal pay for equal work intendent of Schools in 1913 the Councils were for men and women ; it may be mere coinci- official organizations meeting on school time. dence, but this woman was "flunked" in that course . As an impediment to the autocracy of the The Harper "Educational Commission" of present school control these teachers' councils 1898 has its parallel in the Platoon Commis- were first officially ignored in May, 1924, and sion of 1924, dominated by Dr. Judd, which later abolished by the Board of Education. recommended the platooning of the schools When Dr. Harper's unpopularity made it over the protests of the teachers , expressed politically inexpedient to reappoint him on through their councils. Following this ex- the school board at the expiration of his term pression of opinion, the Teachers Councils in July, 1898, the then Mayor appointed him were abolished and to date not restored . on the so-called "Educational Commission " of The only person on the Platoon Commission, which Harper was the figure and the other in daily personal contact with the children in members were ciphers. That Commission's the elementary schools , an elementary school report on the Chicago public schools was sent principal , said in her minority report : to the City Council. For good measure the "The Platoon School is exactly the factory appendix to the report contained a Bill , known system applied to education." as the Harper Bill. It was sent to the 1899 The teachers believe in reducing the evils in Legislature. It created a Superintendent of the assessment and collection of taxes, respon- Schools with absolute autocratic powers . Su- sible for the inadequate tax levy, instead of re- perintendent Andrews searched the laws of ducing the efficiency of teachers and the school the Medes and Persians to find authority to opportunities of children by crowding 48 and 50 prevent the teachers from going to Springfield children in a class and platooning the schools. to oppose this bill ; the teachers went to Springfield and the Bill was defeated. Under the present regime, "where Cabots speak only to the Lowells , and the the Lowells speak only to God," a teacher's request Margjenta. Hary Buy it from our advertisers. 306 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 6 Detroit , "Exhibit A " in Platoon Plan, Becomes Horrible Example Parents Demand That Factory System Be Ousted Detroit, that city, which presumably, was 17, 1926, and an editorial comment in the same the inspiration for the establishment of the issue : platoon school idea in Chicago, that oasis in Attacking the recent statement of Deputy Superin- the alleged educational desert to which the tendent of Schools Charles L. Spain that the platoon administrative nomads of the Chicago system school system, as operated in Detroit has made good financially and educationally, Dr. John S. Hall, member turned in search of surcease from the seat of the board of education, yesterday made public the shortage and other deficiencies of the Chicago result of a three weeks' investigation which, he contends, system, appears to have repudiated its own indicates that Spain's assertions are not founded on fact. In a speech before the National Educational associa- " Detroit plan" and to have become the Hor- tion in Washington, February 26, Spain said: rible Example of the platoon system . " It has been found in Detroit that the platoon system Clippings from the Detroit Free Press in- increases the capacity of buildings thus decreasing the per-pupil cost of instruction. It requires fewer teachers dicate that parents, grown tired of the regime to a given number of pupils. While it has been found of the platoon school for their children, have that the amount spent for equipment in new platoon demanded that it be ousted . school buildings is slightly more, the cost per pupil is less. Its virtues appear to have paled and its Dr. Hall Takes Issue faults to have multiplied. More truth than " In Detroit's 95 platoon schools," said Dr. Hall, “the prophecy seems to have motivated the report total attendance for February, as shown by the board of prepared by a special Chicago commission education records was 108,860. The same records show appointed by the Board of Education to visit that 2,953 teachers were employed in the instruction of these children, or 36 and a fraction children per teacher. Detroit and report on the "Detroit plan." There are 73 non-platoon schools, most of them of much The report, printed in the June 25, 1925 issue smaller capacity than the platoon schools. These schools of the Bulletin and shown to be unfavorable to have a total attendance of 32,777 and employ 884 teachers, the Detroit Plan was suppressed by the Board or an average of 37 and a fraction pupils per teacher. So much for the claim that fewer teachers are required of Education and never called for. In spite of for a given number of pupils under the platoon system. these facts, Chicago schools, at the instiga- "As to the argument that the cost of instruction is less tion of the Superintendent and the Board, per pupil, the February payroll for the platoon schools divided by the number of children in attendance shows continued to be patterned and platooned after a cost $5.67 per pupil as against $5.57 for the non- platoon the Detroit plan. buildings, or a difference in favor of the non-platoon Once upon a time an itinerant couple of schools of 10 cents per month per pupil, and this without taking into consideration the increased cost of equip- dark skinned southerners circulating among ment for the platoon system, which Mr. Spain admits. their own people by means of a medicine Costs $ 108,860 More Annually show, advocated a health giving preparation "Ten cents per month for 108,860 pupils is $10,886. destined to cure all ills . There are 10 months in the school year, so that it is a Their child, however, puny and sickly, was matter of simple arithmetic to show that instead of being an economy it is costing the taxpayers $108,860 more to kept in the background. educate these pupils under the platoon system than "And what about you, Rastus," inquired an would be the case under standard educational methods . interested spectator of the puny child. "I feel that Mr. Spain, as the chief protagonist of the "Haven't you been given this cure-all medi- platoon school, should acquaint himself with the figures before indulging in over-optimistic statements. cine ?" "My chief objection to the platoon school, however, is "Yes sah," answered Rastus. "Ah is the not its lack of economy, but rather its effect upon the horrible example !" child. Its regimented, impersonal grind robs the child of the personal, sympathetic understanding which pupils, Following is Detroit's opinion of its own especially in the lower grades, imperatively need. plan as expressed by parents in the columns Draws Comparison of the Detroit Free Press, April 17, 1926, an "The same difference exists between the platoon school attack on the platoon school in the news and normal systems of child training as between a well columns of the Detroit Free Press of March ordered home and an institution. No one will contend Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 307 that institutional care is equal or superior to proper home who are dissatisfied with present conditions throughout training." the Detroit system, it was learned Friday. Dr. Dale M. King, psychologist attached to the Grace The first step in what is expected will be one of the hospital and an author of several works on psychological most important expressions of popular sentiment ever subjects , agrees with Dr. Hall as to the effect of the made in connection with school affairs was taken Friday platoon system on young children, having accompanied when plans were completed for the organization of the the school inspector on several tours of observation in Parents' Anti- Platoon School league. the Detroit schools . Children Fail to Learn Like Dr. Hall, Dr. King believes that the chief fault According to its sponsors the league will stage an of the platoon system is its lack of provision for indi- organized fight against the platoon system which its vidual attention. He also believes that it imposes a members are convinced is a failure, and will attempt to severe nervous strain on many children. offset "propaganda now being disseminated by local edu- "Education should not be conducted on 'quantity pro- cators who are trying to put Detroit schools on a fac- duction' lines," said Dr. King. “The system, as practiced tory basis ." in Detroit, fosters herd thinking, increases the oppor- In this connection Robert E. Wasmus, 1512 Virginia tunity for the spread of disease and is bad for the chil. Park, one of the leaders in the move, declared the edu- dren in many ways. cational value of platoon schools has been misrepre- " I know of several physicians, who, believing as I do, sented . have withdrawn their children from the public schools, "From personal observation I have found that the sending them to Windsor or to private educational in- platoon system of education employed in the elementary stitutions." grades is not affording pupils full opportunity for de- The Detroit Free Press, March 17, 1926. velopment," he said. "The fundamentals of primary and elementary school instruction are neglected and instead a confusing mass THE PLATOON SYSTEM of educational frills are being imposed leaving the chil- The platoon system as an institution in the public dren virtually without basic training and at a loss as to schools of Detroit is again under discussion, and it is what their schooling means . bound to remain a subject of periodic debate as long as "Many platoon school children now in the first year it continues in the experimental stage. high school are unable to spell, read or write accurately, Unquestionably this system as applied to older children although they have a hazy knowledge of ' auditorium,' has its good points. It provides pupils with expert in- 'literature,' ' music,' 'dancing,' ' gymnasium' and others of struction in special subjects, which is an advantage not 20 high pressure subjects that the platoon school teaches . to be discounted. It is easy to understand, too, that by Completing Plans for Fight using it in the upper elementary grades, the boy or girl "Each teacher under the platoon system thinks his who intends to go on to high school is saved some of the or her subject of paramount importance and each over- excessive shock of transition between the eighth and loads the pupil with requirements in the way of lessons . ninth grades which acts as an effective discouragement The result is that the children flit lightly from one sub- to a good many young people. ject to another and do not have a thorough knowledge But the use of the platoon system in the primary of anything they are studying. grades is another matter. And unquestionably Dr. Dale "It is to combat this sort of thing that the Anti- M. King, psychologist at Grace hospital, speaks for a Platoon School league is being organized. There is a considerable body of medical opinion and reflects the wide public sentiment against the platoon system and opinion of a good many parents of sensitive children it is expected thousands of parents and many teachers when he criticises the system for its lack of provision will take this means of expressing their opposition to it." for individual attention, and expresses his belief that it According to Charles C. Scott, 9162 Rathbone street, imposes a severe nervous strain on many boys and girls . who with Wasmus and other parents is completing He makes a statement that the enthusiastic proponents arrangements for the anti-platoon fight, the system has of the platoon system need to give very careful, un- been "put over” in Detroit by means of propaganda. prejudiced thought when he says , “Education should "It is an educational experiment that has failed and not be conducted on quantity production lines . The should be abolished in Detroit schools," he said. system as practiced in Detroit fosters herd thinking , Will Take Case to Board increases the opportunity for the spread of disease and "Charles Spain, deputy superintendent of schools and is bad for the children in many ways. I know of several head of the national platoon school organization, has physicians who, believing as I do, have withdrawn their said the platoon system is in Detroit schools as a result children from the public schools, sending them to Wind- of public demand. sor or to private educational institutions ." " I believe it is doubtful if there is such a demand and 1 There are no conceivable advantages which can com- it will be one of the objects of the league to determine pensate for the evil which Dr. King here suggests, and just how the public stands on this point. either the evil should be eliminated or the platoon sys- "Opposition to platoon schools never has been suffi- tem should be abolished. ciently stressed because it never was efficiently organ- 1 Children are not created for the benefit of an educa- ized. Sponsors of the system, on the other hand, are tional system; education is provided for the benefit of highly organized and collect fees or dues for a fund the child. It is the servant of the child. When it with which to finance platoon school propaganda." becomes a danger to the child it becomes monstrous. According to organizers of the anti-platoon league, a Editorial in The Detroit Free Press, March 18, 1926. communication will be directed to the board of education in which the board will be requested to arrange for Complete reorganization of subject matter in elemen- thorough discussion of the subject so that both sides tary schools and the ousting from Detroit public schools may be presented fairly. of the platoon system will be undertaken by parents The Detroit Free Press, April 17, 1926. Buy it from our advertisers . 308 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 Consider the Gold Fish Teachers in Chicago now have all the Owing to the hearing of another case before privacy of a goldfish. The most recent ex- Judge Friend, the hearing on the petition for posure of their personal affairs is by way of an injunction filed January 27 in the Circuit Court by James E. Armstrong and other the " Birth and Service Record " ( printed teachers in Emeritus Service against the City here) sent out by the Superintendent to all of Chicago, was not held April 14 as the teachers in the system with orders for scheduled. every teacher to fill out and return under No date has been set for the hearing. In penalty of being reported. the meantime, the four teachers who had less The record, it is understood, will become than 20 years of service in Chicago and who a means of identifying those teachers who, were removed from their position and later having arrived at the age of 70 years, will reinstated, were put back in the Emeritus be transferred to the Emeritus Service List. Service by the Board of Education after the The legal status of those teachers trans- Emeritus Service rule was amended to re- ferred to Emeritus Service is still pending quire only 10 years of service in Chicago in- in the courts . stead of 20 years as originally adopted. Birth and Service Record-Chicago Public Schools Form No. Ed. 73-2-24-26-15-M Kindly fill out the information called for in Teaching experience in Chicago : this blank and return to the principal of your Schools Dates ( Beginning and Closing school . Name Last Name Middle Names First Name Birthplace City State or Country If you have ever resigned from the Chicago Date of Birth . Public Schools or been placed on the unas- Day of Month Month Year signed list, fill out the following : ( Give year Date of Marriage ( Women only) and month. ) Graduated from Date of ( a) Going on Unassigned List . . . . . . Normal School (Date) Date of (b) Resignation “ “ Graduated from 66 66 66 College or Univ . (Date) “ 66 “ Degree-Institution —Date Advanced or Professional Degrees . ....... Date of Reappointment . Colleges and dates . 66 66 66 66 “ “ Chicago Certificates held and how obtained Teaching experience outside of Chicago : Location Schools Date of Certificate Dates ( Beginning and Closing ) The above record is correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. (Signature) Date ........ Present School .. Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 309 Is the Three Story School the Solution ? Trustee Smietanka Advocates Two Stories Permitting Three That members of the Board of Education the right thing, when we only have a limited amount are contemplating making the three-story of money to operate with . I discussed the matter infor- mally and casually with the architect yesterday, and he school solve in part Chicago's seat shortage agreed with me that we could build less expensively if and financial difficulties, is evidenced by the we decided on a policy of three-story buildings, as is following extracts from the Stenographic Re- practiced in most cities. In New York, they follow the port of the meeting of the Committee on plan of four-story buildings, but I can see where in New York they are pressed for land space. In talking the Buildings and Grounds, March 5, 1926 : matter over with Mr. Bogan this afternoon, he stated (The Committee had been discussing the erection of that he could not understand why we had to pay so a one-story building at the Parental School . ) much more for a junior high school than other cities * * * MR . SMIΕΤΑΝΚΑ : We are engaging in have paid and are paying, and Miss Murphy thought a lot of construction of two-story type buildings for our that we could just as well have three-story buildings as elementary schools and I cannot help but be convinced two- story buildings. Wouldn't it be wise for us to ask that we are exorbitant- not exorbitant but the achitect ? I know we cannot initiate anything in THE CHAIRMAN ( Mr. Schmid) : Extravagant . Committee, but we can at least have some data prepared MR. SMIETANKA : Extravagant I should say, in our showing the difference in cost, and then the type of tastes, and I am beginning to think that when we talk building and how this type of building will square with one-story buildings that we should give heed to the cost the plan that we have followed heretofore, that so-called if other stories are not contemplated to be erected in unit of flexibility of buildings . It may be that we can the future . put up a two-story building now and build well enough * * * * to put on another story later on to take care of the future increases . I discussed the subject with Mr. Christensen [ the THE CHAIRMAN : Where we can secure the site in architect ] the other day and he most emphatically stated that if we had another story on our two-story buildings outlying districts at a reasonable price, I can see the that we are constructing now, that we would have exe- advantage of a two-story building as far as the accom- cuted the job with much less money . So I would like modations are concerned, but I also realize that a great to ask the architect whether he has given thought to deal of money could be saved in a three-story building. a two-story building here . It might be well for us to ask the architect to present the sketches on those sites of schools, as you suggest. THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Christensen, have you any- thing to offer on this ? MR . SMIETANKA : It might be well for Mr. Bogan, MR. CHRISTENSEN : Mr. Chairman and Members . of while the subject is fresh, and I have quoted him, to the Board: * * As you increase the height of state his experiences in the east, Mr. Chairman, if you the building, you reduce the unit cost of any portion will ask Mr. Bogan to do that. * * * of the building . For instance, I can give THE CHAIRMAN : Yes . you an illustration. I have in mind the Morrill school, MR . BOGAN : My remark was prompted by a visit which was the only three-story building we have con- to Theodore Roosevelt Junior High School in Philadelphia structed; all the other buildings are two-story buildings . last week-one of the most beautiful junior high schools The Morrill school, I think, contains twenty-seven class I have ever seen, with a capacity of a little over two rooms, against sixteen in the elementary schools. The thousand. I was told the cost was a million dollars. It cost of the Morrill school was $ 575,000 . There you had everything that the most recent junior high school got twenty-seven class rooms besides other special rooms ; has. the cost of an elementary school is $500,000, and there you get sixteen class rooms . In other words, you get (Editor's Note: The Chicago Board of Education ap- eleven more class rooms for $75,000. propriates $ 1,500,000 for a junior high school ; $500,000 * * * * for an elementary school. ) There is no question, a one-story building is the most MRS . HEFFERAN : Three stories ? expensive kind of a building you can construct. MR. BOGAN: Three stories , yes, a beautiful building . * * * * THE CHAIRMAN : How much ground is that on ? MR. SMIETANKA: Mr. Chairman, pardon my con- MR . BOGAN : I speak now only of the cost of the stant interruption, but while we are on the subject of this building activity of ours, I want to say that some building, not of the ground. They had quite a large of the buildings I have observed I thought were extrava- area, I should say about seven acres or eight acres. gant buildings; that is, they covered too much space. MRS . HEFFERAN: Mr. President, perhaps this is not Architecturally, they are beautiful, and perhaps they relevant, and perhaps it is. I heard one of our prom- could not be cheapened in any way by using less ex- inent women doctors in Chicago two weeks ago, in speak- pensive material unless you perhaps gave serious thought ing of the health of the adolescent girl, make the state- to use less expensive brick or facing, but when you ment, positively, that on account of the tremendous see the space that these buildings cover, and only two growth of the child in the seventh and eighth grades, in stories in height, you wonder whether we are doing just the early adolescent years, that the heart was called Buy it from our advertisers . 310 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 upon for so much action that the beginnings of heart THE CHAIRMAN: Yes, there are two sides to all trouble started there, and she said, " Thank heavens, the questions . modern pedagogues are eager and anxious to make the MR. SMIETANKA : You could answer that by saying health of the girl, especially in these days, a prominent that if we had more money with which to operate, then thing and they are building high schools and junior high we could indulge in such fine æsthetic programs, but schools two stories so that these girls won't have to when you are constantly criticized for your seat short- run up and down the stairs so many times a day; and age and abuses are heaped on you for throwing children she gave data and facts that had been collected, which into a lot of portables, I think you are doing more dam- showed that the health of these girls was in their minds age, in view of the argument advanced against portables, at this time when the heart is called upon for so much than you are by asking them to walk another flight of extra work on account of the rapid growth, and said stairs . we should watch those things very carefully; and they MISS MURPHY: That is easily answered in the ele- are much more important than the saving of money for mentary schools : To seat the intermediate grades on the these buildings , that mount so high. I think those things third floor; we have done that in Chicago heretofore, we need to take into account, and consider the fact that not generally, but in places. in many of the cities we are having the two-story build- MRS . HEFFERAN : Well, I just throw it out. 1 ings; that that is the present tendency as you know, haven't any knowledge on the subject. Mr. Bogan . THE CHAIRMAN: Well, it is well to have this mat- MR . BOGAN: Yes . ter brought up and if there are no objections the archi- MRS . HEFFERAN : That it must be based upon some tect knows the sentiment expressed here and he might sound judgment upon the part of those who are anxious bring in a report in reference to the buildings, elementary and eager for the best development of the young person. schools in particular, and junior high schools to conform What is money after all; when it comes to the question with the suggestion made by Mr. Smietanka. of conservation of youth and health, which is first ? MR. CHRISTENSEN : All right, Mr. Chairman. To Move Or Not to Move, That Is the Question Fire Department Says Matter of Movable Classroom Chairs Up to Board Teachers who have been inconvenienced by practice does not endanger the lives of pupils in case the removal of loose chairs from their class- of fire, and point out that the children are now obliged to stand during these classes or sit on the floor, which rooms will be interested in the following pro- creates a much more dangerous condition; and ceedings of the City Council meeting of March Whereas , The teachers have requested that the use of 3, 1926 and in the correspondence between these chairs be permitted as heretofore ; therefore, be it Alderman Brieske (45) and John Plant, Chief ORDERED, That the Committee on Schools, Fire Fire Prevention Engineer . and Civil Service be and they are hereby directed to The chairs used largely in kindergarten and give immediate consideration to this subject with a view primary rooms were pressed into service for to working out some arrangement whereby these mov- work on the black board, at the teachers' able chairs may be used in the class rooms, as was done desk or to enable the teacher to have the little in the past. Unanimous consent was given to permit action on said children close to her while giving a lesson. order without reference thereof to a committee . After their removal , complaints were made by Alderman Smith moved to pass said order. parents that children sat on the floor, in the absence of movable chairs and the matter was The motion prevailed. taken up subsequently by the City Council in From Proceedings of City Council, March 18, 1926, the following orders : page 2804 . From the Proceedings of the City Council, March 3, In the Matter of the Use of Movable Chairs in the 1926, page 2703 . Public Schools . In the Matter of the Use of Movable Chairs in Public The Committee on Schools, Fire, and Civil Service Schools. Alderman Smith presented the following submitted the following report : orders: Chicago, March 18, 1926. Whereas, For many years it has been the practice to To the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Chicago in use small chairs in class rooms in our public schools City Council Assembled: during reading classes, etc.; and Your Committee on Schools, Fire and Civil Service, Whereas , The Fire Prevention Bureau has seen fit to having been directed by an order passed March 3, 1926, deprive the children of the use of these chairs, contend- page 2703 , of the Journal of the Proceedings of said ing that same creates a fire hazard; and date, to give consideration to the matter of an order Whereas , School teachers are of the opinion that this directing the discontinuance of the practice of using Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 311 movable chairs in the class rooms in the public schools, In the opinion of Mr. Roeder, attorney for the Board beg leave to submit the attached communication from of Education, who was present at the meeting this morn- the Fire Commissioner, and to recommend that the same ing, the ordinances in the fire prevention code do not be published and placed on file. cover chairs in the front of school rooms . Furthermore, Respectfully submitted, the Fire Department has not sent any letters to school (Signed) LEO M. BRIESKE, principals, nor has it given orders to any school prin- Chairman . cipals, to have these chairs taken out. I would suggest that this entire matter be referred Fire Department, Chicago, March 18, 1926 . to the Board of Education to be settled within their Honorable Mr. Leo M. Brieske, Alderman 45th Ward, own organization. Council Chambers , City Hall, Chicago. Very truly yours , Dear Sir :-Concerning the amendment introduced into (Signed) JOHN PLANT, the City Council by Alderman Smith, concerning the matter of loose chairs in the rooms of public school Chief Fire Prevention Engineer. buildings, please be advised that this matter is one that The recommendation of the Committee was con- should be handled entirely by the Board of Education. curred in. The Revolt of Julia Le Clair By ANNE GERTRUDE SNELLER From "The Ladies' Home Journal," April, 1922. The time is the present ; the place, anywhere, Now leave we this near-proletariat section And the curtain arises on Julia LeClair . And fly with our Muse in a different direction Julia LeClair was a trainer of youth To the City Hall towers -late Gothic, In wisdom and truth, restored- With a college degree, Where assemble the gentlemen forming the A hard -earned A. B., Board . And a Phi Beta Kappa, including the key . The Board was elected for three years' I confess she was short on the heroine dope ; duration You could view her without making plans to On the classical platform in representation, elope, That it takes politicians For whatever of knowledge she had in her To fill such positions , head Since they best understand why we need Her hair remained red ; education . Her nose, somewhat freckled, turned up in surprise The Board was entitled to special renown Toward her kindly blue eyes ; Through its genius in keeping the school taxes Her mouth sat in judgment on conduct and down creed By contracts with teachers who lived in the And betokened that word would be followed town. by deed ; They said that it fostered municipal pride But her friends and the children were firmly ( They never resigned, or got married, or died ) agreed, And since living at home is much cheaper, Though no hunter of "Follies " would look at you know, her twice, Miss Julia was nice . (And undoubtedly less for a woman than man) The house that she lived in stood next a garage You must use local talent as far as ' twill go, And scantily sheltered Miss Julia's ménage- And save when you can ! An elderly mother, Their duty was clear : An invalid brother, Eight hundred a year And at regular seasons some cousin or other ; Was a proper reward for Miss Julia's career ; And in keeping them cheerful and soothing And out of eight hundred the members were their ills sure And earning the money for paying the bills She could care for her mother and give to the And being their comfort, their prop and their poor . stay, So serene in the feeling of duty well done, Miss Julia was busy an eighteen-hour day . The Board motored off on a country-club run. Buy it from our advertisers. 312 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 "How unfair," says the public, "that teachers Now it chanced that the paper on Saturday are free morn At half after three ! Gave a list of the bargains of Curtis and Why, just look at me ! Thorn . I stay on till four Miss Julia was looking for something in shoes, Or a few minutes more— When a prominent headline stood out from Unless there's a strike ; the news: Then I quit when I like. Society Leaders are Tearing Their Hair ! But teachers ! I'll say No Cooks Anywhere, They don't earn their pay." Well Done or Rare, To Peel or to Pare ! Behold now the pupils, assembled in row, Mrs. Burns- Lyman Voorhees is Quite in Despair ! With Julia to train them the way they should When seen at her home by a Post-Herald man go- Mrs. Voorhees reclined on a pale-green divan Isaac and 'Rastus and Tony and Pat, Becomingly gowned in a silk robe-de-coeur Ivan and John Quincy Adams Dorratt, Embroidered in fur- Victorine, Angeline, Judith, Donnetta, A popular fashion created by her. Chloe and Bridget and Mary Gambetta. Mrs. Voorhees said frankly : " I fear from the looks That the country is facing a shortage of cooks, The Reds and the Blacks in the most approved Since two hundred a month and a bonus for pay manner Won't tempt them to stay. Without shredded wheat Saluted each morning The Star-Spangled Banner. We'd have nothing to eat ! I myself am intensely distressed by the question, For I'm writing a series of books on digestion. Miss Julia, believe me, found plenty to teach ; I can't work on my book She straightened their shoulders, their morals, Till I hunt up a cook. their speech ; I will pay any price to someone who will try it, While I finish the chapter : Do Bolshevists Diet ? The sun's early beams I feel that the problem admits no delay Found her marking their themes ; Or the homes of the nation will fall to decay." She dramatized plays Our readers remember, i For the school holidays, No doubt, last December The very delightful readings she gave And gave without price From her earlier volume: Do Bolshevists Bathe? The most expert advice From the heavens above to the waters Miss Julia read on to the very last word, beneath- And wrath in her bosom was suddenly stirred : The social advantage of brushing the teeth ; If a cook earned the wage Mrs. Voorhees was The books that they read and the movies they giving, saw ; Could it be that a teacher was not worth a Respect for the law ; living ? The feeding of babies that fell to their care ; But just as she threw down the page with a Some general suggestions on washing the hair ; sigh The treatment of immigrants just off the The following item attracted her eye, boat ; Tucked in with a number of trivial features : And the civic importance of going to vote. "The Board meets at ten, And will take up again But prices in peace times continued to rise, Their recent discussion of raises for teachers ." While Miss Julia's eight hundred remained the same size . Miss Julia rose and put on her hat Insurance and veal , Not merely last season's, but five before that ! Tea and cornmeal, Her head was awhirl, and her pulses were Needles and rubbers and paper and rent, dizzy, Carfare and coal But a clear, inward voice whispered : "Julia, Each made a hole, get busy !" And the lighting bill swallowed the very last cent. The Board had recorded unanimous ayes Miss Julia was feeling a good deal depressed On certain commissions allowed on supplies, When Cousin Eliza arrived for a rest, When a vigorous knocking struck loud on the The invalid brother developed a cough, air, And just as a climax-the ceilings came off. And the office door opened on Julia LeClair. Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 313 The chairman came forward, extending his Oh, think of the field hand, And the harvest 'twill yield With a welcoming smile that was slightly too When you sow the desire bland . For things nobler and higher ! As a brewer of beer Your mission is something so great and divine , And a war profiteer, No weak words of mine He had modestly garnered a million a year. Can express half the feelings that gush from He gave her a seat where his colleagues could my heart see When I think of your part And urged her to tell what her errand might In guiding and guarding these earlier be. years " He paused , for his eloquence moved him to tears . They waited in silence for her to begin, And Julia plunged in : But said Julia LeClair, " I've a question or two Sitting firm in her chair : That I want to ask you . "I'm not here for praise ; I read in the paper, cooks constantly leave, What I want is a raise ." Though two hundred a month is what they receive. The shocking rejoinder deprived him of Do you think it would take speech . Much more effort to make Had the woman no heart that a tribute could A salad and pudding and broil a beefsteak reach ? Than to fit mind and soul He consulted the others what course to pursue, For their ultimate goal Then turned to Miss Julia and started anew : Of living each one for the good of the whole ? " The Board as a unit is willing to do Do you think it is true What is just to the teacher and taxpayer too ; That concocting a stew And since we desire our teachers to be Is a matter of magic, confined to a few ? Contented, and free Do you think sinks and drains From financial distress, Need superior brains , With an ample allowance for extras in dress- While working with children is not worth the Since everyone knows pains ? That suitable clothes Do you really believe that a cook requires Are bound to react on the taste of the skill , scholars- But that teaching's a job any person can fill ? The Board will be glad, And if you don't think so, why are you so slow For the next year, to add In giving the raise we earned long ago ? An annual increase of twenty-five dollars ." The Board was unable to listen to more . Miss Julia LeClair Had a Red Revolution walked in at the door ? Got up from her chair Were people who teach With the will to be heard and the courage to dare. To have freedom of speech ? They all felt a horror undreamed of before. Her skirt had been dyed The chairman first rallied, and then took the And hung on the side ; floor : Her shoes had been tapped ; And her fingers were wrapped In gloves she had bought at a Thanksgiving "But, my dear Miss LeClair, sale ; "Are you not aware Her stockings were frail That taxes are high, and the public won't (It is scarcely worth while stand To note they were lisle) ; To let us throw money about on demand ? But the spirit of Liberty blazed in her hair, I have listened with pain And the goddess had nothing on Julia LeClair. To the socialist strain That seems to suggest that your thoughts are "Such a generous increase I did not foresee ; on gain But I can't have your consciences troubled Instead of on character, noble and great, for me . Which you train for the state. Since cooking's important and also well paid , Buy it from our advertisers. 314 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 And society women are calling for aid, Her dinners are famous, and so are her teas. And since freedom from kitchens means Her table is covered with sumptuous fare writing a book, Prepared by the fingers of Julia LeClair. Why," said Julia LeClair, "thank heaven, I Mrs. Voorhees has finished The Bolshevist can cook ! Church, You may keep as home missions And will take up home topics for future Your teaching positions ; research . And someone may have mine- She plans a campaign to discover the reason For I herewith resign. " Why teachers are scarcer than ever this season ; Mrs. Burns- Lyman Voorhees is quite at her She feels that the problem admits no delay, ease ; Or the schools of the nation will fall to decay. Eminent Writers Strike Keynote Of Happy Child Present Facts Which Might Profitably Be Applied to Chicago A few gems which seem pertinent to the Chicago fer an unnecessary check to normal growth. schools' situation, are printed here, taken from an ar- The school building and equipment them- ticle, "Healthy Minds for School Childen," written by selves may contribute to the child's chance for Thomas D. Wood, professor of Physical Education at mental health. For example, a spacious play- Columbia University and by Marion O. Lerrigo and published in " The Happy Child Department " of The ground, and some suitable play apparatus, a Delineator for April, 1926 : supply of books and magazines in addition to A young, enthusiastic teacher accepted a text-books, workshops, laboratories and school position in a junior high school in one of our gardens, help to give the child the opportu- great cities. After she had been teaching six nities he needs for development. weeks a friend asked her how she liked it. “ Oh, However, it is not enough simply to give the all right," she replied, but with such a lack child an opportunity to express his impulses . of her usual spontaneity that the friend ques- He has all kinds of impulses, good, bad, in- tioned her further, till the trouble was re- different, and he may express them from morn- vealed . ing till night in unhygienic ways. The next "I have ten classes a week in the junior high task of the school, then, is to fill the child's school," she told her friend . " There are about life with worthy purposes and tasks, so that thirty in each class. What I have to do is his impulses will be expressed in desirable just grind, grind, grind, so they can answer ways . the stale examination questions . I can't teach Having a worthy purpose and a satisfying children ; I have to teach examination ques- task is an essential element in what psycho- tions . I hate it ." logists call "integration of personality." The * * * * frantic wanderings of the chicken with its The first requirement of mental hygiene is head cut off supply a vivid parallel to the that children should have abundant opportu- bewildered, aimless life of a disintegrated per- nities for expressing their own wholesome, sonality. Lives without purpose, or with weak, natural impulses . Children must play, they shallow, inadequate goals , are unfortunately must have plentiful muscular activity, they commonplace, and wherever such a purpose- must have rest. They must make things, col- less life is found there is the seed for mental lect things, learn the uses of things. They and emotional ill health. must ask questions and invent stories, they The child's school life has a very definite ef- must become acquainted with their surround- fect in directing the formation of his pur- ings, whether of city streets or country fields . pose. For example, the school program which " Taken into a schoolroom where these things has as its goal the passing of the State ex- are ignored, and high examination marks aminations by a certain percentage of its pu- bound the horizon, the chance for cultivation pils is doing harm because it ignores the fun- and guidance of most of these childish inter- damental human needs and purposes with ests is lost. They are forced each day to suf- which all children are born, and sets up in Buy it from our advertisers. April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 315 their place an artificial goal which many chil- part of that puzzle called "temperament," and dren dislike and others ignore. If this goal a heritage which we cannot escape. is accepted by the child, what does it do to In one sense this is true. We do inherit the him ? It sets him striving for mastery of a capacity for emotional expression . Some peo- certain amount of information ; it demands ple are obviously more emotional than others, of him no social regard for his fellows , no but whether this is due to heredity or to train- expression of creative impulses, no acceptance ing, we cannot say with any finality. of responsibility ; it habituates him to follow- However, though emotions seem like the ing a self- centered purpose . winds, to come and go whither they list, they If he does not accept this artificial goal, are, also like the winds, subject to laws as then it is likely that his school activities cease orderly as they are immutable. The baby be- to be of vital importance to him. Going to gins almost as soon as he is born to form - school becomes something to be endured and habits of emotional life, just as he begins to forgotten. A large portion of the child's en- form habits of eating and sleeping. ergy is put to sleep the moment he enters the There are two great laws of habit forma- schoolhouse, but outside of school he finds ex- tion, and these hold for emotional habits as pression for his nearest and dearest desires. for any other kind of habit. The first is that There he is a worker, a creator, a leader. Here repetition strengthens the habit. That is, one is a "split personality" with a vengeance. outburst of anger simply leads to another. That school has created numerous unwhole- Having one " good cry" merely brews more some situations, it has lost its opportunity to tears for another occasion. Permitting the set the child striving for worth-while things, child to yield to his anger, his fear, his self- it has made sure that numbers of the pupils pity, is no kindness, for thereby habits are will be indifferent to their school activities , formed which will in later years be distressing with consequent release of energy for mischief, and hard to break. However, there is a more and conflict with school authorities . cheerful side to this picture. Cheerfulness, * * * * sympathy, love, joy, peace obey the same The machine-like school program, which is laws as the violent emotions. They, too, are rigid and uniform for all alike, crushes the established by repetition. ** * * ✓ initiative and limits the freedom both of chil- dren and teachers. Freedom is as necessary Another emotion which may have terrible for healthy growth as sunlight. * * results if it becomes established, is jealousy . * * Rivalry and competition have always been con- The first condition favorable for develop- sidered the legitimate tools of a teacher in ment of individuality is a schoolroom that is spurring her pupils to strenuous effort. In not crowded. There should be not more than view of the jealousies that are often aroused twenty pupils to a teacher. Other important by such methods, and in view of the fact that requirements would include a well- trained more and more our happiness in the civilized teacher who loves her work, a school psycho- world depends on cooperation, the thoughtful logist who can use the technique of rational teacher may well question the wisdom of ex- mental tests for discovering special ability, posing her pupils to the destructive feeling of opportunity classes for the children who have envy . Competition is doubtless a two-edged drawbacks to overcome and a rich and varied tool and always should be handled with care. * course of study . * (The Delineator, April, 1926.) * * * The school program which gives the child MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN an opportunity to grow through natural ac- ✓ tivities, which engages his energies in worth- MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher while purposes, which affords him freedom 1 for his individual needs and yet teaches him MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. to live happily in a group, such a school pro- gram offers great opportunities for educating THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 Cents. the child's emotions. LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Control of emotions, or feelings, is one of ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of the foremost problems of mental hygiene. We are accustomed to regard the emotions as MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American rather mysterious, wilful things, subject to no Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chi cago Phone Central 3904 rule, coming and going at their pleasure, a Buy it from our advertisers. 316 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 board -eraser hit me in the neck one day. Permanent Wave That day was the last of Pedagogy. I caught Satisfaction Guaranteed the boy who threw it and whacked him Bobbed or mightily on the ear. After that, I began to No kinky Long Hair or fuzzy "Lio Maets" manage my pupils with a little less scientific Combined Oil detachment. hair with our system. $10 and Steam Process. only waving system that The th gives a macel wave effect. As for doing your job and being promoted on merit, I shall only say this : after I had COUPON . FREE 6 MONTHS' SERVICE FREE slaved day in and day out on extra work for This coupon entitles you to 6 months' free service with my classes , staying in for hours beyond the every permanent wave. Make your appointment now. This offer not good after May 30th . required time, the principal walked in one day to supervise me. And what do you think IDEAL BEAUTY SHOP 162 NORTH STATE ST . Suite 1203 Phone Dearborn 3677 he said in his report ? He criticized my pos- AD WILL NOT APPEAR AGAIN ture! I have, of course, nothing against that principal. But when, sometime later, I ob- In Choosing Your Spring Footwear Remember " our shoes" are tained a transfer to another high-school, he fashioned to the shape of the did not know my name. human foot. Well , the years have flown. I teach in an The leather gives a gentle, firm support to the arch and you can walk, dance or enter into evening high-school now to supplement my sports with a vim, because meager day- school salary. When I come home genuine comfort is yours in a pair of these structed shoes. naturally con- at night at half past ten, I feel just a little In appearance they are not weary of the world, and damn the fellow that freakish or odd-they are just good-looking. Super-construc- first thought of Education. Increasingly, of tion and workmanship make the difference. late, I tell my wife I'm going to quit. I'm $10 $11 $12 going to get out of teaching. I'm drying up. ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP I'm brittle . I've made myself into a pundit Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. full of wise information and sly little jokes in the classroom ; I'm a circus performer with A Teacher in New York a bag of wiseacre tricks that I perform day (Continued from Page 303) after day without variation. I see the class- No, I didn't swallow all of it-I just swal- room-forty seats, forty heads, forty names, lowed half. For it occurs to me now as I during the day ; I see the classroom at night recall those days that I too heard the call of -forty seats, forty heads, forty names. I the Lord ; I too was one of the Lord's anointed. say things . They say things. I write on the I believed. And as I explore the virgin board. They write in their notebooks . Five wonder of my mind then, it seems to me that times a day. Three times a night. Suddenly, I even worshiped a trinity of a sort, a school- in class , I begin to laugh : it all seems so curi- master's trinity; to wit, Pedagogy, Service, ously unreal, farcical. I say to myself: and Promotion on Merit. "Robert, what are you doing here ? You, you One year later, I believed in nothing. My petticoat man! Purveyor of pap ! Windbag ! pedagogy went to smash. It shivered to You, who had such magnificent dreams ! " splinters against the hordes of Italian and The other day my friend Palmer and I were Jewish students upon whom, innocently and riding home together in the subway. with great zeal, I applied the principles of "I'm an old warhorse," he said. “ Over that sacred science. Never were spitballs forty. I've been in the system twenty years. thrown more heartily nor images of the I'm done for. But, listen here, you're young teacher drawn on the board with greater yet. What's your reason for sticking ? " gusto ! I am a small, hot-faced, astigmatic "Three of them," I answered. "My wife, man, and for some time I credited their and two kids." tantrums to my own lack of physical charm . " Tough ! " he sympathized. "You ought to But that wasn't it : the trouble was with go out peddling dresses. You'd make more. Pedagogy. They revelled in Pedagogy ; they Really," he added. “A fellow like you, who greeted with ribald delight each several presumably has brains ! Take my advice- mystery as I unfolded it before their en- get out ! " chanted eyes—the Project Method, the Social- And yet it seems to me I shall never get ized Recitation, the Pupil Teacher Plan. A out, though I groan and chafe at the peda Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 317 gogical bit. I have grown timid ; I have Erhardse butnotExpensive A Discount of learned to accept. The classroom is just the 10% place for me; it is a sanctuary in which I protect myself from the outer world whose bruising cudgellings I thus escape. In the MurrayBlackCo. 21 N. Wabash Ave. Allowed to School Teachers Ground Floor classroom I am safe. I sit in my arm chair, Between Madison and Washington ask questions, mark answers, and in its Spring Apparel somnolence I simmer away, undisturbed. During the Fall and Winter months it was our pleasure to sell scores of Chicago For I realize in myself that fatal trait I Teachers their complete out- see in other teachers about me inertia . How- fits, including many fine fur coats. We have no doubt that these ever courageous, however dynamic, however same patrons will come to heterodox the individual who enters the us for their Spring Apparel -for they have come to schools, the educational treadmill crushes out know that MURRAY- BLACK offers the utmost his courage, his dynamism and his hetero- in style and quality, at purse-appealing prices. And doxy, flattening him out to the flatness of the we invite new patrons among the teachers to take advan- rest, until presently he revolves with it, tage of our 10% discount offer. gently, uncomplainingly, giving himself to subdual. It all happens so slowly, so noise- Dresses, $20 up For work-a-day, dinner and lessly, and for the most part so painlessly evening, in the newest styles and colors, of materials most in demand this season. that only seldom does the victim understand A wide selection, gathered the process. Yet in moments of stark insight from the Nation's foremost manufacturers. I have rebelled. I have cried out against this book or that in departmental conferences, I Suits & Coats $25 up Two and three piece, in a wide variety of color, pat- have defended the right of teachers to teach tern, style and cloth. Every one at a most moderate and think for themselves, I have antagonized price -and then an additional 10% off to teachers! the powers in the office. Sizes for "Shut up !" said one of my colleagues, " if MURRAY-BLACK CO. Misses, Womenand 21 N. Wabash Ave. Stouts you know what's good for you. This is no Between Madison and Washington place for a man with rights ! Shut up, you Bolshevik, or they'll kick you out ! Do you want to be kicked out ?" If You Want a Good Shingle Bob or In time I took the advice . Permanent Marcel Wave For there are ways to chastise the recalci- Come in and see us ! trant. Nice, chivalrous ways . Give hima JOSEPH P. MARTIN heavy programme. Give him classes of 1016 Stevens Bldg. CENT . 1216 DEAR. 6542 morons to teach. Give him lunch-room duties, extra study periods, patrol work. Set spies after him and note all the errors in his rec- Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. ords . Mark him unsatisfactory at the end of on hand Remodeling and Repairing New Coats Made to Order the term. Hold up his salary increment. Blackball him when he comes up for promo- 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph tion. Central 6049 Established1897 I took the advice. The principal doesn't want to be bothered with pesky innovators. After all , let him alone and he'll let you alone. Inertia all around. Safety first. The fault lies with the school system. The Dora Furlong Incorporated System : spell it with a capital S. Say it with 624 So. Michigan Avenue a faint contempt ; yet say it also with awe Blum Bldg. Phone Wabash 2595 and dread at your heart. Permanent waving by the most competent operators. We guarantee all permanent waving to be the very What is this system to which all thinking best that can be secured anywhere. teachers attribute the many evils in the Entire Head $8.00 schools ? Consider the fact that there are thirty thousand teachers in New York City, PHONE STATE 7698 G. Finch , Prop. HOGAN SHOE REPAIR SHOP a million pupils, a thousand school buildings Shoe Repairing of the Better Class to house them, and a budget of $110,000,000 Work Done While You Wait 26 W. Washington St., 5th Floor to maintain them. The system is the result. Buy it from our advertisers. 318 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN April 30, 1926 Five points of interest, neees- It is a huge, amorphous government, with a sary for foot comfort, found in SOCKET - FIT SHOES Board of Examiners, a Board of Education A close-fitting instep, which, and a Board of Superintendents on the one when laced up, forms a bandage about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- hand; on the other, field supervisors and The flexible construction which exer- teachers. The teacher, you will note, is at cises and strengthens the muscles- The soles which are moulded exactly to the bottom ; he bears the brunt of the super- the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- structure. And, being at the bottom, he feels The proper balance which helps you to walk naturally and without strain and last but not least the weight of all of it ; he is, naturally, dis- The long, hard wear. These five points combined with a personal inter- tressed. He is distressed, for instance, when est in fitting assures you foot comfort. D. C. LOCKE'S courses of study made by the higher-ups come down to him for unwavering acceptance ; he In the Lobby SOCKET FIT , Formerly the is distressed because for countless super- College visors, from the superintendent of schools to of the Shops SHOE STORE Boot the heads of departments, he is the goat. Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, III. Shop And he is slightly resentful when some ob- viously unworthy person is made his super- visor by political machinations. To Any Chicago School Teacher : Yet, after all, the system is not so much Dear Madam : an institution as it is a state of mind. For Quality and Service have always been most its very vastness is a refuge ; for others our MOTTO and shall continue to be like myself there is something appalling in so, with all possible improvement in the goose-step of thirty thousand regimented Permanent Waving. Your patronage teachers ; something of terror and disgust in is appreciated, and we shall be pleased feeling yourself rolling around, dumb and in- to serve you any time by appoint- sensate, with thirty thousand like you, punch- ment. ing the clock, starting and stopping at the The Felix Coune System of ring of the bell, obeying the same commands, Permanent Waving gives teaching the same things, and waiting (oh, CHICAGO COUNE Natural Lasting Waves . Stead- FELIX crowning consummation of the year ! ) for the fast , Faithful Service since Summer vacation to begin . 1916 gives us the name of Yet I would not have it understood that the LEADER - and appreciation whole system is gloomed by an unrelieved of thepublic. Felix Coune monotony of dullness and death. In fact, Permanent Waving System Co. there are still signs of vitality in it. When 307 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Ill. I went to high-school myself, my habitual mood was one of solemn acceptance ; I obeyed my teachers, imbibed their wit and wisdom Luncheon without demur, and was somehow shocked when a boy either doubted their omniscience Candies or rebelled against their authority. And I don't think I was unique. On the whole, we Rich Ice Creams were an intimidated lot, willingly cherishing Much as though you would conceive in your the schoolmaster's traditional sacrosanctity. own mind the finest and most desirable Times have changed. The pupils now are things to eat and then find them in a good bit less credulous . The old illusion beautiful surroundings-moderately priced ! has gone ; they do not tremble before me as At My New Tea Room before the Almighty. But if awe has van- JULIA KING'S ished, there has come instead an eager crav- 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. Near Randolph St. ing for my friendship that is very beautiful. If I browbeat them now, it is not as a tyrant, it is as a man of the world ; and they vie with DISTINCTIVE PERMANENT one another for the honor of my favor. WAVING SpecialAppointment Time Set Aside for Teachers Teacher's pet no longer yearns to clean the blackboards and keep the records ; he likes Anne Heathcote Studio 608 Republic Building-209 South State Street to talk to me about other teachers, about girls, Telephone Harrison 9060 FRANCES Specializes in Cutting Curly Hair graft, his future, his likes and dislikes, and he hopes that I will take him seriously. I Buy it from our advertisers . April 30, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 319 do. I slap him on the shoulder and say, "John" (or Issy) , I'm glad you spoke to me that way. It shows you're a friend of mine." ENRICI'S is famous no less Then is he transported into the seven heavens H for the enduring and deep of Mohammed. friendships it has won than This new spirit in the student body cheers me up a bit. Every year it is growing more for the quality of the foods difficult to deal with, impatient of authority, it serves and for the great resistant of discipline, contemptuous of age, volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- scornful of text-books—but how alert it is ! day, before the matinee, it is the great to the things of the world ! Heaven knows what has done it : the radio, the tabloid central meeting place . papers, the new freedom. The old women in our school hate the breed : their dignity is gone, their voices are drowned out at times in fearful cachinnation. Gone are the good old days ! I do not lament them. I stand before my students and look at their faces—at faces stamped with the pathos of young hearts caged. I see in them the same tormenting restlessness that moves me HENRICI'S often to go tearing about the classroom, hands WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT in air, eyes burning, hunting for Truth. No 1 more lies, now. No more text-book platitudes . 67 W. Randolph St. Come on, let's shut that history book with Between Dearborn and Clark Streets all its embalmed mummeries and false half- truths ! You there you little Pole with the troubled eyes, what do you think of the Spanish-American War ? Was it a just war ? Scientific and Permanent I can see a sudden thoughtfulness tighten Janus Method everybody in the class. Eyes kindle, flare, Of Reducing and Rejuvenating, Inc. Suite 313-316 Venetian Bldg., 15 East Washington Street hands lash out violently in an atmosphere Branch at 4811 Sheridan Road Dearborn 2005 electric with fervor. Rejuvenation of Face and Body EDYTH DIEDRICH CHICAGO It is for these moments I live for these and the eager questionings of honest, un- Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents poisoned minds. Then, perhaps, the door Permanent Wave $10.00 Friday and Saturday 75 cents opens, and the head of my department comes Modern Beauty Shoppe's Experienced Operators in. 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Many other offerings-REGISTER EARLY. $395 to $2,100 Baker Travel Service For reservations and booklet- 1547 Marquette Bldg., Dearborn-Adams Randolph 3105 Chicago AMERICAN TRAVEL BUREAU , Inc. 715-717 Straus Bldg., Chicago TAYLOR MADE TRUNKS BAGS and SUIT CASES for the vacation traveler Bluebird Cottage BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at Boulder , Colorado, is open the year round to any Chicago teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. Taylor's 28 E.RANDOLPHST. NEW YORK . 1850 OST CHICAGO Register NOW for your Summer Vacation . Reservations may be made in Chicago at 1515 Capitol Building TAXI CAB SERVICE TEACHERS !! - SEE AMERICA FIRST We Will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHI- THE CRESCENT INN, Ennis, Montana CAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS . As to the caliber of On direct route to Yellowstone National Park, 65 miles from our service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. west entrance. Spend your vacation in the shadow of the Rockies . 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Education cannot be free until the teacher is free. ***** The teacher's chief task is to give children an opportunity to grow, not to cram their minds with de- scriptions of growth that others have enjoyed. -Journal N. E. A., March, 1926. 31 00 322 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK the responsibility of recommending a school to your We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us. 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Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses This Advertisement and Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. New Permanent Wave THE WENZEL WAY Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back $950 "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School" WENZEL, 177 North State Street State 1887 Mention the Bulletin when you buy. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN VOL. 3. No. 17 May 17, 1926 Page 323 Sursum Corda ! And Now Comes the U. S. Government Championing Teachers' Councils Uncle Sam has risen to the defense of teachers' coun- are not always representative of the teaching cils which Chicago's superintendent and Board of Edu- body. Certainly they are not considered so by cation threw into the discard two years ago. The government has seen what the administration of the teachers unless they were chosen by the Chicago schools has failed to see the value of the voice teachers to represent them. If a superintend- of the teacher in the determination of school policies . ent or a school board consults a few teachers "Much better results could be expected if the teachers selected at random, difficulties are apt to arise, were invited to offer their opinions upon matters that vitally concern the schools," says Bulletin 1923, No. 8 and the whole administrative machinery may issued by the Department of the Interior, Bureau of get out of gear . It is difficult for the school Education, entitled " Significant Movements in City board to know what teachers to consult. The School Systems." only democratic way is to consult them all. "Wise school boards and superintendents, should, Some superintendents and school boards have however, utilize the first -hand knowledge that teachers have of school conditions," the article which is pub- realized that the intelligence of the whole lished in full below, continues : teaching body should be capitalized and that it is unwise to consult only a few teachers. One of the outstanding movements of the They have, therefore, encouraged the organ- past few years is the organization of teachers' ization of teachers' councils . In some in- councils, which are generally constituted for stances such councils have been organized only some or all of the following purposes ( 1 ) To after considerable parleying with school of- raise the standard of the teaching profession ; ficials. Much better results could be expected (2 ) to encourage professional improvement ; if the teachers were invited to offer their opin- (3 ) to foster a spirit of sympathetic good will ions upon matters that vitally concern the and helpfulness among teachers and a better schools. understanding between teachers and officials ; To autocratic boards and superintendents and (4) ) to democratize the school system ; the claim of teachers to be heard in board that is, to give teachers a voice in the shaping meetings seems radical. What right, it is of educational policies . asked, have teachers to ask to be consulted ? If teachers' councils do nothing more than The school board is responsible to the people, to bring about a friendly cooperative relation not to the teachers, and therefore must formu- between school boards and teachers, they are late all policies. It is replied that no right is worthy of encouragement. In too many in- taken away from the board, for its province is stances there has been this lack of cooperation, to legislate, and it should do so with all the from the fact that the teachers have been con- light available. No right of the superintend- sidered mere cogs in a great machine. This ent is abrogated, for he, too, should make his has been especially true in the larger cities recommendations only upon the fullest infor- where school machinery is complicated and mation possible. where there is no contact between the teaching If a teachers' council attempts to usurp the staff and administrative authorities. In the prerogatives of a board or of a superintendent, nature of things only a few teachers can be it has no excuse for existing. It is generally acquainted with the members of the school recognized that the function of a council board and with the superintendent, and these ( Continued on Page 339) Mention the Bulletin when you buy . From theMasthead "I offer as a substitute for central authority that other governing control which we are be- ginning to recognize in this country as the democratic substitute for governmental au- thority, namely, scientific insight." -Chas . H. Judd. To the Teachers of Chicago: Mrs. Hefferan's term of office has expired the idea of teachers' councils had been the before we have heard from her about the work of 25 years on the part of the teachers teachers ' councils. On May 12, at the close of of Chicago, the Board of Education with the the meeting of the Board of Education, Mrs. support and vote of Mrs. Hefferan, by refus- Hefferan, apropos of nothing, said, "I have ing to enforce this rule, in one minute, and taken occasion quite unofficially, but person- without thought, swept the councils aside. ally, to commend their efforts in this direc- A few weeks later, the same Board voted tion (the High School Teachers' Council) and to penalize a teacher for failure to obey a asked them further to look into the question rule ; the teacher lost $460 salary ; she was of jewelry, rings and pins, and whether they " suspended from the service and refused per- might be dispensed with. .. mission to return except on the condition that Apropos of Mrs. Hefferan's commendation she sign away her salary. A teacher must of the High School Teachers' Council, teach- obey the rules but not the Superintendent. ers recall that they had the Councils estab- Teachers feel there is only one of two ways lished officially ; the rules of the Board of to overcome such a situation . Either there Education, by reference, prescribed the dates must be an enactment by the state legislature of the meetings, and made it the duty of the that will put it beyond the power of the Board Superintendent to send out a call for the of Education to set aside the provision for teachers to assemble at designated places for teachers' councils, or it is necessary to get a the purpose of professional discussion on Board that will not refuse to enforce its own matters affecting the conduct of the schools. rules when the Superintendent refuses to obey Now, when Mrs. Hefferan finds need of the those rules . teachers' findings on matters affecting the It matters little to the teachers whether schools, teachers recall further that Mrs. Hef- their right to their councils is held at the feran was against enforcing the rule of the whim and caprice of the Superintendent, or Board of Education that provided for meet- the whim and caprice of eleven Board mem- ings of the Councils . They recall that she re- bers, or a bare majority thereof. The teach- fused to vote to enforce the rule that gave ers of Chicago had taken it for granted that the teachers their councils, and voted to es- the underlying principles of the Councils, tablish a "handpicked conference of the Su- enunciated by Mrs. Young, were won. Obvi- perintendent" as a substitute for the Teachers' ously, it is necessary that the teachers must Councils . get it into the common consciousness of the When the Superintendent failed and re- community that the experience and knowledge fused to comply with the rule of the Board of the teachers must be available for the bene- requiring him to send out the call for the fit of the schools in an orderly and dignified meetings of the Councils, the Board of Edu- way. Their opinions and judgments must be cation refused to enforce its own rules. They formulated, expressed, and given considera- refused to demand that the Superintendent tion. The teachers of Chicago have a right to obey the rule. Although the establishment of proceed on the theory that they have estab Mention the Bulletin when you buy . May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 325 lished that point. There is no reason why have been no meetings of the Elementary they should be compelled, every few years, to Teachers' Council at all, and no meetings of go all over the ground again. the High School Teachers' Councils except as The pension idea has been accepted. Al- voluntary organizations meeting outside of though the application of the tenure idea has school hours. Had the Teachers' Councils not been widely made as yet in actual legal confined their discussions to “jewelry, rings enactment, the idea of tenure is accepted. One and pins," and other genteel subjects , they does not have to argue that the salaries of would undoubtedly be discussing them yet teachers must be commensurate with the de- without let or hindrance . mands that are made on teachers ; one does Gems from the Judd philosophy of control not need to argue that the revenue should be of education by "scientific insight" explain available to support the public schools . It is much of what has come to pass in the Chi- generally recognized that inadequate revenue cago public schools in the past three years . is due to the inequities of our tax laws and For example : inequalities in their enforcement. These are Mrs. Hefferan's record, until twelve days all things that are generally accepted. after the expiration of her term on the Board It took 25 years to build that discarded of Education, has been consistently in accord Board Rule embodying Ella Flagg Young's with the Judd philosophy of control of edu- ideas and principles of teachers' councils for cation by " scientific insight" as revealed in making the teachers' knowledge and experi- the following excerpts from the Judd's speech ence available to the community for the bene- printed in the Journal mentioned above : * * * fit of the children—that discarded Rule which made it the duty of the Superintendent to I am anxious to persuade you to look be- call the teachers' councils . yond the college. The real source of our dif- Believing these things to be essential to the ficulty with professional education in America furtherance of the interests of the children, lies much further back in the educational sys- tem . and in view of all that has been said about * * * the necessity for teacher participation in the The second fact which I wish to make as formulation of educational policies , the con- tinued failure of the Board to restore and to impressive as I can is that the enormous hu- enforce rules providing therefor compels the man waste in our American educational sys- teachers to ask what is the cause . tem is the result of bad organization and can be cured in short order if the educational The answer is to be found in the Judd people can get the ear of those who are re- philosophy of the control of education by sponsible for most of the delay in educational "scientific insight," as set forth in a paper reform, namely , the members of boards of read before the Council on Medical Education education and other influential members of and Hospitals of the American Medical Asso- local communities . ciation held at Chicago, February 16, 1926, * * * and reprinted in the Chicago Schools Journal for April. If I have succeeded in inducing you to look According to this philosophy, it is the func- beyond the college and high school to the real tion of " scientific insight," alias Judd, to sit source of delay and waste in American edu- behind the scenes and tell the Board to ignore cation, I may venture to suggest some of the the teachers, whom Judd characterized " a mob measures which can be adopted to remedy the of mobile women meditating matrimony." situation . In order to make my suggestions Now, when Mrs. Hefferan, in a meeting of the intelligible, I must revert to a point which I Board of Education, twelve days after her made quite casually in an earlier paragraph. term of office has expired, exhorts the High The American school is locally controlled . * * * School Teachers' Council to investigate, and commends their efforts in investigating "jew- No other nation has ever tried to deal elry, rings and pins," teachers are reminded locally with a matter so momentous in its that it was after the Elementary Teachers' general social and political importance as the Councils had condemned the platoon schools educational system . * * * approved by Mr. Judd that Mrs. Hefferan and Mr. Smietanka voted to substitute the Super- I have emphasized the conservatism of our intendent's "handpicked conference" for the schools under local control, not because I am teachers' Councils ; and for two years there going to advocate the abandonment of local Mention the Bulletin when you buy . 326 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 control, but because I want to make perfectly tine job, it is a much more difficult matter, sure that we all understand the conditions it calls for initiative and energy and insight. under which a reform of the present waste- Suppose we neglect such considerations as ful system is to be secured. I have been presenting and let matters drift, * what will happen ? Judging from the history of education there will be a vigorous effort on It should perhaps be noted that this reor- the part of the most progressive school people ganization of the school system is not being to accomplish something in the way of change. effected without difficulties. In many quar- These school people will encounter the oppo- ters the teachers of the upper grades and of sition of their fellow-teachers because the new the first year of the high school, finding them- procedures mean extra effort. There will be selves called upon to prepare new subjects, opposition also from parents and from tax- resist the change. Parents often protest. payers . The task of making over the former high * * school subjects so that they are appropriate for presentation to juniors is a task requir- On the other hand, if we do not neglect the ing energy and ingenuity. considerations presented, we can produce In spite of these difficulties the readjust- great changes in a short time. The advan- ment is under way in all of the progressive tages whichwould result from a vigorous sci- entific attack on school reorganization are in- school systems of the country. It needs the intelligent support of leading citizens . calculable. Two years saved for more ad- * vanced study in the lives of all the members * * of a generation would speed up civilization It is important that there be a general un- to a degree which can never be expressed in derstanding of the fact that a readjustment numbers. I have put the matter before you such as is going on in the junior high school as an advantage to a single profession. I has to be worked out by a school staff which could argue more forcibly perhaps and cer- is now engrossed in routine. If we had a cen- tainly more broadly if I pointed out that a tral federal board in charge of schools as do reconstruction of the elementary school will all of the nations of Europe, it would be pos- be of advantage to all classes of our people . sible from this single authoritative center to * * * send out an edict of change in the content of instruction in the grades concerned and it I have dwelt on the fact that we have no would be the duty of this central board to central authority in charge of American supply suitable materials to be used by teach- schools and I have said that I am not in favor ers for the training of the pupils. We have of the adoption of the European system in no such central board and as a result we are America . I offer as a substitute for central obliged to devise a way of making new teach- authority that other governing control which ing materials which comports with our sys- we are beginning to recognize in this country tem of local control . We have not been aware as the democratic substitute for governmental of this need for new teaching material until authority, namely, scientific insight. Ameri- lately because in times past the schools have can pupils are not to be guided by social tra- remained so nearly static in their content that dition or by some authority in Washington. one generation could borrow from the other. They ought to be guided by someone who has Our textbooks represent this system of bor- made a scientific study of education. Some- rowing. Now we have reached the point where one ought to study the conditions of mental borrowed material does not serve our pur- development. Someone ought to mark out the poses and we find ourselves without any path from infancy to the professions, not by proper agency to create new material . guessing or appealing to tradition but by a * * * systematic study of the whole educative proc- ess. Science ought to guide a pupil's election It is for such reasons as these that the of courses and a teacher's methods of instruc- school people of this country must persuade tion. boards of education and the influential mem- bers of the country that the American school system needs reorganizing. The task of meeting modern conditions by improving edu- cational organization and teaching is not a rou- Marjana. Haly Mention the Bulletin when you buy. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 327 May 17, 1926 By Their Votes You Shall Know Them- The terms of Mrs. Hefferan and J. Lewis Board of certain north side portables with no Coath, Board members, expire this spring. elementary school to replace them, necessitat- The term of Mr. Smietanka expired two years ing their children going a long distance to ago, but since then he has been a "hold over school , that determination of these matters member. " The power of reappointing them or was not their business , that it was the busi- of appointing their successors lies with the ness of the Board and that the parents had no mayor whose nominations are subject to con- legal right to interfere with the policies de- firmation by the City Council . The mayor has termined by the Board . not yet presented any names to the City Mrs. Hefferan disagreed with the Superin- Council . tendent over his proposed reappointment of a Since the coming of Superintendent McAn- member of the Board of Examiners and voted drew, Mrs. Hefferan has been the constant and against it, but she voted in favor of the com- consistent supporter of Superintendent McAn- promise measure, the Emeritus Service Rule, drew and his policies . which sacrificed 73 principals and teachers in Mrs. Hefferan voted in favor of tabling the order to prevent a clash with the Superintend- resolution introduced by Mr. Coath at the ent over one examiner. meeting of the Board of Education Sept. 10, Through gestures and public utterances, 1924, ordering the Superintendent "to provide Mrs. Hefferan apparently has been the teach- for the dismissal of classes for the local meet- ers' friend. Whenever there has been an issue ings of the high school teachers during school involving the teachers' cause, she has VOTED hours as provided in said rules and by-laws of AGAINST THE TEACHERS . the High School Teachers' Councils which Actions speak louder than words ! have been made and now are rules of the As consistently and insistently as Mrs. Hef- Board of Education . *** feran has voted against the teachers , Mr. Mrs. Hefferan not only voted against Mr. Coath has voted for them. Coath's resolution to have the Teachers' Coun- He it was who introduced the order referred cils meet as per his order presented to the to above . His vote directing the Superintend- Board meeting Sept. 10, 1924, but when the ent to obey the rules of the Board and call the resolution subsequently was sent to the Com- teachers ' councils ( and that of Mr. Mullen- T mittee on Rules of which she was a member, bach) was fair and square. she cast the deciding vote against it, in the Mr. Coath voted for the teachers ' councils Committee, and that Committee reported to and against the Superintendent's hand-picked the Board adversely on the order directing conference . Mr. McAndrew to call the teachers' councils Mr. Coath voted to direct the superintend- as provided by the rules of the Board of Edu- cation . ent to obey the rules and call the councils . Mr. Coath voted against the proposed Mrs. Hefferan voted in favor of Mr. Mc- amendment to the rules designed to prevent Andrew's hand-picked conference ( so styled the distribution of literature in the schools by by Mr. Mullenbach) established by the Board teachers ' organizations. to take the place of the Teachers' Councils Mr. Smietanka's voting record duplicates which the Board abolished . that of Mrs. Hefferan here recorded in votes Mrs. Hefferan voted for McAndrew's pro- unfavorable to the teachers . posed amendment to the Board's rule which, Mr. Smietanka voted to abolish the teach- if adopted by the Board, would have shut out ers' councils and to substitute therefore Mr. teachers' organizations from distributing McAndrew's "hand-picked conference" as Mr. printed communications to their members in Mullenbach called it. the schools . Mr. Smietanka as chairman of the Finance Mrs. Hefferan informed parents of children Committee is responsible for Henry and the who complained against the removal by the Griffenhagens . Mention the Bulletin when you buy. $ 328 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 Following is the Order ( referred to above) personal responsibility he may have in the disastrous in re High School Teachers' Councils , pre- effect of calling the Teachers' Councils during school hours, this Board might very well adopt this and sented to the Board of Education by Mr. take the onus on itself and relieve Mr. McAndrew of Coath Sept. 10, 1924, and referred to the Com- any responsibility in it. * * mittee on Rules : * * * * Following is the roll call on Mr. Greene- ORDERED , By the Board of Education that the baum's motion to table Mr. Coath's resolution Superintendent of Schools and the Principals of the High Schools be, and they hereby are ordered and ordering Mr. McAndrew to call the Teachers' directed to provide for the dismissal of classes for Councils as provided in the rules of the Board the local meetings of the High School Teachers dur- of Education : ing school hours as provided in said Rules and By- Aye : Mr. Hanson, Mr. Smietanka, Mr. Fel- Laws of the High School Teachers' Councils which have been made and now are Rules of the Board of lows, Mrs. Hefferan, Mr. Moderwell, Mr. Education ; and that the Secretary of the Board of Greenebaum, Mrs. Gregg. Education be, and he hereby is, ordered and directed No : Mr. Coath, Mr. Mullenbach . to transmit at once to the Superintendent of Schools Seven ayes ; two noes . and to each High School Principal, a copy of this order. Mr. Coath, in presenting to the Board the From Printed Bound Reports of Elementary Teachers' General order directing the Superintendent to obey the Council, October, 1921, to May, 1925. * * * rules of the Board of Education and call the meetings of teachers' councils, read that sec- Following are heretofore unprinted ex- tion of the Illinois state law which gives all cerpts from the stenographic report of the teachers in Illinois outside of Chicago five Board meeting of Sept. 10, 1924, when the days a year of school time for educational order was discussed : * * * discussion for which they receive their sal- aries . MR . MULLENBACH : I will second this motion. I He showed that Chicago teachers are the saw the communication yesterday. I think most of only teachers in the state denied the right you did, from the Superintendent, which he has sent under that state law to use school time for to principals, saying that he did not at all favor the Teachers ' Councils . educational discussion . The rule of the I suppose the Superintendent feels that the councils Board which Mr. Coath was attempting to ought not to be on the school time . That controversy have enforced gave Chicago teachers oppor- was up last spring and an opinion was rendered at that tunity for educational discussion during time in regard to the legal phase of it by the Attorney school hours for less than five days a year of this Board, finding that the rules required that the without loss of salary . Superintendent should send out notices, and notices Superintendent McAndrew's alleged objec- were sent out at that time for the meetings . If the Superintendent feels particularly sensitive about tion to meetings of teachers' councils was that this, there is one way of helping him out, and that is they were held on school time for which teach- for this Board to assume the responsibility for the call- ers were paid . ing of those meetings, and that is what we do in this resolution. We call Mr. McAndrew's attention to the MOTHER QUALIFIES fact this is the rule. We do not say that he shall not bring in recommendations to change the rule. " Junior, you were absent from school yes- I think you would have more respect for those recom- terday, I believe," Miss Cunningham, the mendations if Mr. McAndrew observed the present rule, teacher, said. "Yes, ma'am," Junior answered, but that is strictly up to him . "I had to be away yesterday." " Well, the Here we call Mr. McAndrew's attention to the present school regulations require a written excuse rules-rules and regulations that are binding upon him for all absences, so you will have to bring me -and ask him to observe them in calling the Teachers ' such an excuse," Miss Cunningham explained. Councils . "Who from ? " Junior asked. "Why, you may I do not see, Mr. President, how this Board, or any bring an excuse from either your father or public or private body, can possibly maintain discipline if the chief executive officer is to select those rules he your mother," the teacher replied. “Well, I chooses to observe and throws into the wastebasket guess I'll bring one from Mother, then, " Jun- those he does not choose to observe . There is a special ior stated. "Dad's an awful poor hand at making excuses." obligation on the chief executive in any institution to observe the law, and I think Mr. McAndrew should have due regard for this, because of its effect on the school SOME RECOMPENSE system . If Mr. McAndrew may abolish rules of the Board Billy : "Well, pa, I am glad I was not born a few centuries later." because they do not suit him, after he has definitely studied them, then there is no reason why a minor Father : "Why ? " official or others connected with the system should not Billy : "Just think ; how much more history disregard them . of the world those poor boys will have to In order to relieve Mr. McAndrew of any feeling of study." Mention the Bulletin when you buy. May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 329 Emeritus Service Gets Airing in Court All Eyes Turn Toward 70 Year Retirement Bill The Emeritus Service rule had another air- the Auditor accounts for the belated blanks ing in the courts on last Friday, May 14th, for reporting Emeritus Service ( printed here) before Judge Torrison. The hearing was on which were sent out by the Superintendent, the petition of Samuel Leland filed in the and which contained an undated communica- Circuit Court on May 4th asking a mandamus tion printed at the top of the blank signed by writ against the Board of Education to com- the Superintendent. This communication re- pel that Board to reinstate him in his position quested that the blank be detached from the as teacher. communication, filled out and returned as a Mr. Leland, a teacher at the McKinley High report of service rendered . School, one of the 74 retired under the Emer- When it became apparent that the proceed- itus Service rule of the Board on January 27, ings before Judge Torrison were bound to go was reinstated in his position in the McKin- on, there was visible evidence of anxiety. The ley High School on February 8 as a result of hearing before Judge Torrison bade fair to the court hearing before Judge Friend in the reveal the facts regarding the service that Armstrong injunction suit. Three other the teachers were called upon to report on the teachers, including Miss Hecox, were rein- blanks as having rendered. It became appar- stated at the same time. ent that those responsible for the Emeritus Mr. Leland was removed again and placed Rule would be very glad to have the Governor on the Emeritus Service list on April 6th, sign the 70-year Age Retirement Bill as a after the Board on March 10th amended the means of escape from this expose. Every- Emeritus rule to require 10 years of service thing appears to indicate that the Governor in Chicago instead of 20 years as pro- will sign the bill, which was passed by the last vided in the rule as originally adopted last Legislature but failed to reach the Governor, December 9. About the same time that Mr. House Bill 521. As we go to press the infor Leland was put on Emeritus Service the sec- mation has been received that the Speaker of ond time, three other teachers with less than the House and the Lieutenant Governor, who 20 years of service in Chicago were put back. is President of the Senate, have already signed Mr. Leland had but 18 years service in Chi- it and that it is in the hands of the Governor. cago public schools. After his second removal The Governor is expected to sign it shortly . he filed this 10-page petition in the Circuit This retirement bill provides that all per- Court asking reinstatement as a teacher on sons in the Chicago public schools who reach the ground that he had been removed in viola- the age of 75 in the year 1926, 74 years in tion of the teachers ' tenure law. 1927, 73 years in 1928, 72 years in 1929 , and The attorney for the Board of Education, 70 years in 1930, shall be retired from service Mr. Righeimer, asked that the hearing in the and shall be paid $ 1,500 a year from the Edu- Leland case be postponed. Judge Torrison cational fund in addition to their pension. The refused to postpone and the case proceeded. rumor is rife that the Board of Education will Mr. Leland's attorney, Mr. Brightman, pre- comply with the provisions of the bill and re- sented the case for Mr. Leland. The hearing tire all who are now 75 years old, and pay on the case proceeded through the forenoon them the $1,500 required by this law instead of May 14. At noon the Judge announced of their present Emeritus Service salary. All that another case that was set for that after- of those now 75 or over who are eligible to noon would have to be resumed and further their pension will, if they apply for their pen- hearing on Mr. Leland's case was postponed sion, be entitled to their pension in addition to until Monday, May 24th . this $1,500. Those on the Emeritus list who It is no secret that the Auditor of the Board are now under 75 years of age would not come- of Education served notice on the Superin- under the 70-year Age Retirement Law this tendent that if any more salary warrants year-assuming it be signed by the Governor were to be issued for persons on the Emeritus as predicted. They will either have to be re- Service , there must first be presented some turned by the Board of Education to active record of service performed. This demand of (Continued on Page 337) Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 330 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 (Photographic Reproduction of Letter Sent Out by Superintendent McAndrew) DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION BOARD OF EDUCATION SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS WILLIAM MCANDREW. CITY OF CHICAGO EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENTS 460 SOUTH STATE STREET WILLIAM J. GOGAN MORGAN G. HOGGE TELEPHONE WABARM 9210 CLARENCE E. DEBUTTE CHARLEE D. LOWRY ELIZABETH W. MURPHY SUBJECT: April 19 , 1926 . TO MEMBERS OF EMERITUS SERVICE . Ladies and Gentlemen : CURRICULUM REVISION SUGGESTIONS . We held our first meeting today with teachers who contemplate volunteering to assist in the revision of the curriculum . As a result of such meeting , you a re invited to send to Miss Margaret Madden , Room 703 , 460 South State Street , any of the following material which you can : ( 1 ) Objectives , Aims . Titles and authors of books particularly helpful for research in determining proper aims for an American public school system at present . ( 2 ) Reference to particular chapters or pages of such books which are especially valuable . ( 3 ) Your own formulation , if you desire , of what should be the ma in objectives of a Chicago course of study . (4 ) Authors and titles of books particularly helpful in guidance of any particular study , as arithmetic , nature study , etc. , particularly civic and social service and character training. ( 5 ) Any other suggestions that occur to you as valuable . Com. mAndrew WM . MCANDREW Mention the Bulletin when you buy . May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 331 (Photographic Reproduction) DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION BOARD OF EDUCATION SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOL WILLIAM MCANDREW. CITY OF CHICAGO EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENTS 460 SOUTH STATE STREET WILLIAM J. BOGAN MORGAN G. HOGGE TELEPHONE WABASH 9210 CLARENCE E. DEBUTTS CHARLES D. LOWRY ELIZABETH W. MURPHY SUBJECT: APR 27 1926 To Members of Emeritus Service , Public Schools of Chicago . Ladies and Gentlemen : Please let me have forms Ed . 75 filled out for February , March and April 1926 . Very truly yours , WILLIAM MCANDREW , Superintendent of Schools . Photographic Reproduction of Blank Received with Above Communication April 27 (Ed. 75.) Date. To Members of Emeritus Service, Public Schools of Chicago. Ladies and Gentlemen: Under the rules of the Board of Education you are "subject to the call of the Superintendent for consultation. advice, and such other service as may be required." A supply of blank forms (Form Ed. 75) similar to enclosed is sent for your use. These blanks are to be filled in and shouldbe mailed to reach the office of Superintendent of Schools, 460 S. State St., on the 15th of the calendar months (except July and August) in order that the Superintendent may certify your name on the payroll. (Failure to comply with above directions will, of necessity, result in omission of your name from the payroll. ) Additional blanks may be secured when needed, from the Superintendent, 460 S. State St., Chicago, Illinois. WILLIAM MCANDREW, (DETACH AND MAIL BEFORE THE 15th OF EACH MONTH) (Form Ed. 75.) Date EMERITUS SERVICE- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION , CHICAGO REPORT OF SERVICE RENDERED To the Superintendent of Schools. This is to certify that I have performed the following Emeritus Service during the school month of 192 (a) CONSULTATIONS . (b) REPORTS ON. (c) INVESTIGATIONS__ (d) OTHER SERVICE (Name) (Be sure to insert latest address) Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 332 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 City Council Votes Appraisement of Down Town District Teachers' Federation Expresses Approval of Council Action At the meeting of the City Council, May 12, agreement with Walter W. Pollock and the Manufac- the chairman of the Finance Committee of the turers ' Appraisal Company, of Philadelphia, Pa., for the appraisal of land and buildings in the territory bounded Council was authorized to enter into an agree- on the north and on the west by the Chicago River, on ment with Walter W. Pollock and the Manu- the east by Lake Michigan and on the south by Roose- facturers' Appraisal Company of Philadel- velt Road, on the following basis: Land valuation .... $ 5,000.00 phia, of which Mr. Pollock is president, for Building valuation 10,000.00 the appraisal of land and buildings in the Compilation of comparative report at not to downtown district between the River on the exceed 500.00 north, 12th Street on the south and from the all in accordance with the proposal of the said Manu- Lake west to the River . facturers ' Appraisal Company ; and the City Comptroller The action of the Council followed a series and City Treasurer are authorized and directed to pass for payment vouchers in accordance with the provisions of conferences between Mr. Pollock, members of this order, when properly approved by the Chairman of the Finance Committee and others inter- of the Committee on Finance, chargable to appropria- ested in the equitable assessment program . tions made under Account 3 - S -2. The action was in keeping with the program which the Teachers ' Federation has urged as May 17, 1926. against increasing tax rates . To the Honorable the City Council, City of Chicago . The Federation at its meeting, Saturday , Gentlemen : May 15, by unanimous vote, expressed its ap- proval of the action of the City Council. The Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its regular meet- ing Saturday, May 15, by unanimous vote, expressed its Following are excerpts from the Journal of approval of the action of the City Council taken Wednes- the Proceedings of the City Council at its day, May 12, authorizing a contract with the Manufac- meeting May 12, and also the letter of the turers' Appraisal Company of Philadelphia for appraisals Federation authorized at its meeting, Satur- of land and buildings of the "downtown" district for tax day, May 15, and ordered sent to the City valuation purposes . The Federation also voted unanimously to cooperate Council at its meeting Wednesday, May 19 : with the City Council in all its efforts to secure needed Excerpts from Journal of the Proceedings of the City Council of the City of Chicago, Illinois revenue for the schools and other needs of the city Regular Meeting, Wednesday, May 12, 1926, at 2:00 O'clock P. М. through fair and equitable assessment of property in- Page 3347, First Column stead of by increasing the tax rates . The officers of the Committee onFinance : Contract for Appraisals for Federation were directed to notify the City Council of this action. Tax Valuation Purposes . The Committee on Finance submitted a report recom- Respectfully submitted, THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION . mending the passage of an order submitted therewith authorizing a contract for appraisals of land and build- ings in the "downtown" district for tax valuation pur- (Signed) MARY M. ABBE, President. poses. Alderman Woodhull moved to concur in said report (Signed) FRANCES E. HARDEN, and to pass said order. Corresponding Secretary. No request being made by any two Aldermen present to defer consideration of said report for final action MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN thereon until the next regular meeting, and the question being put, the vote thereon was as follows : MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher Yeas-Coughlin, Anderson, Cronson, Eaton, Guernsey, Woodhull , Meyering, Govier, Cross, Wilson, Kuntsmann, O'Toole, Byrne, Moran, Barbee, Ryan, McKinlay, Fick, MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. D. A. Horan, Cepak, Toman, Arvey, Powers , Mendel, Touhy, A. J. Horan, Adamkewicz, Smith, Petlak, Kaindl , THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, 15 Cents. Seif, Nusser, Mills, Adamowski, Ringa, Jensen, Bowler, LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. Crowe, Albert, Loescher, Brieske, Nelson, Hoellen, Boutell, Frankhauser, Pontow-46. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of Nays-None . The following is said order as passed : MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American Ordered, That the Chairman of the Committee on Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 Finance be and he is hereby authorzied to enter into an Mention the Bulletin when you buy. May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 333 Federation Resents Proposed Absence Rule As Attack on Teaching Body Voices Protest At Meeting; Links Rule with Salary Cut The Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its old rule, passed when teachers were receiving about half as much salary as they are at present. meeting, Saturday, May 15, protested the im- How Present Rule Works Out putation contained in a newspaper article of " This means that now when a teacher is absent she May 7, 1926, Chicago Daily News, regarding is penalized only $2 a day. She is allowed ten such days teachers ' absence . a month. Absences in excess of this for illness usually The Federation viewed this attack made receive special action of the board . "You can see what this means. Say a teacher today upon the integrity of the teaching body as it is getting $ 10 a day. She may be absent ten days a did the aspersions cast on the teachers' integ- month, be penalized only $2 a day, and receive $8 for each day she did nothing . rity last fall as a preliminary step to the "This amendment proposes that the number of days adoption of the report by Griffinhagen and As- under this rule be limited to ten a year, instead of ten sociates , Industrial Engineers, for the instal- each month, and that the teacher be penalized in the ■ lation of time clock systems in the schools . amount of half the salary paid the substitute who takes her place . In the grades this will mean probably $ 3 or The teachers protested on the grounds that $4 ; in high schools a little more. alleged economies in the schools are practiced "This seems only proper. Of course absence for ill- at the expense of the teachers, and that action ness will be cared for as it has been in the past-by such as that contemplated-the passage of a action of the board on motion of the superintendent. rule further penalizing sick teachers is a Records Show Abuse of Rule screen to hide what is in fact a cut in the "Naturally there will be opposition. But we have salaries of those least able to bear it-the records to show abuses under the present rule. " sick teachers . Col. Ellicott held up a sheet of names, selected from the records of absence-many of them amounting to Throughout the newspaper article referred about the limit, no more and no less, each month. to, the language implies that teachers absent Board members for months have been studying this for reasons other than illness have been re- situation. Many of them frankly admit the proposed ceiving their full salaries, minus certain de- amendment isn't nearly as strong as they would like. ductions, whereas teachers who have been The matter was scheduled to come before the rules absent for reasons other than illness lose their committee this week, but a quorum was not present. No date has been set for the next meeting . entire salary for the period of such absence . -The Daily News, May 7, 1926. The Federation directed that its protest be sent to the Board of Education at its next CONCERNING CHANGE OF ADDRESS meeting : Following is the article published in the When our subscribers move the Bulletin News , May 7 : will consider it a favor if they will notify the office and send in their new address and the NEW RULES MULCTS ABSENT old address as our mailing list is arranged TEACHERS according to Post Office Stations and when making changes in the list it is necessary to Allows Ten Days Each Year for Sickness With have the old address as well as the new ad- Minimum Deduction dress of the person requesting the change. BY HAROLD O. TOTTEN Indeed, Yes The public school teachers will lose heavily for absences in the future if the committee on rules of the A mother called her little daughter to her. board of education passes a proposed amendment to " Just imagine, dear," she said, "Aunt Mary board procedure now under consideration. has a new baby, and now mamma is the The amendment, offered by the superintendent, has baby's aunt, papa is the baby's uncle, and you the outspoken support of Col. Edward B. Ellicott, presi- are her little cousin." dent of the board, and other board members, but opposi- tion is expected from teachers' organizations . "Well," said the astonished little girl, "At present, in regard to paying teachers for ab- "wasn't that all arranged quick ?"-Heywood sences , " says Col. Ellicott, " we are working under an Advertiser. Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 334 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 Passing the Buck While first grade teachers and children have Hogge, took up with Deputy Fire Commissioner Knight and Chief Fire Prevention Engineer Plant the desir- suffered through the removal of the chairs, ability of using movable chairs in the front of public the evolution of the order has been traced. school classrooms when instructing special groups of Responsibility for the removal of movable children. The proceedings of the City Council of March chairs in classrooms seems to have gone a 18 show a communication from Chief Engineer Plant wandering. of the Fire Prevention Bureau which was ordered In a communication dated October 21, 1924, printed: "The matter of loose chairs in the rooms of and addressed to the principals of ten schools public school buildings should be handled entirely by the Board of Education. In the opinion of Mr. Roeder named in the communication, Mr. Ambrose B. of the office of the Board's Attorney, the ordinances in Wight, then assistant superintendent, says : the Fire Prevention code do not cover chairs in the " Our attention has been called by the business front of school rooms. Furthermore, the Fire Depart- manager to the following excerpts from the ment has not sent any letters to school principals , nor report of the Bureau of Fire Prevention,” has it given orders to any school principals to have (and then follow instructions to remove small these chairs taken out."* This is quoted for your guid- ance . * * chairs in certain buildings, as printed below) . Signed-Wm. McAndrew. An investigation of the question of movable chairs as printed in the last issue of the Bul- Chicago, Illinois, October 21 , 1924. letin, quotes John Plant, Chief Fire Preven- To the Principal of the School: tion Engineer, as saying, in a letter addressed Our attention has been called by the Business Man- to Alderman Brieske : “In the opinion of Mr. ager to the following excerpts from the report of the Bureau of Fire Prevention : Roeder, attorney for the Board of Education, Clearing Branch No. 3: Remove small chairs in port- who was present at the meeting this morning, ables F and E. the ordinances in the fire prevention code do Henderson School: Limit occupancy of assembly hall not cover chairs in the front of school rooms . to 900. Remove small chairs from Room 10. Furthermore, the Fire Department has not Hayt School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to sent any letters to school principals, nor has 500. Remove small chairs from Rooms 21-22-24. it given orders to any school principals to have Swift School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to these chairs taken out ." 930. Remove small chairs from Room 104. As a climax to the investigation comes Pierce School: Limit occupancy of assembly hall to 1,050. Remove small chairs from Rooms 101-102-103-104. Superintendent McAndrews' Bulletin, April Field School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to 13, 1926, page 103, paragraph 213, entitled, 1,000. Replace one room of Moulthrop Desks with regu- "Movable Chairs," in which the Superintend- lation desks fastened to floor, Room 101 -B . Remove ent quotes Chief Plant's letter "for your (the small chairs from Rooms 112-B, 104-105. principals' ) guidance" Armstrong School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall Following is the Superintendent's Bulletin to 1,000. Remove small chairs from Rooms 101-103-104- to Principals and also Mr. Wight's communi- 206-210. Remove 6 Moulthrop desks from each of rooms 201-308-309-310 . cation of October 21, 1924 : Gale School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to 800. Page 103 Supt's. Bulletin April 13, 1926 * * * Wells School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to 300. Remove small chairs from Rooms 105-106-107-108- 213 MOVABLE CHAIRS : As you are aware a com- 206-208-209. mittee of principals , and Assistant Superintendent Carpenter School : Limit occupancy of assembly hall to 500. Remove small chairs from Rooms 19-20-22-26. SUBSCRIPTION Will you please see that these violations are corrected at once, and oblige to Yours very truly, MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Signed-A. B. Wight. Name .. Asst. Superintendent of Schools. Address . (Street and Number) ACCIDENTS WILL HAPPEN City "How does it happen that you are late in Subscription price $2.00 per year. school this morning ? " the teacher asked se- MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite verely. 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 "Please, ma'am, excuse me," Annie said, "I N. Dearborn St., Chicago. Tel. Central 3904. must have overwashed myself." Mention the Bulletin when you buy. May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 335 The Hand That Holds the Salaries Holds the Jobs Teacher Fails of Appointment Before She Takes Examination 1 How a teacher can be counted out of a posi- tions. Practically everyone who applied could do the tion before she ever takes an examination for work. 1 Those who came late or did not show up for the the position is graphically set forth in the examination after having made applications were con- correspondence below. sidered after the other, the first group was graded. 1 C. H. English, Director of the Bureau of This is to notify you that you were not appointed. SELECTED : Recreation, has in his hands the salaries of the playground directors in the recreational de- A meeting of the persons selected is called for Satur- day, May 22, at 10:30 a. m . sharp, in the Board Rooms, partment, in that salaries of members of that 2nd floor, 650 South Clark Street. department in every year of the schedule are C. H. ENGLISH, dependent upon marks, and Mr. English Director, Bureau of Recreation . grades the members of the department. It would seem that Mr. English not only has Chicago, May 17, 1926. Mr. C. H. English, power over their salaries but that he has sim- Director, Bureau of Recreation, ilar power over their appointment. Board of Education, Chicago, Ill . Following are the two communications of Dear Sir : much interest to the teachers : On Tuesday, April 27th, I filed an application for the (This Communication Was Received by the Teacher Whose Answer position as pianist in the playgrounds during the sum- Is Printed Following It) mer. You informed me that if there were too many April 29 , 1926. applicants for these positions it would be necessary to To all Applicants for Recreation Centers : hold an examination of which I would be notified. I There were over 200 applications received for 55 posi- received no notification . tions. You can readily see the problem of selection. The enclosed letter telling me that I had not been Each person was graded on personality, experience and appointed states that my standards were not satisfac- on the paper written. tory. Inasmuch as I took no examination I do not Attempt was made to select the person who would fit understand how this decision was determined. into the situation at the various centers . Yours truly, I was sorry to be forced to set aside so many applica- (Name and Address Withheld) I'll Huff and I'll Puff and I'll Blow Your House Down ! Board Precludes Teachers' Text Books Temporarily Textbooks prepared by members of the school system unless they waive all of the royalty school system were "barred until further in- rights in Illinois, according to an opinion handed to vestigation" at a meeting of the Board of Edu- the school administration committee yesterday by Frank S. Righeimer, attorney for the board of education. cation, May 12. As a result the committee recommended that the The Board's action was the culmination of mathematic text book written jointly by Joseph F. Gon- a prolonged controversy arising over the use nelly, district superintendent in charge of junior high schools, and Miss Grace Huff, a teacher in the Lane of a text book written by Miss Grace Huff, a Technical High school, be dropped as a Chicago text teacher, and by Joseph F. Gonnelley, a dis- book. trict superintendent. Assignment Called Subterfuge Attorney Frank Righeimer submitted an Both Mr. Gonnelly and Miss Huff refused to say to opinion substantiating the objection of Lewis whom they had assigned their royalty rights in Illinois. J. Coath, member of the Board, who took ex- The opinion held such assignment was a subterfuge to come within the letter of the law, and that unless they ception to the text book on the ground that the waived all rights the book was being illegally used in statutes forbid teachers or school officials to the schools. The decision is likely to affect the use of have a financial interest in books used . text books written during the last twenty years by mem- 1 Following is a newspaper article from the bers of the system. Chicago Tribune of March 31, 1926 : The investigation into the Gonnelly-Huff book was Chicago school teachers and principals are practically brought about by Trustee J. Lewis Coath, who charged prohibited from writing text books for the Chicago ( Continued on Page 337) Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 336 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 House Bill, Which If Signed May Supplant Emeritus Service Bill Provides for Retirement of Teachers , Principals , District and Assistant Superintendents Below is printed House Bill No. 521, pro- (b) In the year 1927 all teachers, principals, district viding for the compulsory retirement of teach- superintendents, and assistant superintendents seventy- four or more years of age, shall be retired from active ers , principals, district superintendents and service . assistant superintendents and the payment of (c) In the year 1928 all teachers, principals, district retirement annuities from Educational Fund superintendents and assistant superintendents seventy- in addition to pension . three or more years of age, shall be retired from active In view of the pending hearing on the service. Emeritus Service Rule, much interest is being (d) In the year 1929 all teachers, principals, district manifested in the Bill which awaits the Gov- superintendents and assistant superintendents seventy- ernor's signature : two or more years of age, shall be retired from active 54th G. A. HOUSE BILL NO. 521 1925 service . Introduced by Mr. Miller, April 22, 1925. (e) In the year 1930 and in each and every year there- Read by title, ordered printed and referred to Com- after , all teachers, principals, district superintendents, mittee on Education . and assistant superintendents seventy or more years of age, shall be retired from active service. A BILL Sec. 2. Each person so retired from active service who For an Act to provide for the compulsory retirement of served in the public schools of such city for twenty or teachers, principals, district superintendents, and more years prior to such retirement, shall be paid the assistant superintendents, and the payment of retire- ment annuities . sum of Fifteen Hundred Dollars ( $ 1,500.00 ) annually and for life from the date of such retirement from Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois the money derived from the general tax levy for educa- represented in the General Assembly : tional purposes : Provided, that any teacher, principal, Section 1. In every city in this state having a pop- district superintendent, or assistant superintendent so ulation exceeding 250,000 inhabitants, the board of retired and receiving such annuity shall be subject to education of such city shall retire from active service the call of the superintendent of schools in such city for on February 1 and August 1 of each year, all teachers , consultation and advisory service : And, provided principals , district superintendents, and assistant super- further, that nothing in this Act contained shall in any intendents in the public schools of such city in accord- way impair or prejudice any rights of a teacher, prin- ance with the following schedule : cipal, district superintendent, or assistant superintend- (a) In the year 1926 all teachers, principals, district ent so retired to annuity under the provisions of any superintendents, and assistant superintendents seventy- teachers' pension fund, or teachers' pension and retire- five or more years of age, shall be retired from active ment fund, established in accordance with the provisions service . of any statute of this State . SCHOOL TEACHERS' "A. B. C. " SHOPPING GUIDE SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS FOR BUSY TEACHERS HMR EADED BAGS EXIT Make Your Own IGURE MOLDS CORSET ATS SAVE HALF Repaired , Relined and Duplicated Enter the new"Dream" Detachable Top Figure Mold. B Sink Bags Made to Order DE LUXE BAG SHOP 711 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. F Clean and Dainty for Summer. 10% Discount to Teachers. Mrs. L. MacPHERSON 517 Venetian Bldg . 15 E. Washington St. Our free designing, cutting and pinning service makes it possible. 10% discountto teachers MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . Room 906-17 N. State St. ORSETS UR COATS ILLINERY SUPPLIES REMODELED Gossard Corsets Including FREE designing service of cut- C Lingerie EICHORN 72 E. Madison F During the summer at $25 Furs Stored Free THEO . ABELES 17 N. State St. Dea . 3382 ting, fitting and pinning materials selected Saves 50% on hats. 10% disc. to teachers. MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . Room 906-17 N. State St. REDUCED PRICES ATS EDUCING GARMENTS URS New Spring Styles Bridge Corsets and F Storage, Remodeling, Cleaning, Repairing FANCHON L. TROEGER, Inc. 4th floor Republic Bldg., State at Adams,Wab . 5555 H Popular Prices KORA FOWLER 30 N. Michigan R Surgical Supports BERTHA BRIDGE 926 Marshall Field Annex Central 6328 Mention the Bulletin when you buy . May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 337 EMERITUS SERVICE Five points of interest, neces- ( Continued from Page 329) sary for foot comfort, found in SOCKET - FIT SHOES service or the Board will have to defend its A close-fitting instep, which, right to retain them on the Emeritus Service when laced up, forms a bandage about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- until such time as the 70-Year Age Retirement The flexible construction which exer- Law becomes operative for them. House Bill cises and strengthens the muscles- The soles which are moulded exactly to 521 is printed in this issue. the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- The proper balance which helps you to walk The proceedings of the Board of Education naturally and without strain-and last but not least for January 13, 1926, page 612, names 73 The long, hard wear. These five points combined with a personal inter- Emeritus Service teachers with their ages . est in fitting assures you foot comfort. This list shows that 18 of the 73 on the list D. C. LOCKE'S will have attained the age of 75 or older In the SOCKET FIT Formerly Lobby the in the year 1926. The remaining 55 are below ofthe College that age. The list shows that the number of Shops SHOE STORE Boot Emeritus principals and teachers who will Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Shop come under the provisions of the bill immedi- ately, should the Governor sign it, is as fol- lows : 5 of the 32 elementary teachers now on MISS ANNA R. WALKER Emeritus Service ANNOUNCES THE REMOVAL OF HER SHOP TO SUITE 1316 GARLAND BUILDING 1 of the 2 special teachers 58 EAST WASHINGTON STREET 1 of the 6 high school teachers CHICAGO 8 of the 20 elementary principals TELEPHONE DEARBORN 4642 1 of the 7 Assistants to Principals 2 of the 6 high school principals At the present time, under the Emeritus Rule, those on that service have been paid their salary warrants for the months of Feb- Kittner Fashion Shop Now presenting a variety of compelling styles in ruary, March and April. Their salaries amount COATS, SUITS and DRESSES to one-half of the average salary which they for Spring & Summer Wear received for the last ten years of their serv- Dearborn 3467 914-916 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. ice, provided that no one receives less than $1,500 nor more than $2,500. With the excep- tion of the high school principals, no one on the Emeritus Service is drawing the maximum O. R. May Fur Co. of $ 2,500 provided under the Emeritus Rule. Large Stock on hand Remodeling and Repairing If the Governor signs the bill, the 18 who New CoatsMade to Order come under its provisions are entitled to re- 501 Capitol Building ceive $1,500 out of the Educational Fund and State and Randolph Central 6049 whatever pensions they are entitled to receive Established1897 out of the Pension Fund. It will amount, in most cases, to a total of $2,500. I'LL HUFF AND I'LL PUFF If You Want a Good Shingle Bob or (Continued from Page 335) Permanent Marcel Wave that it was unethical for any one in Mr. Gonnelly's posi- Come in and see us ! tion to offer a text book to the system. JOSEPH P. MARTIN Righeimer Cites the Law 1016 Stevens Bldg. CENT. 1216 DEAR. 6542 "The law is aimed at the use of official position , directly or indirectly, for the purpose of securing a possible advantage to one in such a position," said Mr. Righeimer in his opinion. In the past teachers have assigned their royalties to Fur Storage and Remodeling relatives or friends to come within the law, notifying Now is the time for remodeling. No charge for storage if remodeled during the Summer at our the board at the time. The opinion held such action Summer Rates . to be illegal . Our New Fall Styles Now On Display. The committee concurred in Supt. McAndrew's nomi- nation of Jacob H. Hauch, principal of the Lloyd school, for a district superintendency. Siegel&Barth FUR MFRS. -Chicago Tribune, March 3, 1926. 39 So. State St. Dear. 6023 and 3359 Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 338 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1936 WE'LL PAY YOU May Your Shadows Never Grow Less ! VACATION MONEY Travel This Summer and Make Chicago, May 12, 1926. $200 to $400 per Month To the Lookout, START now to plan a glorious summer. Visit new At the Masthead . scenes and intriguing places . Travel all summer at our expense. Capitalize your experience. Build your Dear Lookout : bank account and your future. Accept this dignified, successful Compton plan. We sailors on the " Sea of Education" in the Many school teachers have made more than $1,000 good bark " Chicago Public Schools" wish to in the summer weeks . Of the hundreds we employ the average is over $250 a month. With that income each has found a wholesome vacation-work coupled express our unbounded admiration for your with pleasure and happiness. splendid article in April 30th issue. The Compton plan is built around the sale of Comp- With such a valiant seaman guiding our ton's Pictured Encyclopedia - a new kind of an en- cyclopedia endorsed by America's leading educators . bark, we sailors can be sure that the rocks and It is backed by national advertising . Compton's meets with a home acceptance and popularity that makes snags and dangerous lures that infest the its selling comparatively easy, its presentation highly interesting. waters of our sea will be detected, and our Get this summer- vacation and money earning plan. boat will eventually ride safe into the harbor. We train you and pay you each week while getting started. You earn handsomely and play as well. Of " Our hearts , our hopes are all with thee ; you, we ask-only that you are an ambitious woman, between 25 and 40 years of age, have had two years of " Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, normal or college training and three years of teach- ing experience. Make good with us and there may be " Our faith triumphant o'er our fears aermanent $3,000 to $5,000 position here for you. Find out now all that Compton's plan may mean to "Are all with thee, are all with thee ! you . Write for details today. " Sail on, Sail on." Address Dept. M. H. Sincerely the sailors, ( Signed by 13 Teachers . ) F. E. COMPTON & CO . 1000 N. Dearborn Street Chicago VERILY A negro soldier in the late war was observed frantically scratching. An officer asked why he did so . "I'se got ' rithmetic bugs," he an- Fits Like swered . The officer inquired what " ' rithmetic 10 % bugs" were and the soldier replied, "Cooties." Off to a Glove ! "De adds to de misery, subtracts from de Teachers You can get quality and style pleasure, divides de attention and multiplies in most any brand of shoes, like all creation ." but you can't get Glove Grip Comfort in any shoes but -Contributed. Arnolds . The glove- fitting instep is patented. The AND A LITTLE CHILD SHALL LEAD Pasadena Combination Lasts THEM ? $10-$11-$ 12 " I had some tax receipts and some special ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP assessment bills on a small piece of Chicago Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. vacant property. As I had a chance to sell this property I was trying to find out what I really paid for it, and I brought my tax bills TEACHERS !! Let MeAttendYou Before Vacation and special assessments to school and gave SUPERFLUOUS HAIR them to my fifth grade pupils to add up for Removed by Multiple Electrolysis me . GUARANTEED PERMANENT AND SATISFACTORY LOUISE B. EVERETT "The sum total was so large that one of my Personal Service small boys decided that I had paid too much 17 N. State Street-Dearborn 5277 and he came up very close and whispered, 'You should have done what my father does. He 56Years In The Fur Business !! I KNOW FUR owns fifty flats and he always takes his tax Why take chances with moths each Summer. OurFur Storage Vaults , of special construction, bills to some politician and you know, he have been designed to eliminate every possible worry . hands him a couple of dollars and so gets F. RANKE FUR CO. Second floor Capitol Bldg. them fixed up so he won't have to pay much. " 159 N. State St. Dearborn 5831 Sent by a Fifth Grade Teacher. (Signature Withheld) Mention the Bulletin when you buy. May 17, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 329 SURSUM CORDA ! ( Continued from Page 323) should be : To secure active and effective di- ENRICI'S is famous no less rection of the schools by affording the largest H opportunities for initiative on the part of for the enduring and deep teachers in the formulation of courses of study friendships it has won than and in the selection of textbooks ; to encourage for the quality of the foods professional interests and to furnish a ready and effective means for the expression of sen- it serves and for the great timents and opinions with reference to ques- volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- tions of school policy. day, before the matinee, it is the great Superintendents and boards that have rec- ognized teachers' councils report generally central meeting place. that the conferences of the members of the council and administrative officials bring great help to the latter. One superintendent says that the educational council has been of more help to him than to the teachers, that it keeps him in touch with them, and that he is thus able to know their opinions upon various matters. In other words, this superintendent is given a broader view of school affairs by those who are closest to the children . A teacher of children HENRICI'S WM. M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT knows the weak points of the course of study ; she knows whether the textbooks in use are well adapted to the children in her grade. 67 W. Randolph St. Granting that the opinion of a single teacher Between Dearborn and Clark Streets might not be worth much, the combined opin- ions of the entire teaching corps are certainly worthy of consideration. 3 Whatever course teachers' councils may take, it should be remembered that the school BERTHAА ОТТ Announces board and the superintendent are the final au- thorities representing the public and that JOINT RECITAL teachers legally have no legislative functions. Wise school boards and superintendents should, however, utilize the first-hand knowl- JACQUES GORDON, Violinist AND edge that teachers have of school conditions. School superintendents generally state that RUDOLPH REUTER, Pianist the work of teachers' councils has been bene- At the ficial. Among the specific achievements the PRINCESS THEATRE following are reported : ( 1) Aided in securing Sunday, Afternoon, May 23rd, at 3:30 a retirement law ; (2) ) conducted successful Seats $ 1.10 and $1.65, Tax Included campaigns for school bonds ; (3) formed loan fund for teachers ; (4) procured general in- CLASSIFIED crease in salaries ; (5) worked out a new Summer Home course of study ; (6 ) unified teachers by social For Rent-In beautiful fruit country, Berrien gatherings ; (7) held meetings for professional Co., Michigan, eight miles from Lake Michi- advancement ; (8) conducted lecture courses ; gan, 80 miles from city, good six-room house, (9) secured use of school buildings for com- well furnished, beautiful grounds, seven large munity purposes; (10) established coopera- shade trees, fruit, garden, garage, cool, rest- tion between schools and private music teach- ful location. D. A. McQueen, Midway 9519 . ers ; ( 11) brought about better working condi- tions for teachers ; (12) provided rest rooms For Rent-Cozy home in Gold Hill, Colorado, for teachers ; (13) organized parent-teacher fully furnished, including six beds, beautiful associations ; (14) equipped playgrounds. -W. S. Deffenbaugh “Significant Movements in City fireplace, sleeping porches. Lovely view, easy, School Systems" in Bulletin 1923, No. 8, issued by Dept. beautiful hikes, moderate terms. Call Van of Interior, Bureau of Education. Buren 7382 . Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 340 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 17, 1926 To Any Chicago School Teacher : Circle Tours Dear Madam : Including NIAGARA FALLS, ■■ the THOUSAND ISLANDS, Quality and Service have always been East --- ADIRONDACKS, AUSABLE CHASM, LAKE CHAMPLAIN, our MOTTO and shall continue to be the GREEN and WHITE MOUNTAINS , BOSTON, the Battlefields of CONCORD and LEXINGTON , MOHAWK so, with all possible improvement in TRAIL, BERKSHIRE HILLS, HUDSON RIVER, WEST Permanent Waving. Your patronage POINT, STORM KING HIGHWAY, SLEEPY HOLLOW COUNTRY, NEW YORK CITY, DELAWARE WATER is appreciated, and we shall be pleased GAP, POCONO MTS ., FIVE FINGER LAKES and WAT- KINS GLEN . to serve you any time by appoint- SESQUI CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION ment. maybe included in Circle Tour East or made as an Independent Tour. Send for booklets The Felix Coune System of ROYAL BLUE LINE MOTOR TOURS Permanent Waving gives 116 South Dearborn St. Randolph 2870 Natural Lasting Waves. Stead- COUNE fast, Faithful Service since 1916 gives us the name of - LEADER - and appreciation French Line of the public. Felix Coune Nowyou cannot afford not to go to Europe Permanent Waving System Co. Tourist III Cabin Round Trip Rate $177 307 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, III. Company's Office 109 N. Dearborn St. European Tours How would you like All expenses-limited parties Your Felt or Straw Hats $395 to $2,100 Reblocked For reservations and booklet- AMERICAN TRAVEL BUREAU, Inc. into up-to-date styles ? Bobbed hair or con- servative styles. Small or extremely large 715-717 Straus Bldg., Chicago headsizes . We have them . We are manu- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- ing Department has access to the best shapes. Bluebird Cottage A trial will convince you of our efficient service. BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at Boulder, Colorado, is open the year round to any Chicago teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. Register NOW for your Summer Vacation. Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. 12 North Michigan Ave. 8th floor Ward Bldg . Reservations may be made in Chicago at 1515 Capitol Building TAYLOR MADE TRUNKS Briefs, Records, Trust Deeds BAGS and SUIT CASES for the vacation traveler Confidential Reports Taylors 28 E.RANDOLPHST. H NEW YORK BST. 1890 CHICAGO BARNARD &MILLER Law &Commercial Printers 172 N. LA SALLE STREET / CHICAGO TelephoneFRAnklin 0562 WALITY Chicago Trunk & Baggage Leather Goods Co. MANUFACTURERS OF Booklets, Catalogs, Circulars, Folders LUGGAGE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION 526 South Wabash Avenue CHICAGO, ILL. Price Lists Wholesale Prices to School Teachers The Most Satisfactory MARINELLO PERMANENT WAVE Approved Beauty Shop Everything in Beauty Culture Guaranteed to Please Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator Suite 602 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 Mention the Bulletin when you buy. 18 VOL. NO . III MargaretHaley's 18 BULLETIN 28 Chicago, Ill . May 31, 1926 The Platoon System Protest The very fact of the existence of the Citizens' School league is a strong indication that there are material and serious objections to the platoon sys- tem as it is operated in Detroit public schools. And the impression that there is sound reason for the move to obtain modifications of the system, if not its complete elimination, is strengthened by the plainly expert nature of a good deal of the testi- mony against it. The league has certainly estab- lished a prima facie case. Those who were instrumental in introducing the platoon system in Detroit and who have been en- gaged in developing it and advertising it about the country naturally are prejudiced in its favor, and some of them may find it hard to listen dispassion- ately and patiently to the protests now coming in. But it is their duty to do so. Children are not brought into the world for the benefit and mainte- nance of a system of education. Educational facili- ties are maintained for the benefit of children ; they are subordinate to the welfare of the child. When a system is not run with this fact clearly in mind, it ceases to be a benefit and becomes an abuse and an evil. Editorial, Detroit Free Press, May 11, 1926. 342 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK the responsibility of recommending a school to your We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us. You will find our courses prepare you so well that much better results will be intensive throughout, and rapid in their preparation obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer. for positions . SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL—Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 - Harrison 1995 When referring students to us-kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. Chicago Trunk & MARIE VEATCH WALITY SCHOOL OF THE DANCE Baggage Leather Goods Co. MANUFACTURERS OF Ballet, Character, Clog, Soft Shoe and Charleston After studying in Spain we are prepared to give the latest and LUGGAGE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION most complete 526 South Wabash Avenue CHICAGO, ILL. Wholesale Prices to School Teachers SPANISH DANCES AND CASTANETTING Special Classes for Theatrical Preparation Insured INDESTRUCTO Trunks An arrangement has been made by the Marie Veatch School whereby her pupils, after sufficient instruction, are placed on the INDESTRUCTO TRUNKS AND LUGGAGE ORPHEUM CIRCUIT Built to last and to Satisfy Write for information CHICAGO SALES ROOM Downtown South Side 20 E. Jackson Blvd. HARRison 8123 Fine Arts Bldg. 5240 Harper Ave. Wab. 7432 Hyde Park 6176 R. W. OWEN, Representative FINE ARTS BLDG . CHICAGO Our Own Kindergarten Training Patented Inner Strap Pestalozzi Froebel Teachers College 3 Courses : Kindergarten, Primary, Playground. BRIEFCASE Overlooks Lake. Central Location. Accredited. 50th Year Opens Sept. 21. Address Registrar, Highest in Quality Box H, 616-22 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago. Lowest in Price Complete TRAVELING REQUISITES Line MACLEAN COLLEGE ofand Music, Dramatic Speech Arts A& B LEATHER PRODUCTS "The Little College" for particular people. Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft Expression, Public Speaking, Dramatic Art. MFG . CO . 10% Discount A perfectly equipped miniature theater for practical work Excellent Instructors, Individual Attention, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Otto Bonke M. Axelman Promotional Credits for Teachers FormerlyDearborn TrunkCo. to Teachers DR. J. C. MACLEAN M. CATHERINE LYONS Republic Building, 220 So. State St. Director Music Dept. Director Speech Arts Dept. Suite 614 Harrison1614 2835 S. Michigan Ave. Phone Victory 7514 CHICAGO ON YOUR VACATION 2001 STRAUS BLDG. TELEPHONE HARRISON 0304 WEAR A SOCIETY EMBLEM LAURA MAE HAYWARD Educational Adviser CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO . , Mfrs . A PERSONAL SERVICE PLACING GIRLS AND BOYS IN SCHOOLS AND CAMPS ADAPTED TO 707 Capitol Building THEIR INDIVIDUAL REQUIREMENTS 159 No. State St. Chicago THIS SERVICE IS WITHOUT CHARGE KITCHING'S GAMUT BELLS 792S. Gamut Bells. Made of the finest tool steel perfectly tuned and producing pure, clear, and mellow tones. There are 25 plates, giving two chromatic octaves from A below middle C to the first A above treble staff. Especially valuable for demonstrating the exact sound belonging to each letter and note in the chromatic scale. A large number of these bells are used with good success in the Chicago schools. Complete with two rubber hammers. Price and further information may be obtained by 'phoning Beverly 3023. CYRUS KITCHING - 2255 West 91st Street CHICACOAPPARATUS CO Bells that haven't been in use for many years may be repaired at reasonable prices by the original maker. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN VOL. 3. No. 18 May 31 , 1926 Page 343 Miss Baird to Represent Teachers in Jefferson Memorial Election Will Have Support of Chicago Teachers' Federation and Federation of Men Teachers Miss Catherine Baird, one of the most dis- will be guests of the Thomas Jefferson Memo- tinguished members of the Chicago Teachers' rial Foundation and the expenses of the trip Federation, has been selected by the Federa- will be paid by that Foundation from a spe- tion to represent it in the Jefferson Centennial cial fund. Election about to be inaugurated in Chicago Monticello, designed and built by Thomas with the co-operation of the Chicago Daily Jefferson on the mountain top overlooking Journal . Charlottesville, Virginia, is considered the Miss Baird's candidacy has been endorsed finest specimen of Colonial architecture in by the Chicago Federation of Men Teachers. America . It is surrounded by a park of 650 Successful candidates will take part in a acres and the estate in addition includes the patriotic pilgrimage to Europe this summer. mansion with its 35 rooms, the honeymoon The trip will be known as the American Birth- lodge, the servants' quarters, the law office day tour in observance of the 150th anniver- and the burying ground where the immortal sary of the signing of the Declaration of author of the Declaration of Independence lies Independence and the 100th anniversary of buried. the death of its author, Thomas Jefferson. Monticello was sold immediately after Jef- Chicago's program is part of a nation-wide ferson's death by his daughter in order to pay movement in which various groups will nom- his debts and it remained privately owned un- inate women to represent them in the Euro- til 1923 when the Foundation took it over pean tour. The election is in no way to be a to make it a shrine of patriotism for the chil- popularity contest. Votes will be sold at the dren of America. It is hoped to accomplish rate of ten for a dollar and cast by the this by July 4 of this year, as the date marks 3 organization for its representative . the 100th anniversary of the death of Jeffer- Upon the request of Governor Harry F. son and the 150th anniversary of the signing Byrd of Virginia, a large number of out- of the Great Document. 1 standing professional and business women of The Centennial Committees stresses the Chicago is being placed in nomination in the point that the election is not to be confused election of which Mayor Dever is honorary with a popularity contest. Candidates are not chairman . in competition with each other, their election 1 The purpose of the election is to raise funds depending upon the raising of $5,000 by means for the purchase and endowment of Monti- of votes, by the organization which they rep- cello, the Virginia home of Thomas Jefferson, resent. in time for the 150th anniversary of the sign- Voting in the election will be from June 10 ing of the Declaration of Independence. to July 3 in the Continental and Commercial Contributors to the fund are privileged to Bank, but contributions may be solicited be- cast as many votes as they choose at the rate ginning June 5. Official ballot books contain- of ten votes for a dollar or ten cents a vote . ing ballots that may be filled in for any num- For each unit of 50,000 votes cast or $5,000 ber of votes at 10 cents each, are deposited raised, one delegate will be chosen for the at the bank, together with the funds . Stand- Patriots' Pilgrimage to Europe. Delegates ( Continued on Page 356) Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . From theMasthead by The Lookout I do not know what kind of record this Board or this School Ad- ministration Committee will make, but Iam certain, in years to come when the historians of educational development look back upon it , that it will be of immense interest to the folks to read of the tremen- dous reaction that took place in the school system of Chicago in 1924 and 1925, when the school councils that had been advocated by all the leading educators in this country for many years , which stood up under conditions of freedom in this system, where suddenly and ruthlessly withdrawn and so far as their effectiveness is concerned, in my judgement , destroyed. -James Mullenbach . Member Chicago Board of Education. To the Teachers of Chicago: In an editorial in the Chicago Tribune of "I want to render a final service to the schools which May 29th, under the caption "In Praise of I have served faithfully for twenty- four years . I am therefore presenting the school situation as it is. Chicago's Public School System," is this final "At no time during my term of service have the teach- paragraph : ers of the city been so anxious, so unhappy, and so "One of the most commendatory things the future distressed, as they are today. Many will protest the history of Chicago will say about the administration of contrary because they do not want to lose their jobs. Mayor Dever is that he gave the people of the city a But if there are any who are unafraid they will confirm my statement." newly progressive public school system." The next day, May 30th, the Tribune quoted On the afternoon of May 13th, the day Mr. Mayor Dever as saying, relative to the ap- Gullette ended his life, a committee of prin- pointment of new members of the Board of cipals met and gave to the press a statement, Education : signed by seven principals, refuting the crit- icism of the administration contained in Mr. "Why should I make any changes. The Board, as it is, seems to be handling school affairs smoothly, so far Gullette's statement of that morning. These as I am informed." seven principals asked the people of Minneap- olis to remember that the statement of Mr. Some of the people of Minneapolis were led to believe that their Board of Education was Gullette "was issued after his great, kind, "handling school affairs smoothly." But on finely balanced mind had broken. " This state- the afternoon of May 13th, Minneapolis was ment of these principals is printed in full on shocked to learn that Mr. Albert Gullette, page 349. admittedly one of the finest and best beloved On the day of Mr. Gullette's funeral the principals in the public schools of that city, Minneapolis Star stated that the principals had that morning taken his own life after who signed that statement "had prepared the sending a statement in his own handwriting statement after having been summoned to the to the President and two members of the Superintendent's office." The Star quoted one Board of Education and to the Minneapolis of the principals, Mr. Maas, as saying : "I re- Daily Star. This statement, which was ceived my invitation to report to the Superin- printed in the Daily Star that afternoon, was tendent's office from a clerk in that office. I a scathing indictment of the administration would not say the invitation came from Mr. of the Minneapolis public schools under the Webster." present Superintendent, Mr. W. F. Webster . A few days after Mr. Gullette's funeral the It is reprinted from the Star in full on page Minneapolis Star published a hitherto unpub- 348 of this Bulletin. The first two paragraphs lished letter written to Superintendent Web- read : ster by another Minneapolis principal, Mr. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. May 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 345 Francis Cleary, on April 24th, three weeks be- says , " seems to contradict the statement of fore Mr. Gullette penned his indictment of the esteemed principals lately given to the the administration of Superintendent Web- press. " Mr. Parsons also refers to " another ster. The Star termed Mr. Cleary's letter not fact hard for these principals to ignore," only complete corroboration of Mr. Gullette's namely, the more recent meeting of hundreds statement, but a more severe indictment of of citizens "to protest against the broken Webster's administration than Mr. Gullette's faith that has made tragedy among the Min- statement ; also that this letter was sent to neapolis teachers and to insist that these Mr. Webster, with request "for his correction teachers be guaranteed at least their rights and comment.” under the rules which govern them ." Mr. Cleary's letter was printed in full in Mr. Parsons' letter then says : the Star, and most of it is reprinted in this "Finally comes this letter of Albert Gullette itself Bulletin on page 349. The concluding para- which they surely can induce no one to believe is the graph reads as follows : work of a disordered mind. These things, if known, must make for much thought on the part of thousands "The teachers are constantly kept on the anxious seat of citizens who have not heretofore been interested in by some new threat coming from the Superintendent's school affairs. For if Mr. Gullette, a man who, his asso- office. The ox - goad is always in evidence. There is no ciates declare, was of a peculiarly strong mind, did inspiration or encouragement for the ambitious teacher become deranged by grief over the condition of teachers in Minneapolis today. She enters the service full of pep in his or other buildings, then surely the system that and ambition. She is soon depressed to the level of produced the woe is under still more severe indictment mediocrity by the depressing influence of the espionage than as if he made an heroic gesture to warn his fellow system in force. Doubt and uncertainty as to what is going to happen next exist in the minds of the teaching citizens of impending disaster." body and this state of unrest and uncertainty cannot Mr. Parsons concludes his letter to the redound to the benefit of the schools . This condition Tribune : will continue until a rational policy of friendly and sym- pathetic cooperation is put in practice by the supervis- "As a closer friend of Mr. Gullette than any of the ing force." principals who signed that statement in your columns, however, I believe that he did make such a gesture, and 1 In regard to Mr. Cleary's letter, the news if the cause dear to him shall be thereby advanced, item in the Star says : costly though the sacrifice, nevertheless, it is a holy one, for the children of Minneapolis will some day highly 2 "Mr. Cleary's letter reveals fully the situation exactly value him, whom his superiors unite in calling a scholarly as described by Mr. Gullette, indicating either a strange gentleman, for his declaration : 'I want to render a final coincidence in the mind of a sane man and of one at- service to the schools which I have served faithfully and tempted to be shown insane, or that an insane man is efficiently for twenty-four years . " principal of a Minneapolis school. For Mr. Cleary still holds his position as principal of the Grant school, In Mr. Gullette's statement of May 13th, he although a renewal of his contract has been denied him. says that the teacher who was the best char- "Besides indicating a state of terrorism and depression acter-builder in his school was dismissed over 1 among the Minneapolis teachers, Mr. Cleary's letter his protest because she was homely and made points out that the rules of the School Board itself are broken in the dismissal of teachers . her own clothes. After his death the corre- " He describes what he calls the abject subjection of spondence between him and the Superintend- the Board of Education, 'two members only excepted,' to ent in regard to this teacher was printed in the dictation of the Superintendent. the Minneapolis Star. It is reprinted here "Mr. Cleary goes further than Mr. Gullette in saying on pages 348 and 349 . that no Board should allow a Superintendent to ' torture a teacher for years to induce her to resign' before What a world of tragedy for the children finally throwing her out publicly. is contained in these words of Mr. Gullette "This extreme corroboration of Mr. Gullette's state- in his letter to Superintendent Webster about ment from a source prior to the Gullette letter over- this teacher ! whelms the insinuation that Mr. Gullette's mind had broken before his death as a 'last service to the Adams In answer to Mr. Webster, Mr. Gullette, on School' of which he was principal." June 27, 1923 , wrote : "You say that you thought I considered her mediocre. On May 15th, the Minneapolis Tribune I want to avoid danger of further misunderstanding. printed a letter addressed to the Tribune by There are some people in the world gifted with unusual Mr. Dudley Parsons, a teacher in the West moral insight. There are also some who are able to High School , Minneapolis, in which he refers impart that vision to others. Miss has both, to a recent meeting of practically all of the and in that respect she is very far from mediocre. When it comes to imparting lesson facts, I do not consider Minneapolis teachers, called for the purpose that she has more than very ordinary ability. From of securing from the next Legislature the that point of view the word mediocre might well be tenure law they very nearly won from the applied. But if I were required to choose from my own last Legislature. This action, Mr. Parsons departmental corps one teacher, and only one, for my Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. 346 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 own children, that teacher surely would be Misss.edy,. reprinted in full in this Bulletin on pages It is my belief that Miss ought not to go, 351-2, and the resolutions, printed here on although her class room work is not entirely up to standard." page 349, adopted, since May 13th, by the Cen- tral Labor Union of Minneapolis ordering a The teacher referred to in the correspond- thorough investigation of the Minneapolis ence has since died . school situation . Mayor Dever is quoted as saying, “ The But, before reading all those records of the school board, as it is, seems to be handling Minneapolis tragedy, read once again this par- school affairs smoothly, so far as I am in- agraph entitled "The Sorrowful," paragraph formed." The publicity now given to the No. 45 of the " Mid Year Prospectus" over the Minneapolis administration of school affairs signature of the Superintendent of Schools of indicates a striking parallel in the fate of Chicago, and dated January 25, 1926 : teachers in Minneapolis and in Chicago who 45. THE SORROWFUL . attempt, individually or collectively, to inform their respective administrations of those Chicago, according to the testimony of those who have known it long, has one of the most well rehearsed things which they consider wrong in their ad- anvil choruses of any school system in the world. Small ministration's "handling" of the schools . in numbers though it be, it has tired out the patience Principal Cleary finds that he is not rec- even of experienced newspaper editors. It attempts to ommended by the Superintendent for reelec- inject a minor dirge into what is naturally the merriest and most interesting of callings. It is unfortunate that tion at the coming annual election of teachers the ever- ready letter writer of this sort advertises to the by the Minneapolis Board of Education . public that our men and women are protesters, com- Faced with the suicide of Principal Gullette, plainers and whiners, when a trip through the schools who did not wait to be discharged after writ- show the prevailing note to be that of cheerful desire to serve the public. These unhappy ones alienate the ing a similar indictment three weeks later, the citizens on whom the schools must depend for the ad- administration brands the Gullette statement justment of funds essential for carrying on . No other the work of an insane mind . organization would risk retaining such debilitating ele- ments when so many more willing applicants are seek- Of the latter charge, the Minneapolis Star, in an editorial under the caption, "Let the ing admission. Give them warning and if they continue their deleterious injection of grief and woe into a serv- Public Know the Truth," says : ice whose success depends on good-natured cooperation, ***** "The insanity defense has been knocked higher bring them before the Board to determine their value. than the great dipper by the testimony of Mrs. T. F. Kinney, whose veracity none will question, that three Will the future historian of Chicago call years ago when she was a member of the school board this " smooth-handling" or manhandling of Professor Gullette repeated to her the same indictment the teachers ? * of Websterism that he did in his death note."" * * * Now, read again this editorial opinion of "It (the Star) does not believe that it would be neces- May 29 , 1926, of the World's Greatest News- sary for the Superintendent and his hand-picked com- paper : mittee of principals to resort to the cowardly attack upon Professor Gullette's sanity just because he called "One of the most commendatory things the future attention to abuses which he alleged the school system history of Chicago will say about the administration of was suffering from, if there was a REAL defense Mayor Dever is that he gave the people of the city a against those charges." newly progressive public school system.” Of the discharge of teachers , the same edi- Then read this statement made on March torial ( printed in full on page 352 of this Bul - 10, 1925, by a member of the Board of Edu- letin) says : cation who was reappointed by Mayor Dever "Teachers who are still employed in the schools, but in May, 1925, and confirmed by unanimous who would probably be fired instantly without a formal vote of the City Council. This is the state- hearing, if their identities were revealed; former teach- ment Mr. Mullenbach made to the Committee ers , some of whom quit rather than continue under the on School Administration before he moved not present regime, and others who claim they have been to concur in the report of the Superintendent persecuted by Mr. Webster, have given their version of authorizing "a hand-picked conference of the the school conditions to the Daily Star." Superintendent," as Mr. Mullenbach called it, Concluding this report on the Minneapolis to take the place of the Teachers' Councils. tragedy, the outcome of a "so-far-as-I-am-in- These Councils had been abolished by the formed" administration of the schools, I urge Board of Education on September 24, 1924, at the teachers of Chicago to read not only the the request of the Superintendent who never letter of Mr. Cleary and the statement of Mr. tolerates an "Anvil Chorus" over which he Gullette, but also the editorials on that trag- cannot brandish a baton . Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . May 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 347 Following is Mr. Mullenbach's statement : Not England alone, but the world, awoke MR . MULLENBACH : Madam Chairman, I talked to the realization of that momentous fact in about this matter when it was up for discussion before. the world's history, when the newspapers of I do not know what kind of record this Board or this the world heralded to the world the tragedy School Administration Committee will make, but I am of the beautiful young American girl, tram- certain, in years to come when the historians of educa- tional development look back upon it, that it will be of pled to death under the feet of the King's immense interest to the folks to read of the tremendous horses , as she dashed to seize the reins, stop reaction that took place in the school system of Chi- that childish royal pageant, and tell that toy cago in 1924 and 1925, when the school councils that King of England that the men of England had been advocated by all the leading educators in this were denied the fundamental right of petition country for many years , which stood up under con- when the women were denied it. ditions of freedom in this system, were suddenly and ruthlessly withdrawn and so far as their effectiveness is That King and that Prime Minister, that no concerned, in my judgment, destroyed. living voice could have reached, listened and I have referred to this thing before, but honestly I in the stilled voice of Inez Mulholland they feel ashamed as a citizen of Chicago when I think of heard the voice of a Nation and of a World . the teachers who teach the children of this city having less to say about the conditions and the policies of our On that day Suffrage was won, not alone educational system than the humblest sewing girl work- for the women of England but for the women ing in the manufacture of our men's clothing has to say of the world ; not alone for women in the about the conditions under which she works . larger community outside the school, of which It looks to me like a degradation of a professional the school is an essential part, but necessarily group that ought to be given a place of dignity in the and as a consequence, participation in deter- 1 community second to none. How are we ever going to mining the policies and the government of the establish a free democracy, a sense of free citizenship school was won for the women and for the where there is no democracy in the school system ? men in the school rooms of the world . Why we should fix this autocratic scheme of things in the center of our school system is a mystery to me , and No one had a clearer vision and understand- why a school board composed of citizens who profess ing of this great truth than Ella Flagg Young , to believe in a democracy should support a doctrine and precepts of that kind is a mystery to me, and, Madam the pioneer suffragist, the awakener of the Chairman, I cannot in all conscience support the Super- spirit of democracy and the builder of the ma- intendent's proposal. chinery of Democracy in the schools . I think that Mr. Layman is absolutely right when he The tragedy of a Detroit, a Minneapolis , or says that the term that is used here is entirely wrong, a Chicago may hasten or delay but cannot speaking of teachers' councils, hand-picked folks to prevent the awakening of that spirit of Democ- come up in this very peculiar general organization that would not really represent the real school teachers . racy nor the upbuilding by that spirit of the They represent particular organizations and the inter- machinery of Democracy for the participation ests of those particular organizations, and to say it is a of teachers in the determination of educa- teachers' council when it is nothing but a sort of hand- tional policies and working conditions in the picked conference committee of the Superintendent is schools . a misuse of terms. It is a poetic license or rather an unpoetic license, if I may put it that way, without any Neither can the Superintendents , nor the sense at all. So, Madam Chairman, I will have only one Boards of Education, nor their creators or motion to make, and that is that we do not approve of creatures prevent the awakening of that spirit . the suggestion of the Superintendent. They may brand the Gullettes "insane" and Teachers , having read Mr. Mullenbach's drop the Clearys as incompetents in Minne- opinion, and that of the Chicago Tribune, ask apolis ; or dub them "The Sorrowful " in Chi- yourselves this question : cago and order their dismissal. But the Su- What WILL the future historian of Chicago perintendents and the Boards of Education, say? that no LIVING voice could reach, will stop and listen and in the stilled voice of Albert It took the supreme sacrifice of an Inez Gullette they, too, will hear the voice of a Mulholland to arouse the men of England to Nation and a World. a realization that the boasted right of every citizen of England, the fundamental right of petition, was lost to the men of England as well as to the women of England when the Prime Minister of England denied to the Eng- lish women the right to petition for suffrage . MorgentA. Haly Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 348 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 Grief Stricken Over School Affairs, Minneapolis Principal Takes Life After Serving Schools 24 Years , Leaves Sorry Indictment of System Another teacher has made the supreme sac- principal that a teacher was leaning against the wall and rifice . that a girl had whispered to her neighbor. "STUPIDLY FOLLOWS MASTER" He is Albert Gullette, principal of a Minne- Mr. McWhorter stupidly follows his master. apolis school and teacher in the Minneapolis Charming Miss Foster is establishing unrest and de- schools for 24 years. A victim of an adminis- ception by the unreasonable demands of her program. tration which he said had disorganized and Teachers believe that if they are to meet the require- ments of Miss Foster and her inexperienced assistants dragged down the public schools, he took his they must do more than is possible for ordinary pupils. own life May 13 in his school in Minneapolis . Throughout the city teachers are therefore doing the Before taking his life he wrote an indict- work and calling it the work of pupils. This is demoral- ment of school conditions in Minneapolis. izing to both teachers and pupils, and teachers are wor- Facts as brought out in that letter parallel ried sick until it is over . so closely conditions in Chicago that these " TENURE BILL NEEDED " newspaper accounts are here published : Teachers need a tenure bill, not for protection but for reassurance. The proposed tenure bill would give Following is the letter in full which Principal Albert no more permanence of tenure to the teachers than the Gullette sent to The Daily Star, A. P. Ortquist, J. E. board nominally assures them under its present rules . Myers and Lowell E. Jepson of the school board, before But the passage of such a law with the backing of the taking his own life : board would bring a relief to the minds of the teachers that would increase the general teaching efficiency to I want to render a final service to the schools which an unbelievable degree . I have served faithfully and efficiently for twenty-four The greatest service that the board of education can years . I am therefore presenting the school situation as render to the girls and boys of Minneapolis is to in- it is. dorse the tenure bill, call for the resignation of Mr. At no time during my term of service have the teach- Webster and replace him with a man who can bring ers of the city been so anxious, so unhappy and so dis- our splendid teaching staff into united, sympathetic or- tressed as they are today. Many will protest the con- ganization . Respectfully submitted, trary because they do not want to lose their jobs . But ALBERT GULLETTE . if there are any who are unafraid, they will confirm my (Note: The Mr. McWhorter referred to is L. N. McWhorter , assistant superintendent of schools, and according to Superintendent statement . W. F. Webster, the Miss Foster mentioned is Miss Eleanor Foster, " WORK OF WEBSTER" supervison of drawing . ) -Minneapolis Daily Star, May 13, 1926. Mr. Webster has performed a service to the schools by putting finances on a clean-cut basis. That is all PROTESTS TEACHERS' DISCHARGE * * that he has accomplished. His other activities have dis- ** organized the schools and dragged them down. His facil- Letters exchanged by the superintendent and Mr. ity in the use of words has made it possible for him to Gullette bearing on the dismissal of the Adams school conceal the havoc he has wrought. He has placed his teacher over the protest of the principal, were made emphasis on firing teachers, not on improving them. He public at the school administration offices . has stated to the principals that it is an economy to At the close of the 1922-23 school term, Mr. Gullette hire cheaper teachers. This represents his one financial wrote to Mr. Webster in regard to the matter protest- blunder. His ideal principal or supervisor is one who ing the teacher's discharge, to which Mr. Webster re- "treats ' em rough." His insistence on outside help is plied, in part : due to his inability to develop and make use of the splen- "You have entirely misinterpreted me in the letter did people in his corps . He considers himself practical, which you have written. I do not wish anybody to mod- yet he has no conception of the principles of efficiency ify his honest judgment because of anything that I say, as they are being worked out in modern industry. He unless his judgment has been modified by what I say. I 1 grows eloquent and tearful when he expresses his love was thinking that it would have been very much better for the girls and boys, yet he destroys the very source for you to say, 'Mr. Webster, I do not think Miss of true service to them by his ruthless browbeating of ought to be dismissed from the force.' I have never teachers . had the impression that you really thought Miss " CHARACTER BUILDER" was a good teacher; had always the impression that you He dismissed the finest character builder from Adams considered her mediocre. school over my protest because she was homely and " I respect your judgment and I respect you very made her own clothes . highly; but I have thought that you oftentimes tried to adjust your judgment to conditions. In matters of this His criticisms are petty and relate to non-essentials . kind you certainly have a right to express yourself with- He visited half a day in a building and reported to the out any reservation ." Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 349 May 31, 1926 In answer, Mr. Gullette, on June 27, * 1923 , wrote : LABOR UNION CRUSADE "You say that you thought I considered her mediocre . The Central Labor union today stands officially I want to avoid danger of further misunderstanding. pledged to carry on the crusade inaugurated by Albert There are some people in the world gifted with unusual Gullette, principal of Adams school, with his death. moral insight. There are also some who are able to im- Resolutions adopted last night by the unions' central part that vision to others. Miss has both, and in organization expressed deepest sympathy to members of that respect she is very far from mediocre. When it Mr. Gullette's family and promised to bring to the atten- comes to imparting lesson facts, I do not consider that tion of the people of Minneapolis, "the heartbreaking she has more than very ordinary ability. From that and discouraging conditions under which Albert Gullette point of view the word mediocre might well be applied. was compelled to carry on his work and which today But if I were required to choose from my own depart- handicap our schools" and to continue the crusade until mental corps one teacher, and only one, for my own the public is thoroughly informed and insists that the children, that teacher surely would be Miss It is things for which he worked and died are achieved. my belief that Miss ought not to go, although her TEXT OF RESOLUTION classroom work is not entirely up to standard." Following is a copy of the resolution : The teacher referred to in the correspondence has * * * Whereas, Albert Gullette, principal of Adams school, since died. I whose kindliness and ability throughout the many years STATEMENT OF COMMITTEE OF of his useful career won the love and esteem of all who PRINCIPALS knew him, has passed on, and The professional committee of the Principals' Forum, Whereas , just previous to his death he wrote a letter of which Mr. Gullette was a member and a former presi- severely arraigning the conduct of the Minneapolis dent, issued a statement Thursday, in which he stated schools in which he declared it was his wish to render a that he apparently wrote those letters " after his great, last service to the schools , and kind, finely balanced mind had broken." Their state- Whereas , the Central Labor union of Minneapolis ment reads as follows : realizes and appreciates the life time that Albert Gullette "We, the members of the professional committee of gave to the advancement of the Minneapolis schools and the Principals' Forum, desire to express our deep regret the supreme sacrifice which he made that in order that at the passing of a fellow worker whom we have so the abuses in the Minneapolis schools might be cor- greatly esteemed. Mr. Gullette was an unusual student, a rected, justice once again prevail for the teachers and man of high ideals and possessed the courage of his the standards of education afforded to which the pupils convictions . are entitled. CARRY ON CRUSADE "We could not be loyal to Mr. Gullette and the work Therefore , be it resolved, that wishing to pay the of his lifetime if we did not refute certain statements highest tribute to the life work of Albert Gullette and 1 which are made in the letter, which could have been his unselfish sacrifice we pledge ourselves to carry on written only during a period of extreme despondency. the crusade in which he played so effective a part for During our long and intimate acquaintance with Mr. the establishment and conduct of schools most beneficial Gullette there has never been an indication that this was for the pupils , most encouraging for the teachers and his true feeling. We feel certain that during his better of which the city may be proud. moments he would never have made the charges con- And to this end we declare our intention of bringing tained in this letter. to the attention of the people of Minneapolis the heart- SAYS " MIND WAS BROKEN" breaking and discouraging conditions under which Albert "It is the policy of the administration to improve in Gullette was compelled to carry on his work and which every way the personnel of the teaching corps ; to retain today handicap our schools until a public thoroughly as far as possible the teachers of experience and worth ; informed realizes the deplorable policies under which our and to bring into our system teachers of decided ability. schools are today conducted and insists that the things "The public must know that the splendid output of for which Albert Gullette worked and died are achieved. the schools can come from none other than a satisfied And, be it further resolved, that we express our deep- teaching corps . est sympathy to the members of the family of Albert Gul- "At no time has it been suggested to principals to lette for the immeasurable loss they and the public reduce efficiency by recommending that inferior or school system have suffered in the passing of this kindly, cheap teachers be employed. able and courageous gentleman. "It is our belief that the schools have never been bet- * -Minneapolis Star, May 20, 1926 . * * * ter organized, and that the objections of education and the effectiveness of instruction have never been more LETTER WRITTEN BY CLEARY ‫با‬ clearly demonstrated than during the past year. Following is the Cleary letter written and sent to Mr. "We can only ask that those who read the accounts Webster nearly three weeks before Mr. Gullette's death : of Mr. Gullette's sudden death will remember that this "In the Sunday issue of the Minneapolis Tribune, un- statement was issued after his great, kind, finely balanced der date of March 14, 1926, there appeared an article mind had broken . (Signed) , purporting to describe accurately the working of the "Zada A. White, Lake Harriet School , Minneapolis school system, under the present adminis- "Ella Probst, Calhoun School, tration. "Prudence Cutright, William Penn School, "The writer of that article indulged in a few remin- "A. F. Benson, Jordan Junior High School, iscences of the ox team experiences of his early youth, "H. H. Maass, Horace Mann School , together with a few observations on the changes that "Philip E. Carlson, Roosevelt High School, have since taken place in educational methods and proc- "Genevieve L. Stone, Whittier School , esses. It is a well-known fact that our earlier experi- 1 " President, Principals' Forum." ences have an important bearing upon later activities in -Minneapolis Star, May 14, 1926. life. No doubt, these early experiences of the head of Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 350 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 our school system are accountable for the goad- stick missed from the office direct, without the required writ- method so prominent in his administration, in accelerat- ten notice, or a blank is sent to the principal, with the ing the activities of the teachers in the Minneapolis approval of the teacher's dismissal recorded thereon in schools . Teachers are not like dumb driven cattle and advance, by one of the assistant superintendents. Teach- object strenuously to being treated as such. ers are being dismissed without the consent or recom- mendation of their principals . They are also being re- TEACHERS HEART OF SYSTEM tained in the system over the written recommendation of "The question at issue at the present time is whether the principal for dismissal and no explanations given. or not the present administration has adopted and put * * * "The following extract from a bulletin recently issued in actual practice a policy that is just and fair. from the superintendent's office explains, in part, just "The most important function of any scheme of school how the recommendation for dismissal comes about. This administration is the employment and the keeping em- bulletin was addressed to 'All Principals' and the word ployed of an adequate and efficient corps of teachers. 'Personal' was printed on the outside of the envelope. These teachers are the heart and the soul of the sys- It says, 'It is unfortunately the fact that assistant super- tem. Any school policy that does not tend to develop intendents have reported in advance of your recommen- and encourage the happiness and contentment that dations most of the people who have been dismissed in naturally flow from the achievement of a task well done, the last two years . I believe that in their visits, once in has failed, in an administrative sense, in one of the most two months, they discover faults in teachers and flaws important essentials of school management. in their work so great that you are afterwards willing LIMIT ON AGE PLACED to make a recommendation for their dismissal, this is "Let us see how this is carried out, in actual practice, some indication of the quality of your supervision.' in the Minneapolis school system . VISITS FAR APART "The superintendent says that the utmost care is ex- "Neither the assistant superintendents nor the superin- ercised in the selection and dismissal of teachers . Al- tendent visit schools ' once in two months.' The writer though not embodied in the printed rules of the board, knows of one school in which no official visit was made the policy has been adopted by the administration not to by one of the aforesaid officials for a period of years be- consider the application of any teacher who has attained fore a teacher was selected from that building for dis- the age of 40 years or more, no matter what her qualifi- missal without the recommendation or approval of the cations or success as a teacher may be. This attitude principal. of the administration towards the teaching profession is "In the superintendent's writings, talks and interviews notice that the age of 40 years is the dead line for teach- he stresses and repeats the statements that appear in ers in the Minneapolis schools. This notice does not the Tribune article : 'That teachers reach the peak of promote either happiness or contentment among our their efficiency in about five years, usually between the teachers, but tends to lower their morale and lessen their ages of 32 and 36 years; that they may remain station- efficiency, and as a natural result, reacts upon the chil- ary for a time, thereafter they degenerate, both mentally dren in the schools, to their detriment. * * * and physically.' These and other psychological discour- PUBLIC HEARING REFUSED agements are being constantly hurled at them. If they are unfortunate enough to be sick 10 days during the "The dismissal of teachers is as carefully guarded as * * * The administration school year they are told that they are dishonest in their their employment, it is said . statements and that the married teachers were the worst and the school board refuse to state the charges, in writ- of the lot; that out of a list of 125 teachers who had ing, as the rules provide. They also refuse to give a pub- taken the full 10 days sick leave, 40 of them were mar- lic hearing to the dismissed teacher, as the rules provide . ried. The unmarried teachers were threatened with a This is not done to protect the teacher but to protect rule excluding them if they married during their term the administration from exposing to public scrutiny the of service and the married teachers were threatened with real motive prompting the dismissal. The abject sub- ex- a rule excluding them because they were already mar- mission of the board of education, two members cepted, to the dictation of the superintendent, on all ried. Both married and single teachers were constantly kept on the anxious seat by some new threat coming matters concerning the hiring and the dismissal of teach- from the superintendent's office. Never by any chance ers , is responsible for the acts of cruelty and persecu- were words of praise doled out to the conscientious tion now being practiced upon members of the teaching teacher. The ox-goad is always in evidence . force. No board should allow its superintendent to tor- SPY SYSTEM CHARGED ture a teacher for years to induce her to resign, and failing in this finally throw her out publicly. Such "There is no inspiration nor encouragement for the treatment is cruel and inhuman and the wonder is that ambitious teacher in Minneapolis today. If she enters the service full of pep and ambition, she is soon de- more of our retired teachers have not broken down, pressed to the level of mediocrity by the depressing in- mentally, than have. The board of education cannot fluences of the espionage system in force. Doubt and escape its responsibility for these acts . They are pri- uncertainty as to what is going to happen next exists marily responsible to their constituents for the manner in the minds of the teaching body and this state of un- in which the administration is conducted. rest and uncertainty cannot redound to the benefit of PROCESS SLOW, CUMBERSOME the schools. This condition will continue until a ra- "In the Tribune article the superintendent outlines a tional policy of a friendly and sympathetic co- operation method of procedure followed in the dismissal of teach- is put in practice by the supervising force . ers. He concludes this outline by saying ' I do not know " F. CLEARY, how more could be done.' He does less. The process "Principal Grant School." is too slow and cumbersome for the dismissal of some -Minneapolis Daily Star, May 20, 1926. teacher who has offended, just how or when or where he [Editors note : Portions omitted are concerned with appointments declines to state in writing. The teacher is either dis- of teachers, etc.] Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . May 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 351 LET THE PUBLIC KNOW THE TRUTH ! Some public-spirited organization should come forward and sponsor the investigation. Certain members of the Why not have an impartial survey of conditions in school board whose arms are continuously locked with the public schools ? those of Webster will oppose it. They will probably If the administration of Superintendent Webster is not assist in a war of vengeance upon every teacher who what it should be, certainly the public would be better dares to tell what she knows about the system. But they off if the facts were known and a real superintendent can be thwarted and the public can deal with them when was put at the head of the schools . they come up for re-election . If the contrary is true and Mr. Webster is accomplish- ing what he and his friends insist is being accomplished, It will not be necessary to reveal the identity of wit- the opposition would be silenced and our educational nesses who do not respond to the Websterian whistle. system might sail along on an even keel for awhile. Immunity can thus be assured to all those who give in- The Daily Star is not convinced that the administra- formation to the investigators . tion of Superintendent Webster is efficient or just. Here are just a few of the questions we would like to It does not believe that there would be such a decided see answered: opposition to the superintendent's policies an opposi- What is the largest or the average number in classes under the tion the amazing extent of which was emphasized by the direction of one teacher in each of the several grades in the Minne- apolis schools ? dramatic suicide of Professor Gullette-if those policies What is the maximum number recommended by the North- Cen- were correct and were justly carried out. tral Association of Colleges for the most efficient education ? It does not believe that it would be necessary for the Has Mr. Webster stated and does he believe that an increased number in classes does not affect the quality of the work done? superintendent and his hand-picked committee of prin- cipals to resort to the cowardly attack upon Professor How many periods of work, counting hall duty, study hall super- vision and outside activities does the High School teacher have ? Gullette's sanity just because he called attention to How many clock hours ? abuses which he alleged the school system was suffering How does that compare with the teaching load recommended by 1 the North-Central Association ? from, if there was a REAL defense against those charges. On what study or experience does Mr. Webster base his belief The insanity defense has been knocked higher than the that advanced college work makes better teachers and is a fair basis for salary adjustments ? great dipper by the testimony of Mrs. T. F. Kinney, Is it a good plan to drop experienced teachers and replace with whose veracity none will question, that three years ago young inexperienced teachers ? when she was a member of the school board Professor Would such a plan place still heavier burdens on the older teachers Gullette repeated to her the same indictment of Webster- that remained ? ism that he did in his death note . Has Mr. Webster stressed the cost, to the taxpayer, not the pupil, of repeating the work of a grade not well learned ? Teachers who are still employed in the schools, but Would the criticism of a teacher because of a considerable number who would probably be fired instantly without a formal of failures result in that teachers passing pupils who might benefit by repeating the work ? G hearing, if their identities were revealed, former teach- What is the maximum teacher's salary in Minneapolis, Milwaukee, ers, some of whom quit rather than continue under the Chicago, Cleveland, and St. Louis ? What is the Superintendent's salary in the same cities ? present regime, and others who claim they have been Has Mr. Webster stated that the teachers' salaries would probably persecuted by Mr. Webster, have given their version of be reduced ? school conditions to The Daily Star. Was a $3,000.00 maximum promised the teachers of Minneapolis ? Repeatedly they have charged that Mr. Webster has If so, what became of it ? Is the statement that teachers do not improve after the third or adopted a policy which is lowering the efficiency of the fourth year a criticism of the teacher or of a system that does not school for the purpose of making the superintendent's reward ability ? record look good. This is a fine time for some civic organization to come ‫لا‬ Mr. Webster's reply to the charge of demoralization to the front and sponsor an inquiry into school condi- of the school system made by Professor Gullette was that tions. No better service, we believe, could be rendered the records showed pupils were progressing better today to the community. than they ever had before . -Editorial , Minneapolis Daily Star, May 20, 1926. Many teachers have informed us that Mr. Webster has 5 dwelt so strongly upon the expense entailed by forcing pupils to remain in the same grade for another half year because they failed to merit promotion, that it has be- THE PLIGHT OF THE TEACHER come the rule and not the exception to make promotions whether they were deserved or not . There seems to be only one thing for Minneapolis By doing this, the teacher's record looks good, the teachers in the public schools to do. superintendent's does, too, and the taxpayers are saved They must hunt for other jobs. money. But what about the pupil ? By the admission of members of the board of educa- If these charges are true, who will insist that we have tion, at least, there is no standard of success in teaching . efficiency in our schools ? Who will insist that the super- intendent's record is what it seems to be ? A teacher may give the best part of her life to inspir- An impartial investigation of the schools could harm ing the children who come under her guidance. She no one . It should be conducted by unprejudiced ex- may mould character, turn out pupils who are a credit perts who have no axes to grind and nothing to serve to themselves and the community, or actually transform but the common good. It should be undertaken by peo- them from dullards to brilliant, useful citizens and the ple who will call a spade a spade . board will be unable to decide whether she is entitled It will not cost such a large sum of money as Mr. to hold her job or not. Webster's apologists would like to have us believe. But If she fails as a school politician, it is reasonably cer- regardless of the expense, it should bring about results tain that she will get the axe at the first opportunity well worth the amount expended. that presents itself. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 352 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 She may not even ask the reason for her dismissal . "We can only ask that those who read the accounts None will be given. of Mr. Gullette's sudden death will remember that this Though her fault be something of which she is totally statement was issued after this great, kind, finely bal- unconscious, something which she might easily correct anced mind had broken ." if she knew about it, she must take the stigma of failure What evidence have these principals that "this great, no matter how much it may appear to her to have been kind, finely balanced mind” HAD BROKEN ? success and she must take it without a whimper. Are they psychiatrists ? Are they competent to If she wishes to abandon teaching and take up po- judge ? Is their knowledge first hand, guess -work or litical chicanery, she may hold her job, but what a price hear-say ? she will have paid for her pay-check ! And if they are not sure of their facts, does a charge If the real teachers in Minneapolis wish to escape this of this kind against a fellow-principal come in good sort of position they may go to other cities that are grace? able to tell an efficient teacher when they see one or Furthermore, admitting merely for the sake of argu- they may enter private business where intelligence and ment that the charge is true, would Prof. Gullette's san- devotion to duty may make up for a late start in such ity have been questioned by these principals if, instead a career . of bitterly excoriating Superintendent Webster's admin- It will be necessary, then, of course, for Minneapolis istration, he had, in order to "render a service,” gone people to take over the education of their own children . to the other extreme and lauded that administration to a Perhaps the governess system will have to be installed, point of utter ridiculousness ? giving an opening to some of the good teachers who Pertinent and pointed questions these. But they are are poor politicians . questions fully justified in view of the fact that this is What matter that this would be many times more ex- not the first time the sanity of a teacher has been ques- pensive than it would be to get a school board and a tioned because he failed to meet the approval of the superintendent who can tell good teachers when they superintendent of schools . see them ? Did it ever occur to anyone to elect educators to the The Daily Star has in its files some interesting infor- mation about a former teacher who was accused of school board ? being a psycopath before he was fired. And in order to -Editorial, Minneapolis Daily Star, May 20, 1926. refute that charge, he went before one of the best known alienists in the United States and submitted to an ex- THE INSANITY DEFENSE amination at the conclusion of which the psychiatrist expressed a burning desire to peep inside the head of Convinced in his own mind that the schools of the the man who had made such an absurd charge . city are suffering from misadministration, Prof. Albert Gullette, principal of the Adams school, dramatically It would be well, we believe, for the school board to ended his life after writing letters to members of the make a little investigation of this system of questioning school board and to The Daily Star condemning present the sanity of teachers when they fail to agree with the administration . conditions . -Editorial, Minneapolis Daily Star, May 20, 1926 . His suicide, as revealed by his letters , was for the purpose of rendering "a final service" to the schools in which, admittedly, he has served faithfully and well for 24 years . It is a long time since I have heard any of The letter received by The Daily Star was written en- the teachers in the larger systems talking tirely in longhand. It was indited in a firm hand. The shop . Why bother when the most important phraseology of that letter speaks for itself. It gives the part of their thinking is done by somebody best possible evidence as to whether the mind of the else ? Very few complain of having writer was clear . too much to do. It is the futility of what they "At no time during my term of service," Prof. Gullette wrote, " have the teachers of the city been so anxious, do that irks them, and the number of things so unhappy and so distressed as they are today. Many they must leave undone. will protest the contrary because they do not want to -Helen Southwick in the Educational Review, April, lose their jobs. But if there are any who are unafraid, 1926 . they will confirm my statement. " And how quickly the truth of this assertion has been proven . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Before the funeral services could be conducted, be- fore any investigation into the tragedy had been con- MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher ducted, comes a statement from certain school princi- pals which certainly cannot have the effect it was MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten designed to create. months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. "We could not be loyal to Mr. Gullette and the work THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies , 15 Cents. of his lifetime," the statement reads, "if we did not LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. refute certain statements which are made in the letter, which could only have been written during a period of ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of extreme despondency. It is our belief that the schools have never been better organized and the MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American effectiveness of instruction has never been more clearly Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Phone Central 3904 demonstrated than during the past year . Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . May 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 353 Emeritus Teachers Ask for Opinion of Status Signing of 70 Year Retirement Bill Creates New Situation The hearing before Judge Torrison on the that they be paid their back salaries, or that portion of Emeritus Service ruling as a result of the suit their back salaries which they have not already been paid , in order to place them in the same condition as brought by Samuel Leland, a teacher, has been teachers and principals that they were in before the postponed till June 8 at the request of Mr. passage of the so-called Emeritus Service rule . Righeimer. The hearing has been postponed Your recommendation, we all sincerely believe, will several times owing to other cases pending, be followed by the Board of Education and we further occupying the judge's time. confidently believe that your action and the action of A new light was shed on the Emeritus the Board in following your recommendation will re- Service rule when the Governor on May 19, ceive the practically unanimous approval of the public. Very truly yours , J. A. ARMSTRONG 1926, signed the 70-Year Teachers' Retirement C. C. DODGE Bill . G. A. OSINGA In order that the status of the teachers of P. S. On further consideration it appears that as the 1 the Emeritus list may be determined, the fol- " retirement annuities" act went into force after Febru- lowing letter, dated May 24, 1926, and signed ary 1 , 1926, and before August 1, 1926, and as the twenty- one teachers, etc. , mentioned are still in the by James A. Armstrong , C. C. Dodge and 1 service they will have to be retired on August 1, 1926, G. A. Osinga, was sent to Superintendent as commanded by that Act as " seventy-five or more years McAndrew, who requested it : of age" and should be paid in full until then what they would have received had no rule been passed . This Chicago, May 24, 1926. Hon . William McAndrew, would seem to be the only way to avoid litigation with them. A copy of the Act is herewith enclosed for your Superintendent of Schools, S convenience. Chicago .. Dear Sir: In a recent conference had between you and some Below is the letter to Governor Small sent of the teachers and principals mentioned in your by Mr. Armstrong and Mr. Dodge, President Report No. B 13535 to the Board of Education shown and Secretary, respectively, of the Emeritus in its proceedings of January 13 , 1926, at page 612 and Service Group : J others , you suggested that they formulate in writing a Chicago, May 20, 1926 . suggestion to you as to what course, in their opinion, To His Excellency , you and the Board of Education should pursue in view Governor Len Small . of the recent signature by Governor Small of the Dear Sir : retirement annuities bill passed by the legislature in The teachers of Chicago owe you a debt of gratitude 1925 and which has now become a law. which we wish hereby to acknowledge for the part you In view of the passage of this law , under the terms have taken in making a law for retirement of teachers of which about twenty- one of the teachers and prin- after a life of service. Heretofore teachers have had to cipals will be retired on " retirement annuity under the look forward to an old age with but a small income new act" in 1926; and about nine in 1927 ; about twenty- saved from a very meagre salary, and a small pension one in 1928 , and about twenty-three in 1929 , making a which has come largely from deductions from their total of seventy-four, which approximately covers all salaries . of the first list that you prepared of those whom you Worse than this is the possibility of such unjust treat- ‫ل‬ reported should be placed on the so-called Emeritus ment as has been shown to seventy-four of us who were Service list; and in view of the public policy of the removed from our positions upon only a few days' no- people of Illinois, by the passage of this law, as to tice, without cause and in violation of one of the statutes the treatment of tried and trained teachers and princi- of the state. pals of mature age in the matter of pension and retire- The law which you have helped to enact by affixing ment, we would respectfully suggest that you recom- your signature thereto will be a safeguard to the teach- mend to the Board of Education of the City of Chicago ers' positions in Chicago and a proper care for them the rescinding of the rule providing for the so-called during the few years that remain to them after their Emeritus Service, which rule we believe was passed years of active service have ended. under the impression that there was no retirment an- We of the so-called Emeritus group are especially nuity law in existence. under great obligations to the three state officials who We further respectfully suggest that you recommend have seen the justice of a legislative measure for our to the Board of Education that you and it together relief under such exceptional circumstances. cause those teachers and principals not now affected by Again thanking you for the part you have taken in the recently enacted law, and whose names are now this matter we remain , on the so-called Emeritus Service list to proceed with Yours in behalf of the Teachers of Chicago . their work and duties as they were and in the positions which they occupied before the passage of the rule, and (Signed) J. E. Armstrong, President of the Group. C. C. Dodge, Secretary. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 354 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 Organizations Oppose Reappointment of Mrs. Hefferan Newspaper Prints Correction on Story Naming Miss Haley as Hefferan Sponsor Business men and women as represented in Chicago, May 25, 1926. To the City Council, the Devon District Business Association and City of Chicago. the North West Side Parents' League have Gentlemen : entered the ranks of those opposing the reap- The North West Side Parents' League protests against the reappointment of Mrs. W. S. Hefferan to the Board pointment of Mrs. Hefferan to the Board of of Education, because of her treatment of the parents Education . in this section of the city whose young children, without Because of Mrs. Hefferan's alleged unfair previous notice to their parents or reasons therefor, were ordered to leave the schools near their homes and treatment of children and parents, the two or- cross dangerous thoroughfares and railroad tracks, and ganizations have voiced their protests. They to walk under long viaducts to distant schools . have sent protests to the members of the City Many school children in this section of the city have Council . The North West Side Parents ' lost months of school this year on account of these un- just and arbitrary orders. The protests and appeals of League has asked that it be given a hearing the parents of these children came before Mrs. Hefferan before the Schools Committee of the Council . as Chairman of the Committee on School Administration of the Board of Education and the aldermen in this Apropos of the reported movement to have section, especially Alderman Nusser, know as well as Mrs. Hefferan reappointed, the Chicago Daily the parents the unfair treatment these parents received News of May 29, printed a denial by Miss from Mrs. Hefferan . Haley of the Chicago Teachers' Federation, Before confirming any appointments to the Board of Education we respectfully request that the City Council of a story previously printed in the News, re- give us an opportunity to be heard on this matter before ferring to Mrs. Hefferan as Miss Haley's mem- the Schools Committee of the Council . ber of the Board of Education and accusing Yours respectfully, Miss Haley of being responsible for her THE NORTH WEST SIDE PARENTS' LEAGUE, ( Signed) Alexander O'Hare, Chairman. appointment . Following is the News' correction : Chicago, May 11, 1926. Dear Alderman : Miss Margaret Haley, business representative of the In re: School Board Appointment of Helen Hefferan. Chicago Teachers' Federation, today denied reports that The term of Helen Hefferan as school trustee expired Mrs. W. S. Hefferan of the board of education, whom on April 30, 1926. The Mayor, if he was correctly she is opposing for reappointment, was ever " her mem- quoted in the Chicago Evening American, April 16, ber of the board . " intends to reappoint her for a term of five years. "My organization is opposing the campaign for re- You, the city council, will be called upon to confirm appointing Mrs. Heffernan," she said. "But she isn't and her appointment. never was, my member. The report that Mayor Dever In her term of office now expiring, we can offer you appointed her at my request is not true. I was not the evidence that her conduct has not been for the best of one who asked for her appointment." the Chicago school children, and she has acted in a Mrs. Hefferan became a member of the board in 1923 . manner not befitting a public official. We have personal Her term expired on May 1, but she is remaining in knowledge of these facts. We consider that the best office pending the announcement of a successor. It is interests of the Chicago schools demand that she be understood that she is a candidate to succeed herself removed from the Board of Education. We are asking with a new term of five years . you to vote against the confirmation of the appointment. I know you have always worked in the best interest of the Children of Chicago and I know, too, your record in this case will conform with your past record. Following are the letters of the North West Very truly yours, Side Parents' League and of the Devon Dis- (Signed) Roger Minwegen, trict Business Association : President Devon District Business Ass'n. There Are Lots of Johns MAYBE THAT'S THE ANSWER " John," asked the teacher, "what is a syno- nym ?" Teacher : Richard, what is the difference between " he will" and "he shall !" "A synonym, " replied John, "is the word you use when you can't spell the other one. " Richard : " He will" is future tense and " he -Harper's Magazine. shall" is later. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . May 31, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 355 Federation Voices Approval of Tax Appraising Program Protests Salary Deductions in Violation of Board Rules The Chicago Teachers' Federation voiced The Chicago Teachers' Federation respectfully re- its satisfaction with the program to appraise quests that this matter be referred to the Committee on Rules for investigation . lands and buildings of the downtown district for tax valuation purposes in a letter sent to Respectfully submitted , THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION, the Board of Education May 25, 1926. The Federation also notified the Board that (Signed) Mary M. Abbe, President. the Federation had voted unanimously to co- Frances E. Harden , Corresponding Secretary . operate with the Board of Education and the APPROVAL OF APPRAISING City Council in their efforts to obtain needed May 25, 1926 revenue for the schools and other purposes . To the Honorable the Board of Education , On the same day the Federation sent a com- City of Chicago. munication to the Board of Education protest- Ladies and Gentlemen : ing the deduction, contrary to the Board rules, The Chicago Teachers' Federation, at its regular of salaries of teachers, absent for illness . meeting Saturday, May 15, by unanimous vote, ex- This communication was referred to the Com- pressed its satisfaction with the action of the City mittee on Rules and Finance . Council taken Wednesday, May 12, authorizing a con- tract with the Manufacturer's Appraisal Company of PROTEST AGAINST SALARY DEDUCTIONS Philadelphia for appraisals of lands and buildings of the May 25, 1926 "downtown" district for tax valuation purposes as ap- To the Honorable the Board of Education , proved by the Joint Committee of the Board of Edu- City of Chicago . cation and City Council. Ladies and Gentlemen : The Federation also voted unanimously to cooperate At the meeting of The Chicago Teachers' Federation with the Board of Education and City Council in their of May 15th, information was presented that deduc- efforts to secure needed revenue for the schools and tions from salaries of teachers absent on account of other needs of the city through fair and equitable illness have been made in violation of the rules of assessment of property instead of by increasing the the Board of Education ; that when complaints have tax rates . The officers of the Federation were directed been made by these teachers a printed copy of what to notify the Board of Education of this action . purports to be, but is not , the rule of the Board of Respectfully submitted, Education, was shown to these teachers as authority THE CHICAGO TEACHERS' FEDERATION, for such deductions , and that these teachers are with- ( Signed) Mary H. Abbe, President. out redress . Frances E. Harden, Corresponding Secretary . Do You Get The Bulletin? Do You Read The Bulletin? Can You Afford To Be Without It? Have You Paid For It? If Not- WILL YOU NOW ? Margaret Haley's Bulletin 127 N. Dearborn St. Subscription Price, $2.00 Central 3904 Make Checks Payable to Margaret Haley's Bulletin Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 356 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 Miss Baird, Representative should play a prominent part in the memorial ( Continued from Page 343) activities. Jefferson was the most persistent ings will be reported daily through the Chi- foe of ignorance this country has produced cago Daily Journal which has been designated and it was he who devised the system of com- the official sponsoring newspaper for this dis- mon school education that enabled the young trict. A contribution of $5,000 obtained Republic to move forward with such rapidity. through any organization, assures election of A committee will be organized to further its candidate. Miss Baird's election and Chicago teachers The delegation will sail from New York will be asked to support her candidacy by July 17 and return September 9. The tour their votes . will include seven European countries with Miss Haley has given her unqualified en- official receptions accorded the delegates by dorsement to Miss Baird. " Miss Baird is the President of France, Premier Mussolini, indeed a fitting representative of the teach- Pope Pius XI, and by the American Ambas- ers , " said Miss Haley in giving her support to sador to the Court of St. James . At the re- Miss Baird. "She has Jeffersonian simplicity ception at Sulgrave Manor, the ancestral and democracy. She has the moral courage home of the family of George Washington, to stand for her convictions, too. Her judg- Ambassador Houghton will present the Jef- ment is based on knowledge and experience. ferson medals to the honor delegates of the party . " Chicago teachers, I am sure, will welcome The Foundation is a non-partisan organiza- this opportunity to help a cause which must tion of American men and women dedicated to necessarily be near their hearts and at the same time to show their love and admiration the task of preserving Monticello as a Na- tional Shrine of Patriotism for the children for one of their number whose career has been of America. The Board of Governors in- made noteworthy by adherence to the highest cludes President Coolidge, William McAdoo, ideals of the teaching profession." Theodore Roosevelt, Edward Hines , Patrick Miss Baird has been a teacher for more Cardinal Hayes, Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, than 25 years . She spent last summer in Stuart G. Gibbonay, Mrs. Charles Dana Gib- Paris perfecting her study of French. She son, Rabbi Nathan Krass, Lady Astor, the was a member of the committee of nine teach- Rev. Ernest M. Stires, Governor Harry F. ers sent to Detroit by the Chicago Teachers' Byrd, J. Hamilton Lewis, Dr. Edward A. Federation in December, 1924, to study the Alderman, Alfred M. Bassett, Dr. J. W. Hale, operation of the platoon system. She was Henry Alan Johnston, Mrs. E. D. Hotchkiss also a member of the elementary teachers' and Felix Warburg. council and its spokesman before the Commit- It seems particularly fitting that the Chi- tee on School Administration of the Board of cago Teachers' Federation should be repre- Education at the memorable hearing of June sented in the movement and that a teacher 3, 1924, on the Junior High School. SCHOOL TEACHERS' "A. B. C." SHOPPING GUIDE SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS FOR BUSY TEACHERS BC H MR EXIT Make Your Own EADED BAGS IGURE MOLDS CERSET ATS SAVE HALF Repaired , Relined and Duplicated Enter the new "Dream" Detachable Top Figure Mold. Siik Bags Made to Order DE LUXE BAG SHOP 711 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. F Clean and Dainty for Summer. 10% Discount to Teachers. Mrs. L. MacPHERSON 517 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. Ourfreedesigning, cutting and pinning service makes it possible. 10% discountto teachers MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . Room 906-17 N. State St. ORSETS ILLINERY SUPPLIES UR REMODELED COATS Including FREE designing service of cut- Gossard Corsets Lingerie EICHORN 72 E. Madison FU During the summer at $25 Furs Stored Free THEO . ABELES 17 N. State St. Dea. 3382 ting, fitting and pinning materials selected. Saves 50% on hats. 10% disc. to teachers. MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . Room 906-17 N. State St. REDUCED PRICES ATS EDUCING GARMENTS URS New Spring Styles FURS Storage, Remodeling, Cleaning, Repairing FANCHON L. TROEGER, Inc. H Popular Prices KORA FOWLER Bridge Corsets and Surgical Supports BERTHA BRIDGE 4th floor Republic Bldg., State at Adams,Wab.5555 30 N. Michigan 926 Marshall Field Annex Central 6328 Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 357 May 31, 1926 Five points of interest, neces- sary for foot comfort, found in THE IDLE HOUR SOCKET - FIT SHOES A close-fitting instep, which, when laced up, forms a bandage about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- "The best of all ways to lengthen our The flexible construction which exer- cises and strengthens the muscles- days The soles which are moulded exactly to the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- The proper balance which helps you to walk Is to steal a few hours from the night, naturally and without strain and last but not least The long, hard wear. my dear." These five points combined with a personal inter- -From an Old Irish Song. est in fitting assures you foot comfort. D. C. LOCKE'S In the Lobby SOCKET FIT , Formerly the The few remaining weeks of school have a of the College treat in store for Chicago teachers in the Shops SHOE STORE Boot Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Shop series of lectures to be given by Miss Julia K. Sommer, formerly of the Coonley School . For five years Miss Sommer conducted an experimental school in California . She has To Any Chicago School Teacher : been studying at Columbia University the last Dear Madam : year and has just returned to Chicago to give Quality and Service have always been a series of four Saturday afternoon lectures our MOTTO and shall continue to be in June. so, with all possible improvement in Her program which will be given at 3 Permanent Waving. Your patronage 1 o'clock in Roorn 725 Kimball Building, are is appreciated, and we shall be pleased open to all interested. to serve you any time by appoint- ment. Following is the schedule : June 5-Our Instincts and Their Sublima- The Felix Coune System of E tion. Permanent Waving gives June 12- The Mechanism of Consciousness . Natural Lasting Waves. Stead- FELIXCOUNE June 19-The Psychology of Behaviorism . fast , Faithful Service since June 26-Our "I. Q." and What It Indicates. 1916 gives us the name - of LEADER - and appreciation of the public. Dr. William T. Root of the University of Felix Coune Pittsburgh School of Education is authority Permanent Waving System Co. 307 North Michigan Avenue for the statement that " as a rule those of low Chicago, III. mentality are good handwriters." He de- clared in a recent address that "intelligent people think twenty times faster than they Luncheon can write and therefore muscular movement is so far behind the activity of the brain that Candies the result is a poor scrawl. The person low in mentality has nothing else to think about Rich Ice Creams but the shape of the letters." Much as though you would conceive in your -Journal of Education, April 22, 1926. own mind the finest and most desirable things to eat and then find them in Y beautiful surroundings-moderately priced ! SUBSCRIPTION At My New Tea Room to JULIA KING'S MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. Near Randolph St. Name . Address . (Street and Number) DISTINCTIVE PERMANENT City WAVING SpecialAppointment Time SetAside for Teachers Subscription price $2.00 per year. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite Anne Heathcote Studio 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 608 Republic Building-209 South State Street Telephone Harrison 9060 N. Dearborn St., Chicago. Tel. Central 3904. FRANCES Specializes in Cutting Curly Hair Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 358 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN May 31, 1926 Common Sense Angelo Patri Sums Will Tell You ARNOLD CLOVA CHIP 5-025 Glove Grip Shoes are made It Up as any shoe ought to be made -like the footprint. They are flexible enough for com- Angelo Patri, that keen analyst of school conditions, fort, but with support enough has contributed a small masterpiece in the following for the arch . For men and women. In combination lasts . sketch which appeared in the Chicago Daily News of Combination Lasts May 31 , 1926. It is printed here, that all the teachers may enjoy the $10-$11-$ 12 subtlety of his pen: ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP Miss Ruby started teaching with a great Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. thrill. Her heart was uplifted by the thought of what she was going to do for the children who were going to sit on the benches before How would you like her . She went into the office and reported for duty . Your Felt or Straw Hats " I'm Miss Ruby, the new teacher," said she Reblocked happily . into up-to-date styles? Bobbed hair or con- "Miss Ruby ? I see. You are to take class servative styles. Small or extremely large 3, room 108. These are your keys . These are headsizes . We have them. We are manu- facturers of the finest hats and our Reblock- your report sheets. This is for attendance ; ingDepartment has access to the best shapes. this is for special cases ; this is the nurse's A trial will convince you of our efficient slip ; this is a package of absence postals ; this service. is a blank book for your plan and this is for Chicago Hat Mfg . & Bleaching Co. your progress book. I'll be along by and by 12 North Michigan Ave. 8th floor Ward Bldg . with the rest. These will start you." " They will indeed," thought the stunned Miss Ruby . MISS ANNA R. WALKER The class arrived almost as soon as Miss ANNOUNCES THE REMOVAL OF HER SHOP TO SUITE 1316 GARLAND BUILDING Ruby. They occupied her completely, what 58 EAST WASHINGTON STREET with seating them, distributing material, start- CHICAGO ing the arithmetic lesson, up to 10 o'clock TELEPHONE DEARBORN 4642 when the door opened and the clerk entered. "I haven't your attendance sheet and you haven't even put the report on the board so I Fur Storage and Remodeling could copy it." Now is the time for remodeling. No charge for storage if remodeled during the Summer at our Summer Rates . " I haven't had time," said the startled Our New Fall Styles Now On Display. teacher. Siegel&Barth INC. FUR MFRS. "I know. But it doesn't take a minute. Tomorrow do that first ." 39 So. State St. Dear. 6023 and 3359 Miss Ruby started in again. "If one cost " The door swung open again. The nurse beckoned. "I haven't had any slip from Kittner Fashion Shop Now presenting a variety of compelling styles in you this morning." COATS, SUITS and DRESSES " I haven't had time," faltered Miss Ruby . for Spring & Summer Wear "Yes . I know . We are all so crowded. But Dearborn 3467 do it first thing. " 914-916 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. "Ready, class. Now if one cost $5 " The door opened a crack and a man's face This Advertisement and appeared. "You didn't send down any card Entitles Any Chicago School Teacher to a New Permanent Wave THE WENZEL WAY $950 for me. I'm the truant officer. Got any for me today ? " Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back " I could teach," said Miss Ruby thought- 177 North State Street WENZEL, State 1887 fully that evening, "if I could find the time." Chicago Daily News, May 31, 1926. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 359 May 31, 1926 Turning the Tables ENRICI'S is famous no less University of Chicago " Critic" Marked Down by Teacher H for the enduring and deep friendships it has won than How " things will take a turn" is well illus- for the quality of the foods trated by the following story sent in by a it serves and for the great teacher in a Chicago high school . volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- She writes : day, before the matinee, it is the great "A man working for his Master's degree at + the School of Education of the University of central meeting place. Chicago visited a class at the Blank High School (name withheld by Bulletin ) for the avowed purpose of marking the instructor on the attention of his pupils . "After his observation, he reported to the principal that the teacher's work was unsatis- factory. "The teacher, apparently one of those rare intelligent teachers, asked the principal to arrange to have the man come back and give HENRICI'S him another chance. WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT " The University of Chicago savant returned on another day. The high school teacher 67 W. Randolph St. asked him to take the class and conduct it. Between Dearborn and Clark Streets He did and the class went to pieces . So the high school teacher immediately marked the University of Chicago man 15 and said he would report the grade to the University of Scientific and Permanent 1 Chicago. The man was greatly perturbed, almost to the point of hysteria, and begged Janus Method that he would not report it. The teacher in- Of Reducing and Rejuvenating, Inc. Suite 313-316 Venetian Bldg., 15 East Washington Street Branch at 4811 Sheridan Road Dearborn 2005 sisted that he would. Thus endeth the lesson ." Rejuvenation of Face and Body EDYTH DIEDRICH CHICAGO Oh, Gut Out Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents Permanent Wave $10.00 Friday and Saturday 75 cents Dick : I am sending you under separate cover my tennis racquet. Will you kindly Modern Beauty Shoppe's Experienced Operators We Guarantee Our Work take it into Spalding's and ask them to re- Loop West Side Suite 610 Capitol Bldg . 1636 W. Van Buren St. string with a high grade of (three ply ) feline 159 N. State St. Phone West 3427 Phone Dearborn 0317 Open evenings Tuesday, intestinal fortitude ? Open Evenings, Mon. , Tues. , Fri. Thur. , Fri. and Sat. -Cobb Hall . From the Tribune Line o' Type, May 25. And whisper, Dick, if there is any of the The Most Satisfactory aforesaid fortitude left over, will you let us know ? 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Nos. 19 and 20 June 16, 1926 Page 363 Teachers' Candidate Is Popular in Jefferson Centennial Election Miss Baird's Election Fitting Protest Against Penalizing of Teachers' Elected Representative The campaign to send Catherine Baird, STATEMENT OF MISS CATHERINE L. BAIRD , teachers' candidate, to Europe, as part of the Member Committee on Junior High Schools of the Jefferson Memorial celebration, has met with Elementary Teachers' General Council an enthusiastic response from the teachers . THE CHAIRMAN: Is Miss Catherine Baird here ? Miss Baird's candidacy has been cham- Miss Baird . pioned by both elementary and high school MISS BAIRD : Ladies and Gentlemen, the notice teachers . She is the elementary teacher who which I received from the School Administration Com- mittee asked me to present the views of the councils . was told by an assistant superintendent that This can be done very simply and very briefly. she was refused an appointment to the Junior The history of this movement of the Junior High High School on account of a speech she made indicates that elementary teachers have never been un- friendly, and the Chicago Teachers are no exception to at a meeting of the School Administration that. The literature of the movement also shows that Committee June 3, 1924, at which she spoke two points have been very much insisted upon. One as the official representative of the Elemen- is that the organization should be adapted to local conditions , and the other is that those who are to put it tary Teachers' General Council and on the into effect should be in sympathy with it in order to invitation of the Chairman of the School make it properly successful. Administration Committee . Now to digress for a moment-within the last year, the Teachers' Councils of the Elementary Teachers of Miss Baird's election in the Jefferson Cen- Chicago appointed a committee on ethics, and in work- tennial program, whose purpose is the pur- ing out that code of ethics for the elementary teachers chase of Monticello, Jefferson's home, to be of Chicago, the chief discussion centered around the P article entitled, "Relation to Administrative Officers . " perpetuated as a shrine of patriotism for the The form which the committee intended it should take children of America, is a fitting protest in the beginning was something of this sort, that frank- against the penalizing of the teachers' elected ness, courtesy and co-operation should characterize the relations between the teachers and administrative offi- representative for frank, courageous, cour- cers . But they also considered this, that the whole teous presentation of the opinions of the machinery of the department of education has for its teachers and their requests for information. object the providing of favorable conditions for the work that goes on inside of the class room. I do not think Every dollar contributed by the teachers in anybody will object to that. this election will be used in the purchase of Now this statement I stand for too, that nobody knows the Monticello home. Not a dollar will be what goes on inside of the class room but the teacher. The principals have a certain degree of knowledge, but used to pay the expenses of the European trip . the reactions of the pupils no one but the teacher inside Those expenses will be paid from a special of the class room actually knows. Now to dispense with fund provided for that purpose by the Thomas that knowledge and experience of the class room teacher Jefferson Memorial Association . would be a loss to the system which no administrative officer can afford . Following is Miss Baird's statement to the The form which that article finally took is this : Since School Administration Committee and also the success of the schools requires that the policy of the letter from Miss Baird to Mr. Bogan administrative officers should be supported by the teach- August 31 , 1924, and his reply : ( Continued on Page 374 ) Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . From the Masthead by The Lookout " This world, offools, has such a store, That he who would not see an ass, Must stay at home and bolt his door And break his looking - glass ." -Anon To the Teachers of Chicago: As I listened to a chauffeur's vivid description of his. tendent, outlined in the letter. The Superintendent wild ride through that wild storm last Sunday night, wrote: "We have got to get somebody to sponsor this lights extinguished, and engine crippled by the flood, test." struggling to keep his car on the dark, narrow, un- In writing his refusal to " sponsor" the Superin- known, country road, the dangers of which were only tendent's test, Mr. Fitzpatrick expressed his opinion momentarily revealed to him by occasional flashes of of the Superintendent's " Sampling Day," and then sug- lightning, the vision came to me of the thousands of gested a "test" which was not used in the " Sampling unfortunate teachers and principals, and the hundreds Day" performance last Saturday . of thousands of still more unfortunate children of Chi- cago, forced into a wild, mad race, driven at a wild, Turn to page 367 and, in the light of the revelation mad pace, by whom or by what they know not, why, that came to that young teacher standing at the whence, or whither they know not except as occasional counter of a loop store, read that letter from the Presi- lightning flashes momentarily reveal to them the dent of the Chicago Federation of Labor, which chal- hidden dangers of their dark and unknown road. lenges and demands the attention of a public mindful of its children . In one such lightning flash, a revelation came to a * * * young teacher, standing at the counter in a loop store a few weeks ago. A woman standing beside her gave More than twenty years ago a statement by Mr. a name that arrested her attention, and followed it Leviss of the Alton Glass Works was the lightning with substantially this statement : flash in the dark that revealed to the advocates of the My husband is Superintendent of Schools. He is a first Illinois Child Labor Law the inner workings of one very fine man but he is very much misunderstood. When business man's mind on the question of the aims of he came to Chicago, he went to the business men and education. they told him of the awful condition the public schools Mr. Leviss speaking to the House Committee of the were in. They told him that the children who came Illinois Legislature in 1903 against the pending Child to them from the public schools were not able to meet Labor Law said : the requirements of the business world. My husband asked these business men what they wanted, and now "If you keep the children in school up to the age he is trying to meet their requirements. But he is so fixed in that bill (14 years for day work, and 16 for very much misunderstood. night work) they won't be of any use to us when they come to us ." * * On hearing this astounding statement, I asked Mr. Another revealing lightning flash is the corres- Leviss if he had ever thought what it was in the pondence, printed here on page 367, which passed be- public schools that unfitted the children for employ- tween the Superintendent of Schools and the Presi- ment in his and other like industries. He promptly dent of the Chicago Federation of Labor, Mr. John replied: Fitzpatrick, in regard to the Superintendent's so-called "Sampling Day" of last Saturday. "Yes, I have given a good deal of thought to it and I think it is all the literature, history, geography, music, The Superintendent wrote a letter to Mr. Fitzpatrick drawing and such things that have been brought into asking him to sponsor a test which he, the Superin- the schools that make children dissatisfied, because the Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 365 June 16, 1926 children that come to us from the schools where they astounding information, in view of the official record do not have all those things are satisfied to stay with us. " showing that the platoon was adopted as an experi- A member of the Legislature asked what the work ment. * * was that they had to have children do because they could not get men to do it ; Mr. Leviss explained that A paragraph from a personal letter, received this it was just picking up a two-ounce bottle and walking a little distance with it, setting it down, and going week from Minneapolis, is the lightning flash that re- back for another, and repeating this a purely auto- veals, in all its stark horror, the utter decay of the matic process continued hour after hour by the chil- sentiments of honor and human sympathy in " an ad- ministration-fed committee of principals" in Minne- dren in the glass works . apolis . Teachers, interpret the recent order in the Chicago Here is the paragraph : Public Schools, "Back to the Three R's " in the light "An administration-fed committee of principals went of this revelation of one "business man's" ideas of to Mrs. Gullette's home, ostensibly to offer sympathy, the aims of education 23 years ago. They are the ideas and then, while the distraught widow was in an upper of the business men of today. These are the men room, cruelly and craftily drafted its infamous letter who are determining the aims of education for the to the public in which it shielded the administration Chicago Public Schools, according to the revelation that behind the assertion of ' insanity' on the part of their came to that young teacher. deceased co-laborer ." "Back to the Three R's," to the mechanics of A telephone message to the principal of the Hyde education, with the eternal and infernal harping on Park High School in Chicago, a few days ago, was the impossible 100% computations for every child every lightning flash that revealed to the teachers of that day and the immeasurable and irreparable loss to the children and teachers of the cultural and spiritual school, and through them to the teachers of Chicago, the truth of the statement of Dr. William H. Kilpatrick values . The vision of the "business man" of twenty- that teachers are treated as factory operatives . three years ago becomes a realization in the schools of Chicago today. The message came in response to the request of the * * * principal for information from the Superintendent of Schools as to how many teachers would be permitted The Detroit Free Press news items and editorial, to attend the funeral of their co-laborer, Charles H. printed here on pages 369 to 373, are sheet lightning, Smith , who had been a teacher in that High School for heat lightning and chain lightning revelations of the thirty- six years. The principal was told that not one war on the platoon school in that city. That war seems teacher, not even the principal, might leave school for to justify and confirm all that was said by the nine even half an hour, except as they would, with full loss Chicago teachers , the elementary school principal and of salary, to attend the funeral of anyone not con- the district superintendent all of whom visited De- nected with the school. That spoken message , over troit, investigated and all reported and ail agreed that the telephone by the First Assistant Superintendent " the Platoon School is exactly the factory system of Schools, who seems to have a corner on the role applied to education." Those reports have all been of " goat, " was a lightning flash that revealed the utter printed by the Chicago Teachers ' Federation. lack of educational vision of the regime in charge of But the Platoon school was established in Chicago the education of the children of Chicago today . on July 9, 1924, notwithstanding those reports . The Charles H. Smith, honored and beloved by genera- official records of that meeting show that the platoon tions of children and teachers, was a Master-builder school was adopted by the board on that day as an ex- of character, and yet, in his passing, the school might periment to be tried in a few schools, three or four, and not pause a brief half hour in its preparation of " out- carefully watched. Here are a few excerpts from state- put" to let it sink into the souls of those students, the ments made by the Superintendent on that day which citizens of tomorrow, that "a great life had passed into may be a revelation in the future, or even now, to some the tomb ," a life worthy of their emulation . people responsible for the platoon school in Chicago : * * * "Before you ever heard of the present Superintendent of Schools, this Board appointed an Education Com- The editor of The Chicago Evening Post was shocked , mission * * ** and they brought up the matter of and prompted to editorialize, a few weeks ago, on find- of schools * * *** Your this kind of organization ing the subject of Character Training "penciled in as Educational Commission brought in a request recom- an after-thought" among the social studies, in the ten- mending an experiment with the platoon system * * * *. tative report of the Superintendent's Curriculum Com- The first thing you know you will be in a position of mittee . I say the denial of opportunity at the Hyde thinking that the Superintendent of Schools is bring- Park High School to pause in reverence , at the pass- ing a platoon system to you and wants you to try ing of a Character-builder in its midst, is a revelation it, which is absolutely contrary to the facts . ” of the disproportionate sense of values in the minds of the cheap imitators of educators governing the Continuing the discussion he said : schools of Chicago today, which demands the attention "Now, if the Board wants to recommend seven of all thinking citizens . What kind of meat is this schools or seventy schools, it is the business of the on which our Caesar feeds, that, on the death of a Superintendent and his staff, as executives, to carry member of his own Cabinet, a man remote from the out the wishes of the Board." children and unknown to them, much less honored and respected by them, the flag is ordered at half mast The Superintendent's annual report last June an- on the schools, and the "supervisory" staff attend the nounced that, in Chicago, “we have sixty schools which This was funeral in a body ? Perhaps it is an acknowledgment are now running on platoon plans ." Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. 366 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 that the "output" is not reduced by the pause of calumny against the teachers as a group, and the se- " supervision" to honor itself. lection of individuals in the group during the last Teachers know there is no way to build character two years, for punishment, or preferment, the question comparable to building it on the character of men and that is in the minds of all, whether in the high school, women whose lives have touched those of the children Junior High, or the elementary school is "How long, as a vital, living influence . But to our Caesars , O Lord, how long," is the order of the day to be "Fall in-or fall out ?" Character Training is a sentiment set in stained glass, an " after-thought" in curriculum building , a flag at And why not? Taking a backward glance, another half mast for officialdom-never, never, by any chance, lightning flash reveals that Beers, and his man Friday, a thing to be connected closely in the minds of chil- Rogers , "fell into line," with the result that each stuck dren with the lives around them, living examples of in his thumb and pulled out a plumb. Is not that character to be honored and emulated. In Minneapolis, the administration way of saying "What good boys are so Mr. Gullette's letter stated, they "dismissed the they?" * finest character builder from Adams school over my protest because she was homely and made her own clothes ." On the other hand, Catherine L. Baird, refused to fall in line when the voice of the classroom teachers needed Following, as it does , a like attitude toward the to be heard. Read the speech to the Committee on passing of other teachers and principals of character School Administration (printed here on page 363 ) , made and influence in the lives of the children, the Hyde by her, and the correspondence between her and the Park message bespeaks a blind spot in the educational assistant superintendent who told her that she was vision of those to whom this " administration-fed, news- refused an appointment, to which she was acknowl- paper-fed city" has entrusted the training of its chil- edged to be entitled, on account of that speech . dren. Shades of Colonel Parker ! What a mockery is Miss Baird did not observe the order of the day, made of your words : "Fall in! " So she "Fell out," as a timely warning to "Character, constantly realizing itself in practical all teachers that only "good" thumbs pull out plums, citizenship, in community life, in complete living, is the even plums that are earned. immediate, everlasting, and only purpose of the school." * * * * * * Another revealing flash is the meetings of the Board A crumb from the conversation of four men, sitting of Education. To sit in those Board meetings , and at a dinner table in the Hamilton Club one June day observe the "harmony program" makes one feel like a year ago, furnished the flash which revealed to two the little girl in one of Myra Kelly's stories, who went teachers, dining at a nearby table, that the platoon to the country for an unaccustomed outing. Being from school , which Dr. John Dill Robertson bequeathed to New York City-and unaccustomed to the dark of the this political administration, is to be followed by the country, the loneliness of the farmhouse, and the silence all-year-round school. At this dinner table were Dr. of the farmhands at mealtime, broken only by the sound Robertson , the present Superintendent of Schools , a of jaws chewing their food, she screamed at last, " Can't member of the last Legislature who will not be in the none of yez talk? Are you all dummies ?" next, and one other-name not known, but known not There seems to be one injunction laid upon this to be William Hale Thompson . Board, with which the Thompson Board was not af- Said the Big Whiskers to the Little Goatee : flicted. It is, "Peace at any price." It makes no dif- "When you are the Mayor of Chicago, Doc, the school ference at whose expense-"Be harmonious." A little year will be divided into four terms, and the teachers over a year ago, the majority personnel of the Board will get their two weeks' vacation the same as other was changed, but the policies remained the same. workers ." * * Teachers , do not take "Doc" and his all-year-round- * school too seriously. At least that lightning has not As I look back on the lightning flashes of the last struck us yet, and any how it may have been only heat two years, the platoon program in particular, I am lightning or, as the Englishman would say, 'eat light- reminded again of that chauffeur's vivid description of ning. * * * his ride through the storm, lights extinguished, and engine crippled by the flood. The teachers may well ask "How long, oh Lord, how long?" I ask myself This Bulletin, being a double number, is the last of how much longer it will take an administration-fed, the year and I have come to the end of my page. But my story is like the Irishman's rope. Pat said his newspaper-fed city to rise up against the unseen driver of teachers and children who know not by whom, nor rope had no end because the end was cut off. why they are driven into the platoon organization in Good-bye till September. Have a good time and take spite of the unanimous condemnation of it by the teach- it easy. But " if you can't be 'aizy' be as ' aizy' as you can." ers and principals who went to Detroit, investigated and reported adversely on it. Again, with Tiny Tim, I say to you from my heart, "God bless us all ." The year is closing on the most weary, bedeviled, corps of teachers and principals that I have known in all my years in Chicago, and that is saying a great deal. Every teacher that one meets is asking the same ques- tion, and a good many principals-how much longer is this going to last?-what will the next lightning flash reveal in this brutal reduction of teachers and children to mere automatons ? Recalling the campaign of Marzena. Haley Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 367 June 16, 1926 Superintendent's " Sampling Day " Monstrosity, Says John Fitzpatrick Suggests Children Become Familiar With Portrait of Ella Flagg Young Terming Superintendent McAndrew's school children, will help to convey a better understand- ing of McAndrew's misunderstanding as to so-called in- alleged "sampling day" a monstrosity, John telligence tests : Fitzpatrick, President of the Chicago Federa- SAMPLING DAY tion of Labor, has suggested to the superin- Mr. John Fitzpatrick, tendent that pictures of property escaping Federation of Labor, Chicago. taxation and thereby cheating the school chil- My Dear Mr. Fitzpatrick : dren of their rights be thrown on the screen We contemplate selecting by lot from the highest classes of our elementary schools 30 children to do for identification, instead of the portraits of what citizens think the human output of these schools familiar characters known to almost every ought to be able to perform. child. A general idea of the affair can be obtained by an examination of the last sampling day program en- In a letter to the superintendent, he also suggests that the children become familiar closed. ( Outline of same has been cited above.) Will you assist by outlining a requirement which you with the portrait of Ella Flagg Young and the think each one of these youngsters, after eight years of educational policies for which she stood, poli- schooling at the city's expense, ought to be able to cies subsequently shunted out of the system fulfill ? You are a stockholder in the public schools. The on the recommendation of Superintendent Mc- Andrew : output should be brought up to your requirements . I thank you . The correspondence between the superin- WM. McANDREW. tendent and Mr. Fitzpatrick is printed in the THE BITTER END June 12 number of the Federation News, pub- And then follows a letter referring to a test that is lished by the Chicago Federation of Labor, not a test. This letter, as follows, tells the bitter end and is here reprinted, together with the Fed- of a discouraging effort : eration News' comment on it : My Dear Mr. Fitzpatrick : Sampling Day, the latest fad of Superintendent of One of the tests we want to give consists in showing Schools William McAndrew, has been sampled and found on the screen portraits of Benjamin Franklin, John wanting by John Fitzpatrick, president of the Chicago Greenleaf Whittier, Florence Nightingale, Henry George, Federation of Labor. The head of the Federation tried Rutherford B. Hayes, Woodrow Wilson, Samuel Gom- his utmost to discern something worth while in this new pers, Louis Pasteur, and requiring the children to tell spleen, but found it merely harmful to all concerned. the names and valuable services of the persons repre- sented. We have to get somebody to sponsor this test. Sampling Day helps to place needed individuality in If Mr. Fitzpatrick hasn't a better one, let me put him everyday life on the shelf. It will help to make samples of kids rather than real men and women who are not down as standing for this. WM. McANDREW. automatons and think and act with the intelligence and MR . FITZPATRICK HAD A BETTER ONE 1 initiative essential to a high order of citizenship. But Mr. Fitzpatrick had a better one. His reply to What McAndrew Calls Sampling Day Mr. McAndrew, which follows below, after disillusioning In an outline of what Citizens' Sampling Day is sup- the Superintendent of Schools as to his so-called intelli- posed to be, Sutp. McAndrew commits the following gence test, wherein the superintendent's conception of a eccentricities that can not always be attributed to school system a la factory again predominates, contains genius : some real intelligence tests that would be of benefit to "Here, now, are children selected by lot from schools the pupils as well as to the general public. chosen haphazard. An assortment of citizens who admit Mr. William McAndrew, themselves to be of average intelligence has proposed a Superintendent of Schools, series of tasks which eight years of schooling are thought 460 S. State St., Chicago, Ill . to have enabled these youngsters to perform. From this My Dear Sir : we may learn much, both as to the expectations of some I received your letters in reference to what you call citizens and as to the abilities of some children. It is "Sampling Day" and also an outline of the Sampling not a show-off. Some parts of it are, to the audience, Day held January 23, 1926, and in reply will say: dull. But , the spectators being all school managers, you I cannot understand how the Board of Education , are sure to learn much of value by observing how your who have such a tremendous responsibility in legislating human output meets requirements proposed by your for our public school system, would permit such a customers ." monstrosity in education as your "sampling day." Asks If John Fitzpatrick Has Better Test SCHOOL SYSTEM A LA FACTORY The following copies of two brief letters, asking John I cannot understand what you and your assistants are Fitzpatrick if he has a better test of the intelligence of thinking about when you talk about "output, customers , Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. 368 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 stockholders and sampling day" unless you imagine that years if he knows whose picture that is, especially if he you are running some kind of a mill or factory while has been picked from among thousands of youngsters you are grinding out a certain kind of product or ma- because he is particularly bright and quick. So I don't terial and you are going to get the " stockholders and think much of the test you suggest I should sponsor. customers" together and bring forth your "samples " as But when you qualify that suggestion by saying "if you an exhibit of your "output." haven't got a better one," you leave the door wide open What would you think of taking the children in one and invite me in. Surely I have a better one and we room and have someone pick out five of the supposedly can still use portraits and the screen. brightest and quickest and then call in the parents into SUGGESTS REAL TEST the school hall to witness the contest as to how these little smarties would answer questions ? I will be glad to sponsor a test like this : First, throw- Don't you see that you instantly humiliate every ing the picture of The Daily News and the Tribune upon the screen and seeing if the youngsters can tell child in that room outside of the five selected and among them you only develop jealousy and hatred ? out of how much money they cheated the school fund That's how your "sampling day" appears to me. Only by holding much valuable land leases on school property in your " sampling day" you use the whole city. and dodging taxes. PUPILS LOSE INDIVIDUALITY -JUMP WHEN Second, showing the pictures of the officers of the U. S. Gypsum Company and see how many youngsters STRING IS PULLED know that these men paid forty ($40.00) dollars in taxes This " sampling day," as you present it, is nothing when they should have paid six hundred thousand more or less than an exhibition of the effort and result ($600,000) dollars . of eight years' schooling to make the youngsters think Third, showing pictures of the owners of the Palmer and act alike and the exhibit is to publicly proclaim and House site and see if the youngsters can tell why the show that eight years' schooling will break down the site was appraised as having a value which only brought individuality and make the victim a cringing servile “ IT.” the city $465.00 in taxes and was valued at $20,000,000.00 And the customers will be shown that the products of for building purposes . our public schools jump when the string is pulled and Fourth, I would show the portraits of the Board of they will be splendid material to draw upon for em- Assessors and Board of Review and ask the youngsters ployees in stores , offices, shops, factories or elsewhere. why these gentlemen found only $4,000,000,000.00 of tax- The parents are not consulted as to whether or not able property where there is actually $36,000,000,000.00. they are satisfied with the kind of schooling their chil- Fifth, I would show the pictures of the owners of the dren are getting. But why should they be consulted ? Marshall Field estate and ask the youngsters whether The schools are not being run for them but for the it was the Board of Review or the Board of Assessors "stockholders and customers ." or the Corporation Counsel's office that made the agree. LOSES SIGHT OF HUMAN ELEMENT ment with the trustees of the estate to pay two million It seems to me you lost sight of the human element dollars in back taxes and be relieved of paying many involved . more millions they owed. Each one of these little bodies functions separately Sixth. I would show the portraits of the heirs to the and distinctly from each other, and it was so decreed by Judge Philip Stein estate and ask the youngsters if they the Creator that they would not be alike in mind or could tell the amount these heirs pay in taxes to the city body, and because of this wonderful miracle the human and the amount of taxes they dodge paying. family does not get into a rut and stay there, but on the Seventh, I would show the portrait of Ella Flagg contrary and because of this difference the human Young and ask the youngsters what great educational family continuously is making progress toward a better need was it that was instituted in our school system by day. her and later abolished and afterward declared by the In your letter you say "These youngsters have had Bureau of Education of the Department of the Interior eight years of schooling at the city's expense." I am of the United States government as an absolute need not aware of any such situation, but I do know that a in a real school system. small portion of the citizenship, including the working Eighth. Then I would show pictures of the junior men and women of Chicago who honestly pay their high schools and see how many of the youngsters can taxes is the source from whence these youngsters get tell if the Chicago Federation of Labor's declarations their schooling, while the respectable, well- to-do busi- that the junior high school is "a blind alley in educa- ness interests cheat the school system out of millions of tion" was ever publicly challenged by those advocating dollars each year, and thereby they cheat these young- the system.. sters out of the kind of an education such as a great If this substitute test is accepted, please advise me as city like Chicago should furnish them. to what will be further expected of me. SO - CALLED INTELLIGENCE TEST A MISNOMER Very sincerely, JOHN FITZPATRICK, In your letter of May 22nd you submit the names of (Federation News, June 12, 1926) a number of prominent persons and you propose to show their portraits upon a screen to see if the " sam- TO BE CONTINUED ples" can guess who they are, etc. You call this a test, and as some citizen must sponsor Little Anna was drawing a picture with each of the various tests to be given on "sampling day," pen and ink on her paper. It turned out to you ask if I will " sponsor this one if you haven't got a be a mouse without a tail. "Where is the better one ." tail ?" asked her father. For a moment she Well, I don't see much advantage in throwing George Washington's portrait upon a screen and then asking was puzzled, then said : "Why, it is still in some youngster who has been going to school for eight the ink bottle ." Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 369 Anti-Platoon Forces Organize Against Detroit Plan Citizens Start Vigorous Movement to Oust Platoons Detroit, according to newspaper accounts, A letter dated April 24 was received by Mr. Wasmus , from a parent concerning two children who formerly is offering rugged resistance to the platoon school which has been tried out there. were pupils under the platoon system. "Both children," says the writer, "were high strung youngsters, inclined It was the Detroit plan which Miss Rose to be nervous and didn't seem to make progress in Pesta, Chicago principal who observed it, des- school . Then we moved to Gross Pointe Park and ignated as " exactly the factory system applied both children attended the public school where they to education." did not have the platoon system . We were notified that both children would be reduced a grade, as they Parents are taking an active part in oppos- were simply not on a par with the students of the ing it and citizens have called meetings to school. Both children quickly regained their usual good discuss it . health, and I might say they are on a par with the The platoon school, as it operates in Chi- average scholar." -Detroit Free Press, April 30, 1926. cago, was patterned after the Detroit plan, which, newspaper accounts indicate, has been a failure. PARENTS FORM LEAGUE The first concentrated effort to modify the platoon In order that Chicago teachers may follow system of Detroit's elementary schools asserted itself the history of the movement as it has been last night when, after an open discussion by parents written in the last few weeks in Detroit, the and citizens, the nucleus of an organization opposed following series of clippings from the Detroit to the system was formed in the auditorium of Cass Technical School . Free Press is published : The organization will be known as the Citizens' School ANTI - PLATOON PARLEY CALLED League and will work to prevail upon the school board Criticism of the platoon system in the elementary and school administrators to effect constructive and schools of Detroit will take definite form tonight when needed changes . a meeting of the parents opposed to the system will EXTENSIVE INQUIRY MADE be held in the auditorium of Cass high school at 8 o'clock . Last night's step marked the crystallization of parents' This will be the first opportunity, according to Rob- sentiment on the platoon system after several months of ert E. Wasmus, one of the prime movers against the private investigation. The system is declared by many system, for parents to express openly their opinions to work to the detriment of the pupil, the teacher and regarding the matter, and organization into a league the taxpayer. Formation of the new organization was approved to defeat the system is the object of the gathering. without a dissenting vote, following a motion by Mrs. PSYCHOLOGIST TO TALK Jessie McDonald, former president of the Women's Citi- Dr. Dale M. King, psychologist attached to the Grace zens' League. hospital, will speak on the alleged detrimental influence Mrs. McDonald's motion to weld those at the meet- of the platoon system on the health and mental develop- ing into an organized body followed an interesting dis- ment of the very young child. cussion in which several objections condemnatory to Edward A. Benish and Alfred Debo will discuss the the system were voiced from the floor and platform . ‫ا‬ system from the viewpoint of parents of children in Chief among the opponents of the system was Mrs. the elementary schools . Harry McMaster, a former school teacher, who told her Mrs. Harry McMaster, a former teacher in the schools hearers she felt morally bound to assert herself on a of the city, and E. A. Wilson, of Ann Arbor, will voice system "which converted the teacher into an exalted their criticism from the standpoint of teachers who traffic policeman and the pupil into a nameless non- have had experience with both the platoon system and entity." the old fashioned, one-teacher method. Mr. Wilson has TIRESOME " MECHANICS" come in contact with the platoon system in Gary, Ind., "I taught in the platoon schools as a home grade and La Grange, Ill., as well as in Detroit. teacher, a special room teacher and a relief teacher," A number of other speeches will be made from the Mrs. McMaster stated, " and I also taught in the so -called floor. traditional school. After I got through my day's work URGES PARENTS TO ACT ushering marching lines of tots through the platoon Mr. Wasmus urges parents to freely express them- schools I was so tired with the mere mechanics of the selves. "Many parents fear to sign their names to work that my mind was incapable of teaching effici- the petition against the system for fear that their ently. children will be treated less well by their teachers. We "One of the main points launched by proponents of know personally that many teachers are against the the platoon system is that the pupil has the benefit of system, but are afraid to speak for fear of losing their specialized training by teachers who handle only one jobs." subject . My answer to this is that any teacher working Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 370 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 for the board of education who is not a specialist in each ents and others interested in education will organize of the branches of elementary education is not fit to an association to modify the system. serve as a teacher ." It is the contention of H. P. Hildreth, temporary Mrs. McMaster criticized the auditorium department, chairman of the association, and Robert E. Wasmus, which she said did nothing noticeable other than put one of its moving spirits, that since its inception in on frequent shows, which served only to disrupt the 1917 the platoon system has failed to produce the morale of the entire school several days before and results achieved previously. after their public performance. She pointed out that TRAINING TOO STRENUOUS the continuous marching from one room to the other Under the platoon system, children out of the kin- with the youngster constantly coming into contact with dergarten are taught such a variety of subjects that a teacher he did not know by name, had a most dis- their untrained minds fail to assimilate the knowledge concerting effect, psychologically and physically . intended to be conveyed them, they say. It is their FAILS TO TEACH INITIATIVE belief that the children's education up to the fifth and "The platoon system is claimed to teach leadership sixth grades should be purely rudimentary and that no and initiative. It not only fails in this regard, but it advanced curriculum should be undertaken till they fails as well to teach the very elements of grammar, " have absorbed the three R's . she said. "The rapid-fire system of teaching children is not The former teacher said she opposed the present effective," Wasmus said Wednesday. "Scholars are platoon system because it disregards the fundamentals asked to digest so many different educational courses of primary grade instruction, works a physical hard- that their minds are saddled. Without the necessary ship on the pupils and eliminates the personal contact rudimentary training they are unable in later years to between child and teacher which she said is essential. get the advantage of advanced training ." “A modification program should do away with the Wasmus also charged that children were being rushed platoon system in the primary grades," she continued. through the lower grades before they were prepared "It is in this department that it does the greatest harm. to receive the teaching of the higher departments . He Too little individual attention is paid to the children and said that graduation diplomas wre little more than too much to educational frills that cannot be compre- attendance certificates. hended by their immature minds . 300 REJECTED BY U. OF M. "Concerning the health angle it is hard to conceive of Over 300 high school boys were turned away from a system that offers greater opportunities for the spread Ann Arbor, Wasmus declared, because of insufficient of disease while the nervous strain upon the children preparation. caused by constant tramping from one room to another, Declaring that his child had progressed more quickly climbing of stairs , opening and closing lockers and at a non-platoon school, Hildreth said his interests in other activities necessitated by the system is decidedly detrimental." the matter was solely due to desire to improve the edu- PROPONENTS ARE PRESENT cational efficiency of the city. "Those who have been attracted to this movement," he declared, "are the The session was attended by a number of parents thinking parents who are able to see that their children who were there as proponents of the platoon system. are not making the progress they ought to. During the floor discussion these presented arguments "We want this association to be constructive in char- in favor of platoon schools and made answer to criti- cisms . acter. We want to work quietly and to be in a position to put facts before the board of education which will The meeting was opened by Robert E. Wasmus, one of the prime movers against the system. After making convince them that the platoon system is harmful, as well as being less effective than the old regime." a few introductory remarks, in which he stated that the Dr. G. M. Laning and Dr. Dale M. King were quoted system had been "foisted upon the public nine years as being opposed to the platoon system on medical ago, " and that the children were the pawns in an edu- grounds. cational experiment, he turned over the meeting to -Detroit Free Press, May 6, 1926. H. P. Hildreth . One of the speakers was Alfred Debo, a father with FOES TO FIGHT PLATOON three children under the platoon system, who asserted The platoon system in vogue in Detroit public schools that every time he asked one of his youngsters what will come under the fire of several hundred parents at he was doing in school, he got invariably the answer, a meeting to be held at 8 o'clock Friday night in the "I marched today." Jefferson intermediate school auditorium, Hamilton and In explaining that it was not the intention of the Selden avenues, when a citizens' league asking for edu- new organization to act as a bolshevik source, Mr. Hil- cational reform will be inaugurated. dreth explained that there was nothing antagonistic According to the sponsors of the meeting, among about the infant organization. whom are H. P. Hildreth and Robert E. Wasmus, there is The first meeting of the Citizen's School League will widespread discontent among the parents and others in- be held next Friday night in Cass auditorium, it was terested in education, who feel that the platoon system announced. is inferior in its teaching results as well as being detri- -Detroit Free Press, May 1, 1926. mental to the health of scholars . They charge that, under this system, children are ANTI - PLATOON MOVE GROWING taken from the kindergarten and immediately taught a What its sponsors describe as the rising tide of in- variety of subjects which, with their limited fundamental dignation against the platoon system in Detroit public training, they are unable to absorb. It is their view schools will be expressed at a meeting at 8 o'clock Fri- that up to the fifth and sixth grades the children's edu- day night in the Jefferson Intermediate School auditorium, cation should be confined to rudimentary subjects and Hamilton and Selden avenues, when about 1,000 par- that the scholars should be well grounded in these be Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 371 June 16, 1926 fore being asked to tackle a more difficult curriculum. The defy came in the form of an open letter from The object of the new league, according to Hildreth, the Citizens' School League through its president, Hal P. who is temporary chairman, is to draw public attention Wilson, head of the Big Brother movement in Detroit, to the platoon system. Many parents have already come in which Spain was invited to address the league at a forward to express their dissatisfaction, he says, and meeting in Jefferson Intermediate school Friday at he believes that the number will be increased when a 8 p. m. rallying point is provided. The platoon system, now the vogue in Detroit's inter- "Our object is not destructive," Hildreth said Thurs- mediate schools requires that the pupils march in for- mation from one class room to another at the end of day. "We want simply to get sufficient data to go to the board of education and say that the system has each class period. Thus, if a pupil is taking five sub- been a failure as compared with the previous teaching jects, he is taught by five different teachers, eliminating methods . the old system of one teacher hearing all subjects of a "We hope to show also that the platoon system is grade. having a bad effect on the children's health and that Advocates of the system point out that children are it is altogether unsuited to the average child's physical given the benefit of teaching by specialists in each and mental caliber ." subject, thus standardizing instruction. -Detroit Free Press, May 7, 1926. Opponents of the platoon system assert that, due to the dissimilarity of temperament, variability of physique LEAGUE ELECTS OFFICERS and health in school children, that one teacher for all The Citizens' School League, an organization of subjects of a particular grade is the method for growing parents and others interested in education, took concrete children. These are the mooted points that opponents shape last night at a meeting in the Jefferson Inter- of the system desire to have threshed out at the meeting mediate School, Hamilton and Selden avenues, when Friday night. officers were elected and articles of incorporation Following is the letter sent to Spain Wednesday: adopted. The specific object of the league is to oppose "A meeting of the Citizens' School League to discuss the platoon system in Detroit public schools. the platoon system in the Detroit public schools will Hal P. Wilson, local attorney and head of the Big be held Friday, May 14, at the Jefferson Intermediate Brother movement, was elected president. Robert E. School at 8 p. m. Wasmus, Mrs. Jessie McDonald and Mrs. Harry Mac- "As it appears that the platoon system has been in- 1 Master, were elected first, second and third vice-presi- troduced in the public schools of Detroit largely by dents, respectively, with C. C. Scott as treasurer. A reason of your activities, and as you are in charge of secretary is to be appointed later. the platoon system in the public schools and have fre- OPPOSES PLATOON SYSTEM quently advertised it about the country, the officers of The object of the league, which starts out with about the league desire to extend you an invitation to appear 250 members, is to promote interest in the public at this meeting to afford you an opportunity to speak schools and to oppose the operation of the platoon on the alleged advantages of the platoon system. system from the first to the sixth grades . Mrs. McDon- "This invitation is extended for the reason that the ald, wife of a physician, said she had studied the system league intends to further inform itself regarding both the for six years and was convinced from personal knowl- advantages and disadvantages of the platoon system, and 6 edge, that it was detrimental to the children's health. your acceptance of this invitation shall be with the un- H. P. Hildreth, temporary chairman, said he knew derstanding that you will answer any questions which of a dozen examples in the block in which he lived, may be asked following your address . of the disadvantages, intellectual and physical, of the "Inasmuch as you are the principal exponent of the - system . platoon school organization, we would not desire to sub- Robert E. Wasmus characterized the platoon method stitute any other person in your stead." as resembling “ sausage-grinding" and charged that -Detroit Free Press, May 13, 1926. teachers had been instructed to give high marks to poor 1 scholars so that criticism of the system might be averted. MR . SPAIN MAKES A MISTAKE "Children are flitting around getting superficial knowl. edge," he said, " and few of them come up to the We cannot go as far as Inspector Hall did, and say academic standard reached by the old system. Of that Charles L. Spain, deputy superintendent of schools, 2,300 scholars seeking admission to a high school, 900 showed a lack of courage in refusing to address the were declared by the principal to be absolutely impos- Citizens' School league on the subject of the platoon sible for lack of proper grounding." system, of which he is the leading local exponent. Mr. -1 Other speakers expressed the view that the platoon Spain never has given any indication of timidity, and system failed to give children the same educational some of his eulogies of the platoon system have cer- standing as the old system on account of the variety tainly called for the exercise of a great deal of courage. of subjects taught and teachers employed. The lack But we do think that the tone of the note in which Mr. of continued association between particular teachers and Spain communicated his refusal to address the league their classes was pointed out as a deficiency. was an exhibition of rather poor judgment and did not The league will hold another meeting in the same precisely reveal the state of mind ideal for a public auditorium at 8 o'clock Friday. servant. There was at least a tinge of bureaucratic -Detroit Free Press, May 8, 1926. superciliousness about it; and the assumption by Mr. Spain that the Citizens' School league has a "closed PLATOON FOES INVITE DISCUSSION A vigorous challenge to an open discussion of the mind " against the platoon system, and that consequently 1 platoon school system was hurled at Charles L. Spain, it is not worth his while, to bother with the organization, deputy superintendent of schools, Wednesday, by anti- is, we think, needlessly insulting to a company of seri- platoonists. ous, intelligent citizens who are trying to save the chil Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 372 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 dren of Detroit from what they consider a real menace, bear in mind that none of us are against him personally, and who, incidentally, represent a number of people that but we object to the vicious system he advocates, and have not yet identified themselves with any organized would like very much to hear his side of the question.” movement . A DIFFERENCE IN IDEALS Not only is the manner of Mr. Spain's refusal bad; Wilson, a former school teacher, stated that there was the declination itself is wrong. Granting that the league a difference in ideals behind the platoon system and the is seriously prejudiced against the platoon system, its so-called old traditional system. prejudice seems to grow out of first-hand familiarity "We have every right to feel that we are pioneers in with unfortunate results of the practical application of the task of finding out just how harmful the platoon that system in a considerable number of instances, and system is to our children," he said. "We might feel some of those who have reported adversely on it seem alone in the matter at this time, but it should console us to be qualified to speak as specialists and experts . to feel that the best educational minds in the country If Mr. Spain is more interested in promoting the genu- indorse our stand . ine good of the children of Detroit than he is in bolster- "The ideal behind the platoon idea of education is the ing up a pet system of administration or preserving his teaching of the matter, and the ideal behind the tradi- "dignity," he ought to welcome an opportunity to speak tional system is the teaching of the child. to such an organization as the league. If he can con- "The contention of the platoon adherents is that it de- vince its members that the platoon system is all right velops teachers into specialists, even though the element and is a benefit instead of an injury to the public school of personal contact might sometimes be defeated. If children of Detroit, his missionary efforts will be tri- this is true why not have real specialists teach our chil- umphantly completed. But he certainly will not help dren, and dispense entirely with their presence in the his cause any by adopting the role of the superior peda- class room . gogue . "I can think of no finer teacher, say for instance of -Editorial, Detroit Free Press, May 17, 1926. civics , than Elihu Root. A phonograph record dictated by Root and turned on in the class room would be ideal, DIVIDE CITY TO FIGHT PLATOON according to those who reason that specialism is desir- Division of the city into six districts so that parents able ." and citizens interested in hearing discussions of the TEACHERS ALSO SPEAK platoon system, in general practice in Detroit's grade Others who spoke were Mrs. Jessie McDonald, Harry schools , can do so without leaving their own sections, McMaster, Walter McKenzie and three unidentified school was proposed at last night's meeting of the Citizens ' teachers . School league in the Jefferson intermediate school. Mrs. McDonald, commenting on a booklet she had re- It was as this meeting that Charles L. Spain, deputy cently received from Mr. Spain on the platoon system, superintendent of schools, had refused to address , on announced that she would like very much to know how the grounds that the league did not have " an open much the printing of the booklet had cost and who it mind" on the platoon system. Mr. Spain is one of De- was that paid for it. troit's leading proponents of the platoon system and is Mr. McMaster said that Spain's refusal to attend the president of the National Association of Platoon Schools, meeting because of the alleged bias of the league did not which annually levies $ 1 apiece from each of Detroit's compare favorably with the best traditions of American 2,700 teachers . history. The proposal to district the city into six sections came "Wendell Phillips," Mr. McMaster said, "did not let a at the close of the meeting which was characterized by little thing like bias of his audience interfere with his its frank discussion of the platoon system, both by its appearance before audiences that would gladly have shot advocates and its opponents, and was featured by sev- him." eral references to Mr. Spain's absence . One teacher, whose name was not asked by the chair, HARD ON AVERAGE PARENT said: " It was generally understood in my school that if any teacher refused to contribute her dollar to the Na- Robert E. Wasmus, sponsor of the districting project, tional Association of Platoon Schools, her job wasn't explained that it was too much to expect the average worth a great deal." parent to journey downtown to attend centrally held TAKES ISSUE WITH LEAGUE meetings . "What we want to find out right away," he stated, " is Another took issue with the league, declaring that just how deep the feeling is on this subject. We can its attitude thus far had been one of fault finding rather never plumb public opinion unless we establish a means than impartial investigation of the system. of hearing from the rank and file of Detroit's citizens To prevent bickering and to shorten the meetings of and parents ." the future a motion was passed to limit speeches from Following the unanimous adoption of Mr. Wasmus' the floor to members unless the chairman's privilege to proposal, Attorney Hal P. Wilson, president of the depart from the law was received. league, announced that he would appoint a committee Mr. Spain's letter refusing to appear, follows : which would be instructed to start work at once on the "In reply to your letter of May 12 inviting me to ap- districting project . pear before your organization 'to speak on the alleged Wilson, in his opening speech made brief reference to advantages of the platoon system,' permit me to say that Spain's absence. in promoting the development of the platoon schools I "I am very sorry that Mr. Spain saw fit to remain am carrying out the established policy of the Board of away this evening, and I hope he will reconsider his Education, which was adopted by the board in 1919. decision in the near future," Mr. Wilson said. "Had he "Personally, I am willing to discuss any phase of De- seen fit to appear before us, I am sure every courtesy troit's educational program before any group of citizens would have been extended to him. Mr. Spain should who are seeking information. I am convinced, however, Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 373 that my appearance before your organization in support in the course of an exhaustive study of the platoon sys- of the platoon plan could serve no useful purpose. The tem, and was not in a position to pass judgment on the members of the Citizens' School league have already refusal of Spain to appear before the league meeting. closed their minds to all arguments by adopting a con- -Detroit Free Press, May 15, 1926. stitution which specifically puts them on record as op- posed to platoon schools. The futility of attempting to IN RE THE PLATOON advocate the cause of the platoon school before a jury Apropos of the platoon school and its oper- which has already rendered its verdict must be obvious ation in Detroit, the following letter from to any one." a woman in Wayne County, in which Detroit Mr. Spain could not be found in his office at the Board of Education building Friday afternoon. He had left is located, appears in the June, 1926, Bulletin town for the day, according to his secretary. of the Milwaukee Teachers ' Association : Spain's action in remaining away from the meeting, My dear Miss Gardner : came in for criticism on the part of John S. Hall, school The Wayne County League of Women Voters is inspector, when the latter was informed of the occur- making a very careful survey of the educational situ- rence late Friday. ation in the City of Detroit . "Spain has no grounds on which to presume that the As you know, the platoon system is being used here Citizens' School league is biased, " Hall said. "The league to some extent and our Committee is very anxious is composed of a fairly large group of taxpayers, all of to have the report of the Milwaukee Teachers ' Asso- whom are reputable citizens. As a public servant, Spain ciation. By the way, Dr. Upson of the governmental showed a lack of courage in his refusal to address this research bureau of Detroit told me yesterday that group." Milwaukee's report was one of the best he had seen. Frank H. Gorman, member of the board of educa- Very cordially yours, tion, when told of Spain's action, stated that he was now EDNA WRIGHT , Executive Secretary. Our Pledge Take up our quarrel by the interests that want the public schools to turn With the foe. out a product that will fit into the factories . These To you from falling hands interests are fast gaining full control of our educational We throw the torch ; institutions . Be yours to hold it high . Bureaucratic supervision has been foisted upon the If ye break faith with us who die teachers , who are being driven at top speed . They are We shall not sleep ....... burdened with large classes, are browbeaten and in- 1 From " Flanders' Fields " By John McCrae timidated . They are denied the right of expression That the teachers of Chicago will take up in regard to the determination of educational policies the torch which fell from the lifeless hands and school management. When they attempt to exer- cise this right they are penalized and victimized . Such of a Minneapolis teacher, a martyr to mal- conditions result in great harm to the children. The administration of the Minneapolis schools, is aim of the public school is no longer the serving of indicated by a resolution adopted at the meet- the educational interests of the children, but, under ing of the Chicago Teachers' Federation the dictation of "Business " the aim has become the June 12 . production of "robots " for industry. The resolution was referred to the Feder- This is the situation that brings demoralization, de- pression and dissatisfaction into the ranks of the ation of Men Teachers and Federation of teachers throughout the United States . This is the Women High School Teachers for their en- condition to which we believe Mr. Gullette, even at dorsement. The resolution follows : the sacrifice of his life, tried to call to the attention In the name of the teachers of Chicago, the Chi- of the people of the whole country as well as of his cago Teachers' Federation expresses its heartfelt own city. Mr. Gullette's sacrifice must not be in vain. sympathy for the family of the late Principal Albert The struggle to wrest the control of the school system Gullette of Minneapolis and for the teachers and people from the grip of "Business" must be carried on with of that great city in the loss they suffered by his more energy and determination. It is a struggle to untimely death . establish an educational system which will function in The tragic death of Mr. Gullette is a warning of the interests of the children; it is a struggle for liberty, danger not only to the teachers and people of Minne- democracy and freedom of expression in the school apolis, but of the entire United States . It should call room; it is a struggle for the right of the teachers to to the attention of every thoughtful citizen of the coun- participate in the shaping of educational policies. try the deplorable conditions in our public schools. In carrying on this struggle, the teachers bear the Within the last twenty-five years, fundamental major responsibility and must take the lead in giving changes have taken place in the educational systems it effective direction and organization. This can be of the United States . These manifest themselves in done successfully only by strengthening existing or- the introduction of factory methods into the public ganizations of teachers, and by uniting into a strong schools . The Taylor speed-up system, with its piece national organization . work specialization, is being forced into the schools To this we pledge ourselves . Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 374 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 TEACHERS' CANDIDATE training and experience will enable them to work ad- vantageously. (Continued from Page 363) From Supplement to Report No. 12 of The Elementary Teachers' General Convention, September, 1924. ers with energy and enthusiasm, it is obvious that the introduction of any new policy should be preceded by consultation with the teachers so that they may under- LETTER FROM MISS BAIRD TO MR. BOGAN, stand and fully approve the policy. AUGUST 31, 1924 Acting upon that principle, that principle which we regard as fundamental, the teachers of the Elementary Reply to Question of Mr. Bogan as to Why She Spoke Councils asked the General Council to bring forward the Before School Administration Committee on matter of the Junior High School in a conference which June 3, 1924 had already been scheduled for the General Council with the Superintendent-the teachers asked that the 4201 Ellis Avenue, General Council should, in that conference with the August 31, 1924 . Superintendent, ask for information in regard to this Mr. William J. Bogan , subject. Assistant Superintendent of Schools, Now, of course, the teachers did not ask to be told by 460 S. State Street, Chicago . the Superintendent what the literature of the subject My dear Mr. Bogan : contained, because of course that was open to them. When I called at your office last Wednesday, pursuant They knew that the superintendent had had a large to the notice sent to successful candidates in the recent experience with Junior Highs, and they felt from what Junior High School examination, and filled out my for- had been told that he was especially interested in the mal application for appointment to the Junior High organization, and that is of course a perfectly proper Schools , Miss Holbrook having already asked for my thing. appointment, as Dean of Girls, to the Wendell Phillips Without opposition, without antagonism, with an ex- High School, you referred to a speech made by me on pression of cordial interest, the delegate from the Teach- June 3 last, at the hearing before the School Admin- ers' Councils said to the Superintendent, "We know istration Committee of the Board of Education. Your from the literature of this subject that the one most final statement, referring to the hearing on June 3, was marked characteristic of it is that there is no uni- that you did not understand why I was there. formity, that the organization and administration vary As that speech was taken down verbatim by a court to such a degree that we the teachers of Chicago- reporter in the same manner as is done at trials and wish to ask what you consider the essentials of the conventions, was transcribed, and has been printed, it is Junior High . Of course we want a personal opinion in convenient form for reading . I am glad to be able to with regard to what form the organization would take place before you the exact words which I used, and that you introduce in Chicago." We still think it was therefore enclose a marked copy of the printed steno- a perfectly proper question to ask. The teacher, of graphic report of the entire meeting. I have read it and course spoke at that time impersonally as the voice of you may rely upon its accuracy and completeness. eight thousand elementary teachers . * My opening statement in the speech shows that I was The Superintendent said, "I refer you to the forth- there in response to a notice from the School Admin- coming report of the Education Commission of the istration Committee asking me to present the views of Board of Education, which will be available in due the Elementary Teachers' Councils. This notice was time." The delegate hesitated, but insisted, and brought received from the Assistant Superintendent of Schools up certain specific points which made it evident that to whom the matter had been referred by the Chairman the literature of the subject had been available to the of the School Administration Committee. teachers . I was the member of the Committee on Junior High One point the Superintendent discussed with us, and Schools of the Elementary Teachers' General Council that was whether it was desirable to incorporate a who was elected by that Council to present to the Super- Junior High in an Elementary School or not. He rec- intendent of Schools, and who, on March 22, did present ommended to us the literature on the subject. The to the Superintendent, the request from the thirty-nine delegates returned to the Council and presented their Group Councils on March 14 for specific information in reports . The teachers felt that they had offered co- regard to Junior High Schools in Chicago. As such, I operation, and that their advances for co-operation had was appointed by the Chairman of the Elementary been repelled. Teachers ' General Council to represent the Councils at When the report of this conference was presented to the hearing on June 3 before the Committee on School the Councils , thirty-four of the thirty-nine passed a Administration, and the Chairman of the School Ad- resolution asking that there should be the fullest pub- ministration Committee was notified to that effect, on licity given to the subject of the organization of the May 31, by the Chairman of the General Council. Junior High Schools before it was introduced, so that This communication to the Chairman of the School parents and teachers might be fully informed with re- Administration Committee was sent on receipt of a gard to the form that it would take in Chicago . notice from the Secretary of the Board of Education I think the teachers whom I represent would feel per- that the resolution adopted by thirty-five of the Ele- haps that I have not completed my statement if I failed mentary Teachers' Group Councils, requesting that the to call attention to the fact that in each center where a fullest publicity be given to all essential features of the Junior High is to be established there will be from proposed Junior High Schools, (resolution known as thirty to forty teachers in the school, and all the 7th and Board Report No. D-8836) would be discussed at the 8th grade teachers of the tributary schools, who do not meeting of the Committee on School Administration on know at all what the future holds for them, nor whether Tuesday, June 3. The resolution was adopted by the they will find themselves later in position in which their thirty-five Group Councils on May 9, presented to the Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 375 Board at its meeting on May 14, and by the Board send copies to the Chairman of that Committee, and I referred to the Committee on School Administration . shall do so . Very truly yours, You will note in the first paragraph after the intro- (Signed) CATHERINE L. BAIRD.. duction, after making the statement that I quoted to you last Wednesday, namely, that " the history of this move- LETTER OF MR . BOGAN TO MISS BAIRD , ment of the Junior High indicates that elementary teach- SEPTEMBER 2, 1924 ers have never been unfriendly, and the Chicago teach- ers are no exception to that," I said further, that "those who are to put it into effect should be in sympathy Acknowledgment of Receipt of Miss Baird's Letter of with it in order to make it properly successful." (See August 31, 1924 page 16, Stenographic Report. ) As Mr. Gonnelly also referred to the speech, I am September 2 , 1924. sending it to him with a copy of this letter, and since Miss Catherine L. Baird, Miss Holbrook and Superintendent McAndrew were pres- 4201 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois . My dear Miss Baird : ent a part of the time last Wednesday while I was in Please accept my thanks for your explanation of your your office, I am mailing copies of the speech and letter speech before the School Administration Committee . to each of them. Because of the question you raised as Yours truly, to why I was present at the hearing before the School WM. J. BOGAN, Administration Committee on June 3, it seems proper to Assistant Superintendent of Schools. Are the Forces of 150 Years Ago Operating Today ? Like a page from history that is being ing in their representation of wealth, intellect, and written today are the sidelights of history of social prestige. Hamilton could snap his fingers, and the merchants came; could lift his hand, and the officers 150 years ago as contained in the pages of of the Cincinnati were in the saddle; could wave his " Jefferson and Hamilton," a book by Claude hand, and Fenno, Russell, and other potent editors would G. Bower. instantly do his bidding, and the preachers of New Eng- Jefferson met conditions confronting the land scarcely waited for the sign to pass the devil by to damn democracy. nation by going to the common people, mobil- But Jefferson had his eye on other forces, numerically izing them and organizing their power. The stronger, if less imposing. The farmers, comprising chapter, " Jefferson Mobilizes," is well worth ninety per cent of the Nation, were resentful of policies reading . Extracts from it follow : that pampered the merchant and left them out in the When Jefferson assumed the task of organizing the cold. The private soldiers of the Revolution, less re- spected then than when Webster made his Bunker Hill opposition to the policies of the Federalists all the forces most susceptible to organization and intelligent address , were embittered because their securities had direction were arrayed upon the other side. The com- gone for a song while speculators had waxed wealthy * * * on the sacrifice . mercial interests, constituting Hamilton's shock troops, had their organizations in all the larger towns and in There was an undercurrent of feeling, which Jefferson, a crisis could be speedily mobilized in the smaller. The with ear marvelously keen for rumblings, caught that various Chambers of Commerce were Federalists clubs laws were passed for the few at the expense of the * * * that could be summoned to action on a day's notice. many. The financial interests, always in close formation when THOMAS JEFFERSON- A PORTRAIT not sleeping on their arms, could be ordered to the front overnight. The live-wire speculators whose fortunes The writer completes his portrait of Jeffer- had sprung up magically were on their toes to do battle son in the following words : for the system that had enriched them, and eager to do * * Such was Thomas Jefferson who took upon the bidding of the magician who had waved the wand. himself the organization of the forces of democracy, The greater part of the intellectuals, lawyers, doctors, when its enemies were in the saddle, booted and spurred, professors, preachers, were enthusiastic champions of and with a well disciplined and powerfull army at the Hamiltonian policies and because of their prestige these back. None but an extrordinary character could have were powerful factors in the moulding of opinion. And, dared hope for victor, and he was that and more. Demo- most serious of all, from Jefferson's point of view, the crat and aristocrat, and sometimes autocrat; philospher major portion of the press was either militantly Hamil- and politician; sentimentalist and utilitarian; artist, tonian or indifferently democratic. In the drawing- naturalist, and scientist; thinker, dreamer, and doer ; rooms were heard the sentiments of the Chambers of * inventor and scholar; writer and statesman; he en- Commerce-in glorification of materialism. * * thralled his followers and fascinated while infuriating As Jefferson surveyed the field, he observed that his his foes . great antagonist's organization was but a consolidation From "Jefferson and Hamilton" by Claude G. Bower, Copy- of organizations previously existent and these impos- righted 1925. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. 376 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 Legislative Aid Proposed As Means of Assuring Teachers Councils Bill Suggested Giving Teachers Privileges Enjoyed in State Outside of Chicago Initial steps to obtain for the teachers of sion and that is to have educational discussion Chicago the privilege of having not less than provided for in a state law, as the teachers of five school days a year, without loss of salary, Illinois outside of Chicago now have it. for meetings for educational discussion, a The restoration of the teachers' councils on privilege enjoyed by the teachers of Illinois that basis would give to the official opinions outside of Chicago, were taken at the meeting and findings of the teachers a standing that of the Chicago Teachers' Federation June would make for a self-respecting, responsible, 12th . capable body of teachers. The Federation asked the cooperation of the If, for instance, there was a discussion on Federation of Men Teachers and the Federa- a reorganization of the school system such as tion of Women High School Teachers in the the introduction of the platoon system and the drafting of a bill for this purpose to be pre- Board of Education found its ideas at vari- sented to the coming session of the legislature. ance with those of the teachers, the Board The discussion on this subject brought out could not silence the whole teaching body by the following points : abolishing their councils because it wished to From present indications the conclusion proceed in defiance of the public opinion of seems warranted that there is danger of the the teaching body. At least the people would Teachers' Councils being restored in an emas- have an opportunity to know what the opinions culated form. Teachers want no backward and judgment of the teaching body were even steps taken . if the Board and Superintendent chose to act After Mrs. Young left the office of Super- contrary to that expressed judgment. intendent, the teachers lost their councils be- The Board of Managers of the Chicago Teachers ' Federation was authorized and cause the superintendent of schools who suc- ceeded her failed to call them. After the directed to act for the Federation in the draft- Board had restored Ella Flagg Young's Coun- ing of the Bill and to seek the cooperation of cils on the recommendation of Superintendent the two other federations referred to. Mortenson he, and the teachers, working to- gether secured a provision in the rules of the SO BE IT Board of Education which made it mandatory A boy who swims may say he swum, but on the Superintendent to call the councils . milk is skimmed and seldom skum, and nails After Mr. Mortenson left the office of you trim, they are not trum. Superintendent the teachers found that estab- When words you speak, the words are lishing their councils in the rules of the Board spoken, but nose is tweaked, and can't be left them at the whim and caprice of six twoken, and what you seek is seldom soken. members of a Board of Education instead of If we forget, then we've forgotten, but one superintendent. Over night, by six votes, things we wet are never wotten, and houses let the councils were taken from the teachers, cannot be lotten . the Board first refusing to enforce its rule The goods one sells are always sold, but and later repealing it. Now the teachers in- fears dispelled are not dispold, and what you tend to direct their efforts to secure the coun- smell is never smoled . cils in such a way that there will be no power When young , a top you oft saw spun, but in six members of a Board of Education to did you see a grin e'er grun, or a potato nearly take away from 11,000 teachers of Chicago skun ?-University Life . the right to discuss and present findings on educational policies and school administration ON RETIRING and to do it as a part of their official duties, and, therefore, during school hours. A city child visited a farm for the first time There is but one way to insure to the in his life. He watched the farmer's wife teachers of Chicago continuity and per- plucking a chicken. Finally he asked : “ Do manency of provision for educational discus- yer take off their clothes every night, lady ?" Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 377 City Council to Investigate " Guerrilla Warfare" Aldermen Claim Don Rogers' Article Attempt to Obstruct City Tax Program so as to increase the revenues of the schools and other The City Council at its meeting June 16 public bodies without adding to the burdens of the took steps to investigate the publication of an small home owners who are already crushed under a article by Don C. Rogers , Principal of the rate of taxation abnormally high because of the fact Smyth School, in the Chicago Principals' Club that more valuable properties are notoriously escaping Service Bulletin No. 6, purporting to be issued just assessments . by the Chicago Principals' Club . Wiley W. Mills Eugene L. Nusser Leo M. Brieske Albert E. Loescher The article in question, according to the John J. Hoellen B. A. Cronson resolution passed at the Council meeting, is O. F. Nelson Patrick F. Ryan an attempt to obstruct and discredit the pro- gram of the City Council and Board of Edu- cation for increasing revenue for the schools RESOLUTION FOR PUBLIC MEETINGS and other purposes by means of equalization An effort to have public meetings called in of assessment of property for taxation . the interest of the appraisement for purposes Signatures attached to the resolution which of taxation of downtown property was made passed unanimously were those of Aldermen at the City Council meeting June 16. Mills , Brieske, Hoellen, Nelson, Nusser, A resolution signed by Alderman Clark, Loescher, Cronson and Ryan . chairman of the Special Tax Committee of Following is the resolution : the Council Finance Committee, calling upon WHEREAS, a member of the Board of Education, the Finance Committee to hold public meet- who is also a member of the Special Tax Committee ings as a means of assisting The Manufac- of that Board, at a meeting on last Thursday, June 10, held at the Union League Club, made the statement turers' Appraisal Company to obtain as wide that the Board of Education must have more money for and accurate a public opinion of property its educational fund "by the beginning of 1928" other- values as possible, was presented at the Coun- wise they would have to shorten the school year or cil meeting. It was referred to the Finance cut out some of the School Board's activities, and Committee . The chairman of the Finance WHEREAS , In a four- page article, entitled "Financial Committee, Alderman Woodhull, spoke Condition of the Chicago Public Schools " in a publica- tion purporting to be issued by the Chicago Principals' against the resolution . Club and designated Service Bulletin No. 6, June, 1926, Following is the resolution : Don C. Rogers, principal of the Smyth school, makes it clear that he is continuing the program of attempting WHEREAS , The Sub-committee of the Finance Com- to discredit and obstruct the City Council's plan for mittee having in charge the program of the City Council increasing revenue for the schools and other public and the Board of Education for obtaining increased purposes by means of equalization of assessments of revenues for public purposes by means of equalizing property, and assessments of property for taxation, rather than by an WHEREAS , In said statement Mr. Rogers says that increase in the tax rate and the Finance Committee have additional revenue must be available by 1927 or " the recommended to the City Council and the City Council schools cannot go over the year 1927," and so contra- has adopted their report recommending the employment dicts the statement made by the member of the Board of the Manufacturers' Appraisal Company to make an of Education on last Thursday when the latter said appraisal of the value of buildings and lands in the that the Board of Education must have more money down-town section of Chicago for the purpose of assist- by the beginning of 1928 , and ing the Board of Assessors and the Board of Review to WHEREAS, Such a policy of bushwhacking and make a more equitable assessment of property for taxa- guerilla warefare even if not for the purpose of ob- tion; structing said program of the City Council and the RESOLVED: That the Finance Committee is hereby Board of Education, must have the effect of confusing authorized and directed to cause public meetings to be the issue and impeding the progress of equalizing held for the purpose of assisting the Committee of the assessments of property for taxation , Manufacturers' Appraisal Company to obtain as wide THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED; that the Schools and accurate an opinion as possible of the usefulnss of Committee of the City Council be, and it hereby is, em- streets and public highways, and the property abutting powered and directed forthwith to investigate and to thereon, in the central district of Chicago , to the end determine if possible, the reason for this manifest pur- that the investigation now under way of assessments of pose to obstruct the program of the Board of Education property for taxation purposes may be based upon the and City Council of the City of Chicago to bring about widest and most effective opinions of members of the a more equitable assessment of property for taxation community. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 378 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 Appraisal Company Starts Work of Valuing Down Town Property Union League Club Holds Meeting for Discussion Chicago's plan for the appraisal of its down dertaken without prejudice, with the expec- town property within the area bounded by the tation that it will be useful in proving to the Chicago River on the north and west, the lake city authorities the possibility of fair and and Roosevelt Road, as a means of securing equitable assessment of real estate in Chicago an equitable assessment of property for tax- based on the scientific methods of valuation ation, was outlined Thursday, June 10, at aunder expert direction, which have proved meeting of the Public Affairs Committee of their worth in nearly 100 cities elsewhere in the Union League Club addressed by Walter the United States. W. Pollock, President of the Manufacturers' "We believe all taxpayers should take an Appraisal Company . interest in this appraisal because every tax- That company with its home office in Phila- payer has an interest in knowing that his own delphia and a branch office in Chicago was and all other properties are valued for taxa- given a contract by the city council to make tion by identical standards,” Mr. Pollock said. an appraisal of the down town property. Mr. Doty, assisting Mr. Pollock, was intro- Mayor Dever, aldermen, members of the duced and also addressed the meeting. He Board of Education, representatives of the advocated public meetings to secure the ex- Federation of Labor, Chicago Teachers' Fed- pression of public opinion on the work as it eration and various public officers attended progresses in order that the results may be the meeting. representative, and may be the expression of Mr. Pollock explained the method used by a large part of the public mind and therefore him and his company in making the valuation represent public opinion as to actual values and distributed copies of a pamphlet and a and command public support. map showing tentative percentage front foot Following is the explanation made by Mr. valuations of streets in each block in that Pollock of the Manufacturers' Appraisal area. Company of the work it is doing under en- The appraisal, Mr. Pollock said, was un- gagement to a joint committee of the Chicago City Council and Board of Education : * * * NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART We hear complaints on various phases of Our spare time courses offer oppor- taxation, but with a rather wide experience in a good tunity to Chicago teachers for art many years I believe that I say the truth when I say Galleries training in its practical as well as cul- open day tural phases . there are very few people in any community who are and eve- Curriculum Includes Nude Life , Portraiture, Illustration, not willing to pay their fair share of taxes if they know ning . Illus- exactly what that share is and if they know that every . trated Design, Commercial Fundamentals, In- terior Decoration, Glassware, Wooden- one else is paying his share of taxes. Therefore the catalog on ware, Lamp Shade, Furniture, Decorat- request. ing. Day, Evening , Saturday, Sunday basis of taxation, so far as real estate is concerned, must and Home Study Courses. be a standardized valuation of real estate, of land and NATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMMERCIAL ART Proctor M. Fiske, Director buildings, a valuation made on a basis that is acceptable PELOUZE BLDG . , 230 EAST OHIO STREET to the community, that will enable the assessor to prove the fairness of his valuations, that will enable the tax- payer to know that he is fairly taxed and that his neigh- * ** bor and every other taxpayer is fairly taxed. CHICAGO TRUNK & LEATHER GOODS CO Under the method which we have followed in nearly MANUFACTURERS OF one hundred cities in assisting tax assessors the expres- sion of judgment is given for what we call the unit foot. Now that unit foot, when appraised, represents an opin- WALITY ion of the value which a single street reflects to a block frontage for one foot front and one hundred feet deep. Baggage * * I will say this system, the Somers system, was first established for the assessment of an entire city in LUGGAGE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION Cleveland, Ohio, in 1910 and has been kept up to date 526 SOUTH WABASH AVENUE by the assessor in that city. The assessor in Cleveland CHICAGO , ILL. at his revision periods puts out a map showing the unit foot values of each street, divides them up in sections Wholesale Prices to School Teac and invites the participation of the property owners in Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 379 the consideration as to the relevancy of those unit foot values, and when they have been finally determined by public discussion of course the assessor being the judge as to the merits of the different arguments-when there See has been a final determination the rest is computation. * In the same way buildings are appraised by measure- ment and description and the application of factors to ALASKA Travel to the Yukon show the cost of new reproduction and the application ... mysterious of judgment as to depreciation, the consideration of strange colorful land of the midnight mechanical deterioration, obsolescence or lack of utility, sun, on a yacht- like Canadian Pacifio Prin- or any elements which may be deemed to cause the loss cess steamer 1000miles of usefulness which we describe under the heading of from Vancouver to Skagway by the placid depreciation. Where this has been done there is in the inner passage. Inter- hands of the assessor a record of the basis of each ap- esting shore excur- 1 sions . A summer va- * * * praisal of land and of each building. cation 'mid glaciers and snowpeaks - in weather as springlike Now as to this Chicago experiment that we are engag- as May. Minimum round trip fare $90, Σ ing in in behalf of the Investigating Committee of the meals and berth in- and the cluded. You'll enjoy T City Council and the Board of Education, we are under Alaska CANADIAN PACIFIC engagement to make an appraisal of all of the land and ROCKIES all of the buildings within the area bounded by the Be sure to plan your trip to Alaska and Chicago river on the north and west, Michigan avenue ** include a stop over at Lake Louise, on the east and Roosevelt Road on the south. Banff and Glacier-world famous re- sorts in the Canadian Pacific Rockies . Open top observation cars drawn by oil burning engines insure you real enjoy- Our land appraisers have expressed the judgment that ment passing through this Alpine Won- A the east side of State street between Monroe and Wash- derland. For rates and full information , write, phone or call ington streets are the highest valued frontages in the * * Thos . J. Wall, General Agent, Dept. E. , city and that they are of equal valuation. 71 E. Jackson, Near Michigan, Straus Bldg., Tel. Wabash 1904, Chicago, IlШ. We, however, will be very glad to have suggestions CANADIAN PACIFIC from property owners, from individuals, from anyone, as WORLD'S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM to the relevancy and propriety of those percentages. Y We have a considerable staff of expert appraisers that Fur Storage and Remodeling work on the buildings and I wish to say that the build- Now is the time for remodeling. No charge for storage if remodeled during the Summer at our E ings have practically all been measured and checked as Summer Rates. to their descriptions and the unit valuations and the Our New Fall Styles Now On Display. depreciations will be put on within a very short time. al * * 1 Siegel&Barth MFRS . P MR. KELLY: I would like to ask whether property 39 So. State St. Dear. 6023 and 3359 owners know when you are making these valuations. ‫ا‬ Are they consulted at all so that they know this is b going on? JUST WHAT YOU WANT -discussions, suggestions and everything on ART of value MR . POLLOCK: In an assessment, where we have the to you, the educator. Every page an illustrated message on ‫ا‬ Art, vitally interesting and helpful. Your subscription will power of assessment, property owners are given every be welcomed. $2.00 per year-20c per copy. Send stamps for opportunity for discussion. So far as we are concerned sample copy. Remember, it's the ‫لا‬ ALL-ARTS MAGAZINE we would welcome public discussion either through the Published by All-Arts Company, Inc. committee which is employing us or through organiza- 63 E. Adams St., Dept. M Chicago, Illinois tions that are interested in our work. Mr. Doty is here Insured for the purpose of getting all the help, all the informa- INDESTRUCTO Trunks 1 tion he can from those who care to give him help and * * from the city. INDESTRUCTO TRUNKS AND LUGGAGE From stenographic report of Conference on Taxation held June 10, 1926, at Union League Club. Built to last and to Satisfy CHICAGO SALES ROOM , 20 E. Jackson Blvd. HARRison 8123 FANCY! R. W. OWEN, Representative Diner (in English restaurant)-This genu- ine turtle soup ? Why, there isn't a taste of turtle in it. MARINELLO Waiter-Quite true, sir ; but you'd 'ardly Approved Beauty Shop Everything in Beauty Culture expect to find Mr. Baldwin in the cabinet Permanent Waving and Expert Hair Cutting by Licensed Man Operator pudding, now would you, sir ?-Boston Tran- Suite 602 Stewart Bldg. 108 N. State Opposite Fields CENtral 3877 script. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 380 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 Emeritus Hearing Common Sense Will Tell You Scheduled for July 6 ARNOLD CLOVE CHIP SHOES Glove Grip Shoes are made Amended Petitions to Be Filed in Case as any shoe ought to be made -like the footprint. They of Samuel Leland are flexible enough for com- fort, but with support enough for the arch . For men and women. In combination lasts. The Emeritus Service hearing in the case Combination Lasts of Samuel Leland, who has filed a petition for $10-$11-$12 a writ of mandamus, is scheduled for July 6, 1926, according to his attorneys . ARNOLD GLOVE GRIP BOOT SHOP After numerous continuances , argument Room 206 6 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill. was heard on the demurrer of the Board of Education to Mr. Leland's petition, which asks for his reinstatement. It was before Judge Oscar M. Torrison in the Circuit Court Luncheon June 8. Candies The demurrer raised questions of law only. The hearing continued June 8 and 9. Judge Rich Ice Creams Torrison asked that the petition be amended to present more definite information in regard Much as though you would conceive in your own mind the finest and most desirable to Mr. Leland's appointment and as to the things to eat and then find them in existence of the so- called Emeritus Service beautiful surroundings-moderately priced ! rule under which he was removed as a teacher At My New Tea Room and assigned to Emeritus Service. JULIA KING'S In order that these points might be put 118-22 NORTH DEARBORN ST. clearly before him he granted the petitioner Near Randolph St. leave to amend his petition, allowing him 10 days to make the amendment and the Board DISTINCTIVE PERMANENT of Education 10 days thereafter to answer. WAVING SpecialAppointment Time SetAside for Teachers GREEN SWALLOWS Anne Heathcote Studio Little Girl-Look, Bobbie, bright green love 608 Republic Building-209 South State Street Telephone Harrison 9060 birds! FRANCES Specializes in Cutting Curly Hair Bobby-Pooh ! They're only unripe canar- ies . London Opinion . GOLD - SILVER - PLATINUM THE MODERNS JEWELRY TO ORDER Mother : " You wicked boy ! You came home CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO . like that at dinner time, and after I've been 707 Capitol Bldg. and tidied you up you go and have another 159 No. State St. Chicago fight." Small Boy : "No, mother, it was the same fight ; we knocked off for dinner."-Kansas TEACHERS !! LetMe AttendYou Before Vacation City Times . SUPERFLUOUS HAIR Removed by Multiple Electrolysis GUARANTEED PERMANENT AND SATISFACTORY DON'T BACILLI LOUISE B. EVERETT Personal Service Husband ( loaded with luggage, at railway 17 N. State Street-Dearborn 5277 station)-I wish we'd brought the piano, dear. Wife-Don't try to be funny, George ! Husband - But I left the tickets on the 56 Years In The Fur Business !! I KNOW FUR Why take chances with moths each Sum- piano ! London Tit-Bits . mer. Our Fur Storage Vaults, of special construction have been designed to elim- inate every possible worry . Teacher : "Use the right verb in this sen- F. RANKE FUR CO . Second floor Capitol Bldg. tence. 'The toast was drank in silence. ' " 159 N. State St. Dearborn 5831 Pupil : " The toast was ate in silence." -Country Teacher. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 381 June 16, 1926 Five points of interest, neces- City Council Requests sary for foot comfort, found in SOCKET -FIT SHOES Schools Closed A close-fitting instep, which, when laced up, forms a bandage about your arch to relieve all muscle strain- The flexible construction which exer- Asks Holiday for Eucharistic Congress Day cises and strengthens the muscles- The soles which are moulded exactly to the contour of the sole of your foot making them comfortable without breaking in- The proper balance which helps you to walk Request to close the schools Thursday, June naturally and without strain-and last but not least 24, 1926, in order to allow teachers and pupils The long, hard wear. These five points combined with a personal inter- to attend the Eucharistic Congress, was made est in fitting assures you foot comfort. D. C. LOCKE'S of President Ellicott by the City Council, June 16, in a resolution asking him to exercise In the SOCKET FIT , Formerly Lobby the his power to close the schools on special oc- of the College casions . Shops SHOE STORE Boot After the City Council had voted to give all Bldg. 17 North Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Shop the city employes, other than teachers, a holi- day June 24, the Council passed the following resolution introduced by Alderman Oscar F. Bluebird Cottage Nelson : BLUEBIRD COTTAGE in the Rocky Mountains at Boulder, Colorado, is open the year round to any Chicago teacher for rest and recuperation in the pure air and sunshine of Colorado. Be it resolved : That it is the sense of the Register NOW for your Summer Vacation. Reservations may be made in Chicago at City Council of the City of Chicago that the 1515 Capitol Building President of the Board of Education who is empowered to close the schools on special oc- casions for a length of time not exceeding two TAXI CAB SERVICE days be requested to exercise that power and We Will Be Pleased to Open Accounts with CHI- CAGO SCHOOL TEACHERS. As to the caliber of order all public schools closed on Thursday, our service, we refer you to Miss Margaret Haley. June 24, 1926 to afford the teaching force as ATLAS LIVERY ASSOCIATION 1 well as the pupils an opportunity to attend the TheOldest Cab Company In Chicago Calumet 3500 7 W. Cullerton St. Eucharistic Congress . The above resolution was adopted unani- If You Want a Good Shingle Bob mously by vive voce vote. or Permanent Marcel Wave Come in and see us ! Mose Is Out of Luck! JOSEPH P. MARTIN 1016 Stevens Bldg. CENT. 1216 DEAR. 6542 A West Virginia darky, a blacksmith, re- cently announced a change in his business, as follows : Large Stock O. R. May Fur Co. "Notice : De copardnership heretofore re- on hand Remodeling and Repairing sisting between me and Mose Skinner is New CoatsMadetoOrder hereby resolved. Dem what owe de firm will 501 Capitol Building State and Randolph settle with me, and what de firm owe will Central6049 settle wid Mose ." Established1897 -The Progressive Teacher. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Dora Furlong Incorporated MARGARET A. HALEY Editor and Publisher 624 So. Michigan Avenue Blum Bldg. Phone Wabash 2595 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN is published twice a month for ten months from September to June, inclusive, by Margaret A. Haley. Permanent waving by the most competent operators. We guarantee all permanent waving to be the very THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE is Two Dollars per year. Single copies, best that can be secured anywhere. 15 Cents, Entire Head $8.00 LIBRARIES will be sent two copies for the price of one. ALL REMITTANCES by check or draft should be made payable to the order of PHONE STATE 7698 G. Finch, Prop. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite 1335, American HOGAN SHOE REPAIR SHOP Bond and Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago Shoe Repairing of the Better Class Work Done While You Wait Phone Central 3904 26 W. Washington St., 5th Floor Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 382 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 Do You Get The Bulletin ? Do You Read The Bulletin ? Can You Afford To Be Without It? Have You Paid For It? If Not- WILL YOU NOW ? Margaret Haley's Bulletin 127 N. Dearborn St. Subscription Price , $2.00 Central 3904 Make Checks Payable to Margaret Haley's Bulletin SCHOOL TEACHERS' "A. B. C. " SHOPPING GUIDE SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS FOR BUSY TEACHERS HM R Make Your Own EADED BAGS IGURE MOLDS CORSET ATS SAVE HALF Repaired , Relined and Duplicated Enterthe new "Dream" Detachable Top Figure Mold. B Siik Bags Made to Order DE LUXE BAG SHOP 711 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. WashingtonSt. F Clean and Dainty for Summer. 10% Discount to Teachers. Mrs. L. MacPHERSON 517 Venetian Bldg. 15 E. Washington St. Our free designing, cutting and pinning service makes it possible. 10% discountto teachers MILLINERY SUPPLY Room 906-17 N. State St. CO . ORSETS ILLINERY SUPPLIES UR REMODELED COATS Including FREE designing service of cut- Gossard Corsets C F' Lingerie EICHORN 72 E. Madison During the summer at $25 Furs Stored Free THEO . ABELES 17 N. State St. Dea. 3382 M ting, fitting and pinning materials selected. Saves 50% on hats. 10% disc. to teachers. MILLINERY SUPPLY CO . Room 906-17 N. State St. REDUCED PRICES PATS EDUCING GARMENTS URS BEI MayandJus New Spring Styles Bridge Corsets and F H Storage, Remodeling, Cleaning, Repairing FANCHON L. TROEGER, Inc. 4th floor Republic Bldg ., State at Adams,Wab .5555 Popular Prices KORA FOWLER 30 N. Michigan Surgical Supports BERTHA BRIDGE 926 Marshall Field Annex Central 6328 Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . June 16, 1926 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN 383 School Wails ENRICI'S is famous no less H for the enduring and deep O, how glad we'll all be for vacation friendships it has won than When the work of this hard year is done ; We are sick of the word computation, for the quality of the foods Silent reading makes us all want to run. it serves and for the great A program each week for assembly volume of its patronage. Of a Satur- Has surely become a great bore, day, before the matinee, it is the great They make us so tired and so trembly That none of us wants any more. central meeting place . Socialized recitation may sound well , It's fine to learn singing by note, But Alas ! If the pupils are Dumb-bells , Poor Teacher is always the Goat. (Tune-"The Prisoner's Song." ) -Contributed by Teachers . Sick Child : BEWARE " I want to be read to ." HENRICI'S Nurse : " What book do you want to be WM . M. COLLINS, PRESIDENT read to out of ?" Sick Child : “Robinson Crusoe .” The nurse then goes out and returns with 67 W. Randolph St. " The Swiss Family Robinson." Between Dearborn and Clark Streets Sick Child : "What did you bring me that book to be read to out of from for ? "-Warn- ing put out by the Society for Pure English. The Minneapolis Bulletin. Scientific and Permanent Janus Method CORRECT! Of Reducing and Rejuvenating, Inc. Suite 313-316 Venetian Bldg., 15 East Washington Street English Prof : Correct this sentence : "Be- Branch at 4811 Sheridan Road Dearborn 2005 fore any damage could be done, the fire was Rejuvenation of Face and Body EDYTH DIEDRICH CHICAGO put out by the volunteer fire department. " Frosh : " The fire was put out before any damage could be done by the volunteer fire Nestle Lanoil Marcel Wave 50 cents Permanent Wave $10.00 Friday and Saturday 75 cents department . " Modern Beauty Shoppe's Experienced Operators We Guarantee Our Work Loop West Side 1636 W. Van Buren St. SUBSCRIPTION Suite 610 Capitol Bldg . 159 N. State St. Phone West 3427 to Phone Dearborn 0317 Open evenings Tuesday, Open Evenings, Mon. , Tues., Fri. Thur. , Fri. and Sat. MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN Name . The Most Satisfactory Address . (Street and Number) PERMANENT WAVE City Guaranteed to Please Subscription price $2.00 per year. MARGARET A. HALEY, Editor, Suite PAUL MUNTZING, 162 N. State St. 1335 American Bond & Mortgage Bldg., 127 N. Dearborn St., Chicago. Tel. Central 3904. FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS For Rent-Cozy home in Gold Hill , Colorado, fully furnished, including six beds, beautiful Streiff&Dagobert FLORISTS, fireplace, sleeping porches. Lovely view, easy, beautiful hikes, moderate terms. Call Van Expert Designer of Floral Art Nevada 0217 3211 W. Madison St. Buren 7382 . Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin . 384 MARGARET HALEY'S BULLETIN June 16, 1926 SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL You are cordially invited to refer your stu- TEACHERS dents to us for beginning or review work in SHORTHAND . TYPEWRITING . BOOKKEEPING Private Instructions by Competent Teachers A personal inspection of our school will be convincing As a teacher, you are often called upon to shoulder the responsibility of recommending a school to your PREPARE YOURSELF FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK We can prepare you during the Summer months to in- students. We sincerely believe that a visit to this struct in Shorthand, Typewriting or Bookkeeping. Our school will convince you that you can unhesitatingly correspondence course taken in the winter months will send your students to us . You will find our courses prepare you so well that much better results will be intensive throughout, and rapid in their preparation obtained, with less physical strain, when you come to us in the Summer. for positions. SHORTHAND COACH SCHOOL-Myrtle M. Voss 101-3-4-5 Auditorium Building. Tenth Floor 431 South Wabash Avenue Wabash 3732 - Harrison 1995 When referring students to us-kindly ask them to give us your name, and the name of the school in which you teach. MARIE VEATCH SPARE TIME ART COURSES SCHOOL OF THE DANCE Ballet, Character, Clog, Soft Shoe and Charleston Many of us do not realize what can be accom- After studying in Spain we are prepared to give the latest and plished in SPARE TIME IN ART-do you ? Mon- most complete day-Wednesday-Friday evenings from 7 to 9:30, SPANISH DANCES also Saturday and Sunday Classes in ART. Pos- AND CASTANETTING sibly we have just the course you have always Special Classes for Theatrical Preparation longed to take. What is it dress design, fashion, interior decoration, commercial art, illustration or ? An arrangement has been made by the Marie Veatch School whereby her pupils, after sufficient Just Ask Us About Our Spare Time Courses instruction, are placed on the Descriptive Literature Gladly Mailed on Request ORPHEUM CIRCUIT Write for information AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ART Downtown South Side Fine Arts Bldg . 5240 Harper Ave. 306 S. Wabash Ave., Dept. M Chicago, Ill. Wab. 7432 Hyde Park 6176 "America's Most Complete, Practical Art School" FINE ARTS BLDG . CHICAGO Dramatic Kindergarten Training Maclean College ofandMusic, Speech Arts " The Little College" for Particular People. Pestalozzi Froebel Teachers College Vocal Art, Musical Comedy, Stage Craft, Expression, Public Speaking, 3 Courses : Dramatic Art Kindergarten, Primary, Playground A perfectly equipped miniature theatre for practical work . Excellent Instructors, Individual Atten- Overlooks Lake. Central Location . tion, Convenient Location, Enter at Any Time, Promotional Credits for Teachers Accredited. 50th Year Opens Sept. DR. J. C. MACLEAN, Director Music Dept. 21. Address Registrar, Box H , M. CATHERINE LYONS Director Speech Arts Dept. 616-22 S. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . 2835 S. Michigan Ave. CHICAGO Phone Victory 7514 2001 STRAUS BLDG. TELEPHONE HARRISON 0906 ALL LAURA MAE HAYWARD Educational Adviser SECRET - SOCIETY EMBLEMS A PERSONAL SERVICE PLACING GIRLS AND BOYS IN SCHOOLS AND CAMPS ADAPTED TO CHAS. A. WINSHIP & CO . THEIR INDIVIDUAL REQUIREMENTS 707 Capitol Bldg. Manufacturers THIS SERVICE IS WITHOUT CHARGE 159 No. State St. Chicago KITCHING'S GAMUT BELLS 792S. Gamut Bells. Made of the finest tool steel perfectly tuned and producing pure, clear, and mellow tones. There are 25 plates, giving two chromatic octaves from A below middle C to the first A above treble staff. Especially valuable for demonstrating the exact sound belonging to each letter and note in the chromatic scale. A large number of these bells are used with good success in the Chicago schools. Complete with two rubber hammers. Price and further information may be obtained by 'phoning Beverly 3023. CYRUS KITCHING 2255 West 91st Street Bells that haven't been in use for many years may be repaired at reasonable prices by the original maker. Boost the advertisers and boost The Bulletin. JL THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY E NT REFERENC DEPARTME This book is under no circumstances to be taken from the Building form 410 JAN 31 1927 R MA BU