Eg turn to Administration Brancft Of i ice Boom oj^ Education FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY Paul V. McNutt, Administrator U. S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION Ml John W. Studebaker, Commissioner BULLETIN 1940, No. 2 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES 1936-1938 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942 woii isroiai : III 432/ C I U. S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION Created March 2, 1867 Made an office of the Interior Depa?~tment July 1, 1869 Transferred to the Federal Security Agency July 1 , 1939 COMMISSIONERS 1 1 bn | v,^-E -0^01*1 Henry Barnard, LL. D. March 11,, 1867, to March 15, 1870 .John Eaton, Pli. D., LL. D. March 16, 1870, to August 5, 1S86 Nathaniel H. R. Dawson, L. H. D. August 6, 1886, to September 3, 1889 William T. Harris, Ph. I)., LL. D. September 12, 1889, to June 30, 1906 Elmer Ellsworth Brown, Ph. D., LL. D. July 1, 1906, to June 30, 1911 Philander Priestley Claxton, Litt. D., LL. D. July 8, 1911, to June 1, 1921 John James Tigert, M. A. (Oxon), Ed. D., LL, D. June 2, 1921, to August 31, 1928 William John Cooper, Ed. D., Litt. D„ LL. D. February 11, 1929, to July 10, 1933 George F. Zook, Ph. D., LL. D., Litt. D. July 11, 1933, to June 30, 1931, John W. Studebaker. LL. I). October 23, 1931, L 111 . A323 1936-38 Biennial survey of education in the United States CONTENTS Chapter I. II. III. IV. V. Statistical summary of education, 1937-38. Statistics of State school systems, 1937-38. Statistics of city school systems, 1937-38. Statistics of higher education, 1937-38. Statistics of public high schools, 1937-38. Index. iii K- T..;- ! ! .. t: .,“T, -\?>1 ; ■ . ••I-1’-; - . i -VX‘.'L ■■ '■ . . r . /.[} . x r/1 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 BULLETIN 1940 , NO. 2 • CHAPTER I Prepared by Emery M. Foster, Chief Division of Statistics FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY Paul V. McNutt, Administrator U. S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION John W. Studebaker, Commissioner 2 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Table 2. — Number of schools covered by reports requested ( continental United States) A.— In 1937-38 Type Public elementary _ Public secondary _ Public institutions of higher education - Private institutions of higher education _ Number of schools 221, 660 25, 467 608 1, 165 Total 248, 900 B. — In Previous Years (Data included in 1937-38 estimates) Private elementary 1 _ 9, 992 Private secondary 1 _ 3, 327 Public residential schools for exceptional children 2 _ 295 Private residential schools for exceptional children 2 _ 123 Private commercial schools 1 - 2, 099 Public and private schools of nursing 2 - - - 1, 381 Total _ 17,217 Grand total _ 266, 117 1 Estimated; latest study made in 1933. 2 1936 data. Types of schools from which no data are collected and which are not included in the national figures are: Private vocational and trade schools. Private schools of art, music, dancing, and dramatics (non-degree-granting), including individual instruction. Private Bible schools not granting theological degrees. Private correspondence schools. Table 3. — Total number of schools of specified types, 1937-38 State, District of Columbia or outlying part Elementary schools High schools Universities, colleges, and professional schools Other types for which numbers are available Residential schools for the blind, deaf, feeble-minded, and delinquent 2 Private com¬ mer¬ cial cph nnl-oocc*o©r>-©© © t- rt<4DCD00^*O©CMT**CMt^^C0CM . ► ~ CM *0 © © © © 00 t'- CO CD ^ CO CO h- © CM©©l'-rt ©* 238, 853, 496 1,309,292,447 684,964,111 2, 233, 110, 054 1936 10 128, 429, 000 31,618,000 26, 367, 098 5, 974, 537 22, 298, 767 3,857,043,208 179, 073 691, 890 870, 963 238, 867 $6, 731, 324, 741 $24, 370, 473 1,330,401,986 555, 353, 854 61, 276, 103 CO s ©a 171, 321, 674 1, 181,772, 745 615, 803, 779 1, 968, 898, 198 CO 05 ©a 126, 425, 000 32, 392, 749 26, 434, 193 5, 669, 156 22, 458. 190 3,853,033,594 da t-h o oo r-H ZD O ©* 241, 428 $6, 624, 771, 206 $22, 058, 583 1, 317, 898, 716 402, 500, 724 68, 194, 070 . 1, 810, 652, 093 59, 276, 555 1,103,705,671 557, 123, 003 ©a ©> ©i \fS o ® ©* r* 1930 GO 122, 775, 046 31, 571, 322 25, 678, 015 4, 399, 422 21, 264, 886 3, 672, 765, 005 141,771 712, 492 w a oo 247, 289 $6, 211, 327, 040 $27, 516, 517 1, 645, 687, 651 329, 312, 434 86, 040, 235 ©a GO CO IS oo ® ©* 370, 877, 969 1, 295, 201, 424 650, 710, 991 00 ©9 o' ©a ©5 ©* 1920 - 105, 710, 620 27, 728, 788 21, 578, 316 2, 200, 389 16, 150, 035 2,615,161,151 95, 654 583, 648 ©© ©a~ r* CO 271,319 $2, 409,719, 120, $26, 036, 098 758, 896, 551 134, 278, 753 50, 908, 896 ra ® ©* o' ©a 153, 542, 852 613, 404, 578 269, 203, 779 1, 036, 151, 209 1910 C© 91, 972, 266 24, 239, 948 17, 813, 852 3 915, 061 12, 827, 307 2,011,477, 065 110, 481 412, 729 o ©* ©► 265, 474 $1. 091, 007, 512 $14, 096, 555 312, 221, 582 64, 604, 701 42, 140, 859 ca CO ©© o ©9 eo 69, 978, 370 253, 915, 170 102, 356, 894 a o ©1 ©* o s 1 75, 602, 515 21, 404, 322 15, 503, 110 3 519, 251 10, 632, 772 1, 534, 822, 633 ZD ZD Oa N CO ® ©© e* 248, 279 $550, 069, 217 $9, 152, 274 149, 486, 845 37, 886, 740 23. 240, 130 ©a r ©a ©a" ©i 35, 450, 820 137, 687, 746 41, 826, 052 GO ® O ©a ©* 1890 *** 62, 622, 250 18, 543, 201 12, 722, 631 3 202, 963 8, 153, 635 1, 098, 232, 725 125, 525 238, 397 w s ©9 JO 224, 526 $342,531,791 $7, 744, 765 97, 222, 426 26, 345, 323 11, 882, 292 143, 194, 806 26, 207, 041 91, 836, 484 22, 463, 190 if* r* c© § o o oo oo eo 50, 155, 783 15, 065, 767 9, 867, 395 3 110, 227 6, 144, 143 800, 719, 970 122, 795 163, 798 286, 593 178, 122 $209, 571, 718 1 III 1 ill 1 III 1 III $55, 942, 972 78, 094, 687 o t> 00 " 38, 558, 371 12, 055, 443 6, 871, 522 2 3 80, 277 4, 077, 347 539, 053, 423 77, 529 122, 986 O o ©i 116,312 $130, 383, 008 $37, 832, 566 63, 396, 666 Item I .—General statistics Total population * _ Children 5-17 years of age (inclusive) Pupils enrolled (excluding duplicates) . . Pupils enrolled in public high schools... Average daily attendance _ Total number of days attended by all pupils. . . . Men teachers _ _ Women teachers . . . . Total teachers _ ... . Number of school houses. . Value of all school property . . II. — Financial statistics Revenue receipts from — Income of permanent funds and lands _ . County and local taxes and appro¬ priations _ . State taxes and appropriations .. . All other sources. . . Total _ . Expenditures for— Sites, buildings, furniture, libraries, and apparatus _ S. laries of superintendents, super¬ visors, principals, and teachers. .. All other purposes.. _ _ Total _ _ STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 19 20 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 The trend of decreasing enrollments affected grades 1 to 3 first in 1926, grades 4 to 6 in 1928, but it took 10 years more to affect grades 7 and 8, which in 1938 show the first decrease (table 20). Table 20. — Changes in elementary school enrollment by grade groups , 1920-38 Enrollment by grade groups Kinder¬ garten Grades 1,2,3 Grades 4, 5, 6 Grades 7-8 Total 1 2 3 4 9 6 1920 . . . . - 481, 266 9, 456, 260 6,599,978 5,007, 267 7, 269, 866 7, 369, 504 7, 311, 383 7, 237, 969 2, 840, 423 3, 187,907 3, 226, 099 3, 415, 369 3, 611, 990 3, 631, 109 3, 734, 345 3,907,934 3,921,956 3, 895, 298 19, 377, 927 20, 366, 218 20,898,930 20,984, 002 21, 268, 417 21,278,593 21, 135, 420 20, 765,037 20, 392, 561 19, 748, 174 1922 __ _ _ 529, 235 9, 741, 809 9, 793, 306 9, 525, 898 9, 649, 554 9, 686, 072 1924 . . . . 609, 659 1926 . . . . ... 673, 231 1928 _ 695, 490 1930 _ _ _ _ 723, 443 1932 . ... . . 701, 403 9, 370, 098 7, 329, 574 7, 294, 502 7, 251, 202 1934 . . . . . . 601, 775 8,960, 826 8, 612, 650 8, 248, 075 1936 . . . 606, 753 1938 _ _ 607,034 6,997, 767 Private Elementary Schools From data reported by State departments and city school systems, and by the National Catholic Welfare Conference, it is estimated that in 1937-38, 2,240,650 pupils were enrolled in 9,992 private and parochial elementary schools employing 67,139 teachers. The latest data on the number of schools, teachers, and pupils by religious affiliation or control of the school are for 1933 (Office of Education Bulletin, 1935, No. 2, ch. VI). STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 21 Table 21. — Number of private elementary schools reporting, number of instructors, and enrollment, classified according to religious affiliation or control of schools, 1932-33 Religious denomination Number of schools Instructors Enrollment report¬ ing Men Women Boys Girls ■ 2 3 4 5 6 29 12 64 1,014 106 910 2 2 7 81 1 1 14 5 2 19 64 96 1 1 21 Congregational .. _ _ _ 16 7 46 737 689 Disciples of Christ _ _ _ 2 6 59 47 Episcopal _ _ _ _ - . 85 115 218 2,593 1,841 471 2,137 1, 724 9 Friends . . . . . - 27 32 256 Hebrew _ _ .. _ 2 11 7 Lutheran.. _ _ _ 1,062 1 1,547 1 449 34, 596 16 32,528 12 Mennonite 1 Methodist Episcopal 24 11 52 364 616 Methodist Episcopal, South . . . . . 10 2 30 392 376 Moravian.. ..... . . . . . . 1 2 9 Pillar of Fire.. _ _ _ 1 1 2 8 13 Presbyterian. _ _ _ _ 43 33 123 1, 416 207 1,421 Reformed Church _ _ _ 4 4 13 51 Roman Catholic _ _ _ _ . 5,759 72 1,418 40,927 119 813, 737 1,650 816, 383 1, 516 Seventh-day Adventist . . . . 18 Unitarian . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 11 2 Universalist _ _ _ _ 1 1 2 Other denominations. _ _ _ 11 8 60 840 825 Nonsectarian _ _ _ _ 585 857 2,945 21, 675 21, 149 Total (continental United States and outly¬ ing parts) . . .. _ _ _ _ 7, 745 4, 082 45, 350 881, 797 880, 631 Public Secondary Schools General statistics for public high schools were collected for 1937-38 replacing those for 1934. Tabulations were made so as to make available the number of schools, number of instructional staff mem¬ bers, including supervisors, principals, teachers, and other instructional staff, and enrollment in each type of school separately (table 22). In 1938 there were 50 public high schools with 5,000 or more pupils (table 23). In 1937-38 the junior high schools enrolled 19.0 percent of all high-school pupils. Junior-senior and undivided 5- and 6-year high schools enrolled 24.4 percent of the pupils. Senior high schools enrolled 13.1 percent of the high-school pupils. Therefore the reor¬ ganized high schools account for 56.6 percent of the total and the regular high schools of 4 years or less enrolled 43.5 percent of all high-school pupils. These data include the pupils in the seventh and eighth grades in junior high schools and should not be compared with high-school data based on the last 4 years of the school system re¬ gardless of its organization. 22 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6 3 8 Table 22.— Number of schools , instructional stuff , and enrollment in public high schools , by type , 1937-38 Type Junior High Schools 2-year, white, 11 grades (2-3 plan)1 - 2-year, Negro, 11 grades (2-3 plan) - - 2-year, white, 11 grades (2-4 plan) - 2-year, white, 12 grades (2-3 plan) - 2-year, white, 12 grades (2-4 plan) - 2- year, Negro, 12 grades (2-4 plan) - 3- year, white, 11 grades (3-2 plan) - 3-year, white, 11 grades (3-3 plan) - 3-year, Negro, 11 grades (3-3 plan) - 3-year, white, 12 grades (3-2 plan) - 3-year, white, 12 grades (3-4 plan) - 3-year, white, 12 grades (3-3 plan) - 3- year, Negro, 12 grades (3-3 plan) - 4- year, white, 11 grades (4-2 plan) - - - 4-year, white, 12 grades (4-2 plan) - - - 4-year, Negro, 12 grades (4-2 plan) - Total (junior high schools) Junior-senior and Undivided High Schools Junior-Senior: White, 12 grades (2-4 plan) - Negro, 12 grades (2-4 plan) - White, 12 grades (3-3 plan) - Negro, 12 grades (3-3 plan) - White, 12 grades (3-4 plan) - - Negro, 12 grades (3-4 plan) - - White, 11 grades (2-4, 3-3 plan) - Negro, H grades (2-4, 3-3 plan) - UnC5-yiear, white, 11 grades (2-3, 3-2 plan) - - - 5-vear Negro, 11 grades (2-3, 3-2 plan) - 5-vear white, 12 grades (2-3, 3-2 plan) - 5- year, Negro, 12 grades (2-3, 3-2 plan) - 6- year, white, 11 grades - 6-year, Negro, 11 grades - 6-year, white, 12 grades - 6-year, Negro, 12 grades - Total (junior-senior and undivided high schools) Senior High Schools 2- year, white, 12 grades. . — . 3- year, white, 11 grades - 3-year, Negro, 11 grades.. - - 3-year, white, 12 grades. - - 3- year, Negro, 12 grades - 4- year, white, 11 grades - 4-year, white, 12 grades - 4-year, Negro, 12 grades - Total (senior high schools). Total (reorganized high schools) - Regular High Schools 4-year, white, 12 grades - 4-year, Negro, 12 grades - 4-year, white, 11 grades - 4-year, Negro, 11 grades - 4-year, white, 13 grades - - - 3-years or less, white, 12 grades - 3-years or less, Negro, 12 grades - 3-years or less, white, 11 grades - 3-years or less, Negro, 11 grades - Total (regular high schools) . Grand total - High schools with fewer than 10 enrolled: White.. Negro - _ _ Ungraded' vocational day high schools. Estimated number not reporting - Grand total. Number Number Number of schools instruc- of pupils reporting t ional staff 2 3 4 1 } 906 26, 054 3 32 940 27 701 20. 083 213 } 2, 071 56, 230 37 592 15, 885 1 } 1, 773 49. 891 289 7,538 11 112 2, 758 1,645 1 60 J 43, 486 1, 160, 804 2 34 918 225 ) 29 i \ 2, 724 67,483 2, 372 52, 720 1, 408, 584 1,389 ' | 13, 975 334. 985 1,604 123 | 28, 157 708, 016 37 1 } 467 11, 136 29 14 } 871 25, 769 179 34 } 1, 826 44, 258 183 5 } 3, 512 86, 585 17 ) 179 4,723 12 2, 454 95 | 25, 200 596, 591 6,203 74, 187 1. 812. 063 9 394 9,139 77 3 | 3, 324 88, 349 649 g } 28, 087 731, 235 3 60 1,500 205 | 5, 511 141, 995 5 ; 959 37, 376 972, 218 9.53? : 164. 283 4. 192. 865 9, 415 | 108, 155 2, 531, 984 j 26, 787 650, 697 11 172 | 1, 823 29, 423 ) 878 , 15, 561 / 15. 056 137, 654 “ 3, 227, 83 24. 590 i 301, 937 r 7, 420, 702 372 91 1 } 16' l 1, 07( I 10, 81( ( 2, 871 5 34, 472 ) 261, 515 25, 30( } 314, 291 9 7, 719, 560 (2-3 plan) is 2 grades in junior high and 3 in senior. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 23 I. — Public high schools enrolling more than 5,000 pupils in 1938 Name of school City and State 3 4 James Monroe High School... New Utrecht High School _ Evander Childs High School.. Newtown High School _ De Witt Clinton High School. New York, N. Y. Brooklyn, N. Y. New York, N. Y. Flushing (N. Y. City), N. Y. New York, N. Y. Lane Technical High School _ Metropolitan Evening High School _ Julia Richman High School _ John H. Francis Polytechnic Evening High School. Walton High School _ Chicago, Ill. Los Angeles, Calif. New York, N. Y. Los Angeles, Calif. New York, N. Y. Straubenmueller Textile High School _ James Madison High School _ Abraham Lincoln High School _ Thomas Jefferson High School _ Washington Irving E vening High School Do. Brooklyn, N. Y. Do. Do. New York, N. Y. Samuel J. Tilden High School _ Arsenal Technical High School _ Theodore Roosevelt Evening High School Evening High School of Commerce _ Hollywood Evening High School _ Brooklyn, N. Y. Indianapolis, Ind. New York, N. Y. San Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif. Erasmus Hall High School _ Frank Higgins Trade Evening High School Theodore Roosevelt High School _ John Adams High School _ Girls Commercial High School _ Brooklyn, N. Y. Los Angeles, Calif. New York, N. Y. Jamaica (Ozone Park), N. Y. Brooklyn, N. Y. Brooklyn Technical High School.. Lindblom Technical High School.. Frank Higgins Trade High School. Austin High School _ Haaren High School _ Do. Chicago, Ill. Los Angeles, Calif. Chicago, Ill. New York, N. Y. Jamaica High School _ Carl Schurz High School _ Washington Irving High School J. Sterling Morton High School. Seward Park High School _ Jamaica (N.Y. City),N.Y. Chicago, HI. New York, N. Y. Cicero, Ill. New York, N. Y. West Philadelphia High School . George Washington High School Morris High School _ Harlem Evening High School _ Crane Technical High School - Philadelphia, Pa. New York, N. Y. Do. Do. Chicago, Ill. Bay Ridge High School _ Manual Training High School Olney High School _ Boys High School _ Evening High School _ Brooklyn, N. Y. Do. Philadelphia, Pa. Brooklyn, N. Y. Glendale, Calif. Union High School _ _ Stuyvesant High School _ Girls High School _ Central High School _ Grover Cleveland High School. Phoenix, Ariz. New York, N. Y. Brooklyn, N. Y. Tulsa, Okla. Brooklyn, N. Y. Table 24. — Students in certain studies in public high schools, 1890-1934 24 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 1 Per¬ cent of total 2 90.54 16.04 10. 87 2. 37 6. 23 .23 30.41 17. 06 2. 30 1. 33 .06 6. 27 7. 56 1.59 .61 .91 14. 60 . 10 1.82 6. 51 17. 75 17. 34 .49 6. 76 6. 19 11. 92 5.97 10. 36 Students 2 4, 496, 514 4, 071,094 ilsSISISS lllllsslll 1SS11 ISIS igiliss¥l Iggsg g||| ! w 1 Per¬ cent of total 93.09 i-i 'sdi>o4 ' co ' oi ' © ^4 co cc5 co 1 CD 1 I ** 2, 696, 633 illlSSiei llllgsilfl sills sill ilW'W ssgss sfigs ; 1 Per¬ cent of total 2 78.59 1 27. 52 15. 46 .65 11. 26 .02 40.15 22. 68 10. 53 1. 53 .07 8.93 7.40 4. 28 1.53 3. 82 8. 78 .16 5. 08 6. 06 18. 27 15. 29 2. 87 17.23 15. 35 19. 32 i 3 g * ? 1,693,928 iSSSSSSSS IsisSisliS SIIII i If!’ S-sga-sarg §i§Sg § 416,329 kO S3 Per¬ cent of total 2 ! 58. 42 55. 82 37. 32 8.80 24. 39 2. 39 £8 1.48 .28 14. 23 7. 38 14. 58 3. 21 9. 14 6. 90 .48 9. 48 50.54 15.72 1 2 s 680,871 650,613 434,925 102, 516 284, 294 31, 743 §S 11 17,220 3,224 165. 854 86, 031 169,911 37, 456 106, 520 80, 403 5, 558 110, 541 1 1 1 8 o a Per¬ cent of total 57.10 57.09 49. 05 9. 90 23. 69 .67 S§£o 88 1.87 .53 14. 61 6. 89 19. 34 8. 02 16. 83 S3 55. 03 15. 55 Students 2 1 422, 051 421, 980 362, 548 73, 161 175, 083 4, 920 §S 13, 812 3, 915 107, 988 50, 923 142, 948 59, 253 124, 380 ll ooco 406,784 114, 965 § Per¬ cent of total - 48. 54 49. 34 50. 21 9. 14 20. 25 t-H CO £58 1.71 1. 22 15. 66 6. 76 21. 52 zs 40.88 £ Students 00 1 e 329, 895 335, 348 341, 248 62, 120 137, 661 II IS 11,651 8, 307 106, 430 45, 980 146,275 si -S’ 277, 864 122, 186 § Per¬ cent of total : 38. 48 42. 10 50. 61 7. 78 14. 33 1.91 2. 78 19. 04 7. 72 23. 37 S3 38. 16 § CM Stu¬ dents - 3 199, 803 218, 613 262, 767 40, 395 74, 408 292, 287 142, 235 9,915 14, 435 98, 846 40, 084 121, 335 23 198, 125 112,465 i Per¬ cent of total j ~ 32.05 43.97 6.52 11.40 £3 2.53 4. 79 22. 77 9. 15 23. 89 88 34. 33 Stu¬ dents 350, 099 112,205 153, 950 22, 813 39, 901 1= §88 8, 868 16, 770 79, 720 32, 020 83, 642 3S 120, 201 i i ; ; i Per¬ cent of total i 34.69 5.84 10.51 i iwS i j i CO £ Stu¬ dents - €96 ‘£02 70, 411 11,858 21, 338 SI sW i 21 i : isfsf : J55, 427 Subject - Total number of students in schools reporting aiuuit'5 - Rhetoric _ iLngnsn literature _ Latin _ _ French _ _ _ _ _ German _ _ _ Q £ Algebra _ _ Geometry _ _ Arithmetic Trigonometry _ Astronomy .. _ _ Physics _ _ _ Chemistry _ _ Physical geography. _ Zoolosv 1 Iff Geology _ _ _ Physiology . . General science . _ American history _ English history _ Ancient history _ Medieval and modern history _ World historv Civil government. . Community government STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 25 § f I I .s g I o 1 a I •i 26 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Private Secondary Schools From data available from various sources it is estimated that in 1937-38 there were 446,833 pupils enrolled in 3,327 schools, employing 27,964 teachers. The latest data available on the number of schools reporting, number of teachers, and enrollment, classified according to religious affiliation are for 1933 (table 25). Table 25. — Number of private high schools reporting, number of instructors, and enroll¬ ment , classified according to religious affiliation or control of schools, 1932-33 Religious denomination Number of schools reporting Instructors Enrollment Men Women Boys Girls * 2 3 4 5 6 Baptist _ 39 163 10C 2,110 1, 564 Brethren _ 4 11 12 105 123 Christian _ . _ 1 14 170 Christian Reformed _ 3 18 6 265 324 Christian Science . . . . 3 8 5 35 16 Church of New Jerusalem _ _ _ - . 1 9 29 Congregational - _ 20 68 v 76 845 959 Disciples of Christ _ - 3 11 11 131 196 Episcopal _ -- _ 90 459 432 4, 509 2,394 38 Evangelical Free Church . _ 1 1 2 34 Friends _ _ _ _ _ 22 132 134 1,280 1, 210 Jewish _ _ _ _ - -- 2 26 2 348 Lutheran _ _ _ . _ 35 120 43 1, 166 915 Mennonite 2 3 17 26 Methodist Episcopal _ _ 28 120 143 1, 491 1,666 Methodist Episcopal, South _ 6 16 25 186 131 Moravian _ . _ _ 2 5 16 17 71 Nazarene _ 3 8 9 67 86 Pillar of Fire _ _ - . . . - 1 2 4 19 15 Presbyterian _ _ 48 169 222 2, 494 2,040 Reformed Church _ 7 83 4 738 128 Roman Catholic _ 1, 715 3, 090 8, 165 84,840 112, 872 Seventh-day Adventist _ _ _ 72 172 116 1, 598 1, 748 Swedish Evangelical Mission Covenant _ 1 6 3 54 82 Unitarian _ _ __ 1 69 TTnivprsalist, _ _ _ 1 11 61 Other denominations _ 2 7 14 161 169 Nonsectarian _ _ 522 2, 757 2,502 29, 273 21, 91 Total (continental United States and out¬ lying parts) _ _ ^ - 2, 635 7, 462 12, 080 131, 852 148, 324 STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 27 Higher Education Comparable data for all higher education combined are available biennially since 1932 (table 26). Table 26. — Historical summary for higher education , 1932-38 (i continental United States ) Item j 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 1 2 3 4 5 1,460 1,418 1,695 1, 628 1, 773 1,690 I. Faculty, students, and degrees: Number reporting faculty, stu¬ dents, and degrees _ A. Faculty (reduced to full-time basis): 1. Men _ _ _ _ _ 2. Women _ _ _ 1, 460 71, 680 29, 109 71, 592 28, 343 78, 316 31, 909 87, 990 35, 687 Total _ 100, 789 99, 935 110, 225 123. 677 B. Resident college enrollment: 1. Regular session: (а) Men _ _ _ (б) Women . . . 667, 181 486, 936 615, 720 439, 640 709, 672 498, 555 803, 893 547, 012 Total. _ _ _ 1, 154, 117 1, 055, 360 1, 208, 227 1, 350, 905 2. Summer session: (a) Men _ _ _ 148, 017 266, 243 119, 486 184, 268 135, 752 234, 274 158, 794 271, 070 lb) Women. . . .. Total _ 414, 260 303, 754 370, 026 429, 864 3. Third week of fall term (men and women) _ _ . 4. Freshmen (first year of college work), men and women * . 5. Arts and sciences: (a) Undergraduate: (1) Men . _ _ _ 1 839, 741 336, 997 296, 495 235, 517 1 765, 661 307, 690 283, 189 227. 430 2 1, 077, 484 366, 734 328, 729 272, 973 2 1, 219, 867 367, 983 374, 147 315, 143 (2) Women _ Total _ 532, 012 510,619 601, 702 689, 290 (6) Graduate: (1) Men 25, 947 16. 711 23, 292 15, 404 24, 356 16, 992 29, 065 19, 852 (2) Women . _ Total _ 42, 658 38, 696 41, 348 48, 917 6. Professional schools: (a) Undergraduate: (1) Men _ _ 302, 375 193, 158 282. 995 170, 107 336, 763 190, 459 381, 203 199, 981 (2) W omen . Total _ 495, 533 453, 102 527, 222 581, 184 (b) Graduate: (1) Men 24, 961 10, 501 21, 885 10, 251 24, 211 14, 012 26. 789 15,095 (2) Women . . Total _ 35, 462 32, 106 38. 223 41. 884 C. Degrees: 1. Baccalaureate and first pro¬ fessional: (a) Men _ 83. 271 54, 792 82, 341 53. 815 86, 067 57, 058 97, 678 67, 265 lb) Women _ Total . . . 138, 063 136, 156 143, 125 164, 943 i Totals for schools reporting these items. > Estimated for schools not reporting these items. 28 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Table 26. — Historical summary for higher education, 1932-38 (continental United States ) — Continued Item 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 1 2 3 4 5 I. Faculty, students, and degrees — Con. C. Degrees— Continued. 2. Master’s, including advanced engineering: 11, 516 11, 503 13,400 (a) Men . .. . - . 12, 210 (6) Women . . . - 7, 157 6,777 6,799 8,228 Total . . — 19, 367 18, 293 18, 302 21, 628 3. Doctor’s: (a) Men _ 2, 247 2,456 2,370 2,502 ( b ) Women . . . 407 374 400 430 Total . . 2, 654 2, 830 2,770 2, 932 4. Honorary (men and women) . _ - 1, 167 1.280 1, 347 1,500 II. Receipts: Number reporting receipts . 1,380 1, 357 1,541 1.586 A. Receipts for educational and gen¬ eral purposes: $138, 257, 350 $178, 996, 228 1. Student fees _ _ $150, 649, 047 $158, 134, 025 2. Endowment income.. . 60, 902, 567 55, 533. 447 60, 090, 075 70. 654, 211 3. Federal Government - - ) 19, 826, 685 43, 233, 704 29, 344, 723 4. State and local governments — (a) State _ | 174, 663, 239 } 117, 551, 114 / 119, 585, 147 140, 959, 123 (b) County, city, district - J \ 21, 049, 547 22. 090, 702 5. Private gifts and grants - 29, 947, 529 27, 467, 860 37, 115, 240 36, 908, 257 6. Sales and services of organized 24, 942, 821 27, 946. 942 activities _ . - . . - 21, 008, 513 17, 758. 828 7. Other (miscellaneous) receipts. 14, 825, 938 12,330, 113 26, 954, 992 15, 207, 831 B. Receipts for other noneducational (3) 0 purposes _ 10, 997, 781 9, 653, 266 C. Receipts for increase of physical 41, 802, 871 0 58, 263, 888 plant - - - 56, 256, 818 Total, A through C _ 519, 251, 432 440, 181, 534 491, 105, 551 580. 371, 905 D. Auxiliary enterprises and activ¬ 106, 479, 162 130, 523, 094 ities _ .. ... - - 103, 268, 891 87, 983, 321 E . Receipts for increase of permanent 27, 477, 968 47, 038. 548 49, 583, 420 funds _ 47, 676, 822 III. Expenditures: 1, 327 1,540 1,586 Number reporting expenditures .. 1, 357 A. Educational and general expend¬ itures: 1. General administration and $56, 405, 850 expense ... _ . - $47, 231, 796 $43. 154, 673 $48, 069, 292 2. Resident instruction: (o) Colleges, schools, and departments _ .. - 232, 645, 009 203, 331, 619 225, 143, 586 253, 006, 388 (i>) Related activities . . 21,297, 061 14, 154, 858 20. 240, 598 24, 031. 15* 3. Organized reserch . . 21, 977, 741 17. 063. 860 22, 090, 800 25. 212, 977 4. Libraries _ _ -- . .. $11, 379, 044 $13, 387, 323 $15, 530, 878 $17, 588, 240 5. Physical plant operation and 56, 801, 592 62, 737, 655 maintenance _ - 56, 796, 812 51, 046, 180 Subtotal _ 391. 327, 463 342, 138, 513 387, 876, 746 438, 982, 264 6. Extension. . . 24, 066, 441 20, 020, 217 29, 426. 534 34, 189, 063 Total itemized expend¬ 473, 171, 327 itures _ 415, 393, 904 362, 158, 730 417, 303, 280 7. Unitemized expenditures. ... 5, 238. 649 7. 502, 347 2, 579, 553 2, 020, 311 Total educational and 475, 191, 638 general expenditures _ 420, 632, 553 369, 661, 077 419, 882, 833 B. Auxiliary enterprises and activ¬ 95, 331, 995 115,619,721 ities. . - . . 90. 897, 297 78, 730. 428 C. Other noneducational expend¬ 23, 573, 786 itures _ _ 24, 993, 022 20, 937, 898 26. 175, 774 D. Capital outlay: 39. 605, 904 58, 523. 210 1. Buildings and grounds . 83, 272, 416 22, 364, 868 2. Equipment . . . . 15, 017, 563 7. 138, 064 7, 763, 503 11, 942. 452 Total capital outlay . . 98, 289, 979 29, 502, 932 47, 369, 407 70, 465, 662 included under section A. STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 29 Table 26. — Historical summary for higher education, 1932-38 (continental United States ) — Continued Item 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 1 2 3 4 5 IV. Property: Number reporting property _ A. Number of bound volumes in li¬ braries-. - - B. Value of physical property: 1. Grounds . . . 2. Buildings _ _ _ 3. Equipment . . . . . 4. Unexpended plant funds _ _ Total physical property _ Dormitories (included in build¬ ings)- . . . — C. Permanent funds: 1. Endowment funds _ 2. Annuity funds. . . . . . 3. Loan funds _ Total funds . . Total, property and funds.. . 993 52. 919, 063 1,269 57, 917, 812 1.362 62, 858, 078 1,434 (4) $331, 293. 862 1, 527, 500, 856 348, 499. 859 (4) $302, 929, 591 1, 584. 766, 902 365, 180, 972 (4) $334, 085, 387 1. 636. 722, 004 388. 611,098 (4) $308, 420, 323 1, 781, 024, 833 423, 892, 820 42, 736, 595 2, 207, 294, 577 2, 252, 877, 465 2, 359, 418, 489 2, 556, 074, 571 (4) 221, 469, 952 277. 903, 895 315, 755, 362 1, 372, 348, 965 (5) 91, 058, 165 1. 472, 946, 354 43, 756, 819 23, 024, 392 1. 553, 610, 393 42, 028, 871 27, 465, 736 1, 652, 620, 181 43. 782, 400 25, 438, 555 (5) 1, 539, 727, 565 1, 623, 105, 000 1, 721, 841, 136 (5) 3, 792, 605, 030 3, 982, 523, 489 4, 277, 915, 707 4 Data not collected. 5 No comparable data. Summer school enrollments in institutions of higher education reached an all-time peak in 1937 with an increase of more than 16 percent in the 2 years from 1935 to 1937, after having dropped in 1933 to almost as low as they were in 1923. Although enrollments in extension and correspondence courses gained more than 17 percent during the biennium 1935-36 to 1937-38, they are still below the peak reached in 1927-28. Summer school enrollments in institutions of higher education from 1914 to 1937, and enrollments in extension and correspondence, excluding very short courses and lectures only, are given for 1917-18 to 1937-38 in table 27. The enrollments in extension and corre¬ spondence work previous to 1932 include an unknown number of noncollegiate students who cannot be segregated as in recent years. Table 27. — Number of students taking summer session and extension and correspondence work in institutions of higher education, 1915-38 Year Summer session Extension and corre¬ spondence Year Summer session Extension and corre¬ spondence 1 2 3 ■ 2 3 1914-15 . . . 83,234 89, 438 78, 059 132, 849 220, 311 278, 125 340, 461 1927-28 _ 382, 776 388, 006 414, 260 303, 754 370, 026 429, 864 360, 246 354, 133 1 265, 265 2 208, 507 3 251, 469 4 295, 351 1915-16 _ _ 1929-30 _ 1917-18 _ 50, 314 101, 662 155, 163 194, 147 324, 819 1931-32 _ _ _ 1919-20 _ _ 1933-34 _ _ 1921-22— . 1935-36 ... 1923-24 _ 1937-38 1925-26 1 174,921 noncollegiate students omitted. 2 45,484 noncollegiate students omitted. 3 46,452 noncollegiate students omitted. 4 75,822 noncollegiate students omitted. 30 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 The number of junior colleges reporting to the U. S. Office of Education increased more than 9 percent during the biennium 1936-38, while the enrollments increased almost 19 percent, showing that the size of individual junior colleges is increasing. The Office does not request reports from junior colleges offering less than 2 years’ work or from nonaccredited institutions having fewer than 50 college students. The total number of institutions offering junior college work, including those offering 1 year’s work only, is 556 as given in the Junior College Journal for January 1939. This is greater than the number shown in table 28, but even this smaller number shows an increase of almost 1,000 percent in the number reporting from 1917-18 to 1937-38. Table 28. — Number of junior colleges and their enrollment, 1918-38 Year All schools reporting Publicly controlled Privately controlled Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1917-18. . . . . 46 4, 504 14 1,367 32 3,137 1919-20.. . . . . 52 8, 102 10 2,940 42 5, 162 1921-22 _ _ 80 12, 124 17 4, 771 63 7, 353 1923-24 _ _ _ 132 20, 559 39 9,240 93 11,319 1925-26 _ _ _ _ _ 153 27, 095 47 13, 859 106 13, 236 1927-28 _ 248 44, 855 114 28, 437 134 16, 418 1929-30... . . . . 277 55, 616 129 36, 501 148 19, 115 1931-32 _ _ _ 342 85, 063 159 58, 887 183 26, 176 1933-34. . . . . 322 78, 480 152 55, 869 170 22, 611 1935-36 _ _ _ 415 102, 453 187 70, 557 228 31, 896 1937-38 _ _ _ _ 453 121,510 209 82,041 244 39. 469 Source of Income Income for public and private education (not including income from auxiliary enterprises and activities and for increase of permanent funds) increased 15.6 percent or slightly more than $451,000,000, during the 1936-38 biennium and is accounted for as follows: Income from — Amount Public funds _ $361, 000, 000 Student fees _ 21, 000, 000 Other local sources _ 69, 000, 000 With rather constant increases from 1934 to 1938, the income for education for 1938 (including income from auxiliary enterprises and activities and for permanent funds since it cannot be excluded in 1930) exceeded the 1930 level by $59,656,606. Table 29. — Source of income , 1937-38 32 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Roughly, 97 percent of the income for public education (table 29) came from the public treasury: 2 percent, Federal; 30 percent, State; and 65 percent, county, city, or district; the same as for 1935-36. For private education, although not all income can be included since some private schools refuse to report financial data and others are not included in our survey, less than 3 percent came from public funds: 0.59 percent, Federal; 2.27 percent, State; and 0.04 percent, county, city, or district. Of the entire income for public education, 97.07 percent was derived from public funds in 1937-38, 96.75 percent in 1935-36, and 96.62 percent in 1933-34, continuing the trend towards a greater proportion of support from public sources. Within the public-school system, the trend of receipts from taxation and appropriation towards a greater proportion from the State also continued, increasing from 29.4 percent in 1935-36 to 29.8 percent in 1937-38 (table 30). Table 30. — Percentage analysis oj receipts from taxation and appropriation for the public-school system , 1930-38 Year Source in percent State County Local 1 2 3 4 1930.. . . . . . 16.7 10.6 72.7 1932 . . . . . . . . 19.5 8.8 71.7 1934 . . . . . . . . 23.4 9.4 67.2 1936 . . . . . 29.4 7. 1 63.5 1938 . . . 29.8 6.5 63.7 Expenditures for Public and Private Education The 13.7 percent increase in expenditures during the 1936-38 biennium over the former biennium corresponds closely with the 15.6 percent increase in income during the same period. It should be remembered that the expenditures shown in table 31 are not complete, in that private vocational and trade schools, private schools of art, music, dancing, and dramatics, private Bible schools, and independent training schools for nurses (all non-degree-granting institutions) do not report expenditures. Although expenditures for private education increased 16.0 percent during the 1936-38 biennium, as compared with a 13.3 percent increase in expenditures for public education, the private school expenditures were still $41,000,000 below the level of 1931-32. The elementary schools spent approximately $1,485,000,000; the high schools, $964,000,000; and the institutions of higher education, STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 33 $546,000,000; not including public and private residential schools for exceptional children and Federal Government schools for Indians. The $3,000,000,000 spent on education not only pays for the full¬ time education of approximately one-fourth of the total population, but provides direct employment for approximately 1,560,000 different individuals in the administration of the schools, the instruction of the students, the care and repair of buildings, and in the auxiliary services such as transportation, health service, etc. In addition, it purchases the buildings, supplies, and equipment which have provided employment to many people in many occupations. In 1937-38 the cost of educating the 26,826,211 persons in public institutions was equal to 8.43 cents a day for each adult 21 years of age and over in the United States. The education of the 3,403,076 persons in private schools for which expenditures have been estimated would add 1.61 cents a day for each adult. Therefore, 10.04 cents a day for each person of voting age in the United States would pay the entire bill for education in 1937-38. This would amount to an annual cost per adult of $30.76 for public education and of $5.89 for private education, a total of $36.65, compared with $34.84 for 1935- 36, $30.51 for 1933-34, $40.05 for 1931-32, and $44.34 for 1929-30. The most complete figures available on expenditures for the public elementary and secondary schools and for publicly controlled institu¬ tions of higher education since 1900 are given in table 32. Table 31. — Expenditures for schools reporting , 1937-38 ( includes capital outlay) Schools Public Private Total 1 2 3 4 Elementary schools (including kindergartens) _ High schools and academies _ Universities, colleges, and professional schools (includ¬ ing preparatory departments)2 _ _ ... Teachers' colleges and normal schools 3 _ Schools for delinquents 4 _ . Schools for the deaf 4 _ . .. _ $1, 333, 376, 527 899, 733, 527 234, 384, 917 45, 447, 844 2, 103, 052 870, 190 1, 020, 706 3, 683, 919 8, 923, 814 i $151, 288, 688 i 64, 564, 177 263, 552, 944 2, 271, 595 3 224, 326 1, 992, 321 3 352, 218 3 283, 318 $1, 484, 665, 215 964, 297, 704 497, 937, 861 47, 719, 439 2, 327, 378 2. 862, 511 1, 372, 924 3. 967. 237 8, 923, 814 Schools for the blind 4 _ _ Schools for the mentally deficient 4 _ _ Government schools for Indians 6 . _ Total expenditures (continental United States) _ Federal Government schools for natives of Alaska . . Territorial public schools in Alaska . .. _ _ _ l 2, 529, 544, 496 484, 529, 587 3, 014, 074, 083 616,220 780, 177 616, 220 780. 177 1 Estimated. 2 Does not include $39,327,572 public, $67,288,292 private, and $106,615,864 total expenditures for auxiliary enterprises and activities, and $3,229,527 public, $19,917,107 private, and $23,146,634 total for other non- educational expenditures. 3 Does not include $8,605,295 public, $398,562 private, and $9,003,857 total expenditures for auxiliary enter¬ prises and activities, and $313,551 public. $113,601 private, and $427,152 total for other noneducational expenditures. 4 1936 data for State and private residential schools; city public schools not included. 3 Includes expenditures for instructional purposes and capital outlay for schools reporting these items. Not including amount spent for tuition in public schools — $650,712. 34 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 32. — Total expenditures for public education ( including capital outlay and auxiliary agencies and activities ), 1900-1938 Year Elementary and secondary Higher edu¬ cation Year Elementary and secondary Higher edu¬ cation 1 2 3 ■ 2 3 1900 $214, 964, 618 238, 262, 299 273, 216, 227 307, 765, 659 371, 344, 410 426, 250, 434 482, 886, 793 555. 677, 146 640, 717, 053 763, 678, 089 i $11, 333, 453 i 14, 461, 511 1 17, 219, 005 i 20, 633, 769 i 28, 019, 122 J 32, 646, 569 i 39, 523, 478 1 54, 588, 514 J 61, 510, 989 2 84, 204, 168 1920 $1, 036, 151, 209 1, 580, 671, 296 1, 820, 743, 936 2, 026, 308, 190 2, 184, 336, 638 2, 316, 790, 384 2, 174, 650, 555 1, 720, 105, 229 1, 968, 898, 198 2, 233, 110, 054 2 $115, 596, 906 3 164, 309, 430 2 192, 461, 107 2 228, 943, 137 2 264, 046, 579 288, 908, 502 282, 334, 585 220, 028, 024 285. 143, 835 331, 308, 706 1902 1922 _ 1904 1924 _ _ _ 1906 1926 _ 1908 1928 _ 1910 1930 _ 1912 . 1932 _ 1914 1934 _ 1916 1936 1918 1938 _ 1 Does not include public institutions not classified as land-grant colleges or normal schools. Receipts used for expenditures. 2 Receipts used for expenditures for uni versifies and colleges. 2 Receipts used for all institutions. Federal Expenditures for Education It is practically impossible to present a complete picture of Federal expenditures for education, even omitting emergency funds, because it is so difficult to decide what may and what may not be considered “education, ” and to separate money for education from amounts which also cover other fields. Table 33 shows the most definite and available figures, whether direct expenditures by the Federal Govern¬ ment or appropriations to States, etc., for expenditures for educational purposes. Table 33. — Amount of Federal funds authorized or expended for educational purposes , 1937-38 Nonemergency funds: U. S. Office of Education, Federal Security Agency: For Administration, research, and service by the Federal Amount office in Washington, D. C.1 _ $888, 960 Apportionment to the States and Territories for vocational education and rehabilitation (total) _ 52, 122, 101 1. To land-grant colleges (subtotal) _ 28, 363, 123 (a) For instruction in agriculture, mechanic arts, etc.2 _ 4, 530, 000 (b) For agricultural extension service 3 - 17, 540, 623 (c) For agricultural experimental stations 4 - 6, 292, 500 • Includes administration of CCC educational program. 3 Administered by the U. S. Office of Education. 3 Administered by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. * Administered by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and includes cost of administration, research, and service of the staff in Washington, D. f\, and of the printing of official experiment station documents. STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 35 Table 33. — Amount of Federal funds authorized or expended for educational purposes , 1 937-38 — Continued Nonemergency funds — Continued. Apportionment to the States, etc. — Continued. 2. For vocational education at secondary level 2 5 _ 21, 775, 978 (а) For training of teachers _ 2, 168, 859 (б) For agricultural education _ 7, 126, 054 (c) For trade and industrial education 6 _ 7, 178, 240 (d) For home-economics education _ 4, 048, 825 ( e ) For distributive occupations _ 1, 254, 000 3. For vocational rehabilitation 2 - 1, 983, 000 U. S. Office of Indian Affairs _ 10, 048, 525 Federal oil and mineral royalties 7 _ 2, 637, 037 National forest funds 8 _ 1,214,547 United States Military Academy 9 _ 3, 121, 270 United States Naval Academy 9 _ 2, 023, 282 State marine schools 10 _ 220, 000 Public schools in Panama Canal Zone _ 455, 247 Howard University _ 700, 000 National Training School for Boys _ 247, 830 Columbia Institution for the Deaf _ 145, 000 Public schools of the District of Columbia _ 1, 591, 439 Emergency funds: College and high-school student aid (National Youth Admin¬ istration) _ 19,091,039 Education program (Works Progress Administration) _ 34, 529, 036 School building (Public Works Administration) _ 115, 063, 521 s The amount indicated is the maximum amount authorized for apportionment to the several States and Territories. In case a balance remains from a preceding year’s apportionment in any State, the apportion¬ ment to the State is reduced accordingly. 6 A certain part of this sum may be used for home-economics education. i This amount represents 37H percent of receipts from Mineral Leasing Act, which is paid to the various States receiving such funds, for roads or schools. 8 5 percent of the current national forest receipts, chiefly from timber and grazing rights, is paid to the States for public roads and schools of the counties in which the forests are situated. • Funds are provided annually by the Federal Government for the educational training of cadets in the U. S. Military Academy at West Point and the U. S. Naval Academy at Annapolis. Such provision is authorized each year by Congress as a part of the annual appropriation acts for the War and Navy Depart¬ ments. The pay of cadets at the Military Academy is included but the pay of midshipmen at the Naval Academy is not included, since it is considered as a part of the pay of the regular personnel of the Navy. <° To reimburse the States of California, Massachusetts, New YorK, and Pennsylvania for expenses incurred in maintetiance and support of their marine schools, $25,000 each; in addition, the use of $120,000 was authorized for the maintenance and repair of ships loaned to the schools by the U. S. Navy in 1938. Value of Property and Endowments Although partially estimated and not always reported on the same basis, the major educational systems and institutions in the United States reported an investment of $10,700,000,000 in land, buildings, and equipment, including unexpended plant funds, in 1937-38 (table 34). This was an increase in value of $581,000,000, or 36 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 5.7 percent, in the 1936-38 biennium. Endowments and other non¬ expendable funds were reported as $2,749,000,000, including State debts to public-school permanent funds and the value of unsold school land belonging to the permanent school fund. On this new basis, there was an increase of 7.3 percent, $186,560,000, from 1933-34 to 1935-36. The increase from 1933-34 to 1935-36 was 6.2 percent, or $148,625,000. Table 34. — Estimated value of property and endowments , 1937-38 Schools Land, build¬ ings, and equipment Endowments and other non¬ expendable funds Total > 2 3 4 Public elementary and secondary schools . $7,115, 377, 402 2 375, 000, 000 2 650, 000, 000 1, 096, 976, 089 1, 459, 098, 482 i $875, 765, 151 2 2, 780,128 2 148, 337, 439 214, 379, 404 1, 507, 461, 732 $7, 991, 142, 553 377, 780, 128 798, 337, 439 1, 311, 355, 493 2, 966, 560, 214 Private elementary schools _ _ _ Private secondary schools _ _ _ _ Institutions of higher education: Public. . . . . Private _ _ _ _ Total _ . 10, 69G, 451,973 2, 748, 723, 854 13, 445, 175, 827 1 Includes permanent school funds, State debts to permanent school funds, and value r ' unsold school lands. (Not comparable with figures used in previous years.) 2 1934 estimate. 2 1933 data. Table 35. — Public-school library statistics for 4 groups oj city school systems and schools under administration oj county superintendents , 1 934^-35 STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 37 88*. II- 8? S8S 8gs§&gg§ss gggs 22 5 £ 2 2 1S8 8 I gas £ s§§8 88? V rH-S S'® 00 I a i ¥i S" .-.o 1“ S38 s-lfeissg|ag |88S g||8 s a'3 a'ss “g g-sg »s - - -= eo rH O W>HC §§8 II8 I* lss issgsgigas s|gg gig *^V «« |co co'V ci of of 38 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 School Survival Rates Of each 1,000 pupils in the fifth grade in 1930-31, approximately 417 graduated from high school in 1938. This is 39 more than were surviving through graduation 2 years earlier and 147 more than 7 years earlier in the class that graduated in 1931. In the 7 years from 1931 to 1938 the survival rate through high school increased from 27 percent to 42 percent. These data are shown in table 36. Of 1,000 pupils in the first year of high school in 1934-35, approxi¬ mately 541 graduated in 1938. Of 1,000 in the first year of high school in 1927-28, only 465 graduated in 1931. These data are shown in table 37. Table 36. — Survival, by grades, per 1,000 pupils enrolled in the fifth grade in the years indicated Number surviving per 1,000 pupils in the fifth grade in— uraae or year 1923-24 1924-25 1925-26 1926-27 1927-28 1928-29 1929-30 1930-31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Elementary: Fifth i _ _ _ 1.000 1,000 1,000 911 1, 000 919 1, 000 1, 000 1,000 954 1,000 943 Sixth... _ 893 911 928 939 Seventh. _ 782 798 815 824 834 847 861 872 Eighth . _ 719 741 745 754 779 805 825 824 High school: I . . . . . 582 612 642 677 714 736 760 770 II. . . . . . . . 441 470 509 552 588 624 647 652 III . . . 347 384 421 453 485 498 512 429 IV. . . . 310 344 370 400 415 432 454 463 Graduates _ 270 302 316 333 355 378 403 417 Year of graduation . . 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 College: I . . . . . . 122 118 112 129 Graduates. _ _ _ _ 51 53 57 60 Year of graduation 1935 1936 1937 1938 1 Fourth grade in 11-grade system; fifth grade in 12-grade system. Table 37. — Survival by grades per 1,000 pupils enrolled in the first year of high school in the years indicated Number surviving per 1,000 pupils in first year of high school and year entering and graduating from high school High-school year 1927-28 1928-29 1929-30 1930-31 1931-32 1932-33 1933-34 1934-35 • 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I . . 1,000 1,000 1, 000 1, 000 1, 000 1,000 1, 000 1,000 II.. . . . . 758 768 793 815 823 848 852 847 Ill . . . 596 627 656 669 680 677 674 687 IV _ 533 562 577 591 582 586 597 601 Graduates _ 465 495 492 492 498 513 531 541 Year of graduation.. 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 39 In the class graduated from college in 1918, there were 23 remaining of each 1,000 pupils enrolled in the fifth grade in 1906-7. Twenty years later, 1938, 60 of each 1,000 enrolled in the fifth grade in 1926-27 survived (table 38). The survival rates from various grades through college graduation are shown in table 39. Table 38. — Survival , through college , per 1,000 pupils enrolled in the fifth grade in the years indicated Number surviving per 1,000 pupils in the fifth grade in— Education 1906-07 | 1920-21 1921-22 1922-23 1923-24 1924-25 1925-26 1926-27 1 2 3 “T“ 5 6 7 8 9 Fifth grade 1 _ _ High-school graduation _ _ College graduation _ ... _ _ Year of college graduation _ 1,000 139 23 1,000 241 56 1, 000 245 53 1,000 252 5?, 1,000 270 51 1,000 302 53 1,000 316 57 1,000 333 60 1918 I 1932 1933 | | 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1 Fourth grade in 11-grade system; fifth grade in 12-grade system. Table 39. — Survival through college per 1,000 enrolled in various grades Level Number per thousand surviving to gradu¬ ate from college in— 1935 1938 1 2 3 Fifth grade 51 60 First year of high school _ 88 89 First year of college . . . __ . . _ _ _ _ 418 467 The figures in table 39, expressed in percentages, mean that 6 per¬ cent of those who entered the fifth grade in 1926 were graduated from college in 1938, 9 percent of those who entered the first year of high school in 1930 were graduated from college in 1938, and 47 percent of those who entered college in 1934 were graduated in 1938. From the data given in table 36, it is possible to calculate the number who survive from any grade to any other grade by finding the percent¬ age the latter grade is of the former (dividing the latter grade by the former) . Estimated Education of the Population It is estimated that in 1938 there were in the United States about 2,775,500 living college graduates. There were also 13,575,000 living high-school graduates who had not also been graduated from college. Of these, approximately 4,075,500 were under 21 years of age, having been graduated from high school before they were 18 years of age in 40 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1938. This leaves 9,499,500 high-school gradu¬ ates 21 years of age and over. There were, therefore, in the adult popu¬ lation in 1938 about 34 college graduates and 115 high-school graduates per 1,000 adults, or 149 who had completed high school or college. Even with the death annually of many people who have had little education and the coming of age 21 of a group a little less than half of whom have been graduated from high school, the median educa¬ tion of adults for the country as a whole is still probably only comple¬ tion of the elementary school. o BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES STATISTICS OF STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 1937-38 BULLETIN 1940, NO. 2 • CHAPTER II Prepared by David T. Blose Associate Specialist in Educational Statistics AND Henry F. Alves Senior Specialist in State School Administration With the collaboration of other staff members as shown in the footnote FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY, Paul Y. McNutt, Administrator U. S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION, John W. Studebaker, Commissioner UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1941 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., Price 20 cents Contents PART I. GENERAL FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATIONS: TEXT Page Introduction _ 1 State and local boards of education _ 2 Personnel in State and local offices of education _ 4 State officers of education _ 4 Local offices of education _ 5 Enrollment _ 7 Ratio of enrollment to population _ 12 Elementary-school enrollment _ 14 High-school enrollment _ 15 School attendance _ 17 Attendance in relation to enrollment _ 17 Length of school term and days attended _ 20 Instructional personnel and related items _ 23 Number of teachers, supervisors, and principals _ 23 Pupil-teacher ratios _ 24 Average annual salaries of instructional staff members _ 26 Financial support _ 29 Revenue receipts _ 29 Nonrevenue receipts _ 35 Expenditures _ 36 Current expense _ 36 Interest _ 41 Capital outlay _ 45 Debt service _ 45 Cost per pupil _ 45 School property _ 48 Value of school property _ 48 Number of school buildings _ 49 School debt _ 49 Negro schools _ _ 52 School population and enrollment _ 52 Attendance and length of school term _ 54 Teachers and pupils _ 55 Some statistics for schools in urban and rural areas _ 55 Enrollment and attendance _ 58 Length of school term and days attended _ 58 Pupil- teacher ratio _ 59 Expenditures _ 59 School buildings _ 61 Value of school property _ 62 Size of administrative units by number of teachers _ 62 Size of small schools by number of teachers and number of pupils _ 63 Size of one-teacher schools in terms of membership and number of grades taught _ 64 Supervision load of principals and head teachers _ 66 School services provided at public expense _ 67 Appendix _ 69 m IV CONTENTS DERIVED TABLES Page I. Number of organized local administrative units by types, by States, 1937-38 _ 3 II. Personnel of State offices of education, 1937-38 _ 5 III. Enrollment by States and the District of Columbia and percentage of increase or decrease, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ _ 9 IV. Enrollment in elementary grades, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938_ 11 V. Enrollment by grade, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 13 VI. Average daily attendance by States, and percent increase or de¬ crease, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 - 21 VII. Percentage of term not utilized for years indicated _ 22 VIII. Percentage of increase or decrease in instructional staff and in aver¬ age daily attendance per teaching positions, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 26 IX. Salaries of instructional staff at various periods _ 29 X. Percentage of receipts from taxation and appropriation from State, county, and local sources, by States, for years indicated _ 31 XI. Comparison of receipts from loans and bond sales, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 34 XII. Comparison of State school expenditures, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 36 XIII. Comparison of current expenses, not including interest, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 38 XIV. Percentage comparison of current expense and annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance, excluding interest, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938 _ 39 XV. Amount of school debt, interest payments by States and by pupil in average daily attendance for years given _ 42 XVI. Comparison of urban and rural day schools, 1937-38 _ 57 PART II. DETAILED STATISTICS: NATIONAL SUMMARY TABLES 1. Statistical summary of public elementary and secondary schools combined, 1870-1938 _ 72 2. Distribution of pupils by grades in public schools for the years indicated _ 74 DETAIL TABLES BY STATES Enrollment and Population: 3. Pupils enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools at different dates _ 75 4. Percentage of the total population enrolled in public schools and ratio of enrollment to school population at different dates _ 76 5. Population, school census, and pupils enrolled in public schools classified by elementary and secondary (excluding duplicates within States), 1937-38 _ 78 6. Pupils enrolled, classified by elementary, junior, junior-senior, senior, and regular high schools (excluding duplicates within States), 1937-38 _ 80 7. Enrollment by administrative units in 30 States and the District of Columbia 1937-38 _ 82 8. Enrollment of pupils in public day schools by grades, 1937-38. _ 83 9. Enrollment by length of term in days in public day schools in 26 States, the District of Columbia, and 6 outlying parts, 1937-38. 85 CONTENTS) V Attendance: Page 10. Average daily attendance in public day schools, 1937-38 _ 86 11. Aggregate number of days attended in public day schools, 1937-38 _ 87 12. Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary day schools at different dates _ 88 13. Average length of school term and school attendance in public day schools, 1870-1938 _ 89 Staff: 14. Number of members and other personnel of State boards of edu¬ cation and local school boards and boards of trustees, 1937-38. 92 15. Personnel in offices of education in basic administrative units, 1937-38 _ 94 16. Personnel in offices of education in intermediate units and total of all units, 1937-38 _ 96 17. Instructional staff, the average salary of instructional staff, and the number of clerical assistants in public day schools, 1937-38. 98 18. Number and sex of teachers (excluding superintendents, super¬ visors, and principals when separately reported) in public day schools, 1937-38 _ 100 19. Health, attendance, and transp< rtation employees in public day schools, in 27 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 102 20. Custodial employees in public day schools in 18 States and the District of Columbia 1937-38 _ 103 21. Percentage of men teachers in public day schools at different dates _ 104 Night, Summer, Part-Time, and Continuation Schools: 22. Personnel and cost of instruction in public night, summer, and part-time and continuation schools, 1937-38 _ 105 School Buildings and Property and Land Values: 23. Number of public school buildings by use, 1937-38 _ 106 24. Value of public property used for school purposes, 1937-38 _ 108 25. Permanent school funds, State debts to permanent school funds, and school lands, 1937-38 _ 109 Sources of Income: 26. Percentage analysis of revenue receipts, 1937-38 _ 110 27. Receipts from permanent school funds and leases of school lands, 1937-38 _ 112 28. Income from appropriation and taxation, 1937-38 _ 113 29. Income from miscellaneous revenue sources, Federal Government, and educational foundations, and total revenue receipts, 1937- 38 _ 114 30. Nonrevenue receipts, total all receipts, and balances on hand, 1937-38 _ 116 31. Distribution of receipts by administrative units, 1937-38 _ 118 Expenditures: 32. Current expense payments for general control, instruction, opera¬ tion, and maintenance of school plant, 1937-38 _ 120 33. Current expense payments for auxiliary agencies and fixed charges, total current expense, and capital outlay, 1937-38 _ 122 34. Recapitulation of expenditures in public schools, 1937-38 _ 124 35. Receipts and expenditures for State educational control of public schools, 1937-38 _ 126 VI CONTENTS Expenditures — Continued. Pag® 36. Expenditures by administrative units in full-time day schools, 1937-38 _ 128 37. Percentage analysis of expenditures, 1937-38 _ 130 Resources and Liabilities: 38. Statement of resources and receipts and disbursements for the year ending June 30, 1938 _ 132 Costs: 39. Per capita cost of education, 1937-38 _ 134 BY TYPES OF SCHOOLS 40. Personnel and financial statistics of public schools by type for 18 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 135 I. Elementary day schools, including kindergartens _ 135 II. Separately organized junior high schools _ 135 III. Junior-senior high schools under one organization _ 135 IV. Separately organized senior high schools _ 136 V. Regular and vocational high schools _ 136 FOR WHITE AND NEGRO SCHOOLS 41. Statistics of white and Negro school population, enrollment, and teach¬ ers in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 137 42. School term, school attendance, and average annual salaries of white and Negro teachers in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 137 43. Enrollment, by grades of white and Negro pupils in 17 States and the District of Columbia maintaining separate schools, 1920-38 _ 138 44. Enrollment of Negro pupils, by grades, in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 139 45. Enrollment of Negro pupils in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 140 46. Average daily attendance and aggregate number of days in Negro schools in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 141 47. Number and sex of Negro teachers, excluding supervisors and princi¬ pals, when separately reported, in 17 States and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 _ 142 FOR URBAN AND RURAL SCHOOLS 48. Population, 1930, and enrollments in public day schools, urban and rural, 1937-38 _ 143 49. Enrollment of urban pupils by grade, 1937-38 _ 144 50. Enrollment of rural pupils by grade, 1937-38 _ 146 51. Attendance and length of school term in public day schools, urban and rural, 1937-38 _ _ 148 52. Number of teachers and teaching load, urban and rural, 1937-38 - 149 53. Number of school buildings and indebtedness, urban and rural, 1937- 38 _ 150 54. Value of school property, salaries, and current expenditures, urban and rural, 1937-38 _ 151 55. Expenditures for interest and capital outlay, per capita costs, and total expenditures, urban and rural, 1937-38 _ 153 CONTENTS VII Page 56. Number of administrative units by number of teaching positions, 1937-38 _ 155 A. All types of administrative units _ 155 B. Entire county units _ 155 C. County, except independent units _ 155 D. Independent urban units _ 156 E. Other independent units _ 156 F. Other units under county _ 156 57. Number of schools according to number of teachers, 1937-38 _ 157 A. All schools _ 157 B. Membership of 1-4 pupils _ 157 C. Membership of 5-9 pupils _ 157 D. Membership of 10-24 pupils _ 158 E. Membership of 25-49 pupils _ 158 F. Membership of 50-74 pupils _ 158 G. Membership of 75-99 pupils _ 159 H. Membership of 100-149 pupils _ 159 I. Membership of 150-199 pupils _ 159 J. Membership of 200-249 pupils _ 160 K. Membership of 250-299 pupils _ 160 L. Membership of 300-349 pupils _ 160 M. Membership of 350 or more pupils _ 161 58. Number of one-teacher schools by average daily membership and grades taught 1937-38 _ 161 A. In all schools reported _ 161 B. In schools teaching 1 grade only _ 162 C. In schools teaching 2 grades _ 162 D. In schools teaching 3 grades _ 162 E. In schools teaching 4 grades _ 162 F. In schools teaching 5 grades _ 162 G. In schools teaching 6 grades _ 162 H. In schools teaching 7 grades _ 163 I. In schools teaching 8 grades _ 163 J. In schools teaching 9 grades _ 163 K. In schools teaching 10 grades _ 163 L. In schools teaching 11 grades _ 163 M. In schools teaching 12 grades _ 163 59. Principals and head teachers, 1937-38 _ 164 A. In elementary schools _ 164 B. In secondary schools _ 164 C. In elementary and secondary schools _ 164 60. Number of administrative units providing indicated services at public expense, 1937-38 _ 165 A. Entire county unit _ 165 B. County, except independent units _ 165 C. Independent urban units _ 166 D. Other independent units _ 167 E. Other units under county board _ 167 FOR PRIVATE AND PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS 61. Teachers employed in private and parochial schools, 1937-38 _ 168 62. Pupils enrolled in private and parochial schools, 1937-38 _ 169 63. Number of schools, teachers, and pupils in Catholic elementary and high schools, 1937-38 _ .. _ - _ , _ - _ 171 VIII CONTENTS FIGURES Page 1. Biennial changes in enrollments in elementary and high-school grades, 1918-20 to 1936-38 _ 8 2. Percentage of total enrollment in high school, by State, last 4 years of system, 1937-38 _ 16 3. Percentage of enrollment in average daily attendance and absence, by State, 1937-38 _ 18 4. Average annual salary of instructional staff, by State, 1937-38 _ 28 5. Percentage of receipts from taxation and appropriation from State, county, and local sources, by State, 1937-38 _ 33 6. Annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance for current expense, capital outlay, and interest, 1937-38 _ 37 7. Interest paid per pupil in average daily attendance, by State, 1937-38- _ 44 8. Percentage increase or decrease in per capita costs for current expense, by State, from 1936 to 1938 _ 46 9. Per capital cost per pupil in average daily attendance for current expense, including interest, by State, 1937-38 _ 47 10. Percentage of all school buildings in each State that are one-room, 1937-38 _ 50 11. School debt outstanding per pupil in average daily attendance, by State, 1937-38 _ 51 12. Comparisons of urban and rural schools on 13 items, 1937-38 _ 60 Chapter II STATISTICS OF STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 1937-381 FOR THE most part statistics presented in this chapter relate to public elementary and secondary schools in the 48 States, the Dis¬ trict of Columbia, and the outlying parts of the United States. Such data as were submitted by States for nonpublic schools are incorpo¬ rated in separate tables for private and parochial schools. Data for Negro schools supplied by the States maintaining separate schools for white and Negro pupils served as the basis for discussions under “Negro schools. ” Statistics of colleges, universities, and professional schools are not included in the tabulations in this chapter. Whenever possible totals and averages for the Nation are included. Although statistics for the District of Columbia are included in the national totals, comparisons are not made between the States and the District of Columbia. The school system of the District of Columbia corresponds to the systems in large cities rather than to the State systems. The reader should, therefore, turn to the chapter dealing with city school systems for comparisons involving the District of Columbia. Considerable effort has been put forth by States during the past 4 years to improve their respective systems of recording and reporting school data. One phase of the cooperative program on school records and reports, sponsored by the United States Office of Education at the request of the National Council of Chief State School Officers, led to the general acceptance of uniform terminology. Cooperation of the State departments of education and the United States Office of Education through individual and group conferences during the first 2 years of this program resulted in the formulation of definitions of terms being used and in the preparation of recording and reporting forms needed by classroom teachers and by the supervisory and ad- 1 Prepared under the supervision of Emery M. Foster, Chief, Division of Statistics, and Walter S. Deffenbaugh, Chief, Division of American School Systems. Major statistical work done by Rose Marie Smith. 1 2 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-38 minis trative authorities in local and State educational organizations. The definitions thus formulated and incorporated in United States Office of Education Statistical Circular No. 10, Revised March 1938, are included for reference in the appendix to this chapter. State school statistics for 1938 were reported by State Departments of Education on the United States Office of Education form revised in accordance with accepted terminology cooperatively determined. States reported that year for the first time data relating to State and local boards of education and whenever possible, data relating to the public elementary and secondary schools by types of administrative units as classified and defined. Administrative and other professional personnel were reported by State and local offices of education. These local offices include those found in basic and intermediate units of school administration. It is recognized, of course, that States, in this first attempt, encountered difficulties in reporting some of these data as classified, as well as certain new items of information. Some found it impossible in 1938 to supply all data requested on a State¬ wide basis; others pointed out to this Office that reports submitted were incomplete and contained inaccuracies. When one realizes that the 48 States must rely on approximately 119,000 local units to keep records that will permit them to report uniformly data needed for local and State programs for effective planning one can readily vis¬ ualize at least some of the difficulties encountered by States in their efforts to obtain complete and accurate information. It is gratifying to see the results from the cooperative efforts during the past 4 years. A distribution by States showing, whenever possible, the number of organized basic units of local school administration by types is included (table I). An administrative unit as defined comprises all the area under a single system of school administration. Its schools are controlled by a board of education of which the executive official is the superintendent of schools. Such an administrative unit gen¬ erally constitutes a local taxing unit. Those units in certain States, serving as intermediate units, are not included in the distribution because data relating to them were not available. State and Local Boards of Education In 39 of the States there is a State board of education with juris¬ diction over public elementary and secondary schools, ranging from that of an advisory body to that of a policy-forming agency. The number of members of these boards ranges from 3 in Oregon to 12 in New York, with a total of 297 in the 39 States. In 9 States, namely, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, the chief State school officer, STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 3 in the absence of a State board of education, is the designated State agent with jurisdiction over public elementary and secondary schools, exercised in other States by State boards of education. Table I. — Number of organized local administrative units by types , by State , 1937—38 State or District of Columbia Entire county County, except independ¬ ent units Independ¬ ent urban units Other in¬ dependent units Basic de¬ pendent units Total, in¬ cluding undistrib¬ uted items 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States 118,892 67 45 112 38 342 380 i 3, 062 3, 062 88 2, 869 36 2, 993 12,026 2, 026 83 86 169 2 1 4 10 15 67 67 228 1, 213 1 11, 957 11, 957 179 979 1, 158 Iowa _ -- ._ 81 4,792 4, 873 Kansas 88 8, 564 8, 652 Kentucky 31 89 59 91 270 Louisiana ._ . _ . _ .... 61 3 3 67 Maine . ... . . i 510 510 Maryland 23 1 24 M assachusetts 39 316 355 Michigan _ _ 109 6,362 6, 471 Minnesota. . ... . 1 1 71 420 7,200 Mississippi . 4’, 954 Missouri 3 8, 764 Montana _ ... .... 2, 083 Nebraska _ _ _ _ . 16 34 6,996 7, 046 Nevada _ . _ _ ... 20 305 325 New Hampshire . . 35 206 241 New Jersey 6 177 374 557 New Mexico. 102 New York _ . ... _ . . 157 7, 402 7, 559 North Carolina 50 50 53 16 169 North Dakota. . 2 12 2,259 2,273 Ohio 109 71 1, 552 1,732 Oklahoma 4, 628 Oregon _ .. .. - . . 2 4 40 2, 026 61 2,133 Pennsylvania 2, 582 Rhode Island.. _ _ 3 39 South Carolina . . . 1,752 1, 752 South Dakota .. _ . . 4 1 16 3, 195 3, 216 Tennessee 95 164 Texas . . . .. .. 170 850 5, 715 6,735 Utah 22 13 5 40 Vermont. . 60 Virginia 100 24 124 Washington _ _ _ 1, 389 West Virginia _ 55 55 Wisconsin 103 7,387 7,490 Wyoming. _ _ _ 384 District of Columbia... 1 1 T 1 Includes all independent units. 2 State administrative unit. 3 Statistics, 1932. 4 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 The educational program of these schools in the 48 States is admin¬ istered by approximately 119,000 local administrative units serving by virtue of the authority delegated to them by the States. For each of these local basic administrative units there is a board composed generally of from 3 to 7 members vested with the responsibility for the administration and supervision of the schools and serving as the local policy-forming agency. For each of the intermediate units there is generally a board of education with varying degrees of author¬ ity relative to the administration and supervision of schools of depend¬ ent basic units. The primary purpose of these intermediate units is to create larger units for offering certain administrative and super¬ visory services otherwise unavailable to or not economically and efficiently provided by the dependent basic units composing them. The number of members of State boards of education and of boards in the aforementioned local basic and intermediate units of school administration as reported in 1938 approximated 400,000. So far as possible there were included as members of such boards only those persons holding positions by statutory provision. In other words, persons serving locally as representatives without legal status, of individual schools, or serving as members of advisory boards or com¬ mittees, without legal status, are not included. Personnel in State and Local Offices of Education State Officers of Education Data supplied in 1938 show that the personnel in the offices of the chief State school officers consisted of 1 ,482 professional staff members and 1,963 clerical assistants. Included in the 1,482 professional members are the 48 chief State school officers and assistant adminis¬ trative officers, including deputy and assistant superintendents, directors of divisions and chiefs of organized services, and the super¬ visory personnel. STATE S’OHOOL SYSTEMS' 5 Table II. — Personnel of State offices of education , 1937-38 State or outlying part Profes¬ sional Cleri¬ cal i Total State or outlying part Profes¬ sional Cleri¬ cal 1 Total * l 3 4 1 2 3 4 Continental North Carolina. ._ . . . 32 40 72 United States _ 1,482 1, 963 3,445 North Dakota. . ... 6 8 14 Ohio 36 hi 28 28 56 Oklahoma 16 t o 11 i ii 27 Arizona _ 11 11 22 Oregon _ 12 7 19 Arkansas... . _ 21 15 36 California... . _ 115 131 246 Pennsylvania . 52 79 131 10 14 24 Rhode Island 8 16 24 South Carolina.. . .. 37 16 53 53 61 114 South Dakota 10 8 18 Delaware. . _ 17 18 35 Tennessee 19 30 49 Florida _ 16 31 47 Georgia. _ _ 37 91 128 Texas _ 76 129 205 Idaho . . _ 10 8 18 Utah 11 6 17 Vermont _ . 13 7 20 Illinois 29 39 68 Virginia 26 28 54 Indiana.. . ... _ . 21 25 46 Washington 17 18 35 Iowa _ _ 16 18 34 Kansas _ _ _ 11 13 24 West Virginia 16 18 34 Kentucky 22 23 45 Wisconsin 27 29 56 Wyoming _ 12 10 22 Louisiana 29 32 61 Maine _ . _ 11 12 23 Outlying parts Maryland.. _ 17 15 32 of the United M assachusetts 53 160 213 States 207 267 474 Michigan 47 116 Alaska _ _ _ 2 2 4 Minnesota . _ 38 43 81 American Samoa 1 1 2 Mississippi _ _ 24 21 45 Canal Zone _ . _ _ . 1 3 4 Missouri . _ 30 28 58 Guam 1 4 5 Montana _ 10 5 15 Nebraska . _ 9 19 28 Hawaii 20 34 54 Philippine Islands _ _ 86 147 233 Nevada _ 11 6 17 Puerto Rico 93 68 161 New Hampshire . . 12 11 23 Virgin Islands 3 8 H New Jersey _ _ 30 43 73 New Mexico. _ 10 12 22 New York _ ... .. . 286 448 734 1 Includes operation and maintenance employees as follows: California, 9; Georgia, 2; Iowa, 1; Missouri, 1; New Hampshire, 2; New York, 91; Rhode Island, 6; Tennessee, 4; Texas, 3; and West Virginia, 1; or a total of 120. Local Offices of Education The personnel considered here is that in the offices of education in local basic and intermediate administrative units. Personnel data for the local basic units were called for under the following five major classifications: (1) Entire county (or parish); (2) County, except inde¬ pendent units; (3) Independent urban units; (4) Other independent units; (5) Dependent basic units. Since some States had difficulty, because of existing legal designations, in distinguishing independent urban from other independent (nonurban) units and since others re¬ ported incomplete information, data for independent and dependent basic units (items 3,4, and 5) are for purposes of discussion combined under “Other local basic units.” The distribution of personnel, except instructional, for local basic units (county offices of education and in offices of “Other local basic units”) shows that in 1938 there were 8,269 superintendents of schools, 1,072 professional assistants, and 2,964 clerical assistants (table 15). 6 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 The distribution of personnel for intermediate units shows for 1938 that counties, townships, and supervisory unions, in the role of inter¬ mediate units, employed 2,427 superintendents of schools and 409 professional assistants, or a total of 2,836 professional staff mem¬ bers. In the offices of these intermediate units there were 732 clerical assistants. Combining local basic and intermediate administrative units, there were, in 1938, 10,696 superintendents of schools, 1,481 professional assistants, and 3,696 clerical assistants in these offices of education. Responsible to the offices of education in these local basic and intermediate administrative units was an instructional staff of 918,715. Of this number, 4,965 were reported as supervisors of instruction, 36,484 as principals of elementary and secondary schools, and 877,266 as teachers and other instructional staff (table 17). Incomplete re¬ turns on instructional personnel data by types of administrative units make it impossible to include in these tabulations such a distribution. Further discussions relating to and involving the instructional per¬ sonnel will be found in the section entitled ‘ ‘Instructional personnel and related items.” A number of States obtained from their respective local reporting units information in 1938 regarding personnel involved in local pro¬ visions for health and recreational activities, school-attendance serv¬ ices, and transportation at public expense of pupils to and from school. Because of the incompleteness oi the information for items included, data are supplied by States reporting, but totals are omitted. No doubt the interest of States in obtaining these data is in general prompted by the need for pertinent facts on all phases of the State program of education. On the whole, States have in their ‘files relia¬ ble information on the administrative, supervisory, and instructional personnel. In 1938, 27 States and the District of Columbia reported the number of school physicians, nurses, and others devoting their time to medical inspection and health and recreational activities (not classroom instruction), the number of school attendance officers and workers (not visiting teachers), and the number of bus drivers and other transportation employees (table 19). It is hoped that more States will soon be able to report these data and that all States report¬ ing them will have more complete and accurate information. Effort was made in 1938 to obtain information on that personnel in local school systems devoting its time to the maintenance and operation of plant facilities. This personnel, listed as custodial employees (table 20), includes engineers, janitors, firemen, watchmen, painters, carpenters, and other workers, full time and part time, engaged in those activities necessary to keep the physical plant in daily use. Data revealing the number of these employees were reported by 18 States and the District of Columbia by types of STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 7 administrative units. In this table, as in table 19), distribution of employees is shown by States but totals for the group are omitted. A number of items of information relating to organization and to personnel involved in the administration and supervision of the public elementary and secondary schools were called for in 1938 by States and the United States Office of Education for the first time. Some items relating to the financial support of these schools, not previously reported are included this time. States are constantly improving their systems of recording and reporting public-school data. Con¬ certed effort of States during the past few years, if continued, will no doubt result in more complete and accurate statistics. Enrollment In 1938, the number of pupils enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools of continental United States was 25,975,108; in private and parochial elementary and secondary schools, 2,687,483; and in public, private, and parochial elementary and secondary schools, 28,662,591. Pupils enrolled in public and nonpublic resi¬ dential schools for exceptional children, in observation and practice schools, and in preparatory departments of colleges and universities are excluded. The number of pupils enrolled in the elementary and secondary public schools increased 2.9 percent from 1930 to 1934; 2.7 percent from 1930 to 1936; 1.2 percent from 1930 to 1938; but decreased 1.5 percent from 1936 to 1938. During the biennium, 1936-38, there was a decrease in public- school enrollment in 37 States, ranging from 0.2 percent in Vermont to 7.9 percent in Connecticut. The following 7 States reported a decrease for this 2-year period in excess of 5 percent: Colorado, Con¬ necticut, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Each of the following 11 States reported an increase in total enrollment: Idaho, 0.3 percent; New York, 0.9; Arkansas, 1.0; Wyoming, 1.0; Washington, 1.3; South Carolina, 2.3; Oregon, 2.9 Nevada, 3.2; California, 4.8; Arizona, 10.3; and New Mexico, 30.9 percent. 8 BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 193 7-38 1913-20 1920-22 1922-24 1924-26 1926-26 1926-30 1930-32 1932-34 1934-36 1936-33 C\j vo ciflt cy cy TN K\ *o o cm c\j (JN ^ ON ON ON ON ON 9. 150 o ftl 41 i 4 4 j i i j- 4- j I 3 n S i I VI2JWCyK>^>hr\t^ r-tCVIftJOJOJCVJrr\hr\f^fO| Figure 1. — Biennial changes in enrollments in elementary- and high-school grades, 1918-20 to 1936-38. (See footnote on page 9.) STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 9 Table III. — Enrollment by State and the District of Columbia and percentage of increase or decrease , 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 State or the District Of Columbia Enrollment Percentage of Increase or Decrease 1930 1934 1936 1938 From 1930 to — From 1936 to 1938 1934 1936 1938 i 2 3 4 i 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States _ 25, 678, 015 26, 434, 193 26,367, 098 25,975,108 +2.9 +2.7 +1.2 -1.5 Alabama _ - . - _. 622, 988 648, 981 i 677, 062 670, 481 +4.2 +8.7 +7.6 -1.0 Arizona 103, 806 92, 781 99, 796 110, 056 -10.6 -3.9 +6.0 +10.3 Arkansas 456, 185 456, 680 1 460, 869 465,272 +.1 +1.0 +2.0 +1.0 California _ . _ 1, 068, 683 1,116, 058 1,140,427 1,195,024 +4.4 +6.7 +11.8 +4.8 Colorado _ . _ - 240, 482 238, 808 239, 747 | 227,237 -.7 -.3 -7.2 -5. 2 Connecticut _ - ... ._ 319, 453 327, 225 320,888 295, 516 +2.4 +• 4 -7.5 -7.9 Delaware.- _ _ _ 42, 360 45, 948 46, 100 44, 992 +8.5 +8.8 1 +6.2 -2.4 Florida _ _ _- 346, 434 382, 510 385, 763 383, 935 +10.4 +11.4 +10.8 -.5 Georgia _ _ _ _ 713, 290 764, 865 748, 537 730, 894 +7.2 +4.9 +2.5 -2.4 Idaho _ . _ _ 120, 947 118, 346 121,045 121, 411 -2.2 +.1 + 4 +.3 Illinois--. . . - 1, 395, 907 1, 384, 651 1, 327, 269 1,281,854 -.8 -4.9 -8.2 -3.4 Indiana _ - - _ 667, 379 696, 513 691, 444 689,657 +4.4 +3.6 +3.3 -.3 Iowa _ _ _ - _ 554, 655 547, 574 538, 003 519,150 -1.3 -3.0 -6.4 -3.5 Kansas - _ _ - 431, 166 421, 510 414, 275 396,662 -2.2 -3.9 -8.0 -4.3 Kentucky _ . . _ 588, 354 609, 684 628, 101 618,318 +3.6 +6.8 +5.1 -1.6 Louisiana -_ . 434, 557 461, 607 465, 594 460,946 +6.2 +7.1 +6. i -1.0 Maine _ . ______ 154, 455 166, 747 166, 507 164,016 +8.0 +7.8 +6.2 -1.5 Maryland _ _ _ . 277, 459 293, 678 298, 157 293,686 +5.8 +7.5 +5.8 -1.5 Massachusetts. _ _ 759, 492 793, 847 773, 239 744,871 +4.5 +1.8 -1.9 -3.7 Michigan..- _ _ __ _ . 970, 582 976, 089 963, 527 959,827 +.6 -.7 -1. 1 -.4 Minnesota. _ .. . _ 551, 741 559, 922 549, 129 530,792 +1.5 -.5 -3.8 -3.3 Mississippi _ _ _ _ . 595, 449 608, 036 608, 036 590,208 +2.1 +2.1 -.9 -2.9 Missouri _ _ _ _ 656, 073 719, 588 711,256 705,612 J +9.7 +8.4 +7.6 -1.9 Montana. _ _ 120, 337 117, 566 113,762 110,403 ' -2.3 -5.5 -8.3 -6. 1 Nebraska 325, 216 316, 756 307,975 289, 916 [ -2.6 -5.3 -10.9 -5.9 Nevada _ _ _ 18, 041 19, 365 19, 720 20, 352 +7.3 +9.3 +12.8 +3.2 New Hampshire. _ _ 74, 240 77, 753 78, 441 76, 390 +4.7 +5.7 +2.9 -2. 6 New Jersey _ . _ 792, 012 827, 435 809, 078 746, 383 +4.5 +2.2 -5.8 -7.7 New Mexico __ 102, 084 92,449 99, 207 129, 877 -9.4 -2.8 +27.2 +30.9 New York _ 2, 141, 479 2, 296, 868 2,288,042 2, 308, 456 +7.3 +6.8 +7.8 + 9 North Carolina _ _ _ 866, 939 895,525 888,775 881, 874 +3.3 +2.5 +1.7 -.8 North Dakota _ ... 169, 277 160,699 155,035 146, 511 -5.1 -8.4 -13.4 -5.5 Ohio _ 1, 277, 636 1,300,037 1,289,337 1 1, 251, 005 +1.8 +.9 -2. 1 -3.0 Oklahoma _ _ _ _ 682, 650 623, 497 658, 049 638, 662 -8.3 -3.6 -6.4 -2.9 Oregon _ _ _ ___ 202, 595 201, 556 188,361 193, 861 -.5 -7.0 -4.3 +2.9 Pennsylvania _ 1, 937, 433 2, 031, 606 2, 006, 097 1, 944, 988 +4.9 +3.5 +.4 -3.0 Rhode Island.. 118, 704 124, 474 121, 555 119, 159 +4.9 +2.4 +.4 -2.0 South Carolina. . 469. 370 486,712 1 477, 915 488, 749 +3.7 +1.8 +4.1 +2.3 South Dakota. _ _ _ 165, 624 159,956 153, 163 142,514 j -3.4 -7.5 -14.0 -7.0 Tennessee. . _ _ 627, 747 655,307 653, 211 637,920 1 +4.4 +4.1 +1.6 -2.3 Texas _ _ _ _ _ 1, 308, 028 1,311,662 1, 364, 627 1,355,401 +.3 +4.3 +3.6 -.7 Utah _ 138, 046 142,797 140, 863 138,907 +3.4 +2.0 +.6 —1.4 Vermont . ______ 65, 976 66, 176 68, 060 67,931 1 +.3 +3.2 +.3 -.2 Virginia . . ______ 562, 956 585, 657 592, 038 583,556 +4.0 +5.2 +3.7 —1.4 Washington ________ 344,731 340, 742 335, 750 339, 977 -1.2 -2.6 —1.4 +1.3 West Virginia _ ___ 395, 505 434, 864 449, 732 443, 789 +10.0 +13.7 +12.2 -1.3 Wisconsin... __ ___ ... _ 564, 022 583, 133 577, 343 560, 468 +3.4 +2.4 -.6 -2.9 Wyoming. _ _ 54,505 55, 841 56, 384 56, 970 +2.5 +3.4 +4.5 +1.0 District of Columbia. _ 80, 965 94, 112 99, 807 100, 672 +16.2 +23.3 +24.3 +.9 Note to Figure 1 on Page 8: The logarithmic chart shows rate of change 1918-20 to 1936-38; the arithmetic chart shows the amount of actual change from the preceding biennium. 246227°— 41 - 2 10 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 From 1930 to 1938, there was an increase in the total enrollment in each of 29 States. This increase was less than 5 percent in each of 15 States, and more than 5 percent but less than 10 percent in each of 9 States. The 5 States with an increase in excess of 10 percent and their respective percentages of increase for this 8-year period are: California, 11.8; Florida, 10.8; Nevada, 12.8; New Mexico, 27.2; and West Virginia, 12.2. Of the 19 States showing decreases in public-school enrollment during this 8-year period beginning with 1930, 8 each report a decrease of less than 5 percent, and 8 each more than 5 percent but less than 10 percent. The three States reporting the largest percents of decrease in enrollment for this period are: Nebraska, 10.9 percent; North Dakota, 13.4; and South Dakota, 14. Since 1930, when the enrollment in elementary schools for con¬ tinental United States was 21,278,593, there has been reported for each successive biennium a noticeable decrease in the number of pupils enrolled in the public elementary schools. These biennial decreases totaled 1,530,419 for the 8-year period ending in 1938. On the basis of 1930, the enrollment in 1938 in the public elementary schools of 19,748,174 represents a decrease of 7.7 percent. When this decrease for the 8-year period is distributed by the 2-year intervals ending in 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938, the respective biennial decreases are: 143,173, 370,383, 372,476, and 644,387. Of the 11 States reporting increases in elementary-school enroll¬ ment for this 8-year period, 9 each report an increase of less than 5 percent. The remaining 2 States, Nevada and New Mexico, report increases of 5.5 percent and 22.1 percent, respectively. Of the 37 States for which decreases in elementary-school enrollment are shown, 11 each report a decrease of less than 5 percent; 7 each from 5 to 10 percent; and 12 each more than 10 percent, but less than 15 percent. The remaining 7 States, each with a decrease in excess of 15 percent, and the corresponding percents are: Connecticut, 17.5 percent; Montana, 17.9; Nebraska, 18.6; New Jersey, 19; North Dakota, 19.4; South Dakota, 22; and Wisconsin, 15.3. The percents just quoted, when converted into figures, represent a decrease for this group of 7 States in the number of pupils enrolled in the public elemen¬ tary schools of 365,038, or approximately one-fourth of the decrease during the 8-year period of more than one and one-half million. The decreases for these 7 States plus the combined decreases of approxi¬ mately 350,000 for Illinois and Pennsylvania constitute about one- half of the decrease for continental United States. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 11 Table IV. — Enrollment in elementary grades, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938 Enrollment Increase or Percent¬ age in¬ State or the District of Columbia 1929-30 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 decrease 1930 to 1938 crease or decrease 1930 to 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States. 21, 278, 593 21, 135, 420 20, 765, 037 20, 392, 561 19, 748, 174 -1,530,419 -7.7 Alabama. .. . ... 561, 934 570, 690 578, 998 595, 794 583, 203 +21, 269 +3.8 Arizona. . . .. 88,547 81, 942 75, 544 80, 937 89, 708 +1, 161 +1.3 Arkansas _ . 409, 905 392, 240 401, 576 399, 607 399, 764 -10, 141 -2.5 California.. . . 836, 701 853, 184 830, 180 830, 136 852, 481 +15, 780 +1.9 Colorado. . . 197, 265 199, 185 186, 752 184, 733 172, 775 -24, 490 -12.4 Connecticut. . 260, 103 252, 935 251,383 235, 117 214, 545 33, 339 -45, 558 -17.5 Delaware _ 35, 351 35, 796 315, 264 35, 604 324, 545 34, 630 -2, 012 —5. 7 Florida _ 301, 227 318, 850 311, 625 +10, 398 +3.5 Georgia... . 632, 589 649, 726 664, 468 642, 533 619, 315 -13, 274 —2. 1 Idaho _ ... 93, 775 90, 605 88, 154 88,418 88, 513 -5, 262 -5.6 Illinois . 1, 094, 788 1, 077, 755 1,043,458 975, 687 934, 472 -160, 316 -14.6 Indiana _ 523, 378 526, 558 520,604 510, 607 503, 397 -19,981 -3.8 Iowa _ _ _ 437, 426 430, 352 417, 729 402, 552 382, 586 -54, 840 -12.5 Kansas _ 339, 556 322, 918 318, 614 307,604 289, 343 -50, 213 -14.8 Kentucky _ ... 525,884 541, 174 518, 793 543, 841 526, 807 +923 +.2 Louisiana _ 376, 714 383, 528 389, 939 387, 099 374, 203 -2,511 -.7 Maine _ . . 124, 450 128,258 130, 008 129, 147 126, 255 +1, 805 +1.5 Maryland. _ _ 235, 163 235, 967 238, 361 239, 494 232, 423 -2, 740 -1.2 Massachusetts _ 594, 084 579, 555 572, 562 546, 979 516, 940 -77, 144 -13.0 Michigan _ . . 808, 787 796, 312 739, 636 717, 375 723, 757 -85, 030 -10.5 Minnesota _ 453, 128 443, 702 523, 913 425, 518 407, 439 390, 944 -62, 184 -13.7 Mississippi _ . 543, 161 543, 320 543, 320 522, 309 -20, 852 -3.8 Missouri _ 524, 023 538, 739 559, 496 563, 957 544, 971 +20, 948 +4.0 Montana. . _ 95, 550 90, 040 85, 086 80, 781 78, 423 -17, 127 -17.9 Nebraska _ 256, 230 250, 009 241, 385 228, 800 208, 635 -47. 595 -18.6 Nevada _ 14,279 15, 297 14, 670 58, 688 14, 748 15, 066 +787 +5.5 New Hampshire _ 60, 082 59, 476 58, 051 56, 072 -4, 010 -6.7 New Jersey _ 672, 083 666,563 638, 172 603,286 544.093 -127,990 -19.0 New Mexico _ 89, 497 94, 479 79, 367 84, 318 109, 307 +19, 810 +22.1 New York _ ... 1, 716, 645 1, 733, 106 1, 683. 731 1, 636. 720 1, 593, 852 -122,793 -7.2 North Carolina _ 750, 002 732, 474 746, 519 722, 911 700, 672 -49, 330 -6.6 North Dakota _ _ 139, 580 133, 519 128, 143 121, 607 112, 472 -27, 108 -19.4 Ohio _ . 1,011, 915 1, 004, 016 977, 754 950, 731 907, 023 -104,892 -10.4 Oklahoma _ _ 578, 491 559, 876 509, 250 530, 806 505, 383 -73, 108 -12.6 Oregon _ 154, 908 152, 678 146, 137 131, 433 133, 374 -21, 534 -13.9 Pennsylvania _ . 1, 639, 041 1, 610, 389 1, 580, 550 1, 520, 420 1, 448, 484 -190, 557 -11.6 Rhode Island _ 101, 318 97, 971 95, 361 93, 515 90, 895 -10, 423 -10.3 South Carolina _ 416, 483 417, 193 424, 719 408, 498 412, 587 -3,896 -.9 South Dakota. .. .. 134, 286 130, 927 124, 824 115, 114 104, 785 -29, 501 -22.0 Tennessee _ 558, 056 562, 387 566, 991 558, 316 540,274 -17,782 -3.2 Texas 1, 071, 890 105, 427 1, 052, 827 102, 594 1, 046, 270 1. 071, 230 1,032, 468 96. 850 —39, 422 -3.7 Utah _ 101, 196 98, 439 -8, 577 -8.1 Vermont... . 54, 376 53, 613 53, 544 55, 326 54, 773 +397 +• 7 Virginia _ 488,929 499, 446 492, 485 487, 007 469, 197 -19, 732 -4.0 Washington _ 259, 303 251, 261 240,544 234, 323 234,684 -24.619 -9.5 West Virginia. . .. 346, 691 359, 655 355, 958 372, 825 359, 864 +13,173 +3.8 Wisconsin _ ... 457, 685 420, 732 403, 230 408, 707 387, 526 -70, 159 -15.3 Wyoming _ 43, 341 43, 188 41, 802 41, 639 41, 448 -1,893 -4.4 District of Columbia 64, 566 71,406 73, 419 77, 154 76,292 +11, 726 +18.2 12 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Ratio of Enrollment to Ropulation. The estimated total population in 1938 was 130,215,000. Of this figure, 23.6 percent, or 30,789,000, is considered as school population, defined as the number of children 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive. The corresponding percentages that the school population was of the estimated total population in 1930, 1934, and 1936 are: 25.7, 25.6, and 24.6. In 1870, the school population was 31.3 percent of the total population, and in 1900, 28.3 percent. The percentage of the total population enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools for each of the years 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 was: 20.9, 20.9, 20.5, and 19.9. Including enrollments in private and parochial elementary and secondary schools, 22 percent of the total population was enrolled in 1938; 22.6 percent, in 1936; and 23 percent, in 1930. The percentage of the total population enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools in 1938 ranged from 14.9 in New Hampshire to 30.8 in New Mexico. In 20 States this ratio was below 20 percent; in 22 States it was 20 percent, but less than 25 percent; and in 6 States it was 25 percent or more. Of the 30,789,000 children, 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive, 84.4 percent, or 25,975,108, were enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools during 1938. This means that about 85 out of every 100 children of these ages, entitled to the privileges, actually presented themselves for admission to the public schools. The corresponding ratios for 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, and 1936 are approxi¬ mately 72, 73, 78, 81, and 83 out of 100. In 1938, the ratio of the number of children enrolled in the public schools to the number 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive, ranged from 0.71 in New Hampshire to 1.10 in Nevada. In 21 States, the ratio in 1938 exceeded that of conti¬ nental United States (84.4 percent) with the ratio in each of 3 States, namely, California, Nevada, and New Mexico, exceeding 100 percent. Table V. — Enrollment by grade , 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 state school systems 13 Percent Decrease from — 1936 to 1938 s locicoeocoei ’rn s CO 1.49 1934 to 1936 g 6. 02 2. 82 3. 35 2.89 .02 ;a n *4* 8 1930 to 1934 at 16. 82 10. 46 6. 11 4. 39 1.01 ** i 1 ! 1930 to 1938 2 16.09 20. 09 11. 29 10. 54 7. 56 1.68 .02 2 Increase from— 1936 to 1938 0.05 .47 3. 05 10. 40 8. 08 s ! ! 1934 to 1936 0. 83 | j! 1 COiOMiCoi u s 9 1 1930 to 1934 2 : j ! ; 2. 14 1.41 7. 75 7. 46 14. 02 29. 20 37. 48 43. 44 § s i - 1930 to 1938 ; ; ! i>l 21.67 40. 02 56. 83 64. 15 ? s M *4 Number Decrease from — 1936 to 1938 213,” l8l 71, 039 80, 355 96, 124 90, 563 66, 748 8, 814 17. 844 II 2 1 si — 391, 990 1934 to 1936 £5 186, 527 74, 139 87, 510 74, 269 450 ;g ; :»o s i 67,095 1930 to 1934 - 121, 668 434, 067 171, 186 119, 993 26, 219 j 513,556 1930 to 1938 ® 116, 409 833, 775 316, 364 287, 858 196, 612 40, 063 3, 527 | 2 3 Increase from — 1936 to 1938 at | a | 9, 307 49,419 129, 989 86. 037 : s ( ! 1934 to 1936 GO 4, 978 — ! ! $ j; ■h 19, 154 115, 046 79, 608 40, 229 59, 094 11,404 1 i 1 i 1930 to 1934 ! ! i i 50, 950 31, 802 157, 383 119, 442 228, 203 348, 069 329, 655 304, 486 59, 321 S S f i 4 1930 to 1938 352, 556 477, 096 499, 873 449, 617 48, 370 ! 1 I 8 4- e a 1 1 I - 607, 034 3, 317, 144 2, 486, 550 2, 444, 381 2, 402, 617 2, 342, 428 2, 252, 722 2, 173, 173 1, 722, 125 19, 748, 174 1, 979, 379 1, 669, 281 1, 379, 398 1, 150, 506 48, 370 25, 975, 108 1 - 606, 753 3, 530, 325 2, 557, 589 2, 524, 736 2, 498, 741 2, 432, 991 2, 319, 470 2, 181,987 1, 739, 969 1 1 s 1, 970, 072 1, 619, 862 1, 249, 409 1, 064. 469 70, 725 i 1 f i s* a 1 eo 601, 775 3,716,852 2,631,728 2, 612, 246 2, 573, 010 2, 433, 441 2, 288, 051 2, 187, 119 1, 720, 815 8 if 8“ fl§il§ s figr* i 2 2 fj i a 1930 - 723, 443 4, 150, 919 2, 802, 914 2,732,239 2, 599, 229 2, 382, 491 2, 256, 249 2, 029, 736 1,601,373 1 I *4 1, 626, 823 1,192, 185 879, 525 700. 889 .1 1 i i i i -‘1 sf Grade or year - Elementary Kindergarten _ First _ DCCOI1U _ _ Third _ ivourm _ Fifth _ 01X111 _ _ _ Seventh _ Eighth . Total Secondary First . . . oeconu - Third _ _ Fourth _ Postgraduate _ Grand total 14 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Elementary School Enrollment The number of pupils enrolled during the 8-year period ending in 1938 in kindergarten and grades 1 to 8, inclusive, of the public elemen¬ tary schools shows a sharp downward trend. From 1930 to 1938, there was a decrease of 1,530,419 in the number of pupils enrolled in the elementary schools. On the basis of the 1930 elementary enroll¬ ment of 21,278,593, this represents a decrease of 7.19 percent. The decrease from 1934 to 1938 in excess of 1,000,000 represents about two-thirds of the decrease reported for the 8-year period beginning in 1930. From 1936 to 1938, there was a decrease of 644,387 in contrast to a decrease of 372,476 from 1934 to 1936. An analysis of enrollment by grades for 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 shows marked decreases from 1930 to 1938 in the number of children enrolled in kindergarten and grades 1 to 4, inclusive. During this 8-year period, the decrease in enrollment in kindergarten was 16.09 percent; in first grade, 20.09; in second grade, 11.29; in third grade, 10.54; and in fourth grade, 7.56. The decreases in enrollment in kindergarten and the first four grades constituted more than 97 percent of the decrease in public elementary-school enrollment in continental United States during this 8-year period. On the basis of the 1936 enrollment figures, the decrease in the first grade was 6.43 percent, or 213,181; in the second grade, 2.78 percent, or 71,039; in the third grade, 3.18 percent, or 80,355; and in the fourth grade, 3.85 percent, or 96,124. From 1930 to 1938, the actual decrease in the number of pupils enrolled in the first grade was 833,775; in the second grade, 316,364; in the third grade, 287,858; and in the fourth grade, 196,612. During the 4-year period from 1930 to 1934, the combined decreases of 434,067 and 171,186 in the first and second grades, respectively, represent more than one-half of the decrease for the 8-year period ending in 1938. In contrast, the decrease from 1930 to 1934 of 119,993 in the third grade and 26,219 in the fourth grade represent, respectively, about 42 percent and 13 percent of the decreases in these grades from 1930 to 1938. During the 4-year period beginning in 1930, the number of children enrolled in the fifth grade increased 50,950; in the sixth [grade, 31,802; in the seventh grade, 157,383 ; and in the eighth grade, 119,442. Thus, the total increase for grades 5 to 8, inclusive, for this 4-year period was 359,577. From 1934 to 1936, the fifth grade showed a decrease of 450; the sixth grade, an increase of 31,419; the seventh grade, a decrease of 5,132; and the eighth grade, an increase of 19,154. However, from 1936 to 1938, there was a decrease of 90,563 in the fifth grade; of 66,748 in the sixth grade; of 8,814 in the seventh grade; and of 17,844 in the eighth grade. STATE- SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 15 Summarizing, we find that from 1930 to 1934, there was a decrease in enrollment in kindergarten of 16.82 percent in contrast to an increase of less than 1 percent from 1934 to 1938. From 1930 to 1938, there were marked decreases reported biannually in grades 1 to 4, inclusive. The number of pupils enrolled in grades 5 to 8, inclusive, increased by more than 350,000 from 1930 to 1934, but by slightly less than 56,000 from 1934 to 1936. From 1936 to 1938, the enroll¬ ment in these four grades decreased by 183,969, High -School Enrollment The number of pupils enrolled in 1938 in the public high schools of the Nation was 6,226,934, representing approximately one-fourth of the total elementary and secondary enrollment for that year. The 1938 high-school enrollment exceeded that of 1936 by 252,397 and that of 1930 by 1,827,512. From 1930 to 1934, there was an increase in enrollment of 1,269,734 in these 4 years and the postgraduate year of the high school. The increase for the 4-year period ending in 1934 was approximately double the increase for the 4-year period ending in 1938. In 1900 the proportion of the total elementary and high-school enrollment in high school was 3.3 percent; in 1920, 10.2 percent; and in 1938, 24 percent. In 1930 this ratio was 17.1 percent as compared with 21.4 percent in 1934 and 22.7 percent in 1936. The percentage of the public-school enrollment in high school ranged in 1938 from 11.5 in Mississippi to 31.2 in Oregon. In 26 States, this ratio exceeded 24 percent, the average for continental United States, and in 6 of these States, the ratio exceeded 30 percent. The distribution by sex of the enrollment in high schools is shown below for each of 5 years indicated in column 1. These figures also reflect the marked increases in the number of boys and of girls enrolled and in the total high-school enrollment for the periods indicated. The number of boys enrolled in high schools in 1910 was 43.6 percent of the total high-school enrollment in contrast to 48.7 percent in 1938. The corresponding percentages for girls for the 2 years were 56.4 and 51.3, respectively. Year Enrollment Percentage Boys Girls Total Boys Girls • 2 3 4 5 6 1910 _ 398, 525 516, 536 914, 061 43.6 56.4 1920 _ 992, 664 1,207, 725 2, 200, 389 45.1 54.9 1930 _ 2, 115, 228 2, 284,194 4, 399, 422 48.1 51.9 1934 _ 2, 802, 122 2, 867, 034 5, 669, 156 49.4 50.6 1938 _ 3, 032, 963 3, 193, 971 6, 226, 934 48.7 51.3 16 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 State I 0 Or eg. . . . 31.2 Wash. . . . 31.0 N. Y.... 31.0 WiS . 30.9 Mass. . . . 30.6 Utah. . . . 30.3 Mont .... 29.0 Calif... 26.7 Nebr. . . . 26.0 Ohio.... 27.5 Conn. . . . 27-4 Wyo. .... 27.2 N. J _ 27.1 Ill . 27.1 Idaho. . . 27.1 Kans .... 27.1 Ind . 27.0 N. H.... 26.6 8. Dak.. 26.5 Iowa. . . . 26.3 Nev . 26.0 Del . 25.9 Pa . 25.5 Mich.... 24-. 6 Minn. . . . 24.3 D. C.... 24.2 Colo. . . . 24.0 Texas. . . 23.6 R. I.... 23.7 N. Dak.. 23.2 Me . 23.0 Mo . 22.7 Okla. ... 20.9 Md . 20.9 N. C _ 20.5 Va . 19.6 Vt . 19.4 W. Ta... 16. 9 Fla . 18.6 La . 18.6 Ariz... . 18. 5 N. Mex.. 15.* S. C _ 15.6 Tenn. . . . 15.3 Ga . 15.3 Ky . 14.8 Ark . 14.1 Ala . 13.1 Miss. . . . 11.5 U. S - 24.0 Percentage of Total Enrollment In High School | in Elementary 8chool 20 4-0 60 SO I I " I 1 I " T HIRE 2. -Percentage of total enrollment in high school, by State, last 4 years of system, 1937-3 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 17 The distributions shown in table 6 classify the number of pupils enrolled by sex by elementary, junior, junior-senior, senior, and regular and vocational high schools. Figures which have been submitted as excluding duplicates are reported by individual States, but not by totals for the Nation. They may be said to reflect by States general trends in reorganization as it affects grouping of pupils in grades 7 to 12, inclusive. School Attendance Of the 25,975,108 pupils enrobed in the public elementary and secondary schools in 1938, 85.8 percent, or 22,298,200 were in average daily attendance. This was approximately the same as the average daily attendance for 1936. For the 4-year period ending in 1934, there was an increase in attendance of 5.6 percent as compared with a decrease of 0.7 .percent for the 4-year period beginning with 1934. Of the 10 States reporting decreases in average daily attendance from 1930 to 1938, 5 each report a decrease in excess of 5 percent. Two of these States just mentioned, namely, North Dakota and South Dakota, show decreases of 16.6 percent and 20.1 percent, respectively. Attendance in Relation to Enrollment The following figures show for 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938, respec¬ tively, the enrollment and the average daily attendance in the public elementary and secondary schools and the ratio that the average daily attendance is to the enrollment for each of these 4 years: Year Enrollment Average daily attendance Percent that aver¬ age daily attendance is of en¬ rollment 1930 _ 25, 678, 015 21, 264, 886 82.8 1934 - __ - _ _______ 26, 434, 193 22, 458, 190 85.0 1936 _ _ _ 26, 367, 098 25. 975, 108 22, 298, 767 84.6 1938 _ __ _ _ _ ... _ 22, 298, 200 85.8 Of the 25,975,108 enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools in 1938, 85.8 percent, or 22,298,200, were in average daily attendance. Although this ratio exceeds that for any one of the other three years, the enrobment in 1938 was less by approximately 450,000 than the enrollment in 1934, and exceeded that of 1930 by only about 300,000. From 1930 to 1938, there was, however, an actual increase of slightly more than 1,000,000 in the number of pupbs attending school. It should be noted that the peak figures in enrollment and in attendance were reported for 1934, and that the actual number in average daily attendance in 1938 is approximately the same as the number in 1936. 18 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 State Percent In attend¬ ance 0 Mich.... 92.6 Ohio. . .. 91.8 W. Va... 91.0 Me . 90.5 Wie _ 90.4 Conn. . . . 90.3 Ky . 90.2 Ind. . . . 90.0 Mass. . . . 89-9 Utah. . . . 89-9 Mont.. .. 89.3 Tt . 89.1 N. J.... 88.6 Or eg. . . . 88. 5 Ill.... 88.3 Colo. . . . 88.1 H. Y. . .. 88. 0 R. I.... 88.0 U. H _ 87.8 Pa . 87. 7 H. C _ 87.5 Md . 87. 5 1 daho . . . 87.4 Nebr.... 87.1 Del.... 87.1 Minn.... 87.0 Calif... 87.0 KanB. . . . 86.9 Mo . 86.5 Iowa. . . . 86.4 Nev. . . . 84.7 N. Dak., 84.6 Va . 84.5 La . 83.9 Wyo . S3. 5 D. 0.... 82.9 Wash. . . . 82.8 Fla. . . . 81.6 Term. . . . 81.1 Texas . . . 81.1 Ala.... 80.9 S. C _ 80.1 Ga . 79.0 Ariz.... 78.3 | N. Mex.. 77.8 I S. Dak.. 77.7 E Okla. . . . 77.2 1 Miss _ 77.0 j Ark.... 76.9 1 U. S.... s5.e | Figure 3.— Percentage of enrollment in average daily attendance and absence, by State, 1937-38. state school systems 19 For each of the 4 years being considered, the number enrolled not in attendance approximated 4,000,000. Why this relatively large number, representing about one out of every six pupils enrolled, was on an average absent from school each day of the school year is a question of major importance. The degree to which careful, accurate, and complete analyses can be made of these problems depends upon the development of adequate accounting procedures for use by local school authorities. There has been noticeable improvement in continental United States during the past three to four decades in the percentage of children, 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive, enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools, and in the percentage of those enrolled attending school each day. The following figures show the trend in increase of the average daily attendance: In 1900 approximately 68 out of each 100 enrolled; in 1920 approximately 75 out of each 100 enrolled; and in 1934, 1936, and 1938, approximately 85 out of each 100 enrolled were in average daily attendance. It is generally recognized that there is room for further improvement. Consequently, it must also be recognized that there is an obligation to consider with the greatest care the problems involved in the daily nonattendance of approxi¬ mately 15 out of each 100 pupils enrolled in the public schools. When this matter is considered in terms of the individual States and regions of the United States, variations in the respective relative amounts of nonattendance are striking. In 1938 the percentage of the pupils enrolled, who were in average daily attendance, ranged from 76.9 in Arkansas to 92.6 in Michigan. Another way of stating this is: In Arkansas, about 23 out of each 100 pupils enrolled, and in Michigan, only about 7 out of each 100 pupils enrolled, did not attend school each day during the school year. Seven States reported a ratio in excess of 90, and 7, a ratio between 75 and 80. Using the 1930 figure representing the total for the Nation as a base, the average daily attendance for 1934 represented an increase of 5.6 percent, and for 1936 and 1938, each, an increase of 4.9 percent. As previously indicated, from 1936 to 1938 there was a slight decrease (0.002 percent) in the average daily attendance. During this bien¬ nium, the percentage of enrollment in attendance decreased in 22 States with a range from 0.2 percent in Alabama and Maine to 13.4 percent in South Dakota. The increase in this ratio reported by 25 States ranged from 0.1 percent in Indiana to 8 percent in New Mexico. A distribution for 1938 of the average daily attendance by States is reported by the following classifications: Kindergartens and elemen¬ tary schools, junior, junior-senior, senior, and regular and vocational high schools (table 10). Since some States did not supply these dis¬ tributions, totals for the Nation are not recorded for the respective classifications. 20 /BIENNIAL SHJRYEY OE EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Length of School Term and Days Attended The distribution of the aggregate number of days attended in 1938 is shown by the aforementioned classifications for those States report¬ ing their data accordingly. Totals by classifications indicated in the respective columns are omitted (table 11). In 1938, the average number of days that the public elementary and secondary schools of continental United States were in session (excluding holidays) was 173.9; in 1930, 172.7; and in 1920, 161.9. This average length of school term ranged by States from 142.4 days in Mississippi to 186.9 days in Maryland. In other words, the average length of the school term in Maryland exceeded by approximately 2 months that in Mississippi. A distribution of the 48 States to show the average length of school term by intervals of 10 days each follows: Length of term 180 days or more 170-179 _ 160-169 _ 150-159 _ 140-149 _ Number of States _ 11 _ 26 _ 6 _ 4 _ 1 For 1938, 26 States reported a distribution of enrollment by length of term in days. These distributions, as reported, show by States the variations, if any, in the length of the school term and in the number of pupils enrolled in schools with the indicated length of term (table 9). The average number of days attended by each pupil enrolled in 1938 in continental United States was 149.3, while the average number of days schools were in session that year was 173.9. This average of 149.3 days attended per pupil enrolled was exceeded by 30 States. Below is a distribution of the 48 States to show the average number of days attended per pupil enrolled by intervals of 10 days each: Number of days attended per pupil enrolled Number of States 100-109 _ 1 110-119 _ 0 120-129 _ 4 130-139 _ 8 140-149 _ 7 150-159 _ 19 160-169 _ 9 STATE S'OHOOL SYSTEMS' 21 Table VI. — Average daily attendance by State , and percent increase or decrease , 1930 1934, 1936, and 1938 State, District of Columbia, or outlying part Average Daily Attendance Percent of Increase or Decrease 1930 1934 1936 1938 From 1930 to— From 1936 to 1938 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States _ 21, 264, 886 22, 458, 190 22, 298, 767 22, 298, 200 +5.6 +4.9 +4.9 -0. 002 Alabama-.- . .. - 473, 553 507, 843 543, 020 542, 137 +7. 2 +14.7 +14.5 -.2 Arizona. . _ 75, 969 76, 640 79, 922 86, 182 +.9 +5.2 +13.4 +7.8 Arkansas- ... - - 330, 825 347, 059 360, 427 357, 812 +4.9 +8.9 +8.2 -.7 California _ _ 908, 765 982, 590 1, 003, 324 1, 039, 391 +8. 1 +10.4 +14.3 +3.6 Colorado _ 190, 742 196, 399 187, 207 200, 243 +3.0 -1.9 +5.0 +7.0 Connecticut... - - - 274, 482 285, 480 276, 967 266, 870 +4.0 +.9 -2.8 -3.6 Delaware _ 36, 255 39, 728 39, 638 39, 176 +10.0 +9.3 +8.1 -1.2 Florida. _ _ _ 267, 042 299, 824 306, 555 313, 231 +12.3 +14.8 +17.3 +2.2 Georgia _ _ _ . 538, 271 589, 297 580,691 577, 481 +9.5 +7.9 +7.3 -.6 Idaho _ 98, 479 103, 893 102, 207 106, 106 +5.5 +3.8 +7.7 +3.8 Illinois _ 1, 203, 537 1, 174, 468 1, 155, 261 1, 132, 405 -2.4 -4.0 -5.9 -2.0 Indiana _ . . 596, 416 653, 330 620, 075 620, 691 +9.5 +4.1 +4.1 +.1 Iowa. _ _ 465, 051 474, 818 459, 227 448, 699 +2.1 -1.3 -3.5 -2.3 Kansas. _ _ . 364, 801 367, 618 357, 877 344, 739 +. 8 -1.9 -5.5 -3.7 Kentucky _ 432, 862 471, 920 490, 220 482, 124 +9.0 +13.3 +11.4 -1.7 Louisiana.— . _ _ 349, 594 381, 702 384, 333 386, 906 +9.2 +9.9 +10.7 +.7 Maine _ _ 138, 043 149, 808 148, 626 148, 398 +8. 5 +7. 7 +7.5 -.2 Maryland _ 235, 555 252, 226 254,301 256, 858 +7.1 +8.0 +9.0 +1.0 Massachusetts _ 675, 676 699, 163 686, 845 669, 911 +3. 5 +1. 7 -.8 -2.5 Michigan _ _ _ . 844, 967 890, 596 885, 744 889, 102 +5.4 +4.8 +5.2 +.4 Minnesota _ . 456, 836 479, 815 463, 786 461, 964 +5.0 +1.5 +1. 1 -.4 Mississippi _ _ ... 436, 162 452, 867 452, 867 >454, 615 +3.8 +3.8 +4.2 +. 4 Missouri _ .. 576, 417 611, 587 591, 016 610, 384 +6.1 +2.5 +5.9 +3.3 Montana _ _ 105, 327 105, 830 100, 855 98. 553 +.5 -4.3 -6.4 -2.3 Nebraska ... . . 259, 188 277, 392 265, 630 252. 468 +7.0 +2.5 -2.6 -5.0 Nevada.. . . 14, 977 16, 339 16, 638 17, 228 +9.1 +11.1 +15.0 +3.5 New Hampshire 65, 966 68,897 68, 576 67, 045 +4.4 +4.0 +1.6 -2.2 New Jersey . . _ _ _ 662, 961 700, 195 683, 657 660. 034 +5.6 +3.1 -.4 -3.5 New Mexico . . . . 76, 216 87, 895 93, 500 100. 986 +15.3 +22.7 +32.5 +8.0 New York. __ 1, 866, 243 2, 014, 280 1, 997, 117 2, 032, 495 +7.9 +7.0 +8.9 +1.8 North Carolina. ... _ 672, 895 756, 768 759,604 771, 982 +12.5 +12.9 +14.7 +1.6 North Dakota . _ ... 148, 614 135, 739 125,951 123, 997 -8.7 -15.3 -16.6 -1.6 Ohio _ 1, 141, 324 1, 190, 102 1, 169, 879 1, 147, 826 +4.3 +2.5 +. 6 -1.9 Oklahoma. . ... . _ 470, 090 492, 022 497, 322 492. 907 +4.7 +5.8 +4.9 -.9 Oregon... .. ... - 155, 166 169, 260 163, 566 171, 873 +9.1 +5.4 +10.8 +5.1 Pennsylvania _ 1, 661, 128 1, 773, 170 1, 749, 645 1, 705, 192 +6.7 +5.3 +2.7 -2.5 Rhode Island. _ _ _ _ 102, 584 108, 264 104, 525 104, 811 +5.5 +1.9 +2.2 +. 3 South Carolina _ 348, 482 378, 830 368, 268 391, 332 +8.7 +5.7 +12.3 +6.3 South Dakota _ 138, 635 136, 348 127, 976 110, 799 -1.6 -7.7 -20. 1 -13.4 Tennessee. . _ _ 481, 962 511, 360 514, 432 517, 582 +6.1 +6.7 +7.4 +.6 Texas _ 1, 073, 847 1, 073, 882 1, 078, 977 1,099, 301 0 +.5 +2.4 +1.9 Utah . . . 120, 573 127, 149 125, 416 124, 859 +5.5 +4.0 +3.6 -.4 Vermont _ 57, 975 58, 533 59,601 60, 496 +1.0 +2.8 +4.3 +1.5 Virginia _ 452, 567 486, 845 488, 537 493, 266 +7.6 +7.9 +9.0 +1.0 Washington - 278, 520 283, 718 275, 929 281, 432 +1.8 -.9 +1.0 +2.0 West Virginia _ 350, 046 376, 708 394, 218 398, 437 +7. 6 +12.6 +13.7 +1.1 Wisconsin _ . _ 473, 258 516, 454 510, 718 506, 803 +9.1 +7.9 +7.1 -.8 Wyoming _ _ _ 47. 730 47, 147 46, 510 47. 593 -1.2 -2.6 -.3 +2.3 District of Columbia _ 68, 312 76, 392 81,584 83. 478 +11.8 +19.4 +22.2 +2.3 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska 1, 381, 219 1,425,811 4,729 1, 950 6, 336 5, 085 1,910 5, 952 4, 238 80, 217 1, 101, 586 224,086 2,737 American Samoa Canal Zone _ Guam _ Hawaii _ 76, 692 1,074, 610 214, 221 2, 681 Philippine Islands Puerto Rico Virgin Islands 1 1934 figure. 22 (BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Variations by States in the relationship of school attendance to the number of days schools were in session are expressed by the percent¬ age of the terms not utilized (table VII). It is significant that the average percentage of the term not utilized decreased in continental United States from 25.1 in 1920 to 17.1 in 1930 and to 14.3 in 1938. From 1936 to 1938, there was a decrease of 1.2 percent. The States in which less than 10 percent of the school term was not utilized in 1938 were: Connecticut, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. The States in which 20 to 25 percent of the school term was not utilized that year were: Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. Table VII. — Percentage of term not utilized for years indicated State, District of Columbia, or outlying part 1910 1920 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 • 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States _ 27.5 25.1 17.1 15.3 15.0 15.4 14.2 34.7 35.5 24.0 20.5 21. 7 19.8 19.1 37.9 39.3 26.8 17.3 17.4 19.9 21.7 34.9 32.5 27.5 24.0 24.0 21.8 23. 1 22.6 30.9 15.0 13.9 12.0 12.0 13.0 Colorado . _ _ . . 36.8 31.9 20.7 19.4 17.8 21.9 11.9 Connecticut _ - --- _ -- __ 22.8 21.5 14.1 12.4 12.8 13.7 9.7 Delaware _ _________ - _ _ . . 31.4 28.9 14.4 12.9 13.5 14.0 12.9 Florida _ 28.3 26.4 22.9 20.4 21. 6 20.5 18.4 Georgia.- . _ _ _ . . 34.7 32.4 24.5 22.9 23.0 22.4 21.0 Idaho - - - - 31.0 26.5 18.6 14.4 12.2 15.6 12.6 Illinois. _ _ _ _ - - _ - 21. 4 15.2 13.8 13.3 15.2 13.0 11.7 Indiana... _. _ . . _ _ ... 19.9 19.3 20.6 5.6 6.2 10.3 10.0 Iowa .... ... - _ ... ... - 28.3 21. 1 16.2 13.9 13.3 14.6 13.6 Kansas _ ._ .. .... _ _ 26.4 23.9 15.4 8.9 12.8 13.6 13.1 Kentucky... _ _ _ _ _ 40. 7 36.0 26.4 24.4 22.6 22.0 9.8 Louisiana.. _ _ _ _ ______ ... _ 30.9 27.6 19.6 17.3 17.3 17.5 16.1 Maine _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25.8 15.8 10.6 9.7 10.2 10.7 9.5 Maryland . .. . . _ 38.0 27.4 15. 1 13.5 14.1 14.7 12.5 Massachusetts . 17. 8 16.6 11.0 10.7 11.9 11.2 10.1 Michigan.. . _ _ _ _ . 16.4 24. 7 12.9 13.0 8.8 8.1 7.4 Minnesota __ . _ _ _ _ _ 29. 1 21. 6 17.2 14.9 14.3 15.5 13.0 Mississippi _ _ _ ... _ 38. 1 37.0 26.8 26.2 25.5 25.5 23.0 Missouri _ _ ... 29. 8 21.0 12. 1 11.9 15.0 16.9 13.5 Montana _ _ _ _ .. _ 16.0 27. 5 12.5 9.6 10.0 11.3 10.7 Nebraska _ _ . . _ _ _ 31.9 25.4 20.3 13. 1 12.4 13. 7 12.9 Nevada. . _ _ _ _ _ .. - 29. 2 24.7 17.0 17.4 15.6 15.6 15.3 New Hampshire . . _ .. . _ 26. 1 17. 1 11.1 10.2 11.4 12.6 12.2 New Jersey _ _ . 27. 1 19.9 16.3 15.8 15.4 15.5 11.4 New Mexico 38.8 27.0 25.3 23.6 4.9 5.8 22.2 New York ... . . . . . 20.4 20.9 12.9 12.6 12.3 12.7 12.0 North Carolina . _ _ _ 35. 5 31.5 22.4 15.9 15.5 14.5 12.5 North Dakota 34. 7 23.7 12.2 12.7 15.5 18.8 15.4 Ohio _ _ _ .. ... 17. 2 20.8 10.7 9.3 8.5 9.3 8.2 Oklahoma .. .. _ ... _. 37.7 39.6 31.1 26.7 21.1 24.4 22.8 Oregon . . . . . . .. . 16.5 9.5 23.4 3.7 16.2 13.2 11.5 Pennsylvania _ _ _ _ .. 20.9 21.4 14.3 13.6 12.7 12.8 12.3 Rhode Island _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22.4 21.5 13.6 14.0 13.0 14.0 12.0 South Carolina ..._ 31. 1 30.7 25.8 21.3 22.2 22.9 19.9 South Dakota _ _ __ . _ 37.1 32.7 16.3 16.6 14.8 16.4 22.3 Tennessee . . . _ _ _ _ 32.5 26.2 23.2 21.6 22.0 21.2 18.9 Texas _ ... 33. 1 27.8 13.4 19.2 18.1 20.9 18.9 Utah _ 22. 2 16.8 12.7 9.7 10.3 11.0 10. 1 Vermont _ _ _ . . . _ 13.0 18.8 12.1 12.2 11.5 12.4 10.9 Virginia _ . 34.6 30.5 19.6 17.2 16.9 17.5 15.5 Washington. . . 26.7 27.4 19.2 17.1 16.7 17.8 17.2 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 23 Table VII. — Percentage of term not utilized for years indicated — Continued State, District of Columbia, or outlying part 1910 1920 1930 l 1932 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 8 7 8 West Virginia _ . _ _ 29.9 26.0 11.5 13.0 13.4 12.3 9.0 Wisconsin _ . _ _ ... 30.8 20.8 16.1 12.0 11.4 11.5 9.6 Wyoming - - - 28.4 22.8 12.4 15.9 15.6 17.5 16.5 District of Columbia ..... 19.8 19.2 15.6 18.4 18.8 18.3 17.1 Outlying parts of the United States . 18.8 10.2 9.0 9.0 11.0 Alaska . . . 25.4 15. 6 17. 5 14. 3 17. 7 American Samoa. ... _ ... .. .. 10.8 10.0 Canal Zone . . . ... 6.1 13.3 17.6 13.2 13.3 Guam... ... . 4. 1 3.4 3.3 Hawaii .. . . . . _ _ _ _ 7.0 4.4 5.6 5.6 5.7 Philippine Islands.. . _ .. 19.2 10.0 8. 7 8.9 10.9 1 Puerto Rico.. _ _ . 19. 5 12. 6 11.8 10.6 12. 6 ! Virgin Islands . _ _ ... .... 4.0 23.8 15.6 ' Instructional Personnel and Related Items For 1938 States were requested to report the data on instructional personnel to include those persons whose services contribute directly to classroom activities, that is, persons who spend their time in in¬ structing pupils and in offering services supplementary to such instruc¬ tion, such as library work, study hall, advisory service, and health education. Thus, instructional personnel was defined to include principals and assistant, supervising, and teaching principals; super¬ visors and assistant supervisors; and classroom teachers. Further¬ more, personnel was reported in terms of positions and not in terms of the number of individuals occupying throughout the school year a given number of positions. Clearly, only one individual was to be reported for each position. The respective numbers of teachers, supervisors, and principals ’were generally reported as separate items. It should be noted that when statements are made referring to the number of teachers, these statements are to be interpreted as the num¬ ber of teachers reported in terms of positions. Number of Teachers, Supervisors, and Principals The number of teachers in the public elementary and secondary schools in continental United States in 1938 was 877,266; the number of supervisors, 4,965; and the number of principals, 36,484. Thus, the total instructional personnel for jthat year was 918,715. Several States reported supervisors and principals as teachers (table 17). The number of teachers in 1930 was 854,263, an increase of nearly 175,000 over 1920. The number in 1938 represents an increase of approximately 23,000 over 1930. The number of instructional staff members increased 2.8 percent from 1936 to 1938 and 4.4 percent from 1930 to 1938. From 1936 to 1938, there was a decrease in this number in each of 11 States, ranging 24 (BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 from 0.2 percent in Iowa to 7.9 percent in North Dakota. The in¬ creases reported for this biennium in 37 States range from 0.1 percent in Kansas to 15.6 percent in Tennessee, with 10 States each reporting an increase in excess of 5 percent. For the 8-year period ending in 1938, there was a decrease in the number of teachers in each of 22 States. These decreases range from 0.2 percent in Arkansas to 10.7 percent in North Dakota. Of these 22 States, 10 reported a decrease of 5 percent or more. During this same period, there was an increase in 26 States, ranging from 0.2 percent in Maine to 26.4 percent in Tennessee. The States with corresponding percentages, reporting an increase in excess of 10 percent, are: Alabama, 14.2; Delaware, 15.1; Florida, 19.5; Georgia, 18.6; Kentucky, 12.8; Louisiana, 15.6; New Mexico, 15.2; New York, 20; Oregon, 1 1 .8 ; Tennessee, 26.4; and Texas, 10.8. The number of teachers in 1900 was 423,062, or approximately one- half the number for the years included beginning with 1930. Of the total number in 1900, 126,588, or 29.9 percent, were men, and 296,474, or 70.1 percent, were women. Ten years later, the number of men teachers constituted 21.1 percent, and in 1920, 14.1 percent, of the respective teaching forces. The percentage of men teachers in the public schools has steadily increased from 16.6 in 1930 to 21.1 in 1938 (the same as 1910). Increased salaries and emphasis on secondary- school offerings, especially in vocations, and limited opportunities in other fields during the depression are no doubt responsible in part for the increase in the number of men teachers. In 1938, the percent of men teachers in 25 States exceeded 20. The 10 States reporting the highest percentages of men teachers and the corresponding percentages were: Arizona, 25.5; Arkansas, 27.9; Idaho, 32.9; Indiana, 29.2; Kentucky, 26.5; Ohio, 27.5; Oklahoma, 26.9; Tennessee, 25.5; Utah, 36.6; Washington, 25.4; and West Virginia, 26.2. The 3 States with the lowest percentages of men teachers and their respective percentages were: Vermont, 10.8; Connecticut, 13; and Louisiana, 13.8. Pupil-Teacher Ratios From 1936 to 1938, the number of members on the instructional staff was increased 2.8 percent, while the average daily attendance was decreased approximately three-tenths of 1 percent. From 1930 to 1938 the number in continental United States was increased 4.4 percent, while the number of pupils in average daily attendance in¬ creased 4.9 percent. During the 8-year period ending 1938, there was a decrease in aver¬ age daily attendance in 1 1 States, ranging from 0.3 percent in Wyoming to 20.1 percent in South Dakota. Of these 11 States, only 1, namely, New Jersey, reported for this period an increase in the number of STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 25 teachers. Of the 37 States reporting an increase in the number of pupils in average daily attendance, 1 1 each report an increase in excess of 10 percent. Of these 11 States, only 1, namely, West Virginia, reported a decrease in the number of teachers. Alabama reported an increase of 14.5 percent in average daily at¬ tendance and an increase of 14.2 percent in the number of teachers during this 8-year period. Georgia, with an increase of 18.6 percent in the number of teachers, reported an increase of 7.3 percent in average daily attendance. In Idaho there was an increase of 7.7 per¬ cent in average daily attendance and a decrease of 4.5 percent in the number of teachers. There were decreases of 10.7 percent and 16.6 percent, respectively, in the size of the teaching force and in the number of pupils in average daily attendance in North Dakota. With a decrease of 8.6 percent in its number of teachers, West Virginia reported an increase of 13.8 percent in average daily attendance. Although interesting comparisons of the relative changes in the size of the instructional staff and in the average daily attendance can be made from available data (table VIII), conclusive statements as to cause and effect cannot be made. A decrease in the number of teachers in a given year may be chargeable to a decrease in funds rather than to a decrease in the number of pupils in average daily attendance ; as a matter of fact, the decrease in the number of teachers may actually be accompanied by an increase in average daily at¬ tendance. An increase in the number of teachers, although accom¬ panied perhaps by an increase in average daily attendance, may be chargeable to an addition of services previously not adequately pro¬ vided for. Again, a shortage of funds may have prevented increasing the number of teachers although the need existed for several years In determining pupil-teacher ratios, the number of pupils in aver¬ age daily attendance was divided by the number of teachers reported in terms of positions. The number of pupils in average daily at¬ tendance per teacher in continental United States in 1930 was 25.2; in 1934, 26.9; in 1936, 25.6; and in 1938, 25.4. In 1938 the average pupil-teacher ratio by States ranged from 13.4 in South Dakota to 32.5 in North Carolina. This ratio was less than 20 in 7 States and more than 20, but less than 25, in 17 States. Of the remaining 24 States, with a ratio in excess of 25 pupils in attendance per teacher, 2, namely, Maryland and North Carolina, reported a ratio of 30 and 32.5, respectively (table VIII). It should be noted that in the main the respective increases and decreases during the 8-year period re¬ ported were not significant. Analyses made by a given State of the ratios determined in accordance with sizes of schools and of local school administrative units may be expected to be of value in many instances. Averages on a State-wide basis, of course, do not reflect 246227°— 41 - 3 26 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 extremes in ranges. Attention can no doubt be profitably directed to analyses in States to show variations in pupil-teacher ratios in areas served by small schools in contrast to those served by schools, say, with 10 or more teachers. Average Annual Salaries of Instructional Staff Members The averages reported have been derived by States by dividing the instructional salaries, that is, salaries of teachers, supervisors, and principals, by the number of teachers, supervisors, and principals re¬ ported in terms of positions. Averages for teachers, for supervisors, and for principals could not be derived, because respective salary items were not obtainable from all States. Table VIII. — Percentage of increase or decrease in instructional staff 1 and in average daily attendance and number of pupils in average daily attendance per teaching position 1930 , 1934 , 1936, and 1938 Percentage Increase or Decrease Pupil-Teacher Ratio State or District of Columbia Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas - - - California. . . Colorado... . . Connecticut _ Delaware _ , - Florida _ _ _ Georgia.. . . Idaho . . . Elinois - Indiana. - - - Iowa _ Kansas . . . Kentucky - Louisiana - Maine _ Maryland - Massachusetts _ Michigan _ Minnesota _ Mississippi - Missouri - Montana _ Nebraska _ _ Nevada - New Hampshire _ New Jersey _ New Mexico _ New York - North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ _ _ Oklahoma _ Oregon... . . 4 Instructional staff Average daily attendance From 1930 to— 1936 From 1930 to— 1936 1930 1934 1936 1938 to to 1934 1936 1938 1938 1934 1936 1938 1938 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 . -1.3 +1.5 +4.4 +2.8 +5.6 +4.9 +4.9 -0. 003 25.2 26.9 25.6 25.4 +.2 +10.5 +14. 2 +3.4 +7.2 +14.7 +14.5 -.2 28.6 30.5 29.6 28.7 -9.4 -1.1 +.9 +6.9 +. 9 +5.2 +13.4 +7.8 24. 1 27.0 28.2 27.4 . -5.7 -2.4 -.2 +2.2 +4.9 +8.9 +8.2 -.7 26.3 29.4 29.4 28. 1 - +1-2 +11.3 +5.6 -6.7 +8.1 +10.4 +14.4 +3.6 24.7 25.1 23.8 27. 1 _ -5.6 -7.1 -4.7 +2.6 +3.0 -1.9 +5.0 +7.0 19.6 22.4 21.3 22. 1 . -3.4 -1.0 -4.4 -1.7 +4.0 +. 9 -2.8 -3.6 28.0 30.0 28.5 27.8 . +11.0 +14.7 +15.1 +. 3 +9.6 +9.3 +8.1 -1.2 25.5 25.1 24.4 24.0 . -.7 +11.1 +19.5 +7.6 +11.2 +14.8 +17.3 +2.2 25.3 27.9 25.5 24.3 . +5.0 +1.1 +18.6 +8.2 +9.5 +7.9 +7.3 -.6 28.2 29.4 27.9 25. 5 - +1-9 -.3 -4.5 -4.3 +5.5 +3.8 +7.7 +3.8 21.9 24.0 22.7 24.7 . -6.0 -2.7 -1.9 +.8 -2.4 -4.0 -5.9 -2.0 25.2 26.0 24.8 24.9 _ -7.0 -4.6 -2.8 +1.9 +9.5 +4.1 +4.1 + • 1 27.3 32.3 29.9 29.3 . -2.6 -.8 -.9 -.2 +2.1 -1.3 -3.5 -2.3 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.5 . -4.7 -3.6 -3.5 +.1 +. 8 -1.9 -5.5 -3.7 19. 1 21.5 20.6 19.9 +6.6 +11.3 +12.8 +1.3 +9.0 +13.3 +11.4 -1.7 28. 2 28 4 28.2 27.5 . +5.6 +10.7 +15.6 +4.4 +9.2 +12.8 +6.7 +.7 28.7 30.5 29.4 27.6 _ -1.2 +1.6 +• 2 -1.4 +8.5 +7.7 +7.5 -.2 22.3 24.5 23.6 23.9 . -1.0 +2.1 +3.9 +1.8 +7.1 +12.7 +9.0 +1.0 27.8 30.7 30.2 30.0 . +2.2 +3.3 -3.1 -6.2 +3.5 +1.7 -.9 -2.4 25.8 26.0 26.1 26.6 . -6.7 -11.9 -5.3 +7.5 +5.4 +4.8 +5.2 +.4 25.0 28.3 29.3 27.5 . -6.6 -5.2 -5.0 +.3 +5.0 +1.5 +1.1 -.4 20.6 23.2 21.9 21.7 . -9.2 -9.2 -.6 +9.5 +3.8 +3.8 +4.2 +• 4 28.8 33.1 33. 1 29.2 . 0 +5.8 +7.0 +1.2 +6.1 +2.5 +5.9 +3.3 23.8 25.3 23.8 23.6 . -6.4 -11.4 -3.8 +8.5 +.5 -4.3 -6.4 -2.3 17.5 18.7 18.9 18.0 . -6.8 -5.4 -6.4 -1.1 +7.0 +2.5 -2.6 -5.0 17.6 20. 1 19.0 18.2 . +10. 8 +12.8 +6.5 -5.6 +9.1 +11.1 +15.0 +3.5 18.9 19.2 18.2 20. 1 . -4. 1 -1.7 -3.9 -2.2 +4.4 +4.0 +1.6 -2.2 22.2 24.0 23.5 23.5 . +1.3 +3.2 +5.1 +1.8 +5.6 +3.1 -.4 -3.5 26. 1 27.0 25.9 24.5 . -.2 +9.2 +15.2 +5.5 +15.3 +22.7 +32.5 +8.0 22.4 27.7 27.2 27.2 . +4.7 +7.4 +20.0 +11.8 +7.9 +7.0 +8.9 +1.8 24.9 25.7 24.8 23.3 - -1.4 +1.9 +5.1 +3.2 +12.5 +12.9 +14.7 +1.6 28.8 33.7 32.8 32.5 . -5.1 -3.0 -10.7 -7.9 -8.7 -15.3 -16.6 -1.6 17.7 16.6 15.1 15.3 . -3.9 -2.0 +.5 +2.6 +4.3 +2.5 +.6 -1.9 27.5 29.4 28.4 27.3 _ -4.8 +■ 4 +3.5 +3.1 +4.7 +5.8 +4.9 -.9 23.7 26.5 25.4 24.5 . +21. 5 +8.3 +11.8 +3.2 +9.1 +5.4 +10.8 +5.1 25.0 22.1 23.3 23.8 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 27 Table VIII. — Percentage of increase or decrease in instructional staff 1 and in average daily attendance and number of pupils in average daily attendance per teaching position 1930 , 1934 , 1936, and 1938— Continued State or District of Columbia Percentage Increase or Decrease Pupil-Teacher Ratio Instructional stall Average daily attendance 1930 1934 1936 1938 From 1930 to— 1936 to 1938 From 1930 to— 1936 to 1938 1934 1936 1938 1934 1936 1938 * 2 3 * 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Pennsylvania _ -.8 +1.6 +4.6 +2.9 +6.7 +5.3 +2.7 -2.5 28.8 31.0 29.9 28.6 Rhode Island - -2.4 -7.4 -5.0 +2.5 +5.5 +1.9 +2.2 +.3 26.3 27.3 25. 1 26.2 South Carolina _ -2.5 +2.7 +7.9 +5.1 +8.7 +5.7 +12.3 +6.3 26.0 29.2 27.0 27.3 South Dakota _ +.9 -.4 -7.3 -6.9 -1.6 -7.7 -20.1 -13.4 15.5 16.0 14.9 13.4 Tennessee _ +5.6 +9.3 +26.4 +15.6 +6.1 +6.7 +7.4 +.6 27.2 27.3 26.6 25.6 Texas _ +4.1 +8.2 +10.8 +2.4 0 +.5 +2.4 +1.9 30.1 25.7 24.7 24.7 Utah _ -2.3 -.5 +1.0 +1.5 +5.5 +4.0 +3.6 -.4 27. 1 31.7 28.5 28.2 Vermont _ -1.3 -11.1 -7.8 +3.7 -1.0 +2.8 +4.3 +1.5 20.5 21.1 23.3 23.5 Virginia _ -.3 +.8 +4.5 +3.7 +7.6 +7.9 +9.0 +1.0 27.5 29.7 29.5 29.2 Washington. __ - - -.8 -4.6 -7.5 -3.0 +1.9 -.9 +1.0 +2.0 25.0 27.6 26.1 27.5 West Virginia - - -14.2 -14.4 -8.6 +4.5 +7.6 +12.6 +13.8 +1.1 22.2 27.9 26.0 26.8 Wisconsin _ +.2 +2.2 +5.2 +2.9 +9.1 +7.9 +7.1 -.8 23.4 25.3 24.4 23.6 Wyoming - -9.0 -9.6 -5.5 +4.5 -1.2 -2.6 -.3 +2.3 16.0 18.2 17.6 17.2 District of Columbia _ +2.8 +7.0 +10.6 +3.3 +11.8 +19.4 +22.2 +2.3 25.1 27.4 28.0 27.8 i Instructional staff includes teaching positions, supervisors, and principals. The average annual salary in 1938 of instructional personnel in the public schools was $1,374. When compared to the annual average salary of $1,283 in 1936, it represents an increase of $91. On the basis of 1928, the average for continental United States was at its lowest in 1934 and at its highest in 1930. Trends, as revealed by the average annual salaries for specified years, are shown by States for the decade ending 1938 (table VIII). With few exceptions, these State averages in 1934 represent the low points; in several cases the State averages in 1938 represent the high points. Although generally most of the States reported marked decreases in the average annual salaries by 1934, in nearly one-half the States the average in 1938 was approxi¬ mately equal to or slightly in excess of that at the beginning of the decade. In 1938, 32 States reported an average annual salary below that of $1,374, the average in continental United States. Furthermore, of this group 13 States reported an average below $900, and of these 13 States 2, namely, Arkansas and Mississippi, an average of less than $600 per year. That teachers in one-fourth of the States must keep pace with the constantly increasing training requirements, when they can expect to receive for their services rendered an average monthly salary of from $40 to $75 reflects a general situation in the education world that merits serious consideration. 28 BIENNIAL. SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Figure 4.— Average annual salary of instructional staff, by State, 1937-38. STATE' SCHOOL SYSTEM'S 29 Table IX. — Salaries of instructional staff at various periods Average Salary of Teachers, Supervisors, and Principals State or District of Columbia 1927-28 1929-30 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 1 2 3 4 5 e 7 Continental United States _ $1, 364 | $1, 420 $1,417 $1,227 $1, 283 $1,374 Alabama _ . _ _ 747 792 710 625 606 707 Arizona _ _ _ _ _ 1,587 1,637 1, 605 1, 309 1, 399 1, 535 Arkansas. _ . .. ... . 680 673 593 465 504 571 California _ _ _ ... ..... _ 2, 186 2,123 2,189 1, 899 1, 776 2,201 Colorado _ ... 1,450 1, 453 1, 386 1,172 1,248 1, 294 Connecticut.. ._ . _ 1, 715 1, 812 1, 970 1, 607 1, 679 1, 862 Delaware _ ... _ _ _ _ _ 1,451 1, 570 1,631 1,484 1, 555 1,623 Florida _ 906 876 867 806 905 1,003 Georgia . .... _ . . 647 684 690 640 587 715 Idaho _ .. _ . ... ... 1, 160 1, 200 1,166 794 943 1,087 Illinois _ ... . ... . . _ 1, 634 1, 630 1,598 1, 397 1, 369 1,608 Indiana _ .. .... .... ... 1, 430 1, 466 1,497 1, 127 1,294 1, 375 Iowa .. .. . . . 1,076 1, 094 1,096 834 875 932 Kansas ..... ... . .. __ 1, 166 1, 159 1, 123 858 855 903 Kentucky.. . . _ _ _ 851 896 835 676 787 835 Louisiana. . ..... 980 941 895 725 793 982 Maine. ... . _ _ 927 942 952 803 798 860 Maryland .... 1,418 1, 518 1, 523 1, 409 1,455 1, 564 Massachusetts _ _ . . _ 1, 823 1,875 1,845 1,730 1,834 2,009 Michigan _ . ... _ _ ... . __ 1,543 1,534 1,522 1, 162 1, 499 1,586 Minnesota. _ .. _ _ 1,259 1, 251 1, 305 1,006 1, 120 1, 185 Mississippi. . ..... . . . _ 545 620 655 474 571 479 Missouri . . . . . . __ 1, 164 1, 235 1, 230 1,175 1, 048 1, 134 Montana.. . ... ..... 1, 137 1, 215 1, 184 957 1,073 1, 077 Nebraska _ _ . _ 1,092 1,077 1,051 749 772 813 Nevada _ _ 1,504 1,483 1, 483 1, 317 1, 521 1, 465 New Hampshire. . . . _ _ 1, 185 1,254 1,258 1, 182 1,207 1, 258 New Jersey _ . . _ 2,002 2,113 2,192 1, 873 1,864 2,006 New Mexico _ _ _ _ _ _ 1,037 1,113 1, 096 994 984 1,090 New York _ ... .. ... .. . 2,337 2,493 2, 494 2,361 2,414 2,322 North Carolina _ ..... _ _ 837 873 799 576 735 897 North Dakota. ... _ . 837 900 900 621 648 684 Ohio _ 1, 529 1,665 1, 573 1, 420 1,522 1, 506 Oklahoma. _ _ 963 1, 070 1, 102 815 783 1, 027 Oregon. ... _ _. . .. . __ 1,348 1, 612 1, 439 921 1, 154 1,286 Pennsylvania... _ _ . _ 1,538 1, 620 1, 630 1,531 1, 549 1,593 Rhode Island _ _ _ 1,382 1,437 1, 599 1,509 1,664 1,756 South Carolina _ ... 769 788 668 599 637 734 South Dakota _ . . ._ . 1,105 956 944 614 711 752 Tennessee _ ..... 835 902 826 725 718 726 Texas _ 842 924 912 849 941 1, 013 Utah _ _ , 1, 299 1, 330 1,239 1,094 1,177 1, 324 Vermont. . .. _ _ _ _ 988 963 931 770 917 952 Virginia _ .. _ _ _ 822 861 859 779 810 864 Washington. . _ _ _ _ 1,538 1, 556 1,553 1, 217 1, 369 1,746 West Virginia _ _ _ . .. 1,122 1,023 1,085 913 1,091 1,096 Wisconsin _ . _ 1,290 1,399 1, 388 1,211 1,280 1,307 Wyoming _ . . . . . 1,151 1,239 1,250 967 1 1,023 1,053 District of Columbia _ _ ... 2,196 2,269 2,340 2,004 2,376 | 2,339 Financial Support Revenue Receipts The total revenue receipts of $2,222,884,661 in 1938 represent an increase of more than $130,000,000 over the receipts in 1930 and of approximately $250,000,000 over those in 1936. The amount and 30 (BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-38 percentages of revenue receipts (taxation and appropriation) derived from Federal, State, county, and local sources are shown for each of the years 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938. On the basis of 1936 receipts sig¬ nificant increases were reported in amounts received in 1938 from Federal, State, and local sources, including subsidies amounting that year to $300,265. Attention needs to be directed to the fact that the amount received from Federal sources in 1934 included funds totaling approximately $14,250,000 provided by the Federal Government that year to keep schools open. Source 1930 1934 1936 1938 Amount Per¬ cent Amount Per¬ cent Amount Per¬ cent Amount Per¬ cent * 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Federal _ $7, 333, 834 0.4 $21, 547, 938 1.2 $9, 849, 574 0.5 $26, 535, 473 1.2 State _ 353, 670, 462 16.9 423, 178, 215 23.4 578, 369, 087 29.3 655, 996, 060 29.5 County _ _ 216, 746, 764 10.4 169, 158, 503 9.3 140, 133, 116 7.1 144, 521, 394 6.5 Local and subsidies. 1, 510, 805, 777 72.3 1, 196, 767, 437 66. 1 1, 243, 050, 639 63.1 1, 395, 831, 734 62.8 Total _ 2, 088, 556, 837 100.0 1, 810, 652, 093 100.0 1,971,402,416 100.0 2,222,884,661 100.0 The annual income for the public elementary and secondary schools consists of appropriations from general funds, receipts from taxes levied for school purposes, income from permanent school funds, and receipts from leases of school lands and other miscellaneous sources, and of Federal aid. The respective amounts received from the designated sources are shown for 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938. Source 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 Permanent funds. _ Lease of school lands _ _ .. Appropriation and taxation. Federal aid. . .... All other... _ _ . _. Total _ $23, 767, 636 3, 748, 881 1, 975, 000, 085 7, 333, 834 78, 706, 401 $25, 793, 192 3, 142, 906 1, 974, 491, 883 8, 262, 137 56, 339, 181 $19, 890, 779 2, 167, 804 1, 720, 399, 440 21, 547, 938 46, 646, 132 $21, 014, 735 3, 355, 738 1, 885, 755, 840 9, 849, 574 51, 426, 529 $20, 177, 226 3, 852, 679 2, 125, 780, 232 26, 535, 473 46, 539, 051 2, 068, 029, 299 1, 810, 652, 093 1,971,402,416 2, 222, 884, 661 In 1938 the school revenue derived from permanent school funds and leases of school lands amounted to 93 cents per pupil enrolled in the schools of continental United States. Although for the Nation as a whole this source produces a small income, six States, namely, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Washington, reported amounts in 1938 aggregating a combined in¬ come from this source representing almost one-half of the total in continental United States. In seven States, namely, Idaho, Michi¬ gan, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Wyoming, the amounts received as income from permanent funds and rentals STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 31 from land leases exceeded $5 per pupil enrolled. In Wyoming this income in 1938 was $14.91 per pupil enrolled. Receipts totaling $24,029,905 represent income in 1938 from permanent school funds and from rentals produced from leasing school lands. Although there are a few exceptions these permanent school funds are mainly State funds. County permanent funds total¬ ing, respectively, $6,501,835, $764,670, and $11,879,877 were reported by Missouri, New Jersey, and Texas. Of the local permanent funds totaling $52,763,991 reported by seven States, $46,577,368 was re¬ ported by Illinois. The respective amounts of State, county, and local permanent school funds as reported by the States in 1938 present a combined total of $466,409,439 in the State permanent fund; of $19,146,382 in the county permanent fund; and of $52,763,991 in the local permanent fund. The total of $538,319,812 of permanent school funds yielded that year an income in excess of $24,000,000. Table X. — Percentage of receipts from taxation and appropriation from State , county , and local sources, by State, for years indicated Stale, District of Co- State County Local lumbia, or outlying part 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Continental United States _ 16.7 23.4 29.4 29.8 10.6 9.4 7.1 6.5 72.7 67.2 63.5 63.7 Alabama _ 43.7 39.3 49.5 55.5 29.7 34.5 38.6 25.0 26.6 26.2 11.9 19.5 Arizona _ 17.4 28.7 74.4 19.2 38.4 37.1 2.3 35.0 44.2 34.2 23.3 45.8 Arkansas 33. 6 16. 2 34.9 46. 6 2.9 1. 7 2.8 63. 5 83. 8 63.4 50. 6 California _ 25.1 49.6 48.2 43.2 36.9 4.5 1.2 1.5 38.0 45.9 50.6 55.3 Colorado _ .1 .1 — .2 26.5 26.2 26.0 25.2 73.4 73.7 74.0 74.6 Connecticut _ 7.5 9.0 8.7 7.3 92.5 91.0 91.3 92. 7 Delaware _ 88. 1 92.9 92.3 92.8 11.9 7. 1 7. 7 7.2 Florida _ 21.6 31.0 50.2 52.1 29.6 50.1 19.2 17.4 48.8 18.9 30.6 30.5 Georgia _ 36.5 34.1 42.6 53.8 30.1 31.0 48.1 23.1 33.4 34.9 9.3 23.1 Idaho _ .6 2.3 6.7 4.6 27.9 32.9 33.7 33.2 71.5 64.8 59.6 62.2 Illinois _ _ ... _ 4.5 6.9 10.0 8.4 1 .1 95.5 93.0 90.0 91.5 Indiana _ 1.7 25.7 26.5 32.9 . 6 98. 3 74.3 73. 5 66. 5 Iowa 3.3 1.4 1. 1 1.0 2. 1 2.3 3. 7 96. 7 96. 5 96. 6 95. 3 Kansas _ . 1 .3 8. 6 12.6 14.9 13! 7 99.9 87.4 84.8 77. 7 Kentucky _ 26.3 24.9 40.0 40.1 29.0 31.5 25.1 25.9 44.7 43.6 34.9 34.0 Louisiana _ 25.2 35.7 47.8 53.6 54.5 46.2 38.9 32.2 20.3 18.1 13.3 14.2 Maine. . _ _ 29.0 34.5 30.5 18.6 71.0 65.5 69.5 81.4 Maryland _ 17.3 24.4 23.6 24.0 34.3 28.2 30.4 31.7 48.4 47.4 46.0 44.3 Massachusetts .. 9.0 11.7 10.7 10.6 91.0 88.3 89.3 89. 4 Michigan. _ 19.9 29.5 44.5 46.9 — — .3 .2 80.1 70.5 55.2 52.9 Minnesota _ 17.3 22.9 29.2 36.3 5.0 5.3 4.2 .9 77.7 71.8 66.6 62.8 Mississippi _ 32.9 45.3 41.8 40.2 23.1 29.3 18.8 26.9 44.0 25.4 39.4 32.9 Missouri .. _ _ 10.7 8.0 23.0 29.7 4.2 2. 1 5.1 5.1 85.1 89.9 71.9 65.2 Montana __ _ _ _ 3.7 2.1 2.5 4.0 43.2 50.8 22.6 22.1 53.1 47.1 74.9 73.9 Nebraska . _ _ .7 .8 1.0 .9 99. 3 99. 2 99.0 99. 1 Nevada _ 13.2 13.0 16.5 21.4 58.6 77.1 33.9 36.9 28.2 9.9 49.6 41.7 New Hampshire. . 8.8 9.2 7.6 5.9 91.2 90.8 92.4 94. 1 New Jersey _ 21.0 2.0 2.0 4.8 .8 19.3 19.3 15.8 78.2 78.7 78.7 79.4 New Mexico .. .. 3.5 4.2 51.7 74.5 74.7 72.9 23.9 12.8 21.8 22.9 24.4 12.7 New York 28.6 28.6 37. 2 35.3 71.4 71.4 62.8 64. 7 North Carolina _ 1.4 64.9 86.2 70.7 61.2 21.3 21.1 37.4 13.8 13.8 8.2 North Dakota _ 2.8 4.2 24.3 16.7 7.8 12.0 11.7" 7.0 89.4 83.8 64.0 76.3 Ohio _ 3.6 15.4 37.4 34.4 32.4 21.4 1.2 1.8 64.0 63.2 61.4 63.8 Oklahoma _ 5.9 28.5 30.2 40.2 8.5 2.8 6.4 85.6 68.7 69.8 53.4 Oregon. _ 1 .2 ! 18.5 23.8 30.5 29.9 81.5 76.2 69.5 69.9 32 (BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table X. — Percentage of receipts from taxation and appropriation from State , county , and local sources , by State, for years indicated — Continued State, District of Co- State County Local lumbia, or outlying part 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 • 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14.0 20.3 21. 2 20. 7 86.0 79.7 78.8 79.3 8.3 5.6 5.8 6.4 91.7 94.4 94.2 93.6 26.9 29.6 49.8 52.4 27.0 5.8 4.8 5.6 46. 1 64.6 45.4 42.0 1 6 2.5 9.7 3.1 99.5 98.4 97.5 87.2 Tennessee _ 23.7 44.4 23.6 32.2 35.6 41.5 56.4 50.1 40.7 14. 1 20.0 17.7 Texas 35.9 51. 1 54.3 49. 1 10.0 10.1 64. 1 38.9 35.6 50.9 Utah 32. 1 41. 6 43. 7 40.0 34.0 35.2 67.9 24.4 56.3 24.8 Vermont _ 12.4 14.2 17.9 15.9 87.6 85.8 82. 1 84. 1 Virginia - _ 28.5 29.2 32.7 33.0 31.5 33.6 37.7 34.0 40.0 37.2 29.6 33.0 Washington _ 26.2 34.4 48.0 56.7 16. 1 13.3 10.8 6.6 57.7 52.3 41.2 36.7 West Virginia. _ 7.7 53.8 50.8 57.5 46.2 49.2 42.5 92.3 W isconsin . _ 16.2 19.5 16.2 19. 1 8.6 10.7 10.5 8.9 75.2 69.8 73.3 72.0 Wyoming _ 1.3 .1 7.6 10.8 25.7 29.0 26.0 26.2 73.0 70.9 66.4 63.0 District of Columbia 22.9 20.5 14.8 12.2 77.1 79.5 85.2 87.8 Outlying parts of the United States. 78.6 93.1 81.7 10.1 10.5 11.3 6.9 7.8 Alaska 67.5 73.4 81.4 32.5 26.6 18.6 American Samoa _ 100.0 100.0 Canal Zone _ _ 100.0 100.0 Guam _ 100.0 100.0 Hawaii 80.0 100.0 77.9 20.0 22.1 Puerto Rico 75.6 78. 5 84.0 24.4 21.5 16.0 Virgin Islands 100.0 100.0 In 1938, 17 States supplied separate data representing income in the form of rentals from leasing school lands. They reported a total income of $3,852,679 from this source. Other States apparently in¬ cluded the rentals of school lands as part of the income from per¬ manent funds. In this connection it should be noted that in 1938 there was reported a total of 32,908,995 acres of unsold school lands with an estimated value in excess of $337,000,000. When considering revenue receipts derived from direct taxation and supplied through appropriations, the State, the county, and the local unit, respectively, contributed in 1938 the following percentages of the total: 29.8, 6.5, and 63.7. An analysis of such receipts over a period of years indicates the general trend of increased State responsi¬ bilities for financing public elementary and secondary schools. This is evidenced by the fact that the contributions from State appropria¬ tions and from taxation in 1930 were 16.7 percent as compared with 29.8 percent in 1938. During this 8-year period the amount from the county as a unit of school support decreased from 10.6 percent to 6.5 percent and the amount from the local unit of school support from 72.7 percent to 63.7 percent. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 33 Figure 5. State Del... H. Uez N. C.. W. Va. Wash. . Ala... Ga. . . . La. . . . 8. 0.. Fla. . . , Texas. Mich. . Ark. . . Calif. , Okla. . , Hiss. . Ky.... Utah.. Minn. . H. T.. Ohio.. Va.... Ind. . . Tenn. . Mo. . . . Ud.... Nev... Pa _ Ariz.. Wie... Me.... N. Dak Vt.... D. 0.. Wyo... Mass . . 8. Dak Sans. . Ill... Conn. ., R. I.., H. H.. M. J.. Idaho. Mont. . , Iowa. . Hebr... Oreg. . Colo. . U. 3.. Peroent and Source 8tate County Looal 1 1 I/Z/////I 92. s 7-a | 7^.5 12.8 12.7 1 70.7 21.1 8.2 | 57-5 42.5 — 56.7 6.6 36.7 1 55-5 25.O 19.5 | 53-6 23.1 23.1 j 53.6 32.2 14.2 I 52.4 5.6 42.0 | 52.1 17.4 30.5 | 49.1 50.9 | 46.9 0.2 52.9 | 46.6 2.8 50.6 | 43.2 1.5 55.3 | 40.2 6.4 53.4 1 40.2 26.9 32.9 | 40.1 25.9 34.n | 40.0 35.2 24.8 | 36.3 0.9 62.8 | 35-3 — 64.7 | 34.4 1.8 63.8 | 33.0 34.0 33.0 | 32.9 0.6 66.5 | 32.2 50.1 17.7 I 29.7 5-1 65.2 | 24.0 31.7 44.3 | 21.4 36.9 41.7 | 20.7 — 79.3 | 19.2 35.0 45.8 I 19.1 8.9 .*72.0 | IS. 6 81.4 | 16.7 7.0 76.3 | 15.9 — 84.1 | 12.2 87.8 | 10. & 26.2 63.0 | 10.6 — 89.4 | 9.7 3.1 67.2 I S.6 13.7 77.7 | 8.4 0.1 91.5 I 7.3 92.7 | 6.4 93.6 | 5-9 94.1 | 4.8 15.8 79.4 j 4.6 33.2 62.2 | 4.0 22.1 73-9 | 1.0 3.7 95-3 0.9 — 99.1 1 0.2 29-9 69.9 0.2 25.2 74.6 29. 8 6.5 63.7 | r- 1 1/I//IJ///II/IA TdmmljmittmiwK Tmni////j//////i//7///////i! irmiiimtwmf/j/nnzL writ(////////)////rrnfm//////)/////m w \ x)]i//////lw//////\//miiz W///)j/7f////)////!in)/////////)//////Tflx r~ 7//////)/////////)////////)/////im wnWmnXnmvriimuihwm I r////\///////f/////////)/////////(/I///77, 72L ///////////////////////// vuii/)l/i/n//it(ii//////)j//i////L ¥ viinmin//m//////n///////r viiin)f////f//)///////////7777r, by State, 1937-38 34 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Table XI. — Comparison of receipts from loans and bond sales, 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 Loans and Bond Sales State 1930 1934 1936 1938 Increase or decrease 1930 to 1934 1930 to 1936 1930 to 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental U. S $357, 050, 699 $88,806, 678 $164, 707, 226 $219, 138, 934 Alabama _ 2, 374, 254 535, 907 3, 044, 547 1, 182, 947 -$1,838, 347 +$670, 293 -$1, 191, 307 Arizona _ 1,047,609 111,380 417, 696 340, 750 -936, 229 -629, 913 -706, 859 Arkansas _ _ 3, 235, 125 267, 517 770, 590 826, 657 -2, 967, 608 -2, 464, 535 -2, 408, 468 California _ 9, 841, 578 4, 154, 904 18,645,113 5, 364, 350 -5, 686, 674 +8, 803, 535 -4, 477, 228 1 60, 880 916, 932 355, 264 Connecticut _ 4, 684, 812 500, 968 730, 486 791, 426 -4, 183, 844 -3, 954, 326 -3, 893, 386 74, 150 42, 791 -31, 359 -74, 150 -74, 150 Florida. . _ 3, 029, 392 598, 183 805, 546 1, 153, 917 -2, 431, 209 -2, 223, 846 -1,875, 475 Georgia _ 4, 458, 138 3, 004, 480 1, 321, 078 2, 128, 546 -1, 453, 658 -3, 137, 060 -2, 329, 592 Idaho _ _ 436, 471 369, 781 671, 921 1, 343, 246 -66, 690 +235, 450 +906, 775 Illinois.. _ ... 80, 293, 714 18, 395, 582 24, 181, 673 58, 989, 089 -61, 898, 132 -56,112,041 -21, 304, 625 Indiana . . . .. 2, 851, 190 1, 349, 180 5, 976, 314 5, 129, 481 -1,502,010 +3, 125, 124 +2, 278, 291 Iowa... . 2, 270, 129 653, 267 1, 543, 848 1, 882, 665 -1,616, 862 -726, 281 -387, 464 3, 783, 206 1, 313, 554 1, 168, 099 -2, 469, 652 -2, 615, 107 -3, 783, 206 Kentucky _ 4, 872, 489 150, 747 564, 867 737, 655 -4, 721, 042 -4, 307, 622 -4, 134, 834 Louisiana _ 5, 153, 167 17,000 265, 800 2, 976, 043 -5, 136, 167 -4, 887, 367 -2, 177, 124 Maryland _ 3, 213, 694 1, 937, 464 1, 551, 297 1,331,317 -1,276,230 -1,662, 397 -1,882, 377 Michigan... _ 26,355, 911 8, 846, 156 11,722, 341 3, 571, 016 -17, 509, 755 -14, 633, 570 -22, 784, 895 Minnesota _ 4, 387, 340 2, 374, 497 3, 677, 559 3, 680, 950 -2, 012, 843 -709, 781 -706, 390 Mississippi 1, 631, 781 48, 123 1, 542, 792 -1,583, 658 -88, 989 -1,631,781 Missouri 7, 320, 348 2, 249, 450 3, 205, 742 -5, 070,898 -4, 114, 606 Montana. _ 1, 110, 822 496, 527 595, 200 776, 626 -614, 295 -515. 622 -334, 196 Nebraska . 847, 654 139, 899 468, 729 330, 518 -707, 755 -378, 925 -517, 136 Nevada _ .. 557, 048 109, 176 429, 585 96, 730 -447, 872 -127, 463 -460, 318 New Hampshire. . 68, 686 35, 872 779, 723 205, 326 -32, 814 +711,037 +136, 640 New Jersey.. . 26, 248, 043 3, 735, 888 6, 326, 024 2, 210, 680 -22, 512, 155 -19, 922,019 -24, 037, 363 New Mexico 152, 500 84, 000 495, 497 -68, 500 +342, 997 -152,500 New York . . 68, 992, 463 3, 439, 698 17, 875, 428 40, 887, 324 -65, 552, 765 -51,117,035 -28, 105, 139 North Carolina... 4, 966, 935 1, 284, 939 2, 164, 508 -3, 681, 996 -2,802, 427 North Dakota 343, 548 571, 346 1, 531, 111 Ohio _ 26, 933, 184 6, 024, 450 6, 639, 856 18, 162, 653 -20, 908, 734 -20, 293, 328 -8, 770, 531 Oklahoma _ ' 18, 037 2, 945, 200 Oregon. _ _ 275, 131 542, 690 3, 407, 370 2, 133, 727 +267, 559 +3, 132, 239 +1, 858, 596 Pennsylvania _ 27, 319, 747 23, 132, 961 27, 625, 326 40, 603, 844 -4, 186, 786 +305, 579 +13, 284, 097 Rhode Island 437, 500 South Carolina... 783, 444 68,677 1, 093, 312 1, 479, 215 -714, 767 +309, 868 +695, 771 South Dakota _ 301, 872 48, 583 981, 255 613, 941 -253, 289 +679, 383 +312, 069 Tennessee .... 1, 885, 088 1, 108, 027 1, 420, 905 985, 310 -777,061 -464, 183 -899, 778 Texas 12, 562, 993 3, 364, 472 4, 790, 475 -9, 198, 521 —7, 772, 518 Utah _ 1, 796, 883 438,318 ; 867, 836 260, 892 -1,358,565 -929, 047 -1,535,991 Vermont _ _ .. 453, 525 306, 957 Virginia _ 1, 274, 218 ; 427, 329 ■ 2, 775, 030 1, 747, 934 -846, 889 +1, 500, 812 +473, 716 Washington.. _. 2, 595, 763 i 780, 482 : 1,083,920 i 909, 029 -1, 815, 281 —1, 511, 843 —1, 686, 734 West Virginia _ ' 6, 269 ► Wisconsin. ... .. 6, 478, 399 i 1, 785, 369 i 2, 181, 539 i 3, 553, 935 —4, 693, 030 -4, 296, 860 —2,924, 464 Wyoming _ 585, 328 ! 23, 578 ; 120, 699 i 397, 138 -561, 750 -464, 629 -188, 190 'Not previously reported. In 1938 the schools in 10 States received more than 50 percent of their revenue from State appropriations and taxes; in 15 States from 25 percent to 49.9 percent; and in 23 States less than 25 percent. The 3 States contributing the largest percentages from these sources were: Delaware, with 92.8; New Mexico, with 74.5; and North Carolina, with 70.7 percent. Of the 13 States each reporting less STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 35 than 10 percent of the revenue in 1938 from State appropriation and taxation 7 each reported less than 5 percent. The schools in 29 States derived a larger percentage of their revenue from State sources in 1938 than in 1936. The percentages reported by 42 States in 1938 exceeded those reported in 1930. Significant decreases from 1930 to 1938 in the percentage of receipts from taxation and appropriation contributed by the county as a unit of school support were reported by the following States: Cali¬ fornia, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Washington. During this same period there were noticeable in¬ creases in these contributions by the county in Idaho, New Jersey, Oregon, Tennessee, and West Virginia. It should be noted that whereas in 1930 in West Virginia the State contributed 7.7 percent and the local unit 92.3 percent, beginning with 1934 the State in¬ creased its share to more than 50 percent with the county as the local unit of school support contributing the remainder of the annual revenue receipts. For continental United States the percentage of school revenue derived by taxation and appropriation through the local unit of school support decreased from 72.7 in 1930 to 63.7 in 1938. The percentage of such receipts from local sources ranged in 1938 from 7.2 in Delaware to 99.1 in Nebraska. This local contribution that year was less than 25 percent of the total in 8 States; from 25 to 49.9 percent in 9 States; from 50 to 74.9 percent in 16 States, and from 75 to 99.9 percent in 14 States. As soon as the respective State systems of recording and reporting school money permit, each State can report the distribution of receipts by types or kinds of local units of school administration. For 1938, 27 States and the District of Co¬ lumbia supplied data permitting the distribution shown. (Table 31.) Nonrevenue Receipts. Receipts from loans and bond sales were reported by 39 States in 1938. In that year receipts from these sources for the States reporting aggregated $219,138,934. In 1930 corresponding receipts totaled $357,050,699. Four years later the amount received from these sources for 42 States reporting was slightly in excess of $88,- 000,000. Because the same States did not report each year com¬ parisons cannot be made so as to include 48 States. On the basis of 1930 State receipts, there was an increase in receipts from loans and bond sales in 1934 in only 1 State — Oregon — and in 1938 in 8 States. On the basis of the respective amounts received by States reporting in 1934 there was an increase in amounts received from these sources in 1938 in 29 of the 36 States reporting each of these 2 years. When considering nonrevenue receipts from all sources, including loans and bond sales, sale of property, and insurance adjustment, the amount 36 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 received by the States reporting in 1938 was $269,713,010. This exceeded by approximately $60,000,000 corresponding receipts reported in 1936. Expenditures The total expenditure in 1938 for public elementary and secondary day schools, excluding capital outlay, debt service, and interest was $1,870,089,658; and including capital outlay and interest, but ex¬ cluding debt service, was $2,223,045,404. For that year the expendi¬ ture for summer, evening and adult, and part-time and continuation schools was $10,064,650. This figure represents expenditures for the purposes indicated only in those States reporting separate data. The remaining States included expenditures for these purposes in current expense payments. The expenditure, including capital outlay and interest for all schools in 1938, was $2,233,110,054 in contrast to $1,968,898,198 in 1936. Table XII. — Comparison of State school expenditures , 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 Purpose 1930 1934 1936 1938 Per¬ cent¬ age de¬ crease or in¬ crease in per capita cost, 1930 to 1938 Per capita cost on aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Per¬ cent of total Per capita cost on aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Per¬ cent of total Per capita cost on aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Per¬ cent of total Per capita cost on aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Per¬ cent of total i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 General control _ _ $3.70 4.3 $2. 86 4.2 $30. 02 4.1 $3. 88 4.6 +4.9 Instruction: Salaries. _ ... .. _ _ 58. 80 67.9 47. 51 70.4 51. 41 69.2 56. 62 67.5 -3.7 Textbooks and supplies. . . _ 3. 17 3.6 2. 40 3.5 3. 05 4.1 4. 36 5.2 +37.5 Total _ 61.97 71.5 49.91 73.9 54. 46 73.3 60.98 72.7 —1.6 Operation _ _ _ 10. 16 11.7 6. 93 9.9 7. 57 10.2 8.25 9.8 -18.8 Maintenance _ _. ... 3. 71 4.3 2. 13 3.2 2. 89 3.9 3. 42 4.1 -7.8 Auxiliary agencies _ ... 4. 80 5.5 3. 84 5.7 4. 40 5.9 5. 43 6.5 +13.1 Fixed charges . . . . 2. 36 2.7 1.81 3.1 1. 96 2.6 1. 91 2.3 -19.1 Total current expense . 86. 70 100.0 67.48 100.0 74. 30 100.0 83. 87 100.0 — 3. 3 Capital outlay 17. 44 2. 64 7. 68 10. 71 —38.6 Interest _ .. _ _ 4. 35 6. 10 5. 96 5. 12 +17.7 Current Expense The totah current expense, excluding interest, in the public elemen¬ tary and secondary schools in 1938 was $1,870,089,658 in contrast to $1,656,798,838 in 1936. The distribution of these current expenses by functions as represented by the accepted classification in accounting is shown for full-time day schools in continental United States by 2-year intervals beginning with 1930. Expenditures reported as general control in the tabulation just referred to include an item STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 37 Figure 6.— Annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance for current expense, capital outlay, and interest, 1937-38 approximating $86,440,768 as payment for per diem and travel of members of boards of education, salaries of administrative and clerical staff, and other expenses such as travel and supplies of local, county, and State educational agencies. Purpose 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 General control-.- . . Instruction . . . Operation _ Maintenance _ Auxiliary agencies _ Fixed charges _ _ Total current ex¬ pense _ Capital outlay _ _ Interest _ . _ $78, 679, 502 1, 317, 727, 233 216, 072, 433 78, 810, 238 101, 992, 622 50, 269, 680 $74, 910, 121 1, 333, 331, 826 198, 905, 327 58, 518, 348 98, 707, 181 45, 566, 213 $64, 092, 729 1, 120, 874, 191 155, 726, 505 47, 750, 777 86, 350, 820 40, 735, 176 $67, 436, 271 1, 214, 363, 109 168, 788, 708 64, 475, 349 98, 114, 995 43, 620, 506 $86, 440, 768 1, 359, 704, 049 183, 853, 278 76, 314, 876 121, 164, 112 42, 612, 575 1, 843, 551, 708 1,809, 939,016 1, 515, 530, 198 1, 656, 798, 938 1, 870, 089, 658 370, 877, 969 92, 535, 880 210, 996, 262 140,234,782 59, 276, 555 137, 036, 525 171, 321, 674 132, 983, 153 238, 853, 496 114, 192, 250 On the basis of 1930, current expense payments in continental United States decreased for three bienniums with a decrease of 10.1 percent from 1930 to 1936; however, the current expense in 1938 represents an increase of 1.4 percent, or approximately $36,000,000, over 1930, and an increase of 12.9 percent, or approximately $213,- 000,000, over 1936. There was a decrease in current expense from 1936 to 1938 in 2 States, namely, North Dakota and South Dakota, 38 BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 and in 2 outlying parts, namely, Samoa and the Canal Zone. For the 8-year period beginning 1930 current expense increased in 26 States and in the District of Columbia with a percentage of increase ranging from 0.1 in New Jersey to 38.8 in Florida, but decreased in 22 States with the range of 0.7 in Massachusetts to 37.3 in North Dakota. From 1930 to 1938, 2 states each reported an increase and 2 States each a decrease in current expense in excess of 25 percent. Data submitted show that although in comparison with 1930 there was a slight increase in current expense payments in 1938 the expendi¬ ture per pupil in average daily attendance was less that year than it was in 1930. When using 1936 as a basis, the per pupil expenditure in 1938 increased 12.9 percent, or $9.57 (tables XIII and XIV). Table XIII. — Comparison of current expenses , not including interest , 1930 , 1934, 1936, 1938 State, District of Co¬ lumbia, or outlying part Current Expenses (Not Including Interest) Annual Cost per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States $1,843,551,708 $1,515,530,198 $1,656,798,938 $1,870,089,658 $86. 70 $67.48 $74.30 $83.87 Alabama... - - 17, 652. 225 15, 281, 193 15, 470, 827 18, 579, 591 37. 28 30.09 28. 49 34. 27 Arizona.. . _ ... 8, 289, 546 5, 909, 717 6, 641, 739 8, 115, 301 109. 12 77. 11 83. 10 94. 16 Arkansas .... . --- 11, 101, 551 7, 844, 132 8, 848, 229 11, 315, 126 33. 56 22.60 24. 55 31.62 California . _ 121, 136, 633 107, 917, 132 115. 979, 261 136, 602, 765 133. 30 109. 83 115.60 131. 43 Colorado. _ _ _ 21, 125, 901 15, 378, 576 16, 325, 207 17, 503, 253 110. 76 78. 30 87.20 87. 41 Connecticut .. _ 28, 155, 339 23, 444, 098 25, 137, 780 27, 879, 286 102. 58 82. 12 90.76 104. 47 Delaware.. . 3, 448, 498 3, 688, 808 3, 978, 802 4, 099. 278 95. 12 92. 85 100. 38 104. 64 Florida _ 13, 516, 229 12, 211, 844 16, 521, 021 18, 766, 637 50. 61 40.73 53.89 59. 91 Georgia .. _ _ 17, 166, 356 16, 703, 459 17, 978, 330 21, 778, 434 31. 89 28. 34 30. 96 37. 71 Idaho. .. ... _ 8, 553, 928 5, 931, 755 7, 074, 175 7, 957, 902 86. 86 57. 09 69. 21 75.00 Illinois.. _ 123, 430, 692 91, 818, 435 99, 426, 809 117, 514, 401 102. 56 78. 18 86. 06 103. 77 Indiana _ _ _ _ 54, 666, 666 39, 329, 061 42, 834, 583 47, 797, 620 91. 66 60.20 69.08 77. 01 Iowa _ _ _ 44, 692, 503 31, 071, 253 33, 531, 989 36, 410, 763 96. 10 65. 44 73. 02 81. 15 Kansas. . . . . 33, 857, 923 22, 125, 448 23, 993, 647 25,110, 979 92. 81 60. 19 67. 04 72. 84 Kentucky _ ... ... 20, 009, 576 15, 748, 876 19, 372, 980 21, 449, 871 46. 23 33. 37 39. 52 44. 49 Louisiana _ 16, 847, 280 13, 787, 671 16, 352, 508 20, 927, 833 48. 19 36. 07 42. 55 54. 09 Maine _ _ ... . 9, 647, 509 7, 803, 011 8, 204, 059 8, 957, 403 69. 89 52.09 55.20 60. 36 Maryland _ _ 18, 880, 053 17, 312, 285 19, 014, 104 20, 273, 946 80. 15 68.64 74. 77 78.93 Massachusetts. _ 74, 034, 720 66, 905, 157 71, 781, 802 73, 559, 862 109. 57 95. 69 104. 51 109. 81 Michigan. .. _ 96, 968, 550 60, 276, 738 69, 818, 416 79, 403, 768 114. 76 67. 68 78. 82 89.31 Minnesota _ 46, 271, 102 36, 059, 327 39, 960, 651 42, 465, 585 101. 29 75. 15 86. 16 91.92 Mississippi _ 15, 757, 723 10, 665, 915 12, 536, 976 12, 816, 153 36. 13 23. 55 27. 68 28. 19 Missouri. _ _ 40, 513, 185 36, 861, 955 35, 717, 666 43, 144, 293 70. 28 60. 27 60. 43 70. 68 Montana _ _ ... 11, 557, 838 8, 385, 843 9, 711, 579 10, 261, 321 109. 73 79. 24 96. 29 104. 12 Nebraska _ 24, 123, 984 15, 943, 443 17, 200, 723 17, 842, 615 93. 08 57. 48 64. 75 70. 67 Nevada . . _ 2, 039, 602 1, 926, 408 2, 131, 522 2, 306, 643 136. 18 117. 90 128. 11 133. 89 New Hampshire 6, 119, 532 5, 489, 053 5, 803, 714 6, 176, 794 92. 77 79. 67 84.63 92. 13 New Jersey _ _ 82, 801, 149 71, 789, 161 74, 058, 972 82, 854, 970 124. 90 102. 53 108. 33 125. 53 New Mexico... . . . 5, 884, 701 5, 289, 343 5, 905, 522 7. 200, 240 77.21 60. 18 63. 16 71.30 New York. _. .. ... 256, 705, 491 250, 032, 878 267, 883, 034 300, 102, 154 137. 55 124. 13 134. 13 147. 65 North Carolina _ 28, 830, 362 18, 296, 364 23, 638, 225 30, 565, 163 42. 85 24. 18 31. 11 39.59 North Dakota... . . 14, 794, 184 9, 138, 349 9, 503, 965 9, 281, 469 99. 55 67. 32 75. 46 74. 85 Ohio _ 109, 213, 169 86, 292, 654 96, 416, 743 98, 977, 662 95.69 72. 51 82.42 86.23 Oklahoma _ 30, 780, 341 21, 499, 759 21, 547, 155 31, 178, 365 65. 48 43.70 43. 33 63. 25 Oregon. . _ . . 16, 030, 009 11,661,899 12, 730, 206 15, 104, 689 103. 31 68.90 77. 83 87.88 Pennsylvania. ... .. . 145, 861. 417 133, 057, 357 139, 438, 046 158, 280, 147 87. 81 75. 04 79.70 92.82 Rhode Island _ _ 9, 821, 214 9, 415, 674 9, 933, 407 10, 322, 596 95. 74 86. 97 95. 03 98. 49 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 39 Table XIII. — Comparison of current expenses , not including interest , 1930 , 1934 , 1936, 1 938 — Continued State, District of Co¬ lumbia, or outlying part Current Expenses (Not Including Interest) Annual Cost per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance 1930 1934 1936 1938 1930 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 South Carolina. _ 13, 933, 522 10. 280, 279 11, 788, 357 14, 289, 844 39.98 27. 14 32. 01 36.52 South Dakota _ 13, 219, 921 8, 492, 846 10, 966, 969 10, 071, 519 95. 36 62.29 85.70 90.90 Tennessee.. 20, 560, 079 17, 704, 563 18, 423, 552 21, 537, 356 42. 66 34. 62 35.81 41.61 Texas.. . .. 58, 597, 695 50, 070, 685 59. 509, 562 71, 920, 885 54. 57 46.63 55. 15 65.42 Utah _ 9, 052, 640 7, 464, 375 8, 412, 213 9, 346, 530 75. 08 58. 71 67. 07 74. 86 Vermont. . 4, 883, 970 3, 498, 209 3, 907, 090 4, 700, 382 84. 24 59. 76 65. 55 77.70 Virginia.. - ... 20, 026, 944 18, 261, 378 19, 013, 524 20, 870, 738 44. 25 37. 51 38.92 42. 31 Washington _ 27, 976, 728 19, 622, 984 23, 545, 936 29, 222, 208 100. 45 69. 16 85. 33 103. 83 West Virginia _ _ 25, 265, 495 18, 284, 495 22, 835, 851 24, 125, 077 72. 16 48.54 57.93 60. 55 Wisconsin _ .... 44, 566, 798 37, 177, 937 41, 303, 965 45, 808, 211 94. 17 71.99 80. 87 90. 39 Wyoming _ _ .. 6, 137, 422 4, 181, 912 4, 726, 453 5, 040, 367 128. 59 88.70 101. 62 105. 91 District of Columbia _ 9, 043, 813 8, 196, 504 9, 961, 092 10, 271, 663 132. 39 107. 30 122. 10 123. 05 Outlying parts of the United States ... 23, 022, 949 27,810, 403 16. 15 16.51 Alaska _ _ _ _ 672, 167 764, 647 132. 19 146.04 American Samoa 21, 434 16, 240 11. 22 Canal Zone. _ _ 470, 179 427, 756 79. 00 75. 76 Guam . _ 64, 681 65, 782 15. 26 Hawaii .. _ _ 5, 398, 170 6, 844, 152 67. 29 81. 04 Philippine Islands . 11, 047, 280 12, 804, 397 10. 03 9. 51 Puerto Rico . . _ _ 5, 246, 874 6, 759, 931 23 41 29. 05 Virgin Islands. _ _ 102, 164 127, 498 37. 33 40.02 Table XIV. — Percentage comparison of current expense and annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance , excluding interest, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938 State, District of Columbia, or outlying part 1 Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas _ California _ Colorado _ Connecticut _ Delaware _ Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho _ Illinois _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Percent Increase or Decrease of Current Expense Percent Increase or Decrease of Annual Cost per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance 1932 1934 1936 1938 1938 1932 1934 1936 1938 1938 over over over over over over over over over over 1930 1930 1930 1930 1936 1930 1930 1930 1930 1936 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -2.2 -17.8 -10.1 +1.4 +12.9 -6.5 -22.2 -14.3 -3.3 +12.9 -10.2 -13.4 -12.4 +5.3 +20. 1 -16.4 -19.3 -12.2 -8. 1 +20.2 -2. 1 -28.7 -19.9 -2.1 +22.2 -8.1 -29.3 -23.8 -13.7 +13.3 -13.1 -29.3 -20.3 +1.9 +27.9 -15.2 -32.7 -26.8 -5.8 +28.8 +3.0 -10.9 -4.3 +12.8 +17.8 -3.3 -17.6 -13.3 -1.4 +13.7 -4.4 -27.3 -22.7 -17.1 +7.2 -8.4 -29.3 -21.3 -21. 1 +.2 +5.6 -16.7 -10.7 -.9 +10.9 +1.6 -19.9 -11.5 +1.8 +15.1 +12.8 +7.0 +15.4 +18.9 +3.0 +5.5 -2.4 +5.5 +10.0 +4.2 +2.3 -9.7 +22.2 +38.8 +13.6 -6.7 -19.5 +6.5 +18.4 +11.2 +.7 -2.7 +4.7 +26.9 +21. 1 -5.3 -11.1 -6.1 +18.3 +21.8 -8.8 -30.7 -17.3 -6.9 +12.5 -11.9 -34.3 -20.3 -13.7 +8.4 -5.2 -25.6 -19.4 -4.8 +18.2 -7.0 -23.8 -16.1 +1.2 +20.5 -5.9 -28.1 -21.6 -12.6 +11.6 -13.6 -34.3 -24.6 -16.0 +11.5 -8.3 -30.5 -25.0 -18.5 +8.6 -10.9 -31.9 -24.0 -15.6 +11.1 -12.1 -4.5 -34.7 -21.3 -29.1 -3.2 -25.8 +7.2 +4.7 +10.7 -16.5 -10.8 -35.1 -27.2 -27.8 -14.5 -21.5 -3.8 +8.7 +12.6 -1.5 -18.2 -2.9 +24.2 +28.0 -7.0 -25.3 -11.7 +12.2 +27.1 +2.0 -19. 1 -15.0 -7.2 +9.2 -3.6 -25.5 -21.0 -13.6 +9.3 Louisiana Maine _ 40 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Table XIV. — Percentage comparison of current expense and annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance, excluding interest, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938 — Continued Percent Increase or Decrease of Current Expense Percent Increase or Decrease of Annual Cost per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance State, District of Columbia, or outlying part 1932 over 1930 1934 over 1930 1936 over 1930 1938 over 1930 1938 over 1936 1932 over 1930 1934 over 1930 1936 over 1930 1938 over 1930 1938 over 1936 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Maryland _ -- - +4.3 -8.3 +.7 +7.4 +6.6 -1.5 -14.4 -6.7 -1.5 +5.6 Massachusetts _ -- _ -.9 -9.4 -3.0 -.7 +2.5 -4.1 -12.7 -4.6 +.2 +5.1 Michigan _ —11.7 -37.8 -28.0 -18.1 +13.7 -13.9 -41.0 -31.3 -22.2 +13.3 Minnesota _ -1.6 -22. 1 -13.6 -8.2 +6.3 -5.4 -25.8 -14.9 -9.3 +6.7 -39. 6 -32.3 -20. 4 -18.7 +2.2 -38.7 -34.8 -30. 5 -22.0 +1.8 Missouri..- . +4.1 -9.0 -11.8 +6.5 +20.8 -.4 -14.2 -14.0 +.6 +17.0 Montana. . - - - -8. 1 -27.4 -16.0 -11.2 +5.6 -10.1 -27.8 -12.2 -5.1 +8.1 Nebraska _ _ -6.3 -33.9 -28.7 -26.0 +3.7 -13.8 -38.2 -30.4 -24.1 +9.1 Nevada _ __ -- - +6.4 -5.5 +4.5 +13.1 +8.2 -2.8 -13.4 -5.9 -1.7 +4.5 New Hampshire _ +5.2 -10.3 -5.2 +.9 +6.4 +1.2 -14. 1 -8.8 -.7 +8.8 New Jersey _ +5.6 -13.3 -10.6 +• 1 +11.9 +1.2 -17.9 -13.3 -.5 +15.9 New Mexico.-. . +2.2 -10. 1 +.4 +22.4 +21.9 -6.9 -22.1 -18.2 -7.7 +12.9 New York... . _ . +6.3 -2.6 +4.4 +16. 9 +12.0 +1.3 -9.8 -2.5 +7.3 +10. 1 North Carolina. -13.0 -36.5 -22.0 +6.0 +29.3 -19.6 -43.6 -27.4 -7.6 +27.3 North Dakota _ . -18. 1 -38.2 -35.8 -37.3 -2.3 -15.9 -32.4 -24.2 -24.8 -.8 Ohio _ -9.8 -21.0 -11.7 -9.4 +2.7 -12.7 -24.2 -13.9 -9.9 +4.6 Oklahoma -11.3 -30.2 -30.0 +1.3 +44.7 -15.5 -33.3 -33.8 -3.4 +45.9 Oregon _ -6.0 -27.2 -20.6 -5.8 +18.7 -26.1 -33.3 -24.7 -14.9 +12.9 Pennsylvania _ . +2.5 -8.8 -4.4 +8.5 +13.5 -1.9 -14.5 -9.2 +5.7 +16.5 Rhode Island _ _ +6.1 -4.1 +1.1 +5.1 +3.9 +2.7 -9.2 -.7 +2.9 +3.4 South Carolina. __ . -21.0 -26.2 -15.4 +2.6 +21.2 -26.4 -32.1 -19.9 -8.7 +14.1 South Dakota —5. 5 -35.8 —17.0 —23.8 -8. 2 -4.7 -34. 7 -10. 1 —4. 7 +6. 1 Tennessee _ . . -4. 1 -13.9 -10.4 +4.8 +16.9 -8.2 -18.8 -16.1 -2.5 +16.2 Texas _ - - +3.8 -14.6 +1.6 +22.7 +20.9 +5.4 -14.6 +1. 1 +19.9 +18.6 Utah _ -9.3 -17.5 -7.1 +3.2 +11.1 -14.1 -21.8 -10.7 -.3 +11.6 Vermont... . .. -- - -9.0 -28.4 -20.0 -3.8 +20.3 -9.3 -29. 1 -22.2 -7.8 +18.5 Virginia - - - _ -.4 -8.8 -5. 1 +4.2 +9.8 -6.6 -15.2 -12.0 -4.4 +8.7 Washington _ -4.8 -29.8 -15.8 +4.5 +24. 1 -7.9 -31. 1 -15. 1 +3.4 +21.6 West Virginia. _ . -7. 1 -27.6 -9.6 -4.5 +5.6 -11.6 -32.8 -19.7 -16.1 +4. 5 Wisconsin. _ ... _ - -.9 -16.6 -7.3 +2.8 +10.9 -8.1 -23.6 -14. 1 -4.0 +11.8 Wyoming _ _ _ _ -11. 1 -31.9 -23.0 -17.9 +6.6 -10.7 -31.0 -21.0 -17.6 +4.2 District of Columbia. _ +3.6 -9.4 +10.1 +13.6 +3.1 -3.7 -19.0 -7.8 -7.1 +.8 Outlying parts of the United States +22.4 +20.1 +2.2 Alaska +89.8 +13.8 +10.5 American Samoa -6.2 -24.2 Canal Zone +15.5 -9.0 -4.1 Guam +20.7 +1.7 Hawaii +40.2 +26.7 +20.4 Philippine Islands +8.9 +15.9 -5.2 Puerto Rico +31. 9 +28.8 +24. 1 Virgin Islands +18.6 +24.8 +7 2 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 41 The trend in continental United States from 1930 to 1938 in current expense is revealed by the annual expenditure by functions per pupil in average daily attendance in the public elementary and secondary day schools. This expenditure was $86.70 in 1930, $67.48 in 1934, $74.30 in 1936, and $83.87 in 1938. There was an increase in 1938 as compared with 1930 in the respective amounts spent for general control, instruction, and auxiliary agencies. An increase of nearly $8,000,000 for general control, however, resulted in an increase of only 18 cents per pupil in average daily attendance because of the increased average daily attendance during the 8-year period. The relative amounts, by functions, are indicated by the percent that each amount is of the total current expense. These percentages (recorded in columns 3, 5, 7, and 9 of table XII show that the propor¬ tionate amounts spent, respectively, for operation, maintenance, and fixed charges were less in 1938 than in 1930. Interest The amount of interest paid, as reported by States, on bonded and current indebtedness for 1930 was $92,535,880 in contrast to $140,234,782 in 1932. The respective amounts reported by bienniums since 1932 reveal decreases, with the significant decrease of approxi¬ mately $19,000,000 from 1936 to 1938. It is likely that the pro¬ nounced increase in these payments from 1930 to 1934 was to a large extent due to short-term loans of school systems to pay salaries (table XV). The formulation of more adequate programs for financ¬ ing elementary and secondary schools, the increasing stability of these programs because of increasing State participation in financing educa¬ tion, and other factors, such as a closer adherence to sound policies of budgetary procedure, accompanied by a program of refinancing outstanding bonded indebtedness at lower rates of interest are no doubt in part responsible for the reduction in this item of expense. When the payments by States were converted into payments per pupil, the interest paid per pupil in average daily attendance ranged from 69 cents in Alabama to $12.72 in New Jersey, with an average in 1938 in continental United States of $5.12. The significant reduc¬ tion in the annual amount of interest paid is probably chargeable — in part, at least to the decrease in short-term loans since 1932. 246227°— 41 - 4 Table XV. — Amount of school debt , interest payments , by State and by pupil in average daily attendance for years given 42 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 OT2 > *-H © 05 GO ’ 00 • © © 1 © t-H © ^ 1 ©" of of of .rHOONW ^N©Tf lO 5 03 © CO © H -,dH CO © CO -H©0«j^ <-h©oo© ©©oo©© - oo © c 3 co CO © c J CM 00 00 CO . . . ^ u- © © oo © co c © © rH 00 © © CM ^ CM © Tt< CM © CO © rHN©COOO CM © CM ^ CM CO Tt< CO © rH © CO ^ 00 rH CM rH ^ rHOlOO rH (M C3 ^ C fl .5 a> © © © © © ^ © rH rH co* Tt? cm* © ) H N 03 © T#H* CM* CM* CD rH* 00 00 cm CO t»C0©t^© CO* b- © © © © (NOONrH (NNWCOOO 00t^©© CD 00 CD © C4 CM* CM* © © ©©00H© © © r- 1 rH rH (M rH T-H CM © © CM CM © © C Tf lO (N rH N 00 C co cm co oo * CM © © © © C co' CD 1-T r-T ©" * © TT oo co © © - CO © 00 rH 00 © I cm" of co" ©" rr" co" T CM CM © CM CO .© CO CM rS?8“®“ rH CO r-( © 1-H © CO rf CM © © CO © c © ^ ^ © t © ©'of lO < CO © CO © HCOHHH oo" r-T CD" TtT UJ V T “J V.N ©CM © © © cm" ©" co" oo 05 co © ^ HNHCO© ©CM © CM © ^ © © oo © ©oo © ©f of 00 r-T © © © © 00 © © © 5 S' 5 t'- © iT8 CO © ©" ©" cm" oo" 00 CO 00 — 00 © © © ©-H © © rH © © l©HN( i © © - !SS§: © © i—i © CM © © CM CM © ^ © 00 oo"^"oo"t-"cM" CO CO CO © Tf Tt< © CO © CM © CCTt^ © © o* © l>* oo © © u- © © c ) © © CO H H «5 t" ® CT> > ” 2 ^ "3 « S.H c3 Q, ■g a—; os «» 1 « 3 S« §.2 §5 g a E8 g£ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 43 4. 35 2. 64 12. 72 2. 78 12. 02 3.80 5. 09 8. 49 4. 79 5. 29 4. 38 11. 51 2. 79 5. 66 .91 4. 82 3. 59 1.00 1.32 3.63 1.31 .92 4. 76 ; i : 4. 66 2. 94 13. 27 2. 88 12. 76 4.51 5. 64 8. 79 4. 90 6. 20 4.59 11. 14 2. 69 4. 65 3. 09 4. 85 3. 96 2.03 2. 74 4. 62 1. 65 2.91 4. 87 8. 66 4. 13 14. 80 4. 08 13. 47 4. 99 5. 87 10.71 1. 38 4. 65 4. 99 10. 94 3. 09 6. 63 1. 21 6. 21 4. 40 2.41 1. 39 6. 08 1.70 1. 55 1. 01 74, 892 176, 709 8, 394, 264 280, 539 24, 431, 905 2, 934, 873 630, 693 9, 740, 015 2, 360, 555 906, 740 7, 463, 514 1, 206, 773 1, 092, 967 626, 704 472, 417 5, 295, 575 447, 821 60, 219 651, 102 1, 020, 494 521, 555 464, 064 226, 368 24, 786 77, 512 201, 346 9, 071, 747 269, 071 25, 492, 587 3, 427, 301 710, 562 10, 283, 901 2, 437, 433 1, 013, 797 8, 028, 292 1, 164, 319 989, 896 594, 801 1, 592, 034 5, 230, 385 496, 050 120, 885 1, 340, 427 1, 274, 300 649, 545 1,483, 951 226, 368 141, 922 283, 598 10, 239, 222 341, 650 26, 376, 605 3, 633, 000 848, 643 12, 628, 915 679, 096 916, 614 8, 662, 634 1, 159, 999 1, 153, 852 911, 296 608, 892 6, 567, 672 559, 861 140, 000 669, 358 1, 750, 103 625, 000 792, 620 47, 905 67. 80 64.01 271. 56 59. 59 315. 09 83.90 95. 88 167. 45 105. 68 96. 95 168. 11 293. 73 46. 08 114. 38 62. 59 110. 51 80. 81 43. 07 61. 83 84.41 31. 19 28. 63 130. 11 : ; gg^gS 2SS3S3 S38 i SESSg ggs'gg i 140. 23 88. 98 319. 61 81.17 329. 59 82.39 106. 67 190. 02 58. 19 124. 90 164. 04 276. 99 50. 96 124. 18 61.82 124. 19 94. 97 49. 85 42. 88 127. 38 48. 96 80. 46 158. 30 1, 168, 122 4, 291, 683 179, 239, 874 6, 017, 520 640, 421, 506 64, 771, 884 11, 889, 721 192, 209, 005 52, 092, 858 16, 663, 921 286, 656, 229 30, 786, 582 18, 030, 712 12, 672, 909 32, 392, 936 121, 482, 617 10, 090, 344 2, 605, 451 30, 500, 000 23, 756, 207 12, 426, 400 14, 507, 312 6, 192, 218 1,899,111 5, 033, 813 201, 171, 457 5, 721, 700 606, 900, 985 90, 016, 466 13, 295, 936 202, 649, 869 55, 450, 748 19, 649, 668 276, 411, 679 28, 223, 182 17, 999, 725 13, 819, 438 32, 392, 936 128, 223, 915 12, 108, 903 2, 667, 695 30, 500, 000 26, 000, 098 12, 077, 400 34, 947, 552 6, 012, 859 2, 299, 358 6, 106, 096 221, 157, 472 6, 790, 400 645, 381, 591 60, 000, 000 15, 429, 883 224, 006, 631 i 28, 700, 000 24, 632, 758 284, 700, 589 29, 358, 967 19, 046, 260 17, 070, 469 31, 092, 126 131, 353, 449 12, 092, 458 2, 899, 481 i 20, 694, 000 36, 651, 009 18, 000, 000 41, 055, 587 7, 543, 737 Nevada _ New Hampshire _ New Jersey _ _ . New Mexico. .. . . New York _ North Carolina.. . North Dakota _ Ohio _ _ _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ _ Pennsylvania _ ... . Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ South Dakota _ Tennessee _ _ _ . Texas _ Utah _ Vermont _ _ .. .. Virginia... _ ... _ _ ... Washington _ _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ _ Wyoming _ _ District of Columbia _ Outlying part of the United States Puerto Rico _ I 44 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 8tate Miss - * 1/ Ala . .69 Ky . .87 Term,.,, .91 WlS . .92 vt . 1.00 Oa . 1.12 I. Va... 1.31 Va . 1.32 He . 1.35 Minn. . . . 1.36 Del . 1.56 Mont.... 2.04 Mass.... 2.37 Ark . 2.59 N. H.... 2.64 Nebr.... 2.73 N. Uex.. 2.78 S. 0.... 2.79 Ind . 3.15 Utah.... 3.59 La . 3.59 Wash. . . . 3.63 N. 0.... 3.80 Idaho... 3.84 Mo . 4.13 Iowa. . . • 4.28 Mioh. . . . 4.29 Nev . *.35 Pa . 4.38 Wyo . 4.76 Okla. . , « 4.79 Texas.. . 4.82 H. Dak.. 5.09 Oreg. ... 5.28 Kane. . . . 5.32 S. Dak.. 5 .66 Oolo.... 5.87 Conn.... 6.09 Md . 6.50 Ill . 7.H Fla . 7.93 Arlz.... 8.11 Ohio.... 8. 49 Oallf... 8.91 R. 1.... 11.51 N. ?.. .. 12.02 IT. J.... 12.72 Interest Paid per Pupil In Average Dally Attendance 0 5 10 15 Figure 7.— Interest paid per pupil in average daily attendance, by State, 1937-38. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 45 Capital Outlay The amount spent for school sites and new buildings and equipment in 1938 was $238, 853, 496. 2 This represents approximately two-thirds of the corresponding expenditures in 1930 and about four times those in 1934. When converted into expenditures per pupil in average daily attendance, the amounts spent for this unit in continental United States in 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938 were, respectively, $17.44, $2.64, $7.68, and $10.71. Debt Service Payments of school indebtedness in the form of bonds and short¬ term loans are made from current and from sinking funds. These payments amounted, in 1938, to $283,846,442 in contrast to $204,- 682,410 in 1936. The amount paid in 1938 was almost double the amount in 1930 when these payments totaled $144,950,229. Figures showing the respective amounts paid in 1938 from current and sinking funds are not available. These are to be separately reported in 1940. Cost per Pupil These costs have been determined on three bases, namely: Current expense, excluding interest; current expense, including interest; and current expense, plus interest and capital outlay. On the basis of current expense minus interest the cost per pupil in average daily attendance in the public elementary and secondary day schools in the 48 States and the District of Columbia was $83.87 in 1938 in contrast to $67.48 in 1934, and $86.70 in 1930. This cost per pupil exceeds the national average in 22 States. Of this number, 11 States reported an average cost in excess of $100 per pupil. Although in continental United States there was an increase of 12.9 percent in this cost per pupil from 1936 to 1938, it should be noted that this cost in 1938 was less by 3.3 percent than that in 1930. From 1930 to 1934 there was a noticeable decrease in all States with the decrease ranging from 2.4 percent in Delaware to 43.6 percent in North Carolina. With the exception of North Dakota, with a decrease of 0.8 percent, there was an increase in this cost from 1936 to 1938. On the basis of current expense plus interest the cost per pupil in average daily attendance was $88.98 in 1938 and $80.26 in 1936. Including the corresponding unit expenditure for capital outlay this cost per pupil in 1938 was $99.70. A comparison of current expense payments and per capita costs derived on the bases of expenditures per unit of population (general) per pupil enrolled and per pupil in average daily attendance reveals a general upward trend since 1934 in expenditures for public elementary 2 Local reporting units generally account only for those funds for capital outlay derived from local and from State sources. Grants from Federal emergency funds for buildings were probably excluded from their reports to the State. 40 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7 38 State Percent -50 -40 -3C ) -2C ) -10 0 10 20 , 30 4< 3 50 Okla . 45-9 ■ ATK . 28.8 : 3 H. 0 . 27.3 ■i La . 27.1 ■ Ga . 21.8 - Wash . 21.6 ■■ , Ill . 20.5 Ala . 20.2 Texas . 18.6 Vt . I8.5 “3 Mo . 17.0 II Pa . 16.5 ■ Tenn . 16.2 ■ H. J . 15.9 ■ Conn . 15.1 ■ 8. C . 14.1 ■ Calif . 13.7 ■ Arlz . 13.3 l Mich . 13.3 "•r;% ■ Or eg . 12.9 ■ N. Rex - 12.9 1 *y . 12.6 1 Wis . 11.8 ‘ 1 Utah . 11.6 Ind . 11.5 1 Fla . 11.2 Iowa . 11.1 — N. Y . 10.1 Me . 9.3 Hebr . 9.1 — 1 H. H . 8.8 Ya . 8.7 ggg Kan a . 8.7 Idaho . 8.4 IHi Mont . 8.1 J Minn . 6.7 6.1 bbh S. Dak.... ■1 lid . 5.6 5-1 4.6 m Maas . Ohio . H W. Ta . *.5 4.5 4.2 ■ Nev . ■ Del . ■ Wvo . 4.2 ■ R. I . 3.4 1.8 ■ MiSS _ .a r p. C* . 0.8 Colo. . . . . . 0.2 N. Dak - -0.8 U. 8 . 12.9 j 1_ m Figure 8.-Percentage increase or decrease in per capita costs for current expense, by State, from to 1938. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 47 State Pe 0 UlSB . $ 2S.35 Ark . 34.21 Ala . 34.96 Ga . 38. S3 S. C . 39.31 Term . 42.5 2 N. C . 43.39 Va . 43.63 Ky . 45.36 La . 57.6s Me . 61.71 W. Va _ 61.S6I Fla . 67. S4 | Okla . 62.04 | Texas. . . . 70.24 | Nebr . R. Mex... 74.0S | Mo . 74. S2 | Kane . Utah . Vt . Idaho. . .. 7S.S4 | H. Dak... 79.94 | Ind . SO.15I Md . 85.431 I ova . Wie . 91.301 Oxeg . Colo . Minn . Mich . Ohio . S. H . S. Dak... Pa . 97.20 | Arlz . Mont . Del . 106.20 | Wash . R. I . Conn . Wyo . 110.66 | Ill . 110.S9 | Mass . D. 0 . Hev . H. J . Calif.... H. T . U. 8 . SS.99 1 Figure 9. Per capita cost per pupil in average daily attendance for current expense, including interest, by State, 1937-28. 48 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 and secondary schools for the Nation as a whole. It should be noted, of course, that the expenditures referred to are those expended through the regularly constituted local and State educational agencies. An analysis of State averages of these expenditures shows marked variations among States with a range in cost of approximately $30 per pupil in Mississippi to approximately $160 in New York. An effort is being made by States to report certain data relating to personnel and finance by the following types of school organization: Elementary schools, including kindergartens; separately organized junior and senior high schools; junior-senior high schools under one organization; and regular and vocational high schools. Data reflect¬ ing the total and the unit instructional costs are shown for States reporting (table 40). Although less than one-half of the States reported these data for 1938, the tabulations do reveal instructional costs by levels in organization in a given State. The per pupil costs are unit expenditures determined on the basis of instructional salaries only. Marked variations are noted in these costs among States; for example, the instructional salary cost per pupil in average daily attendance in elementary schools in Mississippi and Arkansas was $10 and $17, respectively, and in California and New Jersey $69 and $74, respectively. Similar variations are found in the remaining sections of this table. No doubt variations among school districts of some States are just as marked as those noted. School Property Value of School Property The value of public property used for school purposes, as reported by the 48 States and the District of Columbia, was $7,115,377,402 in 1938. Of this amount, $5,686,465,493 was assigned as value of school sites and buildings and $585,812,157 as value of equipment, including furniture, laboratory apparatus, libraries, etc. Figures representing value of all property used for school purposes are included (table 24) for all States, but figures representing values on the basis of the two aforementioned classifications are included only for those States that supplied data accordingly. Other data in this table point out by States average values of prop¬ erty used for school purposes per pupil 5-17 years of age, per pupil enrolled, per pupil in average daily attendance, and per unit of general population. For continental United States, these averages for 1938, in the order named above, were: $231, $274, $319, and $55. The range in the average value of school property per unit of general population was from $18 each in Arkansas and Tennessee to $84 in New York. In five States, namely, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee, this average was less than $25, while in STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 49 two States, namely, New York and New Jersey, it was $84 and $80, respectively. Number of School Buildings Of the 229,394 school buildings in use in 1938 in the 48 States and the District of Columbia, 121,178, or 52.8 percent, were one-room buildings. During the 10-year period ending 1938, the number of one-room buildings decreased from 153,306 to 121,178, and the num¬ ber of buildings in use for school purposes decreased from 255,551 to 229,394. The number of buildings in use and the number of one-room buildings are reported below by bienniums for the 10-year period. Number of Number of Number of Number of Year buildings 1-room Year buildings 1-room in use buildings in use buildings 1938--- 229, 394 121, 178 1932 _ 245, 941 248, 117 255, 551 143, 445 148, 712 153, 306 1936 237, 816 242, 929 130, 708 1930--. 1934 138, 542 1928 _ As already indicated, 52.8 percent of the buildings in use in 1938 were one-room buildings. The percentage of the school buildings in 1938 that were one-room buildings ranges from 7.2 percent in Utah to 88 percent in South Dakota. One-half or more of the school buildings in use in 20 States were one- teacher schools. School Debt There has been a reduction of approximately 10 percent since 1932 in the total amount of indebtedness as reflected by outstanding bonds and other forms of indebtedness. In 1932 the total amount of this indebtedness was $3,121,538,276; in 1936, $3,043,125,380; and in 1938, $2,832,050,566. In this connection, it should be noted that previous to 1936 a number of States reported indebtedness for cities only. Thus, comparisons based on 1932 data are not entirely accu¬ rate, but probably reveal trends. A number of States reported sig¬ nificant decreases in their respective total school indebtedness. Among these are: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connec¬ ticut, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, Ohio, Oregon, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. From 1936 to 1938 there was a decrease of approximately $10 in the average amount of indebtedness per pupil in average daily attend¬ ance in continental United States, with an indebtedness of $127.01 per pupil in 1938. This outstanding indebtedness per pupil in attend¬ ance ranged from $21.70 in Mississippi to $315.09 in New York. In 10 States this debt per pupil was less than $50, and in 10 States it exceeded the average indebtedness per pupil of $127.01 in continental United States. 50 [BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-38 State C 3. Dak.. 88. 0 N. Dak.. 82.5 Nebr.... 79.2 Minn. . . . 77. 8 Mont .... 75.2 Iowa. . . . 75-1 Ill . 7M Wis . 7*.i Mo . 70.4 Vt . 68.1 Me . 68.0 Kane .... 67-7 Nev . 66.0 W. Va... 65.5 Mioh. ... 59.2 Ky . 57*2 Ark . 54.7 Wyo . 54.4 Oreg. . . . 51.7 Colo.... 50.3 Idaho... 49.3 N. H.... 48.9 Pa . ^7.9 N. Y.... 47.2 Va . 46.2 Ala . 46.0 Tenn. . . . 45.0 Oa . 42.8 Okla. ... 41.9 N . Mex.. 41.6 Miss.... 39.9 Md. . 39.2 Ind . 35.2 Del . 3^.7 Wash. . . . 31.9 Ohio.... 28.6 Fla . 28.2 S. C.... 27.7 N. 0.... 27.7 La . 27.6 Oonn. ... 25.0 Texas... 22.4 Axis.... 19.1 Oalif... 17.5 R. I.... 11.7 Mass. . . . 9-7 H. J.... 8.3 Utah. . . . 7.2 D. 0.... 0.6 U. 8.... 52.8 Peroent of All Buildings that axe One-Room 20 40 60 SO Figure 10.— Percentage of all school buildings in each State that are one-room, 1937-38, STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 51 Figure li. — School debt outstanding per pupil in average daily attendance, by State, 1937-38. 52 BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 From 1936 to 1938 there was a decrease of approximately $19,000,000 in continental United States in the amount of interest paid by States on this indebtedness. From 1932 to 1938 there was a decrease of more than $26,000,000 in these interest payments. States previously referred to as reporting significant reductions in total indebtedness from 1932 to 1938 showed consequent reductions in amounts of inter¬ est paid per unit. These interest payments per pupil in average daily attendance decreased in the Nation from $6.30 in 1932 to $5.96 in 1936, and to $5.12 in 1938. These payments per pupil in average daily attendance ranged in 1938 from 69 cents in Alabama to $12.72 in New Jersey. For that year, 4 States each reported a per-pupil expenditure of interest payments of less than $1. Of the 15 States each with an expenditure in excess of $5 per pupil, 3, namely, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island, each reported interest payments of more than $10 per pupil in average daily attendance. Negro Schools The 17 States and the District of Columbia which maintain sepa¬ rate schools for white and Negro pupils reported as nearly as possible for white and N egro schools information relating to school population, enrollment and attendance of pupils, length of school term, pupils, teachers, supervisors, and principals, and related items (tables 41-47). School Population and Enrollment The number of white and of Negro children, 5-17 years of age, inclusive, in 1938 was 8,942,822 and 2,988,300, respectively. These represent 75 and 25 percent, respectively, of the total population, 5-17 years of age, inclusive, in the aforementioned 17 States and the District of Columbia. In 1938 the number of white children, 5-17 years of age, inclusive, enrolled in the public elementary and secondary schools in these States was 7,683,000, and of Negro children of the same age, 2,411,967. The ratio of enrollment in the public elementary and secondary schools to the school population was 85.9 percent for white and 80.7 percent for Negro pupils. The following tabulation presents for 1930, 1934, 1936, and 1938, respectively, figures showing white and Negro population, 5-17 years of age, inclusive, enrollment in elementary and secondary schools, and STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 53 number of teachers, supervisors, and principals reported in terms of the number of positions. 1930 1934 1936 1938 White Negro White Negro White Negro White Negro 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Population 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive _ 8, 328, 914 2, 902, 657 9, 262, 600 2, 904, 100 9, 239, 000 2, 946, 200 8, 942, 822 2, 988, 300 Percent of school population 74.2 25.8 76.1 23.9 75.8 24.2 75.0 25.0 Enrollment in elementary and secondary schools - 7, 444, 731 2, 282, 578 7, 648, 815 2, 430, 098 7, 774, 648 2, 438, 981 7, 683, 000 2, 411, 967 Ratio of enrollment in public school to school popula¬ tion. _ - 0.894 0.786 0.826 0.837 0.842 0. 828 0. 859 0. 807 Number of teachers, super¬ visors, and principals _ 215, 472 51, 455 230, 327 55,200 247, 628 58, 858 258, 726 61, 729 In 1920 there were enrolled in the kindergarten and grades 1-8, inclusive, of the public schools of the District of Columbia and the 17 States listed in table 43, 2,070,374 Negro pupils; in 1930, 2,169,992; in 1936, 2,250,045; and in 1938, 2,204,083. For each of the 4 years noted, the number of Negro pupils enrolled in the high-school grades, 9-12, inclusive, and the postgraduate year, was 33,341, 112,586, 188,936, and 207,884. Since 1920 there has been a consistent increase in the number of Negro pupils continuing as public-school enrollees after their completion of the elementary grades. During this period of time the number of Negro pupils enrolled in the public high schools has increased approximately 500 percent. When considering the distribution by grades of Negro pupils en¬ rolled, we find for 1938 that 28.4 percent of the total in public schools were in the first grade and 13.3 percent, 12.5 percent, and 11.4 percent, respectively, in grades 2,3, and 4. Another way of stating this would be that about 28 out of each 100 Negro pupils were enrolled in the first grade, and about 65 out of each 100 in grades 1-4, inclusive. In contrast, about 15 of each 100 white pupils were enrolled in the first grade, and about 46 of each 100 in grades 1-4, inclusive. From 1930 to 1938 the proportion of Negro pupils enrolled in grades 5-8, inclusive, was increased from approximately 22 to nearly 26 of each 100 Negro pupils in the public schools. For this same period there was a marked increase in the proportion of the total enrollment in the public schools in the high-school grades 9-12, inclusive. As already reported, the number of Negro pupils enrolled in high schools increased from 112,586 in 1930 to 207,884 in 1938. The percentage distribution in the States and the District of Columbia of white and Negro pupils by grades for 1930, 1932, 1934, 54 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 1936, and 1938 are shown in the following tabulation for elementary and secondary schools. Grade White Negro 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Elementary: Kindergarten „ _ 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 First _ 19.1 17.7 16.6 15.8 14.8 34.4 33.5 32.8 30.1 28.4 Second ... 11.8 11.7 11.0 10.9 10.7 14.7 14.2 13.8 13.8 13.3 Third _ 11.5 11.2 11.0 10.7 10.5 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.5 Fourth ... 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.5 10.3 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.3 11.4 Fifth _ 9.6 9.7 9.9 10.0 9.8 8.9 9.0 8.9 9.3 9.5 Sixth _ 8.8 8.7 8.8 9.2 9.1 6.6 6.8 7.0 7.4 7.7 Seventh ... . . . 7.6 7.6 8.2 8.3 8.5 4.6 5.0 5.2 5.6 6.0 Eighth _ 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.3 Secondary: First _ 5.8 6.1 6.3 6.7 7.0 2.1 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.3 Second .. 4.4 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 Third _ 3.3 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.7 .9 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.7 Fourth _ 2.5 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.9 .6 .8 .9 1.0 1.2 Postgraduate . 1 .1 . 1 . 1 Total _ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Attendance and Length of School Term The number of Negro children in average daily attendance in 1938 was 1,889,796; in 1934, 1,893,995; and in 1930, 1,645,518. This represents an increase of approximately 250,000 in the average daily attendance of Negro pupils during the 4-year period ending in 1934, with a slight decrease during the 4-year period beginning in 1934. The distribution of the number of pupils in attendance was reported by elementary schools, and by reorganized, regular, and vocational high schools. The percentage of Negro pupils in average daily attendance in 1938, for the group of States reporting, was 78, with a range from 74 in Mississippi to 91 in West Virginia. The percentage of white pupils was 83, with a range from 77 in Oklahoma to 90 in West Virginia. The following tabulation shows the average number of days at¬ tended by Negro and white pupils, respectively in 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938: Year White Negro Year White Negro 1930 128 97 1936 _ 136 113 1932 _ 133 103 1938 _ 141 120 1934 _ _ _ 134 111 For the 17 States referred to and the District of Columbia the average length of the school term in days was 153 for Negroes and 170 for whites. In several of the States, the length of the term for white and for Negro schools is approximately the same. The same number of days of school were available in 1938 to white and to Negro pupils in Delaware, the District of Columbia, North Carolina, and West Virginia. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 55 Teachers and Pupils A distribution of Negro teachers by sex, by elementary schools, and by reorganized, regular, and vocational high schools is reported (table 47). The 2,411,967 Negro pupils enrolled in the public schools in 1938 were accommodated by 60,641 teachers and 1,088 supervisors and principals. Of the 60,641 teachers 11,480 were men and 49,161 were women. In 1938 the average number of pupils enrolled per member of instructional staff in these States was approximately 40. In contrast, the number of white pupils enrolled per teacher was approximately 30. The average number of Negro pupils enrolled per teacher ranged from 28.5 in Oklahoma to 48.7 in Mississippi. Five States, namely, Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina, reported the average number of Negro pupils enrolled per teacher in excess of 40. For each of the years indicated the following tabulation presents by States ratios in terms of number of white and Negro pupils, respec¬ tively, enrolled per member of instructional staff. It also shows for the same years the average for the group. State White Negro 1930 1 1932 1934 1936 1938 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 * 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Alabama.. . 33.2 36.9 34.7 32.6 31.8 46.1 47. 5 48.9 45.8 42.2 Arkansas. . . . _ 33. 1 36.6 36.7 34.4 34.0 43.9 44.8 46.5 45.7 45.0 Delaware... . _ .. . 29.3 28.7 28.4 26.8 26. 1 33.2 32.9 32.6 31.1 29.9 Florida _ _ . 29.4 31.4 33.5 29.9 27.6 39.8 39.3 40.2 35.0 32.5 Georgia _ ... 34.1 34.2 34.3 32.2 28.9 46.0 47.6 48.0 44.0 39.9 Kentucky _ 38.7 28.1 37.0 33.7 33.0 34.9 30.4 34.2 34.1 30.4 Louisiana _ . . ... 30.4 31.0 31.9 29.5 28.7 51.8 50.4 51.0 48.6 43.0 Maryland _ . . . 31.1 32.2 28.8 33.4 32.3 34.6 35.4 37.9 35.8 35.0 Mississippi _ 32.9 29.9 40. 1 34.7 29.0 49.4 50.5 50. 1 50.0 48.7 Missouri _ 27.0 27.7 29.5 27.5 26.9 28.7 30.0 33.7 33.2 32.5 North Carolina. .. . . 34.7 36.5 38.2 35.5 34.0 44.1 43.9 44.0 39.5 38.4 Oklahoma _ 34.6 37.4 33.7 34.9 31.4 33.2 33.5 39.9 31.0 28.5 South Carolina _ _ 27.9 29.7 31.0 29.3 28.9 i 49.0 48.7 49.4 44.3 42.1 Tennessee ... . 31.9 32.2 33.1 32.8 27.3 51.1 39.7 40.5 39.4 36.7 Texas _ 36.2 30.0 30.2 28.3 27.5 39.6 41.2 39.6 37.6 35.8 Virginia. . _ 32.3 33.0 33.9 33. 1 33.7 : 40.4 40.9 41.4 39. 1 36.8 West Virginia 25.8 32.6 28.4 26.8 25. 7 26.8' 29.6 28.9 District of Columbia _ 29.2 31.9 32.6 31.8 30.4 _ 31.0 34.6 35.9 34.4 34.8 Average _ 34. 5 32.2 32.2 31.4 29.7 44.4 43.4 44.0 41.4 39.7 Some Statistics for Schools in Urban and Rural Areas There is a continuing demand for separate statistics relating to public schools in urban and rural areas, respectively. The collection of statistics on schools in rural areas to show totals by States and for the Nation has been found to be most involved. Some State depart¬ ments of education, in compiling educational statistics do not separate urban from rural; others that do separate these statistics use varying bases for classifying school communities. In several States, cities, 56 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 and towns are integral parts, for educational purposes, of a larger subdivision of the State, such as the county, serving as the basic unit of local school administration. Often the boundaries of city school units extend beyond municipal boundaries to include nonurban terri¬ tory. Reports from many city school systems include pupil data for nonresident pupils, especially secondary school pupils from schools in rural areas. There is no definition of “rural” schools commonly accepted by the 48 States. For purposes of this report, schools in communities with a popula¬ tion of 2,500 or more are considered urban and those in communities with a population of less than 2,500 rural. According to the United States Census for 1930 there are approximately 3,150 towns and cities each with a population of 2,500 or more. Of this number, about 2,900 serve as local units of school administration and render reports to their respective State departments of education and to the United States Office of Education. Statistics for the remaining 250 cities are included in the reports of the local school administrative units comprising these urban communities for school purposes. Totals for States and for the entire country for urban areas represented were obtained from the educational statistics submitted to the United States Office of Education by those cities serving as local school administrative units. To these totals were added statistical estimates made by the United States Office of Education for those cities (approx¬ imately 250) included for school purposes in larger administrative units. These derived estimates for urban areas were subtracted from the statistical totals for urban and rural areas combined as reported by the 48 State departments of education. Although it is recognized that educational statistics for rural areas cannot be obtained exactly by subtracting urban totals from State totals, including urban and rural, it is probably the most reliable method available now for ob¬ taining a statistical picture for the remainder of the country classed as rural. Data in tables 48 to 55, derived as just indicated, should therefore be considered as approximations. As a result of the recent cooperative study of school records and reports conducted by the United States Office of Education and the State departments of education, new data have become available for small schools. Since the majority of small schools are in rural terri¬ tory, data for small school situations indicate rural educational conditions. While these data were reported by varying numbers of States and while the method of reporting was not always comparable among States, they reveal the presence of certain conditions in small (usually rural) schools if not the complete extent of these conditions. This information not previously reported to this Office shows the size of administrative units by number of teachers, the size of small STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 57 schools by number of teachers and number of pupils, the size of one- teacher schools in terms of pupil membership and number of grades taught, the supervisory load of principals and head teachers, and the extent to which certain school services are provided at public expense. These new data are given in tables 56 to 60, inclusive. As more com¬ parable data are reported by a larger number of States, they will become more meaningful. Since the size of the school administrative unit in many cases determines the size of the individual schools, especially in rural areas where the schools are small, separate data are given for five different types of administrative organization. Table XVI. — Comparison of urban and rural public schools Continental United States Schools Urban Rural 1 2 3 4 Population, 1930 _ _ _ 122, 775, 046 68, 954, 823 53, 820, 223 Population 5-17 (both inclusive), 1930 _ _ _ 31, 571, 322 15, 685, 345 15, 885, 977 Number of school buildings-. . _ _ 229, 394 26, 889 202, 505 Number of teaching positions: i Men _ 184, 923 77, 824 107, 099 Women.. _ _ _ _ _ 690, 562 329, 833 360, 729 Total _ 2 877, 266 2 409,438 467,828 Percent of men teachers .. _ 21.1 19.1 22.9 Enrollment: Boys. _ _ _ _ 13, 185, 970 6, 733, 424 6, 452, 546 Girls _ _ _ _ 12, 789, 138 6, 568, 895 6, 220, 243 Total _ 25, 975, 108 13,302,319 12,672,789 Aggregate days attended. _ . -- _ 3, 877, 815, 957 2, 096, 308, 267 1, 781, 507, 690 Average daily attendance - . . . _ 22, 298, 200 11, 553, 496 10, 744, 704 Average personnel to a school building: Instructional staff (supervisors principals, and teachers) _ _ _ _ _________ 4.0 16.0 2.4 Number of pupils enrolled _ _____ 113.2 494.7 62.6 Number of pupils enrolled to a teaching position _ 29.6 32.5 27.1 Average length of school term _ _ _ . 173.9 181.4 165.8 Number attending daily for each 100 enrolled _ _ 85.8 86.9 84.8 Average number of days attended by eacn pupil enrolled. _ . 149.3 157.6 140.6 Instructional staff: Number of positions ._ _ _ _ _ 918, 715 430, 819 487, 896 Total salaries _ _ _ $1, 262, 391, 621 $841, 085, 636 $421, 305, 985 Average salary _ _ __ _ _ _ $1,374 $1, 952 $864 Current expense, less interest: Total amount.. _ _ _ $1, 870, 089, 658 $1, 155, 863, 599 $714, 226, 059 Per pupil in average daily attendance _ _ $83. 87 $100. 04 $66. 47 Interest payments: Total amount. _ _ _ 2 $114, 102, 250 $92, 469, 609 $28, 423, 483 Per pupil in average daily attendance. _ $5. 12 $8.00 $2.65 Capital outlay: Total amount. ___. _ _ _ 4 $238, 853, 496 $128, 600, 883 $110,837, 167 Per pupil in average daily attendance _ $10. 71 $11. 13 $10. 32 Total expenditure less bond- and short-time loan pay¬ ments: Total amount. ____ _ _ _ ‘$2,233,110, 054 $1, 391, 295, 282 $842, 399, 226 Per unit of population _ __ _ _ _ __ $17. 15 $20. 18 $15. 65 Indebtedness: Total amount ._ _______ _ _ _ 2 $2, 832, 050, 566 $2, 052, 514, 000 $830, 416, 573 Per pupil in average daily attendance _ _ $127 $178 $77 Estimated value of property: Total amount _ _ _ ___ $7,115, 377, 729 $5, 004, 387, 000 $2, 110, 990, 729 Per pupil enrolled.. _ _ _ ___ _. $274 $376 $167 1 Supervisors and principals not included when given separately. 5 Includes 1,781 other instructional staff not divided by sex. 2 Does not include $6,790,842 reported by cities to us but not included in report of State. 4 Does not include $584,554 reported by cities to us but not included in report of State. s Does not include $50,8S0,007 reported by cities to us but not included in report of State. 246227° — 41 - 5 58 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Enrollment and attendance. — The urban and rural enrollments for 1935-36 compared with 1933-34 are partly influenced by the migra¬ tions from the city to the country, as well as by changes in birth rates and transportation of rural children to urban schools, and conse¬ quently show a decrease in urban and an increase in rural school enrollments. The enrollment data for 1937-38 compared with those for 1935-36 are influenced by the reversal of this migration trend, the cities having gained 51,620 in enrollment and the rural territory having lost 443,610 pupils. Even with this recent gain, the cities have about 100,000 fewer pupils in 1938 than in 1934 and the rural schools, approximately 350,000 fewer. The proportions of the total enroll¬ ment that are urban (51.2 percent) and rural (48.8 percent) are the same for 1938 as for 1932. The enrollment data by urban and rural schools are given in the following table: Year Enrollment Attendance United States Urban Rural United States Urban Rural > 2 3 4 5 6 7 1929-30 _ 1931-32. . 25, 678, 015 26, 275, 441 26, 434, 193 26, 367, 098 25, 975, 108 12, 790, 023 13, 453, 838 13, 410, 172 13, 250, 699 13, 302, 319 12, 887, 992 12, 821, 603 13, 024, 021 13, 116, 399 12, 672, 789 21, 264, 886 22, 245, 344 22, 458, 190 22, 298, 767 22, 298, 200 10, 790, 283 11, 625, 461 11, 564, 069 11, 406, 380 11, 553, 496 10, 474, 603 10, 619, 883 10, 894, 121 10, 892 387 10, 744, 704 1933-34 _ 1935-36 _ 1937-38 . The percentage of pupils in average daily attendance based on the total enrollment is larger for 1938 than for 1930, or any year since. It increased in urban schools from 84.4 percent in 1930 to 86.9 per¬ cent in 1938 and in rural schools from 81.5 percent in 1930 to 84.8 percent in 1938. Membership data are not yet available from a large enough number of States to use for calculation purposes. The above percentages in attendance are based on enrollment, which includes each child registered whether for part or all the term, and not on membership or number belonging, which is the average number in attendance plus the average number absent. The percentages are, therefore, lower than they would be if calculated on the basis of membership. Length oj school term and days attended. — The number of States having urban schools with terms of 180 days or more increased from 16 in 1936 to 19 in 1938 and the number of States with rural schools having the same length of term, from 5 to 6. Only 2 States show any decrease in the length of term in urban and 2 in rural schools. The following distribution shows the number of States having designated average urban and rural school terms in 1938: STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 59 Average length of school term in days Number of States Average length of school term in days Number of States By urban districts By rural districts By urban districts By rural districts 1 2 3 > 2 3 190 or rpnre 1 140-149.9 _ 2 180-189.9 - - _ 18 6 130-139.9 _ 1 1 7A_1 7Q Q 28 21 1 4 - - 160-169 9 - _ 1 12 Total _ 48 48 150-159.9 - 6 The higher percentage of attendance has resulted in an increase in the average number of days attended by each pupil enrolled. There were apparent decreases in 12 States in urban schools and in 11 States in rural schools. Because of the margin of error in these calculated figures, slight decreases may not have any significance. The number of States with an average of 160 days or more in urban schools increased from 8 in 1936 to 13 in 1938. For rural schools this number increased from 7 to 10 States. From 1936 to 1938 the number of days attended by each pupil enrolled increased from 156.3 to 157.6 for urban schools and from 136.1 to 140.6 for rural schools. The following shows, for 1938, the number of States in which pupils in urban and rural districts attended a certain number of days: Average number of days attended Number of States Average number of days attended Number of States By urban districts By rural districts By urban districts By rural districts 1 2 3 1 2 3 170 or more 1 120-129.9 _ 6 160-169.9 13 9 110-119.9 _ 4 150-159.9 20 12 100-109.9 140-14Q Q 13 2 10 4 liiniiit.y - 130-139.9. Total - _ 48 147 1 New Jersey not included. Pupil-teacher ratio. — The average number of pupils per teacher in 1938 was 32.5 for urban schools and 27.1 for rural schools. For urban schools the lowest State average was 28.7 pupils. Only 10 States had an average below 30 pupils, and only 1 State an average over 40 pupils. For rural schools the lowest State average was 15.4 with 10 States below 20 and 29 below 30. The highest State average was 37.9 pupils. Expenditures. — In 1936 the annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance was $100 or more in the urban schools of 10 States and in the rural schools of 10 States. In 1938 this cost was $100 or more per pupil in urban schools of 17 States and in rural schools of 13 States. In contrast, in 1936 the cost was less than $50 per pupil in 60 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 urban schools of 7 States and in rural schools of 12 States. In 1938 the urban schools in 5 States and rural schools in 9 States reported an 1 . Number of Pupils per Building 2. Number of Pupils Enrolled per Teacher Kind of Schools Number of Pupils per Building 1QQ 2QQ 300 ItQQ 5QQ Ki?d Schools Number of Pupils per Teacher 0_ 10_ 20_ 30 M Urban Rural 494.7 62.6 Urban Rural 3. Average Length of School Term in Days 4. Number of Days Attended by Each Pupil Enrolled Length of School Term in Day6 50 10 Kind of Schools Urban Rural Number of Days Attended 157-6 5. Average Salary of Instructional Staff 6. Instructional Salaries Kind Schools «l,952 864 Salary in Dollars 5$0_1,000_ 1.5QQ .2, — 000. Millions of Dollars -6oo aoo i,QQo Urban 5841,085, 636 Rural Schools #421,305,965 7. Annual Expenditure for Current Expense 8. Annual Expenditure for Interest Millions of Dollars 250 5Q0 750 i,oqo 1,250 Millions of Dollars Urban Schools $1,155,863,599 Rural Schools #714,226,059 Urban Schools #92,469, b09 Rural Schools $28,423,483 9. Capital Outlay 10. Total Expenditure Less Payment of Bonds and Short-time Loans Millions of Dollars Millions of Dollars c 0 6 0 90 12 >0 1 1 jQ ( 5150 700 l.C '50 1.400 1 74C Urban Schools Urban Schools n n t n ~ #126,600,883 $1,552,850,846 Rural Schools Rural 8chools ! #110,837,167 $680,259,206 mmtm l l 11. Estimated Value of School Property 12. Bonded and Other Forms of Indebtedness Billions of Dollars Urben Schools #5,004,367,000 Rural Schools #2, 110,990,729 Urban Schools #2,052,514,000 Rural Schools #830,419,573 Millions of Dollars 75° 1,250_ 1,750 2,2601 13. Annual Expenditure for Current Expense and Interest per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance Kind of Schools Urban Rural Current Expenses in Dollars a5 50 75 100 125 #108.05 #69.11 Figure 12. — Comparisons of urban and rural schools on 13 items, 1937-38. average annual cost of less than $50 per pupil in average daily at¬ tendance. The following table shows the number of States in which the annual per pupil cost in urban and rural school districts in 1938 fell within certain cost intervals: STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 61 Annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance Number of States Annual cost per pupil in average daily attendance Number i of States By urban districts By rural districts By urban districts By rural districts * 2 3 * 2 3 $120 or more _ __ . . 3 4 $60 to $69.99 . 3 7 $110 to $119.99 _ 5 5 $50 to $59.99 2 3 $100 to $109.99 _ 9 4 $40 to $49.99 _ 5 1 $90 to $99.99 _ 5 2 Less than $40 8 $80 to $89 09 7 5 $70 to $79.99 _ 9 9 Total _ _ _ . 48 48 Average salaries for the instructional staff were on a higher level in 1938 than in 1936. The number of States paying an average of $1,500 or more in urban schools increased from 22 to 26, and in rural schools from none to 3. For the United States as a whole the average salary for urban schools increased from $1,818 to $1,952 and for rural schools from $827 to $864. The following table shows, for 1938, the distribution of States by certain salary intervals: Average annual salary of instructional staff Number of States Average annual salary of instructional staff Number of States By urban districts By rural districts By urban districts By rural districts 1 2 3 1 2 3 $1,800 or more _ $1,500 to $1 799 _ 17 9 13 7 1 2 6 13 $600 to $899 _ Less than $600 _ _ _ . 2 23 3 48 $1,200 to $1 499 _ $900 to $1,199 _ Total _ 48 School buildings. — In 1938 there were 667 fewer school buildings in urban systems than in 1936 and 8,806 fewer in rural systems. The chief cause of this is the decrease of 11,635 in the number of one- room school buildings in this period. Only 52.8 percent of all build¬ ings were of the one-room type in 1938 as compared with 55.6 percent in 1936. The average enrollment of pupils per rural school building, decreased from 62.6 to 62.1, but in urban schools the average increased by over 13 pupils, from 480.9 to 494.7. The increase in the number of pupils per urban school building is caused by a decrease in the number of these buildings and by more pupils being transported to urban schools from rural territory. The smaller school buildings in small urban places are being replaced by larger consolidated schools serving the city and surrounding rural territory, thus providing space for more pupils and for an enriched school program for both urban and rural children. The following States reported an average in 1938 of fewer than 30 pupils per rural school building: Iowa, Kansas, Mon- 62 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 tana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. These are the same as in 1936, except that North Dakota is in this list in 1938, replacing Maine, which was listed in 1936. Value of school property.— New school buildings and additions to and improvement of old ones between 1936 and 1938 are reflected by an increase of more than $296,000,000 in the value of urban school property and of more than $87,000,000 in the value of rural school property. When compared with 1936, the average value of school property in 1938 had increased $21 per urban pupil and $13 per rural pupil. The average value in 1938 was $376 per urban pupil and $167 per rural pupil. Size of administrative units by number of teachers. — It has been known for a long time that there were over 120,000 one-teacher schools, but it has not been known how many of these represented the only school in the administrative unit. A distribution for 26 States of 44,015 administrative units shows that 25,587 of these are maintained for the employment of one teacher only. Table 56, section A, shows 4 States — Minnesota, Montana, New York, and Wisconsin — with approximately 5,000 or more school administrative units, each maintained for a one-teacher school. There are probably other States having similar situations for which data were not reported. There are isolated conditions in which a one-teacher school must be maintained. Whether it is necessary to maintain a separate administrative unit for this one school is questionable. The per¬ centage distribution of the administrative units in 26 States by num¬ ber of teachers was as follows: Number of teachers Number of administra¬ tive units Percent Number of teachers Number of administra¬ tive units Percent 1 2 3 > 2 3 1 _ . _ _ __ 26, 587 3, 577 1,556 1, 355 3, 871 3,231 1,299 726 60. 40 8. 13 3.54 3. 08 8. 79 7. 34 2. 95 1.65 40-49 _ 348 723 299 154 289 44, 015 0.79 1.64 .68 .35 .66 100. 00 2 50-99 _ 3 100-149 _ 4 _ - _ 150-199 . _ 5-9 200 or more _ . . 10-19... _ 20-29 _ _ - -- Total . .. - . - - . 30-39 - - Over two-thirds of the administrative units reported by these 26 States each employed either 1 or 2 teachers and more than three- fourths fewer than 5 teachers each. In what types of local administrative organizations do these small units exist? Sections B and C of table 56 show that they do not exist where the entire county is one school unit or in the county units which exclude only separately organized systems. Only 2 States, Indiana and New Hampshire, reported independent urban STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 63 units (section D) that employ fewer than 5 teachers. These small units are not numerous in this type of administrative organization, most systems having 10 or more teachers and more than half having 50 or more teachers. Half of the “other independent units” (rural) (section E) in the States reporting employed only 1 teacher and three-fourths of them employed fewer than 5 teachers. In the 4 States reporting “other units under the county board” (section I), which are school systems dependent on the county for certain administration services, three- fourths of the units employed only 1 teacher. Over 85 percent employed fewer than 5 teachers. The “district system” of local school organization, in which the administrative unit is determined by a certain number of square miles and not by the number and accessibility of pupils to a central point, is one of the chief causes of the great number of very small school administrative units. Size oj small schools by number oj teachers and number oj pupils. — Although States were requested to report in terms of membership, some that did not have membership data reported in terms of aver¬ age daily attendance or enrollment. Sixteen States reported the number of elementary schools with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 teachers, only 14 States reported those with 7 to 10 teachers, 2 States reporting “7 or more” for this item. The 16 States reported 49,614 schools with 6 or fewer teachers as follows: Teachers Schools Teachers Schools Number Percent Number Percent 1 2 3 ■ 2 3 1 _ 32, 140 8,520 3,682 2,661 64. 77 17. 17 7. 42 5. 37 1,242 1, 369 2. 51 2. 76 2 _ 6 3 _ Total _ .. _ 49, 614 100. 00 4 _ The small elementary schools are very small. Many more have only 1 or 2 teachers than have 3 to 6 teachers. Of approximately 50,000 schools with 6 teachers or fewer, 65 percent had 1 teacher, and 82 percent 1 or 2 teachers (table 57, section A). Reports indicate about the same number of 1- or 2-teacher schools as of 3- and 4 -teacher high schools. The relationship of small schools in number of teachers to number of pupils for 12 size groups is shown in sections B to K of table 57. Seven States reported elementary schools having only 1-4 pupils. None of these schools had more than 1 teacher. Seven States reported high schools with only 1-4 pupils. (Although 1 State reported some of these schools having 7-10 high-school teachers, this is probably a misinterpretation of the question. All teachers, 64 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 elementary and high, may have been included instead of only high- school teachers.) Fourteen States reported 1,881 elementary schools with 5-9 pupils. Only 2 schools had more than 1 teacher. Eleven States reported about 200 high schools with 5-9 pupils, with a few of them having 2 or 3 teachers, the rest with 1. It should be remembered that these small high schools may teach only 1 or 2 high-school grades. The schools with 10-24 pupils seem to include a large proportion of the 1 -teacher elementary and high schools. Two schools of this size are reported as having 6 teachers. A considerable number of elementary schools with 25-49 pupils have only 1 teacher but the 2-teacher school begins to be usual with this size enrollment. The most general high school of this size has 2 teachers, although many have 1 or 3. Some elementary and some high schools of this size are reported as having 7-10 teachers. The prevalence of the 1 -teacher elementary school drops very notice¬ ably when there are more than 50 pupils, although 896 schools were reported with 1 teacher and 50-74 pupils. The 2-teacher school is the most frequent and the 3-teacher school next in this 50-74 group. In the high schools with 50-74 pupils, 3 teachers are the most usual, with many having 4 or 2, and 57 reported with only 1 teacher. Some schools of both levels are reported with 7-10 teachers. The most frequent elementary schools with 100-149 pupils have 4 teachers although many have 3 or 5. There are 16 elementary schools and 1 high school of this size enrollment reported with only 1 teacher. Most high schools of this size reported 6 or 7-10 teachers. In elementary schools with 150-199 pupils the most frequent number of teachers is 6 with many having 4, 5, or 7-10. None were reported with only 1 teacher although 14 had only 2 teachers. High schools of 150-199 pupils usually had 7 to 10 teachers although 1 was reported with 1 teacher only and 11 with 3 teachers only. Almost all the schools with 200 or more pupils, had 7 or more teach¬ ers, but 1 elementary school was reported with 2 teachers and 200-249 pupils, 1 school with 3 teachers and 250-299 pupils, and 3 schools with 350 or more pupils each and only 3 teachers each. These data by size of school should be very helpful within a State in locating situtations which depart so far from the normal that they need special study. Size oj 1 -teacher schools in terms oj membership and number oj grades taught. — Out of a total of 121,311 1-teacher schools in all States, 18 States reported a distribution by size in terms of number of pupils for 43,887 schools. Section A of table 58 shows this distribution. The most general size of school, almost a fourth of the total, is 15 to 19 pupils. About one-eighth each have 5 to 9, 10 to 14, and 20 to 24 pupils. Sections B to M of table 58 show the size of schools by “num- STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 65 ber of grades taught.’ ' It would seem from the figures that some States reported the number of grades in the curriculum, whether being taught in 1938 or not, since in some cases 5 to 11 grades are reported as being taught in a school with 1 to 4 pupils. Twelve States distributed their data by the number of grades taught, as follows: Number of grades taught 1-teacher schools Number of grades taught 1-teacher schools Number Percent Number Percent 1 2 5 1 2 3 1 _ _ 15 0.06 8 _ 15, 922 66.21 2 _ 39 . 16 9 _ 385 1.60 3 _ 110 .46 10 _ 43 .18 4 _ 316 1. 32 11 9 .04 5 _ 780 3.24 12 _ 12 .05 6 2, 554 10. 62 7 _ 3^ 863 16.06 Total _ 24, 048 100.00 Since a fourth of the 1 -teacher schools reported have from 15 to 19 pupils and two-thirds teach eight grades, this is the most common type of 1 -teacher school. Since most of the schools are reported in section I of table 58, discussion will be confined to this section. If “teaching eight grades” is interpreted as meaning “teaching sometime,” but not necessarily in the 1937-38 school year, and the number of schools in each group is multiplied by the average size, estimates are obtained as shown in the following table: Estimated enrollment in 1-teacher schools responsible for teaching 8 grades, in 12 States Number of schools Average size, in pupils Estimated number of pupils Number of schools Average size, in pupils Estimated number of pupils 1 2 3 1 2 3 139 2.5 347 665 37 24, 605 1, 169 7 8,183 488 43 20,984 673 12 8, 078 289 47 13,583 5,893 17 100, 181 202 53 10, 706 2,245 22 49, 390 110 57 6,270 1,583 27 42, 741 154 60 9,240 2,312 32 73, 984 15, 922 368, 292 Over 368,000 students, if they continued in school, would spend their entire elementary school life in a school in which 1 teacher, if she continued in her position, would teach them every subject in the elementary school curriculum. Those in schools with 1 to 4 pupils would be getting practically individual instruction. Others would be with 59 or more pupils to whom 1 teacher was trying to teach all or a large part of the elementary school curriculum during one year. Is “the little red schoolhouse” the richest educational experience that 66 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 this Nation can afford to give 360,000 elementary school pupils in these 12 States? There are undoubtedly many more like these in the States which could not report these data. Supervision load of principals and head teachers. — Because of the fact that in some States small schools with only 2, 3, 4, etc., teachers, always reported one of these teachers as a principal even though she taught a full schedule, or at least more than half time, statistics on number of principals were not as significant as they might be, especially number of elementary school principals. Therefore, the personnel administering individual schools has been classified into two groups. Those who teach half time or less are designated as “principals’ ’ and those who teach more than half time as “head teachers.” The data on head teachers were requested to help clarify the classification of principals. States were requested to report the number of teachers supervised by principals and by head teachers (all who carry some duties as principals but teach more than half time). Louisiana could not make this distinction, and, therefore, shows 575 “principals” in 2-teacher elementary schools. This may be true of all the figures for principals of 2-teacher schools, as it does not seem probable that anyone teaches only half time or less in such schools. Few elementary schools with 1 to 4 teachers and grades only (table 59, section A), have a principal teaching only half time or less. In elementary schools with from 5 to 9 teachers the practice of having the administrative head teach more than half time (a principal) is a little more common than that of having this person teach half time or less (a head teacher). About 1 out of 4 elementary schools with 10 to 14 teachers has an administrative head teaching more than half time. Most of the elementary schools with 15 or more teachers report a principal teaching only half time or less. To interpret table 59, section B, it is necessary to eliminate data for States that report no head teachers, including them all as prin¬ cipals. After making this adjustment the table shows that only few secondary schools with fewer than 5 teachers have principals. More than twice as many secondary schools* with 5 to 9 teachers have prin¬ cipals as have head teachers. Three out of 4 secondary schools with from 15 to 19 teachers have principals, not head teachers. From the standpoint of building administration, a large number of administrative units have 1 principal or head teacher administering both an elementary and a secondary school (table 59, section C). However, since statistics are more frequently requested by schools than by buildings, only 10 States reported administration of com¬ bined elementary and secondary schools. Data from 9 States only seem to show that even in the 5- to 9-teacher situation only about 1 out of 7 schools has a principal. The other 6 have head teachers. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 67 This is probably due to the fact that total enrollment in the combina¬ tion schools is usually small. In the schools with 10 to 14 teachers, about half have principals and half head teachers as building admin¬ istrators. Even in schools with 15 to 19 teachers, 3 out of 7 are administered by head teachers. School services provided at public expense. — In order to get some picture of the extent to which certain services are offered by local school administrative units, States were requested to report the number of units in which services were provided to elementary and secondary schools by types of units in which they were provided. In table 60 the figures in columns 2 and 3 show the number of units in which such services theoretically might be provided and the figures in columns 4 to 32 show the number of units actually offering these services. Two things must be kept in mind in interpreting the data. The absence of figures does not necessarily mean that the service is not offered. It may mean only that no data were available. Since not all the services are required in all the units, for example, transporta¬ tion, the difference between the total number of units and the number offering a service cannot always be interpreted as the lack of necessary services. The five sections of table 60 show' the types of local administrative units offering the service, for example, in systems organized on the county-unit plan, Florida reports 67 administrative units. In only 1 of these is special classes for exceptional children made available in elementary schools. Part-time and continuation classes in secondary schools are provided by 19 counties and evening and adult classes on a secondary level are provided by 16 counties. All 67 counties provide transportation for both elementary and secondary pupils. The data reported in these tables for services offered are not entirely consistent with those reported on the number of administrative units. In a few cases more units are reported as giving a service than there are units of that particular type. These inconsistencies are due to the fact that this is the first time these data have been requested. As the relationship between certain parts of the report form is better under¬ stood, States will report more uniformly. Thus table 60 should show to some extent, the inequality of services offered both within and among States. Appendix Complete and accurate data for comparable groups of local units of school administration are necessary to uniform statistics for State school systems. In their efforts to report data accordingly, the States were guided in 1938 by the following classifications: 3 1. Entire county ( or parish). — Include counties in which all schools are administered directly by the county superintendent of schools and/or the county board of education and in which there are no subunits or subdistricts which have administrative responsibilities, nor are there independent units. Cities within county units are administered by the county superin¬ tendent and/or county board. All schools in the county report direct to the county superintendent and/or county board. The boundaries of the unit may be coterminous with the boundaries of the county but in practice may not necessarily be so. The county (or parish) board of education passes upon policies rec¬ ommended by the superintendent of schools who is appointed by the board of education or who may be elected to office. The board of education does not attempt to execute or administer policies. The county (or parish) superintendent recommends the location of schools and the grades to be taught, prepares the budget, nominates teachers, plans transportation routes, keeps records and reports, pur¬ chases supplies, and makes reports to the State for all schools in the county and for the county school system, and assumes responsibilities for the administration of the local school system. 2. County , except independent units. — Include counties in which all schools, except those in independent administrative units, are administered directly (as one administrative unit) by the county superintendent of schools and or the county board of education. In counties organized as one administrative unit, except independent units, the responsibilities and relationships of the county board of edu¬ cation and of the county superintendent of schools are exactly like those described for the county (or parish) unit except that neither the county board nor the county superintendent has any direct responsi¬ bility for administering the schools in the independent units. The county superintendent reports direct to the State for all schools which come under his jurisdiction; he also reports direct to the State on any matters which involve the schools of the county and independent unit jointly. Each independent unit within these counties has a board of educa¬ tion and/or a superintendent of schools whose duties and responsibilities for the independent area parallel those for the county (or parish) unit. All independent units are classified in 3 and 4. 3. Independent urban units. — Include incorporated places having a pop¬ ulation of 2,500 or more listed as cities in the latest United States census which are administrative units directly responsible to the State, and in which administrative and supervisory services needed by the schools in the unit are usually provided by the unit, except those which are provided directly by the State. The schools are administered by a board of education and/or superintendent of schools over which the county board of education and/or 3 U. S. Office of Education, Statistical Circular No. 10, March 1938, pp. 3-6. 69 70 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 county superintendent of schools have no control or have only nominal jurisdiction. The board of education and the superintendent of schools in inde¬ pendent urban units have the same relationship to the schools of the unit and to the State as the county board of education and the county superintendent have to the schools of the county and to the State in the county (parish) unit organization. 4. Other independent units. — Include all places (towns, villages, and bor¬ oughs) usually with less than 2,500 population not listed as cities in the latest United States census which are administrative units directly respon¬ sible to the State, and in which administrative and supervisory services needed by the schools in the unit are usually provided by the unit, except those which are provided directly by the State. The schools are adminis¬ tered by a board of education and/or superintendent of schools over which the county board of education and/or superintendent of schools have no control or have only nominal jurisdiction. Similarly, as in the independent urban units, the board of education and the superintendent of schools in these other independent (non- urban) units have the same relationship to the schools of the unit and to the State as the county board of education and the county superin¬ tendent have to the schools of the county and to the State in the county (parish) unit organization. 5. Dependent basic units* — Include those basic administrative units which are to any degree under the administrative and/or supervisory jurisdiction of intermediate units — i. e., those basic administrative units dependent wholly or in part upon intermediate units (counties, townships, and super¬ visory unions) for one or more major functions. The recognition and classification of administrative units as dependent basic units must be determined in terms of the amount and nature of the administrative and/or supervisory jurisdiction exercised by the interme¬ diate unit. Dependent basic units will usually have few direct relationships with the State and various numbers and kinds of relationships with the inter¬ mediate unit. The number and kind of services rendered by the intermediate unit to these dependent basic units vary. Generally the dependent basic units have certain powers or duties with reference to nomination of teachers, preparation of budgets, mak¬ ing reports to the superintendent of the intermediate unit, levying district or local taxes, etc., but the superintendent of schools and/or board of education of the intermediate unit have varying degrees of direct or advisory control with reference to these and other functions. The board of directors or trustees of the dependent basic unit may nominate or elect the superintendent or supervising principal for the unit and approve policies to be submitted to the superintendent and/or board of the intermediate unit. The superintendent (or supervisory official) for the dependent basic unit reports and is responsible to the superintendent and/or board of the intermediate unit. States in which the State board of education directly administers schools should insert line items and column headings in appropriate tables to segregate data on personnel, services, and expenditures for such schools. 1 Listed in tables as “Other units under county board.” STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 71 6. Intermediate units. — Include counties, townships, and supervisory unions set up between the State and dependent basic administrative units to act as the agent of the State in dealing with dependent basic units and as the representative of dependent basic units in dealing with the State. These subdivisions, serving primarily as intermediate units, may also serve as basic units in that they directly administer schools; relatively few do. In¬ dependent administrative units may be located within the boundaries of intermediate units. Some intermediate units exercise only nominal supervision over curriculum, selection and appointment of teachers, classroom supervision, development of school building programs, budgets, and other similar services; other inter¬ mediate units exercise almost complete control and direction over dependent basic units in connection with the factors cited. At the present time no intermediate unit exercises absolute control over the general program of the basic unit. However, some intermediate units exercise practically complete control over some given functions, such as the selection of textbooks or the appointment of teachers. The primary purpose of these intermediate units is to create larger units for offering administrative and supervisory services otherwise unavailable to or that could not be economically and efficiently pro¬ vided by the administrative units composing them. There is a wide variation in the extent of authority over and in the extent of super¬ vision provided dependent basic units by intermediate units. In counties, townships, and supervisory unions which serve as interme¬ diate units and in which there may be independent units, the intermediate unit is classified here, the dependent basic units are classified in 5, and the independent administrative units, if an)r, are classified in 3 and 4. In counties, for instance, which serve as intermediate units, the county superintendent of schools and/or the county board of education exercise considerable general authority without actually operating and controlling the schools of the dependent basic units. The county board of education of intermediate units has the respon¬ sibility of approving or disapproving certain policies recommended by the boards and/or superintendents of the dependent basic units and of providing for all dependent basic units within the county those services which are provided on a county-wide basis. Where the county board of education does not exist, the county superintendent is responsible for determining and executing these policies. The county superintendent of schools recommends the personnel and the services to be provided by the county as the intermediate unit; for the dependent basic units, he may, with certain limitations, recom¬ mend apportionment of or apportion State and county funds, evaluate recommendations concerning the location of schools and grades, pro¬ posed organization, proposed budgets, appointment of teachers, ar¬ rangement of transportation routes, etc.; and in States where there is a county board of education, make recommendations to it. He makes reports to the State for the dependent basic units and for the county intermediate unit. Again, where the supervisory union is employed as the intermediate unit, the board of directors (the joint committee, etc.) meets periodically to recommend or appoint a superintendent, and generally has few other responsibilities. Table l.— Statistical summary of public elementary and secondary schools combined, 1870-1938 72 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 1938 a 130, 215, 000 30, 789, 000 25, 975, 108 6, 226, 934 22, 298, 200 3, 876, 630, 256 185, 103 692, 163 © cm h- GO 229, 394 $7, 115, 377, 402 $24, 029, 905 1, 493, 066, 021 632, 714, 211 73, 074, 524 © © 1 w CM CM N 238, 853, 496 l, 309, 292, 447 684, 964, 111 © ©- CO¬ CO CM CM CO CO Oi © 128, 429, 000 31, 618, 000 26, 367, 098 5, 974, 537 22, 298, 767 3,857,043,208 179, 073 691, 890 870, 963 238, 867 $6, 731, 324, 741 CO cc ^ CO r- go c Tt< Oi GO © i-T co co o »o CO Tt< CO CM © to i-T CM CO IOO co »o 1,971, 402,416 171, 321, 674 1, 181, 772, 745 615, 803, 779 1, 968, 898, 198 1934 © 126, 425, 000 32, 392, 749 26, 434, 193 5, 669, 156 22, 458, 190 3, 853, 033, 594 161, 949 685, 171 847, 120 241, 428 $6, 624, 771, 206 $22, 058, 583 1, 317, 898, 716 402, 500, 724 68, 194, 070 © © ri © © GO 59, 276, 555 1, 103, 705, 671 557, 123, 003 © ! CM w teS © ©“ CM r» 1930 c© 122, 775, 046 31,571,322 25, 678, 015 4, 399, 422 21, 264, 886 3, 672, 765, 005 141, 771 712, 492 eo w U5 GO 247, 289 $6, 211, 327, 040 — $27, 516, 517 1, 645, 687, 651 329, 312, 434 86, 040, 235 eo 0© © US G© X © w 370, 877, 969 1,295,201,424 650, 710, 991 G© CO © ©“ co CM 1920 r» 105, 710, 620 27, 728, 788 21, 578, 316 2, 200, 389 16, 150, 035 2, 615, 161, 151 95, 654 583, 648 679, 533 271,319 $2, 409, 719, 120 $26, 036, 098 758, 896, 551 134, 278, 753 50, 908, 896 G© © ©“ CM © © 153, 542, 852 613, 404, 578 269, 203, 779 © © CM us © © 1910 CO 91, 972, 266 24, 238, 948 17, 813, 852 3 915, 061 12, 827, 307 2,011, 477, 065 110,481 412, 729 o cm g 265, 474 $1, 091, 007, 512 $14, 096, 555 312, 221, 582 64, 604, 701 42, 140, 859 © © 50 © © CO CO 69, 978, 370 253, 915, 170 102, 356, 894 CO ©- us CM ©- o* 1900 us 75, 602, 515 21, 404, 322 15, 503, 110 3 519, 251 10, 632, 772 1, 534, 822, 633 126, 588 296, 474 u © co c> 248, 279 $550, 069, 217 $9, 152, 274 149, 486, 845 37, 886, 740 23, 240, 130 219, 765, 989 35, 450, 820 137, 687, 746 41,826, 052 G© © © 1 © 1 CM 62, 622, 250 18, 543, 201 12, 722, 631 3202, 963 8, 153, 635 1, 098, 232, 725 125, 525 238, 397 o* CM © © 224, 526 $342,531,791 $7, 744, 765 97, 222, 426 26, 345, 323 11, 882, 292 143, 194, 806 26, 207, 041 91, 836, 484 22, 463, 190 140, 506, 715 1880 co 50, 155, 783 15, 065, 767 9, 867, 395 3 1 10, 277 6, 144, 143 800, 719, 970 122, 795 163, 798 co © US © / CM 178, 122 $209, 571, 718 $55, 942, 972 78, 094, 687 1870 w 38, 558, 371 12, 055, 443 6, 871, 522 2 3 80, 227 4, 077, 347 539, 053, 423 77, 529 122, 986 US US © © 116, 312 $130, 383, 008 $37, 832, 566 © © © © CO i co~ © Item I. — General statistics Total population 1 _ Children 5-17 years of age (inclusive)1.. Pupils enrolled (excluding duplicates) . . Pupils enrolled in public high schools . . Average daily attendance _ Total number of days attended by all pupils. _ Men teachers _ _ . _ Women teachers _ . . _ Total teachers. _ _ _ Number of schoolhouses _ _ Value of all school property _ _ II.— Financial statistics Revenue receipts: From income of permanent funds and lands _ _ From county and local taxes and appropriations _ _ From State taxes and appropria¬ tions _ _ _ From all other sources _ _ Total _ Expenditures: For sites, buildings, furniture, li¬ braries, and apparatus _ For salaries of superintendents, supervisors, principals, and teach¬ ers _ _ _ For all other purposes _ _ _ Total _ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 73 005 Tt<© _ - _ J75 CO 05»-hjJ NCCh JO © CO S32 £3 £ g 5 SS“ 22gg £ « fe H ~ - s s» & C©>0 Tf! t~ CO O CO OCOCO C-J (M lO rH SOCC CO >o 00 Sg SSSJ S R 2 g§". " “ § ~ ~ - s £ % c"a — — 5 » 56 o« co<-i oo r- o moo coaooo— < o*h c» oo ££ S5£ g g 9 22-. -Sg* 2BSS 5 5 S 0 O >0 t»« -h tji g" 3 2 g KgS -2SSS 2S2 Z d ~ 2SS S2 - ^ Ng CO CO CO 00 CO Niow ■*!« 05 CO CO 'C O jj lOOOl^OO OOJOCD S 3 g 2 1 1 II •11 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 Ih S -SS 1 11 a I* I ll •s Is I ll Ui j||! * 1° I I >> 1 j§ b* 1 >» 1 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 75 Table 3. — Pupils enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools at different dates State, District of Co¬ lumbia, or outlying part 1870-71 1 1879-80 1889-90 1899-1900 1909-10 1910-20 1929-30 1937-38 ■ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental 1.8 _ 7, 561, 582 9, 867, 595 12, 722, 631 15, 503, 110 17,813,852 21, 578,316 25, 678,015 25, 975, 108 Alabama... _ 141,312 179, 490 301, 615 376, 423 424, 611 569, 940 622, 988 670, 481 Arizona _ 4, 212 7,989 16, 504 31 312 76, 505 103, 806 1 10 0^6 Arkansas . . . . 69, 927 81, 972 223, 071 314, 662 395' 978 483! 172 456’, 185 AJ.U, UuU 465, 272 California _ . 91, 332 158, 765 221, 756 269, 736 368, 391 696, 238 1, 068, 683 1, 195, 024 Colorado.. . . . 4, 357 22,119 65, 490 117, 555 168, 798 220, 232 240, 482 227, 237 Connecticut _ _ 113, 588 119, 694 126, 505 155, 228 190, 353 261, 463 319, 453 295, 516 Delaware. _ _ _ 20, 058 27, 823 31, 434 36, 895 35, 950 38, 483 42, 360 44, 992 Florida _ _ _ 14, 000 39, 315 92, 472 108, 874 148, 089 225, 160 346, 434 383, 935 Georgia . . . 49, 578 236, 533 381,297 482, 673 555, 794 690, 918 713, 290 730, 894 Idaho _ _ _ 906 5, 834 14, 311 36, 669 76, 168 115, 192 120, 947 121,411 Illinois _ 672, 787 704, 041 778, 319 958, 911 1, 002, 687 1, 127, 560 1, 395, 907 1, 281, 854 Indiana _ 450, 057 511,283 512, 955 564, 807 531, 459 566, 288 667, 379 689, 657 Iowa. _ _ 341,938 426, 057 493, 267 566, 223 510, 661 514, 521 554, 655 519, 150 Kansas . _ . 89, 777 231,434 399, 322 389, 582 398, 746 406, 880 431, 166 396, 662 Kentucky. _ 178, 457 i 276, 000 399, 660 500, 294 494, 863 535, 332 588, 354 618, 318 Louisiana _ _ 57, 639 77. 642 120, 253 196, 169 263, 617 354, 079 434, 557 460, 946 Maine.. . . ... 152, 600 149, 827 139, 676 130, 918 144, 278 137, 681 154, 455 164, 016 Maryland. . .. 115, 683 162, 431 184, 251 222, 373 238, 393 241,618 277, 459 293, 686 Massachusetts 273, 661 306, 777 371, 492 474, 891 535, 869 623, 586 759, 492 744, 871 Michigan _ 292, 466 362, 556 427, 032 504, 985 541, 501 691, 674 970, 582 959, 827 Minnesota _ . . 113,983 180, 248 280, 960 399, 207 440, 083 503, 597 551, 741 530, 792 Mississippi. _ 117, 000 236, 654 334, 158 386, 507 469, 137 1 412, 670 595, 449 590, 208 Missouri _ 330, 070 482, 986 620, 314 719, 817 707, 817 672, 483 656, 073 705, 612 Montana. .. . .. 1,657 4,270 16, 980 39, 430 66, 141 126, 576 120, 337 110, 403 Nebraska... 23,265 92, 549 240, 300 288,227 1 281, 375 311, 821 325, 216 289, 916 Nevada .... 3, 106 9, 045 7,387 6, 676 1 10, 200 14, 114 18, 041 20, 352 New Hampshire .. 71, 957 64, 341 59, 813 65, 688 63, 972 64, 205 74, 240 76, 390 New Jersey 169, 430 204, 961 234, 072 322, 575 429, 797 594, 780 792, 012 746, 383 New Mexico . . 1,320 4, 755 18, 215 36, 735 56, 304 81, 399 102, 084 129, 877 New York _ . 1,028, 110 1, 031, 593 1, 042, 160 1, 209, 574 1, 422, 969 1, 719, 841 2, 141, 479 2, 308, 456 North Carolina.. .. .. 115, 000 252, 612 322, 533 400, 452 520, 404 691, 249 866, 939 881, 874 North Dakota. . ... .. 1,660 13, 718 35, 543 77, 686 139, 802 168, 283 169, 277 146, 511 Ohio. 719, 372 729, 499 797, 489 829, 160 838, 080 1. 020, 663 1, 277, 636 1, 251, 005 Oklahoma _ 99, 602 422, 399 589, 282 682, 650 638, 662 Oregon _ 21, 000 37, 533 63,254 89, 405 118,412 151,028 202, 595 193, 861 Pennsylvania ... . .. 834, 614 937, 310 1, 020, 522 1, 151, 880 1, 282, 965 1, 610, 459 1, 937, 433 1, 944, 988 Rhode Island . 34, 000 40,604 52, 774 67, 231 80, 061 93, 501 118,704 119, 159 South Carolina _ 66, 056 134, 072 201, 260 281, 891 340, 415 478, 045 469, 370 488, 749 South Dakota _ (2) (2) 78. 043 98, 822 126, 253 146, 955 165, 624 142, 514 Tennessee. . . . 140, 000 300, 217 447, 950 485, 354 521, 753 619, 852 627, 747 637, 920 Texas . . . 63,504 i 220, 000 466, 872 659, 598 821, 631 1, 035, 648 1,308,028 1, 355, 401 Utah _ 16, 992 24, 326 37, 279 73. 042 91,611 117, 406 138, 046 138, 907 Vermont _ 65, 384 75, 328 65, 608 65,964 66, 615 61, 785 65, 976 67, 931 Virginia. _ 131, 088 220, 736 342, 269 370, 595 402, 109 505, 190 562, 956 583, 556 Washington _ .. 5, 000 14, 780 55,964 115, 104 215,688 291, 053 344, 731 339, 977 West Virginia _ _ 76, 999 142, 850 193, 064 232, 343 276, 458 346, 256 395, 505 443, 789 Wisconsin. . . . 265, 285 299, 457 351, 723 445, 142 464,311 465, 243 564, 022 560, 468 Wyoming _ ... . 450 2,907 7,052 14, 512 24, 584 43, 112 54,505 56, 970 District of Columbia. . 15, 157 26,439 36, 906 46, 519 55, 774 65,298 80, 965 100, 672 Outlying parts of the United States _ 1, 164, 332 1, 431, 321 1, 866, 386 Alaska _ . 3, 360 3,436 6, 428 American Samoa 2, 647 Canal Zone 3,486 7,003 6, 160 Guam 3,683 4,604 Hawaii 41, 350 71,6571 88, 885 Philinnine Islands 935, 678; 1, 121, 233 1, 492, 002 Puerto Pico 180, 458 221, 248 262, 260 Virgin Islands _ 3, 061 3,400 i Estimated. 2 Included in North Dakota. Table 4. — Percentage of the total population enrolled in public schools and ratio of enrollment to school population at different dates 76 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 1937- 38 0. 844 S831S gills sills SIBiS lllsl sslls ^ ^ ’H o w 0. 834 sIBSS 38811 gISSS slsls ISSSi ISSSS 1933- 34 as 0.816 ggssl sslli SSiSs SISSE sills lllgg - 1929- 30 ao 0. 813 sisli gglgs sills sills Issll fills 1919- 20 o Slsll ISIS! ssiss islsg sllli slSss rH - 1909- 10 8 © llisl Sslli SsSIs llsgg g||sl sills 1899- 1900 © sSsel sSIII Sslli lllgg ggggl sllsi §8 1 9 SslSS Slsls §1111 slISs llsss ssISs 1879- 80 e* 0. 655 SSI81 gills Slis i Hiss ssiii ssISr 1870- 71 w 0.615 1 iiiS llsSI slis i IslSe sllei Isiil , ; = as as 22.9 26.3 22.4 19.1 21.1 16.9 17.1 22.6 23.5 24.2 16.2 19.8 20.3 21.6 20.9 21.5 19.1 17.4 16.8 19.7 19.9 28.9 17.5 20.1 21.3 20.0 14.9 17.1 30.8 17.8 1935- 36 2 n 23.6 24.6 22.8 18.8 22.5 18.5 17.8 23.5 24.5 25.0 16.9 20.0 21.2 22.0 21.8 21.9 19.5 17.8 17.5 20.1 20.8 30.3 18.0 21.4 22.6 19.7 15.4 18.7 23.5 17.7 1933- 34 OS as n 23.9 20.3 24.3 18.1 22.6 19.8 20.0 24.3 26.3 26.4 17.6 21.1 22.0 22.1 22.9 21.3 20.7 17.6 18.3 19.2 21.5 29.6 19.6 21.9 22.7 20.6 16.5 19.6 21.2 17.6 1 1929- BO QO as n 23.5 23.8 24.6 18.8 23.2 19.9 17.8 23.6 24.5 27.2 18.3 20.6 22.4 22.9 22.5 20.7 19.4 17.0 17.9 20.0 1:1 18. 1 22.4 23.6 19.8 16.0 19.6 24. 1 17.0 1919- 20 1 § 24.3 22.9 27.6 20.3 23.4 18.9 17.3 23.2 123.9 26.7 17.4 19.3 21.4 23.0 2 22.2 19.7 17.9 16.7 16.2 18.9 21.1 3 23.1 19.8 23.1 [ 24.1 18.2 14.5 18.8 22.6 16.6 1909- 10 «D s 19.9 15.4 25.3 15.5 21.1 17.3 14.3 19.7 21.3 23.4 17.8 19.7 23.1 23.7 21.7 16.0 19.5 18.4 15.9 19.3 21.2 26.1 21.5 17.6 23.7 11.1 14.9 17.0 17.2 15.6 0061 -6681 * 20.6 13.4 24.0 18.2 21.8 17.0 20.0 20.6 21.8 22.7 19.9 22.4 25.4 26.5 23.3 14.2 18.9 18.7 16.9 20.9 22.8 24.9 23.2 16.2 27.0 15.8 16.0 17.1 18.8 16.6 1 1889- gO £ 19.9 13.4 19.8 18.4 15.9 17.0 18.7 23.6 20.8 17.0 20.3 23.4 25.8 28.0 21.5 10.8 21.1 17.7 16.6 20.4 21.6 25.9 23.2 12.9 22.7 16.1 15.9 16.2 11.9 17.4 1879- 80 e*s 5 14.2 10.4 10.2 18.4 11.4 i9. 2 19.0 15.6 15.3 17.9 22. 9 25.9 26.2 23.2 16.7 8.3 23.1 17.4 17.2 22.2 23.1 20.9 22.3 10.9 20.5 14.5 18.5 18. 1 4.0 1 20.3 i* N as 13.9 13.7 15.6 9.3 20.8 15.8 7.2 4.1 5.6 26.0 26.3 28.2 22.3 13.2 7.7 24.3 14.6 18.3 24.0 24.5 13.7 18.7 7.5 16.6 7.0 22.4 18.3 1.4 23.2 11 og5 !§!§? llll! U ** r 3ifL §1 lull £££££ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 77 lilil iigll g£§ 11 s ggll SsSi? silss ISili £!£§£ |g| § i SSS1 Hil igsil slaii glsil ggl S 1 gill Isis mm IllsS sign III 3 1 In IsSs illii Silll bSSSS 111 1 £5 1 1 5SSS1 gllse lilli Ms s ISsSS illeS slllS Ms I igg ia issis ii :ii sis § 15s sll£l §1SSS ISS I 111 is sla£l 11 ill ISI 5 25.0 20.6 18.5 24.8 18.7 19.0 17.5 25.8 20.6 21.8 21.7 26.6 17.6 21.2 20.3 22.6 19.0 24.0 15.8 © d 10.2 24.0 11.4 20.0 23.7 11.2 14.3 15.5 25.7 22. 1 19.2 26.0 18.5 19.8 17.8 25.7 22.1 22.8 22.3 27.3 17. 9 22.2 20.4 24.6 19.9 24.2 16. 1 eo © 10.0 19.3 13.7 19.9 21.7 9.3 14.7 14.7 27.1 23.4 19.0 25.2 20.4 20.7 17.8 27.8 22.7 24.5 21.6 27.5 18.3 23.9 21.2 24.4 19.4 24. 1 18.9 © 9. 1 19.9 15.9 19.5 19.6 9. 1 14.6 16.0 27.3 24. 9 19.2 28. 5 21.2 20.1 17.3 27.0 23.9 24.0 22.5 27.2 18.3 23.2 22. 1 22.9 19.2 24. 1 16.6 © 1 © | GO 1 ^ © *C CM CO Oi GO 0> 05 Tfi CO 27.0 26.0 17.7 29. 1 19.3 18.5 15.5 28.4 23. 1 26.5 22.2 26. 1 17.5 21.9 21.5 23.7 17.7 22.2 14.9 to CO *o 16.2 9.0 13.9 23.6 24.2 17.6 25.5 17.6 16.7 14.8 22.4 21.6 24.0 21. 1 24.6 18.7 19. 6 19.0 22.8 19.9 16. 9 16.9 21. 1 24.3 19.9 25.0 21.6 18.3 15.7 21.0 24.6 24.0 21.6 26.4 19.2 20.0 22.2 24.2 21.5 15.7 16.7 19.9 19.5 21.7 20.2 19.4 15.3 17.5 23.7 25.3 20.9 17.9 5 19.7 20.7 16.0 25.3 20.9 11.6 16.0 18.1 10.2 22.8 21.5 21.9 14.7 13.5 |iS?« 13.8 16.9 22.6 14.6 19.7 23.1 22.8 14.0 14.9 *0 00*0 1 CO NHH ^05 CO CO 00 *o CO ca CO CO CM d e32®^2 ^2222 2 S'* d North Carolina _ North Dakota _ _ Ohib _ _ _ Oklahoma _ _ - Oregon - Pennsylvania _ _ _ _ Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ South Dakota _ . . _ Tennessee _ Texas. _ Utah _ Vermont . _ _ _ _ Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia _ _ Wisconsin _ Wyoming _ District of Columbia _ _ Outlying parts of the United States Alaska American Samoa Canal Zone Guam Hawaii _ _ _ Philippine Islands _ Puerto Rico _ _ Virgin Islands. J XJ 78 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-38 s ! S sjssisa o' ©" kO »d Nn-roiM CD CM »D T* i-H SoSoO^ ^NONOO lOiOiOOn OOCOHCOM OCD0HN a! © cdoo So © ^ cd h*7 oT CM 00 CM CO CD CM OP3t^ ( OJOhOh iOOJOOM NCMCD^D CO CO CO 00 ' o oioVoi o cd c ooT< COOiOH^ CMt^rJ 00 co*' o' © n CO 00 CD 00 3 00XXCOCM HCOODX C^O 05 H COHCOH Nrt O^f C X CD CD rH rH rf CD CD CO NCOkOiO^ 05 CD CO *D X COCMiOcO*D NMNQ n'o»o'(N^' o r-T of h cm" r>T cd cd i-7 cd t>7 r-7 X CM CD ^ »D 00 HNHCO GO CO - _ _ _ OiNOHH lOOWOif XCOCDCMCO CO CD CD CO 00 CM O CM rH CO CM ^ coo*o __ HQ5DDW CM GO ^ 00 Tf CM O »00005»0 HCODHCO*' CM »D CO 00 h CM CO i-H t''- O OCOOHO 35 05 CM DiOrf< r>- *o r co r-7 tjT oo Noi^cidd >C5N»Oif Tf1 i— < CO i-H CM CM N O ^ H co co ^ 05 id 05 CO O CO o rH H o O O OCM iD CD CO O rf CD >OCD if CM H lO rH co CO CD rf if IOCM00 CM N0i0 05 Hif IOCCH ^ O CM CD CO ooohV ^ rH CO N CM 5 CM T-H CD O 0000505 . 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S2Sg§£ SggSfc* - 3113 Hill lllil illii §Sill I 2233 £ 82223 2~ss22 ^ 3 Reorganized High Schools Senior Total W 854, 959 60, 349 9, 435 81, 266 10, 106 4, 166 46, 400 37,544 12, 108 15, 367 106, 731 87, 000 54, 264 29, 987 878 20, 304 28, 104 Girls CD o ss *** 32, 614 4, 798 40, 064 5, 342 2, 081 25, 056 19,075 6,288 7,592 54, 065 43, 716 29, 197 15, 190 i 315 ! 2*2 Boys - 418, 553 27, 735 4,637 41, 202 4, 764 2, 085 21, 344 1 00 5, 820 7, 775 52, 666 43, 284 25, 067 14, 797 i Ssl 22 Junior-senior Total o 1, 049, 323 60, 037 47, 681 6, 834 8,265 — Tj< s 3 60, 565 i il S a is t 15, 901 i i 1 00 1 ' 1 cs ; : Girls os ; CD e* 1 SI 31, 676 23, 745 3,493 4,590 s rt 31, 674 Si!! a is s' 8,037 i i i i i i GO ! ! !co Boys ao 514, 887 28,361 23,936 3, 341 3, 675 2 oo © £ £ il 8 2 ig 2 7, 864 661 ‘9 i Junior Total r» r o eo 108, 427 14, 938 133, 334 30, 879 25, 151 4, 291 68, 600 36, 280 37, 264 15, 832 21, 200 108, 241 93, 012 54, 077 24, 531 983 6, 877 42, 303 Girls - «5 »D §5 r* CO CO 1 10 7,665 66, 000 15, 460 12, 354 2, 164 34, 595 18, 148 18, 627 7,793 11, 477 54, 023 46, 759 27, 002 12, 220 500 3, 361 21, 330 Boys I 1 ^ os w r» CD* O 51,081 7, 273 67, 334 15, 419 12, 797 2, 127 34, 005 18, 132 18, 637 7, 839 9, 723 54, 218 46, 253 27, 075 12,311 483 3, 516 20, 973 Kindergarten and Ele¬ mentary Pupils Total - 18, 564, 081 501, 705 89, 708 358, 542 749, 180 152, 343 196, 970 27, 347 262, 548 619,315 88, 513 934, 472 503, 397 349, 036 261, 794 491, 337 374, 203 126, 255 209, 122 444, 950 616, 850 351, 422 522, 309 526, 441 78, 423 208, 635 14, 314 49, 209 515, 506 Girls e* I 5 OS o o aT IlilS lilii SIlii HISS 81111 sis im* »'sw s*sss ss-s-sf i¥is§ Boys ! _ _ w CD n w CD 1 I OS 257, 618 46, 248 182, 637 388, 490 78, 161 102, 590 14,312 133, 899 311,515 45, 511 484, 056 259, 418 180, 831 136, 104 254, 774 189, 611 65, 193 108, 835 230, 826 314, 516 182, 702 263, 256 270, 786 40, 828 108, 126 7, 495 25, 408 265, 929 State, District of Columbia, or out¬ lying part 1 Continental U. S _ Alabama _ Arizona . . Arkansas _ _ California _ __ Hnlnrnrin Connecticut. .. Delaware _ Florida.-. _ Georgia _ . lUciilU _ _ _ Illinois Indiana - 1 Iowa _ Kansas - 1 Kentucky _ _ Louisiana Maine - 1 Maryland _ Massachusetts _ Michigan _ Minnesota.. . ... Mississippi Missouri _ Montana _ ixeurusj&u. _ Nevada _ New Hampshire. _ New Jersey _ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 81 gS Ssiil Ills! slsla 111 1 §i mm m m mm § ii mu Mm mm m m Fs's‘s" ISI°'S i'ssgg' g'gs Isis 1111 ***•* g'gg" If eo OHS - s‘§a- s' 11 HISS SSsli silSI S'l l^ggS |Sfpg |RS|S 8 i'll i FPIF -»g ^ | 1 I i a «** i is i : i ^ ■ fe ii its 11 -S' : IS ; ss 2 I II 1 t>fc© Tjf j : l i *1 a i : iS s : ; - s Is sails iSSsS lilSI III 1 §1 iWiS Fall 1®SW II- s' rf rH rH 1 3 r* Momo — 'OOi-hco S||«- rH~ ss mil nisi nils m i S'g fail's I'ssgs' 3Sgtf * $ i ss of : 1 ills - ggs'- IS SISss S1SSS sils§ III g S'g l'sW S-'S'IS §SS" s II 1 I i || SI of i-f I I Sill - sgg- Enrollment by administrative unit in 30 States and the District of Columbia , 1937-38 82 Table 8. — Enrollment of pupils in public day schools by grades , 1937-38 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 83 Grand Total QO © © C* ggisss SSoSSoo S33SS ISW 1-liS IWI IllSl »W§‘g - Total eo 05 CO N C* ©* 87, 278 20, 348 65, 508 342, 543 54, 462 80, 971 11,653 72, 310 111,579 32, 898 347, 382 186, 260 136, 564 107, 319 91,511 86, 743 37, 761 61, 263 227, 931 236, 070 39, 848 67, 899 160, 641 31,980 81, 281 5,286 20, 318 202, 290 20, 570 714, 604 Post¬ grad¬ uate CO © eo QO ■*< 274 9, 278 352 534 18 34 7, 725 1,131 742 890 2,069 380 131 3, 777 1,418 62 673 101 850 383 7, 698 £ Q a o Fourth year © o U5 © 14, 569 3,710 12, 248 65, 211 10, 942 14, 528 2, 321 13, 453 19, 234 6, 737 63, 014 36, 671 29, 344 22, 015 16, 388 15, 476 7, 358 10, 730 43, 087 45, 626 26, 829 11,981 30, 279 6, 667 17, 215 1,032 4, 274 37, 009 3,614 113, 068 PS I Third year 1,379,398 iila! SSiiS liall iilsg 11111 IsSsl s'tissv ss'sas s”3ss s'sg'-'s GQ Second year CO S w 05 CO 24, 061 5, 430 17, 228 90, 747 15, 014 22, 469 3, 251 19,055 29, 685 8, 613 93, 520 48, 771 35, 633 28, 957 25, 359 22, 184 9, 861 16, 115 61, 189 63, 994 37, 631 18, 334 39, 325 8, 385 20, 766 1,326 5, 066 55, 224 5, 393 200, 645 First year c? “ © gg © © sills ills! iisis §i!s!s iiis§ Total 19, 748, 174 IssSE Hiss §§ils lists IlsSI lilig lulls’ §8 = 28 lllll S8|2g |g3Kl SSSSg Eighth grade ® w w 35, 715 7, 546 31,210 95, 382 18, 290 25, 619 3, 606 27, 062 7, 022 10, 601 114, 940 58, 104 43, 814 34, 151 47, 149 13,208 11,760 63, 360 79, 721 47, 688 31, 689 48, 458 9, 454 24, 310 1,733 6, 733 61,433 7, 986 186, 026 | Seventh grade © eo eo r* N 45, 783 8, 463 35, 398 99, 853 19, 424 26, 681 4,052 32, 149 52, 701 10, 930 106, 542 61,617 44, 938 35, 775 44, 134 33, 725 14, 238 26. 287 64, 894 81, 832 46, 478 37, 047 68, 815 9, 683 24, 260 1,692 7, 093 65, 329 9, 034 186, 271 a 0 &H PS << Sixth grade QO 15 s w N Sills SiSSs illll USES ssils IsslI SPSS'S' 8”382 sss'sls 8‘3‘sfs's -"“gSg 1 1 Fifth grade QO W N eo C* issis mil gisii ggggg §g§3K ggsgs sasss s-gaa gsisss s'ssss s'srsT3 1 Fourth grade CO © ** nm iisss liisi nisi liiis siiii sssss sKs’ss sssss sssss ---sas l a z Thiia grade QO eo 86, 727 10, 906 52, 969 91,757 20, 339 23, 493 4, 116 39,811 87, 568 11,029 106, 657 60, 568 42, 870 34,011 69, 419 55, 179 14, 102 29, 761 58, 773 81, 190 44, 691 66, 343 67, 121 9, 650 23, 318 1,747 6, 678 60, 260 13, 721 183, 242 Second grade © US CO QO "*< 86. 858 12, 001 52, 763 95, 250 20, 743 23, 067 4, 269 40, 407 91,359 11,231 111,202 61, 666 44, 041 33, 473 73, 261 58, 698 14, 959 31. 859 59, 375 82, 686 45, 912 69, 394 66, 755 9,479 24, 615 1,870 6, 745 59, 123 14, 705 182, 659 First grade eo eo iaiai gISSS §§§!§ gslii §1111 £§2§£| $ss‘s‘£s SSfSS&i Kinder¬ garten N 607, 034 S§ 111 SSiia |g§ss §iSil g ;!§! !§lfg co ;cTrC © 5222^" C'Jo *o jh cT < jo ^-T r-TcotC© State, District of Columbia or out¬ lying part - Continental U. S _ Alabama. . Arizona _ ... . Arkansas. . . California- . . . Colorado _ Connecticut _ _ Delaware . . Florida.. . . Georgia . Idaho _ Illinois... . . Indiana _ Iowa _ _ Kansas . . Kentucky _ _ Louisiana. . Maine _ Maryland _ Massachusetts . Michigan _ Minnesota. . . . Mississippi _ Missouri... . Montana... _ _ Nebraska _ Nevada _ New Hampshire. .. New Jersey _ New Mexico ... . New York _ 84 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 Grand Total SS 881,874 146, 511 1,251,005 638,662 193, 861 1,944,988 119, 159 488, 749 142, 514 637, 920 1, 355, 401 138, 907 67, 931 583, 556 339, 977 443, 789 560, 468 56, 970 100, 672 II I t -J 6, 428 2, 647 6, 160 4,604 88, 885 1, 492, 002 262, 260 3. 400 Secondary Grades 1 Total - !§!§§ ISIS! IISI1 iss i SS'l'l'S fSSSS'SS sgs s' 100, ns) 1, 361 72 955 76 16, 993 68, 084 12, 329 308 1 Post¬ grad¬ uate 1, 154 28 1,468 507 410 382 188 177 2, 030 902 2,179 222 203 1 5 « i| j iii; iii !!lj Fourth year ISSS! §!!£§ gSI 1 28” - 16,046 § is i sis5 ; | (N'o-T j j Third year sissg gasss in i s-'k'ss s"“s»'a sss'^ss s'?'"' ” 8 at 1 ;! i sis3 j i Second year sssll SHIS IsISi 111 § ssa”s‘S5 S3” ® i at 356 239 15 4, 394 18, 434 3, 305 77 First year Si Islll SSlii Iss3s sis § SS'I'S'E: g“SSS 33>'S8g SS-' s s" 410 72 263 61 6,295 25, 912 4,603 127 Kindergarten and Elementary Grades Total 700, 672 112, 472 907, 023 505, 383 133, 374 1, 448, 484 90, 895 412, 587 104, 785 540, 274 1, 032, 468 96, 850 54, 773 469, 197 234, 684 359, 864 387, 526 41, 448 76, 292 1 i -r 5, 067 2, 575 5,205 4, 528 71, 892 1, 423, 918 249, 931 3, 092 Eighth grade ® 14,079 104, 804 48, 854 17, 169 174, 634 11,028 12, 746 43, 653 2,418 9,168 6, 672 4, 154 28, 645 33, 397 43, 722 4, 755 8, 467 I at | tC IrH Seventh grade Ot 71,919 13, 609 1 112, 246 52, 916 17, 386 181, 810 12, 493 33, 333 13, 461 49, 404 116, 388 12, 266 7, 028 48, 801 29, 351 37, 279 44,811 4, 827 8, 727 ® K 538 138 763 100 ' 8, 348 53, 566 13, 842 215 Sixth grade GO Sim mu sis i £ssss? gd&Ss - 101,871 515 270 686 236 9, 076 72, 651 18, 004 433 Fifth grade - 89, 855 13, 778 112, 736 59, 361 16,412 181,849 10, 756 47, 617 12, 578 61, 556 130, 211 11,641 6, 675 60, 533 27, 677 44, 417 43, 726 4, 853 8, 163 143,820 599 310 647 321 9, 440 108, 493 22, 504 506 Fourth grade 96, 895 13, 978 110, 398 62, 031 16, 131 173, 689 10, 313 54, 797 12, 871 66, 614 135, 378 11,856 6, 817 65, 229 28, 003 46, 931 42, 842 5,014 8, 357 * 8 612 346 696 545 9,414 186, 148 31, 639 453 Third grade | 1 100, 847 1 13, 947: 110, 120 62, 838 15, 481 176, 857 9, 453 59, 523 12, 573 68, 794 140, 154 11,822 6, 617 66, 643 27, 478 46, 445 43, 271 5, 171 8, 331 288, 417! 621 419 618 682 9, 321 235, 970 40, 358 428 Second grade 1 1 101, 626 14, 111 108, 161 61, 877 15, 982 171, 907 9,702 65, 077 12, 729 69, 426 144, 019 12, 554 6, 683 68, 527 28, 137 46, 683 45, 038 5, 270 8, 616 i S 692 403 556 6771 9, 247 282, 992 43, 061 456 First grade ! 1 « 156, 992 15. 473 115, 321 96, 588 15, 960 174, 465 11,300 112, 875 13, 692 125, 167 234, 131 13, 103 7, 120! 100, 402 31,019 62, 822 49, 023 5, 971 10, 439 565,617 859 610 589 851 9, 425 484, 098 68, 748 437 f! a a 35 22, 980 4,912 2,208 35, 241 4, 825 99 1, 228 301 7, 049 2, 740 479 534 6,093 576 31, 327 748 7, 385 | OJ ; .00 i ; . . 2 I lo 1 ! 1 1 ! jrH III! f ouue, Liisirici oi Columbia, or out¬ lying part - North Carolina, _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania _ Rhode Island South Carolina _ South Dakota _ Tennessee _ Texas _ Utah _ Vermont 1 _ _ Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin. __ Wyoming _ District of Colum¬ bia _ Outlying parts of the U.S. Alaska American Samoa. „ Canal Zone. _ Guam Hawaii _ Philippine Islands Puerto Rico _ Virgin Islands _ 1 Distribution partly esti STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 85 Table 9. — Enrollment by length of term in days in public day schools in 26 States , the District of Columbia , and 6 outlying parts , 1937 38 Enrollment By Length of Term in Days State, District of Co¬ lumbia, or outlying part 90 or less 91-110 111-130 131-150 151-170 171-190 191-210 More than 210 Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Alabama1.. _ 605 18, 635 20, 129 240, 614 124, 521 137,633 542, 137 7,063 16, 275 29,965 45, 894 153, 431 152,854 405! 482 295,516 295, 516 44, 992 44, 992 Florida2-- - _ 72 18 190 113, 963 230, 312 344’ 555 934, 472 347, 382 1, 281, 854 2 5, 864 236, 064 76, 433 253, 985 572, 348 22, 974 70, 056 34, 645 297, 616 425, 291 31 15, 851 240, 400 22, 939 279, 221 35 58, 673 472. 084 530, 792 Mississippi - 201, 829 231,713 70, 974 504, 516 Montana _ 110, 403 110, 403 Nevada _ .. _ 10 6 47 138 3, 134 13, 956 17! 291 New Jersey 1 _ 564, 111 95, 923 660, 034 Ohio _ _ 25, 986 1,175,489 17, 951 1, 219, 426 Oklahoma 1 _ _ 8 36 87 1,136 32, 484 489, 641 523, 392 Rhode Island. _ 119, 159 119, 159 Tennessee 522. 138 115, 782 637. 920 Texas _ 421 1,408 71, 707 199, 572 896, 057 1,763 608 1, 171, 536 Utah _ _ _ 138, 907 138, 907 Vermont _ 55, 147 5, 349 60, 496 Virginia -_ _ 434, 384 149, 172 583, 556 Washington _ 339, 977 339, 977 West Virginia _ 443. 789 443, 789 Wisconsin - _ _ 541, 533 18, 935 560, 468 Wyoming - _ 56, 970 56, 970 District of Columbia 100, 672 100, 672 Outlying parts of the United States _ 104,628 ' 262,260 2, 892 369, 780 Alaska 6, 428 6, 428 American Samoa 2, 647 2,647 Canal Zone . _ 3,268 2,892 6, 160 Hawaii 88, 885 88,885 Puerto Rico 262, 260 262, 260 Virgin Islands 3,400 3, 400 1 Average daily attendance. 2 Membership. 86 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 10. — Average daily attendance in public day schools , 1937-38 State, District of Columbia, or outlying part Kindergar¬ ten and elemen¬ tary schools Reorganized High Schools Regular and voca¬ tional high schools Total, including undistrib¬ uted items Junior Junior- senior Senior * 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States _ 11,042,606 940,089 538,264 623, 677 2, 381, 850 22, 298, 200 Alabama _ _ _ . 398, 191 69, 102 269, 509 632, 762 91, 166 52, 780 542, 137 86, 182 357, 812 1, 039, 391 200,243 266,870 39, 176 313, 231 577, 481 106, 106 1, 132, 405 620, 691 448, 699 344, 739 482, 124 386.906 148, 398 256,858 669, 911 889, 102 461,964 454, 615 610, 384 98, 553 252, 468 17, 228 67, 045 660,034 100,986 2, 032, 495 771, 982 123, 997 1, 147, 826 492. 907 171, 873 1, 705, 192 104, 811 391, 332 110, 799 517, 582 1, 099, 301 124, 859 60,496 493, 266 281, 432 398, 437 506, 803 47, 593 83, 478 Arizona... . . ... _ 17, 080 17, 311 162, 246 Arkansas . _ _ California. _ _ _ _ Colorado.. _ _ .. . ... 12, 334 123, 961 50, 558 43, 932 8, 100 76, 490 Connecticut _ _ _ Delaware _ _ Florida _ Georgia _ _ .... .. 178, 145 23, 822 213, 179 22, 779 3, 927 56, 279 6, 198 7, 459 8,574 3, 177 37, 520 51, 174 791 6,253 Idaho. _ .. _ . .. 76,568 29,538 Illinois _ Indiana.. . _ . 453, 066 294, 360 224, 663 372, 286 312, 049 114, 332 180, 222 397, 928 167, 625 67, 920 87, 426 32, 476 74, 857 34,066 23, 768 77, 283 Iowa . . . . . .. Kansas _ . . 32, 596 32, 650 14, 278 20, 164 33, 659 Kentucky _ Louisiana _ _ _ 52, 316 10,768 Maine _ _ _ Maryland.. .. . _ Massachusetts _ Michigan _ _ _ _ 19, 598 99, 193 19,082 14, 188 95,507 Minnesota _ _ Mississippi .. ... _ .. 299, 231 396, 334 450, 104 69, 867 177, 352 12, 675 42, 633 452, 549 83, 974 49,285 32, 571 49, 595 31, 282 58, 281 102, 121 28, 686 75, 116 4, 553 131, 940 17, 012 Missouri _ _ _ _ Montana . . _ _ 20,040 12, 833 25,286 Nebraska... .. Nevada. _ _ .... New Hampshire _ . New Jersey _ . ._ New Mexico.. . . New York _ ... 6, 175 38, 493 11,286 18, 237 25, 766 North Carolina _ _ .. .. North Dakota. . _ 608, 485 163, 497 Ohio. _ . _ _ Oklahoma _ _ _ .. 724, 315 379, 996 114, 568 87, 369 136, 055 65, 633 134, 454 112, 911 49, 930 Oregon _ .. .... 7, 375 Pennsylvania ...... Rhode Island. _. . . South Carolina _ 63, 121 324, 970 20, 291 3, 295 13, 709 4,395 66, 362 South Dakota ... _ .. Pennsylvania. ... _ . 416, 181 819, 846 73, 396 47, 427 383, 647 174, 271 286, 865 348, 317 34, 071 48, 227 22, 005 69, 650 22,561 79, 396 144, 257 4,908 Texas _ Utah _ Vermont. _ _ _ ... 19, 856 13,069 65, 548 4, 138 Virginia _ _ . 14, 582 28,663 25, 871 95, 037 55, 890 Washington. . _ . 22, 608 85, 701 West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ 158, 486 13, 522 Wyoming _ _ _ .. District of Columbia _ _ _ Outlying parts of the United States. . Alaska. . . . 18, 968 1, 281 15, 002 1,514,385 575 548 921 71,119 1, 684, 167 5, 236 2, 407 5,646 4, 518 84, 458 1, 345,985 ■ 232,731 3, 186 American Samoa.. ... ... Canal Zone _ _ _ _ 4,252 473 921 Guam _ .. . .. ... _ Hawaii.. . . . .. Philippine Islands _ . . . 1, 286, 037 221, 560 2,536 59, 948 11, 171 Puerto Rico _ Virgin Islands ... ... 102 548 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 87 Table 11. — Aggregate number of days attended in public day schools , 1937-38 State, District of Columbia, or outly¬ ing part Kindergarten and elementary schools Reorganized High Schools Regular and vocational high schools Total, including undivided items Junior Junior- senior Senior 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States 1, 809, 807, 047 167, 365, 540 95, 596, 403 111, 322,913 399,860,425 3, 877,815, 957 57, 838, 728 11, 418, 651 41, 418, 857 110,812, 700 14, 988, 179 8, 977, 039 81,803,946 14, 390, 571 56, 406, 837 182, 986, 404 34, 157, 148 48, 553, 330 7, 181, 936 53, 501, 187 95, 695, 262 18, 313, 553 207, 957,085 105, 208, 970 78, 949, 935 59, 446, 162 76, 730, 668 65, 353, 281 26, 594, 180 48,002,319 120, 482, 804 156, 482, 022 79, 816, 334 64, 734, 206 107, 452, 572 17, 294, 870 44, 644, 375 2, 996, 185 11,924,545 122, 436, 810 17,891,534 361,035, 184 126, 314, 456 22, 603, 647 207, 982, 387 86, 548, 256 29, 416, 536 309, 620, 964 18, 865, 980 62, 423, 737 19, 764, 061 86, 072, 411 186, 975,116 21,755, 000 10, 822, 734 85, 190, 428 50, 786, 733 69, 485, 635 91, 279, 214 8, 390, 381 15,094, 066 2, 971, 920 3, 040, 795 28, 393, 050 2, 123, 688 22, 312, 980 8, 381, 697 7, 775, 964 1, 441, 800 13, 691, 710 32, 381, 191 4, 360, 714 36,411,890 4, 161, 723 724, 822 9, 612, 730 1, 131, 135 1, 364, 696 1, 565, 613 587, 809 6, 408, 486 9, 313, 668 143, 895 1,068, 081 13, 168, 181 5, 145, 372 76, 713, 729 51,663,851 38, 192, 710 57, 304, 739 52, 022, 633 20, 425,811 33, 587, 253 71, 219, 695 28, 495, 241 11,950, 213 15, 474, 402 5, 699, 323 13, 330, 648 6, 168, 369 4, 387, 253 13, 917, 447 5, 811, 729 5, 779, 050 2, 561, 213 3, 609, 227 5,914, 915 9, 226, 516 1, 938, 877 3, 723, 620 18, 046, 036 3,608,473 2, 695, 720 17, 299, 626 51, 136, 118 55, 181, 137 77, 392, 905 12, 269, 135 31, 333, 564 2, 193, 450 7,587,800 83, 936, 812 14, 863, 398 8,742,822 5, 631, 548 8, 769, 555 5, 536, 291 9, 553, 069 19, 112, 937 5, 025, 735 13, 310,811 802, 735 Mississippi Missouri . . 3, 773, 419 2, 412, 254 4, 761, 057 Montana Nebraska. Nevada _ _ - New Hampshire 1, 098, 533 7, 141, 237 3, 238, 212 4, 779,958 New Jersey _ - _ 2, 069,837 24, 508, 966 3, 028, 136 New Mexico .. . . New York _ North Carolina _ 99,304,752 27,009,704 North Dakota Ohio - -- -- - 131, 043, 506 16, 071, 876 24, 784,499 11, 847, 791 24, 234, 715 Oklahoma _ Oregon 19,478,155 1, 273, 741 8, 664, 640 Pennsylvania Rhode Island _ 11, 361, 780 50, 751, 761 3, 652, 380 593, 100 2, 467, 620 791, 100 11, 671, 976 South Carolina _ - - South Dakota _ _ TVnnessee 68, 102, 318 138, 725, 457 12, 791, 227 8, 425, 887 66, 258, 473 31, 448, 644 50, 029, 256 62, 565, 509 5, 964, 921 8, 719, 749 3, 899, 684 12, 215, 170 4, 031, 439 14, 070, 409 24, 530, 815 870, 188 Texas 11, 503, 674 718,055 Utah ... _ 3, 344, 091 2, 396, 847 Vermont. Virginia _ 2, 518, 412 5, 172, 476 4, 501, 554 16, 413, 543 10, 085, 813 Washington 4,079,800 14, 954, 825 West Virginia Wisconsin _ _ 28, 713, 705 2, 425, 460 Wyoming _ District of Columbia- Outlying parts of the United States 3, 427, 027 231,894 2, 715, 396 298, 822, 628 100, 480 99,068 164, 555 14,546, 826 331,250, 791 Alaska 909, 943 409, 122 1, 214, 562 826, 878 15, 371, 291 267, 026, 166 44, 917, 081 575, 748 American Samoa. Canal Zone 968, 080 81, 927 164, 555 Guam Hawaii Philippine Islands - Puerto Rico 254, 635, 326 42, 761,095 458, 127 12, 390, 840 2, 155, 986 Virgin Islands 18, 553 99, 068 88 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 12. — Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary day schools at different dates State, District of Co¬ lumbia, or outlying part r- k 00 1879-80 1889-90 1899-1900 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1937-38 > 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental U. S. Alabama _ ... 4, 545, 317 6, 144, 143 8, 153, 635 10, 632, 772 12, 827, 307 16, 150, 035 21, 264, 886 22, 298, 200 107, 666 117, 978 2, 847 182, 467 4,702 297, 805 10, 177 266, 589 20, 094 367, 554 46, 420 473, 553 75, 969 542, 137 86, 182 Arkansas 46, 600 i 54, 700 i 148, 714 195, 401 255, 135 326, 053 330, 825 357, 812 California. ...... _ 64, 286 100, 966 146, 589 197, 395 286, 744 480, 864 908, 765 1, 039, 391 Colorado. _ _ 2, 611 12, 618 38, 715 73, 291 107, 520 150, 090 190, 742 200, 243 Connecticut. _ 62, 683 73, 546 83, 656 111, 564 2 147, 190 205, 213 274, 482 266, 870 Delaware. ... 12, 700 17, 439 19, 649 25, 300 22, 559 27, 368 36, 255 39, 176 Florida... ...... . 10, 900 27, 046 64, 819 75, 003 103, 892 165, 720 267, 042 313, 231 Georgia. . . ..... 31, 377 145, 190 240, 791 298, 237 346, 295 467, 081 538, 271 577, 481 Idaho _ _ _ 600 3, 863 1 9, 500 21, 962 51, 137 84, 642 98, 479 106, 106 Illinois. _ _ _ 341, 686 431, 638 538, 310 737, 576 779, 040 956, 090 1, 203, 537 1, 132, 405 Indiana _ _ _ 295, 071 321, 659 342, 275 429, 566 420, 780 457, 113 596, 416 620, 691 Iowa.. .. _ _ _ 211, 562 259, 836 306, 309 373, 474 360, 178 405, 567 465, 051 448, 699 Kansas ..... 52, 891 137, 669 243, 300 261, 783 291, 329 309, 505 364, 801 344, 739 Kentucky _ 129, 866 178, 000 225, 739 310, 339 315, 196 3 342, 669 432, 862 482, 124 Louisiana _ ... . 40, 500 i 54, 800 87, 536 146, 323 182, 659 256, 133 349, 594 386, 906 Maine _ 100, 392 103, 115 98, 364 97, 697 106, 955 115, 885 138, 043 148, 398 Maryland _ . _ 56, 435 85, 778 102, 351 134, 400 145, 762 175, 312 235, 555 256, 858 Massachusetts _ 201, 750 233, 127 273, 910 366. 136 444, 090 519, 905 675, 676 669, 911 Michigan _ . . _ 193, 000 i 240, 000 i 282, 000 355, 226 443, 458 521, 251 814, 967 889, 102 Minnesota _ 50, 694 4 78, 400 127, 025 243, 224 348, 500 394, 859 456, 836 461, 964 Mississippi _ 90, 000 156, 761 207, 704 224, 526 261, 384 3 259, 982 436, 162 454, 615 Missouri. . _ 187, 024 i 281, 000 384, 627 460, 012 490, 390 531, 221 576, 417 610, 384 Montana. _ 1, 100 i 3, 000 10, 596 i 26, 300 41, 314 91, 744 105, 327 98, 553 Nebraska _ _ _ 14, 300 60, 156 146, 139 181, 874 191, 076 232, 515 259, 188 252, 468 Nevada _ _ _ 1,800 5,401 5, 064 4, 698 4 7, 400 10, 625 14, 977 17, 228 New Hampshire _ 48, 150 48, 966 41, 526 47, 276 50, 101 53, 245 65, 966 67, 045 New Jersey. _ _ _ 86, 812 115, 194 133, 286 207, 947 324, 239 476, 261 662, 961 660, 034 New Mexico _ 880 3, 150 i 13, 000 22, 433 37, 389 59, 442 76, 216 100, 986 New York _ _ _ 493, 648 573, 089 642, 984 857, 488 1, 122, 649 1, 361, 600 1, 866, 243 2, 032, 495 North Carolina.. _ 73, 000 170, 100 203, 100 206, 918 331, 335 473, 552 672, 895 771, 982 North Dakota _ 1, 040 i 8, 530 20, 694 43, 500 90, 149 128, 436 148, 614 123, 997 Ohio _ _ _ 432, 452 476, 279 549, 269 616, 365 648, 544 808, 712 1, 141, 324 1, 147, 826 Oklahoma _ _ _ 63, 718 278, 650 355, 998 470, 090 492, 907 Oregon _ _ 15, 000 27, 435 43, 333 64, 411 103, 553 136, 575 155, 166 171, 873 Pennsylvania _ 567, 188 601, 627 682, 941 854, 640 1, 001, 464 1. 266, 350 1, 661, 128 1, 705, 192 Rhode Island. _ _ 22, 485 27, 217 33, 905 47, 124 61, 487 73, 387 102, 584 104, 811 South Carolina _ 44, 700 i 90, 600 147, 799 201, 295 243, 901 331, 451 348, 482 391, 332 South Dakota. _ _ (4) (4) 48, 327 4 68, 000 80, 032 98, 907 138, 635 110, 799 Tennessee _ 89, 000 208, 528 323, 548 338, 566 363, 953 457, 503 481, 962 517, 582 Texas _ 41, 000 i 132. 000 291, 941 438, 779 544, 691 745, 667 1, 073, 847 1, 099, 301 Utah _ 12, 819 17, 178 20, 967 50, 595 69, 246 97, 745 120, 573 124, 859 Vermont _ 44, 100 48, 606 45, 887 47, 020 52, 104 50, 186 57, 975 60, 496 Virginia _ _ _ 77, 402 128, 404 198, 290 216, 464 259, 394 351, 171 452, 567 493, 266 Washington. _ 3, 300 10, 546 36, 946 74, 717 156, 064 211, 239 278, 520 281, 432 West Virginia _ 51, 336 91, 604 121, 700 151, 254 189,900 256, 479 350, 046 398, 437 Wisconsin. _ _ 132, 000 156, 000 200, 457 4 309, 800 320, 439 368, 712 473, 258 506, 803 Wyoming.. ...... 250 1,920 i 4, 700 4 9, 650 16, 730 33, 297 47, 730 47, 593 District of Columbia. .. 10, 261 20, 637 28, 184 35, 403 44, 627 52, 739 68, 312 83,478 Outlying parts of the United States 945,314 1,286,372 1,684, 167 5,236 2,407 5, 646 4,518 84, 458 1, 345, 985 232, 731 3, 186 Alaska 2,505 2,899 American Samoa Canal Zone 2, 575 6, 070 3,532 68, 510 1, 008, 904 193, 396 3, 061 Guam _ _ _ Hawaii ... 38,451 756, 533 145, 250 Philippine Islands. Puerto Rico Virgin Islands 1 Approximate. 2 High-school attendance not reported. 2 Figures for 1919. 4 Included with North Dakota. Table 13. — Average length of school term and school attendance in public day schools , 1870-1938 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 89 Number attending daily for each 100 enrolled, 1937-38 18 85.8 01P500-I MHOO'# COOmCiCS C51Q1QC5CO gSisS2$5 S88££g SSg&SS Average number of days at¬ tended by each pupil enrolled, 1937-38 15 e* i ©OOCSi-lOO CO CD CO © OO Nt OhOh OOHrf NO tista’gg 3'gggg 8SS3S 2 ggsg Average Number of Days Schools Were in Session, 1870-1938 1937-38 All schools o* g ciOffliHtc e» r o co o©o» -r © ' ig isggs sggg i 1929-30 8 g 150.0 175. 1 149.4 178.3 180.0 183. 7 183. 0 154.4 148. 0 162.6 188.4 173.4 175.9 169.8 165.0 151.0 179.0 186. 1 183. 3 185.6 1919-20 7 161.9 HCrtCOJ lONHON OQOOOO gg|g$3 gaSggg gSggg §§ggg 1909-10 6 158 SgoSS §2222 1899- 1900 5 5 2|£gg Sgg§2 §2222 1889-90 1 22§*° 2222s 2^222 1879-80 3 s 00 O * 21 M 2 jo : §s mil 1870-71 2 s 1 5 gs? g| is 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 * §2 28822 SS||| State; District of Columbia, or outlying part Continental United States . Alabama . . . . . Arizona . . . Arkansas _ California . . A UlUIttUU . _ _ Connecticut _ _ Delaware _ _ _ Florida . . . . ueorgia _ _ _ _ _ _ Idaho . . . Illinois . . . Indiana _ Iowa . . . . Kentucky _ Louisiana _ _ Maine . . . Maryland _ _ _ Massachusetts . . Michigan _ _ 246227°— 41- - 7 Footnotes at end of table. Table 13.— Average length of school term and school attendance in public day schools, 1870-1938 — Continued 90 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 jg.S.gS'ga Z'g'O © S 00>OWH NOOtDOOO »c«doon»o o . N rn n or oo < < to oo > ^ ) 00 00 g fe tip IlH-sil p © © ■ cor^ © I cd rji > to to to (NHOOO'V co ^5 cd tO CO CO ‘O CS CO CO *o N CO 05 CO ^ <0 to *-<’ © 00 00 ^ to CO CO to to tO N CO CO )OCOO^ : cd 05 CO 05 ) to to ^ ^ 1937-38 All schools 14 CC rr< O to 00 05 05 to O* CO © CO CS © C* CO C to CO CO HW05NO (N ci CO to CO CO N tO N N CO N H to »h © ©* 00 CO d^COWO co oo go oo oo to © r^t^t^t^oo ■ Regular and voca¬ tional high schools 13 177.0 163.9 187.2 175.2 177.2 176.3 185.8 178.0 165.2 cf 00 to cd © © © to oo - i 00 i i i !>• 00 ' to g © ! © ! 00 ■ i to to i i © • td cd i i © i i i oo Junior- senior 11 » i 00 • ' i i 00 i £ 00 © ! © ! 00 ■ ' rf i I i oo cd i i I ICO 00 1 • II II Junior 10 1 •'f ' CO ' ' 1 05 O ' . 1 . 1 1 1 . . 1 i oo ' ' 1 1"» co • r^» i oo i ' i u- oo ' i i i i i o g r^ c4 o ' g : 177.2 175.4 178. 7 172. 7 180.0 Kinder¬ garten and elemen¬ tary schools 9 05C^05C0t>- ©©to© © © i-i to cd cd to t^cot^t^t^ co oo r^> 163.2 05 © 00 © © © cs gg © CO © C0 © 1^.* (N © © © U- U- U- GO 1929-30 8 180. 1 133.4 180.5 173.5 175. 2 178. 9 179. 0 188.4 172. 2 187. 5 154.3 165. 7 179.2 173. 3 182.9 181.2 175.3 147.0 178.5 163.2 146.0 172.5 172. 1 164. 1 179.4 1919-20 7 160.0 3 122. 0 162.8 166.4 164.0 167.0 174.0 189.0 165.0 188.0 134.0 166.9 165.0 166.4 152.0 176.8 182. 1 109.6 167.0 133. 5 155. 6 166.4 162. 0 147.0 176. 4 1909-10 6 05 CO to to rr to^T^OOO NNOO00 O CO to CO O 1-HtOQOO* N to 00 N ^000000 O TJH ^ CO N050CDM COOCD^N 1899- 1900 5 05H-^Nt0 ^ 00 CO to HCOtOtON NrH00O5CO X^CDOOO COO^OCO to^ooo-r^ NtOCD05r^ CO 05 GO OQ 05 o to to c<5 1 1889-90 4 GO CO 05 CO O OCOfNNN 05 CO (N 00 ^ Tt< ^rHOSCOGO to T-H CO 00 00 00©tOCD ©co©oot>» ^oor^-^oo o co co r-H 05 1879-80 3 ^tOTt^COC^ COtOC^i-H© OcO, o a ara-a > SelJ & * ofi 1 1 OOflM aaajj® .P ^ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 91 91.0 90.4 83.5 82.9 § tOOSNH OWNN 156.6 162.9 147.3 149.9 g COOlCO Oi © CO CO SjSgg gggg 174.4 180. 1 176.3 180.8 196. 7 173.8 170. 0 215. 1 183.0 182.0 198.0 193.0 180.7 ' n ! j ;s l i 194.0 i i ! ! ! o c i i jg I Z '• i \ i i 181.0 ! ' i : if 51 i i 174. 5 181.0 180.8 j i i i j i j j ' 00 ll 174.0 1 180.7 174. 9 ! > c i jj i i i i i n i ii « j ; ; ' © is 174.4 179.6 175.1 180.8 eo s' ! ! r i ii 1 1 >. 1 i o c S i |S: D CD it 165.7 179.2 161.3 173.6 190.7 176.2 142.0 207.6 203.0 169.0 192.0 191.2 190.0 138.9 175.3 152.0 178.0 190.5 177.4 1M. 0 181.0 193.0 D I -< ! 2 : 134 180 141 181 g§2 g £ 90 165 119 193 -1 200 i i II ll II ll II II : ; ; ; West Virginia_ 1 Wiomncin Wyoming _ _ District of Columbia _ Outlying parts of the United States _ Alaska _ _ American Samoa Canal Zone - - - Guam . . . llawaii _ _ — Philippine Islands - Puerto Rico _ _ _ Virgin Islands _ as o II Table 14. Number of members and other personnel of State boards of education and local school boards and boards of trustees , 1937—38 92 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Administrative Units Total, including undistributed items Local school trustees 46,563 6, 810 : i i i ; & ns i i fee j j iii ii ill ii ill i i 2, 713 899 ‘91 Other adminis¬ trative boards 2 3 iii i i : : i : i HI || Boards of education eo 1 i 563 1, 192 10, 740 10, 155 6, 490 1,229 58 90fi is 1 SiSli ilsis gsisg 1 1 1 O Local school trustees o* § d j j j| iii i i III || : : : Hi I : i 1 lO Other adminis¬ trative boards - S iii ii iii ii iii ii iii ii iii ii ■ ii ii || Boards of edu¬ cation o K 6" 228 1, 182 10, 740 10, 155 6, 490 1, 229 58 I i il: i pi ggg 2 i' HCON i 05 ' 0*1 1 05 Tt< 1 i Tf U- 1 ia ^ : ! 05 U- County, except independent units Local school trustees 05 14, 131 i j jS 1 3 Boards of edu¬ cation GO 1 3 8 § i i i i ji j i i § 3 Entire county Local school trustees - 6,361 i i is ; i iii ii iii i i < : ! : ; ii iii i i ( iii ii 2 i i> i N 1 i Boards of edu¬ cation CO i ef 1 i C 1 T => ! i i i o , 1 . to® «5 ee tji cj . Clerical assist¬ ants r ! - Continental United States _ Alabama. _ . Arkansas California _ Colorado . Connecticut _ .. . ... Delaware.. _ Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho... Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky. . Louisiana _ ... .. . ... Maine Massachusetts _ _. . Michigan Minnesota . . Mississippi TUiecmiri Montana.. _ . _ _ Nebraska _ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 93 2 Includes 1,260 members in county intermediate units. Table 15. — -Personnel in offices of education in basic administrative units , 1937-38 Total BIENNL TS O | S * 1L SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 1-I5S ss18i “i§il Clerical assist¬ ants to 190 19 54 S3 s ! t> s j i i is 1 ! 5 82 Adminis¬ trative and professional assistants US oo>o»^o ,0005S ! oo i rji r-H 1 is 81 Zf ' eocaeat o ! 5 j 00 40 Super¬ intend¬ ents 2 3ssS§ S2Bgg 2§i§Ss BS8SR l All Other Basic Administrative Units Total eo S3S i” § issr "“sgg l"=i” Clerical assist¬ ants e* 32S 3 s ! io s§ i § is Adminis¬ trative and professional assistants a 3 5 7 150 | *0 00 I $2 82 | CO CM CM < a | 40 22 super¬ intend¬ ents o — SIS S3 iiS i 1 3gS§" 2-g2~ County, Except Independent Units Total OS 2 is s | ^ i ° i i r 1 1 Clerical assist¬ ants GO 2 i i Adminis- 1 trative and professional assistants *0 1 i i i i i i i i super¬ intend¬ ents 4© £ i ;S S i r i ° i ' 2^ Entire County Total i i j82 31 230 2 ! T"H 40 ! c 75 ! Clerical assist¬ ants - i§ is S j | c • 3 Adminis- trative and professional assistants CO iss i is i i 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 1 „ t* ! ill 5.S§ N ss S3 to ! f o ! § State or District of Columbia - Alabama _ Arizona - Arkansas California. _ _ ^uiuiauo _ Connecticut _ _ i i i iii m Illinois. . . Indiana Iowa _ _ Kansas Kentucky.. _ _ Louisiana Maine _ _ _ Maryland _ _ _ ! : fl] tWi ±vj.iaoiBoippi_ _ _ _ Nebraska _ .. Nevada _ ... New Hampshire _ new _ _ _ New Mexico _ New York _ North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 95 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS i Includes district and union superintendencies. 2 In addition there are 85 counties in which the county judge acts as ex officio 3 Includes 2 clerical assistants. superintendent. Table 17. — Instructional staff, the average salary of instructional staff and the number of clerical assistants in public day schools, 1937-38 98 BTENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 a £5 0'S C /I 5 |i°§! I pj§| 1 < 03 S-So MOHHrf cT i-T cn »«0) 00O5O5CM00 HNIOINM OHN ^COt^ < CO CM CO lO CO 05 ’ ) CM CM CO rH C0C0^H05l^ CO CM t-h CM 1 UtJ . cd o >» a* >-a a i-s£ o « s o W“g° . E a a* a Oa° sf £ •< i © ,2o>> SSa aS © m u> .2-0 0,3 >. a e 'S .£f a D 5 g •2 g>>? 3- a O M«-,d P>> o ^^.£fa .0-0 >> o-Sfa 3.0 O ® 3 ^ i -x) E - ■a S a) fl p>>B mo .a e^g |-s ?• w^S °.s - 05 Tt< (M 05 05 05 of °fl ® CSC 9 - * C-g v a £§ O •/. .. 9 3 o '3 § 3-C •iS’i'S a®5S| !|| Ss §«**;» Sgas. oQpmoS s , 3^2 ^ O M .22 fl ^ CD 2 c 3~£s:§ fl c3 ‘o, 0.2- £ m [ebrasks STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 107 >8 > Ss is E* is ««o«e £££££ OP J3 X! a 2 a ■Q o o Ojgjx ^^OOO S^.S-S 0^55 a cSaafl ®5oo® PhWoqcoE-1 o.S c S-giHi x c3 u. rr c3 © -^ ©.£2Jr bp>>>£ a m a be •sS'm a ^o'a OJ.i-5 >> "TC “■o C g II 3P o IN Sl-ag Ja§§ 108 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 24. — Value of public property used for school purposes , 1937-38 Value of— Average Value of School Property— State, District of Colum¬ bia, or outlying part Sites and buildings Equipment (furni ure, libraries, apparatus, etc.) Property used for school purposes Per pupil en¬ rolled Per pupil in aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Per unit of popu¬ lation Per unit of popu¬ lation 5-17 years of age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States.. $5, 686, 465, 493 $585, 812, 157 $7,115,377,402 $274 $319 $55 $231 Alabama _ -... -- .. 52, 263, 984 5, 415, 894 57, 679, 878 86 106 20 70 Arizona. - - 16, 988, 091 2, 878, 287 19, 866, 378 181 231 47 160 Arkansas. - .. 34, 140, 726 3, 956, 734 38, 097, 460 82 106 18 70 California 1 _ . 389, 209, 699 49, 857, 006 439,066,705 367 422 70 390 Colorado. .. - - - . 56, 205, 892 6, 724, 393 62, 930, 285 277 314 58 243 113,117, 838 383 424 65 301 Delaware - - 18, 632, 409 1, 730, 459 20, 362, 868 453 520 77 366 Florida. - 73, 292, 055 7, 305, 268 80, 597, 323 210 257 47 208 Georgia - 59, 807, 680 7, 288, 374 67, 096, 054 92 116 22 79 Idaho. . - - -- 22, 623, 498 3, 975, 617 26, 599, 115 219 251 53 213 Illinois _ - 478, 831, 782 38, 626, 418 517, 458, 200 404 457 65 304 Indiana _ - - ... 176, 309, 649 14, 062, 679 190, 372, 328 276 307 55 244 129,485,565 249 289 51 215 Kansas 2 - - 95, 602, 014 12, 821, 904 108, 423,918 273 315 59 236 Kentucky.. - ... ... 67, 981, 824 6, 620, 710 74, 602, 534 121 155 25 100 Louisiana - 52,261,245 4, 937, 202 57, 198, 447 124 148 27 93 Maine - - - - 31, 585, 177 3, 972, 972 35, 558, 149 217 240 41 182 Maryland .. _ 81,336, 202 277 317 48 201 Massachusetts .. _ _ 302, 456, 136 406 451 68 359 Michigan.. . . 325, 490, 824 34, 829, 755 360, 320, 579 375 405 74 300 Minnesota — - - 160, 466, 817 16, 914, 537 177, 381, 354 334 384 66 281 Mississippi _ - 49, 643, 464 84 109 24 81 Missouri _ ... - 161,924,202 15, 457, 074 177,381,276 251 291 44 212 Montana. .. .. .. ... 31,288,108 4, 416, 189 35, 704, 297 323 362 65 265 Nebraska.. .. ... .. 75, 153, 995 8, 675, 158 83, 829, 153 289 332 61 244 Nevada. . - - - 5, 679, 319 939, 152 6, 618, 471 325 384 65 358 New Hampshire - 19, 965, 632 2, 238, 134 22, 203, 766 291 331 43 207 New Jersey _ — — . 322, 543, 587 24, 656, 023 347, 199, 610 465 526 80 372 New Mexico .. .. . 13, 749, 717 1, 885, 305 15, 635, 022 120 155 37 122 New York _ . 992, 975, 158 91, 551, 626 1,084,526,784 470 534 84 407 North Carolina _ _ _ 113, 679, 644 129 147 32 108 North Dakota. _ ... 39, 685, 991 271 320 56 203 Ohio _ 372, 099, 980 31, 000, 023 403, 100, 003 322 351 60 255 Oklahoma 3 _ _ 84, 633. 650 13, 097, 419 97, 731,069 153 198 38 140 Oregon. . .. - 53, 144, 168 6, 171, 619 59, 315, 787 306 345 57 298 Pennsylvania . . 576. 741,036 53, 046, 833 629, 787, 869 324 369 62 261 Rhode Island.. - - 41,378,977 3, 190, 039 44, 569. 016 374 425 65 283 South Carolina. . _ _ 42, 957, 431 4,171,473 47, 128. 904 96 120 25 81 South Dakota _ 35, 443, 871 4, 900, 098 40, 343. 969 283 364 58 216 Tennessee 4 . _ 46, 996. 585 4, 592, 209 51. 588, 794 81 100 18 69 Texas _ _ _ _ 224, 512, 721 40, 378, 555 264, 891, 276 195 241 42 161 Utah _ 36, 752, 865 3, 461, 649 40, 214, 514 304 322 77 255 Vermont _ _ 13, 694, 912 202 226 35 160 Virginia. - 68, 887, 529 7, 778, 615 76, 666, 144 131 155 28 108 Washington _ _ 83, 278, 368 10, 961,258 94. 239, 626 277 335 56 276 West Virginia. . 63, 529, 536 8, 146, 973 71, 676, 509 162 180 38 133 Wisconsin _ 161, 757, 212 17, 842, 399 179, 599, 611 320 354 61 250 Wyoming3.. _ . ... 12, 092, 209 1, 126, 723 13, 218, 932 232 278 56 224 District of Columbia.. . 47, 286, 271 4, 209, 402 51, 495, 673 512 617 81 537 Outlying parts of the United States _ 24,272, 828 4, 026, 492 31, 730, 052 85 95 13 43 Alaska3. .. . ... . 1, 580, 819 246 302 25 107 American Samoa 3 ______ 37, 898 14 3 11 Canal Zone. .. ... _ 1, 812, 015 294 321 34 158 Hawaii _ _ _ 11, 827, 787 2, 545, 893 14. 373, 680 162 170 38 125 Puerto Rico _ _ 12, 227. 641 1, 471, 926 13, 699, 567 56 63 8 25 Virgin Islands ... . .. 217, 400 8, 673 226, 073 66 71 10 38 i 1932 data. 2 1937 data. 3 1936 data. 4 1934 data. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 109 Table 25. — Permanent school funds , State debts to permanent school funds, and school lands, 1937-38 State Permanent School Funds Unsold School Lands State County Local Total Number of acres Value 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States _ $466, 566, 844 $19, 146, 382 $52, 763, 991 $538,477,217 32, 908, 895 $337,287, 934 Alabama ... _ 3, 442. 085 76, 340 3, 518, 425 125, 000 625, 000 Arizona _ 2, 245, 216 2, 245, 216 ! 1 7, 500, 000 1 20, 000! 000 Arkansas _ _ 3, 305, 500 3, 305. 500 14, 171 ’ 354’ 275 California _ 10, 629. 804 10, 629, 804 1 850, 000 1,275,000 Colorado 11, 421, 851 11, 421, 851 62, 924 Connecticut _ 2, 109, 177 i 975, 886 3, 085, 063 Delaware _ 1, 926. 200. 60,000 1, 986, 200 Florida. _ 4, 876, 948 4, 876, 948 174, 970 1, 749, 696 26, 241, 960 Idaho _ 8, 455. 185 8, 455, 185 2, 624, 196 Illinois. _ 681, 433 46, 577, 368 47, 258, 801 8,225 Indiana _ _ 18, 117, 569 2, 493, 847 20, 611, 416 540 5,444 Iowa . . . 4, 878, 057 4, 878, 057 Kansas _ _ _ . 10, 822. 503 10, 822, 503 240 1,000 Kentucky _ _ 2, 367, 627 2, 367, 627 Louisiana _ 2 3, 339. 634 3, 339, 634 156, 810 2, 299, 776 Maine K _ _ _ 508,000 818, 458 1, 326, 458 Massachusetts 1 3 _ 5, 000. 000 5, 000, 000 Michigan _ _ 5, 913, 994 5, 913, 994 4, 816 4. 816 Minnesota _ 76, 283, 778 76, 283, 778 2, 049, 990 10, 249, 950 Mississippi _ 1, 000, 000 1, 000. 000 Missouri _ 651, 835 1, 762, 092 8, 263, 927 7, 950 Montana . _ 15, 351, 858 15, 351, 858 1 4, 502, 288 45, 022] 882 Nebraska _ _ 11,203, 117 11, 203, 117 1, 619, 902 6* 458’ 521 Nevada _ _ 3, 104, 801 3, 104, 801 136, 278 74’ 825 New Jersey _ _ 12, 956, 700 764, 670 13, 721, 370 New Mexico.. _ _ . 5, 627, 192 5, 627, 192 New York.. _ _ 9, 546. 977 9, 546, 977 North Carolina _ 1, 876. 867 1, 876, 867 North Dakota _ _ 21,352, 178 21, 352, 178 1, 337, 665 13, 376, 649 Ohio ... . ... .. .. i 3, 900, 200 i 3, 900, 200 9,000 Oklahoma i.. ... _ _ 38, 186, 514 38. 186, 514 349, 833 5, 767, 899 Oregon 8, 714, 067 8. 714, 067 1, 162. 722 2, 325! 444 Pennsylvania 1 _ 1, 526, 836 1, 526, 836 Rhode Island _ 359. 000 359, 000 South Dakota _ 15, 947, 345 15, 947, 345 2, 845, 583 28, 455, 834 Tennessee _ 2, 512, 500 2, 512, 500 Texas . _ 56, 511, 980 11, 879, 877 68, 391. 857 861,284 6, 697, 470 Utah . . . 6, 144, 180 6, 144, 180 4, 000, 000 10! 000! 000 Vermont l .... 1, 376, 367 1, 376, 367 Virginia _ 7, 529, 368 7, 529, 368 Washington 27, 481, 755 27, 481,755 1, 800,000 3125, 000, 000 West Virginia 4 . . 6, 647, 014 6, 647. 014 Wisconsin 10, 951,877 10. 951, 877 12, 548 125, 483 Wyoming. _ _ 20, 433, 590 20, 433, 590 i 3, 116, 806 1 31, 168] 060 1 1936 data. 2 1935 data. 3 Previously valued at $10 per acre. 4 U. S. Treasury statistics, 1936. 110 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Table 26.— -Percentage analysis of revenue receipts , 1937—38 Total Revenue Receipts State, District of Columbia, or outlying part Receiving and disbursing body From perma¬ nent funds and land leases From taxation and appro¬ priation From other sources, includ¬ ing Fed¬ eral aid and sub¬ sidies State and Federal aid and subsidies County Local > 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States _ 30.7 6.5 62.8 1.1 95.6 3.3 Alabama _ 54.5 22.4 23. 1 1.0 89. 1 9.9 Arizona _ 21.7 33.9 44.4 2. 1 96.8 1.1 Arkansas _ 47.6 2.6 49.8 1.2 95.0 3.8 California _ 44.0 1.4 54.6 .3 94.9 4.8 Colorado _ . - 4.7 23.2 72.1 3.8 92.0 4.2 Connecticut... . 8.3 91.7 .7 98.4 .9 Delaware _ _ 93. 1 6.9 1.7 95.8 2. 5 Florida _ 52.8 17.4 29.8 1.1 97.9 1.0 Georgia _ _ 52. 5 24.8 22. 7 92.7 7.3 Idaho ... 12.0 29.3 58.7 6.8 88.2 5.0 Illinois _ 8.7 . 1 91.2 .2 98.7 1.1 Indiana _ _ . 33.9 .5 65.6 1.7 96.4 1.9 Iowa _ ... . 2.0 3.7 94.3 .4 98.3 1.3 Kansas. .. ... . 10.2 13.0 76.8 1.7 94.4 3.9 Kentucky... 40.0 25.4 34.6 .6 94.9 4.5 Louisiana.. ... . 53.4 32.9 13.7 1.5 96.4 2.1 Maine . .. _ . 18.6 81.4 .7 94.8 4.5 Maryland 27.6 30.3 42. 1 94.7 5.3 Massachusetts. _. 11.3 88.7 .2 98.4 1.4 Michigan _ 44.7 .2 55. 1 .4 93.2 6.4 Minnesota... ... 40.0 .8 59.2 6.7 90.0 3.3 Mississippi _ 41.5 26.0 32.5 .7 96.5 2.8 Missouri... ... . 29.5 5.5 65.0 .9 95.0 4. 1 Montana _ 11.6 16.9 71.5 7.5 76.3 16.2 Nebraska _ 7.0 1.3 91.7 4.9 89.1 6.0 Nevada 28.8 32. 2 39.0 5.4 87.4 7.2 New Hampshire. 6.3 93.7 98. 1 1.9 New Jersey 6.4 15. 5 78. 1 .5 97.7 1.8 New Mexico.. 79.6 10. 1 10.3 17.1 79.4 3.5 New York _ 34.6 65.4 97.5 2.5 North Carolina.. 20.7 10.1 94.0 6.0 North Dakota _ 22! 0 6.4 71.6 5.8 90.8 3.4 Ohio 36. 1 1.7 62. 2 .3 95.6 4. 1 Oklahoma _ . 40.9 7. 1 52.0 2.7 84.4 12.9 Oregon.. . . 2.5 26.8 70.7 1.9 89.6 8.5 Revenue from Tax¬ ation and Appro¬ priation State 8 29.8 55.5 19.2 46.6 43.2 .2 7.3 92.8 52. 1 53.8 4.6 8.4 32.9 1.0 8.6 40. 1 53.6 18.6 24.0 10.6 46.9 36.3 40.2 29.8 4.0 .9 21.4 5.9 4.8 74.4 35.3 70.7 16.7 34.4 40.2 .2 County 9 6.5 25.0 35.0 2.8 1.5 25.2 17.4 23. 1 33.2 .1 .6 3.7 13.7 25.9 32.2 31.7 .2 .9 26.9 5. 1 22.1 36.9 15.8 12.8 21.1 7.0 1.8 6.4 29.9 Local 10 63.7 19.5 45.8 50.6 55.3 74.6 92.7 7.2 30.5 23.1 62.2 91.5 66.5 95.3 77.7 34.0 14.2 81.4 44.3 89.4 52.9 62.8 32.9 65.1 73.9 99.1 41.7 94. 1 79.4 12.8 64.7 8.2 76.3 63.8 53.4 69.9 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 111 Table 26. — Percentage analysis of revenue receipts, 1937-38 — Continued Total Revenue Receipts Revenue From Tax¬ ation and Appro¬ priation State, District of Columbia, or outlying part Receiving and disbursing body From perma¬ nent funds and land leases From taxation and appro¬ priation From other sources, includ¬ ing Fed¬ eral aid and sub¬ sidies State County Local State and Federal aid and subsidies County Local 1 * 3 * 5 6 7 8 9 10 21.2 78.8 0. 1 99.3 0. 6 20 7 79 3 Rhode Island _ 7.4 92.6 .4 98.7 .9 6.4 93.6 South Carolina. __ 52.9 5.5 41.6 96.9 3. 1 52.4 5.7 41.9 South Dakota _ 18.5 2.8 78.7 8.8 90.2 1.0 9.7 3.0 87.3 Tennessee _ 33.9 48.9 17.2 .6 97.4 2.0 32.2 50. 1 17.7 Texas _ 51.4 7 47.9 4.6 94.2 1. 2 49. 1 50.9 Utah _ 41.9 34.3 23.8 2. 1 95.3 2.6 40.0 35.3 24.7 Vermont _ - - 17.0 83.0 1.3 90. 7 8.0 15. 9 84. 1 Virginia _ _ 33.2 34.9 31.9 1.1 91.9 7.0 33.0 34.0 33.0 Washington _ 56.0 5.8 38.2 4.4 88.9 6.7 56.7 6.6 36.7 West Virginia _ 57.0 43.0 98.2 1.8 57.5 42. 5 Wisconsin _ 21.1 8.6 70.3 .7 96.5 2.8 19.2 8.9 71.9 Wyoming-. . . - 30.7 20.3 49.0 15.6 77.4 7.0 10.9 26.2 62.9 District of Co¬ lumbia 12.2 87.8 99.9 . 1 12. 2 87.8 _ _ Outlying parts of the United States _ 83.5 9.5 7.0 90.0 10.0 81.6 10.6 7.8 Alaska 81.4 18. 6 American Samoa. 100.0 Canal Zone 100.0 100.0 100.0 Guam _ 100.0 Hawaii 78. 2 21.8 98.7 1. 3 77.9 22. 1 Puerto Rico 86.9 13.1 81.7 18.3 84.0 16.0 Virgin Islands _ 100.0 87:4 12. 6 100.0 112 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 27. — Receipts from permanent school funds and leases of school lands, 1937-38 Receipts from — Total Receipts from Permanent Funds and Leases of School Lands— State Permanent funds Leases of school lands State County Local Total, including un¬ distributed items Amount Per pupil enrolled 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States. $20,177,226 $3, 853,679 $22, 012, 980 $1,231,533 $785,392 $24, 029,905 $0. 93 193, 202 13, 270 206, 472 206, 472 .31 77, 815 156, 506 234, 321 234, 321 2. 12 119, 155 43, 658 119, 155 43, 658 162, 813 .35 590, 126 2i; 868 611,994 611,994 .51 766, 759 766, 759 766, 759 3. 37 Connecticut _ 201, 535 112, 906 88, 629 201, 535 .68 72, 907 72, 907 72, 907 1.62 235, 522 235, 522 235, 522 .61 Idaho _ 470, 763 156, 920 627, 683 627, 683 5. 17 Illinois 354, 539 354, 539 354, 539 .28 Indiana _ _ 984, 589 856, 460 128, 129 984, 589 1.43 Iowa _ 176, 627 176, 627 176, 627 .34 Kansas 458, 728 458, 728 458, 728 1. 16 Kentucky. _ 141, 148 141, 148 141, 148 .23 Louisiana 117, 082 267, 308 117, 082 267, 308 384, 390 .83 Maine .. . . 67, 122 20, 965 46, 157 67, 122 .41 Massachusetts 1 _ 189, 012 189, 012 189, 012 .25 Michigan ... . 394, 213 394, 213 394, 213 .41 Minnesota . _ 3, 062, 802 3, 062, 802 3, 062, 802 5. 77 Mississippi. 89, 802 89, 802 89, 802 . 15 Missouri _ 435, 447 336, 618 98,829 435, 447 .61 Montana _ . 775, 542 144, 791 920, 333 920, 333 8. 34 Nebraska 446, 691 397, 074 843, 765 843, 765 2. 91 Nevada _ 89, 086 16, 605 105, 691 105, 691 5. 19 New Jersey ... 520, 706 507, 556 13, 150 520, 706 .70 New Mexico _ (2) 1, 171, 479 1, 171, 479 1, 171, 479 9. 02 North Dakota _ _ 612, 027 612, 027 612, 027 4. 18 Ohio _ _ _ 215, 599 144, 027 359, 626 359, 626 .29 Oklahoma .... 1, 016, 557 1, 016, 557 1, 016, 557 1.59 Oregon 350, 587 350, 587 350, 587 1. 81 Pennsylvania . 15, 039 15, 039 15, 039 .01 Rhode Island.. . .. 46, 451 21, 000 25, 451 46, 451 .39 South Dakota _ _ 745, 073 297,294 1, 042, 367 1, 042, 367 7. 31 Tennessee. _ _ 150, 750 150, 750 150, 750 .24 Texas 3, 945, 783 6,361 3, 337, 687 614, 457 3, 952, 144 2. 92 Utah _ 189, 154 41, 044 230, 198 230, 198 1.66 Vermont _ 67, 250 67, 250 67, 250 .99 Virginia. _ _ 274, 654 274, 654 274, 654 .47 Washington _ 1, 189,944 124, 767 1, 314, 711 1,314, 711 3. 87 Wisconsin _ 327, 438 415 327, 853 327, 853 .58 Wyoming (2) 849, 292 849, 292 849, 292 14. 91 | 1 Statistics, 1937. 2 Included in column 3. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 113 Table 28. — Income from appropriation and taxation, 1937-38 State, District of Columbia, or outlying part State County Local Total 1 2 3 4 t> Continental United States _ $632, 714, 211 $139, 385, 892 $1, 353, 680, 129 $2, 125, 780, 232 Alabama _ . . - _ 9, 737, 037 4, 391, 138 3, 430, 106 17, 558, 281 Arizona- .... _ 2, 077, 925 3, 786, 798 4, 966, 924 10, 831, 647 Arkansas . _ _ - 6, 007, 622 354, 285 6, 518, 043 12, 879, 950 73, 490, 767 2, 462, 594 94, 121, 412 170, 074, 773 Colorado. . _ 42, 360 4, 724, 937 13, 970, 140 18, 737, 437 2, 064, 956 26, 049, 148 28, 114, 104 3, 933, 657 305, 029 4, 238, 686 Florida. _ _ _ .. 11, 608, 530 3, 875, 940 6, 781, 315 22, 265, 785 Georgia _ 12, 581, 381 5, 399, 796 5, 396, 707 23, 377, 884 Idaho.. . . . _ 372, 866 2, 705, 596 5, 062, 399 8, 140, 861 Illinois _ _ 14, 153, 233 203, 252 154, 414, 921 168, 771, 406 Indiana ._ _ ... 18, 799, 717 2 322, 000 38, 023, 922 57, 145, 639 Iowa.. _ _ _ _ 422, 801 1, 528, 485 39, 294, 674 41, 245, 960 Kansas3.. . . _ . 2, 213, 993 3, 536, 115 20, 076, 104 25, 826, 212 Kentucky . _ _ . 9, 150, 303 5, 926, 804 7, 762, 194 22, 839, 301 Louisiana... . . _ . .. . . 13, 331, 377 8, 005, 984 3, 521, 529 24, 858, 890 1, 760, 053 7, 685, 229 9, 445, 282 Maryland _ _ 5, 804, 110 7, 686, 991 10, 716, 144 24, 207, 245 8, 435, 077 70, 785, 249 79, 220, 326 Michigan.. _ . .. 42, 650, 157 175, 600 48, 106, 868 90, 932, 625 Minnesota.. ... _ _ ... 14, 924, 802 354, 686 25, 779, 725 41, 059, 213 Mississippi . _ _ _ 5, 016, 214 3, 358, 694 4, 102, 014 12, 476, 922 Missouri. . _ _ _ 13, 876, 012 2, 369, 281 30, 377, 162 46, 622, 455 Montana _ ...... . ... 370, 508 2, 069, 696 6, 907, 781 9, 347, 985 Nebraska . 134, 182 15, 296, 063 15, 430, 245 Nevada. . _ .. _ 366, 672 630, 138 712, 508 1, 709, 318 New Hampshire 403,886 6, 435, 079 6, 838, 965 New Jersey. _ 4, 825, 446 15, 784, 176 79, 255, 260 99, 864, 882 New Mexico . ._ _ 4, 066, 496 696, 469 696, 468 5, 459, 433 New York 124, 648, 996 228, 580, 565 353, 229, 561 North Carolina ... _ _ _ . 25, 506, 990 7, 637, 260 2, 947, 422 36, 091, 672 North Dakota. ... _ ... 1, 588, 340 670, 806 7, 256, 776 9, 515, 922 Ohio.. _ _ 42, 570, 491 2, 228, 516 79, 070, 771 123, 869, 778 Oklahoma ... _ _ 13, 094, 288 2, 080, 582 17, 362, 594 32, 537, 464 Oregon _ . ... - - 38, 346 4, 873, 433 11, 397, 958 16, 309, 737 Pennsylvania _ _ 34, 211, 820 130, 829, 936 165, 041, 756 Rhode Island . _ _ _ 665, 466 9, 659, 494 10, 324, 960 South Carolina . _ _ _ . 7, 524, 440 809, 563 6, 014, 464 14, 348, 467 South Dakota.. ... _ _ 1, 034, 439 327, 651 9, 344, 596 10, 706, 686 Tennessee. _ 7, 629, 967 11, 893, 859 4, 191, 690 23, 715, 516 Texas _ _ . 39, 540, 036 41, 000, 000 80, 540, 036 Utah _ 4, 230, 225 3, 730, 885 2, 620, 267 10, 581, 377 Vermont 734, 514 3, 896, 930 4, 631, 444 Virginia. . .. _ . _ 7, 271, 791 7, 491, 905 7, 260, 618 22, 024, 314 Washignton. . _ _ . ... 15, 066, 936 1, 745, 374 9, 743, 517 26, 555, 827 West Virginia 14, 197, 819 10, 476, 031 24, 673, 850 Wisconsin. ... . . . .. 8, 486, 121 3, 963, 385 31, 866, 795 44, 316, 301 Wyoming. .. ... . . _ . 459, 607 1, 107, 187 2, 662, 348 4, 229, 142 District of Columbia . i 1,591,439 11, 423, 271 13, 014, 710 Outlying parts of the United States _ . - 13, 022, 546 1, 680, 659 1, 249, 901 15, 953,106 Alaska 569, 030 130, 436 699, 466 American Samoa 21, 066 21, 066 Canal Zone 453, 185 453, 185 Guam 52, 108 52, 108 Hawaii 5, 928, 759 1, 680, 659 7, 609, 418 Puerto Rico 5, 888, 203 1, 119, 465 7, 007, 668 Virginia Islands 110, 195 110, 195 1 1 Federal funds. 2 Estimated. 3 Division between county and local estimated basis 1936, Table 29. — Income from miscellaneous revenue sources , Federal Government , and educational foundations , anr/ fofa/ revenue receipts , 1937-38 114 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 « g o o.2 ■2^'3.2 3 0^2 O to 05 — < 00 COOl 05 CO ^ 00 O rH tO CO of 05 Nr-MOINPO o>oww»o cm cm co ^to ONWhM to t* cm cm 05 CM 00 CM co OO^MOIC ht^OJOCD oT oo to oo ooo*oco»o © cm 05 co © 00 CM Tt« © iO lO CO CM CO CO CM U- *0C0»0{ n- 05 oo < CM CO 40 < © © to COCGCtJ*^ CO 05 o CM CO > ^ - > Tf CM C CO X CM ^ 05 co "co nTt^" tO © CO CO CO cm »o“ i-T f-T oo OOOOWH CM CO ^ co co"»o to > CO CM CO iCCOh lONCM S S c tO N C Ni0 05 05rf i-"-H O to I ^CCN-^ CMi— t^OOC 00 00 »0 O CO »OiHNCO( *0* GO* oT i— ' CC co oo © i— " c rHCCCO^O 00 05 05 CM »0 *c to CO — » 00 O O CO >0 05 > to n- © CM 05 l>- 00 t>-" CM CO *— 1 . CO CO CO : :&8S CM o to CM to O 00 O CM CM O ^ CON 00 a o i : !£§§§ i i 05 CM N ssfsgg CM CO »0 to i— s - N-~ ' > CO • 1 1 CO co cm" t-Tco co oo" i 00 05 05 05 O co CO 00 CO o 00 to 05" 1C ‘O'OOCO^ CG CO N O CM CO CM CM CO CM < 05 CO 1 oT cm“ < O 05 CM CO CM CM N- CO CM CO CM i— to cT cT CM* CM to OHICWO CM o 00 CO O CM" ^ rH CM i-H CO 00 00 i— i— co" cm" 05" of i-H 05 05 r-t CO »C CO CM 05" cm" 05" :SS8{ • O CM < ) L- O i— * Tf< 00 CO © CO i— to 00 CO co cm ~ Tf< > O O 00 05 rC co co T 00 O N C5 N 05 1-H oo CM 05 nTio co i-T CO »o 1-H 00 CM £ CO O CM to 00 to O CO h oo ON^005 2§2S?3i i“H 00 CO CM I N- Tf CM N- 00 to c co CO c O O CO CM tH l to 1-H ; * *-H CM OC5t^05CO 4 to CM CO 05 CO 1— • 00 ■* CM i-H CO CM CM ^ to 05 05 to i-h" to oT « cm © "r>Tto w < 5 o a W H Z P H <• S5 < . >g«? W on ^ § W p |So a. 5 z 3 £ H I CO 00 TJH O5tOCOCO00 N O 05 tO CM ^iO»ON^ CC05 0CON 1-H CO CO CJ 00 O 00 N 00 — CM rt< CM 05 00 00 CO to^O^OO to co oo cm n- Tt< i— < cm rnCMwooo5 rn co co 05 05 oo »o co n- '05 1— CO CM to CO »— OOO^fNif T- > i— O 051— OCOJCO OCOOOtOCO CM I L- N- CM CO i— N» CM - U- CM CO 1— to U- ) CO ^ CO CM > ^H GO Tt< to i CM 05 to 5 CO 05 < 5 ^05 < ) to 05 C ) 05 »o co > o ^ oo > to N- CO t>» "©r>Tco “) ^ 00 ' 00 to 1 O CO ' 83 r£s“ OC to O CM CO o oo u- 05 oo n« i— n. 05 cm"ooo- £> a °a o a <_ tuo o a Q 5 c 2 * .52 ■“ (I c-w ©OG w a cs ®a-§ S5ggo£ •g iS'C 1:73 o « es.2 &T) be o fcX3 a a — o ®,2 ® o a ooE62 522MW 11^- « « be .2; fl >» m 2 g'3 as ^.a I! is! co CD rj b d m w zj: STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS I 3 Statistics, 1937. 3 Federal funds. Nonrevenue Receipts Total Revenue and Nonrevenue Receipts, Excluding Balances on Hand 116 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 117 ggsll 1S» ii 3 iiisg ill |g i to o' CO CO I /5 r* 05 © 05 CO 1 GO ' co i co ' 8? ^ 1 29, 932 71, 348 22, 030 35, 482 8,207 297, 958 il :!§ :3 ji r'sil i 23, 025 Transporta¬ tion of pupils 05 CO 05 CO U5 «©■ 1, 891, 596 358, 975 910, 452 3, 391, 695 717,018 1, 093, 258 302, 301 1, 418, 018 1, 688, 988 548, 764 808, 695 4, 588, 104 1, 720, 793 506, 797 1, 166, 846 2, 212, 145 721, 517 1, 148, 830 1, 918, 201 1, 489, 842 2, 471, 513 2, 645, 047 1, 393, 544 1, 071,219 282, 350 Promotion of health co $13,478, 130 20, 005 118, 090 23, 641 158, 727 352, 023 33, 750 120, 130 23, 037 28, 342 462, 893 244, 780 DU/, 6ZI 55, 386 115, 866 103, 056 301, 296 1, 158, 927 363, 050 382, 141 220, 602 53, 652 85, 895 Public libraries under board of education 1 $5, 099, 119 13, 614 70, 795 6, 195 CO 'tO ' CO 05 i L- i 3 IS? :ss !8 1 Tf 'O 'NN 1 CO 1 Oi • CO ' co CO 1 to 1 II II i i i is is i ii i i O 1 1 ii i i o 1 Oi 1 II 1 I i i ii i ! j£ ! State, District of Columbia, or outlying part i 1 Continental United States _ Alabama _ _ Arizona . . ... Arkansas.. . . ... _ California _ .... . Colorado _ _ _ . Connecticut. .. _ ... Delaware _ .- _ _ Florida. . _ ... ._ Georgia _ _ Idaho _ Illinois Indiana _ . Iowa _ _ _ _ _ _ Kentucky... _ Louisiana Maine _ .. _ Maryland _ . _ Massachusetts. .. _ Michigan _ Minnesota _ _ _ ... iviiadiodippi _ Missouri _ _ _ Montana _ _ Nebraska _ _ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 123 223, 474 497, 534 5, 022, 416 1, 293, 633 42, 989, 726 5, 217, 243 413, 616 12, 373, 344 1, 174, 117 1,640, 912 26, 047, 493 1, 997, 096 1, 682, 453 1, 133, 492 2, 278, 654 13, 287, 815 1, 340, 525 169, 488 4, 061, 9«5 1,302, 576 1,091,413 5, 038, 112 919, 545 1,611,673 [I s g W 14, 027 656, 356 1, 545, 475 1, 468, 403 94, 260 139, 409 77, 475 756, 441 260, 760 136, 819 1, 798, 589 564, 738 539, 150 4, 779, 355 98, 004 307, 923 593, 955 2, 022, 243 381, 627 6, 269 566, 282 485, 268 462, 072 1, 586, 804 196, 466 141, 100 1 i 14,027 159, 962 ill 84, 065 420, 059 4, 265, 975 4, 956, 483 276, 797 10, 574, 755 2 609, 379 1, 101, 762 21, 268, 138 1, 899, 092 1,374, 530 1, 684, 699 11, 265, 572 958, 898 163, 219 3, 495, 703 817, 308 629, 341 3, 451, 308 723, 079 1, 470, 573 1,964, 193 i 1 | S ill j«* 2, 306, 643 6, 176, 794 82, 854, 970 7, 200, 240 300, 102, 154 30, 565, 163 9, 281, 469 98, 977, 662 31, 178, 365 15, 104, 689 158, 280, 147 10, 322, 596 14, 289, 844 10, 071,519 21, 537, 356 71, 920, 885 9, 346, 530 4, 700, 382 20, 870, 738 29, 222, 208 24, 125, 077 45,808, 211 5, 040, 367 10, 271, 663 27, 810, 403 764, 647 16, 240 427, 756 65, 782 6, 844, 152 12, 804, 397 6, 759, 931 127, 498 135, 610 60, 095 589, 992 19, 587, 080 420, 416 178, 764 1, 619, 059 453, 936 345, 975 4, 423, 983 35, 749 287, 660 162, 906 315, 257 1, 109, 613 135, 342 70, 847 320, 667 237, 209 400, 516 603, 132 408, 053 i * ill 67, 481 912, 290 4, 895, 533 932, 449 12, 736, 421 3, 013, 140 777, 310 7, 091, 875 2, 222, 989 1, 171, 221 8, 228, 410 462, 849 1, 208, 601 483, 125 1, 542, 248 5, 062, 841 655, 559 279, 245 2, 096, 499 3, 071, 158 1, 614, 429 3, 283, 754 723, 894 226, 293 1 $ 53, 932 ! 3 ■H ill ir 282, 825 583, 720 67, 823 2, 087, 489 344, 174 23, 968 603, 119 448, 376 i lllis BISs Is! i : SS'SgS 3a«gg- Sfg-g- | | C4 3 ss 14,343 ! i-ti-T !eo 20, 439 481, 268 11,419 225, 075 3, 863 610,837 60,717 69, 637 44, 304 7, 114 39, 827 19, 170 96, 238 69, 143 3,709 35, 530 57, 925 510, 067 2, 355, 358 864, 626 5, 906, 859 2, 550, 556 741, 286 5, 806, 077 1, 761, 248 1,047,801 3, 857, 674 254, 578 1, 028, 433 296, 120 1, 415, 938 3, 243, 770 536, 444 240, 541 1, 678, 292 2, 390, 430 1, 291, 441 866, 929 445, 576 22, 479 33, 649 32,500 -r : 9, 556 98, 959 1, 475, 187 3, 160, 264 14, <787 12, 056 443, 982 9, 502 108, 724 1, 598, 296 109, 685 37, 116 894, 816 56, 376 20, 057 103, 562 149, 169 85, 201 139, 568 18, 657 1 1 i i isi i”‘“ 1 I 1 i i * I* i-r ! : 1 s Is i * 1 i* 1 i 1 il§8 Is i i | Ss i 1 1 ; ; i | ii i loT Nevada - New Hampshire _ - New Jersey _ _ -- New Mexico . . . New York _ _ North Carolina _ North Dakota . . . . Ohio _ Oklahoma _ _ uregon _ _ _ Pennsylvania _ - - Rhode Island _ South Carolina.- _ .. South Dakota - - Tennessee _ _ _ Texas - - Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia _ Washington _ - West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Wyoming - - District of Columbia _ Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ Aiuw iuau ouuiua - - Canal Zone _ J (Juam _ _ Hawaii _ _ _ jrmuppme isianus _ _ Puerto Rico. _ Virgin Islands.- _ Distribution estimated basis 1937. Table 34. — Recapitulation of expenditures in public schools, 1937- . 124 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 jlgl III 8 ill o : .-T co So ^ 3 Isgsl Ills! SISIS Hill 11S1S lip I mu am am am mu gioeoci t—T ciuftC 00 nTr* i-H r-T 05 o . il IIIII IS II IIIII -fill Hi 1 >~tC qocTj2*ojo cd tf-^T oirHioidc o r-Tco adoTtf' ootfo cf 1 fliil ^ tfrfjojgcf i i ii i ! is i ! jrH i i 1 i i i si gill sill M! 1 i j » » CO 1 iii 1 i i i i iii i j i i i j i s S:M| i i !£ 1 !rH Sill vr : of : 1 i 3 ii i*I ilSSi j to cf tf 1 i 1 i 1 1 is i : - p | | 1 : il II i« : 1 1 50 • ; : 3 : : : of ■ g j i jf 2 1 ig I : i- 3 i ;S : I iii; silil gsiis lllsl §§§§§ Hiss ill i gsgss sSgsg esggss sssgg ggs § «N 8 HIssS 4 1 : i i i ! ! i i III iiiii CO ; 00 1 | 1 i i iS «T | j jj- 1 il 1 i is “ i |i i i :s“ : : : ! : 1 iiiii i iiiii | j | j i i II • i cT 1 i § ; i rf i S i i III : 1 1 8 8 j j ; j il : : a"' i i : isiei s . i; i S-S'S-Sg 1 i j; T i i i j I j j j j j j i ig i I* I 1 ; 2 i 1 iiiii ** II),1 ^ II : i i i i j i 111 1 i II 3 1 is i j 8 i is 1 i S il if i | is 111 mn 1 ;CCCT j i l|| 8 § : ©5 T— l 1 1 I>T Minnesota . . Mississippi... Missouri _ _ Montana _ _ III i 41 a > £ i : ® 9 ® 9 < 5 £££* II 1 a 11 ii *1 m 52 ZZOC i i i i j j || il iff Ii! Si Ml II | I : .2 ' £2 ii 11 IJIN Jo® ig ii5^ 1 Includes vocational rehabilitation. Table 36. — Expenditures by administrative units in full-time day schools , 1937 128 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDU'CA'TIO'N, 19 3 7-38 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 129 >| si §1 I tl §2 S3 130 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Current Expenditures Only, Excluding Capital Outlay, Bonds, and Interest Payments Fixed charges eo w lOOOlONN OCOOOOlON > IO t- i 05 (MOO)NO) .—I c4 cd i— 5 cd ‘ ' cd 1-5 i-i ' i-5 ,-5 1 r-5 ed i-i ! * i-i ed ' .-i ^ j j |i 11 2 6.5 COCOt^CDcD CDCOiOCDiO i0 0Jth05»C OtcDCDC^OO w t>^ 06 t^otoootoo’ wownn ^jc^*o6»o^ t^o^coc^ Mainte- nance NOWOON WWhHW COo4o6 id id oi cd oo d d d h rji Operation, 1 1 irllll nance, auxiliary agencies, and fixed charges o at 18.3 21.4 17.5 16.8 20.8 20.7 22.0 16.5 16.5 21.0 20.7 24.4 22.5 20.0 17.5 19.1 27. 1 19.7 19.5 20.6 25.6 17.7 17. 1 26.0 20.2 Instruction Total for instruc¬ tion US N I0010t-0 NOOffiD ^HCCOO^HiO N100®00 (N ffl N (N 00 $£888 8£88S £88238 883£S gfeSSsS Textbooks and other instruc¬ tional supplies os CH t> 05 05 00 H CO so M cil T-l -^1 WIOMOH Cil i-i 05 .-i t-5 ^5 cd id cd ed cd cd r-5 cd cd pi cd i-5 cd id cd ^ -^5 id i-5 ij? ^ cd Salaries of teachers, supervisors, and principals eo 56.8 CCO0O0O0.-< OlOlil'HCO ^COCOOi-1 -tONtON O IO CO H N 8S8S8 giSSS’g S82§88 General control N at w 1 05®05N® CO^iCCSt-- CO 00 IO CO O t^OSOOiOiji OOfflCOOO co Tt5 Tji CO ed cd t»5 cd t)5 cd cd ed >d ed id ed *5 ed cd ^5 ^5 tj5 id ^ o State, District of Columbia, or outlying part 1 Continental United States _ _ Alabama, _ _ _ ... .. Arizona _ .. ... ... Arkansas . _ _ _ California-.. . . . . - .. __ Colorado _ . _ _ Connecticut . . . Delaware.-. _ _ _ _ _ Florida _ _ _ _ _ _ Georgia _ ... . _ Idaho.... _ _ _ _ Illinois _ Indiana _ Iowa _ _ .. . . . Kansas _ _ _ _ Kentucky _ . _ _ Louisiana _ . _ Maine Maryland- _ _ _ . Massachusetts _ _ _ Michigan _ _ _ Minnesota _ Mississippi _ . _ ... Missouri _ Montana. _ Nebraska _ _ _ _ STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 131 05 © HO id * ’ led CO o CO IO CO 2.8 .4 2.0 1.6 1.4 © ^ IO © 00 1.7 1.3 3.9 i i i : : : : i i : i i : : i : ! : : 050 c4 t— 5 © 00 05 O 05 Xrf WHOO 05 © © 00 05 ©©©!-» IO t'- 05 Tt« 05 i-H ! !© ! © : 1 !th i i ! : : : ©oi CO © H CO © © CO © © IQWIO^H CO 00 © ^ OCN CO i i i T* 1 1 1 , © © f-: j^’eded eded^td-* edededrjied ed^r* •« eo’^'di Tji 1—4 T— J ^0505^00 Nrt: © oi 3 ni cd (ddoNoi 00 05* © oi id | © oi i-i oi cd ^ O Tt« © CO CO Tf C O CO © 00 © ^ ONCO^H© 05 ^ ^ rH © CO © © £££££ fSSccg S?SS id L- S888S £S Tf-r}-CC5tC CO 00 © 05 T* Tt« 00 1-1 © t^00©^H IO © 00 05 © © © 05 Tt< © © O C«3 »d cd »o t-~ ^ cd^i>: oi oi 1-4 id id i-4 cd© OCONC^tC COHOOOh © © Tf CO © © © co © 05 OOIN CO ' CO 05* 00 CO CO cd oo cd © cdodcdldrH id <* h oi cd IN -cd 1 COCOIMNN lOOCO^CO © 00 © © ^ 1-1 ^ © rH 05 oo © © i i i 00 1 1 1 00 00 © oo © Ttj CONOCO 05 cd Tf 05 05 05 ^ 05 cd id rji ^©2* cd i-4 !! ! oo d i i i H 00 05 05 00 © © © Is* 05 CO © ^ CM © © CO 1-1 CO © ^ (N © 05 ^ r>- co CO 1-H SSSojS adSsS sssjsss ggs ©’ s s ©id CO © 05 © 00 00 ^ © 00 © © © © © CO y— I *d t-4 ©©^joied t-4^ oi i oo ^ cd cd Tf © CO CO CO CO 05 © © © CO © Tt< 05 © OHOHO 05 © © r-« 1 ! © © © H H ^ 2 S 23 S S§ feSSSS ssdsg sssgg s j giSL 2 ONO»CO © © *-• CO © Tt< © © © © HOIN^IN © r}i CO © 1 © © © CO CO CO O id ^ cd cd oi cd cd id cd rj5 '* cdrjJcdcd^ cd^cd oi jh © © i-4 id© Mi a > * * & ^ © © © © ® o c o - c o 5 ilg 1122! J jll! Ep | I Mb 4Ms ols 2 §.§g|g £-2 1^1* S JsSgs §2 si: £000 0 -< a 1 Totals not given as some items are incomplete. Table 38. — Statement of resources and receipts and disbursements for the year ending June 30, 1938 132 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Net worth s li 3 s i ! 53, 483, 496 38, 635, 570 19, 238, 072 318, 685, 689 54, 293, 654 81, 397, 979 20, 793,076 39, 218, 099 48,165,025 56, 270, 290 457, 752, 502 190, 611, 137 119, 260, 409 94, 625, 077 64, 823, 483 43, 912, 235 31,743, 475 45, 966, 322 260, 664, 771 300, 165, 310 220, 884, 509 32, 698, 894 135, 543, 420 92, 981, 162 75, 800, 740 Liabilities and Payments ! EH 3 5 S' s' s 30, 998,415 20, 803, 960 38, 842, 463 378, 548, 287 47, 940, 352 66,111,504 6, 156, 362 79, 942, 862 47, 543, 317 20, 263, 915 396, 283, 416 105, 539, 972 88, 812, 470 61,236, 356 38, 788, 214 53, 426, 364 15, 648, 729 65, 596, 677 129, 644, 665 190, 919, 600 114,010, 974 31, 853, 876 121,212, 060 20, 858, 306 48, 613, 751 Debt serv¬ ice: Pay¬ ment of bonds, loans, and refunds, table 34, columns 8, 9, and 10 2 s 1 I 747, 641 1, 386, 879 1, 313, 759 19, 051, 146 2, 703, 603 2, 279, 575 143, 988 2, 274, 833 2, 910, 015 969, 157 85, 219, 917 5, 944, 637 3, 600, 794 2, 700, 389 751, 558 1,912,713 452, 668 2, 053, 726 5, 615, 523 7, 457, 842 8, 100, 924 587, 630 4, 551, 483 1, 374, 363 912, 862 Total cur¬ rent ex¬ pense, out- 10.^0, auu interest, table 34, column 7 A 1 ®* 8 ss 20, 616, 040 9, 773, 856 13, 642, 632 169, 365, 170 20, 344, 762 30, 826, 341 4, 271, 164 23, 761, 164 24, 333, 302 10, 047, 019 145, 445, 683 55, 261, 192 41,497, 403 31,084, 653 23, 826, 391 26, 506, 797 9, 700, 174 24, 409, 537 78, 526, 619 92, 678, 077 47, 391,911 21, 401, 872 50, 379, 387 11,767,810 19, 296, 731 I| 11 O indebted¬ ness GO 1 1 1 ; :! il K g i !§" il s' :l ; jrn ; 100.0 Number E8iS3§§88 “siiWiii CO 1 «r 540, 990 434, 689 362, 823 300, 087 3, 798 i s - I i 1936 Negro Per¬ cent 2 COrHOO»OCOCO^COO ooooc^^Hcir-.'ioesi co S HHIO© CO C^i 1-H TH 100.0 Number 2 6,369 733,301 335, 348 304, 856 275, 383 227, 160 180, 716 137, 550 49, 362 s s' «? 76, 436 51,431 35, 536 25, 389 144 8 I 1 s' White Per¬ cent 2 NOCONlOOWMn oirfoooooSoo-^ 80.4 NCOH-^h cdio^co * CO 2 100.0 Number O 53, 300 1,231, 132 846, 683 831,348 814, 534 775, 761 717, 049 646, 106 331,914 § § «T 520, 414 411,874 322, 012 266, 574 5, 947 l 8 -r s 1930 Negro Per¬ cent 05 coo5cococo O^^rHOOO^r-; 3 rH CO 05 CD cirA • * o § Y i Number QO 3, 970 785, 281 334, 756 293, 014 257, 264 202, 341 150, 463 105, 504 37, 399 2, 169, 992 47, 765 31, 004 20, 045 13, 772 1 2 White Per¬ cent r* 0.8 19. 1 11.8 11.5 10.7 9.6 8.8 7.6 4. 1 84.0 00 ^ co o^coc4 o eg 100.0 Number c© 56, 167 1, 425, 252 875, 462 853, 905 799, 815 714,411 654, 884 567, 914 303, 257 1 _T £ CO 429, 894 327, 589 247, 255 188, 926 1 s' -r 7,444,731 1920 Negro Per¬ cent us H »C 05 05 CO CO CO CO 98.4 CO *4 100.0 Number 3, 058 810, 652 397, 440 313, 381 237, 093 158, 255 90, 037 48, 206 12, 252 s' #? 19, 078 8, 314 4,113 1,836 i tf 1 White Per¬ cent eo 1.2 19.7 12.6 12.7 12.5 11.1 9.8 8.0 4.2 91.8 CO CO Tf 05 COCSlT-; * w 00 100.0 Number e* 78, 622 1, 237, 969 790, 066 795, 913 786, 168 696, 951 612,415 503, 523 260, 985 1 g «9 227, 049 142, 381 91,341 55, 853 i ec¬ us 1 K as Grade - Elementary: Kindergarten _ First _ Second _ Third _ Fourth... .. _ Fifth _ Sixth _ Seventh _ Eighth _ Total _ Secondary: First _ Second... . _ Third _ Fourth _ Total _ Grand total. Table 44. — Enrollment of Negro pupils, by grades, in 17 States, and the District of Columbia, 1937-38 STATE' SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 139 Grand total S 1 « sSISS IkSSI silsS 11 I ffs-'s'g s'gssgs gs8§8 s'8 s' In Secondary Grades Total 1 1 12, 737 5, 656 939 9,452 13, 322 6, 562 12,119 7,316 8, 802 6,899 33, 050 6, 878 13, 576 11,432 31,940 15, 894 4,916 6, 394 ill 2 a -r I I I M :r I I M 1 ~ 1 S Fourth year 8“ sisii mss sgg§i ii § Third year 2 s s 2, 328 1,086 175 1,934 2, 678 1,322 2,125 1,417 1,559 1,439 6, 515 1,337 2, 572 2, 213 6, 290 3, 041 974 1,265 Second year 2 3 § asm siiii iisii eg i coi-T ."co co oo c4 co xmoW ©of co Sixth grade qo ; 185, 700 lisiii sssii mil si i 1 CD 00 oTr-£ r»To«o»n<“ of t}T oo © co‘S'-‘8- s'-s's's s'” ”' T3 ® II w I 32, 271 14,369 825 12, 760 35, 492 5, 033 23, 801 6, 873 35,813 5, 079 31, 376 5,001 30, 729 12, 100 25,313 18, 993 2, 891 3, 594 Second grade 1 1 s 1 lisSI ssisl ISSSI SI g |8a 88 “5S”'S“ 8*888 s'* “ First grade 685,241 70,023 34,313 1,067 21,843 90, 778 7, 502 50, 530 9, 923 105, 934 7, 516 73, 107 11,718 72, 543 26, 990 55,813 36, 380 4,722 4,539 Kinder¬ garten 1 CO • ssg ;8 . : : :S§ «3 : § .-H I : i Si ii Z81, 30 / 1, 194, 478 " >» a'S v © £ CD 21,776,814 10, 447, 502 824, 882 11, 187,642 4, 631, 855 18, 933, 970 7, 257, 431 24, 130, 744 5, 970, 798 31,701,095 5, 549, 600 21,766,971 12, 282, 610 22, 177, 138 18, 542, 771 3, 283, 603 3, 534, 537 Average Daily Attendance Total, including undistrib¬ uted items * i ill!! sllsl SI i SS“'8S S'gSgfe SfS'S'S'g §s s Regular and voca¬ tional high schools CO 2, 435 47 812 2,609 9,862 4, 122 6, 751 5, 874 28,911 5, 580 11,208 is i “S' 3' Reorganized high schools Senior us s i jg tc : :^r i ii ! : !, 1 i pH 1 : i : | i : ! | | ! I j l 1 iO • CO i ** Junior- senior ii i j i i i i i j j i -i ii | j i ; 3 ! IO Junior CO 18, 004 1,442 187 8, 933 : ° | B i ! !i 2 1 ; 1 JO j j 1,613 6,618 Elemen- tary schools N ill! 27, 778 126,981 40, 279 206, 899 32, 015 194, 366 31,712 158, 481 74, 605 140, 833 109, 875 18, 828 19, 570 State or District of Columbia • Total _ Alabama _ _ _ Arkansas _ _ _ .. Delaware _ _ _ Florida _ _ _ \jruui gia _ Kentucky . ... . . ... Louisiana.. . . Maryland _ _ _ _ _ Mississippi . . . § ^ 11 Oklahoma _ _ _ _ _ South Carolina . . . Tennessee . . . . Virginia . . . . . West Virginia . . . . District of Columbia . . Table 47. — Number and sex of Negro teachers , excluding supervisors and principals , when separately reported , m 17 States and the District of Columbia , 1937-38 142 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 143 Table 48. — Population , 1930 , and enrollments in public day schools, urban and rural, 1937-38 State or District of Columbia Population, 1930 Population 5-17 Years, (Both Inclusive, 1930) Enrollment, 1937-38 Urban 1 Rural Urban 2 Rural 3 Urban 4 Rural 5 Boys 6 Girls 7 Boys 8 Girls 9 Continental United States 68, 954, 823 53, 820, 223 15, 685, 345 15, 885, 977 6, 733, 424 6, 568, 895 6, 452, 546 6, m, 243 Alabama.. . _ 744, 273 1, 901, 975 184, 349 633,016 86, 713 87, 814 249, 721 246, 233 Arizona _ _ . . 149, 856 285. 717 35, 686 81, 532 24, 246 23, 009 32, 448 30, 353 Arkansas. _ 382, 878 1.471,604 90, 330 469, 718 52, 730 53,217 180, 806 178, 519 California _ 4, 160, 596 1. 516, 655 780, 242 358, 982 447, 962 425, 165 164, 759 157, 138 Colorado _ 519, 882 515, 909 111, 703 149, 045 60, 492 59, 103 55,049 52, 593 Connecticut _ . . 1,131,770 475, 133 282, 020 120, 753 110, 158 105, 356 40, 830 39, 172 Delaware .. .. 123, 146 115, 234 28, 386 29, 224 11, 102 11, 031 11, 635 11, 224 Florida.. . . . 759, 778 708, 433 171, 792 206, 654 87, 241 87, 043 104, 945 104, 706 Georgia 895, 492 2,013,014 222, 597 672, 126 105, 912 110, 963 255. 256 258, 763 Idaho 129, 507 315, 525 33, 126 94, 075 23, 523 23, 242 38, 384 36, 262 Illinois _ 5, 635, 727 • 1, 994, 927 1, 240, 216 530, 099 444, 168 419, 393 217, 748 200, 545 Indiana. . . 1, 795, 892 1,442,611 400, 536 383, 017 181, 618 177, 356 170, 695 159, 988 Iowa. .. - 979. 292 1, 491, 647 216, 070 398. 670 105, 679 103, 595 158, 458 151, 418 Kansas. . _ - 729. 834 1. 151, 165 165, 483 310, 981 85, 288 82, 986 117, 844 110, 544 Kentucky.. . . 799. 026 1, 815, 563 178, 036 575, 027 74, 887 74, 947 240, 403 228, 081 Louisiana ... 833, 532 1, 268. 061 196, 477 409, 841 67, 465 66, 509 161, 335 165, 637 Maine _ _ 321, 506 475, 917 74, 602 121. 194 30, 919 30, 677 52, 360 50, 060 Maryland. _ 974, 869 656, 657 220, 854 181, 708 76, 167 74, 149 73, 200 70, 170 Massachusetts _ 3, 831, 426 418. 188 897, 837 101, 859 333, 007 321, 202 51, 338 39, 324 Michigan .... 3, 302, 075 1,540, 250 768, 935 426, 122 330, 341 323, 330 152, 021 154, 135 Minnesota .. 1, 257, 616 1, 306, 337 284, 676 372, 414 128, 435 128, 130 139, 360 134, 867 Mississippi _ 338, 850 1, 670, 971 78, 452 534, 696 41,817 45, 004 252, 761 250, 626 Missouri _ _ 1,859, 119 1,770, 248 373, 567 486, 527 160, 803 157, 506 198, 250 189, 053 Montana _ . 181, 036 356, 570 41, 716 99, 633 18, 100 17, 533 38, 374 36, 396 Nebraska . . 486, 107 891, 856 109, 813 247, 835 54, 637 53, 188 93, 729 88, 362 Nevada. _ 34, 464 56, 594 6,549 12, 458 4, 362 4,207 6,180 5, 603 New Hampshire _ 273, 079 192, 214 64, 933 44, 308 19, 848 19, 190 19, 091 18, 261 New Jersey _ 3, 339, 244 702, 090 809, 568 175, 706 320, 825 307, 994 62, 769 54, 795 New Mexico _ 106, 816 316, 501 28, 142 99, 182 17, 683 17, 091 48, 402 46, 701 New York _ 10, 521, 952 2, 066, 114 2, 302, 900 489, 906 920, 489 889, 919 259, 914 238, 134 North Carolina. . 809, 847 2, 360, 429 215, 064 815, 253 113, 168 115, 347 325, 891 327, 468 North Dakota _ 113, 306 567, 539 27, 807 176, 203 11, 725 11, 775 61,903 61, 108 Ohio _ 4, 507, 371 2, 139, 326 1, 022, 527 577, 027 416, 553 401, 925 222, 231 210, 296 Oklahoma. . — 821, 681 1, 574, 359 192, 040 503, 294 105, 925 103, 941 220, 823 207, 973 Oregon ... 489, 746 464, 040 97, 218 116, 961 49, 048 48, 641 48, 799 47, 373 Pennsylvania . . 6, 533, 511 3, 097, 839 1, 628, 881 921, 023 620, 178 602, 022 370, 556 352, 232 Rhode Island. . - 635, 429 52, 068 157, 081 12, 808 53, 880 52, 936 6,932 5, 411 South Carolina. .. . 371. 080 1, 367, 685 100, 557 491, 490 57, 341 60, 810 184, 673 185, 925 South Dakota _ 130, 907 561, 942 30, 982 164, 495 15, 585 15, 582 56, 304 55, 043 Tennessee. . 896, 538 1, 720, 018 206, 293 545, 880 92, 148 93, 761 228, 691 223, 320 Texas. 2, 389, 348 3, 435, 367 561, 662 1,066,174 293, 733 291, 088 395, 054 375, 526 Utah.. _ ... 266, 264 241, 583 73, 390 80, 296 33, 436 32, 238 37, 655 35, 578 Vermont . _ _ 118, 766 240, 845 26, 571 60, 992 9. 935 9, 530 24, 117 24, 349 Virginia.. 785, 537 1,636,314! 187. 802 528, 643 80, 547 82, 463 209, 787 210, 759 Washington . ... 884,539 678, 857 182, 223 174, 805 95, 411 91, 834 79, 226 73,506 West Virginia . .. 491, 504 1,237,701 122, 131 398. 105 53, 095 51, 089 173, 071 166, 534 Wisconsin .. - 1, 553, 843 1, 385, 163 349, 026 394, 818 144, 320 142, 898 140, 590 132, 660 Wyoming. ._ . . 70, 097 155, 468 16, 393 41, 402 10, 690 10, 583 18. 178 17, 519 District of Columbia _ 486, 869 88, 104 50,089 50,583 1 Includes estimates of enrollments of cities in county unit systems. Table 49. — Enrollment of urban pupils, by grade , in public day schools, 1937-38 144 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Grand total 2 13, 302, 319 58518 IS5S1 glsis sslll 111 KS'SR'S' 2'SSSS' g'gg'gg g'SS'jgg 882SS *g§ In Secondary Grades Total r- 3, 810, 343 33, 136 6, 450 26, 407 239, 649 32, 143 61, 403 7, 516 32, 825 48, 635 16, 031 210, 947 111,248 66, 132 50, 839 35, 558 32, 666 17. 780 28, 561 200, 128 184, 087 88, 556 19, 663 91, 650 9, 191 34, 147 2,129 13, 769 178, 722 Post grad¬ uate CD 34, 020 77 2 11, 635 152 397 33 29 632 875 407 191 6 1, 119 193 21 2, 881 1,243 941 4 32 247 44 255 729 Fourth year 2 710, 750 Biss! llsss IIkIS Si§!» sssls Is! 10H10M10 © 1-T to OO CO CO C«5 >0 00 CO CO Cvfjj* Third year ■*< 8 i SlliS ls!3§ RlisS SISsI slisi §s! NHCO WN CO H N H CO ^ CO Tt* CO *Q Q 0^0 C^f N CO GO Second year 2 1, 040, 147 9, 128 1,722 6,744 63, 524 9,114 17, 107 2, 194 8, 650 14, 160 4, 149 59, 121 29,110 17, 681 14, 186 9, 771 7,417 4, 693 7, 462 54, 050 49, 979 24, 229 5. 302 24, 234 2. 366 9, 123 565 3, 405 49, 386 First year 2 1 1 - 11311 IsIbk lilii sslls Hiss Isl 2 ^2 3“5‘®gsf In Kindergarten and Elementary Grades Total 3 9,491,976 141, 391 40, 805 79, 540 633, 478 87, 452 154, 111 14, 617 141,459 168, 240 30, 734 652, 614 247, 726 143, 142 117, 435 114,276 101, 308 43, 816 121, 755 454, 081 469, 584 168, 009 67, 158 226, 659 26, 442 73, 678 6, 440 25, 269 450,097 Eighth grade ® 963,464 12, 239 3, 506 7,648 70, 075 9,600 17, 543 1, 716 12, 284 6, 516 3, 801 73, 697 27, 737 15, 739 13, 142 11,440 4, 613 10, 332 54, 270 48, 947 19, 203 5, 973 18, 887 3, 116 8, 352 774 3, 141 49, 502 Seventh grade 1, 099, 161 issll islBis sis!! Hill Hill SHi co co oopjoJ co © co eo of »®nmoo co 3 25 oo go eo t-T (N© Second grade I 1 g Isss! lilii Islll SIS1I SSII1 51! § “^2 CO -H OO gfcO 22h 3 CO1® JO'S? IS OO OO £~CO OO NIOHOJO «o ii 8SS22 sills slill Sli CO s jo'nmjo® gtCoo'ofof "'S'-*' CO 11S2S 11111 111^2 Sis s •** of of go tC <35 cguo^-j-foo “8- N 11 SSSIS liSii Hill ill 8 ** S2SSS gSSSS 3322s ^ i-H r-t sss 2 II inn is si lllll 111 1 COCftg JOl> t^of (m"t^ ^CfrHIO^J 00' 32 lllll liisli slsll SIS B "g OO'r-Tlg (C 00 JO 0 05" of CO aTioV-T^jo Odofr-T 00' li aigil fills iiill ill 1 *3f gofcfof «2~ II isllll lilSi igisi ill 2 MW of 05* j-T of qo gfuf^jae© 22- 00' 11 illls iilis SSili ill 1 CO*H 10 g of of of 00 3«P 00 11 lllll ism iim ill 1 CO Tf< S-S2-' goo of of® jOiC-Tjoeo 2'2- 00' 11 SII12 illis isiii in CO 3 s-'g's'"-' S“3^8 gg^-SS 2” 2'- 00' 11 SI51I 111IS ISSIi sis 1 ~'g Sg^-22 SS"' © Is i*8il 841 518 99 228 394 181 438 479 758 296 136 717 648 1 s : S" - CO CO *5 £ Table 50. — Enrollment of rural pupils, by grade, in public day schools, 1937-38 146 BIENNIAL SURVEY OP EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Grand total £ i s 52 495, 954 62, 801 359, 325 321, 897 107, 642 80, 002 22, 859 209, 651 514, 019 74, 646 418, 293 330, 683 309, 876 228, 388 468, 484 326, 972 102, 420 143, 370 90, 662 306, 156 274, 227 503, 387 387, 303 74, 770 182, 091 11, 783 37, 352 117, 564 Total 2,416,591 54, 142 13, 898 39, 101 102, 894 22, 319 19, 568 4, 137 39, 485 62, 944 16, 867 136, 435 75, 012 70, 432 56, 480 55, 953 54, 077 19, 981 32, 702 27, 803 51, 983 51, 292 48, 236 68, 991 22, 789 47, 134 SSI $ 5 o t* 3 Post¬ grad¬ uate 2 1 3 s § g M r 7, 093 256 335 699 1§§S | 5 s i§ 6 3 Fourth year 2 1 8, 818 2,447 7, 047 21, 690 4, 989 3, 684 885 7, 346 10, 921 3, 359 SSIsS ®mV«n HISS oooc4t(To l§2 r-TiO § i m Third year S 8 S' 11, 832 3, 134 8, 061 26, 810 5, 301 4, 258 892 8, 733 13, 120 4, 009 29, 470 17,413 17, 069 13, 184 11, 475 11, 620 4, 297 7,068 7, 130 13, 667 11,612 10, 231 18, 490 5, 397 11,372 756 1, 511 5,778 3 Second year 2 3 1 14, 933 3,708 10, 484 27, 223 5, 900 5, 362 1, 057 10, 405 15, 525 4, 464 34, 399 19, 661 17, 952 14, 771 15, 588 14,767 5, 168 8, 653 7, 139 14, 015 Hill egeojowr-r sii First year 2 i 8 333SS O0-*CO®*0 6, 127 1,318 13,001 23, 378 5, 030 39, 829 22, 694 19, 483 15, 705 18, 832 17, 609 6, 579 11, 568 6, 844 18, 405 15,733 16,663 22,684 6, 627 13, 515 940 2, 035 6,632 Total 3 10,256,198 441, 812 48, 903 320, 224 219, 003 85, 323 60, 434 18, 722 170, 166 451, 075 57, 779 281, 858 255, 671 239, 444 171, 908 412, 531 272, 895 82, 439 110, 668 62, 859 254, 173 222, 935 455, 151 318, 312 51, 981 134, 957 8, 626 30, 803 93, 996 Eighth grade 2 3 1 siiii sT-siS” 8, 076 1,890 14, 778 506 6, 800 lllii 8, 595 1,428 9, 090 30, 774 28, 485 25, 716 29, 571 6, 338 15, 958 ill COrH £ a o [H 3 1 Seventh grade 1,067,330 31,951 4,551 26,693 27, 449 9, 491 8, 293 2, 197 17, 555 34, 964 7, 203 32, 625 32, 552 28, 737 22, 287 31. 515 23,101 9,254 15,238 9, 621 31, 883 27, 418 30, 287 41, 763 6, 339 15, 730 981 3,766 12,943 1 Sixth grade GO g | IslIS SPSS'S 7, 954 2, 108 19, 355 41,032 7, 024 39, 991 32, 786 28, 389 21, 632 48, 565 26, 780 9, 490 15, 939 9, 374 32, 800 27, 990 37, 240 29, 854 6, 569 16, 348 1, 006 3,806 12,481 1 Fifth grade s 2- 47, 104 5, 420 36,811 26, 085 11, 023 mu 34, 062 32, 778 28, 465 22, 246 41,048 31, 126 9, 486 16, 652 9,317 32, 908 28, 131 45, 429 45, 203 6, 435 16, 777 993 3,847 12,363 1 i 5 Fourth grade £ § 55, 466 5, 756 39, 957 23, 659 10, 550 6,784 2, 395 22, 209 59, 431 7, 292 33,017 31, 540 27, 004 20, 700 53, 712 38, 223 9, 523 16, 147 6,910 29, 028 HsSl S5S55“'S' III i-Tco oo 1 Third grade I 66,326 6, 138 42, 720 24, 101 10, 327 6, 298 2, 374 21, 739 65, 037 7, 166 31,277 31,430 27,024 20, 840 55, 569 41,847 9,303 15,249 7, 009 29, 578 26, 713 57, 865 40, 128 6, 348 15, 340 IIS a Second grade •*< 8 ! 66, 202 6, 630 42, 051 24, 173 10, 365 6, 108 2, 463 22, 065 68,520 7, 236 33, 316 31, 959 27, 811 19, 789 59, 235 45, 147 9, 935 15, 630 7, 000 28, 347 27, 360 60, 552 39, 315 6, 076 16, 325 1, 136 3, 836 9,676 First grade eo s I 110, 883 9, 934 77, 514 32, 719 14, 406 6, 451 2,735 30. 707 131, 700 8, 198 Sails tftfcssfs' lilis s‘2‘ss*-‘s' is! Kinder¬ garten 8 ? 1 rH 1 ! of I 2,938 277 447 ! ill : i :c4V-r ; 1 | ii | tC ' . i 853 158 3,844 135 67 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS' 147 mu nm mu m H g^SfS tfgtf SI llggg Sllll iiSIS 338 £££££ 2 £££ ££*“ ii 122 20 546 236 155 is i i Ms is 690 800 157 ‘ £5- :2& it-vf 3 s'a™ 35 HIS! IHli ills! 888 grftfss? gftf* II Hill islls 55838 538 *-■&' 3s££rf f5~8SS £**££ Si illlg Hill SilSa 1S1 £-£££ tfSfrf SI mu Hill §88is SSI »‘s' ££££<* ff £S5? S‘S” Hill ISSIl lilii 3S9 2S si sfssr SS^SS *o^co CO §1 §§§!§ S£3S8 Hill SSi a£ 8?5JSSS8off £ S22 gcd^geo SS” §2 lisli mu ailli ill CO^T gsftfff-- £ §2gf is i is i ; II M ! lie 440 610 100 <©U5 : !,-r ! : rH ! ! ! CO MM! a h •rill i | | | ! 1 j 1 1 1 1 ££ ££000 & 1 ill •s SSs: 148 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 51. — Attendance and length of school term in public day schools, urban and rural, 1937-38 State or District of Columbia Aggregate Days At¬ tended Average Daily Attendance Average Number of Days At¬ tended by Each Pupil Enrolled Percent¬ age Aver¬ age Daily Attend¬ ance Is of Pupils Enrolled Average Length of School Term Urban Rural Urban Rural Ur¬ ban Ru¬ ral Ur¬ ban Ru¬ ral Ur¬ ban Ru¬ ral 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Continen- _ tal United States _ 2,096, 308,267 1,781, 507,690 11,553,496 10,744,704 157.6 140.6 86.9 84.8 181.4 165.8 Alabama.. _ 24, 332, 839 57, 471, 107 144, 164 397, 973 139.4 115.9 82.6 80.2 168.8 144.4 Arizona _ 6, 960, 595 7, 429, 976 37, 322 48, 860 147.3 118.3 79.0 77.8 186.5 152. 1 Arkansas _ 16, 217, 952 40, 188, 885 88, 339 269, 473 153.1 111.8 83.4 75.0 183.6 149.1 California _ 134, 573, 360 48, 413, 044 739, 875 299, 516 154. 1 150.4 84.7 93.0 181.9 161.6 Colorado _ 17, 915, 759 16, 241, 389 100, 887 99, 356 149.8 150.9 84.4 92.3 177.6 163.5 Connecticut _ 35, 331, 357 13, 221, 973 192, 984 73, 886 163.9 165.3 89.5 92.4 183.1 179.0 Delaware _ 3, 524, 895 3, 657, 041 19, 121 20, 055 159.3 160.0 86.4 87.7 184.3 182.4 Florida. _ 24, 289, 539 29, 211, 648 142, 188 171, 043 139.4 139.3 81.6 81.6 170.8 170.8 Georgia _ 30, 818, 541 64, 876, 721 173, 249 404, 232 142. 1 126.2 79.9 78.6 177.9 160.5 Idaho _ 7, 058, 305 11, 255, 248 40, 343 65, 763 150.9 150.8 86.3 88.1 175.0 171. 1 Illinois . . 140, 054, 349 67, 902, 736 750, 844 381, 561 162.2 162.3 86.9 91.2 186.5 178.0 Indiana _ 54, 903, 485 50, 305, 485 308, 665 312, 026 152.9 152. 1 86.0 94.4 177.9 161.2 Iowa... _ 32, 783, 383 46, 166, 552 183, 491 265, 208 156.7 149.0 87.7 85.6 178.7 174. 1 Kansas _ 25, 509, 730 33, 936, 432 146, 287 198, 452 151.6 148.6 86.9 86.9 174.4 171.0 Kentucky _ 22, 363, 567 54, 367, 101 124, 489 357, 635 149.3 116.0 83.1 76.3 179.6 152.0 Louisiana _ 19, 081, 744 46, 271, 537 105, 815 281, 091 142.4 141.5 79.0 86.0 180.3 164.6 Maine _ 9, 927, 458 16, 666, 722 55, 136 93, 262 161. 2 162.7 89.5 91.1 180.1 178.7 Maryland . . 24, 169, 334 23, 832, 985 127, 207 129, 651 160.8 166.2 84.6 90.4 190.0 183.8 Massachusetts .. 105, 740, 005 14, 742, 799 587, 274 82, 637 161.6 162.6 89.8 91.1 180. 1 178.4 Michigan _ 107, 190, 351 49, 291, 671 580, 558 308, 544 164.0 161.0 88.8 184.6 159.8 Minnesota _ _ 40, 293, 966 39, 522, 368 227, 727 234, 237 157.1 144. 1 88.8 85.4 176.9 168.7 M ississippi . 12, 311, 802 52, 422, 404 69, 695 384, 920 141.8 104.1 80.3 76.5 176.7 136.2 Missouri _ 49, 795, 653 57, 656, 919 269, 375 341, 009 156.4 148.9 84.6 88.0 184.9 169. 1 Montana _ _ 5, 703, 948 11, 590, 922 31, 821 66, 732 160. 1 155.0 89.3 89.2 179.3 173.7 Nebraska _ 16, 196, 167 28, 448, 208 92, 505 159, 963 150.2 156.2 85.8 87.8 175.1 177.8 Nevada _ _ 1, 237, 077 1, 759, 108 7, 041 10, 187 144.4 149.3 82.2 86.5 175.7 172.7 New Hampshire- 6, 198, 410 5, 726, 13.5 34, 980 32, 065 158.8 153.3 89.6 85.8 177.2 178.6 New Jersey _ 100, 074, 011 22, 362, 799 541, 890 118, 144 159. 1 86.2 184.7 189.3 New Mexico _ 4, 983, 319 12, 908, 215 27, 968 73, 018 143.3 135.7 80.4 76.8 178.2 176.8 New York _ ... 298, 336, 809 62, 698, 375 1, 628, 292 404, 203 164.8 125.9 89.9 81.2 183.2 155. 1 North Carolina _ 34, 783, 165 91, 531, 291 199, 572 572, 410 152.2 140.1 87.3 87.6 174.3 159.9 North Dakota _ 3, 795, 447 18, 808, 200 21, 298 102, 699 161.5 152.9 90.6 83.5 178.2 183. 1 Ohio. . ... _ 134, 386, 110 73, 596, 277 739, 724 408, 102 164.2 170.2 90.4 94.4 181.7 180.3 Oklahoma. _ 31, 384, 547 55, 163, 709 178, 811 314, 096 149.5 128.6 85.2 73.3 175.5 175.6 Oregon _ ... 14, 091, 493 15, 325, 043 80, 872 91, 001 144.2 159.4 82.8 94.6 174.2 168.4 Pennsylvania .. 199, 423, 005 110, 197, 959 1, 071, 768 633, 424 163.2 152.5 87.7 87.6 186. 1 174.0 Rhode Island. . _. 17, 318, 658 1, 547, 322 95, 663 9, 148 162. 1 125.4 89.6 74.1 181.0 169. 1 South Carolina _ 17, 679, 742 44, 743, 995 99, 919 291, 413 149.6 120.7 84.6 78.6 176.9 155.5 South Dakota.. 4, 931, 815 14, 832, 246 27, 714 83, 085 158.2 133.2 88.9 74.6 178.0 178.5 Tennessee.. _ 27, 376, 280 58, 696, 131 154, 098 363, 484 147.3 129.9 82.9 80.4 177.7 161.5 Texas _ 85, 075, 898 101, 899, 218 482, 321 616, 980 145.5 132.2 82.5 80.1 176.4 165.2 Utah _ 10, 143, 496 11,611,504 56, 691 68, 168 154.5 158.6 86.3 93. 1 178.9 170.3 Vermont _ 3, 065, 522 7, 757, 212 17, 326 43, 170 157.5 160. 1 89.0 89. 1 176.9 179.7 Virginia _ 25, 574, 671 59, 615, 757 141, 780 351, 486 156.9 141.8 87.0 83.6 180.4 169.6 Washington. 28, 258, 145 22, 528, 588 158, 135 123, 297 150.9 147.5 84.5 80.7 178.7 182.7 West Virginia _ 16, 329, 124 53, 156, 511 93, 633 304, 804 156.7 156.5 89.9 89.8 174.4 174.4 Wisconsin _ ... 46, 520, 314 44, 758, 900 253, 234 253, 569 162.0 163.8 88.2 92.8 183.7 176.5 Wyoming .. . 3, 199, 059 5, 191, 322 17, 927 29, 666 150.4 145.4 84.3 83.1 178.4 175.0 District of Colum¬ bia 15, 094, 066 83, 478 149.9 82.9 180.8 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 149 Table 52. — Number of instructional staff, number of staff to a building, and number of pupils enrolled to a teacher in public day schools, urban and rural, 1937-38 State or District of • Columbia Instructional Staff (Su¬ pervisors, Principals, Teachers, and Other Instructional Staff) Average Number of Members of In¬ structional Staff to a Building Average Number of Pupils Enrolled to a Teacher Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States . 430, 819 487,896 16.0 2.4 32. 5 27.1 Alabama _ _ . _ 4, 652 14, 685 13.4 3.4 39.0 34.3 Arizona _ _ _ . . 1,356 2,008 13.9 3.3 37.3 33.4 Arkansas _ ... 2,717 10, 144 7.4 2.2 41.0 35.4 California _ 29, 542 12, 638 15.5 1.9 31. 1 31.3 Colorado _ _ _ 3, 662 5,625 13.2 2.3 34.6 19.3 Connecticut. _ 7,687 2,674 15.6 4.5 29.7 34.4 Delaware.. _ _ . 763 925 23.1 3.8 30.4 25.3 Florida.. . 6, 059 7,287 8.8 3.9 29.8 29.8 Georgia _ _ _ _ 5, 859 16, 914 13.0 3.0 38.3 30.2 Idaho... . . . 1,430 3,041 12.3 2.6 34.5 25.5 Illinois _ 27, 060 21, 020 18.6 1.8 33.1 21.6 Indiana ..... _ _ 11, 234 11, 722 15.2 4.5 34.0 31.1 Iowa... .. _ 7, 156 17, 639 12.7 1.6 30.7 17.7 Kansas. _ 5, 429 13, 697 11.7 1.5 33.1 18.7 Kentucky _ 4, 800 14, 060 13.8 1.9 33.3 35.9 Louisiana. . . _ _ 3,587 10, 528 17.8 3.2 39.5 30.8 Maine _ _ _ _ 2, 126 4, 076 6. 7 2. 1 29.9 24.7 Maryland _ ... ... 4, 548 4,414 22.9 3.7 34.6 34.0 Massachusetts... .. . 23, 258 2,890 12.8 4.6 29.7 29.1 Michigan _ . . 20, 272 13, 252 20. 1 1.9 34.2 23.2 Minnesota _ _ _ 8, 849 12,754 16.8 1.6 30.4 21.4 Mississippi _ .. ._ 2, 452 13, 874 12.6 2.9 37.6 37.9 Missouri _ ... .. 9, 484 16,414 14.2 1.7 35.8 22.8 Montana... _ 1,257 4, 545 11.2 1.6 29.7 17.5 Nebraska . 3, 330 10, 845 12. 1 1.5 34.2 17.0 Nevada. _ _ ... . . 245 620 11.1 2.4 36.5 18.9 New Hampshire _ 1, 403 1, 554 9.4 2.4 28.7 25.0 New Jersey __ 22,646 5, 450 20.9 5.2 29.1 22.2 New Mexico ...... 1,009 3. 144 11.7 2.6 37.6 34.2 New York _ _ 62, 499 27. 515 28.4 3.3 30.5 17.9 North Carolina. .. .. ... 6,331 18,668 12.9 4.8 38.0 36.8 North Dakota. .... 780 7, 359 12.6 1.6 31.6 16.7 Ohio . ... _ _ 26, 295 17, 173 17. 1 5.0 32.6 25.5 Oklahoma. . _ _ _ . 6, 403 14, 104 11.5 2.7 34.5 30.6 Oregon _ _ 3, 074 4,707 13.8 2.4 33.8 22.2 Pennsylvania _ _ _ 38, 685 24, 981 16.5 2.8 33.0 32. 1 Rhode Island _ . . 3,805 458 12.6 4.2 29.4 33.0 South Carolina. . . 3, 461 11,006 i 14.6 3.5 35.4 33.8 South Dakota _ 1, 108 7,185 12.4 1.6 29.9 15.4 Tennessee. ... ... . 5, 366 17,001 14.0 3.0 36.7 29.9 Texas _ 18,269 29, 117 13.6 2.6 34.0 28.2 Utah _ 1,976 2, 656 17.0 5.0 35.1 28.6 Vermont _ _ _ 695 2,054 8. 1 1.7 30. 1 25.2 Virginia _ ... 5, 101 12, 694 17. 1 2.9 33.7 34.8 Washington... ... . . 5,863 4, 970 14.7 2.9 34.0 32.5 West Virginia _ 3, 875 12, 616 9.7 2.5 29.8 29.8 Wisconsin . . . 9,521 13, 059 16.3 1.7 31.7 22.0 Wyoming .. ... 682 2, 134 9.7 1.6 33.0 16.8 District of Columbia _ 3, 158 18.3 33.5 1 150 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Table 53. — Number of public-school buildings and indebtedness , urban and rural , 1937—38 State or District of Columbia Number of School Buildings Average Num¬ ber of Pupils to a Building Indebtedness Average Debt per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States 26, 889 202, 505 494.7 62.6 $2, 052, 514, 000 $178 Alabama _ . . 348 4, 273 501.5 116. 1 16, 072, 000 6, 323, 734 111 16 Arizona . _ _ 97 614 487.2 102.3 4, 026, 000 5, 617, 225 108 115 Arkansas _ _ 369 4, 510 287. 1 79.7 11, 419, 000 12, 467, 072 129 46 California - - 1, 911 6,809 456.9 47.3 154, 778, 000 35, 353, 971 209 118 Colorado - 278 2,474 430.2 43. 5 13, 149, 000 11, 742, 987 130 118 Connecticut _ 492 592 438.0 135.1 30, 462, 000 2, 543, 588 158 34 Delaware.. .. _ _ 33 244 670.7 93.7 288. 000 1, 453, 210 15 77 Florida _ i 686 i 1. 874 254. 1 111.9 24, 474, 000 29, 432, 865 172 172 Georgia _ _ _ 451 5, 698 480.9 90.2 10, 523, 000 9, 777, 000 61 24 Idaho _ 116 1, 179 403.1 63.3 4, 602, 000 4, 645, 739 114 71 Illinois - - 1, 455 11, 956 593.5 35.0 68, 937, 000 96, 680, 816 92 253 Indiana _ 737 2, 597 487.1 127.3 32, 895, 000 11, 439, 143 107 37 Iowa... - 562 11, 221 372.4 27.6 23, 948, 000 19, 766, 273 131 75 Kansas _ _ 464 8, 937 362.7 25.6 16, 404, 000 11,047,314 112 56 Kentucky _ 349 7,243 429.3 64. 7 4, 902, 000 9, 308, 265 39 26 Louisiana _ 201 3, 320 666.5 98.5 11, 297, 0000 13, 709, 854 107 49 Maine. .. _ _ 315 1,978 195.5 51.8 4, 199, 000 1, 296, 887 76 14 Maryland - - 199 1, 203 755.4 119.2 27, 983, 000 11, 150, 414 220 86 Massachusetts _ 1, 812 634 361.0 143.0 39, 887, 000 5, 615, 523 68 68 Michigan 1, 009 6, 966 647.8 43.9 131, 854, 000 (2) 227 Minnesota _ 528 7, 905 485.9 34.7 41, 193, 000 17, 325, 139 181 74 Mississippi _ 194 4, 795 447.5 105.0 3, 643, 000 6, 221, 374 52 16 Missouri _ 670 9, 574 475. 1 40.5 40, 492, 000 25, 789, 190 150 76 Montana _ 112 2, 825 318.2 26.5 3, 588. 000 4, 128, 133 115 62 Nebraska _ 275 7,014 392. 1 26.0 17, 688, 000 10, 716, 158 191 67 Nevada. ... - 22 260 389.5 45.3 324, 000 844, 122 46 83 New Hampshire _ 149 645 262.0 57.9 3, 007, 000 1, 284, 683 86 40 New Jersey . _ 1, 080 1,045 582.2 112.5 153, 435, 000 25, 804. 874 283 218 New Mexico. _ 86 1, 194 404.3 79.7 2, 545, 000 3, 472, 520 91 48 New York _ 2,203 8, 375 821.8 59.5 534, 248, 000 106, 173, 506 328 263 North Carolina... ... 492 3, 918 464.5 166.8 21, 652, 000 43, 119, 884 108 75 North Dakota. _ 62 4, 544 379.0 27.1 2, 168, 000 9, 721, 721 102 95 Ohio _ _ 1,536 3, 449 532.9 125.4 123, 137, 000 69, 072, 005 166 169 Oklahoma.. _ .. 555 5, 313 378. 1 80.7 23, 649, 000 28, 443, 858. 132 91 Oregon. __ . - 222 1,945 440.0 49.4 9, 999, 000 6, 664, 921 124 73 Pennsylvania. . . .. 2, 342 8, 827 521.9 81.9 226, 321,000 60, 335, 229 211 95 Rhode Island. _ 301 109 354. 9 113. 2 28, 487, 000 2, 299, 582 298 251 South Carolina ... 237 3, 144 498.5 117.9 9, 759, 000 8, 271, 712 98 28 South Dakota... . .. 89 4, 573 350.2 24.3 3, 799. 000 8, 873, 909 137 107 Tennessee.. _ 382 5,584 486.7 80.9 15, 372, 000 17, 020, 936 100 47 Texas _ 1, 339 11, 145 436.8 69. 1 79, 730. 000 41, 752, 617 165 68 Utah _ 116 533 566.2 137.4 6, 858, 000 3, 232, 344 121 47 Vermont _ 86 1,225 226.3 39.6 1, 365, 000 1, 240, 451 79 29 Virginia. .1 _ 299 399 i 400 586 70 173 4, 398 1,739 i 5, 118 7,621 1, 366 545. 2 469.3 260.5 490.1 303.9 581.9 95.6 87.8 66.4 35.9 26.1 23, 247, 000 14, 740, 000 2, 920, 000 24, 317, 000 2, 732, 000 7, 253, 000 9, 016, 207 9, 506, 400 (2) 3, 460, 218 164 93 31 96 152 21 73 31 Washington. . _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin Wyoming . _ _ 117 District of Columbia. Estimated basis previous reports. ? State figures apparently incomplete. Table 54. — Value of school property , salaries , and current expenditures, urban and rural, 1937-38 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 151 ps o 2 5 rf | 1-3 S3 ! I Is SK A A S" S^sl gsgggi ' g S1III sllli g-rff-g-rf SglSl S5133 gs’sl'l Sllsl 3SSS3 slsis I1IS! mm mm eoupooaTo woiVnh IsilS if 1 1 s •oeoeogoT silss ISsss ill'll iWl’ © 00 00 of co © *o © od S3SE1 3SS38 mm sum -is W w C3 PS u; 15 slfil ssisi slSls lisil slsii isli! H-H (NrH iii§§ §1511 hVhh'h rt'HrtHH 1SI11 gill? | §w 51111 Slggg glsll ggSlS §^§§ os (N-^eoto t^oT cf o oi of 03*03' sills Sllis §gg§! sllgg ooViupV-r O3'u5'^rvo ISall SISlS 11111 sSifS sis’ll lis’S’l 03 03 © CO UP .-T CO l> r-T g CO o CO Isili SssSI iisw mm UPtNCO^rt' UP 03 (> C3 -5)7 > J Q si SI I§Sh < ;ssSI ilfsg mis ssggs SK8SS I sssll IIISI sssSl sllsl Isisls lllsl IIIIS iSSsi isiSS sslis iisis’ ig’iii gfiii siili Sliil ssssa srssss 83KSS8' assse' cgs'ssf mil Hill iiiii H151 Mi §5 IlSsI s-ssss ssgtfs? asgsg §5§!§ g38?3;S Table 54. — Value of school property , salaries, and current expenditures, urban and rural, 1937—38 — Continued 152 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-38 Current Expense (General Control, Instruction, Operation, Maintenance, Auxiliary Agencies, and Fixed Charges) in Full- Time Day Schools Rural 3 $1, 613, 804 3, 041,660 13, 452, 340 5, 314, 195 54, 494, 625 22, 417, 467 7, 745, 414 28, 784, 758 19, 288, 669 7, 530, 005 51, 544, 774 710,410 10, 094, 172 7, 883, 983 13, 944, 587 40, 568, 795 4, 952, 208 3, 202, 193 12, 129, 421 13, 634, 537 18, 461, 456 20, 766, 678 3, 411, 130 Urban O $692, 839 3, 135, 134 69, 402, 630 1, 886, 045 245, 607, 529 8, 147, 696 1,536, 055 70, 192, 904 11, 889, 696 7, 574, 684 106, 735, 373 9, 612, 186 4, 195, 672 2, 187, 536 7, 592, 769 31, 352, 090 4, 394, 322 1, 498, 189 8, 741,317 15, 587, 671 5, 663, 621 25, 041, 533 1, 629, 237 10, 271, 663 Average Salary per Member of Instructional Staff Rural O Sssll llsls Hill IlilS 111 i rHrHrHrH rH rH rH~ rH I Urban 00 Issls mis IS113 isiii ill 1 rH rHrHrHrH hh hh hhhhh hh‘h 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Alabama. _ 1 9 13 13 4 21 20 15 16 112 Arizona _ ... ... 136 79 25 21 48 31 17 11 3 6 3 380 Arkansas. . . . . _ 1,597 588 194 107 281 160 68 28 7 10 5 3 3, 048 9 10 9 39 32 15 9 5 18 g 7 g ' 169 Florida _ .. . 2 6 3 19 17 4 16 67 Indiana _ . 11 31 44 81 364 430 98 28 22 26 7 4 12 1, 158 Kentucky 43 48 30 12 15 74 26 12 10 270 Maryland _ 4 6 4 10 24 Massachusetts. ... 8 14 16 18 51 74 37 18 13 51 19 8 28 355 Minnesota . . 6, 140 401 108 57 224 163 40 16 13 25 8 3 5 7, 203 Montana 1 _ _ 5, 152 91 6 11 86 70 19 17 7 4 2 3 5, 468 Nevada _ 186 77 14 14 20 10 2 1 1 325 New Hampshire. _. 12 39 27 30 58 45 11 3 2 5 3 1 1 237 New Jersey _ . _ 9 15 29 27 112 111 61 34 11 64 23 8 29 533 New Mexico 1 533 211 120 88 187 102 16 1, 257 New York . . 4,998 558 148 92 339 541 432 271 49 74 23 10 24 7,559 North Carolina. . 4 14 12 46 32 24 37 169 North Dakota. . . 555 460 369 317 409 70 6 4 2 3 1 1 2, 197 Ohio _ 89 98 97 98 428 571 148 65 37 47 13 9 20 1,720 Oregon.. . . __ 971 331 115 123 158 4 9 9 8 11 1 2 1 1,743 Pennsylvania 1 _ 105 134 126 151 789 616 213 127 82 128 42 15 22 2,550 Utah _ 1 6 5 3 11 6 3 5 40 Vermont. . 5 4 6 27 17 1 62 Virginia _ _ 2 5 6 40 31 19 21 124 Wisconsin _ 6,085 441 108 111 231 138 44 18 14 17 5 6 12 7, 230 District of Colum¬ bia. _ _ 1 2 6 3 1 — 2 15 Total 26,587 1 3,577 1,556 1,355 1 3,871 3,231 1.299 726 348 723 299 154 289 44, 015 B. ENTIRE COUNTY UNITS Florida 2 6 3 19 17 4 16 I 67 Kentucky _ 2 3 16 6 4 31 Louisiana 2. 1 "2 6 13 21 10 11 64 Maryland . . 4 6 4 9 23 Minnesota _ 1 1 New Jersey. . . _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 North Carolina _ 4 12 16 9 9 50 Oregon 1 1 2 Utah 1 5 2 T 8 3 1 1 22 Virginia 1 4 3 31 30 16 15 100 Total _ 1 1 2 1 11 16 20 105 100 48 61 366 C. COUNTY, EXCEPT INDEPENDENT UNITS Footnotes at end of table. 156 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 7-3 8 Table 56. — Number of administrative units by number of teaching positions , 1937-38 — Continued D. INDEPENDENT URBAN UNITS Number of Teaching Positions State or District of Columbia 1 2 3 4 5 to 9 10 to 19 20 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 99 100 to 149 150 to 199 200 or more admin¬ istra¬ tive units 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 9 11 11 3 7 1 1 1 45 Arizona _ _ 1 3 12 10 3 6 3 38 Connecticut 2 11 15 9 5 18 8 7 8 83 Delaware 1 1 1 1 4 Indiana _ . 3 4 i 2 11 48 32 "is" 18 23 6 4 12 179 K>.n t.i inky 8 21 7 7 10 3 3 59 T.onisianap 2 1 3 Maryland 1 1 Massachusetts 3 6 5 25 39 Minnesota _ _ _ _ 1 1 12 12 9 21 8 2 5 71 New Hampshire 1 1 2 9 7 3 2 5 3 1 1 35 New Jersey 1 9 24 18 8 58 22 8 29 177 New York 1 8 25 66 23 10 24 157 NTnrt.h Carolina 6 7 26 7 7 53 North Dakota 2 3 2 3 1 1 12 Ohio 2 2 22 41 13 9 20 109 Oregon 4 8 8 7 10 1 1 1 40 Utah 1 1 1 2 5 Vermont 1 2 4 4 1 12 Virginia 1 "T 3 9 1 3 6 24 Wisconsin. . 1 11 28 17 12 15 3 4 12 103 Total _ 3 5 3 20 114 179 130 1 139 329 109 | 55 162 1, 249 E. OTHER INDEPENDENT UNITS Arizona 136 79 25 21 47 28 5 1 342 A rkansas 1,597 588 194 107 281 160 68 28 7 10 5 3 3, 04* Cnnn e.eti on t 9 10 9 37 21 8( Delaware 1 1 6 2 1( 'K’entneky 43 40 6 1 1 91 Massachusetts _ _ 8 14 16 18 51 74 37 18 13 48 13 3 3 31( Minnesota 19 208 157 28 4 3 1 42( Nevada 186 77 14 14 20 10 2 1 1 32' New Hampshire _ 12 38 27 29 56 36 4 202 New Jersey 8 14 29 27 110 102 36 15 3 6 35( Nftw York 4,998 558 148 92 339 541 431 263 24 8 7, 402 North Carolina 3 8 1 2 2 1( "NJnrtih T^alrnt.fl 555 460 369 317 408 69 4 1 2, 18c Ohio 1 29 33 6 2 71 Oregon 971 331 115 122 157 1 1, 697 Vermont 2 4 2 6 23 13 5( Total _ 8, 471 2, 168 947 775 1, 759 1,244 657 385 82 92 20 3 6 16, 60S F. OTHER UNITS UNDER COUNTY BOARD Indiana 8 27 43 79 353 382 66 13 4 3 1 Minnesota 6, 140 89 401 108 38 15 5 1 1 1 Ohio 98 97 98 428 570 117 30 9 4 Wiseonsin 6,085 441 108 111 230 127 16 1 2 2 2 2 Total _ 12, 322 967 356 326 1,026 1, 084 199 44 16 10 3 3 1 Not distributed by type of administrative unit. 2 White only. estate except independent unit. STATE school systems 157 Table 57. — Number of schools , according to number of teachers, 1937—38 A. ALL SCHOOLS State Number of Elementary Teachers Number of High-School Teachers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Alabama.. _______ _ 2,171 1, 151 504 234 143 147 400 470 158 119 64 77 75 294 Arizona.. 136 79 26 18 14 10 25 — 1 6 3 3 3 23 Arkansas. _ _ __ __ 2,667 1, 103 351 175 j 72 98 125 161 148 105 84 49 57 81 Delaware __ _ 96 26 20 10 3 9 142 2 1 3 2 7 1 30 Florida. _ . _ 740 429 223 130 1 64 101 134 j 149 123 121 92 56 31 72 Louisiana.. _ _ 1,084 580 244 156 102 90 454 41 33 86 80 83 54 147 Maryland _ _ 564 253 77 681 54 32 9*. 5 15 21 25 20 15 43 Minnesota. _ . 6,559 413 300 174! 54 97 153! 7 39 | 24 80 88 227 Mississippi- . 1.989 1. 149 618 338 153 55 6, 168 172 i 101 72 66 76 Montana 2 1, 520 119 139 116 13 6 4 1 23 New Hampshire 388 102 22 31 8 4 25 5 7 11 11 13 5 14 New Jersey _. _ 191 171 110 152 67 79 367 1 5 8 12 Pennsylvania 5, 307 951 443 613 197 379 895 ! 43 71 65 100 108 79 189 Texas _ 2,600 1,441 393 381 226 213 573! 195 975 745 431 177 86 330 Utah 47 69 63 45, 22 32 1 123, 17 15 23 10 9 1 101 Wisconsin.. 6,081 484 149 136 63 23 J 126 26 40 65 72 44 89 Total _ 32, 140 8, 520 3, 682 I 2, 661 1, 242 1, 369 3, 494 1, 197 1, 750 1, 665 1, 118 831 631 1,751 C. MEMBERSHIP OF 5-9 PUPILS Alabama _ _ _ . 39 24 100 4 36 17 4 784 19 4 173 4 10 663 2 86 3 Arizona. _ _ _ _ 1 Arkansas . 39 1 31 15 2 Delaware _ . . Florida 1 1 Louisiana Maryland Minnesota _ _ New Hampshire ... 1 New Jersey Pennsylvania si 1 Texas _ _ _ 6 9 7 34 Utah _ _ 1 Wisconsin . 18 : Total 1, 881 1 2 195 8 7 9 7 34 : . 1 1 7 or more. 2 Not distributed by our classifications. 158 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Table 57. — Number of schools, according to number of teachers, 1937-38 — Continued D. MEMBERSHIP OF 10-24 PUPILS Alabama _ _ 1,052 437 18 2 1 1 107 88 5 2 1 1 A riinna 4 59 4 1 2 2 1 Arkansas 1, 172 422 20 20 55 28 5 DpIr wrto 24 14 1 1 Florida 229 193 12 30 65 31 12 2 1 Louisiana 544 189 21 4 16 43 18 M aryl an d 307 40 2 13 3 Minnesota 1, 183 230 15 6 19 1 1 1VT ississippi 609 214 172 Now TTRcnp^hirA 90 49 1 6 7 1 Npw .Tftrspy 63 99 10 Pennsylvania _ . .. 2,267 375 15 19 1 8 26 13 45 21 12 3 1 10 Tax as 2, 136 257 25 7 1 1 1 154 469 166 1 Utah 3 48 11 4 5 Wisnnnqin 1,618 254 6 28 1 22 21 8 5 Total.. . . 11, 301 2, 880 158 57 4 10 1 352 788 509 57 9 5 12 F. MEMBERSHIP OF 50-74 PUPILS Alabama. .. . Arizona _ Arkansas _ Delaware _ Florida _ Louisiana _ Maryland.. . Minnesota _ Mississippi _ New Hampshire. New Jersey _ Pennsylvania _ Texas _ _ Utah . Wisconsin _ 462 144 7 1 1 3 36 34 10 11 2 4 9 17 5 1 2 4 415 60 9 17 50 1 22 7 12 2 2 198 90 13 1 22 43 29 5 3 2 239 77 15 2 3 16 43 35 4 155 2 2 2 11 12 3 146 77 8 20 9 10 3 935 300 101 48 6 1 1 4 5 1 66 46 11 1 1 1 1 1 446 109 15 1 4 1 14 27 29 23 4 3 1,079 12 20 22 2 33 341 371 27 73 3 25 1 8 3 4 1 1 184 49 6 4 28 21 9 3 4, 406 1,024 113 6 4 5 57 482 582 299 171 21 16 Total STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 159 Table 57. — Number of schools , according to number of teachers , 1937-38 — Continued G. MEMBERSHIP OF 75-99 PUPILS State Number of Elementary Teachers Number of High-School Teachers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Alabama, 23 174; 169 39 5 1 1 52 20 20 10 4 Arizona.. _ ... _ . 2 4 2 I 11 Arkansas. . ... . 35 i60 87. 6 1 4 31 30 5 7 2 Delaware. _ _ _ 1 lb 1 1 1 Florida _ . 3 27 78; 38 6 4 7 21 21 15 - 5 Louisiana.. . _ _ . 21 108 70 | 58 13 3 2 8 13 37 g 2 Maryland _ _ 56 27 1 5 6 10 4 Minnesota . . . . 23 138 29 3 1 12 28 13 5 Mississippi _ 318 207 72 New Hampshire 4 13 8 5 5 i New Jersey . . ... 1 49 68 11 3 2 2 1 Pennsylvania . . ... 100 194 75 6 3 2 12 38 29 20 5 Texas _ 2 62 237 48 10 6 4 100 142 199 31 44 125 Utah . . _ _ _ 3 15 10 1 1 2 5 1 Wisconsin. 37 72 42 5 3 28 24 9 2 TotaL _ 84 755 1, 480 634 63 2! 11 1 . 113 276 378 278 124 163 H. MEMBERSHIP OF 100-149 PUPILS Alabama _ 54 ! 143 149 68 19 J 23 27 31 41 26 Arizona _ 3 8 9 3 2 7 Arkansas ... 13 71 133 85 17 6 1 19 32 29 17 12 Delaware .. _ . . 8 3 4 1 Florida _ 5 41 68 29 23 2 1 3 16 21 22 6 15 Louisiana _ _ 3 27 66 68 55 35 12 1 1 8 37 31 Maryland _ _ 2 48 42 3 3 2 6 6 8 Minnesota.. 3 70 117 23 12 5 2 40 63 60 Mississippi _ . . . 131 52 66 New Hampshire. 2 18 5 3 7 3 4 New Jersey ... 5 72 48 27 22 3 5 6 Pennsylvania _ . .. 8 110 383 65 48 22 1 19 40 33 46 Texas . . 26 78 123 112 68 32 12 116 39 9 75 Utah .. . _ .. . 11 28 15 4 1 1 4 10 6 2 Wisconsin _ _ _ . 3 20 47 33 1 3 1 11 35 26 22 Total _ 16 199 737 1,347 537 252 105 1 4 791 245 266 319 313 I. MEMBERSHIP OF 150-199 PUPILS Alabama _ 4 Arizona _ Arkansas _ 8 Delaware _ Florida _ Louisiana _ Maryland _ Minnesota _ Mississippi _ New Hampshire. 1 New Jersey. .. Pennsylvania. Texas _ Utah _ Wisconsin _ 1 14 23 27 58 69 27 5 4 14 15 65 2 3 3 39 59 32 25 6 3 6 11 22 20 1 8 2 3 4 2 9 23 52 13 1 7 H 11 21 9 13 | 20 33 57 1 2 4 31 23 31 4 3 1 1 3 22 19 27 47 17 1 10 101 101 10. 76 4 2 1 6 2 1 44 92 1 1 10 111 109 185 110 3 2 ii 9 50 24 1 117 28 S' 97 46 26 86 1 6 6 15| 1 4 3 3 14 2 13' 23 19 17 4 6 40 110 403 469 603 451 1 _ 1 11 71 58 1 115 538 Total 160 Table 57. — Number of schools, according to number of teachers , 1937—38 — Continued J. MEMBERSHIP OF 200-249 PUPILS Number of Elementary Teachers Number of High-school Teachers State 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 3 7 8 41 86 6 56 2 10 11 12 17 39 1 19 4 4 8 25 1 2 4 18 46 1 1 16 2 9 12 71 1 18 2 18 1 19 7 1 10 1 33 37 1 2 51 45 4 New Hampshire 1 16 2 New Jersey 4 162 3 Pennsylvania 4 14 112 293 12 46 Texas 6 48 55 30 129 Utah 13 13 2 18 Wisconsin ~ 1 3 22 15 Total 1 20 78 128 372 922 4 7 31 261 K. MEMBERSHIP OF 250-299 PUPILS Alabama . _ 2 2 7 79 49 Arizona 2 2 Arkansas 1 3 4 17 30 3 9 Delaware 5 4 Florida 2 2 53 1 6 Louisiana 1 6 66 1 16 Maryland 2 6 33 2 Minnesota^ _ _ 4 36 6 Mississippi 2 New Hampshire 3 New Jersey _ - - . . 72 1 Pennsylvania _ _ 1 20 279 18 Texas 12 20 18 161 Utah _ 18 5 Wisconsin. __ 20 9 Total __ 1 ! 17 1 1 32 1 82 859 1 4 125 1 L. MEMBERSHIP OF 300-349 PUPILS Alabama _ _ _ . 7 52 5 37 8 13 43 32 40 16 121 3 18 10 19 Arizona . ._ Arkansas. _ .... 1 1 5 4 5, 5, 9) 11 Delaware _ Florida _ 2 1 2 Louisiana.. _ _ _ Maryland Minnesota. .. .. New Jersey _ i 8; Pennsylvania. .. . 1 2 Texas. _ . _. ... Utah _ 5, 1 Wisconsin.. _ _ _ Total _ i 1 1 16 398 1 2 2 58 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 161 Table 57. — Number of schools, according to number of teachers, 1937-38 — Continued M. MEMBERSHIP OF 350 OR MORE PUPILS Table 58. — Number of 1 -teacher schools by average daily membership and grades taught 1937-38 A. IN ALL SCHOOLS REPORTED Average Membership of School State 1 to 4 5 to 9 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 54 55 to 59 60 or more Total schools 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ’ 8 9 10 11 12 13 li 15 Alabama _ .. _ 18 125 262 414 434 368 300 224 162| 105 93 48 S' 2, 641 Arizona 1 24 108 4 _ 136 Arkansas.-. ___ 6 104 250 414 459 383 294 226 157 120 r 74 53 127 2, 667 Colorado _ _ 192 413 290 172 106 63 44 21 27 21 15 4 17 1,385 Delaware 4 13 27 25 15 5 5 1 1 _ 96 Florida _ 3 J 132 159 154 95 62 35 18 1 8 6 6 4 722 Kansas 1 _ _ 386 2,106 2,014 1, 108 492 163 60 22 8 1 1 1 2 6, 364 Kentucky. _ 9 72 277 612 785 696 707 479 326 179 125 58 62 4, 387 Maryland 4 33 108 98 130 81 53 29 16 7 6 4 569 Minnesota 55 784 4, 525' L___ 1, 183 12 6, 559 Mississippi 410 970 481 1 128 1,989 Montana 1 216 732 432 136 4 1,520 New Hampshire 1 19 279 . 90 388 New Jersey 4 27 51 46 42 15 6 191 Pennsylvania 1 _ 18 176 673 1, 096 1, 055 993 589 417 207 74 41 10 1 5, 350 Texas 5 104 113 54 584 633 1 385 438 245 126 80 28 2,795 Utah 11 12 14 3 47 Wisconsin 1 _ 92 663 1, 253 1 1,346 1,060 714 | 467 246 | 129 62 20 17 ”l2 6,081 Total _ 999 5. 315 5, 955 10.842 5. 777 4. 817 4. 540 2, 185 1.489 , £28 508 293 341 43, 887 i Not distributed by number of grades taught. 162 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-3 8 Table 58. — Number of 1 -teacher schools by average daily membership and grades taught 1 93 7—38 — C ontinued C. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 2 GRADES Alabama _ _ -- 1 4 4 3 8 6 5 3 1 1 36 Arkansas 2 1 2 4 1 1 11 Colorado _ - - 8 3 11 Florida __ _ 2 1 3 5 1 1 13 Maryland 1 1 1 3 Minnesota 4 1 5 Nfpw Jersey 2 7 1 6 16 Texas 1 6 4 1 2 14 Utah 1 1 Total _ 10 1 9 17 27 9 16 8 5 5 3 1 UO E. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 4 GRADES Alabama . . - - - 1 4 13 36 30 4 9 13 2 2 1 1 1 117 Arkansas 1 6 6 9 5 4 5 1 1 1 1 40 Colorado 17 24 Florida 1 10 16 6 5 2 1 1 42 Maryland _ 1 1 5 3 4 2 16 New Jersey - _ 5 4 7 1 17 Texas 2 10 8 3 22 10 1 1 57 Utah _ 1 1 1 3 Total . . . 20 30 46 66 52 43 29 19 4 2 2 2 1 316 F. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 5 GRADES Alabama. _ _ _ 1 33 40 48 49 43 33 15 13 7 4 10 296 Arkansas . 12 21 18 19 11 11 16 9 5 5 1 1 129 Colorado 23 20 3 3 1 50 Florida 12 20 23 6 7 7 2 Maryland 2 14 8 11 4 2 1 42 New Jersey. _ _ 1 3 4 2 10 Texas .. . _ 32 37 21 22 22 1 22 4 13 174 Utah 1 1 2 Total _ 23 46 112 139 107 102 87 54 25 18 34 9 24 780 G. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 6 GRADES Alabama. _ _ 24 89 217 Arkansas . _ 1 22 32 47 Colorado. _ _ _ 19 43 26 19 Delaware ... 4 12 21 Florida _ _ 12 37 63 Kentucky ... _ 1 5 Maryland .. . .. . 6 17 New Jersey . . 1 1 7 Texas _ . . 30 23 Utah. 1 5 1 Total _ 20 107 239 420 254 226 185 127 118 71 68 30 66 1,475 49 45 41 35 22 20 10 9 15 348 4 111 21 10 4 4 76 41 30 12 7 3 2 1 4 2 214 4 6 3 1 2 22 11 11 5 5 2 57 4 1 2 1 17 14 31 36 2 33 7 22 26 2 226 1 8 403 360 288 182 180 100 101 69 85 2, 554 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 163 Table 58. — Number of 1 -teacher schools by average daily membership and grades taught- 1937—38 — Continued H. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 7 GRADES Average Membership of School State 1 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 14 15 to 20 to 24 25 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 54 55 to 59 60 or more Total schools 1 2 * 3 4 — 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Alabama. _ . _ ... 7 28 29 29 28 29 19 19 12 9 7 7 5 228 Arkansas. . . 2 20 67 87 91 59 50 44 28 21 26 13 41 549 Colorado. _ . 47 80 52 138 11 1 1 18 O 1 352 Delaware. _. _. 2 2 Florida 1 37 37 44 21 14 12 5 3 3 1 178 Maryland 4 18 70 68 97 65 42 23 16 6 6 3 418 New Jersey _ _ . _ 1 7 1 3 4 16 Texas 16 37 9 481 525 343 368 227 54 47 11 2, 118 Utah 2 2 | . .... Total _ 56i 1 136 226 401 254 692 674 478 439 276 96 74 61 3,863 I. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 8 GRADES Alabama ... 81 1 34 41 31 23 22 12 13 7 4 5 4 3 207 Arkansas . _ . . 2 41 122 245 287 260 181 129 97 73 32 28 1. 566 Colorado 65 227 185 9 84 50 35 3 17 21 9 4 16 725 Delaware 1 4 4 5 1 1 1 1 18 Florida 4 19 25 55 33 28 13 9 2 2 1 2 193 Kentucky .... 9 72 276 607 781 690 704 478 324 179 125 58 62 4, 365 Maryland 5 5 4 6 2 2 3 27 Minnesota _ _ _ 55 784 4,520 1, 181 12 6, 552 1,989 96 Mississippi- . _ 410 970 481 128 New Jersey _ _ ... 1 15 23 25 15 13 4 Texas 1 2 4 6 19 27 22 30 10 28 3 2 154 Utah _ 5 10 6 2 30 Total _ 139 1, 169 673 5, 893 2, 245 1,583 2,312 665 488 289 202 110 154 15, 922 J. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 9 GRADES Alabama _ _ 1 32 1 22 44 1 15 50 6 3 46 3 3 2 26 3 8 22 6 7 14 1 5 3 3 2 1 2 1 250 23 74 2 35 1 385 Arkansas _ _ Colorado. 3 7 6 Florida _ . Texas . . . _ 6 11 14 3 1 Utah 1 Total _ 4 55 60 60 54 43 46 29 15 4 9 3 3 K. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 10 GRADES Alabama 1 2 1 Colorado 4 Texas... .. ... ... ... 1 Total _ 1 4 ..... 2 1 1 M. IN SCHOOLS TEACHING 12 GRADES Alabama ... 3 3 1 1 1 Colorado. . ... 3 Total _ 6 1 3 1 1 164 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 7-38 Table 59. — Principals and head teachers , 1937-38 A. IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS Number of Principles Supervising Number of Head Teachers Super- Schools With— vising Schools With— State or District of Columbia j 2 teachers j 3 teachers 4 teachers J | | 5-9 teachers 1 10-14 teachers | 15-19 teachers 1 20 or more teachers | Sx -C o 03 CM 1 3 teachers 1 4 teachers 1 | 5-9 teachers ! 10-14 teachers j 15-19 teachers 20 or more teachers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Arkansas 1 1 19 21 9 4 984 166 68 74 23 2 r'nlnrndn 7 20 49 21 Delaware 3 2 7 8 8 9 1 Florida 2 21 60 22 40 384 147 92 85 12 7 Louisiana 1 575 205 125 108 50 41 38 Maryland 1 9 32 29 43 62 45 31 72 26 3 6 Minnesota 3 21 57 50 30 18 43 24 124 30 3 2 TVT is^issippi 180 56 1, 192 618 338 Montana 28 23 27 10 40 322 Npvftdfl, 3 2 31 8 9 2 2 1 New Jersey - 1 50 167 145 203 168 110 143 379 116 20 3 Ohio 1 2 7 71 168 168 162 112 79 107 260 86 13 Tslfvnd 21 56 10 92 33 20 2 1 4 Texas 465 210 213 185 1, 102 711 152 Utah 7 7 4 19 12 15 112 39 14 58 16 Wisconsin 1 152 137 96 56 429 51 55 52 2 Wyoming 2 1 2 43 38 28 46 14 5 District of Colum¬ bia. 1 14 36 22 2 1 3 16 2 1 Total - -- - 30 66 53 1, 117 1.034 864; 832 4, 647 2,387 1.064 1, 181 330 55 11 B. IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS A Kansas 15 16 4 16 19 33 69 28 4 Colorado 1 1 9 12 24 27 Dal a wn re 2 12 Florida 1 3 12 8 37 2 1 Louisiana. * 3 3 8 24 Maryland _ 8 4 10 35 2 3 4 3 2 1 1 Minnesota 1 29 42 26 102 25 69 62 154 33 8 M ississippi 162 266 29 49 220 11 Montana 1 51 36 27 43 11 2 6 Nevada 1 2 1 1 1 New Jersey 1 3 14 211 1 10 15 13 17 Ohio 20 82 110 318 2 9 45 25 5 Rhode Island 1 4 6 4 23 Texas 913 205 102 128 1,015 358 83 Utah 4 5 2 6 1 3 3 1 Vermont 1 3 13 11 43 8 3 6 Virginia 1 67 107 223 35 36 Wisconsin 7 50 33 21 66 4 7 10 Wyoming 4 15 District of Colum¬ bia 2 1 31 Total _ 3 9 1, 220 697 353 1,038 1. 047 458 203 507 117 34 18 C . IN COMBINED ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS Arkansas 34 40 203 67 23 Colorado 2 2 Delaware. .. . . 1 3 7 6 2 1 2 1 Florida 1 21 59 38 79 17 41 28 101 35 11 Louisiana 1 2 4 14 146 162 76 83 Maryland _ 6 14 10 13 5 9 48 21 5 1 Ohio 4 8 70 1 2 5 164 47 35 Rhode Island 1 1 1 Utah 1 17 7 8 8 2 27 4 2 Wisconsin 58 32 17 16 55 59 91 Total 1 1 96 175 105 193 44 138 145 635 174 76 1 i Not included in total, probably includes head teachers. 2 Opportunity school. Table 60. — Number of administrative units providing indicated services at public expense , 1937—,. STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 165 Services Provided at Public Expense Tuition Arepnooag S3 82 i CO ' 8 j S • 1 O l AjBTuemaja 1 88 . CO > i i ' 2 § School libraries Arepuooag n 61 23 3 4 22 100 55 1 JS- . CO IS 5 Ajniuamaia n §8 4 22 100 55 js Js- CO Public libraries Ajrepuooag g :8 1 00 ; « B. COUNTY, EXCEPT INDEPENDENT UNITS Ajn^uamaia; s j ■00 s JSS S3 ,, S38S § JS- 2 1 418 13 1 Arejnamaig £ JSJ3S3 CS ^S^gg 8 67 1 57 £ >” ji Periodic dental exami¬ nation ^jepnooeg 3 ; : ;3S s rH 1 MS AiB^usmaia S3 ;S :2§ s 00 1 ct Pre¬ scrip¬ tion and treat ment Arepuooag S3 5! : CO 2 AjB^uainaia ** - 2 AjBjuamaja s CN 1 Sum¬ mer schools A-repuooag ® AjB^uamaia j - i J! Ajepnooeg GO io MS AjBTuauiaia - 00 eSeiloo jonmf J US CO 00 Ajasjnjs" - 1 1 ! 1 j Ilia! !?!§i sjootps Aiepuooag j ! JSSS3°- ^ggg 5 1” JS-°2 ^-gS 8 siooqos AjBJU0IU8ia 1 W | S3S3°- ^gSIS fe-SS NO§2 1 State - Florida - Louisiana ... Maryland New Jersey Oregon. _ South Dakota. . Utah _ Virginia . . West Virginia... Total Alabama _ Delaware 2 - Mississippi North Carolina . Oregon _ South Dakota. .. Tennessee Utah _ Total 1 a l & Table 60. — Number of administrative units providing indicated services at public expense, 1937-38 — Continued C. INDEPENDENT URBAN UNITS 1937-38 166 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, Services Provided at Public Expense Tuition AjBpnooag eo CM - CO 1 005 rH ! *"* j N 05 • O 05 AJBJU8UI8I3 J? £ : 2 CM CO CO School libraries AjBpuooag £ tC C5 Tf CM CM ^ CD CO H 2 O ^ CM CD rH CM rH eo O *o AjBjnamaig; 05 cm »o 00 TJH CM CO ^ 00 CM rH 00 § CM 05 rH O CD © ^ t- n* oo F'* CM ^ CO •o Public libraries AjBpuooag GO ** ! 2 N AjBjuamaig r* N CD CM 05 Trans¬ porta¬ tion AjBpuooag CD CM CM CO CD rH 00 CO 00 Tt< Tf 05 O 3 AjRiuauiaia »0 ** CO 00 CO CM rf to CM ^ GO CO rHOO CM CO rH CO CM ^2 co^ 05 tO »o Periodic dental exami¬ nation Ainpnooag * 1 rH i CM i U- CO 2 10 24 r* AjBIU8m8[a CM ^ ^ 05 CO O Tt< rH CM 05 s Pre¬ scrip¬ tion and treat¬ ment AjBpuooag * CO < o CO H Olrf CM CD Ajbiu0ui013 ^ ! o to ~ °>3 r* OO Periodic physical examina¬ tions AjBpuooag O w Tfl 00 CO CD to to ^ 23 2* AjBiuauiaia 2 CD ^ CD ^ 23 — 05 o> Attend¬ ance Ajepnooag 2 I CM CM CM 05 »-o AjBjuamaia 1 2 1 u- CM CM CM A Visit¬ ing teach¬ ers AjBpuoaag 1 CD I - I- j T* i2 AjBiuamaia 1 »<0 1 - ! s CM CO ! ^ 3 Even¬ ing and adult schools AjBpuooag ! = 30 38 *ooo»o rH lO 05 2^ ?» | AjB}U8m0[3 ! » ils enrolled in private and parochial schools , 1937 - STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 169 Total in Elementary and Secondary Schools Total o 1 i cv* I!ll§ 81211 2112s lllli S£i!3 gills s-oToc-N- ggg&jf ggiggs gfgsfg 1 O C5 s i - assisi nsius IssSI !lsl§ Hill IISII &*•*•*’* gss'ssf gssgf; sr^'s' & £ 30 s s -r siisSl 11SI1 Hall Hiss lilEl SsISs 'S-n-g'o jh^T«W o.'n.o ^Seo'ef Vg-g Secondary Schools 1 E-i - 1 as* 5 82121 811SS -Slls 11111 21121 ! h®w cJVhcsco jh««4^'od' oVo*V oonohm ! 1251 1 0 - S S aSsIl IslSS Sslii !§§§- 1IS1S i o V slslg 11S11 sslEl lil S gjgesVTw of U3U3O0 Secondary Schools Total - II51S Islll sSHI IIS l! Of Of 00* ft Of WtCof-T^r O W«5«5 -TrH CO !• 11 180 153 4,500 2, 597 98 Girls CO sslls ISSss sisSI 1S« I r-T mrfri- of CO* i-H of of -Ted of Boys sill! Sllll IIISs IIs S I-Ti-Too . gj W of of I-Tofof «Q ~ Elementary School and Kinder¬ gartens Total 3§S§§ SSgil 3333$ 131 1 ■<* t-f CO* of 00 tg of CO of of of 00 of CO CD *C .-T JH 1 £ 741 300 124 11, 932 8, 290 1,279 Girls eo sissi ssiis ism in i CO g* '#“'** CO JO r-T Th CO* of TfTcO*CD* COjHrH ID* Boys N ISils SllSe 11111 §11 s ofcdcocded ^M'jH*^r^*eo* ®* eo*co*co" co*eo «o I 1 ! 5 i 6 o 1 ) - North Carolina _ .. . _ North Dakota _ _ ... . _ . . Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ _ _ _ _ _ Pennsylvania . . . .. ... _ Rhode Island . . . . . . South Carolina _ South Dakota _ Tennessee . . . . . . . Texas : _ _ _ Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia Washington _ _ ... _ _ West Virginia _ _ _ . Wisconsin _ Wyoming _ _ _ _ ... District of Columbia _ _ _ _ Outl vine narts of the United States Alaska _ American Samoa _ _ .. __ Hawaii _ Puerto Rico _ Table 63. — Number of schools, teachers, and pupils in Catholic elementary and high schools , 1937-38 STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS 171 Grand Total Pupils . 1 i Islll Ssssl 3§3§g SlsSi mss gsssss? SSSS5 1 b |i 2 79, 194 HalSi ggg§3 §3518 §g§ll ggggg *0 CO* v -r Total 19,493 aisss 8*811 Iss-I Teachers >> Wom¬ en s rH NMCq82 S3328 yl Men 2 l rH *- ^32 25°^°^ S2S205 § Wom¬ en 2 5 ^**38 sssrs ggsss |@§g| I Men 4,301 22532°-’ £2838 SSSklS 238SS Num¬ ber of I 1 2 2 7* S00^10 S8832 SSS23 Elementary Schools Enrollment Total, including undi¬ vided 05 s 1 «* slSSs silSI sslll 11§§I 1181s g!ssss 38S§§ S^g^S Girls ao 948, 166 §§§§§• l§S!l liSfig liiss IggiS rf-.Vfjfrf jfrfrfJJ gJssoTg 5j-=-ggs- % £ ** 947, 076 1S18S Eslss Issss Ilils S11S1 rf-r^a,“ a'asss ssssss" g-5®"” Teachers Total, includ¬ ing un¬ classi¬ fied co 59, 701 ISlel §S§SK *5111 HISS ggggs rH r-T «JHH rH* rH* CO Ot rH rH* >> 5 1 CO* Ss'0*0^ 8^2^^ S^2S32 I Wom¬ en - 50, 434 sisSii IlSgs ssasg sgjgg §g§8§ rH rtrtH rH* MN rH* rH* £ Men eo i - " 2 " 2^ j ^2332 Num¬ ber of I 1 ** 7,916 sssgs sssss g||gg sessss gssss < District of Columbia „ 1 1 Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas _ _ California _ Colorado _ . Connecticut _ _ Delaware _ _ _ Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho _ _ Illinois _ Indiana Iowa _ _ _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine. Maryland _ Massachusetts _ Michigan _ Minnesota _ Mississippi Missouri _ Montana Nebraska _ _ Table 63. — Number of schools , teachers , and pupils in Catholic elementary and high schools , 1937-38 — Continued 172 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1937-38 3 s y Pupils SSIli 1IS1I co ad-Tod© 298, 084 31,878 2,063 10, 659 7,967 44, 847 1,216 10, 066 7, 890 15, 824 Sis S a o Teach¬ ers 919 3, 720 460 11,483 156 458 4, 689 440 462 8, 788 995 94 527 335 1,746 69 398 333 815 311 3, 258 54 3 Total 1,690 16, 158 1,060 48,431 280 1,527 23, 237 1,700 2.017 41, 445 4.946 567 1, 181 1.947 6,009 453 §11 1,701 10, 501 102 3, 020 1 Girls 1, 169 8, 552 699 27, 341 161 967 13.034 §1 ' -4 22, 881 2,270 313 690 1,013 3,500 243 900 1, 188 2, 253 938 5, 662 61 S 2 1 Boys 521 7, 606 361 21,090 119 560 10,203 787 729 18,564 2, 676 254 491 934 2, 509 210 713 870 1, 636 763 4, 839 41 1, 187 8 1 Total 105 856 65 2, 609 48 130 1,329 166 189 1,939 244 35 72 100 429 33 89 139 254 §8° s tx 53 g Lay Wom¬ en 9 93 3 283 5 7 121 ^ oc 135 ’? 1 8“° ,000 CO 3 1 E Men 145 5 314 - - ( _ Interest on a 11 debts tal outlay _ — 1 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 Figure 5. —Indebtedness and expenditures per pupil in average daily attendance in city school systems of 10,000 or more population each, 1928-38. A percentage distribution of expenditures for instruction by the school systems of cities of 10,000 or more population shows that for each group a greater proportion was devoted to salaries and expenses of supervision, and a smaller proportion to textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction in the elementary schools than in any of the other types (table XXI) . The regular 4-year high schools in the school systems of groups I and II and the junior high schools in those of group III used greater proportions for salaries of teachers than did any of the other types of schools. The vocational and trade high Table XXI. — Percentage distribution of expenses for instruction in various types of schools in school systems of cities , by population group, 1938 24 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, Percent by Type of School All types uoijanjjsui jo sasuadxa aaqjo pun ‘saqddns ‘sqooqjxax N 05 N O CO id CO 3 saaqonaj jo sauning 00 W 87.0 85.7 85.3 eo 8 sindiouud jo sasuadxa'pun sauning D* 7.9 7.1 6.8 r-* sjosiAjadns jo sasuadxa pun saucing CD 2 3 4 5 6 1928 _ _ _ $393 $399 $377 $320 $375 1930 _ 428 419 390 333 399 1932 _ 445 437 338 319 409 1934 _ 455 438 378 314 409 1936 _ 460 440 385 313 417 1938 _ 486 480 401 331 440 City School District Bonded Indebtedness The bonded indebtedness in 1938, not including amounts in sinking funds, of all city school districts, each of which had a population of 10,000 or more, amounted to $1,761,374,000, or $196.56 per pupil in average daily attendance. The corresponding amounts were some¬ what more 2 years previously, but somewhat less 4 years previously. Ten years previously, that is, in 1928, the indebtedness of all city school systems in the 10,000 or more population groups at that time was $1,463,987,000, or $183.99 per pupil (fig. 5). Stating it another way, the combined indebtedness in 1938 of all city school districts of 10,000 or more population was $1,761,374,000, or $12.57 per pupil greater than the indebtedness in 1928 of all comparable city school 32 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 districts. The greatest total and also per-pupil amounts of indebted¬ ness was carried by these school districts in 1932, however, when it was close to $2,000,000,000 and $206, respectively. Considering the combined bonded indebtedness of the city school districts composing the three groups, separately, we find that for those of each group, increases and decreases in total amounts, and with one exception in amounts per pupil, were evident in exactly the same order as they were for such districts of all groups combined, the exception being a decrease instead of an increase in the indebted¬ ness per pupil from 1930 to 1932 for those of group Ill. The amounts of increase and decrease in indebtedness, of course, varied consider¬ ably among the different groups (table XXIX). Table XXIX. — Bonds outstanding , less amount in sinking fund , in school districts of cities , by population group , 1928-38 Amount of Bonds in— Year Group I Group II Group III Groups combined Total (in thou¬ sands) Per pupil Total (in thou¬ sands) Per pupil Total (in thou¬ sands) Per pupil Total (in thou¬ sands) Per pupil 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1928 _ 1930 _ 1932 _ 1934 _ 1936 _ $867, 004 1, 017, 501 1, 200, 888 1, 099, 854 1, 169, 356 1, 146, 742 $192. 63 216. 03 222. 04 203. 96 219. 07 217.00 $313, 766 355, 202 389, 855 348, 514 353, 937 321,601 $180. 59 191.21 203. 25 194.49 198. 96 183. 15 $283, 217 298, 790 327, 674 301, 101 309, 164 293, 031 $164. 81 165. 71 164. 41 155. 33 160. 30 152. 58 $1, 463, 987 1, 671, 493 1, 918, 417 1, 749, 469 1, 832, 457 1,761,374 $183. 99 199. 68 205. 85 191. 78 202. 58 196. 56 Assessed Valuation, Total and Per Pupil The assessed valuation of the property subject to taxation for school purposes in 1938 in all city school districts of 10,000 or more popula¬ tion, totaled $77,673,028,000, or $7,487 per pupil enrolled in school. These valuations were smaller than the comparable ones in 1934, which were, in turn, smaller than those in 1930. Comparing the valuations in 1930 with similar ones in 1928 in all city school districts then included in the same population grouping, however, we find increases, rather than decreases, for the latter year over the former. In other words, total and per-pupil valuations increased from 1928 to 1930, but decreased from 1930 to 1934, and again, from 1934 to 1938. A comparison of the assessed valuations in the city school districts of each of the three population groups, separately (group I, population 100,000 or more; group II, population 30,000 to 99,999; and group III, population 10,000 to 29,999) shows increases and decreases in every case exactly as they were for all the districts combined (table XXX). CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 33 Table XXX. — Assessed valuation of property taxed for school purposes and amount per enrolled pupil in school districts of cities, by population group, 1928-38 Assessed Valuation Group 1928 1930 1934 1938 Average 1928-38 Total (in thousands) Per pupil Total (in thousands) Per pupil Total (in thousands) Per pupil Total (in thousands) Per pupil Total (in thousands) Per pupil 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 I _ II _ III Total $59, 370, 052 14, 567, 649 11, 513, 973 $10, 930 7, 015 5, 669 $63, 497, 997 15, 484, 599 12, 343, 355 $11,290 7,005 5, 826 $57, 030, 904 12, 941, 986 10, 574, 943 $9, 022 6, 259 4, 757 $54, 554, 533 12, 891,691 10. 226, 804 $8, 877 6, 343 4, 656 $58, 613, 371 13, 971, 481 11, 164, 768 $9, 967 6, 663 5, 212 85,451,674 8, 958 91,325,951 | 9, 175 80, 547, 833 7,590 77,673,028 7,487 83, 749, 621 8,276 Summer Schools In 1938 only 135 city school systems reported summer schools, as compared with 155 reporting such schools in 1936 and 160 reporting them in 1934 (table XXXI). Thirty-five of the school systems re¬ porting summer schools in 1938 were in group I; 35 in group II; 45 in group III; and 20 in group IV. In other words, in 1938, 36.6 percent of the school systems of the cities of group I, 15.9 percent of those in the cities of group II, 6.9 percent of those in the cities of group III, and 1 percent of those in the cities of group IV maintained summer schools. Before 1928 there was a rapid increase in the number of city school systems reporting the maintenance of such schools, but since that time the number has been decreasing rapidly — it being 70 percent from 1928 to 1938. During the same period the number of supervisors, principals, and teachers employed in summer schools decreased 72.5 percent, the number of pupils enrolled in them de¬ creased 76.7 percent, and expenditures for them decreased 76.2 percent. During the 4-year period from 1930 to 1934, however, the decreases in summer school facilities were even more noticeable. Table XXXI. — Summer schools in school systems of cities of 2,500 population and more, 1928-38 Year Number of school sys¬ tems re¬ porting Number of supervisors, principals, and teachers Enroll¬ ment Expendi¬ tures for sys¬ tems report¬ ing item i 2 3 4 5 1928 447 14, 377 14, 481 456, 099 $3, 242, 665 1930 _ _ 374 492, 638 4, 043, 433 1932 _ . _ _ 278 13, 253 3, 317 439, 030 3, 755, 821 1934, 160 109, 844 602, 363 1936 155 3, 779 117, 176 666, 158 1938 135 3,661 106, 270 771,305 34 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 The decrease from 374 to 160 between 1930 and 1934 in the number of cities reporting summer schools may be accounted for largely by the fact that during the industrial depression period many boards of education in order to reduce expenditures eliminated such schools. Summer schools were established largely to assist pupils who failed in one or two subjects to make up work and to make possible rapid advancement for able pupils. Now more attention is given to individual pupils so that they may advance at a more nearly normal rate than formerly. This may be resulting in less need for summer schools. Night Schools In 1938, 412 city school systems reported night and Americanization schools, not including those maintained by Federal Government funds through the Works Progress Administration. Of this number, 75 were in the school systems of group I; 120 in those of group II; 151 in group III; and 66 in those of group IV. On a percentage basis, 83.3 percent of the school systems of group I, 54.5 percent of those of group II, 23.3 percent of those of group III, and 3.4 percent of those of group IV, reported such schools, (table XXXII). Table XXXIT. - Night and Americanization schools in school systems of cities of 2,500 population and more , 1937—38 Year Number of school systems reporting Number of supervisors, principals, and teachers Enrollment Expenditures for cities reporting item 1 2 3 4 5 1928 _ _ 711 23, 604 24, 071 993, 985 1, 038, 052 978, 471 811,882 783, 726 $9, 496, 170 10, 682, 349 8, 342, 352 6, 469, 485 7, 455, 054 8, 631, 445 1930 . . 664 1932 561 23, 675 1934 _ _ 382 16, 524 16, 563 18, 617 1936 . . . . 385 1938 _ _ _ 412 1, 016, 435 A much larger number of city school systems maintained night schools in 1928 than in 1938. During the first 6 years of the decade, the number decreased from 7 1 1 to 382 ; during the last 4 years, how¬ ever, there was some increase for each biennium. The enrollment and the number on the instructional staff of these schools, as well as their cost, reached the highest point in 1930 and the lowest point in 1934. Increased enrollments between 1934 and 1938, practically to the high point of 1930, necessitated the employment of more teachers, principals, and supervisors, which, in turn, increased costs. Part II. Statistical Details I.— Summary for the United States Table 1. — Comparative summary of personnel and fiscal statistics, by types of schools , for the three groups of city school systems in cities of 10,000 population and more, 1937-38 [The grouping of these cities is based on the United States census of 1930] Population groups Item I— Cities of 100,000 population and more II — Cities of 30,000 to 99,999 population III— Cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population Groups I, II, and III combined 1 2 3 4 5 I— Total Population, Attendance, and Person¬ nel in Public Day Schools Total population _ „ _ _ 36, 107, 120 10, 600, 189 10, 273, 793 56, 980, 102 90 220 648 958 345 285 654 1,284 1,678 985 1, 146 3,809 7, 488 2,597 3, 054 13, 139 Number of teachers: Men _ _ . . -- 33, 127 11, 655 12, 939 57, 721 Women _ _ _ _ __ . _ 146, 776 52, 867 56, 330 255, 973 Other instructional staff _ _ _ __ _ 1, 211 693 1, 904 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ _ 3, 119, 627 1, 030, 477 1, 111, 741 5, 261, 845 Girls _ _ . _ 3, 026, 147 1, 000, 475 1, 084, 538 5, 111, 160 Average daily attendance 5, 284, 391 184 1, 754, 937 1, 920, 464 8, 959, 792 Length of school year (days) 182 180 182 Number of schools _ _ __ _ . _ . 11, 935 5, 380 6, 975 24,290 Number of school buildings _ ... - 7, 922 3,839 5,593 17, 354 II. — Distribution of Personnel and Attendance in Public Day Schools. Nursery schools: City school svstems reporting _ _ _ _ 5 1 3 9 Teachers (women) _ . _ _ 12 1 15 28 Other instructional staff. _ 3 3 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ .. 211 16 154 381 Girls . _ _ 219 16 169 404 Average daily attendance. . 216 16 161 393 Number of schools 7 1 6 14 Kindergartens: City school systems reporting. ...... _ 74 144 289 507 Supervisors _ _ 26 5 31 Principals 1 4 6 11 Teachers (women) 5, 871 1,634 1, 399 8,904 Other instructional staff 11 11 Enrollment: Boys _ . _ _ ... . 175, 805 172, 844 42, 781 32, 168 250, 754 Girls . _ 41, 836 30, 696 245. 376 Average dailv attendance ... 219, 640 4. 443 57, 657 44, 961 322, 258 Number of schools 1, 518 150 1,412 7, 373 Elementary schools (grades 1-6) : City school systems reporting 45 328 523 Supervisors _ _ 408 405 428 1,241 Principals 1, 867 957 1,158 907 3, 932 Teachers: Men _ _ _ _ 523 542 2, 022 Women. .. . _ _ . _ _ _ _ 30, 587 20, 324 16, 668 67, 579 Other instructional staff. . . . . . 102 146 248 Enrollment: Boys _ _ 593, 966 561, 097 353, 195 295, 406 1, 242, 567 1, 173, 183 Girls _ 333, 932 597, 285 278, 154 Average daily attendance _ _ 977, 780 2,424 495, 277 2, 070, 342 6, 526 Number of schools. _ _ _ _ _ _ 2,006 2,096 35 36 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 I. — Summary for the United States — Continued Table 1. — Comparative summary of personnel and fiscal statistics, by types of schools for the three groups of city school systems in cities of 10,000 population and more, 1 937-38 — Continued Population groups Item I— Cities of 100,000 population and more II — Cities of 30,000 to 99,999 population III — Cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population Groups I, II, and III combined 1 2 3 4 5 II.— Distribution of Personnel and Attendance in Public Day Schools— Continued Elementary schools (grades 1-8) : City school systems reporting _ ._ _ 58 93 326 477 Supervisors. _. . . . . . 744 265 427 1,436 Principals _ _ _ ... _ 3, 465 630 1,037 5, 132 Teachers: Men _ . . . 4, 270 697 1,460 6, 427 Women _ ... _ 64, 346 12,915 20, 229 97, 490 265 1, 221, 484 146 411 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ 222, 915 368, 330 1,812, 729 Girls _ 1, 156, 138 212, 245 352, 644 1, 721, 027 Average daily attendance _ 2, 097, 985 378, 427 626, 181 2, 296 3, 102, 593 Number of schools _ _ _ _ 3,696 1,074 7, 066 Junior high schools: City school systems reporting _ ... _ 69 151 275 495 Supervisors _ _ 191 136 60 387 Principals _ _ _ ... _ _ 916 394 336 1,646 Teachers: Men _ . _ _ . _ 6, 537 3, 367 2,267 12, 171 Women _ _ _ _ 16, 311 8,043 5, 251 29, 605 Other instructional staff 293 356, 638 157 450 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ 165, 613 113, 564 635, 815 Girls _ 360, 289 164, 491 111, 649 636, 429 Average daily attendance _ 645, 987 291, 882 202, 770 1, 140, 639 Number of schools _ 614 412 379 1,405 Senior high schools: City school systems reporting _ 48 135 256 439 Supervisors . . . . . .. .. 100 106 90 296 Principals... _ _ _ _ _ 303 203 282 788 Teachers: Men _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4,083 3, 739 3, 191 11,013 Women _ _ 6, 154 5, 432 4, 533 16, 119 Other instructional staff 163 140 303 Enrollment: Boys _ 156, 536 131, 795 105, 738 394, 069 Girls _ 159, 038 137, 197 109, 513 405, 748 Average daily attendance _ _ 274, 865 233, 542 194, 250 276 702, 657 Number of schools _ 174 166 616 Junior-senior high schools: City school systems reporting... _ 23 20 73 116 Supervisors... _ _ ... _ . 48 17 21 86 Principals... _ _ _ _ ... _. _ 150 47 102 299 Teachers: Men _ _ _ _ _ 1,762 564 1,183 3, 509 Women _ .. ... .. _ 3,057 933 1,887 5,877 Other instructional staff 71 14 85 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ 68, 083 21, 715 44, 344 134, 142 Girls _ 73, 524 22, 462 45, 937 141,923 Average daily attendance _ . . _ 124, 767 39, 632 82, 707 247, 106 Number of schools _ _ 81 37 96 214 Regular high schools: City school systems reporting _ 51 72 293 416 Supervisors _ _ _ _ _ _ 138 41 118 297 Principals _ 622 122 358 1, 102 Teachers: Men _ _ _ ... . . _ 12,411 2,086 4, 024 18, 521 Women _ _ 18, 300 3, 207 6, 182 27, 689 Other instructional staff . 254 56 310 Enrollment: Boys - 463, 003 75,041 145, 589 683, 633 Girls _ 478, 613 77, 812 151,563 707, 988 Average daily attendance _ .... - 831, 189 135, 907 265, 866 1,232,962 Number of schools... . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 357 115 371 843 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 37 I.- — Summary for the United States — Continued Table 1. — Comparative summary of personnel and fiscal statistics, by types of schools for the three groups of city school systems in cities of 10,000 population and more, 1 937-38 — Continued Population groups Item I— Cities of 100,000 population and more II— Cities 1 of 30,000 1 to 99,999 1 population j III — Cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population i Groups I, II, and III combined 1 2 3 4 5 II.— Distribution of Personnel and Attendance in Public Day Schools— Ccntinued Vocational and trade high schools: City school systems reporting. . . . 39 25 13 77 Supervisors _ _ _ _ __ _ ... 19 8 1 28 Principals _ _ _ _ _ 132 21 8 161 Teachers: Men _ _ _ _ 2,375 321 74 2,770 Women. . _ . ------ 1,638 144 17 1, 799 14 i 2 16 Enrollment : Boys _ -. ... _ - - 64,355 8, 022 1,884 74, 261 Girls _ 45,294 3, 148 317 48, 759 Average daily attendance _ - _ 87,427 | 8,289 1,508 : 97,224 Number of schools _ ... .. _ 106 ! 28 13 147 Colleges and normal schools: City school systems reporting . - - _ 21 20 30 71 Supervisors _ _ - - . 4 2 1 7 Principals. _ . 32 18 18 68 Teachers: Men _ _ _ 732 358 198 1, 288 Women _ _ . . _ 500 234 149 883 Other instructional staff 46 21 _ | 67 Enrollment: Boys. _ _ _ 19,546 9,384 1 4, 564 33, 494 Girls _ 19, 091 7,336 3,896 30, 323 Average daily attendance. . _ . . . ... 24,535 12, 300 6, 783 43, 618 Number of schools _ __ _ . . _ 33 : 23 30 86 III.— Part-Time and Continuation Schools City school systems reporting.. _ _ . 44 66 47 1 157 Supervisors _ _ . _ . _ 17 23 19 1 59 Principals. _ _ _ 31 25 19 75 Teachers: Men _ . _ . - -- --- _ 491 334 173 998 Women _ . _ . ... . .. 534 278 129 , 941 Other instructional staff . _ 39 2 41 Enrollment: Boys _ _ _ _ . . 39,682 12, 692 4,438 56, 812 Girls _ 44, 152 15, 281 4,395 63. 828 IV.— Night and Americanization Schools City school systems reporting _ 75 120 151 346 Supervisors _ 51 451 86 1 2,099 593 17, 452 Principals.. _ _ . ... .. ... _ Teachers.. .. _ _ _ 337 11,958 766, 339 74/ 3, 395 Enrollment _ _ 158, 201 76,047 1, 000, 587 V.— Summer Schools City school systems reporting . . 35 35 45 115 Supervisors _ _ ... _ ... . 5 21 20 170 Principals. .. _ _ ... . _ _ _. 126 17/ Teachers . . . . . . 2,256 494 595 3, 345 Enrollment . . _ _ _ _ 80, 347 11, 982 11,070 103, 399 VI. — Receipts and Balances From the Federal Government _ .. . . _ $10, 943, 658 $2,235,279 $2, 298, 139 $15, 477, 076 From the State .. _. _ .. 178, 813, 406 44,579,089 44,705,136 ! 268, 097, 631 From the county. .. _ ... _ _ ._ 8, 027, 861 4, 963, 536 4, 080, 376 17, 071,773 From general property taxes and city appropriations for current expenses and capital outlay _ 515, 317, 216 136, 950,808 122,361,585 774, 629, 609 From taxation for debt service _ _ 72. 716, 845 22, 765, 042 ! 16,374,474 111,856,361 From other civil divisions for tuition 2. 529, 248 3, 482, 624 5, 279, 431 11,291,303 20, 595, 426 All other local revenue _ . .. _ 11,450, 172 4, 630, 602 4, 514, 652 From loans and bond sales _ _ ... ... 33, 359, 889 10, 409, 429 13,416,493 57, 185, 811 From sales of property _ _ ...... 1, 103, 940 680, 787 394, 794 2, 179, 521 All other nonrevenue receipts _ .. . _ _ 5, 732, 820 1, 770, 313 2, 192, 784 9, 695, 917 Cash balance from previous school year _ .... 110, 675,255 33, 071, 345 27, 918, 828 ! : 171, 665, 428 Total receipts and balances . . _ 950, 670, 310 265. 538, 854 243, 536, 692 1, 459, 745, 856 38 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 I. — Summary for the United States — Continued Table 1. — Comparative summary of personnel and fiscal statistics, by types of schools for the three groups of city school systems in cities of 10,000 population and more, 1937-38 — Continued Item Population groups Groups I, II, and III combined I — Cities of 100,000 population and more II — Cities of 30,000 to 99,999 population III — Cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population 1 2 3 4 5 VII.— Expenses, Outlays, and other Pay¬ ments for School Purposes General Control: Business _ _ _ 10, 244, 549 9, 190, 684 6, 100, 459 38, 581, 369 426, 798, 539 19, 121, 978 2, 964, 006 6, 976, 401 603, 750 58, 007, 625 25, 195, 597 14, 819, 945 23, 431, 583 2, 849, 809 2, 687, 210 2, 628, 578 9, 250, 712 114, 820, 339 6, 935, 613 1, 463, 075 1, 105, 676 92, 067 19, 395, 088 6, 619, 587 5, 185, 618 2, 967, 775 3, 626, 861 3, 199, 488 2, 274, 098 8, 024, 944 103, 263, 218 7, 124, 791 510, 683 475, 589 64, 776 19, 469, 266 6, 535, 913 6, 211, 628 2, 918, 225 16, 721, 219 15, 077, 382 11, 003, 135 55, 857, 025 644, 882, 096 33, 182, 382 4, 937, 764 8, 557, 666 760, 593 96, 871, 979 38, 351, 097 26, 217, 191 29, 317, 583 Educational Expenses of instruction (day schools) : Salaries and expenses of principals.. . _ . Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff ... Cost of textbooks, school library books, stationery supplies, salaries of librarians, and other expenses of instruction _ _ ___ _ _ Total cost of part-time and continuation schools _ Total cost of night and Americanization schools _ Operation of plant— janitors’ wages, fuel, light, etc... Coordinate activities and auxiliary agencies _ _ Total current expenses _ _ 642, 036, 485 176, 001, 147 163, 699, 480 981. 737, 112 Interest paid on indebtedness (from current funds) ... Outlay — Capital acquisition and construction _ Expenses of debt service (not including interest) _ Grand total expenditures _ _ . _ 50, 759, 828 77, 150, 996 89, 567, 076 14, 646, 560 15, 557, 242 24, 942, 765 13, 410, 222 16, 518, 772 24, 105, 094 78, 816, 610 109, 227, 010 138, 614, 935 859. 514, 385 231, 147, 714 217, 733, 568 1, 308, 395, 667 VIII.— Distribution of Expenses of. Instruc- Day schools: TI0N Nursery schools (salaries of teachers and other instructional stuff) _ 19, 700 12, 388, 471 2,178 2, 930, 158 7, 818 2, 002, 051 29,696 17, 320, 680 Kindergartens (salaries of teachers and other in¬ structional stafE) _ . Elementary schools: Salaries and expenses of supervisors 1 _ Salaries and expenses of principals 1 _ Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff... Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction l 4, 211, 589 23, 205, 230 218, 410, 724 7, 985, 069 1, 719, 608 5, 208, 661 55,604,468 2, 649, 543 1, 652, 079 4, 301, 900 52, 665, 176 3, 212, 227 7, 583, 276 32, 715, 791 326, 680, 368 13, 846, 839 Total _ _ _ 253, 812, 612 65, 182, 280 61, 831, 382 380, 826, 274 Junior high schools: Salaries and expenses of supervisors 713, 325 5, 313, 057 54, 689, 827 2, 885, 809 376, 610 1, 639, 577 21, 427, 575 1, 420, 456 117, 144 1, 012, 847 11, 860, 909 875, 189 1, 207, 079 7, 965, 481 87, 978, 311 5, 181, 454 Salaries and expenses of principals . Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff. . Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction _ . _ .. _ _ _ Total _ 63. 602, 018 24, 864, 218 13, 866, 089 102, 332, 325 Senior high schools: Salaries and expenses of supervisors. _ _ _ 356, 275 1, 775, 680 24, 573, 931 1, 692, 727 320, 270 1, 287, 979 19, 241, 031 1, 618, 940 192, 463 1, 058, 308 13, 747, 207 1, 172, 337 869, 008 4, 121, 967 57, 562, 169 4, 484, 004 Salaries and expenses of principals _ . . . . Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff... Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction ... _ _ Total. . . . 28, 398, 613 22, 468, 220 16, 170, 315 67, 037, 148 Junior-senior high schools: Salaries and expenses of supervisors.. . . 155, 575 938, 884 11, 652, 139 753, 602 41, 248 213, 431 2, 745, 439 167, 764 41, 860 311, 625 5, 016, 133 393, 861 238, 683 1, 463, 940 19, 413, 711 1, 315, 227 Salaries and expenses of principals . . . Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff. .. Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction . . . Total.. . . . . . . 13, 500, 200 3, 167, 882 5, 763, 479 22, 431, 561 * Including kindergartens. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 39 I. — Summary for the United States— Continued Table 1. — Comparative summary of personnel and fiscal statistics , by types of schools for the three groups of city school systems in cities of 10,000 population and more, 1937-38 — Continued Item Population groups Groups I, II, and III combined I — Cities of 100,000 population and more II — Cities of 30,000 to 99,999 population III — Cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population 1 2 3 4 5 VIII.— Distribution of Expenses of Instruc¬ tion — Continued Regular high schools (not organized on junior-senior plan) : Salaries and expenses of supervisors _ ... . Salaries and expenses of principals. _ Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff . Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of 560, 625 5, 852, 898 89, 991, 336 4, 685, 044 131,587 650, 894 10, 509, 324 779, 838 267, 169 1. 262, 925 17, 102, 006 1, 353, 793 959, 381 7, 766, 717 117, 602, 666 6, 818, 675 Total _ 101, 089, 903 12, 071, 643 19, 985, 893 133, 147, 439 Vocational and trade high schools: Salaries and expenses of supervisors.. _ _ Salaries and expenses of principals. _ Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of 86. 102 1, 139, 818 11, 057, 661 811, 589 30, 907 108, 079 1, 003, 703 128, 836 2, 883 24, 358 167, 516 13, 947 119, 892 1, 272, 255 12, 228, 880 954, 372 Total _ 13, 095, 170 1, 271, 525 208, 704 14, 575, 399 Colleges and normal schools (controlled by city board of education) : Salaries and expenses of supervisors _ . _ Salaries and expenses of principals _ Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff ... Cost of textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction _ _ _ .. _. _. 16. 968 355. 802 4, 014, 750 308, 138 8, 348 142,091 1, 356, 463 170, 236 500 52, 981 694, 402 103, 438 25, 816 550, 874 6, 065, 615 581, 812 Total ... ... _ 4, 695, 658 1, 677, 138 851, 321 7, 224, 117 Total cost of instruction in part-time and continua¬ tion schools _ Total cost of instruction in night and Americani¬ zation schools ... _ . . . . . _ Total cost of instruction in summer schools _ IX.— Expenses of Debt Service Redemption of bonds by payment from — Current funds . .. . _ _ _ _ _ . Sinking funds 2 _ ... _ _ _ _ Payments to sinking funds _ _ _ 2, 597, 850 6, 457, 887 589, 359 1, 098, 255 985, 670 91,045 510, 683 475, 589 64, 776 4, 206, 788 7, 919, 146 745, 180 51, 174, 879 4, 126, 393 2, 322, 996 50, 759, 828 76, 861 35, 287. 877 781, 324 18, 019, 906 454, 126 706, 076 14, 646, 560 38, 731 5, 513, 861 702, 922 18, 530, 028 830, 776 1, 090, 307 13, 410, 222 20, 181 4, 175, 781 308, 978 87, 724, 813 5, 411, 295 4, 119, 379 78, 816, 610 135, 773 44, 977, 519 1, 793, 224 Payments of interest from— Current funds . . .... _ Sinking funds 2 _ ... .. _ _ Redemption of short-term loans... _ . . . _. . Refunds and other expenses of debt service . . . Total _ 140, 326, 904 39, 589, 325 37, 515, 316 217, 431, 545 X.— Bonds and Sinking Funds (Thousands of Dollars) School bonds outstanding at close of school year. . _ _ . Other forms of school debt at close of school year _ Total amount in school sinking funds at close of school year... .... _ .... _ _ 1, 146, 742 67, 044 92, 294 54, 554, 533 2, 569, 524 486 321, 601 6, 553 19, 580 12, 891, 691 842, 131 480 293, 031 6, 049 12, 575 10, 226, 804 770, 488 401 1, 761, 374 79, 646 124, 449 77, 673, 028 4, 182, 143 467 XI.— Valuation of Property Valuation of property upon which school taxes are levied (thousands of dollars) _ Value of school properties (thousands of dollars).. _ Value of school properties per pupil in average daily attendance _ .... .... ... 2 Not included in total expenditures. 40 H X g O X I BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 FULL-TIME DAY SCHOOLS 8 2 < Average daily attend¬ ance ao ao Oi N 114, 466 37, 322 88, 339 739, 875 100, 887 192, 984 19, 121 84, 451 121, 274 40, 343 750, 844 308, 665 183, 491 146, 287 123, 618 65, 288 55, 136 105, 073 587, 274 580, 558 227, 727 69, 695 269, 375 31,821 length of school term (days) ao OS t" ^ W OO CO --I OO «5 00 OS Tj< O O O O O SO r- K- UO OS OOOOOWN oooooot^t'- oot^t^t^oo ooooosoooo Enrollment Girls •O 6, 341, 837 69, 725 23, 009 53, 524 437, 610 59, 103 105, 383 11,031 51,409 77, 674 23, 242 421, 988 177, 356 103, 883 84, 279 74,422 41,131 30, 677 61, 327 321, 443 332, 268 128, 909 45, 004 158, 727 17, 533 Boys 6, 507, 980 68, 850 24, 246 53, 070 461, 718 60, 492 110,187 11,102 50,368 74,139 23, 523 447, 037 181, 618 105, 997 86,718 74, 363 41, 732 30, 919 63, 002 333, 273 340, 219 129, 295 41,817 162, 152 18, 100 Number of — Clerical staff 1 Part- time w ao eo . o CM iiiii i i CM CO ' 05 Q5 i i i 05 iiiii ii i ii' i-H i 'll iiiii ii i ill Full¬ time a 8, 171 ONINOOOO 0050500 CMCOOOCMCM ^XOON CO 05 CO CO tO ^ CO 05 ' 05 CM ’-H CO CO CO »0 CO h 05 t* *0 —1 CM CO i-H ^ Other 1USUUC-, tional staff 1 - 1,904 1—1 1 Tft o Tt« 'CO ' ' CO 05 TtH 05 »0 U- r-H '05 00 o CM CM H Is- ' 1 r-H Tf CM 1C 1— 1 CM ' rH 00 IOhN i CO i iii Teachers Women - 317, 138 3,049 1,029 2, 153 21, 965 2, 763 6, 196 588 2, 648 3, 344 959 21, 983 8, 038 5,575 4,012 3,649 1,815 1,735 2, 911 17, 932 14, 882 6, 799 1,973 7,261 1,000 Men - 00 s 461 239 426 5, 695 694 1,023 139 432 616 397 4, 039 2, 484 1, 1 77 1,063 819 260 306 677 4, 082 4, 142 1,578 324 1,558 198 Princi¬ pals ao 15, 891 117 71 122 1,221 173 315 29 130 121 64 761 462 269 276 243 110 50 123 797 940 330 120 468 49 Super¬ visors ** ONIMhN OSNNOO hhhOSO HijifflODO NMIOOI 0 ,-H -H tN osdd csi ,—1 C's os T-r cm _ Super¬ intend¬ ents C© W , e* w «r t>-iootoco ©t^osco^ oncooo 050000 Tf H^NCO TF Tf CM rH 0 00 CO to H CM H ^ CO N M 00 rH School build¬ ings o eo 1 W5 , ** 276 97 369 1,911 278 492 33 175 316 116 1,455 737 562 464 347 124 315 164 1,812 1, 009 528 194 670 112 1 Schools r* eo" eo t-h 05 05 05 CM CO to CM CO CO to CM CO 00 O CONC0 050 to CO *-i CO oon*o^ cmtf^oo— < *o *o n o o oi t- ^ homh CO H CO CO CO r» CM CO TH 0 0)05CO^ t-h CO CM CM 05 CM 05 cm" cm" cm" ^h" I i i City school system -1 N § e? 1 tO ^ 05 CO 00 CO to H CO H SIOCOCMH ^ CO h CM CM CM 05 i-H 00 *-h -rf -rf CM CO ^ CM 05 05 0C CO *0 CM CM rH NCONrH Population (Federal census, 1930) 06, 620, 563 590, 666 149, 856 382, 878 4, 149, 627 518, 882 1, 205, 779 123, 146 486, 869 626, 673 129, 507 5, 638, 188 1, 803, 484 979, 292 729, 834 793, 307 514, 610 332, 183 804, 874 3, 831, 426 3, 318, 904 1, 254, 272 338, 850 1,859, 119 181, 036 State - Continental United States Alabama _ ... Arizona _ Arkansas _ .. . .. . . California _ _ _ _ Colorado _ ... Connecticut _ _ _ Delaware _ _ District of Columbia . . Georgia. _ _ _ Idaho. _ _ ... ... Illinois _ . Indiana _ _ Iowa _ _ _ _ _ Kansas _ _ _ _ Kentucky _ _ _ Louisiana. . . Maine _ _ Maryland.. _ ... Massachusetts _ . . Michigan . . . Minnesota _ . Mississippi _ _ _ ... Missouri. _ . ... Montana _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 41 if slllg §1^1 illSl gg8l§ 8 SSgffS gS§S2 522§§ §5 2 sa^gS £££§£ 2S 2 mu iga§§ gusg gsiis is 8 v2|ri| |do'S2 §‘8828 §jf8®‘S3 gS I iilll I8SS1 ilsis ssigii 11 S -2|^| SS2§3 §8823 $ftf»‘£gf 32 lO • ^ 2 ! 26 25 1 2 15 20 9 £L Z 2 -s S 8 iggss S£ 991 99 .4?.... 00 239 3 83 i 2^ 2^2 g® 8o5 § 1 S!3I§ Hills IsisS S2III 18 of -TtC » *r 2Vn‘ oo'eoef tjT eo^T cotjT 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Continental United States. _ 170 2, 136 121, 559 412 18, 617 1, 016, 435 135 3, 661 106, 270 Alabama _ ... 1 1 22 6 122 2,749 3 96 2,298 Arkansas. .. . .. - 2 4 650 1 29 991 1 17 158 California- ... - - - 17 226 18, 044 46 2, 166 253, 896 2 31 895 Colorado ... .. . 1 56 11,806 3 72 2,032 2 51 2,084 Connecticut . _ 1 1 109 29 558 20, 527 1 39 945 Delaware _ --- 1 29 825 1 44 2, 010 1 25 742 1 246 15,605 1 224 9,079 Georgia _ - - 2 27 2,205 2 122 6,759 1 5 124 Illinois _ . . - - 2 48 4, 181 7 594 33, 053 3 40 632 Indiana - - - 3 69 2,797 10 197 9,483 4 214 9,118 Iowa.. _ _ _ -- 9 15 481 13 146 9, 328 5 120 2,635 Kansas 10 195 5,753 1 5 198 Kentucky . _ _ _ 1 18 557 1 5 105 Louisiana 1 14 691 1 142 8,535 Maine 5 71 2,218 Maryland - 1 2 320 1 369 14, 698 1 35 5, 853 Massachusetts. . 17 141 3, 699 48 1,402 43, 051 7 114 2, 725 Michigan - 10 112 5, 513 17 1, 223 48, 089 4 561 18, 503 Minnesota . . . _ . 14 212 8,466 5 72 1, 871 Mississippi _ — - 1 5 61 1 11 180 2 33 629 Missouri. .. . - 4 12 434 5 553 25, 222 3 27 449 Montana 1 (0 231 Nebraska 1 2 94 3 134 15, 447 TTampshirp 1 4 80 5 56 1,219 New Jersey _ . --- 12 41 2,411 22 665 24, 138 9 116 2,978 New Mexico 1 14 544 1 7 200 New York _ . 32 302 26, 286 52 3, 927 203, 043 16 396 8, 015 North Carolina 1 21 278 1 9 421 Ohio. _ .. . - - 10 25 2, 210 16 772 50, 595 15 304 8,846 Oklahoma 2 5 512 1 82 2, 164 Oregon 1 84 5,641 1 32 995 Pennsylvania _ ... . 1 21 499 28 1, 735 73, 295 18 531 13, 413 Phodp Island 7 152 6,065 South Carolina 2 26 381 South Dakota 1 7 45 Tennessee 2 80 2,633 Texas ----- - _ 5 24 254 6 261 10, 001 6 151 3,902 Utah _ 3 5 134 4 126 7, 402 4 50 1, 328 Vermont 1 7 146 Virginia. - - - 3 27 837 5 198 7,529 6 118 2, 856 Washington..- . _ _ 4 21 1, 172 7 200 26, 532 4 64 1,852 Wisconsin. 21 792 29, 313 24 1,602 69, 741 4 86 2,906 Wyoming - 2 49 1, 318 2 15 279 1 Normal school provides staff. Table 4. — Combined summary of receipts and balances in cities of 2,500 population and more, 1937-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 43 Total re¬ ceipts and balances 2 I § 6, 108, 212 3,971,016 4, 740, 067 149, 579, 935 12, 704, 739 26, 659, 874 2,041,559 13, 957,411 7, 771, 467 5, 516, 876 159, 945, 705 42, 912, 308 26, 164, 577 17, 973, 325 10, 238, 419 6, 034, 832 4, 219, 325 13, 049, 218 75, 926, 154 83, 866, 505 35, 310, 767 3, 622, 883 44, 460, 672 5, 504, 049 9, 348, 438 Cash bal¬ ance from previous school year N u 1 1 101, 494 549, 304 251,289 25, 440, 200 1,443, 989 39, 006 21,502 - yoo, ooo 99, 836 884, 206 22,071,738 7, 287, 230 5,751,566 4, 146, 548 522, 109 344, 480 44. 397 1,902, 970 10, 107, 471 2, 986, 645 198, 326 10,911,042 1, 162,296 709, 672 Nonrevenue receipts III 3 s 3 £ 52, 895 541 146, 929 153, 024 38, 136 ?, 165 302 164, 268 170, 546 1,176, 002 319, 468 554, 200 57, 449 122, 419 5, 254 5. 996 44, 442 178, 195 281,868 21,374 1, 934, 691 3,075 143,036 Sales of Hit o I t u. 19, 544 1,540 923 774, 661 11,350 11,318 362 iss mu ssiis sms :g*-" s" Loans and bond sales as s 3 i 334, 781 70, 802 1,095, 165 82, 924 435, 900 432,737 942, 489 2, 898, 003 2, 441,986 1, 277, 141 1,534, 463 189, 184 42, 000 47, 000 285, 000 202, 221 2, 324, 396 1,726,788 139, 729 1,879,207 507, 528 258, 147 Revenue receipts From all other sources 00 § a i si§sl lilsl gins 1SSS1 iSISss sssss gg|gg ifSSgl gSggg 1, 075, 555 392, 028 2, 385, 964 109, 748 6, 176 15, 390, 313 242, 220 80, 008 24, 596, 496 1,046, 676 35, 277 338, 147 3, 560, 623 108, 184 75, 400 153, 574 150, 043 1, 039, 553 Revenue receipts all other sources OD SglsS Hiss IssSS lilll SI g8|g§ SS Other school dis¬ tricts for tuition 1,724 116, 543 3, 799, 651 1,739 1,295, 543 10, 915 4. 250 356, 754 73, 270 429, 983 3, 604, 701 184, 730 37, 848 141, 149 41,555 482, 433 2,256 98, 213 107, 667 171, 327 1, 387, 484 33, 615 1 S Taxation for debt service MV, uou 12,016,295 245,250 32,709,934 1, 335, 470 180, 237 14, 789, 328 3, 387, 683 1,284, 994 5, 119, 256 638, 615 495, 267 257, 203 38, 379 5, 260, 756 445, 462 16, 289 67, 433 544, 581 901, 801 107, 982 1 . property taxes and city appro¬ priations 134, 339 3, 347, 903 52, 495, 653 431, 133 173, 882, 918 1, 353, 063 1, 277, 673 40, 754, 685 7, 586, 846 5, 022, 507 94, 385, 024 9, 029, 318 2, 017, 238 1,806, 384 4, 274, 351 17, 178, 570 2, 145, 585 1, 408, 337 6, 643, 258 5, 693, 330 23, 940, 962 1, 107, 902 county 316, 637 769 602, 933 646, 416 1, 277, 505 1, 452, 313 76,581 533, 921 136, 531 2, 039, 462 580, 600 222, 833 171, 350 2, 969, 073 215, 541 29, 219 256, 442 1,367, 695 1.489, 938 155, 649 From the State (in¬ cluding Federal aid received through the State) - 189, 700 7, 632 13, 440, 371 900, 211 88, 062, 559 5, 123, 227 222, 028 26, 224, 367 3, 662, 094 165, 876 17, 093, 385 483, 121 1.961,858 355, 183 1, 532, 109 14, 475, 416 1, 547, 908 41,661 1, 473, 204 7, 593, 801 3, 284, 926 364, 946 Amount received direct from Federal sources 600 4, 602 115, 565 55, 120 553, 857 22, 800 20, 703 938, 894 21. 980 8. 963 5, 195, 173 1,816 73, 966 1,636 297, 615 149, 909 133, 612 ' 64, 233 77, 581 259, 185 20, 366 State - Nevada _ _ _ iNcw nampsmre _ _ New Jersey _ _ New Mexico. _ New York . . . North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ _ _ Oklahoma _ _ _ Oregon _ _ Pennsylvania _ _ Rhode Island . . . . South Carolina _ South Dakota _ .. Tennessee. _ _ Texas.. . . . . Utah _ _ _ _ _ Vermont... . . . . . Virginia . . . Washington _ _ _ Wisconsin . . . . i D >i Table 5. — Combined summary of current expenses in cities of 2,500 population and more , 1937-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 45 Total current expenses for day, night, and sum- •« © r* i© 4, 660, 685 3, 006, 202 3, 406, 061 95, 599, 545 9, 359, 886 20, 397, 017 1, 968, 517 10, 739, 818 6, 360, 368 2, 815, 043 76, 925, 403 26, 266, 326 15,209, 464 10, 771, 517 8, 535, 102 4, 777, 053 3, 714, 215 10, 161, 772 64, 868, 224 59, 689, 989 23, 715, 519 2, 891,163 25, 371,830 3, 026, 134 6, 739, 296 Summer schools Ex¬ penses 3 »© o e© r* r* 13, 419 1,392 9,306 9, 721 6, 689 3, 114 33, 585 535 5,984 58, 690 15, 753 1, 105 525 22, 970 9, 131 204, 442 14, 784 4, 667 19. 555 : i i ; : i City school If* e© ft -H Oi O Ttio CO *0 05 CO CO CM i N lO N to i 05 CM CO CM iO h CO CO H CM 'OWN to '‘OHO CM ! r-T CM CO 1 to rH School bonds outstanding at close of school year (thousands of dollars) as w a© o 8 O W 12, 761 4, 026 11,419 154, 778 13, 149 30, 462 288 7, 366 4,602 68, 937 32, 895 23, 948 16, 404 4, 868 6, 970 4, 199 23, 114 39, 887 131, 854 41, 193 3,643 40, 492 3, 588 17, 688 Grand total expenditures a© as CO 8 8 5, 942, 770 3, 970, 165 4, 504, 276 127, 375, 430 11, 842, 150 27, 896, 999 2, 028, 917 12, 351, 491 7, 910, 471 4, 164, 215 123, 901, 318 33, 458, 525 19, 234, 915 14, 775, 500 10, 236, 902 5, 415, 923 4, 457, 364 12, 622, 337 74, 630, 465 75, 629, 440 31, 537, 693 3, 560, 916 31, 998, 385 4, 614, 328 8, 562, 816 Capital outlay Amount $126,519,711 176, 016 279, 394 220, 425 15, 284, 498 971, 314 1, 703, 264 37, 310 1, 611, 673 560, 192 755, 638 11, 581, 381 2, 958, 511 1, 363, 936 1, 815, 326 1, 013, 735 19, 430 353, 085 85, 036 2, 556, 848 4, 468, 061 1, 588, 707 205, 308 2, 782, 014 880, 388 289, 431 Number of city systems reporting © US eo N CM CO OO U- U- to 1— l 00 rH CO to 05 O 00 CO 00 H CO CO COtHCMCOCM CM CM CM ^OO^COTJI 1-1 05© C'- CM CO t-H CO Debt service (paid from current funds) All other expenses Amount to $160,341,395 488, 943 456, 194 330, 850 8, 964, 446 923, 082 4, 008, 353 5, 027 680, 986 414, 781 29, 517, 630 2, 775, 061 1, 629, 137 1, 525, 879 444, 651 279, 522 217, 253 1, 375, 621 5, 617, 674 5, 721, 056 4, 533, 361 277, 742 2, 082, 967 539, 674 784, 122 Number of city systems reporting CO eo NHHCON CM CM T-H CO CO CM CM CM i-H ONHCOO COtOHNCO COhO^^ CM CM CM (X) CO ^ t-h 00© tO CM H H Interest Amount eo $90, 233, 541 617, 126 228, 375 546, 940 7, 526, 941 587, 868 1, 788, 365 18, 063 308, 925 178, 753 5, 876, 904 1, 458, 627 1, 032, 378 662, 778 243, 414 339, 918 172, 811 999, 908 1, 587, 719 5, 750, 334 1, 700, 106 186, 703 1, 761, 574 168, 132 749, 967 Number of city systems reporting r* us N 00 CO CO 05 to COrHTfCOCM CM ^ i-H 00 CM 00 00 ^OHOOCO 00 CM © © to CM CM to©t>-to*^ i— < 05© to CM © i-H CM State Continental United States.. . . Alabama _ _ _ Arizona _ _ _ Arkansas _ . _ .. . . - - California _ _ _ _ Colorado _ ... . Connecticut . . . Delaware _ ... - - Pnlnmhia Georgia _ _ _ _ _ Idaho _ _ _ _ Illinois . . . . . . . Indiana _ _ _ _ _ _ Iowa . . . . . . . . - Kansas . . . . . . . Kentucky - - - . . .. - Louisiana. .. . . . . Maine _ _ ... _ . - . Maryland _ Massachusetts. .. ... . . . . . Michigan - - - Minnesota - - - Mississippi . . . . . --- Missouri _ _ _ _ _ _ -- - -- Montana . . . - - - . Nebraska . . . . Table 6. — Combined summary of debt service, capital outlay, total expenditures, bonded indebtedness, and value of school properties in cities of 2,500 population and more, 1937—38 — Continued 48 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1 93 6-38 Value of school prop¬ erty (thou- sands oi doi lars) 2,493 14, 708 289, 918 7, 184 894. 902 46, 680 8,610 326, 162 57, 216 36. 046 492, 817 40, 631 20, 722 12, 619 33. 545 147, 934 17,048 6. 249 32, 981 58. 471 120, 779 6,662 Amount in sinking funds at close of school year (thousands of dollars) © !S«S §££§! sSiSI I00"!! 3S I-* ~ 00 V CO School bonds outstanding at close of school year (thousands of dollars) ilififi S§sii g»gg! gain gg s*-'** S'* Grand total expenditures QO $757, 220 3, 777, 882 86, 724, 616 2, 932, 138 321, 898, 308 9, 855, 163 1,889, 197 100, 537, 860 15, 238, 415 9, 665, 066 161, 992, 829 13, 544, 656 5, 863, 216 3, 079, 985 9, 195, 078 41, 478, 704 4, 659, 593 1, 787, 355 9, 603, 041 18, 735. 446 33, 547, 998 2, 280, 217 Capital outlay Amount $64, 381 91, 686 2, 764, 173 708, 614 29, 534, 890 1, 069, 688 49, 048 3, 694, 617 765, 712 300, 191 22, 367, 212 1,734,308 699, 698 283, 448 788, 374 3, 293, 272 609, 567 7, 189 555, 440 729, 026 2. 536, 868 311, 388 Number of city systems reporting 5© L°° Debt service (paid from current funds) All other expenses Amount - $414, 607 6, 870, 478 214, 723 23, 185, 661 599, 630 209, 730 19, 480, 327 1, 507, 524 1, 247, 364 22, 763, 210 971,274 478, 774 418, 745 466, 500 3, 131, 520 307, 952 222, 950 151,999 1, 592, 123 2, 314, 545 197, 747 Number of city systems reporting 233S? gSSS00 g® 1. Amount e* $129, 068 7, 137, 498 120, 022 20, 579, 081 833, 173 94, 364 6, 755, 893 1,058, 870 487, 206 9,411,917 1, 172,098 483, 476 189, 447 593, 890 3, 581,607 225, 467 55, 478 919, 716 740, 106 1, 043, 320 129, 215 5 Number of city systems reporting w SfeSS 82888 £2822 8°° State - Nevada New Hampshire _ New Jersey _ _ _ New Mexico _ _ ... _ New York _ North Carolina _ _ .. ... .. North Dakota _ _ _ Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon . . . . . . . . Pennsylvania _ . _ _ _ Rhode Island . . . . . . . South Carolina . . . . . _ South Dakota _ _ _ _ _ Tennessee Texas... _ _ _ _ _ _ Utah _ _ _ Vermont _ _ _ _ Virginia _ _ _ Washington _ . . _ Wisconsin Wyoming _ _ _ Table 7. — Summary of schools, buildings, personnel, and attendance data in cities of 2,500 to 9,999 population, 1937-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 49 I s £ Average daily attend¬ ance 2 CO 05 ce w !§§!£ lIBii slSSS S8B5S §1111 SSSSSS S8332 Ssfstffe’ 2§rf®§ Average length of school term (days) W 05 £££££ Enrollment Girls w co © c* mu S 3§!ll SsIIr Si|g§ SSHs SPSS'S 'fN"8‘S‘3 8SSSS S'S'gSSS Boys CO so c* ISssl SiSSI sS5§l g£S3s S5SS53‘2 SSfSSS *£'*'*£ Teachers Women o CO slilg SSS1I bSSSs 1115i |gsgs — eo H eo ~ eo Men 05 17,107 SSI1§ s-lgg sslga agg5R gssss Number of— Princi¬ pals QO g 21 38 48 111 38 7 3 11 38 81 125 46 107 90 18 77 102 88 41 130 1 36 2 3 116 Super¬ visors Superin¬ tendents 5© 1 -T l""S5S 8838S S288S 22^*3 School buildings 8,016 sssssg lassg ligRi ssssg Schools _ . 5 «T Sg|=s 8=sgg msg I3|g| sssss City school systems e* 1,944 *""333 3838S 32888 SS^g Popula¬ tion (Federal census, 1930) N a 05 ISsSS IS3I5 »llSi g|g»§ lliSI |-SS|S SSKSg gg’gSS gSSSg liSSSig State Continental United States. . Alabama _ _ _ .. Arizona. . . . Arkansas... . . . . California . . Colorado _ _ _ _ _ Connecticut.. . . Delaware _ _ _ . Georgia . . . Idaho . . . . . Illinois Indiana.. . . . . Iowa _ _ Kansas _ _ _ Kentucky _ _ _ Maine _ _ _ Massachusetts . . . . Michigan . . . . Minnesota . . . . . Mississippi.. . . . . Missouri.. . . Montana . . . . Nebraska _ _ Nevada _ _ _ New Hampshire _ _ _ New Jersey . . Table 7. — Summary of schools , buildings , personnel, and attendance data in cities of 2,500 to 9,999 population, 1937-38 — Continued 50 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Full-Time Day Schools Average daily attend¬ ance 3 16, 283 133, 649 63, 069 8,209 127, 046 67, 614 24, 527 264, 513 5, 880 47, 052 9, 362 32, 989 148, 493 4, 265 10, 225 14, 424 27, 818 54, 891 9, 135 Average length of school term (days) S3 gsggg gggssg §££££ Enrollment Girls mu gg=n 1b§§§ isii no Cft eg of 10 oojoow Boys a 10, 172 78, 277 35, 762 4, 535 68, 976 38, 628 14, 644 146, 909 3, 305 27, 011 5, 130 19, 555 89, 933 2, 336 5, 892 8,506 16, 679 29, 904 5, 328 Teachers Women o sills sllSl IIS”! Ills CO rH t-T r-T V ~ Men c* SS1S| Sll«l sg|»s «SSS rn r-r ‘S g SS is !”I^i 1 IS ~ ig 2°§ 5 111 i§ 2 igf rf2faf * Sglls CO gf pf NO® I I IIS ia I : *si § isl I III :f| E 2S8 lllls gill? R|s?| isrs sgggl 1111 sss's’s sss'sf III! SSSSS r'"'s sll S iisi sag 8' S‘S38 Sills III I silgI Sis is mu ssgas III SSS Hill SSSSE mu mm _r r4VT.O §i§n mi lISSs §111 ssllg III IIS”S ®il IIS ESS iiiis ism gills f-'i§i Sills slsl ||§S^ ills' mis sis S'gSiSg 5“'| I ;l§ .' <3> pf 3 III * II5SI Ss|I| 1 1 is 1 ,B| Z'Z'Z'ZO OQCuSSw mS^!3> >£ Table 10. — Summary of current expenses in cities of 2,500 to 9,999 population, 1 93 7-, 54 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 Total current expenses for day, night, and summer schools uS us eo as US 3 N CD 995, 967 1, 614, 755 1, 345. 542 10, 310, 916 1, 802, 865 642, 499 357, 669 1, 348, 261 2, 055, 096 8, 441,092 4, 389, 050 4, 267, 851 2, 846, 617 2, 077, 330 1, 046, 069 5, 447, 986 7, 089. 367 6, 334, 500 1, 048, 541 3, 607, 286 806, 551 1, 742, 768 391,651 511, 163 12, 181, 748 Summer schools Ex¬ penses " w o O 00 j! i l i i i i i i i N !§ ! ; ! 1 j !eo City school systems report¬ ing a GO ; ; i1-* i i i ' < Night schools and Americani¬ zation classes Ex¬ penses - at eo US at CO § — 2,240 is i§ i 1, 576 581 1,728 4, 782 1 I is i i*0" City school systems report¬ ing s us CO ' CO ! ! rH ! CO ! h OHH( 00 O0 CO xo CO .3 § ®_tc 2 «j 3 w-g rt ai 3^66 opo25 22^2 ££££2; few Jersey. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 57 liSSI Issis s33gg §§gg eogTefeioo ^aocioo cCio^h co eot^goeo Illsl SlelS Sllll -■? 8 '“■'•‘8 " s 0055 CO .neovr ISsil ill!! 11181 fill 11811 31111 ilgs'f SgSS JO ^NCO Of ~ «‘«9 SSSii Hiss llsls Slsl isg-=i sir* “§s‘““ s‘iis‘ •s—s ss§"a i(NM 00 2°g! gagsg £1111 HISS ilaS s'F! 818*8 §-i-l s"£g« *8e,*-8 |gis§ slgis ilsll ills Sgdfeg |8“|S| SSSgSS 88§“8 °°3§' '88' s 2, .. mu iiii= liiil .^!||* ££££0 00(^P3m c»E-> 238687°— 41 - 5 Table 12. — Summary of salaries and wages paid in full-time day schools , city school systems , 1937-38 GROUP I. - CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION AND MORE 58 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Coordi- LI Cl PC activities and C/3 - 2 « 3 P < ® 3 be 3 <3 Operation of school plant (wages of engineers, janitors, etc.) ”Sls w ICN-00O5CO CO CM CO CD OO CM g < GO »0 CO < hVccV rt<" 00 CM ^ oc HOINHM cm of ^ rH 111 Sssll 13113 Is 1S1 llsll ISI’el II oT co i-T of cm' cmcocoooco gj rH cm" o rj ^^co’ o co'^jT rH r- O CM CO CO »-H *o 00 o oirToaTcM oo^ O CO 05 >C 1C CC CM OHOOOO co o . j> r- 05 oo co n o c* . i-H CM CO CM y—* O CO CO 00 CO I HHOOO CO CO ^ O) N CM CM t-h 05 CO CO C sisi mil issii ii sw iiw ism 00 O CO O CM CM I -- r-H CO lc Qt^OcO OOONNO ^H^CMIO OCNlOrH 05 i— 1 05 N- SsSli II3SS 113=1 ilili Ss illll lilsi flsll l¥ ® c3 S* • O j j i i N i i O i 1 Tf 1 1 iO 1 i il i il i is i j i i cd i o ® , & m Q 1/3 ®.S^ M #§*§ H 1C CO 05 00 CO CM O ^ CO £> *0 S3 ® g o & o a, ‘C w ® cs 6 * SS 1 05 i T* I 1 CM 1 O 1 icO ' O i i i O i ^ iii 1 l O 1 rH III l i O 1 05 III i i il i iS ill iii; ih id i 1 CO 1 T-t I i i i— T 1 00 iii i i iO iN i i i ' i i s i ;g? i-Sf ; i i I i i“ i iii ISi ? 2 IS Sills Is rfff gg-sf s?5ff CM Tf CO 05 05 H 00 O H h TtS ; 1 ; ; *0 1 f n SSSsI i ISII alsli SI sfa's'“' s' :s's's" s'as'gg “s' IS S8SSI nils §Sls s'" Ii'ks'”' gs^'s' aa'“'s i i 5 fllla Sllll SlilSIl - ""'s's 3-'sss »'»"§'§' »'s si isiig sisif mm g^N- got^coef eooot^'o^' odoococT i 2 i 1 S llssl Hiss Islsl Is "'sags §"''g's'3 sas'gg ss‘ a» o il slsli lllla IIIS as ga'as'a “sag § Os’S ^ 03 ® ® « o c£3 ©xj OCiq53 Zttoo Pntf il |s S« £>< ** **£| dill ill fill Detailed Statistics for Individual Cities 60 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 S z 1 3 o £ H I I I s I X o CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 61 : : : i I 00 ill :gs inn 2111 is i 7, 953 15,591 i III ill ill iis ill i i i i i i i i i nwh : ~ | ; £co%* !««- jctfco ItHUS !«o«r j | j j j ! ■ j ! ' 1 ; c co 1 1 °* IS NCO §1 i-H «5 §S§8£g S3 fcS S 53 8 SS£8KK8£s3& «®oo SSK S3§ S SgSBgggSS Issii 1 18 i sssss £ ss“ £ i i sigiiisgg £ § £££££££££ m sis £££ £££ §1 g iiliil ££ £ ££££££ SS8§i § 11 1 £££££ s ££ £ I 1 s££8g!lll £ £ ^££££££££ SSI Sis £££ £££ 11 I IIS1§1 ££ £ ££££££ l§g|8 1 SI 1 oo®onoo jo jhjh i § slsIIssSi 8 S gi-‘>''“i''««2's‘ ill 113 333 rf£s is S SII3SS i55 £ S’0°£e8S"’aJ’ §3111 g ss § ooo>ow® JO e|W gT ! I 58§S11§S1 g g jHoo'od'otCoo'cxT^Jo NON hS? Ill $3* SSS s! 1 llffisls gss a g”sfg‘ss > !>• 1C 00 S 2 USsI I 1 3 6 s SIHIISkI lag IS1 11 I S3S r-T i-T ci" oo to ei -~T ,-T 1 irtCj ! ; eo ; Hrt ; cog j ~co ® 1 1 1 1 1 till 1 1 Boys gs i is i ; isi 1 ii i 1 si i m isi s rjT co 1 1 co 1 1 1 r-T th 1 1 eo ! ! ,-T 1 eo cs ! i-T co c o" II 1 T— « 1 1 II 1 1C I ^ Public Day Schools Aver¬ age length of school year (days) 2^22222 ££ £ 8&!§S 3 Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance - lllslig 11 1 Sligs 1 SSSSt’gSgSSi 88 S S'gSfSSf K Enrollment Total 2 16, 891 92, 333 1,105,436 50. 844 37, 032 17, 013 25, 882 52, 930 20, 751 65, 970 147, 697 46, 901 35, 237 44, 886 31, 675 45, 150 32, 687 51, 230 20, 073 294, 259 111,075 18, 410 25, 195 41, 646 Girls 2 SI3IS1S !§§§§§§! §§ 1 I ggSTctfStfS tfS £ <*$*'*$ S Boys Isiislg SS^SSls! §3 E §§SI3 s Other instruc¬ tional a 17 42 29 21 38 5 26 5 5 5 Number of — Teachers Women IkIIIIS ssSSlsls SI a SISSS s ct t-T I-T i-T H HCOH H ,-T 1— T CD CS IH Men 1 * 73 592 6, 662 457 181 72 114 233 120 380 817 297 233 221 217 212 155 202 117 1,643 664 129 103 278 Princi¬ pals Super¬ visors CO Superin¬ tendents and assist¬ ant superin¬ tendents its i il i lisls i il i i i 1 ! !,_r ! HpH .-Too i ;nr ! 1 £££££ g 233 § i § 1 : il i <=■* r-r ! Tt< 1 j j j 3 s i 11 i 2 llgl isisS I si III S 32SS 32SfeS 8" 8S S££ s S Is IS SlglSiiislgll «5 o»o» «o« U3 N onVoT « o »V «Vo iSSs IlSli I II l!a 1 SSS'38 SSSS'S 8 3S g'SS 8 1 IS 13 r . ' llllilsgllsls coodeojocouog^'iot^'i^'coorc'f 12, 529 11,067 23, 040 15, 636 26, 699 12, 091 15, 334 35, 500 21,927 16, 172 12, 375 17,227 30, 974 9, 827 9, 859 44, 866 §653 ISI1I § 11 III § 2 = 83 6=388 S 22 HOO 3 2 | j j 883 i 50 Oi t>- is S 669 534 961 628 1,233 558 834 1,663 1, 150 767 648 924 1,470 492 480 1, 883 £§828 8*888 1 68 117 384 155 111 s 41 31 60 52 33338 3 83 838 2 CO oa 00 00 11 4 11 12 8 °°a S'0*0 3 *“H H i"H T"i (N(N^(NW CO CM CM 10 rH CM iO 33SS S8282S 3 S3 S33 | 33$S $Sg§g £ S3 £33 So I IS il g32iS3SS£glS3 CO CO.O COCO WrfTc01>:od» i i i O r— 1 1 1 1 1 00 05 1 00 1 i 1 i I i i i rH 1 1 r-H 05 1 1 1 l Tt* rH 1 l-'- 1 1 II llil»ii l - 1 III*. 1 .. 1 i ii iiii rH i i r-H i 1 1 i r-H I rH 1 l ll llii ll l 1 III 1 1 Public Day Schools jij»M 5 1 S§ 2 2 22 £2222222 !« ance 6, 144 4, 081 5,609 5, 438 5, 211 12, 238 6, 113 3, 864 10, 319 14, 455 9, 176 6, 245 4,502 2, 511 1,824 2, 541 4, 540 4, 875 6, 905 10, 000 12, 830 5, 270 1 Total e* 1 IS IsIIIe! § 1 IS SISISSSI CD 10 CO CO CD- >D ecT ft CO rH- tC »OCO NN«3«»HJOIO Girls s § SS s||ggsa s 1 Ss 115§|S18 CO- of CO CO CO CO CS 10 tf 10- CO- ciH HHNNM'oVcf Boys - i %% $ § gs isigasgg CO- esTco- CO CO* tC CO- (NO 00* « CO- CiH rH-rH- P 2 28 3238883 2 2 2°° ^®222f382 Schools ” 8 22 888838S 8 2 22 *-3332383 Popula¬ tion fEWloral ifi 33, 237 } 50,096 33, 112 38, 481 68, 128 36, 019 32,438 56,765 99,902 43,131 30,151 } 46,589 } 47,027 30, 930 66, 602 36, 765 57, 510 78, 184 35, 929 City - Colorado : Colorado Springs- - _ _ .. Pueblo: District No. 1 _ District No. 20 _ Connecticut: Greenwich - Meriden _ New Britain _ _ _ Norwalk _ _ _ Norwich _ Stamford _ _ _ Waterbury _ _ _ _ Georgia: Columbus _ _ Illinois: Alton _ Aurora: East side . . __ West side _ Berwyn: District No. 98 _ District No. 100 _ Bloomington _ _ Cicero _ Danville . . __ . Decatur _ East St. Louis . . . Elgin _ _ __ _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 65 724 331 994 677 689 lies 262 358 238 576 168 139 260 621 £818 i 1 co . : ss ; iil! m " j V V V 1 «o” of ! i i i i 1 ! r 1 " -r" v V" of co” 818 330 687 752 275 ill 259 339 222 627 180 138 257 495 isiS i i s i ill! ISSIlSsssS I 1 ! V r-T : : : ! V V V j «o of i : : - - v V- of co” «8gS £ *222282 22222222 22222 22 2 222 22 2222222222 Vofio” co iisS^se ^■ujiONWHeo 2l!2llgg rf oT us of to oo »o” oo SkrII ofoo”ao”W” IS I mV V sis si ttfcoVT «V i§illsli2§ ttToTuso'iLrf'oo-V'®-®'©* g§g| rfcfco” V ■oWVoW llsSssIS ao”o”co” TuVotod Is llss§ll§gl aaoVV" V >o to 0000 V co co 111 i of V co" of ISsSSIl of of co tC coco of sllligil ■V irfeo t-f eo »ef co” to iSSls W'ufofoo 8S g of of CO SSI 15 Wof 1-f CO SHISIIlsI MufcOMCoVcfMM^ §§a§li2lllS SisgSSSs slls§ 22 1 ill II 11S1SISSS1 3=“3 3 SSSSSSSg'' SRSSSSSS 88882 38 8 838 S3 SSSSK88SS8S CO^Hj-H 00 ooco^cocoooo go®;*o>g jh >ocq«o 0,0, coo. 00 “52®2®2rt 00CO-ct< -cjl lO -C* ^ CO | •^<0'<1<--H0000»00. 0. 0. »C ■<}< 00 IH © NlOO) |CO CO INICIOCOCO^IH^I I i“H i“H »-H *— I C C HHHHi °5“52 2 2338282 22223228 82828 22 8 228 83 282^828828 2°>8 2 8888388 88283888 S838S 82 g 888 8§ 2882828888 I llsIlSlIll SSSlisla §!£!» s § ISS SI Iglllllggl SV8‘SSS88S3S S'SSSSfS'SS SSSSfS S‘ S S'SS 38 gs'SstfsftfSWgS? See footnotes at end of table, p. 87. 66 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 67 123 1,225 I S il ; i !rH ! j | Ml M . CO O 1 t 1 i i oo go io i i i 1 1 1 ~ ». 1 1 1 i illsssllls rH‘ " I»c jao :s : : : : : '■*! ! i ; : i i i i iii i ii iii 00*0 j 1 i§ j i • '§ ' ' : |B i§§ i i i iSigSSiiig ! ' 00 1 i i iii •CO ' ' III _r ! j" j j i i is i i i i i : i j" i osT I ! ! ! ! 1 !!*!!! ^ N SSSSjSoSSSSgaajgg&gjSg «32222££°2«!‘5°2 §°°$°2 |SS Sig § 2 SS Sigl§i§ig3S&§3SSgg <000 «0 2 ®NeM»NM«®»510U3a®®0!»«5 SaSSSiSSSSSS u3^-«tCt>r^r«od^u5U3^r 8ISI sS§ iCco"©" ssl S I si ilsII§lSSlllglSi§§ tC^TfN eo co oo'-dT o^^c»orodort^i>cocd'co''T--rt-ric<©ot>r isilRssi^III cd'*o'co'ooooof>o'o*0* rit^co^^^^cococSm«3'n oi © 10 ,-c -oo 388 5 8 85 2asgs“322“>2322saa'c' S2H32SS88228 *223 288 888 5 S SS Sgs8S3&83S3SS8S8S83 SSSSSSSSSSS&S!; S88S 288 51§ I i IS SgBSigggsiSlilSsis giigSIslIsSl I il SIS SSfts SS 8 SS 8S88‘$SgS2SS8S'SSS8S S885S33SK8S8 K 88 SSS at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number of schools, buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP II. — CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION — continued 68 Enrollment in private and £ parochial 0 schools tzj tzl AL CO 5 5UR1 7EY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 i«D ii it it^ i© i i i iCO i i 1 N* i (NCOC1 i i i © i© ii ii i © 1 i i i i© i i i i © © © i i i© ico ii ii ih '© i i i ico i i i i © © i i i r>- 1 •. 1 1 1 1 1 1 llll Ills, 1 l ^ II II 1 H 1 llll II ICO I rH »— 1 ^ i i 1 Boys JO 1© II II 1 00 1 1 1 ' ' T* • 1 ICO © (N ' IH ICO II II ICO 1 N- 1 1 1 1© 1 1 ICO ' © Tj< T}< I 1 1© ICO 1 1 i i i© i© i i i ICO i ' i ^ © CO ' ' ' N- 1 •* 1 1 1 1 1 •» 1 llll III,, 1 » „ „ 1 1 1 1 ^ II II 1 1 1 llll II ICO l HHIO 1 1 1 1 II III 1 llll III 1 III 1 II III 1 llll III 1 III PUBLIC DAY SCHOOLS Aver¬ age length of school year (days) © ssss Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance Ilia i SI 11 Sill § is II a 6 IlSiSli oj't'Tao rjT oo‘ >o oo o>‘ « n io ic 10' m » o >o n e co io cT a? c© tC Enrollment S a co llSi SalilSslSiSSSII 1 lEISlis oooof>o ooco'odcRt^'tCcococo'^'orofcoooco co t^'coocLcdcooo Girls 9818 8§88§is§gSS118§ S ggliisi “5 t-T -ctT m rf eo co ef ei of esf -jT c© co t*<~ co ■<* aot-Trir coco coco Boys - §318 5S8SI8§Iiii8S88 S ISsIllS TficoH*ocococo'coc4'C'i'-» i i a iiiiiii i i i i i : >— h i i i 1 i . i i i i i iiiiii iii Boys s 1 1 1 1 CO OO 1 1 1 1 1 00 OOOOOM to co co ^ cc oo s^«5^ooooioeo Schools CO Wt-OOOJOOt-TPCROOCO N«NOO«a Popula¬ tion (Federal census, 1930) " ISliiSSlii isilslg S13381SS8S3 gfo«go^“jH«ogg' ocooooo ogNooVri^caM City - Alabama: Anniston _ _ _ _ _ Bessemer . . . Decatur... . . . Dothan _ Fairfield _ Florence _ ..... _ _ Huntsville _ .. . Selma _ Tuscaloosa _ Arkansas: Blytheville . . . El Dorado _ Hot Springs _ _ Jonesboro _ _ _ North Little Rock... . . Pine Bluff _ Texarkana California: Anaheim Bakersfield _ Beverly Hills _ Brawley _ Burbank... . . . . Burlingame Compton . . . Eureka _ _ _ Fullerton _ Inglewood.. . . . Modesto _ _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 71 i : £j ; j i ! 1 ! i i i i i • CO i [ eo ; j [ i ii ii i i i iO i i i i • Ci i i i j is i§ j | j i I I I I is I I i i i : i 1 j i ! III! EI8SlsSSlSSiiS§8 SSSs! SSSilissilSIllSS ISSiilai! NMN^HufN'-HrHrHNNcfeow'rt cm* of eo of cf co^eo^coc^Mcfcc^^^ c* 1C GO 05 sgsgskEKgggsssss 27 13 29 45 Og^CO 0 05^HN O* 0* »C l>- H00»5HNN ‘oooH«>“oraVHV -occfrH » oon-oVo^V® o® g ^“gw ^MSSSSSS'S' at end of table, p. 87, Table 13. — Number of schools , buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public day and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 72 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 36-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 73 § j $1 : : :2 i i ^ |3B :888S? : :S : :S : t-h i C* i .CO IlSg ;3&8 ?S1 8 if i j i i ! i i : : : : 1 1 j ! !Ss i 1 |3 |S8 SH§ i i§ § jsJi |285 2 40 174 277 301 i iii i iii j iii 122222s £§« sssisSs silling siiggii Sfesiiiiisiiiigsaiiigg an siiissi r-7 t-Too whh c7 hnhhh c^j co c^ »-h i— T 00 CD 00 00 O 2^22^2 CD 00 l> 00 »D 00 00 CO T-HtO^CDj-jOOt^ ^ t>. *o oo i> o oo oo ^ 2 oo »o oj 05 cd r*- 1>- c* i> *o o co oo ^ co r* co o *o © i> t>j »o 12 S S £320*2222 sSsIsISS s giiSS ISsllIISilslIglSIllSI SIS £ 151IS 2~22S222'2 2 322'3’>5h 2^2'2'2'2'2’'2'd'S2'2w'w’'cCSS22*'^2’ 2S8 S' SSS2i5 See footnotes at end of table, p. 87. BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 74 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS ! ! 1 1 l 1 i i : : IS §§ SI rJ Si 1 siisrEggseii Slip 303 673 1 j "1 : : | | is If 008 £48 ‘I t SI 1 i SgsalaSfslSISl pill 11 2 CO | "1 222 22222222 222222222222222222222222222222222 ill 3SS 88881881 igS§Si§iiiliSi§sSisS§§igslg§3gg«g ncot* eo'-Teo coV^Vhconh -T- - «T ~n n^T-T^n ec OOO^rtMNH100HMNHWHU5HHN^T|l|»1frt®OIOHN ^22 2 10 03 t't'220022222*'00205^22,c222t'22®0022^222,> °°22 S^S &8k22iSSS 2t'28002?322Q0t~t~5O5s522“52S20°2S0022S^222OJ 151 Isi 5SSI1131 IlgISIgsiSIsIlIllsSISllIlsgsIsslI 8‘g‘SI 328 2S82S‘S2S S3S‘SSS'2^S‘3S"gfS‘S2‘s32?l'S3g‘2S‘2SSS^f;S33 at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number of schools, buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public day and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 76 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Enrollment in private and parochial schools Girls S 1 ilggllSa"! ill ;!ls! i§ i i leg il >> O n s i iigiiiis-3 iii isiii ii i i iss is PUBLIC DAY SCHOOLS Aver¬ age length of school year (days) 3 glssUssSIS SISSsssssssSlsssIl Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance 3 ilfellssslsl sigaisEigflsIsgiii ^^(^r--r«eo“(N'^r l l 1 1 l t i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l i ■ i i i i i i i l i i i i i i l l l l 1 1 l 1 l 1 l i 1 1 1 1 1 i i l l i l i i i i i l l 1 l 1 1 i I I 1 l | i 1 l i i i i i i i i i i > i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i Number of — Teachers W omen Men GO Saa^SSSgSSg Princi¬ pals U3 O O* »0 CO Ol OO 00 00 - ^ OO OO *0 CO Oi Tt< 00 O* Schools oo 03 o» -h a. oj oi co eo oj rH j-h io w oo »o Popula¬ tion (Federal census, 1930) N llSHgiiSiS IllllsIlSIlllgISIl s' s' ss ~s Ss‘s S s' ss‘§sSSSss3333ssSss City - issachusetts— Continued. Stoneham _ ... Swampscott. _ _ Wakefield... Webster _ Wellesley _ Westfield _ . ... ... West Springfield _ _ Weymouth Winchester _ _ _ Winthrop . _ Woburn . . chigan : Adrian _ .. Alpena _ _ ._ Ann Arbor _ _ _ Benton Harbor. . . . Calumet _ _ _ E corse _ _ _ Escanaba _ Ferndale _ _ Crosse Pointe . . . . Holland _ _ _ Iron Mountain Ironwood _ _ _ Lincoln Park _ Marquette _ Menominee Monroe. . . .. Mount Clemens _ .. _ Muskegon Heights _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 77 88SS83 iS i is 3§S ssslsS il i II II I l l l l l I 1 lb 1 iTjt ICOWH II II II i 1 o i i CO 1 ^ 00 *0 i i i i i i i i i i rH i H 00 i i i i i < i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i ■ i i i i i i i i i i Hi! ill! I : 1 i ! ! " M:!!i 'ill! il!!!!! • i i i i i i i i i i i ■ i i i i i i i t i i i i i j l. : i •2SSSSSS S££S§8I§§8S ^^SSS s*3§3as! cieOMWMff^H SSslIssISls cicO(?qH«3SS|3 Nwwewci^N IsgllsliiSl MMNHCN^MNWOS lIlgffilllSKS nnmwcon^Vnnm IllliilliliS «M"eorhco'eo‘N^M'«5Tir gsiss rHlOlOOiCN smiils h-h"h««HNH ISlilllSSilS ^_r^r 0 U3 to U3 05 05 *< i>OM O®OH00N»«5 CO t'- 00 CD 00 O' 05 05 t" C5 t" 00 50 l~- >C t" 00 05 CO t- *0 r- 00 O 05 00 00 CO 00 05 CO t-OSTjJt-O SS^SSSSSSS ^«oo«^oooc2ooo5^ ^^coc^^^co t— 3^9 IlSisllS Isflgllillll llSISSisgsi Slslllsills I1S1S -sssssss s‘ss'as3ssssss‘ ssssfasssssf ssssassssss sssdf See footnotes at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number of schools, buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public day schools and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 78 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Enrollment in private and parochial schools Boys 1 Girls *ll§§ i 1 i il - - - - j h ; ■CO£ , Tf« 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 | I I 'MM i 05 i i i i i i i i i i i i»OW i rH i l i i i i i i i i i ' i i i l i i i i i i i i i I i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i t i i i i i i i i o sss&a 1 s i is • i i i i i i i i i i i i i cO *0 i CO 1 i i i i i i i i i i ' CO CO 1 05 i i i i i i i i i i i i »0 CS i rH i i i t i i i i i i i I i i i i i i i i i i i i 1 1 . . i i i i PUBLIC DAY SCHOOLS Aver¬ age length of school year (days) Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance sills! 3 ISis»gg§ IsllSslllsSS eftfeoefeTef eo o OCOHC1H(NW ! 1-H 111 1 Superin¬ tendents and assist¬ ant Build¬ ings OOOt^T-HO O CO 05 CO " 05 O Cv| 05 Hf (N tr 05 Popula¬ tion (Federal census, 1930) N SII1SI 1 sslsesll lllllggsligg O rH 00 JO O cl' 00 ® JHJ- O JO O CO JO CH TH o 05" CO City - Nebraska: Beatrice _ premont . . . . Grand Island-- _ Hastings Norfolk _ _ North Platte _ _ - Nevada: Reno _ _ _ New Hampshire: Berlin _ Claremont _ _ Concord _ _ _ _ . Dover _ XVCUlltt _ _ Laconia . . . . Portsmouth _ Rochester _ New Jersey: Asbury Park _ _ Belleville _ _ _ Bridgeton... _ _ Burlington _ _ _ . . Carteret _ Cliffside Park.. . . . . Collingswood _ Cranford _ _ _ _ .. . Dover _ _ _ _ Englewood _ _ _ Garfield _ _ _ Gloucester City. _ _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 79 ICO 0 1 jco 10 ; is! j ! ! ; ; | : || ! ! is! ill is 2 i 1 CO 1 las s i 22 ill 222222222221 222222222222222222 222 222 22222222222 ^£§§!!!§22i g§Sil8833§§31S33ig £|g gggggg£ggg§ t)T r-T co * CO ^ CO rfH T-l 1-H T^H CO CO CO ^ 1^ !>. !>. CO ^ »0 O 05 Hr^cO 00^t>- ^(NiOCONOCOcO^HCO •COOCOOGONCOCON S'2'S>2'SS'S'2'S’'Sff5 §22' S~2~o5 S' S22~2’S3‘S3'3 at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number of schools, buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public day schools and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 80 * BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Enrollment in private and parochial schools Girls 5 i i i 1 o 'CO i CJ CO i 05 '05*^ i N i 1 © i 1 1 1 ■© I© lOiOOJ ' ' *— < 1 O ^ 1 ca r 1 «M 1 i i i i ©^©^CvJ©©© O00l0®O'tw®0)0>O‘OINrHrHfflONrtairHW®i00)M ofo?,-?.-?,-? oTofi-Teoofof esHNrtHetrt'ei' i-Tt-Tr* of.-? Other instruc¬ tional staff o 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 l 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i l i l i i i l i l l i i Number of— Teachers Women 05 Men QO Sg^aSSSSSSSSfJSS&SgaSSSSSSSS^SS Princi¬ pals - Ot--«lN®INlO®fU-»XmOO'l'®NiO®r-INiONMMC<3ffliHffl>0 Super¬ visors - CO 1 ICO 1 ' ' CO OO CO CO C(NP3^Mrt'cOCO«. rH C* <£> t>. II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rf 1 1 T— 1 1 GO iiiiiiii 11 1 iiiiiiii 11 1 iiiiiiii 11 1 iiiiiiii II 1 IIIIIIII II 1 IIIIIIII II 1 IIIIIIII H j j ! CO C00C^05O'<*<00t>. t>.oo 2 0 2 2 05 *" 0 50 *" 00 50 2 o2 2 3 ^ 2 *0 00 t> 05 r-4 10 OJ aSslel llslIUSsglls 1ISI ssilSsSiligllsgll HSilli 2222~22~ HomN^HHHONTfOCCHC0C0C0C0^‘ONcDWCC)W00CDCDC05‘0 CO »C 00 CO 00 W CO « h oo »o o » iNiOOO^WiOpCO^NCOOOCOOlCOCO^JONCO^COWCOCOOCOOCO ^»OOOCOOOCONCON llsl I=SB£HilSglSillglgSSll3Kll§I§llssli gllSSIISsS afceV-fco afgfgf oVocf® of rfegof o' of of co ^ ^ S S3 S'S'SfS'SSd'of efS SS~S~P JnSofS 12 o5 S' of 52 22 jfcl llll *J4ii i !lijifi|dll|l|djs.^lS i.s!^|ilpgj§|s illillii! iiiiiii ill iissiii ii i|i!!Ilii!!!l5i |il| id I £d° iysliijsg at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number of schools , buildings , and instructional sta ff , enrollment , attendance , and length of term in all types of public day schools combined , and enrollment in private and parochial schools , 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 84 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 a cz.Sjs 52 o ^ o S o o p—4 Co C ^ 8-C w in: lias II SI II II Aver¬ age length of school year (days) isllisls siiSsssssslissilssis Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance 3 assigns lllllSSIgslISISSISSS r-T of -<* of eo of Ttf ntT co co of rH of co co coco^co^co of of co of of of of a slllllll IbISIIIsIISIsSIIIIII sssasassf saasassssssasssssass ssss |||||iSaIIlIIll!l|||||if ?$?$%%% OOOPHPHpHPnPHPHKceicGcGaicciGGEr'E-'c Is CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 85 72 40 310 289 129 i 8 1 766 167 ', ', 1 I CO 1 m MM 1 1 1 1 1 Tt< 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l l CO l 1 1 1 1 i i i i i • i ii i 1 1 1 *c 1 1 1 1 1 CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 M Mi i i i i i kO i i i i i l l i i i kO 1 i i i l i i i i i CO i i i i i lllllsl 22 2222 2222 2222222 g|22 22222222222 £111181 SI sill 1111 Sg§§ggg SSSSI Ssll 3983£83HSi ^Nco^rtofTjf c>fof ^h«o^h~th~ hionn- ujN'tCco'eocOrH eo-ON ^'Ncocsrcft^ro^(N0 cio co rtT cS of ©~ CO r-T CO esTeo llsslll SI Ills sill ISIslsl £1113 Sill IlSglllsilS eT^rH'cCrHrHpT rtr-T CO CO CO CO 00 ©COOOCOCOOO © rH NW00H ©jJ©© C000©>-<©©‘0 ©t'.COOOOO ®SJON ©00 05 00 05 © CO © 00© ©©©^ou,^ ©j-, ^eo®^ =»g3°>® 2008O523‘° 22®*"00 2°°SNNS22®®®® Islisll 11 ll§s sail isslSHl liSIs Isis sg|»ISlll§s sfc'a'sfSsfa' s*a sa's's sass asaasa's sssss jfsfsfs aass's sssss s at end of table, p. 87. Table 13. — Number oj schools, buildings, and instructional staff, enrollment, attendance, and length of term in all types of public day schools combined, and enrollment in private and parochial schools, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 86 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 3,491 I 180 l CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 87 i ; i ! ! !8 ! i SlSss iiSs |p i 8 jl ® | i I j ite i | Sills ills lip ; is 1 §22222222 sgssSIIISSIIIIlSii 22 §iS3igS§8 11 CO of of CO* of CO* of CO* >o" ThCO* IIss§s3!S IllssIslsssgSglil Is T(f of CO* CO* of CO* CO* CO* f'-* «Q of lO* of IO* lO t)T CO* of of of of i-f rt* TP* tJH* Tt<* »0* T*1* IslSsalll slslISllsIslSIsIS 11 of of of of of SSggglSli lgslsil§1115lilSI 11 of of of of of ! g$S2£2|8S?g SS SSSSSSSSS 35$;S88a8SSS!3;300SsS3g 88 Q5 CD ^ CD 00 !>• 00 GO NNNHHHHHN 00 ^ CO ilOHCOHTji lrHTt< i ' (N CO CO l III 1 III 1 III : : i i (N e* 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 OJHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH ^C0^CD»O05 05NH CNOO^J^^Hr-HOOCBOOCOCOOOCO^OiOOi 23 10 lOCDt^CDCOOJOOt^rH S2S^2S2^2‘022t'00SS2 26 13 Sg§gSli§3 glsiffiillRSIIllSgs 11 2 2 2~ 3 2 2 2 2 8 ss‘ss‘^sa‘2ss‘ss's'a'aa 2~£f I For Personnel: By Types of Schools 88 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 89 I I at end of table, p. 115. Table 14. — Number of schools , personnel , and attendance in kindergartens and elementary schools , city school systems , 1937-38 — Continued GROUP I. — CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION AND MORE — continued 90 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 36-38 Public Day Elementary Schools (Grades 1 to 8) Aver¬ age daily attend- ance 5 31,696 12, 538 34, 219 7, 272 25, 196 16, 838 25, 346 18, 234 15,033 15,341 19,893 29, 046 13, 322 Enroll¬ ment ZD 35, 134 14, 136 39, 830 8,489 27, 208 18, 144 30,666 20, 339 18, 095 19, 185 25, 086 35, 724 15, 826 Teach¬ ers and other in- struc- tional staff 1,021 407 1,177 212 884 543 848 489 573 361 519 961 443 Number of— Prin¬ cipals OHIO ^ 0* CO Tf 00 i i— i ^ o© r © N - rH 40 CM CO f s CM iO 05 Tt< Public Day Elementary Schools (Grades 1 to 6) in Systems Having Junior High Schools Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance a co 40 co 0 40 40 0 co co 05 0 40 ^ co cm co 0 CM ^NCOrHNCOCO(NrtHH40 I- rfH CO 40 N r^oo 40oco^cocohiococon oo ^ 10 *-h CO CO r}T cm" TjT TjT TfT l>r co cm" CO tJ? CM" CO tjT 10 6, 327 05 05 t» Enroll¬ ment 0 CO 00 CO CO 00 CO CM CM 40 ^ rH 05 OO CO O CM COO lOrHHNCMcO-^NNOM t^CM 00540 40 CM O H O T}< tH H 05 CM rt< -«t Tf Tf H 40 CM CO tjT 40 co' 40* 40 »o i>T 10 rC cm' t>T coco ^cocd' 7, 358 CM lO 05 Teach¬ ers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff 05 COO COOiiHN^CMNcOCO(NCO COCO 05 co cm t*j CM rH CO CM 00 CO CM JO 05 °0 CM ^ GO 222 212 70 Number of — Prin¬ cipals GO 00 CO CM 05 40 COO CM © CO JO H40 CO ■ 1 Super¬ visors t>*00 1 CM ^ 1 Tfi CO 40 CM CO H ^ 1 CM ICO II II II II II II II II 40 rH Schools co CM 40 CM 0 CO t>. 10 CM CO 00 CM CM rt< 05 40 05 0 HH rH H H CM H rH rH CM rH rH rH CM TP CM 3 t> S JL'O . . •S a fe . s « 03 -Q O 2 9 is , ««_ CO a ° © a u. o 5 o>,q ZX3 O 40 rf r- 1 40 cm co 40 40 o co co o CO 40 COOOWNOOQCON^^rH CC CM 0 05H00 40WOCOWNH 00 CO (NCDiONOONOO'tlN CM ^ CO 05 CO 00 CO CO CO CO CO CO rf O ( H H CM H CM CM 40 CO O CO CM CO CM CO CO 00 CM ..o£gtf§ C ©OjSrP » rV n ■5 S'O n i w P g cS 6uO be S§ 81 CD CO ic *0 00 (N .«OPc< a j§ p'C’S/K g s 3r ye « Iflfflfl flB&aaSiSiSfif as fSS&SmsM * c n <•* *2 ^ § § S sS 2 g ai es-3 fit) 2 S a S ^•r 0 « S'? H ^ 0 pm a >> « fc CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 95 sag 11 •o%* s|l§* 11 •oV 1 o c^f Is 11§ csfco '-Too' o' llSIilal pi'Monroco'coM :»« il mnmm efcNtCr-r^-o-M^i § 1 §g 111 coco' - © CM O O 1 CC - CCCOCOrJ-iO ! 1C COH Tj« Cl CO iH CO ^ CO coaot^t'-caoji-'-^Cj (NO »C O ‘ OC^O’TC: Sis=|||gsss|ggi| §glg|gSllS|g §111 51 i KllllllsIsiSlil! sill|gll§ill Sill II 1 N'fKBONt-NN'rCSiOINOO <0«-SCC0S 22”SS'*°S ”2^2 o^oNaxHONttscofflaco cxncsdn-c.xcic; -» tf O 55 > W < SK W" ►j £ ^ w > g’3 ® H 73 S 03 CO CO COO ofof CO CO ^ CO CO lO TfH HOOOC^ ocwSoo CO CO" CO CO rf CO GO 00 1-H of of CO S 00 OOOrH > co co co io oi OrHH(N OI O CO N ONN o co r OI H T ^ CC Cl CO O OI 00 00 OI »-H TJH HHOIH t-H O' 00 OI 1*0 i 1C OI OI OI Oi ag 3*r CQ > ooo2 rtj HOIHHIO Q w £ Q GO < 2 c § s I w aps 3 X & S £ a o & b " cl; i- o o ••G ’O'-' 9 & „ ^ ^ - S^mOHHHiShW so 3 S5§§So. O 04 fs x: BS CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 97 MM : : : : CfN^HH igiii eoef 8888$: 05 *0 05 CO at end of table, p. 115. Table 14. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in kindergartens and elementary schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued 98 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 99 at end of table, p. 115. 100 I GO O w o o a <• o O a wo Sfi O „ §2 © a {H»“9 * O ^ a Sg >< H Q * Mto 2 a c « a a < g •go £>< « 3 a<^ a i M >>'2 © I -11 i o S ® . 3 2*a C3 03 £ _C g g © W .a 2'3 © a -«J ^73 £ © o a t. ® o 3 rvi a . © cSS •Sc .a « (VS 3 :s CO CD O) N- N- r-H C^rH (NOW r-H 00 t^. 40 oo 40 C5 00 N- l>- 05 > CD ^ q 0) • tr-2 a § tx+j o jo a ®£ ^atoto g g.2 a ••£ © o c a1-11-1^ ^ 3 .©-“"a © ©jg 2 H &pS1^^i2’a 2 .2 ®5 2 ‘3 -3 § gJalS eg JH -2« £ £-3 2 ©§© 08 05 .2 *CCRUU QUOCHWH PhPhOOWWW CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 101 See footnotes at end of table, p. 115. Table 14. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in kindergartens and elementary schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 102 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 S &£ « 8 OINtC O) Aver¬ age daily attend¬ ance - ©©cocmoooo©©©oo© co©oo©©^©co©coco lOOJOiNrHOCJOJOSC^CS rH rH r-T rH~ CM" r-T r-T 935 1,163 1,230 1,886 3,388 1,071 528 © © Ur U- ©00 00 Ur 00 CO rH 10 cm" cm’' Enroll¬ ment O 00©©©©©©CM^OOUr Oi CD CUM C^l rH CO rH G5 CO iO Nhhhh^CSOhiOiO^ 1,109 1,326 1,401 © CO © rH © © CO rH rH TJH CO CM CO rH © CO © CM CO © CO CO ^ CM CM CO Teach¬ ers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff 05 oo©r^©oot^rHO>oo©co H^COCMiOCOCO^COOO©’^ 00 © CM CO CO rt< co © © © Ur © CO CM 08 Zf © CM 00 00 Number of — Prin¬ cipals GO 11 1 11 I ICO l -Tfl l 1 r— 1 Tf< CO rt< II 1 II 1 >0 1 © CO CO ©eo © CM Super¬ visors ^ CM CM rH h(Nhh . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cm t-h ! 1 1 1 CO 1 ©©t^©^i^co©©© © © © © ©^ CM ©CO © © m O H O Q a < o 03 GO O a '-'O §o CJ g Q ” hod Hg pco Ph 03 Q H a a < < GQ J5 aO C ^ <^-2 ■ 1-H CO © o »o T •rttOOOO!OOCO( MhhhhNc PT3 S§, • COiOCO^^CO^t^ 121 fisf NtOCOCOlO*OiCCO' a g ''■a1 ® o oSjflro • •'O bjOjn n Y* 23 M _o 2m <8 Jjs«rg’§ a H-|r§ ^ i 1 2^5 gs g g §*s 1 1.| <8 3S - W >3 So CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 103 § ®gSSil§§ -l-l 1 148 267 102 issasas ss ;ls | aSsssl Sis ! ISSlSSg i i ii i i i J i i i I-H CM 1 : i SSS2S2 i i—t *— i rtf* CM i-H CO i i 00*0 00 *0 ^ CO »0 CO CO i i ( co»o 1 l TJ4 Tt< CO *0 ^ 1 co — « *o Tj- ^ CO 00 *C CM *0 i i i i i i < i i i co *o o>o i hCN^^Oh i Minnesota: Albert Lea. . . Austin. _ _ _ • Brainerd . _ ins Faribault . . . . 1 1. ill ill KSe 3868 Him iSlMll i 7° — 41 - i i Q! -8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1ft Sooc I m Is j si: il m >r M» ! = ! Hi: i i i i >> ’ « . pii lf!°: : : : m ill! s s j : S; i i i i i i i i : : i i i * i i i i il ■£ it i i I : U i| a £ i i i i i ij : : : :£ & j4, ;S a*-1 tfij — III! 105 See footnotes at end of table, p. 115. 106 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 o 1-1 m o H O 2 K < o P3 02 O w 3g 55 > S S M ►J 02 w a Q * MGQ a® Ph Q H 55 O <1 C in 550 §1 55 o a u, a> a a •S O O , os a g 9_g H £ o «« M §1“ m > I r-l 05 »0 il> >>"5 a) <» Sis Q « $*.gss lilillS |2i .= / : a .ol -e ^ c£ ^ 05 CO ^ • a o-S^ bJj cD ^ _ ll^iU O 00 (N 05 CO GOOr-lO^t CUNhh 00 co *o 00 *0 CO 00 CO 05 lO r-H -. O fl 03 p-< 03 03 03 £ .g O O rt« spqQQfiMi-^dH« ^^mmpqQOOUfiWOOWMWW^hdJ Zj O 0> 55 55 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 107 SIS il c4w*-r ,h- I O ' 1 ■*— I ' ‘Ot'O I I 05 IS sg IsilSIi ^oNiTetf.JVHVr §li II whh i-Teo SIS (NVh~-S«05 CO 05 lo ® «© 50 l§l iSI IIS «VrH 88$ 1-H >-H r ns §§ r-Tef gg -t}Si | jls.ti'S' fe'lSJSigp^jjsi liilfll i|i !|S||||f 1 llliiiilllf i! ||i° J ££ ^CKOQ V V fc fe _Ph w-g : ill II I! OCOCESK at end of table, p. 115. Table 14. — Number of schools , personnel , and attendance in kindergartens and elementary schools , city school systems , 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued 108 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 o fl - _ £8 s-a CO > GO Cl L- * COOOtJ-OS^ ! CO of of csf, >O(NTt a < gw w ^ w a (h H ◄ £ > g’eS ® g i'O . , ^ o S ® ce 133 x: a g g « Eth£° »-S” ra > Q a 55 Q ^ 3 TO ,5 gx ps * ^ 2 c § a S a,? a1^ 55 § a j§ a P ° *S E-* m ° «>-*> “ a °s iO(NOOO HON>OQ §6 fl . * S- (M co ^ H co t>- lOCON^^OCO^WO >0 N 05 C 00 00 CO ^ rH »o 00 rHO5CCC0O5C5r-'C4C0X*»l OWNCCN^(NNHH(N io^nw^^onnhow fl w ’ I P c3 bi) CO(NHXN(NO^H o -3 tn O K O a a •o o as go o a wo °§ «o 25 a > H ◄ S bj 3 2 w s ^ w !x H 2 a & Safl § > S3 « a 05 Tt< rcfi-r 0 05 0 05^ •go S3 i S’SW § a a 9 03 £ g-g~ H °" 00 lO lO ' i-a “ ■^NNOOO Q W a o -/ . i „ CO (N ^ csf r-T H* 05 00 CO 00 05 00 <3 O PS GO a m « o z > H -< SH w 13 03 ^ w Jh H «<< CO 2:? NON o o> o t'- CO 00 csTt-Ti-h •§ s S3 . a3 03 43 a g 3 ^ £ ” II PS Q W fc Q zO £‘S ® a A U ’S 5 o cs 133 x; ® M-W" 2S° O 03 : 3 3 *3 | Ui o °3 B°o 2 o §5 03 4x3 4 ? 3 1 g am § OiJs-9 gw-S Sa I >>3? 3 X3 O o 3 1 O ~ O - ’Otx.ffSxd '3^-2 i'3 £ !os3.sW£33^a2 g §|‘> 2 g §2 ?D33Cdl>-£OwQO»(:H2“Ki.B7^o£ioC’r«0 § 3 oP5z:2 jbjsiJ « £0 ojd s 2 g* l§“3 3 § S S < £ £ £ OOOPhP^P-PhPhPhggoqcgccicc! cocoE -iE-ihn* CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 113 1,539 1,835 i i rH H S! 1 £S8 f 3® a * ^3 c3 co ^ t-T co~ of CDNiOiO ‘O oo io o tn O w o G X <; o tfCQ O a £ § o a > H -< 3® w ^ 40 CO f CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III 1 till II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III 1 till II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 CM i—i > i CM i i i II II II II II II II II II II II II II .1 ” is ; ; 1 i lO '1—1 1 1 1 . 1 1 . GO CM Tf ■ —< CO i i i i i i I l ii i i i i l 1 i ii i i i i i i i i i I ii i i i i i I i ii i i I i i i i i I l ii i i i i l I i ii i i 1 ^ II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CO rH 00 j : iggssi i ii i in I gg l§ 1 1 Sg ills il IS i i is j ! ! cm' co* cm* ccT ! . to i cT od co cm~ cm* i co" cf « ii iii hV : S©- ^ 1 iii i iii i iii i illisISs 131 SIS g gsii II is igiiii »i Sills s od'S'cceo'ofeoo-S' mV tx' S'Vco'^ cm~c* CO^T COHOWHW 00 CD CO rH cmVTos'W' os ISSssilS 111 111 1 Isli §1 II liiBsl sg Sllli £ OCM~CO~CO~CMVx'©CM‘' JO 00'S S«0«Q «0 nVw«J CM~§ SS SjoSScmco* OsVT CM'tV'o 10V © 556 86 120 137 96 178 233 92 1,017 234 36 161 508 204 165 86 219 104 195 159 3, 840 Sg S2SS -4 rH HOWH 74 127 344 217 96 1,373 355 176 172 410 £©h ooOOflE-1 : : : : : : : a O' ■ .. ■ a K l-o'S §1*5 o a ® S S ® C3 03 Si -5 .2 tc Senior High Schools Aver¬ age daily at¬ tend¬ ance e* 1,932 1,036 1,632 994 3,005 3,618 2, 600 1,910 1,490 1, 810 1, 193 1,828 1,523 1,723 1,636 1,699 1,528 2,094 848 Enroll¬ ment N 2, 227 1,222 1, 781 1,088 3, 334 3, 904 ISIS Ills cfefi-Tef ^fcfrHrt“ si 11s ^Tef rnef Number of— Teachers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff = Tt< 0Grt< ^ CO *3 ! 63 65 64 91 32 Prin¬ cipals O i-H rH vH rH ON>0 SSSliEifS liSg efr-T^T II ISS ef of ef of >-i o a © rSS !!ss ) r-T C* 1-T IsbIsSIII 1SI1 ^eoVf^Nfwef^Tef ^ofr-T-T Si §11 of co ofco-r ® _ — 1 A 73 1 x: t* u x 5s © « «+- •S cS CO Ol CO O) CO Ol Ol CO CO H Ol M H *3® I o CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 123 1, 346 1 4HQ > ; ? : 1 i i 1 ; :i >• 1 5 : i S2® ;; •§ Is ? ; i ! j! I j i Ifi's is 1 ' S if i 3 i i i i < i 1 1 o 1 1 1 ^00^ 1 c 1 I r CO O 1 1 i CO i j ' ' i j j j i i i j : COO l ' i i i > • c i i N 1 i i l 1 l 1 l 1 ' • H rH II :: 432 270 fills $2 j! 468 304 m Eisaa lO CO i « 22 22 13 31 20 9 1-H rH « i i i < N ^ ^ ’“I - 05 00 00 05 00 CO to < is § C1C1NCO P5C1HHH. Cl o £7#C0 ST? t-l ^ ( © > “3 C3 Jj g iOOOCl^OCOOONC O O CO CO lO CO 05 CO CO CO 00 ^ TfOOOCOOCOO^OO ^rH(NN 05 CNCOCONCOOIO^ 05 o CO O CO rH05 00CO‘DHQ0050 CO to to 00 CO CO 05 N N »o CO CO Tfi O ^ C,rr-> © C3 ** o o ® 3 9 a h ° Df)M®lOfHr^O)01 rHO' Tf CO CO Tj< to 00 CO C UM i Junior High Schools Aver- age daily at¬ tend¬ ance 810 998 1,352 459 is ill IlsilgggilSiSslSl il | rtVT-H 1 Enroll¬ ment CO 918 1, 130 1, 513 532 is ilS slSSSSSIllsilssIS if j Number of — Teachers and nt.hftr in- struc- tional staff US 32 31 40 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 Prin¬ cipals - | 1th j^rH .-H l i i i—3 rH i—l i i i. visors eo t"h i j ^ ! ! rH 1 1 1 1 ( 1 1 ro ! Schools N 2 2 2 2 z i i i i i f i i z I z s I I I I I r i S CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 127 (Ill III II 1 i i i i i i i 05 i ' O ' 1 (NOliO 1 O CO 1 ' O 00 ' rf '00 i i ! ! ! rt* 1 1 ; ;N • | 1 1 1 1 1 I I rH 1 1 t'— 1 i i i i i i i 05 ' 1 00 ' i 1 05 O Tt< 1 05 1 1 i 00 CM 1 CO lO 1 i rf i ^ ico i i i 'H00 1 CD i O ' ' i iii 05 III 00 1 i a j i ; ig; i ; 1 1 1 1 III II 1 ; ; jrnvr : i®* i- i- i i i III 1 I i- i j CO 00 IH 88 0»0-- 00 rH 00 O CO rf ic NI0 05-10 CM iO CO 05 CO CM CO rH IO — H 00 05 05 05 CO 05 co »o io 05 co co co 0(N05 CO 00 00 00 NHOJ rH 05 CO CO CO CO oo oo 05 oo o COiON CO $8 05 uo lO »o s r lO 88 L- CO 05 O L- 00 307 485 634 731 1, 196 679 277 rH 05 CM CM CO 05 O O 00 H CM 00 CM lO CO »c CO CO CM CO CM rt< rti r^. ^ CM rH CM CM 8 ?3 05 CN 30 CO CM CM 38 CM L- 1C rH CO 30 05 rH rH CM CM CO CM co CO co Tt< Tj< CO — >-llHl-l rH i— 1 HHH rH i—l ’"H r_l rH rH rH rH HH rH rH CM rH rH rH CM rH ! cm ! CM CM T"H I :T*< Ith : ; ; — i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HH rH rH CM rH rH rH CM rH 802 389 796 1, 015 627 1,063 3 792 CM O 8 oo 8K8 00 CO CO 8 05 L- t>- 00 L- CO CO 05 CO s CO 1, 129 572 816 365 684 718 CM O O rH C5 rH O O 30 N 05 00 00 Tf CO CD N o O 30 O CO CM C5 L- 05 o C 00 854 429 862 1, 108 657 1,144 839 05 CO o CO L- 05 Tt« b- CM 05 0N 00 t'- CO 05 s £8 rf ^ CO 30 CO 1,245 634 891 394 719 836 466 379 747 888 1,315 752 608 o O 00 L- rH rH 05 CO 00 rH 05 CO O h CO T-H CO co cm *o CO N T? hhCM ^ CM rH 8 rt< O 8 o CO O‘OCO'^‘O‘0 NCMrHrH-^CO CM 30 CM O 30 rH rH CM CO CO CM rH rH CO CO 30 CO CO HHHH H CO H TH ! CMHW rH rH CM CM CM H H H H rH rH rH CM rH rH rH CM CM rH 1 1 1 1 III 1 1 1 1 III ! CM ! r-l rH i fH ! ! ^ i j j j | | ^ HHHN H CO H CM H H CM CM CM rH rH rH CM rH CM rH CO rH rH rH CM CM rH i i 1 1 III ©iii 1 1 o Cu 1 ■ 1 ' 1 _o bi) 1 1 1 i 0“ a : ; ; u as 1 ! c. ! j c i 1 l ' 1 ' !| : 1 rt ’ a ' P o : ) > K c - E © i GO jig) >'© jW a bj , Marie . . City _ tft > os' ’■ :l ; ; P- ! ! i i * 1 ' 1 IT. j i M§i ! i i ; i . i CD 1 ' i © CJ i y City _ Proves. . . Is . . ■§£5 = ^0 ^ 0-0 H » '«Sg-§s5h g“.S 3q'5:> S s «o a S o^-g 2 ft's gfiMfl! rt G Or- , w _ M w w „ . . .. !£go- ts g-g-5 ft-g Iso ss 5 5 » 2 gs 1 1= s ftg a £-g § a g-g^-g ^ a § 8 g S5 2 O g- ® o o S|S.£ g fit* 8. 2:2 3 £ 5(2*^ §.b-| So2« 2 o i-gwo-g a ® * 2 « r « « s S S S 8 2 See footnotes at end of table, p. 133. Table 15. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in junior, senior, and junior -senior high schools, city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 128 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 129 See footnotes at end of table, p. Table 15. — Number of schools , personnel, and attendance in junior, senior, and junior -senior high schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 130 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Junior— Senior High Schools Aver¬ age daily at¬ tend¬ ance ©5 1, 322 1 1 1 o CO i i 1 i 1, 754 938 i i 1 l i i 1,803 1, 831 1,008 i i 1 i ■ 1 Enroll¬ ment 00 1, 495 1,396 i i i i 1,799 965 1,952 1, 942 1,020 1 1 Number of— Teachers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff 42 42 1 1 i i T* lO CO 53 51 39 l 1 t i i l « l i i Prin¬ cipals s CO 1-1 rH rH i rH C^l iH i i l 1 i i Super¬ visors 1 i i l 1 i i Schools l i 1 l 1 l i l l | rH (N rH i i 1 1 i i Senior High Schools Aver¬ age daily at¬ tend¬ ance co 1 1 1 1 NOON ^CONN lONOOCOO ■ < 30CON lS» CO rH OOHHiOrO I ( N- 00 *0 TjfHCOC 05 00 05 00 '1 WHhh CO CO H C Conshohocken _ _ . Coraopohs _ Donora _ _ _ ... JJuquesne ... _ _ Ellwood City _ _ _ rarren _ _ _ _ Franklin _ _ _ Hanover _ _ Hanover (township) (P. 0., Wilkes-Barre) . . . CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 131 fj II ^r_r 3 5 IH : 1,372 s S 8 Senior High Schools Aver¬ age daily at¬ tend¬ ance eo H 05^0iNN»0»0»0005 O CO IO^(NWHCOCO»OOON H CD OOO^CDQOfN^iOiO^ 00 912 885 480 464 887 931 1, 522 1,271 893 Enroll¬ ment M 692 885 1, 260 468 680 917 299 487 608 701 1, 874 846 1,079 1,040 560 576 1, 044 1,067 1,749 1, 361 1,017 Number of— Teachers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff 3 NHNO^NOOODW ^ CO CO r^^o^cot^oi hco CO rH H CO CO T}4 ^4 CO Prin¬ cipals ® ^ ’■H ^ «M Super¬ visors 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I l rH i 1 i i l l i rH I 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-H.H lilt |i-H Schools QO rH HHHH(NHHHH(N rH . Junior High Schools Aver¬ age daily at¬ tend¬ ance r» CO CO rH O* 00 CO 00 CO rH CO COCOWrH(NOH(NOH CNJ CO 00 CM to CO 00 *0 CO CO rH Oi 326 956 541 576 612 830 1,431 1,119 1,301 Enroll¬ ment CD rH OOWNCOCOWCOHNN oo 0> CllCONNCOGO^rHC^ O CO OOOiOCOCbTfiONOOCO O 384 1, 110 961 600 661 734 941 1,762 1, 195 1,408 Number of— Teachers and other in¬ struc¬ tional staff O HN»ONHHNHCOO m CG £ £-2 H 1 2 3 4 5 6 : Masssachuetts— Continued. North Adams. 1 1 i 27 833 776 1 i 44 1,289 1, 202 1 i 30 1,032 942 1 i 20 647 587 Wakefield _ 1 T i 45 1,201 1,083 Westfield . _ _ _ 1 i 39 1,205 1, 120 1 ~T i 52 1, 453 1,294 Michigan : Alpena ..... .. . _ 1 7 i 20 701 665 1 1 i 35 928 912 1 i 38 1, 194 1,084 Lincoln Park. _ 1 i 23 761 736 Owosso _ _ _ . . 1 l 34 1,042 967 Royal Oak _ _ . ... 3 2 90 1,824 1,641 1, 150 Minnesota: Hibbing 6 . _ _ . .. 1 2 1 63 1, 320 Rochester 2 2 82 2, 078 1,941 725 South St. Paul 1 1 35 778 Virginia . _ _ _ 4 2 4 180 4,176 3, 816 Mississippi: Biloxi.. . _ _ _ 2 2 23 547 472 Clarksdale 1 19 392 358 Columbus _ _ _ 1 1 6 155 117 Greenwood . _ _ _ 2 3 34 755 533 Gulfport _ _ _ . . 2 1 36 802 700 Hattiesburg ... 2 2 34 1, 090 883 Laurel _ .. _ _ 3 2 64 915 813 Natchez _ _ _ 2 2 18 554 483 Vicksburg ... 2 1 33 778 677 Missouri: Cape Girardeau _ .. _ 2 1 36 883 778 Hannibal 1 5 120 102 Maplewood. _ _ 1 1 35 1, 143 990 St. Charles . . . . 2 2 20 488 443 Sedalia _ _ _ _ 1 1 6 161 1 153 Montana: Anaconda _ . _ 2 29 600 588 Billings _ _ 1 1 2 53 1,849 1, 600 Helena _ 1 1 31 992 960 Nebraska: Beatrice _ . .. 1 1 28 823 636 Fremont _ _ 2 ~T 2 31 902 761 Nevada: Reno . _ _ _ 1 1 30 1,205 1,072 New Hampshire: Claremont.. _ _ _ 1 2 1 24 600 546 Dover _ _ 1 1 29 858 833 Keene .. _ 1 1 28 925 842 Laconia _ _ 1 1 28 724 651 Portsmouth _ . 1 1 40 1, 093 518 974 Rochester. _ 1 1 16 456 New Jersey: Asburv Park _ 1 2 52 1,648 1, 587 1, 442 1, 452 1,438 Belleville . . . . 1 1 52 Bridgeton _ _ . 1 T 1 48 1, 272 868 Burlington _ 1 2 2 30 959 Carteret . _ 1 2 1 ' 35 684 617 Cranford _ ... 1 2 27 799 730 Dover _ _ 1 1 33 892 826 Garfield _ 2 1 1 56 1,289 1,115 See footnotes at end of table, p. 143. 140 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 16. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in regular high schools of 4-years or less, and in full-time vocational and trade high schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued Regular High Schools of 4 Years or Less Full-Time Vocational and Trade High Schools City Number of Teachers and other instructional staff Enrollment Average daily at¬ tendance Number of Teachers and other instructional staff Enrollment Average daily at¬ tendance | Schools | Supervisors j Principals Schools Supervisors i Principals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 New Jersey— Continued. Harrison e _ ...... 1 1 18 688 585 Hawthorne _ 1 1 29 975 893 Hillside (P. O., Elizabeth).. 1 1 48 1, 166 1,056 Linden _ _ 1 1 49 1,410 1,260 Lodi _ . . 1 1 43 1,245 1,131 Lyndhurst (P. O., Ruther- ford) . _ _ 1 1 47 1, 130 1,066 Millville _ _ .. . . 1 2 1 24 872 752 Morristown . . 1 2 2 43 1, 376 1,215 Neptune (P. O., Ocean Grove) _ . . 1 6 1 20 708 624 Nutley _ _ 1 1 54 1,327 1,241 Phillipsburg ... _ 1 1 1 42 1,266 1,137 Pleasantville. . _ _ 1 1 38 1, 120 988 Rahway _ 2 1 34 965 896 Ridgefield Park 1 2 28 674 582 South River _ _ 2 1 39 992 908 Union.. .. . ... 1 1 36 1,056 941 Vineland 1 1 45 1,295 1,106 Weehawken _ 1 1 28 685 631 Woodbridge _ 1 1 47 1,356 1,243 New York: Batavia... _ 1 1 57 1,296 1,152 Beacon .... . _ 1 'T 1 21 819 595 Cohoes. . . 1 3 1 28 718 651 Corning: District No. 9.. . . 1 1 37 677 578 District No. 13... 1 1 28 780 675 Dunkirk . '. _ 1 .... 1 41 1,073 951 1 1 9 198 122 Endicott . _ 1 4 1 65 2, 305 2,007 Floral Park _ 1 2 86 2,232 1,860 Freeport .. _ 1 1 34 1, 184 1,030 Fulton _ _ 1 .... 1 32 1, 124 1,023 Geneva. . _ . 1 1 33 962 835 Glen Cove _ _ 2 7 1 21 841 720 Herkimer . 1 1 23 766 635 Hornell. .. ... _ _ _ 2 1 46 1, 161 1, 105 1 9 351 242 Hudson. _ .. 1 1 30 807 680 Irondequoit (P. 0., Roches¬ ter). .. . . ... 1 25 433 399 Ithaca. 1 1 1 58 1,534 1,324 Johnson City. 1 1 51 1,991 1,394 Kenmore.. . .... 2 ”T 1 44 1,904 1,625 Kingston 1 2 1 62 2, 205 1,903 Lackawanna . _ 1 3 2 54 1, 184 1, 058 Little Falls _ 1 1 1 23 595 545 Lockport.. _ _ . . 3 1 1 57 1,694 1, 507 Lynbrook _ . _ 1 1 1 26 661 594 Middletown ... _ 1 1 1 42 1,326 1, 139 North Tona wanda .. ... 1 1 36 1,299 1,092 Ogdensburg. . ..... 1 1 21 646 568 1 5 75 63 Olean _ 1 ” i" 1 54 1,589 1,326 Ossining 1 1 31 935 825 Oswego 1 1 37 1,284 1, 224 Peekskill _ _ . 2 .... 2 55 1,084 972 Pelham .. _ ... ... 2 2 51 1, 165 1, 002 Plattsburg 1 1 23 513 444 Port Jervis . 1 1 21 762 672 Rensselaer 1 .... 14 433 374 Saratoga Springs 1 33 856 767 Watervliet _ . . ... 1 4 1 25 907 790 See footnotes at end of table, p. 143. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 141 Table 16. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in regular high schools of 4-years or less, and in full-time vocational and trade high schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP m. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued Begular High Schools of 4 Years or Less Full-Time Vocational and Trade High Schools Number of jj«g j i Number of c3 City | Schools X X "> h CO If Enrollment §1 - > < Schools Supervisors Principals 'O £ | § §! > ! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 10 11 12 13 North Carolina: 2 1 23 895 802 2 1 24 792 733 2 2 28 943 851 2 2 39 1,289 1,194 1,084 756 2 2 44 1, 270 2 2 22 881 2 1 23 775 684 2 2 50 1,611 1,288 811 1,488 1, 183 2 42 Shelby 2 1 23 722 1 1 16 542 511 3 2 23 637 587 Wilson _ _ 1 2 35 1,023 922 Ohio: Alliance 1 1 61 1,617 1,513 Barberton _ ... __ 1 T 1 40 1,329 1,188 Bellaire _ _ 1 1 34 1,238 1,151 1,001 1 941 Cambridge _. 1 T 1 34 1,087 Campbell 1 1 39 1,031 Chillicothe _ ______ 1 1 29 881 819 Coshocton 1 1 23 712 664 Cuyahoga Falls 1 1 44 1,429 1, 369 1, 466 East Liverpool ... 1 1 51 1,633 Elyria. 2 3 66 1,808 1,694 Findlay 1 1 4 48 43 Lancaster 1 2 1 36 924 848 Martins Ferry 1 1 31 1,001 ! 1,098 679 955 Parma (P. 0., Cleveland) .. _ Piqua. 1 2 32 983 1 1 25 599 Salem. 1 .... 1 30 943 872 Sandusky 1 1 46 1,324 J 846 1,251 Wooster 1 ~2~ 1 33 776 Oklahoma: Ada... _ ... 1 2 37 1,476 1,181 147 Ardmore 1 1 9 162 Chickasha. 1 1 5 93 71 Lawton 1 1 2 41 30 McAJester .. _ 2 2 33 957 883 Sapulpa... _ _ 2 2 30 868 809 Seminole . . _ 1 1 24 782 670 1 Shawnee _ 1 1 4 104 80 Pennsylvania: Abington 1 1 44 1,347 1,144 Bellevue 1 1 31 733 | 669 Berwick 1 1 31 1,018 | 1,001 949 i Braddock _ _ _ 1 1 38 931 1 Bristol.. _ 1 1 20 538 515 Butler _ _ 1 .... 3 2,196 858 1 1,889 ; Canonsburg. . _ 1 :::: 1 23 783 Carbondale 1 1 29 1, 134 1,080 : Carnegie 1 1 21 661 j 621 Chambersburg _ _ _ 1 i 1 35 1,074 1, 005 C oates ville _ _ _ .. _ 1 1 10 | 193 166 Columbia _ _ _ _ .... 1 1 18 654 606 Dickson. . 1 1 26 725 647 | ________ Dormont (P. 0., Pitts¬ burgh) 1 1 38 947 814 1 Du Bois. . 1 .... 1 37 ! 929 876 Dunmore 2 1 45 1,438 1,789 1.298 1,617 | .... Greensburg... . ... 1 :::: 2 49 .... See footnotes at end of table, p. 143. 142 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Table 16. — - Number of schools , personnel , and attendance in regular high schools of 4-years or less , and in full-time vocational and trade high schools , city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued City Pennsylvania — Continued. Homestead _ Jeannette _ Kingston _ Latrobe _ McKees Rocks _ Meadville 8 _ Monessen _ _ _ Munhall _ _ Nanticoke _ New Kensington _ Old Forge _ Plains _ Plymouth _ Pottsville _ _ Shamokin _ Sharon _ Steelton _ Swissvale _ _ Turtle Creek _ Vandergrift _ W arren _ Rhode Island: Central Falls _ Cumberland (P. O., Valley Falls) _ Newport _ South Carolina: Anderson _ Florence _ Greenwood Rock Hill t _ Spartanburg . . Sumter _ Tennessee: Bristol _ Jackson _ Johnson City . . Texas : Abilene _ Big Spring _ Cleburne _ _ Corsicana _ Denison _ Greenville _ _ _ Harlingen _ Marshall _ Palestine _ Paris _ Sherman _ Texarkana . . . Vermont: Barre . . . Rutland _ Virginia: Alexandria _ C harlottesville _ _ _ Danville _ Hopewell _ Petersburg _ Staunton _ Suffolk _ _ Regular High Schools of 4 Years or Less Number of Teachers and other ins ructional staff Enrollment Average daily at¬ tendance | Schools | Supervisors Principals 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 58 1, 373 1,203 1 1 37 1, 316 1,205 1 _ 1 56 1, 278 1, 145 2 _ 1 39 1,093 1, 041 1 1 28 872 803 1 — - 1 42 1, 200 1, 152 1 2 45 1, 135 1, 026 1 .... 1 53 1,541 1,403 1 1 34 762 686 1 1 41 1,063 982 1 _ 1 32 1,063 998 1 _ 1 45 1,435 1, 428 1 1 25 1, 071 1, 004 1 "T 2 46 1,524 1, 392 1 _ 1 30 873 818 1 1 41 1,015 941 2 2 1 51 1, 474 1, 306 1 _ 1 28 1, 195 1, 103 1 ---- 1 35 1, 365 1, 230 1 1 1 24 616 531 1 1 17 546 498 1 .... 1 67 1,635 1,503 3 5 72 1,687 1, 482 2 _ 3 52 1,311 1, 179 2 1 43 1,193 1, 033 2 1 27 832 709 2 2 77 2,056 1,846 2 i 2 41 917 811 2 2 17 590 506 3 _ 2 36 1,052 846 1 .... 1 9 92 78 1 2 68 1,877 1,657 1 1 29 790 695 1 31 942 835 1 1 6 193 178 1 1 37 1, 217 1,036 1 1 1 89 72 1 _ 1 21 641 574 2 _ 2 46 1,676 1, 474 1 1 4 277 193 2 2 44 1,420 1,228 2 _ 2 41 1,189 1,098 1 .... 1 8 319 284 1 3 1 23 767 7 750 1 .... 1 31 844 800 1 2 49 1,589 1,430 2 _ 2 31 1, 153 870 1 _ 1 13 444 403 2 1 30 933 582 1 _ 1 14 416 335 2 _ 2 22 586 552 2 — 1 32 558 502 Full-Time Vocational and Trade High Schools Number of Teachers and other instructional staff Enrollment Average daily at¬ tendance Schools Supervisors Principals 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 9 218 201 1 .... 1 8 172 164 1 6 107 70 1 .... 1 4 ISO 92 See footnotes at end of table, p. 143. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 143 Table 16. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance in regular high schools of 4-years or less, and in full-time vocational and trade high schools, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 population — continued City Regular High Schools of 4 Years or Less Full-Time Vocational and Trade High Schools Number of C GO la Number of >> >» Washington: Bremerton _ Longview _ Olympia _ Walla Walla.. Wisconsin: Ashland _ Cudahy _ Eau Claire _ Stevens Point. Wyoming: Casper _ 12 1 1 1 1 1 .... 2 1 .... 1 35 1, 291 1,056 32 904 783 45 1,583 1, 390 46 1, 352 1, 115 1 2 1 1 .... 1 1 .... 2 1 2 1 23 684 617 27 704 655 56 1, 950 1, 776 37 1,284 1, 215 2 .... 2 59 1, 558 1 Distribution of this item between junior high schools and regular 4-year high schools has been estimated . 2 Reported in totals only. Distribution of this item by school levels has been estimated. 3 Distribution of this item among junior high schools, junior-senior high schools, and regular 4-year high schools has been estimated. 4 Distribution of this item among elementary schools, junior high schools, and regular 4-year high schools has been estimated. * Distribution of this item between senior high schools and vocational high schools has been estimated. 6 Statistics of 1935-36. 7 Estimated. 8 Statistics of 1936-37. Table 17. — Number of schools , personnel, and attendance data, and current expenditures in colleges and normal schools under city boards education 1937-38 144 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Current Expenditures Total CD ills! Hell SIslS 1E1I1 1 ggssa gs-ss aggss sfs&g £ Main- 2 11 is sSff jc 13 §g • »‘s ! So 490 5, 455 38, 643 2, 227 2,014 9,916 4, 405 4, 622 996 Ji 3 § a $31, 428 86, 000 ■ta 9A7 1, 713 33, 797 100, 338 is | CO 985 14, 332 118, 503 12, 463 6, 842 27, 326 14, 609 15, 900 1,968 Instruction 1 I S’5 o ill Ill eo 81SIS 11 803 150 854 6, 690 83, 277 1,970 3 2, 762 5, 170 16, 344 6, 051 5, 628 3, 060 Salaries and other instruc¬ tional staff 2 $160, 087 519, 516 17, 770 245, 131 15, 860 257, 630 587, 860 1,785 30, 238 23, 117 11, 397 172, 889 1, 325, 342 40, 396 a 72, 744 40, 105 182, 441 127,815 61, 600 94, 821 26, 206 Salaries and ex- penses of supervisors and prin¬ cipals a $18, 448 39, 294 269 25, 669 i 2, 005 19, 442 39, 605 4, 825 6, 806 19, 233 118, 163 7,242 2 7, 614 7, 075 10, 747 19, 582 5,500 16, 935 4,316 Personnel hi 11 ® llaS® sails 1 HV -T O r-T Enrollment Girls sSsls ggass Slill SglSl a 1,810 3, 823 4,500 SiSlil lilis iSIls »|sg g - . OO 8 8 CO 00 8 " 8" i i I I i I T I I I I I I I Z ! ! ! ! cm j ! j ! j j j j j j j j . . . . « iiisi §£!=§! gggas as a 8“" ss“««a £a“asa II 8fc“ I I -r oo sss I11SI 13333 2SI11 sfcssjsf* sf"rfs“ ssfs-s SI I &®8" 1 5 1111 H i is !< ' : r-T r-T : 11 CO Salaries of teachers and other instruc¬ tional staff 2 gills iffisg sill! gS'SSS 3S"3S Salaries and ex¬ penses of supervisors and prin¬ cipals 2 i§ j$» 1 i§ - > o - Parsons, Kans _ _ _ _ Ironwood, Mich _ . Hibbing, Minn.2 . ... PnotiDctor Minn Virginia, Minn _ .. ... TofWarm P.itv A/Trt 5 5 3 > 6 Bartlesville, Okla _ Okmiilvee. Okla Seminole, Okla _ Corpus Christi, Tex _ San Angelo, Tex _ Temple, Tex _ Texarkana, Tex. _ _ Tyler, Tex _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 147 See footnotes at end of table, p. Table 18. — Number of schools, personnel and attendance data , and current expenditures, in part-time vocational and continuation schools, city-school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP I. - CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION AND MORE — continued 148 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 oo omnmcd © © © oo © 03 T^iOcCOOO 05 CO O CO 00 O o Tf COrjiOO COO»OCON*Hts CO COr 00 ^ 03 i-h o> a a •S§5 w cs a © °* oo r*. 8 a ra ® ot i g° § w O 00 § Sj © CO 03 (MOH © T© oc of CO © ^ oo of © 1-1 C0©03©0303 »-h CO © © 03 © rHWN©00 © O0 CO © © ©00 ©© 00 Tf 03 © © ©©©©©© ©© 03 1-H 03 © 1-H l-H Ttl |> © CO 03 CO 1-H© 5 00 CM © © C^3 © © © ) 1-H © © © 1-H© U- < C3 CO 03 CO CO r-H 1-H > , O ceto i.sg§5 !« £• ©COOOCOiH 03t^©©©t^^ rH rH i-H © © © 03 CO © © © 1-H © 00 ^ © © CO 1-H 03 1-H CO © o cz> .5 'S jh a © ,-H T—i 03 03 rH H H HC3NHHHH HH rH 03 03 §s “ts ■SQ £ C!i3n J o .. ! !o2S O hi, 5 ©-3- C 3 ■«Oh £ 2 0 O mPh £ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 149 2, 941 4,000 13, 110 2, 977 958, 139 41, 886 s § | i S | I 2,245 4,000 13,110 2,763 638, 764 j £ £ s s se § •o 0 28 498 31 7,018 28 3 1 7 0 106 1 2 } 111 — © - Fort Worth.. . Virginia: Norfolk | § fj 1 1 cc Wisconsin: Milwaukee . IS Sjrf Slisifs s 5 § Is ilsll i S^S'g'S®’* :3 “ "=‘ -<* IS 111 «- §ls — w CO S1 1 §S!§gi o S § SI gsjfsssgs CO S3" wVT 11111 8 as SSISl 1 Jl§§§ 8 t-^cOi-H >£ to ^w'm'o'io'oT s ! II 8;?0g 5 Sk2§22| -r : : OW^ ® P. 3 CO C/J *3 & ’8 a £ Teachers and other instructional staff a 1 o a H a .2 1 CG g Operation and maintenance 1 m Sh n 3 te I 3 a £ § < V Eh a 1 o a fl £ o H c n a Operation and maintenance < 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Ohio: 17 399 $2, 656 1 16 563 $3, 297 648 1 16 372 4, 164 Lima. 1 94 Lorain 2 70 3,245 530 Norwood 6 225 Springfield 1 22 420 3,737 $320 1 6 221 882 iStenhenville 13 501 2,564 14, 895 3, 490 13, 626 6, 159 1, 995 Pennsylvania: Bethlehem 26 1, 057 929 TTa.rrishnrg 15 Johnstown 1 2 46 1, 460 350 Lancaster 1 16 18 1, 718 1, 515 TVT e TTee.s port. 1 4 157 Williamsport i 41 2, 861 532 16, 937 3, 405 228 Rhode Island: Cranston (P. 0., Provi¬ dence) 1 15 737 Pawtucket 1 15 South Carolina: Charleston 1 15 226 3, 869 6, 039 369 Texas: Austin 1 39 1, 372 Wichita Falls 1 12 269 3,652 Utah: Ogden 4 76 3, 058 5, 126 36 850 804 Virginia: Lvnchhnrg 4 1 21 549 415 Portsmouth 13 560 3, 211 3,533 780 15 217 889 Roanoke 12 645 200 19 278 2,266 $140 Washington; Bellingham 1 7 132 33 Everett 1 15 1,099 3, 156 144 6 101 842 Wisconsin: Green Bay 76 2, 818 2,502 4, 320 13, 304 13, 344 14, 597 19, 266 5, 756 2, 168 Kenosha _ _ __ 1 1 95 La Crosse 81 « 5, 094 Madison 6 i 87 4, 335 Oshkosh 1 i 39 1,465 3, 154 4, 506 20, 852 11, 692 Racine 94 520 S heboygan 1 53 3, 868 150 3 95 350 Superior 2 38 1,891 1,966 3, 341 10, 000 West Allis 67 See footnotes at end of table, p. 162. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 159 Table 19. — Number of schools , personnel , and attendance data, and current expenditures, in night and Americanization schools and summer schools, city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION Night and Americanization Schools Summer Schools City Number of— Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion Num¬ Current Supervi¬ sors and principals Teach¬ ers 8 Enroll¬ ment ber of teach¬ ers 19 Enroll¬ ment expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 .Alabama: Anniston _ _ .. 15 23 20 233 $2, 254 2,190 2,582 1 520 Fairfield. _ _ 1 430 Tuscaloosa _ 10 27 99 864 California: Burbank _ ... _ .. 2,738 17, 082 3,990 Eureka _ _ 1 20 587 Modesto _ _ 29 1,933 8, 167 Monrovia _ _ _ 33 1,865 13, 800 9, 373 Falo Alto _ .. 1 9 1,319 3, 633 1 52 10, 325 3, 476 11, 480 Richmond _ 2 12 734 1 17 1, 854 1,077 702 Santa Cruz _ _ 27 8,245 Santa Rosa _ ... 23 1,620 7,484 1, 194 Vallejo _ _ 1 35 1,754 146 Connecticut: Ansonia _ 5 Bristol _ 1 8 213 2,700 Danbury 1 7 883 1,303 478 Derby.. _ . _ _ _ 3 62 East Hartford 1 5 278 2,045 589 Groton . _ 4 90 Middletown 1 10 449 1,817 4, 213 2,987 Naugatuck 1 13 14 724 New London _ _ _ _ . 670 Shelton _ _ 3 117 596 Stratford _ 1 33 400 6,614 5, 896 Torrington _ _ _ _ _ 1 19 749 Wallingford _ 1 18 363 3,017 West Hartford 1 8 326 2, 434 1, 489 West Haven... _ 8 414 Willimantic.. _ 1 8 280 1, 593 Georgia: Thomasville _ _ _ _ 5 124 $535 Indiana: Crawfordsville. . _ 2 72 300 Michigan City ... _ _ 4 64 480 Mishawaka .. .. _ 7 243 711 Whiting. . _ . 14 379 1,532 14 369 1,602 Iowa: Burlington _ _ 10 172 1,500 32 996 5,005 Clinton (City district) _ 9 115 883 Fort Dodge .. _ 4 134 431 Fort Madison 3 44 200 Kansas: Chanute 15 430 1,088 897 Eldorado _ _ _ . 10 282 Hutchinson _ _ . _ 5 198 1, 105 Independence _ 7 99 483 Lawrence 6 247 400 Manhattan _ 12 203 923 Newton _ 8 282 953 Parsons . . . . . 8 257 161 Kentucky: Fort Thomas .. 5 105 525 Maine: Augusta. . . _ . _ 4 121 637 Bangor. ...... .. 1 12 442 3, 550 Rumford ... . _ _ 5 1 66 1,416 1 See footnotes at end of table, p. 162. 160 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 19. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance data, and current expenditures, in night and Americanization schools, and summer schools, city school systems, 1 937— 38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued Night and Americanization Schools Summer Schools City Number of— Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion Num¬ Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion Supervi¬ sors and principals Teach¬ ers Enroll¬ ment ber of teach¬ ers Enroll¬ ment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Massachusetts: Athol _ _ _ 2 20 $350 Attleboro . _ _ _ _ . 2 34 148 Beverly . 2 18 602 5,491 3, 539 5, 359 672 Dedham. _____ . . 13 297 Gardner.. . _ _ . 1 6 349 Greenfield _ _ _ 3 55 Leominster. .... ___________ 5 76 694 Marlboro _ __ . 8 213 2,202 Methuen. .. ... _ _ _ _ 1 7 117 3, 647 2, 530 146 North Adams. _ _ 1 21 443 Northampton.. . . 1 7 Norwood _ _ _ ___ 1 197 2, 833 3, 454 2, 334 1,993 922 Peabody . . . 1 1 155 Plymouth. _ _ 1 11 199 3 93 $336 Southbridge _ ._ 2 15 217 Stoneham _ _ _ 6 148 Webster... . . _ _ 2 124 442 Wellesley _ _ _ __ __ 11 148 1,841 5 48 2, 061 West Springfield. _ _ 10 230 2, 324 920 Winchester _ _ _ _ 3 116 Winthrop ... _ ... 1 6 263 831 Michigan : Ann Arbor . . . 1 15 500 4, 062 288 Ecorse _ ... . . . . 2 75 Monroe ... ... 6 53 243 Sault Ste. Marie. __ _ _ _ _ . 1 10 216 900 Minnesota: Faribault ... _ _. _ 1 120 493 Mankato . . . . 2 23 219 35 351 1,445 Rochester. .. _ .__ _ 1 3 54 550 South St. Paul _ _ _ _ 19 350 1,587 Virginia ... _ __. _ 34 958 6,630 543 Winona _ . _. _ _ _ __ 10 122 Montana: Billings _ ... (6) 231 Nebraska: Grand Island _ _ _. 12 310 350 New Hampshire: Dover _ _ _ _ _ . . 1 56 (2) 171 Keene __ ._ _ _ _ ____ 1 39 Laconia _ _ _ _ . 10 224 1,211 Neiv Jersey: Bridgeton _ _ _ __ 3 37 530 Carteret _ _ __. _ 1 3 86 1,600 Collingswood. . ___ _ 12 333 1,769 Englewood _ ._ _ __ .. 2 29 420 Hackensack _ _ _ 2 18 367 3,500 17 445 3, 860 Linden ... _ 24 1,234 312 8,079 Rahway. . . . . ._ . 5 1,895 Summit. .. ___ _ _ . 1 24 305 4 171 720 Vineland. _ _ _ 3 37 1,004 1,434 3, 047 738 New Mexico: Albuquerque _ _ 14 544 7 200 1, 300 New York: Batavia _ _ _ _ 10 174 Beacon ..... ______ 1 1 58 Corning — district No. 13. ... ... 6 125 1, 120 Cortland. _ _ _ _ 1 7 262 2, 197 Dunkirk _ _ _._ 1 11 246 3, 099 822 Endicott. _ _ 1 4 161 15 395 2,533 Floral Park ._ 2 65 1,504 122 8, 915 367 Fulton _ 5 6 125 1. 300 See footnotes at end of table, p. 162, CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 161 Table 19. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance data, and current expenditures, in night and Americanization schools, and summer schools, city school systems, 1 93 7-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued City New York— Continued. Geneva _ Glens Falls _ Gloversville _ Ithaca _ _ _ Kenmore _ Kingston _ Lackawanna _ Lockport _ Mamaroneck _ Massena _ North Tonawanda _ Oneonta _ Ossining _ _ Oswego _ Plattsburg _ Tonawanda _ Ohio: Ashland _ Chillicothe _ Fremont _ Wooster _ Pennsylvania: Abington _ Aliquippa... _ _ Ambridge _ Arnold _ Beaver Falls _ Bradford _ Bristol _ Cheltenham _ C oates ville _ Dormont (P. O. Pittsburgh) _ Ellwood City _ Hanover (P. O. Wilkes-Barre). Haverford (P. O. Llanerch) _ Jeannette _ Mount Carmel _ New Kensington _ Plymouth _ Warren _ West Chester _ Rhode Island: Bristol _ Central Falls _ Newport _ Westerly _ Tennessee: Johnson City _ Texas: Corpus Christi _ Marshall _ Tyler _ Utah: Provo _ _ _ Vermont: Barre . . . . . Virginia: Charlottesville _ Petersburg _ Washington: Bremerton _ Longview _ Night and Americanization Schools Number of— Supervi¬ sors and principals Teach¬ ers 15 Enroll¬ ment 629 244 161 1,068 71 218 259 367 485 163 919 41 23 67 268 303 128 115 796 737 105 299 443 21 93 29 291 257 705 364 130 28 146 1, 556 526 Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion $1, 996 2, 279 737 4, 614 518 1,814 8, 016 1, 920 5, 653 823 1,894 279 300 685 245 2, 995 1, 047 1,209 6, 464 2, 396 (2) 2,775 1, 446 2,199" G) 1,042 300 3, 170 G) 1, 712 1, 219 3, 274 4. 182 654 83 6,447 476 Summer Schools Num¬ ber of teach¬ ers Enroll¬ ment Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion 6 7 8 12 71 18 87 445 356 $2, 449 3, 627 3,861 6 7 15 63 142 410 1,425 1,625 2,205 10 167 705 4 7 93 129 500 1,088 31 426 (7) 18 5 220 263 300 400 3 91 675 28 511 8 650 7 113 627 12 253 1,797 14 2 16 4 273 14 182 111 3,308 320 933 1, 410 5 15 3 161 598 52 2,034 2,560 379 See footnotes at end of table, p. 162. 162 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 19. — Number of schools, personnel, and attendance data, and current expenditures, in night and Americanization schools, and summer schools, city school systems, 1 937-38 — Continued GROUP III.— CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued City Night and Americanization Schools Summer Schools Number of — Enroll¬ ment Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion Num¬ ber of teach¬ ers Enroll¬ ment Current expendi¬ tures for instruc¬ tion Supervi¬ sors and principals Teach¬ ers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wisconsin: Appleton _ ... _ _ . 3 76 2,293 $11, 650 Ashland _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 11 355 io 1, 527 Beloit _ _ _ 2 47 2, 763 io 15, 810 Eau Claire _ ._ _ . 1 36 830 4, 679 Fond du Lac. . . ...... 3 68 3,293 5, 533 Manitowoc _ 3 48 2, 118 8, 676 Shorewood (P. O. Milwaukee) _ 1 87 3,331 io 41, 375 17 528 $3, 823 South Milwaukee. .. _ 1 32 633 3, 940 Stevens Point _ . . _ . 1 18 1, 153 io 6, 735 Two Rivers _ _ _ _ _ 1 28 1,499 4.810 1 39 208 Watertown.. ... . .... _ 2 27 749 3, 994 Waukesha... _ _ _ _ _ 2 43 1, 194 9 6, 335 Wauwatosa. . . . . _ 1 26 625 io 12, 975 Wyoming: Casper _ _ _ ... _ 1 10 319 3, 751 7 136 865 Cheyenne _ _ .. 1 37 999 7, 189 8 143 825 1 Average daily attendance. 2 Included in day-school expenditures. 3 Includes extension activities for adults. ^ Statistics of 1935-36. 5 Includes $1,735 not itemized as to purpose for which expended. 6 The Eastern Montana Normal School provides teachers at no expense to city. 7 Geneva College provides teachers at no expense to city. 8 Cost of supervision only. Temple University provides teachers at no expense to city. 6 A total of 19 supervisors and principals was reported for summer schools and are included with teachers as follows: Hackensack, N. J., 1; Kingston, Oneonta, Oswego, N. Y., each, 1; Ashland, Ohio, 2; Beaver Falls, Pa., 2; Cheltenham, Pa., 1; Haverford, Pa., 3; West Chester, Pa., 2; Corpus Christi, Tex., 1; and Shore- wood, Wis., 2. ■r Includes other costs as follows: Ashland, operation of plant, $144; Beloit, operation of plant, $1,700, maintenance of plant, $800; Shorewood, operation of plant, maintenance of plant, and miscellaneous ex¬ pense, $16,743; Stevens Point, maintenance of plant, $1,213; Waukesha, operation of plant; $300, mainte¬ nance of plant, $100; Wauwatosa, operation of plant, $183, maintenance of plant, $841. Table 20. — Taxation , valuation, debts, expenditures for debt service, and value of school properties, 1937-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 163 Value of school proper¬ ties (thou¬ sands of dollars) SD 10, 835 13, 900 159, 806 y, ouu 42, 126 22, 129 13, 590 18, 764 8, 297 9,831 51, 496 10, 040 236, 349 7, 051 Refunds and other expenses of debt service 2 $9, 434 i 1 | |l 1 Redemp¬ tion of short¬ term loans $92,000 1, 000,000 ; : 22,454,530 s CO 1 Q Pay¬ ments to sinking funds e* is is § Interest paid from sinking funds N !. ! | & W ption of ids From sinking funds - $659, 644 Redem] bor From current funds £ ! 621, 678 2, 957, 259 470, 425 261, 625 977, 000 477, 500 1, 032, 000 590, 895 294, 356 1, 968, 500 105, 000 g £ S j£ § o Total amount in sink¬ ing funds !■ 4, 046 l 1 i ! 1, ic4 V 12, 782 3 AND Si Funds ands of d 1 Other forms of school debt 00 50, 769 36 e 3 5 o n § School bonds out¬ stand¬ ing | 1 a ilsil 1 Si os' os'oo'o'co^h' tC co oo 8 1C 8 Sf: - g Percent valua¬ tion is of true property value | CD £ 88888 8 §8 70 100 100 37 35 lz Property ment (thou¬ sands of dollars) 1 lisle i 113 1 1 e 11 s Sl’l’S'l 1 m 2 1 1 0 r-T - > o California: Long Beach _ _ il : § il II Colorado : Tlftnvp.r Connecticut: Bridgeport _ Hartiora. _ _ New Haven Delaware: Wilmineton District of Columbia: Washington Atlanta _ Illinois: Chicago _ Peoria _ _ at end of table, p. 191. Table 20. — Taxation , valuation , debts , expenditures for debt service , and value of school properties, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP I. - CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION AND MORE - continued 164 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 165 m s -82 fS lsss*!l ooac^cc ggggsgs g§|g|^g| II ®SS82®2 2*88238* 22 i ism g 8 2|S22 2 2,980 2,711 is : i i ! !!! j i 1 i mi 10 123 2,010 2,124 3, 724 632 962 45 1,280 498 [ 12, 031 85,041 182,557 26. 392 15, 996 ; : : : j j 1 i i Is | i iif il i i isr i i 413, 100 841, 175 490, 909 340, 471 1, 309, 231 475, 030 373 5, 383, 328 2, 651 240, 000 400, 720 ji oo», uot 341, 650 16, 078 13, 907 29, 020 100, 627 2, 906 6, 217 ' j | i £ ill i i : * ' i-Tua" i : i CO i*Ot^ i i i ! i i 229, 971 ! 1 ! — 822 134,000 1 i ff i ' j | |!| i i i i i ii : : : 1 ii ; : ; 1 ! 1 j | mill mm ii i 3,549 1 ' ; $1,392,271 ! i i§ : ! §*| § it I i j || i i ii i i i i * is i i j : : i : i ! i 1 i i 1 33, 000 474, 867 II 1 : : : : : ; 396, 000 1, 337, 250 76, 000 620, 229 106, 250 144, 000 218, 000 in iiiiisi siiism ii i iigii i fgf mimm mmm m s iiiis § 1-72 i-H i 00 CO CHI 888 CO C O X(NNCN ) CO 00ON 00 > 05 CM 00 t-i iC > O CO CD CO 00 5 CM CO t-h CD CO iO C d’SABS- g»2"3 g^3c£®3 " “"3 .2^ eg i > o > a jS'l A( c§ t it« i ° » 0) w rt ^ sls-g® Ah ! O 8 < • ho o oo o o ^ 13 ^ ^ c cl O g 000500 OOCOIOHO CM t— CM CM iO CDOOJ^ 05 ^ 1-H CD HO 00 CO 00 lO CM 40 CM CM t'— CO 05 ^ 00 40 05 00 00 CM CM OOO O 00 40 0 1-T ooo cm"c ~ r^COt^CD OONNHrH cO IOC 40 CO Tf< t t-h CM CM O 40 o o ooooo »0 r— I 00 40 40 CO 40 CD 40 CD O CM t^OOOOOOt^ CDN OOO OT £ fl ,C « c3 O C w ‘ ce^ o o 3 a> •“S M o O l 2: OT 5«i!is!l •S£sS!.St* SoMSlZJsaQHAHtHCG^cc Ah m cg E-i £ I I £ is I GHOUP II. — CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 167 1 SI II SSslsiSSIIilg 1 .-I L- o ?3 isiSBis E g II sISSs * V ,c=^'»; §.-sg til in ! 238687°— 41 - 12 See footnotes at end of table, p. 191. Table 20. — Taxation , valuation, debts , expenditures for debt service , and value of school properties, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP II. - CITIES OF 30.000 TO 99,999 POPULATION - continued 170 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 171 SIS gSg£3ggS5533 i§II illilsl gSSSSSSiSgSESIi § Si§ CD Vco' eo^tCco^rtCwaTorof^'io' c*tot^t^' ^ •o'socftC ciV-Tt©- II1S ii Vd>oor ««r 88 8 8 00 >d 88SS 28888 888S8888S88 888888888 88 8882 828 SSS32 22 2882 c38S 8888 88 2822 28 im <2 $5 S g dWH s >» 22 ..6 6 g& slll|llllil||l|ll||||lII|l«|ll|sll|lllIlDClllll \k iKW at end of table, p. 191. 176 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 177 issgssisiassg^Jisss ns ummsm §gg§s£g§g3iss rHr-T ,-T eiVT -TrHciH r-T r-T t-T o> 00 «o ^ ^ o' ao oo tC oo cf «o eo : : g : ;22 con? 88 -Id 8£ •>*© S88 gSSSgSggSkSgg ei « m co Tji n! « CO (N ^ jo woo coo tot SSglil I 82§ t>T 00 CO CO 05~ I>T CO ao" Tjf o i : 88888888888 CO id «d to coco to to 8888 ^ to coco 883823 ^cdoicd^cb 2328 88288888888 88888888888 8888 ^o^oscooj^ SSSSSS^^SSS 8888 88*2 288828 8 oo oo oo oi to o oc 88 r4^- I > i I i ! ? oicoE Hi ! ! jjjtf i i i|l j if : . fl!i||lgl!lllli!. ajS^iooflmislS^^nowi & ll iipjji * V fc fe at end of table, p. 191. 182 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 183 g§33§3§3ggl33§SS13 ill §11 lSS31§lg91§i&E3S lisiss ft i-X ft t— T t— T ft 00* ft ft NNHHHNMfi N ft ft WIN HH^rtCO ft C^fT CON | 1 5 1 o ii 1 § ii 1 ! 3) SS il is is ;of i 1 M il I JO : ii § | i jl ii is » CO i i 1 i 15, 381 11,000 3, 000 ;©~ » ! : ! | 1 j ! i 1 49, 500 27, 000 s^s's'ssWrr^ssVs' ess !§s® ^g“s“8?|s^as^s"a‘^ j 3 : 68 5 44 121 is j<8 i i i i j i i • i i $5 ! TtH i ! is i : i» O i lig83§il3gi5§8SS$§ 8^8 SiSSS5aS§8§s§i8i §11111 r-^t-HrHrHC^rH H tH *° i— T i— T at end of table, p. 191. 184 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 lolliilM K O ^ O IllllSlslIglllllilssSllsI i-T rH^.O%H'r4'r4WcN «HHM CO~ > M.Sfl E isa-s-s > c3 O^il P Q£ p s b£ a.g-g 2^ n £.s.s »8 SiSf ag-s &n iliiliiiiiliiiislliillisi c32- P i w P bC’O o.S a a p « t- Oja 0.2 g' sisissgssissisEsssssisgia CO t— T esf rH rH i 3 fl P £ 3 > S .2 ■— G’oS >-S«s 2 > i , s S.-H.S £ GS PS o o SS2 pS sgg PH ^ Q, 2S22£g3S$g2g83SS2g3gggS8£K cooo6e^oo5i>3oiojo3jot^i^j^eot^t^05050o>-it^coooe4 gill'll! Ilf SIS S^OOOOOO^hPhPhGG CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 185 illlisili! Ili§ !S5SSS§3!S£SgS§3S Si§§i§gf&§§i§| i— T H csf rH « r-T rH H H r-T t— 4 rH H d d H rH t-H HH rlN rH HH rH lO I s' II S'"' S| 1! Is as al If m -ss s' liiiiiiili iili ilillilliilliliil 1 8SSSK“S8“SS“ 111 II SS8" S“S“ g § °>®8 gli§|g!i§! !s3! lSHIggaS8e§ES!g8i IlllllSglillsg ill t— i rH i— < CO' Egg gggg ggggg gg £gggE ggggggg 5 iils§§§3§ a s 3*^2 a“ *s® Ulsllli^ililllsl ggg§g§3gS§13S§ §§ -2-- rf2fc-fc“rf^gfsfas5sa“ £s" gggg gggg ggg i ggfegggg gggSgSgg SSggg gsssggg s oioirin ■* 'tfj | (N:0§3 jd«|o'3>sss.BUpH igcsj jgg^.s lll!3ll!g||!llIsl3lllIUl!MlllIleIliI!S!lllIl!I3I ft. s § w] S2; li ;<£ & 238687°— 41 - 13 at end of table, p. 191. 186 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 187 iisnssgigiisssggiggg signing t— T «g g gs il ss5 g2 li §8 li eoeo SI 5® S*rf II SS Sgf^S lililiilgiili iiiimii i iii-iiiiiiisiiiii s8"sfs“sfe‘s?*-“^85^8“ fc“^“£“££g“®“gs 3 ;g^2fe^‘sg2N's«§ggfe 33 552 82 3 g £ 33383°° 838 3CS3 23 gg 88 88 Sgg g :3 88 5 ;8 SSi!§iiS8SgsgiS8iS8Ss iisiigSii lislgllllsllglill® 88838888 ;2gggg52g8282 888223888 823828882888882888 IsiliiSlilSSSisilSigg liiSISisS igliillllllil-llil «V^«V®VgoaV>VV^NVoVo N^tora®o® 3 nT d®gwMNV^VMVo«5M«§ciw : : : : °88g§o8o8g8S8oo8ogooS 888888888 888888888888888888 -'S3g2®ggd2?33S22gg22Sg 28£2ggd28 22g228828382882288 llillll s * : ;0° jfCpqpqfqUUQOOOOCJUUO at end of table, p. 191. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 189 II 1111 1 IIS IIrIISI Hill Ills !§3§3iS$SSg §SI2s -r i-r ,-r ef-? -r h of of h r-f i— r r-Tr4\-r ,-.vr S8 11 Sg 2 1 38 is §5 '' i :g? la «» sf s s& mi mu '°'8'8or £sss8s 111 11 jgSJS' 8- 1 §®g&S33 ;g 1 si siiiiis ini® lags iiimii! gg 8 :gg K £8 8828882 ; :ggg S :S8 8gggg£88g88 88888 II 1111 1 S5S illslll g§§§§ 1 ill SgSgllglglg 11111 soao <-f»rao«o to o oi of cc edofodofoo oo icfrff to't^'ofofoT^h of'o'oTod'o' oo^'oft>r^' S £ 2gg ggggggg r-5 'coco to oo oo © O cf cd s 3 ggggggggg i— ' cd »o .-' oi ,-i r~ -2822 SS~22 ^ ggggggggg~8 88888 to 00 oi of t-f >d to 00 >d t*f OS 1C t-f -f I " ; ! ;§ i :#l!is:f ||!J? :=Os; :^s JcESg plllil ItMfii 1! I liflfl ipl ffiJfJIfll ■ S«- I I s§giic!!j! ouflflcKc,_(3; See footnotes at end of table, p. 191. Table 20. — Taxation, valuation, debts, expenditures for debt service, and value of school properties, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 190 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS ss-i 8 sill © o CG GG 192 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS sa I 1 a llllglllfi ill Sil 15 is sllsss sISSsll m s 3 1 gifissiii iif m §8 tf iiis'ii mmm cf« M* u$ « oV» eio'eo «’to n nWh'mn eOTftC-TioM^r 637, 367 1, 228, 036 56, 348 250, 910 886, 317 : i j 575, 157 1, 002 i ; 177, 083 451, 830 275, 156 188, 460 1,399 3, 643, 001 4, 210, 141 42, 668 335, 806 274, 267 915, 679 667, 513 126, 266 52, 272 565, 090 475, 888 21, 672, 581 2, 710, 937 339, 715 2. 248 8, 427 4,755 il i rH i | 1 US 1, 859, 732 91, 348 204, 012 : i 1 i ^ 1 Is i ji Is i ? : 1 7,979 591 2,233 51 2 1 r-TlO r ; 3,221 12, 836 1,039 1 i I Is ! c is 1 ii i§ 59. 300 650, 000 285, 000 60, 000 1, 779, 408 93, 100 I 1" 504, 664 423, 680 153, 273 118, 441 41, 628 25, 200 230, 303 i! il 8 'f II |S' S § III 3 S' g'SS™ lISIs Sis 1§I II s IllliS II 2- -a ill tfSsf ||' s' rf-as‘s'«' g‘2‘ lili S'S'''"-' II i B 1 s §!§&§£§ 3 i sll :s 1 is! 22 S£8§g g 3‘S‘ S' S' S CD c<5 jo 00 |g 3 i “rfs ia S" -'S' ggg fSS ii ! ss i i il i i : Si 1 i i IS i ill II isil i s il i IS jjifjjj !8 § : i il : §11 m ins' i O' 00 : | | “ gi Is"! tc^r o' 8§9 1| of 00 I II II il r t §i 2i of ills S -o ocf § is 15 i III 11 Ills issis siSslllls o co cd of o o i-Tof of of of of i r-Trt' , idV-T of of cT of of 1 i sills Is ilSSI 18 1 1 i i il §1 is jiissi igisssiii g i Ste'-’-S ;-'g SSSS"5' ^ •' : i of CO . ■ coofedod'-r 'of® «o‘»-f o' o & iiiiisii ggs i is i [8 SgSgSSSg 288 5 88 | S8~ I I 3 i$ 88 § illiiiil Sssii §§ i iSs il lii^isiisgisssssisg 1 lliliiw ill'll £§ I rn?, M l¥S§llfiillssSiil§S¥l| M I ill : ; : i i i ; i : i i-s ! : i i ; ! ; ! ! Mi M INI ii issiiiii mm 1 § ill is sail ii SS |§||||S| S2g“ of sf §§}§? sfs sass' 8^38S|882S8 : See footnotes at end of table, p. 219. 198 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 199 SSsSIssslfgsllslS ISISSISSISSS IsSl ISIHSg SIIIIS1 &g&9i8§8&£f3fg iSis'gigllSsl SlSlSsl IlissSl NHHHHHHH y—i HHHH t— < C* *-T *-T CO* CO* CS' C^T 1-T CsT T— T r- T 3i§§s§g £sf 1111 ssgs sii§§ssii§§§ i 11 2222 ISlisSi s*S* S* ! I oo : : H33 2 *s 8§l cd ii o' sf sf i Si ISSlSsl S2S2SS2- S33i§g3333S§13S88 Sgi§il|gl2ig |§i£ gS^Sf ”«Sg 22w‘“2~3 S Sw| ISsi Jgcogoo § §is!8is fS ^282^2 855 461 195 986 743 37 242 310 030 220 467~ 647 881 244 1 i"l il 3 : Sill i i !i :i g is 1 is 1 : j i Sa‘ ss 2 i§£ 22 S5 s' i“f oo' ' ®»Va : : ;-h' y oo' :«■ j :«r ; :i!i Sl§|gslil :gl!l!sl ; i IS i is i :i is i i illSss lllSssl isisiisis 'p*m& \ ; sg j |i i s ;i|| ils^I §WS‘S‘I lllisliliilililii iillilssilSs sill iisSsiS |gsis2^ mmmmmmm mmmm* mm i§w*-§ mmm i 1 i 1 i 1 i i ii i ii i i i i 1 i i! i i i i i- is i i i i i ISisllS ill i i i i I j i i j I i i itf i ;s N 1 1 1 i r i ! jj;j*i j ! i ; s||ssss‘ is 3 i j I i IsSsSilllgSSissig SslsSIlilssi IS1I slSsill S1IIS11 iWaW^ll^Slil ”¥§'§WlWs Ills Sllllll SSIII'li See footnotes at end of table, p. 219. 200 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 § t-1 a, c3 1SI5I11I S IssssISSsISgssall g |sl6llfs 1 SgSalWlsSlllilSs; i Cash bal¬ ance from previous school year $59, 075 3, 115 ' 18, 138 38, 895 1, 797 62, 420 98, 454 61, 922 407 296, 481 420 9,741 25, 597 oy, 143, 600 434, 906 56, 188 141,631 7, 074 729, 541 898, 446 137, 275 22, 907 80, 618 101, 438 Nonrevenue Receipts From all other sources - 1 * ! i! i i ii i i i< 1 o' is IrH is j w 1 ! Is : 2, 060 i Sales of property and pro¬ ceeds of insurance adjust¬ ments ® $4, 690 ! ;i i i** ; III i l i ii HI 7 U 3, 201 i i i i i i 6,432 656 5,843 2,270 415 5, 173 78 542 Loans and bond sales - !. $34, 000 154, 951 157, 456 § JO 'Mi-H 1 -2 375, 000 |1 35, 000 141, 731 230, 700 262, 500 963, 466 201, 064 195, 000 247, 001 110, 000 80, 000 129, 200 Revenue Receipts From all other sources 00 $168 1,586 7,767 8, 771 6, 872 8, 871 6, 376 10, 061 slslISlIalSssIgll S M««5eVMMVHNwgVccijV ^ From local sources Other school districts for tuition ' ’S2: : j ? is 3 i I IsISlIlSSSISlsIls 1 Taxation for debt service o $132, 480 y7, u?y 103, 238 102, 041 167, 901 52, 944 236, 325 99, 375 430, 968 i is i 1 i ii i is i Is 1 ig j :§§ ;i 189, 856 154, 159 General property taxes and appropria¬ tions $185, 454 201, 982 252, 446 132, 675 587, 524 345, 678 318, 613 278, 036 170, 138 1, 018,914 1, 281, 561 653, 257 665, 696 660, 004 1, 477, 342 680, 450 668, 843 981,625 955, 273 756, 196 900, 031 538, 451 644, 020 1, 417, 266 537, 927 735, 457 844. 502 From the county - 600 ‘0S$ ! !" ! 2, 130 | ■ From the State (in¬ cluding Federal aid re¬ ceived through the State) e* $201, 750 llsISSI 1 sSsIli!§Ils2sl!si I mmm i * Amount received direct from Federal sources - ! I c ! !, § is 1,816 >» O 1 Ohio — Continued. Marion., _ _ in e warn- _ _ Norwood _ _ Portsmouth _ _ .. finrinnrfiAl/I - _ Steubenville Warren _ , , 2 Is & g|| Pennsylvania: Allentown _ _ Altoona Bethlehem _ Chester _ _ pjastuu _ _ _ Harrisburg _ J-La^ltJbU JLl__ __ _ _ Johnstown. _ . Lancaster _ _ jjower ivienon (.u. u., Ardmore) .. McKeesport _ . New Castle _ rNUlTlsLUWU Upper Darby . . Wilkes-Barre _ vv imamspuri _ York _ _ _ Rhode Island: Cranston (P. O., Providence) . _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 201 238687°— 41 - 14 Table 21. — Receipts and balances , city school systems , 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION — continued 202 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 203 slssSiSglll slsaS lillSIsilSlililS sfalsslls §1 11s SlilsWiW SlilS SslSlslSlSlilgii SSSS'alifsl Si SIS' — T— T _ T sisillSIlSl lias |8-‘8‘2g“|S9's SSS3S? %n a 8 88“ !!!!!!! i ! ! ! ! ! : : : : : : :s : i : : : : ii ill isi ii | | jE i i : IlilS i ii gg ^ :::::: ior :: : : : : ; ; : ; : : i i i ; j i ; ; | : -rveo«5of : : :^r HIO | as 1 ,-T SI 11 I- X sf* sill ill! O of OS CO 8IE*SS§SS1 s- IIs I Of iiigg ii isi -*38 83 ~ ii i i i in i i l§|gg Sill Ills IS i is 675 775 243 022 ! 1 i : :3 : ! *a ! 3 ! : : i I*5’" i j ■•jfooooaoof eooo’rH ;hm : is osi-T iC : i i®* i :« | ! In ; \ iaiiS mm si i ill i isii !ss3 ! i i i i is i i i i i i i i 'rtf :88a3 83838 s'a i IS” i i j j j jsf j i j j 1 S i i i i i I iisgllslsl igasS sslifgallSslSisi SISslsSsl li lag 1 issgWgssR sssgs Igis'iSlafllilsIl s's's'ssssss far sEg :1s iS il N SS 1 i i i is is il i i i i i ss s | | j : j of : ; ; : : : sliliSSIElS SI llsSlsSlilBSslIs Islliills IS 1 is ||8S3§gS§‘SS *o of ascoootoo'^'orodt^'ui'ojgt^'cococo' S3S8SS8SS '"‘3 3 : Bee footnotes at end of table, p. 219. Table 21. — Receipts and balances , city school systems , 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued 204 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 205 iiiS&Sg l§SliilSllii!gS5lgpSg SSI Slig§l§lli§§ §I~ mmi msmmmrnmmmm m mmmm m 82 !“« O SSSSSSSSiSlSSgSallS! Ill ~llg§i2§lii« S 2 S 3 28 § S g 8 S gs 3 8 §3£gfe 85 2 S 8 fe'gj# §38 gfgf 2 8 SIS IS* saSSS"Ss!lls!! COO i-H CO* OhVh* ££ 8!S i388SE : ~ S 9S S ii * ! U I i eo : 11 S8SSSI *9" gg eo Si asf : : : Si s i il i II 1 ins i i i il 321 578' 391 125 280 253 290 gal ISSSSSSSiS ii iftl i ',r* ' **sf ! cTco -3 - 388 i- ;eooT 2l il il iiiiSsi 111 Illlliils SIS SI5SSsl§ i ill SsS is • csT ooVooToh oT^VT ifi'cojo'oocoort^'c^' IO»M «o^«co~oo^»eoeo ! leg us tC^- 11 :1 S?Sf !* isS 883 SISiSS gss&ssg S3~ 28 si SiS" SISII ii 38S83 83 IlSIlSi ISSiiSSSiSsSlSSSISliS 111 gSissISliali ill 1S1 ^SMSMJ §23 I I ^ g SilSSgi !SS!§SSIiiS8SSS!iSiSS SSI ISsiSISiSIgg 1 § g g" g g g £ g 2 3 g 3 g S3 2 g S 8 SS g eo’Vc* oJ-oodo^co^odco rf i | ; ; ; ; ; ;;;;;;: i : S’ o !fapu ._L„ i»«^l i m J(s5cjo5£oS!|.J>JtjSiiSZ;;z£w>sC « • tSfg* SB$^3' III ssil!!!|il|ill IJ: 206 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 207 ISSsiSSI §HSi8ggg|§igg|$8gi3g§§§ISSil!!s51ISIi!Sgi II «o i i Si r-Teo IS 81 i§!§-=issssi r-T HO gCr^tOn* sgsSsSsl rH i— T iiisii « IS SI II o‘n " SS1I1S i8S IrjTo 1113 ISlsi s s' ! i i is il i 111 111 Il 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 ; ; i ;. jss i i i is i sfs ;$S" issf i : I ! ! ! | ! : : | 1 i i i i !sk i ! i j i j j ; j Isf S11SI831 Slilg8salllll8III8slsegSilllglgllg2lli§ll Slls's'S'S's a^ili^lagSWI^^SlW^^f^Ss^ss'S 208 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 CITY SCHOOL, SYSTEMS 209 llslsillgg SlllllSIIis SellillSIgS IsISS llslll § IflglillSS ISsSSsSsSsg llSigWllsl ggg§s' ls¥l§S f ;S5S‘ SESiig 111 S2Sfg|g £i§ ii llilsiillSi §g§i§ £S*I11 s 05 2 8§§88 S^sSS" g *11 ill ! ill i M M M i i i i i i i i i is i i i iii i i i . . . CO • i i ! isa i i is j j ! j 1 -*s j“isf i ;*«*“ i j i j j i i j iii j j j j ! p i i i i ; ‘® iiigiSasli 51111111111 IlillllliSl *§!!! a§§||3 g sgs|gg|g|| ggsssg & i i i 1 ! 1 i is 1 ii ill!! ill SSI ii '2 i il i il§l i i i Mill i i i ; : J ; : ',-g : ; OONN JOO MHH |o jef j ia i sVa'g i 1 i j i i i g- iisiisii ii ssgiiiiiiii iiinisiiis mu mill i g|gS“855SK !g gfs‘S“J5SSWs“?f85 S‘S“jfS^SSS"SJ55 Sf8~£S"S ooooo* £ See footnotes at end of table, p. 219. 210 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 211 IIsls51ll§sslS311sl8I ill isl lllsSlllSsIgsillSISs! i i i i i M i Is i i i i i II II 1° Is 1 1 11 1 ill! i 1 i \m i i ! i i i ! ! i ! j ! ! j ! ! j !« ! j ! ! 1 j o i j j* 2 i i i i j ; | i i ; ; i ISglSISlsSsi NWffiV(NO | cs 1 locoed tcs- « 1S1§1~ tCrji-^'r-Teo Isill gstesfsf nisi &sgg :ss Sll «ss « 11 8?S“ l§i!slsili§iSii§ssig§l 111 Sll §§g§iS§lilii§g»gigl§i i i i i ii i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i ill i i i ii Ii Is I M 1 M i i 1 M i i i 1 i ; i i |s n i m n j j i j i : i 88 i : j jeo |eo iof : j ; j j : j ; ; : j : : : ; iiliSilS ggs$s-g£ 3S8SSSSSSSSS IIS III SgggggSgsSSSi !§S^feSKJfg2gSg| |§3 §552 Sg‘2f||||Sgg§gg SiSSSgg Sgsrgggg ii s i! : : : i I aftifil li. : o o 2 i o ;fc .2.2 ;gg : IS'SJ OfiWf isiitlilfi cccokh^w^s £ £ See footnotes at end of table ,p. 219. 212 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 213 glgllllsss gSsl lillIlsSllSlll3SS llSSilSSlllllilgl slsSSlssS'S Sssi iWlWillSSWlSsl lW§§¥lls§illlgll Ill-SglSIl sis® SslsSslsliSllll CO 00 CO V V CO C1* lo'gco-i7 V»0005^05t£CO'co'©WTtj'V'V'oo' ! ! i i i ! ! i i ! ill 11 !-i is is I i ill i i ! Sc !l j is i i Si i is i i ;;;;;;; ; ; «o «= 05 CO* j u r* :« ; i is" ! i i sss ; co~ ; 1 eo'r-T ! ii | |S5 i i SE§a3£!£S«§iig3s£ 83 S ~ 2 3 S3 S3 S 8 S' 'S -r3 %d S is •o !cf ii il i i§ : ; ; i il i III IS ;2§ i iSi is : ii ii :§i!I i i ill ; ii! rff8 |S j !- i i i : | ag$ is issg i j'-i & i \$ is :»S‘|§ j i as : ; :s§® §81 :58 mV :V sSSlisssSSS llss SIiS!§sl! oVmo VV 3S‘8 See footnotes at end of table, p. 219. Table 21. — Receipts and balances, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued group hi.— cities of 10,000 to 29,999 population — continued 216 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 217 g lag! 8888883 i§§IS §!£§ lillg9gSSgg§g31iSI§g|SSS g iiii iiisi mi rnmimmmmmmm 1 lll£ iilgiig ggiig II I £gfafg ^arfs^ 2§sr§s * s i ig : is i i isS :S 31 il !2 i M i i i M i i i ill i i Is i i ; '!§ S i i- i i ; 1 1 o 1 IrH^H \~4 !h 111!!! : ; • p ! ;::;;; i j i i j n<* ii ; i i ; ^ 111 -sd isisiisi 111 Wt^CO 1 MM M Ml i isill i i i i is M ! 1 1 Is is 1 1 lss8s is I is i | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; i iiii iiii i T— T | | i ; j 00 1 1 5 ! : : : : : : i i i Mi i I’M MM i iiii i : : ! is i M !g i ii 1 1 ill I i i il i ;§ ii ii ii ii i i i i i i i i s j i : S : i \$ \ is i i ;*§' i 1 i 1* i i i i is is if is :§■: i i i i i i s§s§ SlSSgS cf“ ss‘"a«s §!S sg5 ie§ii lSIIIglei§ll-IilSS : (Dm® ^rH ! !»OH C^rHtCcO >2-5 oi« O E a a" 2 o o o 8 qS O £.« n a ill S. §§£ liiiiiil l§isl§siSS illl gffe!§|S^f2£5g2 |2gg gggg SSftfStfSSfsft&f g3Sfrf I 111 oT ^N>- gs§»E§ss 0^ = 0- CG >Pn 03 ISllfslIiS §111 gK8‘g|§|gg| SSS"2' 219 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 220 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 221 s“sf 8 I 6 ssssssns l§8 ill II g II * §g§§gg ***£« SSSiSiS tfggsfgjssf &8 §fsf I I - i assssiiis Eig sjFgsff *s* II I II s Hills SSSSsSi -11^3 5g 22 I S 3 3 Sllillilg ssssgg^- lli gs?g ill 233 II I §s s S33SS2 sssfgsis iisiifi s&ggs-s II I I * I IIIISII ^ooccco^^ £*s Ss§ ii i iiiiii iisjisi U g tfgs?g“sf;£ 3||gss^ II m i g i i - s 3iggS8§|g siiiliiiS N GO N O CO 05 111 SIS’ ejV«T now 88 I IISSIS II i li’s’Si’i t'fffi' CO O CO of OOt'NWOOO) csr^ioodio-r^r ""3 46, 509 301, 118 130, 040 52, 109 1,790 85, 036 987, 604 2, 300 209 125, 180 6, 349 22, 314 47, 232 5, 360 1, 922, 278 47, 077 25, 382 51, 895 75, 617 735, 588 450, 549 23, 570 339, 781 357, 144 91, 561 17, 455 37, 536 35, 063 317, 977 26, 494, 788 163, 131 55, 530 5, 262 41, 502 164, 000 141, 000 140, 296 235, 022 1, 375, 621 1 855, 616 158, 500 226, 500 110, 000 246, 000 202, 000 153, 000 120, 000 384,000 948, 781 434, 060 398, 980 1, 337, 250 76, 000 622, 940 339, 634 446, 934 160, 078 231, 907 628, 296 523, 627 264, 756 221, 217 235, 550 1, 918, 750 11,985,888 815, 500 716, 536 166, 612 436, 900 312,988 91, 986 96, 909 3, 179 296, 319 999, 908 322, 318 64, 625 62, 273 18, 650 lllg Hi 838 11 i iiilli ilSglsg ^ us m ss i sum mam g IS I s’g r i ! ! i i i i i | j Pi : ; ; 11, 947 15, 514 35, 090 81, 549 199, 276 13, 317 IS!!! i i is-s'^'s \i is 81 B SI 1 fsllisi SSISsil 2S 5 -S‘||S'S' §‘3|S?E3” O l H ! 29, 649 4, 166 124, 839 is i$ 13, 561 47, 190 10, 810 56, 855 417, 148 11, 685 i 1 iiiSii liSigs! ; ” sssssSjs Si S 1 § gllSlili s’! § S I -Tr-r co- 0- ISIsSII gs|l'i'SR ®^k«m See footnotes at end of table, p. 247. 222 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Coordi¬ nate ii.ntivit.ios and aux¬ iliary agencies iilliils §S 1 glass is ISSs 111 ggg§g'S!'|23 S88 8 ggSsg §f -'S2S' S'SS' General Control Total e* llslllla Ss 1 III1S 1 IIS! g§S gsgs'ss'gG ss s? § ssfcfs Ss's H Educa¬ tional N S3SSSSSS II 1 1 ISIS SIS gaggsssa s's s' SgjfSs s Ss's" Business a $41, 138 11, 767 125, 590 167, 964 27, 570 47, 555 74, 120 25, 963 77, 627 57, 204 98, 037 48, 119 510, 378 458, 546 66, 603 65, 392 65, 580 15, 696 9, 802 25, 646 39, 819 28, 388 73, 972 Total Expenditures Grand total ex¬ penditures o - $5, 619, 132 3, 045, 122 7, 959, 979 18, 805,411 5, 067, 926 3, 656, 554 8,647,514 3, 884, 515 4, 100, 273 3, 144, 378 5, 527, 474 2, 506, 427 50, 157, 706 18, 291,484 3,061,641 3, 814, 726 7, 351, 978 1, 065, 994 1, 467, 182 2, 634, 993 1, 822, 978 4, 587, 046 1, 259, 305 2, 952, 808 Outlay — capital acquisition and con¬ struction 05 $155, 705 54, 546 226, 125 155, 825 11,858 13, 863 1, 156, 763 40, 604 189, 266 39, 340 20, 067 15, 728 11,402, 037 2, 704, 348 190, 856 380, 251 1, 673, 649 3, 086 12, 887 312, 139 301, 874 539, 574 15, 867 185, 050 Debt serv¬ ice other than inter¬ est pay- ments 00 $1, 201, 331 1, 083, 297 575, 578 2, 737, 624 1,012, 160 745, 965 2, 026, 193 818, 575 365, 000 505, 751 798, 498 236, 404 7, 493, 502 2, 051, 913 554, 392 746, 538 565, 000 75, 000 208, 000 109, 000 306, 016 68, 552 56, 465 ► interest paid from current funds $324, 754 260, 919 568, 928 611, 350 420, 079 330, 903 1, 012, 939 96, 775 230, 181 296, 487 303, 988 237, 191 2, 565, 286 855, 514 294, 100 242, 459 634, 718 100, 645 256, 540 101, 145 311,872 7, 325 320, 898 Current expenses Total i 50 $3, 937, 342 1, 646, 360 6, 589, 348 15, 300, 612 3, 623, 829 2, 565, 823 4, 451, 619 2, 928, 561 3, 315, 826 2, 302, 800 4, 404, 921 2, 017, 104 28, 696, 881 12, 679, 709 2, 022, 293 2, 445, 478 4,478, 611 1, 062, 908 1, 278, 650 1, 858, 314 1, 310, 959 3, 429, 584 1, 167, 561 2, 390, 395 Summer schools s il ills Mil iSss i i i i « ;gf I i -'c-' ; j i ; i i r ii i : 2 is Night and American¬ ization schools $11, 428 102, 026 111,441 17, 638 11, 638 22, 437 17, 792 2,914 7, 559 6,815 295, 037 201, 557 17, 215 41, 091 11,616 33, 373 5, 022 3, 041 Part-time and con¬ tinuation schools eo $4, 377 19, 303 4, 275 9,424 48, 062 ii CD • t—l : : s is j j j Full-time day schools (total) N $3, 917, 603 1, 646, 360 6, 463, 802 15, 189, 171 3, 601, 118 2, 550, 828 4, 420, 213 2, 891, 466 3, 308, 637 2, 293, 376 4, 349, 300 2, 010, 289 28, 397, 655 12, 400, 638 2, 000, 237 2, 445, 478 4, 437, 520 1, 062, 908 1, 267, 034 1,858,314 1, 310, 959 3, 382, 223 1, 162, 539 2, 373, 947 1 - Ohio: Akron _ _ __ Canton _ . Cincinnati Cleveland _ Columbus _ . Dayton _ Toledo _ Youngstown Oklahoma: Oklahoma City . . Tulsa _ _ Oregon : Portland _ _ _ Pennsylvania: Erie _ Philadelphia . . Pittsburgh _ Reading _ Scranton _ Rhode Island: Providence _ .. ... Tennessee: Chattanooga _ _ . Knoxville _ _ _ ivieiiipnis _ _ _ Nashville. . _ _ Texas: Dallas _ El Paso... _ _ Fort Worth _ II 1 51 S3 g gg SSI s Sgg | 8s 5 si Ssa s’ ss 311 1 SfSFS? S’ SI S II S3 3 -‘a Sal i g's’s’ s’ IS § Si S'K 8 S’S’ Ill S s's's s’ si s 51 II f II’ ill 1 ail I «QCC -4 1 Hi 2i Iislill§IillBgggiiIg as CSSSSsSS s'SSSsf 8 •o^e* U300 ao o o of oc oo (N of rn nT cd m of ^ eo o -d -d IS ISilll-l I1I1S Is; s ll§ 8g §l§8§33§gls§ggg§fl§§ 00o n-~ of o ad COrjT 2 *OCOCS ’-too cf ico1 .-Tor-T jodoTccriNco ! ' ‘oco'ofc'fof is isliSiS! ISsli IS 1 Hi SI isllSilsillggSiSgSgl is iwssis fliil is s §si 11 eigiiisiiliiiiigiggs i"H r-T T— « t-T TH r-T T— 4 r-T r-T r-T r-i rH HH rH 33, 698 62, 950 115, 829 276, 801 35, 528 212, 306 2, 560 29, 153 262, 519 38, 152 27,611 3, 883 19, 029 8, 112 133, 164 31, 442 20, 180 93, 159 549, 391 29, 426 19, 967 4, 340 6, 633 7,073 s i s\ j j? 1 1 sllllSi i K^RS'S^S : 563 7,557 21, 228 842, 279 92, 082 40, 500 95, 000 50, 000 169, 000 57, 500 35, 000 75, 000 95, 000 110, 159 42,011 153, 000 99, 788 165, 000 42, 000 43, 000 171,214 41,000 62 25, 114 10, 000 105, 026 89, 000 24, 000 204, 500 48, 000 43, 000 113, 000 12, 000 37, 000 119, 000 79, 000 169, 000 190, 000 99, 000 « 290, 000 93, 500 50, 500 54, 000 109, 000 137, 000 IS SSsSRIiS ||g|l 11 | SH 11 illSil sS SsssssSSs K'S'SSS SR R 3'--' s's s'-Ss'^S iiieiiigisiisi | S g 8 S? g S' s S'” S S S SI ISsiisIgs SUMS II i IIS IS IsggliisSSsiSISHigg is iiiliili ilisf ii i ill is Sisi'i'iSlisgsiis'i'siii r-T r-T i-T HH -H !I M M i M ii ! 1 i i i i j j j j i ; j ; i j i js i j Ms II ! ! ; ; IN i ; | ; ; ; j 1 ! j ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !,h ! ! ! ! r-T ! ! ! 8i 1 rH'o>o jo' o‘ « mo" o i'“ ® o n as" o t-"' cc of eo ioi^oo ooTeo oo oocooc ISIIS1 glSlssiiSSs IslsssISHSs i!SI illl ill ISIS © of aT gf oo cf of cj ^h~ eo jo ef d cf d co ifo oft>eo oc oo rfVf® t-f © »> t> -d us cd id umo© SSilil lllUssilsls illilsssllsl SliS sggglls gill Iliali ISglisWlI IssslSilWSf 111! issisl'f sWl ^r_r_r_r_r_r _r _r _r_r_r_r __r _r _r _r_r _r Ills SB”| S 3SI3il of ddcf cf® lies ISSIssllSllI Illl Sslllil 1 :3i SB “ 'f'-‘S3SgS'S3a"Sf <*■*•£$ 8|a“”“='g «*■ :■*<»' Hills 151SII111I1 lsllilslll§l gill SSS'S'gg S8§'§WSS‘Sg8g BS'gSggSgggSg S'SS'8 111 B‘RS‘ g s 377, 904 177, 698 149, 724 381,421 §lsi§l §§! ;§s§S§Sk giilsiialcll sill ISssIls isll 3||gsg SgS :SSBRgSS SS|SS§B'||BSS 2S3| S'g'RSSgg g'SSg ISsggs IgisSIclsll igllllililss III! lilSilg SIIS SSllSg llifgllilli isilslliilil iss'li IlS'lIif 1151 o g-,- g*8frfssrs^s L- CO ill is I II las 1131 Si 11 is II ilisiiiii si SS'8 ”’s 8 s? 8“8 "SS'S s? S'8 :8 s's' 8§'8|'|'|'88| CO i-H i-H CO IIS II S II 111 isil 3 1S3§ li £11111111 55 §83 Sfc? S' 38 sss 85 88 s' tC«9 SfSS'^LiSLS^ li HI So 1 11 Ills isISI K iisis SI SiSsSggls il i'll si g §'! is¥l'i§'§'s 1 Ills' "'s' g'i'S'i'i'S'S'll' ,-T i i : i i ii 1 ! ill ii Ms M i I ; |ed i i N' si ! I CO- US ss ii iillliill COCO CO ® JO® ®~-^W|-h'cOO islslllli ii 3aS II I II IIS li i II Ills 1 3111 li IsliSlSss is§3 i ssig is mmmi 1 k a»j ; til i tTi !is; !§!!! y £lfgg§i I l I Ji a ■plllpl jllSIlIll! See footnotes at end of table, p. 247. 230 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3$ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 231 sliliisSIlsIlSiggl CO OOgf® ■4'oiofcOgfo'^Tco'''^" gf rjT .^T CO o ^lilgplSIlElal Ssisglg jo oficrofgfco ofofcooftfoi i-T i-T^T ,-T 3388883888818388 8131s ^CO~©®eOgf^OO~T^iOOl'ftfcOrf'»0 IsIsISHIkISIIsI o®V«»oo»oNV»dffl>££ IIlljliroIl!li!II!Hi|llnl|| cq^grannoo uoooHfeiw fe^ooWKW o ei U* 22 m 66 •gfcfc QO I CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 233 S8113S83 m -T-T ec IS! 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Sillillilss II i gfs § 13 s!~sl gg9Sai33Ei3§a§ggi£i§ci318i sixains ii i Sf^ddS^Sfd 55^ S2 II SSSiS 8S^lgi33iiig|§aa§iilssl§g§ if SSfsl iiisiSiWlBlsWligSiSSSl SsSSSlslS 11 I iggsIlSIS 5S § 1 I 31 s-e 31 sslSs slsIilslillSSslSIllligsssl IsSlsIlls 11 S If SSfif 3¥gfgfil¥slSWls3liSlSfSl glgilisli 5S S Sec footnotes at end of table, p. 247. 244 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 22. — Total expenditures for current purposes , capital outlay, and debt service from current funds, and expenditures for general control and coordi¬ nate activities and auxiliary agencies, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued Coordi¬ nate nnt.ivit.ip.s and aux¬ iliary agencies 1I111SIIS»1|2SI gslslllsglllls General Control Total e* gsIslSSsllglslS 8188E2S3ESSS98 Educa¬ tional £5 HSiaiilSisIis! lssll§ll§eilSs u3‘io^^^iou3‘t>^r<*r««dod«s Business - IsalsglggSissll ISsBssSsSgsSSS Total Expenditures Grand total ex¬ penditures o siiisissiiisiii ggsiiigsissiis |i s' 1 SI S'i 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 S s’ llllslIlsWlSl Outlay— capital acquisition and con¬ struction - 5, 446 10, 249 838 13, 158 15, 741 9, 643 3, 504 4, 348 2, 246 114 6, 454 120, 788 2, 869 10, 875 5, 842 Debt serv¬ ice other tha n inter¬ est pay¬ ments GO SillislSIEslIsI IllSlllgSlSgll gsssssgs^ssssK's ssRsssgggs'sRsss interest paid from current funds r* glgllllSligllll IsilslSlSIsalS gSS»S28fSS!;“SS8SS g'S'^SSRSSgSaSte'S Current expenses Total CO IIIISsIrIIIIII! glsigiSlalligl iimmaam mmmmu Summer schools - in mil Night and American¬ ization schools 008 — — — ZfO ‘1$ ; ig « j : : : j j 1© M 1 i M Part-time and con¬ tinuation schools e* i i! MM! j ! jo | | ! ! ! ! IJe- ! ! ! ! ! Full-time day schools (total) N sgslgillSlIIgg psisi^sisigii 5 Pennsylvania— Continued. Homestead _ Jeanette,. _ _ Kingston-.. .. . __ Latrobe _ _ Lebanon .. . . . Lewistown _ McKees Rocks . . Mahonoy City _ ... Meadville i _ _ _ Monessen _ .. Mount Carmel _ Mount Lebanon _ i.v A U J I Hell 1 Nanticokc . . . New Kensington _ North Braddock( P. O., Braddock) _ Oil City _ Old Forge _ _ _ Olyphant _ Phoenixville _ JT lb Lol UU — __ _ Plains _ Plymouth... . . . . Pottstown... . . Pottsville _ _ _ _. Shamokin. Sharon _ Shenandoah _ Steelton _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 245 ississi§ni”i 11 SISs 1 m iilisIS !si~i 1 !Ii IIS T»TrirocOtCeO'^d cdi-Tcdcd ed^fed IsBIIsililsI Ss Ills § 111 Igllill Hill ill! Iks iiig'ss?sgiiig a s’sSi i m mmm iw§ mt iis 3, 578 123,311 1,346 3, 771 194 41,463 31, 751 4, 304 9, 185 67, 509 47, 286 1,058 6,012 173 911 1, 349 § 1 111 Si ^jT Educa¬ tional N ggiimi siiisisiii§ii i in i CO CO of CO ^#1 -d 05 CO UO CO tc? CO CO-&CO toV CO CO *d -F id Business - SlslI13S lllsssllllsSS g IS! § ofed^edidiNWoo' to' edio'ed os' Total Expenditures Grand total ex¬ penditures O SSlsclIl isllilslsisss i sSS 1 fsSSsW I SIS' i Outlay— capital acquisition and con¬ struction as $8, 425 2, 581 57, 321 5, 000 60, 563 13, 962 8, 847 ! lllSSlilSIllS S I i 1 r* ! IO Debt serv¬ ice other than inter¬ est pay¬ ments ao 1 20, 250 6,500 463 28, 100 26, 719 80, 000 10, 000 2, 500 10 136, 000 11,000 22, 000 8, 000 13, 500 5, 500 12, 000 17, 076 28, 605 29, 000 s 3 ! 1 paid from current funds $1, 549 1, 141 59, 182 44, 525 16, 028 2 9, 425 ? IsIsslllsgggS I s ssssssasissssssg a 2 ii i s3®~ : Current expenses Total «© $128, 303 134, 716 500, 896 157, 740 71, 627 124, 313 116, 034 133, 175 256, 741 307, 871 178, 278 128, 165 227, 952 154, 399 285, 994 82, 993 159, 311 108, 035 161, 633 209, 078 310, 082 222, 173 148, 816 257, 299 181, 519 253, 078 Rummer schools kG> i is i i i i is ! ; i ; : 1 18 i M 933 1,410 i i j Night and American¬ ization schools 3, 549 Part-time and con¬ tinuation schools ! 1 i Ms M i 008 969 Full-time day schools (total) ** $128, 303 134, 716 497, 588 157, 340 71, 627 124, 313 116, 034 133, 175 256, 741 307, 871 177, 308 128, 165 227, 952 154, 399 285, 994 82, 993 159, 311 108, 035 161, 633 208, 382 309, 149 220, 463 145, 267 257, 299 181, 519 253, 978 City Texas— Continued . Brownwood... _ uieuume _ __ _ _ Corpus Christi _ Corsicana _ _ Del Rio _ Denison _ ...... Greenville _ ------ nariiiigeii Highland Park (P. 0. Dallas) _ Lubbock., _ . Marshall _ Palestine _ Pampa ... _ Paris _ _ _ oa.il AJLigeiO _ _ San Benito. _ Sherman . . . . Sweetwater _ Temple _ Tyler _ Utah: Provo... . . Vermont: Barre _ . Burlington . . . Rutland _ _ _ .. Virginia: Alexandria . . . CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS slsisli ^‘whVm o' rco-odtcororor-r § ii§§§iig§ SiSSIS : SS NH r-ToOOO ! ON aisisgl Wrt-NOTIOIOIO IslSsSlISl llEssllss 5§SslISs =1 <»orf^N“^-'t-.’'OT»rc>i'ro oo co' co t-T oo oo" oo" «o r>T jh eo f-- oo »o co c4 c© cT lleslll co- o of CO CO V 1111111111 tCicT Sllllllll sllSlsll Is to eo ^Tco o cOTf^Vcotototo- CO to Is -- co- o' tjTod ef cfcc^cococoaico V os" I8§ I IS 111 1 S'6‘8" 8 2'S S sis I SI sis I S'g'g S Sg SS'g" g Is s's Ss si s 11 SI! g 8 S8 SS3 S II I rfef S' 1 § *d CO i -*T g I 11 SSI S tC Wrt -^rded id I §i §11 § a s'sf Ss» s' |a| ill Mlhliil a S§ II SsilSSSiillSl 8 Is 1 £ SS S'S 8 3 8 388 S' S 3 S' S' S' S 8 SS S' »_§ N CO $1, 230 3,910 S::: IS | | I i i i g IS » id oo sslli sfsfc?» sill E'a'ss 3 8S •d idtd if SI -=/r ' ® siiii S3S§gf Ills ssss 1 2l os eded i SI 51 IsiSslSiSsla § SS SS S'S'S5'S"S'SSS8S8' 1 11 I Sf SS | g ; v : IS oTed I I IS ** os cd I iiiiiiiginii 2f a u IS §*s8§ 1 ill ed os-«o I sllllllSIlSIl ed o^^'tdor^odcdodci'jHcdos-' SI i I II K 1 -s 6 6 111111 |g| at end of table, p. 275. 252 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 253 ill i£sS£§§i i§3g§ Is I sis II SS2 SSSSS ^g- S gg~ §liiiisillil§liiliii 3 *- sf a s ss s" a s s s s s s“ $ l § gf II Vo ! ii is “ ® s ;ES1 od ufcd't'f linn Voft-r^ufco II us-®- lii ^ef^“ sll ■=sS 11 1 is 11 tV®'®“ efus t>r ® «f Mi i ;iigl§g :il co : jhcT® : IjH cf^oaf.gef 'ootf III ffofod §8 §111= «s sssss- mu § i is SSSi“2 3 2 ssf : 1 1111 1 IS iglsillllll 2 s^assss 8£;S&e23S'S II RlllPasg Hill I g III '1 ”2 ggS*SfSz'e 3“33S ” S 2“" 2 i IlSslIlssilssillll oo g m m eVeV'oo''® cooo'uj'o'rCcfi^'t^'ud co IP ^co 1 i s co r~ eo 1 1 of of £ i : : , ! ! ! j ||: 5 M M ! i i : i : i i i i i i : i ! gg §1 Ill i i 1 1 il : 1 ! IggilS 2 ; ; :-r« : co- of of of ®- ^ i ;Of > , ; of to- CO 00* cf N 8 : III iis : i iSsi 1 : i 1 : §1 is iiiiiig ! t-fof « coVT i : :^rcf«- to : ! of jovr ; r-T 001-^00^^00 ; 2 : ; ; I? of of glllllll od'ffluf'co'cot^'ccuj llsll I I l§3 1 oocd'ufco'ef of ® co* of co" cf I lillllsiiiiiiliiil tjT ^^Ol-Tefo^xTcoro III I I lii il SL . it «^|^HHWaS«EHg i See footnotes at end of table, p. 275. 254 ii ggSgSS3§§§8 II ggg I I IS §s? sis sf s§ s s §8ls sis s s a gsfs $ff g“ g‘s b£ o o o ^°°C3 M II oTr- a OT3 © '■S a t3 cz £ O O ’3 '3 li ss IssSsIgssI I a'a”3823=ss “ III S1”-2 SiSlII I t^CSC^tNC^TH- CO lillil COCO'S r-TtCld !is Nfiio’' llllllslll I co-OT-rof of of id o' tp" la Ms **2 III NH'rf 111 " 2 o SI *300 CO H «oVh“ is m t>f © rfoo !?2 ;!: i f :;:!:; i ; : ;;;; j :;;;;;;; j ! i 3 i i : i 8 : i® ; j j ;*o : : i : i il : ^ : : ■ ■§ : : : : : : :® : : : i : : ;a !1 : :i i ii ; ii 1C O* :li ;l§ ii 1 ’ »— 00 ! C5 So ;ii is llsi co a : ?i-' 00 ! 3 CO CD Of -'cc ItsTtC ID JO CO ; 05- 2 -*<© «o 1 ; tjTofnr® ! ! ;1 gs i «i i il i § llg isssll 11 I ill SIS S i i III! i =s i ia" i 00 | isfsf^sis •OW of 1 — Tf-Tof CC ! ! 00 of 00 JO 1 - ; 05 ^ | iSISa8S82i§SiigS8i Silig§ggg§li HIS slSSiag II I i s^5s“^««^55s‘gtra8‘ss5a tf&asS saaaf®0'®^ aa“ :s : §li|S| SPSS'S iggigiggisis ini 111 II m^of -fef |gi ®ON §1 ^ rC Si .Orff If Cfeo 11 «'* CO 05 SI ThCO § i V CO §1 -*»o‘ si «s^r §15 ;gsns of 05 0 : wV o Tif i i is of co —f *o Sillli sg-sss IsKsilSiiiS ilSllSIslSl? 1IS5 ggm^'cfi'ofVod^cfeo cdcJjh eojootC 111 CO r-fof 11 ~of Hi ©of of ..o ; isi 1 mill ^raraows. 1 i« m i ; : \i j|g : ||j|^ Wfi ilililflilt llpt Jli J r3!|(2li! iil. at end of table, p. 276. 256 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 § g§li§§ §3 sftfsfsStfsgtf 6‘Sf«SfS jjiiiiif "y - 1-1 >o o 3 8S S£§ OS' 0-05- OOOM 5S8sl mVcfoi-ci' I i§ - :gf 15 sfcf I 11 g oo -Too t*T III 5 Pill il liiiiiisl 282 £ S'gggi s‘55 2 III 05 O of t'-' i 1 «o eo iisls S gg| ooVooV -T o-oTco- § §§§§gai8§ o- oomjiVooocc II 00- II CO of I I 2 :S8 co 2 W5 fa 8 © i T B „• *S £ I s ch BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 .S m iv, ® ; \z& !1« !5* S3ill2§ig 33£§gS§ li§§§lgg§§§ *$$***£ rfgf^tfrf«rasirf 83 Jfrf 13 a* »«* ig ii § rH(N r-T mil w-T(n= §§§§*§: jo^jgl^a 111 ~ >;e IC^OC Sl'sfifiliijjll I I a = O "S •• o ^ o ...| 8«a § at end of table, p. 275. 260 a c 3 s i 1 si 2 5 H BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 I 5 I 55 3%%% “S? 5ll?5l8 ■2 3^^ 0X1 £«§§ 8 1-H *0 © O *c 0 0 1^0*0^0 OO^OOOCM OOhHNOJO CSOSt^cOOi »C auS~ at end of table, p. 275. 262 BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 193 6-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 263 at end of table, p. 275. 264 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 265 3i§!i§ SglgSSislll SISssslIlil IsilSI I Slllll oT^oce-cf® oo io co od oo' of eo io o'® rn ao uo ®^oa omWo n®mmV»o « ioinnco'®co See footnotes at end of table, p. 275. 266 ti - '2 ^ S •I r __ — i txi c3 73 o : ! llslisilll 1 : !§ 1 !g§§3S ! 0 — o o M-§ QO ■' ecVNcv^coNco of : :® :«■ :.«>»%* <»%,,•• ! I 1 1-H 1 1 1 : 1 C 00 O cT 00 CO ' *0 0G~ JO CO IsISs ^cc®V^ Ssiiiiisgiii N*»»2gw«Tf®o‘«» CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 267 E§BEi§3§§ssgi§Es§8 in in mmnmmssmmi « •* d d sfs s g0** sfssf ® 1 °"5 § s ses ds^d ggddd”® s^isss at end of table, p. 275. 268 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 269 1111 18§Sigi3§i3l§l s§ii§ co* od co* t~* co* oo i>-* o* ■oi'ao'cgio co* cm* cm* t~- cm* co* cc* cm* co of V th* tC j-h* oo* of co* © co* *«* co* oo* co* ©* o' ©* r~* »o oc* © co >o* co" -o'* ligssiis wm-H“eNM«w I :H ilillll co cm* .comw'cf'C'tV 111! ^*co*co*V I «o ' 1 Is il II j ig © 'ofeo co co >o*co* tjT 1 1 CO* ^* ilii * coco oi I 1 ©* CM* SlllllSg II * © — : *0" co cc* co© IIS co*©: co* I il 111 is is 11 i l>‘ ;© !N*00*^* ~* CM* CM*eO* gg* 11 CMCO* IlSsS I ©*0*^‘tCco‘ IrH* 11 1 ^*co* '©* Ills CO* CM* l--.* CO ill ill 11 11 11 mil ©cO^NjTco* 11 i lll§ ^*co* ©* co*>£?£ c §’ <3 ggggH^- ;il!i ;|g- ! : ^ I „ ill j? ----- Is I® ; ,i Ilf fee m III lllll ill il|l|!l! I! See footnotes at end of table, p. 275. 270 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 271 §51S13g888lg§!888i!Sg33iSl 88g§8331§lS8gS88i 3S§8is See footnotes at end of table, p. 275. 272 .§ a, "e c e -U a — I T3 fc r c.2 o a o Eh w « § 8 lOTClCOOOHiOOlWHHlOOOHONf )lS(0ffl5MM(»(DO»‘0®*0«NT[ O Q 9 o'Xfl > £,.s a is is a 2 §s-|| m ** ^ -m <3 c3 cd 9 £ C o o o r— o *o >o CO >ccoo^ Tf COO^!N o Oi © *0 w wT r-T to to ooSS! CO~ r-T r-T 1 ^3 3 Ooti S 2 O — O 00 of of 88 Oi CO i-7 io O 0> b£) ■£'°F§-p 5 0) flSSI loSl-^l^o g ^.2 "2 fc» £r M ■' - pj»ssjs ill 111 I &s| llllllaii Ifiil 5 P» CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 273 33S§ lislsls §§11§ sill sis® :i§8Sg3i§i§glisiiSi§ I at end of table, p. 275. 274 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEM!* 275 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-3 8 Instruction, Day Schools Total instruc¬ tion $2, 045, 995 2, 904, 997 26, 361, 669 5, 093, 073 2, 522, 593 7, 263, 842 3, 932, 867 1, 718, 749 2, 641,820 2, 132, 631 1, 275, 992 8, 012, 455 2, 940, 408 35, 515, 597 999, 713 1,098, 431 1. 169, 146 1,245, 928 Textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction Total (includ¬ ing col¬ leges, normal schools, and nurs¬ eries) ■| $36, 628 215, 696 1, 217, 646 286, 894 168, 167 353, 917 153, 236 57, 689 98, 554 70, 753 100, 087 300, 787 61, 776 1, 952, 680 36, 722 45, 719 39, 059 31,699 High schools Voca¬ tional and trade $439 1,601 18, 149 27, 236 8,697 g i TfT 27, 780 Regular 4-year or less 1 l ill ;g a : 9, 855 33, 686 22, 532 853, 869 14, 999 21, 947 19, 155 12, 571 Junior- senior eo 1 $4,457 196, 603 45, 954 17, 718 8, 373 j Senior $57, 597 172, 100 58, 527 44, 643 63, 447 53, 306 10, 376 47, 906 108, 522 25, 048 ! ! : | j Junior a $59, 210 304, 596 78, 351 48, 949 83, 220 70, 768 3,681 18, 405 12, 108 21, 143 80, 472 17, 860 6, 084 i i : i : : Elemen¬ tary- schools 1 o i sssii i in g g i ii sis g g'g's's'g a' sss a a s' g's ass' r-7 Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff Total (includ- ing col¬ leges, normal schools, and nurs¬ eries) - I $1, 839, 332 2, 388, 461 22, 412, 074 4, 220, 463 2,111,909 6, 238, 676 3. 339, 868 1, 494, 959 2, 311, 743 1, 898, 131 1, 045, 729 7, 086, 851 2, 578, 208 31, 167, 204 859, 586 942, 577 1, 038, 287 1,058,320 High schools Voca¬ tional and trade GO $42, 793 27, 201 229, 831 163, 671 " 18,~il3 1 s 3“ £ 270, 849 Regular 4-year or less 1 5 r- I 8 iiS S i iBifii h : ; 6 i l Alabama: Birmingham _ California: Long Beach _ Los Angeles _ Oakland _ San Diego _ San Francisco. . . Colorado: Denver _ Connecticut: Bridgeport . . Hartford _ New Haven _ Delaware: Wilmington _ District of Columbia: Washington _ Georgia: Atlanta _ Illinois: Chicago _ reona _ _ _ Indiana: Evansville . . Fort Wayne _ Gary _ CITY SiCHOOI. SYSTEMS 277 IS 1 II I S 1 ISSlIlggS Sg2 US g§ | §§§||| ggggggg s'l 8 is 8 I 1 ilSisiW Igi lSI Sg I ff~ll§ m$MM " 2rH"' O r-T ,-T r-Tcdw 'VOO (N- rtOON >£ M H W i-T .-T ~s£s*3f is : s i S3 ! | .;8 £ : : sign i 1 1 IlliSlI ill III 1 : 11 ii il § il il JH JO of CO CS ! 8 g OfflNMNN® JJgCQ S'g' is !* - :i K IS 3 IS g § s slisslSSs 811 II; 11 384 528 078 194 855 656 474 301 337 391 622 794 827 g‘s £ ”8 s a s' gsssfs'ssssfs g's's sag sg s s'ssgs's a'g'gsr££s‘ 3,698, 594 965, 423 1, 565, 851 1, 031, 523 1, 102, 791 2, 356, 016 2, 992, 261 6, 590, 249 11, 514, 319 1, 313, 370 802, 966 788, 488 992, 465 916, 734 1, 200, 561 1,890,085 2, 393, 018 17, 944, 074 1, 504, 859 1,611, 934 1, 170, 397 5, 231, 234 2, 342, 923 3, 637, 132 7, 220, 535 1, 761, 575 1, 235, 331 1, 298, 843 3, 874, 140 6, 443, 068 2, 091. 216 1, 205, 142 1, 261, 185 7, 412, 625 112,852,319 4, 473, 563 2, 687. 165 1, 141, 194 1 2,644,211 j | | i i 1 § 1 I ; i i : i§ i : s :§ 'il Is ' •s ■ :s : iSKS i il : : : : j : : ar s g | : : , £ ■ , § ig i i ~ : : : ' i : if” aS' ; :K i ;S‘ j m i is : <#» : : § i | ii 18 i 111 i i i i is si: il : as g i ilSi : iiS 'll i Si rH 1 | |M S j 111 i i i i il l i i eo : : : : : « : : il i gg 8 : : f ^ Tt^COi-Hr-j'cOOj'rHCO' 00 CO 00 C* CO lO CO Oj'cO CO ^ cT *0* oo r-T CO (N CO 1>T t^T l l Slselll fillgllll IliSs II g =11 is g|§IIIISlSlg| i S IliSIss Isllifis I Is Is m I sis Si' lI¥ISg'|§'s'gg|l j | i i ( i j: :o i §' | :s 5 i co i s i i 37, 784 52, 513 275, 910 101, 034 240, 242 109, 418 ; :s i 5 £ 1 s' 1 i ao j i IS S i Ss is II ft m !i i§is |1 i i i ; : : j i ! j 334, 483 180, 584 | | | ! i | i j j j 101, 249 80, 000 201, 381 77, 601 135, 145 141, 450 i ii i 89, 774 88, 067 | j || 133, 764 76, 000 206, 980 41, 566 50, 400 140, 778 II l£f I, 86, 914 127, 651 ! 1 ( j 1 sag i sbs ; ii ii jsf is i~ :T ill s's'g 3 97, 199] 1 _ 1 :) 85, 781 J 52, 500 3 203, 718 9 85, 139 4 _ 8 - 7 56, 285 3 147, 926 3 52, 426 - r 7 115, 339 2 88, 566 0 122, 569 4 _ 0 _ Bis is £ Jtfsf 88 g n i, B'8‘ j; 5 31, 206 8 130,220 1 ii 1 IZi,344 3 110,045 D 135, 835 2 _ 1 _ 2 129, 940 1 - - . _ . ) 181,399 ) 222, 176 [ 298,4491 ; i ; j ; : ; , i ; , , 1 1 IllSlsg iSSliill sills II I ill Is IgsSlllllsIll s S ISsISil SISISsssI SSisS §R I las SI sSlsSIssSssll 1 i §11 :§S 111! ill i ISsiS II i £2 i Tf< -' T-H ir$ 1 CO CO i 88888 8* 8 ss i as i r i i is i 15 ; ] : j j : 238687° — 41 - 19 See footnotes at end of table, p. 305. 282 'S cS 3 a ^ G ) ^ C C O CO OJ 05 00 o © co oo of cf t>T © !£ IlllllSSSSs II m ailss’i i T3 -i -'oa J2 {a ^ 25 s s a § | ® O O wn bX) S ^5^§«r £tj' 8118353 is Slll-slllll S§ &S £gg£g3?8f58“8S 22 I Oil'S £.2 S2 2-2 a a 58 !&■§ §5.g 5 S iCNO ^ oo io ooooo MOO t-h O* II gg coh oo 50 10 rHOO ISsslSslli ^'o^'t^odoTorjotCrC Tfei is Tho © ao jC t)T © 50 ad t>T of © so rn II — . T3 « . c3 M 2 55 8 ® Bo'S §3 5 § m“§,§ g g NiOMfNOOO 05 CO *o *0 CO TP CO Tf NOiONWrH co io of © Pi « ^ ° § bl a *2 ° g W w €/=► OINO CO »o X CO ^ o o tCco e»eo»tCo“jo« m'jo a» cL wlS Su K •£ e o c-e.* fHS- ©©CM CM COO ICOOHOJOCC ICNL00 05 © ©"©"©"©"©' HOJ^ON(N CM © rt< CO CM CM CDINOOOiOONO lOCCN^^’tOOO r- co oo co co “ - © 05 co ^ 05 co - (XKNINTfOON ^..NCOOWCOOH 05c0050GOOOCOrf rC io oo oo tjT (N o © -*rf »0 00 CO T* ^ CO r->T}'p -'S.sgS'-' S d f, S ct o 3 “ o'S^SlJa.g ^■a.^Sg'S® s? i rf I X W >•2 05 lO O H Tf< N N CO CO CO CO r— I H 05 © © CO 00 05 00 CM CO CO © © rH O CO©tH05CO©CM © 05 CO CO 00 CO CM © CO N^ © CM CO lOt^tCcocO icioaoor-io^ co © C© © CO © *h CM 1-H 00 00 CM CM © © CO CO JO N- £- CO CO CO oVhNM CO ©© © rH CM CO © *-h CO CM CM rH ^ CM CM CM CO CM 2-2 ‘3*5 05 © 05 rf cm" cm" 888 00 ej C$ oo 00 05 co 00 CONNH CO CO Tt« Tf< cm" oo oT oo CM C5 O 05 CM © CM CO CO H N T^io io cm" CM 05 CO CM o 00 F- CM CM h lO CO 05 00 CO CO CO 05 © • CM 05 00 © CM < 3 5 8 §§| I S’ OO hrbdt! O K« 8 8'2’S * CM CO © © CM © i CO CM O iO CO N CO 05 CO O ‘O O 05 rHCO^COCMCMT^ • © © CO © CO © * to to Is* co r t-T © to* ecT co 05 05 Tfl o 1 05 So © co © © © [ _ _ _ COCMCMCOCOCOCOCOCO .2 o o ‘3 ‘3 Kin- ergar- tens N T3 8 to 00 t-^"cm" £88 CM CM ^ CO co >*20© > CO 1-H CO ) © CO to "© tC© IS^CM 5 © CM ' r05 r-Tc ) to © T to CO © © © © © CO ^ 00 © co 05 cm" od oo" 0^00 ^ 05 © CO © CO CM CO ©'©'co'© __ . _ __ . Thco©doc6©©c6ibco^©©t^8 8 00 *H r-uo CD co CO rf< © CO © !>■ Tf ^ © Tt< rf< © CM © t*< L- »-T to co cm t-T cC r^'odod'^toorcM't^r'^rcoi-TcM"cM'©CM' co © 00 © rH © © rf © © Is- © CO 1-H T*H 00 © CM © cm t* © © © © 00 © © © CM © T X N TH Tf CO Tr LN ^ UJ ’ © CM © 00 © © © h CO I |>T r-T © tC rH © © 1^ rH © H Tf CM CM 1-H rH co COHCMCOi ) © © CO CM 00 © Sion © CO CM “ © CM © © r-« ■“ © © co © CO CO HHCMCOHH. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 285 SSIsslIIi SllSsSlI Ell Is B gS SB I1I1BI I fill 15 mmmm ssiwsw §g'i ss g si is" mmm § gggg is SSSISSSig ISISsEll §18 Si 1 21 ii ggSSSg 3 8SSS Si ^58‘gSS‘SfS'S S'sgSSSs'S SSftc £a 3 -‘3 S' jfgf i «r ; 797 i i i i il 30, 353 12, 959 6, 181 • t ' a sag i -T cdef . 560 111 : i i 24, 400 Z6 1 111 ISSSSS I :i§l io'ioio cdcdoocdt-f >d IS 111 cdcT of oo co- i§ § CD CO" IIS 1 I T^cd CO- > O Wisconsin: Green Bay _ Kenosha La Crosse _ Madison _ usnirosn _ Racine _ sneooygan _ Superior _ 1 1 SilSSSSiSi ass ss§§sg§§8 $2, 708 772 2,582 1, 715 753 748 1,035 520 3, 202 4, 075 ; : j i i i i $1, 708 372 | jl | ii !!; |l ii SI i8§ ; cs 55BS 2, 360 IS ill t> cd | :®‘^~ lO IN - 1 1 TO* of OI ?5 I tf I s i ;a 1 1 CO ; loo • > jssi NOh i 11 .- Irt* S CO* 111 . ioTio TO o. IS IS l I 1 Of ; -df 111 IS i 111 r- i o *- * 2 ItoS is§ :§1 1 i i ig i : i TJH , , 8 li 1 II g 11 l^-TO jus nT usVof ICS 1 © us* IrjTof 1 05* of US* 1 1 i ** i CO CO*' j j Of j r-H* i .TO* O' ! ufuf 181 :Ss 1 IN TO © SSS 1 ill :»l 'll 1 1 1 IS 1 11 1 1 ii i§ giss l«of Ito OI TO TO us* ;t-*TO* lofrH IrtcVT CO* I s 1 1 V ; h‘h 1 1 TO ;<-h 'TOO* OfrfTO^r irf^Of CO .— ''-CCD'' US CO* CO* 00 US O* -ctf uf 00* Of t»<* TO* of of © ^* 00 'T WMMmwmmmmmmMmMrmMMm S'S’ls'»sS'S'l5s’i Is’ls^lSa’I’as’i’SIs’aSSSWlSsgS SSs”’l§s’s¥IS' S .1 S' Is rw s ;s § s £ 3 IS us to” 111 is .1' 8‘SS if? 8 §“F 8“ is ■ SS isW S2 SS Jfcff II 8 §s§ 1 KISS 5 51 r!S IS | SS :gg sa s §§= I 111 s‘s‘g‘ s .as tor s't? Isa I as T¥ TO I TO feSf is ;IIS 3$S l3SgS§ alilSIiSlSSS SSallllSlISSlISsSSlISliils IliSsIllSIS SS“^S^WgfS“8‘S‘§^J5l?|‘S^a¥8‘SVgS? SS8‘8‘^SRS‘SS‘a g- IslsillSgllesallllllllsls 181 IllSIlis r»<" of of uo lO o" >o ic" TO* CD" »o TO- 00 cd cc ■>s<' o' TO oT TO* CD* Ol — to* cd uf co* >— * r-* at end of table, 294 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 295 Isl Isslll g islllfgg ISIS §§§ SI g sSS S'SWS ;! Smgsge' ggsWlsIlgSSa'g islii III M t 8S8 ES91SS I 88811811 IlSSSsIslsIlsis ISIS Hi II I goosed oo os rH oo od oo co o »o oo tC tC 50 j-j Tti ^OMedosoTVVoc^'cdcdjdad©' -dod-ded o' oo V idud cd IS Vo mrn~mm W cd cd cd o cdtdcdcd £8 cd cd li ill cd cd os' od cd 88 cdVid idid sail cd od cd cd IS so SIS mils 8 iiiisSS! sSSIIiglsslSIgs gill ess II i oedcd cdedVrH W os' cdWedcdedVcd tdVVcd-dVudootdcdtdedVVtd edotdV odrdoc n® td ISs Sillll g IliillSl Sl§SSISI51igSll ISIS |SS gg 1 §gs ss'ss'33 s sgs'as'sss' §‘sg8S2g'3S'g|2|'gs' ggg'g ggg gg g I i 41, 563 56, 039 ! i ii ! s j; s is ssass mu : sss's'a sfssssg i ill ii iss \\ 1 i S i 32, 635 44, 000 94, 900 96, 771 66, 600 94, 525 38, 050 96, 385 41.274 85, 293 | i is is j 125,034 111! T* ii :S ill i iss j ii i ji ii 1 | 2 : il is 4 58, 320 5 S 40, 556 5 34, 125 7 10, 038 3 4 18,000 5 _ 5 33, 012 :i is ; ill ; iss ! il iff i ii 1 i 1 i o ^ il ; i : S' 111 §sg|sg | |sg||Rgg IgiiSiSigfgiilg asll ill 11 g gss sss'ss's s gtf&JWsfarsr §g8‘sassssg|ssgg' g'gss’ sag ss s' i i : linn § i il iS il i sis? iisii iim ii mi g ii ii i i ; ; dcdooddd oo i is j cd | od ; id os’ V 'l id td cd td *ddd td cdedootd od led ■ os' ! at end of table, p. 305. 296 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 297 glgllllllSiESsil iIll§lssgSgglslllSlssllIs§lilis S' I § § S’ 1 S § 1 1 1 1 1 8 1’ 8 ^ISW!W2W^saWi^2WS'gS slssillSSIsSl Si IsSlgllElllssRslisgssgllSSIssll wV®«»o§ d oo" i-T^jT ed e-res' ed^ao t-7 SliiS|glsEillg§§ ISsIliiliisSlsIlllsIslisllSlSIl s'“'Sslsls‘SSiSWlS £sg§WggSWSf^lMsW£gg3sgS¥ffg I ;g : co¬ ls :telllSII S$ iS?S?af$s£g III ill i pill 1 jggSs iisill ip feccS coSS ■ oofc^© SoogSSS Sil :sg«f Iff s?§ S3 II 3S ill! issss I II if? iss Is ©~co II :a ss :@ aiSlSiail§alSlli lilllEli§ISi§Slgl§SeiilS§IEilsE g 3 g § S“ , cS | S S § 8f : § g S3 g g § S g JS | S | S ; S g g S3 g g 8 S S3 5 § g § 2 S S S £ S 2 S S E « S1SS818 1MI88IS S8KS i8IISE88I15l USaglSilSliSI tj? -TVod~ cd© r^-Tcdt^cd «dNo“>o I ^idef'*d«d''dededi-7 »’■*«' cd of-fl-- cd cdt^odoToOTr $# ; ! ; Hill! iliilllPlIi illiii i s&SsIS I 238687° -20 at end of table, 298 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 ggssgaigggggi in? ssssai 8S3 2 gggSSS Textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction Total (includ¬ ing col¬ leges, normal schools, and nurs¬ eries) CO liSSsSililsei! Ills illlll High schools Voca¬ tional and trade Regular 4-year or less I iiSsiiiississ : CS tH 4,533 ; I i< §1 i nco* : Junior- senior 2 I II : i; i i S i : il 1 I1" Senior ** $1, 696 6, 309 5, 966 255 .o^ Salaries of teachers and other instructional staff Total (includ¬ ing col¬ leges, normal schools, and nurs¬ eries) 05 IsisSlgEilils Mss sglsls gSSSBSSggSSSSS B'fgs" I'sg'g'gs High schools Voca¬ tional and trade 1 00 Regular 4-year or less 96, 787 I li 1 is Ol, ZO'i 54, 440 Junior- senior CO 1 ii : !« 1 iJ O i ^ i i ! . . CO 5 Senior $31, 880 78, 358 75, 388 32, 550 .© I © 1 3 Junior - $13, 475 77, 079 22, 456 23, 865 21, 565 il is' Elemen¬ tary schools w SSsillRsisIlS 1111 Isslli gSSSKsSs'SSSSE 33S'S BSSSBS Kin¬ dergar¬ tens N s Q - r _ 1>CW DCIT1 _ Rocky Mount Salisbury. Shelby Statesville . l nuiuasvuiti _ Wilson rth Dakota: Bismarck I?n Grand Forks _ iVA lllUb _ _ io: Alliance Hi SiSj w • i i i i i a : ; ii 3CS CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 299 SsIlsISlsIl IsliiSlisS! ISIS §!Sli IllSSliligig! mmmm mmtm mm mm mmtmmm sggisesnsg ssssissgii »s SdS'^'S'SJSSS”” oo©<£gao^xT;g“ ~o ef o tC of t-T co of IO m -T^T ss 11 II ill ^-(n i i >> 5 - *gon : A stnria Eugene _ Klamath Falls _ Meaiora _ Salem _ insylvania: Abington _ _ Aiiquippa _ Ambridge _ Arnoia _ _ Beaver Falls _ J3eilt5VUt5._ _ _ _ Berwick . ___ uraauocK _ _ Bradford _ urisioi _ _ Butler _ i anonsDurg _ __ Carbondale _ i i' 201 unamDersDurg _ Charleroi _ uncitennam _ Clairton _ Coatesville _ CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 301 lallis gsiaisiss 1 i ISSlgSslilSgSllg SSSsSlsl§|I S3-S32 SSlSSSSlg * * SSISfiS'S3SlH'§'S'g¥ ftfg&g&gg* Issl§I ili§lgll! 3 I SllglglSiigSSSlS SlsississsS ««ui'oo‘eocj of^S SSH'^'g"06' S •0“ 8" 3S5S' gfSi^S £ S'SSei‘®SS°’'Sd‘2J I :o T»f co IsSlil sigSSsIli 5 1 SSIlslSIliSlSill eillSslilil gsgsss s'Slls'ssgs » tf s'||ag'ss‘sf|'|s'§'s§g gggs'g's'gsggs' :S 2 14,047 i i III 26, 9001 ;§} r 79, 552 59, 290 106, 650 £ ig is is 111! ; !1 |cOOOCO C D * ^ ’ s : £ g f 5 I§ sS 1 i tf i ; i! ' ' l 3§ §S Jl ;£3 3g is ! m, 93, 030 62, 022 1 is 1 :§ : : ; 8 i; S' : 1 5 :S :< 5 R g § s 5 58, 611 47, 200 i i * 64, 871 45, 253 47, 118 31,517 33, 035 40, 029 ! 1 i.i § i i 1 ^ & 1 5 :l is" ! ! i i 1 s' s % 55, 805 43, 217 § s' 45, 077 i 65, 954 i 55, 587 : " 30,800 ' 31, 884 52, 582 jl § i i 3 i i Isslll lllssSlli I 1 ilsi§3§S§iSllSss IglllSSSIIl SS&GRk ssgWsssfs s sf s s 2 s s § § g 8Bgss^§82gsg§ at end of table, p. 305. 302 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 sis 8538881133188 II II I g§3 Sg'SS§s‘SI='SSE§ & s| « Textbooks, supplies, and other expenses of instruction Total (includ¬ ing col¬ leges, normal scnouis, and nurs¬ eries) CD ill Isllsllislsll II SI S High schools Voca¬ tional and trade 2 ; i i i ; i !jj I | Regular 4-year or less a 1 * § g i§ i i§ cd' © jo- :» si i i i i i: ccT iii! le l i » ! .Tnninr- senior ss ; i i i i§ i i i : i is i : i i :i i i i J J ico 1 ; 2,002 s !3 isf i is il ! il ; : ico- |eo ; « ! i ill il 1 r ; o'er ;© h i ii 1 i a il ! S3 i !: II il ; Icf |r-r 1 |cc ! i ils il 1 r ; ico'-r !©- r -r oT co“ :s Is 'I o ^ oi oi oi •*? «o~oo Sis S885S8S8E llSilslS II §2“ §Sgg|Sggl ISSSKSgl |f ! j i j 71. 260 : :i 1 ;« r is ii is S ; s’ § g i S i i I ii 3 :! 1 i I j :3S § \ss s 1 s ifes Ilk ;i i i i® i is :2~ i! is iffss is :I8 1 :8'£ 8 I if : : i ii 3b C* CO s s 3 sSJSS" o o sf ; ii :s iii s igss s !lg 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Rhode Island: Cranston . . . $12, 207 $11, 694 $45 $454 $956 $1,346 $26, 702 Pawtucket _ _ 9, 618 8, 723 435 214 18 990 Woonsocket _ . 8, 137 6, 158 6 313 220 1,000 15’ 834 South Carolina: Charleston-. _ 4, 104 5, 183 791 280 1, 915 914 13, 187 Columbia _ 7,031 2, 688 2,590 1,454 13, 763 South Dakota: Sioux Falls _ 8, 004 15, 980 161 615 3, 514 798 29, 072 Texas: Amarillo. _ . 4,154 4, 154 Austin _ ... _ 9,809 3, 325 202 13, 336 Beaumont: City district _ 591 8, 948 2, 054 497 12, 090 French district _ . 2, 180 488 2, 668 South Park district . 1,300 lj 300 Galveston _ 4, 741 2,205 6, 946 Laredo. ... ...... 6,089 6, 089 Port Arthur _ _ 12, 731 30 5, 070 17, 831 Waco _ _ _ 10, 700 630 11, 330 Wichita Falls _ _ 7, 554 2,047 9) 601 Utah: Ogden _ 9, 405 12, 222 1, 785 3, 369 26, 781 Virginia: Lynchburg A _ 1,270 4, 002 135 1, 782 683 7, 872 Newport News _ _ 10, 541 9, 267 1, 951 294 22’ 053 Portsmouth... . ... 3, 578 4, 813 555 8* 946 Roanoke. _ 6, 145 12, 221 2, 582 20, 948 Washington: Bellingham _ 7, 586 10, 786 3,920 2, 118 24, 410 Everett _ 8, 252 14, 207 612 701 1,168 ’994 25, 934 Wisconsin: Green Bay - 543 15, 120 220 620 1,196 200 17, 899 Kenosha _ _ 5,350 13, 851 574 989 4, 722 25, 486 La Crosse.. _ ..... 8, 735 8, 220 377 17, 332 Madison... _ _ 25, 970 22, 684 488 1,906 51, 048 Oshkosh _ _ _ _ ... 9, 041 14, 798 233 91 215 24, 378 Racine _ _ . . 4, 218 28, 230 920 1,605 422 35, 395 Sheboygan. _ 92 10, 887 215 1,676 745 14’ 306 Superior. _ . . . _____ 8, 345 3 16, 407 24, 752 West Allis. _ 836 8, 158 296 742 2, 231 96 12, 359 • Elementary schools only. 2 Included in col. 7. 3 Includes libraries and miscellaneous expense. « 1935-36 data. Table 26. — Salaries and wages paid for administration , instruction , and operation of plant in full-time day schools, city school systems, 1937-38 312 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 36-3 8 § 1 § § of CO 5 -eg a or. g rt Eh cs 68 & sSSis 1 ssl I s'sWl a 188 i T* ,-T> M •— .2 o 'gS.-S'C.S'S o os > ss c OflStSxo O 2 2^ So o> w ' o ° offlO.: b£ 0*5 2 , S'Sc 0 o > fl * O = ISSsi S sggsg" S ss * 1 g S »' Sgg ="'l i mss i is'iss s 11! g i m i i § SS sSsSI of 3 S ss a“ss§“| .sa^*. S‘-?o §5 si & - * GO 0.2 .^5 a cS o o 1 ills Mil i i £~ i i i §S8- i i i i : s ; ; 82211 fcgfsss ■gg o* Fv ^ i 11 §S i 11 i i i i 15 i : ©- :®« : w® : : : £2 : ^ : : ; |ilj § I sf s? I sli^s i mi's 8 Hsf*-ef«r ! Iss g i 111 i IS Sails SI § I i I U-* : 51, 457 43, 534 53, 219 155, 718 8,075 18, 003 6, 240 10, 234 41, 524 486,969 34, 568 i ns ii i |! s g isissi liisiii sis s' 8 s'^'s CO § £1 £ 1 1 Sslssll gif Sis II S slisSI ISslilS III * *S 1 a £ S@«sss ms sis M'S S' tftfifSS* m rf t>T i ! 0- - ^ 00 ^ co ^ s' Si is' I'l'i's's'i'i'ili'^ii s 11 111 ** ,4‘^H^'ei‘rH r-T r-T rH ! |S li |g§gi§§ 3 sfjf sftssfsssfsf I SI II ISIIIII s tfs sfssT sf$gafg“gtf SSSSSSs iglggs -h comrfcoiN ! w N^or-T £§3s§ 2 I Off 0 gggii s 1 sssss S' a ISlISIilsIsI! g (NC0;hN®00N«;N,<)«5OV ■* 2SS sfs?s* skS s's's? »C I— < -H 338 TO«5«S‘ 1 SS Sis glSSlsIllEIll I 1 si & I'iiiiiifiSSs'l 1 Is ill IS t2d S So 5 II IggSSSS 6 rfs rftfa’Ssfsa" 12S2I i geo 00 05%* 10 2 si 11 1 M 9“S SS a‘SS^8‘^S3® s' §1 2s! CO >0 ^CDOO 11 sas aa‘ sss M M§ 1 illsll i j j83 1 i M ill ; ; ; \d nT j 0 -Tr-r® : 1 ;eo«D 1 1 ! | j ! j 1 IS 05 CO 2 S3ig3S|g2is2i s' gr^aW^sa-' SI 111 1 11 s ■*rT 8,645 1 8, 040 7, 028 10, 783 2, 479 14, 175 IsilSIil iilii CC JH J>T «5 g rH J-Voo TfT CC © 00 2,300 24, 734 13, 466 9, 070 3, 393 00 o © 00 of tV ll8g|||§§8ig§§ VcTcT of of oo© eco of do © V ISIIsil Isllllli iSSIl mT of r-T 00 ef of cc >o 00 1-T tV ^T lO cV >o oo cc © of © 9,573 2, 873 2,911 3,266 i sss^sss^i jm 1 i CO j SeSssSI llllllll Sslil IS I III §1 IlSJSsJJglllS eotCtCegoo'eccc ofoo oo e^ed^^o nwmh® cojm co adodud Vo oTtVrV^eo' oo'^rV^ofrCooeV coed at end of table, p. 321. Table 26. — Salaries and wages paid for administration, instruction, and operation of plant in full-time day schools, city school systems, 1937-38 Continued GROUP II. — CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION - continued 318 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 lii| sssi IS lllllssiss; fill IS iigiBisSssl §1 sii il 8SS T3 .2 ’o g^g sii si OOCOIC tfTaO s!sl§!g||g| m ~<3>CQ mi ii gafsssf gfi isssiisgsga S§ SIS 38 £§?$ i : i :8 § !hSh : iii i O 05 i^Oh i i ;l i i i ii !|j igf iruvr i IN H ii .2 a £ c3SE j. 2.3 -w ill SI -toiW coVh lisle -Tgoag<* II t-Tco' Ii il a' I 5 Oo sill si gisi is isiiiisiiii »o pT o of CO co" •'* •g a> n * II ii 00* co' oo-tC iisigiisiii foo of OS CO CO o' 00 co" t ' o' SIS of CO- 1111 ii Ssfsftf as II Sii 88 SftfS o S •g tx C3 «) o o> *g bD «5 2 iss i M I1I11S ii il i 2 | | US !** 1 1 1 efoo ofi-TeoVn j \r-f ! ilii ii II llsllli 1 sli r^ft'Tufeo' ofco co® jefwjojHO-efw 00' co-oo-j-T ills § of slSililliil Ii Ii efi-T co'tC sin ss of of 00-00- 00® SifslIISlSI NOOO Of 00 CO JO 00 ®- JO 11 111 00- T»r I- CO* oo' CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 319 I 1 Is IllllllgllSSSiSlil ilsSSgisslII Ills IIIIIII 3 I II SWgflsg'lW E'SIS" sl¥'S!§¥ Ww“ w'w' W~ w~ r-T w' w'w' w r-T 1 i II ISSIISIIISIISI2I3 IlliSIIISISI gill lie § ;g 00 S3 2SB'aS3S31i2S'S?3B2SS S'S‘3‘SB‘2‘S3'SS'-'S *sfcfcs n'Hio w I3' 1C s »o £5 II SllSIlgslIIllglsI ssesSSgsglSg II ii gllS iSl s § 38 e 3 S S' tf g & $ £ 3 3 § § S' s' s s ®“s£ is 8 | 3 is iisii i i ii 1 : !g is 1 h : win j j iw w* ! jw II O'* W O-' oT CO O Nj“ IN CO ® CO* 00 ss 1 I SI lISlSIllSSIIsSSIII S' I 11 SSIS'SWISSWIII'S‘1 SISlIslllsss §II¥IISII'I11 lO bIIIIs! sssi mmm s II i 3 rf~‘ S sSIlISS S‘eo“85 8fS”8“ in igSgg i iiiiiseiiiii 1 \m ifssS iS jS3 | 50 woo- CD : «'-'a-'"='s-gs'sN‘s w~ ice-©- jtCcnco'w' ! oo" 3 § g§ IsSIllsslslllslHI SS S §?*-“ S“S^«S“S^§^S5S5SVS^S8 S^SSS^SCSJfSTsSf §g~g giis§g§ dSSS “’SSSSSS* 3,509 _ 8 | j i CO |H j 1 i l i i is ill i i i i i ii i^Si i ii i n ! j |h j h i i i 1 i » | ;<» * 19, 992 § liigii - 33~23S 28, 098 29, 400 12, 850 7, 482 19, 325 39, 825 20, 476 11,600 21,725 15, 020 17, 275 11, 305 6, 647 20, 263 18, 168 15, 205 24, 457 7, 750 27, 572 30, 126 21,883 11,920 33, 950 10, 000 18. 570 24, 362 28, 151 ill NHN II WIN 1 Si sSIlllsisslliSIIIS illlilSISsIs s CO coco' 10 0 ro >0 H N N ®' JO N N N «' ‘O' ffl' N N M Co' *0 CO 00 CO CO w O w' CD W SI lllllil cfco (N^NNeo'co'tC § |g gi!S§lli§sii§i!8ii ISSiaiglSHs Ills Isllsll at end of table, p. 321. 320 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 I c a, h i §\5 ii ? SU g I A 1 I lilt silslssiisslais miMiimmiz g ISsslsSls s' liiiiisil ill II !| If llllSsillsIilis S § oo j-h'us jH‘«rf'ao'^‘'^J'eoto>r®t>rtCeo cT 111 222 !s§§g3iS§si3i§i 5 i§gS188IS S ££g 3J58fS’ga? 11 tfrf II 1SI sslll eorn'^r® 11 isiigisISlKsisig 1 slslSsisI p'l'g¥ll§ii¥slis a s IllllsSsIllllsi JH ^ cf csfco (N ed ^nVhhcoio o~ ‘H(0e ISS vf i 1 II I 28 is {222 rt« 00 ocsTrC 1 1 •a co § 111 -T >o i-h'co' I IsIlSSIIs >o os' o co exf co o *o oo »>T sISIIIsl r-T of oo®io I 11 I Sc- W T(f(N CO tCV" r-rof-rCO-VoO-^-O- § 1211 00 co- co- 1 Sllslslli co' ioc*5''*£'*i*i-4vitoo)SD llsISlii SfS‘32‘S?2'3'S' !§§ exfos-t-.- II 1 Is -fr-r 0- -rv iiiiiiii l2”N*rt c® of 2 I iSil os- os-oo-soco- SI 11IIII11I HOI rH-tCoO-^-tC^rus^-oO- 1 Included in preceding column. 3 includes general office expense with clerical wages. * This item not reported separately. < Statistics, 1935-36. 322 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 323 IS I cTerf go 1 I £ * t S I* !" sii i§« r^i-Tco s°° II 1 IfelssSi 33§ a£ 5 sjf&| 1! 2 S i §§§111111 g 1 gss^s^gfsf SIS s“ssr i“H~ s$s Ss 1 IlsllS lllggll |g| II - s'|s||‘g' s'fs's'ss'sf s's'g S ; *°* 15, 650 14, 986 38,853 IS ii 8 j is ' L- jo 1 £ ii is 1 1 ; i § i 1 of i i ( i l < i a i * § i s ; ii S 1 i i: g : 8S S' i 80, 143 19, 334 8, 448 61, 226 i 1 !g : 3 is ! § j 8 162, 575 § : § - i £ ji ii i 23, 795 41, 186 29, 046 I i 5 i i 2,608 15, 733 4, 367 9, 471 26,415 SJ '■ 'i CN 23,203 42, 977 19, 976 1 i £ ; % £ Is 1 ssr s i i ii S S“ !§§!§S§ ig is 25, 809 36, 406 15,604 22,783 1, 775 38, 300 47, 235 13, 129 i § i s' =' 1 ii 48, 700 49, 577 107, 111 152, 215 496, 780 16, 940 1,797 20, 401 5, 056 27,765 54, 689 118, 121 683,911 67, 314 i 111 si S IllilS 15 i *'£'$' Si «' s'sgs's'g s'l !o ! So 3 1 8 ii j s \t Issi IIsksSISI §§ i S3 lo conioosiocmr- CO O t— ( W CO CO sll III of 111 II 1 IsllfS Issssls ill all II 1 SSs siliSSS IMI at end of table, p. 331. Table 27. — Expenditures for operation and maintenance of plant and fixed charges, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued 324 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 325 7,847 7,091 8,369 3, 942 41,912 GROUP II. — CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION 1 si if; fSSillillllsg g 11 SB M a fs" "s s'sssssssV^sg'sss s' "‘a » is 1,860 10, 487 28, 715 7. 120 li ISS 1 S8 6SSS S 1 11 §1 sIIS3sIS3S2|| | gg !|||ss§ § & ss sss as5='s's's«asss's a ss's-’as's ss 5,986 16, 825 1 £ | 1,964 14, 997 62, 128 23, 112 93, 836 $1,616 11, 457 17, 964 • 1 !! iso 4,831 1 Is ' < i »* 29, 056 ; P j • . ' 11,470 I so* 24, 966 9,085 $7,990 4, 230 12,961 12, 691 13, 527 35, 386 19,967 17,762 IsII gf r «o 1 s © o il ef«Q S i IIS <»-rcf 18 11115 -a-- li 1 coVT r-T ii S3 !S§ ®UJH § i - Sf *-T 00* 38S Tfefcf §3883 §S 8 o. lilafVr" i pqmq n See footnotes at end of table, p. 331. 328 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 329 iliSsSSSS! 2SSSSSSIEISS gs§8 IllSil! s3ggg§i§§3igg tC^'cfioeeio ■«* toto-**' tj'va^g'nVwwifgg Tjj'tjj cogo of ^ »o of «o us" tC ,-T ^ tC -r 1 « SI Sis Sts a-'s of lO © to © to* IlsiillsSI IfclllSlBllil ISIS SliSsll ilsIllSsSsSSI sssB'Esssss ssSBSS'sga'tfgg as'jfs s'sssssss s'|s'|ssssgssgs See foot notes at end of table, p. 331. 330 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 3 11 IsSlISSS I r-T oo-cc 00- COi-T of of CO- £| il t^.-rcf*C ,-Tuf cow" !£§lg § £1 IlSilSaS I £ 22 s SslI II liSSilils ss»3 as ssss'ssassf 1 3 to o !§ co- ills ^Mr-T SiS I nVm o- sis 1 to-to-cf oT I II 1* co-co- -*co" i II III of eo-of to III isiss s isi§ ii mm* t-feototoad © tococo-o toi> ootoodjo 8 SS §Sl!gS§l I 5 SS 5 ieis is gisiiisii SSSS 38 SSfS'fjggSgfS' I 1 sf s 11 Is 5; 3 £ S3 rHodofw 313 1 1 333 a " §13 I § hooo of w §s 1 SI II » 33 SST i IS 133 r-T r-Tio T*r^Ht>r rS“ lisli i slsl II Sliislg ssssss a gas's as s's'ssas's? ifis « > 05 N(NC4004 00COiC»0 C4OO»OiON05 00H CChNNNhOcO^h r» 05 |2? S M CO co oT h csf co *o oo ci 00(NN 05 o' iO o> X3 00 03 I J-< f-H o 05 L- C r-T Of >£ §2 2 5 M COXONOC^NOOCJN Tf^f^COt^COCO»r. oooooor-^i-Hco*oaceo 05(NTfTPO(NCOiON CO t-h o CO CO O 00 - 0 05rf CO(nS *" Tt< ^ «o.£P^ m & o 0^3 O o a rr g i>>g COCOCOC0O5C^T— ,05 ,0510^0 qg^j CO CO 05 3 c3 0-0 pi 2 T3 O 3 03 •s's E«a +s 03 .J9,0 ^ j>> 333 *a o.2 G+e 03 & >1 J13 S ‘3, 8® o « 3ts is bs« •S-o o« ®! 3 03 bX) 03 pa's O’© 5-g s- 03 o 03 a " 5 t£ ^ a _ a S£ &.9 jS’-O be t-T a a> fclpQ fl.w o*5 CO aTO .a o'o 1 S ^2 <’§ §8 o • - 05 +-> ^ - 03 3 2 03 'a'2 fl “‘-3 .9 a 03 3 T3 « £ . C8-o Ba3^T3 3 SPSS'S tn *S ..-S 9 o. V 03 CQ M-rj-O § S3 £ jg$ 03 'H o Sm C3 O b £<_ •3 cfl 03 _ *5 O n« M-2-o 9 bc-9 3 § S 9-2 £& 5 o.' o H „> § m 8.2333 03-0^1 2 'S © fl . 0°* .9 3 a«r fl 9ti 03 ot:2 JS 3 3 go 313 -oS o«gg Co £!s C3 Om m £ C3 ft 340 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 31. — Summary of enrollment , by States and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes , city school systems , 1937-38 State Enrolled in Day-School Classes | Enrolled for home or hospital instruction Grand total 1 Blind and par¬ tially seeing Deaf and hard- of-hearing Speech defective Crippled Delicate | Epileptic Mentally defi¬ cient Truants or be¬ havior problems Mentally gifted Total 1 enrolled in school 1 i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Continental United States 7, 846 10, 848 124, 840 13, 737 23,470 162 103, 637 11, 558 2, 842 299, 257 14, 424 313, 681 9 69 293 115 486 486 15 42 57 57 California _ _ 435 1,599 12, 206 912 2,688 2 6,277 1,988 844 27, 152 2,773 29, 925 14 31 966 490 1,501 1,501 41 10 292 2,056 2, 399 106 2, 505 448 448 448 68 2,761 87 124 1,223 338 4,601 4,601 24 36 414 49 523 74 597 2 6 12 7 1 175 15 218 4 222 796 666 2, 318 2,257 2,004 15 5, 116 1,261 14, 433 1,564 15, 997 Indiana 45 238 1,92. 498 553 2, 396 50 5,701 5, 701 Towa 15 172 271 136 26 1,344 1,964 74 2,038 Kansas 357 1 122 264 743 743 Kentucky 73 21 22 447 34 597 266 863 Lmiisiana 114 16 4, 000 92 371 4,628 366 4, 994 Maine 12 159 14 48 66 299 28 327 Maryland 154 217 1, 105 343 451 6,601 8, 871 406 9,277 Massachusetts- . 433 1,842 4, 667 113 279 8, 654 130 27 16, 145 1,681: 17, 826 Michigan.- _ 845 535 11,532 1,711 3,597 128 6, 983 995 373 26, 699 654 27, 353 Minnesota. 232 183 3, 794 427 124 2,438 14 7, 212 7, 212 Missouri 104 155 1,470 344 374 1,360 612 4,419 387 4, 806 Montana 111 88 199 199 Nebraska 203 2,831 191 3, 225 40 3,265 New Hampshire 39 156 195 195 New Jersey 220 979 6,684 632 279 4, 868 619 14,281 523 14, 804 New York _ 2,292 752 33, 304 3,249 8, 772 14 19, 233 684 45 68, 356 2, 452 70, 80S North Carolina 34 420 454 454 North Dakota 75 75 Ohio . ... 1,110 700 3, 655 1,476 1,261 8,077 3, 193 1,249 20, 721 939 21, 660 Oklah oma 17 64 1,531 1,612 37 1,649 Oregon 22 44 49 72 672 129 988 153 1, 141 Pennsylvania. . 395 684 18, 801 528 817 2 12, 721 701 94 34, 760 563 35, 323 Rhode Island _ 43 1,583 35 188 _ 707 19 2, 575 138 2, 713 South Carolina 74 115 189 189 South Dfllrnta 17 17 17 Tennessee 16 158 156 308 638 96 734 170 104 298 86 658 658 Utah 102 337 210 649 59 708 Vermont 57 57 57 Virginia 60 29 87 19 395 939 180 1, 709 1, 709 W ashineton 149 138 1, 033 53 2,585 381 4, 339 453 4,792 West Virginia (county unit system) 150 150 150 Wisconsin 132 556 9,283 666 649 2,767 45 14, 098 588 14, 686 Wvominsr 163 216 216 i Includes 317 undistributed by type: California, 201; Louisiana, 35; New York, 11; Pennsylvania, 17; Wyoming, 53. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 341 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes,1 city school systems , 1937-38 2 GROUP I. — CITIES OF 100,000 POPULATION AND MORE IN 1930 EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED City 1 Blind and partially | seeing Deaf and hard of hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate Epileptics Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally gifted o Eh Total day-sc enrollmer > 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Alabama: 8 f\C\ 243 115 436 54, 851 California: Long Beach _ 4S 45 257 IE 63 221 653 29, 898 Los Angeles _ _ 240 418 4,801 1,499 433 3, 633 1,988 684 13, 696 316, 063 Oakland _ _ 92 987 246 1,591 326 3,242 55’ 327 San Diego _ _ ... 8 17 300 51 154 66 596 31, 540 San Francisco-. . _ 95 770 2, 002 683 387 1, 141 5,078 79, 883 Colorado: 14 31 966 465 1, 476 55, 642 Connecticut: Bridgeport... . . 17 1C 402 429 23, 783 Hartford... ... 12 265 618 895 27, 186 Delaware: W ilmington _ 448 448 17, 528 District of Columbia: 68 2, 761 87 124 1,223 338 4,601 101, 777 Georgia: 24 36 74 414 49 597 56, 220 Illinois: Chicago _ . 483 599 2,298 3, 519 1,747 15 4, 428 1, 231 14, 320 492, 981 Peoria _ _ 20 8 27 152 60 267 17, 388 Indiana: Evansville 87 89 388 564 17, 324 Fort Wayne. . . 16 356 372 18, 594 Gary _ _ _ _ 14 36 780 208 1,038 21, 467 Indianapolis . . 19 71 325 239 358 1,029 2, 041 65, 102 South Bend . .. 22 35 57 17, 643 Iowa: Des Moines.. _ 15 113 206 134 905 1,373 31, 139 Kansas: Wichita.. . . 321 22 74 417 22, 990 Kentucky: Louisville .. 73 21 203 372 34 703 49, 065 Louisiana: New Orleans 114 16 4,000 92 366 371 4, 959 72, 909 Maryland: Baltimore... _ _ .. 154 217 1,105 696 504 6, 601 9, 277 124, 329 Massachusetts: Boston . _ _ .. 182 477 3, 287 894 2, 256 120 7, 216 140, 176 Cambridge 18 200 115 61 182 233 809 16, 391 Fall River _ 45 87 172 25 39 785 1,153 15, 757 Lowell _ _ 30 28 58 13, 432 Lynn . _ _ 11 282 555 51 18 235 1,152 15, 291 New Bedford 42 67 69 72 140 390 16, 855 Somerville _ _ _ .. 15 129 24 195 363 16, 988 Springfield . . 154 57 396 607 25, 645 Worcester .. .. 24 105 40 25 591 785 33, 548 Michigan: Detroit _ _ _ _ 561 289 7,986 1,067 2,944 126 3,933 627 .17, 533 287, 363 Flint.. . ... _ _ . 25 26 2, 445 84 287 319 70 150 3, 406 36, 772 Grand Rapids _ 94 44 919 336 363 350 268 2, 374 28, 833 Minnesota: Minneapolis _ 144 105 2,171 309 91 1,046 3, 866 86, 025 St. Paul 88 36 587 103 720 14 1,548 42, 951 Missouri: Kansas City. . 25 44 251 605 349 1,274 65, 193 St. Louis 58 105 1,347 236 602 578 263 3, 189 114, 598 Nebraska: Omaha _ . 183 2,831 15 115 3, 144 41,629 New Jersey: Camden _ 18 13 2 156 78 267 20, 623 Elizabeth 30 15 325 11 8 178 199 766 17, 684 Jersey City 46 793 3, 522 350 92 311 154 5,268 46, 574 Newark 70 136 2, 504 254 39 1, 554 112 4, 669 77, 831 Paterson _ . . 39 24 333 35 139 251 76 897j 25, 219 Trenton _ 32 _ 1 240 272! 1 20, 076 1 Including home or hospital instruction. 2 Data reported incompletely for 1937-38 were in each case supplemented by 1935-36 data. 2 Including those undistributed by type. 342 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes , city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP I. — CITIES OF 100,000 population and more — continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED City Blind and partially seeing Deaf and hard of hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate | Epileptics Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally gifted i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 New York: Albany. _ _ .. 37 16 303 452 Buffalo 126 14 4, 195 193 273 14 2, 032 1,869 50 501 27, 206 4,226 7. 392 10, 737 684 121 426 130 337 2,047 410 44 87 89 40 61 289 Ohio: 31 40 75 319 73 27 39 64 Cincinnati. _. .. 114 166 711 644 88 1,405 Cleveland 338 143 2, 916 272 649 3, 926 2, 758 373 1,225 Columbus 49 42 112 132 391 Dayton 43 57 222 28 Toledo 57 54 211 73 535 24 Youngstown ... 72 33 68 354 Oklahoma: Oklahoma City 47 1,196 315 Tulsa 17 54 Oregon : Portland 22 34 162 72 629 118 Pennsylvania: Erie 17 119 547 58 27 414 Philadelphia. _ ... . 276 548 7,945 685 530 8, 535 818 696 Pittsburgh 23 5, 405 244 75 Reading 41 3, 310 13 101 220 Scranton 156 Rhode Island: Providence _ . 43 1,570 119 171 441 Tennessee: Chattanooga 70 Knoxville 29 42 Memphis 16 16 26 156 266 Texas : Dallas. . 118 86 El Paso 20 Fort Worth 14 Houston 136 104 180 Utah: Salt Lake City. _ _ _ 102 337 59 210 Virginia: Norfolk. 12 13 87 60 467 Richmond 36 16 335 293 103 Washington: Seattle _ _ _ 100 56 321 384 1,293 342 Spokane. _ _ _ _ 12 36 351 52 135 39 Tacoma 36 25 362 39 483 Wisconsin: Milwaukee _ _ 97 151 2, 081 499 253 1,375 o & 11 808 6, 847 52, 615 3, 111 410 220 390 538 130 3, 128 12, 227 1,099 350 954 527 1,243 386 1,037 1, 182 19, 215 6, 565 3, 685 156 2,344 70 71 480 204 20 14 420 708 639 783 2, 496 625 945 4,456 1, 16, 891 92, 333 105, 436 50, 844 37, 032 17,013 25, 882 52, 930 20, 751 65, 970 147, 697 46, 901 35, 237 44, 886 31, 675 45, 150 32, 687 51,230 20, 073 294, 259 111,075 18, 410 25. 195 41,646 24, 865 22, 138 45, 711 53, 959 23, 336 31. 195 70. 786 33, 087 24, 860 34, 075 62, 938 20, 062 20, 297 90, 088 GROUP II. — CITIES4 OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION IN 1930 Arkansas: Little Rock... _ _ 15 42 57 16, 441 California: Alameda _ _ 235 15 250 6,152 8,564 13, 624 Alhambra 101 40 16 157 Berkeley _ _ 27 70 107 204 Fresno. ... __ _ _ 9 13 22 15, 000 Glendale . _ _ 253 110 358 721 16, 666 Pasadena.. _ _ . 42 35 322 43 176 59 160 837 25, 472 Sacramento .. .. 20 220 46 10 134 430 21, 191 17, 339 San Jose. _ 77 99 21 197 Santa Ana. . ..... 11 44 55 7,420 4 The table also includes Caddo Parish, La., in which Shreveport is located, and the county unit system in West Virginia in which Charleston is located. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 343 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes , city school systems , 1937—38 — Continued GROUP II. - CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 POPULATION - continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED City Blind and partially | seeing Deaf and hard of hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate 1 _ 1 Epileptics 1 Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally 1 gifted Total CO O >»s 'O'o +3 H S o Speech de¬ fective Crippled | 1 Delicate 1 Epileptics Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally gifted Total ’O’S 1 o Eh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 j Oklahoma: Muskogee. _ _ 20 20 8, 307 17, 532 Pennsylvania: Allentown. . . 62 171 94 327 Altoona . 11 16 15 24 205 271 16, 177 10,294 8, 161 14, 142 Bethlehem _ _ 37 37 Hazleton .... 25 16 41 Johnstown 505 119 624 Lancaster . . 137 137 10, 563 11, 184 10, 767 McKeesport. 50 50 New Castle _ 105 105 Norristown .... 182 182 6,650 Wilkes-Barre.. .. _ _ 16 22 38 17, 079 8, 717 10, 942 9,572 11, 465 12, 168 7, 340 Williamsport. ._ 51 51 York _ _ 662 105 767 Rhode Island: Cranston (P. 0. Provi¬ dence) ... ... _ 26 57 19 102 Pawtucket _ _ 17 22 39 South Carolina: Charleston... 74 115 189 Virginia: Newport News _ 36 36 Portsmouth. . _ 20 20 8, 730 Roanoke .... 12 19 70 ! 49 150 14, 318 6,181 7, 056 Washington: Bellingham . ..... 23 42 65 Everett. .. 14 142 156 West Virginia: Countv unit system _ 150 150 Wisconsin : Green Bay ...... _ 24 394 43 61 39 561 7, 113 Kenosha . . 8 534: 62 41 123 768 9, 761 La Crosse .... 17 221 ! 33 23 ' 66 360 6,590 12, 539 6, 757 Madison. . 18 26 15 472 1 345 1 139 105 1, 105 516 Oshkosh... ... 12 328 450 98 63 Racine ..... ... 12 50 83 595 12, 795 Shebovgan 9 413 24 19 72 537 7, 712 Superior . ..... 5 29 494 2?; 79 634 6, 300 7, 350 West Allis 44 35 79 GROUP III. — CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION California: Bakersfield .. . 33 71 72 176 6, 310 4, 303 Beverlv Hills. ... 21 1 22 Eureka 7 14 21 3, 565 6, 149 2, 996 Modesto .. 14 5 19 Monrovia _ .... 78 78 Palo Alto _ _ . 508 58 11 577 3, 396 Pomona .... 42 5, 479 6, 595 Richmond . .. _ . 8 403 28 439 Riverside . . 42 12 54 9, 325 2,069 3, 142 San Mateo 191 16 19 226 Santa Cruz _ 51 Santa Rosa . . ... 9 3,086 South Pasadena 15 5 1 21 3,245 4, 011 3, 375 1, 681 Vallejo. . ... . 3 4 5 12 Connecticut: Ansonia 16 16 Derby 14 14 East Hartford . 39 39 3, 342 Middletown . . __ __ 63 63 2, 949 Naugatuck 18 18 2, 599 4,009 New London . . . _ 16 105 121 Stratford 95 95 4, 605 Torrineton _ . _ 48 48 4. 778 238687°— 41 - 23 346 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment, by cities and by types of exceptional children, special schools and classes, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED O City | Blind and partially seeing 1 Deaf and hard of 1 hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate Epileptics Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally gifted Total IJ T3 O s § 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Connecticut— Continued. 16 16 2,729 6,272 West Haven ._ _ 60 60 Idaho: Boise _ _ 2 5 12 2 1 75 15 112 6, 360 1,430 2,815 1, 951 4, 074 2,793 Illinois : Blue Island _ _ ... 15 15 1 1 Centraiia.. . _ 8 8 10 4 14 Chicago Heights.- . . . 12 12 1 13 14 2,027 3,931 5,039 Freeport. .. .. _ _ 10 1 11 6 6 Harrisbure _ . . .. .. 8 8 1,859 2,814 965 6 12 18 La Salle _ - 14 14 3 3 2,491 2,873 920 Pekin 1 1 Sterling (District No. 11) . 4 3 7 1 1 1,643 1, 782 1,716 Wilmette - 2 2 Winnetka 7 7 Indiana: Bedford . _ _ 18 18 2, 969 Bloomineton _ 53 74 127 4,409 Michigan City 17 17 4, 463 Iowa: Fort Madison _ _ 27 2 29 2, 180 Newton _ _ 30 30 3,204 Ottumwa 75 75 6,515 Kansas: Emporia 36 30 66 2, 594 Manhattan. . . _ _ 23 23 2,538 Pittsburg.. 20 20 3, 977 Salina 15 15 4,642 Maine: Bangor _ _ 14 14 5,368 Massachusetts Adams _ _ 22 22 1, 835 Amesbury 11 11 1,504 Athol 17 17 2,130 Attleboro _ . 39 39 4, 047 Belmont- . - _ 11 13 24 4, 976 Beverlv _ _ 56 8 3 1 47 115 4,399 Braintree 34 34 3, 867 Danvers 23 23 2,281 Dedham _ _ _ 23 23 3, 192 Easthampton _ 16 16 1, 469 Fairhaven . _ 3 21 24 2,176 Framingham _ _ 9 15 24 4, 425 Gardner 17 17 2,546 Gloucester 45 45 4, 190 Greenfield. _ _ 34 2 60 96 2,883 Leominster _ ... 61 92 153 3, 197 Melrose _ . 8 44 52 4, 361 Methuen __ _ ._ 18 18 3,505 Milford 6 28 34 2,540 Milton .. . _ _ 11 23 34 3, 351 Natick _ _ ... ... 35 35 2,579 Needham . _ _ . 12 12 2,507 Newburyport _ _ _ 26 26 2,246 North Adams . _ _ 56 56 3, 276 Norwood _ _ _ 10 18 28 2,631 Peabody _ _ _ 11 11 4, 065 Plymouth.. ._ _ 27 27 2,456 Saugus _ ... .. 34 34 3, 524 Southbridge _ _ 90 90 2,256 Stoneham _ _ 37 37 1,792 Swampscott _ .. 11 11 1, 675 Wakefield _ _ _ _ 20 20 3,204 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 347 T vble 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes, city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued group in. — cities OF 10,000 to 29,999 population — continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED f City Blind and partially seeing Deaf and hard of hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate 1 Epileptics Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems Mentally gifted Total c3 § O & 1 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Massachusetts— Con. 17 17 1,498 2, 653 1 13 27 41 6 82 88 3, 543 125 8 93 226 3, 019 41 41 4, 688 2,642 42 42 7 12 19 3. 435 Michigan: 27 16 43 4, 770 15 7 118 13 25 65 243 2, 983 15 11 15 41 5,695 Holland. _ _ _ 13 26 18 45 102 3, 144 14 14 2, 842 11 10 21 3,488 3,562 2,286 3, 551 20 20 20 9 17 46 129 129 Mount Clemens _ _ 14 40 54 2, 824 18 18 4,309 2,585 2 51 30 83 Owosso 16 16 3,695 3,896 6, 663 River Rouge _ _ _ 31 33 64 Royal Oak . _ ... 18 44 62 Traverse 8 20 28 2,449 2, 146 1,876 2, 519 4,602 Y psilanti 12 10 15 15 52 Minnesota: Faribault _ 29 29 Mankato 190 52 242 Rochester ------ 35 339 98 472 South St. Paul 59 59 2, 653 3, 191 Virginia . _ _ - 7 171 33 33 244 Winona -- _ _ 220 14 71 305 3,600 3,248 3,863 Missouri: Columbia _ . _ . 24 24 Hannibal - _ - 22 22 Montana: Billings 87 88 175 5, 180 5, 870 2,357 3,600 Great Falls _ 24 24 Nebraska: Norfolk 19 19 North Platte 10 10 New Hampshire: Claremont _ 9 9 1, 900 3,403 3,905 Concord 87 87 New Jersey: Asbury Park 7 ♦ 7 Belleville _ 13 13 5, 954 Bridgeton . _ _ 25 25 3,804 Burlington _ _ 38 38 2, 584 Englewood 49 49 3, 901 Garfield 8 23 31 5, 725 Gloucester City 32 32 2, 323 Linden 3 58 61 5, 190 Long Branch _ 1 1 44 46 3, 595 Neptune (P. 0., Ocean City) 35 35 2,536 Nutley _ _ 2 5 1 12 20 4,633 Pennsanken 15 15 3, 183 Phillipsburg 2 35 37 3, 704 Pleasant.ville 19 19 2, 827 Rutherford 1 1 12 14 2,689 Smith River 1 21 22 2,349 Summit 14 14 2, 874 Teaneek 17 17 4,545 Union 9 28 37 4,800 Vineland 67 67 4,286 West Oranpe 16 15 31 5, 076 3, 454 2,493 New York: Batavia 30 30 Beacon _ - 10 35 45 348 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-3 8 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment, by cities and by types of exceptional children, in special schools and classes, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED City Blind and partially seeing | Deaf and hard of hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled Delicate Epileptics 1 Mentally deficient Truants or behavior problems ) Mentally gifted Total w 2 >>£ OS 'q C3 C Eh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 New York— Continued. Corning (District No. 9)- 22 22 1, 558 2, 443 6,681 2,601 2, 625 2, 946 42 42 19 19 33 33 20 20 13 13 26 8 29 37 4, 378 5, 131 41 41 18 18 3, 798 18 18 2, 538 13 30 80 78 50 45 296! 4, 374 31 15 46 1,937 16 16 5,397 4,083 12 125 15 152 36 36 1, 732 35 351 4, 751 18 18 4, 338 16 16 2, 664 37 37 3, 757 39 39 4, 040 61 61 2, 574 5, 100 1,829 Olean 38 38 Oneida 100 16 116 Oneonta 17 17 2, 141 Peekskill 22 22 3,020 Pelham 12 12 2, 460 Pla.tt.shnrg 18 18 1, 757 Port Chester 120 120 5,606 2, 434 Saratoga Springs 38 38 Tonawanda 15 15 2, 736 3,490 2, 502 North Carolina: Kinston 54 54 North Dakota: Bismarck 51 51 Fargo 24 24 5, 050 Ohio: Alliance 15 15 30 5,285 Ashland 62 62 2, 257 A shtahnla. 19 19 3, 678 Barberton 11 23 34 4,801 Cambridge 20 13 33 3,313 Campbell 12 21 31 64 3, 522 Chillicothe 25 8 19 52 3, 792 Cuyahoga Falls 23 52 75 4. 278 Elyria 23 23 46 4, 749 Euclid 4 5 i 23 33 3,209 Findlay 11 31 42 3,607 Fostoria 1 16 17 2, 254 Fremont 10 28 2 18 58 3, 094 Garfield Heights 14 14 2, 393 Ironton 8 4 12 3, 222 ban ca ster 11 11 4, 021 Martins Ferry 22 19 21 62 3, 046 Middletown 9 11 42 62 6, 278 New Philadelphia 3 14 17 2,642 Niles 5 4 9 3, 487 Painesville 5 5 2, 180 Piqua 3 1 37 41 2, 740 Salem 13 13 2, 680 Sandusky 11 40 51 3,930 Shaker Heights 5 20 25 4, 513 Struthers 32 32 3, 018 Tiffin 2 2 2,206 W onster 2 29 31 2, 189 Oregon : Eugene 10 9 11 30 4, 356 Medford 24 45 69 2, 816 Pennsylvania: Abington — 159 36 _ 195 4, 140 Ambridge 101 1 _ _ 101 4, 425 Arnold . 24 1 _ _ 1 24 2, 550 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 349 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment, by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes, city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION - continued EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ENROLLED City Blind and partially seeing | Deaf and hard of | hearing Speech de¬ fective Crippled 1 | Delicate 1 1 I Epileptics 1 Mentally deficient Truants or behavior | problems Mentally gifted 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Pennsylvania — Continued. 15 51 75 18 246 45 14 10 54 17 17 10 42 18 69 18 20 18 18 18 "Potts villfi 36 Sunbury 21 Tamaqua .. . _ _ 42 Uniontown 21 Warren 59 Washington 6 1 Waynesboro West Chester 40 Wilkinshnrg 24 15 Rhode Island: Bristol 1 Central Falls 2 154 Newport 15 W esterly 15 Tennessee: Johnson City 113 Vermont: Burlington 33 Rutland _ _ _ ... 24 Virginia: Petersburg 25 Winchester 28 28 Washington: Brenaerton.. _ _ . 1 1 96 Longview 36 Olympia 68 Port Angeles 18 Vancouver 7 158 Y akima _ _ 98 Wisconsin: Appleton _ ... 10 182 52 40 Ashland 24 Beloit 337 27 Cudahy 1 14 Eau Claire 29 523 67 83 Fond du Lac 101 443 40 Janesville 259 43 Manitowoc 10 273 31 Marinette 9 200 30 Shorewood 19 212 13 South Milwaukee 39 Stevens Point 23 Two Rivers. 26 Watertown 221 17 Waukesha 183 27 Wausau 22 162 30 45 Wauwatosa _ ... _ 211 7 15 Wyoming: Casper 80 Cheyenne. 11 12 15 3, 656 51 3, 422 75 1,994 18 2,813 246 3, 578 45 3, 417 14 1,839 64 4, 957 17 3, 846 17 2,533 10 4, 100 42 4, 843 18 3,054 69 4, 587 18 2, 955 7 4,037 20 4, 960 18 4,081 18 3, 471 18 3, 991 36 4,235 21 3, 381 42 2, 589 21 4, 613 59 3, 385 7 5, 726 17 2, 077 40 2, 457 39 5,968 1 2, 364 156 2, 516 15 4, 837 15 2,253 113 5,744 33 3,581 24 2,402 25 6,358 56 2,520 98 4,025 36 3, 313 68 3, 651 18 2, 522 165 3, 981 98 7, 158 284 5,074 24 2, 019 364 5,760 15 2, 014 702 5, 442 584 5, 021 302 4, 001 314 3,906 239 2,611 244 2,637 39 2, 161 23 2,535 26 1,427 238 1, 710 210 4, 030 259 4, 928 233 4, 938 80 5,849 53 1 4, 672 350 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes , city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued GROUP IV. — CITIES OF 2,500 TO 9,999 POPULATION IN 1930 Note: Below are listed the cities of this group reporting special educational provisions for the type of exceptional children designated, and the number of children enrolled for such special instruction. Blind and Partially Seeing California: Lindsay, 1 Illinois: Villa Park, 23 Missouri: Crystal City, 5 California: Daly City, 16 Watsonville, 85 Idaho: Idaho Falls, 1 Massachusetts : Amherst, 15 Missouri: Crystal City, 6. California: Antioch, 55 Chico, 152 Daly City, 122 Pittsburg, 665 Redwood, 265 Santa Paula, 50 Illinois: Lake Forest, 20 Minnesota: Chisholm, 116 California: Chico, 4 Lindsay, 2 Lynwood, 4 Red Bluff, 4 San Marino, 4 Santa Paula, 1 Upland, 3 Idaho: Idaho Falls, 5 Preston, 4 New York: Elmira, 15 Long Beach, 4 Ohio: Dennison, 5 Hillsboro, 11 Missouri: Clayton, 120 Crystal City, 3 Ohio: Van Wert, 3 Pennsylvania : Etna, 6 Lock Haven, 1 Rhode Island: Johnston, 13 Crippled Illinois: Beardstown, 3 Bradley, 2 Downers Grove, 2 East Peoria, 2 Edwardsville, 2 Eldorado, 5 Geneva, 1 Herrin, 9 Lombard, 1 Macomb, 3 Ohio — Continued Norwalk, 7 Van Wert, 2 Pennsylvania: Clifton Heights, 1 Wisconsin: Beaver Dam, 128 Marshfield, 33 Oconomowoc, 150 Whitefish, 238 Wisconsin Rapids, 141 Illinois — Continued Madison, 6 Murphysboro, 12 Naperville, 1 Peru, 2 Robinson, 2 Salem, 2 Spring Valley, 1 Tuscola, 2 Vandalia, 1 Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing New York: Hastings on Hudson, 14 Ohio: Athens, 14 Gabon, 1 Lockland, 1 Van Wert, 2 Speech Defectives Pennsylvania : Lock Haven, 1 Wisconsin: Antigo, 7 Kaukauna, 6 Marshfield, 33 New London, 6 Rice Lake, 5 Wisconsin Rapids, 8 Table 32. — Summary of er special schools and GROUP IV. - CITIES Iowa: Cedar Falls, 1 Massachusetts : Amherst, 2 Ludlow, 4 Stoughton, 1 Michigan: Dowagiac, 16 Sturgis, 6 Minnesota: Sauk Rapids, 1 Missouri: Crystal City, 2 New Jersey: Audubon, 3 Bernardsville, 1 Closter, 1 Glen Ridge, 1 Haddon Heights, 2 North Arlington, 11 California: Chico, 23 Chino, 7 Lindsay, 3 Lynwood, 4 Pittsburg, 3 Porterville, 22 Santa Maria, 19 Upland, 1 Iowa: Cedar Falls, 1 California: Chino, 3 Lindsay, 1 Lynwood, 2 Upland, 1 Alabama: Union Springs, 50 California: Chino, 1 Lindsay, 2 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 351 irollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in classes , city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued OF 2,500 TO 0,999 POPULATION IN 1930 - continued Crippled — Continued New Jersey — Continued Palisades Park, 1 Rockaway, 1 South Plainfield, 1 Washington, 3 New York: Elmira, 24 Hamburg, 10 Ilion, 1 Long Beach, 1 Oswego, 4 Ohio: Amherst, 2 Bellefontaine, 4 Celina, 4 Clyde, 7 Crooksville, 2 Dover, 2 Delaware, 8 Dennison, 15 Delicate New Jersey: Audubon, 2 Midland Park, 3 New York: Canandaigua, 22 Elmira, 36 Long Beach, 7 Ohio: Amherst, 15 Epileptics Iowa: Cedar Falls, 1 New Jersey: South Plainfield, 1 Mentally Deficient California — Continued Lynwood, 14 Pittsburg, 39 Upland, 1 Ohio — Continued Gallipolis, 4 Girard, 3 Kent, 10 Lockland, 1 Maple Heights, 2 Newton Falls, 4 South Euclid, 73 Tippecanoe City, 1 Oregon: Grants Pass, 1 St. Helens, 1 Pennsylvania : Lock Haven, 1 Scottdale, 2 Rhode Island: Burrillville 1 Johnston, 9 Washington: Puyallup, 4 Ohio — Continued Bowling Green, 1 Dover, 1 Girard, 1 Oregon: Ashland, 3 Pennsylvania: Lock Haven, 1 Scottdale, 3 Wisconsin: Wisconsin Rapids, 15 Ohio: Bowling Green, 1 Girard, 1 Pennsylvania : Scottdale, 2 Connecticut: Jewett City, 15 Rockville, 21 Southington, 40 Winstead, 18 352 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes , city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP IV. - CITIES OF 2,500 TO 9,999 POPULATION IN 1930 - continued Mentally Deficient — Continued Idaho : Burley, 97 Idaho Falls, 3 Illinois: Highland, 3 Hinsdale, 12 Lake Forest, 16 Indiana : Columbus, 60 Seymour, 25 Iowa: Charles City, 22 Kentucky: Madisonville, 10 Maine: Bath, 31 Brunswick, 35 Massachusetts: Amherst, 28 Barnstable, 32 Bridgewater, 14 Dartmouth, 22 Dracut, 20 Dudley, 18 Franklin, 14 Hudson, 12 Lexington, 52 Longmeadow, 10 Ludlow, 38 Mansfield, 13 Marblehead, 14 Montague, 34 Nantucket, 17 Northbridge, 9 Orange, 18 Provincetown, 25 Reading, 33 Rockland, 12 Rockport, 16 Somerset, 15 Stoughton, 30 Michigan: Cold water, 15 Cadillac, 19 Hillsdale, 14 Ionia, 17 Ishpeming, 6 Lapeer, 29 Michigan — Con. Mason, 14 Midland, 18 Mount Pleasant, 18 Rochester, 23 St. Joseph, 22 Zeeland, 14 Minnesota: Alexandria, 30 Bemidji, 36 Chisholm, 10 Crookston, 15 Eveleth, 29 Gilbert, 25 Hopkins, 14 International Falls, 39 Litchfield, 15 Little Falls, 17 Moorhead, 25 Nashwauk, 13 New Ulm, 14 Owatonna, 22 Stillwater, 11 White Bear Lake, 15 New Hampshire: Somersworth, 16 New Jersey: Audubon, 9 Belmar, 17 Bernardsville, 24 Freehold, 11 Haddonfield, 14 Haddon Heights, 10 Madison, 69 North Arlington, 9 Palisades Park, 10 Westwood, 14 New York: Albion, 13 Canajoharie, 12 Canandaigua, 20 Catskill, 39 Danville, 13 Depew, 18 East Syracuse, 17 Elmira, 95 Frankfort, 38 Hudson Falls, 19 New York — Con. Greenport, 15 Hastings on Hudson, 8 Highland Falls, 16 Lancaster, 20 Lawrence, 28 Medina, 15 Monticello, 19 Mount Morris, 23 Oswego, 29 Penn Yan, 24 Perry, 15 Sag Harbor, 12 Scotia, 13 Sloans, 56 Southampton, 16 South Glens Falls, 13 Suffern, 12 Ticonderoga, 17 Walden, 18 Ohio: Circleville, 93 Delaware, 63 Delphos, 21 Galion, 12 Jackson, 31 Nelson ville, 14 Norwalk, 30 Oberlin, 16 Ravenna, 23 Toronto, 17 Van Wert, 11 Pennsylvania: Ashley, 18 Burnham, 23 Clearfield, 14 Clifton Heights, 14 Darby, 18 East Stroudsburg, 47 Freedom, 11 Lansdale, 41 Lock Haven, 2 Midland, 28 Morrisville, 17 Northampton, 36 Palmerton, 40 Rankin, 22 CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 353 Table 32. — Summary of enrollment , by cities and by types of exceptional children , in special schools and classes, city school systems, 1937—38 — Continued GROUP IV. - CITIES OF 2,5()0 TO 9,999 POPULATION IN 1930 - continued Mentally Deficient — Continued Pennsylvania — Con. Schuylkill Haven, 18 Sewickley, 21 Springdale, 15 State College, 12 Towanda, 14 Union City, 18 Wesleyville, 22 Windber, 14 Rhode Island: East Greenwich, 15 Johnston, 3 South Dakota: Vermillion, 17 Washington: Omak, 16 Puyallup, 3 Wisconsin: Antigo, 17 Beaver Dam, 21 Chippewa Falls, 15 Marshfield, 13 Menasha, 13 Menomonie, 20 Wisconsin — Con. Merrill, 17 Neenah, 15 Rhinelander, 16 Richland Center, 12 Shawano, 25 Wisconsin Rapids, 21 Wyoming: New Castle, 15 Rock Springs, 25 Sheridan, 43 Truants or Disciplinary Cases Illinois: Ohio: Pennsylvania: Highland, 18 Van Wert, 1 Lock Haven, 5 Mentally Gifted Indiana : Columbus, 50 Undistributed as to Type California: Petaluma, 108 New York: East Aurora, 11 354 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 33. — Children enrolled for home or hospital instruction , city school systems , 1937-38 -CITIES OF 100,000 AND MORE City Crip¬ pled Deli¬ cate Total 1 City Crip- I pled 1 2 3 4 • 2 California: New Jersey — Con. 18 63 81 Newark _ _ 84 1,002 185 215 1, 217 185 Paterson. .. . . Trenton _ . .. 32 154 154 New York: 498 498 Albany.. _ _ Connecticut: Buffalo _ _ _ _ 37 75 1 90 New York. . .. 1, 652 Georgia: A t.lnnt.fl. Rochester. 74 74 Utica.. _ 44 Illinois: Ohio: Chicago 1, 510 6 1, 510 Canton... 8 Peoria _ 6 Cincinnati. ... .. .. 464 Kentucky: Louisville Cleveland 32 203 203 Columbus _ ... 33 Louisiana: New Orleans Dayton.. . 108 366 366 Toledo _ _ Maryland: Baltimore _ Youngstown. _ . 68 353 53 406 Oklahoma: Massachusetts: Boston _ Tulsa _ _ ... 37 894 894 Oregon : Cambridge 61 61 Portland. _. ... 135 Fall River . _ 25 39 64 Pennsylvania: Lowell 30 30 Erie.. .. _ _ 32 Lynn 51 51 Philadelphia .... _ 186 New Bedford 18 87 Pittsburgh _ _ .. 244 Somerville 24 24 Reading _ 13 Springfield 57 57 Rhode Island: Worcester 40 40 Providence ------ . 85 Michigan: Tennessee: Detroit . . _ 249 207 2 464 Chat, tan nnpa Grand Rapids _ 190 190 Memphis 26 Missouri: Utah: Kansas City... _ 159 159 Salt T,akp CJity 59 St. Louis . _ 228 228 Washington: Seattle. .... .. Nebraska: OttiqViq 15 15 384 LLlcLLlcX - New Jersey: Tacoma . _ Camden _ 1 2 3 Wisconsin: Elizabeth... . 8 8 Milwaukee _ 292 Deli¬ cate 72 63 272 55 Total 123 20 32 56 109 1, 715 272 44 8 464 32 3 33 3 108 15 37 135 32 267 244 13 85 384 39 292 GROUP II. - CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99.999 POPULATION California: Massachusetts— Con. Alfrmpda 15 15 Holyoke _ 25 Alhambra 40 40 Malden _ _ _ _ 18 Rerkelpy 27 27 Medford _ . .. .. 12 14 Fresno 13 13 Newton 23 Pasadena 106 106 Quincy . 15 Sacramento 10 10 Salem _ _ _ . 26 San Jose 21 21 Waltham _ . ... 26 Santa Ana _ _ 11 44 55 Watertown _ _ . 16 Stockton _ 12 39 51 Nebraska: Illinois: Lincoln _ . 25 Danville _ _ 4 4 New Jersey: Elgin 16 16 Atlantic City _ 13 Moline 1 1 Bloomfield ... _ 14 2 Springfield _ 5 5 Clifton. _ . .. ... . 8 Iowa: East Orange _ _ 12 Cedar Rapids 9 9 18 Irvington .. .... 21 1 Dubuque 10 10 Kearny .. . _ 12 Sioux City 8 35 43 Montclair . 17 Kentucky: 40 23 63 Orange _ 83 Lexington _ Maine: Passaic _ . _ Plainfield _ 29 Portland. .. _ 19 9 28 South Orange .. .. 9 Massachusetts : Union City _ _ _ Arlington _ 1 13 New York: Brookline _ _ _ 9 9 Binghamton . _ _ 30 Chelsea 36 36 New Rochelle. 21 Chicopee 30 30 Niagara Falls 5 Everett 19 19 Schenectady . 47 Fitchburg... _ 21 21 I Watertown. .. . ... 38 25 8 12 22 12 17 83 29 14 9 U1 30 21 5 48 37 See footnotes at end of table, p. 356. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 355 Table 33. — Children enrolled for home or hospital instruction, city school systems, 1937-38 — Continued group II. — CITIES OF 30,000 TO 99,999 population — continued City Crip¬ pled Deli¬ cate Total City Crip¬ pled Deli¬ cate Total ■ 2 3 4 * 2 3 4 Ohio: East Cleveland. ... 5 5 Ohio— C ontinued. Warren .. 14 i 17 Lakewood . 11 4 15 Rhode Island: Lorain 4 4 Cranston _ 26 26 Mansfield 5 5 Washington: Bellingham _ _ .. Marion 7 7 23 23 Newark . 3 1 i 5 Wisconsin: Springfield 10 4 1 15 Madison 279 279 GROUP III. - CITIES OF 10,000 TO 29,999 POPULATION California: i New Jersey — Con. Beverly Hills. . _ _ 1 1 Phillipsburg . - 2 2 Modesto _ _ 4 5 9 Pleasant ville -- . l l Monrovia 11 11 Rutherford — — i 2 Palo Alto _ _ 58 11 69 South River... i 1 Richmond _ _ 14 14 Union .. ... . 9 9 Riverside. _ 42 42 West Orange. 16 16 San Mateo - ----- 16 16 New York: Santa Rosa _ * 9 Lackawanna 87 87 South Pasadena -- 15 5 i 21 Ohio: Vallejo 3 4 i 12 Chillicothe 8 8 Connecticut: Elyria _ 11 11 New London 16 16 Euclid. 4 5 i 10 Illinois: Findlay 1 1 Canton _ _ - - 1 1 Fostoria ... 1 1 Centralia _ 1 1 Fremont. . ------ 2 2 Champaign. .. . . 4 4 Ironton _ 4 4 Elmhurst... . -- 1 1 Martins Ferry 19 19 Freeport . . 1 1 Middletown 11 11 Pekin 1 1 Niles 5 4 9 Streaton 1 1 New Philadelphia _ 3 3 Wilmette 2 2 Paines ville 5 5 Massachusetts: Piqua. . _ 3 1 4 Belmont.. 11 11 Shaker Heights _ 5 5 Beverly _ _ 8 3 i 13 Tiffin _ 2 2 Fairhaven . _ _ 3 3 Wooster _ 2 2 Greenfield 2 2 Oregon: Melrose 8 8 Eugene .. 9 9 Norwood 10 10 Medford 2 i 4 Wellesley 1 1 Pennsylvania : West Springfield- 8 g Washington 6 1 7 Winthrop _ 7 7 Rhode Island: New Jersey: Bristol. - _ . . 1 1 Asbury Park _ 7 7 Central Falls 2 2 Belleville-. - _ 13 13 Newport 15 15 Englewood . i 7 Wisconsin: Linden . _ 3 3 Cudahy . _ 1 1 Long Branch _ 1 i 2 Eau Claire. 9 9 Nutley _ _ 2 5 i 8 Wauwatosa 7 7 GROUP IV.— CITIES OF 2,500 TO 9,999 POPULATION California: Illinois — Continued. Chico ... _ _ . 23 23 Vandalia 1 Chino ----- 4 7 i 15 Iowa: Lynwood .. .. .. 4 4 i 24 Cedar Falls 1 1 Pittsburg 3 3 Massachusetts : Porterville _ 22 22 Amherst 2 Red Bluff 4 4 Ludlow 4 San Marino. _ _ 4 4 Stoughton . 1 Santa Paula. _ _ 1 1 New Jersey: Idaho: Audubon . . . . . 2 Preston _ _ 4 4 Bernardsville . _ 1 Illinois: Belmar . _ Bradley. 2 2 Closter ... 1 Downers Grove.. 2 2 Glen Ridee 1 Madison 2 2 Haddon Heights 2 Naperville. _ _ 1 1 Midland Park 3 Sprine Valley - .. 1 1 North Arlington 11 Tuscola _ 1 1 Palisades Park... ... 1 See footnotes at end of table, p. 356. 356 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 33. — Children enrolled for home or hospital instruction , city school systems , 1937-38 — Continued GROUP IV. - CITIES OF 2,500 TO 9,999 POPULATION - continued City Crip¬ pled Deli¬ cate Total City Crip¬ pled Deli¬ cate Total 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 New Jersey — Con. Rockaway 1 1 Ohio— Con. Gallipolis _ 4 4 South Plainfield . 1 i 2 Girard. _ _ 3 1 i 5 W ashington _ 3 3 Kent - _ 6 6 New York: Lockland 1 1 Canandaigua 22 22 Maple Heights 2 2 Hion _ __ 1 1 Newton Falls _ _ 1 1 Monticello i 1 Tippecanoe City 1 1 Oswego 4 4 Oregon : Ashland _ _ Ohio: 3 3 Amherst. - . _ _ 2 2 Grants Pass _ 1 1 Bellefontaine _ . . 4 4 St. Helens _ _ 1 1 Bowling Green 1 i 2 Rhode Island: Crooksville 2 2 Johnston 9 9 Delaware i 8 Washington: Puyallup - _ Dover 2 1 3 4 i 7 1 In some cities home teaching is provided for a nominal number of mentally deficient and epileptic children. These are not indicated by type, but are included in the totals. For summary of all types receiv¬ ing home and hospital instruction see table 29. 2 Includes in addition to crippled and delicate, 8 blind children. 3 Includes various types of handicapped, mostly crippled. 4 These were undistributed as to type. CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS 357 Table 34. — Data on special supervisors and principals giving half or more than half time to supervisory or administrative duties for exceptional children, city school systems, 1937-38 [Note.— The Roman numeral in parentheses after each city denotes the population group to which the city belongs] City Special super¬ visors (or direc¬ tors) Special principals Types of children served by special supervisors and principals 05 £2 a s z >> fH <3 *3 m g O C/5 O PTES a> H £■ ” o° s* © £2 a 3 z as 'S *2 bfi a.S U4 © o w ! >» 11 c 'O bJD C3.S ■f S3 *3 Q © 3 ■§ "a © § ■ m M 0 •— 1/5 ”0 cs U w ° u -2 03 a c cs — ; 3 a o _o ft t o o ® © a 1 © GO >» g’Sd © > 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Alabama: _ J4 $1, 082 $15 x X X x California: Long Beach (I) 1 3,055 1 $2, 208 X Los Angeles (I) _ 3 11,004 4,252 27 83, 910 X X X X X X X X Oakland (I) _ 1 3, 660 116 x X X x San Diego (I). 1 3, 350 X x X X X X x San Francisco (I) _ 4 13, 536 260 2 6, 840 X X X X X x Berkeley (II) 2 5, 560 x x X X x Pasadena (II) _ _ . 1 3, 800 100 2 6, 127 X X X X X X X Sacramento (II) _ _ _ 1 3, 180 X Connecticut: Bridgeport (I) _ _ _ 1 3, 100 X X X Hartford (I) 2 6,000 X X New Britain (II)-.- _ . 1 2, 100 X X X New London (III) _ _ 1 2, 189 X Delaware: Wilmington (I). _ _ i 1 Georgia : Atlanta (I) . . 2 5, 725 X X Idaho: Boise (III).. . 1 1, 515 X Illinois: Chicago (I) . . . . __ 1 5 24, 161 X x X X X X X East St. Louis (II) _ 1 2,600 X Rockford (II) 1 X x X X X Indiana: Evansville (I) _ 2 3, 750 x X X X Fort Wayne (I) _ _ 1 2, 700 X X Indianapolis (I)... _ 1 2, 459 300 2 4, 005 X X X X X X Bloomington (III). . _ _ 1 1,880 X X Iowa: Des Moines (I) _ . 1 3,350 1 2, 555 X x X X X X Davenport (II). 2 4, 655 x X Sioux City (II) _ _ 1 2, 100 X X Louisiana: New Orleans (I)_ _ .. 1 2, 352 x X Maine: Portland (II) _ 2 4, 050 X X X X Maryland: Baltimore (I) _ 6 17, 860 557 2 6, 020 X X X X X X X Massachusetts : Boston (I) _ _ _ 3 9, 856 2 7,712 X x X Cambridge (I) _ _ _ 1 2, 630 1 2,300 X X X X X X Fall River (I) . 1 2, 125 X x X X X New Bedford (I). ... _ _ . 1 1,956 17 X Malden (II) — _ 2 4,050 X X Revere (II) . . . . ..... 1 2,200 X Salem (II) .. _ _ ... 1 2,400 X Michigan: Detroit (I) _ ._ . 5 22, 550 134 8 29, 500 X X X X x X X Grand Rapids (I). _ _ . 1J4 3, 775 1 3, 350 X X X X x X X Hamtramck (II) . . 1 2,690 Jackson (II) 1 2, 270 375 X |X| X "x\ X X x Royal Oak (III) _ _ .. .. . 1 1,950 X X Minnesota: — Minneapolis (I) .... ._ 1 4,005 4, 176 1 3,669 1 X X X _ X X X St. Paul (I) _ _ _ 1 2,214 11 1 2.297 X x X X X X Winona (III) _ 1 2,000 X X X X X X Missouri: .. . St. Louis (I) _ 1 ' 4,000 4 '19,882 X X X X 1 X X X 1 _ See footnotes at end of table, p. 358. 358 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-3 8 Table 34. — Data on special supervisors and principals giving half or more than half time to supervisory or administrative duties for exceptional children , city school systems, 1 937—38 — Continued City Nebraska: Omaha (I) _ Lincoln (II) _ New Jersey: Elizabeth (I) _ Jersey City (I) _ Newark (I) _ Paterson (I) _ Trenton (I) _ Bloomfield (II) _ Hoboken (II) _ New York: Albany (I).._ . . Buffalo (I) . . New York (I) _ Rochester (I) _ Syracuse (I) _ Binghamton (II) _ S chenectad y (II)--- White Plains (II).. Ithaca (III) _ Ohio: Akron (I) _ Cincinnati (I) _ Cleveland (I) _ Columbus (I) _ Dayton (I) _ Toledo (I) _ Lima (II) _ Oklahoma: Oklahoma City (I). Tulsa (I)... . . Oregon : Portland (I) _ Pennsylvania: Erie (I) _ Philadelphia (I) _ Pittsburgh (I) _ Reading (I) _ Scranton (I) _ Allentown (II) _ South Carolina: Charleston (II) _ Texas: Dallas (I) . . Virginia: Roanoke (II). . Washington: Seattle (I) _ _ Wisconsin: Milwaukee (I) _ Madison (II) _ Eau Claire (III) _ Special super¬ visors (or direc¬ tors) t>> ja £ « c3 So CO o $2, 110 1,305 2, 500 13, 077 10, 917 8, 215 10, 250 3, 460 2, 950 5, 000 11, 800 13, 750 4, 125 2, 400 1, 995 3, 722 21, 790 3, 130 1, 710 3, 930 2, 300 54, 939 2,800 2, 400 2,700 700 3 1,591 3,000 4, 400 $25 200 7, 214 1,204 2, 000 4, 230 2, 180 200 362 Special principals Types of children served by special supervisors and principals $4, 335 3, 025 19, 184 6,300 3,000 6, 000 3,675 6, 728 26, 076 7,088 2, 760 3,098 3, 293 45, 259 2, 500 2. 400 5,400 5,993 4 1,541 10 ; 11 I 12 13 14 1 Serves the city of Wilmington and the State of Delaware. 3 Part time. 3 Plus additional amount paid by county. 4 Of this amount $1,000 is allowed by the Crippled Children Division. O lifted BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES STATISTICS OF HIGHER EDUCATION 1937-38 BULLETIN 1940 , NO. 2 • CHAPTER IV By Henry G. Badger Associate Specialist in Educational Statistics Frederick J. Kelly Chief, Division of Higher Education and John H. McNeely Senior Specialist in Higher Education With the collaboration of other staff members as shown in footnotes FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY Paul V. McNutt, Administrator U.S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION John W. Studebaker, Commissioner UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1941 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., Price 45 cents Contents Part i. General findings and interpretations: Page Problem of compiling statistics of higher education . 1 Number and distribution of institutions reporting: Totals by States . 3 Professional schools by States . ; . . . . 5 Historical summary, 1900-1938 . 8 High-school and college enrollments . 8 Rise of the junior college . 9 Other trends . 10 Faculty, students, and degrees, 1937-38 . 10 Faculty . 10 Students, total enrollments . 12 Percentage of men and women students . 13 Public and private institutions compared . 13 Number of freshmen . 16 Students in other types of courses . . . ; 17 Earned degrees . . : : 17 Honorary degrees . ; ; ; 18 Finances, general summary . 19 Income: Student fees . 19 Endowments . 19 Public funds . 19 Gifts and grants . 19 Nonsalaried service . 20 Auxiliary enterprises and activities . 20 Comparisons of amounts of income from the several sources . . 20 Expenditures: Educational and general . 22 Capital outlay . 22 Property . 23 Buildings, grounds, and equipment 23 Endowment, annuity funds, loan funds, and other permanent funds . 23 Socio-economic factors . 23 Population changes . 24 Income per capita . 25 Student enrollments . 28 Graduates . 32 Income of higher education . 34 Higher education income per capita . 35 Expenditures . 36 Part ii. Summaries for the United States: Table 1. Historical summary, 1900-1938 . 43 1. All institutions of higher education, 1930-38 . 43 2. Universities, colleges, professional schools, and junior colleges. 44 3. Teachers colleges and normal schools . 45 hi IV CONTENTS Part ii. Summaries for the United States — Continued. Page Table 2. Faculty, students, and degrees, 1937-38, compared with 1935-36 . 46 Table 3. Financial data, 1937-38, compared with 1935-36 . 50 Table 4. Percentage analysis, 1937-38 . 58 1. Income, general . 58 2. Expenditures, educational and general except extension ... 59 3. All property held . 59 4. Plant and plant funds, and permanent funds, separately ana¬ lyzed . 60 5. Certain items as divided between publicly controlled and pri¬ vately controlled institutions . 61 Part iii. Summaries by states: Table 5. Faculty, students, and degrees, 1937-38 . 64 Table 6. Students and degrees in professional schools, 1937-38 ... 70 Table 7. Faculty variously classified, 1937-38 . 72 1. Totals . 72 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 73 3. Privately controlled institutions . 75 Table 8. Students of college grade in residence, variously classified, 1937-38 . 77 1. Totals . 77 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 78 3. Privately controlled institutions . . . . . 79 Table 9. Students off campus, and secondary and military enroll¬ ments, 1937-38 . 80 1. Totals . 80 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 82 3. Privately controlled institutions . 84 Table 10. Students in professional schools, both independent and university schools, including teacher-training institu¬ tions, 1937-38 . 86 Table 11. Students in curricula preparatory to teaching, 1937-38 . . 92 A. Enrollments and graduates by school level . 92 1 . Totals . 92 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 94 3. Privately controlled institutions . 96 B. Graduates by specialty . 98 1. Totals . 98 2. Publicly controlled institutions., . 100 3. Privately controlled institutions . 102 Table 12. Degrees in arts and sciences by major subjects, 1937-38. . 104 Table 13. Degrees in professional schools, both independent and uni¬ versity schools, including teacher-training institutions, 1937-38 . 106 Table 14. Honorary degrees conferred, 1937-38 . 110 Table 15. Income, 1937-38 . 112 1. Totals . 112 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 114 3. Privately controlled institutions . 116 CONTENTS V Part iii. Summaries by states — Continued. Page Table 16. Expenditures, 1937-38 . 118 1. Totals . 118 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 120 3. Privately controlled institutions . 122 Table 17. Property, 1937-38 . 124 1. Totals . 124 2. Publicly controlled institutions . 126 3. Privately controlled institutions . 128 Part iv. Detail by institutions: Table 18. Faculty, students, and degrees, 1937-38 . 132 Table 19. Students and degrees in professional schools, 1937-38. . . 180 1. Publicly controlled professional schools . 180 2. Privately controlled professional schools. . 184 Table 20. Income, 1937-38 . 194 Table 21. Expenditures, 1937-38 . 238 Table 22. Property, 1937-38 . 280 Part v. Land-grant colleges and universities: Comparative summary for 1936-37 and 1937-38 . 323 10-year undergraduate enrollment summaries . 326 10-year summaries of degrees . 329 Table 23. Comparative summary for 1936-37 and 1937-38 . 331 Table 24. 10-vear summaries — total undergraduate enrollments in different fields of instruction at 52 land-grant institu¬ tions . 332 Table 25. 10-year summaries — total degrees conferred in different fields of instruction by 52 land-grant institutions . . . 333 Table 26. 10-year summaries — total amounts of Federal land-grant funds and Federal appropriations received by 69 land- grant institutions . 333 1936- 37 Table 27. Staff . 334 Table 28. Students of college grade . 336 Table 29. Residence instruction . 338 Table 30. Degrees . 340 Table 31. General income . 344 Table 32. Expenditures . 346 Table 33. Inventories . 348 Table 34. Federal funds . 350 Table 35. Supplementary Morrill funds . 352 Table 36. Land-grant fund of 1862 . 354 1937- 38 Table 37. Staff . 356 Table 38. Students . 358 Table 39. Residence instruction . 360 Table 40. Degrees . 362 Table 41. General income . 366 Table 42. Expenditures . 368 Table 43. Fund and plant values . 370 Table 44. Federal funds . 372 Table 45. Supplementary Morrill funds . 379 Table 46. Land-grant fund of 1862 . 376 VI CONTENTS TEXT TABLES Page I. — Number of institutions reporting personnel data, 1937-38, and com¬ parison of total with 1935-36 . 4 II. — Distribution of degree-granting professional schools, 1937-38. ... 6 III. — Population and student enrollment in higher education, 1900 to 1938 . 8 IV. — Number of junior colleges and their enrollment, 1917-18 to 1937-38. 10 V. — Resident instructional staff (collegiate, professional, and graduate, not including critic teachers), 1927-28 to 1937-38 . 11 VI. — Staff engaged in special work of various sorts, 1935-36 and 1937-38. 11 VII. — Percentage analysis of staff by type of school, control, and sex. . . 12 VIII. — Resident college enrollments in all institutions of higher education, summer session excluded, 1925-26 to 1937-38 . 13 IX. — Percentage analysis of resident college enrollments, institutions of higher education, by type, control, and sex, 1937-38. . 14 X. — Estimated number of freshmen in institutions of higher education by types of institutions, 1933-34, 1935-36, and 1937-38 . 17 XI. — Honorary degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, 1927-28 to 1937-38 . 18 XII. — Estimated value of nonsalaried personal service rendered, 1937-38 and earlier years . 20 XIII. — Percentage analysis, receipts for current purposes, institutions of higher education, 1927-28 and 1937-38 . 21 XIV. — Percentage analysis, all itemized educational and general expen¬ ditures, degree-granting universities, colleges, and professional schools (excepting teachers colleges), 1935-36 and 1937-38 . 22 XV. — Population, United States, by grand divisions, 1929-37 . 24 XVI. — Income per capita in the United States, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1935, and 1937 . 26 XVII. — Changes in per capita income, United States, by divisions, 1929-37. 28 XVIII. — Student enrollment in institutions of higher education, by divi¬ sions and by States, 1929-30 to 1937-38 . 29 XIX. — Resident college enrollment, institutions of higher education, by divisions, 1929-30 to 1937-38 . 31 XX. — Number of students enrolled in institutions of higher education in each State per 10,000 of total population, 1935-36 and 1937-38. . . 32 XXI. — Degrees in course, by degree, sex of recipient, and region, 1931-32 to 1937-38 . 33 XXII. — General income, institutions of higher education, 1929-30 to 1937-38 . 34 XXIII. — Receipts from the State for higher education per capita of total population, 1937-38 . 35 XXIV. — Private gifts and grants to institutions of higher education per capita of total population, 1937-38 . 36 XXV. — Educational and general expenditures, institutions of higher education, 1929-30 to 1937-38 . 37 XXVI. — Educational and general expenditures for institutions of higher education per capita of total population, 1935-36 and 1937-38. ... 38 XXVII. — Educational and general expenditures of publicly controlled institutions of higher education per capita of total population, 1935-36 and 1937-38 . 39 XXVIII. — Extent of increase or decrease in staff, students, degrees, prop¬ erty values, Federal land-grant funds, income by sources, and expen¬ ditures by purposes for 69 land-grant institutions, 1936-37 and 1937-38. 324 CONTENTS VII Page XXIX. — Percentage distribution by source of total educational and gen¬ eral income of 69 land-grant institutions, 1936-37 and 1637-38 . . . 325 XXX. — Percentage distribution of total educational and general expen¬ ditures by purposes of 69 land-grant institutions, 1936-37 and 1937-38. 326 XXXI. — Extent of increase or decrease in undergraduate enrollments for different fields of instruction in 52 land-grant institutions, 1927-28 to 1937-38 . 327 XXXII. — Percentage distribution of undergraduate enrollments for dif¬ ferent fields of instruction at 52 white land-grant institutions, 1927-28 and 1937-38 . 328 XXXIII. — Percentage distribution of total first degrees for the different fields of instruction at 52 land-grant institutions, 1927-28 and 1937-38. 329 FIGURES 1. Percent enrollment in institutions of higher education is of population ages 18-21 and of total population 1900 to 1938 . 9 2. Higher education’s current operating dollar, 1937-38 . 21 3. Value of property, 1,434 institutions of higher education, 1938 . 23 4. Percent 1937-38 student enrollment in higher education was of 1929-30 enrollment, by States . 30 Chapter IV STATISTICS OF HIGHER EDUCATION 1937-38 1 Part I. General Findings and Interpretations Problem of Compiling Statistics of Higher Education For the statistical compilations found in the following pages the data were gathered by means of two questionnaires — one on faculty, students, and degrees; and the other on receipts, expenditures, and property. These questionnaires were sent to all of the 1,709 insti¬ tutions listed in Office of Education Bulletin 1939, No. 1, Educational Directory: 1939. This directory list is made up as follows: A. Universities, colleges, and teachers colleges: 1. Accredited by a national or regional accrediting association, or by State universities or State departments of education. 2. All State-supported institutions of collegiate grade. 3. Four-year institutions not accredited by any agency, but enrolling at least 100 resident college students in regular session and gradu¬ ating at least 10 students annually. B. Independent professional and technological schools: 1. Accredited by professional associations or approved by State uni¬ versities or State departments of education. 2. Not accredited by any agency but enrolling at least 25 resident students of college grade in regular session and graduating at least 5 students annually. C. Junior colleges and normal schools: 1. Accredited by a national or regional accrediting agency, or by State universities or State departments of education. 2. Not accredited by any agency but: (а) Requiring high-school graduation for entrance. (б) Offering 2 vears of work of college grade. (c) Enrolling 50 or more resident students of college grade in regular session. 1 Prepared under the supervision of Emery M. Foster, Chief, Division of Statistics; statistical editing and tabulating done by Margaret J. S. Carr and Maude Farr, senior statistical clerks. 1 2 BIENNIIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 (It should be noted also that questionnaires were sent to and replies received from institutions of college grade in the outlying parts of the United States, but these instituticfns are not included in the general summaries.) Of the 1,709 questionnaires sent out, usable returns on the per¬ sonnel blank were received from 1,616 institutions. Not all of these institutions supplied data on every item. In these instances, and also in the 74 instances in which institutions did not report for 1937-38, data for 1935-36 were used. The personnel data therefore include 1,690 institutions. Usable reports on finances were received from 1,474 institutions; inserting 1935-36 data for the institutions not, replying in 1937-38 results in the inclusion of data on receipts and expenditures from 1,586 institutions, and on property from 1,434. While it is impossible to indicate exactly the significance of the omission of schools from the tables for one year which are included for another year, the following statements may help to give some indication of the types of schools failing to report. First, of those failing to report on the personnel blank, very few were among the publicly controlled institutions or the large privately controlled universities, colleges, and professional schools. Practically all were highly specialized technical schools such as conservatories of music, theological seminaries, law schools, schools of optometry, etc., or were among the junior colleges intimately associated with public high schools; or if under private control, lately raised from the status of preparatory schools. The total enrollment of all these schools probably does not exceed 4,000 students of college grade. The omissions from the list of institutions supplying financial data while outnumbering those failing to supply personnel data consist quite largely of these same groups of schools, namely, privately con¬ trolled technical or professional schools and junior colleges maintained by city or district school authorities. Another type of school failing to supply financial data is the college which occupies quarters jointly with a motherhouse, an orphanage, a Y. M. C. A., or some other in¬ stitution of a philanthropic character. It is clear that data, on the higher education unit of an organization of this sort are difficult to segregate. The difficulty is accentuated when a large amount of nonsalaried service is involved in conducting the institution’s work. Furthermore, some institutions occupy rented quarters the cost or value of which they have no way of knowing. Examples of this type axe the professional schools of a proprietary character, particularly those operating in downtown office buildings in the urban centers. These schools, while they often supply excellent data on financial operations, have little or no usable data on property. Considering all of these omissions, however, it is conservative to HIGHER EDUCATION 3 estimate that if all institutions reported their financial data the national totals would not be increased by more than 5 percent. In studying statistical tables on higher education with a view to determining trends the factor of comparability of items and of totals from one biennium to another looms large. This factor is affected by (1) the number of institutions reporting the various items at different times, (2) variations in interpretation of the items in the questionnaires, and (3) changes made by the U. S. Office of Educa¬ tion in the questions asked or in the manner of editing the returns received. The first of these matters was studied carefully in connection with the Biennial Survey of Education for 1932-34 and the conclusion was reached that even though the number of institutions reporting may vary from biennium to biennium, comparisons of totals from one biennium to another are not seriously invalidated by that fact. Variations among institutions in their usage of items contained in the questionnaires still constitute a major source of difficulty in statistical compilations in higher education. The U. S. Office of Education goes carefully over all reports and edits them with a view to uniformity of interpretation, but in spite of progress toward uniformity it is recognized that certain differences in recording data still exist among the institutions. Changes in phrasing the various items of a questionnaire are made from time to time in order to reflect changing educational conditions or to increase uniformity of reporting. When any such change is made, the data returned in reply to the revised questionnaire must be carefully interpreted in terms of both the old and the new phrasing if a break in the trends is to be avoided. For example, the single question formerly used relating to the number of persons receiving the Ph. D. degree on examination no longer brings in complete data on the number of persons receiving the doctorate on examination. In recent years this question has had to be reframed so as to provide for the number of persons receiving other doctorates (Ed. D., Sc. D., etc.) and the compilations must be interpreted accordingly. Finally, although the identical item may be carried in a ques¬ tionnaire for several years, a change in tabulating the replies may cause an apparent fluctuation in the final results. To illustrate, a report may be called for on the total amount of Federal money received. Clearly, the results of any compilation based on this question will depend on whether temporary allotments from emer¬ gency funds are included in the statements or not. Number and Distribution of Institutions Reporting Totals by States. — The total number of institutions of various types which reported personnel data is 1,690 (Table I). In 15 States the 4 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 publicly controlled college and university work (excluding teachers colleges, normal schools, and junior colleges) is concentrated in one institution. Other States maintain several publicly controlled colleges and universities. Georgia, for example, has 5; North Carolina, 5; Ohio, 8; Oklahoma, 5; South Carolina, 7; Texas, 9; and Virginia, 6. This latter group of States illustrates the effects of two tendencies: First, the building up of more than one State college in a State; and second, the more recent development of municipal colleges and universities. Two States (California and New York) report a total of more than 100 institutions each and eight others (Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin) report 60 or more each. At the other end of the scale we find the two States of Nevada and Wyoming centering all their higher education activity in one institution each. Junior colleges are found in 45 States, the greatest concentration of them being in California (50 institutions), Texas (42), and Iowa (37). These 3 States have well over one-fourth of all the junior col¬ leges in the country. Other States having 20 or more institutions of this type are Kansas (21) and Missouri (20). Table I. — Number of institutions reporting personnel data, 1937-38 , and comparison of total with 1935-36 State or outlying part 1 Continental United States, 1937-38 _ Continental United States, 1935-36 _ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas _ California _ Colorado _ Connecticut _ _ Delaware _ District of Columbia _ Florida _ Georgia - Idaho _ _ Illinois _ _ _ _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine _ Maryland _ Massachusetts _ Universities, colleges, AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, 1937-38 Teacher-training institu¬ tions, 1937-38 Total Publicly con¬ trolled Privately con¬ trolled Publicly con¬ trolled Privately con¬ trolled Teach¬ Normal Teach¬ Nor¬ 4-ycar Junior 4 -year Junior ers col¬ schools ers col¬ mal 1937-38 1935-36 leges leges schools 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 138 209 806 244 160 93 14 26 1,690 136 187 782 228 156 98 12 29 1,628 3 1 11 4 5 1 25 25 1 2 2 5 5 4 6 10 1 2 23 22 1 39 44 11 7 102 97 3 4 6 1 3 17 16 1 10 6 4 1 1 1 24 21 2 1 3 2 12 6 2 1 21 20 3 1 5 5 14 11 5 12 22 7 1 47 44 1 2 2 2 2 9 9 1 8 61 10 5 2 2 1 90 86 3 1 26 3 2 2 1 38 39 2 27 26 10 1 66 66 4 14 16 2 43 39 4 14 13 4 1 36 35 4 2 9 4 2 21 21 1 6 2 2 4 15 14 2 1 18 2 3 2 28 26 2 37 9 11 1 5 65 59 HIGHER EDUCATION 5 Table I. — Number of institutions reporting personnel data , 1937-38 , and comparison of total with 1935-36 — Continued State or outlying part Universities, colleges, AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS. 1937-38 Teacher-training institu¬ tions, 1937-38 Total Publicly con¬ trolled Privately con¬ trolled Publicly con¬ trolled Privately con¬ trolled 4 -year Junior 4-year Junior Teach¬ ers col¬ leges Normal j schools Teach¬ ers col¬ leges Nor¬ mal schools 1937-38 1935-36 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 1 7 8 9 10 li Michigan . . ... _ 4 8 20 2 4 128 2 68 68 Minnesota _ 1 7 19 1 6 2 36 35 Mississippi... _ 4 11 9 8 2 34 35 Missouri... _ _ _ 2 7 24 13 8 54 56 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 10 10 2 2 13 2 4 1 24 22 Nevada _ _ _ . 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 7 6 1 3 16 3 6 1 30 31 New Mexico. _ _ _ . 3 2 2 7 7 New York _ _ _ 4 71 8 2 10 1 5 101 97 North Carolina 5 1 19 19 4 3 1 52 50 North Dakota 2 2 1 5 10 10 Ohio _ 8 48 4 2 62 61 Oklahoma 5 16 7 3 6 37 36 Oregon .. . . 2 11 2 3 2 20 20 Pennsylvania. . 1 71 5 14 91 94 Rhode Island _ 1 4 1 6 6 South Carolina .. 7 14 8 2 31 27 South Dakota 3 5 4 1 3 16 15 Tennessee _ ... . .. 2 26 10 4 1 1 44 43 Texas. .. . 9 22 29 20 7 87 83 Utah.. 2 4 3 1 10 9 Vermont ] 5 1 3 10 10 Virginia. _ . 6 19 11 4 2 42 41 Washington. .. . 2 2 8 6 3 1 22 20 West Virginia 4 1 6 4 6 21 19 Wisconsin _ _ 1 18 3 10 >28 1 61 58 W yoming _ _ 1 1 1 U. S. service schools 3 3 (!) Outlying parts ol the United States Alaska 1 1 1 Canal Zone 1 1 Hawaii 1 1 1 Philippine Islands 1 2 3 1 Puerto Rico ] 1 2 1 1 County normal schools. * One each included in Connecticut, Maryland, and New York above. Professional schools by States. — Many of the 1,690 institutions reporting maintain professional schools as part of their organizations. The total number of professional schools classified is 1,473, not in¬ cluding 138 “other” schools (table II). Hasty generalizations should not be made from this table. The fact, for instance, that no school of architecture is listed in the District of Columbia, no school of music in Georgia, no school of library science in Indiana, no school of agriculture in Massachusetts, does not mean that these subjects are not offered in these States. It means only that there are no separately organized and administered schools of these subjects reporting to this Office. In many instances professional curricula of various types are offered in colleges of arts and sciences. These professional curricula are not included in this tabulation. Table II. — Distribution of degree-granting professional schools , 1937 38 6 1936-38 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, Other S3 2 CM . cm i io 2 1 13 2 2 . rH ^ 1 10 1 1 1 4 1 2 Vet¬ eri¬ nary medi¬ cine s 2 ! ; ** | | ;HH || | | H | | hi Ci 147 1 1 c*" 8 1 3 1 2 • ^ 1 cs 4 3 2 2 1 4 9 2 4 1 1 ^ 1 CO 1 1 1 tO i Phar¬ macy ac S 1 Z I I z — < -4 HHCONH rHCM 1 2 4 1 1 2 1 2 M 5 CO 1 II 4 | 1 1 1 CM i t i i i i h 55“ S 1 CM eH rH . rH ' i : i* IHHN ! rH ! CM rH CM —t CM ! Music 2 104 4 1 1 4 2 1 1 'CO ■ ;« 5 CO CM CO hN 1 3 2 1 CM rH ! ! ^ | Medi¬ cine *+ £ i r- Tjl rH rH ! CO ' ' CM ■ ^ l 1 l 1 2 2 4 2 1 1 CO ; c -r tc--c*aoco Den¬ tist¬ ry i i ii . co » i ' 0s; i . i ii • i 1 . i-H . C 0 rH rH rH *— < I Z z I CO 1 CM Com¬ merce and busi¬ ness 1 1 134 cm | c m a> cm I • c* CM CM CM U- »C h CM iC CM Ar- chi- tec- turc s§ r‘H ; ' CM ' rH | 1 *"H ■ C 0 if ■H | i-H I I z " ! " j Mg' cul¬ ture 2 i 3 1 1 1 1 I'"” — — — -ICO- j . State or outlying part, - Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ | ATKansas _ California _ Colorado _ Connecticut... _ Delaware _ Florida _ Georgia - Idaho _ Illinois _ _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Louisiana Maryland _ _ Massachusetts _ Michigan _ Minnesota _ Mississinni Missouri _ Montana _ Nebraska _ Nevada _ New Jersey _ New Mexico _ HIGHER EDUCATION 7 geo -nr-- coec-cow n-n Ij ** ! ; hi ;*H j ii ii 15 3 7> cm ! ■O' COO i ! *G CM ! »c 1 1 CHHlOH CM ^ rH CM »“H ! ' CM iH ! -i »H ; ; ; ^ ; lO *-H | N H HN fH ! CO CM ! I CO CM 1 CM ^ C M 05 ^ | Z s T • i-4 Cl »— ' CO 05 CO CO ^ O 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 ^ ! TJ< i— ( ' 1 j ; ^ j ; ; H j j . ^ ; | ^ ^ ! CWHON CO | fH OlOH ' ^ CM CM r- CM cm I ! i CM ! ■ I . ;; ; ; H lO H H CO H H^HHH CM CM i-< CO T-i tH i-i 1- ■ | *■* ; ', ; j ; ; ^ ; | ** ; ; ^ ; *0 1 1 4 1 4 2 ■ | ; *"• ; ; ** ! rt< CM CM 05 CO ^OGCMCMCM (NNININCO CO ^-h CM ^ H co t- co 2 -l rH »H ^ CM 1-H CM CO ^ ^ CO Hi-IHI -1 ^ *“< *h Now York _ North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma . -- Oregon . . - Pennsylvania _ - IS ij 111 III Vermont _ _ Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Wyoming _ OiUlying parts of the United States Alaska _ _ _ Hawaii _ _ Philippine Islands _ Puerto Rico _ 8 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Historical Summary — 1900-1938 When the trend in college enrollments is compared with that in population from 1900 to 1938, certain facts stand out in bold relief: (1) Whereas in 1900 less than one-third of 1 percent of the total population were enrolled in college, in 1938 more than 1 percent were so enrolled. (2) Whereas in 1900 a little more than 4 percent of the number of persons 18 to 21 years of age were enrolled in college, in 1938 nearly 14 percent of the corresponding number were so enrolled. (3) The increase in college enrollments during the 38-year period is 468 percent, while that in total population is only 71 percent and that in population 18 to 21 years of age is only 63 percent. (4) In 1900 there was 1 college student to every 24.9 persons 18 to 21 years of age; in 1938 the ratio was 1 to 7.2. Table III. — Population and student enrollment in higher education , 1900 to 1938 Year Population ' Student Percent stu¬ dent enrollment is of— Total Ages 18 to 21 enrollment in higher education 2 Total popu¬ lation Popu¬ lation, ages 18 to 21 1 t 3 4 5 6 1900 _ 75, 994, 575 5, 930, 765 237, 592 0.31 4.01 1905. _ _ 84, 219, 378 6, 583, 109 264, 345 .31 4. 02 1910 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 91,972.266 7, 335, 453 355, 213 .39 4.84 1915 _ _ 99, 342, 625 7, 339, 624 403, 558 .41 5.50 1918 . . . . . . 103, 587, 955 7, 342, 126 440, 742 .43 6.00 1920 _ _ _ _ _ 105, 710, 620 7. 343, 794 597,880 .57 8. 14 1922 _ _ 109, 872, 675 7, 680, 383 681, 076 .62 8.87 1924 _ _ _ _ _ _ 113, 202,319 8, 016, 972 823, 063 .73 10. 27 1926 _ _ _ 116,531,963 8. 353. 561 941,310 .81 11.27 1928 _ _ _ _ 119,861,607 8, 690, 150 1, 053, 955 .88 12. 13 1930 __ _ _ _ _ 122. 775, 046 8, 899, 254 1, 100, 737 .90 12.37 1932 1 24. 974, 000 9, 145,000 1, 154, 117 .92 12.62 1934 _ _ _ _ _ 126, 626, 000 9, 420, 000 1,055, 360 .83 11.20 1936 _ _ _ _ 128, 429,000 9, 665. 000 1,208,227 .94 12.50 1938 _ 130, 215,000 9, 679. 000 1, 350. 905 1.04 13. 96 INCREASES, 1900 TO 1934 Number Percent 54,220,425 1 3,748,235 1,113.313 0.73 71. 35 63.20 1 468.58 235.48 1 Total population intercensal years (1905, 1915, 1918, 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938) esti¬ mated by Bureau of the Census: column 3 by U. S. Office of Education. 2 Resident students of college grade, regular session (September to June) only, duplicates omitted. High-school and college enrollments. — In connection with the rapid increase in college enrollments, the question is often asked whether an increasing proportion of higli-school graduates is going on to college each year. In spite of the fact that the increase in enrollments in higher (‘ducat ion since 1900 lias been very marked, it has been much HIGHEB EDUCATION 9 less marked than the increase in high-school enrollments. The per¬ centage of high-school graduates entering college has been decreasing since 1900. If we compare the enrollments in all types of secondary schools, including preparatory departments in colleges, with collegiate-grade enrollments in colleges and universities, including teachers colleges and normal schools, we find the following: In 1900 the ratio was 1 college student to each 2.9 secondary school students. In 1910 the ratio was 1 to 3.1; in 1920, 1 to 4.2; in 1930, 1 to 4.4; in 1934, 1 to 5.8; in 1936, 1 to 5.3, and in 1938, 1 to 4.9. This trend is even more apparent when undergraduate enrollments in colleges and universities of a given year are compared with those in secondary schools 4 years earlier. In 1900, for example, there were 237,592 resident undergraduate students in colleges of arts and professional schools. This was 42.5 percent of the 559,003 students in secondary schools in 1896. That is, the ratio of undergraduate college enrollment to secondary enrollment 4 years earlier was 1 to 2.4. In 1910 this ratio was 1 to 2.4; in 1920 it was 1 to 3; and in 1930 it was 1 to 4. In 1932 it was 1 to 4.2, in 1934 and 1936 it was 1 to 5, and in 1938 it was 1 to 4.8. Rise of the junior college. — One of the most interesting developments in the field of higher education in recent years has been the growth 254432 0—41 - 2 10 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 of the junior college. Statistics on this type of school have been collected by this Office since 1918 only, but this period represents the era of their greatest growth. During this 20-year period junior colleges have increased rapidly both in numbers and in enrollment. In 1937-38 the numbers enrolled in junior colleges equalled 17.6 percent of all undergraduate enroll¬ ments in arts and sciences, including arts and science divisions in teacher- training institutions. The corresponding percentage for 1917-18 was only 1.9. The publicly controlled junior colleges in 1938 enrolled on the aver¬ age 393 students each, while the average enrollment of the privately controlled junior colleges was 162. In 1917-18 the average enroll¬ ment for each type of junior college was 98. Table IV. — Number of junior colleges and their enrollment , 1917-18 to 1937-38 Year All schools reporting Publicly controlled Privately controlled Number Enroll¬ ment Number Enroll- men Number Enroll¬ ment 1 1 3 4 5 G 7 1917-18 _ 46 4. 504 14 1,367 32 3, 137 1919-20 _ 52 8, 102 10 2,940 42 5, 162 1921-22 _ 80 12, 124 17 4, 771 63 7,353 1923-24 _ 132 20, 559 39 9,240 93 11, 319 1925-26 _ 153 27, 095 47 13. 859 106 13, 236 1927-28 _ 248 44, 855 114 28, 437 134 16. 418 1929-30 _ 277 55, 616 129 36,501 148 19, 115 1931-32 _ 342 85. 063 159 58, 887 183 26, 176 1933-34 _ 322 78, 480 152 55, 869 170 22,611 193.5-36 _ _ _ 415 102, 453 187 70, 557 228 31, 896 1937-38 _ 453 121, 510 209 82, 041 244 39, 469 Other trends. — For other trends reference is made to table 1, page 43, which gives a historical summary of certain items of general interest for institutions of higher education from 1899-1900 to 1937-38. It is in three parts, part 1 summarizing all institutions from 1929-30 to the present, part 2 giving certain details on universities, colleges, and professional schools from 1899-1900 on, and part 3 presenting data on teacher-training institutions. Faculty, Students, and Degrees, 1937-38 Faculty. — The 1,690 institutions in the country required the equiva¬ lent of more than 123,000 full-time staff members, including adminis¬ trative officers, teachers, extension and research workers, and other professional employees, but not including clerical or custodial help. This represents a noteworthy increase over the 1935-36 report, both in number of institutions reporting and in number of persons em¬ ployed (table 2, p. 46). HIGHER EDUCATION 11 Resident instruction as distinguished from extension instruction and research claimed the services of 80,596 men and 29,696 women, or 110,292 persons in all. These figures are not reduced to a full-time basis (table 7, p. 72). These included 46,641 employed in publicly controlled institutions and 63,651 in institutions under private (including church) control. Of the total number reported, 102,895 were in work of collegiate grade; 5,966 were reported as critic teachers; and 3,734 were teaching second¬ ary school students. The figures reveal that 2,303 teachers were counted twice in these groups — collegiate, critic, and secondary teachers — thus showing that they divided their time among the three types of teaching. The total numbers of teachers conducting resident classes of college grade increased from 76,080 in 1927-28 to 102,895 in 1937-38. This is an increase of 11.1 percent. Table V. — Resident instructional staff (< collegiate , professional, and graduate, not in¬ cluding critic teachers ) 1927-28 to 1937-38 Increase over previous biennial report Year Number Number Percent 1 2 3 4 1927-28 _ 76,080 5, 406 7.6 1929-30 _ 82,386 6,306 8.3 1931-32 _ 88, 172 5,786 7.0 1933-34 _ 86, 914 i -1, 258 » —1.4 1935-36 _ 92,580 5,666 6.5 1937-38... _ _ _ _ 102, 895 10, 315 11.1 1 Decrease. The numbers of staff members engaged in services other than regular resident teaching increased from 1935-36 to 1937-38. The percentages of increase are as follows: Correspondence work, 9.8; extension class instruction, 11.6; agriculture and home economics extension, 15; county home and club agencies, 0.1; agricultural experiment station staff, 8.9; other research workers, 75.6. Summer sessions in 1937 required the services of 34,145 teachers. This is 17.5 percent more than the 29,055 so employed in the 1935 session. Table VI. — Staff engaged in special uorh of various sorts, 1935-36 and 1937-38 Type of work 1935-36 1937-38 i Percent of increase 1 2 ' 4 Summer session, 1935 and 1937 _ .. . . . . . 29,055 3,388 6,015 2, 166 5, 816 3,069 1, 276 34, 145 3, 719 6,713 2, 490 5, 824 3, 343 2,241 1 17.5 9.8 11.6 15.0 .1 8.9 75.6 Correspondence work _ _ _ Extension class instruction . _ . _ _ _ Agricultural and home economics extension _ _ _ _ Countv, home, and club agents . . . . . Agricultural experiment station staff Other research workers _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 The ratio of men to women in teaching staffs varies greatly according to the type of institution. While the number of women staff members is a little less than one-third the number of men in publicly controlled colleges and universities, and a little more than one-third of the num¬ ber of men in the privately controlled colleges and universities, women far outnumber men in the staffs of teachers colleges and normal schools, and somewhat outnumber men in all the nondegree-granting institutions taken as a group. Table VII. — Percentage analysis of staff by type of school , control, and sex , 1937-38 Item All institutions report¬ ing Universities, colleges, and professional schools Teachers colleges and normal schools Pub¬ lic Pri¬ vate All Pub¬ lic Pri¬ vate All Pub¬ lic Pri¬ vate All i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All institutions reporting: Men _ . _ _ 32.8 38.3 71.1 32. 1 42.0 74. 1 40.0 3.0 43.0 Women 14.5 14.4 28.9 10.5 15.4 25.9 51.6 5.4 57.0 Total _ _ 47.3 52.7 100.0 42.6 57.4 100.0 91.6 8.4 100.0 Total number of staff mem¬ bers _ __ . 123, 677 111,748 11,929 Degree-granting institutions: Men 33.2 40. 1 73.3 32.3 43.9 76.2 42.8 2.2 45.0 Women . _ _ . 13.6 13. 1 26.7 9.7 14.1 23.8 51.5 3.5 55.0 Total _ 46.8 53.2 100.0 42.0 58.0 100.0 94.3 5.7 100.0 Total number of staff mem¬ bers _ . ----- - _ 112,927 102, 648 10, 279 Nondegree- granting insti¬ tutions: Men _ _ 28.7 19.4 48. 1 29.8 21.4 51.2 22.7 7.9 30.6 Women _ _ _ 23.7 28.2 51.9 18.6 30.2 48.8 51.9 17.5 69.4 Total _ _ 52.4 47.6 100.0 48.4 51.6 100.0 74.6 25.4 100.0 Total number of staff mem¬ bers - _ _ _ 10, 750 9. 100 1,650 The question is frequently asked whether the ratio of men to women staff members has changed greatly in recent decades. By reference to a comparable table for 1890 it is found that the women constituted 20.9 percent of the staffs of all colleges and universities taken as a group (excluding teachers colleges and normal schools). For 1938, the comparable figure is 25.9 percent. This gain in the percentage of women college teachers may well be placed side by side with the fact that women are gaining on men in the number of graduate degrees earned. (See table 1.) While the number of graduate degrees granted to men increased 8.5 fold from 1900 to 1938, the number granted to women increased 24.2 fold, or nearly three times as fast. Students , total enrollments. — The 1,690 institutions carried in this HIGHER EDUCATION 13 compilation enrolled a total of more than 1,350,000 resident students above secondary grade during the regular session (September-June) 1937-38, and more than 425,000 for the summer session of 1937. The total enrollment in the regular session has increased 433,443, or 47.2 percent, in the past 12 years, although the increase has not been continuous or regular. Table VIII. — Resident college enrollments in all institutions of higher education, summer session excluded , 1925-26 to 1937-38 Year Enrollment Increase over previous report Number Percent ■ 2 3 4 1925-26.... _ _ _ _ _ 917, 462 1, 053, 955 1, 100, 737 1, 154, 117 91,399 136, 493 46, 782 53,380 11.5 1927-28 . . . . . . . 14.9 1929-30 _ 4.4 1931-32.. _ _ 4.9 1933-34 _ _ _ _ 1, 055, 360 1, 208, 227 1, 350, 905 i-98, 757 1-8.6 1935-36 _ ...... 152, 867 142, 678 433, 443 14.5 1937-38 _ 11.8 12- year increase . .... _ _ 47.2 i Decrease. Percentage oj men and women students. — The ratio between men and women students in all institutions of higher education taken together is approximately 3 to 2. Considering the fact that women were admitted to institutions of higher education such a short time ago this ratio is quite remarkable. The slowly increasing percent of men students is also worthy of note. In 1931-32, 57.8 percent of all students in higher education were men. In 1933-34 the corresponding percentage was 58.3. In 1935-36 it was 58.3 and in 1937-38 it was 59.5. This same tendency is observable in the teachers college and normal school group, where the percent of men has risen from 33.2 in 1931-32 and 1933-34 to 35.4 in 1935-36 and 35.5 in 1937-38. Public and private institutions compared. — When this study is carried further, certain facts stand out prominently. First, in the regular session (September to June) the increasing tendency of students to attend publicly controlled institutions is quite apparent.^ In 1937-38, just 51 percent of all students in higher education were in institutions under the control of a State or local governmental unit. This is a slight increase over 1935-36, when the percentage was 50.8. In 1933-34 it went over 50 for the first time, reaching 50.2. In 1931-32 it was 48. This tendency is especially marked in the junior colleges, where 67.5 percent of the enrollment is in publicly controlled institutions. Nevertheless, this group has exhibited a slight downward trend since 14 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 1933-34, when 71.2 percent of all junior college students were in publicly controlled institutions. Table IX. — Percentage analysis of resident college enrollments , institutions of higher education , by type , control , and sex , 1937-38 Item ALL INSTITUTIONS REPORTING Universities, col¬ leges, AND PROFES¬ SIONAL SCHOOLS Teachers colleges AND NORMAL schools Pub¬ licly con¬ trolled Pri¬ vately con¬ trolled Total Pub¬ licly con¬ trolled Pri¬ vately con¬ trolled Total Pub¬ licly con¬ trolled Pri¬ vately con¬ trolled Total ■ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I. Regular year, 1937-38: All institutions reporting: Men _ Women _ . _ Total—. _ 29.8 21.2 29.7 19.3 59. 5 40.5 29.3 16.5 33.1 21. 1 62.4 37.6 34. 1 60.4 1.4 4.1 35.5 64.5 51.0 ! 49.0 1 100.0 45.8 54.2 100.0 94.5 5. 5 1 100.0 Total number of stu- 1,350,905 1,205,256 145,649 Degree-granting institu¬ tions: Men.. 29.0 20.0 31.7 19.3 60.7 39.3 28.2 15.2 35.3 21.3 63.5 36.5 35.9 60.1 1.2 2.8 37.1 62.9 Women _ ... Total _ _ 49.0 51.0 100.0 43.4 56.6 100.0 96.0 4.0 100.0 Total number of stu¬ dents . . 1,214,022 1,083,746 130,276 Non-degree-granting insti¬ tutions: Men . 36.8 32.3 12.1 18.8 48.9 51.1 39.1 28.4 13.2 19.3 52.3 47.7 19.1 62.6 3.1 15.2 22.2 77.8 Women . Total.. . 69.1 30.9 100.0 67.5 32.5 100.0 81.7 18.3 100. 0 Total number of stu¬ dents _ 136,883 121,510 15,373 II. Summer session, 1937: All instututions reporting: Men _ _ 22.5 38.5 14.4 24.6 36.9 63.1 22.3 26.9 19.2 31.6 41.5 58.5 23.0 70.9 1.1 5.0 24.1 75.9 Women _ Total _ . 61.0 39.0 100.0 49.2 50.8 100.0 93.9 6.1 100.0 Total number of stu¬ dents. 429,864 317,019 112,845 Degree-granting institu¬ tions: Men. 22.7 38.1 14.8 24.4 | 37.5 I 62.5 22.4 19.4 26.9 31.3 41.8 58.2 23.9 70.9 1.0 4.2 24.9 75.1 Women _ Total 60.8 39.2 100.0 49.3 50.7 100.0 94.8 5.2 100.0 Total number of stu¬ dents _ ... 1 410,139 306,245 103,894 Non-degree-granting insti¬ tutions: Men _ _ _ Women _ 17.7 46.5 6.9 28.9 24.6 75.4 21.2 26.8 11.2 40.8 32.4 67.6 13.4 70.3 1.7 14.6 15.1 84.9 Total _ C4.2 35.8 100.0 48.0 52.0 100.0 83.7 16.3 100.0 Total number of stu¬ dents _ 19,725 10,774 8,951 HIGHER EDUCATION 15 In the teachers colleges and normal schools 94.5 percent of all enroll¬ ments are in publicly controlled schools, where this percentage has been above 96 within the last few years. The more rapid increase in enrollments of the publicly controlled institutions of higher education is also noticeable in the degree-granting university, college, and pro¬ fessional school group, although as yet (1937-38) not quite half of the enrollments are in the publicly controlled group. The percentages from 1931-32 on are: 1931-32, 4.05; 1933-34, 43.6; 1935-36, 44.8; 1937-38, 49. Second, in the summer session of 1937 the tendency toward publicly controlled institutions was very pronounced. In all the schools re¬ porting for that session, 61 percent of the enrollments were in institu¬ tions under public control. (Data are not at hand to permit com¬ parisons with previous summer sessions.) Another feature is the numerical relation between summer school enrollment and that in the regular session. Among the teacher¬ training institutions, summer session enrollments ran more than three- fourths as large as those of the regular session. They were only about one-fourth as large in the degree-granting university, college, and professional school group and were a minor factor in the junior colleges. Certain other facts concerning enrollments should be mentioned. First, the enrollments in professional schools are approaching the numbers enrolled in arts and sciences. Comparisons based on the 1937-38 enrollments may be seen at a glance in the following tabula¬ tion: Students Enrolled in— Colleges of arts and sciences Professional schools 1 2 3 Undergraduate: Men _ _ _ . . _ . . _ . _ _ _ _ _ 374, 147 315. 143 381, 203 199, 981 Women - - . _ _ .. . _ Total - . _ . . . . _. 689.290 581, 184 Graduate: Men _ __ ... . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ...... 29, 065 19, 852 26, 789 15, 095 Women .. . _ .... _ Total . . . _ 48, 917 41, 884 Considering men students only, it will be noted that the enrollments in professional schools exceed the enrollments in arts and sciences. The majority of women, however, are attending arts and sciences. It should be borne in mind when interpreting these figures, that all undergraduate enrollments in colleges of arts and sciences are counted as arts and science students in the tabulations even though some of 16 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 them may be pursuing a professional curriculum, such as commerce and business offered by the liberal arts colleges. If such students were added to those enrolled in professional schools, the differential in favor of professional enrollments would be greater than is here shown. Second, between 1936 and 1938 the increase in graduate enrollments in arts and sciences was 7,569, while that in graduate enrollments in professional schools was 3,661. This is a reversal of the trend from 1934 to 1936, when the increase in arts and sciences was 2,652 and that in professional schools was 6,117. For the 4-year period, 1934-38, the increase in arts and sciences graduate enrollments was 10,221; in professional schools the corresponding increase was 9,778. In other words, although graduate enrollments in professional schools are still below those in arts and sciences, they are increasing at a faster rate. This is especially significant when it is recalled that in many universities the doctorate is administered by the graduate school, regardless of whether the degree is general or professional in character. Third, it may be surprising to note that graduate enrollments in professional schools exceed graduate enrollments in arts and sciences in the privately controlled institutions, but fall notably below them in institutions under public control. That is, in publicly controlled institutions graduate work in arts and sciences predominates over graduate work in professional curricula. This is true in spite of the fact that the ratio of graduate men students to graduate women students is markedly higher in the publicly controlled institutions than in the privately controlled ones. Number oj freshmen.— Estimates of the total numbers of freshmen in institutions of higher education are: 1933-34, 307,690; 1935-36, 366,734; and 1937-38, 367,983. These numerical estimates are based on reports from institutions having well over 90 percent of the total undergraduate enrollment for each year, and the percentages used in the table are calculated on this basis so as to approximate the actual total freshman students divided by the total enrollment (undergraduate and graduate). By “freshman” is meant a student pursuing his first year above a 4-year high-school course. It is evident that the percent of the total student body enrolled in the freshman class remained fairly stationary throughout the period, but detailed analysis of the figures shows that it fluctuated somewhat in certain types of institutions. A decrease in number of freshmen from 1933-34 to 1937-38 is shown in each of the teachers college and normal school groups. A decrease in percent of freshmen is shown for every type of school except the publicly controlled junior college. In this group the 59.03 percent reported for 1933-34 gives place to 63.77 percent for 1937—38. Closely related to this fact is the large number of freshmen in junior HIGHER EDUCATION 17 colleges and normal schools. Of all freshmen entering college in 1937-38, 21.4 percent entered junior colleges or normal schools. In 1935-36 the corresponding percentage was 18.3; in 1933-34 it was 17.2. Table X. — Estimated number of freshmen in institutions of higher education , by types of institutions , 1933-34 , 1935-36. and 1937-38 1933-34 » 1935-36 2 1937-38 3 Type of institution Esti¬ mated number of fresh¬ men Percent of total enroll¬ ment Esti¬ mated number of fresh¬ men Percent of total enroll¬ ment Esti¬ mated number of fresh¬ men Percent of total enroll¬ ment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Degree-granting: Universities, colleges, and pro¬ fessional schools: Publicly controlled. .. ___ _ _ _ 92, 729 26.90 112,069 27.64 114, 346 24. 34 Privately controlled _ . _ . _ _ 120,860 24.37 141, 708 25.54 135, 452 22.06 Teachers colleges: Publicly controlled _ _ ... Private controlled _ _ _ £9, 709 1.479 34.86 36.91 44, 702 1,316 36.29 28.05 38, 014 1,339 30.38 25.94 Non-degree granting junior colleges: Publiclv controlled _ 32, 978 59.03 41. 840 59.30 52, 320 63. 77 Privately controlled _ 12, 919 57. 14 18,200 57.06 21, 365 54. 13 Ncrmal schools: Publicly controlled _ _ 5, 973 38. 76 5,620 37. 62 4,153 33.08 Privately controlled . . . . 1,043 36.68 1,279 48.02 994 35.26 Total _ I 307, 690 29.15 366, 734 30.35 | 367, 983 27.24 1 Based on 91.70 percent of undergraduate enrollment reported. 2 Based on 93.67 percent of undergraduate enrollment reported. 3 Based on 96.18 percent of undergraduate enrollment reported. Data at hand do not offer an explanation of the fact that from 1933- 34 to 1937-38 enrollments of freshmen increased only 19.6 percent, whereas enrollments of all resident undergraduate students increased 28.1 percent; those of graduate students, 26.9 percent; and all resident college enrolL mts 28 percent. Increasing interest in the more ad¬ vanced college and graduate courses, improving financial conditions and the relatively large freshmen enrollment in 1933-34 following the low year of 1932-33 are three possible explanations. Students in other types of courses. — The enrollment figures so far discussed do not include the following: 71,946 collegiate and 15,458 noncollegiate students in correspondence work; 223,405 collegiate and 60,364 noncollegiate students in extension work; 80,542 persons tak¬ ing short courses, usually of not more than a week in length; 32,874 secondary pupils in collegiate institutions (not in training schools); 30,960 persons enrolled for individual lessons in music, art, etc. ; and 30,298 secondary and 50,683 elementary pupils in training schools attached to institutions which train teachers. Further details of these enrollments will be found in table 9, page 80. Earned degrees. — Almost 165,000 persons received the baccalaureate or the first professional degree in 1937-38; more than 21,000 the mas¬ ter’s degree or a comparable advanced degree; and the doctorate was conferred on 2,932 persons. Percents of increase from 1935-36 are: Baccalaureate and first professional, 15.2 percent; master’s, 18.2; and doctor’s, 5.8 percent (tables 1 and 2, pp. 43 and 46). 18 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 When degrees in professional schools in 1937-38 are compared with those granted in 1935-36, some rather striking changes are notice¬ able. When professional school enrollments for the 2 years are brought into comparison, these changes appear all the more striking. Of the 11 professions traditionally listed by this Office (table 6, p. 70), five show a greater percent of increase in students than in degrees, one (medicine) showing an increase of 3 percent in students, but a decrease of 1 percent in degrees. Six professions show a greater percent of increase in degrees than in students, the most striking being agricul¬ ture, where an increase of 47 percent in students is more than matched by one of 65 percent in degrees granted; and education, where the number of students increased 0.01 of 1 percent, but 15 percent more persons took degrees in 1938 than in 1936. Honorary degrees. — The total number of honorary degrees reported in 1937-38 was 1,500. This is 11.4 percent more than in 1935-36, when 1,347 were reported. The doctorate was as usual the most popular honorary degree, 1,397, or 93.1 percent, being of this designation. Thirty-three dif¬ ferent types of doctorate were conferred, the four most frequent being the LL. D., the D. D., the Litt. D., and the Sc. D. These four degrees have been the most frequent for each biennium since 1918, although the order of frequency has varied somewhat. From 1917— 18 to 1925-26 the D. D. was given most frequently; from 1927-28 to the present the LL. D. has led. Up to 1935-36 the Sc. D. was third, but in 1937-38 the Litt. D. was awarded to a few more persons. One honorary Ph. D. was conferred in 1937-38. Thirteen types of honorary master’s degrees were conferred on 91 persons, the M. A. and M. S. being the most common. Four types of honorary baccalaureate were conferred on 11 persons. Table XI. — Honorary degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, 1927-28 to 1937-38 Degree 1927-28 1929-30 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 2 3 4 5 6 7 LL. D . 402 480 403 478 438 571 D. D._ . 378 329 320 339 363 334 Litt. D . . 88 138 96 109 112 142 Sc. D . 104 148 115 116 144 136 L. H. D . 47 26 35 44 57 62 A. M . - . 63 61 56 45 62 55 Eng. D . . . 17 22 24 26 38 40 Mus. Doc . 25 20 19 32 21 23 Ped. D. . . . 5 10 8 10 15 15 D. F. A ... . - . 3 4 2 3 14 M. S . - . 18 10 18 9 5 11 D. C. L . . . . . 7 6 4 7 10 10 Ed. D . 12 7 10 13 15 10 S. T. D . 9 16 1 7 9 8 Other . . 67 74 54 43 55 69 Total . . - 1,245 1,347 1,167 1,280 1,347 1,500 HIGHER EDUCATION 19 Finances, General Summary In 1937-38 the total income of 1,586 institutions of higher education, available for general purposes, amounted to well over half a billion dollars. (Table 3, page 50.) If we add to it the amount usable only for increase of physical plant, the total comes to just over $580,000,000. This represents an increase of 18.2 percent over the amount reported by 1,541 institutions in 1936. The increase in institutions is 2.9 percent. Income From student fees. — Income from student fees (for matriculation, tuition, laboratory and library fees, and other educational purposes) amounted in all institutions reporting to $178,996,228. This repre¬ sents an increase of 13.2 percent over the 1935-36 total of $158,134,025. In 1933-34 the corresponding figure was $138,257,350. Student fees in 1937-38 constituted 17.8 percent of the total receipts of publicly controlled institutions; they amounted to 50.7 percent of the total receipts of privately controlled institutions. From endowments. — Earnings of endowment funds came to a total of $70,654,211 for all institutions reporting in 1937-38. This amount was 17.6 percent more than the $60,090,075 reported in 1935-36. It constituted 2.6 percent of the total general income of publicly controlled institutions, but amounted to 25.1 percent of the total in institutions under private control. From public funds. — Income from public sources totaled $192,394,- 548, or 36.8 percent of the total. Of this amount $29,344,723, or 5.6 percent, was from Federal funds; $140,959,123, or 27 percent, came from State governments; and $22,090,702, or 4.2 percent, was provided by cities, counties, school districts, and other local subdivisions of the various States. These figures do not include appropriations specially designated for building purposes and therefore should not be com¬ pared with the figures given in 1935-36, which do include such appropriations. From gifts and grants. — Private gifts for current or undesignated purposes amounted to $36,908,257, or 7.1 percent of the total. In addition, $20,665,165 was received for increasing the physical plant, making a total of $57,573,422 for current and capital purposes. This represents an increase of $20,458,182, or 55.1 percent, over the $37,115,240 reported for these purposes in 1935-36. Gifts for increase of permanent funds totaled $39,800,025, which is $7,238,523, or 15.4 percent, less than the $4-7,038,548 reported in 1935-36. The total of private gifts and grants for all purposes in 1937-3S was $97,373,447. This is greater by $13,219,659, or 15.7 percent, than the $84,153,788 reported in 1935-36. 20 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 As might be expected, the bulk of private gifts to higher education went to institutions under private control, more than $85,000,000 going to these institutions. Of special interest is the shift in the share going to publicly controlled institutions. In 1929-30 these schools received 6.3 percent of the total of all private gifts and grants reported; in 1931-32 their share was 7.1 percent; in 1933-34 it rose to 9.8 per¬ cent; and in 1935-36 it came to 16.9 percent. In 1937-38, however, it dropped to 12.2 percent. Nonsalaried service. — Included among the nearly 37 million dollars of private gifts and grants for current expenses is nonsalaried service valued by the 198 institutions receiving it at a total of $7,176,944. This is 8.3 percent more than in 1935-36, when $6,626,715 was re¬ ported by 170 institutions. Details of the contributions of this type in 1937-38 and earlier years are found in table XII. Table XII. — Estimated value of nonsalaried personal service rendered , 1937-38 and earlier years Years All institutions reporting Publicly controlled institutions Privately controlled institutions Number Amount Number Amount Number Amount 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1937-38: Degree-granting _ Non-degree-granting _ Total _ _ _ _ 1935-36.. _ _ _ 1933-34 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1931-32 _ _ _ _ 152 46 $6, 461, 742 715,202 5 3 $60, 143 1,620 147 43 $6, 401, 599 713, 582 198 7, 176, 944 8 61,763 190 7, 115, 181 170 6, 626, 715 3 64, 574 167 6, 562, 141 160 6, 077, 877 6 82,800 154 5, 995, 077 141 5. 102, 905 7 243, 350 134 4, 859, 555 Auxiliary enterprises and activities. — Receipts from all auxiliary enterprises and activities totaled $130,523,094. These included ath¬ letics, boarding and rooming houses operated by the institutions, stu¬ dent unions, student infirmaries, and similar extracurricular activities. Comparisons of Amounts of General Income From the Several Sources The growing tendency of universities and colleges to assess educa¬ tional costs against students is still apparent (table XIII). Whereas in 1927-28 institutions under public control derived 14 percent of their general income from student fees, in 1937-38 the portion thus derived was 17.8 percent. In like manner privately controlled insti¬ tutions pushed their collections from students from 47 percent of the total in 1927-28 to 50.8 percent of it in 1937-38. The percent for all institutions rose from 31 to 34.3. HIGHER EDUCATION 21 During this same 10-year period, endowment earnings dropped for publicly controlled institutions, but increased slightly for those under private control. For the entire field of higher education, the trend is downward. Contributions from the United States Government shot up and those from State and local governments (for current purposes only) went up slightly in the entire field of higher education. They dropped a fraction of 1 percent, however, in the publicly controlled group. Private gifts and grants increased in importance in all types of schools. Receipts from other (miscellaneous) sources dropped sharply. Whether this drop is due to an actual drying up of institutional earn¬ ings, rents of college properties, and other sources not easily classi¬ fiable, or whether it is due to excluding bond sales and borrowings from the report in 1937-38 cannot be determined from the data at hand (table XIII, fig. 2). HOt THE DOLLAR WAS 3PEHT Administration and general expenae 11.9 oenta •Resident Instruction 58.6 cents Organised research 5.3 oenta Extension 7.2 cents Libraries_ 3.7 oenta Plant operation and maintenance 13.3 oenta •Including r dated activities 5-0 oente Figure 2.— Higher education’s current operating dollar, 1937-38. Table XIII. — Percentage analysis , receipts for current purposes,1 institutions oj higher education, 1927-28 and 1937-38 HOT THE DOLLAR 116 PROVIDED Student fees 34.3 oenta Endowment earnings 13.3 oenta federal Oovarnment 5.6 oenta State governments 27.0 oenta Looal governments 4.2 oenta Private girts and grants 7.1 oenta Sales and servlees 5.4 oenta Miscellaneous 2.9 cents Item Publicly controlled institutions Privately controlled institutions All institutions reporting 1927-28 1937-38 1927-28 1937-38 1927-28 1937-38 1 1 2 1 3 4 1 5 6 7 Number of institutions reporting _ 359 586 854 1,000 1,213 1,586 Source: Student fees _ _ - . . 14.0 17.9 47.0 50.8 31.0 34.3 Endowment earnings _ 2.9 2.3 24.7 24.9 14. 1 13.5 U. S. Government _ 5.7 10.4 .4 .8 3.0 5.6 State and local governments _ 60.8 59.2 1.9 3.0 30.6 31.2 Private gifts and grants _ 1. 1 1.7 9.4 12.5 5.3 7. 1 Other sources 2 _ 15.5 8.5 16.6 8.0 16.0 8.3 Total _ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 Including educational and general, noneducational, and other nonrevolving funds. 2 Includes bond sales and borrowings in 1927-28, but excludes these items in 1937-38. 22 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Expenditures Educational and general. — Educational and general expenditures, as reported by 1,586 institutions, totaled $475,191,638 in 1937-38. This is $55,308,805, or 13.2 percent, more than the amount reported in 1935 -36 by 1,540 institutions. Increases are reported in all of the items as follows: Administration and general control, 17.3 percent; resident instruction: Colleges, schools, and departments, 12.4 percent; related activities, 18.7 percent; organized research, 14.1 percent; extension, 16.2 percent; libraries, 13.2 percent; operation and mainte¬ nance of the physical plant, 10.5 percent. These percentages of increases from 1936 to 1938 are much more uniform than those shown from 1934 to 1936. When it is recalled that the increase in student enrollment for the biennium was 11.8 percent, it will be seen that these increases in expenditures are only a little more than would be expected to care for the increased load of instruction. Percentage analyses of the educational and general expenditures in degree-granting universities, colleges, and professional schools are given in table XIV. Analyses of these same expenditures, excepting extension, are presented in table 4. Table XIV. — Percentage analysis , all itemized educational and general expenditures r degree-granting universities , colleges , and professional schools ( excepting teachers colleges ), 1935-36 and 1937-38 Item Publicly controlled institutions Privately controlled institutions All institutions reporting 1935-36 1937-38 1935-36 1937-38 1935-36 1937-38 * 1 3 4 a 6 7 Number of institutions. _ _ _ 139 135 736 745 875 880 1. Administration and general expense _ 7.7 7.2 14.4 15.3 11.4 11.6 2. Resident instruction: (a) Colleges, schools, and depart¬ ments _ . 46.3 46. 6 57.9 57.0 52.7 52.2 (61 Related activities _ .. 6.8 7. 1 4. 1 4.5 5.3 5. 7 3. Organized research _ 8.8 9.4 3.7 3. 2 6.0 6.1 4. Extension _ _ 15.9 15.9 1.3 1.6 ?.§ 8. 1 5. Libraries _ 3. 1 3.1 4.3 4.2 3.7 3. 7 6. Physical plant operation and mainte¬ nance... _ _ _ 11.4 10.7 14.3 14.2 13.6 12.6 Total _ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Capital outlay. — Expenditures under this heading were in 1937-38: For buildings and grounds, $58,523,210; for equipment, $11,942,452; total, $70,465,662. This represents an increase of 48.8 percent over the 1935-36 total of $47,369,407, which may be compared with the 60.6 percent increase for the period 1934-36. The proportion of total capital outlays spent at publicly controlled institutions fluctuated HIGHER EDUCATION 23 from 38.8 percent in 1933-34 to 71.3 percent in 1935-36 and to 58.1 percent in 1937-38. Property Buildings , grounds, and equipment. — The buildings, grounds, and equipment used primarily for educational purposes were valued at a total of $2,556,074,571 in 1938. Of this amount, 42.9 percent was Figure 3.— Value of property, 1, 434 institutions of higher education, 1938 held by publicly controlled institutions and 57.1 percent by institu¬ tions under private control. The total represents an increase of 8.3 percent over that reported in 1936. Reports on property were received from 1,434 institutions. This is an increase of 72, or 5.3 percent, over the number of schools reporting these items for 1935-36. Endowment, annuity funds, loan funds, and other permanent funds. — In 1938 the amount of these funds totaled $1,721,841,136, which represents an increase of 6.1 percent over the $1,623,105,000 reported in 1936. As might be expected, by far the greater portion of these funds is held by private institutions, $1,507,461,732, or 87.5 percent, being held by schools of this type. Socioeconomic Factors Up to this point the discussion has served to focus attention on the extent of higher education as an American institution. The 24 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 number of schools and colleges, the thousands of teachers and stu¬ dents, the large-scale financial operations and great investments in plant and in income-producing properties, these have all received attention. No less vital to an understanding of the system is a study of its background of social and economic conditions. Probably the two most obvious factors in this background are those of population and per capita income, as it is clear that the number and size of colleges in an area is very closely related to the number of people in that area and the amount of money each of them is able to spend. The next few paragraphs will therefore explore some of these related matters. Population Changes Estimates -of population prepared by the United States Bureau of the Census show a remarkably regular increase for the period 1929-37 (table XV). This regularity is especially noticeable from 1931 on, although it is not apparent in all sections of the country. The North Atlantic States show the greatest stability of population; the North Central group appear to have grown the most slowly and the South Atlantic group the most rapidly; the other sections (South Central and Western) have kept fairly close pace and in 1937 stood at 8.2 percent above the 1929 figure. Table XV. — Population trends and analyses,1 1929-1937, by divisions Division 1929 1931 1933 1935 1937 ■ 2 3 4 5 6 I. Percents of 1929: North Atlantic __ __ .. _ _ ... 100.0 102. 2 103.5 104.9 105.9 North Central _ . _ _ . _ .. 100.0 101.4 101.9 102.7 103.7 South Atlantic _ _ _ _ 100.0 102.7 105.2 107.8 110.2 South Central _ _ _ _ 100.0 102.5 104.4 106.3 108.2 Western _ . . _ _ 100.0 103. 1 104.5 106.1 108.2 Total _ 100.0 102.1 103.5 104.9 106.4 II. Percents of total: North Atlantic _ _ 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 27.9 North Central... _ 31.5 31.3 31.0 30.8 30.7 South Atlantic _ _ _ _ 12.9 13.0 13. 1 13.3 13.4 South Central _ _ _ 18.0 18.0 18.2 18.2 18.2 Western. _ _ _ _ _ 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.8 Total _ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 Source, Bureau of the Census. HIGHER EDUCATION 25 Income per Capita When data on population in the several States and grand divisions are set alongside estimates of personal income, as prepared by the National Industrial Conference Board2 for the calendar years shown, the great differences in per capita income among the various sections of the country become apparent. In 1929, for example, the income per capita ranged from $263.98 in the poorest State to $1,084.34 in the wealthiest (the District of Columbia omitted). (Table XVI.) The ratio is thus seen to be 1 to 4.11. In 1931 this ratio, similarly calculated, was 1 to 5.68, in 1933 it was 1 to 4.69, in 1935 it was 1 to 4.11 again, and in 1937 it was 1 to 3.93. When States are grouped in grand divisions the more extreme of these variations disappear, but it is noteworthy that in each of the years the per capita income in the wealthiest division (North Atlantic) is more than twice that in the poorest division (South Central). 2 Income estimates made by the United States Department of Commerce were published just after the preparation of this bulletin. While they carry different totals by States, their general trend is similar to that shown by the figures here used. 254432 0—41 - 3 * Table X VI. — Income per capita in the United States, 1029, 1931, 1933, 1935, and 1937 26 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 i mu mmm mmmm mu mu sfiSIlilggil mu i SSBS3S lilsgl 8S3S82SSS8S8 isililiig SS = SSSfeS58$2S 8 = S2S l§flsjsis§§5§ sssss if iM SSSESSSgS isiiiiiii SS888SSBSSSS8S 2SR8S mmmm ssssa I S8SSS8 lilgg SSSSSS8SS8 mmm gSSSSSSSS = ssss ssssss igiisliiilil ilsil SI85I sss'ssfs IslilSIst -h * * go.s oZZE-So I JjifJii I s = g =ji «•§> ? ^«5cSq>S ||I 1:B HIGHER EDUCATION $m mam iss^i^iss 252. 56 224. 46 253. 05 352. 54 239.63 231.94 189. 13 170. 32 300. 00 315. 78 181.59 259. 07 = g$S5SSSSSS5 siiHsisim S2S22 issg giiii&iisis S2SESS8SSSS MM §ii5ggii isi§i8slisi Oco25oc — x — ^ mi isiiiiis Slisiiiissi liSIS missis 8isllSs?||$ cfefc4cre4«'c4e4 511s llllSsil 531 232 062 422 406 515 99 479 633 008 997 2 3 4 * 6 I. EDUCATIONAL AND GENERAL EXPENDITURES North Atlantic _ . _ North Central... _ .. . ... $118, 219, 187 126, 917, 650 $141, 215, 771 139, 754, 973 41, 971, 321 45, 531, 812 50, 149, 522 $129, 861, 521 115,009,328 37, 163, 963 41, 201, S95 43. 659. 371 $140,242,063 130,649,841 44, 753, 570 50,036,134 51,167,459 1 $154, 391, 710 152, 359, 518 50, 844, 393 60, 129, 422 57, 466, 595 South Atlantic. _ _ _ _ 40, 906, 959 South Central _ Western _ 46. 717, 898 45, 141, 683 Total 377, 903, 377 418, 623, 399 366,896,078 j 416, 849, 067 475, 191, 638 II. PERCENT OF TOTAL North Atlantic. . . . 31.3 33.7 35.4 33.7 32.5 North Central... . . . 33.6 33.4 31.3 31. & 32.1 South Atlantic. .... 10.8 10.0 10.2 10.7 10.7 South Central . 12. 4 10.9 11. 2 12.0 12.6 Western _ _ 11.9 12.0 11.9 12.3 12.1 Total . - . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1C0.0 III. PERCENT OF PERSONAL INCOME AS GIVEN IN TABLE XVI North Atlantic.. . .. _ North Central . . 0.41 .53 0.66 .89 0. 71 .82 0.64 .71 0.66 .74 South Atlantic . _ .62 .85 .78 .75 .76 South Central .61 .87 .82 .78 .83 Western .52 .84 .81 .75 .72 Total _ _ _ .50 .78 .77 .70 .72 38 BIENNIAL SUEVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 When the total educational and general expenditures of the Nation are divided by the total population, another measure of educational effort results. Thus, it appears that for every person in the United States on July 1, 1935, an average of $3.29 was spent by colleges in 1935-36. Two years later this average had risen to $3.68, an increase of 11.9 percent. Increases are shown everywhere except the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Nevada, where decreases appear. The range is great for each of the 2 years: in 1935-36 it was from $1.14 to $7.83 and in 1937-38 from $1.54 to $6.73. Table XXVI. — Educational and general expenditures for both publicly and privately controlled institutions of higher education per capita of total population , 1935—36 and 1937-38 State 1935-36 1937-38 State 1935-36 1937-38 Alabama _ $1.64 $2.05 Nebraska. . $3. 27 $3. 64 Arizona _ _ _ 4. 47 4. 95 Nevada 5. 17 4.99 Arkansas . . 1. 14 l. 54 New Hampshire 6. 04 6. 48 California. 4. 55 4. 70 New Jprsey 2. 07 2. 20 Colorado _ _ 4.08 5. 13 New Mexico 3. 21 3.88 Connecticut.. _ _ 5. 49 6. 02 New York. . . .... _ 4.50 4.91 Delaware _ _ . . . 2.54 2.90 North Carolina 2. 72 3.24 District of Columbia _ 7. 83 6. 73 North Dakota. .. . _ 3.04 3. 12 Florida... _ ..... 1.96 2. 15 Ohio. .. . ... _ 2. 83 3. 45 Georgia _ _ . . 1.78 2. 17 Oklahoma 2. 40 2. 98 Idaho _ _ ..... 3. 61 3.93 Oregon 4. 18 4.86 Illinois _ _ .... .. 3. 46 3.93 Pennsylvania 2.80 3.00 Indiana _ _ 3.03 3.57 Rhode Island 3. 47 3.70 Iowa _ _ 4. 25 4. 68 South Carolina _ _ _ 1.84 2.28 Kansas _ 3. 44 3. 92 South Dakota . . ... . .. 3. 36 3.51 Kentucky _ .. _ 1.90 1.97 Tennessee 2. 45 2. 84 Louisiana ... . _ _ _ 2. 79 3. 34 Texas _ _ 2. 52 2. 99 Maine _ _ _ _ 2.95 3.26 Utah .. 4. 50 5. 35 Maryland _ .. _ 5. 67 4.38 Vermont 5.31 5.39 Massachusetts _ _ 5. 92 6. 48 Virginia. . .. .. . _ 3.20 3. 39 Michigan _ . .... 3. 51 4. 15 Washington 3. 20 3. 79 Minnesota 3.91 4. 28 West Virginia 1.84 1. 87 Mississippi _ _ .. . ._ 1. 75 1.91 Wisconsin 3. 66 4. 42 Missouri. 2. 70 3. 16 Wvoming 3. 36 3.85 Montana 3. 02 3. 68 Continental United States . . 3. 29 3. 68 As has already been pointed out, certain of the States have few or no higher educational institutions under private control. Accord¬ ingly, it is advisable to consider effort in terms of expenditures of publicly controlled institutions alone. When this is done, the aver¬ age for the Nation increases from $1.63 in 1935-36 to $1.85 in 1937-38, an increase of 13.5 percent. Increases are reported in all States except the District of Columbia, Maryland, Nevada, and West Virginia. In this last-named State the decrease is just 1 cent per capita (table XXVII). The range is again great, from $0.34 to $5.17 in 1935-36 and from $0.38 to $4.99 in 1937-38. Nevada stands at the head of the list each year. HIGHER EDUCATION 39 Table XXVII. — Educational and general expenditures of publicly controlled institutions of higher education per capita of total population , 1935-36 and 1937-38 State 1935-36 1937-38 State 1935-36 1937-38 Alabama _ $1. 15 $1.48 Nebraska _ _ . $2. 75 $3. 10 4. 47 4. 95 Nevada 5. 17 4. 99 .97 1.31 New Hampshire 2. 54 2. 58 California _ . _ 2. 92 3.03 New Jersey _ . 34 . 38 Colorado _ _ 3.20 4. 05 New Mexico _ _ 3.21 3.88 Connecticut-.- _ .. _ .87 .96 New York... . 78 . 84 Delaware _ 2.54 2.85 North Carolina _ 1.28 1.59 District of Columbia _ _ .54 .51 North Dakota. . _ 2. 86 2. 94 Florida . _ 1.49 1.02 Ohio . 1. 48 1. 85 Georgia - - . .97 1. 23 Oklahoma 2. 16 2. 72 Idaho _ 3.24 3. 53 Oregon... _ _ 3. 17 3.84 Illinois _ . _ 1. 19 1.38 Pennsylvania . 67 . 75 Indiana _ 1.94 2. 30 Rhode Island _ 1. 11 1. 17 Iowa. 3. 35 3. 59 South Carolina 1. 32 1. 64 Kansas . . 2. 71 3. 10 South Dakota 2. 71 2. 76 Kentucky... _ 1.43 1. 49 Tennessee... . . . _ . .. .89 1. 10 Louisiana _ _ 1. 79 2. 25 Texas . 1. 77 2. 07 Maine. .. . .. _ . . 1. 70 1.85 Utah _ 3. 53 4. 23 Maryland. . . _ _ _ 3. 30 1. 70 Vermont 2. 96 3. 01 Massachusetts.. . . . . . 60 .67 Virginia 2. 02 2. 12 Michigan .. ..... 3.04 3.60 Washington 2. 70 3 16 Minnesota _ _ _ 2. 95 3. 38 West Virginia _ 1.60 1.59 Mississippi _ _ . ... ... 1. 43 1.52 Wisconsin _ _ 2.82 3. 45 Missouri 1. 18 1. 12 Wyoming 3. 36 3.85 Montana _ _ _ 2.88 3.20 Continental United States _ 1. 63 1. 85 These tables can do no more than suggest further study of the situation in higher education as it has existed during the period under review. They are of greatest value when considered in relation to each other, rather than as individual tables. For example, trends in spending for institutions for higher education should be considered in relation to trends in student enrollment, in total population, in personal income, etc. Part II. — Summaries for the United States Page Table 1. Historical summary, 1900-38 _ 43 1. All institutions of higher education, 1930-38 _ 43 2. Universities, colleges, professional schools, and junior colleges _ 44 3. Teachers colleges and normal schools _ 45 Table 2. Faculty, students, and degrees, 1937-38, compared with 1935-36- 46 Table 3. Financial data, 1937-38 compared with 1935-36 _ 50 Table 4. Percentage analysis, 1937-38 _ 58 1. Income, general _ 58 2. Expenditures, educational and general, except extension _ 59 3. All property held _ 59 4. Plant and plant funds, and permanent funds, separately analyzed- _ 60 5. Certain items as divided between publicly controlled and privately controlled institutions _ 61 41 I HIGHER EDUCATION 43 Table 1. — Historical summary, 1900-1938 1 PART 1. - ALL INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, 1930-38 Item 1929-30 1931-32 1933-34 1935-36 1937-38 1 2 3 4 5 6 Faculty (full-time equivalent): Men _ _ Women _ _ Total _ Resident college enrollments, regular session: Men _ - _ _ Women. _ _ Total _ 60, 017 22, 369 67.817 23, 997 71, 592 28, 343 78, 316 31.909 87,990 35. 687 82, 386 91,814 99, 935 110, 225 123, 677 619, 935 480, 802 667, 181 486, 936 615, 720 439, 640 709, 672 498, 555 803, 893 547. 012 1, 100, 737 1, 154, 117 1, 055, 360 1,208, 227 1,350,905 Degrees: Baccalaureate and first pro¬ fessional— Men _ _ _ Women _ _ Total _ 73. 615 48, 869 83, 271 54. 792 82, 341 53, 815 86, 067 57, 058 97. 678 67, 265 122,484 138, 063 136, 156 143, 125 164, 943 Master’s, including advanced engineering— Men _ _ . Women _ .. ... Total _ 8,832 6. 066 12, 210 7.157 11,516 6. 777 11, 503 6,799 13, 400 8,228 14,898 19, 367 18,293 18, 302 21,628 Doctor’s— Men . . . . Women _ Total _ _ 1,940 352 2,247 407 2,456 374 2, 370 400 2,502 430 2, 292 2, 654 2,830 2,770 2,932 Income for educational and gen¬ eral purposes _ ... ... _ Expenditures for educational and general purposes _ Value of physical property. _ Permanent funds _ $410, 408, 534 352,921,319 1, 925, 095, 260 1, 512, 022. 657 $451,996, 833 420, 632. 553 2. 207, 294, 577 1,617, 688,390 $388, 725. 397 369, 661, 077 2. 252 877, 465 1, 539, 727, 565 2 $491,105,551 419, 882, 833 2. 359, 418, 489 1, 623, 105, 000 $522, 108. 017 475, 191, 638 2, 556, 074, 571 1, 710, 367, 494 1 The difference in organization and period covered in part 1 and parts 2 and 3 is due to changes made in the statistical questionnaire in 1930, making it necessary to change the form of the table beginning with 1930, by adding items not previously available. 2 Includes income for other noneducational and for plant extension purposes. 44 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1 936-38 Table 1. — Historical summary, 1900-1938 — Continued PART 2. - UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES, PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, AND JUNIOR COLLEGES, 1900-1938 Item 1899-1900 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1935-36 1937-38 ■ 2 3 4 5 6 7 Teaching Staff Preparatory departments: 2,572 1,506 2,807 1, 741 2,714 1,568 1,564 1,251 (3) (3) (3) (3) Total _ 4,078 4, 548 4,282 2,815 2, 587 3, 447 Collegiate, professional, and graduate de¬ partments: 17, 291 2,205 26, 937 3, 629 32, 247 6, 781 55, 297 15,112 (3) (3) (3) (3) Total .... ........... 19,496 30, 566 39, 028 70,409 85, 027 94, 730 Students Preparatory departments: Men. _ _ _ _ 34, 814 21,471 42, 616 23, 426 38, 398 20,911 27, 766 19, 543 15, 395 12, 285 (3) (3) Women _ .. _ _ Total _ . _ 56, 285 66, 042 59, 309 47,309 27, 680 32, 185 Collegiate, professional, and graduate de¬ partments: Men _ _ . _ 128,085 39, 914 185, 147 69, 693 222, 242 134, 452 563,841 335, 282 662, 571 400, 469 752, 127 453,129 Women Total . _ _ 167, 999 254, 840 356, 694 899, 123 1, 063, 040 1, 205, 256 Degrees Conferred Baccalaureate and first professional: Men (3) (3) (3) (3) 31, 544 15, 782 70,006 41,405 79, 509 45, 106 90, 507 52,802 Women _ __ _ _ _ Total _ 27,410 37, 199 47, 326 111,411 124,615 143, 309 Graduate: Men 1,628 324 1,939 602 3, 457 1,396 10, 693 6, 139 13, 502 6,906 15,358 8, 182 Women _ 1 _ Total 1,952 2, 541 4, 853 16, 832 20, 408 23, 540 Honorary _ _ _ 702 679 989 1,347 1, 341 1, 478 3 Distribution by sex not available. HIGHEll EDUCATION 45 Table 1. — Historical summary, 1900—1938 — Continued PART 3. - TEACHERS COLLEGES AND NORMAL SCHOOLS, 1900-1938 Item 1899-1900 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 i 1935-36 1937-28 i 2 3 4 5 6 7 Teaching Staff Men _ 1,860 2,195 3,560 5, 995 4, 252 5, 399 Women. - - - 2, 512 3,719 6,027 8, 468 6,203 7, 225 Total _ _ _ _ 4, 372 5,914 9, 587 14, 463 10,455 12, 624 Students In teacher-training courses: Regular session: Men _ .. 24, 169 19, 746 19, 110 36, 646 46, 496 46,599 Women _ _ 45, 424 68, 815 116, 325 124, 878 90, 430 88,094 Total _ 69, 593 88,561 135, 435 161, 524 136, 926 134, 693 Summer session: Men _ _ .. - 0) (4) 9,387 25,990 26, 219 27,254 Women... ... . . . (4) (4) 63, 961 112, 866 80,968 85, 591 Total _ (4) (4) 73, 348 138, 856 107, 187 112,845 In observation and practice schools - 35, 397 66, 180 58,879 90,601 63,224 52, 424 Graduates Nondegree teacher-training courses: Men _ 3, 005 2,151 2,151 7,038 2,540 1, 736 Women _ _ 8,388 13,279 18,861 42, 189 11,908 8, 915 Total _ _ _ 11, 393 15,430 21,012 49, 227 14, 448 10, 651 Baccalaureate degree, teacher-training courses: Men _ . - - (4) (4) 436 3,609 6, 422 6, 678 Women _ _ .. - .. (4) (4) 860 7, 464 11, 840 13, 744 Total _ (4) (4) 1, 296 11, 073 18,262 20, 422 Graduate degrees: Men _ (4) (4) (4) (4) 371 544 Women.. . ....... - . (4> (4) (4) (4) 293 476 Total _ (4) (4) (4) (4) 664 1,020 Honorary - - - - - (4) (4) (4) (4) 1 22 Data not available. Table 2. — Faculty , students, and degrees, 1937-38, compared with 1935-36 46 BIENNIAL SUftVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Privately controlled institutions 1935-36 total e* 1,051 43, 191 15, 886 59,077 359, 296 234, 800 594, 096 53, 655 84, 527 g s 533, 444 162, 503 178, 229 157, 474 fS © US eS 1937-38 Total w 1,090 47, 369 17,818 x CD 400, 991 260, 431 w K 1 62, 063 105, 789 ft US G© CD 562, 518 159, 150 199, 062 176, 139 375, 201 Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools a 40 360 644 1,004 2,016 5, 965 7,981 1,252 5, 606 6, 858 6,560 2, 333 601 109 Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools 2 1,050 47,009 17, 174 64, 183 398, 975 254, 466 *S US CD 60,811 100, 183 | 160, 994 555, 958 156, 817 199, 062 176, 030 ft OS © us r* w Publicly controlled institutions 1935-36 total os 577 35, 125 16, 023 51, 148 350, 376 263, 755 614,131 82,097 149,747 0© D* 544, 040 204, 231 150, 500 115, 499 os os OS us £ ! 1937-38 Total QC 600 40, 621 17, 869 58, 490 402, 902 286, 581 689, 483 96, 731 165, 281 ft ® S e* 657,349 208, 833 175, 085 139,004 314, 089 Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools 253 4, 769 6, 156 s © 49, 750 87, 918 137, 668 26, 002 79, 985 105, 987 130, 777 42, 167 4, 607 3,861 8,468 Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools © 347 35, 852 11,713 47, 565 353, 152 198, 663 551, 815 70,729 85, 296 US u US 526, 572 166, 666 170, 478 135, 143 ** © 1 All institutions 1935-36 total 1,628 78, 316 31,909 US ** © 709, 672 498, 555 e* g ft 135, 752 234, 274 CD d e ©* e* 1. 077, 484 366, 734 328, 729 272, 973 § I 1937-38 Total 1,690 87, 990 35, 687 CD N 803, 893 547, 012 as e*s 158,794 271, 070 CD 0© OS ft 1,219,867 367,983 374, 147 315, 143 S ft os a© © Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools 293 5, 129 6, 800 11,929 51, 766 93, 883 145,649 27, 254 85, 591 us * ft 137, 337 44, 500 r- o 1 §£ r- us a© Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools W 1,397 82, 861 28, 887 a© -* r- 752, 127 453, 129 I ** s us o ft 131, 540 185, 479 317,019 1, 082, 530 323, 483 369, 540 311,173 e*s $ Item - I. All institutions: Number reporting _ _ _ _ Faculty (reduced to full-time basis) : Men _ Women _ Total _ Resident college enrollments: Regular session, 1937-38: Men _ _ Women _ _ _ __ . Total _ Summer session, 1937: Men.. _ Women _ _ Total _ Third week of fall term (men and women) _ Freshmen (first year of college work), men and women... _ Arts and sciences: Undergraduates: Men... _ _ _ Women ... _ Total _ HIGHEft EDUCATION 47 14, 447 10, 740 r* X »« N 149, 190 52, 850 O o w © 15, 158 10, 410 a c © w 38, 752 72, 696 47, 418 26, 338 73, 756 10,960 1,744 1,206 794 41, 428 13, 291 05 i/9 16, 106 11,667 « r- r» r** 0* 173, 131 63, 560 ot © cflT 09 W 16, 323 10, 490 P5 ac «© 41, 679 95, 705 51,698 30,803 1 rf ac 12, 038 1,790 1,326 820 45,291 14, 784 «9 r- o 8 1,842 5, 633 u*5 •*< 174 223 397 3, 481 1,936 218 641 859 hNN -0 o kC ~ sss k/9 S 16, 106 11,667 09 r» r* 0* 171,289 57, 927 © oT e * M 16, 149 10, 267 26,416 38, 198 93, 769 51,480 30, 162 0* CO ac 11,777 1,768 1,319 806 45, 061 14, 429 © ! at •*< 05 U® 9,909 6,252 1G, 161 187, 573 137, 609 0* X U® 0> « 9, 053 3, 602 k/9 © 87, 149 225, 225 38, 649 30, 720 69, 369 7, 342 1,026 141 292 32, 522 13, 580 0? e c© -** 12, 959 8, 185 5 208, 072 136, 421 344,493 11 © <0 15, 071 ' 00 ON © go cc lO Tf ct rr kO kO 1C CO U- -0 CO ac 9,590 1, 142 174 298 37, 532 15, 320 0* 8 S 44, 481 83, 486 r» ce at N 650 583 09 49, 823 49, 931 6, 953 13, 822 k/9 r* © 0? 733 4 15 160 4, 394 5, 300 1 05* 12, 959 8, 185 5 163, 591 52, 935 © U ©* 5 9,816 4,022 13, 838 00 t" £- O S? o s IO «rf CO Of cow r» s CO 8,857 1, 138 159 138 33, 138 10,020 3 09 •0 24, 356 16, 992 41,348 336, 763 190, 459 8 w 8 24,211 14, 012 09 0* W ao w §§ il iflN co i>r OJ 05 OC kO k/® 0* 09 18, 302 2,770 1,347 1,086 73, 950 26, 871 0* ac «T O 29, 065 19, 852 48, 917 381, 203 199, 981 581,184 26, 789 15, 095 41,884 117, 250 371, 173 97, 678 67, 265 164,943 21,628 2,932 1,500 1,118 82, 823 30, 104 £ 0* 46, 323 89, 119 W U5 M c$ S oc ao 1,630 53, 304 51, 867 7, 171 14, 463 5 CO 0* 994 26 22 174 4, 624 5,655 N © 29,065 19, 852 48,917 334, 880 110,862 W u® *0 -0 25, 965 14, 289 40, 254 63, 946 319, 306 90, 507 52, 802 § 1 09 20, 634 2, 906 1,478 944 78, 199 24. 449 ac s 8 2da 03 © O 3 -S’ 60® O ®S»C 3 © O ©£> 2 &H M ® j= 9 .O * ^XS g§ 'o a "S3 ® ;®9 © « a S*S 2 o ® "3 §!§** <2caZ a a _ 03 © o ® ^ •o |a|s * I s g 2? *5- .9 ®XJ O « XJ H a 03 •- 3 O 83 C « §*§§•9 H-g -TjgS^g “ « to b'-S g^X! • fl "L C3 O S? m : S o 2 © © o s g t-o , g “ ®EoCMu>vSB © «5§ § “ ®£® o ^ s QW£l!s^ © 03 o Q Table 2. — Faculty , students , and degrees , 1937—38 , compared with 1935-36 Continued 48 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Privately controlled institutions 1935-36 total e* 346, 533 213. 004 5 S 52, 226 79, 620 131,846 502, 095 143, 024 165, 916 137, 871 r* GC e e* 148, 740 50, 657 199, 397 1937-38 Total w 384, 436 234, 698 oT so 60, 705 100, 089 160, 794 529, 636 136, 791 182, 892 152, 993 r GO MS n\ 172, 644 61, 253 r» S #s e* ** Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools 1, 529 3, 633 w so 1, 100 4, 299 5, 399 3, 634 1,339 1,355 3,410 MS sc r- Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools 1 1 O 382, 907 231,065 ~ 1 05 SO 59, 605 95, 790 MS 1 s§ MS 526, 002 135, 452 182,892 152, 993 MS r <30 MS 1 sl 171, 289 57, 843 ** 9 « Publicly controlled institutions 1935-36 total 9 307, 775 220, 865 o so QO w 79, 454 141,445 05 1 05 GO ® ** N 470, 656 156, 771 111, 012 83, 995 r- O i 9 MS 9 184, 463 126, 234 310, 697 1937-38 Total 00 352, 516 242, 372 QC 1 8 i S ' 1 93, 245 156, 100 MS I w 9 ^ ! 581,790 152, 360 127, 526 104, 402 U 1 CS 00 MS SO e* s e* « Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools r* 46, 817 78, 297 MS c* 24,799 73,696 § | ao 1 05 118,481 38,014 4,418 3, 811 9 N w 00 41, 737 73, 915 MS SC wf Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools so 305, 699 164, 075 r- \ r* Ob 9 68, 446 82, 401 150,850 463, 309 114, 346 123, 108 100, 591 9 9 SC *£ o* 163, 471 52, 919 9 9 W SC All institutions 1935-36 total 654, 308 433, 869 r* 1 QC r ® ! 131, 680 221,065 ^ I C* ia i i S § 1 r*. r>- 05 oo 1 Is § M 498,794 333, 203 176, 891 510, 094 1937-38 Total 736, 952 477, 070 w © 153, 950 256, 189 410, 139 1,111,426 289, 151 310, 418 257, 395 567,813 377, 852 188, 087 565,939 Teachers colleges and nor¬ mal schools e* 48, 346 81, 930 so ** e*9 25,899 77,995 103, 894 122, 115 39, 353 4,418 3,811 S* o* oo 43,092 77, 325 9 W Univer¬ sities, col¬ leges, and profes¬ sional schools 688, 606 395, 140 1,083, 746 128, 051 178, 194 tfi c* s 989, 311 249, 798 306,000 253, 584 559, 584 334, 760 110,762 s MS Item ! - j I i i 1 i II. Degree-granting institutions— Continued. Resident college enrollments: Regular session, 1937-38: Men _ Women _ _ _ Total _ Summer session, 1937: Men - - - Women _ _ _ _ Total _ Third week of fall term (men and women) . - Freshmen (first year of college work), men and women _ _ _ Arts and sciences: Undergraduate: Men . . . . Women.. - - - - Total _ Professional schools: Undergraduate: Men _ _ _ Women _ Total... . . . . HIGHER EDUCATION 49 (>) P) 257 1,763 2,595 4,358 12, 763 21, 796 *1 CO 1,429 4,907 6, 336 31,344 19, 479 12, 313 19, 603 31,916 450 2, 193 5 II ®-jj 22, 367 93, 966 270 2,078 3,034 »C CO CO uc N 28 8 1,358 5, 700 7,058 32, 882 22. 359 16, 170 23, 146 39, 316 487 2,307 2, 794 19,312 1, 739 1,201 1,741 3 26 130 289 419 487 2,332 2 5 oT 152 1,307 1,459 2, 927 994 | is 109 487 2,223 © 1 ©£ S 82 ** || Ci 21, 166 92, 225 2 244 1,948 2,745 4,693 16,068 23, 401 ot © CO 1,206 4, 393 5, 599 29, 955 21, 365 16, 170 23, 037 39,207 | ' 00 84 17, 032 1.544 0) 0) 285 2,603 2,443 © s 42, 601 42, 890 85,491 2,643 8, 302 10,945 73, 384 47, 460 39, 488 31, 504 1 <=T r» 3, 110 11,375 ao | 63, 689 262, 577 302 3,089 2, 549 QC CO © 50, 386 44, 209 »o s © — < OC 00 CO of 12,667 75, 559 56, 473 47, 559 34, 602 82, 161 - ^ 00 CO fH CO O CO cm ccf © i>Tcocf r^" i-T^T ^ r- cooocm os to ^ 05 ^ tO Tf< 8 S NVr 8 2® s ao *o 5 o 1 s eo 05 ^ -4 ® ® ® 8 » S S us co o « (N o" 8 *- ^ CO O to 05 to t^o CO CO 1-4 to to »o ^ 00 o 1-4 05 CO »o O CO t>» o" cm" ifV of ^h" cm" co" 23 8 n* 8 2 g sag ff 38 CO CO 00 ©" CO cp to" 2 g 1^3 K Is g <° 2 2 8 co CT eo O 8 M r- it co — OI 95-9-05 CS 1 S 8 1 8* 2 CM CO C0005 co O CM i-« 1-* CO CM CO 25 CO^H Tf to CO to to" cm" oo" co" Ip" trf 1— T to" to o 00O5CN CM toco 05 1-4 CO oc co ^ co -f co" to" *-T to 8 I ® 3 88® S m3 — o o ?3 -c ■«< t^os ® S »"m® 3 8*8 »J5 00 ONO ■*< 00 O 2 “* S3 8*3* ^ 2*10* 8 8 8‘ 1 3 - 1 S i 8 a© cf co" 8 S 8 of oo" t>f CM ^ 8 8 382 8 || co •*< o »o r>- to oo of o" of co" cp o" cm"q" g 2 p; 2 2 25m of © 05 ONCO CO toto 35 cor^co CO CO^H CO CO 00 © 05 o coco co" of (N"co"(N V o"co" © © CO CO ^ 05 QCg fe sr ao co to to eo" to" U 5 £ f Is! § 8* 2 5* eo 05 1-t « oo 3 3 88§ 8 88 ■-»< t»- us <© — ?5 —i 3* So" ^"S'S* N* ^*2 e>? ® co ** of to CO t>- CM QCMCO ^ — - 05 8 8 888 5 88 © © 8 $ s § ss s CM CO © © ^ w cO 00 tC to" r>»" n co" co" CO CM 05 i-H « « r» ao SS 1 s a S S 1 1 i i f 5 s’ - <0 -J- 05-9- l>. 05 COO 05 g 0*005 § S * gtftf af ip* sC v ® 1,042 1 1 S8S 8 11 e1 — — CO ." cm" r- os ON® oo t» — ao § co 00050 *o *o us co ao of eon © coco' 2 8 8 88 £ 8*-* t ft CD ^ r» ^ 1 § 8 =T S S 8 2 1 i i " 5 ® 8 8 838 3 28 ao ao ^ to ao to 05 oo of co" t>f ^f ao" 0" of 0" 8 * 88 1 5 1 CM CO ^. N 8 £5 528 2 fcg 2* 8* fe* 5V £* 88* t>. co 1-4 to 00 — 55 8 g 8 £2 D5 8 8 tf 1 S 5* 1 1 i s 1 2 5 " S* 2 5* *—4 1 = ass s ii of <©"oo"*-«" of oof S S S 5S 0" V co" cm" II. Degree-granting insti¬ tutions: Number reporting _ mu-1 a ; :g ; :«:««« l §g*2ga : S : s :ca! :§-J : :§j :S :3’2-S : So lC® 1 o '.2.^ 1 « *r g 5 a 1 plil^ II ills illi -i! ifjJifi 1 fl ^ *3 C ' o O cifl’oS 1?o0 ,,>° §ga 5i§si-gi«i2^a^lflSi:5 2SI i£‘lsa^2£ £■3 S o s’O-S SfiJ c« > « 8 ja- ei^aStsu |^aBa3^.S^e|§-n&3-3£^ ®'Sa E«5-g-sa5.-s| § S-3£ ^ S S3 S§S'o|^| O tf -- 1- aB“ • 1 go!C-g >0 '§§“ 1 ©'-3 s oS^u^Sa :o ;5^.,= : £ « © « 0 3«^° ! .ugac,— 03*; ; — : 0 0 m w p ■o § « is If!! a®l “Jli I-’O -» ® 3 3T3 c-c p-3s£"«®w « ® blB c.3 B'B«c#ol! f-'CL § CdW GGtJPLi co S O Subtotal . I 25,750,502 5, 163. 751 1 30,914,2531 27.427,3041 13,878,0721 4,137,0071 18,015,9791 16,812, 42ll 11,871,530 1,026, 744 1 12,898,2741 10,614,883 1 Data not available. 2 Junior colleges. 3 Normal schools. Table 3. — Financial data , 1937-38 and 1935-36 — Continued part l. — income — continued 52 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 « o3>— ’P§£! Sg*g! I “Sal cS&f - ' O o o c$ ■gg-'gE - 11*11 % I I £o9o- I I >- oS .if m j -•Je ■S I 0, 0/ cfi- £ WX3 C c £ go 53 c- H£ C 00 ^ I I .5 c c 1 T3 o. c f ”3 2 c.2 t» S’g Cj H :§>o *3 .a*- c CO o.S§. fc « o»E 5.2 05 a £ « •- 'S « a -« tf s $30, 666, 095 120, 369, 151 8, 343, 531 7, 522, 439 1,000 $36, 870, 346 132, 544, 224 10, 282, 027 7, 251, 596 CO CO $456, 239 1,152,722 58, 493 29, 752 1 $36, 414, 107 131,391,502 10. 223, 534 7, 221,844 s $17, 403, 197 104, 774, 435 11,897, 067 14, 568, 361 s •o 1 $19, 535, 504 120, 462, 164 13,749. 127 17,961,381 $4, 622, 826 24, 462, 602 270, 904 90, 054 334 $14, 912, 678 95, 999, 562 13, 478, 223 17, 871,327 1,540 $48, 069, 292 225, 143, 586 20, 240, 598 22, 090, 800 1,586 $56, 405, 850 2.53, 006, 388 24,031, 154 25,212,977 I $5, 079, 065 25, 615, 324 329, 397 119,806 5 $51, 326, 785 227, 391, 064 23, 701, 757 25,093, 171 I. All institutions: Number reporting _ Educational and gen¬ eral: Administration and general expense.. Resident instruc¬ tion: Colleges, schools, and depart¬ ments _ Related activi¬ ties _ Organized research . HIGHER EDUCATION 53 8, 709, 518 30, 752, 065 SI it r g 8 S' S I" "' 1 8 i 57, 379, 255 19, 463, 684 12, 611,779 2, 662. 622 I ■» 5 2* $ $28, 838, 981 115,996,036 8, 161,651 7, 471, 823 8, 500, 270 28,661, 105 11 88 2*N 200, 179,414 § 1 51 1 5 I 1 S 5$ s is 1 8 111 1 51 1 1 S' m S I g i 1 SI s g g i'll 3 SI _r g « Sf 8" S "' 5 £ s 8f* R I § oVo -* OS CO s 6 1 i is 5 r- 5 1 1 Si S 2 1 2 ifs a II s‘ 1 5 s ©? S' 5 §85 3 1 3 I§ 8 53 ^ g= US -T 8 1 s! * n s a § 2g o * E 3 1 §11 1 ss i 1 S' 21 5 1 $ 8 s' St 8 8 = Sis i m 1 * rf S'"' 8 “ 8 £ 2 £* s chT & § 5 n 1 5 g‘ I § si 1 i 8 1 Si i a % S §li 5 IS R 8 1 SI s' 8 S' s si 2 s 8 888 8 IS I - £ ss 1 . S' 5? * af* If af =2* af- 5's" S' § i ei * 1 g I 18 3 1 ?s 1 112 1 II Oi i i 51 I 1 g S' SI i i" §' SI'S S' 51 t -■ $ 6* s S' £ C*3 © § SE:*^ c5 s' s' t 1 E II i 1 2 s S8 2 s i 1 IIS ? 11 S § 1 88 2 ® 2 S 1 8 11 5 § 1 g*s S 88 B - CD 15 £ af oo CO*- r» s s' e§ S § 1 i I § § n S R 3 i 111 g ii S * s' SI 1 1 § §' 88 8 i I si'i i 88 1 » a £sf 1 8 8 rf S5®“ s w 38 22- S' s 1 8 ss I 2 1 1 fc II s 8 § § sis S 23 £ 1 1 IS S' s' 8 - U) 3 5: 18 1 — I s' i'll i II s s s 6* jj csT 2 af af s 5 2'*=‘ * Is' s i i R§ s s 1 r $ 51 i 8 g 1 Sis 1 Ss § 8 8 IS a i S i 8 §S 8 1 i i'ii s il 8 55 § ** g“ ** rf 2 S5 $= & |' a's'2 £ = 3 1 S 1 11 s i S 1 ss s 1 S SS8 S sS 1 t S' 51 5 5 1 § =s‘ US s Sf §' I'll 1 11 8 - CD- s' 5 j S os 5 a -‘ »' 3 «s S 1 is 5 53 2 1 1 SI 2 i s 1 S=£ i Is I 1 1 ft S' | r»* s 2 2 CO — ' ! =s 1 S 2 ill i 11' s; - s S'* S' "' s' § afl 32 S i s' «MS * s'* ® . £ Data not a' 54 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 3 I o 0/ «; — x: g S o t a P o .i . 'o 2 co — g g_co g C5 ^ — © > « 03 CO 2 3 S ® .£ o ££ “OB P o O *- ■SSf^BS S3 03 g O c_i o Cot CO ■ 3 C 9i2 3 «s.2 o - . CO o CO Q •c S o^-g iS^S" ~ a b CO c/3 © aj : mil £8 is ^ Q M 0 ^4 p O O 1 lilil Q* CM CM S K 3 22 CM 83 * ci s 2 S i! C* CM CM 1C »-H CO V CM *C cm r- 28 o'cO cJ t£ 2 g lO — ?3 5o 2 m — S 8 S3 05 CO — 05 lO CO 45“ j ■*-> a rs& 3 « ■O •■a ■3 3 ■2 « >. co -S g-co cB ■ 2o««s ® e ? — £ J» oc ' g S 4i > o2 ^ ® 73 2 o:5 § | 35 2 1 3=8 3 •r: ^ ^ ^ -r S tuo cr g So CO 00 8 00 l-S CM 3,478,091 378, 224 57, 899 636, 026 4, 398, 355 21,986,592 31,013 22,017,605 1, 129, 976 23, 147, 581 5,310,422 1, 019, 771 2,699,792 551,711 1 s M eo 398, 892 90, 338 837, 678 5, 239, 961 £8 cm o ~ © o ^ 27, 141,368 435, 312 27, 576, 680 6, 836, 048 1,089, 794 8E CO 50 l| © at at $ at 3, 022 15, 279 135, 733 789, 664 4, 634, 545 8, 071 50 50 50 4, 642,616 563, 701 66, 181 m ei^-T co *— < 1 1 395, 870 75, 059 701, 945 4, 450, 297 si 50* cm* 5© CO rf cm »© r- co OD VI at co ** fc* CO ® c? 3 ■«* C'f n £ © S ® " J bi at 1C b- ih b- 00 v$ 05 i 1 3 iO ’g’isgj ®'S'g ®-5 « Ef£§ i ' « 2 * ! N 2 ® jca- and •1 il i 1 i 1 fl • i C3 | ' s5t3 V 75 rv i« 1 i_ co 03 ' 2 “ C — ^ Sfi a, 0j O W fjg a £ C-a'© a & 5Q ' .e© 3 a g -sss ■« * ^ ^ £* c§ ^ c c. *8 o> sill tS|S 3 csS ® ^ O „ ^ S3 fc-. S= 2 3 ; 3 Sfl o* JOS W l| 3-g « OT s a a o 56 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 HIGHER EDUCATION 57 sii m £ |l's 1 •c S l -r ill ill gft2 ii§ 3 8 § 8 - e* SSI IIS £ ©‘-Toe 3 s in S‘Sf8 CO toco ! i § cf 1 s' s m * ggg I 5 III is§ gS"S" 8 s § g 8 1 € - BSS S ill 8 2-3” -* €/r- r- i M9 lg= I'sS ec 2 2 1 t £ SIS ill ! *H 1 SIS g'S3 S3 i 2 S US £f ill . sil i 1 s' U9* III Is' 8 8 % U5 s cc $186, 880, 334 982, 759, 446 185, 590, 582 21, 144, 495 1 v s ! sil CO CO O ggsf I 2 1 g 1 s“ i - ~ 281 S ill § ® ®00 ~ 8 ISs ti'4 CO 3 3 1 1 sf r i a co ^ co'tC-fT c§2 o ps s 2 i §28 ill s-- 5 8 = I I K 2 ill 8 SfSf-* s « 5 ill S's'3 u g (N | m i §32 £ i 3 i • Hi IIS 8 1a S 1 -* - — r 111 2 g CM to CO »0 - 3 i' § all m C 1 II ■ 104 70 38 18 65 430 49 2 112 1 12 139 41 31 31 26 26 2 143 : i 392 89 10 138 5 69 2 16 12 19 2, 552 70 6 357 120 51 449 41 27 4 245 321 19 19 29 74 30 159 9 II 1 ; O ; ggsgss ©gj§2£ 8S§8 ef ; 05 jh 1 IlgfS issgs mu gg|B5 g£S|S §S|S ef-‘ tC- pa- V -ua - - - ;f 8S Hill HISS Sills Hill §§ssg 1111 g crs* cs ef — -* -**- nT - -T^T — — * ef 52 := SS §|^22 2 : g Sg ;S : ggS^S S§2W - ; ; ; CO* - ' :§ S ; 1,648 1, 115 116 252 81 157 1 32 323 7, 958 94 18 1,195 158 152 2,599 9 33 14 176 540 94 13 163 290 75 418 19 18 Zk 7,880 5, 352 1,078 6, 586 1, 155 3,746 79 2,6*18 816 25, 604 4, 180 2. 149 12, 876 6, 869 2. 949 14,241 945 736 1. 147 5, 243 7. 038 1,960 517 4,773 2,985 2. 494 6,583 380 8 :S H sign is§§; istsgi ggiii warn gin i jftCef— “— «o ©*- — * •*<* of of Vjy of- tote PS MS* t Cofee V — 540 4, 677 1,318 S|2gs g?£SS |g5§g S|2?2 SS|g TP - :S g® S8a§3 SS5|S S3§g| 2§|Sg gl|S| SS|g — ©“ — — ;S S'" IISIS sslsl 8SS1S SS8SI ISIS! ISSs -‘ceVtC- of of NOf «*«“ of-* US*-* ©-*ef-«a‘ «TpaV 16 64 442 670 314 SllSa S515S SSell iSSIS IssSl 15SS joooeotC- ps* PS*tC- gonaV pjjCoiV- «®‘PS*-tC o>V 23 79 543 1,266 590 11115 S1S1I lilss ggiii sSSlS §gg§ I jaVoV tp* -XT- gofofjooT ^rC-^of ©*-*„.*-*oo* rCps'tC 68 89 591 2, 522 1,262 44, 529 26, 081 9, 658 24, 684 4, 534 14, 897 1, 101 2,713 16, 559 2,833 126, 880 25, 010 6, 376 65, 137 22,664 11,827 57, 892 5,041 11, 177 4, 075 16, 1«5 53, 743 8,817 3, 447 16, 207 20, 589 9, 027 22, 0.53 1,822 4, 049 203 119 2, 269 634 216 11661 iilSI 11868 IS5SI §8661 SiiS ©'.oof©*-* TP* of- rC-'-ofoo* of of of- MS*-'- T»r w'ps'oo* :S IS 6,385 3,437 1,478 4,826 412 1,891 36 194 1,592 931 22, 645 4, 364 521 7,296 4, 451 978 8. 328 240 1,311 562 2,782 13,821 942 410 1,957 2,601 2, 061 3, 827 298 78 j is 21, 549 12,475 5,566 14,618 2, 441 6,616 480 1,420 5, 155 1,508 79, 263 13, 628 3, 194 29, 447 12, 941 5, 577 28, 709 1, 599 6, 579 2,422 11,722 28, 878 4,303 1,670 10,600 9, 870 6,296 11,292 732 68 64 1,331 1,990 2,290 32, 775 17, 594 6, 351 20, 151 3, 351 9, 368 741 4,082 14. 551 2,593 114, 210 15, 102 4,216 46, 323 15, 332 8,669 48,909 3. 482 3! 110 11,856 36, 842 6, 939 1,844 12, 555 14, 426 6, 822 16, 861 1,315 4, 049 149 79 1,147 6,001 1,909 18ISS 3S2S3 iiisg iiBSI ISSsi ill- - - PS*-* - of - 7 2 70 98 141 2, 797 1,726 784 2, 752 328 911 105 548 1,477 373 11,640 2,037 480 4, 453 1, 186 816 6,867 514 941 501 1,755 3, 244 563 396 1,772 1,232 691 1,603 155 547 *"S $1 SSSSSS' ST'-g*’ SS2SS gs^s SKS" ps — — — poes Michigan . Minnesota . Mississippi - Missouri _ Montana . Nebraska - Nevada _ New Hampshire New Jersey . New Mexico. . . New York ...... North Carolina North Dakota Ohio _ Oklahoma. _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania . Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee _ Texas - Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia _ Washington . . West Virginia.. Wisconsin _ Wyoming . United States service schools1 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ v. auai ijkjixxz - Hawaii .. _ Philippine Is¬ lands _ Puerto Rico _ !l 66 BIENNIAL, SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 gD -8 £ a o =2 1 1 puB U3UIOM uaui ‘Ajbjouoh © ** r» 05 CO *— 1 05 00 CO rH i 05 iN co » jn uauiOAY » f o • • OOCM • 00 CO © 1-H j CO * 1-* rH u o Q aajv « W i i CO 1 QO 50 CO ; 93 34 120 13 oo o i te ca m it w as Master’s including 1 advanced engineer¬ ing aauiOjVl 15 3, 007 41 25 17 122 125 es 19 24 £$©©© © oo co © © ^ r- ^ 34 54 67 400 292 407 234 *§ o 73 * * &o u aui o Ai © W w 5 50 « 645 304 299 2,624 559 342 3 123 456 698 136 1, 180 680 775 886 9107 695 166 259 689 "s**® U9H Oi 45, 980 JO © » g § 05 CO to 00 00 CM CO Tf 00 346 2, 172 1, 425 1,352 1,391 co © cm o§ 3 Go M in 1 ■8 in a § uauxo av QC 3 50 © cm © r>. cm 05 05 50 Tf © ^ © © CO CO *— < CO © *— ' © 85 84 6 51 68 ’S c o uojm s 10,466 50 104 11 909 235 © © © 00 © CO © © © © © © c* CO »— < CO rH .o , % fe® U3UX0 AV JO N h* 50 W 3, 422 1, 139 1,255 4,685 1,689 l » IT. 886 969 1,217 864 6, 233 3, 650 3,231 3, 002 ** CM i- — © CO © 00 © CO © © © © © cm" CO HW" u* h « 2 ns 3 a & U9K w ® 8“ e* 5, 506 1, 665 2, 195 7, 970 4, 118 1C % 238 s 911 4, 547 2,119 10, 135 8, 067 5, 548 5, 498 4,254 3,520 1. 196 2, 046 804 a> 1 U3UZOA\. 3 i « © OC CO 40 rr CO 00 00 © ~ CM CM © © Tf< © »-N © © -8 © © CO CM H H Z W s 8 c #2 *o CO o uaj\; 1 8 • 1 2 74 43 18 1,211 158 rf* rr h* t'- © © 53 522 344 1,084 277 O^X©N © 00 co © CM i-H i-H rH o as 55 w TJ C S3 VI 'C C3 tt ® j aauiOAV 1 3 1 ® 1 05 ! 5 1, 574 953 1,635 25, 043 1,840 174 244 CM — < 00 © CO 00 r-T CO 671 4, 148 1,416 2. 567 3, 822 © 00 © CO © CO 1^ ^ CM ^ CM CO CO cm" cm" « H J o ■< C | uaj\; 1 i © QO | rf 1,888 1,368 2,215 29, 627 2, 079 430 292 © © ^ © © © ciof 820 6, 847 1, 930 3,588 5, 500 2, 355 4, 373 329 866 805 w H z w 0 UdUlOAV pUB uoui (ijjom aaopoo jo jBdit jsjij) uauiqsaj j ® © GO ©" e w 3, 346 1, 725 2, 920 28,488 3, 418 03 ® 3 ffl :8 : 28 : ; : : :3 8^3 ; : i Sg§2§1'3 3^222 £3*25; 335Msr S'§22=°8 c 2 : ggssg J5SS2S SS|8 : 55 2 : EI36S is5?§ gslgg SIS81 lisle IIIs ~ oi ' CO - :S ? Hiss tsHig n§gg §5S|§ nisi giSS g o NrtTf CO HNN co*5^<(n .-h > CO • i Cl 1 ' *0 co 1 £ i r i ; ii ii i Master’s including advanced engineer¬ ing uauio^vv a 1 « C* ' 05 Ol os - ;ooc*co 185 4 74 nh i i 0£iO . . * > o ^ to CO Oi © CO •»»« © iO © f- © —4 «5 e^-*»r5©e* S *'■ Baccalau¬ reate and first pro¬ fessional uauxo^V o w 30,803 382 118 1,541 241 260 587 360 566 29 2, 708 714 600 320 334 485 104 513 2, 474 515 uajv as $1, 698 312 172 2, 575 264 1, 160 1,636 237 641 34 4,384 1,606 817 409 457 570 286 732 5,163 772 z u J o ai Z Ed K 1 5 u H z Ed C X Ed Professional schools Graduate uauiOM GC o : as \ i! CO • 05 rf* t>- 1 CD CO tO i i SO «— » O r *4* to 8—° ; : - ;«8 uaj^ - 8 1 l 2 'CO * ao os ;$5S2 1 : N i i 00 H ino Undergrad¬ uate uauio^w cd S •O ! « CO 476 70 1,451 1,312 355 29 1, 723 165 110 8,218 1, 137 523 228 242 807 2 175 4, 579 884 uapv 5 1 co G 1 729 236 7,468 1,700 1,432 51 7,176 490 1, 045 20, 524 4,893 935 287 961 2, 152 43 1,751 20, 623 4, 452 Arts and sciences Graduate uauiOA\ a 11, 667 | co ;2£:j | 'QOWrH 719 4 124 2,845 16 9 6 110 3 74 866 84 uaj/V ■ 2 16, 106 I e* • os co -h :gS3 870 1 107 CO CO 00 1 1 to co o> co os ©hn -h .< co of ! I r-T i fe o o "3 'C D c uaraoAV ** 176, 139 1 nSoSo NONOO^f 1 ci ^ r-T t-T 4,050 2, 750 4, 042 548 17, 003 3,521 4, 232 2,819 3,759 2, 199 1,011 3, 509 10, 912 3, 374 uaj/^ 1 i S as 1 2 1, 869 946 8, 274 1, 195 4,919 — 4,660 1, 774 2,980 578 18,043 4,864 4, 745 2,808 2,481 2,104 1, 147 3,968 11,276 3, 221 uauiOM pun i uaui (5JJOM aSanoo jo jboX isjg) uouigsaj,} 2 « 1 s 2, 124 940 4,832 1, 192 4, 379 2, 827 1, 536 2, 552 512 10, 291 4, 633 3, 670 2, 115 2, 450 1, 652 907 2, 353 11, 471 3,460 uauio.vv puB uaxu , ‘uuaj pBj jo sjaaAV pjjqx i j. 477,856 4, 971 1,931 21, 169 4, 379 3, 274 16,202 3,716 7, 130 1,034 49,350 8, 463 8, 172 5, 159 4, 365 2,632 2, 448 4,900 38, 143 8, 968 Summer ses¬ sion, 1937 ; uauiOAV i . ! 1 ao 1 f'* i 2 1,430 465 6,016 1,061 675 2,240 1,534 1,938 73 11,017 3, 089 2, 136 1, 489 2,051 1,907 162 1, 140 3, 532 3, 067 I | uapv 1 " eo CD ® CD 879 259 4.281 449 105 2, 201 439 808 41 7, 378 1,791 562 532 739 884 130 468 4,271 660 Regular ses¬ sion, 1937-38 [ uauioAV 1 1 ! co 1 260, 431 2,716 1, 126 10, 519 2, 594 2,080 29 6, 753 2,918 4, 276 548 27, 894 4, 657 4,815 3,003 4,001 3, 157 1,016 3, 849 16, 741 4, 345 I uaj\[ 1 I * j | 2,603 1, 172 17,611 2,637 7,041 51 13, 436 2, 263 4, 135 578 41, 740 9, 941 5, 729 3,029 3, 510 4,502 1,493 6, 358 35,004 7, 747 £ h i - 2 o r w 2 ; uauiOAV I - 1 17,818 260 133 871 132 279 1 327 131 365 33 1,233 411 430 257 399 296 104 412 1,265 310 u C r ^ < Ed 0 H SS uaj\[ CO 47, 369 416 167 2,629 228 1, 074 9 1,223 235 503 56 3, 648 1,058 611 368 314 667 174 964 4, 485 550 -OJ £ Suij-iod luoijnjijsui jo jaquinj^ W 1,090 ^ wo ao *-* t^c^cocooo ccao©^-^ rHMlO r-H r-H — < » CO C1! • © *— 1 1 COOOOO • CO co co — « i-* © • © 522 214 673 5 189 406 4,847 1,078 39 1,956 194 164 3, 194 127 488 108 782 1,572 119 122 493 138 128 394 © CO 608 168 1,551 22 404 611 1,446 9. 412 1,032 22 2, 276 172 293 6, 125 403 374 129 898 1,345 193 139 679 308 144 717 CO 00 12 6,830 16 33 1,325 9 CO i i N • • © 1 Cl 00 ' • •— i i | CM t i i i i i i i | CM 1 © 5 32 309 7, 520 1 122 58 2, 373 8 © © 00 • © < 1 ^ I N i Tf i 1 1 i ; 1 s 1 cm 2,059 372 599 302 18,683 671 3,625 611 273 8,388 259 199 1,068 1,005 866 801' 336 680 2 © N 6, 471 198 1,602 129 3, 637 43,551 667 6,920 950 511 21, 287 287 139 1, 198 3,393 786 142 1,062 390 2, 112 | _ 1 3 CM 28 16 2,518 64 05 © 05 © go © 32 © © © © © i In. I COgjtN © ; oo N 8 12 7 299 4,630 187 477 26 12 1,503 222 10 © CM © © CO 00 • © I cm © © cm © '00 3, 234 1,799 5,657 195 1,614 422 2,083 18,158 6, 734 273 11,683 1,135 1,691 11,063 468 3, 723 943 5, 353 9, 974 359 814 4,442 1,912 2,301 2,174 32 102 4,003 1,022 4, 409 202 1,687 2,660 7,266 24, 574 7,216 170 13, 740 1,072 2, 269 15, 421 2,054 2,478 933 5, 154 8, 321 591 857 3, 944 2, 466 1, 732 2,969 | I 2, 827 1,082 5, 165 133 1,576 1,021 3,927 17,290 5, 858 127 7,361 1,220 1,591 13, 328 837 2,235 786 4,225 7,604 1, 113 666 3,999 2,038 934 2,232 1 7,390 2,381 12, 031 116 5,231 409 11,469 92, 252 13, 076 423 30, 135 2, 873 3, 379 43, 362 3, 389 4,301 1,450 8,701 16, 327 2,037 1,787 8,516 3,851 2, 483 4,081 i 5§ 604 1,012 3,066 150 919 1, 127 18, 677 5, 050 5,309 759 257 7,239 141 1,398 513 3,081 5,645 442 630 1,264 763 863 1,858 06 86 342 1,415 CO HC»C W 3 :8SS i-T ©~ i-T 2, 184 341 90 5, 356 27 495 144 1, 285 2,589 292 162 542 374 366 340 3® 3, 525 1,799 7.979 567 2,241 422 2,412 46, 367 7,467 273 15, 855 1,829 1.979 22, 113 835 3, 913 943 6, 780 11, 127 1,252 820 5, 265 2, 304 2,301 3,026 180 102 4,757 1,023 11, 298 400 3,266 2,722 11,219 79, 107 8, 050 170 21, 237 2, 106 2, 784 40, 279 2, 563 2, 633 933 6,641 11,712 1,440 1,004 5,078 2,964 1,732 5, 293 2,117 128 316 219 648 43 149 47 224 2, 453 668 8 1,025 132 171 1, 430 53 263 84 508 616 73 55 540 120 90 234 24 7 525 132 1,679 38 289 303 1,250 9,705 933 22 2, 196 169 272 5, 689 S93 291 108 1,023 1,043 134 157 514 382 159 584 © CM © — NM'-trO ^0*0 05^ O C rf rr © © CM © © CM CM^CO CMOOCO ‘O ^ CM CO^ CM ^ Minnesota _ A/ticciccinni Missouri _ lVfrmtnnn Nebraska _ New Hampshire New Jersey _ New York _ North Carolina. North Dakota... Ohio . . . Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania. .. Rhode Island . _ _ South Carolina . South Dakota. .. Tennessee _ Texas _ Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia... Wisconsin _ Outlying parts of the United States Philippine Is¬ lands _ 1 Table 6. — Students ami degrees in professional schools ( 771 institutions in continental United Slates ) 70 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Other soejSaa £ 9,733 NX> tx 1 £3 c-1 S99J89a S3 1,766 — ^*-h ^ *-h — ~ H«cOW»« 40 »o CO CO CO sjuepnjg 8,306 g Q CO CO COO WNIO iO t>* 40 Tf- 40 M CC-4COO 051^ *-* CS Tt< ~ *-t co cs ^ X 40 CO CO ^ W* CO 40 i-H Nursing S98J29Q s 480 1 ' C5 1 CO • iO ■ ^ CO CO 40 04 fr* ' CO CO 1 eH I 1 CO • ' ' 8 : sjuapnig GO CO s x* o 266 60 149 SOI 1, 106 186 256 135 148 i ■ s ; 15$ ; P- CO S?^ Medicine S99J39Q 5,716 8g!S 2 861 2 ^ rt- co o to x x co r- X t-H 176 319 231 200 1 8 ; siuepnjg co •O w S3 s 303 1, 159 240 216 CO 2, 955 431 384 331 343 1,033 668 1,980 977 1, 109 36 926 ee S99JS9Q 40 8,415 65 23 36 345 59 160 CO — WCDNCO 05^ co 05 —40 ^005 05 x X CO 40 co *— < © CO «— • siuapnig 2 3 ** SS 262 101 141 1,991 287 545 4,293 301 362 47 2,914 525 427 292 398 355 615 6,007 1, 417 702 121 751 85 Home economics S99J89Q 2 SI * O * 05 • C5 ^ T-1 . cs * — ^ o c© -r 05 1© ' c© r» ' 00 00® ^ ■'TOMC© ; Oh ; £8 sjuepnjg * 17,814 SS3S :g SS :SS co — < co 546 690 1, 468 744 238 478 179 185 47 744 683 Engineer¬ ing S99J29Q 8 * 228 41 40 552 175 22 22 63 55 250 57 466 699 288 264 93 154 76 109 852 794 337 66 224 88 sjagpnig O S 1 u 1 SS 1,680 388 441 2, 445 1,512 124 178 595 225 2,232 406 3,956 5, 234 2, 185 1,928 614 1,116 483 704 4. 574 5,788 2.586 628 1,565 765 Education S99J29CI «* 39,461 585 392 251 1,659 592 360 20 257 277 264 170 1,652 871 350 633 983 677 122 203 1, 194 2,017 899 398 1, 168 55 sjuepmg 1 « 5 t* M 4,709 1,965 1,674 7,875 1, 934 1,360 60 1,631 884 987 1,275 9,278 5.018 2.527 2,843 5, 010 3,651 1, 131 1,622 6,395 10, 134 5,655 1,733 7, 643 794 Dentistry S99J89Q 1 r* 1 jN . 8 s 254 43 48 8 38 66 84 41 100 S : siuepnjg o s ;| i i 061 1 848 153 154 105 166 11 83 : 1 : Commerce and business S99J39Q »o 10, 758 05 79 722 177 77 139 109 61 878 450 211 182 143 109 51 848 124 214 125 224 67 siuepnjg - 100,388 1,387 491 4,906 1,534 692 593 573 5C3 14, 177 3,206 800 1, 170 914 1,308 443 7,968 2,795 1,085 724 2, 114 530 1 2 £3 < S99J89Q 1 SSSg$ 82 ;£?$ SgKg : S2SSS siaapmg 29,171 794 237 429 1, 338 728 139 60 179 536 281 1,016 668 1,593 772 376 919 417 396 549 853 518 843 217 - Continental United States. Alabama _ Arkansas _ California _ Colorado _ _ _ Connecticut _ District of Columbia _ _ Florida. Georgia _ _ Idaho Illinois _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ _ _ Louisiana _ Maryland _ Massachusetts _ Michigan . . . . ... Minnesota _ _ Mississippi _ Missouri _ Montana _ HIGHER EDUCATION 71 » ; i tO i 1,436 129 14 436 108 179 736 24 122 16 62 145 138 2 113 202 39 92 1 i ^ 1 1 1 15 40 11 248 sgsig g&9§§ sis CS t>T — ‘ 4C ^ 3, 927 1 05 05 CO n ; ;g ~ 05 © *-« O' CO OC 04 00® | 05 • ^ 00 ; : !! j | i 8 i ;§ *-< CO • O 05 • ** © CO ■ CO ^ • CO ' ^ co • • CO-^'OCS 'CO' t>-' :l £ s * co ! ®5 ■ CO S? S3 — 22 — r- 'M 1 00 « ' 2 •' 04 1,286 144 94 661 94 152 731 90 97 91 95 242 x : s c§ ^ ; ; 1! • 40 CO ; 2 z; CO ; i 4ft ' 05 — 05 4ft ■ 1 CO 1 ^ CO ■ ' ; ;© I i 1 ; 290 h. 1C 1C ic 00 >C 35 !*5 CM «C00 i'N ICO ' O t- t- V ■ CO — «S — MN ■ ■ © :8 8 :£ ’1 : 145 ~ ^ ®5fr* 4C — X C® O0O4 04 *0 CO 4ft CO CO ^ ■ X 40 COCO — ' O «-4 006 - .. $ : 05 CO CO 40 ^ — « o : 8 S'* 3 a S3 1 N N 1 p 40 > j CO 1,618 80 17 273 84 74 220 28 30 170 245 19 • 05 — * co co co II • 524 1 5,990 282 61 1,338 468 429 984 110 87 534 1,261 95 — *3MO ; g ® 2 g ^ 50 o ' • 0 0 SSS* ! N Sc • ' 1 1 1 1 to 1,818 42 311 838 568 639 421 182 114 169 738 735 382 118 700 326 171 549 83 1 2 2 =: £ w' 72 32 72 322 69 1,410 98 87 670 255 114 942 39 73 70 66 486 97 35 251 224 57 257 25 i N • 05 -V ^ CO CO • 4ft co N 825 250 411 3, 111 604 10,594 980 721 6,533 2, 970 889 6, 596 272 793 523 783 5,851 798 231 1,617 2,080 438 2,022 358 122 1 s 1 570 38 747 153 5,614 743 239 2, 202 1,654 153 3.502 143 33 80 991 2, 858 370 18 564 503 725 1,443 69 . §88 3,850 29 543 3, 487 1, 129 32, 132 5. 189 2,437 10, 757 7, 745 1,382 17,3.50 592 390 1.298 6,016 8, 903 1,272 442 3,311 3,300 3, 681 9,247 381 x •v ^ n c® ■ • co c® co © ~ 05 C C ^ CO ^ 40 2 3 : 8 ; S 38 8S 05 • ■ 00 ** 05 *■« ^ .a S5 j i 1 1 1C 31 34 4 1,935 25 76 717 259 198 1,629 34 28 39 70 389 222 5 8 >c ^ S 53 ! 1 co c® © ~ cs ■or — — OC4CCO w 4/0 i%. 2s» EgSSS a ^ "* :§ g ;s2 0 s IS ii i — OC - CO 4ft M C® C® C C *C Cl ^ C-CMX NCICKN 00 CONOCO X 05 X CS C® IT. N x Cl 490 90 239 368 283 1, 513 839 364 1,201 1,057 757 873 103 455 343 681 2, 524 538 i « i 3 j? i 40 40 05 — 131 437 412 C3 •go el .c t> sw Hampshire. - - - - sw Jersey - - 3W Mexico _ _ 3W York. . _ . - irth Carolina _ _ irth Dakota - lio - - - dahoma _ egon . . - - nnsylvania . . . lode Island . . uth Carolina . . . . ut.h Dakota _ _ snnessee . . . . . sxas _ _ _ - - ah . . _ .2 ! ! • d c • j : p.s; g| .!> §• -ie 111! yuiimiK -------- lited States service schools. Outlying parts of the United States iwaii--- _ lilippine Islands. - lerto Rico . . zzzz* zz'zoo 02h< rp3>> D PART 1. — TOTALS 72 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 not re- to full- asis and ng those yed for r session iiy 1 Women 16 6 eSSsI ssSii Sfsllg ggsis 1I1S1 feC T *— Too «— T t-T »— r s^ail i s 3 iSS2& §*SI- l§s§8 Slsia Sl§sl s£g- - j ,'"£-s c us’ 254432 0—41 Table 7. — Faculty variously classified, 1937-38 — Continued PART 2. - PUBLICLY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS - Continued 74 BIENNIAL SURVEY OR EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER EDUCATION 75 8II1S Ia6c 1! ■'•“gRS ' 1 2 isiii "IBs5 3£fs3 IsBiS l§8 HM6 £812 S *" jso SS35S SssIgS cc 3 2 CO 2 C 1 CS CO • CO CO ' 1 1 1 1 1 1111 1 1 1 1 Extension service County, home, and club agents 56 205 Agricul¬ tural and home economics extension O CM ! CO o ' CM • 1 CO • 1 1 1 Univer¬ sity ex¬ tension o oogco 230 wg8 2SSSS Corre¬ spond- ence 2? 1 o ' CM 00 CM 05 ! i « 1 Summer session, 1937 GO 1 40 113 197 2,743 419 762 114 89 1,772 31 110 88 321 767 142 92 116 170 106 194 Resident instruction, 1937-38 Total, excluding duplicates Women 1 1" 54 143 41 155 2,079 489 9 915 116 180 1,243 31 212 85 433 558 69 .45 429 117 94 239 S'0 Men 1 00 40 447 269 1,077 9,512 824 22 2, 179 160 289 5, 636 335 263 104 976 988 114 144 442 347 156 725 CO o Second¬ ary, ex¬ cluding training schools US •-r t-- os os t— •-< CO-HOO I 55 20 40 241 5 S So K 88S2 ^ 1 Critic teachers - | 05 22 i 00 CO p CO cm 229 11 33 69 6 14 12 56 50 9 30 22 22 16 »o ! i Colle¬ giate, pro¬ fessional and grad¬ uate CO 81 550 310 1,223 11,475 1,256 31 2, 836 256 437 6,627 360 429 182 1, 334 1,474 169 189 800 426 241 875 »-« CO Gen¬ eral ADMIN¬ ISTRA¬ TION N 20 107 91 189 1,263 418 7 620 85 134 861 80 153 57 323 342 33 51 296 134 66 179 55 50 §■§ C a! & is ts-g-e « « v o o £££££ O c >>«, Bill’S .33 t gx: OOOfctf oc 3 3 O x d o o ® COCQC-'C-'P S mb fi.cB c.SS*j g .Sea §)2 a: oj js s HIGHER EDUCATION 77 Table 8. — Students of college grade in residence , variously classified , 1937-38 PART 1. — TOTALS State Undergraduate Graduate Special and un¬ classified Men Women Men Women Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States _ 692,213 463,938 55, 780 34,514 02,574 40,108 Alabama _ 9,892 7,636 129 66 65 29 Arizona _ 3, 001 2,046 147 132 32 46 Arkansas _ 5, 469 3,898 29 14 68 96 California _ _ 50,929 35,443 4,076 2,619 1,848 3,202 Colorado.- _ _ _ 8,214 5,371 621 387 328 496 Connecticut _ 7,010 3.072 734 308 137 54 Delaware _ 544 374 4 1 37 21 District of Columbia _ ... 10, 715 5,355 1,611 993 1, 421 1,381 Florida _ 5,591 4,938 173 44 127 328 Georgia - - - 11, 067 9,185 243 161 94 72 Idaho _ 3, 486 2,050 108 40 31 33 Illinois _ 43,409 29,019 4,699 3,382 11.828 6,293 Indiana _ _ 19, 481 9, 218 839 362 235 408 Iowa _ 14, 654 10, 249 1,411 657 155 302 Kansas _ _ _ _ _ 13, 586 9,293 647 313 291 492 Kentucky - - - - 9, 885 8, 647 433 346 150 356 Louisiana _ _ 11,468 8,306 813 314 681 231 Maine _ 2, 962 2, 144 38 14 53 95 Maryland _ 7,063 4, 776 895 247 1,568 816 Massachusetts _ _ _ _ _ 29, 718 17,074 3, 387 1,231 3, 699 1,825 Michigan... _ _ _ _ 26, 145 16,660 2, 870 2,070 3, 926 2,926 Minnesota _ _ _ 15, 993 11,844 1,487 570 115 61 Mississippi _ _ 6, 192 5. 445 138 18 21 103 Missouri _ 19, 075 13, 907 772 407 286 277 Montana _ _ _ _ 3, 103 2, 161 111 30 6 27 Nebraska . . . . . 8, 665 6,028 353 118 360 478 Nevada _ . 700 423 28 48 13 9 New Hampshire _ 3,948 1,388 93 15 45 17 New Jersey _ _ 12,004 4, 527 622 36 1,671 100 New Mexico _ _ 2,522 1,380 57 79 46 91 New York. _ _ _ _ _ _ 80. 780 53, 613 14, 425 11, 321 20,164 14,250 North Carolina _ _ _ 14, 372 13, 074 558 236 176 318 North Dakota _ _ 3,990 2,986 138 53 88 155 Ohio _ _ _ _ 37, 596 21,903 2, 376 1,442 6, 455 6,203 Oklahoma _ 14, 586 12,093 505 402 241 446 Oregon _ 12, 860 6, 369 623 269 302 254 Pennsylvania _ 41, 152 21,908 4, 240 2. 764 3, 493 3,886 Rhode Island _ 3,008 1,268 258 118 216 213 South Carolina _ _ 7, 292 6,383 58 85 58 107 South Dakota _ _ _ 3,017 2, 358 50 13 43 51 Tennessee _ _ 11,234 11,014 467 474 159 237 Texas _ _ 35, 083 27. 191 1, 233 916 528 786 Utah.. _ _ 6, 511 3, 970 302 93 126 240 Vermont _ _ 1,797 1,638 34 24 13 21 Virginia. _ _ 11,995 10, 258 474 85 76 257 Washington _ .. 13, 379 9,116 971 590 76 164 West Virginia _ _ 6,419 5, 609 128 54 275 633 Wisconsin.. _ _ _ 15, 375 10,667 1,324 518 708 248 Wyoming _ 1,227 663 48 35 40 34 V. S. service schools 4, 049 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska 148 63 1 5 Canal Zone 77 58 2 6 Hawaii _ 891 737 68 123 192 499 Philippine Islands ... _ _ 5,908 1,927 71 36 22 27 Puerto Rico. _ _ _ _ 1,897 2, 265 1 8 11 17 78 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 Table 8. — Students of college grade in residence, variously classified, 1937-38 — Continued PART 2. - PUBLICLY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS State Undergraduate Graduate Special and un¬ classified Men Women Men Women Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States . J85 7(1 253, 874 23,924 12,846 26,235 20, 875 Alabama. _ _ _ _ _ _ 7, 277 4,959 124 60 62 16 Arizona _ _ _ _ _ _ 3,001 2, 046 147 132 32 46 Arkansas. _ _ 4, 308 2. 778 29 14 57 88 California _ 35. 600 26, 692 2,120 1,328 1, 595 2, 723 Colorado _ 6, 046 3, 409 390 144 92 115 805 1, 327 14 21 4 Delaware _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 517 360 4 1 13 6 271 789 6 97 Florida. _ _ _ _ _ 3, 426 2, 296 172 40 30 55 Georgia _ _ _ 7, 103 5,094 137 36 30 14 Idaho _ _ _ 2, 008 1, 508 108 40 31 27 Illinois _ _ _ _ 16, 781 10, 208 1, 125 344 201 173 Indiana _ _ _ 9, 857 4, 769 635 330 139 232 Iowa _ _ _ 9, 063 5. 686 1,355 597 75 112 Kansas _ _ 10, 691 6, 535 633 307 171 253 Kentucky _ _ _ _ 6, 548 4,771 365 346 45 231 Louisiana . . . . 7, 780 5, 400 567 194 113 100 Maine _ _ _ 1,483 1,218 35 11 42 8 Maryland _ 2, 896 1,859 256 112 16 19 Massachusetts _ 1,576 3. 2%8 184 99 33 30 Michigan _ 19,266 13, 071 2,782 1,981 3, 146 2, 259 Minnesota _ 11,298 8, 366 1,479 553 61 31 Mississippi _ _ 5, 178 3, 724 138 18 12 25 Missouri _ 8, 471 6,416 343 156 39 67 Montana.. _ 2,834 1,817 111 30 6 27 Nebraska... _ _ _ 5, 736 4,212 336 90 40 81 Nevada _ 700 423 28 48 13 9 New Hampshire _ _ 1,296 966 36 15 28 17 New Jersey _ 2, 930 2, 222 14 8 131 21 New Mexico _ 2, 522 1,380 57 79 46 91 New York _ _ _ 19, 060 21,883 2, 630 2,096 14, 183 9, 164 North Carolina _ 6, 573 5, 887 370 172 113 102 North Dakota _ _ 3, 820 2,713 138 53 88 155 Ohio _ 19, 453 10, 498 1,777 897 3, 995 2,276 Oklahoma. _ _ 12, 690 10, 568 421 319 115 225 Oregon _ _ _ _ 10, 254 4, 467 611 260 136 186 Pennsylvania _ _ _ 7, 979 6, 053 358 85 293 467 Rhode Island . . . . . . 870 743 36 10 13 11 South Carolina... . . . . 4, 703 2,532 40 70 32 60 South Dakota . . . 2, 103 1,445 50 13 24 21 Tennessee . . . . 4, 963 4,726 167 112 85 104 Texas _ _ 23, 989 16,737 792 540 351 489 Utah.. . . . . . . . 5, 214 2,872 239 66 46 113 Vermont _ _ _ 798 811 29 18 13 21 Virginia . . . . 7, 031 5,098 412 63 34 174 Washington... . . 10, 558 6, 954 863 534 41 78 West Virginia _ 4, 860 3, 830 128 54 102 111 Wisconsin _ _ _ 10, 339 7, 845 1,091 336 205 107 Wyoming _ _ _ _ _ 1,227 663 48 35 40 34 United States service schools 4,049 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska 148 63 1 5 Canal Zone . . . .. 77 58 2 6 Hawaii _ _ 891 737 68 123- 192 499 Philippine Islands _ 3,801 1,749 61 34 22 27 Puerto Rico 1,780 2. 180 8 HIGHER EDUCATION 79 Table 8. — Students of college grade in residence , variously classified, 1937-38 — Continued PART 3. — PRIVATELY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS State 1 Continental United States.. Alabama _ _ _ _ Arkansas _ California _ Colorado _ _ _ Connecticut _ _ _ _ Delaware _ _ _ _ _ District of Columbia _ Florida _ _ _ Georgia _ Idaho . . . . . . Illinois _ _ _ Indiana _ Iowa _ _ _ _ Kansas _ Kentucky . . . . . . . Louisiana _ _ _ Maine _ Maryland _ _ Massachusetts _ _ Michigan _ _ Minnesota _ Mississippi _ Missouri _ Montana _ Nebraska _ New Hampshire _ .. New Jersey.. . . New York _ _ North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ _ Oklahoma _ _ _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania _ Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ _ South Dakota _ _ Tennessee _ _ _ _ _ Texas.. _ _ _ _ Utah . . . . Vermont . . . Virginia _ _ _ Washington . . . West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ _ _ Outlying parts of the United States Undergraduate Graduate Special and un¬ classified Men Women Men 1 Women Men Women 2 3 4 "V 6 7 333, 512 210, 064 31,856 21,668 36, 339 28, 293 2,615 2, 677 5 6 3 13 1, 161 1, 120 11 g 15, 329 8, 751 1, 956 1,291 253 479 2, 168 1.962 231 243 236 381 §.205 1,745 720 308 116 50 27 14 24 15 10, 444 4, 566 1, 611 993 1,415 1,284 2,165 2, 642 1 4 97 273 3, 964 4,091 106 125 64 58 578 542 6 26, 628 18, 811 3, 574 3, 038 11,627 6, 120 9, 624 4, 449 204 32 96 176 5,591 4,563 56 60 80 190 2, 895 2, 758 14 6 120 239 3, 337 3T876 68 105 125 3,688 2,906 246 120 568 131 1,479 926 3 3 11 87 4, 167 2,917 639 135 1,552 797 28, 142 13, 826 3, 203 1, 132 3, 666 1,795 6, 879 3,589 88 89 780 667 4,695 3, 478 8 17 54 30 1,014 1, 721 9 78 10. 604 7,491 429 251 247 210 269 344 2, 929 1,816 17 28 320 397 2. 652 422 57 17 9, 074 2,305 608 28 1,540 79 61,720 31,730 11,795 9,225 5, 981 5,086 7, 799 7, 187 188 64 63 216 170 273 18. 143 11,405 599 545 2, 460 3, 927 1,896 1,525 84 83 126 221 2, 606 1.902 12 9 166 68 33, 173 15, 855 3,882 2,679 3, 200 3,419 2, 138 525 222 108 203 202 2,589 3, 851 18 15 26 47 914 913 19 30 6, 271 6, 288 300 362 74 133 11.094 10, 454 441 376 177 297 1,297 1,098 63 27 80 127 999 827 5 6 4, 964 5, 160 62 22 42 83 2. 821 2, 162 108 56 35 86 1,559 1,779 173 522 5,036 2, 822 233 182 503 141 2, 107 178 10 2 ’ 117 85 11 17 Philippine Islands Puerto Rico _ Table 9. — Students oJJ campus and secondary and military enrollments, 1937-38 PART 1. - TOTALS 80 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Senior or 4- year nigh 3 20, 337 i 724 135 12 312 1,019 1, 100 412 287 399 1,274 1, 193 87 1 i sm 1 joth sexe Junior high 5 9,961 233 85 101 19 69 159 249 70 36 115 463 220 77 031 87 102 \ \ S3* IS Ele¬ men¬ tary S 1 s ISSia £ -T ~ eo sss ssisl 31=11 sslls C4 \ lining _ ... ed States service schools... itlying parts of the United States ka _ ail - ippine Islands _ to Rico _ E- ^ i> < 53 C» ( 84 s 9 c c U % & Ed s < H BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 HIGHER EDUCATION 85 * : 3 : : IS ; § 1 t 05 • : | 140 21 202 263 458 420 362 388 313 ! S83S C^4 i«*si in i ! es -T Sis! 319 678 106 1,744 145 418 143 79 S i 41 179 27 81 2,541 813 388 201 528 1,069 1,055 226 787 964 39 ! sBSl 1 3,304 j ^ i i S : : \m i i ^ i 401 74 I i : 1,047 160 102 S i j§ ; ; O isr* ! - IN l 1,792 is i i o ;© i CO • 1 N ; TJ< x I • 1,089 10, 371 2, 498 3, 184 2§sl Sssi2 §§£§ 598 6.234 184 2, 084 06 4,271 814 44 34 106 869 585 : SSI10 - CO 2 g : U9JM - 1 i f* N 8 2 00 ^ CO CO 05 3 CO rt< o CO C5 1— < £ H 5 o c < Grad¬ uate U9UI0AV 1 1 2 1 1 1 : [ c ) c \ c > cc ; £ : c • c )C rt X E ;c |t >.z ic Florida _ Georgia - - Idaho hi ' c 1 ec J l l : c • C\ ',K/ > ) c- | z i e I ^ Louisiana _ _ Maine = I! ! « Massachusetts _ Michigan _ _ _ Minnesota. _ _ _ _ HIGHER EDUCATION 87 0 HHiO? ' r-H r— > CS CD *D CO N(NNO)h iO rH CS rH S°°8& CS 00 CO cs s?£ 22 gj ssk40 ;°° CS *H I > u- O ! ■ CS iD ;8;S££ < ^ CO CD 1 go ^ <£ go •?£ co go 05 cs cs cp ^gcf > CS CO C rcsfio • 00 05 © co 05 © cs : 3 2 g 00 o * HN 00 CD CO CD O CD O — 00 cs 37 1 1 Cl ID cs ID T?< (N ' CO CD 1 142 865 8 CO 154 979 136 208 § iD CS CS ^h 223 © CS »8 S $ * Is l-sass .2.2 o ® 03 ® © <0 £££££ £°° ®00£J< Z2:^oo 'a a o o > CO 03 c bi J> a-? ■Sts i I c3 oj.2 >1 .3 5 &■* 2 £!2 ! 6 ; Under¬ grad¬ uate U9UI0 YY 1 I as 4,431 ' 00 2 81 96 901 05 CO U9M 00 M 2 i ** ss :g s 08 00 CO 1 1 | I 1 - ! * 1 . 1 ; 1 oc S ! ! i Columbia.. _ 0 ■r -C !i 1-5 g O •5 U 4 I J? X 2 •I 2j e ^ s "s 2 c c e O) « 2 e '5 'H ,r CC • p •- o CC8 SCt lull J2X i_ ce o O 33 -5 fi.oo ? Jr'S m Ifglil GCCfcO c « 'S.S'S £ 2 Si 2 a sag'**. £ 3 *3 « § £>§■« % 2=°2M WjSSS £22 HIGHEE EDUCATION 89 • cs ; ” ! 6 91 2 • • || (M . ! ^ ! $ MM MM T . lO • 176 23 :? 349 63 8 716 334 114 181 8 i i ' r 14 193 34 113 ii > ; S2 :S . - ^ OS-. Washington . . . . west Virginia _ Wisconsin Wyoming - - - - - Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ Hawaii . . . Philinnine Islands Puerto Rico . | 254432 0—41 - 7 Table 10. — Students in professional schools, both independent and university schools, including teacher -training institutions, 1937-38 ( 771 institutions in Continental United States ) — Continued 90 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 5 I $ - eg I pfe I f i ° I £ I I S I I ' CO to -C > *0 .00 • 8 :® § ! S l I T O NON o cm cco CO 'CO 05 »o ^ — « • o o .C0!O CM to 00 S cm 2 s 8 iiOimNO 5C g 5 2 « As ! 51 i “ i «- 1 ® w. i 55 :8 CM CM ■53 t>2 - i I J 3 e3 ’’’ S ~ 5 05 CO *— < — < CM >«cco s O ] £ ! =. 1 r» > 00 CM ft « : ! . - CM CO Men S 8 I ! O I 5 i s '£ 2 — CM CO ^ O 05 CO iO CM i— t CM § I g i O I c S ^ t ^ g 5 to a ® R, w u m a i. o o as a; w — “ ZZZZO OOPutf® tnE-HP> >?£?£ 1-1 O o© ■ 5« 3fs 5*35 ® o a ~G * S 1 ..S * « -H l-« a „ *J* S 9 © a £> 9 A & 3 T3 ® *3 gZ • * « _ O’® u.9®g i:-il •23 Sxs ® s.§se a-g^” ■gSfl ® S.9 o S N«£D O* 03*0 g Its a Om£ ® o a « S o--S® ■Sa^ « as B>o Bill o > o X 9|*| ioSo J co in co M 3) ■cot g 3 3 3 g o o o*B a © 3o 92 C *5 $ 3 X s < H w > w .J hJ o o W o co >« CQ co W r" *< P O *< OS o Q Z co gi Z K . 03 1 4 years uaraoAV ss 165 • 00 1 03 |S | j | 1 U9J\J « 2 - Tf « ^ ! Graduates with specialization in teaching by school type or level Other speciali¬ zation uaraoAV S5 1,903 - :SS 2 16 38 10 78 26 , . 03 03 — • t>. • • © 03 © f-« 1 1 1 1 U9JV w 1,311 © CO O ^ •V o 9 28 16 85 10 —4 1 -XT Tf — • © 03 © 03 CO ^ Rural U9UI0AY s | U* # 29 1 1 4 54 8 127 26 160 124 66 : 8 U9J\[ 2 ! 408 03 i © 00 CO ^ © 1 • 1— » 03 T}< 1 1 CO Senior high U9CUOAY 2 15,455 236 38 128 502 126 37 11 21 29 279 7 522 383 192 567 263 205 49 133 594 284 uapv r* w r» « OONWO C0COO3©© OOCNOO o 03 03 © U- CO -H © MCOOO © 03 03 CO —< C- ~ ^ HH COC003CO NN 03 Elemen¬ tary U9UI0AV © 1 J co r>- -4 03 io 03 05 oicor^r^o ^ ^ © r>- -^^^03 ©G{J©t^© CO U9K 2 s? ! 50 100 49 107 6 © I-- ^cor^oi© ^0003^0© 03 03 ^ rr CO 03 CO ^ ^ © Junior high U9CU0AV i = f u \ >C NaN iO M U? ■'»< e -cn « ■>»< io H IN i-H Nes,'3 S U3TC ! 2 § |2 8 © 03 -4 © • © rt« cor^©co© © »-4 | 03 CO ^ 'Inter¬ mediate uauiOAY j oj i © 03 © — « CO ^ © CO oo CO © oo©©oo^ r^ooo3^© op © I''* 03 CO — • 03 CO 03© 00 CO 03 CO -4 ^ 03 1 U9IM ! = I s 1 13 14 5 03 © ©©©©© © . —• Tf« . 03 03 © 03 © Tf CO • 03 apnaJi AjBUHid o i 1 1 N4}«NiC-4 CO 03 03©~© 5 8 83 354 259 29 83 30 jSjbui i -ud-uauBajapuxx 05 1 eo ! S- ;2 ! ® CO •4f § CO ”” : 9 1 91 uajJB^japuix 1 * 1 426 i . © • :® III rf 03 looqosajj ! - s I : ■ © • ; ; 1 j ^ 00 © 03 Students in regular session Graduate U9UI0AV 1 I 5 ! 2 ^ G 15 747 148 —•03© © © CO 00 © 03 © © © Tf 03 03 CO —4 — • © 03 ^ CO © 03 uapv 1 US 1 11,955 © r- x x co co © 5o 03 00 ^ © © © co CO © 03 ^H©00— J© — 03 1^ GO U nder- giaduate U9UIOAV 1 1 - 1 | © © 3C 1 © 2 4, 420 940 1,783 7, 168 ! 1,590 1,124 229 1,444 3, 146 4, 443 1,112 8, 114 4, 973 3, 623 3, 302 4,896 3, 324 1, 155 1.608 7, 345 6, 763 1 1 U9JM i « i 91,745 1,952' 880 1, 241 3, 608 1,030 310 67 521 753 1,339 924 4, 117 3, 194 1,689 2, 329 3,246 1,442 517 604 2, 068 3,549 2uiiJod3J suoijnjijsm' jo idqumtf i i e* 1 1 e* — ^ © © co © 03 © -- cm © -* oo ^ op r- — ^ r>- CM «— 1 CO «— • — i CO © 03 CO CO 03— — co © State or outlying part - Continental U. S Alabama _ _ Arkansas. _ California . Colorado _ Delaware _ District of Columbia Florida Georsia . . . Idaho Illinois _ Indiana Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine. . . . Maryland Massachusetts _ Michigan... . HIGHER EDUCATION 93 - CO i o ; ; ’ i°° 495 110 22 i : 2 . i • cs :3 3* : 344 126 413 335 263 8 14 32 26 474 907 74 307 494 sg si$ss -ggs 3 2$$S? 2 *2 ,*§£2 Eg Ng gS§®*2 38- 3 50 ; 05 s?3 52- :$? *8 : : :238 1 8 : 00 1 r- 05 g10** :2 ; ;g*2 3 . 8 ; ; : : 05 Sc a a iifii mu lull j!|| r 1L ZZZOO Ci-CSx^ c-E-D>> ££££ o 94 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 11. — Students in curricula preparatory to teaching , 1937-38 — Continued A. ENROLLMENTS AND GRADUATES BY SCHOOL LEVEL— Continued PART 2. - PUBLICLY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS Graduates without degrees by length of teacher-preparing curriculum 1 year U8OI0AV j « ! ft i CO • i • ■ t- 55 ii : : i i i U8JV | * 1 « ! ^ ! i O i i ' CO ' ' 1 1 1 2 years uauioAV l 8 1 i CM 0005 CM • 40 JO • ^ cm co — 40 © 5 : : uaj^ - ! i 05 O CO 05 N * CO 40 CO 00^ QONOCO ICOO CM OCOh iO 5 i CM 3 years uamoAV. © 2 N ! ! CO h ' CM <4 ■ 00 r 7CO*H M 05 uejv; s 1 § us © ; ;8? JS*' 4 years uamoAV ^ 1 •* 1 154 30 ! ! co > • | | ; U9JV « 1 £ ft* i i ! f Graduates with specialization in teaching by school type or level Other speciali¬ zation u9moAV w w r» CD 21 63 10 • CO 00 i CO 78 4 cm • CO 1 U9JM s | 1 40 3 40 101 28 2 83 • © 1 • CM Rural U9UI0AV s i 1. 550 4 34 \\ s 106 17 114 115 U9J\[ = 1 £ CO 40 j c !M i 1 7 11 23 Senior high u9uioa\. QO s D 0 00«N» JJJ-H 6 122 © ^ CM CM © © 00 g © 00 »ON ;«§ U9pj 5, 904 © 40 © © © © p CO 40 © © 40 cm g • CO j ^ Elemen¬ tary u9uioa\. © | 7,480 |S88S :! i N 85 34 96 115 • ^ © CM CO CM © © h- U9pj 4/S 1,176 CO 1 40 00 ' CO “’SgSS Junior high u9moA\. 00 us 165 8 204 27 14 5 31 135 oo^ S t-'°‘ > 1 CO • ^ U9JM 2 1 g o 5 66 20 20 j S3 ! ' o - 1 8 75 i © 1 00 Inter¬ mediate i j 09030 AV « i 1 w 8 > 40 -4 05 — < 1 CO CO CO 00 • © • • ^ ' O OO^OONrH CM 40 CM Tt< O | napv s 467 : 1 13 14 5 : ^ ! O 40 0 CM 40 CO CO 1 W 40«CO CO • A-rerauj o D5 5 27 24 47 8 51 66 Si CM CO CM •—» CO O CO CM © CO Xjern -tJd-u8jje3J9pu]3[ j 1,248 83 48 ■ CO ; 05 S : : uajjreSjapmx ac ^ ' 50 : ; ; :* looqosajj D5 [ j j [ | Students in regular session Graduate u9moAV - 05 40-^ 40 40 ;OC5 i-HQO^^g r- ^ CM CO Under¬ graduate 09010 a\. 1 130, 706 2,916 940 1,564 6, 097 1,409 1,048 229 789 1,954 2, 191 880 4, 856 3, 173 1,858 2, 364 3, 199 2,690 953 1,041 2, 748 09 JV *5 *S r» eo s 1,434 880 1,076 3,027 904 173 67 271 415 566 844 3,024 2, 114 890 1,781 2,474 , 1,135 N§o w ^ © FThTco Suijjodoj suotinjijsui jo jaqum^ W 00 ©CMCMCO© OOt^i State or outlying part - Continental (J. S . Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas California _ Colorado _ Connecticut _ Delaware _ District of Columbia. Florida _ Georgia _ T Illinois _ Indiana _ Kansas... _ _ Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine _ Maryland _ Massachusetts _ HIGHER EDUCATION 95 i i i : i 5 • • 00 ■ £ 33 ' : : ww ! ! 1 ! 2 ! ! ; .d 5 2® ! i . . i sgsg8 s® 3 51s 8§ g :§SS| :§i« £8233 05 (NSC 0?® 83 3 ;-«05 . 32- 3 : : 2®" ” : 2 :8 8 :S 05 C^4 : gj WN SI ■ ■ : : : 2 1 2 ■ 1 1 S :2 : 2 : • ; «C - :g : :8s;::: : : i J I T™1 J - 3 223 . : S-2£§ £~ = ^3 : 5 ■ • • !>• 1 ■Sf 2 2 w X M >C *C Cl 10*0 C ; s : *3 : 3 3 »o £232 2 3 :3 - 3 :S ; : 3 : Nex* O >0 • w sc :3 • 2 : ® i « 243 187 104 1,022 74 £ - - ISISS Si"5 3?: 33S33 ®li2 55 131 108 173 238 19 2 3 SSKII 51® S S|S“’ £||2 cc 13 -2323 | 222 23 3 :§ cgsssg iSS* «N s Cl SC SC «0 ; ; 2^g-2 - « OJ CO -O’ | ss- •3 ! 41 24 50 9 27 OCXNCSr; ; : D j : = N3 53 ^ SO S 2 rr > 23 8 > : g-2«2 S35 ‘CM 2 :« X 71 168 50 62 38 SN 3588 :§32£ 83^£2 352 : II 0 5 --C2*CC*5 3 3 5 13 3 — C5 C* -3^ : II S33®3 3* : £238 2333 23® *- : II 3 “9S3 £ 5 : £ 00 O CO 3 -3 : 1 « 2- - : : g ; : « * ; f"H ; ll 05 CO : : : : : : : : : : . J ■ - 05 O 26 23 71 r» K w 8 ' CO *0 05 50 CO i-x ' — -h CO ^ ^ O CM . 3 years uamoAV j ce 50 w 50 00 CO - ' 00 2 U8K | » W ; CM CM ' 00 4 years uaraoAV | » i - CM uapv ■ i r* Graduates with specialization in teaching by school type or level Other speciali¬ zation uamoAV s 50 eo CO © CM CM 8 22 44 U3K w h* 05 ^ CM O CO CM 25 30 Rural uarao.w « ! - i W5 a 8 CM uapV 2 Oi w 50 CM j 8 1 2 1 49 r"H 1 Senior high uamojw. . ! e* tDWONM - CO NNN 00*0^0 05 O *-h CO O — < CO CM CM CM >0 CO NCOOOOCO Sf CM »-H CO i-h i-H i-h rf CM najv 3,816 — ' ^ ^ ^ t^cMiococo t^o5io»o^H t^r^05050 OHO »CO0 05 ° ^ 00 CM 1-H 50 CO CO Elemen¬ tary uarao^w 2 1 1 3,614 s §2 *0^*0 50 00 r^co^co© ^ CO 05 50 50 »OiO^05C0 CO 1— 1 1-H ^ . 1-H CO ' uajv 2 r* *« »0 8 00 CM CM • Junior high uamoAV j 3 r* 0* »C cm *o 05 50 50 s : uajv j 2 ! s? 1 1"H iONH 50 co 2 ! Inter¬ mediate uauiOAV 2 1,028 i CM — < *-h CO 8 23g£M U- ' uap\[ - ; 1 S i i • 50 i CO CM CO ^ 1 apejil AjBmiJj ® 637 ON 51 141 87 8 20 ^ ; Ajbui -ud-uaueSjapuix 1 i os I 735 05 CM • 2 ;3 161 1 71 uajjeSjapuix 1 * 1 3 1 W • i lO ' • CO • • jooqosajj ! ! 5 © * : i Students in regular session Graduate 1 I uauiOAi 1 1 to 9, 583 250 221 6 1 iO CM CM ^H rr 00 50 CO 1 uajM l 1 »o i ! 3 ! **„ 1 *■ 05 05 CM 00 *-H CO 05 oo CM CM 140 15 1 Under¬ graduate uauiOAV i 1 1 50* 50 1.504 219 1,071 181 76 655 1, 192 2, 252 232 3, 258 1,800 1, 765 938 1, 697 634 202 567 4,597 1, 164 1,494 uajM 1 « i 1 2 ! 5 1 ** 518 165 481 126 137 250 338 773 80 1,093 1,080 799 548 772 307 143 201 1,561 460 835 Su])jodoj suoijnjijsui jo jaquin^ e* 645 2®®^ 88282 ! State or outlying part i l : 5C P 13 B 4- o £ l — c 2? s « a « a-* Q .$ ' : 3 c - - < U 3 2 s c 31 X if u : c ' • x j 3 CM ■*« 8 • co X 05 1 1 i 05 1 . ' 1 1 r- . • 1 j X £8 g ; 2 00 ! X CM " : i co CO X « co CM CM CM O ^ X 1 CM — 2 CM i i 76 44 -j 150 1,256 253 349 12 65 745 to — cicci'X r^cM-^* co C5 CM ^ x CM CO O CM 1-H i 00 to i-i CO •— c o w *o CX005C5 co — co ^ r>- ncc *C ^ CO ^J oc CO C5 CM tO tO CO CM ^ ^ 00 CM CM 3 'f ^f05N t>- *0 2? 97 111 156 189 22 c co cm CO X CO 05 CM CM N ^ CM CM XX »g CM X ?; S5S CM CO : * X • CO X ! ; X j CM . II CM CM i 8 CM O CO i-i tN. . ^ to 00 CO ■ X X O ^ 05 CM ^ CO 1-1 — ^ to GO CM — « ; - -CM •• X CM ■ tO X i i *o - ' Tf CO CO r-« C5 CM CO ^ to to t^CC CO -^-1 CO X X 1 1 i l CM :S CO 1-4 CO CO CM CM CM CM CM 1 i 421 CO ; 1 i CO CM 7, 272 90 37 5 1,019 ! loot* . CO ^ « CM c | 1 i i CM CM 1 5,200 76 24 5 1,337 207 99 11 co r>- CM 2 1 1 s 1 810 761 199 549 668 12,574 2, 517 4,681 362 385 7,047 51 1,625 656 1,839 3, 204 353 4 1,036 505 416 419 E 117 251 89 313 25 307 4, 867 944 1,714 105 245 3, 096 127 356 340 862 1,469 164 75 355 351 218 315 1 S *-HtOCOCO-« O 35 CM X N C N CM C 05 X CO CO CO — < — | ^ ^ CM CO ~ CM CO r-. — J E J s BE i L -- if . y , j ii a ; c \z ! 3 Nebraska Mow TTnmnShiro - > \ 1 j 5 ; 2 New York . . Mnrth riarrdina Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Orpunn Pennsylvania _ Phndr> Island <£ c & •C il South Dakota . _ Tennessee . . . Texas _ _ _ Utah c E >> Virginia _ _ Washington .£ :*c Lb !> ! C & be ' « = E . Outlying parts of the United States Philippine Islands,.. 98 IS "S P s < * o ^ g C* 02 I o C CO S, w g Eh e P s 2 •8 a is o 3 I e « BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 namoAV I U .X o gi 3 ® TJ £ W o ® o JS S."S 0 3 — K to > o9p\[ oooioay U9K §fl.S oB| GGT3 h 111 £3S .o 2 3 2 P’S >i o js 3 P’S oouioay 09J^ uoraoAV U9K U9OI0AV. sc SC cn 09H « s NO ■ 0» 50 ®22g8 28 voifl os to eo © i — < — CO Tt- •>»< I lOSM^OS COCO Q9nio ay U9PV .2 j 09010 ay 2 09K I I E S § 2 "S S ^ O S CO CO ^ CO O* OOCJOr^C^ SO 05 ) O CO tO t>* ’ :2^g§S 50 • a> oo ic oo ^-lOXON '^00000 05 C 000500 0»CH05Tf< 1-i 00 t'- CO »0 OOTfOO 05 U9OI0AY ao 8 U- *-« ^ o ^ « 1 nop\[ O9OI0AY aapv ao I co co cc os ' ® 1 r- I ; ; ; ; ^ ; j ; ; j ; ; ; ; ; ^ ; ; ; ; 5 09010 ay "3 U9K — ce — ■ r~ t'- o 3a|}J0d9J saoiinwsni jo jgqumjvj; »«ec» Ol OJ CC »« t- OS — CO C*5 CO NiOMMM : C i i = I ® c I I a C3 g B' S 5 3 o _ 5'E i-a o w - OQ .S G.S'S !? c “ o Ei ■ •a 3 C ' C.C I — © — £ ^ca^c/3 .22 G ?*> c/d r-s*g gg-sss HIGHER EDUCATION 99 100 1 1 1 < z ° K w S a. i : S 8 £ xa a. W .2 -5 3 S3 1 2 2 g X X a < Graduates with other specializations ttf Educational M research tzj IAL SUR uainOjVV VEY IS OF « W 1 El )T JCl LTI 0 N , 3 »o .93 6- 3 8 - uaj^ o « c<\ to 50 -« 00 School super¬ vision u9uioa\. « N 1 151 50 CO U9JV s to CO School adminis¬ tration uamoAV ao 163 CS CO to 50 r^c* »on COOO*-I fcO 50 1-1 - CO U- »ON 'O* naj,v r* ! Commerce and business uamoAV to r- i-i O* CO CO 2 O to ^ 03 CO 00 ^ ^ 1-4 CO d *•32 S3 uojv 496 00 CN 00 S ^ 50 I ^2^ 8^:5813 2 HNN Agriculture U9tUOA\ 50 U9JAI eo 957 cq »c o CO »C - HNN • 05 co co n co o r>«cot^05cs coc^c^o*^ Tt< h r-H co h co r>« * §2 8 .s§-g &>>o C ® "C _ •§wll£ > -s it -t 0) V O O O oQ g> oo£j< £ £2000 s-gC 2 B S? O S3 OJ £ JaS _ > To os g »3 ® r- — ® e^££ a Itflll um a> w a>.— e-o>>£ bo a r « fl ►§s si £ £££ ©« .s« £:3 a2 a *S fc 5 « J3 3 ffi 0-. 0-. 102 u •15 e N S j "■* o b w i “ ^ * a, c r w s W << 3 D c a a Sh o fc- g o ® o xi a s o £ g uauiOjW U8K nauiOAV uap\[ uamo^vv uaj^ •=0.5 •3 o S2 III uauio^ •fi O 3 2 Pig 'll ■C 3 ^■g uaj\[ uatnOAV nojv MON i i CO 3 I uduio.w uejv uouioay uoi^; o 81 £§ uaino^w uajv Eg.E |§3 6 * ueuiOAV uajv uauio^ uojm isuijjodoi suoijruj^sui jo joquin\ Nil N | I ao « ; :ss »0 i CO iflNN I gj OO^MNM I N g CO 00 t> -tNeO ICO NNHM : w 5> «?.c »og«2 2*«Sg ~Eo22 22**3 innesota. HIGHER EDUCATION 103 104 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER EDUCATION 105 M ; iN • co o — i -h l i ii — CM t- : 2 : :2 : 2 CM CM Q ^ ' . »o i i 2 142 35 3 42 55 1 56 31 18 9 64 4 24 9 16 3 CO ' »-H OCM — t^*C C5 00 coow » !N : 5 : :8 .2 :9 ^ £2 oo ! CM ; ; ^ ; ; ! ! ^ ; ® : : : 00 : s : 2 21 15 14 «*• g n 8 31 53® c© CO • ,c^2 :s - -CM i 8 11 8 36 : i3 i ■ Tf ^ 1 i 1 27 88 4 65 76 2 96 62 1 53 251 13 5 7 83 17 16 c© " 32 S2 :2^2 : . c© ;(N H CC lO *C ON«H •*« « •'U" 1-H 00 1 • 00 • : 3® 2 : £88 : “’S !S r*~ Sl*i§ "s :®s s2- 1 CO IC^CS c s |K2gg 8S822 = ^ 28£ ; ifl c© 00 CO ; £2-* : .82 — 00 CO O O ' CO : °8 8 2-g : gN2-S S5 § g 8 ^ ££222 8®2® 63 1 25 39 13 834 129 15 281 147 32 328 88 13 22 101 255 31 9 75 103 22 184 7 co 1SSS” §1111 8851® 28SSS SIP i-i - - - t"- 05 CO — CO ■ TT F-H 29 70 CM 05 CM COO5 00 H i ^ 05 CM CO • O CO Forest¬ ry * S,J3}S«JV US i- M : : i : i 1 ! ^ : 1- IRuoissej -OJd JSJTJ " r» N O Is- 1 O 1 CM US . CM ' » 1 CM 118 84 ! us . CM Fine arts S,J3}SBJ\[ 05 w i CO ' US ! [ | ! | [ * IBU0ISS3J -ojd ?sji j s W s • CO 8 4 14 ao : : • i ^ CO - — . CO -CM iH us Engineering s.jojooa; * 144 •' cm 05 CM - ; ; us — CO j i — CO CO 00 ^ CO — CM ! | S.JOJSBPV 2 1,117 1—1 11-105 OM^OO^ *0 to 05 Jjj< g [BUOISS3J -oad isjij QO r» U5 o O — 1 Tt* — 1 -H 00 *0 ^ O OONNNN 0«10W-I NWCOCC>0 C5 iM CO *C -9< to — n. tc >o 00 t- 05 tO N»CC00 - i Agriculture s.jojooq ! - 116 i- Tf i ! CM 1 1 1 ! CM ® ; HS ' co • 1 1 - 468 ^ CO CO O CM 'o CO O 05 US ! O O CM CO CO CO — ' — CO — 1 — CO 1 {BUOISS3J -oad jsjij 1 1 "* 1 3, 944 00 CO 00 CO CO o O ^ CO ^ 00 CM — 1 — CM CIO C0005TfN CX)00COO5 CO 00 CM CM 00 ICOJ 1C O N O rr CO CO ^ • r^COI^05CM Total j s.jojooq 1 - ! 853 CO • CO 00 00 — ' Tf Cco ! US 00 ' CM CO 05 tN» ! ! .1^. — iTf 1 1 ' ^ — • — ' CO 00 CO US i 1 S, J3!JSBp\J 1 w 1 11,371 28 40 16 522 255 87 1 225 22 31 60 599 368 39 201 128 129 23 85 619 603 251 5 65 26 [BU01SS0J -oad isjij ! ~ 1 86, 437 1,273 465 582 4, 137 1, 130 780 60 1,577 635 1,297 366 5, 945 2, 526 1,613 1,511 1,495 1,557 281 957 4, 178 3, 504 1,962 695 2,793 341 $•- o g $ $ £-2 c3 § 5 C 2 ■§.§£■3.2 S d. .2 a g* o «•- ^‘E2S? 2 '3 .52 o§ qEo 255.2^ O 05 oQQfeO .5 .52 C >>60 § 3 '3 S3 OS u fl m m § sssis HIGHER EDUCATION 107 108 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 1, Sic « c 3 1 ^ •S u 4S I O -§ 3 u e -si s ^ II B £ C 1 i g,.S J4> "4 Other and UNCLASSIFIED 8,10)30(1 «5 •4* « w 29 1 5 11 ^4 CD 19 31 3 S(19)SBPV a c W5 N- 40 Tt4 40 N *— t 7 1 27 15 »o CO 40 40 CD CO • {BU01SS9J -oid isiij r» 8 »o 329 117 39 188 61 J 455 63 43 (M 40 1 - X i CD • D* Vet¬ eri¬ nary MEDI¬ CINE 5 IBU01SS9J -Old )siij cd eo CD CO I N- 05 00 rf4 x ’ CO ; Theology 8,10)00 (J cd CD CO *-4 CD CO 40 S(19)SBJV «*< M5 « ^ »0 CO 40 00 05 M 40 c i C. District of Columbia - Florida i.S ; bj ii 1 c c ;1 Illinois. _ _ Indiana ! r cc j J '/ : - 8 :u | : e i - :us I^nnisiana Maine c as ;■> ! a !§ Massachusetts ii LI :s Minnesota _ _ _ IVllSSISSippi... _ Missouri _ HIGHER EDUCATION 109 110 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 14. — Honorary degrees conferred , 1937-38 State or outlying part Q Q Q G G Q W G Litt. D. Q » CO Eng. D. Q T3 V Ph *3 w < fa n Q W a s G d d S. T. D. i •< CO s Other Total • 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ii 12 13 14 15 16 17 Continental United States. 334 571 62 142 136 40 15 10 14 23 10 8 55 11 69 1,500 Alabama _ 10 12 1 1 1 1 1 i 2 29 Arizona _ 2 1 3 Arkansas _ . 4 3 1 1 1 2 12 California _ _ 9 21 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 2 8 50 Colorado _ _ _ .. 1 5 1 1 3 1 3 1 13 Connecticut _ 4 6 1 3 3 1 17 1 4 1 37 Delaware _ _ 1 1 1 1 4 District of Columbia 14 1 1 1 1 3 1 19 Florida _ 3 8 3 4 2 6 1 21 Georgia... . . . 10 7 1 3 1 7 2 24 Idaho _ 1 3 2 3 1 6 Illinois _ _ _ . 28 14 a 6 a 2 3 1 06 Indiana.. . . 14 28 2 3 7 2 2 9 5 63 Iowa. . 13 17 i a 1 1 3 10 2 44 Kansas _ 12 9 1 6 1 .... 1 31 Kentucky _ . 3 4 2 1 10 Louisiana _ 23 .... 1 2 1 28 Maine _ 3 8 i 4 4 1 1 2 6 1 u 2 33 Maryland _ 7 9 2 1 1 20 Massachusetts 6 37 ii’ 9 8 5 1 1 8 12 6 92 Michigan.. . 10 18 3 5 3 1 3 4 4315 62 Minnesota _ 3 2 2 7 Mississippi. . 4 1 1 6 Missouri _ . 13 1 3 1 44 2 27 Montana _ 3 3 Nebraska _ . ... 12 11 3 2 1 1 1 31 Nevada . 1 1 New Hampshire ... 1 5 1 1 2 10 New Jersev _ 2 13 5 5 5 43 3 33 New Mexico 1 >a i 2 Newr York 10 51 13 23 ia 5 1 2 2 1 5 47 1 130 North Carolina 11 6 2 2 2 23 North Dakota 3 3 Ohio _ 31 55 8 7 13 3 1 3 5 1 4 is 4 135 Oklahoma. . 1 1 1 3 Oreeon _ 5 9 3 1 49 1 19 Pennsylvania _ 31 59 1 8 19 26 4 9 1 2 4 20 8 171 4 D. H. D. 2 Doctor of both (canon and civil) laws. 1; doctor of pharmacy, 1; master of foreign service, 1; bachelor of education, 5. 3 Master of letters. 4 Doctor of pharmacy. 5 Master of pedagogy. 6 Doctor of philanthropy. 7 Doctor of commercial science, 1; doctor of public service, 1. 8 Master of forest administration. 9 Master of physical education. 10 Master of nursinc, 1; doctor of business administration, 1. 11 Doctor of social science, 1; bachelor of music, 1. 12 Doctor of commercial science, 2; doctor of pharmacy, 1; doctor of art, 2; master of physical education, 1. 13 Doctor of arts in business administration, 1; juris doctor, 2; master of education, 7; master of science in home economics, 1; bachelor of science in nursing, 4. 14 Doctor of philosophy, 1; doctor of science in osteopathy, 1. 13 Doctor of science in business administration, 1; mechanical engineer, 1; master of fine arts, 1. 16 Bachelor of science. 17 Doctor of public health. 17 Doctor of Hebrew law, 1; doctor of religious education, 1; master of music, 2. 19 Doctor of commercial science. 20 Doctor of child pedagogy, 1; doctor of naval science, 1; doctor of aeronautical science, 1; doctor of phar¬ macy, 2; master of pharmacy, 3. HIGHER EDUCATION 111 Table 14. — Honorary degrees conferred , 1937-38 — Continued 17 Doctor of public health. 21 Doctor of library science. 112 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 Table 15. — Income , PART 1. - - State or outlying port Num- Receipts s specifically designated for addition to— General income 1 ber of insti- utions report¬ ing Physical plant Endow¬ ment funds Annuity funds Student- loan funds Other nonex¬ pendable funds Student fees 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States - - $1,586 $58, 263, 888 : $43,158,857 $2, 282, 043 $1, 227,473 $2,915,047 $178,996,228 25 299, 542 145, 102 .974 40,696 2, 086, 269 5 197, 179 345, 066 22 648, 988 3S.657 5, 555 837, 265 California _ ... - 93 4, 786, 105 3, 722, 589 154, 694 63,652 191, 674 9, 314, 345 17 810, 721 122, 398 13, 491 38, 655 1,969,238 Connecticut _ 24 2, 730, 745 2, 471, 882 2.500 24,522 188. 351 3, 786, 034 3 31,204 67 24, 905 445 122, 727 District of Columbia - 15 1, 485, 532 115, 764 100 4,275 70 2, 739, 940 12 352, 923 3, 567 1,353 2,519 197 1, 063, 310 45 913. 167 442, 442 83, 622 11,589 2, 407, 553 9 37. 761 321 321 266, 779 79 5, 273,311 4, 601, 066 385, 865 98, 184 212, 914 1,2, 063, 216 36 1,749, 238 321, 595 274, 325 20,914 1 12, 725 4, 638, 338 59 698, 947 473, 634 12.082 17, 835 16, 054 3, 325, 934 Kansas _ 39 607, 499 24, 925 21,800 13, 582 5, 140 2, 126, 578 Kentucky _ 29 543, 782 453, 527 3,300 2, 365 4,000 1,678,319 T.npisiann _ 21 2, 561, 644 301, 113 31, 126 2,000 1,585, 923 Maine _ _ 14 317, 146 323, 273 87,000 1,219 301 884, 522 Maryland _ _ — 24 687, 101 1, 032, 067 6,000 3,759 5, 080 2, 732, 452 Massachusetts _ 59 1, 701, 685 8, 654, 050 310, 129 64, 447 225, 018 14, 513, 668 Michigan _ _ _ - 67 1,226,681 1,330, 174 9, 827 40, 909 45, 653 4. 906, 926 Minnesota _ 33 2, 133, 685 1, 346, 464 38, 469 40, 077 3, 205, 691 ississippi 34 1, 068, 127 600 929, 524 Missouri. _ _ 55 1, 613, 253 326, 158 112,080 20, 326 13, 774 4, 184, 196 jVi ontana 10 101, 132 30, 105 2,015 368, 148 - _ 23 382, 150 3,634 10, 100 28,243 1, 156, 339 Nevada _ 1 11,381 29. 843 New Hampshire 6 75, 987 646, 876 4, 802 1, 520, 367 New Jersey _ 26 904,299 2, 481, 023 _ 87, 326 876, 828 3, 883, 505 New Mexico •7 327, 420 101, 066 220 258, 629 New York _ 100 3,417,994 3, 352, 188 404, 969 104, 530 295, 898 32, 275, 432 North Carolina _ — 51 2, 321, 778 371, 397 27, 655 22, 026 21,852 3, 955, 666 North Dakota _ 11 196, 540 53,000 36,000 374, 351 Ohio . - _ _ _ 58 1,219, 162 953, 583 69, 258 29, 329 186, 425 9, 705, 746 Oklahoma - - - 36 1, 647, 186 859, 127 55, 300 9, 763 18, 993 1, 224, 536 OrepoTi _ _ _ _ 18 260, 883 35, 919 12, 335 1,416, 425 Pennsylvania _ 85 5, 874, 91 1 1, 865, 181 29, 266 44, 697 '311,069 17, 188, 171 Rhode Island 6 281, 175 190, 819 50, 955 996, 953 South Carolina _ 30 2, 509, 649 20, 152 46, 255 5, 581 1,000 1,428, 762 South Dakota - _ _ _ _ _ 15 20, 482 1, 191 3.000 19, 854 632, 981 Tennessee - _ 43 977, 695 1,013, 824 52, 182 28, 728 3, 206, 834 Texas _ _ _ 86 i 1,477,082 3,724, 150 500 57, 547 24, 095 5, 976, 798 TTtnh _ 1(1 i 437, 447 1, 182 100 1,562 I 793,218 Vermont _ _ 10 l 41,346 107. 292 61 360 48, 004 1,058,988 Virginia - - 40 i 1, 223, 615 i 267, 772 62, 466 48,540 17, 864 3, 689, 376 Washington _ 19 l 1,161,992 : 414,447 7, 168 8, 035 i 1,671,933 "WoQt Virginia 18 1 58, 223 163, 062 38, 752 18, 000 i 955, 844 TV Cot v - - - Wisconsin.. _ _ 57 817, 143 ; 201, 767 1,812 10,840 7, 235 i 3, 407, 2S2 Wvnminfr _ 1 41,250 i 49. 265 1, 190 106, 288 Outlying parts of the United. States A loel'Q 1 75,000 i _ _ 2, 286 7, 967 ponnl 7otip ] 26, 767 1 216,055 i 20, 131 1,043 286,080 pV» llinniTio > 322, 479 X 1 1111^) J.J l LIU louUiUO - - - pUCrto Rico - _ > 449, 622 ! 79, 010 i 198 240, 156 1 Excludes receipts specifically designated for physical plant and nonexpendable fund. HIGHER EDUCATION 113 1937-38 TOTALS General income — Continued Endow¬ ment earnings Federal Govern¬ ment State govern¬ ment County, city, or district govern¬ ment Private gifts and grants Sales and services Miscella¬ neous and unidenti¬ fied income Total general income Auxiliary enterprises 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 $70,654, 211 $29, 344, 723 $140,959,123 $22,090, 702 $36, 908,257 $27,946, 942 $15,207,831 $522, 108, 017 $130, 523, 094 732, 830 938,212 2, 039, 653 311,691 370, 471 161, 636 102, 642 6, 743, 404 2, 067, 759 32, 501 293, 292 1, 381, 457 181, 960 6,143 33,803 29, 357 2, 303, 579 657, 851 77, 224 776, 138 1, 427, 349 8,500 165, 707 111,993 60, 159 3, 464, 335 839, 619 3, 085, 135 734, 671 11,576, 854 3, 732, 247 2, 003, 102 1, 157, 662 518, 049 32, 122, 065 8, 608, 253 198, 695 405, 810 2, 045, 582 27, 850 275, 856 547, 357 52, 732 5, 523, 120 1, 074, 711 4, 556, 993 276, 861 1, 251, 360 241, 961 1, 385, 243 99, 456 174, 210 11,772,118 3, 183, 218 26, 347 238, 582 332, 034 34, 036 26, 510 7,890 788, 126 147, 671 260. 663 844, 825 348, 624 684, 310 184, 769 66,504 5, 129, 635 1, 339, 524 96. 164 422, 789 2, 110, 130 80, 307 129,586 111,969 79, 326 4, 093, 581 1, 549, 785 1, 021, 297 849, 910 1, 404, 483 228, 837 629,903 261, 173 76, 952 6. 880. 108 2, 715, 605 205, 608 335, 793 1, 172, 147 51,537 64,234 61,766 3, 438 2, 161, 302 645,900 5, 445, 509 847,414 7, 086, 233 1, 342, 133 3, 477, 062 2, 094, 108 821,215 33,176,890 6, 195, 158 804, 890 675, 908 5, 290, 302 402, 538 1, 123, 498 813, 540 509, 370 14, 258, 384 5, 026, 134 545, 343 749, 281 4, 826, 570 56, 054 845, 964 1, 972, 908 182, 986 12, ‘505, 040 2, 344, 547 314, 947 617, 201 3, 232, 885 478, 539 550, 553 809, 164 69,839 8, 199, 706 1, 037, 018 496, 139 738, 359 1, 920, 709 285, 090 367, 682 420, 473 117, 440 6,024, 211 1, 295, 527 623, 814 668, 245 3,831,002 44, 198 778, 529 417, 052 181, 348 8, 130, 111 1, 594, 595 663, 155 345, 181 917,112 22, 350 150, 690 33, 760 63,581 3, 080, 351 721,685 1, 466, 336 393, 684 1, 132, 208 22, 852 1,111,522 718, 583 285, 406 7, 863, 043 1, 719, 942 9, 840, 076 351, 657 2, 232, 878 278, 274 2, 520, 018 621, 931 2, 130, 528 32, 489, 030 9, 279, 073 967, 890 734, 960 9, 161, 052 1, 194, 180 1. 049, 675 2, 955, 885 294, 615 21,265,183 2, 759, 608 907, 143 679, 943 6, 290, 238 389, 168 1, 224, 220 702, 586 447,883 13,846, 872 4, 347, 689 189 459 867, 958 877, 698 614,692 205. 213 172,913 66, 502 3, 923, 959 2, 155, 045 1,362, 449 827, 346 4, 112, 614 474, 152 773, 899 507, 764 1,427,511 13, 669, 931 2. 804, 409 147, 710 356, 380 798, 193 129, 870 125, 541 175, 797 9, 693 2, 111,332 717,243 156, 702 549, 505 2, 405, 968 251, 612 234, 665 421,292 16, 051 5, 192, 134 1, 225, 790 16, 977 235, 696 287, 488 20,563 1,621 6,167 598, 355 99,229 1, 385, 673 702, 974 270, 896 775, 433 10,000 215, 424 89, 578 124, 774 3, 709, 446 1, 827, 746 399, 349 2, 773, 227 66, 140 820, 739 21, 740 310, 263 10, 102, 709 2, 593, 746 119,000 316, 189 921, 268 90, 216 13, 415 48, 265 74, 716 1, 841, 698 452,314 16, 061, 643 815, 256 5, 938, 850 7, 603, 900 4, 511, 102 2, 675, 790 2, 872, 493 72. 754, 466 12, 054, 577 2, 049, 939 1, 069, 803 2, 161, 927 354, 814 470, 420 590,412 300, 863 10, 953, 844 5, 288, 825 146, 132 470, 724 1, 177, 798 5,095 20, 621 56,041 30,555 2, 281, 317 446, 466 3, 424, 383 710, 973 6, 051, 568 1, 151, 104 1, 952, 485 739, 652 598, 078 24, 333, 989 7,141,200 194, 151 768, 895 5, 722, 665 47, 441 228,003 265, 532 79, 148 8, 530, 371 1, 533, 569 220. 931 317, 029 2, 466, 268 100, 920 418. 627 152, 402 119,806 5, 272, 408 1, 120, 130 4, 340, 312 1, 003, 532 6, 340, 211 17, 363 2, 599, 090 2, 423, 489 1, 183, 713 35, 095, 881 8, 893, 208 727, 923 227, 368 521, 579 972 222, 139 82, 387 15, 368 2, 794, 689 521, 394 333, 042 695, 098 1, 529, 643 61,000 314, 905 138,560 128, 283 4. 629, 293 2, 260, 351 179, 563 453, 035 884, 368 116, 420 110, 529 29,640 2, 406, 536 371, 277 1. 649, 964 858,666 1, 254, 746 140, 025 969, 249 532, 627 189, 820 8, 801, 931 1,994, 547 1, 363, 939 1,547, 957 7,815, 404 810, 579 1, 103,222 1, 629. 946 487, 147 20, 734. 992 6, 764, 533 39, 198 320, 405 1,217,120 53, 272 431, 204 116.962 75, 697 3, 047, 076 464, 633 262, 810 296,722 290. 905 6,200 197, 739 68, 220 120, 914 2, 302, 498 718, 796 1, 646, 995 1, 085, 191 1, 988, 314 168, 274 543, 302 460, 862 373,688 9, 956, 002 5, 059. 713 319, 748 417, 880 3, 707, 669 98, 258 273. 613 255, 961 91, 751 6, 836, 813 1,331,941 126, 745 532,308 1, 958, 188 32,293 33, 770 97, 689 96, 917 3, 833, 754 1, 102, 784 542, 093 132, 984 675, 001 276, 845 5, 900, 786 416, 987 73,620 1, 144, 883 1,752,029 40, 798 65, 742 37,061 13, .561, 436 1, 010, 963 2, 702, 247 168, 582 60 93. 095 2, 956 249, 535 92,050 15,502 15, 449 3,224 227, 347 29, 723 1, 026, 889 833, 668 62,994 641 1,044 417, 432 498, 581 35, 033 27, 746 3,948 26,641 10, 422 7,616 157, 750 26,238 35, 524 1 216, 426 1,000, 364 58,293 15,908 1, 593, 312 108. 098 114 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 15. — Income , PART 2. - PUBLICLY State or outlying port Num¬ ber of insti¬ tutions report¬ ing Receipts specifically designated for addition to— Physical plant Endow¬ ment funds Annuity funds Student- loan funds Other nonex¬ pendable funds 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States.. 586 $39,511,416 $6,829, 223 $435,277 $612,981 $284, 274 Alabama . . . 10 49, 233 150 32, 616 Arizona . . 5 197, 179 12 636, 488 5, 469 California . . . 47 3, 376, 134 519, 525 10, 301 45, 183 146, 617 Colorado . . . . . 10 810, 721 27, 637 13, 491 36, 765 Connecticut _ _ 6 2, 507, 056 3, 751 1, 151 Delaware _ 2 31,204 67 24, 905 445 District of Columbia _ 2 170, 504 Florida. . . . . 4 338, 879 3, 002 1,353 107 Georgia _ 17 654, 161 47, 104 72, 910 Idaho. _ _ _ 5 33, 222 89 Illinois. _ _ _ 16 1, 878, 634 227, 147 31,286 Indiana _ _ _ 6 1, 323, 782 8, 242 262, 530 7, 909 59, 179 Iowa. 26 323, 950 221, 438 6, 143 5,951 Kansas _ . 17 530, 865 7 10, 473 1,300 Kentucky _ . 8 451, 182 36, 817 330 Louisiana. . . . . . 8 2, 506, 907 31, 126 2,000 Maine _ _ 7 3,043 6, 025 452 25 Maryland _ 8 615, 1661 5,015 150 Massachusetts _ 14 205,700 17 Michigan... _ _ _ 44 1, 122, 501 1, 275, 371 38,588 Minnesota _ _ _ 14 1,308, 150 873, 000 34, 469 31,731 Mississippi _ 17 1,060, 988 50 Missouri _ 17 1, 276, 347 45, 433 289 6, 661 Montana _ 6 92, 843 105 2,015 Nebraska _ _ 8 371, 228 26, 759 Nevada _ _ _ 1 11,381 New Hampshire _ _ _ 3 9,000 3,226 4,414 New Jersey _ 9 83, 740 16, 424 New Mexico _ 7 327, 420 101, 066 220 New York _ 15 2. 037, 740 60, 240 25, 224 4,814 North Carolina _ 13 1, 929, 908 20,500 15, 421 North Dakota _ 9 196, 540 36,000 Ohio g 645, 331 1 365, 229 3, 552 1 157 Oklahoma _ _ 27 1, 626, 670 34, 930 5,083 2, 193 Oregon _ 5 247, 243 1,404 10, 278 Pennsylvania _ _ _ 15 3, 665, 255 11,767 7, 255 Rhode Island _ _ 2 39, 242 South Carolina.. _ 7 2, 410, 266 496 2,581 South Dakota _ 20, 000 Tennessee _ 7 120, 517 Texas _ 38 1, 318, 257 2, 278, 110 44, 211 14, 441 Utah _ _ 6 436, 947 1, 182 100 1.562 Vermont _ _ 4 70, 365 61, 360 46, 752 Virginia _ 10 974, 149 98, 843 1,355 36,849 1,978 Washington _ 7 1, 107, 836 402, 219 6, 896 8, 000 West Virginia. . _ 10 52, 500 500 5, 935 Wisconsin _ ... 39 334, 157 41,945 4, 552 Wyoming _ ... _ 1 41, 250 49, 265 1. 190 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ 1 75, 000 2,286 Canal Zone. 1 Hawaii _ 1 216, 055 20, 131 1,043 Philippine Islands _ . 1 Puerto Rico _ 1 444, 122 79, 010 48 1 General income Student fees $48,961,517 1, 240, 775 345,066 579, 015 2, 814, 016 1, 174, 087 107, 186 121, 563 24, 313 334,921 1, 116, 292 151,599 1, 532, 544 1, 547, 199 1, 593, 356 1, 376, 702 1, 094, 139 507, 955 337, 017 920, 775 398, 833 3, 236, 902. 1,725,205 509, 100 j 1,074, 842 i 267, 470; 736,514| 29,843 325, 286 571, 260| 258, 629i 1,108, 3261 1,375,264 300, 251 3, 277, 579 736, 154 743, 467 1 1,949, 004 1 77,637 711,783! 343, 825 848, 502? 3, 048, 449 613, 962 368, 437 1, 908, 055 1, 099, 833 626, 230 1, 666, 067 106, 288 26, 767 198, 678 229, 678 HIGHER EDUCATION 115 1937-38 — Continued CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS General income— Continued Endow¬ ment earnings Federal Govern¬ ment State govern¬ ment County, city, or district govern¬ ment Private gifts and grants Sales and services Miscella¬ neous and unidenti¬ fied income Total general income Auxiliary enterprises 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 i; $5,931,479 $27, 202, 464 $133,448,299 $21,894, 104 $4,535,238 $16,941,325 $5,321,792 $262, 236, 218! $51,009, 143 253,787 938, 212 2,011,925 311,691 28,200 37, 695 80, 120 4. 902, 405 1, 168, 588 32,501 293, 292 1,381,457 181,960 6, 143 33, 803 29, 357 2, 303, 579 657,851 6, 633 776, 138 1, 427, 349 8,500 35,238 94, 676 9,802 2, 937, 351 512,003 799,110 695, 291 11, 569, 555 3, 718, 093 519, 400 942, 387 319, 193 21,377,045 2, 555, 306 21,599 405, 405 2, 045, 582 27, 850 37, 195 544, 109 21, 122 4, 276, 949 716, 790 7, 037 276, 861 1, 251, 360 241, 961 7.592 96, 176 10, 765 1,998, 938 454, 85S 26, 347 238, 582 332,034 313, 124 22,841 26, 510 7, 890 775, 767 337,437 3, 065, 082 147, 141 7 466 17,069 422, 789 2, 110, 130 22. 345 700 110, 719 46, 409 960,016 68, 714 844, 995 1,393, 112 217, 337 97, 741 77, 942 12, 702 3. 828, 83 5 j 1,377, 197 181, 556 335, 793 1, 172, 147 51,537 3, 195 61,154 2, 108 1,959,089 595, 634 38, 322 847, 414 7, 086, 233 1, 342, 133 278, 293 325, 926 32, 508 1 1, 483, 373 759,919 82, 765 675, 908 5, 290, 302 394, 569 404, 052 754, 413 346, 069 9, 495, 277 2.010.045 59, 677 749, 281 4, 826, 570 56. 054 171,601 1,947,820 106. 526 9, 510, 885 1, 375, 695 40, 525 617, 201 3, 232, 885 478, 539 2,000 799, 345 5, 949 6, 553, 146 521. 197 39, 627 738, 359 1, 920, 709 285,090 17, 086 294, 385 32. 041 4, 421,436 590, 431 14, 555 668, 245 3, 831, 002 44, 198 28, 181 374, 898 31,968 5,501,002 1.299,017 42, 211 345, 181 917, 112 871.961 22, 350 9, 938 30, 011 44, 242 1,748,062 435, 640 21, 102 393.684 21, 252 29, 050 624, 521 71, 825 2. 954, 170 494, 210 19, 174 334, 990 2, 232, 878 278, 274 9, 305 128, 9S2 4,909 3,407, 345 522, 013 663, 920 732, 072 9, 161, 052 1,194, 180 389, 168 381, 259 2, 928,093 245, 999 18. 543, 477 1, S12, 312 559, 809 69. 587 679, 943 6, 290. 238 487, 106 649,908; 387, 014 11, 168,391 2. 703, 375 867, 958 877. 698 614, 692 59, 546 167, 565 44, 346 3, 210, 492 1.641.866 76, 016 827, 346 4, 112.614 474, 152 29; 196 199, 224 19,913 6. 813, 303 424, 466 120,815 356, 380 798, 193 129, 870 127, 757 17 1, 800, 502 623. 059 51, 345 549, 505 2, 405, 958 251, 612 9,987 413, 830 6, 166 4, 424, 927 841.634 16, 977 235, 696 287, 488 20,563 1,621 6. 167 598, 355 99, 229 44, 871 15, 802 270, 896 775, 433 1, 124. 322 921, 268 2, 955. 726 2,159,302 10,000 66,000 10, 978 26, 425 13,415 2, 219 84,458 38. 806 1. 588 1, 560, 728 1,805,397 1,841,698 ! 13,410.979 381,723 284. 800 119,000 316, 189 90, 216 7, 603, 900 354, 814 48, 265 9, 235 51,509 74. 716 1,731,573 452, 314 258. 569 2, 933. 621 100, 498 1,069, 803 69. 836 154, 892 I 5,335,918 111,869 470, 724 1, 177, 798 5,095 4, 475 56,041 28, 069 2, 154, 322 439, 208 475, 315 710,973 5, 794, 843 1, 151, 104 458, 272 631, 151 340, 814 12, 840, 051 3. 465. 879 94,613 768,895 5, 722, 665 9,441 7,652 262, 877 53, 630 7, 655, 927 1,256, 400 20, 559 377, 029 2, 466, 268 100. 920 150. 677 115,902 113,267 4, 088, 089 789, 905 26, 520 2, 366 984, 958 227, 368 695, 098 453, 035 4, 099, 016 485. 375 17, 363 153, 747 496, 220 45, 627 6, 189 7, 733, 017 838, 373 1,711,652 161, 114 78, 383 109, 197 1, 528, 363 884, 368 61,000 4,563 133,708 110,529 78, 854 438 3, 291, 752 1,901,392 1,335, 881 210, 173 22,937 858,666 1,254, 575 136, 725 4, 611 231, 873 49, 010 3, 406, 899 496, 514 312,910 1,547, 957 7, 815, 404 810, 579 223, 180 558. 068 384. 525 14,701,072 4. 194, 246 29,111 320, 405 1,217. 120 268, 955 53, 272 10, 061 100, 755 64,937 2, 415, 623 419,401 98,229 296, 722 6,200 128. 278 58, 295 10, 462 1, 235, 578 206. 607 533, 853 1, 085, 191 1,988,314 142, 923 218, 194 451, 568 139,983 6, 468, 081 2, 872, 656 205, 421 417, 880 3, 707, 669 98, 258 3, 157 82, 519 83. 369 5, 698, 106 925, 475 6,382 532, 308 1,946, 188 32, 293 4,300 63, 523 524 3,211.748 872, 170 59. 879 132. 984 675, 001 276, 845 5, 900, 786 416,987 73, 470 345, 790 1,508, 934 40, 798 3, 958 37, 061 10. 233, 885 1,010,963 1,835, 295 168. 5S2 60 | 93. 095 2.956 92, 050 - 15, 502 15, 449 3. 224 227, 347 29, 723 62, 994 641 1,044 249, 535 417, 432 1.000, 364 35, 033 27. 746 3,948 10, 422 7.616 1. 026. 889 709, 362 157, 750 14. 720 22, 516 216, 426 1,000, 364 31. 193 18, 455 15, 908 1, 534, 540 86. 405 116 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 15. — Income , PART 3. - PRIVATELY State or outlying port Num¬ ber of insti¬ tutions report¬ ing Receipts specifically designated for addition to — General income Physical plant Endow¬ ment funds Annuity funds Student- lean funds Other nonex¬ pendable funds Student fees * 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Continental United States _ 1, 000 $18, 752,472 $36,329,634 $1,846, 766 $614, 492$ 2, 630, 773$ 132,034,711 15 250, 309 145, 102 824 8, 0S0 845, 494 Arkansas _ _ _ 10 12,500 38, 657 86 25s| 250 California . . 46 1,409, 971 3, 203, 064 144,393 18, 469 45,057 6, 500, 329 7 94, 761 1,890 795, 151 Connecticut _ 18 223,689 2, 468, 131 2,500 23,371 188, 351 3, 678| 848 Delaware _ 1 1, 164 District of Columbia _ 13 1,315, 028 115, 764 100 4,275 70 2, 715, 627 Florida - - _ 8 14, 044 565 2,412 197 728, 389 28 259, 006 395, 338 10, 712 11,589 1,299! 261 4 4,539 321 232 115, 180 Illinois . . . . . 63 3,394,677 4,373,919 385, 865 66,898 212,914 10, 530, 672 Indiana _ 30 425, 456 313, 353 11,795 13, 005 53, 546 3,091,139 Iowa _ _ _ 33 374, 997 252, 196 12,082 11,692 10, 103 1, 732, 578 Kansas _ . - 22 76, 634 24, 918 21,800 3, 109 3,840 749, 876 Kentucky.. - - 21 92,600 416, 710 3,300 2,035 4,000 584, 180 Louisiana _ _ 13 54, 737 301,113 1,077, 968 Maine _ 7 314, 103 317,248 87,000 767 276 547, 505 Maryland _ 16 71,935 1,027,052 6,000 3,609 5,080 1,811,677 Massachusetts - - - 45 1, 495, 985 8, 6.54, 033 310, 129 64,447 225, 018 14,114,835 Michigan _ _ 23 104, 180 54. 803 9, 827 2,321 45, 653 1,670,024 Minnesota . . _ 19 825, 535 473, 464 4,000 8, 346 1,480, 486 Mississippi _ _ 17 7,139 550 420, 424 Missouri. . . . . 38 336,906 280, 725 111,791 13, 665 13, 774 3, 109, 354 Montana _ _ - 4 8,289 30,000 100, 678 Nebraska . . _ 15 10, 922 3, 634 10, 100 1, 484 419, 825 New Hampshire . . _ 3 66,987 643, 650 388 1, 195,081 New Jersey. . _ 17 820, 559 2, 481,023 70, 902 876, 828 3, 312, 245 New York _ . _ 85 1, 380, 254 3, 291,948 379, 745 99,716 295,893 31, 167, 106 North Carolina _ _ 38 391,870 350, 897 27, 655 6, 605 21,852 2, 580, 402 North Dakota 2 53,000 74, 100 Ohio _ 50 573, 831 588, 354 69, 258 25, 777 185, 268 6, 428, 167 Oklahoma _ 9 20, 516 824, 197 55,300 4,680 16,800 488, 382 Oregon 13 13, 640 34, 515 2, 057 672, 958 Pennsylvania _ _ 70 2, 209, 656 1,865,181 29, 266 32, 930 303, 814 15, 239, 167 Rhode Island . _ . 4 241,933 190, 819 50, 955 919, 316 South Carolina _ 23 99, 383 19, 666 46, 255 3,000 1,000 716,979 South Dakota _ _ 8 482 1,191 3,000 19, 854 289, 156 Tennessee _ 36 857, 178 1.C13, 824 52, 182 28. 728 2. 358, 332 Texas _ 48 158.825 1,446, 040 500 13,336 ” _9,’ 654 2, 928, 349 Utah. _ 4 500 179, 256 Vermont 6 41,346 36, 927 1,252 690, 551 Virginia _ _ 30 249, 466 168, 929 61,111 11,691 It, 886 1,781,321 Washington . _ 12 54, 156 12,228 272 35 572. 100 West Virginia . _ 8 5, 723 162, 562 32, 817 18,000 329, 614 Wisconsin _ _ _ ... 18 482, 986 159, 822 1,812 6,288 7,235 1,741,215 Outlying parts of the United States Philippine Islands 1 124, 306 Puerto Rico 1 5,500 150 10. 478 HIGHER EDUCATION 117 1937-38 — Continued CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS General income— Continued Endow¬ ment earnings $64,722,732 Federal Govern¬ ment State govern¬ ment $2, 14?, 259 $7,510, 824 County, city, or district govern¬ ment $196, 598 $32, 373, 019 Private gifts and grants 479, 043 70. 591 2, 286, 025 177,1 4, 549, 956 79, 095 952. 583 24, 052 5. 407, 187 722,125 485, 666 274, 422 456, 512 609,259 620,944 1, 445, 234 9, 820, 902 303, 970 347,334 119, 872 1, 286, 433 26. 895 105, 357 658, 103 1,811,944 16.061.643 1,949,441 34,263 2, 949, 068 99,538 200, 372 4, 313, 792 725,55: 254, 659 70, 366 1,627, 027 1,051,029 10. 087 164, 581 1, 113, 142 114, 327 120, .363 482, 214 27, 728 39,380 405 844,825 4, 915 11,371 260,247 2,888 399, 349 815,256 1.648,905 2, 983,124 2, 625 256,725 18, 574 2,241,195 36,204 1,280 12,000 14, 154 35.500 57, 962 11.500 1,600 38,000 972 25, 351 1.50 342, 271 130, 469 1,483,702 238, 661 1,377, 651 11, 195 684, 310 128,886 532, 162 61,039 3, 198, 769 719, 446 674, 363 548,553 350, 596 750,348 140, 752 1, 082, 472 2. 510, 713 668,416 737, 114 145, 66 744, 703 125, 541 224, 678 204, 446 794, 314 4, 508, 883 400,-584 16, 146 1, 494, 213 220, 351 267, 950 2, 445, 343 222, 139 310, 342 116, 420 964,638 880, 042 421, 143 69, 461 325, 108 270, 456 29, 470 13,008 27, 100 Sales and services 14 $11, 005, 617 123,941 17, 317 215, 275 3,248 3,280 Miscella¬ neous and unidenti¬ fied income 15 22, 522 50, 357 198,856 31,610 163, 445 Total general income 16 1,840,999 526, 984 10, 745, 020 1,246,171 9, 773, 180 Auxiliary enterprises 17 $79, 513, 951 899, 171 327, 616 6, 052, 947 357, 921 2, 728, 360 $9, 886, 039 $259, 871, 799 184, 769 1,250 183,231 612 1, 768, 182 59, 127 25,088 9, 819 126,088 42, 154 3,749 94, 062 492, 949 27,792 52, 678 5, 348 308,540 48,040 7,462 5,120 21,740 2, 666, 555 538,903 108, 501 2,655 36,500 1, 927, 269 36,760 4,852 300, 754 1,071,878 10, 207 9, 925 9.294 173, 442 34,166 243, 095 66,504 32, 917 64,250 1,330 788, 707 163, 301 76,460 63,890 85, 399 149,380 19, 339 213, 581 2, 125, 619 48, 616 60,869 22,156 1,407,598 9, 676 9,885 85,968 308, 675 1, 140, 920 145, 971 2. 4861 257, 264 25, 518 6, 539 1,177, 524 15, 368 49, 429 29, 202 140. 810 102, 622 10,760 110, 452 12, 359 4, 792, 198 I, 028, 499 3, 051, 273 202, 213 21, 693, 517 4, 763, 107 2, 994,155 1,646,560 1,602, 775 2, 629, 109 1, 332, 289 4, 908, 873 29,081,685 2, 721, 706 2, 678. 481 713. 467 6, 856, 628 310.830 767, 207 2, 148, 718 8, 297, 312 59, 343, 487 5, 617, 926 126, 995 II, 493,938 874, 444 1,184,319 27, 362, 864 1, 956, 316 1,337, 541 505, 144 5, 395, 032 6, 033, 920 631,463 1,066,920 3, 487, 921 1, 138, 707 622.006 1,332, 058 589, 769 I, 338,408 50,266 5, 435, 239 3,016,089 968,852 515, 821 705,0% 295, 578 286,045 1,225, 732 8, 757, 060 947,2% 1, 644, 314 513, 179 2,379,943 94, 184 384, 156 1,003, 950 2, 308, 946 II, 7%, 008 2, 355, 204 7,258 3, 675, 321 277, 169 330, 225 7,151,556 360,280 924, 470 161, 104 1,498,033 2, 570, 287 45, 232 512, 189 2, 187, 057 4%, 466 230, 614 866, 952 124,306 58, 772 11, 516 21, 693 233, (05 8, 382 61,784 3. 327. 551 118 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 16. — Expenditures , PART 1. - Educational and general State or outlying part Num¬ ber of insti¬ tutions Adminis¬ tration Resident instruction and nonbudgeted research Organized research separately budgeted > report¬ ing and gen¬ eral con¬ trol Colleges, schools, and depart¬ ments Related activities Extension ■ 2 9 4 5 6 7 Continental United States. _ 1,586 $56, 405, 850 $253, 006, 388 $24,031, 154 $25,212,977 $34, 189, 063 Alabama _ _ 25 648, 419 2, 660, 507 187, 482 422, 572 1, 287, 503 Arizona _ 5 223, 194 916, 545 9,939 246, 123 201, 509 Arkansas _ 22 331, 619 1, 215, 431 31,996 240, 140 835, 195 California _ _ . 93 3, 227, 370 16,513, 673 986, 801 2, 176, 249 1,126,985 Colorado _ _ _ 17 551. 825 2, 872, 335 648, 078 263, 268 364, 090 Connecticut _ 24 917, 019 6, 265, 920 80,638 625, 559 252, 505 3 66, 622 634, 009 297, 676 2, 560, 842 1, 703, 033 133, 175 20. 254 114, 178 District of Columbia _ 15 210, 118 85, 795 Florida _ 12 467, 106 469, 762 428, 357 Georgia _ 45 983, 717 3, 383, 771 307, 889 81, 624 922, 392 Idaho _ 9 191,446 932, 193 9, 358 154, 121 271, 098 Illinois _ 79 4, 194, 042 16, 677, 332 1, 482, 294 2, 267, 444 807, 121 Indiana _ 36 1, 723, 555 5, 703, 450 1, 174, 036 864, 471 1, 212, 184 Iowa _ _ 59 1, 132, 109 5, 655, 096 1, 631, 697 558, 367 925, 884 Kansas _ 39 695, 274 4, 367, 487 182,284 305, 590 603, 462 Kentucky _ ... _ 29 593, 377 2, 805, 528 370, 016 250, 853 792. 887 Louisiana _ 21 674. 809 4, 186. 663 45, 749 242, 887 791, 471 Maine. _ . 14 302, 205 1, 476, 003 39, 852 203, 147 207. 649 Maryland _ ... _ 24 977, 904 3, 959, 415 640, 638 184. 831 485. 280 Massachusetts _ _ _ 59 3,281,671 16, 433, 648 935, 388 2, 116, 642 305, 805 Michigan _ 67 1,931,167 10. 677, 819 2, 767, 814 705, 119 844, 268 Minnesota _ 33 1, 117, 568 5, 676, 803 577, 594 1, 180,549 833, 090 Mississippi _ 34 431, 621 1, 539. 420 35, 997 283, 045 960, 788 Missouri _ 55 1,731,870 5, 789, 110 340. 808 541, 054 969, 333 Montana _ 10 187, 489 793, 737 102, 992 224, 613 364, 741 Nebraska _ 23 429, 979 2, 518, 558 289, 716 341,093 556, 035 Nevada _ 1 48, 172 222, 463 100, 962 80, 449 New Hampshire . . . 6 514,013 1, 812, 077 1, 423 194, 875 166, 678 New Jersey _ _ 26 1, 426, 739 4. 740, 361 1,337 760, 149 650, 102 New Mexico _ 7 191, 167 794, 861 8, 978 122, 887 290, 416 New York _ .. 100 8, 329, 321 38, 134, 059 2,041,592 1, 262, 621 3, 017. 371 North Carolina _ 51 1,343,811 5, 598, 795 787, 657 335, 826 1,311.280 North Dakota _ _ _ _ _ 11 207, 403 1.011,913 18.984 196, 167 287. 136 Ohio _ 58 3, 336. 010 13, 777, 977 353, 805 627, 593 1, 196, 462 Oklahoma _ 36 773, 121 3, 673, 976 650, 575 357, 375 964,281 Oregon _ _ .. 18 495, 097 2. 580, 667 112,444 443. 598 510, 871 Pennsylvania _ 86 3, 849. 607 17, 128,693 2, 363, 991 1,431,373 1,415.418 Rhode Island _ 6 259,014 1. 380, 485 88, 990 111,846 75, 559 South Carolina _ _ 30 552,911 1,824,766 38, 225 264, 403 698, 817 South Dakota _ _ 15 274, 726 1, 140, 948 3,146 171, 374 358, 427 TenriOssee _ _ 43 1,033, 348 3, 817, 004 696, 889 242, 360 776, 248 Texas _ _ _ 86 2, 159. 255 9. 058. 555 1, 314, 675 1,084, 443 2, 210, 658 Utah _ 10 323, 863 1,482.009 91,164 191,722 250, 553 Vermont. _ _ _ ... 10 322, 681 1.067, 380 35, 446 138, 646 170,088 838, 170 Virginia _ . . . 40 1. 078, 472 4, 723, 843 3, 144, 200 390, 988 196. 566 307, 514 470. 469 Washington _ _ _ 19 690. 197 417. 266 West Virginia _ 18 331.203 1.766, 991 113,037 202, 522 545. 359 Wisconsin _ 57 1,123, 977 6, 168, 435 1, 524, 181 944, 517 1, 337, 504 Wyoming _ _ _ 1 94. 756 373, 935 22, 092 147, 183 155, 540 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ Canal Zone _ _ 1 1 24. 003 2.872 80. 490 23, 1 18 413. 020 436, 586 602, 003 111 53, 524 30, 799 1 Hawaii _ _ Philippine Islands . . . 1 2 89, 577 68. 272 58, 650 110, 934 741 169,694 Puerto Rico _ _ _ 2 136, 875 55, 466 305, 406 261, 545 HIGHER EDUCATION 119 1937-38 TOTALS Educational and general Capital outlay Libraries Physical plant oper¬ ation and mainte¬ nance Unitem¬ ized ex¬ pendi¬ tures Total (in¬ cluding unitem¬ ized ex¬ penditures) Auxiliary enterprises Noncdu- cational expend¬ itures Buildings and grounds Equip¬ ment Total 3 9 16 11 12 13 14 15 13 $17,588,240 $62, 737, 655 $2, 020,311 $475, 191, 638 $115,619, 721 $23, 573, 786 $58, 523, 210 $11,942,452 $70,465, 662 189, 572 74, 444 543,012 368, 593 — 5, 939, 067 2, 040, 347 2, 019, 597 611,371 191,656 72, 666 474, 159 394, 910 118,530 99, 959 592, 689 494, S69 114, 928 361,711 31, 164 3, 162, 184 710, 494 130, 025 181,939 89. 904 271. 843 1,327. 229 3, 486, 150 615, 957 70, 139 28,914,596 8, 130, 763 805, 445 4, 955, 463 2, 105, 797 7, 061,260 177, 073 5, 492, 626 959, 953 163,010 863, 509 46, 532 910, 041 640, 547 1, 698, 488 10, 480, 676 2, 533, 635 905, 358 404, 126 153. 556 557. 682 15, 409 129,682 756, 742 135, 104 21, 303 166, 076 6.491 172.567 144, 121 649, 220 4, 218, 564 970, 142 348, 266 1, 200, 388 84, 019 1,284. 407 126, 219 310, 400 3, 590, 672 1,436,314 135, 876 381,947 195, 091 577, 038 231,890 791, 561 6, 705, 844 2, 464, 223 245, 550 1, 191,584 142, 341 1, 333. 925 40, 883 337, 077 1, 936, 176 551,026 46, 668 130, 181 57, 698 187, 879 1, 309, 604 4. 109, 683 126, 802 30, 974, 322 5, 672, 444 1,735,510 4, 739, 015 700, 691 5, 439, 706 334, 729 1,377, 456 12, 389,881 3, 903, 705 548, 298 2, 832, 595 491, 837 3, 324, 432 445, 984 1, 584, 525 11,933, 662 1,983,538 486, 059 918, 805 133, 339 1,052, 144 260, 789 897, 057 7,311,943 948,812 252, 057 699, 266 231, 255 930, 521 191, 6i5 736, 973 5,741,249 1, 236, 135 222,175 247, 992 102,037 350, 029 290, 851 881,812 7, 114,242 1,750, 574 413,279 2, 943, 545 80, 174 3,023.719 92, 140 469, 605 2, 790, 601 717, 826 147, 332 136, 218 5,046 141,264 234, 371 867,113 _ 7, 349, 552 1, 345, 647 397, 986 203, 340 118,888 322, 228 1, 374, 888 4, 211,490 28, 659, 532 7, 804, 076 3, 033, 626 4, 372, 692 69, 344 4, 442, 036 678, 745 2, 425, 719 20, 030, 651 2, 597, 235 350,444 1,809, 157 419,626 2, 228. 783 409, 165 1, 549,209 11.344,578 3, 934, 376 446, 516 2, 625, 692 434, 695 3. 060, 387 90,510 527, 565 3, 868, 946 1,811,592 1 18, 626 1,090,587 144, 060 1, 234, 647 403, 991 1, 505, 124 1, 305, 921 12,587, 211 1,900, 585 262, 625 1, 151, 132 387, 457 1,538,589 63, 932 243, 892 1,981,396 649, 276 69,414 264, 678 63, 654 328, 332 172, 275 659, 376 4, 967, 032 1, 125, 452 188, 823 1, 032, 797 111,291 1, 144,088 9,213 43, 061 504, 320 151,076 6, 358 38, 184 2,910 41.094 193, 756 424, 027 3, 306, 849 1.251,900 120, 507 573, 500 46, 915 620,415 459, 182 1,510, 382 _ 9, 548. 252 2, 235, 648 658,811 444, 735 159, 527 604. 262 46, 197 182, 795 1,637,301 367, 400 81, 856 379, 360 65, 091 444, 451 2,215, 097 8, 626. 630 63, 626, 691 11,265,632 4, 360, 364 3, 421,666 3, 471, 532 825, 840 4, 297, 372 423, 179 1,506, 051 _ 11,306,599 179, 870 2,362,912 449,449 2, 812, 361 45, 741 434, 284 2,201.628 395, 620 3, 101 180, 698 24, 938 205, 636 834, 864 3, 118, 878 _ 23, 245, 589 6, 818, 480 1,204,635 1, 387, 280 283, 235 1,670,515 242, 589 936, 228 7, 598, 145 1,419, 945 151,646 842, 707 470, 169 1,312, 876 217, 207 627, 028 4,986,912 963, 280 188, 337 341,618 174,664 516,282 843, 479 4, 361, 607 _ 31,394, 168 7. 856,717 2, 337,013 4, 200, 159 537, 345 4, 737, 504 152, 956 450, 934 2, 519, 784 536, 793 207. 294 1,017,226 42. 195 1,059, 421 120,807 773, 314 4, 273, 243 2, 008, 848 163, 350 1, 473, 432 196, 595 1,670. 027 70, 675 406, 314 2, 425, 610 339. 339 47, 055 14, 297 48. 606 62, 903 29i, 396 949. 482 414, 180 8, 220, 907 1,800,800 335, 270 1, 118,681 218, 289 1,336,970 646, 738 1,938, 253 72, 105 18, 484, 682 5, 784, 855 934. 327 2, 066, .580 613, 438 2, 680,018 95, 720 341,609 2, 776, 640 408, 492 30, 914 244, 873 161,238 406,111 63, 690 267, 226 2, 065, 157 617, 824 202, 287 120,528 29, 321 149, 849 354, 978 1,470, 549 9, 164, 514 4, 159, 387 865, 433 976, 857 282, 580 1,259, 437 324, 617 1,048,500 6,291,815 1, 248,031 158, 498 966, 001 176,173 1, 142, 174 107,411 412, 140 3, 478, 663 933, 335 126, 571 386, 304 172, 688 558. 992 365, 482 1,483, 315 _ ....... 12, 947,411 2, 563, 616 401,294 418, 219 351,020 769, 239 27, 362 83, 598 904, 466 228, 444 9. 100 85, 734 16, 914 102. 645 1,295 410 32,458 1, 131 222, 680 27, 531 49, 186 510 96. 326 2, 192 8, 730 105. 056 2. 192 46, 975 14, 257 49,274 21,491 938, 124 541,347 138, 666 34,011 4.348 _ | 130, 926 5, 750 136, 676 33, 592 113, 661 1,508,548 92. 699 15.913' i 470, 726 50.806 521.332 120 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 16. — Expenditures , PART 2. - PUBLICLY Educational and general State or outlying part Num¬ ber of insti¬ tutions report¬ ing Adminis¬ tration and gen¬ eral con¬ trol Resident instruction and nonbudgeted research Organized research separately budgeted Extension Colleges, schools, and depart¬ ments Related activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States,. 586 $19, 535, 504 $120,462, 164 $13, 749, 127 $17, 961,381 $30, $86, 654 Alabama _ _ 10 309, 461 1, 830, 700 40, 910 407, 849 1. 253, 409 Arizona. .. . . . . .. ... 5 223, 194 916, 545 9, 939 246, 123 201, 509 Arkansas _ _ _ 12 216, 445 983, 932 17, 446 240,140 835, 195 California _ . _ _ 47 1,722,540 9, 972, 895 975, 774 1, 893, 579 1, 126, 652 Colorado _ 10 327,023 2, 189, 322 642, 613 254, 808 360,650 Connecticut . . . . 6 123, 851 875, 807 80,000 113, 337 250, 075 Delaware _ 2 62, 277 290, 876 133, 175 112, 978 District of Columbia _ _ 2 20, 202 254, 125 Florida _ 4 226, 906 1,227,891 78, 091 469, 762 428, 357 Georgia _ _ ... ... 17 362, 798 1, 822, 860 116, 805 78, 141 922, 392 Idaho _ 5 152, 388 824, 851 154, 121 270, 826 Illinois _ _ ... . 16 816, 654 6, 263, 279 71, 979 1,020, 716 580, 370 Indiana _ _ 6 815, 104 3, 381, 157 1, 147, 171 852, 211 951, 822 Iowa _ _ . . . _ 26 547, 177 4, 149, 074 1,626,714 558, 321 919, 453 Kansas _ _ _ _ 17 379, 718 3, 487, 063 176, 587 304, 664 603, 259 Kentucky.. _ 8 356, 427 2, 100, 745 254, 293 250, 425 784, 585 Louisiana _ 8 343, 289 2, 571,414 45, 531 242, 887 791, 471 Maine _ _ 7 143, 083 749, 074 31, 932 202, 187 207, 649 Maryland _ 8 181, 779 1, 124, 667 639, 103 182, 845 332, 883 Massachusetts _ 14 229, 210 1,530, 192 27,811 318, 819 253, 111 Michigan _ 44 1,410. 105 9, 174, 841 2, 694, 608 702, 619 842, 435 Minnesota _ 14 686. 531 4, 321, 870 556, 331 1. 176, 565 833, 690 Mississippi _ 17 209, 575 1, 150,304 30, 177 283, 045 960, 788 Missouri _ _ _ 17 475, 106 2, 602, 542 313, 669 331, 134 969, 333 Montana _ 6 148, 379 682, 589 45, 477 224, 613 364, 741 Nebraska _ 8 274, 537 2, 108, 455 283, 390 341,093 552, 607 Nevada. 1 48, 172 222, 463 100, 962 80, 449 New Hampshire _ _ _ 3 97, 992 669, 191 1,423 148, 795 166, 678 New Jersey 9 202, 193 1,053,201 10, 207 123, 353 New Mexico _ 191, 167 794, 861 8, 978 122,887 290,416 New York _ 15 1,006, 824 7, 200. 474 9, 235 24, 605 1,183, 465 North Carolina _ . _ 13 399. 890 2, 645, 154 43, 389 310, 870 1,304,019 North Dakota _ 9 191.887 940, 879 18. 984 196. 167 287, 136 Ohio _ _ _ 8 1, 067. 054 7, 698, 488 237, 241 509, 458 1, 135,812 Oklahoma _ _ _ 27 622, 299 3, 252, 092 650, 575 354, 700 956, 931 Oregon _ 5 284, 437 1.934, 212 112,444 443, 598 510. 871 Pennsylvania _ 15 540. 010 3, 634, 199 337, 577 607, 772 1, 247, 782 Rhode Island 2 77.060 401. 585 100, 992 53, 421 South Carolina _ _ _ 7 272. 241 1, 145. 872 38. 225 264, 403 694, 672 South Dakota _ _ 7 155, 002 883,563 3, 146 171, 374 356, 446 Tennessee.. _ 7 213, 750 1, 433. 069 149, 261 221. 862 753, 980 Texas _ 38 1,218,015 6, 394, 547 246, 280 1,084, 443 2. 165, 706 Utah _ 6 244, 597 1,081,212 84, 627 189, 722 238, 559 Vermont _ _ 4 106, 407 590. 649 25, 701 138, 646 170, 088 Virginia _ _ 10 373, 321 2, 790, 710 344, 252 307. 514 805, 934 Washington _ _ 7 539, 008 2, 614, 993 19, 592 470, 469 417, 266 West Virginia _ 10 208, 118 1, 516. 975 96,666 202, 522 540, 386 Wisconsin _ _ .. ... 39 617. 545 4, 602, 770 1, 393, 088 849, 051 1, 337, .504 Wyoming _ _ _ _ 1 94, 756 373, 935 22, 092 147, 183 155, 540 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ 1 24,003 80, 490 111 53, 524 30, 799 Canal Zone 1 2, 872 23, 118 Hawaii _ _ _ 1 89, 577 413, 020 58,650 110,934 169, 694 Philippine Islands 1 34, 372 383, 767 741 Puerto Rico 1 126.593 582. 370 55. 466 305, 406 261, 545 HIGHER EDUCATION 121 1 93 7-38 — Continued CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS Educational aDd General Capital outlay Libraries Physical plant oper¬ ation and mainte¬ nance Unitem¬ ized ex¬ pendi¬ tures Total (in¬ cluding un item¬ ized ex¬ penditures) Auxiliary enterprises Nonedu- cational expend¬ itures Buildings and grounds Equip¬ ment Total 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 $7, 892, 422 $28,619, 035 $238, 906, 287 $47, 932, 867 $3, 543, 078 $33, 350, 069 $7, 576, 405 $40,926, 474 140, 808 74, 444 287, 179 4, 270, 316 1,113, 801 19, 742| 343, 412 91,054 434, 466 368, 593 2, 040, 347 611,371 72, 666 394, 910 99, 959 494, 869 93, 249 290, 559 2, 676, 966 424, 281 97,988 169, 439 89, 904 i 859, 740 259, 343 834, 873 2, 093, 535 18, 619, 848 2,851.283 234, 335 3,115,021 3, 974, 761 109, 910 450,884 4, 335, 210 633, 705 : 45, 637 831, 426 37, 517 868, 943 29,646 200, 426 1, 673, 142 417,018; 7, 235 219, 912 103,585 323, 497 15, 409 11, 182 85, 690 129,682 33, 631 — 744, 397 319. 140 134, 689 21,303 166, 076 6, 491 172, 567 187, 577 :::::::::: 2, 704, 274 876, 775 37, 989 349, 926 152,666 502, 592 108,082 387, 221 3, 798, 299 1,329,600( 2, 199 1, 025, 178 77,923 1, 103, 101 36, 527 301,019 1, 739, 732 517,134] 28,700 123, 400 50, 434 173, 834 485, 182 1, 634, 293 10, 872, 473 724, 344 1 31,354 1,430,009 437,037] 1, 867, 046 171,399 666, 366 7, 985, 230 1,723, 187] 154, 626 2, 216, 706 456,910 2, 673, 616 326, 897 1, 042, 653 9, 170, 289 1, 175,783 65, 975 874, 225 81, 297; 955, 522 199, 912 629, 733 5, 780, 936 521,0851 45, 160 659, 175 212, 796 871, 971 140, 643 454, 301 4. 341, 419 648. 938 34,008 26, 919 79, 523 106, 442 194, 539 616, 479 ! 4, 805, 610 1, 486, 378] 309,708 2, 898, 833 79, 774] 2,978,606 32. 764 : 220,857 | 1, 587, 546 422. 145 18,996 80,993 4, 526 85, 519 64. 808 323, 742 1 2, 849, 827 454,410; 6, 544 100, 321 78, 928 179, 249 64, 527 532,042 j 2, 955, 712 464, 352! 9, 767 194, 442 16.436 210, 878 594, 774 1, 948, 822 17,368,204 1, 749, 599 2,538, 433: 167, 262 1,685, 527 364, 553 2, 050, 080 326, 443 1,064, 048 ! 8, 965, 478 166, 233 1, 181.518 323, 899 1, 505, 417 66,191 372, 986 3. 073, 066 1,513, 220! 66, 381 1,069, 923 129, 251 1, 199, 174 206, 947 756, 731 5, 655, 462 429, 698 1 15, 446 634,960 202, 680 837, 640 51, 140 208,582 — 1, 725, 521 574, 940 34, 735 j 249,809 56, 311 306,120 142, 214 530,244 4, 232, 540 788,071 96, 879 6, 358 1 1,020,948 101,367 1, 122, 315 9, 213 43,061 504, 320 151,076 38, 184 2,910 41,094 32, 744 200, 6.50 | 1,317,473 321,649 12,121 24, 333 305. 691 24, 558 330, 249 48, 195 55, 323 225, 695 - __ _ 1, 669, 972 286, 634 15,021 33, 174 46, 197 182, 795 1, 637, 301 367. 400 81, 856 379, 360 65, 091 444, 451 266, 953 1, 185. 533 10, 877, 089 274, 696 61, 208 897, 384 252,407 1, 149, 791 213, 506 649, 887 5, 566, 715 2, 918, 031 13,576 1,282,508 226, 208 1, 508. 716 43, 465 396, 749 2, 075, 26? 390, 488 2, 524 170, 698 24, 938 195, 636 379, 343 1,427. 579 12, 454, 975 3, 393, 558 128,217 801, 428 220, 751 1, 022, 179 219, 181 862, 519 6. 918, 297 j 1,168,939 49, 796 814, 307 451, 680 1, 265, 987 180, 068 474, 444 3, 940, 074 715, 397 79, 899 114, 670 129, 541 244, 211 162, 882 1,052, 275 7, 582, 497 1,319,539 55, 953 i 1, 654, 765 88,463 1, 743, 228 19, 448 144, 139 796, 645 150,876 1,230,233 193, 791 24, 242 25,000 49, 242 73,563 53, 567 97, 667 442, 820 588, 057 285, 072 3, 077, 033 1,908, 170 33,064 1,412,711 3, 917 93, 243 46, 133 1, 505, 954 50,050 298, 997 3,168,586 447, 744 28,216 275, 507 177,990 453, 497 1,253,916 12, 805, 727 j 3,813,001 410, 977 1 1, 567, 438 560, 138 2, 127, 576 85, 249 270, 493 2, 194. 459 370, 731 4, 708 218, 891 138, 426 357, 317 20, 876 100,486 1,152,853 185, 651 125, 923 20, 690 25, 078 45, 768 210, 766 914, 221 5, 746, 718 2,501,190 437, 468 740, 010 159, 588 899, 598 287, 675 891.982 5, 240, 985 902, 315 76, 382 38, 622 901, 697 130, 236 1,031,933 92,419 315, 062 _ 2, 972, 148 738, 876 326,228 157, 770 483,998 263, 935 1, 039, 640 10, 103, 533 1, 738, 373 71,906 9, 100 235, 981 331, 607 567,588 27, 362 83,598 l - 904, 466 228, 444 85. 734 16, 914 102, 648 1,295 410 32, 458 1,131 49, 274 — 222,680 27,531 938, 124 432, 932 1.464,533 49, 186 510 96, 326 2, 192 8,730 105, 056 2, 192 46, 975 14, 052 31,492 j - 138,666 15, 964 68. 337 4,348 130, 926 5, 750 136, 676 101,661 14. 325 464,226 46,806 511.032 254432 0—41 9 122 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Table 16. — Expenditures , PART 3. — PRIVATELY Educational and general State or outlying part 1 Continental United States. . Alabama _ Arkansas _ _ _ _ _ California _ _ Colorado _ _ _ Connecticut- . . . . Delaware _ _ _ District of Columbia - Florida . . . . - . Georgia - - - - Idaho . . . . Illinois . - . Indiana.. . - - - Iowa - - - - Kansas _ Kentucky . . . . - Louisiana - Maine - - Maryland _ _ _ Massachusetts _ Michigan _ Minnesota - - - . . Mississippi _ Missouri _ Montana _ Nebraska _ New Hampshire _ _ New Jersey _ New York _ North Carolina - North Dakota - - Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania - Rhode Island _ South Carolina - - - South Dakota - Tennessee - - Texas _ Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia _ _ Washington _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Outlying parts of the United States Num¬ ber of insti¬ tutions report¬ ing Adminis¬ tration and gen¬ eral con¬ trol Resident instruction and nonbudgeted research Organized research separately budgeted Extension Colleges, schools, and depart¬ ments Related activities 2 3 4 5 6 7 1,000 $36, 870, 346 $132, 544, 224 $10, 282,027 $7,251, 596 $3, 502,409 15 338, 958 829, 807 146, 572 14, 723 34, 094 10 115, 174 231, 499 14, 550 46 1, 504, 830 6, 540, 778 11,027 282, 670 333 7 224, 802 683, 013 5, 465 8, 460 3,440 18 793, 168 5, 390,113 638 512, 222 2, 430 1 4,345 6,800 1,200 13 613, 807 2, 306, 717 210,118 20,254 8 240, 200 475, 142 7,704 28 620, 919 1,560, 911 191, 084 3, 483 4 39, 058 107, 342 9, 358 272 63 3, 377, 388 10, 414, 053 1, 410, 315 1, 246, 728 226, 751 30 908, 451 2, 322, 293 26, 865 12, 260 260, 362 33 584, 932 1, 506, 022 4,983 46 6, 431 22 315, 556 880, 424 5,697 926 203 21 236, 950 704, 783 115, 723 428 8, 302 13 331, 520 1,615,249 218 7 159, 122 726, 929 7, 920 960 16 796, 125 2, 834, 748 1,535 1,986 152, 397 45 3, 052, 461 14, 903, 456 907, 577 1, 797, 823 52, 694 23 521,062 1, 502, 978 73,206 2,500 1,833 19 431, 037 1, 354, 933 21,263 3,984 17 222, 046 389, 116 5, 820 38 1, 256, 764 3, 186, 568 27, 139 209, 920 4 39, 110 111, 148 57, 515 15 155, 442 410, 103 6, 326 3, 428 3 416, 021 1, 142, 886 46, 080 17 1, 224, 546 3, 687, 160 1,337 749, 942 526, 749 85 7, 322, 497 30, 933, 585 2, 032, 357 1, 238, 016 1, 833, 906 38 943, 921 2, 953, 641 744, 268 24, 956 7, 261 2 15, 516 71, 034 50 2, 268, 956 6, 079, 489 116, 564 118,135 60, 650 9 150, 822 421, 884 2,675 7, 350 13 210, 660 646, 455 70 3, 309, 597 13, 494, 494 2, 026, 414 823, 601 167, 636 4 181, 954 978, 900 88, 990 10, 854 22, 138 23 280, 670 678, 894 4, 145 g 119, 724 257, 385 1,981 36 819, 598 2, 383, 935 547, 628 20,498 22,268 48 941, 240 2, 664, 008 1, 068, 395 44, 952 4 79, 266 400, 797 6, 537 2,000 11,994 6 216, 274 476, 731 9,745 30 705, 151 1,933,133 46, 736 32,236 12 151, 189 529, 207 176, 974 8 123,’ 085 250, 016 16, 371 4, 973 18 506, 432 1, 565, 665 131,093 95, 466 1 33,900 52,819 1 10,282 19, 633 Philippine Islands Puerto Rico - HIGHER EDUCATION 123 1937-38 — Continued CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS Educational and General Auxiliary enterprises Nonedu- cational expend¬ itures Capital outlay Libraries Physical plant oper¬ ation and mainte¬ nance Un item¬ ized ex¬ pendi¬ tures Total (in¬ cluding unitem¬ ized ex¬ penditures) Buildings and grounds Equip¬ ment Total 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 $9, 695, 818 |34, 118, 620 $2, 020, 311 $236, 285, 351 $67,686,854 $20, 030, 708 $25, 173, 141 $4, 366, 047 $29, 539, 188 48, 764 255,833 1, 668, 751 905,796 171,914 130, 747 27, 476 158,223 21, 679 71, 152 31, 164 485, 218 286, 213 32, 037 12,500 12,500 492, 356 1, 392, 615 70, 139 10, 294, 748 5, 279, 480 571, 110 1, 840, 442 1,246, 057 3, 086, 499 67, 163 165, 073 1, 157, 416 326, 248 117, 373 32,083 9, 015 41,098 610, 901 1, 498, 062 8, 807, 534 2, 116, 617 898, 123 184, 214 49, 971 234, 185 12, 345 415 132, 939 615, 589 3, 899, 424 970, 142 348,266 1, 200, 388 84, 019 1, 284, 407 40, 529 122, 823 886, 398 559, 539 97, 887 32, 021 42, 425 74, 446 123,808 407, 340 2, 907, 545 1, 134, 623 243, 351 166,406 64, 418 230,824 4, 356 36,058 196, 444 33, 892 17,968 6, 781 7,264 14, 045 824, 422 2, 475, 390 126, 802 20, 101, 849 4, 948, 100 1, 704, 156 3, 309, 006 263,654 3, 572, 660 163, 330 711,090 4, 404, 651 2, 180, 523 393, 669 615, 889 34, 927 650, 816 119, 087 541, 872 2, 763, 373 807, 755 420,084 44,580 52, 042 96, 622 60, 877 267, 324 1, 531, 007 427, 727 206, 897 40,091 18, 459 58, 650 50, 972 282, 672 1, 399, 830 587, 197 188, 167 221, 073 22,514 243, 587 96, 312 265, 333 2, 308, 632 264. 196 103, 571 44, 713 400 45, 113 59, 376 248, 748 1, 203, 055 295, 681 128, 336 55,225 520 55, 745 169,563 543, 371 4, 499, 725 891, 237 391, 442 103,019 39,960 142, 979 1, 310, 361 3, 679, 448 25, 703, 820 7, 339, 724 3, 023, 859 4, 178, 250 52, 908 4,231,158 83, 971 476, 897 2, 662; 447 847, 636 183, 182 123, 630 55, 073 178, 703 82, 722 485, 161 2, 379, 100 1,395,943 280,283 1, 444, 174 110, 796 1, 554, 970 24,319 154, 579 795,880 298, 372 52, 245 20,664 14,809 35, 473 197,044 748, 393 1, 305, 921 6, 931, 749 1, 470, 887 247, 179 516, 172 184, 777 700, 949 12, 792 35, 310 255, 875 74,336 34, 679 14, 869 7, 343 22, 212 30,061 129, 132 734, 492. 337, 381 91,944 11,849 9, 924 21, 773 161,012 223, 377 1, 989, 376 930,251 108, 386 267,809 22, 357 290, 166 403,859 1,284, 687 7, 878, 280 1, 949, 014 634, 478 429, 714 126, 353 556, 067 1, 948, 144 7. 441, 097 52, 749, 602 10. 990, 936 3, 360, 458 2, 574, 148 573, 433 3, 147, 581 209,673 856, 164 5, 739, 884 1, 442, 333 166,294 1, 080, 404 223,241 1, 303, 645 2,276 37, 535 126, 361 5, 132 577 10,000 10 000 455, 521 1, 691, 299 10,790, 614 3, 424, 922 1,076, 418 585, 852 62, 484 648, 336 23,408 73, 709 679, 848 251,006 101,850 28, 400 18, 489 46, 889 37, 139 152, 584 1, 046, 838 247,883 108, 438 226, 948 45, 123 272, 071 680,597 3, 309, 332 23,811,671 6, .537, 178 2,281,060 2, 545. 394 448, 882 2, 994. 276 133,508 306, 795 1, 723, 139 385, 917 207, 294 992, 984 17, 195 1, 010, 179 47,244 185, 257 1, 196, 210 778, 615 130,286 60, 721 103, 352 164, 073 17, 108 121,242 517, 440 145, 548 47, 055 10,380 2,473 12,853 193. 729 650, 485 414, 180 5, 052, 321 1, 353, 056 307, 054 843. 174 40,299 883, 473 203, 918 684, 337 72, 105 5, 678, 955 1, 971, 854 523, 350 499, 142 53,300 552, 442 10, 471 71, 116 582, 181 37, 761 26,206 25, 982 22, 812 48, 794 42, 814 166,740 912,304 432, 173 76,364 99,838 4,243 104,081 144, 212 556, 328 3, 417, 796 1, 6.58, 197 427, 965 236, 847 122, 992 359, 839 36, 942 156, 518 1,050, 830 345, 716 82,116 64, 304 45, 937 110,241 14, 992 97, 078 506,515 194, 459 87. 949 60, 076 14. 918 74, 994 i01, 547 443, 675 2, 843, 878 825, 243 329, 388 182, 238 19, 413 201,651 205 21. 491 108, 415 18, 047 2,100 12,000 44,015 24, 362 '1,588 6,500 4,000 10, 500 Table 17.— Property, 1937-38 PART 1. - TOTALS 124 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 IS I! 2 46, 676, 616 9, 192, 282 17,300,101 224, 620, 073 30, 820, 710 226, 992, 628 5, 686, 590 34, 726, 084 19, 826, 623 69, 484, 334 12, 651, 323 292, 522, 360 84, 450, 632 79, 481,636 41,820,173 44, 225, 176 52, 860, 509 25, 648, 660 82, 436, 748 359, 320, 168 129,015, 570 92, 379, 267 27, 371, 568 107, 372, 945 14, 767,232 j Total S I S 17, 190, 167 864, 159 2, 483, 971 81, 930, 655 6, 808, 610 122, 287, 838 679, 892 9,044, 628 2, 859,960 26,330,226 5, 710, 503 136, 853, 474 22, 365, 005 17,908, 491 8, 375, 958 12, 122, 404 14, 655, 342 12, 007, 494 36,411,886 259,354,436 23, 583, 332 28, 377, 487 4,029,517 38, 961,967 4,582,939 Funds tempora¬ rily func¬ tioning as endow¬ ments 1 S' 1 496,200 2,991,005 432, 258 1, 467, 929 190, 981 249, 759 1, 745, 760 30,000 5,267, 111 163, 135 353, 833 9, 108 59,950 113, 462 5, 956, 912 2, 692, 473 32, 386 16,000 58, 987 1,151,731 1 o I 1 Student loan = I i i 103, 251 20, 079 107, 823 1, 525, 377 163,897 506, 384 19, 150 110, 501 143, 291 1, 705, 910 36, 817 1,528, 583 695, 120 300, 770 265, 359 296, 713 190, 927 47, 286 131,446 2,549,320 672, 263 497, 699 17. 904 898, 298 85, 138 I ■ 1 H Annuity 2 i s' s 304, 615 3, 338, 903 206, 497 2, 737, 476 34. 632 388, 928 61,000 760, 303 21,500 7, 425, 393 2, 558, 510 1, 713, 255 678, 085 479, 861 42, 863 299,419 771, 245 1, 923, 503 219, 112 1,135,905 13,600 1, 235, 282 72, 314 Endowment i i 16, 286, 101 844, 080 2, 376, 148 74, 075, 370 6, 005, 958 117, 576,049 626,110 8. 354, 218 2, 405, 910 22,118, 253 5, 622, 186 122, 632, 387 18, 948, 240 15, 540,633 7, 423, 406 11,285,880 14, 421, 552 11,547, 327 29, 552, 283 252, 189, 140 22, 659, 571 26, 727, 883 3. 939, 026 35, 676, 656 4, 425, 487 Total » 29, 486, 449 8, 328,123 14,816, 130 142, 689, 418 24,012, 100 104, 704. 790 5, 006, 698 25, 681, 456 16, 966, 663 43, 154, 108 6, 940, 820 155, 668,886 62, 085, 627 61, 573, 145 33, 444, 215 32, 102, 772 38, 205, 167 13, 641, 166 46. 024, 862 99, 965, 732 105, 432, 238 64, 001, 780 23, 342, 051 68, 410, 978 10, 184, 293 Unexpend¬ ed plant funds } S' 474, 387 39, 498 303 2, 549, 984 267, 327 2, 823, 646 17, 556 1,422, 330 55, 257 358, 170 6,013 1, 940, 302 812,310 389, 315 411,671 202,412 156, 455 791, 085 778, 571 1,897, 377 490, 517 1, 797, 856 169, 487 2, 149, 770 114, 965 j Equipment * 1 !' i 3. 854, 883 2,024,098 2, 655, 966 30, 610, 096 4, 646, 171 18, 605, 385 924, 221 3, 319, 138 4,212,611 5, 818. 607 1, 508, 144 20, 800, 250 8, 681, 229 12,217,311 8,326,003 4, 512, 897 5, 958, 549 2, 210, 132 4, 6*3, 353 12, 917, 421 21, 672, 036 12, 837, 861 4, 522, 406 13, 228, 807 1,895. 991 1 Other build¬ ings and im¬ provements 17, 250, 433 4, 035, 453 7, 235, 685 77, 433, 951 13, 961, 431 44, 353, 062 3, 164, 839 13, 599, 693 8, 208,173 23, 692, 408 3, 703, 539 102, 846, 347 42, 283, 901 38, 552, 475 19, 259, 481 19, 401, 324 21.027, 177 8, 184, 797 31,272,237 65, 694, 221 56, 780, 819 36, 154, 897 11,767, 846 39, 787, 195 5, 584, 728 •a > Dormi¬ tories I 1 4,123, 549 1,412, 264 3, 852, 447 10, 572,919 3,093,716 25, 436. 365 543, 902 3, 395,169 3, 370, 316 8. 509, 229 1,164,151 13, 516, 637 5, 796, 177 6, 181, 524 2, 159, 743 4, 683, 740 5, 969, 787 1, 748, 764 4, 763, 471 11,836,753 11, 118, 175 4, 967, 803 4. 817, 222 5. 294, 914 1,815,399 Grounds « } 3, 783, 197 816,810 1,071,729 21, 522, 468 2, 043, 455 13, 486, 332 356. 180 3, 945,126 1, 120, 306 4, 775,694 558, 973 16, 565, 350 4. 512,010 4, 232, 520 3, 287, 317 3, 302, 399 5, 093, 199 706, 388 4, 567, 230 7. 619, 960 15, 370, 691 8, 243, 363 2, 065, 090 7, 950, 292 773, 210 j ber of insti¬ tutions report- 3 -r State or outlying part - J NNj ||i || HIM Mill 1111! 3 : : i i : : : : : : : : j | j | ■ | ■ ■ | I lllll SIS Hill SIIII Hill HIGHER EDUCATION 125 26, 687. 612 2,924,651 36,111,569 89, 870,000 7, 497, 916 565, 007, 783 129,475,102 16,054,053 205,114,755 41, 175, 877 31, 218, 227 329, 628, 572 34, 235, 315 33, 617, 205 20, 518, 050 92, 922, 852 167, 632, 237 11,957, 369 19, 534, 401 102, 377, 464 40, 770, 770 24, 543, 355 63,815. 756 7, 274, 808 46, 400, 000 946, 103 339,860 3,073,796 3, 741, 290 4,740,984 4, 925,118 365. 593 19, 178, 300 49,411,794 2, 015, 432 252,211,719 49,811, 154 6, 439. 585 83,005,539 10, 252, 529 6, 674,986 113,077, 570 17, 370, 115 6, 094, 796 7, 455, 213 43, 195, 393 66, 633, 117 1, 577, 402 9,961,909 40, 291, 372 14. 696, 312 3, 598, 451 13, 885,319 3, 932, 077 1 II s is 522 s ill : Sgsli isiii mu i s \m i irs's §ir mm * § : ticf ; 00 ef 1111 1 2 2 _r gill 3 3 1 1 1 1 ! 1 3 33 1! 13 1 1 1 1 IIIIII 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 m 1,1 8 SR 1 1 1 § S3**8ai eT H* 10 10 783 175 173 75 44 72 3 3S2I3 a g § 6,993 2,925 89 1,200 1,368 8 1 1 1 | JgRSR*1 88 1 3»**« H* 234 946 946 19 66 90 145 212 8£g£8 i a § 8 8 6,722 3,289 192 1,137 | 1 553 129 424 3,860 2,920 1,375 174 215 277 709 442 245 197 1,103 277 339 94 47 84 a la 1**33 164 159 74 21 1 1 % P s? & 0? 1,539 441 1,098 608 608 ! 3S«*3" 1,091 596 495 1,527 397 494 131 111 394 1,931 1,815 185 329 354 320 405 186 36 a I! 22,954 7,201 632 1,972 3 728 377 351 1 1 1 i 33 ' cT c*VT 870 551 319 gas isa * 22 I8SSR 1 *83 " i II 3,559 2,450 93 159 s 9 317 US 1 i i 1,532 1’%n3 781 190 274 317 350 222 128 3R2 ma a 1838 | 288 1 1 i g I £> 3 £35! oT 2,224 1,033 823 20.2 611 m 8 £Sa98S» •s? cM* 720 385 335 783 175 173 75 44 72 8S2I3 a * 1 3 8 I ?-SI 3,180 1,794 917 274 643 469 136 333 5,558 4,386 2,832 279 200 358 1,707 288 1,018 248 398 39 46 53 a ^a**3a 85°”° i 57,170 39,559 3 Is! 3 SR s*3S 13 3 10 423 290 181 10 21 14 2/130 16 12 133 120 6 6 9 25 17 835 1“ 3 2,370 1,499 § *** 8 s 333 KSS 8 K*»**gg 388 OjsOO^COj * 45 20 8 12 6 H 6,379 3,750 !«ss TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1 937-38— Continued 134 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 135 1 1 1 33 1 r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 II 11" p|«« "MM II" 11 H f^co Oi 1 1 1 — m m i 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 II II 1 1 11 M II 1 11 1 11 " 1 1 Ml 1 1 1 S* MH II £1111 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 Mill Mill Mill " II * 1 1 IS 1 1 1 1 ##M1II iH is i I"' l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 5 1 i 4/i l Mill 1 II 3 1 1 IS 1 1 1 1 408 408 SH I “ 1 nil 1 1 1 1 H H Mil ^llN 1 II 1 1 - IISrt 1 ir 1 1 1 star 1*13 HH 13 1 IS 13 46 6 18 1 47 22 3 i 86 54 82 41 1 9 19 3 275 76 404 87 1 II oToT £5111 3«si "'3 IS0' 27 56 4 is 90 62 16 10 19 47 731 62 98 62 663 39 1 1 1 SSHHr lH 1 1 1 Mill Mill Mill Mill Mill iiir l 1*1 1 1 1 B6»i-n £-111 1 1 1 II I R 1 1" II II 1 HIS mrarr 1 igl 1 1 1 15 1 i I 180 26 23 2 IS 1 M - 1 "M 1 ian 11 1 IS ° 1 SpS -*** 1 1 1 c^t> 623 U 23 415 17 217 151 629 32 SS*‘ 1 i^ri IgPig glJI oT 1 1 1 13*1* I" 1 1 lit i IS | | 1 Mill M ip i siii® 11 111 II 1*3 362 -15. 1 1 1 SSi i n- 1 1 igi IS 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 m M i SIMS II 1 II M l £3 1 i£3 s*m i » i »s §g*EU8$ I S 13 •V ig iag i§ i i§ s i§p i i p i ra i ip 1 1 i s i is i £3 I IS II II* § S#»S * I3§ 6*8*8 ingi ig"|8 *»&*g ft'ii S*8‘3 52s “ »*RJ8 8«58 s 838* 3*6*3 88$* > i*ss8 3S»sl 312 189 $§33MS a 197 334 595 410 240 169 150 318 159 36 *8*68 S II II i II 1 li~ •*> «s »*»S8 is i i$ *«S« * 1 '■ *85 3 1 M 1 Mil 1,281 27 43 I S 1 £ 1 IS II 1 Ip II 1 12 U 1 8*838 150 222 190 109 o'oT 138 144 334 75 25 475 73 6 217 243 199 106 877 149 23 129 415 225 217 151 122 682 86 35 102 654 37 33S33 871 3 727 3 1 3/3 10 3 2/10 1 4 30 CO H >* F* c\ s H^H§3 55333 29 26 2/22 9 2,629 2,522 2 2 2/8 2 10 2/328 27 2/38 12 2/ 8 53 53“' B*3‘K §§S§s 5‘ > |S 866 i5! I IS 13 S I IS I II l£S R ” IS i is r s 1 1 1 1 1 1 igg g is«g ^ oT s^ri si igs «a?^8*ia* **8“8 ssSiSK'8|SSap?> SR^S^S 2$3"S ^SKSS 2£S£ TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEG 136 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 1 1 Mil i II II 1 1 a h ih i i 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 MM M I M ! 1 CM CM CM 1 1" imi 1 1 1 1 1 1 I i I 1 1 I II 1 II II 1 1 1 3 33 lH3 "* M 1 1 1 1 1 l 11 1 1 l i i i M II 1 II 1 1 $ 3° * 13 S l^H 1 1 1 1 1 asr i 1 1 Mil Mill 1 1 R 33 »"3 S'3- 1 1 1 1 1 35^ 1 I Mil t II II I l § SR *•3 RSR* 1 1 M 1 i 1 MM 1 1 1 II 1 1 |SS 179 99 405 126 12 93 21 mu a*s* 1 1 MM II M 1 1 l | S3 I 13 3 133 mu 331" i I MM 1 M II l 1 3 §s iaa 8 133 mu m 1 1 M II II 1 II 1 1 If 8»R pts mu aar 1 1 IMi 1 1 M I 1 1 a as £££ spr» -T f\ H i-T 1,700 1,700 33 1 1 MM 1 Mil 1 1 § 8® * 18 IMI mil sgai 1 1 1 1 II 1 II II 1 1 a ss »IS 1 II 1 1 1 I - 33- 1 833 270 $33 l§ 3 !- ?! a>i riir RaSSR Ijpsi 83 gsss ISIS* 3 £ i a s,i *"* 8^335 pi n Is- 1 8 § sis 3* <*r? fi*53 1*353. 385 l |£f!s3 *M l£ 3 3 ^ |g| r-T cn 3i*iRra» ||S» s 1 1 i$“ II II Pi ! 1 3 sg S»S oT !*? *m* g$*r r-T H* a 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 15 1 1 i i §8g£ RIIIR ||RS r- 1 gg S8PS $33 l§ O' rH a as \*T C *NH i»! aass5«sss |jp 725 180 IS i*>sa 3 9,165 6,528 5,066 1,479 771 2,816 Rpsa «aaas §§«* oToT 3^33 ^3^3 - * 33 rp £3$8 rt'*w'3'° SSoi | 75i ^ c5l 107 2/15 3“H“ 2/ 9 7 2JA 14 M - * §3 n S“S" 5-33“ HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 137 & £ 1* 3 £ *11* n Q 5 ^ S'S*3 3 3 $5 5“H ill! i 1" 1 1 £ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ££; 1 1 lH 1 II ^33 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 | 1 1 III 1 R 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 20 1 1 1 11.13 1. l 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l | 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 l r 1 1 1 1 1 '“IIIS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 l l 1 IK i 1 $ 1 1 1 l 1 1 I 1 SS 1 1 1 1 I 7 5 1 56 1 l 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 CM CM | CM l 1 IS 1 1 3 c- c** l II 1 1 1 77 77 1 1 I 10 8 14 45 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 | ^ 1 air 1 § 3 5 295 43 109 117 26 1 88«i r 1 a* 1 13 3 l 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 2 63 6 57 1 rc 061 01 1 8 3 § 45 1 43 1 1 53 '■ 1 15 34 H 1 *■ 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1 s S P'1 00 1 H H rH 1 l§ 1 t § 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 167 167 1 1 1 " 1 1 13 1 1 1 l II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l§ l 1 s rl • 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 §S 1 " 1 1 1 43 141 1 1 l 1 I 1 1 1 1 * 1 1 1 1 nr 1 CM rt rl 8 992 171 340 348 133 R 355 279 1 13 12 SNIP * 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rt 122 122 « H H H 1 IgP 1 CO 8 NO K <*> a 173 32 6 132 3 1 i 0} Nt«n 137 140 SI 1 Ig CM nO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i S rt H H H H H 1 Igl 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 33'l CM . , 1 1 ihs 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rH rH 1 H l 1131 1 § 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 l aa» 1 1 1 1 9 22 500 l 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 Nt 1 >* 1 ai|J 8 g :£ g till! 1 §sg 1 P 1 1 Ig, 1 1 1 1 3**5 1 i O' £ 244 57 187 I H rH H H lg* i H> O 1 1 0 -3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 SIS 1 ‘ 1 1 1 1 1 SS) 0 1 1 §P§H3R 1 R 1 •n CA 5P§ l F- ' cr- rH 4,998 O' 5$ 8 O' CM -vtvO C- 1 4,379 3,887 50 SH 102 179 ZL5 3,106 R rH §SRSS8 § § 8*8 1 ££R | H H O d a >3 I S8£§3 ft $38 1 502 704 a 8 721 96 152 40 30 § § 897 76 821 1 <*? IA CM H (AO? 96 841 1 * r- s 1 1 1 1 1 1 £§3 1 1 1 1 13s n r 1 45 17 28 1 8 227 227 1 1 13 1 1 2 CO CA * 1 1 1 1 1 1 a*'* 1 1 1 l 1 IS 1 , c- 1 '*P' 1 rH ! 1 1 3 127 127 1 rt 1 83 c 3 A 8 992 171 340 348 133 R 8$8H 718 13 12 83 250 1 475 & 8 280 28 64 149 30 ON * I> O 8 CM H I CO CM CM l 8 § § CACMnO cm r\ 3" 3 1 $8‘» 137 140 M\ | CM <*\ *A O I O O «A rH >A>f- CM NO 1 609 73 88 1 40 1 *■ 534 21 513 rt H* o e?'® PHR 1 0? Oj s CA ^O^UMA On sJ-nO »a CA H CM pgs 1 72 1 1 3P l IS P, O 31 3 4 12 9 43 15 28 H 2/ 4 38 101 2/ 12 g a CM H ST"' 3"* l 1,074 986 9 13 833 ^1 2/ 32 56 85 2/742 (A H 1 t>°'eo hh "* oil 8 rH S3® H O' <3 a e5i! jy lg sd g a ® 3 a « «r «a*?s? 53 S3 3*5” "io| o.S oS £”3.3 Pli 5 g SS a a eh * 3 E rt W C _ & „ o o “ M &> °°H • •* a a 1 3 i 5sla§ 254432 0—41 - 10 TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEG 138 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 llllll! a 1 1 1 0}0^ ( |NH CM cn | 1 ! 1 llllll 1 a i i 1 1 1 1 a 1 i i 88 1 18 i 1 nil; 1 1 l llllll I i 1 1 1 1 1 1 s 1 1 1 88* 18 i3 °'\°'\ \ I 1 I llllll 1 - 1 1-' 1 5 1 1 i £32 1 I 1 1 1 llllll s 8 SS IS0' 1 1 1 1 ! sass i * i 1 llllll 1 K 33 1 13 1 g 9 s® SS**®*' pssas 83 i llllll I § ** ®S* I § rf S3 5 1,636 1,636 52 197 9 395 1365 ‘ £2 1 llllll 1 «‘5 l 5 1 l 1 66® 1 & I3H I ** i i llllll 1 3 33 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 111‘3‘* £ !£$ 1 a i 1 llllll i 5 SS ‘ ls \ ! H§> g§a‘8‘ 1 HH «®a«‘ 5‘ § llllll l ‘3* 1 7,453 535 558 ‘ft ‘ft C^C> rT W 1‘ l llllll 1 '"1 1 £ 1 i 1 SIS ‘ft" ‘ 99H‘ i i i l llllll 1 R 33 13S 1 1 1 l 1 668 »r« asn ‘ I i 1 llllll 1 s ss 1*8 1 § 1 1 1 §369 •* 1 31® ig >8 3 2 IS §ga 3 1 N? 1 1 1 §iri®3 *«S“ O? 1 llllll 1 s sa s? oToT *'! 3 | 3§s 88956rtft 9ft ‘89 S 1 £ 3R833iQ 3 IS Sii 5 c- 8tSft5g*8 33- - - 38 ‘8S <*H H 5‘ 9 1®*5‘* 3 1 0 H H H i sw 1 1,494 100 189 108 206 25 127 172 £ 75 181 4,042 3,580 491 311 5581* 102 95 392 66 45 34 72 175 5,576 2,596 702 197 505 1 1,894 306 171 111 39 138 122 130 231 313 182 ®3 2,980 2,477 326. ~i§ig “8 1,536 1,050 189 241 95 364 161 486 113 67 136 170 8 E|?S83g ' g 2,189 320 264 79 88 198 91 166 228 277 217 70 191 2,552 1,985 168 285 107 189 128 178 3,716 2,862 716 379 1,253 514 333 >88 5- |!§W 8 317 334 110 133 316 31833 H 7,130 6« 299 546 264 352 510 1,215 i*9 1,534 994 470 157 202 165 540 200 85 160 95 !- wm' §11111 48 166 138 195 1,938 1,611 550 IS 1 l§ 1 is sags i*S 8 RSS is 2,560 1,752 1,389 Z 2 817 5 s 1 l 1 “ IS IS 1 g£‘ ‘ IS » i-i l« “3 ||gas8* OH H H ! II'W 8 1,494 100 189 108 206 25 127 172 143 168 75 181 4,276 3,814 491 a 3 71 311 261 381 276 123 15 102 98 2,263 1,871 223 383 213 742 310 392 66 45 34 72 175 | t!!s"!3 3 171 111 39 138 122 130 231 313 182 »3 || »*&*« 3 167 60 1,175 *|R 333^0 805 440 331 4 42 76 29 178 2 s 8'*“' "3 3 2 4 9 3 6 O' O' 22 22 6 1 11 oil 45 11 n 8 2/ 6 9 * 148 11 10 17 12 9 15 13 13 17 12 503 437 18 n ZL 33 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1937- 140 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 | cm | | j | 1 ! 1 1 1 ill! 1 1 i i i i ii i ; i i i i ii 1 vO ! i H 1 I I i I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1111 Mill i 1 ! 1 1 13 1 1 III! : i i i 1 1 ii i i i i i i ii 3 1 3 i 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1” I 1 ! 1 1 1 i i i i i i ii - S S 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 ISRP8 £33^ illlli II 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 vr j~* Rsa* II IS II 1 1 1 1 II 3 S * 3 1 1 1 £ 18 SS3“ INI! 1 1 1 i 1 I 1 1 1 1 II 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 III! Illlli II r* R R R 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 IS Illlli II ? 1 9 S 451 200 251 16 16 1 1 1 I 14 1 1 1 1 1 IS Illlli II § ! O' 3 O? 1,745 254 125 129 120 120 Mil 1 1 1 1 1 III! Illlli II 3 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 III! 1 1 04 I 1 1 i 1 1 Illlli II PJ R R R 1 I 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 •5*33 aas* 4 1,219 S R 1 I 1 8»8 548 333 160 173 "II 503 12 66 157 40 55 33 140 § 1,398 s s 1 1 1 457 28 429 578 359 230 129 103 149 79 64 63 81 127 90 567 40 59 94 62 82 40 190 R s oj 1,659 R S3? S?3- 379 550 208 193 2a 212 350 288 514 100 109 154 80 71 s 5,317 !• S cf 650 325 325 818 51 767 33*3 H 1 Ig9g INI S' 1 igi R' 9 § 4 397 176 221 1 1 1 PS3 1 1 13*3 III! an is i si 9 § 4 5 1 1 1 4SS 1 'E*53 m* SS*"®* 1,331 2,123 1,575 3 451 200 251 308 32 276 SS3S ggRss 1 1 is sssrsr s^ 1,147 3,625 3,047 2,216 254 125 129 577 28 549 578 359 230 129 59 10 6 2 21 2/ 7 5 2/ 8 g 3 * 5 £43 24 4 2/ 20 RfJhh 33333 $°'3'r' 66 6 6 13 14 2/ 7 6 2/14 8 S 3 9 25 12 13 57 6 2/ 51 R&83 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 141 iii5 i i i : i i i i i mi k ® “ nuii i m g s s iiiiii i in n 3 i ‘ ingi! n f-T m 1 | 8 3WJ**58 1 m i g | 8*3*3* i ^ <* 4“ III g g £ I I I I I I I I I I 5 5 8 I I I I I I I | § § m III |§8ftgg miss 88S*8S O o e? c? Ill s 8 8 IIIIII miss nim S«3 § ” - nun 3*3 I § 3 nun a - « 3H }H mm a ^ ** " §£g g 3 S 333K8& P jf 4- 4* 4“ *»* S I 8 818388 - h | ( I 353*88 3R3 i <§ § §.§g$g£ * s * * 4 3*3 I 3 § 558385 22 1 1 i I : i i i 33 ‘ 55 I 1 I I I I I I I I 88* “ : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 55 I" I' i §§ m 1 1 1 g§ ia i as oT oT - «5«^* 3SH5I8S 888*888 I |85533 g|| || H 55 H mi-" i m ggigigg 4S" Mn in 833*85* 83**5 |S''5'53 33 § ■J5I *sa s s | rt«« | isnaa - ^ ^ irir 1 lH II H 1 1 l 1 nm llitl uni 1 S It l i : 1 1 : i u u 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 II Mill '.III1. sms iHri "ISM 1 1 1 1 1 i rH i nn 1 1 3 1 1 7 9 40 24 srHi riris 319 2 '*I'*R3 60 22 5 95 11 117 24 19 HiS** lull i r 1 1 IS 1 1 l MU! mi: i ISP 1 III " 1 1 1 u : i ip n i»a*» “8151 *'V' IIRII 180 115 543 27 279 7 691 123 45 120 1,759 mu l I! 1 1 inn Man 1 1 1 u II i 1 1 i n i : • 1 3 u 8 299 123 a 1 III m is ‘!|3S pM^ 2,745 Mill M1S3 49 20 75 297 ica 8'3M 4* l ISIS 71 26 972 99 89 3*s 85 2,528 195 522 27 236 111 345 104 229 109 118 222 -! 1*3 115 500 5 "SI IS 5ISI5 4 3 133 11 3 >83' 3 "a 1 1 20 531 127 *®*8S 652 15 225 27 "3i*8 *'335 75 70 495 174 2,745 180 125 556 27 279 7 691 125 45 120 2,305 177 115 5 20 1 15 10 4 5 2 26 4 31 4 7 n 3 12 32 19 96 30 20 16 2/ 7 34 1 30 2/21 142 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 nr [ini 1 1 1 1 1 iHo* 1 1 i^| j i nsa llS?li I ISM VACjDj | I ses ri i i M Mil I KSS 0*3 SI Si O'O o p-eo i IRP3 I >nc- r- o c- vfMJvO IT- 8S3^S "n i CO 00 r~ C- >r»M »«VO Mill Mill I 1 I i vO 1AWMO O vO O u~v vf ! 1 I g 1 I &R3 1 I P!QS | | I I Mill ig II I i|! ! I H 18 1 1 1 IS II i 98198 oT ps i sg i II I ft II II I Mils I 3 11 I CA I I CM ON CA I I H I I ii g; « i ■ • raroj^o^ O'H | og | 'O CO n O' to I CO H I I F- H O' g H | CA d I H IlllS ISIS! litis nail ISstttg P3 M I rT ""I1 l« I I § I >r ca i I h | onc^j - CA Nf *A Oi t 3 i 88 >89 88»S5 sill rim S3; IMIS MM! 1111$ I 11 II 98 MiJ I 138 >4- 1 8 M 8 8 I 1 3 I oT 89'9I 98 >89. IRI88 Mill 1 e> o tovo I*: a 1 1 1 1 *S 1 1 1 1 1 H 2S55S SR I P8 «^»v5 vr> lA C'- CACAvO -AO T5i ^1 H H (N H 3% 1 rig i 1 S' i § 1 I I I I I CMCMlCAt- I I I I I vO I OJH H IIS I 1 S3 1^ H m 11 1 11 igs 115 ii 1 iig* 89 1 1* 1 ig|a 1 >999 1 >8|S $$ Iftg !SE>£8 988*8? igggg ^ r-T OCAI 1 O C\f O' [> CQ CO 1 |p' '“d*:* 1 >ag9$«ss* ||H HS'°84 Ml Ml tA CV VAvO CA nOCOvO O'H CMHCV CV H vO »A * §, ft III "IS &* Ifll If till! 9HOO Ijsi « Is s Isl .lie if4 S.S'SS ■d, sa ills oT° .a s ia aifls mu O^jg >000 J» >. o “ s 2 £3 nr So :h0<° £ o' I 1 oTo s <» ,G £ ^ -H 2)0^^ >000) •* flili -ilfi W dnS-s® s^s-i O (l! O.H C 0 c C O rH 0 ^ -P 3 O ®gan& a||“s '00^60 ° .$ .S *ii *2 u S h m UsH stf-gs llsil 3£££2 UUs, {jig O -P w >-. 8|^g| I I I 1 I I i I I I I I 888 i I I I I K II I I ! I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I I I 1 9S3 «a CA CM I I I 1 1 1 P'°,A £1 ! I H 'A O l5* &Sa£S oNl ol-S 4 IlSSi III HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 143 i 1 III1. II lilt II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 s O' O' | UW c*\ cr\ | cr\ | 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ""mu 1 1 1 1 1 1 c^Oi ^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 II 1 1 1 « i 1 i i i i r i i w 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 i I 1 1 I 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 3 1 1 aa iaa 1 1 1 i i i i Mill i i 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 II I 1 1 1 i 2 £8 ISPl 3*3 1 i i i 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 II ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ll 1 1 1 1 1 8 88 *5* °8R 1 SS-3 l 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 Sill01 1- 1 1 I lH 1 1 1 1 I l II 1 I 1 I 1 L,394 680 453 323 130 227 99 128 1 as»s*** ^ I 15* l FlFl 1 III1. II 1 1 1 1 1 3 Wm 140 66 74 1 1,606 1,579 8 101 152 40 a "Sh0?! 103 38 5 61 17 -°£3 1 1 RSJci H 1 1 i 1 1 II inn S3 IS* 1 16 16 6 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 i i i a 291 225 80 145 1 ££^4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l Sill*1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III1. II III! 1 4,787 3,650 1,724 Zl 908 795 m H 1 1,137 S 335 61 III"' 1 43* \$ 41 1 1 1 1*4 «5 III! II 1 1 1 1 1 1 a 8,067 *3 2,345 4,511 1,195 529 666 1 4,893 442 22 1 1 1 S 1 S5*>R 1 1 1 151 33 1,003 ! 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 S 235 235 203 32 1 1 1 1 44 ISH 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 Mill I 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l II 1 1 1 1 1 g sIS'SS 1 1 1 1 SS»*» ‘ i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1- 1 1 134 53 9 94 58 S s? 1 1 1 s 553*3 i i iga - 1 '85 *3* 1 ggRI 13 ■3**5 3 *r 1,930 1,819 1,291 1 1 i «'8ias 168 172 3 181 i i ig* -1*11 33* <3 1,009 180 65 64 59 9,347 as»s» '?P> rTr-T 838 * H 4,633 4,535 15 465 355 129 Id 106 118 118 50 130 ***** 24 98 101 99 131 30 119 391 1,192 303 103 9 93 106 "83* i m 2,865 1,572 1,293 s m »as* 88333 200 200 115 659 196 5* 230 289 421 3*8 3 Sin ii 3 i» Iti ! 2,103 1,018 1,085 1 88*8* *3 £o? S* |8« 1 ISSS 4 1 'S8 1 IS S *mi 1 1 1 1 $ 1 * a 5 Iglgi oTh* h m 1 88*3 * IP HH* ss IS* l i^a ** 1 1 ! i *8 1 828 134 53 9 94 58 S&gatf 986*6 vrv cTt-i 1,957 1,008 949 s sasasas 353*3 5**53 5 1 'SS 145 42 3 5S*i la^ss g ggagg **§ H °<^ 3 I "» I^OJQ 8 3° *'*ari3 £ *8M£& 3”R | |rn| ^” a amm ass5®s O' O' 01 ggss&ss asss: ell 85*8» iHlNr ’d-as 3ag ' *s§ H S-ISS i °'p' ssr"'*' ass C*“ CM HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 145 1 1 II I III! 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 55 1 1” lH 1 M II I 1 I II 1 M I lllil nnw 1 1 1 l l 1 OH WP\ | lllil r 1 iiiii 1 11 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 Mil! Mill lllil 1 1 1 1 MM lllil Mill lilll 1 1 1 11 lllil lllil 1II11 iiiii 1 1 1 M 1 l 1 1 11 1 1 1 lllil 1 1 II 1 III! ^ II 1 M II II 1 *■ 1 11 1 lllil Mill I 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill IIM 23 1 IMI 1 1 II 1 ‘Mill " II 1 1 1 1 r i 1 11 11 1 1 Mill II II 1 III! 8 8X1'° S3 88 I"'* 38R£H s?r r 3 11 1 1 1 1 lllil II 1 I 1 Mil gg ISS IS 55 MS SfMS'0 5 11 11 1 1 lllil mm: MM ct£ ll M i Mill £ 11 II lllil II I M ! 11 11 i 1 Mill Mill 1 II 1 55 1 1 M 1 Mill 5 1 II 1 II II 1 1 II H L 1 1 1 11 i 1 Mill 11 m 1 II 1 1 38 1 i i ! 1 1 IS"?} 5 1 1 M R 1 II 1 H I! 1! 1 11 11 : 1 11 1 II ii 1 1 1 II II SS II II 1 1 isss fill! Sill! S 1 IS 1 1 II 1 M 1 lllil ! II II II II 1 1 III Mill '*"111 mm: 1 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill II 1 1 ““Mill II 1 II nnIM nil 1 I II 1 I lllil1. SS55 4,232 3,560 121 129 91 341 401 PRU 1 33**3 3**8 » ggEJIg EJ gSffSSS assss spaas 3SSS |Si$a»3 R8» n 292 401 143 45 330 3383* 393 '* £ 6**S»* ti^SSS ass i a 85SS 3,670 3’°i84 no 123 123 223 3Ri»> §S”*3 gS5^8 ggpip £ gSSgaS * 1 1 1 p 8**>* £8 1 | |83gi33 93 ‘®S i®3§ ! K33l» •as >3 £ 3*i 8** 1 MM 1 Mil II II 2,136 ns 192 61 88- II g IS?} 1 **33 1 sa 1 18 5 ss 1 11 1 Mill 1 II I l MM as 1*1 1* $ss l 1 a laa i sass 1 ^5 1 IS 3 M 11 i i 4,815 4,143 1ZI 129 91 341 401 S3**3 3**$' gg? IS £ gsa^ss ££885 88 15a ggssg 832 404 143 45 330 333s* s 8**3®* 7 4 3 2/ 2 4 SSm?} 1 Sco't jr- a r O C*\0 »A®« 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 !- !!' m O? H |S8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I till 55 131 1 1 * 1 1 1 1 a 33" 31 4 71 1 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 I 1 1 1 1 II 1 I 1 1 l 1 Mill 277 277 277 19 1 i 1 Mill! 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M II ?- !-!S 373 296 1,048 d 1 d §335*3 127 80 51 174 113 2,819 71 a 271 8 8SS to* 782 435 1,495 139 139 2,120 185 176 255 97 173 188 84 28 176 173 83 299 25 178 isgsass oToT IS»S» 8,154 6,039 2,848 413 1,078 487 870 £38 388838 202 76 50 216 196 102 283 40 208 2,n5 1,790 no 100 145 99 152 8 127 45 137 101 § H§ $33 §38 ^ VO* o' C^r-T'^ f^r-Ti-T 3,610 281 296 415 182 299 310 164 75 318 269 33*8 5,159 4,728 314 331 316 415 a sis <*M* 495 258 503 2,047 1,052 995 1! I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IMI 1,489 1,439 165 59 90 87 isgsg 2,697 2,165 1,354 159 its ooe TO I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 till 883**1* 18 IS 1 10,094 7,091 3,760 436 1,158 567 1,599 Ill H §385*3 127 80 51 174 113 76 117 31 218 <*€? i r pi §858*5 188 28 176 173 83 299 25 178 1883935 «*cf *5151 726 469 291 27 181 18 65 106 53 2j 53 c* c^nO>o »A>* v\ H «n c*“ O 257 212 10 11 9 9 14 “'asas 1,422 1,054 829 43 5*5 123 61 2 / 62 CM O tOOHCjH HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 147 CM i ii i i i I I 8 HH 1 II H 1 1 II 1 ^ 1 1-"* 1 1 II 1 1 1 r 1 iiiiii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i 1 1 1 IIIIII IIIII 1 1 1 11 : i 1 II II II II 1 iiiiii Mill l i i 1 1 i i 1 1 20 6 6 8 55 1 II II II 1 II 5 111 1 iiiiii 1 11 II 1 mi::: 1 1 a aai isa 1 M M II 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 II II II 1 iiiiii l 1 i 1 1 CM II M il 1 1 s ssnsa Mill as 1 1 1 1 1 llH 1 1 dill l iiiiii a i $3“ * 1 1: :: : 1 1 3 33**3 334 302 47 70 22 40 a 1 Id 1 1433 a iiiiii 19 26 38 23 § iiiii; IS 1,410 1 S 36 14 375 220 308 83 36 62 127 30 19 14 10 SSS 1 d IIIIII HIM 1 iiiiii 1 1 » 88 1 l » 1 1 II 1 I II II II 1 1 II II II II 1 IIIIII ii : 1 1 CM 1 1 II M 1 1 g oS MS 1 Mill 338 II 1 M 11“' II SMI 1 IIIIII urn i ! II 1 1 1 1 i i«> I&& psi? 351111* rrin II II § IIIIII is is i g M i I 1 1 1 1 3 33* |55I8 *8'«'»S I8» 1 1 5" 1 3 IIIIII 1 1 * 1 1 l iiiii: i 1 a m ' i*s 11111 II 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 I II II 1 IIIIII HIM 1 iiiiii 1 I 8 88 "S3 11111 1 II II 1 1 II 1 II 1 I II 1 IIIIII 130 240 249 90 273 sssasa Is3 | > 1 ' 1 ' 3,759 2-S 391 138 173 5NRi >538 1 1,450 144 110 47 116 103 3 SSIS35 SsJ 4,836 2,355 2,355 237 83 866 1,169 sa®"1 an is 'as' 1 § l&PSd in 114 106 183 71 181 325 60 36 21 29 66 as l |JS*89 58333 SgSISS 1 pa igs •3S* 933 83 77 59 89 280 239 578 191 764 431 81 56 36 116 1313 1 £332 1 1 3 13** § a IRII l 1 1 1 153353 38333 |3*»»3« dMgl •33* 8 799 35 47 21 16 a 12 8 IIIIII i 1 3.195 2,456 1,421 51 26 1.196 148 1,035 253 199 128 455 ggsaaa 1 a 11 1 1 i*ai 3 3 1 is 130 246 293 90 3 1 So | ajsag 33833 IJRRSS" 147 2 1 550 •835 § J33$39 157 295 11 285 127 543 268 36 19 16 67 Ss! 3 858*88 35598 o' oToT *T **«•* 888' 8 § ispsa “'ISSS a 33 5'*'*"' n 8 as*3** s***« saw 1 1 751 751 a 177 19 8 10 3 9 13 44 4 24 17 $ | 8S3333 ***** 43^“ 75. 75i a 58 5 11 11 7 TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1 937-38— Continued 148 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 li 17 jllllflil 1111111“ is r i i •S I 2 2 2 2 2 2 § Mill 1 1 1 1 l i 1 1 1 1 1 SS" 1 1 1 1 tail 1 1 1 Mill i 1 1 ^ r i 1 i i i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 s ii i 1 1 1 1111! 1 1 1 a °hIh I i IS 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § SSIS l l 1 1 1 1 1 1 dri 1 l M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a 33'5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : l 1 1 1 I H3 i 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a $838 77 114 132 132 1 1 1 485 485 65 20 16 8 37 91 159 35 54 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,577 1,007 947 89 716 3 § SS 1 1 1 1 86*" i a* 38** 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 * #* 1* ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S3 1 1 i 1 1 r m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 **'* I ! S 1 1 1 1 1 33 1 1 1 1 i »3‘" i : i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 869 062 056 369 970 239 478 IP 1 1 1 II 1 1 I 1 ! 59 465 283 1 1 1 c* «?o? 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 5,672 3,520 3,070 356 2,027 1 1 1 1 !! . 323 1,639 190 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § aa <§ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i gai m : ^r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 $$ 1 1 1 1 1 Hsr 1 1 1 **S*6 ! 31*5 1 1 1 411 161 250 |J835*3 58 819 220 144 143 50 » 1 l«5} 1 1 S 6,477 4,373 4,043 538 3,048 1 1 S pa jg85‘*8 3* >3 55 1 8SS IR- 5,575 3,923 3'§ 1,922 as 33* pi S*3***5 88*8 s as 5*i IS I 1 1 a as-- 639 1,397 1,240 1,240 7a 249 492 ‘ »83 159 40 78 23 119 300 53 TCI 06 5 m 3*5 1,907 *« 65 65 95 33 »8 S 1 1 a ii is i 1 1 3,862 2,978 2,409 231 1,630 38 38' r« 1 13 3S 1 63 216 97 S ISfHl CD* «?-** Cj" *3 1,006 918 88 388 ||835*3 118 1,392 220 438 3 Is! 8 1 l«3 1 |R | SB s§ 450 450 330 88 242 8|Sa»RS 55 1 '♦asra 1 S8SS. as saa 18 120 38 22 a i a e5i wjc3ic5l *°H 1“'°' ■lHW 3 »,a SS I 18 3 2/15 |*S 128 2/ai 32 12 8 4 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 149 1 1 R *■ 1 ! 1 Mill 33 |“'®?l 1 H 1 1 1 8 3 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 88" 1 is 1 I 5 § «A cf 1 1 1 II 1 II 38 >8 >83 s S*g | II II 1 1 1 3 8^^3838 '■2 1 1 1 8 8 1 1 i Mill 1 33 1 5 88R3 11 II 1 1 1 H 88*i "! 8* 8 1 ? H 8 S 833 ss'sss* 3 8*2 1 HVf H 8**3 3** 3 88**853 gs 3 l 1 a S>3 SS*'* W*m S 8*8 i ir i 838' 8>8 $ 88*288 « 33 1* 8 s 8 g'g II II 1 SSIglll rt 1 1 i i H* §§ l§ ii ii 1 1 1 1 || 13 M3 1 1 1" R a 8 O' 1 O' 1 >* II 1 1 1 33 IS i 1 1 1 1 1 i 2 58 >8 i ii i 1 1 1 l 88“ 1 ‘8 1 1 3K 8 cT 8 1 Ha §8£RK 1,016 725 2 287 240 136 s gag § w? 81*2 HH H §33“ §33 3 88 Jl 694 454 1,094 >3 i 1 3,053 1,560 1,262 183 78 105 Srt33R w**1 1 33 1 9,526 3,168 2,867 53 2,814 £3rt H W' ns. cn 81 38 5 2 3 rtR3 $333 3 3*H*i*a a § »»** £333 333 3 13 1 1 3 8 § 3^3 nO >*>* NvO 174 160 2/ 7 & 45 3°"" ! 2§°§ 0'>t»A 1 U'°" aat S'* 150 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 mil !■§! I — a a c S « - a II- §£ "S g ? ? SfST gTJflc |il|||is|§ is§3 fills H So" 5 3 5s III S|J s lrt , 1 I""* 1 1 1 1 1 cm O' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 S3 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 R HH ,H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S3 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 a CM CM 1 CM 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 s ! I'M 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 Pd Id snu mi K 1 © 1 1 M 1 3 1 r l a 1 1 1 CM £ drill mi d l © {r> H 1 I3RS 1 1 1 1 1 >* ■0 §3 13 dRSSSR O CM CO CM vOCMf*(^«n d 1 £ °"°S 1 95 100 30 4/ 38 cm 1 1 1 A SS8R sdds r lHd 1 1 i 1 u a 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 cm vn 3HH 1 srm rill £ l © I 1 8 1 1 149 1 s 1 1 1 1 jr®* 1 drill mi H 1 xa 1 IR II Irt 1 lH 1 1 1 j s sdd 1 O' CM C*“ <*> CM CM CM SRSdS0' 253 102 379 no 228 a l ** IRR 1 1 55 n* 8 H 1 i i R R - 517 102 119 151 68 rp 1 1 1 d £ 1 1 1 1 1 till! 1 1 1 1 1 ss is 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i 1 1 i 1 M 1 II 1 1 £ 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 Kfc IK 1 1 1 i i i i ; i 1 i 1 1 3 276 177 37 115 314 1 120 30 90 -S Mfe,cSIA £ • 1 gM“' i*- CM Sfiss i O' >t H a 1 1 1 1 1 1 33811 S 8 H rH M II 1 1 1 II 1 II »» lH 1 1 1 IR 1 1 II 1 1 1 '°SH3 1 l n IS 1 1 1 1 1 mi ii 1 1 11 1 1 II i II 1 M || 1 13 1 1 1 III 1 * MIM R|S9§ i 1 1"* l II 1 1 1 i* i ii IS 1 l 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 l >4TA 34g 1 1 cm* 1 II l 1 S8K3” •MSgR 1 II 1 1 i®* 1 1 1 1 gSjSSSg II 1 II 1 SS8»S*3 88 IB II M 1 8 1 i 1 1 3'a*1 II 1 14 1 1 1 1 1 SB8R* CA oT i ii 1 1 Slag- IK 1 I 1 113 11 § i irtfc i|3 1 i H MK 1 IK I i II 1 M 1 1 i l 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 10,912 1,517 9,886 1,517 118 — — 11 138 — S 1 §P | H CM l |K-*8 '“Mil l$£§ 1 ig M i ii ii i IMM -s 1 IS IMM 8S '88 H pT SI 14 1 I H O' J 1 1 1 II 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 II 1 II 1 18*9*8 H 8838 i*i d's BUB'S* dS 8>8&i H a»g** Rd® 1 1 H *S«d> IRJ 1 1 C*\ CM \0 O' 1 ^Sd® 1 « 1 1^8 p-§ i|S H 1 II H 1 BB'Ba §^S 1 1 S 1 *53 § i 1 1 1 1 1 1 KSRS!Q£ « 1° 1 1 1 383SS& tO H H 3SJ3S 1 oT ocT »A tJ | S}* CM H H H a ib* CM • § 1 i I 8Ri»| r-T r-TcT 8I&B8 rl CM H a® 00 NO §S38Sg %\^\\ SS 1 1 i Ri|S‘ II 5 II IK 14 , ISgrtS ‘SIRS 18 1 II 1 1 8 1 8 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 4,271 4,271 14 19 SIS*8* 1 M II Ig 1 S 1 M85P 1 .mm SIS 1 1 l H CM I K i II Ii 1 Mill! ggg 1»3 I sV ISSS 1 ^383“ H O H 18 1 8h h i-To? v£) HO f°\ sf 1 1 H C*- rl CM nO »A fd 00 00 on 8gS8£S H 35,004 34,649 298 885 120. 110 143 8 ' H ' vO H to 1 CM VQ CO CM 1 ^ CA O O CM O ctT oT R«*g» . 1 3H | SB * 1 c! SS ■ IMM K IS II . *a cm *a i cm no cm XX ^ • H Hr? Ml 00 CM CM Cr\ O H ladsM vO p CM H c5l -38'to' M)Q : »AO CM f»S i O' W} m-vfco vO m H O' n CM vO O t> rl 00 CM CM ^ rl rl H KdHS34 c3l to O 8 SciriH vfl^OiO A c* o -<*• mIm! SddK0' ^^§sa ^-3d5 nowo"ri •A CM O' CA rl H Ml IP vO CM | vO »A(»\ ^m! lA O' VO «A CM Kii -g i 3 al slaw* 1 C M C C 3 # «) O O-P 33115 §8S:“" S I ala; Ill If n 3B o o %4 .o'SS'3 II! |I lal|| C C C CxD OOO^O) U tin ad 5SS c a> uh 0) © tio © O 5 &33.S ‘S 13“ ae 6®I d I 2 Sf g-3 M “dtiSd | I _ i j id ‘ | 5 ti * X n o ■s s § ® i i^lti Si!?* llf-g 510^ o o 0) ; 0 bO-P rl £i?dtil otiSSS •h d 0 § r-T |s Is 8 - > o :=> ~ bD Q) to (0 05 -H © o O © > +5 -P .p dpi C c/3 31111 K^lls “■eII! sssgt 3EIH SSSSS id£££.£ 3 u U p K .. . 5 US iJSif *1*83 3„ o o o co jc •» o^h i-I «h ^■gSSt «£ * £ Ml. -8 53*1.- as. 11*31 “|»l3 at 5 3*3»3 "s 1 d°-§S“ fc3°4g 9ti 8 Hall Ssgi! I! 1 if • 1*6 fils T. w I 0,g3 °diSo ili rl *tfa* life “ Pis, *&*“ 8 3S bSd Illll | |S *ii d * • ti S’ & °e<§d nil ||l ^ © CO to § t« -o © *o 11111 I i I I 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o i VA | I § 3 P R I I I I 1 a i ‘8 w i o co mItJ 0) B 152 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 153 1 1" | i . 1 1 1 " 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 .1 1 illlli 1 1 ** 1 I - 1 I i 1 1 r i : i 1 S l 1 S l 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 o O' O' IS M 11 1 Illlli 1 1 iiiili; 1 ii 1 1 i ; i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 8 p M 1 II 1 1 illlli 1 1 11 1 it 1 1 1 II ! 1 1 ! 1 i ! 1 1 1 111*1 i I 1 1 1 1 s § 8 I I 1 1 1 1 I II 1 1 1 1 1 1 -- 1 M 1 1 1 1 Ii- i ; i i " ! i 1 1115 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 8 8 II 1 II 1 I 11 1 1 II 1 I “'“'Mill llllH 9 11 31 SRSRd 1 £ 1 3 1 H H 1 1 1 1 1 I P 167 16 34 36 35 22 8 Illlli I 1 338 85 | | 3 32 195 H .H 1 I 1 1 8 oT 1,625 1,488 5338P5 8 Illlli 1 1 is"“s 1 1 IS33S l 1 i Mill Mill 1 I 1 1 I 1 » § 8 Illlli 1 Illlli 1 1 11 1 SI 1 1 Mill 1 l 1 1 1 ! 1 I 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 3 3 1 I M I 1 I Illlli 1 1 11 1 11 1 1 1 M r 1 »3' 1 1 18 1 1 1 13" 1 1 1 5 | a oT 2,151 124 338 456 408 549 9 Illlli 1 I P3!*MI Mill »9> iiii : 3 1,840 88 1 1 1 1 7,667 a vO * 1,005 91 177 188 172 227 s r- 1 Illlli 1 1 ggIRM 1 Mill i i 1 rill II 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 s 9 Illlli i illlli 1 I HH 1 113 1 1 1 1 -1 — i ! 1 S'* 1 1 1 1 1 1 P 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 a a Illlli i Illlli 1 1 “°° 1 n 1 1 1 M" ra 187 141 502 163 133 1 88^ 1 1 1 1 215 181 34 6,798 a 2,773 Illlli i 791 123 63 no 153 74 Sg 333*883 360 255 160 272 220 54 SOI 299 218 125 no 14 473 I I 1 SS" s to 8 sT § Illlli l 88*333 833*3 1 1 ■s»aa 126 160 144 111 234 67 79S LZ 09 iZ no 80 30 9,230 I v£) 4,155 1,077 92 148 217 187 263 g £8*33* H ss 2,827 2,751 162 77 280 77 212 39353 406 351 380 3383 > 110 47 2,854 38 8 IS $ IS 4 8 S 3 I asiaag oT * §3-1319 176 368 *88*388 358 650 468 460 590 53 234 15 823 17 383 226 146 80 146 146 a 939993 oT 3 3 IS 1! 1 I 1 604 604 264 178 8 II ! 1 883 1 1 i 1 1 M"8i 58 | 1 1 1 3,437 3,351 2,907 364 41 33 77 a 129 3 8 1 8 1 II 1 I l I 1 11 1 1 II 1 asa 187 144 502 262 133 408 384 24 215 181 34 12,475 8,950 800*9 2,151 124 338 456 408 549 s 791 123 63 no . 153 74 83 185 3,525 3,367 119 77 413 200 600 360 255 161 273 220 258 201 299 222 125 no 17 2,369 36 89 1 95 63 32 17,594 II 1,005 91 177 188 172 227 » §9*333 ®3 |H*S > 1 ‘3393 3*5 “^53 IS-* 1 27 13 2/14 17 12 5 s s 8 180 20 31 33 30 37 R 57 7 9 5 13 5 VOCJ * 1 h°3 338 22 21 6 18 22 2 9 152 6 ““ | 0">* 1,726 1,201 800 *T 110 12 15 23 19 22 O' -3 2/ Not reduced to full-time basis. - figures for 1935-36. TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEG 154 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 i"lll I l I I I I I I I l l I I I i l ! I I 1 i I I I I i 1 1 1 1 1 r i i i ! I I I I I I i I l iiiii I II 1 i 1 1 i ° s° rr ill i i ! i ii ii 1 1 i i * i i i i Ml! 1 ! 1 1 3 33 r r 1 ! I II 1 I It II 1 M 1 133 i i IS ! 1 1 1 1 I 2 3S3SSg IMIS: iiiii; Mil! Mill 3S» 1 MM III! ! i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ! g 8 3R£ 15 SR* Mill! Mill 1 1 * NW I01 1 1 M i II 1 1 II II 1 I! 1 I ^ 3^ 13 1 I II 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 I II 1 1 1 1 !53 ! i ri as H 1 1 | §g ISIS Mill! Mill! 3 3 SIS3P i 'S3 S3 1 ■ """ mum 3 33 3 Mill IMI I 1 1 ! S hSTIh III ll M 1 1 1 M II 1 IIIII 1111 i 1 1 1 s as ns 1 11 1 1 11 1 1 Mill! •S" 1 1$ ! 1 1 1 1 » | SKS*!jS 1 1 S3**® 3 i£"s 287 584 44 1 1 1 « Misggaga 3 3 3 •I*!} 120 362 33 ?! “ !|J9«9*aRSi.93^SSad99 9 1 §* 1 § 287 1,066 185 184 59 S 1 S£8S§g4 3£ftgg£MI assSs > 3 33 3 3 3 IIS II Mil i i i » 13 113 1! £2111 ! 1 i ■ § SS^IS SSgS IS 1 13 S3I3I £ 13S3I 1 ®§°' 1 158 33 3 i *«S388S8S*3S*&SaS**®S 3 33 3 3 107 370 25 146 448 287 584 191 186 S3 i 2/ 19 67 13 lw S . 3 1 2 3|h*SS *33 33'°°'”“ 33^” 5 ”£!332 RSI1' 3 33 H 3 3 £§3*381 533 53m'0 3dc~3'°S HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 155 1 1 lH-* 1 i 1 1 t t 1 n H : III! : : i 1 1 i ; : 1 1 i : i 1 1 1 .0 27 2 i 2 4 2 4 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 M 1 mmm 1 1 j | 38 II 11^ ““Mill H 1 l | 1 1 i 1 it i II 1 1 i : i i ; 1 1 1 “ h” 1“ 1 II II 1 Mill', 1 1 88 M | 11 'if 1 i II i 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i : 1 1 ; g $3 15 Mill! I 1 i MIMI 1 1 "SIMM i 1 i 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 : i : 1 1 1 1 1 280 163 163 163 : 1 1 M 1 i M I 1 n7 117 10 sasa i : : 1 1 i : i a es«*ti S3'**8® 135 7 48 IIIMl 1 1 Rl| SSI — 5 8 1*5 III! : : i 1 1 1 cT s r MMM 1 1 1,551 1,551 56 42 12 5 13 33 jj 5 ,11111! Mil IMI i : : 1 1 ; no uo no no : 1 1 iiim: 1 1 II II 1 1 1 1 '! 1 1 1 i 1 1 I 1 1 : i Ml! i : i 1 1 1 K Rglg II 1 M 1 1 1 1 i: m m l 1 19 19 15 Q> MINI! MIS 1 M ! : i : 1 1 1 6,586 608 3,fl9 627 263 677 682 602 £33 IIIMl 1 1 2,05? 2,059 25 191 IKI lillil 1 Mil Mil i ; i i : i | !-!'! !3'sss 533 17 IIIMl 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IMI IIM ! 1 1 1 1 : g aa is mn, i : i II II l l 1 1 88 1 i i-i 1 "1 111:11'. Mil 1 i i ! 1 1 1 i : i g aa ,3 ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 II 1 l 1 M 1 1 1 "1 53® 7,619 1,962 921 213 708 g II II 1 9' 1 790 56 39 378 75 47 S3 IF"* 2 40 42 313 rR« 213 Ml jjjovto 1 m 2 1 M 1 1 2 1 1 1,451 104 60 876 in 58 2* ip" '5 U7 45 43 47 S IS 10,266 5,1*0- 1,776 181 1,595 1,930 336 105 375 430. 402 192 59 30 1,395 95 71 771 117 65 8* m 1 i3s 497 105 54 ’22 24,684 12,653 6’S! 5,583 4,885 779 216 755 778 1,749 no 99 li8 105 18 12,031 9,592 605 433 512 134 202 3»a> MMM 1 : 1 10,472 7,406 1,426 161 1,265 5,945 1,300 1,129 725 659 Sn 1 1 II 1 1 3,066 2,781 66 407 62 ar»i3* SH3 1 llilli : ; i ! m 1,928 349 316 255 r<§ 88 1 II 1 1 1 1,415 1,337 43 U5 19 638 31 52 178 88 61 14,618 6,639 1,679 213 1,466 4,170 627 263 677 682 602 1,016 145 158 790 56 39 378 75 47 S3 7,979 5,804 267 25 191 78 9fii"”a 362 3 55 61 213 1 1 H Sis 451 104 60 876 U1 58 25 8339a*9 H 8 - c? 1— 1 S3 39*®—* 3 14 2/19 12 97 13 2j 2 30 6 n 7 2/15 13 1,116 468 173 x 17 156 223 36 n 47 30 5^8 glass'0 H 333 1 IS" 102 4 8 7 6 21 24 8 2/U 10 OHvO n*C^H ? gs-2 223 34 12 45 38 34 STS 72 7 6 32 6 5 C“ O' 1,679 1,495 32 23 18 3‘ it i\ TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEG 156 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 1 1 1 JH |rw lH 1 1 ^ | CM CM 1 1 1 1 1 i Mill 3 3 3 1 ~2 1 1 1 iiii ; : i r i . H 1 1 ; i : i n 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 i 1 III!! ! i r i 12 11 1 1 s ; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III l II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 IS 1 IS 1 1 Mill', Mill nr ""i r 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ik i i ° i 1 i i i i : i Mill IMS RR“'03 ^ |H i^asa i w ■r 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill MISSRI^ 46 17 20 62 183 18 32 23 i i 1 1 1 1 Mill ills 38*8 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 : : i 1 1 i '.ill 1 i 1 ! 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 s as i"” i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i S 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill Mid ddSdS £ 13 ‘’'S 1 1 1 S0' ig ' i 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mi II I 1,155 783 333 1 i» 209 85 152 203 874 41 ' H* : : i 1 1 1 Mill 1,968 i;S 300 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i i ISI 1 & 1 1 i : 1 1 1 1 II II 1 1 II R 88 I 1 1 ! 1 1 l 1 i i ‘I5 ' '•Mill Mill M i s ss las 1 i 1 ! Ij§§§ 1 1 895 95 364 643 128 2,175 45 247 110 81 29 176 98 jl'SS S§*$ 1 1 : • i m 546 137 474 720 312 274 ^3 IS 13 3K8 Id e gs»a “ 1 1 s‘ 739 80 196 615 125 183 1,775 49 143 18 67 96 39 153 17 130 110 735 53 165 1,794 1,661 1,235 184 ft 212 439 263 466 33 207 227 H'* 5«3'S3 ^s1 SMS a 333$ oT h" 3 ,?C* HH 1 ! i II 131 1 1 12 ® & MIS 70 152 iii§§3i"3 h" i : i R 1 M 1 1 1 |8- p-' III" 1 1 | IP § §§a§| 1 1 2/1 42 8 13 1 " 8 93 1 2 215 3 25 16 10 5 2/20 9 •TV NO O' f— 1 27 2/ 24 9 20 27 21 2/ 17 40 440 20 20 X'no'X | ^ oil 3 35 9 2/ 3 8 88*5* HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 157 l 1 i 1 1 : i 1 1 vO vO | vO | | j | . 1 1 1 25 25 2 3 1 sun 1 1? 1 ! 1 I i i 1 i i : i 1 1 « 1 1 1 1 i M i Mill!1. i iiii 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 3 33 IS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 i ii 1 1 1 1 I l 1 1 1 1 1 I in1. 1 1 $ ill1.: I 1 1 333 I I 1 1 1 1 : i ; 1 1 1 1 i : i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a 117 117 3 114 1 1 1 ^OWO | . j | i i i r III 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 ««« i 1 i a 88*3 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ft 1 i 22 22 9 13 1 1 1,191 £S8§ gsass 1 1 1 IS3«|* 553 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 Mil 1 1 3 35 15 1 1 1 i 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i : i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ill! 1 1 5 ftft is i i : : i 1 1 1 Mill iiii"' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a 8 1 s-gi § 1 S c*\ !!-'!- ?-*s*5 : 1 1 888 h n i igS« 13 1 a 1 1 1 s s 1 198 198 198 1 1 8 8s ig 33SSS -v?oT oT h* i : i sar' > '■ 1 cvo3 l»l 5 1 1 1 HHH ! i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 £ 55 15 1 1 1 1 1 : i : 855 1 | 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l i III! 1 as '8 1 1 1 1 ! : 1 1 aaa i i i i iiii: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i a £££ i * & oT 1,168 1,078 337 741' 90 39 51 1,614 1,540 294 68 109 125 336 163 32 128 187 98 1 I i 3 202 202 86 116 1 1 8 1,840 1,741 450 1,291 &ftS 1,687 3,591 373 99 126 312 3*8 1 1 813 1 £53 * 3 s 133 101 53 48 1 £ 5* 3,098 1,677 1,022 176 358 183 305 131 55 76 sr5*1 i » 115 96 8 a 8 a 116 116 116 1 1 1898 o?c? -o“ c? 170 82 88 335 P §** | 3 1 a s s » 1 1 1 R 1 8 -f H cT : 1 1 919 909 481 6 105 106 5 109 S'0?? 3 MIS 1 in « till 1 1 1,891 1,358 116 836 406 58 148 87 113 i 1 1 533 492 246 1 88 3^3 I I 3 "i l a a a m* 8 ft 6,616 4,375 2,816 337 2,479 1,469 250 497 284 438 g&ft aipsaa 163 32 234 187 3 £38 £ * s § §!iC3 i i 1 15s! &ft$ aa.aaaia 3*8 §5 190 136 114 5 £3S SI a vO s 43 10 9 1 £ €*\ i ass| s—ss u> o* 149 141 16 5 12 16 19 e'"'R* 1 313 H C~ o. >n -h s 3 s VO rl g gSIRSS ,>C- 1 “IS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 SS“ 353 940 518 a 1 1 1 ^ 1 1 1 422 289 133 2,502 419 1 in i*i i 2,083 1,793 14 391 88 » i » 15 a 1 £ 1 1 1 i? 1 i 393 244 97 52 *S*I c-'mT as s H a 160 105 55 1,021 779 674 105 SS»S B H a 730 116 110 133 205 2 458 302 76 80 3,927 3,475 24 114 m 1,762 542 348 194 a 276 133 133 16,559 5,090 1,911 *8331* § §33 ! r a s s n 1 1111 1 1 ’ ?• 1 998 195 279 187 S III! B,a » g g g $ 8 . 1 1 1 1 1,592 387 3 339 23 25 34 S 1 1 1 1 53" 480 1,420 998 a 454 276 178 422 422 289 133 5.155 2,743 2*269 275 379 492 534 3 227 138 31 58 if* 741 4,082 1,360 1,271 89 72 17 2,722 2,722 2’£o2 mas* 3 - H* 953 8 110 257 213 S 393 244 97 52 11,219 10,495 78 * 3 » S'*'* 1 43 26 17 409 L85 to S3"* f5| sa a 3 12 7 5 1,477 227 si in 7 8 18 16 20 3 25 12 5 8 1,250 1,210 12 2 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 159 him a* i iH vO «AO| | 1 1 1 1 1 CM CV JHH 1 1 1 1 1 1 § 1 1 1 1 1 1 ill 1 1 i 1 1 1 Hill 1 H 1 1 1 '.111 1 in1. 1 I I 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 i 3 i i 1 i i i hi i 1 1 1 i 1 ^ 1 i 1 1 as 1 1 i till i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i § 1 1 i 1 1 i III s 1 1 1 Si H 1 i i 1 iH i 1 1 III! i 1 1 1 1 rr IS 1 1 1 i 1 1 8 g^ssai SSI liilli ”iiis 3a r i sir i 1 1 1 1 SR 0, ,» : : 1 i i 1 0 sa-R * ' 0? 55 i lillll 1 rt 1 i I ig i 1 1 I3S3 3 1 1 : i SS R IS 8RR i 1 1 3 58**8* rT cTc? r-T ****** 63 24 4 57 asiss agss 4 Sill RSS #R®“ 1 1 i 3 *5S*I » oT c7 r-T SSP i II 1 1 i "Mill rni 1 1 r 1 1111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 S §8 |» 1 1 S3 1 I***** fcl I IS »3 1 * * 1 ^ I III! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 NO | 5*i** 1 SS 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 ami 1*111 *3** 2 1 1 1 1 83 *"3 i 1 1 i SSia 1 » 1 SIRS ** S*5 $3* 32 1 i- sr 1 p*if giK22a ss | 1 | i£ 1 1 1 *E3* ® lssS 55 _T 8“8 ag§ 88* * 800051 888 033318 *'3*S nfi'.ww c«l !-f« I8III isr H i °",3 * s'38 *3' §£ sss *§<§ § 3*8811 £sa 8**33® C?H~ ;J 35! £H» 3R3 0"0A4 0 HOV(\ ms is £ II 11 l ! IS i 1 i ! 1 1 1 1 l|l II 1 1 l 1 MM 18 Ml 1 S 8 - 1 1 185 Mill 1 II II i : 1 1 : Mill IMS! 1 1 MSI 200 135 34 117 " I I 1 W'CO 1 1 1 II II 1 1 II 1 1 S3” l i 1 i 1 1® 14 360 1,092 6,810 4 51 11*11 O' 9 SMI 06 214 1,540 39 9 144 298 S IS M P H CVfA(A !383l 127 206 254 115 222 15,988 615 2,478 980 158 1,192 i u? -4H 3,310 1,070 2,437 147 st 193 101 884 352 1 1 ft i 1 c- rH 142 2 1 1 ! : i i i IS i 1 1 188 ! 1 1 1 S » : i i i iii0*: IP 1 1 11 1 » -4 1 1 1 r\0' “Mill 1 list 1 1 •* 1 1 } him 714 109 1 1 1 O' CO III H 1 i i 18 isri S3 1 1 1 i**| IMIS 1 III! 208 166 347 182 240 1,983 2,114 Kllil 1 IK ! 1 l 1 1 m 1,216 75 310 i 1 IS 1 722 710 1 1 If i 4,984 317 193 171 l i IKS 235 1,517 363 1 773 2,116 660 158 202 1 II II 52 140 439 105 § 1 CjJ 1 cl 329 317 54 774 721 90 450 1 69 190 135 31 1,953 145 228 77 252 1,709 55 1 1 O' r- «4 1 MrtEJ 359 83 16 104 57 3 S3 | | gg |g$ 182 127 237 201 i i mrn 1 'SSS rtH" H c- r-T 8 '2 8 ! 232 402 279 r\4) iP vO* 3 H g 1 ^*cm 1 rj CM ^ CM vO »A CA'O 1 1 5 i S S 1 5?” 1 * !8§l s l i 1 i 1 IMS 412 101 1,367 86 5 67 354 478 83 11 3 ill! 236 279 48 HIM 54 4,304 i 8 1 ?f § 1 IMS 1,224 129 1 iPo O' H 1 S IP?} 8 CM D 1 1 1 CM 1 | | s till 208 16 174 347 182 240 2,092 8 14 360 1,092 11,916 71 a l* i ! $ (5 69 606 1 SoP? O' CM 753 2,510 59 CO 9 1,686 891 1,223 75 310 g Fd K r>vo 345 1,026 1,258 127 919 206 254 115 222 25,733 1,031 2,982 980 374 1,392 '4 230 442 235 5,027 1,546 3,944 264 O' 193 101 777 2,908 1,288 1 3,3 | 0 142 2 17 2/ 7 3 29 2/ 36 18 23 2/ 16 27 16 142 2/ 13 5 60 1 3 ?} 2/ 4 63 3 14 2/ 33 27 34 54 2/124 2 1 3 2/ 77 2/ 82 151 2 1 2/ 45 1 >o ^ O' r-j O' 1 - 2/11 19 6 43 2/ 16 2/301 21 8 1,153 105 2/ 14 98 96 35 133 c*\ OA >4 CO O' 26 221 2/ 22 90 27 £ O' NOOrlN H ‘ACO CM> CM <*\ H H "751 123 il 85° £ Sps & ttr > o to -.MS' 11 1 1!_ , IS Jl • m S t £ £ Isis" ilas* ►j < •* •k. © © d © nbo MjS -P © © © T] 3 ton gj|g " Hill > "X S S H &£ 00 © © 33 « £> 1 s' . ® ¥ s s JM © *!* | ii •3 OH |h! fi* !*a 82 © H H ft© g |||| I3i3 iergraduate, graduate and special. 2/ Not reduced to full-time basis. 2/ Figures for 1935-3& 8/ In th is and several other schools of the same type the enrollment of regular college students only has lsed. Students enrolled for Individual lessons have been reported elsewhere. TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1937- 162 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 1 i I i 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ' 1 « 1 1 1 23 6 6 6 6 Oi >* 1 >o 1 II II 1 till ■ 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 l UMTV I | i ! i l 1 i 1 i 1 ! ! ! ! 1 i ! 1 I 1 1 .-1 11 1 1 3 1 1 1 l» 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l l 1 1 III1.1. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 33 1 1 I i i I ! ; i 1 1 1 g rtrt 1 1 ; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 RS 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 33 1 1 55 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 33 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i a gg&s 297 403 138 130 64 71 1 68s?* ? II 1 ! i I 1 i 1 2,000 ] 968 846 53 21 asssn iiii 1 1,032 3 1,031 18 II 1 111 I I I 1 I a 33 1 1 s 1 1 '• 1 -* 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 St 881 1 | » 1 1 H 1 H 1 1 Ilil 1 | | 32 » i " ' i 1 4,180 3,509 232 157 sk » PH o? H 1 671 211 1 1 i : i i 1 1 1 4,502 3,835 2,896 506 2,097 293 1 33535 I 667 667 si 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 §| ! 1 is 1 1 1 1 : 1 111; 1 33 1 1 ii : 1 1 1 1 : 1 464 277 277 ig 1 1 1 1 1 I ill! 1 1 1 1 3 35 § If3 ‘5 1,930 3 6,734 4,771 203 314 II R5 1 I4S 1 10,067 2,851 2,748 25 169 2,554 1 1 II 1 1 IIII § 7,216 5,322 164 $ 69 31 9,561 3,703 2,491 271 153 3? 652 757 227 335 75 120 362 29 182 151 R 5,858 3,450 156 105 H iS Ifi5^ 3 3s | gn || | gs$aa ph 3 13,076 9,703 346 305 11 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 11,494 6,444 : 2,330 486 334 g 35333 oTh" h 1 5,050 : 4,385 331 ii r,ii!.: i 1 1 5 IP * S3Re» 3*3* 1 1,923 1,848 36 148 125 599 a 91 115 31 3 118 43 13,628 6,161 2,835 202 261 *3 1,930 2,578 543 1,023 545 467 703 40 337 326 »TV ■4 7,467 5,044 203 314 1^ $5 I I3& 1 '• ‘ S 85J8 H >A C'vO cTr\ iH | 35555 § 8,050 6,156 164 3" l H a 47 21 1,096 428 273 15 11 8* H 668 398 2/ 10 15 1 16 46 8 2/ 4 5 9 13 4 2,037 1,104 961 59 14 532 297 59 114 42 37 20 15 23 4 10 9 NO HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 163 H !» 1 1 I H CIH I 1 1 I 1 " 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l I 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 * "«■' 1"' 1 I 1 I 1 1 III 1 1" ! ! i 1 ! iiii: ill! 1 1 1 1 1 1 i I 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 m 1 H hh ih mm 111 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 111!! ; : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 ** " " 1 ** 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mi i is 1 1 1 1 ! iiii: iiii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 . . j 0 . iiii; i;| i IS 1 1 1 J 1 1 ! 1 1 1 iiiw I 1 1 1 1 1 1 IIII! 1 1 i 1 1 11119 1 1 1 1 1 1 III 8ia 14 63 60 22 31 25 38 27 112 56 18 55 45 3 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mils i 1 1 IS 440 S 1 ISS 3S3 1 1 13 2 27 185 1 I II I 1 1 III! Mill 11115 1 1 1 l 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 IIII i IIII 1 1 IIII I 1 1 1 1 I iiii'0 i Miii; mi 1 iH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IIII i 1 1 1 1 1 1 iiii: 1 I 1 1 1 MISS “S3 1 M II 1 1 Ml SIS 1 19 11 III! 1 1 £ 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 iiii : III! I iiii 3 5838 $*5885 1 1 ■ na Mill ami 2 8 121 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III! 1 iiii 5. 5$$3 3*5535 l!i Orf (VH 1 1 1 1 1 1 ill!1. IIII i 1 IIII 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I I I II l 5 55^3 I 1 SI II II 1 "5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n i III** i 1 1 1 1 1 I Mill Mill II 1 1 § l 1 1 1 II III rg 120 336 287 125 197 97 238 166 560 362 126 252 295 > 1,963 132 49 176 119 51 87 179 224 128 157 202 90 70 1398 | S'" 1 19 1 2& 1,758 S' ift! 278 216 115 l 1,894 148 56 229 170 18 180 180 405 31 150 56 57 115 99 1,791 1,621 1,038 376 662 108 30 78 475 151 324 215 118 102 134 174 95 179 97 193 120 76 122 125 270 C" 3 2,261 ' 80 68 56 229 146 44 300 377 98 106 91 148 81 72 88 28 115 134 2,759 2,632 1,074 554 520 1,086 80 220 157 346 283 472 132 340 HT 671 3,316 435 326 306 325 399 439 532 362 225 330 436 950 § 2,913 130 96 378 251 67 266 624 159 150 202 144 117 3’gi JSSSS ijpSSSSSSg 230 25 1,638 68 116 21 104 297 348 128 1 iH 181 , 33 Mill HSU S"»8 8£I5 8«83S8 ' ■ 1 « H rt H 2 39 102 1,000 8" isw 1 | l irtg O' * I 1 1*1 1 I 1 1 1 Mill iii° 5aiiaa***p3 »»'« r§ 120 336 310 125 197 97 238 166 560 362 126 324 295 1 1,963 132 49 176 119 **553 157 202 90 70 gg§35 £35383 5*3 , 227 672 2,441 315 224 224 216 115 99 8 177 976 1 I *3*85 18 180 180 405 31 |g 3"* |$|53 335535 833 jj "* 1-1 rH g 5 9 8 47 29 X 6 27/2 OT K ^3 1333 9 17 11 24 11 2/ 21 1 27 9 12 M3” | £g!X3 gSSiQRS r5 RSPW' 339* ” 162 2 30 3 12 17 5 8 9 18 2 1 16 1 6 11 0 TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1 937-1 164 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 § jillffiig mm* I « ^ r,H lH"' I N I W I''** I j j °v C~ j j ,nO j |H j CMC* | , , J j I S i I IS I Ih I HH I I I I , I K "sM || 1 ! 1 I 1 I § gg Mill * $ 8*3833 85* 8*®***' « i 5*3*8*355 is****® C? rf oToT I | gr!S“ S$S %% I i ! i ! I I gasiga ^ggi 1 1 1 ! ! i SsssMaasssie*'* oT ri C? oT ^ i i ssssssssas*1**** «f E? - ---- I § £Mrf§R '•BdSSI I ! I 1 I ti g rs^ I ! ! I I 8 § 5*3*8! SS8 88**83 » % « 33“ § s S58SS3 8S* 85*33* • 5 5 838*38 « 88 *8838* 1 £ «T H t»V" 3 8 I88 8888S9I S ^HoToTor^ or? cTtt > 3 |88S|8 888 RRiS*3 1 ‘ 8 |£3*»S *83 $£«***' 8 5 8*8*4?[ 88.8 88*883* {£ ON HHs*H c^H«Nn^ § 3 8S8S38 888 S8*25*p $ $ ho'h '“> | »8»R»i8 888838 8 11 1 11 111 § 111 1 1 1 1 1 g i» i ig 1 1 i : i : i 1 1 : ill! 1 £ 3£ Ig I IS I I I I I I I III 58*5* | ||SR}38 ‘ » * '• 1 ! 1 tip* r3* 1 min 1,1,11 1 a i*3® * gI3Sp3 839*3* 8 || I a* | |SS|IR||8|3S* R3»I 5 8§88>S8 |j|88S£R 111 | ||§8>§8 |R88Siasn 53*5* 3 3838833 838838 § ^ 3 J«? rT »-T or ^ i-T ||rt3* | 8S8|‘8§3533a§ 3 53*3 133 I 3 I^R O rH VNnO g g$Sg®*S 8 £“ 3 sassss rt g" TABLE 18.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND D 166 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Mil s a mini I I 8*35* a*88* iiii® I ! I I i '.nil 8*33* 3*85* »T\ VTk f CM i nil i i ii i i ii ; i i i i lH 1 1 iH 1 1 II t 1 1 ! i 1 1 l i I'll a 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 i i i i i 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i II II II II 1 1! 1111 1 1 1 1 1 1 a aa1^ i till II 1 1 1 1 s 1 1 1 1 1 1 MMirr mm I I II Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n mm. si St&ctS" I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 Irt 3£ II II 577 413 413 163 227 23 Mil i 1 i 1 Mil ggR |K|S! Mil S ***** II II 1 1 1 1 1 Mil RR 1 1 II 1 R ! 1 1 1 1 a 89*** IMI 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 11 »» 1 1 11 1 R 1 II 1 1 3 33“s 1 lilt 1 1 I 1 l II II 39* '9**83 1111 2,949 2,676 2,055 1,157 659 239 9**9 till! Mil Rg3 Ifcg;* 3S Mil 4,951 4,440 4,217 2,570 1,398 249 : : 1 1 1 1 II 1 £R ! 1 1 M 13 till d 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 XX II 11“' Id Mil 113 Id 101 53 48 1 1 1 1 175 32 113 68 43 56 202 35 ^88*913*8 33 13 277 52 140 203 74 49 45 38 1,072 1,023 229 315 102 291 49 49 3,461 1,192 1,027 395 632 165 85 80 56 131 104 60 1,220 1,095 108 194 50 234 150 359 125 40 63 22 4,327 2,736 2,183 1,260 923 8*113 'S3 79 439 57 |88i8‘S 5891**8 ||||5 9858 : ; 1 1 1 IMI 2* ‘"I I IIP *3IS 1 1 IS 1 Mil ^3 1 I33S III! 978 777 287 456 34 111 11 81 19 175 32 113 68 43 56 202 35 83S*Sa* r« 8*** E 88888 89*9 HH « 277 52 140 203 74 49 45 286 38 ||9‘8S8 88 55,1 ! IIP r Cr\ CM C"V H Rs^Sd 13 "‘K 333” wl 362 191 113 72 3! 78 15 44 19 16 2 7 26 2 -4- o ->* RS 353IH HH aa* 816 544 513 330 139 44 31 9 14 8 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 167 ssH^ i i i M ^ M 1 III 1 1 g 1 1 1 1 1 1 ii Mill Mil ggPVO,n I'0 IIIII ^ llllill Mill 1 III 1 1 a ^ « ii ii ii II 11 1 III 1 3* M 1 * 1 IIIII 1 iiiii1.: 1 1 1 II 1 III I 1 3 * 8 i : i M i 1 I 1 II 1 11 I gg 1 1 l I I * M 11 1 ii ii i II 1 *’* 1 I III 1 1 449 58 » i ii i ii I II 1 1 1 I II gg 1 I ISS * 1 I II 1 iiiiiii 1 1 1 1 1 1 III 1 1 I I 934 166 3 1 1 ii ii lllll 1 II 1 S3 M 1 i a S 1 1 M I ar**!* Mass 3 III 1 1 1 I 5 5 3 1,028 32 83 52 18 68 30 282 55 29 62 33K£ agSSSSS SagsM £ gga$ IdS S48£S £ 1 1 1 ! I 1 1 # Ei “i ^ r- rH 8 639 : 9 57 47 17 53 19 112 36 29 56 £&££ ns g ii is a IIIIIII 1 II M 1 III 1 1 I 1 5 s s l I i SI 1 II II 1 II I I SSI II II I>liM 1 M II 11 I IIIII 1 III 1 1 I 1 8 8 3 1 I I II 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 88 1 1 1 M rt II 1 3 1 e*i '*■» s! ! 1 * ” a** ^ a | s mu 3533 g8j' 1 |H S' SS' I I IS •“Mill HH I I I I $8853 ' |J8S'* 85 >8** !!'ss' KS! IS! SUP Ills 535551* 8S88‘** c?oT gSSSS 13 $1111 3 i 111*1 I ! II 12! I ! '*383 8 1 i*338 3 1 3*338 8 6*135 I I M 15 I 1IIIS I **553 3 i : i i : i i i i 3*S I i^s* * SSS *** gss 3** — i II! Sh I §** S«3 Ml £g I 332 SMS 1 1 1 j*bs*6 3 3 3 Mill1. i s s «iini H a * | I I II M a 8 8 8 1 1 1 '« 1 ’• | | 8 s/sssS is i 13 i S I I i I I I 35533 3333i|i i 1 '5 5J iiiii i 1 1 1 p iH i ss : i 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 ss rrs it Min im^S5353 '556 1 3 as" ii!>‘ ' i ! i 3388 • 'I » i ' ! ' 8 p33*S 3333 8853835 s«*i 3 as sH 533383 R" * - - 38.333 3338 38 >88 8385 > § H * 55 H ” 3 8 8 8 ' 8383 S5535 8588 66*** 'S 3' 85 * 1 N H n I>V | | I 8J36** 3**5 Ig**' 18 S' < i > ' | 3 | 333356 88853 8353 3) sIrr* rSss 3333335 1888* 3 | 8 8 5/83*6 § 3 S c? 1 1 s sr**** 3sssa aa3S^3S‘"§ Si » i* 8 ss S833“ 3SRS SS'°°'5S°' RSRSM *■ w SSSRR *a$R§gx33S4E: 22' «?w? 168 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 3"§ 1 1 s§g-a 2 - III ■3*1 S § 2 r i- lii gif ilii=tl|sis 111 111 is la 1 1 M vD^O WM> ^ I i""* uwt~ | | | 1 l |H 1-tH^O, Mill 1 1 !s Mill Mill 1 11 1 l Mill Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1111 i 1 1 I- 1 01 1 1. j 1 1 1 i 1 l 1 1 II 1 1 •* 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rm 1 1 a 1 H | llH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 Mill Mill 1 I s 1 1 CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r- j | 1 o 1 IS01" ^ 1 I'M M 1 H 1 m 1 1 o> 120 190 6 14 IS33 1 1 5! 1 R | mil 143 IS FI IK M H i»© 1 1 4 1 00 § |SKR 139 40 78 77 122 l ^ O' D- vO | * 1 nO C^- CO o I Jjsc-svo 317 163 200 313 89 61 127 282 mv no 52 55 91 76 136 73 30 Mill P4 a© 1,717 33 233 257 827 475 898 1 cR f3 c\ c- ^ O' 445 199 185 2L7 429 347 SSI 1 1 §1 120 737 108 181 12 49 i|lPl 1 O Oj 1 | 158" 18^111 1 1 1 1 1 C" 1 NO 1 05 9 211 71 1 £3 3 1 1 1 1 i 8P3 1 I 1 1 1 3 1 1 » 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 »© 190 143 425 ZLO 1 IS4 1 1 issra s i» i* eo -* <*\ i i -o © © i 1 CM 1 S) 1 1,226 26 1,075 187 132 R 1 8g>?5 425 266 1,908 324 94 SJi'S' i$isa ISrISM 15 eo 2/ 36 2/ 45 7 6 | »n 1 Oi cn 1 NO O I H rl 15 r i 45 26 1 29 2/ 27 32 a/1 H H S 01 l 2/ 38 c* NO CO C- CO H O' ^rl rl ^ Si CQ O' O'vO *A -Sf cj 51 3 2/250 35 116 cm w S'™ 4“ 5S545 In IQrI1™ 2/ 7 23 •> * ■& | Id m-s a OH O. M H S’ - HO § HH •> O M g ■ • 2 o Sh5 2 g ejs falsi ii fci gj S) 1i C -Sill lias! as.- .-S ".-“I £ ® S? o)r^ •» S> *ipl all S3 13-°* s»2ss 3»pi II !al 3 a S3 ilfu tm * a ££ 8 3 -p *2 c cd 86 £ OT > HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 169 H CM CM 1 1 1 irr Mill 1 1 — 3 12 14 ^ M 11 m 1 II i ' I I | | 1 1 rj 1 1 1 CO I H I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 '«* 1 1 | 1 1 ! 1 1 1 II 18 1 i 1 co 1 P II II 1 IS M iH3 1 MSI 222 5 1 1 i 49 20 92 329 1 I ol $ G> CM sa 38 35 PIS' S' 29 65 707 CM > H 792 142 55 98 1 1 1 1 1 1 U 1 1 1 H 5 £ 1 li 1 1 1 1 II 1 IP vO 1 266 13 *1111 1 1 1 2,477 1 1,771 298 gill! *13 40 4,515 S 18 4,969 58 3,765 1 1 1 1 1 11 a 1 1 1 OT 1 £1111 1" 1 1 1 MS 1 MSI S 1 113 iH I ‘S&3* 1 i^S 1 1,305 252 307 186 489 261 1 155 1,200 88© 18 57 144 77 127 99 167 1,795 1 16 89 1,368 © oj H 243 492 380 371 300 696 8,372 l 18 270 9,718 548 525 275 512 » >a 19*13 l 1,279 150 1 r 1 3* 1 ^ 1 35 895 1,221 167 89 iH 1 371 124 349 ,190 1 IRSS rH t> a»&5' " 1 ill Ml" II III Mil I I I I II H I I I I I I " I I . I I i IMS SMSSS l I I 33K II I i I Mill III 18 I I I ill Milk III I £ I I I III Ilia •IIS 1113 I ! I £o IMS I I I I i I I I I I I I i r vO 3 1 S3 1 £ li»l I S»I R lag i £©£ gs£i*ai 1 $11!! Ill 8 I I I I " 1 I vonoor* r* i cm 3 R33£,'° oT §§R !S 1 ! VM • 1 1 i p v£) -J 1118 1118 Si?£ 8 H vC >s*i S3S | I I I | i*i I a"” I >S*S i i1 'SR c5if3i i$3 P” £ 5n ££5 3*3 3£3 I : I 1 tfa 22 153 if <§ gal •§ &lil3 1 •>» •H © t* © •» E Ml) M>» © © -P ”3333 If £3 dh I §&g 1 £ g| o «> m 31. £23 .a I ® c “&3 33 . 35.* I? !£S §3 g 23 _ . IS gil Is 3,33,353 & > -3 -h 0^0 o c oil t-< q •> ►g&ta 333°’3?l 55 5 53 SI I J 5 33°- CO CO CO CO CO CO W E- H E-< E-* tD ■3 ‘ ' ‘ £ m £3 ® nv, 3? o~3 a! 3 to O © o o 3 $£ .*5 5 3 °S° 4erJ ©®soc □ -P -P Z) © &S S3 I 33333 £ ® a 1 1 £-2 *3 3 a 53 ^ g 3 § S a £ 1 S-0 “ 21 g 3 o 3 -p Q §2 &£ pill I g 23 £ 5 3 " ! | j * I ill I I till * I I I I C\ O CM CO O C" rH OT H iH $ " M I £ SIS I § P^S § 8 I 1 I H K!S 3 £ 18 g CM O OH §8 R „ >3 3 f. §m$ * 8 SSS £ CO CM CM *TV do Sfl O § |3# ?MS 3 ^ £ 5 & ® s a II 5 - ffS § OT I 3 i I 3 ” I I I I I I 3 R $ H a t» V\ H 5 £ s 4 a I I I °* 8 $ 5 a s 1 8 I a 1 8 § I p si# a iH CO CM O' r-j S $ £ s ^ P ^ S a a 8 d sal 11 331 1 ! 88 I I 1 PPI II olc^l S'7'-1 H rjO'Oi co~j S8S H III I ! ill II SI I "tt CM (N) g ! ! Sg SSI I HH 991 1 S31 1 S*j? 1 1 ©&§ «! §>otR 3& C^HI> >4 13 ris r ©r1 ^ 1 a 3 3 11 a §35 lilP SW 254432 0—41 - 12 n/ Negro. i/lmdergraduate, graduate and special- 2/ Not reduced to f’ull-ttme basis. Figures for 1935-36. 4/ Uegree 1’igures for I9T7'. TABLE 1 8.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND D 170 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 is Is 2 Ilf flit* - Is - 5 ? * a 2 si 1 ^ 1 ' H * i rr ^ i ; i i \n" 1 1 1 cn in cm 1 i i 1 1 1 1 II 1 i 1 S3 i 1 1 1 i ! II ! 1 1 i I i i I II 1 l I l l 1 1 1 1 1 ; 1 III1. 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 S3 I 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III! 1 I 1 i 1 i ! 1 1 1 i 1 5 R Rill 1 1 S'* l l iH l 1 1 * 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 i 1 MINI 1 i 1 S3 » Hill 1 i 2 1 *-*■ 1 1 r i 11*11 1 i lH 1 1 i II 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 o> £ Rl*l »T1 1 Sg SSRRS-R 54 a 70 60 69 i»“ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 £ 1,020 ITV Sr H3S 1 1 ''Hap 1 1 1 II 1 1 II l i 1 2 3 5 1 1 1 i , 5 | »» | | (» | Mill till i 1 1 l 1 1 l 1 S 1 i 1 2 2 Sill 1 1 » 1 •• | 1 i“ 1 i 1 1 1 i till 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 i 1 1 1 2 P 537 119 § 185 199 118 90 S3 1 1 1 1 till «0°R 1 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 1 2 ! 2,749 1,667 178 a 1 3‘ 53"1 ifil 1 1 1 » n s 21 3 18 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 i I8l't'#lllli iru llil 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 !Q Sill i i 3 1 S3 1 1 1 1 1 i r 1 1 nr 1 ! 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 : = 5,779 2,056 202 s >9Ri 1 1 1 g£P2s?2 81 IS 06 2 4,460 1,982 1*675 § 990 460 2,478 1,938 106 124 176 546 «sai 1 1 : 540 10 240 26 40 22 333 O § 2,373 681 122 S 363 451 555 2,235 1,618 98 93 99 42 102 9SS33 SSPSPR 223 CO R H« !-!S ' § 1 367 390 329 25 337 480 22 I II8S12 H 239 80 28 | 1,547 167 181 § 325 444 1,398 1,204 252 284 #33 *1*18 Ig IP 1 1 1 3 ip 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1,311 * 1 31 §§x}xirti w It} 13 1X19 i 1 1 H Id 1 1 1 i 1 1 IQ R von s's* oT : SI 38995*8 ^51^ H* «*«? I9R» gsa 2£P23t£ g33 7,388 3h s 990 1,170 2,633 2,072 106 124 90 5 180 553 »sa$ 21 3 18 540 10 240 26 40 22 £33 5 212 81 6 2/ 4 Si | ?}£ Ml | C'* H 15 11 4 MAC*\ - 3 650 318 26 2/ 77 £ P PX gj§R33r-°v 21 15 43 9 2/ 10 3®"' HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 171 3 HH | H | 1 1 ! ill 1 11 111 i i Mil 1 S | j - 15 ~ 15 3 - 5 7 II 1 II II 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 | 33 ii" 1 1 HH 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 a w ~ 1 01 1111 1 1 8^11111 Mill '•4 -4 H | Cf\ i Nil 1 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 1 1 § $3 1$ 1 1 1 1 1 1 200 29 IS l 1 1 27 27 27 3 4 20 i Nil 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 191 57 57 57 1 1 33 1 II 1 i 1 3 1 1 1 244 136 102 45 57 3 INI 108 108 29 24 14 17 24 1 1 1 1 1 1 furs-si sa^sa 8 S3 a 1 1 1 1 §§&3d3S 1 II 1 l a 35*8 8*** 3 3 1 898 866 2 16 9 35 11 §8333 1 II ill i 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i iii: £ II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 8 II II 1 1 Mill 14 14 14 10 4 i INI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 £ 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 II INN 1,147 1*147 305 215 1 89 387 150 119 118 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ii 1 1 5,243 4,175 1,270 1,270 2,721 606 528 766 n a 1,068 347 140 3 “INI 1,590 1,590 1,178 665 333 180 3 168 46 44 78 II 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 si ! SSI 58*9 a a 1,198 1,082 56 4 72 Si'" 13 13 13 1 12 i 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 251 112 112 112 1 1 §§11111 IS 1 1 1 $ £3 3 1 8 i II 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 g SSIS Mil 1 1 33 1 1 " 1 IS I II 1,268 325 320 106 14 200 i "H 943 715 224 167 100 98 126 228 33 56 71 68 s $338 mi M? 1 1 5,353 4,086 80 165 254 *8*88 5 H i tf U I 933 863 218 177 162 18 70 27 15 28 a ‘ 1 1 1 1 1 5,154 4,491 113 170 208 156 183 144 128 116 2,289 W 776 448 £ a 400. 130 139 132 786 603 206 99 89 109 100 183 48 39 36 60 6,344 2,119 937 221 716 1,087 167 275 230 3 s 8|»*S3 1 5 !?- i g# ISS5 | ||S| |ES8 1,106 g Igisas* 1,659 1,346 272 100 172 446 79 86 281 513 378 82 98 31 125 42 135 71 47 17 1 5» r- § 1 3,081 1,319 55 120 agaa 1 * S‘5 £ 68 12 19 37 ggRSl^RS * I lHP' 2,782 1,497 939 102 837 558 122 160 149 5 1 1° 1” 1 8333 1 i ? ™ $333 943 715 224 167 100 98 126 33 56 71 68 11,722 4,942 2,037 352 1,685 528 766 8 a m ssr *>*4 82 265 28 190 . 107 a sg 192 8 78 138 11,856 5,215 3,441 379 3,062 1,650 330 368 431 a a 88*5S8P 418 215 144 128 116 a s,°* £ K»S8 ass 3 3“ 3 32 3 12 9 793 285 181 7 174 94 21 29 24 8 s 8S-83I 5 13 2 12 8 S aa <2- 3 £33“ 108 93 22 19 16 22 g 3*«* H 3 3 1,023 879 3 13 16 22 2/15 84333 2/ Not reduced to f uU-time baaia - 2 / Figures for 1935-36'. TABLE 1 8.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEG 172 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 1 1* r 1 1 r s 1“ i 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 lH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 O' CO 00 || 1 1 1 i i i i 1 1 i "III"' 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R {Q8 265 523 109 5858* 3 § 1,054 251 199 223 43 53 216 69 53,743 37,416 24,827 4,926 952 a** H MRS ! 188*' 1 § H 133 36 40 19 11 R" i g s£ 33 8 s- £££ 1 1 i rs i 67 119 29 1 5 73 28 27 10 I i001 i 13,821 11,232 6,790 1,762 164 393 240 187 184 449 78 130 116 213 111 127 287 283 438 O' H 944 1,267 139 139 83 200 31 75 30 164 47 359 28,878 17,751 9,925 371 145 159 239 160 369 226 151 22 336 *888§ ° § 663 117 149 107 38 22 1 I 1 §* 751 vOtOO^Oj 751 751 393 13 75i 75i 3 33'°“3'° 7* 10 6 10 9 57 1,672 1,056 648 308 14 aasaa 2 / 57 14 2/11 32 5 16 21 2/36 48 2/353 3 86 18 9 8 4 2/ 9 10 3 10 5 10 3 ^ 3* r* oTrT HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 173 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 00 j | j | j | 1 1 | | 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 Mill 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 II j | | | | 1 1 1 ; 1 30 1 30 - 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 IQ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 111 1 I 1 1 1 Mill I 1 1 1 1 l 1 **11111 1 1*33 is} 338*^1 H H 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ssrni i i* ix IS 53 33 I" 1 n 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 33‘*ial 49 151 126 461 241 140 529 1,802 359 540 208 224 167 101 203 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SS«R‘5* HH 10 75 64 257 25 910 778 179 187 115 99 65 3S 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 I 1,345 1,345 44 25 3 302 28 1 1 1 13 1 | £8&*:3,n rl S'0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 sled 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 ^$3*^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 t KG » “ “ »s"S 517 4,697 757 1,316 519 805 480 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 §8 1 l«§R Hr-T ,a"! i| §*§$as SI 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3,393 3,393 30 982 11 1 ISPS i* 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I g§i-m 1 18 18 i§ 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 231*1*1 533 216 485 2,571 807 S3 1 1 1 1 1 1 cT i i 5&s*sa cT 99 54 173 93 403 226 189 127 295 185 45 94 207 69 93 113 47 9,974 8,291 319 118 272 93a *5 I 1 1 1 1 1 i i 4,072 181 49 74 43 56 117 43 191 129 742 312 309 173 856 177 §§as ‘S3 244 317 269 896 1,086 88 §33838 aa 4,633 259 47 103 48 94 150 54 224 139 740 368 338 206 879 191 sssss a* aga*‘M £> »n *Mg §§ gsess *53 96 138 83 ' i*8§ 'SgsS r? 161 332 151 S‘ 53381 £3 sV " 454 644 570 1,176 968 8| 3Wf g 1 3 23 12 45 36 112 62 48 20 103 103 107 53 5,645 5,058 181 90 381 266 90 3,388 3,550 882 1,029 428 525 283 g 18313 lipid os VTi 2,589 2,295 101 68 272 70 asaas sa saasas 216 607 2,987 174 71 64 40 106 99 54 173 93 403 226 189 127 295 185 45 94 207 69 93 113 67 11,127 9,444 319 127 3 1,263 289 163 459 540 2,188 §8 C-- c? H S3 4,087 181 49 74 43 56 117 43 191 129 742 312 309 173 856 177 26 79 152 81 97 136 64 ds h- 6 35 25 107 49 10 94 253 46 54 23 43 33 33 4 3 10 8 27 9 6 4 12 7 O f^C*\ m CO 616 500 22 4 2/ 73 7 7 65 38 46 126 £ 308 56 75 36 52 32 S3 234 11 5 5 7 8 »n »n vw CO 1,043 892 28 20 *5 l'0 lH l il : i i i i ii “'INI II l lH I I II *■1*11 I I I5SS5 I I £ I I I II II S I I I I II I I I I I II £1111 II i i a i i ii 1 1-' 1 1 ii ‘358* «S ‘»saa as 'S'sd i*33i >S°§S gsas* »s 13383 35 75) "2/ Wot reduced To fulltime basia. - 2/ Figures for 1935-3^ 1 8.— FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1 937-38— Continued 174 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 175 w\ 1 1 i 1 1 i i III! 1 1 1 1 lllli Illil I 1 H NO 1 i Ml, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 a i i III! 1 1 1 1 Mill I 1 1 O' pH i 00 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 ii 1 1 aa i a 1 1 1 a $3?a i till 17 17 17 1 S a a i 1 1 1 — i - 1 i i 5 5553 i 1 1 1 1 asrH 1 I 3 3 iiii ssas i la 8 9985 i 1 1 1 1 ggg i h 1 8 3 3 Mil?? isaa i 16 16 16 4 12 i 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ot oi CM i 1 1 1 i ii i i ii S 3 a «M *** nNHH § 103 432 ||8*H So 5 h" 8 3 3**« 89*93** § m 5 198 136 173 2,037 2,037 1,941 87 9 l £> * 8 |^is^p§j —i i i i s sm 1 1 1 a i a i i i : 1 1 • 8 pr 11 '8 i*i 1 1 1 1 * SSRSSSRi" 1 ®8 SSK 1 1 9 5 $883* ‘8 938 asi i i I> p>[»> h“ 3 I 3§33*53 858 jpgs 8 5 58 ‘58 11 388 VO* oT C? I i p5SIS lrt| J§S>^ I £ 3S3**18 I|S 3ss?s H HH 3|||SS8S§ I«a 88858 J 9 | gia»f3 8|3 »»i 1 1 | ” 5 a S ggS^SSiS IsM PS??« 3 *<^1 ^icvi g 3!mr58“i ot 176 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 177 vO OICMtM | Mil 1 1 1 J J 1 l„ j 1 1 1 m ; i 1 1 1 1 1 II i M 1 i 1 i i 1 1 ! min 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 M 1 1 i ; i I i ii ii i 74 67 67 3 64 Mil i 1 1 ***■ m iH 1 !HH I Mill! 3 3? St S3 III! i 1 1 68 68 1 67 i i i 1 : i ii ii .,107 969 802 180 622 167 57 76 34 1 1 1 ssssi-s i i m m i 1,695 1 1,387 1,264 368 896 1 1 1 ass i ii m ii 2 33** 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 m i i i M i i i I : i : i m 1 ftg*S III! 1 1 1 ii 1 1 i i i 1 ! i l ! 1 i Ii 1 2,985 2,649 454 1,536 345 557 634 i 1 1 R8i3‘pl *■ I i st 1 1 1 M 1 7,077 6,687 5,799 1,809 3,990 222 317 349 RRigai ! 3 i : 1 1 i i 1 il S 55»3 i 1 i 1 1 1 i 56 56 9 5 17 i^S 1 i i i i M 517 409 409 35 374 Ml! 1 1 1 108 108 10 76 3 i i i 1 M 1 6,365 4,453 3,615 RR 1 i st§ct 1,912 1,483 270 49 a Sps 1 §3R£ IS 6,578 4,112 3,938 918 3,020 PS 1 1 SSP §§33*83 238 313 110 1 gggpsta 7,403 5,365 4,243 1,278 2,965 964 209 230 525 S3 St 2,038 1,450 235 -291 13 240 115 1 §3*^0 it R58? « SpT'S 2,036 549 717 770 Z17 103 114 Se3«*Sa o'oT 476 547 238 £ 33*8*3 ! IP! 1 1 i SSSglSR P IP a ii i i i i ! IP! 1 1 : 8335'** R IP i 1 M I 1 1 1 W& 1,593 402 557 634 stSct 2,304 1,784 279 217 417 211 M2 st 5— « is 1 8» £p*lt ssp H *§RR*33 302 317 125 i pgp25ts SPSS C-CV VN SS0' 1 sss 19 20 12 a 16 1 2 6 3 1,232 850 763 336 2/427 8P*P w>CM r> «T2? RP5 H 82 9 5 18 36 5 - 12 - 2 2 2 I i i i ii i i ii i i O, CMOI | | | « ii ii ii R RR M IR ii is i i st stst II 1 st i : ii ii § 333**3 R 33*5®8 178 32 33 40 39 2D R RR i IIP 1 11 1 i 1 P PP II IP 1 Ii II 1 2,494 2,494 990 653 337 3R8333 2,440 2,440 1,317 240 1,077 1*156 235 360 149 131 3 PP I IIP II M M R RR MIS mm.:: 3,748 261 185 425 493 Mill! 3 RRIS33 ii i i i i 3,7a 2,787 1,769 532 151 302 784 104 ao 183 135 83 § Si 1 Rift o? oT R3838R oT 3,119 1,593 843 90 ai 449 H 2,061 1,695 1,050 15 63 674 3*333* r sR335* *T p%r? 3a 485 163 161 a ggftaa* vO* W>(*> oT H R SS**33 3 SgPPRS gSRrtSa 3 4 I I SI i I I 1 a a § S> 2 s a i i i i i i i ! I I I I S a § « i 1 s a 2 2>ot reduced to full-time baaia. - iTW^tor T935-3£ 1 8. — FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND DEGREES, 1937- 178 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 10 10 5 3 i : i 1 1 3 " " 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 2 2 | V\CV i : i : i 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 ! 17 16 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , , 1 1H ! ill! 1 1 1 1 1 i I I 3 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 S3 1 1 jvovo 1 1 ; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 159 130 130 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 RR 1 1 lHS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 ni 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SR SR"' 1 ism ^3353^ 5 £ i : i i 1 1 l ! 1 1 2,263 1,608 1,546 1,214 1,090 508 $£35383 KS38K 1 1 aa»*'s* gg5*l*3 1 ! i 1 1 I 1 1 i 1 1 ! 1 a § § Mini 1 1 1 1 1 1 j j i i i It 1 1 1- 1 1 I i i i 1 I 5 a a I i i i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 33 1 1 1 3 1 ! 1 I 1 1 ! 1 1 i 1 1 ! 1 6,583 5,903 1,143 g£g§3s 215 525 403 476 255 s SI 1 1 38 616 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 ! i 1 1 1 s a 3 to vO* 3,407 344 345 417 353 263 3 2,112 2,112 55 31 2,272 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 8 8 1 1 1 1 ! 1 i 1 1 ii i 1 pH pH 1 "S H II 1 i 1 1 S 1 i i ; 1 1 906 717 717 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ii m 1 189 189 3 ISP pH 2,301 1,464 176 205 633 187 827 539 68 200 20 8 § S -V? tv r? i I I I i 1 i i i i i 1 2,174 2,174 260 209 314 437 1,732 1,192 62 193 155 299 199 a I 3 3- 1 1 1 1 i 1 i i i i i 1 aaas tv- tv- 327 713 § 378 300 43 35 7,372 5,140 2,527 2,613 300 304 397 312 186 mas 1 SI® «aa *>8 & 1,182 722 1° § g g a" s' s' Siam 4,081 3,914 583 565 55 767 863 717 80 132 287 94 0 3” IS 8,823 6,965 : 2,432 : 4,533 389 351 1,106 478 306 asm 1 sr 1 1§ E* SS2 I'0 3,827 3,487 2,120 1,367 91 85 261 106 104 »S»88 1 340 340 9 8 827 539 68 200 20 a a a 3 - - 4,074 274 397 829 437 263 215 525 403 476 255 1 asas oi 354 1,212 1,732 1AL2 193 155 299 199 a 540 183 325 32 a a i sama VO" H »- aaaaa 3 858S1 R31 CO C'N pH 2/ 9 9 789 555 191 cotv3S\Svcv SSPRiQ £ 234 227 15 11 159 114 8 30 10 23 18 » 45 10 3 2/ 21 11 1,603 1,019 731 256 17 28 43 20 20 cJcJotivoF a "*a HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 179 H llH 1 Mill " 1 II 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 11 1 11 1 1 1 11 11 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 II II 1 II 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 1 o> 11 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 IS 1 1 11 11 8 11 11 12 55 3 74 10 1 15 o' 1 01 1 m 1 1 8 1 11 1 a ia i i HO? IRS 28 21 1 1 1 1 11 2 Mill II 1 II 1 1 ” 1 1 11 1 11 1 1 Mill II II 1 1 1 H 1 11 1 1 H 1 .11 1 II II 1 II II 1 1 I P 8 1 11 1 * 11 1 1 1 IS IS II ? II 111 14 1 1 1 11 § 4,049 122 1,696 2,231 I II II II II 1 1 1 1 1 11 11 a II 1 1 Mill II 1 II 1 1 1 1 11 11 8 II II R8»*| *31*1 1 1 1 I 11 1 1 c** A II 1 1 at ip 1 1 123 112 42 239 40 277 109 1 C** d IMI sasgi PR ISp 3*1 a 8R8S S 1 8S«R* 185 s PR3 1 8 4,049 122 1,696 2,231 II ISI II 1 II °* 1 3 II II S 1 1 M Mill 1 II II 8 1 1 1 1 II I 8 88 1 I *S»«» ^S!0l 1 IS g II 1 1 8 1111 at is: IS S338* 277 220 15 1 2*38 1,315 4,049 122 1,696 2,231 '"a-'S 1 ^ 1 IS 1 1 IS e*- 1 II 1 s 1 II 1 4 2/ 8 13 18 15 22 5 46 21 7 1 42 15 14 2/13 S I s I •- I £ «k g $5 - I ! 1 2 s I ! 1 i ai I TABLE 19.— STUDENTS AND DEGREES IN PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, 1937-38 Publicly controlled professional schools. (Only teachers colleges having professional work other than In education are Hated below, 180 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 !l i S i-g »•§ A I if £•§ 'll AS ij 4 if w-§ I © ’*[ jl s.g ht =>585 |» 1 1 §38 3 111“' 3l ^ 1 ^Sl3l3l S 1 38:* 3 ^sisi IS 133 8 M 18 51 SlSl 5l ^ 3 NISI i 53 1 SF* ® °o 1 £ § 1 lgg£ 51113 ^ Hi 1 ^131 >o P\8 p>s S^aisi 1 8 1 5rS 8fJ® 1 8 § Sll 3 « i ig i * 3 £ ° 1 mil 1 1 8 1 1 3 1 II 1 3 ri M ms i £1111 H 1 1 II 1 II M 1 1 1 is ii i "IN 55 1 1 II H $ MR 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 ms 1 I | CM 1 1 mil I CM 1 1 I 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 C*\ IMIS rH 1 1 1 I C*\ 1 1 1 i i i mil 1 MM S 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 Mil I III **" ' 1 1 1 1 H 8 1 113 1 1 1 1 <*> " "S i i i 1 1 1 Mill 18® 1 1 5 1 1 II (Mill £l&" 8 1 1 1 1 S 18 IK IMIS 1 1 1 IIS 1 1 •88" 1" I' 1 Mil 1 Sl§" «hm a'a-'s mi* 1 1 1 1 15 155 M3 1 1 rl mu & 18 IS 1 3 IS 1 1 £ M II SS5 1 £ 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 IS 13 N H >33" 3 1 1 II iH g i m §1111 85® IS H H rH •mg 1 1 1 | pi O H CM ^8 15 1 15 MR 1 MS 1 1 8 1 158 1^1" 15 MS £ IS IS 1 1 1 197 179 12 123 S3 IS t 15 I3R 1 Mg: 1 1 V 'H Mill 's'SS g !g IS 1 1 1 150 78 7 41 l£8R 1 53 18 1 ER32S 1 CM $ng* £5111 ^R3g IMIS 3 'I 933 747 101 388 i 5g3 1 8£S8 1 O' H H 333s! 1 CM sj i*g PS? 3 1 1 ' «3»* CM I O * 1 125 182 75 S55 1 1 1 1 183 S l£SR 1 H HHrl § 1355 1 1 1 5^9 8gJ£§ £5£ 18 15 1 485 719 22 225 £S8 1 1 H C^-n* oT 1 1 IS§ £ MgR 1 J'gRi 1 l££P 38 '§3 sa^'i 181 1 1 ! 1 1 115 1! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 15 11 5 1 1 1 1 1 1“ 1 1 II IIS 1 1 1 Mill IISII 1 1 1 II 1 1 I 1 II 3 1 h 1 1 Mill 1 IS 1 1 IMIS 1 1 1 i ism i 138 1 1 £ 1 | II §I|M! 3'S" r» | CM CM® O' 1 C'V CM 88 118 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1,233 36 IRS 1 1 '•ten CM mil 5 IS M oT H s'gsa 33 1 IK 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 IS MS “SSS I cm 18 IS 1 8 1 55 555 1 8 MsM H rH 1 3 " 1 M 1 18 £S£ 1 ° 1 1 1 !S Mg 83£g 1 IS IS 1 g Mgg 1 1 1 >H mil M 1 ! S 5S3 1 1 1 O . . a . :|ji 1^32 1! ill 33 333 t: i^s :33 •g-S33 ° 0^00^ 3S2|| •H > > O O m3 3 o o S3 OH 3 « si • rto° S Si *9 © -3 -h O -P g © HtH hi-rj lllil e°JI3 iliv lilt «3j O » © sSll^ 11 o o on £ $ 8 - J *rj © • «j - w -P coal n 4 n n nr © «3 ai -p a *d h *a ^»C©co ||5?3 SfSMgS S3 $Txl ill si® fffll ;7& gij SI >3 S33, oil ala 55h ^C0©0 3 © rH I.S&3& Is5 C n rf WH H © C ‘ “ ‘ ^ s J> C -p > Li £ f-l F > > O ^ t* Zj E? ^ O n j> > -H *H 5 5 > P > ® P 2 slug suss* iIIeI mil nsll iisis m HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 181 ii'V'i 1 IP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ISSd'0 Pd^S 1 ^$9 1 I'OO'O' 1 H «A 3)315) 18 1^? ^ 8)^ d§ 1 88 d^d 1 ^3) & $8|d| vO O'O'CV >A SI »S! 1 'S'l 1 Igdl mlSl IMIS SI ipsss i?S38i 1 | v^rnco wn 11 11' R 8SS8 1 a »S) 18 “8 I'0 1 1 1 S3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IPS II 1 MSI 1 1 “ 1 H 8 1 1 IS 8 1 IS 1 ”3 111 1* Ss1*1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 Idd 1 j | | n | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l^1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 MSI Mil 1 Id 18 1 1 1 1 1 31 1 '8 II p II 9' Id 1 II 1 1 1 Pd II 1 1 1 II 1 lg l§ 1 1 1 1*131 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 II II 1 1 II 1 1 1*1 'a 1 1313 1 1 IS r— 1 1 II II 1 1 ^ »8 1 ! ! 1 1 1 P 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 IP 1 IS IIP MS IS 1115 1 1 1 II 1 609 368 1,109 36 78 1 1 1 £ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ISMS 1 MSI •S' '8 1 Ip'S 1 1 id 1 Midi 13 “S1*5 1 183 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ISMS 1 1 IS 1 153 Id Id MS dill 1 8 118 1 IS 83 'S3 1 ISg 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 IS lid H 1 1 Igl ISMS 3" 1 1 s' 1*1 § 1 IP 1 IS 1* IS'0 1 1“ 1 1 1 1 1 1 *■ 1 IS II 1 1 1 SR 1* 1* 1 gnu 85 1 I 8 18 118 g 1 '§ 1 'g ISI^a II ” II 1 1 1 1 5 1 IS M 1 1 I8d 131*1 § 1 lid SSI 1 3 ISI Id 101 460 35 337 59 7 165 1 ps ssjsas 1 Igl* P 13 IS 1 1 IgS »*®ss 3"8* dss 1 1 383 1 1 P|H*S|^'8S E&3SS 1 lg IIS ri S^'8 1 1 IgS e? *S*3S H HH Sl,f P8§l 1 Hd" 1* 1 IRg 1 MNP 1^'- PIMP SSS88 gill 0 dusg 925 3,406 2,315 403 74 485 "T 1 ' 1 igssgig H S' l&P S33S3 88 '38 I'll H rH gd 1 8 g IP 18 1 1 1 H 1 1 ltd 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II II 1 MSI 1 11 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 II 1 II 1 1 1 IP IS M 1 1 1 IS 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 Igl 1 11 1 1 11 1 11 1 II 1 1 II 1 1 1 15 l^ddd 1 IS§I 1 l~*l 1 ISS ! i 8 1 118 *5*33 3P lid dd 1 1 1 8 1 1 S3 176 1,085 435 289 34 8 1 l*S 1 Hh» 1 18 1 1 IPd 1 1 Oi <0 oT R 1 IdS aassR cT S$dS§ rfr* 8d'°§ S3' 1 1 3 M8d h H 84 118 74 101 IS Id0' 8 is 1 1 1 1 1 18 8 IP II 1 1 lo? 1 1 1 1 3 1 * 11 gd 58 d 1 d IS II 5 isa 13 •S'l* S'S1 1 MM3 3'*1 1 1 ' 'SI M lg 1 gi 'BS 3§P< 5 131 IS 172-173. TABLE 19 - STUEENTS AND DEGREES IN PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, 1937-38 - Continued Publicly controlled professional schools. (Only teachers colleges having professional work other than in education 182 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 & si * it to I © sg. i | “•§ n si n it .?!, it & *1 a! Vi 15 I pH $] Si 3§ I § I £|S] Pi °' \ \ \ \ II I I SS Bp 1 £ jjiiii §115 1 3 1111 §1111 £1111 SUM O' £> 1 VTt O oo^ i 3 3 3 a? 5 sasai I1|5h I O a © © 3 15 1 Irt ?d ^ Si 1111“ R l0'^ §1 sl sm 67/ 39 58/ 6 1 5^ 1 IP 13 1 IS § I5g§ IgR 1 3l si §1 si ^reS sisi £11111 INN 1 1 IS3 1^11 SI" 1 1 1 1 I ! 1 1 ! - 118 - 138 - 224 15 11 1 1 1 1 120 Id 1 If 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IIP 1 § 1 ISM 1 IlSItt Mill. MSI PS 1 1 1 1 IIS 1 £ II 1 1 1 I**' 33 1 n 1 IMIS 1 1 1 l£ I C- r^vO 1 cncn 723 95 12 1 1 Mg 1 II IP 1^3 1 IS* 1 1 £ 1 13 1 1 “33 1 l££^ "Ran 292 85 82 25 93 326 171 549 83 £558 1 1 IMIS S£ ISjR 1 ££P H §*aa 1 1 212 147 ,258 533 ,470 IgRS r\ h H H rT 149 202 62 18 ^PIR£ I8£S£ H H 1 1 So I3S IS£P8i m r> vo H c*\ r^c^v 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 II 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IP II 1 1 1 II H 1 1 1 1 £££ 1 1 1 1 1 1 IP IS 1 IP 1 1 1 1 £££ 1 1 1 c\ v> i9"a( II 1 1 H 1 1 Scv 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SS cv H 1 1 gp 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 £S3 1 l3Pg © C . . &§&»' ® -e ® fc . •§ iliSi! oo^bxiS !>. ® T3 SSSS ® I U t, (0 t. Mi 3 SMS ° O *H O O >» °^°SS ssTj* s W H 0) ® h Pt P © O © H tO tutu OJOJU ill V HI W nif i giiii* mil g a s alt il:sj SjIH a g 3 x &|o I I I -s s s s a s a I ® 1 99 LH" 71 3a 8 g § B ijf-8 !%- S QH I ■3 ■S&f 1 la 1 1 ;i« * O 301 • ^ H -P vO Ph £ “If So ■ ^fg-uslf h _ *2 © *g .© •■* ‘S' UM %. 35 ■S-g 11 8 3 !i| 111 ilf i-Si gs| iU $1 Si si 4 i 13'1-S «S| - 2««»8 5?iil "§ c-o a © 81 1 II ?! ? I > *1 I* ■8 8 to & "■a a r. 3 ® I Si 0) ® I* i.-** * ■s^a® ^ § ®£ Jii6|3 I I* ii1:-!! i 3i^-«s • s.8 3nara.sah4»s3-sa'Ha^"ra^"®» -P©©©"S3+iOT©-Sc-Pffirt9wb©wbcg 3 b? feS © ©"S b®§3'§-H © © ^-H&) S'S^-§'S5S-§«€^S^S5bS-§g5S5 al ^ 51 ^l slsl 1 3lsl HH A to *0 © £ ^ §bI ■S^ „ VT %*3 I § « . B -0S3-S * j^. i « 3 S) © (Q © 3 111 i ^ ■§ . 73 •§ 8 • c dJ d •* 3 os - |»* sal g la & " I ° s all I lis-ifs if •o ® I. f. MT) n a ® o boh ® 3 -P 3 ® c-“ a &, pu § "«§ •« | l.«o S5 I © -P II! •§a o & § ■ Eli g fea ■8« § 3 -I > ^ 3 ill Hat R'|i ill £.032"3e.3a ££"h 8 -a IS&as&Rjst! .13 "5 © -Ph©to c © J? ®ch©-p r»> • •-pCOtOtd-P'HCO*P©bO-PCQ-P©d© to h& to 25333®3®S®B5S83?hMc335S ^£si ^ Si Bl 51 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 183 TABIE 19 - STUDENTS AND DEGREES IN PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, 1937-38 Privately controlled profeseional schools. (Only teachers colleges having professional work other than in education are listed below. 184 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 a i " i 1 1 1 1 01 I ri ! H 1 ' c5 i ii n 1 1 1 1 1 «o j I o 13 1 hIoiLhI 'Sint c3 col Hi o) 31 3 31 u a £ a 333 13 1 1 1 1 1 04 .1-1- 1 1 33 13 MM3 1 1 1 1 1 £ 1 1 § IS 1 T) hIcvIhI SC* ^ i hIct! c5| 31 1 3 CO o 1 © *2 8 i i i 13 1 1 IS 1 1 till i NISI 'T' 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 3 1 o 1 Stu¬ dents i i i 10 46 40 1 lg 1 1 i I a I i 1 1 13 1 1 1®« i PIS 1 1 1 1 IR 3 1 & 1 © && ' v i i i 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 i l i i i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 fc 1 1 1 il c i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i l l l i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 If © a g (30 iH i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 Nil i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 0 .. •— I5i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 rH i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i © i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 '§ i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1® 1 1 i3 1 1 © 1 A| i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 a s i'i at si a I 'ii at to J, -p if 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r i is i 1 i 1 1 is i 1 1 i 1 1 i m i 1st l l I l is l S'1 I I i s i I K I I I I0' 1 ! •£ l ill l III M & s ; § § © CQ -H A *H O ii? is-av. da* • § g '§33 ^Sll l§3“S3 sla }« sslll §z* SSl-gSS •ass? ss5 CbDTJ 0)«O OCdHOO O 3 ^ MOW) a1" i 3*' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 3 I I a" 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 13 I IS H I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Irt^i W l l I l I I I IP£ I I 13 I I 13 H H I I IS 1 1 1 IS3 1 '°l I I I I I I I I :& s Ml i Jig I ; \i I : : J 1 : Mg | g’§S •H O M+l O O. W ® ■h £ ” o ijooSl? 3 ®H £ 3 0.5“iSm H3 jjio j = uuSaa SeiJm i Stu¬ dents o De¬ grees if “•8 ft Home economics 4 r i Stu¬ dents ft Education : Engineering De¬ grees ft De- i Stu- grees : dents o ■ft : Stu- : dents o Dentistry *1 4| - | Commerce and] business . 4 : Stu- i dents <*> Agriculture De- : greesi Stu¬ dents - Name of institution 'SglFl 1 Ift IS ft“ft 1 1 1 * 1 1 i ii^i 1 138ft 1 1 ft 1 ^C3l ^ Sift) a ^ ft! ■ftl ^ftl * 1/188 1/ 58 22/ 70 1/37 1 1 1 If > 3 Itfll S ^ Ift 1 1 i 1/ 66 i/ 1 12/308 1 1388 II ft 1 s 1 1 1 1 1 ft 1 1 1 1 O' C- 1 UMA CA 1 HOI 1 Ift lH 1 i'i°m i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H ^ M 1 1 1 1 1 & 1 1 1 1 150 49 95 254 1 1 & 1 ft 1 not i d 1 1 1 1 rH 1 1 1 8 1 ftS 13 iss l&fl I I I I I I I I till I I I I I I I I I I I I ! 1 2 I I lg • I IS I i if i i i i i i i i i t?-A 8 3 ^ &-S 31 I I I I I I 3 8 i i I 1 i i i i hI-HO lit II Sills ii rj ; i = P ;6 t - g EES ||sai e|s §l|f° i I I I ! I i I I I I 8 H I I ! 8 cm I I I I I I I I till III! Mil III! 3 111 5111 I I I I I I I I INI till 1115°' 1 1 138 till H Mill till 1 1 IS Mill 1 | 8nK°' H 1 1 IS 1 IftSp CM ow 1“ 1 1 1 i> c? 1 Mill II II 1 INI Mill INI INI II 1 II II ftP 1 H INI 122 1,102 III I I I I I III I I I I I b & q ' ’ i!|an .. c _ _ •dsg a0 b s t&g bn g 5 S gf II Egg 3 1I&1 IliftS ESiM'd 1 Z Z Z O fX X CO CO W D 5 a^: St o < Is a MOO) % 2 ft * ‘d fl!S33 •H "2 G cd >H O M -H -P efl-H >»0 ?||jj |l“5f iHu I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ft I I P I I I I I ill If I il* II ° I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Sill | RIM 1 I I I I I I I I I I SIM I sill I 1 1 I 1 1 I : b •fi iiip es°p % a «; bti •d ft COhEH£)> II il 5b So b a % -H 3s||| if Hill II Is it Is &a&-&S si ml at ® s o£* HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 187 I”"' 2)2) 1 1 1 1 1 SR 1 1 81311 ft ^ 1 1 >o | | cj\ ftft si 131 13 3l ft T 1/ 14 II II 1 1 1/ 21 1/ 61 1/117 ii 1 1 1 1 S IK 1 1 $ 3, 1 i 38 1 IK 3ft ft 33 lid 1 2“K5 1 MSI ft 1 mil S 1 1 1 1 1 133 i i i NISI 1ST 1 1 14^83 1 1 1 1 1 Mil'¬ 1 11 11 1 3 1 1 i i i*5 i i i 3 IK Ig 1 $4 'Sf«i3 !33 ^1 Si as i^i 1 is iga Hi HlCj| 1 1 S 1 1 1 1 1 1 a a 1 s £ 1 is 1 1 3 3 IS* * ^ Si il Hi s Ist r 1 1 1 H0' 1 1 1 1 : : 17 31 1 1 nai a 11 ia 1 II II 105 20 8 !£& 1 " 1 1 1 1 1 i*ai an 1 1 IS 1 $1 511 13 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 IR 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 a 1 1 1 Sill! 11 11 1 1 a 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S 1 i 1 1 II 1 1 IS 1 1 1 3'" 1 1 1 11 11 1 a 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 8 ! 1 1 1 Mil! 1 1 11 1 Sill! 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 111 1 1 RM II II II 1 f 1 11 1 * 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 ® 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 Mil a' m 1 * 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 gun II II 1 1 11 11 Rill! w 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S3 nil 1 a 1 1 1 » 1 1 1 1 II II 1 1 isa i — no - 69 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ 183 — 221 IS 11 1 IS 1 Mill III 1 1 1 1 gisis Mill IS 1 1 1 IMM 1 1 ig*i 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 III $1111 131 1 1 IS 1 1 1 II Mill Mill . II II 1 1 11 11 III! 1 1 1 1 1 1 ling 1 1 1 1 1 ,180 138 'a II 1 II II 1 II * II II Mil! I Sill I I I I I I | I I I I I I I I I I I I I Mill I I I II I I I I I I I I I I f I IS I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I i i i i i a i i i i I I I a I S3 I I I H H I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I III I I KS I I I III II I I I H III I I 3 I I I I III I I jg I I I I III II “INI II I I I I I I I I III I I I I I I I III I I I I I I I I ISIS I I I I I ligill I I II I I I I I I will I I I I I I 3:11 IIIIIS I I I I I I I I I g II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Marylhurst HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 191 I H 'I I H* I I I SR I I rill^ O* j | -stJQ I I i : 1 1 ill! i i : : i i i i I I ! i ii i 1 1 i i i i i mm i i i i i 1 1 1 i i i i i 1 1 i 1 1 i i 1 1 ii 1 1 i i 1 1 i ^ I £ I ot I I I I 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 I I II 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 I I I I Mil Sill I I I I I I I I TABLE 19 _ STUDENTS AND DEGREES IN PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, 1937-38 - Continued Privately controlled professional schools. (Only teachers colleges having professional work other than in education are listed belt**. 192 Theology : Other : Degrees - 55 - Students 54 Al.s. II 81 Pharmacy De¬ grees 2 Stu¬ dents 20 Medicine : Nursing De¬ grees ~w~ ji » *>■8 i\ s Stu¬ dents 16 1 De¬ grees 15 Stu¬ dents if i •2 •E I De¬ grees 13 t Stu- : De- : Stu¬ dents : grees : dents : 10 : 11 : 12 Education De¬ grees 9 Stu¬ dents _ 8_ Dentistry De¬ grees 7 Stu¬ dents Commerce and business Stu¬ dents 4 Agriculture De¬ grees 3 Stu¬ dents 2 Name of institution 1 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 illl INI I I 2 111 Si 1 °"° 1 a ^ 1 jw 1 ^ 1 ^ glsl^sl si R" aP1 CM SSl I V'vC'- 1 1 H CM 1 SfeSl g'0 1 1 iss ir a iaa 1 a 1 s0' CM 1^1 aisl ^ I 31 s] sP- Si a® | to ^ I SR I I I I I I 1 Ih 2 18 a 15 ! 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I8rt 1 I I ®isi 1 1 i R If* Illl S ||®o Mill Illl Illl 1 II 1 I 1 r 1 1 a ip 1 1 Igl 1 1111 i is 1 1 1111 nail Pin 1 14 1 1 sin IISII 1111 Mill 1 1 1 1 tin Mill 1 15 1 I Rill 1 1 1 1 IIRII Mill Illl Illl Mill 115 1 I M j [ Mail Illl rl ll^ll t- 1 1 1 1 1 cn 1 1 vO 1 1 1 11 a 1 1 Illl Mill lilt Mill 1 ! :l : : : a 3 : \i e :•£ § 1 | « sd £ tO 5322 § 8 ■ -S' CO O © c iSS £ S © o © r-i O T3 ^ -§^ H C C ~ ® TJ «J O ••*OT ^ m H t3 3 WO ©COW *Ji8lti3 3i&H^0‘Sh:* r bSi-e © W torn” O Q^-§ “' !p H ” o -P •* 5 ” 1-1 o *§ to TJ m X5 si bls^lltilll^I I 3 111 II -?ll !ps|? « | I 3&2-£o^? S c* ^ s - s i a a - .£33 1«1 i ■§ s S I g • l! § S5£«eg$ & , . gs *. J -P X3 «“* CD sgjfl £g3n3 PC.:. y -3 n -*£ n o < u 1 o XI 53 5 2 ■** c ... © til} II - "s Pi 5 1 l! 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SSggS g SlS^g i s" ||s*W »'s'«3'2' S' 8'P'ag'R' HH 1 W. I3HS , I s| s . PA 4 O Ng O cq, r\(«>vO n CNJ cv '•J r~i UN I I I I I II H £> O UN CV O rr\C^rH <\ s §s§§§ g, , ,g sfa* s, a H l l lH i 3.?“ i ii i 1 1 ” 1 1 ^ i ii 1 1 -?« 'f I II 'r I S S O' | O' | MOCt fT a i ^sf' S 8«38S *SR33i 8 Jpfcgfc 88*pYs“ o O »T* cv CO ^ oT CN H I asm ii , , , , g §gHg" a I H-> mn s' §§§£< ag" ^aVs^ 3 £nVre ii i i i i i i i i 1 1 i i i i i i A ° ^^1111111111 P. i i i i i ** R R« K 1 I i 1 I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I § PSsps: a i i i iH i i s gasss 8§e§ss i Ires vO vOvO vO | %%\ \% I I 1 I i I e* a a s a ^ i I i i HiiiiH i i i i i i i i i i i i A i i i I i i I i i i i a Hi,! Ill i!i $38 8 »" 8 |5|58 5,|S|5"S $ § 3183*53 53333 1 »§§§! - - sfa^st s? gW&f i °Aimi i 1 1 1 1 33 i i I ““INI'0 I I I" I I i ! I I I I I I I I I I Mill I I I I I I I I 3*1 1 111 II l|l ^ 1 1 1 1 £ u-> c- o ° s a AA 1 1 1 1 1 i i i 1 1 | s § 1 1 II I HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 195 657,851 364,269 277,467 119,423 158,044 16,115 J3S 839,619 512,003 237,334 84,192 33,216 119,926 139,305 81,529 57,776 135,364 69,475 55,900 "669 9,320 327,616 303,109 2,091 8,833 27,370 46,650 100,253 60,581 52,000 5,331 24,507 8,608,253 2,555,306 2,081,866 174,423 33,935 £ 1 i i 609,019 242,606 366,413 182,950 49,073 133,877 3,464,335 2,937,351 2,348,457 117,034 103,436 164,001 1,807,423 156,563 304,085 183,528 120,557 284,809 83,626 116,800 23,790 7,101 8,500 44,992 526,984 506,715 10,961 30,362 70,814 80,739 120,898 32,478 78,012 51,436 31,015 I I 1 1 1 * a a - 29,357 28,780 577 577 1 1 1 lit-!"?* 1,123 303 820 1 1 1 1 1 1 50,357 50,357 32i 2,182 377 16,322 140 31,015 518,049 319,193 130,365 90 33,803 26,097 7,706 7,706 1 1 1 111,993 94,676 77,868 12,943 8,669 25,000 27,961 3,295 13,008 13,008 fifm 1 |p ,2, ^1 II a L, 157,662 942,387 924,660 6,143 4,497 1 1 1 165,707 35,238 4,149 47U9 as fi if' 1 4,114 130,469 126,542 9,704 5,991 37,223 11,426 31,800 C- C^ON 3,927 >,003,102 : 519,400 519,068 181,960 31,537 18,431 5,909 12,522 131,992 28,096 103,896 | | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8,500 8,500 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1| 1 11! s s 5 8 498,016 210,463 287,553 30,000 15,000 15,000 1,427,349 1,427,349 1,089,852 82,655 46,433 87,026 803,738 70,000 177,938 95,678 82,260 159,559 74,559 85,000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11,576,854 a, 569, 555 7,401,73.5 1,738,047 189,728 306,340 293,292 293,292 1 1 1 1 1 1 776,138 776,138 774,938 29,013 745,925 1 1 1 1,200 1,200 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 734,671 : 695,291 : 674,190 32,501 32,501 1 1 1 1 1 1 a SR R £ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 StSi SSo 1 25,000 37 3,085,135 799,110 799,110 345,066 241,465 %5 58,055 19, 112 4,331 14,981 837,265 579,015 386,338 18,604 19,321 51,975 213,386 83,052 100,301 62,924 37,377 92,376 7,867 28,000 8,530 7,101 40,878 258,250 241, 908 300 16,599 22,005 49,846 59,804 11,800 50,000 31,554 I] IIP I I III III I ! I 11 I I I III I I I l I I I I III III § S31 1 1 3^ 111 II I l I I I I III III I I I I I I I I III I I I I I I I I III I I I J I I I I I I I III I I I I I I 1 INI 3$ 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 i01 1 1 1 1 63,652 191,674 45,183 146,617 18,626 — 901 — 163 - 1 INI 111 1 1 1 1 154,694 10,301 10,3C1 ill , F? 1 8 § § 111 1 as11 "■* 'is1-? 1 * •* + Ml £ £ £ 1 8°, , Ill 1 1 1 ,338 2,8 * aa 1 1 . a1 1 * s § #'* ■s? c* H 196 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Si* a* g n o*S ^ B3 3.2.& 1 8-0 a g |as|s •go’SS tin tc g s § 111 •n ” S ||!|s lis II1 ■S | 5? | oJ § | | 1 1 1 8 1 *. 1 1 1 Mil” I|“P 1 II II 1 1 1^.1 1 8 8 !> 1 I I *0 «£> S R « r § H g v£> CM H 1 M P vO O >0 CM P* CA VAO C- H SSrt 0«AO 8P3 O'OO' \D O' p- O' ^§lg P3 § PP CO Oi O' vO H v^nO O' §§m lO CA CAvO O VA a^sMa ssp $$$ it?li agsTas '■O CO CA CO U> C^S WA CM WA H -Sf H CM CA WAvd 0*0? CA aaaaa ■ g ii i i- » 3 | ^ CO irv 1 1*. ".1 l”.l i i i|i 8 ^ 1 1 £ r 3 vO CM 1 1 J 1 3 vO !°. 1 | ] H vO CO vrT ' C?^ i i ii i 1 1 1 1 \%\ 1 1 II II 1 i ii ii 1 II 1 1 ii ii i II 1 2 H caca 2 Mill 2^ 1 1 1 1 II 1 II II II 1 ii i i i II II 1 i ii ii 1 11 II 1 1 1 11 111 §,$ §a§§§! J9S8 ® 8 oj m cs ^COHHs} * ° ° ^co «A O' O' 00 WAH O' CO o- S33SA ifi 2 O' rH CM H ssfa“^ PP^S'8' C'A CAC0 H'O C- “^as 3 S 5 o S CM H o cm o va S P* P5> P o c ,S8 O 00 O OvO 00 CO £- vO 00 H O OvO P* OOffiQO IfNvO vO UA vO O O O Q t> vO CM H O O S 8 VA^O cJ >n(T O'H 8&8SS o r- co O' o © vOvO iAf^O rJOjO^O'J o ^ co a * 5> H H UA O c- CM vO vO CM ppsag paasg 'O [> CM O OA VACO CA 1 II II dSc? H ^ 1 1 ” ^|^|| 470 ill 1 1 a So CM I 1 O' CA l i 2 1 O' 1 1 1 © H H 1 »A r?HH ! i-| = e : < 'Z O 3-2 5 Is ■gf g § ■S S3 I | t « I £ I I I I I Mill: I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Mill Mil! I I I I J8i § 51 I I I ”« I 11*11 S' ™ P 'O I I w vO t\l -J I I I I I *.11111 I I M I Mil*. I II I I II II I II II I I II I I to 8 ” * 8 8 g, ii a" i *. 1 1 1 £ i i ii ii it ii i i H ii i ii ii i ”iiii ii ii i ii ii i i ii ii i ii i ii i ii ii i ii ii i ii ii ii ii i ii i ii II I I I II II II II II I II II I II II I II ! II I II I I II II i 8 II “.I I a 3 8 8 8 O I I I >rv SI 8 M ”. II II I M. II °. I I I I'M ir.i 1 1 : : : : : : o : : : : : : S T3 -o ■5 § S Z55 : to • to 13:3 S) I • H i&4! O © Hi CO , . d o iaa : : c* o o, • : ■ -a fc fe “ a 0 to to tO 0 0 d «. a : : o • • ^ i : ,2 □ - • ^ Lor College . Union Junior ( College . r College ... sge . see . allege . Lege . ?e . o+5-PO-jO> O Hr] -j too O O 0 *-3 f-j to O 0 H O o 3 11 ^ HH H 6 O i nx*z ° S3 S°-g.S 1 1,5 ill! I . o t* T\ U >-z> O c-g3 § § 5 • !* 313:1 la-M fills HgS 1^31 5S58£ gd.S.S.3 ££<£3 S S 5 3 8$ ■ o "o 1/1 q ■ I I I _ I -P to C ©i5 H0-H d *-3 crj eh O©*-300 C X) cO *"3 -H X) C s*ssl« «,«, ii»*j :iii» rlii i ft, a. os at co 3’ S§ 8 o& lolls ^ S 2 R m co c f, <3 -H |l2£3 ^ § § § § co co co co co 0) O O (H 00 HHoS o ooS“i S b 1 5 h H 8 § § 8 c % £g 'sr 1 g1 1-1 oT P 'I II I I I I I II I I I I I I I I a!'3" m||1s|,||1|5|||§1s 1 5 II I s. mil s5-|3- ll>|5 IP l‘l' -s ii i i i I i i I i i i i i i i i ill i i i i i i ii i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i mi i i i i i i ii i i i i i i i i i i i i i 1 1 mi i i i i i i " I'll1 H5, S'JI 'll®"* I'l !»«! i'll ? 88 m |!f! ip 'll 1 I'll 32 H N H I I II gg I I I I I 1 1 I I i I 1^11 I I I I I I I . I I II I I 1 1 I I I I 1 1 1 II I I I I I I I I || I I I I I 1 1 I I § I Mil 01 I I I I * 1 1 1 I I I 1 3 i Mill III I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 ii i g 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1| iii i ii 1 1 1 mi If"!'1 11" Mil I I I I I- ' 5 I ^ I I M P< H-» i i i i i i i i !|n I- Ss i i i i i % i i Vi i i i ii ii i i i I HS H H 1 1 I 'I' I ll'll ip * Mill j jj Figures of 193&' 198 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 199 68,847 21,909 46,938 2,728,360 2,671,673 27,673 371,313 3,713 mil 18,057 1 mi s 1 147,1a 36,226 110,915 530 1,339,524 38 1 lp.li gg*§ 877,086 178,258 238,962 289,186 170,680 19,753 9,273,180 9,172,728 419,463 50,855 30,037 176,207 73,533 315,290 705,896 7,283,657 51,784 » PH 1 1 IS M I til 3,329 3,315 1 13 163,445 159,702 5 10,265 28,317 6,310 ™ § 1,946 1 glggll 1 | H H O I'l C*» c- I 9 3 66,504 62,615 15,480 7,797 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! . II I II 1 1 i'§'i' 1 s 26,510 11,207 15,303 184,769 184,769 184,769 1 I II 1 1,377,651 1,376,735 32,721 3,309 36,809 eesas : 1 §11111 § § sf 22,8a 4,712 18,129 11,195 684,310 684,310 590,863 85,437 443,776 Hi 19,753 Mill 1 1 II 1! II 1 1 1 1 1 348,624 313,124 150,738 162,386 35,500 35,500 35,500 fsss's' ! 1 1 M II 1 II II 1 1 1 1 II II I i * ft 332,034 59,127 272,907 1 1 II 1 II II 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 II II II 1 II 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 8 ft 238,582 14,772 223,810 844,825 i 1 1 §8 M§ II 3 i 1 ! 1 1 4,549,956 4,549,956 18 15,058 48,916 8 iggs 8' Sftft 1 1 1 II II 1 1 5 a I'l 260,663 260,663 245,913 37,297 48,082 707 fill 3,678,848 3,086,335 48,290 8,124 305,421 44,545 30,037 HI 1 7,030 535,645 35,735 37,678 25,081 31,250 373,615 32,286 122,727 121,563 1,651 119,912 3 i H S oP 24,313 12,303 12,010 2,715,627 2,078,486 174,479 414,256 2,000 I l 1 1 l 1 gg| 1 II 1 a IMIS 1 1 1 II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 g 1 1 1 °° ° 1 1 Mill ' 11 . 9,000 14,371 1 I II 1 II 1 1 ^ 445 445 4,275 m m" 1 1 1 1 1 1 ss II II 1 oToT 1 is II oT 1 1 1 II II 1 1 § a g'g c? c? 1 § 100 100 100 Mill 1 33311 II S e'Sii * cT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IS S IS 115,764 1 1 1 331SS 1 II II 1 §§a M 1 1 88 20,832 164,000 38,692 1 31,204 m 1,485,532 170,504 170,504 1,315,028 1,310,028 692 49,247 200 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS § H3S&381 43,030 1,338,408 1,227,347 124,151 1,928 56,774 169,612 58,414 189,822 7,982 119,935 8,995 13,708 60,719 46,710 23,461 69,378 19,705 41,954 68,233 63,034 82,832 111,061 17,227 13,372 37,210 35,000 8,252 157,750 134,259 443,706 58,706 45,045 12,900 46,014 41,638 30,545 40,445 43,056 38,870 25,438 61,049 3,051,273 2,893,191 220,921 25,244 101,749 191,593 351,499 49,233 124,233 57,038 35,399 635,222 28,169 29,201 216,679 86,379 76,562 143,738 55, 314 81,272 75,477 203,591 95,678 9,000 158,082 22,002 19,624 57,467 32,400 15,485 11,104 I 2,444 1,900 188 i ism ' ll'S'll |3"l S3|g$ S'SSS a' S' ISM 1 10,422 8,963 3,548 559 § Mg 1 " sY 3 -a 62 3,024 1,800 1,969 4,017 2,000 2,017 27,746 18,562 20,546 405 " i Y § 3§>§§SS s'Hl * J H" aatf 10,202 4,954 42,015 3,527 60,223 83,454 41,917 42,321 3,014 2,195 11,091 K!*'! § 35,033 6,770 61,920 20,285 4,700 5,315 30,545 60 1,015 11,500 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 11,500 1,000 10,500 1 63,196 231,830 42,612 31,721 29,302 28,992 27,050 28,027 14,500 29,626 11,371 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 11,371 7,071 4,300 9 3 950 950 Mill 1 £ 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 • J> H» £ o rf 8* * 3 8 m SJS 3H1 ««I S S » Igsi ^ ^ m ^ ^ in ii ff I HS I 1 ' "I §S8§ g g g I •* ■* 53*3 S PpR g g 3 I I I I I I II £88 III III INI III 88 I I I I I I I 2 « * | S SSI HIsIS 'SI §§" si"-* S3 3 I 3 III 2 -• 3 15 III! Ill I a*'a i i g 3 SSsSSS i i Ss'fet'sa" ggsiMRsi mi III 33* I I 1 1 i I s' s s' s s I I SS i S 5 S8S r'S sSS' S'S S S S S g 8 Pf P? c$88 | 8 R n ssss ib a a s sssa I a s' aw 8-s £33* *ss § g £ g«W i i i I I II 3* H" I I I III ill i I I l ill p? i I l l i i l i ll 8 I 8 18 III 8SIP& III ^ n s MINI £ 8 sC I I I I I III III I II I I I I & I I I I I I 1 1 II 1 s 1 i 1 " 1 n aaa i " i i s s- 1 ii i ii ass 'Fm |f fplf a a a " 8 R R I I I I I I I I I I III gl I I Ig Ml H K I H 1 1 £11 I I I I I III §11811 II o? oT I I I I I I III l||l* £ 1 1 I I I I I I III 3igai i "I ii i 1 1 1 mi i 1 1 i 1 1 iii i i i i i i iii HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 203 §§3§£§r 8JK 1 " >1 1*1 38 <£& r^ss 8188> pjis 83 iga 3?S 3 sf» 3 a rsr sVsTr fdgaaa cm S O' J^8V sv' ii CM &g*33§£ 18888 <§§si§ S"#sf85R^ R&fgKS ssgVs iiiii sr a 53 ri CM *$iii P & (fa" 00 sgsxs l inHH® 959 479 |i "8 IH$ 3 < >88 1 1 8881' 3RSX £#*" 0? S'°r^3 a CN M (V 3V OT H H * H‘S r- rl CM H HVs I'll IS 1 IS 1 l^l 1 1 1 1 1 1 SIMS 1 Sot |g s< < <§ 1 <3S§ IS 1 1 1 Sn 1 0 0 1 Sot 5 O? -V? vcT oT S' R|S -* CM OJ HH H fS>3R8S IS3S 1 'O CM <§' < < '$'§8 3S3SS O' O £> O' I sags 1 gsgsg 3 S Igg ^S3ls m sfg sfTrr JAO 0? 3 ** oj ccTrTrj rv'-''s 3“ s' R3 H oJoj gto 0 ^ |S i r 1 1 1 1 1 it 1 1 1' i ii 1 1 i 1 1 i i 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 Min I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Mill i II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I SSQ88 ITv O O' H 38 I 'I I I ii £§< <3< I §§>1511 UAO' 00 I> c*\ §§ *§ p * s3 OjV* 5 S&&8 sg'g'sR ^ H S' -j^grt. w'oot®3 oT aim IIIII 595 55 1 1 *R 1 IIIII 1 1 ‘§ 1 1 1 ig 1 a i§ 1 1 3 H r a sun IIIII " 1 1; 224 593 220 sign vO H <§m 1 MSI gs 1 1 1 h" O" a iiiii IIIII 1 1 11 1 1 * 1 S 1 8 1 1 ! 1 1 i 1 §. 1 1 'S' 1 ' '8! >t r-T H H IA R 3' H 1 1 <■< 1 1 IS 1 1 i § 1 >8 'ggsa a i| 1 1 S§ cv o?^ C- TO 33' R ” g s — §1111 IIIII < > l§§ ig'88 1 iaj < OTOT 1 8 1 R 1 oT oT 3'§ H s'" R 3 is igg « SR ll||s oT 1 ! If 8 I I IS I o !I^B H O' H 1 I © • © h ?& :v §33aa COHO 3oogn 1h (d ° o o m 3 £-C 8 8 S 0) jC £ o 3 £ „u a !1!:i 02 -P O ©iow C >!P| ot m !§ I S 3 s! 3 to 3 c !! Is £ ll 204 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 205 l5,S|!fff!P^ r? 8ssas mn §s§ s'*»'5v ;?#«£ pgs'l sVa* 1 "I! mips Pi i 'S' i s'l' ' 'S' ' asa ' ' ass Vi's pss S'i HS" ” S 5 "S** ■” - I IS I I I I I I I I I I I III 3 P^1 § sag! I !' 1 1 1 1 'i'll 1 1 1 1 1 SI ! ig ■*** |g;si s* « sags i sas s ssssai seaas s§s§i asass R S^S § | g-aToToV* S'SVSS' o'SS'S'.S ££*** oT SoTSS i g"s t ss's s . . . J Ja!^‘ * | II II 8 RKJR 3 I I I I I I I I I I I i' K'ii S' S'S' S' § $331 * SSS1 I §»!*§! Mill **** SSS«3 J - i S SSS'S1 3§S'S S S vjT rj SSS oT S' S' S S' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I | gf§§ 8 II I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I III I I I I I I I «SS B'f g£i 8* g a '°8'0K g gggs i 8§I 1 1 i ms i i aar i aai i a ssi* I I I I I I I i I I I I ! I I I I r 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 | I'l'l i 1 1 1 1 1 i i ii 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 3811 $ 3 1811 1 188? If' CT- S^ £?8§§ SISS8 O? D? r-T r-T 11,081 372 3,000 3,000 $25,088 25,088 327 l l l i l 14,872 1,523 3,536 2,736 312 382 1,400 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 mnu §8> 1 1 34,456 17,969 15,266 11,738 27,869 43,498 21.957 28,026 13.958 27,000 47,814 25,000 35,992 24,467 9,227 6,270 94,296 14,433 11,158 2,200 51,130 1 1 § 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 a in 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M l ll l M i l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I8g 1 1 1 1 II 1 i i l l l II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 in 3«i8Si| || "s* « mn 3S§*i sssss 1 s‘ro? a 19,681 11,672 6,778 250 $6,315 3,687 4,700 1,732,578 1,580,765 12,961 55,295 37,463 25,040 144,849 39,909 159,321 5,500 10,281 46,280 228,163 217,128 43,767 15,488 78,688 77,917 44,614 70,220 95,853 12,388 53,632 28,170 22,011 276 25,173 30,378 1— 1 III SS 1 1 1 1 1 ii 1 1 1 1 1 Mail 1 1 1 1 1 lolll 1 o? 1 1 1 1 1 1 ill §£11111 18 1 1 1 400 250 1,073 4,419 1,405 300 28 as 1111 1 1 1 88 1 8 § i 1 1 1 1 I 1 420 1,701 7,200 838 123 §I8IM •in S3"Ri 1 P 57,493 30,000 33,235 1,662 14,000 21,800 4,000 2,593 44,922 42,191 RR 1 1 1 1 i§i SSi i§i i I *K * 163,984- 175,000 300 4,359 47 5,922 gg M 1 1 IS s! i i 88 i i i i i i §s as I ! i I ! I I ! I I HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 207 § a£5a§a pH I'f I sag n - i i V'V a mm *j»« vm a mm a s «« H " H £|a;*E3S '♦SRK-' 01 PPM 5S <* £ gg^« 3 I S38£ga3 § S 3h§£e5§ f3'3‘* £ 3‘s^aV a | $£** & §§'§£< 1 1 1 *1 M M 1 M I- 1 ISSIa'S aS3S8 2' *aS a SS " >S ' I 3$s3 £- «%? <£o' «?«f ^rwVV dr? rj * § 1 § 1 1 III g II 1 g 1 Mill 1 1 i 1 5 5 ! ^Ss'p!§ 1 *88 1 8 1 l|l 1 a - -a g| 118 1 g S ggl 1 - " - § 208 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Si £>' |S3S'S is I'ssf f-i »n cn CNI SSSSUa1 3g»fg §' 8'8§>3 §"3 a BB‘ ' - - - - - 3 Ss sg I Is Mill II §Miig IIIH S8>g$g i» ** * S * * 5 ££ !§ ""i SS&gSSg 'IBs §1 miSg §'§S S s2"gi | RgaVa^p s» ^ 33 g » •3 mil I I I I I I Mill I I I I I I I I I I I I 8 SSIRM I $ ^ HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 209 SS 295,578 254,765 43,794 20,877 13,168 12,528 32,994 33,325 24,899 52,626 20,554 40,813 14,667 9,946 16,200 721,685 %& 28,031 95,926 13,822 82,104 2,629,109 2,488,373 184,699 138,860 22,889 17,662 168,349 380,106 1,323,095 75,774 176,939 140,736 26,275 10,865 47,596 56,000 3,080,351 1 1 1 136 136 149,380 149,334 66,275 732 1,545 80,782 s m i g 1 1 1 i i i 3ggi$i§ 31 ig 33H H h- a $ 1,561 1,475 33,760 28,031 28,031 750,348 646,929 350 125,576 9,000 8,174 99,155 68,621 161,458 41,725 132,870 103,419 24,800 1,819 40,800 36,000 150,690 il'i S3 III 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 SS' ii §§§ 1111111 1 1 1 1 i i i i i 3 § i : i §§ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,1,1 a * 1 1 1 609,259 609,259 17,929 4,726 16,075 116,757 448,448 3,777 1,547 663,155 28 1 RR 20,288 4,320 15,968 1,077,968 1,042,258 99,093 12,552 12,000 4,762 49,971 173,602 632,407 30,272 27,599 35,710 9,000 6,710 20,000 884,522 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 g 1 1 1 III 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 ''ll 1,219 1 1 1 III II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § 6 1 1 1 301,113 301,113 13,613 227,093 60,000 1 II 1 1 g a 174,408 174,408 § || BE ' 1 * 'S Ig'l 8 | a* a s J MIN * * i s pi pip ip * tm S 3 8 ^3 3SSS 333 g $$*$ m*m §§« a sa'a |gH*3»M8 H'H“ $ RS* 8 I §§§ £§§ 'I I ‘ I I I * I I I I 8 81 I I jf** s — " a i i i i i i i ill S! I 3^ II! . HI1 ^Ill'll g Iggi S 8 S S3S 1S3S9 sS'SSSI ES3 8 eSSI | s --8 g ft S SSS SS Bg's-- SSK g- $f*fa I I III I I I I I §§ I 188 I I I I § till 66 »3 g g 1 I I Mill ^lg§SI SIS § gglg ££ *** t ** * rf III I I I I I C*> cX I I!"”1 S'® I HU! 210 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 211 INCOME, 1937- 212 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 213 is3 § s g&u&aasi"** * o? «? £ d* °V tVaT d °r <•?« M !§£S I ! N I I R OH £«Y a s - * *jW * Stfrf ftftftftft ft ft ftftft ft ft ft ftftftftftft ft ftftftftftft ftft ftftftftftftft ftftftftft ftftftVt i v *m»r ” * *** 3 a a jwsaas § 3»s*a* gp***s 333*§ ^as°R ® - 3" 'ft 1 a 436 447,883 387, OH 374,387 12,627 127 7,325 2,924 2,251 60,869 60,681 2,604 958 18,759 7,338 13,684 1,984 5,470 3,994 3*g 2,734 188 188 1 20,051 2,600 2,600 702,586 649,908 640,643 9,245 1,075 913 7,257 20 20 III 1 1 gg 1 1 Ig 1 1 1 l§j 1 £ i§3 1 1 III S?K h 1 19,264 64,500 37,339 10,890 126,663 1,633 8,437 31,200 26,200 5,000 L, 224, 220 487,106 487,064 42 42 ""I mS338 3S52S£i§33 1 S3 1 £f RfWrf P38S& K j*5f A? 34,698 Mill 1 389,168 ] 389,168 200 200 388,968 38,504 40,000 58,955 103,413 25,200 13,798 109,098 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6,290,238 6,290,238 5,317,725 966,213 119,200 148,400 171,556 152,000 211,600 163,457 6,300 1 181 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I III ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 679,943 679,943 679,493 450 250 200 INI II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III 1 giaasa to M r? r? 1 i >8 3 1 . . S' S' s' TO 347,334 346,917 1,126 1,382 118,561 3,650 10,577 11,786 10,566 4,557 17,510 65,030 69,794 5,813 2,000 22,715 1,850 218 ZL8 5 . 67,897 13,860 26,463 12,710 431,647 85,298 18,680 13,730 4,950 3,205,691 1,725,205 1,515,542 136,789 11,281 15,806 26,350 27,391 38,171 17,790 72,874 27,425 2,532 15,500 3,972 15,256 8,189 1,480,486 1,445,259 35,800 8,754 253,051 145^808 36,811 94,527 81*426 92,937 126,057 102,294 65,470 43,872 222,749 21,371 33,964 12,507 21,457 i! i 1 1 1 1 1 1 ISIS! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mil II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III 1 s i • '8»a 1 1 § IS | g £88 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I ° S* rt 8,346 8,346 3,863 273 200 1,000 3,010 i I M 1 1 1 i 500 500 38.469 34.469 34,469 Mil 1 1 || 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § 11 1 III MM M ' 1 B 100 2,657 4,000 2,621 2,010 2,010 1,346,464 873,000 872,873 127 127 473,464 473,464 140,117 385 25,000 307,162 800 1 * ! M 1 1 ! 1 O' 8,437 10,150 10,150 2,133,685 1,308,150 775,000 533.150 293.150 240,000 Mi 1 1 1 ££ 1 Ig 1 1 ggg 12 1 II IK 1 III gg " fS 8? » i s i :> : ii f iiiif Ii III S SSSS 8 III !i iiji ipi in t r! il! I’ll! !!i« 5 Ii (3333 214 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 215 216 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 I I I ill i i i i i i 1 m ' mi i S*» I I I I II I § I § a s 3 1 1 I I g I II I sC I I 18 8 I I I I I I ' Pf IS-R i sags a i i i 1 1 1 1 i i i : 1 1 1 i i &&>$ torn to 1 tSPI nm i i SSfi1 I 5 33 3 § 3 Ilia 3 3 ** * ' 3 3331 II! ' S s°'° § it i 1 IHSS S R 3 I a&ii i i i 1 1 3 35'S a* *“* s i i i i i i i 8 111 a* i g i 1 1 1 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 217 33388 ' ' ' 384,156 351,976 22,055 59,173 21,161 55,029 34,818 513 3,043 295 2,200 146,133 2,365 5,191 • m sWa* 99,229 1,385,673 381,723 279,906 101,817 65,167 36,650 1,003,950 824,311 179,639 160,979 18,660 2,593,746 284,800 36,188 246,412 Z’M 127,670 85,982 612,117 173,696 82,925 167,814 187,682 25,623 12,286 13,337 767,207 705,936 36,948 83,193 70,897 117,007 72,770 18,056 113,820 8,824 28,82 4 90,190 14,835 50,572 #8*8 a £££ 598,355 3,709,446 1,560,728 1,347,011 213,717 139,184 74,533 2,148,718 1,908,169 240,549 126,687 113,862 10,102,709 1,805,397 389,833 1,384,302 156,199 169,093 238,768 112,159 367,225 340,858 23" ' || 1 1 1|$ 8 " 1 1 *8 ' *!>§ mvnimn- . gigi i 1 " *1 "Mi C-^rToT S ££ 1 HI l|'|| ' |i|| ' 1 "" "i i i i i i i:i 224,678 184,405 8,451 12,955 55,232 9,386 16,519 11,616 17,980 13,540 21,576 17,150 20,563 215,424 10,978 10,978 204,446 198,901 5,545 5,545 820,739 26,425 9,460 13,850 13,850 2,733 2,733 16,025 8,025 8,000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 000 ‘59 000*99 0tt*99 000*01 000*01 000*01 000*01 S8*§8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 SS 3 1 83B ' ' "P S S p M 3s2 g 3 s C? S r-T illil II! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 INI! II 1 1 1 1 235,696 270,896 270,896 265,152 5,744 5,744 399,349 §§ 1 II III 105,357 103,452 7,920 29,809 24,894 4,133 419 19,271 324 13,949 2,733 1,905 29 1,876 16,977 702,974 44,871 44,871 658,103 649,171 8,932 8,932 1,827,746 15,802 15,802 15,420 — 80,145 — 17,692 — 19,498 — 21,081 21,874 - 9,594 4,261 5,333 - 419,825 - 402,130 - 17,265 37,789 - 15,665 - 81,467 50,906 - 4,964 - 76,569 - 8,500 - 1,335 - 65,602 14,741 27,307 8 3®°r 1 1 1 1 3 S l 5 SS ' 4 * ps B 8 s spsesa 'Is s £ SIS sSS H J Ill 1 1 1 1 1 i MIR 1 1 M II II 1 i*s 111 1 1 1 1 1 mi ggsisa 1 1 1 13 1 1 §§.§181 1 1 1 1 1 II ' S'# till i ' 1 3 ass' s ' *'sa s I3i' " s? ^ C? £ r-*oT w? Ill 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 1 'l 1 II II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 in si? s II1!1 ‘5 1 11 1 S'S 646,876 3,226 3,226 643,650 632,405 11.245 10.245 1,000 2,481,023 32,577 31,077 1,500 10,922 2,500 2,500 1 S' 11,381 75.987 9,000 9,000 9,000 66.987 61,487 5,500 5,500 904,299 83,740 63,500 20,240 19,040 3,200 254432 0—41 - 15 218 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 219 K §35 1 ' 1 * iii gf g i i i i i i i ami I § gW * oT h*h*h* 8 SSSJ I I o?o?o? 5 ' ISIS8H S'sSB i5§3sS g'S'SSISS' 'Is1? g i iff *»s a a H m mm HH $8S£»8 53839 2IS58 3§§SS ISssS nm m pass an %psm mu spa s§$*si*p§*s*'9i M » 1 1 1 1 1 i in i mi 1 1 1 1 1 1 tin i33' I I i 0?r gg ! I I I I I I rfrf : 1 1 83'3'8S >3889 8883 1 858 1 1 85838 S§§ >3 |§ £ - •** - *$* sag - - s- - £§ I a I I I I I I I I I 8§8 £3839 883'8&S2gG&338 i sss-sss -s$ gfaaa s-§ s "ss* £***a f I 88283 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Si"} «? if 8 • 1 1 " 1 «? g 3g§ 833833 h“ IS 111- c?c? g I* I I I lllll I I I I I I I 3 I I I I I I I I II I | SS33 ■'’ III I I I I I I I I I I »« I I I I I I I I I 1 lllll I I* I I I I I I i I I ! I | SS gg I i I I I I III I I 1 I I I I I I I S SOT | S88SS* 3BSBSH 228§ 1 '3SS§ SgSS 1 8®gS • SSS5SS? s'sr r r er'sv * * ■**"* sa «»« imm «S« Kl'tBJKH -a"- Sgog Ss 3*381 sIskI Sj*i a §s|ss -gs 3 33S §*$ ^VsC^ 1 1 i i : i hi i ; i i i i R g i 1 1 i 1 i * 8 V 1 1 1 ' ll'I" ss s' 22 ' 8 1 1 ' i i "S i i it 1 •SS i i i a i i is i i i i i II mi 1 1 m 1 1 i , 1 1 1 S' 'll1 s s*" sess ”S a*3S'§ ®m lllll Kill) lllll 1 I m I I I I g I I Ig I |R Ss " S s ggs i i ii i is i i 8g i i i i i § 1 1 i is i i i g i i i I § I i I lllll IS I I I I I g I I llill 1 1 I I I 3*3 " § s II'SI" §|r§i 'SIN • »SI • 3§§ 1 ' '8' '* || *" * e* i t *** * * 9828 ■ 'I 1 'S*1 •§• ' ' • •!* ' S' 1 >3 '*• ‘8 8 s *' < * *' *' ' s n it \i Ii *1 TABLE 20.— INCOME, 1 937-38-Continued 220 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 221 ii if i 1 if-i pi i p ii m i'p 1 pm «T\ cT C\ r-T oT rT - rT ag S' 'S' H -* * i III II I I I I I 1 mm i sss* sss ssiaa m$ s i*** ** » i** i ti& m UiSS S*** a v^s? o?H* *. mm 3 ir^i 'I!" 1 w I till II II I 1 I I I I 1 1 II I I I I I I till W IPS' S| a^« I Sill ?- !'!?-'s 'Is 1 w 'll I I I I I I I I I I £S££ I I § If I I I III 3 SS3 I 8$ I Mill I I I I - * $ 53 Ifc? *8 * ' • 3 83' i !*• " i " 8» «8 is * I sg II llg ii i 8S? dc ss 1 mini iii g gg i i a ig i i i i i ££ I i - S a 1 1 ! 1 I I I III R I I I I I I I III § 8338 833 88388 I8S i am *« 8 8S8' 38' S' "S UF 8“* * J i Mil I r-T rt\f § 398 >33 '8' §11" 88' ""I i ii i a-s ** - | §§ -sT cf I I I I I I I as i i i i i oTc? 1 I I 1 1 I 1 I ' 3888858 ii-asgg; gs 8S'SS I SSsB Si SSSSSS SaS I «38§ 518 SSsgg 3SH S 5318811 I SB f* $* 5 4f*W « i*i&* tf» i gffeV m ft*** **« s S§^VS-g S I-T rT oToT 6 50,160 i i l ii 1 1 1 1 1 II ^ 1 I 1 1 1 I 15 a 1 1 1 1 Ml 3 II II 1 II II 1 as 118 1 1 * r rf * g 1 1 897 600 1 1 1 1 1 II gg 1 1 1 1 111 Ii" !' 3I3M II 1 1 ' sss's1 1 i I '§ I" 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 Ill £ II II III 1 1 II 1 II II ' $58»8" | J? R - J 53,000 122,882 “US! o* rf 25,000 25,000 17,332 10,800 6,000 532 371,397 20,500 20,500 20,500 1 1 II 1 1 1 II 'tni !' 23,250 81 856 8,224 700 2,873 4,6fl 2,321,778 1,929,908 1,293,356 155,636 281,000 381,000 475,720 428,646 171,550 23,396 233,700 207,906 500 204,681 2,725 391,870 351,922 6,565 231,548 59,489 nings from a siiirai 222 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 223 I* III H| 111 111 g-'sa* mu mm !fa*g?a“| m 1 S'»| »g 5s «■? H cT Si1 1 1 1 US MINI III sill's I" w? wm\ m $***39 »$* 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1| 38 >8 '8 B'S a- - * a J 358188 gg* sM III!!! I ' if ^ a 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 §88 I lg $§* p| | !-'! I 11 l 11 1 ill ill I'l "H ft I * I 8 s §§' a RS R Ml £ 3 gsaass p£g £psp iiiiii $$i &£&** a ^ " as 3"?§S §81 3iRP's' 988 ‘3 s rfs? a#*'0' £$3 H* •* •* H“ 8 3 "i 1 1 1 § £ 3?3 S 3pM a 2* M 1 | 3 ms i >0- in g as 1 a ** i §88 ? gs>u? s S3' 'SM '8» sag" 1 § 51 ' 19 S 3 s sr S"I9' '9' 38388 >§ 9885* "8S8 I S3* S » $*-* S3 “V-3 88888 Ss§§! 5aW 3§SS£ "if r?1 us'i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ig 1 1 1 1 1 1 ia -V-'s' lllfft |i 1 1 81 Hi . . . i r iM IIS « 1 »a 1 1 1 1 1 Mill * ti 11 11 1 11 11 1 1 1 11 1 II II I II II I Mill gill gR I § I II II II I II I II I II II II I II II II I £"s£s ss> mms mm g aV1* J5^«H" 833888 se [98 3J&S8 K>'gS§>' Sis* 5»*8*S«V S's^S f-T vJ'vcT |l I I II l|! |ISSM l|l I S I Igl I RSI ^MRM SS « * !Q8 88! *8383" 31319 mgi §i$gi 1&199 g 3$$$** s>* sr - 9 - *-* * ^ 224 BIENNIAL. SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 225 III II III I I I I §811118 I I I I I ** 2 III! S I I 8 I I I IS I I I § I I I I « S I S « H cToT oT h as1" ” §"18 1 Mg I I I I I I I I §>8 S £§*£§ H^'§88 glgg' § SIS s - - i a^Vag' - •* st£" » - g sf a a 3§s in Mill nigiggMMii s i §§ i § ggg 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 i : 1 1 o?oT p? &g H* 1 $g 32S I I I I I I I I I I II I I till I °° I 226 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 55,000 — 67,500 — 61 413,063 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 227 SUSP sV «g-g§V 8 S3 1 1 IS g i »' §'is§ 4 -sV M § i isn 8 * !- PP? § gj ' Igl «S §§§£* pg^'§ KS8K3 S§SI3 S 'Es £§£§£ 8 l§ 1 'IS - $*>" « -VrfsV “§w a* a§a si? s- aws" - gg -- III! I I I I I ! I ! I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Mill Mill I Mill! MSI l§ I I § Mill Mill g S II I I I I I II I II I II II I II Mill II I I I M II I § MSI 81 II I i i i I II I I I 1 1 1 1 ? I II I 3 II I I I I II I I § £ I II I II II I I II 228 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 8 § Ss S t * * i * * * * I i 1 § E h" in £ § S i ag '33 8 gggi 2 S>g ssf " g £$ ^ a s 1 1 5 ' 3 d SSI ' I S S esii g 1 1 • 8$ " 5H§'3 S a'a's* s' S'S' i -4 oT h l ; i I ‘ I gM'lg § g lg I I lil d d d « § H I a § S ' a a a » a $ 8 HIS ' g R R £ I >* O' vO sO S £ £ £ 881 ig 3 ** * S H Mill g I S§ 1 1 5 3 g'S* S S' sgi§ I 311 as' s' » m H gin § g«8 SR S? “ " »S£ gVp 2 i?i r\ s m * ss§ i ; i 1 I 1 £§"§ § St* rf - I I I I 1 1 g I 1 1 1 I III 8*8 i I III oT pT HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 229 «■«« ««' tl* P2 «'*tt *M h KWA * *««« 33 833R Km2° R2R " ^ £3 S'0"1 g ggg'*?! 3 $333 2 *s *««« IP.S3 a.W W. sis * sssaa s sis? isgjjM «tt ggsapag sg$S3 jjsg sp°'3ooco sas § gggss g gg^si ggssssg 5(38;* ||'§|" ||l|| 1 1| in 8a‘|'8 i§| 3 33 >3 > I 33 11 85^138 8£»3 rr •*-* K3IIIS! INI! Ml Pgl 311 II! 38 I R RRRII I Mil I I M I II III "" i 333 mm' mu m. m. saw* m * 3grt3"3 SS^S 3R3 3SrH gr-"0" o' S'* 3 mil 1 1 1 1 1 m IIIPII M I II II i I I II I I lit III I 1 I II I Ml I II I II I IMI I II II I I I I II II I I II II II I III III SUM H IS 1 a *3338 § 1838 mill! MM i i$i*i 3 230 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 IP! m m $ Hd i if d i i m am Oj ("l CM CM § ggig 53133 § 8883*31 *3*32 8 §SHV&S! SS8SS s s gsggs j ips'r ***« I a 8 S 3S'3 . s 38 Ig 5S8g'« I $§ 8 § SS8S $3;*£§ sf pa ma I S3 'S 8" '8 1 i 1 11 1 1 | H § » * ' aa'igs Is ** R gg I I M a ' 8§'>g§ ti « I 8 I I I I I ElEi'l I II Sg'S'g S3 s a g|!§g "3 •*'“ I's' o? cT '888 1 !!£3§ c^cm" oTc* I i gg I ° I I I I 1 1 1§« '“‘s $ sC 3Issr 88133 85583 "Vfjftfe' Sfs^gB? S SR^S a Mill I 1 I I i I! I I i I I I I I i ! £ I I I I I I I I I I I Mill I i I I I i I I I I I I I I I I I I I * §§>£ " I I I | sfsf a d g ssss mz% § smm £ Gj££$U? d *835* ' ssgs sis 'a sggaa 3?gSV* ^3 8? mu §§§££ assa* tididd fr'idd d$d£-* i mm i i i i i i i i i 1 1 i i I i i i I i i i i i i . ii i i ; i i i College for Teachers . _ 2,000 — 2,170 _ 246,212 198,164 — _ — 2,793 - 12,792 459,961 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 231 gifiS' s fdasav i? aa $ i'l1 1 1 1 «$«g H Ig| 8 I MS IS [tfsf&fa sjR g H' °r § *s 83sss i gsaaggg §§§£ a*3sas §s s»ss§£ ssnsg sgsgg asss* gg ggssaa rM* g ggf#*a» £®$'f £&*&'«' gg 8'fWsvs ifsVsjf saig's -‘r'rVr* rs O J'oV oT rf r4 8 S3- lii'SS Mill § $gg|lgl ggig HI|M II 188 M I II Igg II I I I 8 1 IS I s§ ^ I £■£■* H 3S3 'SaS' S 8S3M81 'ISS mum 11 §11111 mu iign 11111 11 S® ^ § $f* SH RM MS IRI 1 1 g &$m 1 1 1 1 M I M 1 1 I II mm 883 M §'§'§ tana §g " H H ° §§§ rfe?$ a a s' ^ s' s' s' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7,815,404 7,815,404 5,449,709 1,740,624 150,926 150,685 183,985 485,766 667,853 2,069,670 1,938,951 370,665 517,654 250,000 262,513 192,194 114,505 231,420 426,744 i 15 $i 1 15 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 I 1 II t 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 L, 547,957 L, 547,957 L, 532,721 L, 469,973 33,278 7,499 11,181 10,790 4,441 4,441 10,795 876 1,500 1 1 IS 1 I 1 II 1 II 16,617 1,500 2,114 1,450 1,873 1 IS II 0? § 1 1 1 1 II 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III i M a III 1 1 1 1 1 Mill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 578,273 50,000 18,906 11,911 7,612 3,725 36,845 664 31,024 15,000 392,586 5,976,798 3,048,449 1,820,111 281,842 52,131 34,392 51,388 63,638 188,708 210,035 178,182 759,795 763,626 157,622 246,083 73,704 92,098 83,969 36,260 73,890 464,712 17,358 9,722 15,912 1,280 10,071 17,983 8,650 30,309 15,338 63,628 26,596 50,761 4,547 56,878 33,753 350 13,709 27,459 11,652 21,144 18,989 8,623 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 II 1 g 3§ 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 § 1 1 II 1 1 II £11 if sa a III 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II RJiiJ 1 1 II 1 1 1 M 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 a aa » 1111 §> § ' >a ■ > §j gj > 8 1 1 . II 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 II INI III 1 1 ! 1? III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 1 li 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 40,753 30,000 10,753 a Mill IRIS II M 1 1 1 1 Mil 5 1! ! III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 II s'gMI 3 8,335 10,000 3 glil'sl 58 Ig S§ 'Ssi §' la 1 1 8 M S' § a‘5 * H a*3 s‘ i* • 2,447 75,000 44,244 200,000 232 il- 7 I in BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 pi'ii m in si n1 asp's w ■* 3' 1 I*'S 'ps1 1 B's1 2' 1 S' *§' ggtjc? s? h“ h o vo" h£ h h « J H “S I I I g I i'll I 1 §§ I I ! I I I II If I I I III o I I I I it i -** * t si gsHSSS 33133 H >8“ isSgp 3 >333 '§' 3313' aV as sW** a "ss 5 3™ s' I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I Mill 1 1 1 1 1 III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 'ii 1 1 1 1 l§ I I I 18 I •3»«i M§ 00* * V^‘». ’ ^ a° 1 1 1 1 1 11: 1 1 1 i 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 111 II Ii3 SS>3331 33333 313 1 1 13313 1 1 'p3 '3' t'p'a1 8 '8 gg ^as "“g sssa 8 a a * sspjss laps W&t «tt ««W *«#* Sis sssa ga ass ^•‘swa S'°rcos 5“r?M gg I I l I I I I I II l I I I I I g I i I I I I I I III i I I I I I I I I I I III £°r SglSIgl II I 18 511 I I 13181 Mill III §1 III! Mill III 33 « « o? c? H 88 II II I Mill II II I 118 I I II II I II I II II II II II I II I || I ifgi §Rl 13 S! 1 1 I IgS1 ‘ 11111 >§ I “I 1 l»l 11111 111 Ijf m* s'* 8"‘ * § s' s' IglS'P. I l§ 1 I S' I 1 I lg I Ig I I I I I III g 15 ! I 1 lllgl III &S P P'* « * Q * -* HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 233 1 IP1 1 1 III IPS !Pf 1 1 1 1 IP II in ggssa i §5S3 siasg sssi* i s s s sisa §gs*ggs 3* ttitt ! gig gWg met i t g £ m pT'” " S*"g I gggi gasps fgigi i I g g H' ”' P idV "' * s's' S' 8 S' S' §3 MIMS K^g 323 >8 688 M I I 2 3 I i ' ! 88$ I '8 i $ gVaV 3“ H s » *- W - >2 «3'8S * 3238 2 '3 ' 1 32831 I 8 r r O * rf* * SVhV H * g * jf i "M i g g§s| $§s R sfoV* S&f" I I I I I II! ! ! I : i I 1 M ! I I § 8g§S 88533 I ! I ! I ISS ^ ^dVa s?£*sV g 3 I s§*3 88 >81 S S8RS S**** R 3 S **»* ** ^ II I I I I I O O 8 °R OO I I I I I I I i I S SI SI III s' iM :':' if S' if I I I 8 '81" S 3s§2 p ip m ggg 1 1 « § s g « ft RRS's' S'-'- ^ g * 8 Rs 3&8S § 2238 62138 332§2 sl^ss SS' IQS S” s' g S^'g «$«** gVg's'a H' s' s' s' II Mills 32$ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I rT h"hh" IS IRS II 8 888 I Mill Mill I g S* K I II -' H HH S' 5 3 II Mill I 1111 Mill Mill I S S S III 2 2 d II I II I I 3 sss1 nil i ii 1 1 1 i || | M M M I § gagg »§§IS 88 1 18 13 1 I .11 I £ $W r~ S * I 2 331 1322 2 m s' rtrt s' 3323 >21 s's'-'s 33 II II I II *1 Stag IS I I I I I irts * 33* S' I I II I II II ■ 3 ggllglgg Ml I S 38"8'Sa 8" 8 is i i * M' 832881' 12SS33282 8 3“2^W I 1 1 1 2888828 fuss's ii 1 1 ii i H&'gM 2 pss * s %m$M $ j$$ <* r« I | | I I I I I I I g I I s' H' h § 8 3321888 ‘ g'l g n» rH II II I I I 15 • m i 83 12$ i • SR S' S' I 1 I I I I I SKI II I III £ **"9® 138 I ISfiP" 254432 0—41 - 16 234 3 s g s' si S- 111 IO H|s Miscella¬ neous and un¬ itemized receipts 2 Sales and services of organized activities CO Private gifts and grants 2 County, city, and district govern¬ ments 3 State govern¬ ment O Federal Govern¬ ment o> £af ao ifll w 3 I 1 55 Other non¬ expend¬ able funds <£> 1 a -o 1° § to Annuity funds - Endow¬ ment funds CO Physical plant M BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 00 00 I Q CO CO CNvfl nO'CO n t OW I SR 88 ‘SR3S ££S£8 fcstsss R$ 1 ££ cJSRFJrt c? r-T »A »A as c- f-l O vO gsJtesRs -t as rs 1 1 § 1 1 co *a ^ cv oo O' C" O >A O' NO f\ ^ ^ H 00 vO CO CO O' CA 1AQO va -sf vO sO s' 8«*8S $RP R Rgg CN fA fA lA s§m m us jrs vO IA O' »A C" O' C\ VACOO'sOCV O IA W - - noo'C' ~ RSV3 8“V »£s? *>831 S^'s 'SI ' :fS ■> !*-• ! i mil 8 I I I I I I I I I I I 5 1883 I8SS8 Va CO 8? M II I g I 1 1 I 3lgl§ HI gig £$ i a" g - * in'll ' ' i ' i aa 1 1 1 1 § ii ii H HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 235 1 11 If 111 spl § » sssh* ««sSs§ § asssss* s #*** » £ 6,836,813 5,698,106 4,753,870 1,973,272 2,730,598 921,795 296,551 279,398 345,846 22,4/4. 12,940 9,501 1,138,707 943,431 158,783 190,627 70,407 265,744 190,944 66,926 8 IASS** a $ggaag § tmm k §asaa« g i%£§ig § s^r^S g SH ' "I: i 1 i 1 MV 1 1 1 a 1 1 11 m 1 g 33 1 i 1 1 1 1 i 1 s mm 255,961 82,519 82,519 73,197 9,322 1 1 1 : 1 13 1 1 pp g 228 97,689 63, 523 63,523 2,342 61,181 sir" 3 KfcK 1 i 1 1 1 C*\ Cn • 1 i 33SS393 § 45,000 42,108 27,371 12,200 2,537 33,770 4.300 2.300 2,300 2,000 2,000 29,470 24,507 1,086 2,972 5,673 3,695 11,081 3 8sS' g >i ' III 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 g sp 1 1 ig 11:11: : : 1 1 1 : : : * s/s? -f -• s? sW * 3,707,669 3,707,669 2,940,006 1,016,246 1,923,760 767,663 258,313 224,013 285,337 III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,958,188 1,946,138 1,484,375 196, 500 86,000 207,000 994,875 461,813 70,000 73,721 103,000 84,742 52,900 72,450 § 11 1 11 1 3' 8 il 3? ' ' ' 1 5 85 3 01 III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 532,308 532,308 532,308 19,120 513,188 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ilf"" 114,327 110,731 51,516 498 904 57,073 740 3,596 3,596 126,745 6,382 120,363 115,644 14 93,966 7,161 5,858 8,645 1,671,933 1,099,833 927,260 111,391 815,869 150,132 38,238 51,385 60,509 22,4a 12,940 9,501 572,100 467,756 101,855 77,270 59,157 71,927 122,009 35,538 12,275 92,069 18,033 29,711 4,612 13,899 25,814 955,844 626,230 458,348 115,934 23,000 S! 167,882 14,237 42,151 46,115 29,401 20,000 15,978 329, 614 99,933 42,224 54,957 75,495 s 111' '"1 III SS 1 1 1 IS 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 § llilll 1 II 1 1 1 1 §§§ " " W CO*'®*® a* aaa* !- Ill1 11' ill ggnaiR 1 38,752 5,935 5,935 1,835 4,000 100 32,817 32,817 24,117 8,700 i i : i i i i i i i i i i i : i ! i i : i 1:1111 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § SSss iNi I iW g sSSS ii§ > i §M rS* hi a* i is ig 1 3 S 3 «««? as" 1 3131 I I s 88 1 I 18 11:1:1 I skis: I I 3 33 3 I §18' I I 3 §§ I 1 |§ 38! 1 1 1 1 PSSB « ' ' H* H*“ R S?“ » ™ " 236 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 COPN IA C- «A WN«QQ *AC-OQH vO Oi H 32 1 3 *1 R 3 StfgSa $ £33$ >§i ss CV H H S h&S R £ 3 353RSR RS3S8 5 rt [> \rv r-^ O co VN O- O O O O O' CD sf >A w\ vr> 8*885? 3 a s' 8*5gjj£s£ #8fc8S ^ *4> CM vO f^HCJf^NH H c5 83 n^M |*IM ‘ " " " & & -* -* ISS 3 R I Sli'M Mils 5 till SR R R i 1 1 i i i ; i ii i i msisa sags* sass $i***i$ **** 1 I I 1 | | I I I I I II Mill R g£ I I 1 I I R ! I I 1 I I 1 ! I 8 I I O vO VO a a i i i i rt SSR£$B SBSSS 8 1 1 I II I 1 1 1 I I 1 Mill vO H OH ^eo H o o o ^ o t> C^- vO rH OrH NO OHWP'HH cn c? $ i 1 1 i » i i : : i i I $ s S' 'g 8 S 6 i ^ « * R 1 i I I I i 1 I I I 1 II I I I I ! II II ! I I I I II I ««*« WJMjHH SfsjgS BS 35" ri I I I I I I i i I ! ! I I"! § ■ 1 8 £ " 8 § i ssasaa I I 5- gEJ85«Ef I I I I I I I I Hi 111111 a " " i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R gr at s' « *' i «. § S H § * IS I I I asses s*r;?rs* i i i i i i i i i i i i ii * i i i i i i * M § a S a i i i 111 rT rT 15,087 71,362 34,667 63,847 2,490 21,379 4,446 104,128 109,558 53,328 7,235 7,235 Mill 6,141 1.094 88 1 1 i M S*« 1 1 pi >3 1 oV *? 1,812 1,812 312 000*1 S' 1 1 1 sllg'st II >g§ ei1!1 s* ^ s' SSS • *8? 'r1 1 1 8§i 1 1 ™~R ag' 3* HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 237 TABLE 21.— EXPENDITURES, 1937-38 238 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 S 33835 *63638 * 8 gi'gsa * a sT£ aV 8°*“ c'vv" 8 38 1 1« 88" '« 1 gT sa a - s» 8 s§8jgj[ g a pag'sfd1 H" I 88888 sa§§sis I 5 g'§W sasi's's * «? sTr3 I * " ! 88 1 83 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | §1 £» 8 §888' 8 1 1 "8 3 £ " ** s ps?b mm s I §W§ " oT HH I W&M § ssss£ i 885H '61 *P * ^MJ a 3 p 45.700 21,000 24.700 1 888 n*i S?*^ «* 3 1111 cT 8 a" 8> 1 18 h" h » 388 "81 ££111 8 81 1 '8 sf**" ^ H •» 00 d 3V s? ! §§83336 86638 ££* d*i a" ■**$ 8 8 1 1 1 1 1 § 8831338 jf ggr a?** Pi % 1 pi! 57,867 1,668,751 1,446,197 66,866 43,611 188,326 139,831 90,371 u2£;S 14,474 95,223 127,858 § s m i §mm s* §§ss* s’**?* 8 £ vm as"**- 5 fll1 ||| 15®*? 8 §3618 oTh h i 3*11131 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 afaf a s 1 £§} 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 i 1 i 1 a 1 66 m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 §§' 1 1 a $ nn 8 liSsssaS *5684 8 3 SsSsi I 8386888 SSi§g 3 38388 8 s' 8 to" I a 8 a" 80,490 111 53,524 30,799 1,295 32,458 222,680 49,186 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 239 $ 3 £33 §§> § 3333*88 88* 68* * *3 8 88' * 1 1 1 MSI a ^ *»if £2 g Ja °r°? as * a'2 a 8 I as§. pgi 8 8588*88 18* 88* * *3 8 1 1 1 * * " * * * ' $ £ s%w [>v' ® sVs 5* fy"°r sv“ 5 8 s§§ 88* I 5i§' 'p§ 1 1 ! 33* 1 1 1 § SR 1 1 ! ! 1 1 *8* g ® *“- s £ sis «v* ™ as a I I s§s 1**8 8885538 385 §§ 1 ' 1 1 1 815858 1 1 *8 1 a * § £sVs a* ms ** &F***a 8 5 385 518 5 883855 * 536 833*58 5 3313313 553* a i ** | i|W £&* ass «*W3 SS* * 8 3 8 3»S* *3 S i 3 338 s£s 3 3858886 516 558833 8 5588555 5353 § tf£ 9*** | IpMS tfSrf 8V|»W 5 |g"W* MM 8 3 as §33 3 8893968 §33 S§§§'6 3 3583855 8S31 s $ gas a^a* g ggsisis sa* sao** H " as ao2 5 355588* 588 S88S-33 5 6333588 asa 1 a i a^a uCh'? ^ a>“" a'0'"* * as ***** 6 5 33* 8 18 8 63*3*8* 88* 3**311 1 i****** 1111 3 i 5 S3" " 8 -s a a * * * * * * a || ?? c$ I I 1 1 I Ml II II I I I II I I I I I II II 3* 8 1 8*5 111 I 38*8*9 1 151 * * * * * i i ggn 1 1 1 511. * or or * SV - - M & a 3 3 358 869 5 5363889 SB §58856 5 6353858 638 1 t i Pi «"»"«" 3 iFfss 3V3 a g^sMe Mf 8 8 ss£ sal § 3388883 as§§f£ I 3335555 gss * 5 6 § S §£ss§§ § s gVs a*1*'* £ agsssB ssi sasaH“ ~ gi ££££ a** “ g £ i 1 5 I 9 5*5*" i 5 6 a" 3" 1 i g 5 5*** *5 1 3 < § s; - " 5 3 i'i"i 3" 8" a" S ? » a S 8 8 8s* * -1 S * i 8 §§&«§§! * i 3 s' f I'SS'sM I s 8 S 8 g 2K8SS1 -■ i g S a'KR'sssp g i § 8 1.3! as « "H a * 5 5 5 !§ 1 * *! I iii* *' * 3 6 8 88*1*1 i i i 3 8 g I S'*1 11 J t i i *' *' s s * s mh: =«' a g s' tsl ' ?<" g g •5 833 >l> SS*5* 13*23 *28 *® 8*89 §§.ss ! 1° s ^af g « aV a$ if £"$» s' i i ig 333* 11 1 ‘l1 1 'S1?1 8*8*8 i 1 1 * * “ *2* »**'* * 2 c5 J " X 8$&2 *253 S31 ! rfR 3" ■ *3 3*3*1* 333$ * 23*83 8*83* *1**8 **Bj&* 35*8* 383* rn IJ H ggg r-TcT log' g gg g gg g g g ggg £238 ££ £2SRR aSS£$ £tf8S£ 3S“I C~rH CT'On'liHsO'O vpxtvfCPO' 10100(00) CNiCOOCOrH (OP"*' |g ssVssrt s¥“¥f i¥R'la" $ SKR38 2$8&3 «IS 888$$ a$3$ 88388 382$$ 8812 R3* S-vf^R®* 8U?'°"»W? S8V&3 *8 "93 53V83 t> »A O' cnp r^co 38»83P 2££$8 ?J3cJ8S RS8&8 g8822 8S£3t8 iO0IO'00'~t P-COnOOC- C'U'lOOitO POimpH vOr-tOplPO t0tV~J-40 (O CP ?V sO g g g g g gg gg gg gg g gg ggggg gggg II g II I I I I I I I I I I I I I Ig I I I I I I I I III!1 I I I . I m II I I a' £*§ ss&s §§? g&saa $§5 g£v oT^v'fj I^v-ov* Z-SA8* »V^g *jggg gasssfs; as* °0'*' «■? H 33ISSS8 868*5 ^c?c? «VnT^ R-?a o S|ls 1?|4| -sVr vm m. ««!*. 11 1 3RS8S ag£ tfS HS1 1,566 500 2,201 17,126 24,549 12,378 10,567 1,081 559 1,334 899 62 6,104 Sa^3§ JJcTrjHcT 888* ! 8 «§? ssia** at* j^gg glim i £5a&§ i ii s'f? s'5 -”' i aas's» i* m iisHas igsi3iis5 8 ifsa S SSC^S $9 "V* jj R I a sas ga&igg §§3 Ilsi'S 3 ggggg I S“"°“ ggrtR !?S» ^ ■* rfc? * 8 1 III II I I I 1 1 III I II I I I g S S*vv£ i 2 i i i *£i i igg ii i i i M 1 1 g ggi is a a"a a- $ B § 1 | 111 ||l|'|l 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 | ||p| 1 3 ssa Riirns p.s sisip. | mm * 8 333 SsS3®eS rs® sa*38!s g s*S8? oT oTcT r-T HH s i ass sgpip. m mv% a vm rt sNf5 a § 9iS «' ' »a SI SS831 »8« § 8I“§‘ "|! 1 8 38' « " sfi J *- - i- - - is ' gg^8" I'll! * §gg|§!S| I m'W !‘ >33 ■ iiis g ggggfcii" ^ i "s' ii h- H* i §|§gig gggi i g ggi i i ig i i Rii 1 1 1 i ii la i ggi i 8|ss|asi^ i 3 3a§' CJO'W.CN vC O' u~. H 04 vfi»nc\C ^tX)stT, CO NOiMA^rl CO CV C^N O fi nO Ol O fgg'Sl* «*»-*»' 3 s¥»SJ'§"”'ia' s' *'*'«'*' 3 331' »' I'g's'S g vO C*\t^ isms Ml a ggsass&g a aaaaaa asaaa i assi i g°|a|-gs s ***** “ §i&"' I ssagis a&8»| § 8$&333a § aj&aa % aaaj O^WjrjHC^ ‘A C\ CM jH g ^ ™ HH CM CV >1111 I I I I I $ S^gS I |§R g SS*svi 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i mug |||igi|| i ggngi m 1 1 $ ggi igig§ «v -' s' a * 3'r" £ II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I l SS I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I gg I I a e mm urn a asmaas a §m§§§s m*$ § sisp st giisfsi a gs^giigs » ssriis i £*‘s?s HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 245 1 >3 1 »» 3l8:8 1 1 11 3388 >8 ' $ ** H O HC? C-* ^3“ 1 1 1 1 IP -•'! P® !-2!- 1 J 1 «§ M SJ'SJ1 ' Mg IglM MS IS £ I I I I II rt|R MSI g J* c£ -J ^ H* !!!pS!asl,^!!'!S8' •si §ss'» ssass sssaa §' *sssss s <8* a'3" «? sVaVs sassV « W - PA PAP PAP. P.S.SA ss PPAA s 33* tfRSSS; S$3£g S0' gSSSSS 3 ssa §rpH mm $ 1 SSBSSS § =f£s? ^sjjJa avv-;3 « «w'sVor v s- gssas“ - i S S § m 599 S i i i &* r 3 22,843 29,687 50,850 U,939 28,021 11,042 e,273 87,025 7,752 7,944 21,312 21,512 13,146 36,832 11,668 19,083 31,740 45,091 53,032 6,170 31,594 4/ 4,674 3,000 7,954 SS 5,653 89,577 191,446 152,388 83,448 38,508 17,805 20,703 30,432 1,237 29,195 *-l§§ r! 1 1 1 ss >e i " a s s §' s' * i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 j @ g ! ! I, *1 pa1 Hi5i y sags sis g g al 15-SI Ml- 1 i P 246 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 fi (fa 2 a 3 A 1 A ■> llil Z oh - S- . g • 8 Mil!! li p w « ill ffii si si vO Oi fAO"I> NO 449 000 449 8£ i§ i ' HR §i3§S8E 88J 1 766 350 913 455 '§3*1 g§£agV gg ¥' R 3VV P cjf I-? JoTcT C^r-T - uV " » S *» S3 ■fc^So R § 449 449 w Fi vO N 1 i p 1 ' ■4 O CO O CA VA C\ i) CA UnSRS \\\ » 766 350 990 455 •>5§i VO 1A C£ CA >t rH vO H H O' r-T At SS?*** H H H>' s? oT £ £3 § § R §§' CA CO l|J 1 8JS s&ias&j Rill 1 t 1 1 1 1 g 1 >§g*« * SH iQ w> r* »a r- O' O CO H CO O TO H oT e? 0? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 # 1 cn 670 i § i i |g £§3 ! vO >4H 1 iggn §1 i'S8S S 3" R S cF njvOHOnio SS1 § 183 ^1 1 §9333£§ s &3t 1 • 1 1 Igl §1‘2SJ‘ g£RSV$ SI H IA IA H rH vcT CA0A <> §§aVasR D- HC~ MJ ,164,773 352,874 673,408 357,280 437,604 343,607 251,954 249,905 2,049 871,622 164,039 45,500 32,205 25,200 102,099 28,608 238,314 235,657 ,101,849 ,300,953 256,744 194,187 45,339 43,000 29,282 |3S3E 61.931 22,350 101,739 163,889 14.932 186,152 76,630 17,268 26,490 108,026 95,612 21,579 3 SI O CAC>C0 CM TO 5q 1 1 O •8 $83 OCA'A'AOOCO £8R888f! S8S 1 1 saasE mn n ^ 3 3 & ** gg i*** "3$ £S3V'oVV? (A S3g S" ag§3s!& TO H OvO vjsj gSRrtVJ SS, 1 C- D? 30,444 3,852 3,500 436 1,000 8,244 2,523 5,119 5,770 824,422 2 797,672 2 893 11,598 3,023 1,000 480 9,042 709 11,613 3,205 600 3,330 1,755 !!'*!!* £« |«RR »A oT^a 3S££i oioncv t HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 247 'S' 3'3§I ftift S'S'S wm ' '£sr gig aS'Slft gift 3 3S833 ps* " «* gY J« '*'* * sf s g * sg J ^ Jr ^ « J Pg $Y¥ «* pTcT h'h i»i 3'»i * 1 igiR 8£3§£ ‘ >p'3 Sifi i s§ 31" '8 1 1 *§ § §Fgg S3' £ cf hp? 3 p? ^ 3 R « " " « ■*-* s? 8 J 33 i§i iing i sii|5?ipi§ '§"' iiiftsS1 §'§ 8g'a?i g‘3i iiaftl'fta « av J * ^ £ 8 p* §5 H“ H“ $fs Jr ^ « g £ s §g sJ» *p£ SS2ft Iftft &33S s«fti §g$9S H» gig 8S'&iS 'HI £ I£»S£ S8E ** J $V$JJ rJ^sTJ a e?R'* SR s JJ g£ JJ •* « p* g Jg * J Jav §83 BSs i 388Sg 3>ftg silSS ggi$« 32' gi&ftftft S*8* g ft§S8 363 « J« JaVfjf sgssu a "gY JJ »"» J 3 g gg ga gjjg Sft Bill ftSft 38H§ ft'gft Hlil gft l*i SSS'g'S £#*38 S'K'lgR" a'Sl'g' ss'S'gl 8S* g g Sagas sag |r a'R'ggg ssg'gs s'g'*' ftt i'mss's s'a'g's' s' #gv'g'§' §'§£ S? «T cT P?P? H“ S3? Sfifta prSpp 8I9SS §§i£s §8358 35§ Sis &858B §§33 3 89383 H§ J»J 3383 J HVYY JJJg®' 3'dV'|8 Jpv cHr JJ^J” “'‘?J'°“ P |YHYfi s§¥ IBS »Hg$ ftft3 SSjRft I||8a- $8383 883 g. •§ 588888 8888 £ 31»$! «SB vOHm pp^oo -^vOpTipco fi->a“>p pi h p?o sD'O pi pi Pjp? pi h inn g?^ pi pT '^JQ^ III 1 8 I 1 1 S I I I I | I I I I 8 I g I I I 1 §g I III SIS I 1 I ! I I l I I I £ I jjg ggg p? «? H S? rfff W K? p? h'p? q'pT «Vn P? h'h la III 1 1 1 1 i § i I i i im»i i i i I i iiisi I i i § I ! I I i i i i iiti g hR isg «ia R S g ^ - I R§ 8| - - "1 1 1 " I §" " gi^i ipj I 1 1 i|l a|i §J| l N I i I ling ggigs 1 1 1 aV 2- 33 Srs ssSSs S8SSS M 1 S$1 SSSS? SSSS* ssl g^l sSISSS i§gs 8 Sl«*g ESI *•«**• a's'gVg' fsWf s Sg'a -Ysrs BuVff m SifB giass'a ass's g a|-'s'a n" K «? p?p? h-'h" m pm mu iim !i| y. #. m *m * mi* m 3^ ° 832R3 R'DR3°' ^3SS Pl^^PS R^0' 3®” MfV3H P 3§HSS 3pJ8 248 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSnTUTIONS 249 §'3‘" 1 1*1 ! ! I 1 1 1 IS I II 111 age IBs §> 1 >S RR'Sg RS'SR 1 gi 1 H iH <>5?**^ H r-T>0 CO cT CtT cT H* cTr^C^C^ oT a? *"Mi ll*l! 11111 "«ii in ||llg»|"‘| nn| P8i|| gsj§s i 331 g i s 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 i i i 1 1 is 1 1 1 i i i §3g i ii i § ii ii s i is i i inigs if i i $gi § ' ‘ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 uni is 1 1 1 ni || ipig 13131 R3R8g 8385?* ig p'““ 1 1 '&1S " 1 1 1 a 1 "a >" s333S£s Ha1!' Um Silas H H |§'° RSV d£ rfaVss* a tf* p«j BBJ S«| iu« « P§ IPS SS If! PS I IS! !'}«$' §§§ '| 11111 SR «!R >?| ||s|||| |gi|| mu ||||| mu | |I| |l^|« 3831S 1 88 §§ 1 a 1 838 |pi 1 88888 8|gs |||p | |£g 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 Egg 1 1 1 $8 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 ii 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 33 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II SS II I 8 I Mill 1 1 1 if 1 1 1 1 § 1 1 1 1 1 I III 8 8 SS8 fT 8 gsfcf 833388 g£g§a s§i§§ *»s§t §R8 §sSB£g ^§§5 gs|g| *ss§: j£g£?j£ SRSdfl S3£3i 888388 8 '8 '8 g >$88 888 s*S5s§$ sslgsg sg|£s 3IS§s 3 gs§ a •** •* •* ~ -** if* asTasP sk--- dVsW assa- ^ - ss- TABLE 21.— EXPENDITURES, 1 937-38— Continued 250 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 | |i = 5 M ■ it h Ill'll ■ i • NH ■ 1M1 - p§" a s«a s g ^ « f sf rt“ c? H O? n" amis Sfiig&g &'§'§§ • £ £$ gas' - h jf * - '31 1 I * gig s'li»i S" S SS^"a " a' a SS'iffl 8 ipjl £8 01 SJ asa ^ I ill 1 1 1 1 I I l83,aI||,!,,?lT58 'S"| I ‘ * "gig I a s' "HI I gg§3983 $*§£$ 8 *faswaV ^sv * a'isg § mmi SjIS S'S'i1 A f rtssWg ^aV a ^ SSS83 § 8 ss'W a a 88«*' a glSsSH - - -§g^S?aS-WK"3 **m I &§AW »J» *'«« ^ ■ 4 «Wi« ^s^s I gsassa gas a °'^o,H hp'n ^ ^aasa“ "saass |ga3B 8 §3§£g§ *8S Sgasgg ssgg£ § £***£93 Um% O gT^gSV ^VV « H- H or oV^'oT^oT^ oToThV j £ s $$*&$ 1 1 11 1 9 £f §311 ass "‘in 8 SjpSng pfa'S mug 3S8S «§■£&» I “ ' I I | SW •*' as S,S'*C I I I I I I 88 I IS I I I I I I I I II II I I *§ I |§ l I I I I I II I I I I I £ SS IS I I II I SI I II I Igll I I §| I I I I I ins II HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 251 *8 3S333£5g823 *5g*"8 sum §3 s >§ 1 1 1 >88 > ssssssa ^ a |gv“ rtrf s^^s’ gi°r| H“ a» p £" g gg^Sls* Si" I gifigi 1 g 8*833® 8*33g aagS' ' '31111 i i gig i l I '§. . g gg i|§§ J I as sta * s's'-'a' - s' ?$'■ s-a gigi i 8'§M " S 8 SIS' 1 1 SRS'S g£§5"§ ' " ' ' 13 § i| 1 1 1 isg i s gH-ggs H - 'f § *Ve? «5 a* gf** H" S5S? P P" § gtf£g£S SRSSp *5883 > 5 S 583 • 1 5*38 ‘8B '3«SS S' 338583 ! '8* i ii"l'§ •*aV3$ a** - a sfa«* 3 arfa £££» a- - a - a ss g s StR£* S58S8S S I 35S535 58588 §8558*5 *-gSV| gaa-'-BS a' 3 gifasgji jfgg'gg gpfsfss 81 S33SSS S •§ I S Rlssas p aVsavV a * sC £Sg§pg 3MSS ?38S§ |£giS|S I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1| "1 1 II5-S-I IS’I'S i 1 1 I I I II 3 1 1 1 13 I I I I E~ £§gg I I II I I I II II 8 Sfi 1 1 3 1 IS 1 1 1 33 1 ii • 3 1 1 I 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | §§§r 1 1 I «"t i "v a' sW mu &aasse s s ?sg§§3 asias g«gg«§s gsssa rs tmn spsis s assass 3 § 8§E?8gg sfgfgg gssss&s a££s?£ 33 jf333®"a 3rfa"3 sf gggg^g* £S§§3 538*55 8 5 538833 3*183 8888883 §£§■>£ 58 835888 8S88 § s®§3 3S&“\* p“°r * g £§3*8$ §£rt£:f ]JsfS8aa'? ^3^3? S’* $**'W‘hV «> ° g 252 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 a "o •3 la § •1-8. i § 1 1 |P|B l|lg! B £ s 5 i EH * I rll Physical plant oper¬ ation and main¬ tenance 00 Libraries r- Extension Organized research separately budgeted Resident Instruction AND NONBUDCETED Research Related activities - Colleges, schools, and de¬ partments « Adminis- and general control ! IS S I IS 88 11! If! ' £ tx ** s 8 l I 1 I I i I i I I 88 I I I 5 1? i 9R i g 1 1 § ^ 3 S S ? N I M I PgSSI Ig S Igg 3 S'0"* ^ 5 "* si 88 1 III « l$3 CO CO O' OH && is? 58 a “3 & 9*888 a “ ^ 3 “SS 888 ?§3 §S8 £888 §§33 88881 c|Pft coPJR ^8S^pJo}S S 8 SI R f S * c*^ o T £ 3 S 8 8 & SSI 8SI-S888 1881 O' >« HHO ft* aS^S 8S3‘ ^8 3^8 CV (T"0 CO CO §§* 333 89S8S188 88*8 S§*fc§ mi in i i i i i 1 1 ini i i i i i 881^1^^111111 I I I I g l§ I I 5^ * »i 1 1 i 1 8*£ss 3885 g sa ^ r^wV as* !# gl§ 8 Ss§£ gig' § i**"s - - 1 1 1 85 ■ sCtf Is! S Sgsg ?I Ig g viTcn C«\ oT oT 1 1 1 187,579 57,770 8,400 35,827 6,485 29,342 % WA W& 3 ag-'P SajSJn H 5 ¥H ?P §»S »ss i 58«a 83S1 a is>| ««>'§ §*sg £8K £§.* 5SV“ m 3 Mag §?■§! s' srl »'**»' PI 838 338 g 838$ 8888 aaH' H ri ^ is 3 8'°'*°' 1 1 1 i i I 1 1 1 1 8s >8 "II s' ft S 1 1 1 I" 1 1 1 S S3 'a " " i si s' 1 1 1 i i i S'l S ?|p3 3 '3 1 1 #1 i 5 1 1 1 m £$» 11 3 H2i SISS S iP'i 2>'«'§ O'v iH IP agg aw 1 esp sap pa i srs »■"*« a""‘> 68i*S»3 33 *** vm mv - sasv ' S ISSS S!?"S 3 alls a - " 88' « 583 “^3 ni'i *88“ «D 1 ins s'*- §§i i igi ii * 8'sai s§b^ i ^ S3 i s 38SS |tg "2 E Sll« ” 3551588 ***" "ri S33 ssa - S3 5515 i'i' ‘ ' a § °r” ~ PIS mu if S i P.'S s tp.se * Hs 8 S 0s'aS $ S8S38 »" p^s *Ws“ §'*£*£ 3 S8I33S8 88333 $8385 3 gs3i*§ §3388 s's" hhVVi' «? I £S IS I IS I I I I l I I § ° I II ^ t 5 I TOM Mil; I I I I I fill! r?r? H I Eg I I I I i 1 I II I | I I I I h' s m&m M.SW i#jks " gga=»§33 s»*h® sR§"s c?oT ^ § 3*81531 *8385 335S3 " *«"R8*StP £«»££ S'tf£H*R 8 S £§§§ 383838 3 I slsg" Sill'S"' tt oTm H* r? 8 I 383? 388353 sC “ ’ " * * ' « 1 SagS §§s§pe » H gf **«» £ I i 33 1 1 1 1 8 U i I 3 gg I g I I I I I I 3 a'a' a" cv S£'£ 8 S3 3 ^ 1*1 I I a* § 1 2123 s§s<§3§ * § i£§i l*>W a" - 8 3 s&IS 88SSS8 £ g §£££ S°r3T^°r S TABLE 21. 254 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 §i§H8 I 8 i$ I I I I 1* *S 1 Mill I I S II I I SgaRg S m\*A a vmi cvr^cnc^ *4 1 1 ‘ l 1 | ! I I I I I 11118 I I gggl Igg §5 I i I i 8S1 i igi si i i i SX?£ d 'irttl'" | mm' ?§ • 11 gSSVsM "§ • lisssss iss«a gsVs *s gV s' a liisgas g«ss; -■ m$m i»“§ iggi$ 13m ?in Sf SfT rf R 3* i I i 1 1 1 1 i l§ . Ig l§ 1 1 i " ‘ *8 'ps" >53*8 «I I i $« jw « §§sa3 'isgg sasss 331 ■*•**•*$ g'-'s j as-Vs' sg $zm '&&' siM* m *o,RHg sas sa'*83 isi sisra sesss m *YP*Y sW»' Sana's* s¥s" O c*\ I 1333888 §83*3 8888S 8888* 3*§S§ HI ff^sfRSS 'Wps ^33“g s^SCjJ'* *S8S3 g§5§i *3188 3?§ riV g *V £ a 1 $3*pgts 355*1 o-^oTcj'^oT^ sVh h'h I ££ . I I I I Ip i I I sta rf Mill I I I I I I I I I® III H V 1 II 1 gg 1 1 1 1 1 is: 1 11 SY a rH 1 S31 1 1 1 1 ign 1 Ip * §8883 i KRSKC? £ SMJ.I * O O CN CO O ^ tmm sas§< |f?fsS£$3 I I 1 Ip IS 18 I | I I I I Igl a a 3 II II I 1 8 I I I I II M Pg I 85.8 siiaf g§Rgs" sssgp ssgg vo“ H . i «MP. Slip ts* \'r"S S§*?jj'0 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 255 5s *££§ 3' 1 13 £§3*83 $S - - $*-**$•* >8 8 8§‘S83 §£<££ i a §£ r *i cT oTh J 'IIs" !m!§m sa ssisa Min §asggi S'® -“"a- S" ”3 SI gs«s 8SSIS s§3SS ‘ s as'cf * * 'i '§ 1 §1 3 S8*«* 88 ‘88 S tf ** * 5 83‘S8S 8! ‘88 S ii Mi r M H HH I «'«' a 1 «! gg 3888 SB'S 88 1 83 > *§ « is *‘a s§ 8 83>388 s§£>§ ** 8* £< £is r* * oT . H H* 3,185 1,307 200 221 •S8 ea'R1 1 1 H $ 1 1 ' v|‘§* 1,127 330 55,073 49,212 2,000 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M l S3 ‘8“ i 1 1 M ** 1 SI3I8I 1 IS S||g|K! sS H sgasF ^ a ' Ill'll 1,632 6,058 847,636 842,042 11,385 106,006 53,451 22,811 40,038 103,671 404,406 62,246 63,401 103,408 38,711 29,164 35,711 33,172 38,593 2,662,447 2,532,005 40,551 262,104 95,823 94,842 114,872 65,514 194,242 51 33883 333833 SI 8 933383 98888 s-g aw «■«* **«.*•» a- i ii&i gg ®i*s e ias 1 fis»3s 1 as i isgass sisss sa sfTr^ sv " 01 g IsT’sfeV ga*s*a i ' mi 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a 38‘83‘ 31383 a 3g S3 sss"« I MINI III <3111111 II SB till § IS | I I I | | | | ss I I I I I I III 88 IS I I I II oToT oT TABLE 21.— EXPENDITURES, 1 937-38— Continued 256 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193&-38 * m * i H* >§ £ Si HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 257 g* ‘33i * ‘g'a a 1 1 1 i £* i i -* l“p‘ Ill's ' ‘I'l ‘ » SJ «3‘ 1 Hss' ' ‘ft‘S a I “ ppisnr m mm 1 §§> S- £*$ 3 *»£ 33 893838 £§g£3 31983 I ^5 S$j*H mts * *** aigggg 3&5§s sms a iss 8 a hsih ss? 33133s ibis § sssiggs isu SrVrS $?*"*£ ^ 3 3- 3 R ggaW £s 3 §---33 3 gjW 3 arf-V pllf SSI I'll ! ^ s | P|l| III !!'-'! S'P I ||!l,§l 55*5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i iii | I I I I I ISM I I I I § I I I III «* SIMM II I II II IS I I III sT a I 3 gg§3 IS III II II II II I II I II II I I I s' sl"¥ I ^ ^l|M III SIMM Mill I II II I I! 8 83“ 5“ 1 * EsIS 11 1 1 1 » 1 1 i§ 1 1 1 1^| i § m i ii i o“pJ wC CO* V\r4 W? II II II II 1111 258 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 sgppg1 8 38gg S'gS&i 13 1 — S §!^| 5 $** ** 1,500 1,000 500 1 1 700,949 403,428 "i1 nr $5,691 2,393 550 1,178 1,570 387,457 202,680 156,673 19,780 136,893 44,507 884 6,091 7,501 4,131 25,900 S§ 1 18 1 hh“ 1 1 Esi 3* IIS' HSSI >? $11,360 1,978 600 127 758 1,590 1,379 -,151,132 634,960 262,335 54,470 207,865 372,625 340,531 10,273 660 21,161 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 516,172 308,973 MS l 1 IS 1 1 h" $27,536 4,341 50 13,071 796 1,789 679 6,810 262,625 ] 15,446 15,446 15,446 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ir 1 W* 111393 88 i S S333 8$ >£*8 p1 1 ^d‘^s‘^3' PR § §Y 'Ys i § 1 1 1 3 1 oT |l H* ,470,887 837,984 85,678 ' § ' 3 S»S ' ' ft 8 sYs? s sY'-Y 3£S§:f 1 IIP1' 555 8 SP sWtfsSfsV Y&Yf 1 sfgsW sVVnV £§gg B&583 53« 8§i|iS‘ «M ■ *V aWas $* sp - $£3 £ §pIS 538*3* §S£ 28§££ 1 SS 38SS5SS gssgg H“ 8 83 33 sage 38888 853 5888388 38**8 88 § 313 CO^'^OjV oVrTnVoV « « hh* III 33 I il l§ I ISM I I I INI 1& ! S I I I I I I I II I I ! I I I It II 1 I I I l I I I I I III SgStf I I” g I I I I II till 35883 a§S S883S8S 85335 §8 § gVggijf ssv' »a »8i « • !Mi' §a« aigaa aa» 1 &§3$§si “ S £ h-h' g «*%? g"g£«V? g £.8* tfrfrfgW HgV f-'I'S- 1 '!'!- !"" Il'p 'll' 1 1 1 T »' '§ !'!*!• m f 1 l!'l |I' s" '8 'g' '§ SS'gi s' '3§ 31" ' ' I '£' I II IS II S3 i §R1 II «ii i S I1SS g i i s J ■»• J a * 3*8 |J 3 - a'J §” § - sag' s SSSISSgaSS as '32 gEglia§g'S igSSIS SSSSI 3 '§'3 "§"?» SggggS 63 ' 3 oTo? «f 3 <™ g* jf^cr H“ * a * r^s * ss §&$& ' e&a 1 1 33333 man 8K s m$& » 1 r £ ■* a i ?f $V 6*Ygs? ssr^s g&f i g4^ 2 &d3 " -*Wg §£ ssass sggsS urn g§sg» glass ssaas hsis §ga§3 m a S£§sg aas aW am& s>W s' *& a <&f# sfi m * mi m H t-* H i-T <* H 264 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 1 r^a llil U s»l r I s 5 j Ba •< I 1|11 S. 1* alii ■gf* ill *2 .2 <2s allf 1 2 3 S § ^ *•» So « smsh 's " « «r |> | 1 1 1 1 1 1 «| |R ! 1 I 1 1 1 in § ig 1 1 I SR I I I *8§gs 8 >8 I I g i * * * * i tfgsftftrtf n i-T I 3 gi r i iii 1 1 s i| i ig iii a ssssss ' is 'ss i 'i 1 • s “ » J •*' I ggWs? sa“ »"*" ” ” § I' p1 j | 111 1 . . |3IP"ip,!IPISpIIIPI,I 1 81 PI i ipiilPlP.IPl d |a 3 gssass gas«as *_ |SSs|«S S3SK£ S«S8 - | V fPlPMPlll ss.l a ii§lpsaiM§ss| is 3 a cts-"*?; gasjaaa cT rs cToTcT min him mu iss ip'ii iiii ii1 mi n phi hi mss? 5§$§$ um asas § B§sg* aa*g§ 8&3SS §§a§ sas)? mm m §££g£g £sgsV gs&gg s3§g R *£»£££ ;J£dV£ ££aa£ m g gsss sVssgs ep&f mm spHp a§s§s ssis a 33§gg$**a*i mm §§g* §§& ga»”RS asaa'd jWs* £ gp-^r^ «*#T oToT * i I I 1^ 1 I 1 IS 18 1 I I I 1 I I I I l I I I 1 Mill Mill IMS §§§ St c? h sp- sp-tfCiA I I II I I a aaa 33 S !gg£§ g I I I I g I I I I II I I I I II I II I II II I I I I I I II g gill g I I 8 I g §■§ # """g - - a a - - - a a mm s&§§3 ssa r££su? sVasrsC ££$$ £ s?££a',£e? 8 a 5 “a asa^a £rj? g* |ggg §[£££££ saV c? a* H h- 338382 BH$ &&$£ 58*8 § Sft&S £§3Kg £§§§s §££§ %m *8§§3S §83 ss'aasa aa£aS aa”a^ a'aa‘5 ^ ^ a^a of 1936. 266 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 ii •s -o a 2 ca 3 gag H O g Sj IsBI Z oh - 1 1 1 g ! i H * « •< c ! 1111 H.2 | g. Uiill gao.|S| liaa, O - g-o ii "O 5 1:1 ii jKll 6ls| 110,000 10,000 1,670,515 1,022,179 151,570 352,727 72,588 84,592 232,132 31,008 97,562 $£§ 1 S 1 i |n 12,802 1 IS3 235 76,456 ‘f1 i II g 1 220,751 38,985 19,677 57,383 13,438 91,268 383 1 11 isH' i ill 5,002 i i 1 1 IS 1 1 i ‘S $10,000 10,000 ,387,280 801,428 151,570 313,742 52,911 84,592 174,749 17,570 6,294 sssxs IS 1 CO CO o o ITV »Tv O »/> mco^ „ i ^ ii c*\ oT 1 18 I “|3 1 1 £ 1 I 2 ‘4 F- S3 I I 8 I Kg I SR ™ Sh h 5 ClrH « s** i i 3" g 1113 si I 1 I » * I II o I S§g S £^' p *8 VNO vfl CD O' O' Joo* oTvo* oT ^r-j CO CO CO CO >J->*vO CO >t O' CM vO S9S&I3 ssssga 3§3£§£ 13 & 1 * fgWa'jf i S1 m »v^«v jfa 5 • iss S9SSI II 88sf H CM 3^g“«ga*a* i1 -^3 §r«*£^ ss 452,574 2,177,948 381,081 10,790,614 3 10,585,891 3 382,524 93,507 209,501 50,781 40,318 224,830 514,271 27,160 22,984 147,229 24,929 25,975 99,467 383,939 25,948 349,452 119,082 283,491 76', 387 55,519 174,764 110,358 &&& O O' VO Q''0 nO O (\ cn >A O' CV O' gSsli S3 O' O >A '*d"' vO vD r— 1 H UNp C-vO |C\ w^oT R^SJSV 85 24,483 60,461 16,837 455,521 442,699 18,315 4,445 7,482 727 §> i «3 H 1,547 2,238 20,538 1,110 18,199 4,805 8,381 2,363 1,191 24,217 4,578 ss §> i||i s ssi1 ig «w« |8PS|g i> cn *33388 H* fS1 sag I I II I I CO | II I II I II I 1 1 I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 I I I II r?i H'a'S‘ # ft "' * «* IP.3.W. «39 i8SR3Rs H <0«C P.S HSS.P1 S3S 3&MK0"0 I l| I I 1 I I I I 38$!* »“•*£$* 3S3SI 3338! 1 1 Ipi 8 I sf a ra. « S3 8333$ 58 sfssss *'» HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 267 ‘|| |||| i HI" §l|l I |8"a 8 '8 §§§ _ ,? ««« * SJ1®1! saascra ^ s * a 'S' Ip1 m" . Is'1!- s's !!§ 1 1 HI"! 1‘lifi 1 I isg£§s I an i rg 'ig iag|i ii vv ‘ i§ " i mi i"i° £-r“r g " ** H* sf s a SSSsa £3333 1 1 'll ^1^1 ** I SIS' 3 *£!£"§ 88" " 1 s 1 " " s»a sJ&jsa" ^ ag aVa ^ ^ s as s J *«* 28§ figsas §gg§< leaaa **»§* m mu a sa&fisss sassag a g""s pps rs&xr saVa “I^r" sags a 5 sgWg'sa saVsas a p sf 1 ii is in 111 p in i iii 11 1 pit H « C-" >o"w? C? oT r? IIS 3§§8S PtfaSs &33K SS851 SaS £§§r fi Sislgll si££Sa I 8888 >3 ass ssass gssss ^s^ss »vVa5 ®v“c5‘ § ssYsaag gssssa 3 3" p ^ !?-! !Sp Up mi II! |S! II § |||I| |?-|!-!-S § f'S« III isisi IS I I 1 ig 1 ig sggu III INI g gsigng ISIsgg g . oT H* H « jf -? oT | ££ | £ vO III I I I I I I 18 I I II I IS 18 I I I III I I I | £ 8 1 1 1 ISg I I I I I I I I I I I I I * H" £ & i ** S II I I I I I 118 II II I |* g I IS I III I I I I g g« Ig I IS H* * S? » " R £§ “* S I I I I I I I SIMM m M SpSI SSIH 38S88 333 p3i « I33MI3 SS8SSS 3 ESS*« £s§ 3£&g£ sssss gssgs sart sssa g $$333*5 sggsss 8 rN3-,r' III 111 gi tiff fill P m | 111 pis I ii §* H lif mi III! i 268 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 269 !@i 8' 1 1 1 }S« Sp| »S fl|| p'S' |S'P S’ '|| "of- 19315V 270 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 « M Mi as'ssssisss '**" §*3»3 i&igi 1*313 gngi i"W a"g"-" ps aV ^ - a - i a 3§igi 8'3“ *85" “l§‘ »‘8'§ 8*»8» a jf s * a * " s* | i*i«8 '§§§£ i8»i ‘ gsi >g ‘pi i ‘ '*8'3 angi A? «" § aV - - ** - - - 88 » 83 838*8 >88«« a§§32 '8 '£8 '8»88 S ‘88 i* £«" ** " *«“*** *?* *«? i H S«| ‘3 888S* “SPp sSSsS §"§§ 88138 §s£S «V 5 *£«"$«" 5“ a «W* - tf-f&f {ffrfg* Pi' 888 '8 as- a 5XS5 88 '35 *5883 83*83 $s£§p 83 >88 SS§£I 3*18 is" *"« gsfrffsf -"a"«Va" *«"a"tfa" *•" a J i*a"$ *5 '88 '3333 85888 83338 '3'SiS 8R888 §3! jf«f «*? ,?£.? «* H* -*vO* ^ oToT^ oV, 1# tit SSSSS sv‘s"”"a" Ig8 I to IMIS 1,224 1 1 II 1 Mill INI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IMS 1 Mil N IP 1 M 1*1 1 1 18 1 INI* INI 1 M its i M| i a ii i \a ft R a s' a 1"?' I5M 1 1 1 1 II Mill Mil 1 II II 1 ft II £ 1 11 § 1 •** I i a" St “ * - 33883 38338 51*88 388*3 883*3 88883 |gV§V £*■»*£* flftfo"*" tfaYfl? a"fi"~3"sf pspsr fttj& *8385 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 271 ■?'S? 1 3 gif siejsi 1 1 1 ft i i a s a a ° I 5 £ rT § ssgia § *i 1 >ag §e §8'H' S S s'S »'«' 3§ rT rT rT i i >ag i "a p!'S 1 1 1 l & i «■ § 9 § § * 3 « 8 § »n P'H rir {vm 1 3 3- lai'gi 1 1 1 § 1 \ i S|II rT § u' 's s a?"g§ is *a* g s 3's ■“'s' a'f 26,753 4,191 *496 8,095 13,440 68,681 3,827 45,798 8,984 10,072 1 1 1 a s 1 U ' ‘ 1 IPI IIS1’1 p III ' gV ssVC g s? 1 § 9 I sT 1 mi 1 IP! 1111 193,243 59,859 40,829 172,490 228,284 321,950 m § § 1 a S H* a 5 a ? a § * $ i i oT § sgsss 8 gsgsas is B g>'s'SS g's mn a SSiSt* 1 1 1 I 3 1 till 1 £ vm A Pit*? P «§*"* g SS-“«§ s|- ?-!!!! 5 twes O' rv rH >* 1 1 * ft ft S ! tu i w k s a !• gia'ss sssip.se sr ■“ § s= l 1 li 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 s i 1 * s 5 ? R R 1 as 1 1 1 s sa"g ' a' sa 1 SS ” 1 1 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 s 1 ■ a s g a i § l $x\\\ § 88 I 1 1 1 1 i SS if ifif fill' S tf I'll" O Jrf 1 1 1 S in 1 1 § ! 1 8 1 W >3 ft SRUgl M ££ £ £ ££ * SftftftR 8 &*SS 8ft&85a ft $ §> i O' 5 g i ft f s 3 a i s-fSS £ s? I3SSS * SSSiKa gg gg3s§ 1 3g3§$3 Si rT rT 53,754 12,299 7,476 £3 18,785 s 1 i § i SS8 S S g £ s' ft 9 a asaafts sh gV-coW g? ££ 272 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 273 lil ««.« !p'|!! ,l,l' ,#»l IS1" m§! 1 ||8I Nil § Ijflcf glftl* 88«3'S' Ssl 1 8 £5*5 33'gg s- - :f gtf s s- sa 8S858S3 g§gg 8 81 I 18 ** rf g tfrf jf - " aftgftsss sigg § &§&£ a -a § 5^s pfssi 1838838 *g£g § ssSs 33383 SW8*"! **$* | ||§| SS *SS§p3§ 8883 i *§3* 38883 £*&•“$** $ agaV §Ws Sill !M3 1 HI pi ggi "gs 1 1 M 3 IS'S Sin* h\h h g ap 5 * l l i i i i l i i l i I II I i I I ill! I I IH'M I SS'S 8Mg§ * $£ £ o *■>,? vO H H H 1 ii'i1 1 I 1 1 1 "S' I1"1 Hi|l 1 afF 'I'!1 IS" 1 I3J 1 1 »ii»8 i 8 307,054 247,743 700 5,777 35,779 10,514 '§§g» aVav' 1 1 ‘S‘ §1"? a3S§2 § r r a "asfs?" r 8 88 i igi i ' 1 i II 1 II 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 as - i a i 1 1 i i i in II 1 II 1 1 Mill i. 8 1 W§ If 1 1 1 III ii i I lag is i i i ss nm 83888 c?SK'°"d‘ ^tfcjsp I '^itemized total of *414,180. BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 iasas ' a 'll ' § §3853*3 §3§» ssnaa s1 si§"s 1 'S'i1 F ' * ** *$&&**%* *** s oT oTh la's*' i Mg i $ °*£g §gi i§g gi ssi i ‘g i «?!§ S" " 3 jfa* •* rs a* HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 275 TABLE 21.— EXPENDITURES, 1 937-38— Continued 276 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 l! M 1(1! Ml A** 1 I m w 1! Jfil |M! i s 1 1 1 1 1 406,111 357,317 314,358 48,573 265,785 42,959 19,082 11,802 4,680 7,395 48,794 48,494 46,898 1,596 8 149,849 45,768 43,099 2,669 2,318 153 198J i'll Mill 161,238 138,426 113,704 35,363 78,3a 24,722 11,895 7,293 4,680 854 22,812 22,512 22,512 § 29,321 25,078 22,409 2,669 2,318 153 198 $2,000 13,559 II 1 1 1 244,873 218,891 200,654 13,210 187,444 18,237 7,187 4,509 6,541 88X«i 1 120,528 20,690 20,690 $4,109 1,875 1,540 §3* 1 ' £ h* 8&'8‘ 3 s 0* 202,287 125,923 125,523 400 400 $4,600 3,000 68,124 44,072 12,714 oWn 408,492 370,731 332,381 192,772 139,609 38,350 16,105 8,2a 4,718 9,286 37,761 20,917 10,950 9,967 16,844 617,824 185,651 165,854 19,797 13,966 5,276 555 $17,690 11,575 86,173 229,361 39,007 sssss 2,776,640 2,194,459 1,934,481 948,861 985,620 259,978 83,790 30,216 42,585 103,387 582,181 533,277 426,870 75,759 30,648 48,904 SS5 »S3S f J i «« OT rf H $2,237 13,561 3,579 9,182 7,814 12,023 4,238 1,243 10,313 § sgssg 1 g$j£ Ms- 5 813 3883 5 8 g? 95,720 85,249 72,473 43,071 29,402 12,776 3,024 2,127 1,748 5,877 10,471 8,471 7,806 665 i oT I ! 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S SSS3 1 1 1 1 1 888J 1 1 III II" | S'8's'g g g g 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 722 722 422 999 423 300 300 §§§" 1 HI "ii 1 SSS'3 oToToT 3 s' s' § I3§ 1 mil 3 Ss's ga ' 1$ s 3V p - 88BH- mSVoVo* 1 35,446 25,701 25,428 273 273 $10,836 8,000 41,325 18,184 18,331 17,397 as asi 1,482,009 1,081,212 927,982 579,856 348,126 153,230 44,273 17,319 27,875 63,763 400,797 375,190 305,830 52,028 17,332 25,607 1,067,380 590,649 5a, 799 48,850 22,361 13,994 12,495 WM 16,491 5,127 5,832 2,580 323,863 : 244,597 204,955 97,099 107,856 39,642 14,047 4,458 5,266 15,871 79,266 64,459 44,015 12,240 8,204 1 3 || IPS! HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 277 a* ** !!!' '! WV Wst ^ 55S8S85 IIP IH§£§8 I I I I I I 1 I I I II II Ill'll1 p; IIP 1,597 1,259,437 •899,598 821,752 13,388 12,063 620,570 17,670 142, 145 3 3&3S§ S*| 1 MR a pVHa fa 84,544 10,654 19,937 133,656 987 39,354 1,000 19,266 2,024 2,024 282,580 159,588 137,885 12.670 12,063 37,886 17.670 49,459 8,137 21,703 3,000 8,145 7,811 2,747 122,992 111,004 3 hV‘ £ s 1 lg to* 2,024 2,024 £ g 188 '3 1| J S' IS' s « 7,779 56,143 20,837 18,267 739 16,300 236,847 202,282 2,500 39,715 9,395 11,966 96,607 281 29,453 1,000 10,477 1 1 1 865,433 sas 18,412 6,400 273,176 4,680 62,288 57,704 44,808 10,000 24,280 10,528 427,965 300,484 16,948 12,337 4,100 300 35,330 23,068 27,252 2,770 17,831 32,320 22,329 19,956 7,015 75,774 3" 1 i 1 4,159,387 2,501,190 2,014,931 362,165 22,570 671,818 295,478 466,514 196,386 486,259 133,047 114,289 62,484 176,439 1,658,197 1,307,434 26,235 38,917 6,996 25,292 SSi-S' *3831 33' #*'»' 3*fl'S's'5' 2,591 2,591 80,904 9,164, 514 5,746,718 5,008,630 561,421 279,426 1,461,841 311,114 2,139,760 255,068 738,088 220,705 184,878 156,151 176,354 3,417,796 2,839,205 10,895 69,407 86,658 30,791 83,151 602,966 55,682 88,994 298,484 110,991 321,403 85,355 258,142 13,464 111,831 369, 314 100,776 9,055 91,721 s § assssss s &£&§ zmm ssss? 1,050 12,167 57,028 as? 55 59 5,221 354,978 ] 210,766 182,457 41,396 32,270 96,550 8,257 16,599 7,385 28,309 5,923 4,381 7,010 10,995 344,212 131,142 2,960 2,537 4,792 ««*a sis iij ^C0*AH*^ C\ p O O vO HH 838,170 805,934 801,643 1,297 48,813 743,188 3 S' '*• aa'S" ' “ - - sftf fcllll 1 1 1 1 1 3 Igl 3 1 1 1 i a asM'iis 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i s' s's * s' 'll"!'} 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IR $3 |'g§' IN3I 1 1 1 1 1 1 46,491 4,723,843 2,790,710 2,282,381 281,184 209,222 932,305 156,961 548,505 154,204 508,329 154,759 116,269 101,926 135,375 1,933,133 1,636,867 6,285 37,764 57,089 13,388 47 ,412 368,643 92,614 40,490 33,847 43,529 W 162,851 28,089 205,402 3,007 54,770 200,772 46,318 5,580 40,738 10,000 ,078,472 , 373,321 287,754 63,846 34,639 78,073 38,933 49,474 22,789 85,567 25,648 20,895 19,040 19,984 705,151 577,948 2,310 15,814 11,618 7,727 11,992 126,553 47,230 U,001 7,548 23,472 56,550 32,OM 50,880 18,814 27,630 8,670 20,432 94,639 24.277 2,000 22.277 h" msi > $«* «* HI ' ' ' O' SI l§l I S? - I I I I I I I I i II I I I I I I I 2 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 m '§| s 1 ' 1 mms a % § >&i >a s rri 53 3 gg^g gSSS S «? ^ «fcf $ §gpd£g g$ i§>§§ 5S&S5M28 111 '3'RSii I gills* gg i -« g $$*$ £ *v $$ 8§ | l ££ $ "S 5 $ri M " 8 ggi 1 1 ig i 3 as § ’£ oT SSEi >gS 3 § is* 1 * * r- ^llllli * aras a !'Ij ‘ 888>gl 8 * ; Hii 8 * a p I1 1 15 38 “3 * * *“ - - kV a 1 1 8 « » £p oToT 33 i 1 I I “833 i i iga H i'lH oT 3 8 8 5 iiei ggllRii S i i £ i » - ggagi hVJj *j£ tn hV7c?u £ I I I . I I I i g| I I £ I I 1 I I i 'll §§ * »§*»§ a §§ >38§8§S 88P§§'£ §W§ ® sH3 §§§§§ *mm £ $ i § H3*'§ :$ « «* H' I H 3 l'^§ SS8§8“ * s' «' i i ii**i 8 iM - asi^ii «w i'll s*' a a" i i: **& 8 a 881818 2 * * fMii i i gigi 1 1 s a" s* i i 1 1 1 1 1 s i l I glglM « P§£§S Wll ~-R §§*§ * | i i i ; 1 1 1 : i i i 1 15 n i 5 3 Pill ' i i 33““ * 3 ***** § 3^8 * §asp«g I i § 1 1 1 i§ i * * § gi§3!§ ‘ a »“ srs* j 8 SSI ! S-? ! I" § a ■* JF s? I 1 3 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 5 SssSlsSS s|S 8 5H8S jf^A-VAf <•? oT r? OJ 285 * s^sg'a's fife""' I" SSiSSsCS 253 §‘I|" 155281 • SSSE *@1 ■ • *8S S 8 S SS 85 8»S §*- I III I g I g Mi gg£l Mg £>g I I I ' I I * l I M I i £gg§ $ $$* * 5 I II I II Mill 286 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 IS § ffl tii i SI ' £gSS§3 8 3 I I I f I t i I I I II ! 88 i • \ i ' sg S3 II I .11111 I l?IIS§siS§ 3S*S»g*§8 * $i i SW $ H* » I |S§g§^ § r sa*sggag» s ss «a«vsv r HIGHER INSTITUTIONS III III PI II III 287 " a* a ^ r*r* H“ * H'>rH' mm §SaW oT £ £ ^VhVV S § 5 S I8S 5*5 HI § 5 5 § 8S’ I|§ 9 t S' 3 $8" •» Hr *' S' §' 3 s” «? w? VO- H* H* I I i 8 i a¥W£ rt «? oT r-T ftlgS 8 8 I § I i III II R I a * !- i Mi'ii ! 1 1 : 1 1 1 g a 3 3 IIS 515 SSH ' 8 I a SSI >Si a s ° s *** - - s s » a- H-rf Iti»J i t > S > I • « I ! 1 1 ggg I I g 1 1 I m 1 1 a aaV | 3 s 3,131,005 381,049 349,862 37,200 64,037 160,000 78,625 10,000 33,889 5,622,186 5,098,691 4,598,691 500,000 500,000 523,495 523,495 523,495 122,632,387 1,296,053 1,296,053 902,831 1,867,930 3,800 1,476,169 220,840 120,000 459,753 350,000 126,276 199,300 111 3,379,945 1,442,948 884,200 558,748 1,342,542 4,542 1,338,000 775.385 507.385 306,128 201,257 § 1 i 3 asgggg 1 3 i § s s a II 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I s S ' i III 1 1 1 gggs ,940,302 919,222 6,506 912,716 810,750 26,966 75,000 tf *' ^\dV * s \ s m m km i * t « «*«* S S 8 g 3§S ST8 3 § I s SSS^RS - H o o «r H i glglll 8“ 8 | 1 1 ; 1 1 1 8 ttSSSSF* i Pt** % 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 § £§>33$ £X *33 a s s 2 g§g §*§ Ss£i $ $ i i $i$ S i sW H <*> r? H a s s s §§§ §*§ tm 9 3 i f SIS 3 3 S g S i S§8 |i§ 9Sfs R R | § £■*£ R R SSRS HISS g a 8 - - -*■* §sSI 3§S§2§ 8 i | £ § 3 a a asg&i 3 | | j ***$ i S* 8 83g*88 3 §¥¥ Sp rf « 8§S‘ 1 >8§g§ -- gS - hVhV* 18 »«g ss " i i $£ i I? >88 ‘ “ S eg 1 88 " iiiii » ■» gg ‘ h a** 8‘8 ' i i ‘I I I i i§ rT ‘88 t 290 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 291 §§ 8 rtism ill * sagas I 111111 SK8‘§58 ‘S'?1 «*£ * £ ^ * £ £ £ ** §s a" "s?* s' ■* 292 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 aam m p Hi r? «* §8118 8 8&i§§BS3$a8‘g3ii*»' £1333*8 &§§§§§> §§§ S S« ^ s S Stf* iS s’ SSSSSJp’ fH * a'** ~ H- cf H'H* h' OO c?h" I I I I I § I I i I I I I ° $3 I I i$ g Ig I i s I I I I 1 I Mill 2 S *V if s s « aa« 8V" I I I If 3 i III tf * 8g'£s S' i £i i S& H J HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 293 § *£»£* §§ a 8 HI Hi | § » S 888 S 5»W i i*i iMiiii $iii Sss S K SIS S H H '♦S H“ * c? ei"i^«Rigig i iMS9aiS8SlS188^i8$S 3 ■" HIM " 3 3 §§ 3 * sh *33 hh r § § § § 4 4a "s «««‘ I1? 888333 « » ss -» 18 § I i I I I I I I I I -3 " S 3 - h i iii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 $[ i i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 s3s 1 1 n i : i33 gi'gins 11‘1'g - a | ft* s* rt III 1 1 i i s i i i i i i ' N I $5$I 1 1 1 >8 » 1 98 >8 8 I I sis s - - EJ 4 4 Ill I II I I SS l IPS I I I i Hup; 88 S'* I I I I § § l I I I I I § I I § I I § § I I III I I I 1 I § § I I $ $ I Ml * ” 8 gg g'g Ri i i 8 33 >3 > ‘ § ■* b 9 ii i * 1 1 1 |||‘||| 3s§| S3J8 | 8 8 i M 11111 !?*«8 1 « i »8 1 1 1 1 5 S8I8SI i i i i HiR§ 'S 1 1 1 1 * 1 1 ‘ i 1 i ' ' ' ‘ ' ‘ ' ' gg • m ' * ‘ 1 s ****■• t a *s §§a ss§ ' s ssiagi »aH3R“« »||3§sV ^ oToT oT §l3 3§l§S.y.P.SS 8** £3s| S HSss* §11 >§> ' S 331331 111' 1S3S1SS ^33 ' SS^l ? * * 111 111 " IsSsl? ' SS} g-RS g SSISW s'" SlsSrl P' S'l «' ? g 3 Ss's' »S- 3¥a"SSs" ***' -4>sP <* r?H H 2/ Figures of 1936. 2/ Grounds and/or buildings not owned ty Institution. Ij Represents total value of physical plait . 294 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 § 3333 3338 3 i Sm sib $ £ 33 s * - 88 >8 §§“ fiS a "" Hr? H ! §I§§sfS 15388 888 |f -|3| **$$$ i i 8 3 as as $m i j m w 83*3 888 • ii $ w i 8338 3i i m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i A I!1' in .iii 88*8 mi 1 a i HH H av mi i sW SS16 §S8S a 8W s'#Va* si »3sg SSs? 1 a'rl mi i «*-? «? H 3888 88 ig 1 *w b s §££p 8 ir£ ^ * gg l I 1 ig 1 ! . I I Mil i ! 838 1 $$ l i&IS II 3 5 " ** i SSRigRg mu tge ii* i*i « Sissll? §SsS§ <8888 # &fs«« Sim ass <*o? cTnh hVhVh* H C? I ss I igS§ Ign I Igi I II R * LI«F IMP «« - §{3S>S 3S3$ § 3388838 §2Sg§ Ssgsi s' Isis's'# alsi'i s's'R'g »•» - a •* - I SSISggS 1 i^ig ' §31' ss'ssfa 3 i s's's' £ §*§§3°§ 8§g£§ ^|| . §* * |¥”§b¥ I § till I 1 1 1 I c? I « gs Ig 88“ 3 ^ «*« C? I g 1 1 I I 1 1 I I tf H* I § 88 >8 §>§> 8 S3 3' s' s' § 9 s$S8 3§s' S' i 8'i'SS Si's > g **i* §'§' | S>' S i 3 S' I lilt I'P" HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 295 cTc? II I I ! I II Mil I i I I II I i ggigi IS i§*ig i i 13531351 33315 iSigs 8 SI $ § S3 § S Sit £ £ » R H“ cToT h I SSISSII ISMS I ISM INN 1131333133 l*§ U S*' § s s' § s |k"-''8 sa" r-Tr-T ggasa's 133 n N353gigig i||iggsigs sss $£& 1 3*; «'5»; 1 1 ■*§ m *>; sis " *'■' 'C?'J> t> r-T P^vtTrH' v£pO? |-T oV* mm UMh i8«»« » 1 1 1 1 1 1 IS Mil 3 M 3 1 I I I I I I I I ££ s* * s 1 'd 3 a* 8 1 IB I I SS'S' ii * II I 1 1 1 §' gig - § s 8* §§§§ i? i?sss£ ' RS'S' 1 • 888" H883»Rin gi is * a 8 85 >3858 88885 >8 i>S2ggg8 K»S3 38588 3 >3 "#§' av*S* "'age's' § s'|3§"s'ss gssgas? 8 I O-O rT oT H H* >* •* *is§s glaSS 35888 388 M S' IlSa'i S's'8»; g»|8 s'lS H -5i O' <"l P\rlH CM iH C* 00 JJ'rH sa^ss i8i§i 1^11^1 gr »« >g Mi^ssnai ©is a m s ss i t t a a s t gg- H* " H 1^8 1 3 3 .. . _ *§8 5'8 "Is Isa's s'e's's' Is * as si «' *' S 'SSSi S' nS"s **"!§ Is S* f?'£S^§ 8 pS ® 1 igl^l tf 3-f a TABLE 22. 296 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 17,840 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 297 as* s g a ssasss i 33£§§a § ssesa %m$ * $1° § i** £ s I shs§>; 5 #«l§ iiiM i^M * ^ i S' d »A ^ HHH H H jj^O >A (*> OirlHH^I H a sasssa i &Mi; R 33 •''cw I $'i IS* 931811 a 81 II , i I 1833318 SgISs sti IS § as I 35 »8£ls3 1 * 1 1 1 1 R-«- *w * - -• |yR'rg- 3m; sg3' i; *- m | pw | g SR § I I I I ! I I l I I i i i I ! ! §§ l I l S I I S I i I I I I i I | III - -3 S 3 ‘3 $ 3 a 3S ‘8§I a 8 “ > > » B SS »SS , » » ig ;$ a 1 1 1$ i m I 8 § K°r "^3 •* * * ffljf S 3 if sf d gig g 5 5 i “ i 1 » > 1 1 1 » » » * if !H! » » ig>a a>§ i§ '• “I glass S mill I mm I sssssisssaas !§§*§ 1 33 I * * a" S S S*«£ &S i « * 3 3 S3 - l | I I i I , I SR a gg-B 3 $a ^ 18 I I I I l I 3 t 1 g S5g*IS - i SsW^ <•? h“h 5! 218 8 8 3 H'§ 1 I 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 ' 33' 'I' 1 'si 1 ' ' ' 1 111 s"s f a g aV s 8' 8 $ as S U f "" s' H H asa s a s 33§a§§ § i3i>§8§ § isasaag §3s •§ biii s aaa *'*» | i g S-aSSS g S'5"**" s* ajp'SH" l¥§' a" SS»8'l a *'»■* 818 I 8 « **1181 i S'll igISISSaag gggll 39111 8 U i *‘R"s' 2 s s i'isfss s 8 81 * 8 sgss'ggg' P¥£l SsW 3' H aia.8 3 3 388181 a ii "I i 1 88»"Si^aia ains > n • -■ S' ?' s' 8's'*S3* S' S' S' S'S S' 88' a S S'Ss' 85 -3 oT h' § 8 g23&S * i s»« 'if i" 1 1 111! ! ^ *?*? J i-T c t mmi s sassai 3* owT hhoT I S HP.! | spg II I *S§H§ 254432 0—41 - 20 298 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 C C «S 0) 5*2 g>| ■a-rll 8 g-S II § p |’8‘ ■S-S B. o £ §8S8**88*£8S83 8 8882813 5883 888888 3s 3 838$ mw & £ Sffi N Hn? bTxT H H H g C^H* H : I 1 1 I : ! I i 1 I 1 §£iSI8 I* S *§l§ an i §&#§ a a $ * i rfs s o?cT co" cTcn- o? III I i I II I I I I I 1 I £§£ I I I I I 1 I I I I IS I I I i g till Mil "lO“> ^ «*? rT a a w I i ‘I'll INI. I saigll I is I I 81 I I 18 I i g 5313 i 88 8“ i§ IS I i I M I II I I I I 88 I I I I I I 18 I I i I 1 1 I | 1 g MIR Mil aa a " ^ " III I II II I Mill I £83$ I 1 ■"i, c- I 1 II IS S ||lg till S' *#«* Ill I I I I I I I I I I I I Sg I I I l§ 1111 I I I I I I 3 f; 9gR I 311 s" ■* 3“ i»S $ S 3g3Sig5 sllHl IS S Ssls 5§6§ ss§°» •*' aWJ*s* as $ i's»W *3 g* «'$'s'g s'g's'g "" * s' a- - ■» li§ 11 '§§§ *§'!'! ISIS 1 '1 IS*' 111*' ' 11 g 3313 § 1 il fa's'll" *P a' s' s'gs'l ass' s'8" »3" $ is'a>' f 1' ia§iii§3*ii*igg3gii§gia*i man 11 « ssis sin ?s JsJssVeT 8" ^ 8* 8S^hV8 g^'iCs^ jqs“ r ssriq HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 299 §8188 3g§S gaggS* iiw §§§i$ §gM8 mi gggigggggm i§S§«ai*§gi gp|:8§^imSSi§ § $§j*f§ f °‘ rf $**n* ^qggs| 1 1 1 n nil gg i m i 5 1 m 1 1 8 is 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 £ i inin . 1 1 i i in i uni cTc? 5 " H" 5 1*5 ng 1 1 1 1 ^n§|8|in i§£g§ « i§S5 * i§ ‘ § ■§ ' ' '* § ms gig g m ‘5 | 8 " §§ti **e? R3 r'vOMNg H* 5 W? O £ ^ £ «aC? * j inn in: 1 > ‘ ig 1 > '• i ' '■ ig§s > >8§ » g i§» 3 >§ » ' ' 1 1 ' 'I gig a mu s¥ *1 "•"« **** uni III! ggs ‘S ig 88 1 1 : I Is fa" ^ i II 5?; f s * * * 3 s i i i§ n i n^ii §| 1 1 1 is 2§>i i i iggg 1 1 igi gggi g8s§^§ § £S$ » ii* fsf* I s? I - i £ j §§§£' §§^§ tinued 300 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 8 E I 3jS§ 3 88^8 f I £ m i g££s am man ~ e?HV so* tfrj «$ p? h'h- »V hV; £ * § 1 » * s Hii H *rr P?P? r-T I I I I I I g <111 I ! I I i III I I I l 1 I I l» i s £s §“ R 1 88 » 8 3888 s“3s "I H§S Igr S3IS3 - ss g? 3^* - -- in*** ■« - s- i i i I «i ^ ii 1 1 i i • • I in §§i|iH iSi|i »8 i ii * * * * * ££§ 8 §§£§> ‘ 1 1 1 • in mzm §8§3< 'I * as | ifi pg e& * hh§ I 3383 ais§§ §§§ 8883983 §§&§£ 38 I i sii am smk at at *f a H rfjf a - H H" ^ H" I I I 1 1 1 3 -3131 1 ‘ 1 1 ftPR’l1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 3 8 8 i i i I -* I II I Ip; m$ 2® 3 g § • • a «»&« % £8 SS aS £ 881 I 8«i* 3§s§§ §§' 3888898 §3*88 8 §'£»' § Is s' S;S«¥I SR* #%¥¥ s¥ «3 S * o' >a of onc? 8§1 S gg *g gllsg S3l s Is » g'S'S'aS 3 ?*?* §1111 § sps s'K"s'a"s' a'3' p^p? p? m 1 gg *g giisg 'H ggis i®§ |nsti is. § ?¥§» 2- s' *' s' 8 S § §11 3 ggg* §§111 1§ ' ss§31?8 1»§* » i s' s' tffS s' im s's's's'a as' s'9"is'*'a' s' as Si3a 6S f! SMS J a s«a rf H* I I I I I HIGHER INSTITUTIONS § S g S§8§§§ § 1 1 i « l as ' t s a s • ' i§ ' s fiY 3 s * » * If 301 I I I 5^§§^§p 8838 8 -sa ««*» sfsffiK ft$ §Y^»- -a° - 83R»8»8 S8SM8 I* ?: < ii! * r I i ! I K I r? 1 1 1 nit * 111 I III I »ti a $j r ! 1141 mg 8 58 3 § $#$ i ,il? m s sW § S III 2 § § I I I I I I I II i i * * oT oT 11 1 S a 1 ^ ‘ § i gm g jJ 3 ^ 9 It I | I I t 1 I I 1 I I III SJ S§ 1 I 8 ' § 1 1 ' ' * § ' 1 1 a'a r s' s' s' s' $ $l§ I I sill I 5 S ? H I! 1 1 "5" ‘U1 1 |l ffi §is“ » 1 1 § g g m \ $ $ "**" * "* !!' | »" h* ro'n'HV I I I I I I 1 I I III sss's'p ieg '§ m iii i $ mi » #* ii *£■* . I 3S8§aii g^slR ss* ? ifMiii $ Hi Ss: aa H" ^ || i * i * i “|“ || I i e>aii a „ M 3* s'*8' s' H § ^38 S H §§§§§§ 8 Ml s Hi i i i HUH | £§§§£§§ 8>388 £s§ ~ ' 1 S^i «8& 1 V\ rT 5 TABLE 22.— PROPERTY, 1 937-38— Continued 302 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 303 304 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 42,501,562 11,062,038 467,083 79,663,943 47,682,377 101,963 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 305 g* H* «o? h" h\T tfrH* h* r asass as 1 i*aj Hsj inn lisa Ips 1 8 B |H JpgSript ISj s P»i PI'} ' 3 »gl I Igl £S I I I i i i I Rgl I 13 I I !§§ I I II . I .in I 31 I II I nils 18 I s is i ** Si * * J -* s aa»«a(g|g8gii mu ag3,§R3|!5ggg.ii|Ri 1^3 5 s"a *eg '•§» s £$ sg>: gVtf aV- •*$£ ss-s- a - g - ° hhV a* j h- 1 I I I I I I ‘.Mil I I I I 33Sgg8 I § I £ I I 1 & 1 I I t § I S I § I I § I I I I | I | III ^8-33 - I? - a 8 - •* }§' j}‘ 1,111 m,8S!K38filS8S; °*a“ a §a§3ss$ atss ‘ mm m% 1 $§§a$£ 9SS1R i i§ 1 msmssss mu $m s&*** s*s * ^sT - * - l mm sssri *§§ 3 |SSS& iiiS* US | sag i § s i I i i m i i i i dd i ish i i i i£ I i i i i i ini i i 1 1 i i i i i i 1 1 ill * i 306 o , 111 p Hi * O.C !.-§•“ BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 §3§ss§ £$3* mm §§§ iiiffi iff §'§£is mn HU'S §'§ I ff ||g| iffii t i l I l ■ I 3 5 I I I 5- I I i I ill Ml I3m 1 "S* 3 pS'2 is§§'3 2? PS S S-S- H I i tf » 1 1 1 1 III I I l I I § l l l l i l l l i I ill §i§$'3 Oa§ ££l§i§ §‘§ | 8S I gg 5>' i S i a §3138 5 SSSa **ISS§ §11 1®33'3'| Sifi 3>Sls‘l tit IMiiggill §llll§ III i h" k 5 »3§38 3 SSS2 s£§Sp1 §§§ i»*s S' s's's'8" 8®§§'§3 »'=*£ oT oTpH* mu* 88 I i*$ff | |g| issW »» $ 5 §§» § S3 3 I ii* A HH p sS H‘§‘| g?i 8 1 1 S3 3 ^ mw » iff * **3*6*8 s? » § ; i i 1 1 i § i a a '§§£ m I s* ss* W§ll US firfcXAgS <4*0? c? *■ *sj| sa tf* *§§8131 vm*x USSSISr id J §51§" i r HS3S8S *§3*gss *SS*|SW PUP »8'® HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 307 I SSI e 8SSSSS |p'3l tf ffi £ 8813.1 283S1 S|3§3 SSII E 3j§§13 I S 1 S3 1 1 888 8 ' III S SS 1 8 1 1 1 8 1 S 1 sla*' a¥ssr §si8 5 tSi •» _•» II! ! I I I g l ; i l § I Mill I g I I i I g l a I I g I 11 g I I §5 i i ill | 531:113 i I I II £ h" 5 3 ® “ £ 3S g I “ Pi H islR» ‘ ‘I* 1 8SS8S ‘g'SS »i'§S 1^1 1 1 g» ia» g s aV*** sT sfrt s -a - s £ - “ § SS'SH ‘8 S‘S“ a as 3 s' " " "in igifi ip ill !" IE 31138 *S‘ '3 S'gEE ! " i 8 * 3» i •fs'lj s 3 ** =f*f sh 1 a sssssi aaass aaisi anas ' g i ss s >§33 ' sa¥ I »¥s if O' C~ c? rn 308 111: I It l!T "I BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 I! Pill!-5!!!” I IS I Ill IS! Ill ~ oT Ho? oVVoVT J oTh" h II I I I I I I I I I I I I If 33 gig I p 3 §| * * | ii ** |;lr $s ssrs m I I I i 1 I I I I I I I I Sh I I I I I |g 1 I I § I i I I I 111! §§ I I I p $ $ ii i I I I I I I I I I I I I I j?i? I l ! IS §£ III jftf * i RSRR ISI'I s S* BFs?fT - I ! I I I l I II I I I I I 88 I I l I I 8 | III 3? I I I I I I I I I $£ 1 3 | ^ m ^ Jff H H ^ " linn "i" i Mg ' "I m § •§ S S3SKS '"I 3«3*' if a si * i f ffifg? Ipi S|J1SP.1SS|SSPA*1PA P PI 9 36188 69$ PSS| 81 r*8S8 a»sgg - SMKrS gg MS 8 SS888 ISIS SS*«K ~ c? ^ h £ «*sVVh* h* j M * i M m 1 1 M 1 351 1 1 1 1 ■$ 1 1 1 | sjssyj mx m > 1 saaaaa^ii5sa§8ssa8g§s ^ §§§ a sa&a mz rfsW**^**^ sas | $$8* §|d i RI8"S|§ i§Sgs iasg§^ ^ §§§ § 33R5& sSIk ggpp§ ii | m sW ipW S si s"Stf § pW p§& f#f£ r-T 18 8 1 1 00 00 i8§N laaaim §g §ig 3 1^1 s's* m%' 1 i ass ii* ****a$t i-i g§Si‘§g§ >3838 »38R§JP« §1 £8§ § a^a« SS§§ g*i **** am s *t *$* t urn *«* tt* oT JJ f§^§ if HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 18888 V IIM-I II I I i 13 H m\% Tt n n i in & * In rT H* I! pi II I I II I » S8i 8 5 8 SM i-i& ™ P 8 K 3 -* 3 * H i iii§ i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 aaa e s § 8» i i n aw i s s * i §§§ § s 8 mm m§i§ 88 > > 88fiS8>§ S3‘“ S§-§2 5‘ a - ™ tfjfsfjf* a 2- sa sa $ 1 88858^8 ‘8 "5 8 i ‘88 §£ *W»* a * - 3 § I §| I a sis' I 111 S* «* SSS I i§S 3 1 1| ' 1 1 1 1 1 II Is" 33 8* "* 3S888 I38E 8888818 ISIS! Ss33§ sS glass' tffi iimm faW i$SS* *b s'SSs SiSS 3I8SSI3 SSiil mm II s' ft* s'g's'a' fifttft* sWs ffffs' ** H H r-T <^C? r-TrT pT r-f «? O? h'h* h" H S58^ 8^82 28*>‘§S £i§§§ ‘g‘*‘ 82 £is“ i M j{ m i a ill si pi I® ir»fc 310 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS TABLE 22. — PROPERTY, 1 937-38-Continued 312 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 SS szmmmmmm $%%%§ amm an a uttm s' sis H- Hr? H o' r? C? r? H*H H §§Ba§§ i II 1 I III I I 1 § I i§ I I I I i 5 i 1 i I i I I M 1 55 i I I i Mil ' § h ' l I M 88 | I I | 8 H S 5^1 I g ft I Ig |g iggg ' § »8§ Ct- -* •* ^ »«qO?«0 -P O? P? £gT rj-O o? }8§ 18 111 I I I 8 I 18 I I I i§ p I I I I I >%?«? c~- u? «? «* i i i 1 1 pp i§«3 1 > ' i 1 33 ass? i iisggin §gigift§3§ iWsW «* ** IP sSsSs amsn g«»i AW*? *s i h" o?o? sSgpH |8|§8§§ g8§* gSsW «*«T II I I | S£§8£ || M I I **»«■ **««a mi i§^g§§i§ Cfeggggggs^ & $§§>§ | H § £ $£**** g a £ p £§§§§ mm\ RS-Rli $ §§§§ Sg88§§3 8§^l SF§ $* i §£§ § §§! g£&sTs“ tfsjg ss ££$$$'* aV^ g sfsgss rasa §§§§ ifswiamv fT-^sTar 313 8 Sg8$f*S8 gsS33 8**fc£ S&S'R a §§§?§§ §§§£§ S' s¥=WS" ss'i's's feW sih's' s's'ss s' i?sW S'»W I ^3* H -T H hVToTc? h'h* h n%?o* o? T ^ £ | i saig'gi a»sgs !S3§§ isa's itss a mm isss- a S3 a « IS'31'a I'sW s's'f e s'£*'s' S sW« $* - - *a I §g I I I l ! Iglll I l I I I I I I I I I ;gi I g§§g! i I .§ I , I Is £ § f$w *“ I Is" I £j«V«P W?«? » i i i i n ii i I HIGHER INSTITUTIONS § S?8^S§ IsnSI iJS^EJB SS5R i *gg§ II •" i |sni8i isSn iiigg 13313 .if i 3 $3§3" Ii§8» i ™ jfg a 3V 8 •* ^ a s *svV l | Nil INN I H I fg"l" I8N§ mgg l l § 1 8 li?§l S || " " | " §* g r-TrT . rT §1 M " 8I§ ' I | SN - * * 1 ll'I II N I .. ' si'S'ii aims 'sags sss's lies s s§ >sgs ' SS" a' 8 3S33V' i'SS's sSS* g MU § H *'*»' "1 I § 338« |8§^ £ an ait* 3 S3 3 '°"hh*h'c s 35 Ig §1" S 3" * 2 § glllsSll SSSSS I3I?I asas? §3SS 8 SSI111 Sli-lfc S' sls'lss” 8"«'g‘Sf Si'lS'f Si'S's'a' Ills' S' a's's'S'8'®' 3*W SO rT rT o? H HW 4“ -J H {&? | 1 p,,|§1 ‘I111 'VV |,M| “II 1 || II II 11 II I s m$ i w I SalS 11181 a sW iiiii g u? cT 14 44454 1141 as..,.. . ... :sss gsgsss gggs a gssssa s »•“§ | § £§§§§§* §3331 §a§§§ HS3R 1R«3 I !§§*§§ 81311 *' gfls's S|3'r2 s'3W fs's'a'i i s'^'s] a* iiii alls'* ^ h* h 3 Hi? liiil i m ***** 8 spl§l§l ^§l§ ISSgl §11^ §H§ $ || Hi * * m iii »W* f g§§^8§ ^§8^1 ! as h *«* * §§§“§ §^8§S §l§§ I 3§8^§i .• Hiii * ii* Hi* s i** ** *** i ? 314 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 315 316 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 *S®8 1,570,960 1,035,647 1,056 622,863 19,534,401 8,288,044 7,980,893 307,151 250,000 50,453 6,698 S®2 1,349,091 6,603,096 1,983,499 417,800 328,000 $433,625 297,079 296,023 1,056 136,546 9,961,909 4,562,887 4,562,887 INI 5,399,022 5,339,401 101,986 4,357,308 862,307 17,800 333" 1 3 3 S 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 l i 1 l sss 3 1 S' p'!- 1 216,117 184,935 184,935 II 1 1 sir Mill * g s s II l I §§ l§ l§ I | a g s& sf - Sgg N 3 § § I INI §Si§£§ ' ps $ | 1 1 §|°*p . .. . « s ^ S§3! ssslsii #Sfe i | £ i ££** £^££U g*gs» .trtRB C WhV I I I I I I 2 l I INI §gsl§l I I Rsa* a* < 3 § S s‘3s " b $ * " 8 i g § 9 §_§§* 388S888 I'#5' S§§! 1 S a 9 s §§ an i t i i g| §11^1 ' s s t § '§ « ssass 'i £Vs a' g g s' s £?*§££ s' of HH sSSSi 1 2 £ £ 8 1 8^ s§S§S§§ |'s's'3 s' t s ~ * tfgStfgtf l js gsigl i i ! § S ISSsSSS g #**£$* I I I I I I § 3SSS3 g I I I I I i I rti tf£st£s I S3 i I I S3 Mill 3 §§§§§ i glass' i-f r-T § §8883 s' ii MM I §'§Ms' H voV r-T Of H * s 3|ig8S8 s' s's s's's'i 4“ ofof H" 3 88S 3 13'8'IS HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 317 *3i*«53 88“8 8S»3S53 “i g§i££i mgs 8**8 i $sgi§is i £$*$$* * H*a a-- * J g£$s? s?**W ssm s gsi|“lgll§8 8§ISS li III 81 ll| I 8111 § Mil Mil I §§§l§l| 8 s¥ 3 3 d" 3GJ J ^ ^ 8 8£S H“ « * 388833* 38**8 3*3*3 33 8 '8 3* 3' oo" rTn H HO? o? ■aa SSS >a i 8113 3 3888 3'PR “• S"8S S* §f§g 3 3J-" I I M >38 ■ • 38HI i igss §i $£ "V sjs a 1 1 i §§§ss tm 3 sag* 8838 S'SSsI SfS'S I III! Siif ■* »• a's"a !i*ii 1 1| i S SHI ii" £ £ S'st'gg 8a!8'§SSSS'3 5f!88SS8 818 SS8S33 SSI8 3 §331 SISi 8S“*' ^'SS* s|s"®5gp| r'§ (*'«« S3|R $ gfg's' fffs oToT o?r? o? ffl 3® R§K .. . . IMS Sg 8*«8 *888 '88 ^*>8 326'* §§ §>§ ||sg 3$ s $i$i §M S S aslsai §"^N 38*3 £8$§ SW«"£ s" S I sW $?*£ - a * s^iii §i§^ ? m% §§•§ g i |sY| s| § H- rn n\?h 8sl§§ 'SB ga.888 88&g* rt8 £ 1 £ Sf-T's £» gssss isss's 3s‘ £ £ sai gig 3>sg§i „ ssis sail s' «>V'R' S'»'"'R' s' sW sW HI I o?c?h h I 3381*11 I a"a s a «**«$ * assails » |IH I 38131" i flag's' 3833188 S fe'sWs' »' 1 fl ! 'ill I ■ 26,750 8,000 102,100 19.313 _ - 156.163 _ _ _ — _ — - — 156,163 318 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 I I 2 2 £ a ■ S *8&§53- 3§S£§8 § s mm mm i £ hV •* * m 1 ii s> i si | as" H ip »"» i ? i nun § 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ^iiiiii sis i g I i 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 sushi a «§§“§ si'sii > a«a§ § a a »“»ii i oT £ tfjfrf s ™ nV«f $ * H £ 3- § l§ I M ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sl§‘ is § ||l I l| I II I II l Sgissgg 8 118 | S g null ss *IU sissis a lasiss si~aii § sssissgg sggi s i g hssii |Vg*«"s' *' ii's'g's'g IskIs'I s Ms Isv¥ 8 8 s' sYM? * s as" ■** •* •* "" -' s' s' s' s' III I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I s H I 313 I I I SsSSlS i 181 >85 I1I8II 1 SS^SS'g P^sS 3 3 3 3s§618 i*'a"s s |g|' ii K's'fs's'a' §' g'g" s's s' s' -'s' | g | jp'aSS 8'Eg" S §S§§§8 SISill 1 gSllSSs SS'I SSI SlSlsl I *>' S gYS'S'll 8 |S>'8a|s' *3 S | | | p||S mill 3 88gig§ !!>§§§ 1 SS^Bl'S §^>'1 g 3 S S'"" i ||s sY ii Hi i Is si' s s' * i | i i 3'S§" S 181 '81 §§§§§§ 1 8SI981* is ' 1 8 3 3 Siiiii S s" § Ssl s'5 3's'ss'g's s' s's's's's' # as j 1 § |»>|ss J 254432 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 1r§8§ R38SSRS §3855 I m 8 § ii§£i •» •» rH H (iSiiii Jr SR” H H £ r-l'O s D? 1 Mill sSRgt83f3 8 O' >o >o 1 El El 1 | i ScjVssrs NCI moo vO Vn Fil m tjq O' oTc?C? r? oT HrH cT m II 1 1 1 Kg II II 1 O' O' II II 1 1 1 igi 1 1 1 1 i i to 8 Mill 88 g 1 If 1 SR i i i 1 » 19 1 1 1 1 1 8 i RSM i o? oT R <£ Mill 33RRISI m 1 1 R»83‘ l 1 1 1 1 i iW* * no>t s as* II II 1 cmvo O' r- c- s^s ®§§5» o * ss 1 8 i O O (> CM vO* 10 co*' co* w r?c? c? m > lAQOO' [RS8# KS&PIgfcS O wW O' O co In O IA CM O' o 8 H <> & Sa£§& g O' vOvOO S H O R o 8 I83SS lArl £> O' m m S?iXi 8 CM i 8 H H 0s ccT rT cm in H eP H 3 Mill ss 1 1 1 as Mill »i| 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ©^ m H R & 'In ;$§88 83853 38^88 cm o r- m O' 8 O' !!§ 1 1 \i§i$ oo'vn o swRfi a a s**#? "*nO CO vO CO c* m m d~ H H « m cs-xxT m'£> \o 3 § ^ H h' 1888S \00 CO c** c- £Ssl$§§s o &n co co o ££8 vO § f oT hV >s§ d 8 ££&SS£S r-1 cm o ><* m cm o Q vn C^cTvO dSS^H o c-'o''r-' o gVsf s § oo? h m r-T i§§ >8 S88§^$1 §1 >8^ 88 8 i * 1 1 1 1 § § Sa § slss $» »3 1 ass i 8 CM CM C- !§§§ « RSR98RR §f 3£§ ,231 ,000 1/ ,228 2J § 888 in in o R § te'gsCg* mm h c$m oj a C^oTo^ SS | &&&& 3 o I g 1 H' 0) 5 fi3; :3i |9 Pi & ll W C T3 ^ 3 & 5 5 !s33: fl§8§ 3°&g§ 3ilb* 5*3*5 isSi il 3K| if si ss z fi co : 75l ft 31 o | 319 PART V. LAND- GRANT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES, 1936-37 AND 1937-38 Page Text Comparative summary for 1936-37 1-937-38 . 313 Ten-year undergraduate enrollment summaries . 316 Ten-year summaries of degrees . 319 Table 23- Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29- Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33- Table 34. Table 35- Table 36. Table 37- Table 38. Table 39- Table 40. Table 41. Table 42. Table 43- Table 44. Table 45. Table 46. Comparative summary for 1936-37 and 1937-38 . 321 Ten-year summaries - total undergraduate enrollments in different fields of instruction at $2 land-grant insti- tions . 322 Ten-year summaries - total degrees conferred in different fields of instruction by 52 land-grant institutions . 322 Ten-year summaries - total amounts of Federal land-grant funds and Federal appropriations received by 69 land- grant institutions . 323 1936-37 Staff . Students of college grade. Residence instruction . Degrees . General income . . Expenditures . . Inventories . . Federal funds . . Supplementary Morrill funds. . , Land-grant fund of 1862 . . 324 326 328 330 334 336 338 340 342 344 1937-38 Staff . Students . Residence instruction . . Degrees. . .' . General income . . Expenditures . Fund and plant values . . Federal funds . Supplementary Morrill funds... Land-grant fund of 1862 . . 346 348 350 35f 356 358 36o 362 364 366 321 PART V. LAND- GRANT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES, 1936-37 and 1937-3S By John H. McNeely U Senior Specialist in Higher Education The 69 land-grant colleges and universities constitute the group of higher educational institutions receiving support from Federal land-grant funds and annual Federal appropriations. Among the group are 21 separate State agricultural and mechanic arts colleges 2/, 29 State and Territo¬ rial universities , 2 privately controlled universities 4 /, and 17 State Negro colleges. In this part are summarised biennial and other significant statis¬ tical data concerning these institutions. The summaries comprise tabula¬ tions showing: (1) Comparative figures for 1936-37 411(1 1937-38 on staff, students, degrees, property values, Federal land-grant funds (endowments), Federal appropriations, income and expenditures; (2) Ten-year figures on total undergraduate enrollments in different fields of instruction; (3) Ten-year figures on total degrees conferred in different fields of in¬ struction; and (4) Ten-year figures on amounts of Federal funds and ap¬ propriations under the several Federal acts. Preliminary reports of land-grant colleges and universities are issued annually in November by the Office of Education covering the preceding year ending June 30. Data contained in the tabulations are based on revised figures from two of these reports — Circular 172 for the year 193&-37 411(1 Circular 176 for the year 1937-38. Comparative summary for 1936-37 and 1937-36. — With a few exceptions increases occurred from 193^-37 to 1937-38 in the staff, student enroll¬ ments, degrees, Federal land-grant funds, Federal appropriations, income from different sources, and expenditures for different purposes, as shown by table 23 comprising the first summary tabulation. The table gives separate figures for the 52 white land-grant institutions and for the total 69 institutions which includes the 17 Negro colleges. The princi¬ pal decreases were in the value of lands, equipment, private gifts and income from other than regular sources of the institutions. Of special interest are the variations in the extent of the increase or decrease of the several items or sub-items during the biennium. Such variations are presented in table XXVIII, only the more pertinent of thorn being included. The table gives the number or amount, and percent of the increase or decrease for the total 69 institutions. It will be observed that the Federal funds and Federal appropria¬ tions for the support of the institutions showed increases for the two- year period. The amount of the 1862 land-grant fund together with unsold lands increased by 6.49 percent while the income from the fund had a gain of 13.62 percent. Income from other Federal land grants to the institu¬ tions advanced by 7*09 percent. Of the several items and sub-items, the 1 J Major statistical editing and tabulating done by Maude Farr, statis¬ tical clerx;. gj The State Agricultural and Mechanic Arts College in Connecticut re¬ cently became a State university. hJ In North Carolina, the State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts is a branch of the State university. 4/ The New York State Colleges of Agriculture, Home Economics, Veteri¬ nary medicine, and the agricultural experiment station are parts of Cornell University, a privately controlled university. 323 324 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 TABLE XXVIII.— EXTENT OF INCREASE OR DECREASE IN STAFF, STUDENTS, DEGREES PROPERTY VALUES, FEDERAL LAND-GRANT FUNDS, INCOME BY SOUR¬ CES AND EXPENDITURES BY PURPOSES FOR 67 LAND-GRANT INSTI¬ TUTIONS, 1936-37 AND 1937-38 1 STAFF (all types) . . STUDENTS : Of college grade . . Correspondence and extension, Summer session . . Total . . DEGREES (all types) . . PROPERTY VALUES? Lands (campus and farms) . . Buildings and dormitories . . Equipment . . Endowment . . FEDERAL LAND- GRANT FUNDS: Amount of 1862 land-grant fund and value of unsold lands . . Income from 1862 land-grant fund . Income from other land-grant funds . . INCOME: Student fees . . Endowment income . . Federal government appropriations . . State government appropriations . County or district government appropria¬ tions. . . Private gifts and grants . . Sales and services . Other income . Total educational and general income.. EXPENDITURES: Administration and general expense . Resident instruction . . Organized research . Extension . Libraries . . Operation and maintenance of plant . . Total educational and general expenditures . Capital outlays, : Increase 1936-37 to 1937-38 : Number or : amount Percent t 2 3 1,467 4.66 18,098 8,185 9.479 7.92 8.77 12. 78 35.762 9.03 4,106 10.79 $ 1/ 5.999.075 32.911.633 .. iy 6,508,017 14,414,355 1/10.11 11.03 1/ 5.37 7.82 1,919,682 137.493 34.316 6.49 13.62 7.09 1,716,402 444,226 1,612,509 8,425,094 7.M 7.44 6.00 13 .22 241.537 1/ 814,457 227,108 .. 1/ 2.964.139 9-87 1/11.11 2.11 1/44.75 8,888,2 80 6.17 1,068,191 12.49 3.264,735 5.37 2,921,088 17.96 2,928,234 11.00 405,677 12.26 1.058.516_ 8.31 11,646,441 9. 08 2,907.162 17.71 1 / Decrease HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 325 greatest percentage of increase was in expenditures for organized research due in part to the increase in the Federal appropriations for research. The institutions expended 17- l6 percent more for this service in 1937-38 than in 1936-37- Increases among certain other items and sub-items were strikingly at variance. For example, students of college grade increased by 7-92 per¬ cent, correspondence and extension students by 8.77 percent, summer ses¬ sion students by 12.78 percent, and total students by 9*03 percent. At the same time the Btaff of the institutions including professors, in¬ structors, extension workers and experiment station staff increased by 4.66 percent. The staff, therefore, did not increase in the same pro¬ portion as the students. Similarly, the ejqpenditures for resident in¬ struction showed an increase of 5*37 percent, a lower percentage of in¬ crease than that for students. Particular notice should be taken of the increase in the income of the institutions from State government appropriations as compared with other sources. State government appropriations increased by 13 .22 per¬ cent in contrast with an increase of 7*41 percent from stuaent fees, 7.44 percent from endowment income, 6.00 percent from Federal appropria¬ tions, and 9*87 from county and district government appropriations. This indicates that State governments in 1937-38 assumed a greater financial responsibility for supporting the institutions than in 1936-37. Since the beginning of the economic depression private individuals have in general diminished their contributions to higher educational institutions, as indicated by a decrease of 11.11 percent in income from private gifts and grants. A distribution on a percentage basis of the total educational and general income of the institutions for each of the years conveys infor¬ mation as to changes in their support derived from the several sources. Table XXIX gives this percentage distribution. TABLE XXIX.— PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY SOURCE OF TOTAL EDUCATIONAL AND GENERAL INCOME OF 69 LAND- GRANT INSTITUTIONS, 1936-37 AND 1937-38 Sources of Income rPercent for:Percent for : 1936-1937 : 1937-1938 1 5_ 2_ 5_ 3 Student fees . . Endowment . . Federal government . . State government . . County or district government, Private gifts and grants . Sales and services . . Other income 1 J . . Total . . 1 / See footnote table 23. 16.07 16.26 4.13 4.16 18.53 18.53 44.25 47.20 1.70 1-77 3.21 2.50 7.47 7.19 4.6o 2.39 100.00 100.00 From this table it will be noted that the percent of tne total edu¬ cational and general income derived from student fees, endowment, Federal government, county or district government, and sales and services did not alter materially in 1937-38 as compared with 1936-37- The percent of such income from the State government, however, was 2*95 higher in 1937- 38 than in 1936-37- Conversely, the percent of income from private gifts and grants was . 71 lower and from other income 2.21 lower. 326 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Probably of greater eignificance ie a comparison of the proportion¬ ate expenditures of the institutions for different purposes between 1936- 37 and 1937-38. From such a comparison it is possible to ascertain the particular phases of their educational services for which proportionately hi^ier or lower expenditures were made in one or the other of the years. Table XXX contains a percentage distribution of the total educational and general expenditures for each of the years giving information with re¬ spect to this question. TABLE XXX. — PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL EDUCATIONAL AND GENERAL EXPENDITURES BY PURPOSES OF 69 LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS, 1936-37 AND 1937-38 Purooses of exoenditures {Percent for; 1936- 1937 : [Percent for : 1937-1938 1 : 2 : ! 3 Administration and general expense . . 6.67 6.87 45.76 13.72 21.13 2.66 Resident instruction . Organized research . Extension . Librari es . . 47.37 . 12. 6s . 20. 75 . 2. 58 Operation and maintenance of plant . . . 9,v9.5 . 9.86 Total . 100.00 100.00 Not a great deal of difference is found in the percentages of the total expenditure by the institutions in 1936-37 and. 1937-38 for adminis¬ tration and general expense and for operation ana maintenance of plant. The percent of the expenditures was 1.04 higher for organized research in 1937-38 than in 1936-37* >38 for extension and .08 for libraries. On the other hand, the percent of the expenditures for resident instruction was l.bl lower. This would appear to indicate that the institutions curtailed their proportionate expenditures for the instruction of students in 1937- 38 in favor of larger expenditures for research and extension activities. Ten-year undergraduate enrollment summaries. — Undergraduate enroll¬ ments classified by fields of instruction and by sex of students at the 52 white land-grant institutions over ten years are contained in table 24 comprising the second summary tabulation. From 1927-28 to 1937-38 the total undergraduate enrollments includ¬ ing both men and women showed an increase of 60,760 students. This rep¬ resents a gain of 40.19 percent. Men students increased at a much greater rate than women students. The percentage of increase for men students was 46.04 and for women students 27.43, a difference of 18. 6l. A further illustration of this point is found in the percentage distribution of men and women students for 1927-28 and 1937-38. Of the total undergraduate enrollment in 1927-28, there were 68.53 percent who were men students and 31.47 percent who were women students. In 1937-38 the percent for men students was 71-39 and for women students 28. 6l. Hence, the percent for men students in 1937-38 was greater than that in 1927-28 while the per¬ centage for women students was smaller 5/* 5/ The enrollments of 6 land-grant institutions consist either exclus¬ ively or almost exclusively of men students. These institutions are: University of Florida, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, State College of Agriculture & Engineering of the University of North Carolina, Clemson Agricultural College of South Carolina, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, and Virginia Poly¬ technic Institute. HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 327 Comparing the undergraduate enrollments in the different fields of instruction for 1927-28 and 1937-38, a different picture is presented. In certain fields, there were decreases rather than increases in enroll¬ ments. Moreover, the extent of the increases and decreases varies for each of the fields. This indicates that the educational programs of the institutions have undergone modification during the 10 years by the growth of some fields of instruction and by the decline of others. Table XXXI contains data showing the extent of increase or decrease in the en¬ rollments for eacn field of instruction between 1927-28 and 1937-38. In the table are given the increase or decrease in number of students and the percentage of increase or decrease. TABLE XXXI.— EXTENT OF INCREASE OR DECREASE IN UNDERGRADUATE ENROLLMENTS FOR DIFFERENT FIELDS OF INSTRUCTION IN 52 LAND-GRANT INSTI¬ TUTIONS, 1927-28 TO 1937-38 Field of instruction s Increase : Decrease {Number of: : students: Percent : Number of; students {Percent 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 Arts and sciences . . .. 23,849 44.33 Teachers college (education) . . .. 1,157 6.88 _ _ Commerce and business . 34.69 _ _ Agriculture 1 J . 124.06 _ _ Engineering . 26.96 _ _ Architecture . - 541 34.97 Dentistry . . - 324 19.86 Fine arts . . . _ 545 62.50 Journalism . . 59 6.69 _ Law . 8.57 _ _ Library science 2/ . 16 9-76 _ _ Medicine . 2.06 _ _ Music . _ 282 32.16 Nursing 2/ . 9-76 _ _ Pharmacy . . . - 639 21.45 Home economics . .. 4,584 56.24 - _ Forestry 2/ . . . 315.61 _ _ Veterinary medicine 2/--- . 1,400 228.76 _ _ All other undergraduate fields.... • 6.315 188.39 - - 1 / Includes part of enrollments in forestry in 1937-38. 2/ Increase from 1931-32 to 1937-38. 2/ Increase from 1927-28 to 1936-37- Receiving support from the Federal government for the specific pur¬ pose of providing educational service and conducting research in agricul¬ ture, mechanic arts and related branches, it is of special interest to note that the greatest increases in enrollments occurred in these fields. According to table XXXI, the largest percentage of increase in 1937-38 over 1927-28 was made in forestry, the second largest in veterinary medi¬ cine, the third largest in agriculture, and the fourth largest in home economics. The percentage of increase in enrollments of engineering was not as great as in these other fields. There were two additional fields which showed fairly substantial per¬ centages of increase. One was arts and sciences. The second was commerce and business. Among the fields with rather small percentages of increase were teachers college (education), journalism, law, library science, medi¬ cine, and nursing. Decreases in enrollments were recorded in five fields — architecture, dentistry, fine arts, music and pharmacy. The percentages of decrease ranged from 62.50 to 19. 86, the highest being in fine arts 328 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 and the lowest in dentistry. Farther light is thrown on changes in the undergraduate enrollments of the institutions in 1927-28 and 1937-38 by a percentage distribution of the total enrollment of each of these years according to fields of instruction. Such a distribution is presented in table XXXII. TABLE XXXII.— PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF UNDERGRADUATE ENROLLMENTS FOR DIFFERENT FIELDS OF INSTRUCTION AT 52 WHITE LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS, 1927-28 AND 1937-38 Fields of instruction {Percent for:Percent for : 1927-28 { 1937-38 1 i_ 2 ; 3 Arts and sciences . Teachers college (education) Commerce and business . Agriculture . Engineering . Architecture . Dentistry . Fine arts . Journalism . Law . Library science . Medicine . Music . Nursing . Pharmacy . Home economics . Forestry . Veterinary medicine . All other undergraduates.... 34.89 36.ll 10.90 8.35 7.88 7.62 7.43 11.94 20.05 18. 25 1.01 .47 1.05 .61 .56 .16 .57 .44 2.05 I.60 if .09 2.54 1.86 .56 .28 u • 73 1.93 1.08 5.29 5.92 .70 2/ .40 V ZJd 4.49 Total 100.00 100.00 1/ Undergraduate enrollment not available for 1927-28. 2/ Included in "Agriculture" and "All other undergraduates. " 3/ Included in "All other undergraduates. " Analysing this table, arts and sciences is seen to have had the largest percent of the total enrollment of the institutions in 1927-28, engineering the second largest, teachers college (education) the third largest, commerce and business the fourth largest, agriculture the fifth largest, and home economics the sixth largest. Due to the proportionate expansion of enrollments in some of these fields and the proportionate diminution in others, this order of rani was altered by 1937-38. In this latter year arts and sciences had the largest percent, engineering the second largest, agriculture the third largest, teachers college (educa¬ tion) the fourth largest, commerce and business the fifth largest, and home economics the sixth largest. In other words, agriculture advanced from the fifth largest percent in 1927-28 to the third largest in 1937-38 while teachers college (education) dropped from the third to the fourth largest and commerce and business from the fourth largest to the fifth largest. Differences in the percent of the total enrollment for 1927-28 and 1937-38 in these several fields are of significance. Such percent for 1937-38 in arts and sciences exceeded that for 1927-28 by 1.22, agri¬ culture by 4.51 and home economics by .63. Contrawise, the percent of the total enrollment for 1937-38 was 2.55 less in teachers college HI GHEE INSTITUTIONS 329 (education) than that for 1927-28, .2b less for commerce and business, and 1.80 less for engineering. Several other fields of instruction showed a smaller percent in 1937-38 aB compared with 1927-28. Among them were architecture, dentistry, fine arts, journalism, law, medicine, music and pharmacy . Ten-year summaries of degrees. — The product of the 52 white land- grant institutions as indicated by the number of degrees conferred over ten years is presented in table 25, the third summary tabulation. The table classifies the degrees by first, master's, and doctor's degrees, by sex of students receiving them, and by fields of instruction. A total of 14,107 more degrees were conferred by the institutions in 1937-38 than in 1927-28, a gain of 53-34 percent. First degrees in¬ creased by 11,008, a gain of 47.67 percent; master's degrees by 2,689, a gain of 95-04 percent; and doctor's degrees by 4l0, a gain of 78.5** per¬ cent. Thus, the highest percentage of increase occurred in graduate degrees evidencing an expansion in this level of wor£ in the institu¬ tions. Comparing the undergraduate degrees by sex of students, it is found that the increase of such degrees was S,6ll for men students, a gain of 57-46 percent, wnile the increase was 2,397 for women students, a gain of 29.57 percent. The percentage of increase for degrees conferred on men students was almost twice that for degrees conferred on women stu¬ dents. For the purpose of showing changes in first degrees conferred in the different fields of instruction by the institutions, table XXXIII has been compiled. In this table is presented a percentage distribution of the total degrees for each field of instruction in the year 1927-28 as compared with 1937-38. TABLE XXXIII.— PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL FIRST DEGREES FOR THE DIF¬ FERENT FIELDS OF INSTRUCTION AT 52 LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS, 1927-28 AND 1937-38 Fields of instruction {Percent for:Percent for j 1927-28 : 1937-38 1 5_ 2 ; 3 Art 8 and sciences . Teachers college (education) Agriculture . Engineering . Commerce and business . Architecture . Dentistry . Fine arts . Forestry . Home economics . Journalism . Law . Library science . Medicine . Music . Nursing . Pharmacy . Veterinary medicine . . All other first degrees . Total . 1 / Included with degrees in agriculture. 2/ U Included with "All other first degrees. " 254432 0—41 - 22 30.09 32. 79 13.35 12.88 7-64 10.96 18.40 14.24 7-15 7-27 -52 • 56 1.49 • 98 -53 .15 .60 u 6.05 5.58 -93 .94 2.92 2.83 2/ .29 4.24 4.27 .41 -29 2/ • 78 2.10 1.22 .44 V 3.14 3-97 100.00 100.00 Not available for 1927-28. 330 BIENNIAL SUBVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 S Using a similar method of comparison as in the case of undergraduate enrollments, it is found from table XXXIII that the largest percent of the total first degrees conferred by the institutions in 1927-28 was in arts and sciences. Teachers college (education) had the second largest per¬ cent, engineering the third, agriculture the fourth, commerce ana busi¬ ness the fifth, and home economics the sixth. In 1937-38 there was no change in this ramcing of the different fields with the exception of en¬ gineering and teachers college (education). For the latter year engi¬ neering had the second largest percent of the total first degrees and teachers college (education) the third largest. It will be observed that there was considerable alteration in the distribution among the different fields between the two years. As an illustration, the percent of the total first degrees conferred in arts and sciences and in agriculture was 2.70 and 3*32 higher for 1937-38 respectively. On the other hand, such percent for engineering decreased by 4.l6 from 1927-28 to 1937-38, for teachers college (education) by .47, for dentistry by .51, for home economics by .47, and for pharmacy by .88. The decreases or increases in the other fields were so slight as not to be significant. HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 331 table 23. -• ookpabatits summart tqb 1936-37 us 1937-3 s A 1936-1937 1937-1938 1 92 lend- grant) Total (69), 1 32 land- gran 1 1 Total (69), 1 institutions 1 Including 1 institutions 1 including 1 (white) 1 17 legro laad-i (white) 1 17 legro land- 1 t grant colleges! 1 grant 00 lieges ! 1 1 1 1 1_ l : 3 4_ I_ 5 1. statt: Professors, Instructors, extension workers, end. experiment station staff . 31.514 31.905 32.981 II. STTOOTSi 1. Of college grads: Total . 228.355 1/235.752 1/246,453 206,480 al.956 222,396 b. Species . 3.102 3.807 4.057 c. Graduate students . 18.773 20,342 20,353 2. lonresldence students : a. Correspondence . 28.365 24.340 24,804 b. intension . . 64.926 71.495 76.672 3. Stumer session, 1936 and 1937 . 74.199 76.761 83.678 4. freshman students . 67.748 59.572 63.207 III. DEGREES: 1. first degrees . 32.233 34.100 35.698 2. Master's . 4.917 5.518 5.522 3. Doctor's . 896 932 932 IT. PROPEBTT TALUES: 1. Lands (campus and farms) . $59,325,591 298.477.342 $51,818,515 $53,326,156 2. Buildings and dormitories . 317. 888, a5 331.389.005 3. Equipment (books, apparatus, stock, etc.) . 1a.a6.717 111.997.115 114, 708. 700 4. funds : a. Endowment . 146, 832.609 160,747,271 l6l. 246, 964 b. Annuity . 3.503.987 3.503.987 3.695.202 3.695.202 0. Student loan . 6.225.351 5.919.131 5.922.281 T. flDEBAL LAND-GRANT TOUTS (ENDOWMENTS): 1. 1862 land- grant : a. Amount of fund. . 25.038.6o9 25.744,a9 26.243.912 b. Talus of unsold lands . 4.497.871 5.212.250 5.a2.250 1,147,064 c. Income . :::: igg 1.009.571 1.023.082 2. Other land-grants (Income) . 483.384 517.701 517.701 TI. TXDIBAL APPROPRIATIONS: 1. Supplementary Morrill, IS90. 1907. and 1935 . 4,030,000 4,093.122 4,530.000 2. Smith-Hughes, George-Deen, 1917, 1936 . 413.341 459.735 1.445.977 514.120 1.445.977 3. Hatch-Adame, 1887 . 1.437.786 4. Smith-Lsrer, 1914 . 6,162,422 6.097.742 6.097.742 3- Additional coopsratlwe extension funds . 784.235 495.347 495.347 6. 0 larks- McSary, 1924 . 74.018 75.261 75.261 7. Purnell, 1925 . 2.755.845 2.759.222 2,759.222 8. Capper-Eetcham, 1928 . 1.481,182 1.486.276 1,486.276 9. Bankhead-Jonee (Sec. 1-21), 1935 . . 9.580.770 10.928,163 10,928.163 Total recurring appropriations . 26.719.599 27,840.845 28.332.108 10. Public forks Administration grants, 1935 . . 4,201.257 3.588,129 4.093.389 TII. INCOME: 1. Student fees . . 23.144.171 24,462,755 6,390,444 24.860.573 2. Endowment income . 5.971.500 6,415,726 3* Appropriation from: a. federal Government . 26.719.599 27.840, 845 28,332.108 b. State government . 63.735.74l 70,280.202 72.160,835 c. County or district government . . 2,448,410 2,664,173 2.689,947 4. Private gifts and grants . . 4,628,764 3,801.075 3.814.307 5. Sales and services . . .... 10.658,951 10,757.651 10.820,689 10.984,759 6. Other Income . 6.623.855 a 3.643,760 149.903.943 S/3.659.716 Total educational and general Income . 144.029.691 152.917.971 7. Auxiliary enterprises . 22,070,023 25.926.914 27.354. 800 Till. EXPENDITURES: 1. Administration and general expense . 8.548.647 9.281,254 9,616,838 2. Seeldent instruction . 60.729.250 62. 416.182 63.993.985 3. Organised research . 16, 260, 835 19.178,481 19.181,923 4. Extension . 26,617.978 29. 460,020 29.546.a2 5. Libraries . . 3.308.099 3.636,039 3.713.776 6. Operation and maintenance of plant . 12.731.078 13.190.830 13.789.594 Total educational and general expenditures . 128.195.887 137. 162. 806 139.842.328 7. Auxiliary enterprises and actlvitlea . . 22,243,11b 24.751.139 26.012,584 8. Noneducatlonal purposes . 2.673.671 2.883.013 2.936.046 9. Capital outlay . . .... 15.3i2.6s9 16,413.966 18.373.468 19, 3a, 128 17 Excludes 211 men duplicates end 142 women duplicates between the undergraduate end graduate schools. H The reports for 1937-38 exclude one item which was included in the reports for 1936-37. 332 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 JJ I I l ssu&s&tm 323333§SS3S S*3?PSSS?H K>K\ r^r^CNJ K> ir>H>irvt hh^hhhhW k\- t mmm mmm £8*99833388 1WS5! 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University of Puerto Rico, Rio Pledraa - HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 335 SS H H s SHIS ft 38 R 8 Ri jj ^££3 £C SI & £ £Sr££3 'S'i in BO r-l as? vo ir> Rl^ S"2 ^ cm in <-l K> CM PO IT* r+ m in Rl SJ tre 5 £ £ 3S I <2 8 * X? & 5 5 S i i I ’ S-* •'3 _ ..a i5 s 311*5! 33. *3 »3 I n ■jss° .- *5**1 5 51115 a «SaJ1 j a?**: .„ 3 I1? ta a* I l=lf 11? • ’Is sill d • ^ b, „-3 o 0 d • L. 9 « sll^las 3I33S3 ;s 1 2 5** 8 £3 3 Ut n* 1 a: y *3 p 23 ll| Jf“2 313 Its 3 33 ji ?! 5^ 1533 N:h 10 s^s 8 3 2 5 |i*33lK ^53 |°€332 ?°3 3’t"? B3 O W M Oe Virginia State College for Begroee, Bttrlok. Beet Virginia State Collage, Inetltute . 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' s,,§* • i • * i i» i i 1 2323 bm,*'d3 2ir'J?2a' 222 '33SW 322“'°' a-^a xraa ' 23R53 3^222 “'■» 23^ 323 'S^RR 1 3 2^ '2 23'° - - 1 Jt K% 1 K\ 1 1 UN M K\ • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 l 1 3 1 ’ ' , ,r S'*' 1 S '2 •* £22 1 1 1 KN 1 2 a's1 1 3 ' * 2** 1 1 'RJB 53 ' 8 ' ' VO • ,0,0V 52Rr " '32 ' 2 '3 ' ' "a" R 1 1 ? ' oTo. ' 8 "2 *3 'R S^5 * 'ar *«5»* 5US *3 323 S'£5« s*£s5 S«" HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 341 342 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 343 i | U I ll 2I12I1III § S| § S| § s| s s BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 ' 'S'S 85* ’2 ass' ' ' '88 ' a » ~ a s -sr *? ■8' 8* SMS' 85881 8 '*88 3 tagg iaafg * iai sss'* rsHS 51385 88818 s»S 8 *SS8i sssi&s i*Stfs SaSS* MS£» sgsSI, a&s* sifts sSisg j&sas *H H H Oj r-i r-T HH »H .O K\ <\T C\j" U> r-« <\7 «* 35§s» sssee Bss^g 88a» a^a ***** ~*r* sim sast* £§**£ ^R«n&' *a*** R®si«{ •8*38 'SST 8 ’58s 21 "P 2$8? 5 jsV • £ a ’a . ss '§ . a * *8 « «% SSSSS SsEss ISSS1 liSSS S«E£| S&SJ SSSSS SSiSS SpSSS alSS! 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S’’!’ » 3 £M~£ ’SI 2 S' r ’i§ ’5’ Is «■ '** ’§ ’ ’ft ' « ■a'S1 ■*• a £*§»£ '&§ ili nits HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 355 356 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 ION £83 58488 £!£§$ “-S'" J>^S(3 RrSFKTC EKT3& £8l§SRr 3>338^ S«3ie2 58*3* VO^g fORtt^ 2lO&§fc »“S 'R? 8*588 SS^SS sISSS SHi?£ 88855 S-aas $3 3g* $g$3* ■-' S'^nj^~ 2^2-?^ 2' HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 357 s H8SI sSHs 3§ P3IRSS PP 35UK £££*$ ££ vx.0.^0^ -- SiSSPt? JfSlG&S, PS Sprang S'SitS"' PS ~3*SS **SS* I* PPP5VS RPPSU? PS S ’33 1 SPSPi?, S£ *SS8§ Is3*S £2 358 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 M 88 « II I1 ! I! 3 If to stg Is i |3 p*|5 s^sfs rf$V BBIS? |st|l sips K\ ITNC^I « ®8£i£ £*Mi IS !6ir2 ^ 3i 3»B «w Sp !•!!§?* U£*£ KN* *UV ft# i"*i s? r»3* * ' '55' H '«Sss! UN ' 'B3' V S'S' ' - • V 'S'SR • ' r”S 3ip$ge 'Ss^s cm* • 'a*' *• rs" flr'33 ■R'sa ' ' 3i ^'iss* ’ - ’5 1 - 1 £$ • ' Sa8®' 1 • 'IS' H SB'S* ' • • ■*« h* 'R'B' • ' ^'SSc eg* • • •$• W 5«S^' ,,l‘ av ■ ' 1 'tfR •S'*1 • • R'»? S*Sg? 53S*R ^* JH&S3 ys.35 RSM' cm* '£ ISgS S&3& ri CM* r*** asst1 *RS3r CM* 'R §^s| »*!**> 3*333 hiss S^R'S gR3*S S ' «r assta **5*5 ttK S&S&S r tap* gSRSI S1!8 X*5SS ON ***! KB BP* rif ipsa* 853' *' - --a 25SI! B5B 5BB *38! ftBis* ^ iH JS*J5 SS3' i’a£"£ WB BP! 1*813 *«i>* swm H CM* *S§*S 833! i' «* ?-!•!• BJ8 BBS *3© *RS*£ ^ * r* PSH 3SSSS SK'K"r''< «§ inn !J|ji ? plli 5 izzzz 111!! mu 11} ill} lilfi }ii ilflf lllii III fllli jj g^^i? i-s-jr-a s ::si?s slssi? g si 11 lllii lllii Hi lllii ill niff If ill lllii is HIGHER INSTITUTIONS y 5355! f W !!*» »55 K || StStS 2HH &S 5s:- :$:££• SIS** 3lg»8* ||SS§ §§ g «5*|' f **'*! 5E' '* 3*'SS s“ | v »»■&■ r ^3 '58 5g 1 '» ££ '«R PS » * P T S' 'I* IS 1 1 • *5 • ■ • •* • § 1 '8 e 1 » 'S' 5' 'I' £§ CVi* 30 7 21 i 13 n.985 SS5 Sf*Sf P3 5353S 3 am sssia eg K\en>H J-* J-* M rllS S^f-B §? a ' 1 '£ i' ■»& £sSS§! s'l' 1 'RR5» ' " S'SI® 3-3?? 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[“•S'S'S !!! hi 5®}g* Ss«S§ I'SSa SSgSs §*$'g |la»t ?«|i mi¬ nus ii I! 2°r°° H3»: 111 11 } Hi!! ill «| •f” Isl2| III!! iiiii ism ^ rH* 3 iiiii i! fill! I* i;!!i 3? lliil ii HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 361 362 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 t? J. !j si U Hi j JJ i! 11 i! r 1 1 • . i • in#H i — 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 VO | | ..... inrl 1 H 1 i® « ' '*'*!* — ,voR8 1 ^invOjfrv© ,PK'2~ S~ ' p ,vDa • Is ..... . 1 - 1 ^ - . m , i , . . - . 1 I 1 1 1 . CM 1 1 I 1 p 3*33S PkPas r- 1 3223* 3 s t 1 r-4 1 ^ . , ••• - • 1 1 (M I'D * i ^ i K\ 1 CM 1 I in i i i i 10 1 1 v 1 1- — ■ vr.oji . . ■ OO. vOM) £ 1 OJ 'S *"* S^2 ^ P '22 1 |= • • •- • . , . , ,8o» 1 1 (M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . - . . •<— i* PP23P P3 2PP 1 'Fis^ 523 32 r . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CVI 1 . . in i i i i 3- 1 1 r* HVO 1 1 1 1 1 '~5r ' ' ■a 1 . .- . . . . . -H . P ' ' ' r fa 1 1 1 1 J* ■•‘3 ' ' ■as ■ • - 1 'p*0 a -2 • 1 — 2p 1 'a I3 ... .. • • '3£ ’8S" M & 'a ' ' ,K' 'P ' PS 1 '» i i i i in ..... III VO | M 1 * 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 a i tin i H 1“ a ■ S2$ i i i r*-»n '"PSP ' 'S3 ^3 ' ' 'R- . .» . . . 1 .- . P,8JS' Ir- • •ssrg • -sps 9*9 1 ' ' SIRS'?. ' ’ '!T 5 '9' ' ..... S*a9* i- ' ' *3P •pg^ ' 1 'afc 8 '2 ' 1 2 1 *5, 1 £3 2£2 1^ 1 1 1 ’« — • .p* • . 3 ~ -a • S '2 ' 1 — P "*'& ' a fS^ap 3P|P 1 ^PS“R7 ~'~r 9**~* ""S' 1 P '2P ' 1: a^sss P23 ' K ESPPP 3*9*- -'Sir sap- Pfc-’KP ^jj 2PP,28 2S£33 33S«* 3'B»R ai 3«3Rf SP$ '2 2**2* iiiii 5! ist an* 2. t**** IS P o o o o U“o oo 2J?£rSJ? ^8 Willi mi iilfi Jljil o o o • o .SS’S'S Illi" il II inn mu I! I ill 11 1! M *5 * 3* . iUa :V" :« ?!- I**?' is S8.||| 5ja: 11! 1)11! lilit Hill Rhode Island State College . damson Agricultural College (S.C. ) South Dakota Stats College . University of Tennessee . A. A II. College of Texas . HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 363 364 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 365 366 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 a « X? X? 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R 33 S » £ s&m *S3ai **&& a ' ' '32 SS'rS ft' '* •=} - $ ■ ■ 'as- nm 1 • si "'•ft** h iiiEi Mip ii *t§3£ SSftSS sft siis? am a *H£fi ftKfR H ^ 3n5 3 r-« *H sH #-» M “ft'S 'Si ' §«* 'ft S gftftftft tms ssSfta as ££££» *>■*« ^ *»SS *3338 Hlaf H g sjsgj stags SgSSS 88 ""§ |"s' BTs 'Ss§» '»f§S 2J*«s U “33- S~r S'ft'S 'S' '*VO*“\ff rfoT ft' '£8 'S' spsis sssee sssss ii »*'*?* sgsag Rgas's gg SsSSs SSS«S SS«§5 JS R»33*R R2S8?R KR S' 'ft - a ftgftftft ftftSS* H S -Sf-Sffl ~?"as ssixte is S' I & S I i i 15 3 ON s i § * St (5 o> £ ft « ft ft 9 « « I c ft t i % s ft ft 9 $ St S S | ft ft I * « 5 i; Oj 3 8 2 ft 8 sr I S ft K? I 3 3 5 ft ft ft 1 ijilj Hi;i 1 ii! I pjp IIIll m p asses iiiai alajjl ia !i ii » si St'S p a ifi ifi S! 11 ■si 2- S|sll • - ■= ill ii m M m 368 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 I a 1 i 1 1 sr*sa tsssi i=*s»£ Hess Jitas s®S2» si shsi si ie is isisa i sis sisse ssaig i$£*i ii i ssisl *2 CM r* r* ri *4 K> H H H H is^SS IISSs *=36? 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'S'Si R ' ’ * * S' ' 'S ""S S' 'IS v •* 1 "‘III SS'SI '8181 £'§§§ §••§' %m§ 8§8'S •m1 °'3“' «r° “S-s up CN» 2 ON <\J ssRSf" S3“ C? °N <“ I2HE IsSssf 5 '838 25555 22235 28588 *=«5S ®*|S5 * 535 gS&aRr e"s9’S gsjajR 11111 §§§§' Hsii mu §'§§§ §§§§§ §§§§§ ■1115 aasss ££££ g&ft&R RSRRR R °°° RRRRR RRRRR aaas I’m Mt'JS 25389 SSSSf S’Sil l&Tft 8 '828 fW o -W '•“* "Sr SSS'"0' ~ o»» K>lTA 3 “°'^ i§583 2SS££ 89355 85882 §sna 28932 38388 .PRg*R SR**® s‘^ $**2* *•8 '4 , , .g. . " "5 sur . $?•?' * " £ •0* 2R - rssi Ills? •3*22 32532 8&e£ft 5fSP§ J'Sl' 8 K"DR a^-^s 8**R*V “'8‘5,wR R “X? HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 373 374 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 i* •r 4 !i! V \\ iL If l I •s> ' ' ' • 1 ' 1 ’» fH i i i i ir\ si * ' ' ' 3 2 *3 8**2 *3322 58*888 ££*3 58 8£*£* 823858 822 mm am am glS?* £31 i*sssi R« "R°P5 £ $$2 2* *2*8* «w'S 82£S* *£2 ■ i i i i ‘£ ‘R 1 . 1 , , , , ■R '3 ' • '3 1 £ . . . ! t s ir> «-» B - 2 i *28**2 *3322 S2S83 58*888 ££*3 58 R*£8e 8288 8 822 mm mu *2S£3 3 23 8* SSfSS 22*82 g mi 22*8* IS£S5 *3E-§ sSsS«# *R£S,n m *S2 ** *28**2 *33 22 SS&R3 58*888 ££*358 £ £23* 532383 822 mm 2R&23K? siiM **»£* S55BS 333 8* ssh£ 2'2**e g«i?s 22*8* am ®2W§ mu #RSW*‘ m *S2 *28**2 sssk* 58*88 8 ££*358 8 £23* 82382 822 joists siisi Hgei am glS=5 ^5 Stt 2R&C3K? *2»fc3 33382 28*82 K2SSS 3* £32 88£S* *£2 *5 1 1 1 1 1 1 • ■«? 1 1 ’ '2 i , , i , ..... ..... * 1 ' '° ■ ii 2 «*■ jj 1 * K\ ' * 1 • i i • i ■ • i i > ..... ..... '»• 1 ' . . . S id 8 *3IP o o o o o 883 88 o o o o o 8888 8 s?5Sl IP3 ill s! Iaii m Ml InlNtfiNi . Hi! i ! I i ijiii i i i ! i i ii i ill HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 375 g ’ g 3 ' CTN CT> ' ON i * i SR S3R3K R33-83. Sti.-t.t- 5CS8S 'SSSSKS K8 ii &&£ iiiii mss SUM itSiM is Pg PP3PP «8*t| £P33P SZSKO- £P *s EE 88332! fcaPg3 S"S3,5£ 3Pg8S 3S&3S3 88 el ssSts gggss mm SUM isiiii ss pg £P3pp *8"t3 £P3kp siasmt siggss-s pp 33 3S33S £ag 3PS8J ? 3&£3££ 3 8 si isssi ss&S mss iiiis isiiig is Pg P&SSP ^g“P| £P32P tfSSfrit PKffgtfS £P P 1 ’& fu ^ 3 2 o o ooooo ooooo ooooo ooooo o i-K\o o o oo i§ SS««§ 88388 01**8 *SR«8 0SR8SS §8 i s * * s * & 2 sH g s * f § < r (3 » *•» * H! & 5 g * S' a 8 5 £ 5 iii * jf f- « 8 si i 8 s 8 » » 8 g i g ‘ -* j» S' £ 3 * * * o - 8 : ; : ; it ii iii ! II III I ii ii ii ft Ill i I I i S'li I i ii ii ii i! ii Hi ? i BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 ,8,»’ ' 'SB'S: . . rs sH’ - 8 - - sV V*’ ' ’ft'® . . niir £ 1C * s i S is* . i . m & • ■ ' ® S'l'S " 'i " 1 * *a‘ ' ' • *s ***" ' 1 'S3 'g - a CM* r 3 CM* CM* ssm ssaas mm ssm is*£s£ &*ss sss*£ '5 B^a* «rfwsa a-sa-- ^ ir\-^ »^k\ s^aa *aw“' 00* T ‘ ' '1 V ' '3 " '3' ' 1 ' ‘ ’R ‘ ' ’S' o. . . • . 1 1 •* a cm* a* « issss SSSSS SRS’S 'Hi I S5S2£ '§ B-^ao ""g a^ss'0*- a^g*' a samara 8S3S5 a'-^a© SSR2S £is§S© a-as?-'- ssm i£8£s£ *l*a« Mall *S~" JSRS* ©a^’ © 'a s' Vs*. 1 1 "S" . '£' ’S I'a* 1 I ' ' ’ ' ■ . KN BO* T <*& CM* 'St 'SfjC 1 ' ' *8 ‘ 1 ‘1 1 1 . T‘s ’ **'* 1 ■g S’ i a f S* S VO* V*«- . T'« *M 1 1 'IC vO * -* r- rH K\ S'* B3 8*$$S e*iss %&tn ilSSIS s *su im£* £££§§ *•*££* 3SS§§ iizi* M*i$ m*i S'l'SH 'S i 1.034.901 2.870.079 91.978 HIGHER INSTITUTIONS 1 S’ a 1 S' a B's* I S' ~s '* ‘M a 3 1 ' ' ' ’T’* * & a • • • • . ' ' 'S'S t*«& ama ©sms S'~“'“' ^8 3 & U u0uioa\. s % s 1, 458 145 1,049 1,203 580 506 149 864 1,249 340 2, 018 2, 157 2, 267 1,799 1,294 1,002 447 618 1,836 If* U8p\[ 2 1 * 923 171 775 1, 110 631 289 108 3§ SiSil Sfills rtCa^HrH r-T r-T Urban Negro only uaraoAV «r 195 5 113 22 248 257 214 I1 £ £8 i“ i j U0J\[ CD 1 90 2 • 84 18 123 159 179 ;; 21 139 100 Qfi l ; White or white and Negro norao^YY 2 101, 100 issSl mn 35313 li§sS oo-r r-r «»- i I CO 9ISS 11 © : i-Tco 1 I is IrtT 6,740 14, 212 6,028 2,337 ill jefcf 1 1 111 1 «? i i-Tof | 1 il | i i 5 * North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ ouuui ucu±.vic%- _ _ __ . Tennessee _ Texas _ utan _ Vermont - Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Wvominp _ _ Outlying parts of the United. States Alaska . . «janai z,one _ _ _ Guam Hawaii _ _ Philippine Islands _ Puerto Rico _ Virgin Islands _ _ Table 7. — Number of schools , pupils, and teachers in regular public day high schools, 1937—38 28 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Teachers Rural Negro only uatnoAY w i i i CO :h 20 47 ” i U3M o N ® • ; ^ 5 102 8 : White or white and Negro uaraoAA 05 2 us *S r 65 1,209 320 1,967 590 1,288 1,379 406 911 319 388 1,446 uap\[ QO 1 s 21 124 192 938 397 176 1 sg I1S3S Sslii r-T rHt-T rH Urban Negro only uamoAV 05 S So 10 05 86 10 114 §8 39 131 s : uaj\[ c© 1,348 45 2 12 :s S3 ; White or white and Negro namoAV us 8 3 > '2 1-4 £ SRO e* n * : ;S Bg ;! -i nn® Nosusoi co r-T *o cT ao" sAog 1 CO 887,554 lElls lissi Ills* IHks '®'*vr5g,~r »>r «®Var»o Schools I ! A[uo ojSojsj ift 1 : :® “’g C ;s : oaSa^ pun a^iqM jo a^iq^V 12,195 6 33 118 189 180 36 1 2S SgSIS liSSB Urban A[uo oj3aj\j 3|^*° CO^JO ;« ON 23 2 : ojaajq pm? ajiqM jo ajiqAV 1 l - 1,728 12 9 8 105 5 26 1 2 9 43 11 159 56 16 11 20 55 15 20 66 1 I 1 o Continental United States Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas Colorniin | * Delaware .2 s Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho Indiana Iowa j i | ! 1 Maryland _ Massachusetts _ PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 29 : :g« 8 8 : m ;§ CO ' ; : I 3 ;S : :3 CO i isgla &sm Ilfs! SS-SI sl“sg ms -? r-t ef rH § 'l00 fills ls$sl ifll! S3-S1 ISgss Ilia rH r-f r-T of £ ir : :§S 1 § ;a ; m ;5j 00 . : i-S S 3 :e 95 177 :s 00 suss b"8ss 11=12 ise?s fr?i iss* ef tC a> uej\[ icoio^co os 05 ^ OOCM CM i-H CM CO CM Tt4 O^OONM 05 OrH W C^N050 OOHOOOO (NiCCNW 00 05 CM CO 05 10 05^ 00 1-H CM iO iO 00 05 rf4 CO CO CO h CO CM 05 OHIOIOIO CM CO Tt4 00 CO OOCCOO OINO(NTf< — GO CO — 4 GO 05 GO O O CO CM CM »0 CO 03*000 ^rHlOOOCO »C H y-4 swo 2 s^og | 2 I £} O £ gfi S'© SFTO sAog CO Tt4 CO ^t4 rt4 NCO^OO^ ‘OONCOiO N C05 N 05 ’rfCO'^iOCO lOCNCOCO iOOOT 1*000 05 05 CO iO o > cm co u- go cm oo > !>• Tf4 i-H U- CO 05 U- CO SWO s£og qo I O CO r r L- 1C :S > M . © oZ spiO sAog Ajno ojSajsi oi2a>i puB ajiqM jo aijqAl HCOOMN O CD W rH 03 OiONnn< *— CO CO CO CO »o »o *C *-• * “ COO5.HQ0N OO^HOO' 5 CM CM HNH CM 05 r-l cO 05 cm oo 05 CO !>. 00 CO 00 CO »0 O O J-* cmcocococo' oTcoor^T^ 1-H 1-HCOCM i— i CM h CM CO *0 *0 CO 1-H 05 00 05 CO NCOCOCh 05 ^t4 CM CO ^ ICNHCO^ HOiOCMit t^ocoofco gi-T-^TcM'j ' CO CO 05 CM LO CO i-H lO — ' CM HCNH CO - " - — CM i-H CO CO ^t4 Tf CM CO A[no oiSajs^ »o CO i CS CO CO oj2ajs[ pus a?iqAV jo a^xqA\. > *0 05 05 00 CM 00 O CO 05 CO vw W.SQ ©53^0'© 3 o %£ £ — s S£5 o 5W5 §' ®.ss c >» 03 .2 '-Td *2 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 31 Jill ii hh sllli Illfl 111 ^Zlz; ttzoo o^Sm Table 9. — Summary of enrollments and instructional staff in 25.467 public high schools , by grade , sex, and type of school, 1937-38 32 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Number instructional staff uomoAV © N 649 20 454 1, 411 406 1,354 201 69 29, 474 19 1,591 1 noj\[ 05 • 257 12 247 660 186 419 88 43 14, 012 15 1,133 e* © Number of pupils Grand total SPJO GO 12, 962 489 10, 494 27, 969 8, 040 24, 873 3,791 1,345 586, 500 463 34, 104 711,030 sAog - 13, 092 451 9, 589 28, 261 7,845 25,018 3, 747 1,413 574, 304 455 33, 379 s US r-? 05 CO Total Negro pupils SWO 2 1 343 792 18 578 3 2 35, 007 2, 914 40, 060 sAog 8 CO 322 680 18 515 3 28, 040 2,183 05 CO o w e# Total white pupils SFIO 12, 559 489 10, 151 27, 177 8,022 24, 295 3,788 1, 343 551, 493 463 31, 190 670, 970 sAog } 12, 784 451 9,267 } 27, 581 7, 827 } 24, 503 3,744 1, 413 } 546,264 455 } 31,196 US ao us CO CO 1 0pao3 jooqos -q2iq jo jeioodg N CO i L- i 31 36 18 139 6 5,786 54 214 7 6, 367 ajnnpBoS-jsoj i ill i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii l iii i i i i iii ii l ill i i i i iii ii l iii iiii iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii jooqos q2iq jeoA-qj-mo^ © i iii i i i i ill ii l ill il f i ill ii i ill i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ip jooqos q2iq JEeA-pjiqj, 05 l ill ill’ iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i ill i i i i iii ii i iii i i i i iii ii i ill till iii ii i ill i i i i iii ii ' iii i i i i iii ii jooqos qSiq aBoA-puooog i ' 1 QO 4, 969 2, 058 179 12, 548 612 20, 366 1 jooqos q2iq jsoA-jsjij 13, 591 365 11, 179 6, 673 17, 072 328 2,788 393, 622 6, 006 234 18, 090 861 470, 809 opEiS qjqSja - 11,676 346 456 8, 873 26, 826 331 4, 225 16, 058 407 2,686 851 370, 691 8, 447 252 16, 591 981 469, 697 opEoS qjuoAog US 484 28, 683 354 15, 529 358 969 366, 759 9, 439 253 16, 198 1.381 440,407 opEJS qjxtg i iii i i i 00 iii ii i iii i i i CO iii ii ii i i i 05 iii ii ao A Suijaod -9J sjooqos jo isquinM - / 38 l 3 3 27 / 213 l 3 37 r 66 \ 3 7 11 fl, 645 \ 60 2 / 225 \ 29 w N sjaqranu ajqs j, e* j 0005© r-H CO^IO COt>- OC rH 1-H (N CN CS (M O* pqA\ 50 SPSS P88S II2H giiSS SPSS -r-r i-' rf - -r Fourth year OJ29N a^BJBdag 2 . §1 ' IrH : :! ;22 rn il 1,913 4, 381 I PUB ajiqM jo ‘ajiq.w 2 g§ais ibiss nm §ssbs ishs 8S52S-' g'S-‘RS fs-2» ss^'g Second year OJ39j^[ 9QBJBd9g 2 2, 183 1, 881 : i ! i II ii! : J oo j i-T 2 iS ;I 9^BJBd9g es gs § i"*5 :S 74 270 s ojSajs^ pus 9jiqAV jo ‘a^iqAi " gill! S»S3S ggfgg gg5|l SS3S3 H 1-^ H r-T State or outlying part Michigan Minnesota _ MISSISSIPPI _ Missouri _ Mrmtano Nebraska _ Nevada _ 1 n£> III New York _ North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma.. . Oregon _ Pennsylvania _ ... _ _ DhoHn Tt’lnnd ill Tennessee _ Texas _ _ . TTtah Vermont _ PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 37 ;S | | ' 120,260 112, 834 169,723 18, 544 1,449 1,119 251 24, 488 66, 742 12, 123 284 ;8 : ; ; 167 348 820 £3 1 ” 61 44 1 ;a : : | ; m 138 26 49 224 jg i ; ; 20, 588 13, 732 30, 314 3,001 186 233 2, 767 10, 486 1,977 10 :! j 23, 372 16, 661 35, 313 3, 520 255 220 8 3, 625 12, 719 2, 447 17 1 i : 26, 519 20, 736 37, 737 3, 653 349 239 13 4, 272 18, 138 3, 285 27 i§ i !^r ! ill 4, 339 364 263 54 5, 056 25, 131 4,413 56 :S i : ; 10, 513 16,977 12, 147 1,946 97 81 87 4, 210 :S 12 i! i 9,392 18, 348 11,317 1,872 106 83 89 4, 448 | :£ : 350 324 509 Washington _ _ _ West Virginia . _ _ _ Wisconsin. .. w yoming ......... . Outlying parts oj the United States Alaska il 1 Hawaii _ PhiliDoine Islands _ J! 1 Table 11. — Pupils enrolled in all regular day high schools, hy years, 1937-38 38 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Total Sepa¬ rate l | 3, 995 190 693 4, 121 496 8, 877 6, 148 1,273 2,381 11, 197 5, 026 4, 987 |!l Negro c© 3,091,263 11151 ills® g&sa sllSl SiSlS SSSSt Sp-'-'g SgSSS SWt SSSSfS Special, of high- school grade Sepa¬ rate Negro 1 to 1 1 1 .lie 1 ; ag | White or white and Negro 5,930 29 12 1,515 12 12 §§338 Postgraduate Sepa¬ rate i 1 si; — i ! i is s*- i White or white and Negro W 1 s 9 123 29 4,266 122 375 14 SS3 8||2| Sfg§§ ggSgg Fourth year Sepa¬ rate i 20,408 3Sg | 863 66 1,250 733 255 377 1,714 1 §i | White or white and Negro U3 1 iSiss s§is! 3115s gllle Islal MNCiorf OO HHH ^JgS'HO aFoWWV Third year Sepa¬ rate as 5 936 40 145 1,304 92 1,803! 18 i _r 1 490 2,085 1 I! i White or white and Negro | Q© 710,540 ISIS! llsll Hill iSIIS §1381 eoeocCoV JH THrH^r .oV^QOO otCt-Tcfio' co Second year Sepa¬ rate TVT (> i - 37,584 1,289 56 188 1,555 128 2, 492 18 : _r ! 634 2,868 2 1,485 1,394 White or white and 1 z; C© I S SSiei sisal S11S1 ilssg SIssl Vcono-f CO HHffl u50g«N tCtCiooTgo of oo' ad go *o First year Sepa¬ rate > *® | 3 1, 121 56 228 228 210 3,317 si ! ; 878 4, 458 1 ;! il i -Tr-f ! |ll. 1 ^ ! 1 i 4, 484 4, 375 3,935 41,003 5,114 14, 007 193 282 2, 321 19, 785 6,518 90, 326 24, 721 14, 418 13,819 9, 492 Vli 8, 783 20, 559 12, 238 7, 921 10, 239 30, 522 6, 433 Schools reporting III i >CHH I 3 9 135 2 OO i i 38 8 if ^3 : White or white and 1 z, 8 ec SSggcS 8""Sj S§|gS |§§§8 State or outlying part 1 Continental U. S _ Alabama Arizona _ Arkansas California... _ Connecticut - Delaware _ _ District oi Columbia. . . Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho _ Indiana Iowa... _ * fl«j \ III Maryland _ TVT nT r-T Oh i i i i i il i iE i : il i §£ i jg ! ! ! ! III!! ! T ^ 0 50 85 CQ si's I © CO *C CO oo u- © *o COt^HCOO co co" co" o" »OO^NCO (N1NNN00 COhOODO CDiCHNN »OOXC5H CT o" im" 00 co 00 CO O *0 *— < CD O ^ CD CO CD ^ r © tC cD i-H %z S-g’Si ^ a3* 50 e*i *o *o im a « 55 gs 03 § Oo 2 5r2ao -3 io i i ! ', -g ', .a ® 0 ; : 1 1 l l 1 1 l 1 p> 'ITjg Hiii a h* ! Ojs § 9 ; *'5§.|s d t>>c^ rl fl g-g.sg ort ■S'-gf gg •ss§^.s OQQS2 2*S*SW« 3 O- 3,487 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 41 iiiii it>-iii i O *0 i i ^ iiiii iC^iii i os oo i i co iiiii iOOiii iVOCSii iiiii i CO i 1 i i N 1 1 rH IIIII 1 III 1 II IIIII 1 III 1 II is ; • i i i i ■ i i i • 1 Sllsl assSS SHsl liesgg “gssa ss's'g- as'""" sss-' 897 2,165 12, 123 ; : i ; ; : : ; ; : :» ; ; : | | j | j | i i i i p : i j i j i S | i i : j ! • 15 62 91 378 59 410 26 49 344 3 18 6 31 21 8 30 16 85 665 15 : ; ; : ; ; ; : ; : ; j ; ; ; ; j j j j j i i j j i jjiii | iiiii iiiii iiiii i | j i j i.ii ; : | | 8|§|S ISSsS 5aS !i CO ?2i5s iiiii is i i i isg i i ss is i i iiiii i i ; ; ; j ~ : j | ; j | | i . 1,579 24, 427 1,914 77, 315 4,346 23, 890 11,717 8, 045 42, 628 885 6, 011 11, 539 924 1,150 1,059 121 13, 478 4,430 17, 904 1,527 185 418 1,977 iiiii is i i i iss i i 3 iiiii i N iii i *0 it CS iiiii i iii i «. ii is i • i | | | SallS l§sil Hall SSSSg -a- s'- a‘=»8" - s-s- 191 513 2,447 : : i i i is i i i i«§ i i 8 is : : ; ; : :®. : : : :® : ; ^ i 1 j j l i Isles §5111 lissl 5S11I -s-'g-5 S'2'SS- 2“'?!'- 242 643 3,285 : 1 i i i ig i i i i i § : : : : j : : ;® : i 50 ii 1 1 j j i , . . l§2|! SiilS liiSg Sill! "‘rs* sa='s-' 2 -'a” 252 588 4,413 Z Z IS 89 ! ^ | | 41 131 92 461 372 392 591 229 517 8 273 339 7 17 33 2 246 72 386 44 16 3 23 New Hampshire _ New Jersey _ _ New Mexico . . . . New York _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ _ Oklahoma Oregon . . . Pennsylvania _ Rhode Island _ South Dakota _ Tennessee . . Texas _ _ Utah _ Vermont . . Virginia... . v> asninKion West Virginia... . . Wisconsin . Wyoming _ _ Outlying parts of the United States Alaska ..... _ Hawaii _ Puerto Rico _ Table 13. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year regular high schools, by years (11 grades ), 1937-38 42 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 43 Table 14. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year regular high schools,1 by years (13 grades ), 1937-38 Grade: Tenth _ Eleventh _ Twelfth _ Thirteenth. Postgraduate Total _ Number of pupils enrolled --- 47 48 36 40 1 772 i Maine reported four schools of this type. They are schools for white and Negro pupils. Table 15. — Pupils enrolled in regular day high schools of 3 years or less, by years (8 elementary grades ), 1937-38 State Schools reporting Ninth grade Tenth grade Eleventh grade Special of | high-school grade Total White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro • White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Continental U. S _ 992 76 13, 978 959 10, 414 712 3, 991 194 64 11 27, 547 1,876 Arkansas _ 9 3 95 49 55 28 26 18 176 95 California 4 112 93 10 215 Colorado 6 54 34 26 114 Florida 1 3 11 33 20 12 11 65 Georgia 2 51 56 1 108 Idaho.. _ _ - - 14 187 149 27 363 Illinois _ 229 1 2,937 13 2, 752 10 1,634 2 7,323 25 Indiana . . 4 1 91 7 58 4 16 165 11 Iowa 25 218 194 11 423 Kansas 9 69 62 1 132 Kentucky 30 6 477 51 420 48 109 2 1, 006 101 Maine... . _ 13 187 147 334 M assachusetts 1 18 8 6 32 Michigan _ _. 58 676 536 32 1,244 Minnesota. .... . . 15 188 154 70 412 Mississippi _ . .. ... 34 34 471 461 371 317 144 98 24 11 1,010 887 Missouri _ . . .. 113 14 1,265 138 821 107 177 30 2, 263 275 Montana 1 10 20 30 Nebraska .. 51 397 322 29 748 Nevada . .... 1 10 7 17 New Hampshire. 3 41 17 58 New Jersey _ ... . . 1 47 26 73 New Mexico . 23 197 172 104 26 499 New York.. 15 574 376 265 13 1,228 North Dakota 37 230 209 118 557 Ohio _ _ ... . . 18 253 168 129 550 Oklahoma. . 7 3 96 31 45 23 20 14 161 68 Oregon... 2 12 12 2 26 Pennsylvania. 113 2, 333 1, 786 900 5,019 South Dakota 32 213 178 101 492 Tennessee 95 9 1,308 125 994 99 14 17 2,316 241 Vermont . 10 100 83 1 184 Washington 2 25 14 6 45 West Virginia _ 4 45 37 14 96 W isconsin 5 66 58 124 W y oming 65 36 101 1 227771°— 4( 4 44 BIENNIAL SURVEY OE EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 16. — Pupils enrolled in regular day high schools of 3 years or less , by years (7 elemen tary grades ), 1937—38 State or outlying part Schools re¬ porting Eighth grade Ninth grade Tenth grade Special of high-school grade — Separate Negro Total White or white and Negro o H © £ © c3 a © m White or white and Negro o u bfi © £ © & OQ White or white and Negro © £ © * © m White or white and Negro O H So © £ 1 h 03 0. OQ White or white and Negro s bfi © £ © "c3 c5 a © GG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Continental United States. Georgia _ ... _ Louisiana.. _ _ . _ Maryland. . .. _ _ 336 208 5, 326 2,976 3,775 2,012 424 1,046 2 9, 525 6, 036 96 3 3 14 3 172 45 54 5 2 29 20 87 11 1,664 52 110 419 26 2,420 635 665 64 74 614 400 997 162 1, 255 42 475 57 42 384 301 656 97 5 189 6 2 2,924 94 110 686 63 4, 444 1,204 1, 331 127 116 1, 217 921 2, 045 279 North Carolina _ _ _ South Carolina _ _ Texas _ _ _ Virginia. . _ Outlying part of United States Philippine Islands 221 19 1, 780 458 46 18 244 111 219 220 392 20 2 171 93 1 265 Table 17. — Consolidated enrollments of all reorganized day high schools , by years, 1937- PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 45 Total 3 ojSajc eqejedog £ 1 § |i g i i Il3§§ IIS 1 ” : j j-ef ; I SI Is r-H CO 1 Ci i i > j oj39n: Pne epqM jo opqAV § 1 1 SSSB3 liSSi »SSB IS185 S°°£g!S SS5S8S SSS2S Special of high-school grade ojSejq o^njndag £ 1§ 2 : :« : : ojSonj pue a-jiqAv jo aixqAV 2 £ 7 3 116 1,720 25 172 13 70 36 1 60 193 10 53 75 i 1.097 Postgrad¬ uate oj3a>j aijBjBdag £ £ r - : : : • ojSajq pue eqq.*v jo apqAV s § 5 1 SSSSS 382|2 §§£§! S82|®S -T Fourth year ojgajq aiejBdag 10,473 £ : oo ■ 8 1 140 1,241 783 166 231 2 s3 j! 1 : ojSajq pue aiiqM jo a?iqAi S i isiis gases ill!; giiii o "-i ocf r^" ■*<’ i-i es" os co cs” ad aT r--~ t-J" cf ei'ci'cs Third year ojSajNj ajBjBdag £ 1 $ ; ^ : 1 j 3 iSS :S5 : IrH* , I 1 ga il } i ojSaiq pun aqqM jo aqqAV £ 1 s SSsil 88183 SsISi llsIS Sf'"* 2^! °° “O'-1 of oT glares' ~ efcow Second year ojSajq a?BjBdag - 18, 168 g | 8 i ~ : S IIS '!§ IS 13 Ig ; ofi-f : : oj2a»q puB aqqM jo aqqAl £ 2 i liilS mu 13831 sgggl *£jT *-h rC O c^T erf CO io r-* co erf cf First year oj3a x a^BJBdag 05 1! § § : o co cvTos us oo co jOr-tcioTtC ^ Seventh grade 1 ojSajsl a^BjBdag 1 55 1 : CO i 1 1 csf ! 241 2,611 3, 277 2, 032 '"’373 291 1 i : .1 ,h : ! i ^ r : .9 ojSajq puB aqqM jo aqqAi ■*< l 8 SSSiS 11113 38185 I .131 1 OS’-'^fo'o' «f i a^BJBdag S§ § 2$ 1 II ,-r oj3ajs[ pus oqqAV jo atxqAV 3 li§S§ IlssSi islll liil! Hill woVoef us nhh ofwNgj-T -«r«eoeoi puB aqq^ jo aqqA\. N 541 414 225 193 73 130 8 63 117 37 541 31 71 842 180 66 622 39 77 44 58 231 128 51 56 State or outlying part 1 C J ! is -5 i i i • . 1 llll If ; - > n i £ ■ 7_ ;5z 1 New Jersey _ Now TWovion New York North Carolina _ Nnrt.h Dakota Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Pennsylvania _ Rhode Island i iss III Tennessee . _ _ _ Texas _ _ _ _ _ Utah _ Vermont i PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 47 !g i 1 co ! 57, 454 88,296 83, 861 10, 940 552 1,119 251 22, 323 284 ;8 : 151 263 155 42 :S ;s ; 427 205 224 74 is i 7,110 9, 302 12,410 1,474 Sg 01 m‘z is 8,397 11,204 14, 315 1, 724 64 220 8 3, 112 17 i! i ! 9, 788 14, 034 15,319 1. 772 107 239 13 3, 629 27 iS i ! H 1 11,676 17,963 17, 974 2.018 ii i 10, 513 16, 977 12, 147 1.946 97 81 87 4,210 72 i! i In* ! ; 9,392 18, 348 11,317 1.872 ; |88|| r :S : CO CO i-H OJ o* Washington _ _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Wvnmimr Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ Guam _ Hawaii _ Virgin Islands _ _ 48 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 1936-38 Table 18. — Pupils enrolled in 2-year junior high schools , followed by 3-year senior high schools , by years (11 grades ), 1937—38 Schools reporting Seventh grade Eighth grade Total i State White or Sepa- White or Sepa¬ White or Sepa¬ White or Sepa¬ white and rate white and rate white and rate white and rate Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro . 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental II. S. _ 38 3 11, 676 346 13,591 365 25,343 711 Alabama _ _ 1 290 265 555 Georgia 3 755 976 1, 731 Louisiana _ _ . 2 489 419 908 Maryland 2 257 156 413 Missouri 2 946 1, 774 2, 720 North Carolina 4 1,253 1, 350 2,649 SouthCarolina _ .. . 7 1,458 1,581 3,039 Texas _ 14 3 5,043 346 5, 743 365 10, 786 711 Virginia. __ ... _ _ 3 1, 185 1,327 2,542 1 Includes specials in the following States: North Carolina, 46; Virginia, 30. Table 19. — Pupils enrolled in 2-year junior high schools , followed by 4-year senior high schools,1 by years (11 grades), 1937-38 Grade; Number of pupils enrolled Sixth _ 484 Seventh _ 456 Total 940 1 Texas reported 3 schools of this type. They are schools for white pupils only. Table 20. — Pupils enrolled in 2-year junior high schools, followed by 3-year senior high schools, by years (12 grades), 1937—38 State Schools reporting 1 Eighth grade Ninth grade Total 2 1 2 3 4 5 Continental United States. _ _ _ 27 8,873 11,179 20, 083 Connecticut _ _ _ . _ . _ ... . 1 125 750 875 Georgia _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 417 390 807 Illinois . . . . . 1 646 775 1, 421 660 Indiana 1 248 412 Iowa .. __ .... ... _ . . _ 4 1, 124 851 1, 975 Massachusetts. . . . . . . . 2 401 508 909 Michigan 2 1,009 1, 363 1, 238 489 2, 403 New Jersey _ _ _ . . . 3 1,072 308 2,310 797 New York... _ . _ _ _ 1 Oklahoma. ... _ . . .. 2 586 619 1,205 Oregon _ _ _ _ _ 1 118 148 266 Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . .. 3 1,294 214 1,927 3, 221 426 South Dakota _ _ _ . . . 1 212 Utah 1 519 530 1, 049 1,759 Washington _ _ 3 792 967 1 These are schools for white or white and Negro pupils. 2 Includes 31 specials in Michigan. PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 49 Table 21. — Pupils enrolled in 2-year junior high schools followed by 4-year senior high schools , Ity years (12 grades ), 1937-38 State or outlying part Schools reporting Seventh grade Eighth grade Total i White or white and Negro Sepa¬ rate Negro White or white and Negro Sepa¬ rate Negro White | or white and N egro Sepa- : rate Negro White or white and Negro Sepa¬ rate Negro 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States ... 213 3 28, 683 354 26,826 331 55, 545 685 3 229 234 463 California _ _ _ 1 170 231 401 Colorado.. _ . _ 9 2.005 2.031 4,036 461 383 844 Florida _ 1 1 10 13 10 7 20 20 1 254 212 466 Idaho _ _ _ _ _ 3 283 305 588 Illinois _ . _ 22 3,187 3,204 6,393 Indiana _ ....... 20 1 4, 265 221 3. 740 205 8,005 426 Iowa _ _ _ ... . ... 18 1,607 1,508 3, 115 Kansas . . . . . 18 1,357 1,359 2, 716 Kentucky ..... _ _ 6 992 882 1,874 Maine . . _ 3 537 473 1,010 Massachusetts 26 2, 957 2, 729 5, 705 Michigan... _ _ 15 2, 132 2, 006 4, 138 Mississippi . . . 1 120 119 239 Missouri 2 212 168 380 Montana. _ _ . 6 746 639 1.385 Nebraska. . _ _ _ . 4 728 662 1,390 New Hampshire _ 9 420 413 833 New Jersey 2 282 212 494 North Dakota... _ _ ... 1 192 185 377 Ohio .. _ _ ... _ 4 598 586 1,184 Oklahoma _ . .. . 8 1,345 1,224 2, 569 Oregon 6 553 529 1,082 Pennsylvania.. . . . . 2 809 493 1,302 Utah _ 6 549 510 1,059 Vermont . . . . 1 172 202 389 Virginia 1 756 841 1, 597 Washington. _ _ 1 153 159 312 Wisconsin . _ _ _ 1 180 173 353 Wyoming.. .. .. ._ ... 6 542 523 1,065 Outlying part of the United States Canal Zone. ... ....... 1 83 81 164 i Includes specials in the following States: Illinois, 2; Massachusetts, 19; Vermont, 15. 50 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-3 8 Table 22. — Pupils enrolled in 3-year junior high schools, followed by 2-year senior high schools, by years (11 grades ), 1937—38 State Schools re¬ porting 1 Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 Continental United States _ _ 37 4, 225 6, 673 4, 969 15,885 Georgia _ _ -. 2 47 56 36 139 Louisiana. __ . . . - - 14 352 274 232 858 Maryland _ _ - - - 1 102 70 54 226 Missouri _ -.. ... . - 2 586 1,069 745 2,400 North Carolina _ . -------- -- 1 192 258 206 656 South Carolina-. .. - - - 4 473 473 246 1, 192 Texas _ 2 289 663 236 1,188 Utah _ 7 1,359 2,609 2,444 6, 430 Virginia _ _ _--- - - - 4 825 1,201 770 2,796 1 These are schools for white or white and Negro pupils. Table 23. — Pupils enrolled in 3-year junior high schools, followed by 3-year senior high schools, by years (11 grades), 1937-38 State Schools reporting Sixth grade Seventh grade Eighth grade Total i White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro 1 1 £ ! Separate Negro 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Continental United States _ Georgia 66 3 15, 529 358 16, 058 407 17, 072 328 48, 798 1,093 1 62 3 65 14, 823 641 78 14, 889 1,091 98 15, 771 1,203 241 45, 622 2,935 Texas - _ __ _ _ _ 3 358 407 328 1,093 Virginia i Includes 139 special in Texas. Table 24. — Pupils enrolled in 3-year junior high schools, followed by 2-year senior high schools, by years (12 grades), 1937—38 State Schools reporting 1 Eighth grade Ninth grade Tenth grade Total 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 Continental United States _ _ 7 2,686 2,788 2, 058 7,538 Illinois.. _ _. ... _ 1 152 174 172 498 Minnesota _ ... - 2 350 666 579 1,595 Missouri _ _ _ _ _ 1 185 204 162 557 Pennsylvania . . . . .. . ... 3 1,999 1,744 1, 145 4,888 1 These are schools for white or white and Negro pupils. 2 Includes 6 specials in Missouri. PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 51 Table 25. — Pupils enrolled in 3 -year junior high schools, followed by 4-year senior high schools, by years (12 grades ), 1937-38 State Schools reporting 1 Sixth grade Seventh grade Eighth grade Total 1 2 3 4 5 C Continental United States _ u 938 969 851 2,758 Illinois ._ . - . ..... . ... _ 3 253 232 247 732 833 1,036 157 Iowa.. . . . .. _ - 5 259 312 262 Texas 2 372 370 294 Utah 1 54 55 48 1 These are schools for white or white and Negro pupils. Table 26. — Pupils enrolled in 3 -year junior high schools, followed by 3 -year senior high schools by years (12 grades), 1937—38 State or outlying part Schools re¬ porting Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade Total > White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro J Separate Negro J 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Continental United States. .. 1,645 60 366, 759 9, 439 370, 691 8,447 393, 622 6, 006 1, 136, 858 23, m Alabama. .... . _ _ 67 11 3,489 386 3,072 273 2,442 224 9,003 8S3 Arizona _ 5 944 921 791 2,656 Arkansas _ . _ 21 3 3,018 " 33 2,906 37 2, 690 27 8, 614 87 California ... 117 39, 976 38, 840 39, 385 118, 401 Colorado . . 18 4, 792 4, 805 4, 538 14, 135 Connecticut 31 6,937 6, 944 8,441 22,390 Delaware _ . _. 7 3 1,283 78 1,289 59 1,624 82 4, 196 220 District of Columbia. .. . . ... 11 6 4, 055 2, 611 4,318 2, 381 4, 033 1,699 12, 406 6,744 Florida. . _ .. . . 61 7 7,165 483 6, 855 364 6,316 281 20, 336 1,128 Georgia . . _ ......... 9 1 3, 913 556 3, 943 450 3,784 334 11, 640 1,340 Idaho 6 1, 505 1,551 1,894 4, 950 Illinois _ _ ..... _ 23 1 4, 886 71 5, 185 68 6, 257 32 16, 328 171 Indiana . . . _ ... 37 1 5, 017 70 4, 696 45 4,680 43 14, 489 158 Iowa . ... 31 6, 399 6,391 6, 979 19, 769 Kansas _ . ... .. _ _ 33 1 6,940 359 6, 893 346 7, 405 341 21,238 1, 046 Kentucky.. _ . . ... _ 27 2 4,576 802 4,382 712 4,795 538 13, 782 2,052 Maine r 812 769 1, 016 2,597 Maryland . . 23 2 6,064 1, 165 5,706 861 4, 469 289 16, 239 2,315 Massachusetts 135 28, 609 28, 753 28, 941 86, 761 Michigan 81 20, 338 23, 273 28,054 72, 762 Minnesota 41 8, 178 9, 177 11, 110 28, 726 Mississippi 5 979 1, 056 928 2,963 Missouri.. _ _ .. . ... 25 1 4, 043 13 4, 139 14 4,769 24 12, 954 51 Montana 1 159 141 142 442 Nebraska _ _ _ 12 2, 167 2,227 2,433 6,827 Nevada. . 3 331 339 313 983 New Hampshire . 6 1, 040 922 1, 235 3, 197 New Jersey .. ... . . _ 62 1 11, 554 257 11, 628 196 14, 186 115 37, 456 568 New Mexico _ 9 1,539 1,479 1,805 4, 823 New York ... . . ... _ 141 59, 273 58, 474 60, 612 180, 435 1 Includes specials in the following States: California, 200; Connecticut, 68; Delaware, 1 (Negro); District of Columbia, 53 (Negro); Indiana, 96; Kentucky, 29; Massachusetts, 458; Michigan, 1,097; Minnesota, 261; Missouri, 3; New Jersey, 88; New York, 2,076; Ohio, 234; Oklahoma, 1; Oregon, 17; Pennsylvania, 651; Rhode Island, 205; Texas, 32; Washington, 149; Wisconsin, 121. 52 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 26. — Pupils enrolled in 3-year junior high schools, followed by 3 -year senior high schools by years (12 grades ), 1937-38 — Continued State or outlying part Schools re¬ porting Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade Total White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white | and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro White or white and Negro Separate Negro 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 North Carolina _ .... .. 5 1, 346 1, 350 1, 173 3, 869 North Dakota 7 1, 148 1, 118 1,275 3, 541 Ohio _ 119 3 26, 722 582 27, 234 654 27, 987 468 82, 177 1, 704 Oklahoma . . _ . _ 31 1 7, 483 252 7,241 293 7, 655 292 22, 380 837 Oregon _ .... ------- 23 2,888 2, 830 3, 958 9,693 Pennsylvania. . _ . _ .. . 140 1 34, 965 38 38, 160 33 43, 520 39 117, 296 110 Rhode Island . . 21 7, 275 6, 974 6, 618 21, 072 South Dakota _ _ _ _ 4 584 545 735 1,864 Tennessee. . . 26 8 5, 663 1, 201 5,501 1,237 4, 195 875 15, 359 3, 313 Texas.. _ _ _ _ 1 661 731 600 2, 024 Utah _ _ _ 38 2, 951 2, 958 2,769 8, 678 Virginia _ . . . 3 1 848 16 716 11 691 15 2, 255 42 Washington.. ... ... _ 44 7, 834 8, 006 8,694 24, 683 West Virginia _ _ ... _ 82 6 8, 839 466 8, 334 413 7,152 288 24, 325 1, 167 Wisconsin . . . 43 7, 122 7, 448 10, 071 24,762 Wyoming . . .. 3 449 471 462 1, 382 Outlying part of the United States Hawaii _ _ _ _ 6 3, 038 2, 850 2, 854 8,742 Table 27. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year junior high schools , by years (11 grades ), 1937—38 State Schools report¬ ing i Sixth grade Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Continental United States _ . _ 2 253 252 234 179 918 Texas _ _ _ 1 235 238 227 168 868 Virginia _ _ _ ... 1 18 14 7 11 50 1 These are schools for white pupils only. PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 53 Table 28. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year junior high schools , by years (12 grades), 1937-38 State or outlying part Schools reporting Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade Tenth grade Total i Se 2 « £ 1 © £ © <5 03 Pi © U1 © f ! jg'O 2 « £ i © £ © g 03 © m © 11 OTJ 23 c .C o So Z ! © I 1 GO © Es g 12 c JZ C3 o tx © Z © C8 03 © GQ © ° ■a & 22 c 03 o & © £ © c5 Ih 5 © CG © •tn o .■S C J5 > « .a 0 :§Ssgs 3||== ssass PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 55 8s i j 1 llll 1 llll 1 llll ' 1 ' 1 174 292 \ r\\ 1 'll 1 ill 1 III 1 III 1 III 1 III 8, 726 11,362 6, 327 6, 828 76 5, 681 1,338 1,526 32, 207 2,046 29, 242 11,016 664 13, 713 1,843 3, 265 1,899 5, 623 1,108 3, 334 9, 109 934 s i i i i : j j j ■ j cs 3 7 8 21 9 6 2 66 £ : C5 co ! ! co 1 1 ! NM ! ' llll 1 1 1 1 till till 1 l 1 1 j put? ajiqAv jo a^iqAl O 676, 381 67, 533 283 21,434 24, 932 5, 523 2, 276 2, 848 31, 769 560 16, 330 20, 277 16, 041 11, 095 2, 153 8, 434 15, 532 34, 602 51, 110 7, 588 16, 087 1, 528 5, 893 616 Special of high-school grade ojSajq ajujcdag OS 50 r* 50 i § C* oj3a>j put? a^iqAv jo eqqAY g© o co 50 oooco “a H to 74 1 2 4 Postgradu¬ ate OJ§0>J 0^BJBd0g r* os 9* to a ; - 05 to rHCO^GO O J pUB aqqAi. jo aqqAi 1 3 5*882 22855 1 421 1,470 398 310 42 445 31 3,331 580 56 1,381 265 193 Schools reporting oiSajsi e^jredag e© i : j ; i r i"1 j i i i i ^ ! 1 i j j i ojSsjsj; pnB aqqji jo 8}iqA\. w 1 3 HCqiONN CO ^82 Mc522~ State - Continental United States Alabama _ ArKaiisas California _ _ _ uojoraao _ _ Connecticut,. _ _ Florida _ Georgia _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kentucky _ Maine _ Maryland- _ j a IS Mississippi.- . . . . Missouri _ _ _ Nebraska _ New Jersey _ _ New Mexico _ _ New York _ _ _ North Carolina... - - North Dakota . . . . . - i i i i i. • i • 1 DO Table 34. — Pupils enrolled in undivided 5-year high schools , 2-3 and 3-2 plan, by years (12 grades ), 1937-38 — Continued 62 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 193 6-38 Total 1 ojSo^i ajnjndog j 2 1 1 1 ! §3 23 • lO CO ojBs^'I PUB o^iqAv jo atrtjAV. QO H ON CO CO 00 ^ 05 CO 00 *C *C 04 © 00 fcO OOiONO t>» CO CO 05 ^ Special of high- school grade ojSa^j; ajnindag r* ojso^ pun 8?iqMJoa}iqAV 2 04 04 COH »0 Postgraduate ojBajq; opjjndag ojSajsj pun 9?iqj&. jo 0tiqAV 3 119 6 28 04 Twelfth grade ojSojsi ainjndag eo CO 00 04 t-h ojSon; pun o^xqAi lo atxqAi o* oo >o TH O 00 N CO o £3 2 5h 04 T—< Eleventh grade ojBa^apsjndag lO 00 ^ ojSa^ pun a^iqM jo ajtqAV 1 o 1, 156 79 262 Tenth grade ojBa^j a^njedag - ojBa^[ pun a?iqM Joa?iq.M. ao 1,756 81 352 t>- CO 05 rH 05 00 05 Tt< ^ i— l Tf i-H Ol r-H 04 CO Ninth grade ojga^ a^njndog r» CO *o CO 05 oJBajsi PUB a;iqM jo 0iiqA\. - 1,908 94 129 rf 00 CO »o CO CO CO CO lO 00 H »-H CO rH 04 04 Eighth grade ojSo^ a^njndag ws r^i o^BJBdag © Tt< oj3ajq pae aqq-u. jo aqqAi j GO 1 1 i : Postgrad¬ uate oj3a]si;o;BjBdag ! s ojSajq puB aqq.M. jo oiiqAV i ~ - CO Eleventh grade oj3a|q a^BJBdag * Hi © © C(NGO 04 ~ CO ojSajq puB ajiq^i jo 8}tqA\. ! ~ _ 00 L- s” Tenth grade oj§a>jo;BjBdag 1 - C0»0 05 CO CO GC ojSajj; puB oqqAjoaqqAi s co 04 t>~ CO Ninth grade oj39iq0iBJBdag i © eo 30 214 125 ojSajq pnB aqqAV jo eqqAY j © l~ lz CO Eighth grade ojSajq a?BJBdag I - 19 234 159 ojSajq puB aqqM. jo aqqAY GO § is 04 • O Seventh grade ojltefq eiBJBdag ' 1 © (NNN 00 Ol 2 ojSa^i puB aqqAV jo aqqAV | © QO r» ■*< 1 1C 00 04 iO Sixth grade OJ38M a^BJBdag 1 uS r» »OON 00 04 £h oj39m pus ! aqq^v jo aqqAY j - r- ! u- 1 CO 00 Schools re¬ porting oj2ajq ajBJBdag 00 N T-H CO *0 ojStejq pus aqqA jo aqqAl N O- State Continental United States _ Georgia _ _ _ Texas . . . . . Virginia _ _ _ Table 36. — Pupils enrolled in undivided 6 -year high schools, by years (12 grades), 1937 — « 64 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 Total ojSajq o^njBdag 1 Jf i !S ;' sTs* -J-a ^'»§s ss Specials of high school grade ojSajq a?BjBdog 05 ! i puB o^iqAi jo a^iqAi CO 1 (M Sg£ i a “’SSSg 2 79 178 113 4 17 2 63 Twelfth grade oj38m o^BJBdog U9 i e is I | : i 1 S i ^ i 161 17 j ojSajq puB aqiq-iA. jo a?iqAV s l^sss ssS§2 si5SS 13ISI isSS3 COrH rH »dV4“rMCO COTfT 0 ^ th CO Tf ’HfNOS rn i i S5 | is i |i I Ills” SiSsl 10 3%-r o v-r © S |ll i is i i i i!SI® llsll ”1SS1 Slias -T to* to i-T tC ; 1 CO o ! 3 i j 437 1,347 182 8, 212 155 1,001 19, 643 1,675 533 8, 354 16 425 199 68 718 268 420 6, 424 1,325 505 i In j is i HSgs islsi *SS§g S§sg! rH oT gj“T *o a i 1 SI i is i 1 i Sill! «823i sllsl to- O-T 00 © g : i-1 i cs 7 9 7 115 1 27 491 24 7 112 1 16 3 2 11 14 5 107 12 17 . New Hampshire.-. . . ..I New Jersey New Mexico _ New York . . . . North Carolina. _ _ _ North Dakota Ohio _ _ _ _ Oklahoma Oregon . . rcnnsyivama . . . . Rhode Island _ Ca.iHi TloWo Tennessee. . . . ... Texas . . utan 1 _ _ _ _ Vermont _ _ _ Virginia _ _ West Virginia _ _ Wisconsin _ _ _ _ _ Wyoming . . . Outlying part of the United States Virgin Islands... _ one 4-2 66 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 37. — Pupils enrolled in 2-year senior high schools , by years {12 grades ), 1937-38 State Number of schools reporting 1 Eleventh grade Twelfth grade Special of high-school grade Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 Continental United States . . . 9 4, 847 4, 137 155 9, 139 California _ _ 3 1 1 1 1 2 2, 100 257 506 41 804 1, 139 1, 974 187 443 49 754 730 150 5 4,224 449 949 90 1, 558 1, 869 Kansas _ - . _ _ Michigan _ _ Mississippi _ - _ - - Pennsylvania Utah * _ These are schools for white and Negro pupils. Table 38. — Pupils enrolled in 3-year senior high schools, by years (11 grades ), 1937-38 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 67 Total Sepa¬ rate Negro t® E ** i i 0M‘l 608 White or white and Negro g 601 1,294 1, 049 6, 075 4, 474 4, 788 53, 335 4, 889 9, 565 Special of high- school grade Sepa¬ rate Negro c* 1 ' l ill li III II ' White or , white and : Negro a ® i to |” i gggs Postgraduate Sepa¬ rate Negro - . i . i -ii iCO III 1 CQ III 1 i : i j White or white and Negro ® * 7 41 18 371 49 23 Eleventh grade Sepa¬ rate Negro at 5 ig i is ' i-H ' ' CO : i : : i i White or white and Negro an 3 sf 183 393 230 1,473 1, 061 1,445 15, 109 2, 439 3, 512 Tenth grade Sepa¬ rate Negro - £ is i i i White or white and Negro c a S gf 213 436 309 2,093 1, 355 1, 556 17, 243 2, 372 2,994 Ninth grade Sepa¬ rate Negro t® 1 -r i§ | ii White or white and Negro - I 205 450 510 2, 499 2, 017 1, 741 20, 489 § jeo Schools reporting Sepa¬ rate Negro - CO ! ! I CO( ® g> 2£ O 05 o £££*£ ©i2i2i2e3 © Q)oo®® JzsZZIziIz; PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 69 SlgSi SS3S1 N(m“»®o geciM-odi-T loeoo'o'j* §*°s S-8' :«|g| !ss§ l 4 377 57 89 10 S3 i i is i i i !£ : j|j®j | gSSSi 353S3 3SB8S I OlOCC ®CO T .-.cooo gO>^~ --««« III &3«i fill ^i^OO< III! I £ O 35 ■8 1 I I I s ’3 O >£ 70 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 40. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year senior high schools ,l by years (11 grades ), 1937—38 pupils Grade: enrolled Eighth _ 545 Ninth _ 416 Tenth _ 284 Eleventh _ 249 Postgraduate _ 6 Total _ 1, 500 Texas reported three schools of this type. They are schools for white pupils only. Table 41. — Pupils enrolled in 4-year senior high schools . by years (12 grades), 1937-38 PUBLIC . HIGH SCHOOLS 71 Total Sepa¬ rate Negro 1 « 1 i i 205 2,328 1 i|i ! i i ! I i i i;| White or white and Negro s S' IliSl SiSSs 11833 Elsl§ ssili eoeOrn'cT r-T CN i i i ! ^ Postgraduate Sepa¬ rate Negro 2 2 i i i ii i»ON ii i to White or white and Negro 2 1 5 135 28 *8 “S&Z™ Twelfth grade Sepa¬ rate Negro 2 1 CO ' i | |”a ; |^ i i White or white and Negro O £ * 243 1, 353 1,238 312 99 607 3,810 2,918 2, 003 1,995 355 687 2, 182 3,298 53 147 690 696 273 491 374 154 515 986 462 Eleventh grade Sepa¬ rate Negro Oi S g | | i I !s§ ii ii ii ii White or white and Negro QO u 61335 IsSaS 3553* §3353 33533 HH -sTeOo cot-T-T Girls 5 1 2 Islsl Sills rsIsI 12211 Ilssl rH ^%-Tr-T rf rHC* nV««h Girls s 1 2 siaii ssi§3 ssisi ssaaa sins tS ^-ToTrH i— T cl* «T(N(N efoo^-cooT «o«fcoVc£ ®Ww«o Boys s i 13388 88831 S31SS 18131 ISSSS so r4V»o lOioei^VT wo^-ejef Schools tt1 «D g 2 I”S8! is§s§S SI3SS SlsIS Graduates, 1938 Total US 1, 029, 549 58838 88338 83881 33138 88833 stags' s--a‘s‘ »g'g"sa Girls 1 S' 7, 495 1,595 6,096 30, 666 5, 330 7,419 1,002 2, 303 6,263 9,113 3, 194 31,459 16, 674 14, 450 10, 904 7,832 7, 620 3, 634 5, 364 20, 653 21, 520 14, 389 6, 093 13, 453 3,233 Boys - 1 - 2S :3§Ssl sills iSssa Sllgg ISIIs OHidaV -4 co- co- iooc-f-4-4 oo>oc4,-4 Schools CO sssss Hill I|ss| sssss |g|s I I 1 O Total U5 giSSS SII1I slssl 1S838 §SIg «o" conco ioco‘coofr4 c4"o4 ofco'oo'of Girls 8,314 491 2, 036 17, 497 1,594 50, 293 15, 910 3,718 33, 087 11,516 5, 751 43, 829 2, 453 6, 507 4, 247 7, 962 25,840 3, 791 1,368 10, 181 10,118 7, 195 15, 462 1, 512 Boys CO 131333 IIIII SSsIS IISSI IsSI t4 ^coi-f iooofofar *o4ofT4co cd-4c0i-4t4 of coco -4 1 Schools rTf' 1SSS2 SgSfg ggsss SSKSg |SSS 4 r4 State or outlying part - Nebraska _ _ Nevada _ New Hampshire, _ . . _ _ _ New Jersey _ New Mexico _ _ _ _ New York _ North Carolina.. . . _ North Dakota . Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania _ __ _ Rhode Island . . South Carolina . South Dakota. .. Texas Utah Vermont _ _ _ Virginia Washington . _ West Virginia _ . ... _ Wisconsin... . . . .. W yoming PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 75 ©00 i-H (N © © © © © W SO 00 u- r- u- © — < cm © co 1-H " © CO CM t^© 1-HOO OCO*tr*ia*CO* CO*rH* of rH «S* -**eO* <£?O0 Tf<* CO* ofl>*CO* of^*^“rH*00* OCOWMH 0>*-*rH*C0*0>* Girls 190, 750 2882! S1S8S 83218 ilsil S2SSS TK* CO* -** of rH* rtVH CO*rH*ofrH*«5 lO*^* OrH*^* Boys CO 1 3 Ills! SlSll 33388 SIS3S 88888 CO* OfnjTrf rH* HH*CO*rH* ONNufcO CfHHH«5 TjTcO*«0*rH r)T II* ct 16, 181 s-lil ssssgg ISill SSHof §Iie§ State or outlying part - Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas _ .. .. California _ Colorado _ Connecticut _ _ Delaware _ Florida _ Georgia. _ Idaho Illinois _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine _ Maryland. . Massachusetts... .... Michigan Minnesota _ _ Mississippi Missouri _ Montana. _. .. . _ . . .. Nebraska. _ PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 79 sills sills §sIsl Hill Isl rjc* NHCONrt CO" rH*rH*of Tt<* HH HN 59 124 30 1,893 6 ?SII§ lilsl l-lis ISali §!§ of rH* HH T»0*©*rH*M<* 00 «5 U3 tH © Of rH of CO 05 rH* 1 I §II1S 216 707 1, 455 826 7,701 10, 368 2, 865 10, 749 6, 054 2, 318 9, 744 329 3, 372 3, 122 3, 978 11, 418 1, 382 753 5, 729 3, 422 3,762 5, 239 859 78 111 107 2, 752 15 SSSsi 1SS1S list! 1S11S 111 rH* CO* CO* of of CO* Of 00* of of CO* ofrH* CO*CO* CO* t*T 62 133 127 5, 128 15 ssssg gagsa g°gg§ §ss|g |sk rH* COCCcOgrH Nevada _ _ .. New Hampshire- . . - New Jersey . . New Mexico _ New York _ North Carolina _ _ _ North Dakota _ _ _ Ohio _ _ - Oklahoma.. . . .. - Oregon _ _ . _ _ — Pennsylvania.. _ _ _ _ Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ South Dakota _ _ _ - . Tennessee _ _ . ----- Texas _ Utah _ Vermont. _ _ _ . __ . Virginia _ Washington _ ... .. - ... - West Virginia _ Wisconsin _ Wyoming. _ _ _ Outlying parts of the United States Alaska Canal Zone _ Hawaii _ Philippine Islands Puerto Rico _ Table 45. — Administrative , supervisory , and teaching staff of all day high schools , 1937-38 80 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-38 'S o Total C© 301, 937 4.691 957 3, 383 17, 937 3,153 3,846 712 1,422 4, 473 4, 594 1, 533 15, 099 9.691 7,910 6,352 5, 124 3, 683 1, 694 3, 043 11, 302 11,921 7, 691 3,985 7, 420 1, 545 3, 984 296 1, 128 9, 452 1,072 Women © 172,447 2,864 474 1,966 10, 631 1, 715 2,490 442 1,012 3, 029 2,706 718 8, 653 4, 975 4, 557 3, 443 2,744 2, 159 962 1,950 6, 919 6,540 4, 589 2, 261 3,995 837 2, 166 148 653 5, 546 563 Men 129,490 1, 827 483 1,417 7, 306 1, 438 1, 356 270 410 1,444 1, 888 815 6, 446 4, 716 3, 353 2,909 2.380 1, 524 732 1,093 4,383 5.381 3, 102 1, 724 3,425 708 1, 818 148 475 3,906 509 Other Women eo or eo CO HHNOOOO ©COCO©© WOCCDH "*©© H a> O3CO03©"* (NHCSCOCO © rH T— < CO r-t © © © MH WCSCO © © 03 CO HN r-i 03 i— I H r-t Men w 936 CCHTf©^ OHOHOO ’h«DOO 03 CO © 03 © |H05^ WH © rH © rH rH rH (NhC^H rH © CO 03 CO i © © i CO 1 Library Women a CO ©co"*t^oo cooornoc^i ©oocor^co t^co©"*© "* © o> oo © © © t>- © © © 03 CO © CO lOrHrHCftO rH©©©*^ © U- CO© © CO © © r-t © rH Men 2 — h CO 1 GO 03 rH ! 03 © h©>OCON ©CO ! 03 00 GO CO rH 03 © II II 1 13 1 Counseling and guidance Women 1,496 •rf CO CO "* © 00 03 001^© COrH©©03 ©rH0303nf< ©©03t>-"* 00 1-. CO ^ - © rH 1-1 i r-t GO 03 IH 3 46 1 Teaching Women 160,273 2,744 432 1,893 9, 755 1,608 2,328 403 964 2,845 2,537 691 8,093 4, 688 4, 331 3, 275 2, 555 2,032 926 1,825 6,554 6, 024 4, 290 2, 158 3, 771 800 2,051 138 620 5,027 525 Men CO o 1,497 419 1, 185 6, 480 1,265 1, 180 231 364 1, 193 1,585 727 5,801 4, 025 2, 949 2, 601 2,072 1,286 637 959 3,778 4, 653 2,710 1, 447 2,964 610 1,597 131 404 3, 487 456 Supervisory Women © 1, 388 C"3 © rH © "* CO © 00 1 © "* 03 Tt< C^t^TfrH^ 00Nr4(NCO 00 00 rH |^t^03rH rH rH © *8 i Men - 1, 980 t^COt^©© 00"*©©© N©rf HH CONIOHH CO T* t>. 03 03 CO © "* HOOH rH rH rH © "* CO rH rH CO © "* rH 03 Administrative Women eo 1,208 © ! rH © b- rH © © rH © 03 © 00 03 © (N (N H N H ©03©©© N N H CO 00 rH i rH © rH 03 H (N H CO (N N W H 03 CO © © 03 03 ©rH Men 13, 087 © 03 © 03 © rH © © © 00t>O3©"* rH 03 03 03 © CO 00 03 00 00 © 00 © C©HNCO CO CO C3 03 L- © 00 03 © l"- 03 00 r- © © -h CO © 00 t^rH©©*^ CO 03 © rH rH 03 03 © © CO 03 03 03 rH CO © CO 03 CO rH 03 State or outlying part - Continental United States _ Alabama _ Arizona _ _ Arkansas _ _ California _ _ _ _ Colorado _ _ _ _ Connecticut _ Delaware _ District of Columbia _ _ _ Florida _ Georgia _ . _ Idaho _ _ _ Illinois _ _ Indiana .. _ _ Iowa _ _ .. _ _ __ Kansas _ _ Kentucky _ _ Louisiana.. _ _ . Maine _ _ _ _ Maryland _ _ _ Massachusetts . . _ Michigan _ _ ... Minnesota _ _ Mississippi . . . ... Missouri . . . Montana _ .. ... ... Nebraska _ Nevada _ . _ New Hampshire _ New Jersey. . New Mexico... PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 81 Ills! SliSS !§§!! ISIS Igs gOr-ToOCO 0510^00 © IOC4H CO 00 JO 0} rH ! G o co ! | Library 1 1 s N Sg^SSSS gg&Sg01 Men ® CO ! CO 00 HH ! - | ko ! i i i i i iii i ii, • iii ! co ! j | • ' Counseling and guidance Women CT5 GO 05 05 CCH^J HHfCCO i CO JO 05 ^ 2 H®2 g?^00'" N r i i • Men GO CO r* ^22 ^ c'’*'"*®*0 10 • i ^ 05 05 00 ' CO t-H |C CD rH i | ' ' 1 ' ' l < > l i l l > > 1 i i i OOH Teaching W omen 90, 941 ISIsS HrII slilS Islll Sill! gssgf 4 t c 2 ! 20 i 22 ! 42 ] L 4 l 6 » ic 1 Hawaii _ _ . < ) 71 L 181 L 255 > 1C ) 73 t 165 i 238 i a ! 57 133 190 Vircrin ] [ ; l J \ ’ > ] L f 5 a t 8 ; _ v iigiu loiauuo - PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 85 Table 48. — Teachers in reorganized high schools for Negro pupils only, classified accord¬ ing to type of school , 1937—38 In junior high schools In junior-senior high schools In senior high schools State Schools reporting Men Women Total Schools reporting Men Women Total Schools reporting Men Women Total . 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Continental U. S . . __ 98 362 648 1,010 311 1, 035 1, 464 2, 499 16 154 174 328 Alabama. ... ... 11 11 22 33 62 131 212 343 2 6 5 11 Arkansas. . . 20 28 25 53 32 78 129 207 Delaware . _ 3 5 5 10 3 17 22 39 District of Columbia . 6 56 162 218 Florida _ 14 22 30 52 46 158 251 409 1 4 5 9 Georgia _ 1 16 13 29 12 78 96 174 Illinois _ _ 1 2 2 4 3 17 25 42 1 2 6 8 Indiana _ 2 9 15 24 1 32 32 64 Kansas 1 9 18 27 1 12 9 21 Kentucky _ . .. 3 28 50 78 31 67 76 143 1 20 18 38 Louisiana . . _ 5 14 10 24 Maryland _ 3 39 71 110 1 25 49 74 Mississippi... ... _ 2 2 7 9 20 39 63 102 1 3 7 10 Missouri _ . .. 2 3 1 4 5 17 18 35 1 18 10 28 New Jersey 1 7 11 18 North Carolina. _ 3 20 44 64 Ohio.. _ _ 4 26 43 69 2 23 31 54 Oklahoma _ _ 1 11 10 21 15 61 62 123 1 12 8 20 Pennsylvania . . 2 10 15 25 South Carolina 9 46 59 105 Tennessee _ 8 33 82 115 4 14 21 35 2 14 35 49 Texas.. . .... 6 20 40 60 18 104 158 262 2 20 27 47 Virginia _ _ 1 1 1 2 16 35 46 81 West Virginia. _ ... 6 24 25 49 24 91 92 183 2 11 12 23 86 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 49. — Teachers in regular and reorganized high schools for white pupils or white and Negro pupils , 1937—38 Regular high schools Reorganized high schools State or outlying part 1 Continental United States. __ Alabama _ Arizona _ Arkansas _ California _ Colorado _ Connecticut _ Delaware _ District of Columbia _ Florida _ Georgia _ Idaho _ Illinois _ Indiana _ Iowa _ Kansas _ Kentucky _ Louisiana _ Maine _ Maryland _ Massachusetts.. _ Michigan _ Minnesota _ Mississippi _ Missouri _ Montana _ Nebraska _ Nevada _ New Hampshire _ New Jersey _ New Mexico _ New York _ North Carolina _ North Dakota _ Ohio _ Oklahoma _ Oregon _ Pennsylvania _ Rhode Island _ South Carolina _ South Dakota _ Tennessee _ Texas _ Utah _ Vermont _ Virginia _ Washington _ West Virginia _ Wisconsin: _ Wyoming _ Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ Canal Zone _ Guam _ Hawaii _ Schools Teachers Schools Teachers report- mg Men Women Total ing Men Women Total 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13, 923 53, 297 66, 742 120, 039 9, 109 55, 230 88, 655 143, 885 18 184 373 557 385 1,120 2, 051 3, 171 42 284 256 540 22 133 171 304 126 220 284 504 365 843 1,440 2,283 294 2, 792 3,312 6, 104 248 3,688 6, 443 10, 131 185 446 419 865 128 819 1, 189 2, 008 62 677 1, 079 1, 756 72 503 1, 249 1, 752 2 20 45 65 32 189 331 520 2 32 123 155 16 209 593 802 28 74 203 277 276 918 2, 341 3, 259 483 943 1, 625 2,568 45 356 600 956 160 498 410 908 28 229 281 510 915 4,892 6, 523 11,415 101 826 1, 366 2. 192 280 1, 406 1, 636 3, 042 573 2,556 2, 976 5, 532 583 1,288 1, 511 2, 799 408 1,661 2, 820 4, 481 515 1, 360 1, 477 2,837 209 1, 220 1, 771 2, 991 238 527 545 1,072 396 1, 368 1,807 3, 175 353 1,040 1,693 2,733 46 94 151 245 163 401 540 941 57 236 386 622 123 542 764 1,306 49 293 871 1, 164 128 1, 391 1,685 3, 076 294 2,387 4,869 7, 256 221 786 849 1,635 541 3,867 5, 175 9,042 141 558 730 1,288 414 2,152 3,560 5,712 335 737 961 1,698 225 557 991 1, 548 699 1,763 2,018 3.781 193 1, 028 1,646 2,674 127 365 494 859 73 245 306 551 487 1,085 1, 180 2,265 130 512 871 1, 383 30 86 78 164 8 45 60 105 44 137 195 332 63 267 425 692 132 2, 100 2,801 4, 901 117 1,380 2, 215 3, 595 115 275 285 560 37 181 240 421 476 6, 014 8, 612 14, 626 541 4, 689 9, 286 13, 975 701 1,709 2, 548 4,257 31 195 548 743 409 624 474 1,098 71 285 343 628 410 2, 206 2, 4,10 4,616 842 5. 301 6, 385 11, 686 598 1, 458 1, 336 2,794 180 1, 122 1,812 2, 934 231 684 876 1,560 66 364 605 969 630 3, 674 3, 832 7, 506 622 5, 976 7, 742 13, 718 8 76 110 186 39 449 976 1, 425 248 663 1, 134 1,797 77 254 519 773 305 737 616 1, 353 44 206 265 471 434 1,079 1, 381 2, 460 58 340 814 1,154 . 1, 159 3, 034 3, 862 6, 896 231 1,539 3, 366 4, 905 17 128 60 188 128 957 714 1,671 43 93 127 220 51 139 256 395 457 934 1, 653 2, 587 56 290 906 1, 196 248 1,077 1,267 2,344 102 749 1, 083 1,832 76 394 482 876 248 1, 163 1, 792 2, 955 391 1,646 1,713 3, 359 118 1, 126 1, 829 2, 955 51 158 155 313 53 204 219 423 16 30 36 66 3 9 10 19 3 22 26 48 1 4 6 10 3 30 39 69 19 201 479 680 104 994 594 1, 588 23 140 278 418 1 7 6 13 Philippine Islands. Puerto Rico _ Virgin Islands _ PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 87 Table 50. — Teachers in regular and reorganized high schools for Negro pupils only , 1937-38 Regular high schools Reorganized high schools State or outlying part Schools report¬ ing Teachers Schools report¬ ing Teachers Men Women Total Men Women Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental United States _ . 1,133 2,362 2,590 4,952 425 1,551 2,286 3, 837 Alabama- - _ 5 45 81 126 75 148 239 387 Arizona . _ _ _ 1 2 5 7 Arkansas. . . 11 16 15 31 52 106 154 260 Delaware _ . _ 6 22 27 49 District of Columbia _ _ 3 67 86 153 6 56 162 218 Florida.. . _ _ 9 17 15 32 61 184 286 470 Georgia. . . ... 135 192 203 395 13 94 109 203 Illinois _ _ . __ 10 62 171 233 5 21 33 54 Indiana .... ... 8 22 29 51 3 41 47 88 Kansas. _ ... .. 2 21 27 48 Kentucky ... ..... ...... 44 62 59 121 35 115 144 259 Louisiana . ... . _ _ 58 138 178 316 5 14 10 24 Maryland.. .. ... . ... _ 29 60 70 130 4 64 120 184 Mississippi . ... _ 77 109 129 238 23 44 77 121 Missouri _ _ . . _ 41 135 78 213 8 38 29 67 New Jersey 1 7 11 18 North Carolina... .. . _ . ... 197 438 512 950 3 20 44 64 Ohio 6 49 74 123 Oklahoma _ .... _ . ... 56 117 89 206 17 84 80 164 Pennsylvania.. ... .. _ _ 2 10 15 25 South Carolina .... ... 60 125 126 251 9 46 59 105 Tennessee _ _ .. . 60 139 144 283 14 61 138 199 Texas . .. _ 244 381 341 722 26 144 225 369 Virginia _ .. 81 224 245 469 17 36 47 83 West Virginia _ . . 4 11 14 25 32 126 129 255 88 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 51. — Value of property, equipment, and capital outlay in separately housed high schools and number of volumes in high schools reporting libraries, 1937—38 State or outlying part Grounds and buildings Scientific appara¬ tus, furniture, and equipment Expenditures for sites, buildings, and improve¬ ments Libraries Schools report¬ ing Value Schools report¬ ing Value Schools report¬ ing Amount Schools report¬ ing Volumes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continental U. S___ 7,352 $1, 931, 293, 401 7,058 $195, 451, 804 3,017 $88,882,415 17,674 32, 805, 428 Alabama _ 183 17, 056, 176 178 1, 303, 488 62 518, 816 401 420, 055 Arizona _ - 39 5, 233, 492 39 859, 348 21 390. 045 54 127, 562 Arkansas _ 67 7, 995, 027 79 887, 874 36 302, 406 420 368, 976 California _ _ _ - 423 163, 910, 504 413 21, 659, 131 252 13, 090, 414 445 1, 838, 194 Colorado _ . 108 19, 754, 973 106 2, 048, 644 51 1, 079, 933 210 332, 619 Connecticut . . 88 40, 879, 500 81 3, 294, 556 20 258, 659 113 230, 238 Delaware _ 9 4, 685, 079 9 387, 988 3 12, 364 35 88, 893 District of Columbia. 26 22, 044, 993 26 2, 753, 517 13 344, 509 23 58, 66o Florida _ 109 23, 316, 316 110 1, 667, 098 51 425, 290 304 493, 776 Georgia. _ 101 12, 735, 842 97 1, 445, 679 53 1, 552, 265 492 613, 733 Idaho - - - 71 7, 146, 098 71 758, 258 48 501, 339 134 161, 870 Illinois.. _ _ ... 499 146, 357, 371 495 16, 337, 382 192 4,023,605 793 1, 576, 680 Indiana ... . . .. 145 38, 801, 910 145 3, 650, 107 338 1, 287, 756 215 2, 560, 271 Iowa _ .. . 141 33, 517, 585 128 2, 406, 836 57 476, 377 556 670, 554 Kansas. ... .. . 357 42, 247, 212 336 3, 623, 378 130 2, 482, 578 533 778, 428 Kentucky... .... . 116 16, 600, 082 113 1, 037, 404 48 1, 360, 685 522 591, 055 Louisiana ... 95 14, 007, 821 95 1, 361, 699 30 727, 748 362 349, 991 Maine _ _ 84 9, 037, 446 86 641, 447 29 465, 032 167 119, 195 Maryland _ 60 17, 622, 326 59 2, 734, 589 21 2, 299, 746 164 226, 477 Massachusetts.. 239 99, 570, 149 119 8, 898, 200 45 2, 805, 133 278 389, 670 Michigan... _ 165 83, 019, 372 161 8,984, 195 48 1, 192, 897 581 1, 334, 804 Minnesota _ . . 97 38, 272, 386 98 5, 073, 809 38 1, 419, 759 175 1, 086. 341 Mississippi _ Missouri _ _ _ 139 7, 886, 108 91 754, 265 53 788, 442 556 503, 756 164 39, 687, 213 163 3,902, 300 78 1, 375, 293 510 943, 083 Montana.. . 44 8, 107, 500 44 885, 386 16 599,950 134 213, 416 Nebraska _ ... . 135 20, 963, 990 134 1, 984, 940 61 587, 455 432 426, 444 Nevada _ . - 20 2, 481, 000 20 233, 220 8 116, 735 32 43, 985 New Hampshire _ 44 8, 812, 468 43 995, 477 16 785, 486 78 54, 073 New Jersey _ 150 80, 980, 457 148 7, 401, 403 49 5, 458, 557 222 664, 217 New Mexico.. . . 51 4, 365, 781 52 528, 681 18 333, 695 111 166, 341 New York _ _ _ 289 249, 795, 180 287 23, 977, 859 78 6, 300, 564 837 2, 599, 845 North Carolina _ .. 140 19, 117, 459 165 980, 716 39 545, 466 713 814, 286 North Dakota _ 30 3, 071, 050 30 641, 120 11 24, 050 236 217, 284 Ohio _ .. . 386 122, 263, 251 345 10, 874, 832 100 7,425, 414 1,014 1, 771,317 Oklahoma _ _ 164 19, 156, 195 171 2, 538, 677 47 1,934, 973 531 724, 403 Oregon. _ ... 136 17, 199, 219 133 2, 159, 666 56 1, 643, 322 225 323, 563 Pennsylvania _ 546 196, 884, 371 520 18,001,173 203 10, 082, 177 1,052 2, 141, 302 Rhode Island.. _ 32 18, 370, 885 31 1, 348, 625 3 537, 295 37 80, 626 South Carolina _ _ 119 10, 747, 848 97 691, 870 37 390, 543 335 324, 259 South Dakota _ 42 7, 165, 991 42 731, 361 23 152, 598 298 368, 884 Tennessee. ... _ _ 169 19, 258, 997 170 1,912,792 103 950,129 511 663, 466 Texas _ ... .. . 597 75. 664, 453 593 9, 131, 051 124 4, 951, 451 1,067 1, 882, 684 Utah _ 61 13, 463, 854 60 1, 480, 117 17 347, 500 83 133, 703 Vermont. .. . _ 22 2, 853, 800 22 338, 500 6 57, 765 60 33, 177 Virginia. _ _ 101 15, 372, 217 106 1, 068, 113 32 520, 815 545 885, 164 Washington _ .. 181 30, 679, 529 180 3, 593, 857 91 1, 257, 618 289 622, 404 West Virginia 183 22, 396, 190 183 1,764, 642 70 468, 070 317 609, 945 Wisconsin. .... 154 46, 258, 816 154 5, 326, 574 77 3, 528,908 399 1, 086, 891 Wyoming _ 31 4, 477, 919 30 389, 960 15 700,788 73 88, 868 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska. 2 300,000 2 20, 716 12 1 18 98 23 2 11, 881 9, 755 192, 493 603, 990 56, 227 935 Canal Zone Hawaii _ Philippine Islands _ Puerto Rico _ Virgin Islands.. _ 12 80 17 2 3, 107, 218 5, 550, 918 1, 576, 232 34,000 13 83 18 2 660, 181 870, 177 209, 775 1,115 9 48 10 1 993, 338 164, 167 14, 294 281 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 89 Table 52. — Number of schools , pupils, and teachers in high schools having an enrollment of fewer than 10 white or white and Negro pupils, 1937-38 State Number of schools Enrollment Sex of pupils Teachers Ninth grade Tenth grade Eleventh grade Twelfth grade _C8 •8 c. CO Total Boys 5 Men Women * 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Continental United States 373 1,259 880 97 38 4 2,278 1, 052 1,226 233 140 2 10 10 6 4 1 1 4 17 5 3 4 29 15 14 4 California _ ... 5 12 12 10 34 16 18 4 1 Colorado _ .... 6 16 17 6 5 44 22 22 6 Florida. 6 28 1 1 2 32 13 19 4 2 1 6 3 9 3 6 1 Idaho _ 4 11 14 25 12 13 4 Illinois _ 12 44 45 4 93 43 50 10 2 Iowa _ 11 38 26 5 23 46 10 1 Kansas _ _ _ .. 7 22 19 4 45 19 26 4 3 Kentucky. 2 9 4 13 4 9 2 Maine 7 20 26 1 47 21 26 5 2 Michigan. 22 74 46 120 64 56 18 4 Minnesota _ 1 2 2 1 1 1 Mississippi- . 1 6 6 2 4 1 Missouri . _ 27 125 86 2 1 214 92 122 23 4 Montana _ 3 9 7 2 18 6 12 2 1 Nebraska _ ... .. 137 406 357 15 6 1 785 363 422 45 92 Nevada _ ... 5 9 10 5 3 27 16 11 4 1 New Mexico . _ 2 7 4 1 12 5 7 2 New York. ... . . 7 38 9 47 21 26 7 North Dakota. 40 122 83 20 1 226 106 120 34 6 Ohio. ... . 1 8 8 5 3 1 Oregon. _ . 4 10 3 5 4 22 11 11 3 1 Pennsylvania . .. 1 2 4 6 4 2 1 South Dakota . _ 24 81 51 20 1 153 67 86 12 12 Texas ..... _ ... 19 83 24 2 109 54 55 17 2 Vermont _ _ . .. ... _ 1 7 7 5 2 1 Virginia _ ..... _ _ ... 2 7 7 14 5 9 2 West Virginia . _ _ 1 4 4 2 2 1 Wyoming _ ..... . _ .. 8 26 17 2 2 1 48 26 22 5 3 Outlying parts of the United States Alaska _ _ . . 1 2 2 2 2 8 4 4 1 Philippine Islands.. . 3 20 4 24 14 10 1 2 90 BIENNIAL SURVEY OF EDUCATION, 19 3 6-3 8 Table 53. — Number of schools, pupils, and teachers in high schools for Negroes only having an enrollment of fewer than 10 pupils, 1937-38 State Number of schools Enrollment Sex of pupils Teachers Ninth grade Tenth grade Eleventh grade Twelfth grade | Special Total Boys Girls Men Women 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Continental United States. 94 378 174 36 4 1 593 247 346 83 11 Alabama 7 40 3 43 18 25 6 1 Arkansas 2 6 6 2 4 2 Florida ... 5 23 1 24 9 15 5 Georgia 10 34 31 65 23 42 10 Louisiana 2 12 12 5 7 2 Michigan __ . _ 1 4 5 9 5 4 1 Mississippi - 8 37 17 54 20 34 7 1 Missouri _ .. 12 49 26 4 2 1 82 37 45 9 3 North Carolina... _ . _ 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 Oklahoma . 1 1 2 1 4 2 2 1 Texas _ _ . _ 45 170 91 29 1 291 124 167 40 5 Table 54. — Pupils enrolled in public evening high schools, 1937-38 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 91 Instruc¬ tional statt uaniOAV S3 I wf 1, 166 16 27 289 9 38 54 421 82 U8J/\[ £ 1 «T Negro pupils SPIO s <*r 733 6 1,311 1, 137 ^IS •O sAog g 2 CO •o 8*31 . CO White pupils TO 2 138, 987 11 8f Si CO j-gfrf sAog 1 * 1 2 Si 10, 823 316 1,032 3, 089 34,611 4, 052 Total ojSo^q ajBJBdog r» 1,766 1 oj30^[ puB ojiqM jo 0}iqAV CO 1 1 88 :Si Isis g- IS ^-'S5-' Special and ungraded of high- school grade ojSon; OJBJBdOg 2 I I ojSojsj puB 8}iqAi jo 9JiqA\ 3 2 128, 172 444 10, 778 632 763 IS Post¬ graduate ojSon; aiBJBdag 2 oj3o\[ puB 9}tqAV jo oqqAV 2 12, 955 | 7,096 8 1,542 2,277 1, 161 Twelfth grade ojSojq ojBJBdog 2 1 § ojSa^q puB oqqM. jo oqqAV o 31,005 14, 303 629 1 (M* gSSS Eleventh grade ojSa^q ajBJBdag CD s s OJ30JsJ puB ©^iqA jo aqqAV GO 1 12, 732 96 2,648 sill 2 Tenth grade ojSosj ojBJBdog r- g 3 OJ30N pnB oqq.w jo omq \\ CO 30, 308 11, 071 87 1