CONTENTS 


lotroductfoD 

'Aim and method i 

Date of enactment o{ compulsory attendance l^-s, ages affected, and 
attendance required 

Num^ber of years regular scliool attemiaiicc acquired 

Minimum Annual ^hool term ' 

Summary of age.s affected and amount of attendance req»ire{J 

Coqsecuttte attendance....... 

Part-time education « • 

Exemptions.* * 

Minimum aifiount of plication necess^y for lalmr permits ... 

Exemption of dependent cliU'dren 

Educational relief of dependent or ndglected children........ ^ 

Compujsory edtlcation for handicajiped chil^en 

Methods of enforcement •. ^ 

Truancy defined’. T 

Attendance officers ’• _ 

Salary of atteivdance officers . 

When attendance officers must act ' 

• Power attendance officers ‘ .'... ^ * 

Penalties for nonenforcement * , 

Enforcement pibvislons of compulsory education laws. . 

Part I. Schdol census; truancy defined; when aiutby whom reported; 

selection of attendance officers : 

Part II. Powers and dutiei^of at^ndt^ce officers; penalties ..... 

School attendance and education as alfected by compulsory laws...!'!”- 

Roll call of the States on certain features of compulspry education 
laws 

School jfmpulation, enrollment, attendance, and illiteracy In the vari- 
ous States ; . 

Summary. 




Compulsory education provisions by States. 

Alabama... 

Arizona * *, 

ArkanRaa 

California 

Colorado 

Connecticut*.. 

Delaware 

District of Columbia 

Florida ^ 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana .T 

Iowa.'. 


Kansas* 




PS|« 

1 

3 

4 

.6 

^0 

7 

• 8 

8 
10 
10 
11 
12 

13 

14 
'15 

16 

17 

18 
18 
ISl 
20 

20 

33 
28 

. 3b 

32 

34 
36 - 
36 

36 

37 

37 

38 

39 

40 

40 

41 

42 • 

43 

44 
44 * 

> 45 * 

46 


ui 


ERIC 








IV 


00NTBNT8 




CotnpulMfy education provisions by States — Continued 

Kentucky, i /. 

Louisiana. .... 

Maine i. 

Maryland i... 

Massachusetts 

Micliigan ^ 

Minnesota... 

Mississippi - 

Missouri 

Montana 

s 

Nebraska 

Nevada '. . 1 . 

New Hampshire *. 

New Jersey.. r... 

New Mexico 



^ r 

New York 


North Carolina 
North Dakota. 

Oliio 

Oklahoma 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 
Ahode Island.. 

South Catolina 
South Dakota. 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Uthh 

\Vermont..; 66 

Virginia 66 

Wasliington ; 67 

West Virginia .’ 68 

Wisconsin ^ 69 

Wyoming '. 70 


i I ..<t 




1 


Pw 

46 

47 

47 

48 

49 

50 

50 

51 

53 

52 

53 

54 

54 

55 

55 

56 

57 

58 

64 

59 

60 
61 
62 
62 ^ 
63' 

63 

64 

65 


ERIC 


iita 


UH'S RELATING TO COMPULSORY EDUCATION 

, In Fora July 1928 


INTRODUCTION 

In this country it is not enough to have free public education. 
Education ip not only free and public, bu^ it is compulsoiy in all 
continental United States ‘apd in its principal outlying parts. It 
would be difficult to say when and .where the idea of compulsory educa- 
tion originated. The notion of making education compulsory existed 
in GeTniany;how.ever, at the time of the Reformation. The Reforma- 
tion stood among other things for universal edu6ation supported and 
controll^ by the State. Jt century before the Pilgrim Fathers landed 
in America, Luther propounded to the Elector of Saxony the proposi- 
tion that, "Government, as the natural guardian of all the young, 
hw the right to compel the people to suppi^-t schools." • Before the 
Wgrims left the Mayflower they passed the following resolution: 
“We have come Co this new world that we may educate pur children." • 
The history of education in New England bears witness to the result. 
These early settlors gave the primed, rudimentary conception of 
compulsoiy education in- America. Under the Colony chUrter of 
M^sachu'setts Bay, among the first legislative acts, are recorded the 
following characteristic preamble and law: 

For as much as the good education of children is of singular behoof and benefit 
to My commonwealth, and whereas many parents and masters are too mdulaent 
•nd negligent in. that kind; * 

It is ordered, that the ^ectmen -of .every tokm in the several, prc/ncta and 
quarters where they dwell shall have a vigilant eye over'jlhelr brethren and • 
oeighbours, to see: , ’ ' • . 

First, that none of them shall suffer so pouch barbarisno in any of their families 
•8 not to endeavour to teach, hy themselves or others, the4 Children and appren- 
tices. 80 much learning as may enable them perfectly to read the English tongue 
tod knowledge of the capital laws.* 

This law is illustrative of the earliest legislative provisions relating 
to the subject. ^ 

In^/W42 the General Court of Massachusetts Colony ordered ^at 
the choAn administrative officers of every town should be charged 
with the duty and p ower to take account of parents and their children, 

I Adsm, rnmab, FT** aolMoi lyiUm or Um United Statae, p. 45; insun. 1S73; p. II 

'Teylor. /. 0.. see Prooeedinis or s meetlni at tbe Capitol of the United Stsus, 1858. p. 71. 

'Cattar, Jamsa a., rrea aatuola of Nav Bnilaikd; Ooioajr sh. n, aa L 

. . • . . , .tl , 


2 - 


LAWS RELATING TO COMPULfiORT EDUCATION 


“Concerning their calling and employment of their children, especially 
of their abiltlj to read and upderstand the principles of religion and 
the capital laws olotheir country." The order imposed fines upon any 
refusing to render such accounts os shall be required by the adminis- 
trative officers, ‘ This law was suppleitlentqd by further order of the 
court in 1647, which required every town with 50 families to provide 
a schoolmaster to teach all children who "shall resorto to him, to 
write and read"; and which furthermore required every town of 100 
families to “sett up a granunar schoolc.’’ These orders sprang from 
the conviction* that all childi*.n should bo educated, and that the 
parent, community, and State should be jointly charged with itua 
responsibility; They embodied the principles upon which piodoin 
compulsory education rests and became the basiMof tlv^ piiblic-sc^bool 
system orMassachusotts and the •prototype of similar ^tate sy'stomi 
throughout the Uuit^ States. 

Great educationql and social problems had been ihaugurated by the 
Boston fathers upbri which subse<tuent genei'ations h&vo had to work„ 
The idea that it was t|)o duty of the State to oompel all children to 
acquire a minimum of education was of slow grew Ih, and little or no 
progress therein was made for the next 200 years; and jt is 
only in comparatively recent times that all Stales have^adqptod 
laws embodying this prinvdpal. ^ ideal had been e.xproitsed, but 
many obstacles interfered wftli its development. Compulsory ecfuca-' 
tion was objeefed to by many as monarchial in its origin and history/ 
and the diificultics which were, attached to colonial and pioneer life 
were unfavorable for its development. Furthermore, free public^ 
schools had not yet been established/ However, the years between 
1836 and 1860 wore accompanied by groat ind,ustrial development, 
territorial- expansion, andean educational awakening. By this time 
free public* schools had been generally established. Under these 
fertile conditions, the compulsory education plant showed nowuo<i 
of life. Horace Mann 'gave special attention in his reports to the 
evils of ooneducation and truancy, and by 1850 public opinion in 
Massachu^tis had- been sufficiently aroused to pass a truancy law. 
This was followed in 1852 by a compulsory school attendance act. 
Compulsory- educ-ation had then taken root and form. The problems 
of forPiulating effective compulsory cducatihnal lavifs have confronted 
legislators and school officials since that time to the pre^nt day. 
The success which has crowmecT the efforts in this direction has bsaa 
truly remarkable. 

Our profound faith in education is the best explanation of this 
advance. Th*e conviction of the American people is that “the cul* 
tiyated mind is the guardian* genius of democracy." ^Intelligence, " 
said Daniel Webster, "has roared the majestic coluiftns df our nations! . 
S^oiy, and this alone con prevent them from crumbling into osbea.” 


ERIC 


LAWB BaLATINO TO OOMFULBOBT 1DUQA.TION 


3 


The b«nefitB offoompulsory edacatioD are toa'olear to admit of 
Aig^ment. ^ ' / * 

The working out of the principle of democracy has been an im- 
{felling force throughout the history of odV country. Here ounstateo- 
»nea and educators have joined, liberty and learning in a perpetual alli- 
ance. They have made democracy and educatitfn coextensive by 
making both universal. Through enlightened public opinion, and 
well-principled moral sentiment, we hope for a security in democracy 
beyond the law, and above the law. Through the impcovemon\of 
our educational ideals and standards' and their universal applicati^ 
wo shall approach the bettor democracy which we cherish and to 
which we are dedloated. 

The pertinent quastion now before all progressive communities is, 
how can educational systems be made more effective? 

AIM AND METHOD \ 

The aim in this study is to present in a summary manner what 
appear to h® the most interesting legislative features of compulsory . 
eduration systems in the various StatM! When did the several 
Sillies first enact compulsory education laws? What are the various 
ages at which children are admitted’ and required to attend school? 
What e^atlonal requirements are neceasiO-y to exempt thern from 
attendant? How much eduration is requirf^d for labor pCrmita? 
What States require educational relief to depondent or neglected 
children? How much school attendaiice is reqi^ed in the various 
Stat<«7 What States provide for compulsory attendance at part- 
time, continuation, or evening seboofs? To what e.xtont do Statoa 
require the education of handicapped children? What constitutes 
the machineij for enforcing compulsory education in the' various 
Stat-M? The^ are but few of tho questions often asked by school 
.administrators, teachers, and others in the States; these are also 
among the many questions this study endeavbre to answer. It is 
not the aiqi here to discuss the relative merits of the various features 
of compulsory educatiba laws found in the different States; the 
aim is rather to present briefly and clearly what seam to be some 
interesting features of such laws as enacted by the States. The 
aim is to prewnt as many of these features as practical; and to 
do 80 , discussion of the same has been limited mainly to appropriate * 
a^lanatoiy notes and remarks. There may be nilds relative to 
school attendance adopted by various school boards or superintendents 
which are not shown hero, as attention has been given chiefly to 
legislative enactments. 

The method .foUowed in this attempt consisted in the preparation 
m this bureau of a summary of* various features of compulsory 
•duca^n laws in all the States. A digest of some of thasa features * 


/ 







- « 

L*, 

A' 



LAWS BBBAnNa TO COMPUIMBT BDVOAtION 




WM prepared for each State 4nd tranamkted to the respectare 
State departments of education for review, with a request for any 
ehanges that might be deemed necessar^in order that it might include 
recent and complete legislation on the subject. The responses from 
the State departments came promptly ^d aided considerably in 
the preparation and worth of this bulletin. * 

>For the purpose of this study, the District of Columbia is treated 
as a State. 

DATE OF ENACTMENL ACES AFFECTED, AND ATTENDANCE 

REQUIRED 

Dale of Enactment of First Compulsory Aila^anu Law In Each State 


MaMsohusette 

Dietriot of Colum- 
bia 

Vermont 

New Hampshire 

Mlohidan 

Waahin^p 

Conneoticuf.. 

Nevada 

New Yprk 

Kansas 

California 

Maine 

New Jersey 

Wyoming 

Ohio 

Wisconsin 


1852 

1864 

1867 

1871 

1871 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 
1874 

1874 

1875 

1875 

1876 

1877 
1879 


Rhode Island 1883 

Illinois...:., 1883 

North Dakota 1883 

south Dakota 1883 

Montana 1883 

Minnesota. ... 1885 

Nebraska 1887 

Idaho.. ...k... 1887 

Colorado... 1889 

Oregon ... 1889 

UUh 1890 

New Mexico 1891 

Pennsylvania 1895 

Kentucky 1896 

Weet Virginia 1897 

Indiana.' 1897 

Ariiona.., 1899 


Iowa 1902 

Maryland 1002 

Missouri .190S 

Tennessee 1905 

Delaware.. 1907 

North Carolina 1007 

Oklahoma 1907 

Vireinia 1906 

Araansas 1009 

Louisiana......... 1910 

Alabama 1916 

Florida 1915 

South Carolina 1915 

Texas' 1915 

Georgia 1016 

Mississippi.... 1918 


> Tb« TexM Uw of 1873. MUbllshJni i putllo School Sfitem. oonUlood ■ compulsory MHhool 
Dfovtiloii. ThU Uw wis fomawatt InaffaoUTa and unaatUlhotory al that tlma aad was sttparseM 


by oiber lafUlaUod In 1876 which omlttad tba oompalsory school ll^taodaooa proflMoo. 

% ^ 

Age limit* /or compuUory regular echool attendance ^ 


w 

As* 

Numbw.l 
ofBtstsi 1 


Kumhw 
of Statw 

7 .IA 

i 

ao 

6-16...; 

1 

_ 

10 1 

1 6-16 

1 

7-17 - 

4 

s-w.:::::::::...:.::... 

1 

1-14, 

4 

S-n 

. 1 

S-lS- 

1 

T-16 

t 


1 



7-16 - — - 

1 

Total 

# 


\ 




Age limits /or eompuleory part-time, continuation, or evening echool attendance 


Affs 

Kurob« 
of €.stas 

Af* 

Numbw 

ofStatil 

14-16 

18 

Undor 17 

I 

14-18 

t 


I 

16-91 (i^ Ulltsimtss).- 

8 



111.18 i 

8 

Total-- 

9 

UodwTll y 

• 

• • 



ERIC 


LAWS BBLATINO TO COICPUI^Br SDUCATlOlf & 

Af O0C for eowtpiUsory oehoot aUenJonco 

The average mioimum age for compulsory attendance is 7^6. 

^0 States make age of 6 the mi^tfm:,Now Mexico and Ohio. 
Twenty-eight Stales make age of J the minimum: 


Arkansas. 
Connecticut 
Delaware. 

District of Opium- 
bia. 

Florida. 

Dlinols 

lodiana. 


Miaaissippi. 
Miasouri. , 
Nebraska. 
Nevada. 

New Jeraej. < 
Now York. 
NoKh Carolina. 
North Dakota. 


Rhode Island. 

Tennceaee. 

Virginia 

Weat Virginia. 

Wisconsin. 

'Wyoming. 


Iowa. 

Kansaa 
Kentucky. 

Louisiana. 

Maine. 

Maryland. 

Masaachuaetta. 

Michigan. 

Eighteen States make age of 8 the minimum: 

Alabama. Idaho. Pennsylvania. 

AriMha. Mlnneaota. South Carolina. 

Ckllfomia. Montana. South Dakota. 

Colorado. , New Hampshire. Texaa 
Goorgla. Oklahoma. Utah. ^ 

One State makes age of 9 the minimum: Oregon. 

Off for compuUory rtgxdar $ehool atUndaneo 

The average maximum age for compulsory regular school attend^ 

l/«A to 1 A 

/ 


Vermont 
Virginia, • 
Waahlngten. 


iDce is 16. 

Five $tates require attendance until 18; 


Idaho. 

Nevada. 

Ohio. 

Oklahoma. 

r- 

Utah. 

Five States require attendance until 17: 


Delaware. 

Usine. 

Maryland. 

North Dakota. 

South Dakota. 

Thirty-one States require attendance until 16: 

- 

Alabama. 

Ariiona. 

Odlfornla. 

Colorado. 
CoonecUcuf. 
District of Colum- 
bia. ^ ' 

Fferida. ' 

DUnoia 

Indiana. 

Iowa. 

Kanoaa. 
Kentucky. 
Masaachuaetta. 
Michigan. 
Minnesota. ' 

MiaaissippL 
‘ Miiaouil 
.Montana. ' 
Nebraska. 

New Hampshire. 
New Jersey. 

New Mexico. 
New York. 

Pennsylvania. 
Rliode Island. 
Tennessee. 
Vermont. 

• Washington. ' 
Weat Virginia. 
Wisconsin. 
Wyopdng. 


— V ovvouuouw uuui in; AT* 

Virginia.* 

Five States require attendance until 14: 

Georgia. ^ North Carolina. South Carolina. 

toMlslana. 


Texaa. 



ERIC 




$ LAWB RSLATINO TO 0OICPUL8ORT EDUCATION 

Numbtr nf ymra r0futar tchool atUndane* rtquirtH 

The avenge number of years required ia SAs. One Sl*te requiiw. 
12 years: Ohio. 


Eight States require 10 years: 

•n It. 


Delaware. 

. Maine. * / 

New Mexico. 

Oklahoma 

Idaho. 

Maryland. 

Nortn Dakota. 

Utah. 

. ' Twei^ 

y-one States require 9 years: 


Conner (frei 

lit. Iowa. 

Missouri. > 

South Dakota. 

District of Colum- Kansas. 

Nebraska. 

Tern lessee. 

bis. 

t Kentucky. 

New Jersey. 

We.st Virginia. 

Florida. > 

MaBaachuiietts:. 

New\ork. , 

WisconKiii. 

niiitoia 

Michigan. 

Rhode Island. 

Wyoming. 

Indians. 

MiasiMippi. 

•• 


Twelve Statea require 8 yeara: 


> 

1 ♦ 

Alabama. 

Califoriilii. 

Montana. 

Vermont. 

Arixoua. 

w Colorado. 

New Hampshire. 

Virginia. 

Arkansas. 

^ Minnesola. 

Pennsylvania. 

Wn..hiiigtOB. 


Two States require 7 years: Louisiana and North Carolina. 

Four States require 6 years: 

OMrgla. OreRoo. South Carolina. Teima. 

J/tnimuni ragutrad altrndone$ 

The average minimum aiyfual school term required is 7.23 monlhi 
’• One State requires 38 w^s: Connecticut. w*' 

Eight States require Ojjmntha: 

Diairict of Colum* Montain/i New Hampshire. 


bia. 

Maryland. 


NeJ>raska.* New Jersey. 

Eighteen States require 8 months: 


Arisona. 

Cali/omla. 

Delaware. 

Iowa. 


Massachusetta. 

Missouri. 

Nevada. 

Ohio. » 
Oregon. 


Pennsylvania. 
South E>akota. 
Tennesseq, 
Vermont (8H 
tnontlu). 


Eleven Sutee require 7 months: 

Idaho. "’Louisiana. 

lUinhU. Maine (7>{ 

Keotuokj. foontha). 

Six Staiee require 6 months: 

Arkansas. 

Oolorado.- 


Michigsn. 
Minnesota. 
New Mexico. 


New York. 
Rhode Island. 


Washington. 
West Virginia. 
Wiscuniiin. 
Wyoming. ’ 


North Dakota. 
South Carolina.* 
Virginia. 


^Georgia: ' 
Indiana. 


North Carolina. Texas. 


tu., 


•> Fgar mooUis la third district. 

• Sis xbmUm la OlsUI^ wlUi Isas Ibsa IS pupils. 

. ' Bnspl ia say dUUtst whsie sebool tai a law Umb I oUlli sad aMothly sUsndsiios Is lass UuD IAS 
wMab SMa ■ nuatia Is isqaliad. 

1 I 

- I 


. I 


LAWB RBLATINO T0*‘COIfPUL8ORT EDUCATION 

Onp Siftto requires 6 montbs: Utah. 

T^o States require ,4 months: Florida and MisaissippL 
One^Statc itjquires 3 aaonths: Oklahoma. 

One State has no minimum school term: Alabama.' 

% 

'.Summary age* affected and amounl of aUendanct.re^uird^ 


i 


BtEU 


RfimUf 

VliOrvI 

Eoor Ere 


4*tf»iTTie _ . 

IrircjiE 

.irktiiAiia. g., 

c idifnrme., .. 

rolorEilo. » . 


rnnneninjf 

rVluNrare ~ 
r>iMii\i of roiumbli. 
nofhiii 




IdilllV.. 
lUlOOlS.. 
lo<11enE. 
low*. ... 
Ie&sei.. 


Effihickj 

Louijiitnt. 

Mtine 

.ViTNUnd-, - 


MicMrtn 



MlkUAAin^ 

^lutsonn!.^ 

Monuoe : 


.VebntfkE 

Nevifii , . , 

XfE lUmrwhirr 

N>w 

Stm Mffkt) 


N>w York 

North C'trnliiie 
North |)tki*!e 
t^hio 

Oklfthoinll 


onpfon 

I>nn.«\lvenm 

Hholf 

Sailh rerollni 
South DeLoU 


Timnfi«iic«^. 

tAe.'. 

VlEh^ 

Vtnnont 

N taUrilE. 


-jEshmrion 

'J wt V(riinU\,.^... 

wteeonitn 1 

Wfoniliif 


tv erfo 

Inr «rhoo! 
Mten-I* 
Eooe tire 


I 

-W— 
k ifi 
<t-l6 
7-lk 
ft<Ht 

7 

717 

7' 16 
ik-'n 

» IS 
7 IS 
7‘IS 
MS 
7-16 

7-J6 

7-N 

7-17 

7-lT 

7‘16 

7-16 
6-16 
7-16 
7 16 

7'I6 
7-IH 
6-16 
7 16 
6-16 


14 16 


li^lA 

14-16 

14 16 
II 16 


14 16 


14-16 

14-16 


14-16 


14-16 
rodH IT 


l*n6or 16 
14-11 

14-16 

14-16 

•HWfl 

14-16 


14-16 


7-16 
7-14 
7-17 

.6*18 I’ntWr 16 
6-18 16-16 


6-16 

6-16 

7 IS 

6-14 

6- 17 

7- 16 

6- 14 
M6 
6-16 

•7-16 

^16 

Vl6 

7- 16 
7-16 


14-16 

14-16 

• 16-11 
A 

‘yitii* 

14-16 

"’*16^ 18* 


14-18 

14-]# 

14-18 


1 

Veen 
1 required 
(o Eiirnd 
rrfulET 
irhool 

1 Yenrt 

rfqnlred 

br pETi- 
llmror 
trrnlruc 
ichool 1 
U*. , 
- ^ ■ 


- -r, . 

1 

J 

i 

6 

L..: 1 

6 

• 

0 1 

6 

i 9 1 

8 

. .. 

0 

0 ' 

10 

0 

0. 

W 

9 

0 

0 

10 

t 

9 

; 1 

9 

0 

9 

9 

1 0 


1 

^ 9^ 

7 

U 0 

» 

c 10 


10 


9| 

0 

8 

1 

9 

9 

i 

8 

1 



9 

' 0 

fl 

0 

o 

9 

10 

6 

9 

T 

1 

10 


^1- 


10 

0* 

0 

1 

8 

0 

9 

6 

A 


m 

9 


4 D 
M 

0 

89 

10 

e 1 

0 

\ 

1 

J . 

9 

‘‘6’ 

9 

1 

tr 



ToIeI 

»ireErf 

EflHld- 

■nor 


^Mini- 
mum 
Eomitil 

Ellmi- 

i eorr 
cl required 
.j (muiith^): 


TcHeJ - 
■tieeid- 
Eocr 
requlriid 
(inoolh6) 


6 

.1] 

“sl 

-i 

t i 

16 k 

6 ‘ 

6 

6 • 

I 

10 

• II ^ 

. 6 . 

9 ' 

9 


(») 


0 

7 

10 
10 , 

• , 

I 

" • 10 1 
A. ,1 

I 10 

1 1 

11 

i I 

9 i 
10 - 

r, ; 

"*l 

10 ^ 

II 

•10 I 

• .»! 

8 
9 
6 
9 

• 

6 

"f 

« 8 

6 

1 11 

• 


!) 

I 

' 7 

/t 


^ 9H 


$4’^ 

48 

(*801 64 r 

48 


% . 


•6* 

81 

s . 


• for UlitArmlDs . 


7f 

(*77>81 

M 

79 

19 


76 

80 

71 

0 70)68 
•6 
96 

0"8)79 

080)79 

61 

86 

71 

61 


080)«1 

41 

TO 

94 

a» 

0 71)48 
64 
61 

- U 
79 

r 

79 

96 

60 


71 
0»71 
71 


> Tor Ulitonoot. 

*6ii Compolnqr odoooUoii.^ 8Ut«y p. U, 


ERIC 




ERIC 


8 


LA.WB BSliATINQ TO OOllPULBOBT BOVCATION 

% 


ConsecuttM Attendance 


1 


It appears that consecutiye' attendance is required (bj express.or 
implied provision) in all the States except Alabama, Arkansas, 
Delaware, Louisiana, Mississippi, Sopth Carolina, and Texas. 

PART-TIME EDUCATION 

Ccmpuliory ailendance ai part-time^ eorUinuaitm^ or evening sckooU > 


8Uti 


Afiioiu — 


CftllfOTDU... 


Do 

Cdoniilo. .... 
CoDDectlcui.. 


Dolowaio 

FIoMm 


Keatocky 
Miiohaiatts 

y 

Do..^ 

MtohJim 

tDionsutM 


Eiiid of school 


Part-liTn€._... 


.do. 


Eveoint....%. 


Num- 

ber 

OMX0- 

sary 
to M- 
tab- 
lish 


15. 


13 


30 


“Nlfht school".. 
CoDtinuAtioo... 

Part-iimo s 

...do, 


Part-time or 
continuation. 
Pari-tinio 

» ... .do. 




dntiDQBtiOD. 

^..do 


EToalng.^. 


Part-iilDo. 


30 

Ifi 

15 

30 

15 


Eitabliahmsnt oomp^- 
sof 7 or optional 


Compulsory, whars 15 
■or ntora amploymtni 
cert i limes have l>eeD 
issued. 

Conipulsory In hlah- 
schiiol dlsirlrts with 
enroilmeDl of 50 In 
hlfth School living with- 
in ^ miles 

Compulsory, where 30 or 
more i*ersond 18 lo 31 
are llutamU 


300 


30 


50 


Compulsory in districts 
with 10,000 or more 
population. 

Compulsory, where 15 or 
moreJhpld employment 
ocrilnoitos. 

Coninulsory, when Fed- 
eral funds are avail- 
able for teacbers' aal- 
arlea. 

optional *. 1 .............. 


Attend- 
ance age. 


Optional 


Compulfory in districts 
.with 12.000 or more 
population: allowed In 
smaller districts. 

Optional * 


Compulsory In districts 
where 300 or more be- 
tween 14 and 18 are 
employed; optional 
elstmhere. 

Compulsory where 20 or 
more pmoos 10 to 21 
with less than sixth 
frede" education U- 
oensed to work. 

Compulsory in districts 
with 6,000 or mors 
popolatlon: optional 
•Is^beie. • 


14-18 

14-18 

18-21 

14-18 

14-16 

1^18 

14-18 

14-18 

14-18 

14-10 

14-18 

14-10 

18-21 


Uodor 

17. 


Education ncoeaiary te 
excuse from attendanos 


Completion <of g rBmmAr . 
school course. 


Corapleilon of 4-ydv 
hlgh-echool or oquIts- 
leot. 


Read, speak, write Enf- 
hsh language wlib prt>- 
ftclency required for 
completion of slitb 
fcrade. 

Read und write Enghsh 


language, 
rompleiloo 


of elgbtli 


gride 
None mentioned. 

Do. 


Completion d 4-yiBr 
high -school course. 
Completion of ilitb 
grade. 

Nooa mentioned. 


Completion of aigbtk 
grade. 

None mentioned. 


Completion of sixth 
grade or its eqol valent 


Completion of 2 yean 
of 4-year high-school 
oouraa or equivalent. 


p^time or oontlnualicn soboon are provided, attendance therein is oompubKihrf excused for nbyit 
oal menial diMblUty or for educational attalnmants sh<rwn above. 

Tbe amooDt of attendanoe leaulred in parVUme, ooptlnuatlon, or evening scbooli In the difltrent BtaUi 
vifta 4 Id 8 boon pm week and imtenOly extends over tbe mm period aa that of the lefolar pobbt 

alii(or!tS«L 


* Atlendanoa ompiilaory where sni^ aeboolt am 

5Ili^b eohools am mamuined, atteodaoee^ay be required by looal adiMl 




IiAWB RBLATTNO TO OOHPUl^ORT BDUOATTON * 9 

Compu/iory aU«ndano$ at parUiime, eontinttalion,- or tvening Bchool - — CoDtioued 


state 

Kind of school 


1 

I 

1 

f. 



Missouri.....^. 

Part-time 

35 

lffootaoa....« 

1 • 

18 



Nebraska 


15 

Do 

.1 

> 

Nifida 

Part-time. ^ ^ 

15 



New Haropshhe. 

Evening or spe- 

15 


cial day. 



1 

30 

New Jersey 

Continuation.*. 

30 

New Mexico^.... 

Part-time _ _ 

IS 

New York 

Part-time oroon- 

to 

300 


1 tlnuatlon. 


Ohio 

Part-time..,^... 


• 





e 

Oklahoma 

...do..— 

30 

Oregon 

.. ..-do. _ 

m 

15 

Pennsylvania. 

Oonlinuatlon . .. 

30 

Rhode Island 

Evening.... 

30 

Booth Dakota 

• ... . do.. . .. ... . . . 

— 

Tennebrea.. 

Part4ime 


Oteh 

.....do — ....... 

15 


KTwJnf 


WiliitaftoD 

Part-time 

• 16 

. J 




EstahlfebmeDt com pul- 
■ory or bpClonAi 


CompulBory In districts 
whem 35 or more mi- 
nors under le ere U- 
censed lo work. 

Compulsory where 15 or 
more between 14 to IB 
here entered employ* 
ment. 

Conipuleory where 15 
or more 14 to 16 are 
employed. 


Attend' 

fuioeaie 


Compulsory where 15 or 
more between 14 and 
IB are employed. 

CooipulsorT if 16 or 
more ere iUlierete. 

Compulsory if 20 or 
more ore Jlliterate. 

Compulsory lo certain 
districu when 
requested. 

Compulsory where 15 
eraplojrmani oertifl* 
cetes here been Issued 
to chlldien li to ^6. 

CoainuUory In districts 
with 200 mioom, 14 to 
IB, not re^larly at- 
tendloK fuIi-tlmB day 
school; optional else 
where. 

Optional • 


Compulsory where 20 or 
more 16 to )B are em- 
ployed. 

Compulsory where 16 or 
more lietweeo 14 end 
18 ere employed. 

Compulsory where 30 or 
more children are eli- 
ylhle Rltend. 

Compulsory where 20 or 
more nerrons 16 to 21 
ere llirterate. 

Compulsory when di- 
rected by State sup«- 
Intendent. 


Optional * : 

Compulsory when IB or 
more children would 
be sublact to attend- 
ance. 

Mar be reouirid by 
State board of edo<A-^ 
tiOD. ^ 

Optional K.k 


« I • 

where aueh HhwI^are mainUlaad. 
eleiTieDtary Mbool courN. 


•i 

••• .. —T. uw» , 

• Not bftrred abovo 1®. 

• MlDon botwooD It and 18 and raquta^d bf io •dolta. 


Under 

16> 


14-18 

•14-16 

14- 16 

1|-18 

% 

15- 21 

Above 

21. 

14- 16 

15- ie 
14-18 


Under 

18. 


16-18 

14-18 

14-16 

16-21 

16-31 


16-fi6 

16-18 


1^^ 

14-18 


Bdueatlon necessary to 
excuse from attendance 




Completion of elemen- 
tary school course. 


Completion of bifh- 
fcbool course. 


Oradoated from high 
school. 

Completion of el|hlh 
grade. 

CompleUoo ^of elfhth 
grade and excused for a 
speddc reason by local 
board of education. 

**Read and speak Knf- 
lUh understaadlDgl^' 


None maoUooed. 


Do. 


Completion of 4-; 
secondary course. 


Oompletions of course 
given la part-time 
rscbool or hlgh-scbool ' 
course 

Completion of oommoa 
scl^l plus two yean 
of blgh school. 

None mentioned. 


Do. 


Reasonable Biefllty la 
Id speaking, raadlag, 
and writing the Eng- 
lish language.*' 

Speak, read, write Bog- 
llsh language with pro- 
ficiency requited for 
completion of sixth 
grade. « 

None mentioned. 

Completed workofeealor 
high aehool. 


Speak, read and* write 
English as is required 
for oomplatioo of fifUi 
grade. 

Completion of a 4-yeer 
bigh-ecbool aontsa cr 
aquivatonl. 


ERIC 


i-.v 


' • ^ r 

ff ^ iMv A ^ I 


10 L^WB tlBLATINf TO COMPUL80BT EDUCATION 

Compulwry atUndanc^. at part-time, continucUion, or evening eehooU — Continued i 


• 


Num- 

ber 




Btat#'' 

1 

KlDd of Mhoo) 

neoDO- 
sary 
to Ofl- 
teb- 
Ibih 

EflUbllshment compul- 
lory or optional 

Attrad- 

onoeaice 

Education ncocssaryto 
excuse from attendanet 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Witt virflnle... 

ParL-Uma ,, 

60 

# 

Compiilviry In clttfs 
with 10,000 or moro 
IKjpulmtion; also whore 
60 or ipore U>10not in 
reguler school ettend- 

i 

1 A-ia 

1 

Completion of elghU 
grade. 

> 


• 

Wbooniln-— ... 

do .. 


ance. 

Compulsory in towns 
with over 6,000 popu- 
iNtion. 

OnllonaJ 


Completion of 4-yw 
high school or equlva. 
lent. 

Read and yrrlte Ihaph 
lenteocas. 


Evening 


14-18 
Over 17. 






\ 


EXEMPTIONS 


Minimum Amoutd,of Eduction Necessary to Exempt from School Attendance 

Four States require completion of high-school course: 

New York. Nebraska.' Nevada. ' Ohio. 

, Thirty-nine States require completion of elementary school course: 


Alabama. 

Arizona. 

^>rk ansae. 
California.* 
Colorado. 
Connecticut. 

^ •Delaware. 

^ District of Colum- 
bia. 

Florida. 


Georgia. 

Idaho. 

Illinois. 

Indiana. 

Iowa. 

Kansas. 

Kentucky. 

Louisiana. 

Maine. 

Maryland. 


r 


Michigan.* 

Minnesota. 

Missi&sippl. 

Missouri. 

Montana.* 

New Hampshire. 
NoKh Dakota. 
Oklalioina.* 
Oregon. 

Rhode Island. 


• South Dakota. 
Tenneaseo. 
Texas. 

Utah.* 

Vermont. 

Virginia. 

. Washington.* 

' West ^Virginia. 
Wisconsin.* 
Wyoming. 


Six Stfttes do not specify aiflount necessary: * 

Maanwhusetta. New Mexico. Pennsylvania. South Carolina. 

New Jersey. North Carolina. 


Minimum Amount of Education Necessary for Labor Permits 


I. The average amount of education required throug^ut the United 

SUtes for labor permits under the present Jaws is equivalent to the 
fifth grade. 

^ : N . 


• Whm hlfh Klioote or aohooli of eqosJ p«de an maintained. • 

hllh-ertool o^ where pert Ume or oontinuetloo sefaools on provided is 
•ttendoooa except OUabonu sod MIAIcao vliiob rw}uin two rnn of hi^ 


ERIC 


LA|ra RBLATINQ TO ’^COMPOUSOBT BDUCATIOK' 11' 

n. Seventeen States inquire eightH graded 

Delaware. Kansas. Nevada. 

Dfatrict of Colum- Ma[ine. No'rth Dakota. 

, “!*• . Minnesota. Rhode Island. 

Indiana. Montana. Utah. 

Nebraska. Vermont. 

III. Four States require seventh grade: 

California. Maryland. ^ Ohio. 

IV. Eight States require sixth grade: ' 

Alabama. Illinois. ^ Michigan. 

Connecticut. Massachusetts. New York, 

V. Three States require fifth grade: 

Arizoatf. . Kentucky. New Jersey.i 

Northcr^lit'!'*' ArkansM «nd 

VII. Eight States require ability to read and write: 

norTdl'*”’ Oklahoma. South Dakota * 

VTTr 6 o »""P«hire. Oregon. Tennessee (implied). 

VIII, Seven States have no educational requirements: 

Idaho. ^ MisaissippL New Mexico. Virginia. 

Louuiana. Missouri. South Carolina. 


Washlngtoii. 

Wisconsin. 

Wyoming. 


.Texaa 

Pennsylvania. 
West Virginia. 


♦ 


Exemplions on Account of Distance 

TweDty-two StutM have provisions for exemptions on account of 
distance from school under certain conditions.* 


Alabama. 

California. 

Florida. 

Iowa. 

Louisiana. 

Michigan. 


Minnesota. 
Mississippi. 
Montana. 
Nevada. 

New Mexico. 
North Carolina 


North Dakota. 
Oregon. 
Pennsylvania. 
South Carolina. 
Tennessee. 
Texas. 


Utah. 

Virginia. 

West Virginia. 
Wisconsin, 


The distance required to exempt varies in different States. (See 
■Mtion on Compulsory Education Provisions by Slates, p. 35.) 

Exemption of Dependent Children 

Eighteen States have provisions for exemption from school attend- 
•nee for poverty reasons under certain conditions.* 

ConaJtliat. Neh^li'. g ^ct h D.1..U. . WaUiiegtoa. 

"oHda. W-tVinsloU. 

Idaho.* North Dakota, Utah. 


*8lilb cnd« ftftor Sept. 1, im. 

Wbm clothes or boolcf or other inkiM v 

hoUd. PweMary to stUnd school «r> ftmilibsiL mmotlan l« i^ntrsHy 

<l/obOdlil4yMnold. .j 

»lfcd>fldisisy— 










12 


LAWS RELATING TO COMPULSORY EDUCATION 

li 


Jnd^nilt Exanplions 



Fifteen States have indefinite provisions relating to exemptions 
(for re^ons satisfactory to local school authorities, etc.)* * 


Arizona. Florida. 

Delaware. lllinoia. 

Diet. Columbia. Indiana. 

Georgia. Maine. 


Maryland! 

Mnssacliusetta. 

Missiissippi. 

Ne^ Hampshire. 


Rhode Island. 
South CaroOna. 
West Virginia.* 


Extmplion forphwch Ohatrtancts 

Eight States provide by legislation, subject to certain limitations, 
exemption from school attendance in order to attend or comply with 
church observances: 


Diet. Columbia. Iowa. Minnesota. South Dakota 

Illinois. Michigan. Oregon. West Virginia.' 


EDUCATIONAL REUEF OF DEPENDENT OR NEGLECTED 

CHILDREN 

• » 

Thirty-three States have mandatory laws relating to public educa^ 

tional relief for dependent or neglected children. In these States 

relief necessary for such children to attend school, such as clothing, 

books, etc., must under various Conditions be given. States which 
. .1 . 1 1 . .. 1 . ' 


require that such relief be given 

are: 

' 

Alabama. 

Kentucky. 

Nevada. 

Pennsylvania. 

Arkansas. 

Kansas.* 

New Hampshire. 

Rhode Island. 

California.' 

Maryland. 

New Jersey.* 

South Carolina.* . 

Colorado. 

Massachusetts. 

New York. 

South Dakota. 

Florida. 

Minnesota. 

North Carulina. 

Tennessee. 

Georgia. 

MississippL 

North Dakota. 

Texas.* 

Illinois. 

Missouri. 

Ohio. 

Vermont. 

Indiana. 

Iowa.* 

Montana. 

Oklahoma. 

Virginia. 


I 




' Foulrteen States have laws of a permissive type which authorise 
public educational relief for dependent or neglected children ; they ore: 


Arizona. 

Connecticut. 

D^w^. 

Idaho. 


Louisiana. 

Maine. 

Michigan. 

Nel>rauka. 


New Mexico. Washington. 

Oregon. West Virginia. 

Utah. Wisconsin. 


A 


, As a rule whenever public aid is given (w'hother required or author- 
ized), or when private aid is given to dependent or neglected childrei^ 
of school age, they are required to attend school, unless excused for 
Other reasons. Some of the States which grant pensions to dependent. 


1 ImplM (oot 0 UM). 

9 AppliM to children In piiTeto or State InitllottoD. 
AppUee to ohOdren in oounty "Detention Hocne/^ 

* Whiirt speelal ichooli for each children are astabliibad. 

* t upon order of oottoty board of education. • 

• If in State Home for Dependent and Negieoied ChUdreo. 


ERIC 


^ ^ • : 

LAWS' SOLAma lO COMPtTLSOST SfOtraATIOlf 


toothere require by legislative or administrative act that mqthere 
m order to rweive pension, must keep their children in school or that 
they othe^se receive instruction, providing they are oif proper 
whool ^e. Some of the States which have such provisions are Florida, 

Pennsylvama, Oklahoma, and West Virginia. . 

Age* ofehOdren affeded by legUlalion rdaiing to handicapped 

' T 


Blata 


Alflhuma 

Arlionn A 

:::::::: 

Cillfornlrv. 

Colorado. 


CoQnfH*ticul 

Mivnre.. 

Db!. rolumbta —..-cv— ... 



OrariU 


Ithho-.* .... 

niioois 

iDdJttlM 

Iowa 

Kinsas 


palucky 

Uulaian* 

MbIdd II“. IT" 

......ir." **"”* ** 

MiBachuMtU ...I” *. 


BlUul 


(») 


*-17 

««-l* 

7-18 

n' 


o 
8-18 
7-18 
7-l» 
»7-ai 


W 


7-19 


(»») 

»♦ 7-14 
9-19 

7-20 

(*•) 

on ^ * 

9-91 


Dot! 




0 ) 


•4-m 


0 ) 


m 

9-18 
7-W 
7-19 
•• 7-21 

1^7-ia 

0-18 

0-18 

on 

7-ia 

0-10 

(“) 

M 7-U 
i-ia 

7-20 

(*n 

on*'i 

0-21 I 


W- 


0) 


. 0 ) 


•4-18 


0) 


Crlppleii 


•fl-ia 


•4- la 


*• 7-21 


(»n 

a -18 


7-ia 

(n 


on 


on 


0-10 

on 


(*n 


0-11 


Twhlw* Dtlfo* 
IDiDdod QUexilV • 


0) 


0 ) 

*0)‘ 


0)a 

f? 


« (•♦) 


<»») 

(*) 

('•) 

'• 7-14 


O') 


on 


(“) 


»• 7-U 




X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 


Mlcfifitan 

’ MlnnssotH 

MtoLvIppI 

Moot ana ’ 

Kebrwka 

NeradM * 

Nsw nampahlre-*,...™ 



Ktw-Mulco 

mitied KHTw^me and* who'harebeen'Mro^ i “■ or wbo hara ooia- 

0-18 Impltod. 

I proflt b» suoh (itcolar) liMlmcilon '• 

ipproval onto *Mr«7«a”/’lto“8t^“^*?^ *5I1 m *•** rapr«« 

tojoedlatoly to tto atUnUoo of the proper 

edocatlon. 

jj Agf fncloilve, ^ ** 

I All “edncahle chOdr^S K. «llk«til ***“““ “^aln condtUoa. 

164®“— 2« 2 


14 LAWS BBIATINO to COMPUIilORT EDUCATION 

I • 

Ages qf children affected by compuhory educaium leaislation relating to handicappe^r 

c AiMrtfn— ^ODtinued 



1 

• • 

1 

4 

1 

f 

8tat«i 

1 

Blind 

DMf 

Mute 

Crippled 

Ferhle- 

mlndfd 

V 

New York 

00 

7-18 

7- 21 

8- 18 

00 

7-18 

7- 21 

8- 18 

7- 21 

8- 18 
8-16 
7rl8 

W 

8-17 

(") 

00 


North CatoUda 

>fh2l 

7- 21 

8- 18 

North DRkota .'........i.... 



Ohio 

8rl8 

8^18 

OklahouiA..... 

OrtffOD 

8-18 

8-16 

8-18 

>•8-18 

7-IH 

(«) 

8-18 

(V-18 

(0 

*•8-18 

j 

PenoiylvoDla. 

Rhode blend 

South CiiroliDa 

(") 

8-17 

>0 
8-14 
8-18 
8^16 
. (W) 

8-21 

S-21 

8-18 

(**) 



South Dakota 


(') • 

•• 

TeDDfllML 



Texas 

7- 21 

8- lg 
8-18 

.(H) 

8-21 

8-21 

8-18 

00 




Utah ^ 

S'lH 1 

1 . 


Vermont..... 

I (1 

VlnlnJa. 

Waihinidon. 


1 

fi-2l 

Wf6t Vlndnla 


. 1 

Wbconeln 


.. . . 1 . 

Wyoming 

(«•) 

i 





D«]b. 

quran 


X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 


iMftf be committed to SUto liutltution. < 

•• ••Where there ere 10 or more chllrlron who ere dfhf, blind, crlppledr or otherwise phjnilcidly dofeenfn,* 
the dbtrlct board o( educatioo slmll ostebllsh apecUl c^iu»» neoossery to provide sulUble loiitrtirlioQ In 
such children. 

II where tbers ere any physloUly or mentally handicapped ebUdren. the local school hoard must prorldi 
tpeclal claffeo for such children; compulsory attendance of mute or foeble-miodod cblldren to implied -Citoly 
expreealv slated). 

* "All deaf mutcfl and blind of the StAta who are of proper ace and mental capacity • • • shall b| 
admitted to the beneflLs of" tho State institute for such persona. 

« Pupils In Stale Instllule for the blind ••shall be laugnt such bTwiches of lo'irninff as Ihey om acquire.* 

^ The Qulnquennltl school census must Include a separate census of deaf and hllod pereoni between f 
cod 21, which abnll be sent to the superintendent of the school for the deaf and blind. 

I* The State most provide for the education of such children. 


METHODS OF ENFORCEMENT V 
Thirty-nine States require a school census annually: 


Arisona. ■ 
Arkanau. 
California.^ 
Colorado. 
Connecticut. 
District of Colum- 
bia. 

Floridiu 

Idaho. 

niiuoia. 


Indiana. 

Iowa. 

Kansaa. 

Kentucky. 

Maine. 

MassachusetU. 

Michigan. 

Minnesota. 

Missouri. 

Montana. 


Nebraska. 

New Hampshire. 
New Mexico. 
New York. 

North CaroHfu^* 
North Dakota. 
Ohio. 

Oklahoma. 

Oregon. 

Peiinsylvapta. 


Rhode Island. 
South Carolina. 
South Dakota. 
Texas. 

Utah. 

Vermont. 
Washin^n. 
West Virginia. 
Wisconsin. 
Wyoming. 


Five States require a school census biennially 

Alabama. Maryland. Miosisslppi. . ^Tennessee. 

Delaware. , . 

One State requires hchool census quadrennially: Louisiana. . 

0 

• Paroit or foardton muitroftoUrohOdroaolfoiioolAfO annually^ 

>OooUQQotii Mbool oaoioa. 


ERIC 


-Uwb.mjlatino to cOMPtTLsoar sducaitom 16 - 
i Three States require a school census quinquennially : 

0«orgia. New Jersey. . Virginia. 

Th^ohool censu^is taken in Nevada •■whenever in the judgment ' 
the State board it appears advisable." 


of 


Pennsylvania. 
Virginia. ' 
Wyonxing. 


Truanty Dtfinti 

Fourteen States delinitely define truancy: 

Califurnia. Florida. Massachusetta, 

Conuecticut. Kansas. MwsissippL 

District of Culum- Maine. Nevada 

Maryland. Oiegon. 

In Alabama, Iowa,' Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey 
stand South Dekote, West Vitginia, .^d wYs^rnl t™.Tcy U 
defined indefinitely. In North Carolina the State board of educa- 
tion IS authonzed to state what shiUl constitute truancy. 

Twenty-five States do not appear to define truancy: 

Arirona. Indiana.. New Mexico.' Texaa. 

Arkan^. Kentucky. New York. utah^ ' 

^orado. Mlnnwota, ^ North Dakota. Ve^ont. 

Delaware. Missohrl. ' Ohio ^ i 

Gwrgia. Montana. Oklahoma. ** 

IllinoiB. Net'niJipahire. T^nnL2T““' 

f ‘tT„ry 

T..r“- 

reported within three days; Alabama 
Florida, Kentucky, New Mexico, and South Carolina require nrin- 

&o 1“ Arkansas, Georgia • 

'Haho, Kansas, Missoun (weekly first month), and Oregon report of 
truahcies is required monthly; South Dakota re^ report bf 
truancies every two weeks. ^ ^ 

MiMissippi, and Montana it is not definitely 
Stated when truancy must be reported. ^ 

Twenty States do not specify when truancies must be reported 


Aritona. 

Cxlifomia. 

Colorado. 

Connecuticut. 

Delaware. 

District of Colum 
bia. 


Louisiana. 
Maine. 

Massachusetta. 

Minnesota. 

Nevada. 

New Hampshire. 


New Jersey. 
New York. 
.North Carolina. 
North Dakota. 


Oklahoma. 
Rhode Island. 
Utah. 

West Virginia. 


; 



LAWS HBLATTNO TO COMPULSORT BDUCATION 


Id 


Eleven States do not specify who shall report fancies nor to whom 


they shall be reported. 


s ■ 

Aiixooa. 

Delaware. 

Massachusetts. 

New York. ^ 

Colorado. 

Louisiana. 

New Hampshire. 

Rhode Island. 

Coiineciiticut. 

Maine. 

New Jersey. 


Twenty-seven States definitely specify time within which truancy | 

must cease after warning from proper officer: 

9 

Alabama. 

• Indiana. 

, Nevada. 

Tennessee. 

Arkansas. 

Kansas. 

Nd^>v Jersey, 

Texas. 

Colorado. 

Michigan. 

North Carolina, 

Virginia. 

a 

Connccuticat. 

MissisNippi. 

Ohio. 

West Virginia. 

Delaware. 

Mi8tH)uri. 

Oklahoma. 

WiscuiiHiii. 

Florida. 

Montana. 

Oregon. 

Wyoming. 

Georgia. 

>A’braska. 

Pennsylvania. 


Twenty-two States do not specify when truancy 

must cease aftv 

being warned by truancy officer: 



Arisona. 

Illinois.' 

Minnesota. 

South Carolina. 

California. 

Kentucky. 

New Hampshire. 

South Dakota. 

District of Colum- Louisiana. 

New Mexico. 

Utah. 

bia. 

Maine. 

* New Vork. 

Vermont. , 

Iowa. 

Maryland. 

North Dakota. 

Washington. 

Idaho.' 

Massachusetts. 

Rhode Island. 

• 

- 

ATTENDANCE OFFICERS 

• 

Twenty-one States have provisions for the selection of attendance 

officers by county school authorities: 


Alabama.* * 

Indiana.* 

Missouri.* 

Tcmic88cc.^* • 

Arizona.* 

Kansas.* 

Nebraska.* 

Texa«.* 

California.* 

Kentucky. 

North Carolina.* 

WaHhington.* 

Florida. 

Maryland. 

Ohio.* 


Georgia.* 

Michigan.* 

, Oklalioma.* 


IlUnois.* 

Mississippi.* 

Oregon.* 


In Idaho 

the attendance officers are selected by the probate court 

with the approval of the board of county commisaioners; school 


trustees may act. 

' Legislation for the selection of attendance officers does not app^ 
for the States of Delaware, Louisiana, Mississippi, and New Mexica 


llodefiDlUlTtiUtMl. ** 

* Except In towns ol 2,000 or mors popukUon. 

* Upon pf UtJoo of miJorUy of tbs boards ol school truilces. 

* Except in numldpoi dlftriolt^ 

- 4 Couoiy oincar appointed by cocmiy aotboriUos ; dUtrlets may appoint dialdoi offiasr, 

* Except In dtlia ol first aifd of sooond clasa 

V County suporiniendont acU u truant oflloor. 
t Except in towns and dtiea. « 

* Excapt in first class districts. 

Except in cities of fi/XX) or more population. 


laws IllLATDrO TO OOtfPm^RY-SDtTCATrON 17 

Thirty-nine States have ppoTisions for the selection of attondsnce 
otbcera by district school authorities; 


Alabama.* 
Aritona.' 
California. 
Colorado. 
Connecticut. 
District of Co- 
lumbia.* 
Georgia.* 
niiiiuia. 

Indiana.* 


Iowa. 

Kansas.* 

Maine. 

Massachusetts. 

Michigan. 

Minnesota. 

Missouri. 

Montana. 

Nevada. 

New Hampshire. 


New Jersey. 
New York. 
North Carolina. 
North Dakota.* 
Ohio. 

Oklahoma.* 
Oregon.* 
Pennsylvania. 
Rhode Island. 
South Carolina. 


Salary of AUendanit Officers 


South Dakota. 

Tennesaoe.* 

Texas. 

Utah. 

Vermont. 

Virginia. 

Washingtons* 

West Virginia. 

Wisconbin. 

Wyoq»lng, 


■ Thirty-six States provids that salsiy of attendance 
nxed by .appointing body: 


officers be 


Alabama. 

Ariiona. 

. California. 
Colorado. 
Connecticut.** 

Dist. of Columbia. 
Florida. 

Idaho. 

Indiana." 


s 

Iowa.'* 

Kentucky. 

Maine. 

Maryland. 

Michigan. '» 

Minnesota. 

Missouri.'* 

Montana. 

Nebraska. 


NeVada. 

New Hainpablre. 
New Jersey. 

New York. 

North Carolina. 
Ohio. 

Oklahoma. 
Peniuylvauia. 
Rhode Island. 


South Dakota. 

TciiApasce. 

Texas.** 

Utah. 

Virginia. 
Washington. 
West Virginia. 
Wisconain. 
Wyoming.** 


... of attendance officers in other Stetes 

SK. ArkansM, no sSaty, hut fere ellowed; Georgia, from $1 to $3 

by board of county coramisaioners; 

bT. r '"P'“y‘<*i MaWhusetts, no fees; Oregon, 

B for ei^ day of ^ice; Vermont, *2 for each day of service ' 

'^'“‘■ng to the selection and Salaiy of 
attendance officers dow not appear for the States of Delaware 
Louisiana, Mississippi, and New Mexico. - ' ' 



* In tovni of 3,000 or mom popuUUoo. ~ ' t 

*B/ oompetJtlTtomnliutUon. , 

^Muoldpd boortle 

* In dtiM of flm %iul ttoood 

• In dlitrlcU of MO or mora populnUoiL 
*Io diioi ood townie 
' In flni ciiM dittrlota. 

■ In dtla of 5,000 or mors popttUUon. 

• In diftdcU with moro Utno 3,500 population. 

* Fm allowod. 

y^rom 13 to 15 per day amployode 
^ K^asonabli oompooialioiie 

• Ai le^t $3 poAlay employod. 

“ Not to aiMod 14 per day ooipJoyitL 
•NoiowMpardaytnfployad. ,, 


w 


IS 


LAWS RELATINO TO COMPULBOBT IDUCATlOK 
fVhtn AUmianu Ofiurs Mifat Ad 


a. 


Fifteen Stetes requiring attendance ofTic^re to jict immediately' 
or within 24 hours after receipt of report of truancy : 


lowai 

Kaiuaa. 

Kentucky.' 

Michigan.' 


Miiiiieitota. 

Musoiiri. 

# 

Nebraska. 

Ohio.* 


Oklnhiinia. . 
Oregon.' 
Utah. 
Verimmt. 


In Alaha'ma and Mississippi attendance officcre 
three days; jn Illinois “as soon aa-possihle." 

Thirty-one States do not spe<*ify time within wliir 
must act on r..ses reported to him: 


Ariiona. 

Arkahaaa. 

California. 

Colorado. 

Connecticut. 

Delaa’are^. 

DUtrict of Colum- 
bia. 


Florida, 

Georgia. 

Idaho. 

Indians. 

LouUiana. « 

Maine, 

Maryli^nd. 

Maaaachusette. 

V 

Power of AtUnJance Officers 


Montana. 

Nevada. 

New Hampshire. 
New Jersey. 

New Mexico. 
New York. 

North Dakota. 
Pennsvlvania. 


Wc-t Virginia. 

WifK'OlHill. 

Wyoming.'’ " 

imi^t act within 
h truancy ofTicer 

rthocie iNlaiid. 
SuuIIl CaruUnA. 
South Dakota. 
Tcniu»«;aee* 

Texan. 

Utah. 

ViffUida. 

WaHliiiiKton. 


I^wenty-four States authorize attendance officers to exercise the 
power of aireat over truants: 


Ariiona. 

California. 

Connecticut. 

Idaho. 

Iowa. 

Maine... 


Maryland. 

Massachusetta. 

Michigan. 

Minnesota. 

MiasburlA 

Montana. 


Nevada. 

Nes' llani|>ahire. 
New Jer^<cy. 

Now York. 

Ohio. 

Pennsylvania. 


South Dakota. 

Tciiiiease. 

Virginia. 

WashiugUtn. 

West Virginia. 

Wisconsin. 


All States authorize and require attendance officers to investigkte 
truancy or nonattendance. This power and duty is e.\pressed in most 
of the States, and where not c.xpressed it ia implied. They are.like-^ 
wise authorized and required U) serve notice on parents or guardians 
of truants, <and, when necessary, to file complaint before the proper 
court of jurisdiction. 

The courts which usually have jurisdiction o^^cr truancy cades are 
those of the fusticos of the peace, or the municipal or county juvenile 
courts and county courts. 


1 Within M tMun. 


< Wbto tniAoey to bU noUot.** 




LAWS MLATINO TO COMPUL80BT BDDCATION 

t 

PmJlIa fcr Nentnftrtmai 




Siit«en SUtes providS penalty for principal or toacher for failui« 
to report truancy: 


AUbami^ 

Arkaoaiu. 

Dbt. Columbia. 
Idaho. 


Iowa. 
Kansaa. . 
Minneaota. 
Ohio. 


Oregon. 
Pennavlvania. 
South Carolina. 
South Dakota. 


Vennont. • 
Washington 
West Viifinia. 
Wiaconain. 


Nineteen States provide penalty for attendance officer for failure 
to act on truancy cases: 


Arkauaaa. 

California, 

Colorado. 

Florida. 

Iowa. 


Maine. 

Minnesota. 

Now Hampshire 
Now York. 
North Dakota. 


Ohio. > 
Oregon. 
Pennsylvania. 
South Dakota. 
Tenncaaee. 


Vermont. 
WMhington. 
Wwt Virginia. 
Wiaconain. 


All States provide a penalty for parenU or Ruardian, upon con- 
virtion, for failure to keep child in school. 

Thirty-two States do .not specify penalty for faUure of attendance 
officers to act on truancy cases: ' ‘^uuauce 


Alabama. 
Arizona. 
Connecticut, 
lielaa'are. 

Dint. Columbia. 
Georgia. 

Idaho. 

Illinois. * 


Indiana. 

' Kansaa. 

Kentucky. 

. Louisiana. 
Mo^and. 
MasSchusetta. 
Michigan. 
Mississippi. 


Missouri 
Montajia. 
Nebraaka. 
Nevada. ' 
New Jersey. 
New Mexico. 
New York. 
North Carolina. 


North Dakota. 
Oklahoma. 
Rhode laland. 
South Carolina. 
Texaa. 
t'tah. 

-V'irginia. 
W'yoming. 




Arisona. 

Califonita. 

Colorado. 

Connecticut. 

Delaware. 

Florida. 

Georgia. 

Qliiiois. 

Indiana, 


Kentucky. 

LouUisnA. 

Maine. 

Maryland. 

Massarhuaetta. < 

Micliigao. 

Mississippi 

Miasouil 


Montana. 

Nelmiska. 

Nevada. 

New* Hampshire. 
New’ Jersey. 

New Mexico. 
New York. 

North Carolina. 


North Dakota* 
Oklahoma. 
Rhode Island, 
Tennesaest' 
Texas. 

Utah. 

V'irginia. 

Wyonliog. 



I 

I 

I 


ERIC 


20 




i, 



i-‘ 


LAWB BBLAlTIfG TO COMPOLBORT SOtTCAnON 


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31 



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LAWS RELAHNO .to COMPUliSOBr £DUCAT 19 ir 


ERIC 



23 




1/AW8 'BIH2ATIN6^ TO COMPULSQRT EDUCATION 



ERIC 






ocmftitui 


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LAWS RELATING TO dOMPUUSORT £DUCAT(0|f 


27 


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there is one. 

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peace. 

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from date of 
mailing no- 

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0 







LAWS lUSLATCKQ TO COliiPCLBOBT BDi;CATl6H 


1 


SCHOOL ATTENDANCE AND EDUCATION AFFECTED BY COM^ 
PULSORY EDUCATION UWS 


It is difIicuIt''to estimate the relative importance of the varioiu 
factors affecting school attendance, The strongest factor perhaps'in 
promoting attetidance is the increasingly wide recognition by parents 
and children of the value of education. Improved school buildings, 
roads, transportation, health, and teaching, the establishment of 
, kindeigarten and part-time schools, and the operation of compulsory 
education laws are no doubt imf>ortant factors f9r increasing attend* ^ 
ance. 

Compulsory education laws frequently need to be invoked to com- 
pel indifferent parents and delinquent children to conforiri to high 
educational ideals and citizenship standards. Statistics compiled in 
the United States Bureau of Education for the school year 1919-20 
indicate that there were then in the United States approximately 
7,000,000 of the school population (5 to 17 inclusive) who were not 
enrolled in public or private schools. In 1920 the census showed that 
there were in the United States at that time approximately 1,000,000 
illiterate persons between 10 and 25 years of age. ^Doubtlees, the 
former situation shows the chief cause of the latter. When 7,000,000 
of school ^e are permitted to-remain out of school. It is not surprising 
that approximately 1 ,000,000 .should remain illiterate beyond tba 
school age. , * 

The foUo^g fijfures show the per cent of school pepulatidB, dis- 
tributed by years, not attending schools (not enrolled) in 1920, accord- 
ing to the census report of that year. 


Per cent qf tchod population not attending schoot , 


Y«inotat«, 

6 

6 

‘1 4 

8a 

9 

10 

11 

12 


Per oral not 
•tUndUif school 

81. 2 

36. 7 

16. 7 

11 . 6 

9.6 

- 7.0 

6 . 1 

- 6. a 


(MTU DO! 

YMra-of ate auaodlni icb^ 

7.* 

14 ia7 

27.1 

10 -• 49.2 

17 95.4 

18 


The figures just given indicate that more children attend school 
when 11 years of age than at any other age, but that still 6 per cent of 
children of that age do not attend school at all. But for more serioui 
waste by nonattendance is shown for the years' before 8 and* after 13. ' 
Thus it jvould seenr that the fairly effective period might well be 
lengthened atnach end. For 1924-26 it was, estimated that there 
were 8,000,000 children of school age absent from-pqblio or privat^ 
schools every such schools were in session. 


29 


* 

WB iUBLAtWG TO OOMPUL^RT IDUCAlioN • 

U6 forgoing conditions are strong* indicaUona that there are 
wious leaks m our ed\icafional systems. To abolish imteracy and 
ignorsnM as far as possible was doubtless one of the aims of compulr 
. wry school attendance laws. It therefore remains the problem of 
legislators, school officials, end the interested public who are friendly 
to education to provide for greater effectiveness of present \m ' 
tliiough supplementary legislation^ or administrative rules, or both 
Tl^ test of efficiency of any compulsory education system may b^ 
fairly shown ^y the answers to two questions, which are: First, trhat 
per cent of the total school population does ibget into school, or other- 
. wise reac^? ^condly, how well does it keep them in school, or in 
training elsewhere? GeneraUy speaking, the law which scores saUs- 
fwtory m this test, is a satisfactpry law. By examining ,the law in 
.SUt^^whicb have fairly good attendance, w^ay obtain some idea of 
the kind of law which seems to bo producing fairly satiafactory results. 
There is, of ^urse, much difficulty in determining what provisions ' 
should ho included m an efficient compulsory education law. There 
IS DO doubt, however, that certain features tend to raise, while othon * 
tend to lower, the efficiency of such laws. In States where the 
reiiiiiremente for exemption and the methods of enforcement appear 
more rigid and definite it would be natural to expect better sXol 
attendance Md consequenUy more education than in other States 
having seemingly less rigid and definite requirements. For example 
a law requiring attendance from 7 to 17 may well be ertei^ted to‘ ' 
^•uro more school attendance than a law fequiring atteniiance from 
8 14. More attendance is likewise expected froni' a minimum 

^hool term of nine months than from a minimum term of six months * 
A law requiring an eighth-grade education for labor permits teould 
ro.|uirq more sihool attendance than one requiring only a fifth or 
SIX h p-ade education. Moreover, better* enforcement would natfi- 
fajly 1)0 pxpected from a law requiring that truancy be xeported 
immediately, or within 24 hours, than from one requiring that tru- 1 
anry be reported .weekly; and the law with a penalty provision 
for neglect of duty by teachers and attendance officers is likely to be 
more effective than one without such provi-sion, and also a law which 
defines truaimy may obtain a more satisfactory court judgment 
than one without such definition. . ' 

, A close study of the various features of compulsory school attend- 
once Jaws and the corresponding school attendandS in States indicates 
onsidorablo correlation between certain laws and the amount of 
attendnhee. That is to say, laws which are more rigid and definite 
wcin to jiroduce, on the whole, hotter Attendance and consequently 
Miore I.u>r«.-y, than the laws which are aot nearly so rigid and 'definite. * 
By a more rigid and definite law ia meant a law having a fairiy. hub ' 
1649“— 29. a . ' 1 ^ 


o 

ERIC 






O 


30 LAWB.RSLATINO TO COMPUtSORT BDUCAnON 

manmum Bttendaaoe age, a high standaiM of education for exemp* 
tion and for labor permits; few and defimte exemptions, one pladof 
specific duties on teachers and officers apd requiring tiiem to act 
immediately, providing a penalty for failing to act, etc. There an 
some exceptions^ however, and these exceptions are doubtless partly 
due to many school attendance rules adopted by mIiooI boards and 
superintendents supplemefft^ the legislative enactments. Fu^the^ 
more, when we consider tb^ fact that various, and numerous prqvi>* 
sions are diversely distributed among the different States and that 
various economic and social factors prevail,, a few exceptions mig^l 
well be taken. . ' ' 

'Allowing for all the exceptions, the* weight of evidence stronglj 

indicates that compulsory education laws, which are more rigid and 

definite produce', oh the whole, fairly good attendance, and that as tb« 

laws are found lees rigid and definite attendance is corresponding!; 

lees. The following roll call of States and the table of statistics show 

'yarious features of the compulsory education law, school attendance, 

and illiteracy for each State. 

" * ■ 

RoU CoU Iht iSolq on Ctriain Fcalurca <4 ComfiuUory Eiucdlon Law. 

There is given here a list of 20 different features pf. State law's on* 
compulsory education. Following the list il^ a table which shows th« 
States with laws containing an^^ of these features. States having i 
any of following features are indicated by check marks (X) placed 
in the columjis corresponding in' numbers to .the numbers of the 
various features. ^ 

The feaiuTM tndudad in compuUory education late$‘ 

I. Troanoj definltety defined. 

3. Provide* when truancy stlaU oeaae after warning. 

' 8. Penalty on principals and teachers lor failing to report truan 

4. Penalty on attendance officers for neglect of duty. 

6. No exemption allowed for distance. 

6. No exemption allowed for poverty. 

7. No exemption for- indefinite reasons. ' 

^ 8. Requires that truancy be reported immediately. 

0. Requires attendance officer to act immediately. 

10. Seventh grade or more required for labor permiCa * ' 

II. Eight months or more annual school term. 

13. Nine years or more attendance required. , • f * 

18. Minimum oompulaory attendance age leai thani S. * ' 

• 14. Maximum compulsory altendanoe age>16 or morA 

16. Requires school census annually. ' ' 

16. Truuey officer has power of arrest.- ^ * 

17. Provides under* certain conditions- for selection of attendance officers b; 

county ‘authorities. * 

18. Provides who diall grant exemptions. 

* 19. Providw who shall report truancy. , . . . 

30. Bsfultf attendance officer required. 





LAWS RBLATINO' TO OOM^OLSOST SDUCAHON 


31 


* I?”**? *® ?*™ •IwVe mentioned 

Zibf^dT* “ (X) ““hB Bolumne 

■ ? ^1 to ‘he erder in which the feeturee ate men- 

honed on the preceding pa|?e, e. g., the chocks (X ) in column No 1 
indicate the Sutes which definitely define truancy, which is featiue 


SMeMuhich contain certain /eaturet in t/t^r compuUorj, edu^ion laum 


»/ 


(Thil fi^turoi iDdiotCed by tb« Dumbera lo ootumni 


I to 30 in shown on \he prmedint 


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32 


LilWB RILATINO TO OOIIPULBOBT* BDUCATTON 


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84 LAWS BBLATINO TO 

SUMMARY 



Compulsory education laws which require children (LAcars of agt 
VO attond school have been operating for many ubrs;)this is a^ 
true of laws requirii^ attendance until 1 8 years of ^e. Rcaulta ahow 
that children 6 yeare of age make good progress in school work, but I 
under the laws of one-half the SUtes children are not required to j 
Sttend school until 8 yeare of age. Hence considerable nonattendance' 
is permitted between 6 and 8- years of age. As a matter of fact, 
most children start to school when 0 years of age, and are coiiscquontly 
two years ahead of those who are brought in by the law when 8 years ' 
.''>old. Children who take advantage of this privilege to stay <iut until 
8 are considerab^ handicapped at the start. Their retarde<l position, 
Que to postponed schooling, tends toward embarrassiuent, a dislike 
for school, truancy, and eariy withdrawal. Thus pennisaive non- 
attendance during the years from 6 to 8 tends to defeat the very aim ^ 
of coropuiaory education la^. Five States re<|ui^ attcsdance until 
18 and five oUiers unlil 17 years of age. Six States require attendance 
until M only; two until 15. 

The total amount of attendance required in the different States 
varies considerably. For example: Tw'o States iw|uire 90 or moi^ 
months; ^ require less than 40; 10 reqttiro 80 or more; 13 re<{uire 
lees than 50. 

Requirement of little or no education for ialmr permita, an4 the 
granting of labor pennits at an. early age, tend io reduce school 
attendance. Considerable variation is found in this regard. Seven- 
teen States require eighth-grade education for labor permits, while 
eight States require ability to read and write only, and eight otiior 
States appear to have no educational rec|uiremenU. The ages at* 
which labor permita arc granted vary under certain conditions, from 
.12 to 14; the most usual is 14. Laws which require an eighth-grade 
education for labor pennits appear to he operating .satisfactorily. 

Distance from school is undoubtedly a potent fa'ctor in influencing 
attendance. In a number of counties, it has been estimated that dis- 
tance reduced attendanCh by one-half for children Uvfng 2 miles frotu 
school. Twenty-two States allow exemption from school attendance 
on account of distance. Obviously, many children are noteaffected 
. by the law. There may have been conditions in the past which justi- 
fied exemption for distance, but Uie facilities for transportation have 
been universally improved to the extent that continued exemption 
on account of distance seems now unnecessary. The majority of the 
States for m ‘ e refused to exempt on account of distance. 

Public int4 ;>port of compulsory education is an essential 


factor in se( ittendance. If either the public or sohool 

authorities a the best attendance law will fail ,Ux produce 



aiLATINO TO OOMPUUMBT IDVCAllO!# $5 

adequate reeulta. DouSUeas, aome laws in thcmselvea nre better than 
’ others; aim nonattendance problems are more complex and diflicult 
in some oommuniUea than in ethere. Ii.would s«etn that the greatest ’ 
need for a good law is where nonattendance is greatest and moat 
difficult to solve. 

While public interest is an important factor in law enforcement, a 
gmd law must poss^ in itself some power of enforcing its proviaions. 

No law can be satisfacto^ly enforc^ unless adequate pcnalticolilja 
in^sed upon delinquent officers charged with its enforeeinenm 
Ordinarily, courts have no power to impose penalties unless such 
power is specifically grauted. Penalties upon parents arc no doubt. - 
sufficient in most Slates to secure compliance on their part; but 33 
♦ States do not specify any penalty for principals or teachers failing U> 
report truancy, and furthennoro, 32 do not specify penalUes for at- 
tcndaricc officers who fail to act on tnrancy cases. Greater concern 
and vigUance on the part of principals, teachers, and attendance 
onicerB could, without dou]>t| bo stimulated by tniposing adequate 
penalties upon iheiii for failure to perform. 

TtnJtnciu 

‘By a cornparison of earlier compulsory education laws with those 
enacted more recenUy, certain tendencies are noted with regard U> 
compulsory education. Some of these tendencies are: 

(1) To lengthen, the period of compulsory education liy making it 
elT«‘ctive at an eariicr and to a laU'r age. The establishment of kinder- 
gartens and compulsop^ atteodapeo for part-time continuation, or 
evening schools, are, in part, an e.xpression of this tendency. 

(2) To increase the annual required school attendance. 

(3) To extend the compulsory provisions 19 include various haodi- 
cap|>ed children; also to provide parental schools for dcliuquenta. 

(4) To require more*education for exemptiou and for labor permits. 

(6) To require public relief to didigent children and subject them 

more to the attendance law. 

(b) To provide transportation for children not living within the 
usual walking distance from school. 

COMPULSORY EDUCATION PROVISIONS BY STATES 

Digeets showing separately for each State imporUnt logislaUve 
provisions relating to compulsory education were prepared in the 
U. ^Bureau of Education and senMo the respective State depart- 
ments of education for review and correction. All the digests, except- 
ing one, have bwn checked, approved, and returned by the respective' 

I State departments of education. These digests so approved are here 
I given. 



1 . Compulsory atlcndance age — 8-16, 

2. Minimum school term required — No mlniniuin tflrni fixed by law. , 

3. Minimum aUendattce required — Full term, if not less than 100 days, provided 

’ that the county or city 'board of education ahull hav^ power to reduce 
period of compulsory attendance to not less than 100 days. 

4. -Siemplions — 

(а) Fourteen )cnr9 of age and completed elementary course of study or 

the equjvalen'l. 

(б) Attendance at “a private, denominational, or parochial school,, taught 

by a competent instructor," fiuring full length of the school term in 
every scholastic year. 

(e) “No public school within 2H miles by the nearest traveled road, 
• • ♦ unless public transportation within naSionable walking' 
* distance is provided. " 

(d) Children with ‘'some physical or mental condition which renders 

• attendance impracticable or inexpe4iicnt. " 

(e) Fourteen years of'age and legally and reguhirly employed. 

6. Educational relief for children in poverly~\t, in prosecution for violation of the 
ppovisions for compulsory attendance, it is shown that the parent, guardian 
of the child or children is unable to provide necessary books and clothes in 
. <trder to attend school in compliance with law, such parent or guardian 

shall be discharged, and such child or children shall be tflrned over to the 
juvenile court, or to the State Child Welfare Department to be dealt with 
as a dependent child. • • - ^ 

6. Agefvr admission — Over dytara of age. 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. * ♦ 

8. Minimum education required for labor permit — Sixth grade. 

— School Codf of Alabama, 19S4> 


ARIZONA 

tv 


1. Compulsory attendance age — 8-16, 

2. Hftmmum school term required — Eight months. 

3. Minimum attendahee fequired — 1^11 terpa. , > 

4 . Exemptions — * 

(a) Completed gramnobr-school course. O 

(b) Instruction at home by competent teacher in branches ^ught In 

common schools; or attendance at private or parochial' school taught 
by competent teachers for full time public achbols of the district are 
, * in session. ^ • 

(c) Because physical or mental condition renders '.attendance inexpedi- 

ent or impracticable. 

id) For reasons satisfactory to bo&rd, fionsisting ot president of local 
‘I * board of trustees, teacher of the child, and probation officer. 

(•) Children 14 to 1 6 lawfully employed apd attending continuation school. 
(Attend^oe at continuation or partrtime school is required for 
exemption only whore such schools are provided*)’ 

(f) Sixteen years of age and employed with the consent of its parents at 
some lawful wage-earning occupation. 



.1 School dbtrlcU when ibare ihall bavi bMa iwued U •mploymtut osrtlflcaiw, uolen ucaMd, ihall 
siUblbb ooatlnustloo or port-tlnw Khool. 


I ' 


ft 


LiLWB BBLATINO TO OOllPULSOBT BOUCAISON 


a7 


■ 6. Educational rdief fqr children in poverty — When it shall appear to any attend^ 

I ance oflioer that any child within school age is unible to attend school 

I . because it has not proper Clothing, or because it is required to work 

I ^ in order to properly support itself, or those legally entitled to its services, 
he shall report suth fact to the juvenile court of such county, “and- if 
it shall appear to the judge of such court, after investigation, that relief 
shotdd be grant^ such child, in order that it jnay attend school, said 
judgo may make such orders as may be necessar^from the general funds 
of the county in like manncc as other cx[>cnse8 for the maintenance of 
dependent children under 'the juvenile court act.*' (Session Laws, 
1921, ch. 143.) 
a. Age for admiation — ^21. 

7. Age for Udior permit — 14-16. „ 

8, Minimum education for labor permit — Fifth grade. 

. — School Lavoa of Arizona, 19SS. 

ARKANSAS 

1. Compulsory attendance age — 7-15. 

2. Minimum school term required — Six months, If within taxing limit district. 

3. Minimum alifndance rc^i/ircd— Three-fourths of tUne public school in district 
is in session. Required to enter not later than* two weeks after opening 
of session.'' 

4. Exemptions — 

(o) “Children who have completed the common-school course of study, 
including the seventh grade as outlined by the State superintend- 
ent of public instruction.*’ ^ 

(b) Instructioil in approved “private or parochial school.” 

• (c) ‘‘Children mentally or physically incapacitated to perform ichool 
duties." 

(d) “Children whose services are needed to support widowed mothers.'* 

5. Educational relief for children in poverty — Boards of school directors are 
authorized and requii^ to furnish textbooks free to all children whose 
parents or guardians are unable, upon satisfactory evidence, to provide 
same. Textbooks so furnished by the district are to remain property of’ 
the district and to be taken up by the directors at the cloee of school and 
kept for further use. • Boards of directors are authorized to pay^ for 
such textbooks furnished out of the district school funds (Act 294,^917). 

6. Age for admission — 6-21. , 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. ilfxmintim education required for labor permit — Fourth grade. 

— School Lav’S of Ar/ransos, 1988. 

, CALIFORNIA 

1. Compulsory attendance age — 8-16 (until 18 in part-time schools).* 

2. Afinimum school term required — 170 days. , 

3. Aftntmum attendance required — Full term. • 

P 4, Sxemplions — 

• (o) Instruction in private full-time day school by capable teachers; prc>- 

, vidod thatNjpuch schools teach jn the Engli!>h janguage and offer In- 

struction in the branches of study required to bo taught In public 
schools and provided that record of attendance of pupils be kept. ’ 


* Sn part-time eduoidoD, p. t. 

m * 


icwt.li ' 'ufj 



3g 


L41VB BBLATINO TO COlfPUI^BT BDUCAnON 


^MmpMofu— -Continued. 

(6) Instruction by private tutor, In etudy and rtjdtaUon, for at least three 
hours a day for 160 days each calendar year, in branches of study 
required to be taught In public schools; provided that such Instrue. 
tion be given In the English language and by person capable of teach- 
ing and that the Instruction shall be given between 8 a. m. and 4 p. m. 
Children (certified by licensed physician) whose physical or mental 
^ condition prevents or renders inadvisable school attendance or applj. 
cation of study. 

Children residing more tluln 2 mUes from schoolhousti’bv nearest 
traveled road; provided^at such children shall be exempted only 
upon, written approval of the superintendent of schools of the 
county; notice whereof shall bo fil^ with the board of education 
of the school district* * 

Children tetween 14 and 16 who hold labor permits.* 

5. Bduealional relu^or children in poeerty-T-Whon it is shown, bv any person 

to the juuenile court that any child Is “destitute.** or neglected, or it 
homeless, said court may commit such chOd to detention home, or other 
institution suitably provided to maintain and care for such child. It is 
not expressly stated, but the implication is that children so committed 
may be required to attend school or otherwise receive instruction. 

- . (General Law* o/d^atif., Ad 3968 , sees. I-U.) 

6. Age for admietion — 6-21. 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Minimum education required for labor permU— Seventh grade, If child is IS 


(«) 


(d) 


(•) 


years of age. 


—Behool Law* of California, 1936, 


COLORADO 


«) 


1. Compultory attendance age — 8-16. 

^2. Minimum echool term required — Six months. (Sec. M3.) 

8. Minimum attendance re^utrsd— Full terra;* from 8 to 14 years of age mav be 
12 weeks (sec. 266.) j b »e 

4 . Sx€ftipiioits*^i 

(a) ChiidK»n over 14. If i^mplcted eighth grade or eligible to enter high 
school in district. L 

Instruction in private pr parochial school for entire school year 
during which public schools are in session in district. Suillcient 
instruction in public school branches at home by person qualified 
to teach; child so Instructed shall be subject to same examination as 
other pupils in district. 

Children whose “bodily or mental condition docs not permit*' attend- 
ance at school, as certified by reput.’iblo physician. 

(d) Fourteen years of age and where child's “help is necessary for its 
own or its parents* support.’* 

Fourteen years of age and “ where for good eauae shown it would be 
for the best interests of such chUd to b« reUeved from the provl- 
sions of ihla 

(Compulsory attendance requirements do not apply in districts where 
there are not sufficient accommodations in public schools to seat 
children. 


(c) 


(•) 


(/) 


^ ml^ ovw (Im ate of 14 yean and under IS yean who can not read and wriU tbs Eogliak lantuai* 
< ** ***^ '«»> day, or attend a public night tchool. or lake regular^d^ 

qualUtod Intbe optnioe «f Iho oounty nipartetendootoracboolr.** (CUveda 


LAWS HBLATINO TO COlfFUlSORT EDUCAltON 80 


B. Education^ rtiitf Jot children in pmwty-- Where parent of guardian Is not 
able, by reason of poverty, to properly clothe any child for echoed attend- 
ance, 'it shall be the duty of the school board of the proper dlitriot, 
upon the fact being shovm to their satisfaction, to" furnish 'the necessary 
clothing and'pay for the same out of the school fund of such distrlot." 


7. Age for labor permi/— 14-16. 

8. Minimum education requited for tabor permit — Read 4 nd write (or attend. 

Hair school ono-half day per day or an evening school),* 


1. Compulsory attendance age — 7-16. 

2. Minimum school term required — 38 weeks. 

3. Minimum aitendance'roquired— Full term.* 

4. Exempiione — a 

^ (a) If 14 and lawfuUy employed and If school authorities deem edncatlon 

' Bufficient*to warrant leaving school to work. 

(6) Where child receives approved Instniction elsea'here difring hours 
* and term of public school. 

(e) "Mental or physical condition is such as to render its instruction 
inexpedient or impracticable. " 

(<0 Where "chUd is destitute of clothing suitable for attending school, 
and the* parent or person having control of such child is unable 
to provide such clothing." , 

6. Educational rfliej’jor children ta pooerty — Any uncared-for and neglected 
children between the ages of 4 and 18 ma^ be committed to.any "tempo- 
rary home" which shall be established in each county for tbh refuge of 
such children. The "temporary home" may place any child, which it Ims 

• received, in private homes, providing the responsible person shall agree 

* In writing to give ^d child, in addition to clothing, maintenance, and 
medical attendance, full opportunity to attend school during the terms 
and hours prescribed by the laws of the State, and' also to give full 
opportunity to attend religioua sorvices and receive Instruction In ^he 
faith of his parents, when that is known. The necessary extra Expense 

» Incurred by any school district in providing school accommodations and 
instructlqn for the inniatos of any "temporary hamo" located therein shall 
be paid by the county. The Stpte board of education may provide books 
and apparatus to be used Wl the education of such children. Any girt 
between 8 and 16 adjudged to be iUprovided for by her parents, or exposed 
to want with none to care for her, may be sent to the State Long Une 
Farm; the said institution shall provide for the education of'tbose com. 
mitted thereto. 


...W an> maiowuMKi. UTiDf cmpioxiDrnt cwtinMUjuid who h» oot comidrtMl tb. elcbth mS. * 
or (be Mjalvrieot, aheU .(tend s mibllo oontlouetlon Mbool ot luch dtjr, tows, or dtetrlot, « gtbw ooo' 
llmu^ iciiool during to aaulveleot coqtm of loatraotton, fornoUiM Ihui 4 bouw Mob wMk is wbool 
XMr, belwren 8 ■. m. ud 8 p. m,; nnlett, uty child nuy b« relumod from MJch rogulxeiMai bv theMoratery 
liiiit of Ibo Btaio boiitl ot #dtutiUoti# ot by loool iobool ouCborittiig ’ ' 


6. oAge of admission — 6-21. 


{Colorado School Lawt, 1998, gee. 988.) 



CONNECTICUT 


— School Lows qf Colorado, 1998. 




40 


LAWS RBLATINO TO COMPU180BT BDUCATION 


4. Agt for admUtion — School offlciala may admit, to aoy school, oidldren over 
5 yean o( age. 

7, Ago for labor permit — 14r-18. 

9> Aftnimum education required for* labor permi^Comptetlon of sixth grade or 
equivalent. (School authorities may require higher qualification.)* 

— Connecii^t School DocYment, 19SS, 

DELAWARE * 

1. CompuUory attendance age — 7-17 (7-16 In Wilmington city). 

2. Minimum aehool term r^uired-r-lfiO days. 

3. Minimum attendance required — Full term. • Children 7-14 raust attend 160 days; 

children over 14 and not having completed eighth grade must attend not 
V less than 100 days. 

4. Exemptione — 

(a) Where satisfactory evidence is furnished to the proper publio^chool 
authorities "that such child is elsewhere receiving regular and 
thorough instruction during said minimum school year" in subjects 
prescribed for the elementary schools, and "in a manner suitable 
to childnsn of the same age and stage of advancement." 

' Provided that written certificate frOm private school shall be 
satisfactory evidence that child is receiving regular and thorough 
instruction in the required studies. ' ' • 

(h) Fouytee*' years of age and completed eighth grade ahd ’"legally 
, qpipleyed." - - - 

(c) Where mental or -physical condition is such os to<vender instruction 

• inexpedient or impractiblc. , 

(<n School ofBcials may excuse, subject tq the rules and regulations of 
^''^tate board of education, "cases of necessity and legal absence." 

6. Educational relief for children in poverlp— The Elizabeth W, Murphy School 
< ' (Inc.), located at Dover, is organized for the purpose of establishing and 

maintaining "a home and school for the education and training of poor and 
dependent white children of Kent County and State of Delaware, who are, 
when received, between the ages of 2 and 10 years." (Lawt of 19BB, ch. 166.) ~ 

6. Age for admiuion — 6-£I. * 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16.' 

8. Afinmum education required for labor permit — Completioq of elementary, 

school course, with exceptions. 

Every school district in which-there reside or arexmployccl 15 or more 
children 12 to 16 ip whom employment’ cert,jficatcs have been granted 
. « shall establish a part-time school, unless excused by State authority. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 

1. CompuiMory attendance age — 7-16. 

2. Afinimum school term required — NinO months. 

8. A# tnimwm cfiendoncs rejuited-— Full term. 

~ •«> ^ 

* Bt«I 7 child between 14 and 10 ytm of age resldlnc tn a city, town, or district tn which public oaotlou- 
itkm ocboola are matnialDodi’biTinf employ man t cortifiente and who has not oompleled the eighth gmda 
or Ibo equivalent, tball atUnd a public coDtlnuatlon school of taicb city. town» or dtotrlot, or other cod- 
ttnuaitofi school during an aquivileot course of InstructlOD, for not lees than 4 ^oura each wwik In aobocl 
ywr, between Ha. m. and 8 p. m.: nnUu, any child may be released from such requlieroent by the aecretary 
or an agent of the fltato board of education, or by loc^ school anthorlUes. 

i All minore uodor 10 must attend an aO-day school or be legally employed. A child between IS and 10 
who has been granted a oertl0c|t^)»leave school to engage In legal employmont shall attend a part time 
•obool (if iuob a school Is lo dlsffl^where minor, retklee or is employed) at least 4 hoars etch week for SO 
mmlkM per yeari whilq so emplq}od; U temporarily tusemploye<l« must attend such part-Ume school 20 boors 

IF . - 


ERIC 


(6) 


W 


(d) 


— ■ —V 

IMB Bftt*ATINO «0 OOHPUt^BY ' BOnCAflOtT 4X' 

^ 1 Bx4mptunu — 

(ay ^^fltlon in privmte or paroohfal whool.‘or private Itotruc 

. d«^ed j^uiv^ent by board of education to the inatruetlon 

given in the public schools. wu 

** ^ *** completed saiiafactorily the eightS 

or eqmvrient may be axouaed by euperintemlenV. provided 
nio^chdd ii aotuaUy, UwfuUy, and regularly employed. ' 
tjcua^ if It ifl found upon examination that any child la “unable 
meot^y or phyalc^y to profit from attendant' at 
^^^however, t^t if auch examination ahow. that aueh chUd may 
tene^ from apeci^iaed InatrucUon adapted to hla needa. be ahaU 
aitead upon such instruction. ” • 

by boMd of 

Ju,T^ a ^ „cu«. by tb. bo.rt; 

(1) lUoita d pupU, In which cue > phyiieUD’Aurtihcate mcy he 
.required. ^ ^ 

- (2) D^tb in JmmMiate family of the pupil. * 

(3) Exoluaion by direction of health office. ' 

' - (4) Subpmna by court of eompetent Juriadiction. 

(6) Detention of pupU by civil authpritiea. 

(6) ObeervMce of church holy daya by communicanta* thereof. 

-(7) Unusual emergency. 

5. Wiicoliew^ re/ie/ /or Mildfc* m jwccrty— None mentioned. 

"u" ““'’“"bu >». ■“/ ontnr Ernt gmde; 1£ f by 

aame date may enter kindergarten. » . • " 

7. Age for labor permil — 14-16. , ' ' 

& Minimum eduealion roquired^ Uxhqr parmti— Eighth gr^do. 

* — By~liaiM and Rules of District of • 

. Columbia Board of Bducaiion, I9t&. 

FLORIDA 

1. Compulsory aitendanes ago — 7-16. 

requirs^toxiT muntha; “few acboola in the SUte ha’ve 

8. Mimmum a Us n da ncs rcfturad--“8ub8Untially“ full term'* 

i. Exemptions — x 

( 4 ) Ai.y .child who has aatlafaotorily completed the eighth grado.or ther 
equivalent acceptable to the county auperlntendent. 

** ^ children 7-9 and more than 3 mUe^ for 

* r / “o free tranaportatlon. " , 

(c) In an approved private achool where record of attendalice 

1648*— 29 4 » 


.1 


t • 




-.»• / .t: 





4Q 


LkWB RBLATDfQ TO OOUPUliSORY > BDIICATlO(r< 



/ 



(•) 

(f) 


(9) 


(h) 

(»■) 


(7) 


'4. Sxemplioiu — Continued. . i 

(d) Provided that>ohikl may be taught by pareui or guanlian or private 
tutor upon written authority from eounty euperintendont. (The 
county superintendent is authorised to grant sucli permission only 
- In eases of necessity.) Person receiving such instruction . must 
report to county school authorities for examination twice each 
^ . year; if such child fails to make satisfactory progress, authority 

for private instruction may be revoked. „ 

Mentally or physically Incapacitated to perform school duties, proof 
of such to be shown sttendsmee oMcer. * 

Any child whose services are necessary for support or assisUuice of 
widowed mother or other dependent shown by affidavit and other 
proof to satisfaction of attendance officer. 

Any oiiiid wh^ peuant or guardian can make satisfactory proof that 
he or she is unable to provide necessary books and clothing, unless 
necessary books and cloibing shall be furnished by other means. 

** Any unusual case acceptable to the attendskice officer.” 

“Occasional nonattendahee * a • amopnting to not more than 
-four days unexcused absence in any school month shall not render 
any parent or gusudian ’’.liable to penalty. 

Any child 14 'properly employed and enrolled in a part-time school 
^ may at the' discretion of board of education be exempted from regular 

*.* school attendance. (Boards must exempt >hoi;p Federal guilds and 
corresponding State fuA'ds are avsdlable for salaries of t^hers of 
< part-time* schools.) 

Bducationat rtli^f for children tn poverty — School boards are “required to 
furnish free of eos^ to any child not over 15 years of age wbuee father or 
mother or either of them is on the roll of the county poor, and any child 
who is.an orphan under the age of 15 years, and wito Is without the-ncrca* 
sary means to procure the same, or who has no brother or other near rela- 
tive who has the Decessary means, or to anjr child, not over said age, whose 
parents are poor, and . indigent or -afflicted, and are tiuanclally unable to 
procure the same for such child, all the school textbooka necessary for the 
Use of the child, upon rt^uisitlon made ttterefor by the teacher of such 
child, accompanied by the ^davit of not less than two reputable 
^ cititens, taxpayers of the county, certifying to such financial condition 
of such child or ita parents, and upon the recommendation of the county 
■upeiintendent.” (Atte, Jill, eh. 8169, sec. /.) 

Pension ^nted to depandent mothers on condition that their children 
of school age are kept in school. (Ads of 1919, eh. 79t0.) 

6. Age for admiation — 6-21. ‘ 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. . . * 

8. iftnmum idueaiion rsfutred/or labor permfi— ‘Read and write, proficiency In- 

. eertaio subjects required. * ' 

— School Lows of Florida, 1995, • 


6 . 




OBOBGU 

1. OompuUoryattmdaneeago—Sr-lb. 

2. Minimum echool term required — Six months. 
8. Iftntmum oMsndance required — Six months. 


.t) • 


43 


id) 


(«) 


^WB RBLATDfO TO C01IP8L80RT XOUCATlO^ 43 

# emjHiona — * 

la) Completion of seventh grade. , . ' - 

- W TeraiwrMly ixopsed where, *for good reaMns, the auffidenoy of which 
shall be determined by local board of education." (Boards In 
granting excuses to children in farming district*, are authorised to 

r ^ •BricuHural labor'and need of such labor.) 

(c) attendance at ‘‘spme other school giving instruction In ordinary 
branches of English education."* • - 

May be temporarily excused by principal or teacher in charge "liecause 

of bad weather, sickiiess, death in the child’s family, or other reason- 
able cauae/ 

Promdfd, That no* guardian shall be compdletl to^nd such child or 
children to school out. of any other than tlie funds belonging to the 
« Pi • '*'^rd.s.’’ (Oo. Code, J9t8, see. iBSt (199).) 

5. EductUtonahreUeJ for children in shall be the duty of anydtiieir ‘ 

of the State to report to any cXrt any child between *4 and i‘4 a*o is found 
lagging, pr^hpmeleae and without parental care, or iri the hands of immoral.* 

ewmine the facts and may order such child to 
If IJf* J® the Georgia Industrial Home or other similar undenomina- 

tionallnstltutlon Iq the State, until such child has'altained 16 yeare of * 
ago No dependent or uncared-for child shaU be indentu^d for employ- 
ment unless the Indenture shall insure to the child so bound "such traai 
iftent. eduction, or Instruction as shall be suitable and useful to its situa- 

” mt, S889.) 

• ch-rdren?' f- textbooks to indigent . 

6. Age for admietion — 6-18.- ^ ' 

7. Age for labor permit — 14. 

8, Minium edaeation required for labor perm./— Ability to read and write 
simple sentences. 




’—Georgia School Code. 


IDAHO 


It Comjntleory oltendance age — 8-18. 

2. Minimum school term reyutred^^-Seven months. 

3. Minimum odendanee required — Full term. 

4. Exemptions — • • ' * * .* , 

" ''W"* 

“ approved private or parochial 

(e) Any child 16 whose help Is necessary for Its own or parents’ support 

Z . \ ^ best interest 

‘ frfl ^ If rolieved from the provision of this article." 

id) Where it Is chown that "child’s bodily or mental condition does not 
penult Ite atteDdanoe at school/* . % 

f*’’?'’*"/'* poeerly-Kay Incorporated benevolent or 
charitable society having for its object the receiving, aldibg, caring foV * 
and improving the condition of "‘orphan, homeless. neglecuS, 

S^te,. shall have authority to receive, control, train 
^ucate^ care for cueh children under 1$ yeare of Me eunendAnwf 
to. said Institutioii. (Idahd Compiled Slatotee, taUf,. ch. ipo.) 


ERIC 




■f 






r^‘ 



u 


LAIVS miLATINtl .lO COMFUIAORT BDUCATIOIf ' 



• > 


6. Age for admi$ii<m — 0-^1. 

7. Age for labor permit-Al^l^- * 

8. Minimum education 'r«if\fired for labor permit — ProBcienoy In oertain aab> » 

'jeota^ no gride specified. 

* — School Law of Idakg, I9tt. 

ILLINOIS 

1, ^^ompuUary attendance age — 7-lB (until 18 ^here continuation schools are 

established — see Part-Time_ Education, p. 8). 

3. Hinimusi tchool term required — Seven months. • , 

8. Aflntmum aUejtddnpe required — Full term* 

4 . Bxemptione — 

(a) Inatniction for adike period in each and every year in the elementary., 
branches by a competent teacher, such instruction to be^givan in th« 
English language. ‘ ^ ^ 

(h) •Instruct ion fur a likfi period In the elementary branches in a private or 
4 ^ parochial school. t ^ 

(e) Where ehild's ptyysioal or mental condition renders his or her attend* 

, ‘ ancd^mpracticable or inefpedient. . ' * ^ i' . 

id) Ekoused for teiqpomry absence for cause by the principal or teMher 
• of school whfch'child attends. v ' . ' i*“ 

(c) Children over 14 years of age who are neoessarily and lawfully employed^ 

. during hours when pubUe school is in session may 'be excused from 

, attendance at school by couhty or city superintendent on the recom* 
mendation of board of educaUon of district in which such’ children 
reside. 

if) 'Any child from 12 to 1^ while attending confirmation flnssra conducted 
not less than five months in year. 

fi. Bducaiumal relief for children in poverty — ‘‘To purchase^at the expense of the 
district, a suiQcient number of textbooks used to npply children whose 
parents are unable to buy them. Such textbooks sball be loaned only, 
and the 'directors shall require the teacher to see that they are properly 
tared for and returned at the end of each term of school." — (lUinoit 
Sehool^Law/ t08&„tee.flI4.) ^ 

6. Age for admiedton — 6 - 21 . * . - - 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. - . - / ' 

8. Afinmum education required for labor permit — Completion of sixth grade. 

\ — ScAcof Lawe of Iliinoie, 19t6. • 

INDIANA 

4 • , 

. 1 . Compulsory edtendance age — 7 - 16 . • 

2. Afinimum school term re^utrsd — Six months. "The practice is eight months.” 

$. ilfintmtim attendance required — Full term. ~ 

. 4 . &emptions — 

(a) ^y child 14 years of age and employed on employment certificate, 
which can not be obtsdnqd until completion of eighth grade. Any 
child so exempted must return to school within five days after the 
termination of the#employment for which oroployment certificate 
was issued. 

' (fi) Attendance, fol’ similar, time at ‘'other school ti^ught in the English' 

« Uioguage which is open to the inspection of local and State attendance 

and echool ofiScen." , < 

(e) "Any child fouhd iflentally or physically' unfit for school attendance.” 

„ (d) Upon request fif parent, employment certificate issuing officer may 

' Issue temporary permits for causes other than employment. 



LAWS RBLAflNO TO. CX)lfPULBOETt'l}DUCAT|OIf 


A Edueatiofua ^ief for children in powrt|r~Tf oAj pareni pianliui bavini 

?‘*** Buffldent means to furnUh'such chUd 

with ^ks school supplies, and cloth^ neoessdry to attend school, 
then the school corporation wherein such chUd resides shall furbish temi 
porary aid for such purpose, which aid shaU be allowed and repaid to such 
A wr^ration by the township overseer of the poor in the manner provided 
by Uw for thi relief of the poor upon showing of itemised statement of 
such temporary aid . — (School Lawe of Indiana ate. 70#.) 

#. i1#e/or odmusioa— 6-21. 

l.yge for labor permil— 14-16; granted nply when the labor of the child is 
n<^essary for the support of himself or his immediate family. 

8. Minii^m education r^uiredfor labor p^m^— Completion of eighth grade. 

of Indiana Relating to Pub^ School SvaUm, I9tS. •. 


IOWA : 

1. CompvUorj^ aUendanee age — 7-16.,... 

2. Afinimum tchool term reguired — 32 weeks. " 

8. Afiniroom aU^n^nce required— 2i consecutive school weeks ,esfch schoofyeai., 

■' require attendance for fuU>time when school is ih-scMion. 

Pert-Time Education,'’'p. 8 .) ' | ‘ 

A Sxempiio ^ — ^ « *• 

• (a) Those who have completed the eighth grade or whose .education 

qvaliRcations are equivalent. ' 

,, (6) Those who are over 14 and are regularly employed. 

(c) "Anyone who is excused for sufficient reason by judge of any court of 

record." • ^ 

(d) "While attending religious services or receiving reUgious instruction 
(s) Receiving instruction in approved private school /or like period, or 

f instruction by a competent teacher elsewhere than at school. 

• (/) Any child physically dr mentally unable to attend school. Deaf and 

blind must attend State institution for such persons. 

(#) If school U more than 2 miles from child’s home, unless free transpor- 
tation is furnished. 

I Educational rdief for children in poperty— Any Institution mainUined for tbg 
purpose of caring for, placing out for adoption, or otherwise improving the 
condition of unfortunate children, may receive neglected, dependent, or 
delinquent children voluntarily surrendered to such institution or committed 
theleto from the juvenile court. All children in such Institution over 7 
. and under 14 years of age shill be kept in public school during school 
, ^ session, or in some parochial school for a Uke period. Children who are 

neglected or deMndcnt and not conAuitted as above indicated may be 
cor^itted or WlunUrUy received either In the soldiers’ orphans’ home, 
or in the Slate juvenile home, both of whiqh provide education for its * 

. lomatee. , (Code of Iowa, cha. 180, I8S, 184, 186 .) ♦ ‘ 

6. Age for odmisston— 6-21; 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Minimum educofton required for tabor permif— K^qropletion of "the course of 

study prescribed for the elementary^schools by the SUte boaiy of educa- 
, tion." 



46 


um bblatino to coiomsoBT 


KANSAS 


■OtrCATION 

% 




Vf 


1. CompuUorjt aUtndance o(;*-*-7>‘16. 

2. Afimmum ichool Urm requind — Eight tDontha. 

8. Minimum aOmdance required — Full term. 

A Bsemjitiene — 

(а) Completion of eighth grade. 

(б) Attendance in private, denominational, or parochial school taught by 
competent inatructor for a term equal to that of the public school, 
provided that all instruction be given (h the Engiiaii langungc. * 

(e) Any child who is physically or luentaljy’ incapacitated for the work of 
tbe^conimon scboola, wlieu ouch condition ia aliown by certi&cate of 
• physician. 

(d) Attendance not required where access to school is dangerous, (irii- 
'' luime V'. Paraone, 79 K f0B-i07.) 

Bducaiional relief for children in porerly — When any child under t6 shall be, 
found to be (Jependent or neglected, the Juvenile court may commit sudi 
child to the care of some suitable institution, or of some reputable citlsea 
of good moral character, or some training school or industrial school, or 
some association willing to receive it, or in soroohospital if child’s health 
requires it. (Lav/a of 1905, ck. 190, aee. 7.). ^tfl^^ndent and delinquen' 
children who are inmates of an,v county "detention home^' "shall be 
• placed in the public schools where possible, or, if it be so determined, ths 
commlBaioners may provide for serrate instruction within the home " 
(Lotos of 1907, ch. ItJ, ate. 8; rer. aeh. lau/. 19SS.) 

6. Age for odmwston— A-21 ^21 in cities of second class). 

7. Ajs/or lohcr pertni^l4-l6. 

8. Aftnimum educalMn rsfuired/or labor permit — Cotnpletfon of elementary school 

eourie. 

* — Reviaed School Lawa qf Kanaoa, l9iS. 

4 

KBNTDCKT 

' 1. Compultary attendance age — ^7-16. 

2. Afirumum aehool term required — Seven months. , . * 

3. Af irumum lotterulanee rs^uirsd — Fall term. 

A ExmpHona — ’ ' , 

(a) Completion of *4he fuH course of instruction offered by the pubHe 
schools of the district where he {child] resides. ’’ 

^ (S) Attendance regularly at private or parochial school for a period each 

year equal to the term of the public school when teachers of such 
school have' been approved by State board of education and when 
reports of attendance of all children in such schools are submittedio 
the manner required of common schools. 

(e) Any child who is physically or mentally unfit for school attendance as 

certified by public health officer. ' ' 

(dO Any child 14 and lawfully employed. ’ , * 


LAWS RBLATINO 70 COlfPIT^Rr BDUCATIOIf 


I S. Educoitayl rtite/ for ehtUren in povertff-^' It ahall be .the duty of eecb^ eoubty 
■ Buperintendent, before the opening of the Khctnls each j-enr, •••»)» 

^ personal obsenation or from trusteeB and toachem and otherwise to 
aaoeriain the nnml)cr and cost of iextbooka • • a nroded bv iha 

- todl„n, . . . th. ,„r,h,„«.i„o.n.mr„«Uu 

and Hhall rci>ort to the county jiJdpp? the number and kind needed, when 
the county judge shall purchase the books and pny for thorn by an allowance 
m^e by the fiscal court of the county;" provided the coat ahall not exceed 
fiOO per anniUD. (Kentwky Stat.,'tet. 440\) 
t i1irc/or odmim'im — 6-18. 

1. Agt for Uibor permit — 14-16. '' 

B. Minimum education required for labor permii — Completion of fifth* grade. 

.“"Cownion School Lave of Kentucky, i9tt. 

LOUISIANA 

1. CompuUory attendance aye — 7-14. 

2. .t/inimiisi eeho^ term required~— Seven months. * * * 

3. If ififtwMm attendance r^uired — 140 days; entire seesion if leas than 140 dan. 

A Exemtdioy — (The parish school board to be solo judge iu all cases.) ' 

(а) Completion of elementary course of study. 

(б) "Children mentally or physically incapacitated to perform saboul 
duties." 

• W Chlldrou living more than milca from a school of suitable gr^e 

” - whom free tniiaportatlon ia not furnished by the scIimI 

board." 

whom adequate school facilities have not been provided." 
(•) Children whose services are needed to support widowed mothers 'I 
5. Educational relief for children in pM*cr/y— Parish school boards shaU have 
. authority to furnish textbooks free of charge. (Act No. 100 I92t.) 

4. Age fot admietion — 6-18. ^ * 

T. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Minimum education required for labor permit — No provision. 

{Public School Lave of Louieiana, iStSA 
• \ 

MAINE 

VfCompuUory atlenddnee age. — 7-17. 

t Minimum school term' required. —Seven and one-half months. 

I. 4/intmum attendance required . — Full term, 
t Exemptions — 

(a) Sixteen yoara of age and can read and write legibly simple senteDces 
in English language. • . 

Fifteen years of age and has- completed the eighth griufe. 

Attendance at private school for a like period of tiiho the public 
Bqhool ia in session and whose course of study and methods of 
instruction have been approved by the State su{^otendent of 
sc^ipola. ‘ * 

Any ciilld whose physical or mental condition makek it "inexpedient” 
for him to attend. 

Fifteen years of age.and haa permit to work during school houn. 


ib) 

(c) 


(•) 


(/) May be excused for necessary absence. 


O 

ERIC 


■•I,. . 




4S 


L1W8 RBL4TIN0 TO OOMPOLBOBT BDOCATIOM 


N 


ft. Kdwmtional rtKtf for ehildrm in pomfy. — Upon complaint In writing, algnol 
bjr proper agirnt, or by three or mors citiiens of niiy town, that any child 
ia willfully neglected by ita parenta, or by the willful failure of auch parrnU 
. "ia not provided with aultahio food, clothing, or the privilege of edttoa> 
tlon • a a itnd praying that auitable and proper proviiuun olky ha 
made for tlib rare, custody, support, and education of the child," the 
magiatrate or judge to whom auch 'complaint ia made ahali Uaue a n a^ 
rant for trial of such child. "If upon hearing it shah ap|>car that any 
material adrgntiona of aaid complaint are true, the court tiuy order aaid 
child into the care and cuatody of any auttablo person or any duly ineoc> 
porated children's inatitutAui or child welfare organisation consenliog to 
receive aamo, whoae atanriarda of care and maintonanee arc approved by 
the State, board or into the cuatod^v of the State Itoard itjH.'lf." Whea 
any Murt ahali place an,v negleetcil child under the control of a private 
persoL, it a'lmll first take a l>ood from auch portion, payable to the town 
where the child rualdca, to Inauro that auch iieraon "shall humanely treat 
and properly auppoft, clothe, and educate the cj)dd, and in case ot non* 
performance of said bond, a suit may be commenced thereon." 

If any child ia ordered into the cuatody of thr State iKwrd or If plated 
with a private i>«isoti who failed tn conform to his agrcemeltt, aaid board 
ahali provide for its maintenance and education. "At the request of iha 
parenta or next friend of any dc|>endeut child under 16 years of age who 
la without parent or grandparent of suWcierit ability, or without othw, 
^ relalivea able and willing to provide for its care, aaid request Being ap- 
proved by the munici|>al board of the city or town whore the child b 
domiciled or by any duly Incori^Qratcd chUdreh'a hustitution or organiia* 

• _ tion, the State board may make similar provision, without iuterventioa 
of court, for the cere of auch child." (Lau'o of Afeins, 1919, cA. f70.) 
ft. Agt for admirnon — ft-21.. 

7. Ago for l<d>or pcrmi/ir— 15; unless mentally unable to’ make reasonable pro^ 

TOM in school, in which case work permit may lie granted at H for non- 
haaardoua occupations. 

8. Afiniaium edwation required for tabor permit — Completion of eighth grads 

or equivalent. ReUtting lo Public Schoolr, i9tS, 

MARYLAND 

1. Cotnpuiaory attondanco ago — 7—17 (6 to Ift for deaf and blind children), 

2. Minimum icSool torn requirtd~lSO actual days for white, 8 montha f« 
" colored. 

3. Iftnfmuwi diiandanes Vegutrsd — Pull term. 

4. Exemptions — Jf 

• (o) Fifteen years of age and completed the elemontaay eshool eourse. 

(6) Regular and thorough instruction elsewhere during the same period 
v.aod in the aame studies usually required in public school, untO 
completion of equivalent to elementary school course. ‘ 

(c) Where physical or mental coadition, renders instruotion inexpedlsBi 

or Impracticable. • ' 

(d) May bb excused for "necessary and legal abse 
(t) Only 100 days’ attendance required If between 1 

' and regtdarly and lawfully employed to labor 
’ If not BO^ployed, fuU-tenn attendance req< 

(/) Only 100 days’ attendance required if between 16 ^nd 17 years of ap 
and regularly autd lawfully employed to labor *ai home or on fans 
tad nq|l completed elementary school oourse; lf| not so employed, 

« full-term attendanoe required. 


^and 15 years of sp 
kt home or on fens; 


itkWS RBLATINO TO COUlPlJIiSOBT BDtTCATfON 


T 


40 


ERIC 


1 ffumptiofu — Continued. 

. ^ it) W'here weather is dansoroue to eaTely at chUd *beD in tnnait to and 
4 ^ from echooL 

BalUmope, 14 yean of and “fegulariy and UwfuUy emplovad/' 
t Sdueatwhal Mtef for children in poerrfv— S^ate relief may be-giMl^ to 

dependent mother ‘'unable to eupport and oducato her 
childly jp^on* aa ahe "ia properiy oaring for her chtidren; Uiat they 
^ ai^dfntly cloth and fed; thM they attend aohool regularly (pro- 
^ng auch children are of proper, achool age and phvaicaTly able to 

« ttlfthl ^ every- two 

♦kT^w®**^** ;M'-enilfc eauaea, whenever It is shown 

t the parent or guardian of any child ia ucht or unable or unwilling 
to care for pre^-ct, train, educate, or discipline said child, mev oHer 
the said chUd Inlo the custody of some agency, or some auitable Institu- 
tion or^nued for the care 9 f children, until it becomes 21; a6d tlie agency 
. or lnrtilutio;i receiving the aaid child ‘'aliaU exereise pfoper care fot the 
whooling and training of jiuch child." (ArL M, An. Cod* of Atd.) 

Ago for admittion — 0-20. , 

A^e for labor ^ 

required for labor ptrmii—ln Baltimore, ooropletlon of 
fifth grade; outside of Baltimore completion of seventh grade required. 

• — htaryland Public School Lava, 19tt. 

MASSACHUSETTS 

t. Compuloy aKsndaare op#-7-16. (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

I Mitumum Khool isHn raguired— 100 da>a of elementary; 180 days high aohool 
actually in aeasion. 

i A/iaiMuni aUendanco refutred— Full term. 

4. Bzemptiont — 

(o) Fourtwn yean of a|e and meets requirements tor completion of 
sixth grade, and is lawfully and n'gtilariy employed. 

Town superintendent may ewtjsc child 14 years of age for ^fitaiilc 
employment at home. 

W^ere physical or mental condition is auch as to render attendance 
inexpedient or impracticable. > 

Otherwire Instructed in a manner approved in advance by the supei^ 
tntendent qj the school committee; instruction may bo in urivatc 
achool ao approved. 

(a) Superintendent, or toaclieni authorized , by him oy by the school 
committee, may excuse cases of qecessary absence for other causoa 
not exceeding 7 day ac^iuna ttr 1'4 half-day seaaioqa in any period 

^ Of 6 iDOotha. 

KSdur^io^uU rdief for children in pocerty-** The. department of public wdfare 
shaa make aU necessary provision for the care and inaintenpnoc of poor 

iSfsf 1 ^ ^ “•*^8 iimuedU^gi 

relief and bovlhg no lawful i«tllements fn the Commonwealth." 

o, , Liv ^ of M<ua.,t9it,ch.U9, Moc.tr.) 

SUto aW mv be given to raothere of "dependent children under the 

•ohool as required-' by law, who ahaU have resided in the Bute not leas 
than three yearn. (Acla, I9tt, ek 576.) u neaa 

A Age for admitaion — Any age. o ' 

Ago for labor pefmil — 14-16. ' • ^ ' 

«. Minimum' aducaHon required for labor permd— Oompletton of Sgih greda. 


(h) 

(e) 

(«0 


' ^ . 


50 


liAWB ' BILATINO TO 1 (X»f PUXBOBT EDUCATION 

4 

MICHIGAN 



j). 


4. 


(9) 


1. C&fnT^hory attendance oje— 7-16: (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

2. Jlftnimum tchool tern required — Seven months. 

Minimum aUendarkce required— Fall term; three-fourtha of term if school h 

maintained entire year. ’ 

Stem plione~~- 

(a) Children in nonhigh-achool dlstricta who have completed the eighth 
grade or who are entitled to eighth-grade diploma; if in high-school 
district, they, roust attend school until 10, unless ailthorised to 
leave by local authorities. 

(Bt) Receiving regular instruction Jn private or parocliial school In branches 
taught in public 'School 

(<) Children under 9 years ofage and who do not live within 2J^ miles by 
nearest traveled road of some public school, unless' free tran.spor- 
tation is furnished. 

(d) Any, child who is rrj^Iarly employed as a page or messenger in either 
branch*of the legislature. 

(«) Any child who is physically unable to attend school. 

(J) Any child over 14 years of age who has completed the sixth grade and 
whose services are essential to the support of his parents may be 
excused by local school authorities, providing the work the child is 
to do does not require a labor permit; or if the child is 16 years of 
age and is granted a labor permits • • 

Children 12 to 14 whi^attendlng at coq0rmation classes, which attend- 
^ ance is not to exceed five months in any year. 

^ 0. EdueoHonal relief for children in poverty— -^Tho district board may purchase 
At the expense of the district such tcMOoks as may be necessary for the 
use of children when parents are not able to furnish the same, and they 
shall include the amount of such purchase in the report to the township 
clerk or clerks, to be levied in like manner as other district taxes,” {588S 
Michiqan Slat.) {General School Late, 1996.) 

6. Age for admieaion — 6-20, 

T. Age for labor permit — 15-16. , 

8. Minimum education required for labor permit— Completion of sixth grade. 

• • 

. MINNESOTA 

1. Compulsory attendance age — 8-10. 

2. A^tnimum school term required — Seven months. 

8. Minimum attendance required— Fall term; provided that no child shall be 
required to attend more than 10 months. ^ 

4. Bxempliong — 

(a) Any child who has completed the eighth gradev \ 

,(6) Child attending private or dther scHool for similar period, provided 
ail the common branches are taught in the English language by 
. teacher or teachers qualified. 

(e) District board of education .may>exouse any child whose bodily or 
mental eonditlon la such as to prevent attendance at school with 
profit. 

(d) May be excuBfid ndinnore than three hours per week to attend religious 
Instruction^ 


/•i A* •;> 






* . * •> 
i I 


-LA'WB- RBLATINQ TO 'C01fPt7!^0BY ‘ 8 &OCATION 


ifil 

A Bxtmpliont — Continued. • ^ * . 

(«) ^'That there is nft publio oohool within reaaonable dietanee of bit 
[child's] residence, or that conditions of weather and travel make it 
Impoflsible for the child to attend; provided, first, that any child 14 
^ years of age or over, whose help may be required in any permitted 

j occupation in or about the home of his parent ^or guardian may be 

excused from attendance fcietwecn April 1 *an<^ November 1 in any 
year; but this proviso shall not apply to any city of the first and 
second class; provided, second, that nothing in this act shall be con- 
strued to prevent a child from being absent from school on such daya 
as said child attends upon instruction according to the ordinances of 
" some church ” 

5. Educational relief for children in porerly — Every school board of any district 

sliall investigate or cause to be investigated all doses reported to it or 
coming to its knowledge of any child within its jurisdiction required by law 
to attend school that it is claimed to be unable to do so by reason of tlje 
fact that the services of such child are required for its support or to assist 
in the ‘support or care of others legally entitled to its services. When 
the board of education sliall report to the county auditor of the county ' 
in which the school district is situated the facts as ascertained by them 
and that such relief is necessary, thereupon the county board may, after 
investigation, furnish such relief^ will enable the child to attend school 
during the entire school year, such relief to be furnished by such county 
• board from the poor fund of the county, and the board of education of the 
school district shall furnish for the use of such child the necessary text- 
books free of charge. {Laws of 1921 chap. ch. 429.) 

6. Age far admiesion — 6-21; school boards may exclude children under 6. 

7. A ge /or fafror permits— ^4-16. 

8. Minimum education required for labor permits— Completion of commpn-school 

course or its equivalent In private school. 

, — Lows of Minneeota ftefbting to the 

Public Schod Syatem, 1923. 

MISSISSIPPI 

1. CompuUory attendance age — 7-16. 'if ' ' * 

2. Minimum echool term required — Four months. 

3. Minimum aUendance required — 80 days. 

4. Ezemptione — 

. (o) Completion of grammar-school course or equivalent. 

(6) Instruction in "private, denominational, or parochial day school by 
‘ competent instructor for like period.” * 

(cj Where there are “Ho schools of suitable grade within 2^ miles, by 
the nearest traveled road, • • ♦ unless free transportation is 
furnished.” 

‘ (d) That "the trustees of any school, with the approval of the county 

^ Buperintondent of education, shall have the authority in the exercise 

of their discretion to permit the temporary absence of children /roQi 
school • • ♦ In extreme cases of emergency.” '* 

(s) All children who are mentally and jBysIcally Incapacitated for school 
.work. ^ " ' ’ • 

(/) “All counties that have heretofore voted from undef the provisions 
of the compulsory school law shall be ekempt from the ilfovisions ’ 

Of this chapter.” Th^ counties are Franklin, Jefferson, Claiborne, 
and Wilkinson. 

a * 


. • 



MWB RBI 4 ATINO TO COMPU180BY BimCATIOK 



5 . Educational rtiUJ for children in poverty — If any parent or guardian ahows |g ' 
the auperihtendent or principal that he ia unable to furnish bis child with 
hooka for attending school, said superintendent or principal, shall at onoc, 
If he decides the case has merit, report in writing the facts to the county 
superintendent of education, who shall make a thorough investigation, and 
if.be finddf^uch claims to be true, ho shall in his discretion present tbs 
■case to tBe board of supervisors, who are authorised and instructed (« I 
provide suo^ books as naay be necessary to equip such child for attend- 
ance at school. 

ft. Age for admietion — 6-21. /\ , 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Minimum education required for labor permit — None mentioned. 


MISSOURI 

1. Compuleory aUendance age— 7-16. (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

2. Aftnimum school term required — Eight months. 

8. Minimum aUendance required — Full term. 

4 . Exemptions — 

(o) Completion of common-school course or equivalent and hu received 
a certificate of graduation therefrom. 

(6) Receiving instruction in a private, parochial, or parish school for like 
period, or regular daily instruction at home as approved by a court 
, of competent jurisdiction. . 

(e) Any child who is mentally or physically Incapacitated to attend 
school. 

(d) Any child who is 14 years of age and is regularly and lawfully engaged 
for at least six hours each day in some useful employment or service. 

5. Educational relief for children in poverty— The following children, whether rcsi- 

Went or nonresident, if they are unable to pay tuition shall have the priv- 
Dcge of attending school in any district in the State: Orphan children, 
children bound as apprentices, children with only onp parent living, and 
children whose parents do not contribute to their support. {HISS Rev. 
Slot. Missouri, 1919.) School boards may purchase necessary books for 
• indigent pupils. (Rev. Slat. 1919, 11S86.) 

6. Age for admission — 6-20. 

7. Age fpr labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Afinimum education required for labor permit — None mentioned. 

— Missouri Revised School Laws, I9iS. ■ 

MONTANA 

1. Com^lsory attendance age— 8-16. (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

2. Minimum school term required— Niue months in first and second class dis- 

tricts; four montlis in third class districts. ’ (the constitution requires 
six months of school in any district before that district can qualify for a 
share in the apportionment of State school funds.) 

3. Minimum attendance required — Full term. 

4. Exemptions^ 

(а) Children 14 years of age or over who have completed the eighth grade 

(б) Children 14 years of age whose wages are necessary to the support of 
the family. 

(e). Attending for a like period at a private or parochial school, or receiving 
, instruotlon at home in required branches by ooiqpetent teacher. 





h^yr^ KpiipASU)j^ 


«9 


A. £x#ffipfu>n^^~GoDtiQU6d. 

(<^ Any. child wboce bodilj or m cD t ftl coodition docs not persUt nttood* 

MCO. , , 

(e) If in the judgment of the county aUpcrintendent the diatenoe of the 
school maJces attendance an undue hardship. 

6. Educaiinol relief for children in poverty — If any child is unable to attend 

school because absolutely required to work to support itself or others 
legally entitled to its services, the truant officer shall report the 'case 
to authorities charged with the relief of the poor, who shall afford such 
'relief as will enable thw child to attend school the required time each year. 
If the child or its parents refuse or neglect to Uke advantage of the 
provisions thus made, such child shall be committed to the industHal 
school. In case where relief, Including books, medibaf aid,> and clothing 
is necessary, it shall be the duty of the board of trustees to furnish such 
aid free of charge. The said. board of trustees may furnish any further 
relief it may deem necessary. The reUef given la to be paid from the gen- 
etal fund of the school district. {School Lawe of Montane^ tee. 1108.) 
fl. Aye for odmittion — 6-21. . ’ 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Aftmmum education required for labor permtl— Completion of eighth grade, 

but if it Is shown that the wages of such child are necessary to the support 
of the family of such child, the principal or superintendent of schools may 
upon production of satisfactory evidence of such necessity issue a certlfl- 
cate permitting employment of such child even though the child may not 
have completed the eighth grade. 

— ffcAool Lotra of Uoniano, 19B1-M, 
NEBRASKA ^ 

1. CompuUory attendance age~^7-l6. (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

2. Aftntmum tchool term required — Six months in districts with less than 10 

pupilsi nine months in districts with 10 or more pupils. i 

3. JIftnimum attendance required — Six months; in city and metropolitan city 

school districts full-term attendance is required.* 

4. Exemptions — * 

(а) Any chUd who has graduated from high school, or If no high school 

is maintained In the district, has graduated from the school main- 
tained in the district or from a school of equal grade. 

(б) Regular attendance at an approved private, denominational, or 

parochial day school for a like period. 

(e) Any child physioaUy or mentally IncapaeiUted for the work done hi 
school. 

(d) Any child 14 years of age whose services are necessary for bis own 
support or the support of others actually dependent on him , pro- 
, . vided such child has completed the eighth grade. • 

8. Educational relief for children in poverty— A dependent child may be admitted 
. to the Nebraska Home for Dependent Children, provided that the parent 
or guardian of such child is unable to pay the cost of* its care and main- 
tenanee; such cost shall have been met or provided for by the county 
board of the county wherein such child restdee. An appropriation is made 
from the general fund of the State for the education in the pobllo schools 
of the children in the custody of the said State home. All children under 
16 In thoioustody of the State home *h*ii attend aobooL u** !*• 

fl. Age for admieeiotv— 1^21. 


t 


ERIC 




• r 




Sf 




tiAW^ HfcLAtlKd f6 thijtAmU 




7\Ag€ for lohor ptrmiu — 14-16. k 

8. Wifimum eduoaiion required for labor permiio—Comphtlon of eighth grade 
\ or literacy in English plus attendance at evening or part-time echool. 
(See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

• —School Latpt of NArtuka, J9S6-M. 


1 . 

2 , 

3. 

4. 


NE?AI>A 

# - ' 

CompuUoT^ attendance age — 7-18. •• 

Minimum §eh^ term required — Six months; eight mootbs if funds permit. 
Af intmum attendance re^utred— Pull term. 

Ecemptione — 


(o> 

(h) 


id) 


6 . 

7. 

8 . 


1 . 

2 . 

8 . 

4. 


Completed the elemeotaryHind hi^-sohool coutaet^> 

Any child whose bodily or mental condition or attitude is such as to 
prevent or render Inadvisable attendance at school? 

(e) Any child who is receiving under private or public tutelage, at lionie 
or in school, equivalent instruction approved by school trustees. 
Any child 14 years of age or more who must labor for its own or its' 
parents’ support. 

(s) Where the deputy supermtendent' shall determine that a child’s 
residence is located at such distance from public school as to render 
attendance impracticable or unsafe. 

(/) Any “student" between 14 and 18 years of age who has completed the 
eighth grade may be excused from full-time school Attendance and 
be permitted to enter proper employment or apprenticeship, by 
authority of the board of trustees. (See Part-Time Education, 

- p.8.) 

Bducational relief for children in pooertg — 'The children of the State orphans' 
home shall be entitled tp attend the Carson City public school and to 
receive therein the full attention, prbtection, and instruction accorded 
to any other children. The board of directors of the State grphans’ home 
. shall furnish the children of the home who are attending school all toxt- 
hpoks, supplementary books, and necessary school supplies, and also a 
suffieier t supply of proper library books. 

Age for adm ieeion — Any age. 

Age for labo • permit — 14-18. 

Minimum mucoftim required for labor permit— Completion of elementary 
school course. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE 

Compuleory attendance age— 8 16. (See Part-Time Education, p. 8.) 

Minimum eehool term required — ^ine months. 

Aftfitmum attendance required — Pull term. 

Bxiemptione — • 

(o) Any child more than 14 years of age who has completed the elementary 
school course. 

(6) Any child who han attended an approved private school for period 
• equal to that of public school. 

'(e) Where “physical or mental condition is such as to prevent his attend- .. 

anoe or to make it undesirable.’’ ’ 

(<l) May be excused for part of session on stated days to receive instruction 
in nlosio. 

(•) Fourteen yean of age and excused by State superintendent '*fbr such 
period as seems best for the interest of ths dilld “ onf ground that his 
“welfare" will Jbe bestjerv^ by withdrawal from school. 


IMWB BSKAnNO TO OO^FULSOBT/ IDUOATION 


•55 


S. Bduc^tonal rtli«f for ekOdr 0 n in poveHy— It shaU be the du^ of oyeneerB of 
the poor and county oommiadonera, aa aoon aa praoticable, to find pei^ 
manent hooMe for U 1 orphan minora, and to contraota for their 
education and aupport during minority. The overaeera of the poor for 
any town, or the co^y oommiasioners forany county, mny send to any 
orphans' home in State or other institution devoted to or suitable for the 
> care, protection, and education of children, upon such terms aa may be 
agreed upon, any child who is not employed in lawful busineea, and whose 
parents are unable or neglect to maintain the same. 7 

8. Age for admittion — fi-21. 

7. Age for labor perfnite — 14-16. ^ 

8 . Afinimum eduealion required for labor permits— Read and write simple sen- 

tences in English. ’ ‘ * 

NEW JERSEY ‘ 

« I 

» 

1 . Cotfrpiileory aUendanee ago — 7-16. 

2 . * Mintmun eehool term ref utVsd— 'Nine months. 

3. Afinimum attendance rsfuirsd— Full term. / 

4. Bxemptinna — 

(а) Where a child receives equivalent instruction elsewhere than at sdiool 

( б ) Any child who is above 14 and has completed a course of study equiva- 

lent to five yearly grades, and has been granted an age and schooling 
certificate and is regularly and lawfully employed In some useful 
occupation. (See Part-Time Eduction, p. 8 .) 

(c) Where it is shown that the mental or bodily condition of the child is 
" such as to prevent attendance at school. 

6 . Bdueational relief for children in $overty-^Any school district may maintain a 
special school of instruction for the purpose of restraining and Instrueting 
dependent and delinquent children under 16 years of' age. When such 
^ schools are esUblishod, they are a part of the public school system and - 
shall receive, restrain, and instruct dependent and delinquent children. 
(New Jertey School Law, lOti, eece. 467 ani 468.) ' 

Age for admieeUm — 5-20. . ' ' ' , 

Age for labor •permila — 14-16. 

Minimum education required for labdr permit — Read and ^ite and completion 
of a course of study ^ulvalent to five yearly grades, and have 130 days 
school attendance during the 12 months imm^iately preceding appUoation. 

NEiy MEXICO 

1. Compuleory attendance Ofs^6-16. 

2 . ''Minimum eehool term required — Seven months. * 

3. Aftntmpm attendance r«f uired— Full tenb. • 

4. BxempHone — 

(a) Child attending approved private or denopilnafional school for a like 
period. 

Any child residing more than 3 miles from publin school and no free 
transportation furnished. 

Any child physically or mentally, unfit. 

Any child 14 and excused by issuance of employment ceHificate.’ 


(ft) 

(e) 

(d) 


•Pvt-Utn*. school attendsDn: The tow asama to tinply (not tipiMsIy sUtod) that where part-ttnis 
Hhooto sro provided, ohlldiw between M and IS to whom employment otitUloatea have tiaen laaed shall 
attend a pert-time school S houra per week, 180 houn per year, between 8 a. m. and 0 p. m. School dls- 
aSwIa** ***** ***** ***^ ***** ** cttployinant oartUcstea Uf ohUdno.u to M ihall imvide part 


ERIC 



LA'WB iBBLATDTG TO 'OQMPULBOKt/ IDUOAftON 

« 

-i, BdveaHwal ttUtf far ehiUren in ^wwr:i»^“Oovorninf nuthoritfe* of Bohool 
diatricta ahnll hnve power to purohaae aohool bo6ks and ecbool BuppUea i 
for indigent school attendance *ohildren and loan such books and such ' 
supplies (o such children to enable them to attend aohool to advantage, 

* but not more than Fifty Dollars ($60) shall be spent therefor in any 
, district during^y school term.” (Niv Mexico School Codi, tStS. eee. 
14£3.) 

« 6., Ag'afor admitnon — 6-21. 

7. Age for labor •permile — 14-16. 

8. Aftntmum eduaUion required for labor permite — None mentioned. 

— New Mexico School Code, 1996, 

NEW YORK 

1. Campuleory attendance age — 7-16 in districts with 4,600 population or more 

, and employing a superintendent; 8-16 in small djstrlots; until 18 where 
continuation schools are provided-^see Part-Time Education, p. 8. 

2. Minimum echool tenn required — 180 actual school days. 

3. Afinimum attendance required — Full tenn. , 

4. KxempHono— ^ 

(o) Any child who is not in proper physical or mental condition to attend 
school. • 

(6) Child receiving instruction in the English language in public school " 

' . subjects in approved, privat^ or parochial school for hke period; 

" or receiving instruction elsewhere equivalent- to that given in the 
public school. .. 

(e) Fourteen years of age and regularly and lawfully employed. 

• 6. Bducational ‘rditf for^ children in pwerfy— JThe schools of the incorporated 
orphan asylum societies, other than those In the City of New York, shall 
participate in Ihe distribution of the State school funds, in the same 
manner and to the same extent, in proportion to the number of children 
educated therein, as the common schopls in their reactive cities or 
* districts. “The schools' of said societies shall be subject to the rules and 
regulations of the common schools in such cities and districts, but shall 
remain uader (he immediate management and direction of the said socle* 
ties as heretofore.” (Art. 36, Bdueation Law of New York.) ■. 

. 6. Age for admieeion — 6-21. * . 

7, Age for labor permits— 14-17 in districts of 6,000 population or more; 14-16 

, elsewhere. * 

8. Minimum edue^ian required for labor 7 >ermit- 7 Completion of eighth grade if 

child is 14 years of age; completion of sixth grade if child is 15 years of age. 

School attendance of 130 days between thirteenth and * fourteenth 
birthdays, or in the 12-month period preceding application for permit, 

' . . * or in the 12-month period preceding graduation, (Certificate of physical 

fitness also required for labor permit.) 

—New York EdueaHon Lata, 1997, • - 



ERIC 


I 



MWB RBLATINO TO COMPUfcBOBT BDUCA110N 67 

NOBfb CAROLINA 


1. Com^ory aUehdance oya— Between the ages of 7 and 14 (7 to 13 inclusive), 

2. Afinmum school Urm required— Six months. 

3. 3/inimufn attendaneo required — Pull term. _ 

i Exemptions — , . 

(o) Attendance at approved private school for Uke period is acceptable in 
lieu of public-school attendance. (This Is not a statutory pro- 
vision, but a Stale board ruling.) ' • 

• ib) The principal, superintendent, or lejicter in charge shall have the 

right to excuse My cliUd from teajporary attendance on account 
, , .01 dckneas or distance of reBidence from school, or other un* 

^ avoidable cause which does not constitute truancy as defined by 

• the State board of education. 

(e) “The board shall prescribe what shall constitute truancy, what causes 
may constitute legiUmate excuses for temporary nonattendance 
duo to physical or mentid inab’iUty to attend, and under What cir- 
Oumstances teachers, principals, or' superintendents may excuse 
pupils for non-attendance due to immediate demands of the farm 
or the home in certain seasons of the yearln the several sectio'ns of 
. - .the State.” 

Sduc^ional relief for children in poverty— It affidavit shall be made By the 
^ parent or guardian of any cliild between 7 and 13 yean, inclusive, that 
, #aid child is not able to attend school by reason of necessity to work for 
the support of itself, or family, then the attendance officer shall inquire 
V into the matter and bring it to the attention of some court allowed to act* 
as a juvenile court which shall proceed to find whether said oliild is unable 
’ to attend school for the reasoni^ given. If tire court shall fin'd, after* in- 
vestigation, . that for valid* and sufficient cause the child is unable to- 
attend school, thcif it shall find and state what help* is needed for the 

• family to enable the attendance law to be complied with; and trans- 
mit its’ findings to the county board of education. The county board of 
education shaU in its discretion order aid to be given from the’ incidental 
.expense funds of the county school budget to an extent not to exceed $10 
per moiith for such child during the continuarree of the coidliulsory term* 
and shaU require tliat said child attend school. The county board of edu- 

♦ cation is authorized in making out the county budget to provide a sum to 
meet such reeds of indigent childrci^ as shall be ascertained by law 
(ConsolidaUd Statutes, Vol. IT( t9I9, ch. 9S.) 

Age for admis^n — 6-21. ' , * . * 

7. Age for labor psrmtl— 1^16, inclusive, boys, and girls, 12-13, inolualve 

vacation permits for boys. , ’ 

8. Minimum education required for labor permit — No educational requirements 

mentioned; but employment certificate is to be Issued “under such condi- 
tions” os ChUd Welfare Commission may prescribe. The hours of labor 
^ subject to the foUowing education rostrloUona: Under fourth grade 8 
noun per day; above'fourth grade, 10 houis per day (Laws of 1997.) * - 
~-Pvblic School Law of North Carotina^ 1993, 

1649‘— 23 S 


T 


58 LAVS ftBLATEKO TO COUPtTUOBT XDUCATION 

NORTH DAKOTA 


1 


(а) 

( б ) 
(e) 

id) 

(•) 


/learning taught In the 


1. Catnptxiaorv attendance age — 7-17. 

2. Afitumum eehool term required — Seven months. 

8. A/tntmum attendance required — Full term. 

4. Exemption * — 

If chil^hae already acquired the'tTrancr^ of 
puboo aohools. 

Fifteen yeab of age and completed the'eighth grade. 

Instruction for same length of time in private or parochial sohool 
app^ved by the county superintendent. 

If child is in such physical or mental condition as to render attendanot 
inexpedient or ir&practicable. ^ 

If chQd is actually necessary to the support of the family as determined 
by the State’s attorney, subject to appeal. 

.'(/) May. be exous^d under certain conditions on account of distance froQ 

Bohooi. 

ig) ‘An'y child 14 years of age and eompleted the eighth -grade and lawfully 
employed. 

6. Sdueotionql relief for ehUdren tn porertp— Orphan children or children aban- 
doned sludl be cared for either in private homes oV orphan asylums. Such 
children must be educated, if practicable. Poor child^n of the asylum 
who can' not bd bound out as apprenticed* shall be edqcated thereat. Th* 
superintendent shall superintend and direct the education of such poor 
children and send them to common school within the county. 

All indentures of apprentieeshij^ must contain an agreement on the part 
Of the person to whom such child shall be bound that he will cause such 
ehild to be instructed to read and write and to be tauglUTthe general ruiei 
of arithmetic, or, in lieu thereof, that he will send such child to Bcbodl 
three months of each year of the period of indenture; and that be wU 
give him a new Bible at the expiration of his term of service. 

6. Age for admieeion — 6-21, 

7. Age for labor permi ^ — 

8. Afintmuia education rejuired for labor permit — Shall have eompleted eightk 

grade or attended sohool for nine years, excluding kindergarten. 


/• 


OHIO 


8 


1. Compulsory oUertdance age — 6-18. 

2. Minimum eehool terrp required — EUght months. 

Minimum attendance required — Full term. (Not less than 82 weeks per sohed 

year.) . 

Jbemptione— 

(а) Graduate of Brst^lass high school. 

(б) > Receiving sin^par Instruction for like period at home by-person qusB- 
' fied to teach subjects taught in public sohool or in approved privsti 

or parochial scbeol, InAniotioE)s elsewhere than in public sohcoi 
must be equivalent to that given to children of like age and advance 
ment, and for equivalent number of hours as given in public school 
*'Upon satisfactory showing that the bodily or mehtsl,eondition of Um 
child does not permit of, its attendance at school." ' - 
Any nolnor 16 yoara of age and employed on age and schooling oertiA 
cate. (Must continue in employment or attend sohool, unless higb>^ 
school graduate.) (See Part-Time EdqoAtion, p. 8.) 


(«) 

(d) 


J 


LAIITB BBLATIN)9 to OOMPUliSOBT EDUCATION 


58 


T • 

4. Kzmption* — CoDtlsued. f 

(«) ^ edu»tIon resolution ohao^ age Umito ^ 7 to 

(/) A child iMy not he required to attend high' school more than 4 miles 
from his or her rraidence unless transportation la furnished. (Attar- 
nay getural't opinion.) j 

i, Ednea^n^ rdiff/w chUdrafi in porwty— Upon proof that a child is unable to 
attend school because absolutely required to wocjc to support himself or 
help support others legally entitled to his ser\iccs, the boaid of education 
- shaU furnish such child, free of charge. w|th textbooks and other pereonal 
newssiti^nd medical care as may be necessary to enable child to attend 
Mhool. - The expense Incident to furnishing such relief must be paid from 

the contingent fund of the ^hool district. (School Law$ of Ohio IQtt 
see. 7777.) ~ ‘ 

8 . kyo for admiition — ^ 21 . . * ' 

1- hge for lohoT pgrmtt-r\^\%.. . . , * 

8. UinimMm education required for labor permit— Completion of seventh grade. 

^ — School Law* of Ohio, I9tt. 

a » 

OKLAHOMA 

1. CompuUory aUendance ago — 8-18. 

2. Aftnimum oehool iartn required — Three months. 

3. Afintmum ditandance required — Trro-tlftr^ of term. 
iyBxempliona-r- 

. (o) If preveifted by mental or physical' disability. * 

(b) Any child 16 years of age or more and regularly and lawfully employed 
and having completed tlve eighth grade or equivalent. (See Part- 
Time Education, 8.) ' ' 

(e) Any child 16 years of age or more and having completed the'full 
course of instruction provided by the pubUc schools of the district 
where he resides. 

Attendance at approved “private or other schools" for a like period. 

6. Edueahon^ relief for children in poverty.— The county superintendent shaU 
furnish upon recommendation of the district board of education the 
necessary books to child whoso parents or guardians are unable to pur- 
chare the same. School districts containing a children’s home or charitable 
iMtituUon are required to furnish school faculties to cbUdrqn In any 
children s home or oharitable institution whose education is not wholly 
provided from funds provided for by such children’s home or charitable 
l^titution within the said district. If any widowed mother shaU make 
affidavit that the wages of her ebU^ or children under 16 yean of age ar^ * 
ne^ry to the support of such widowed mother, the county superln- 
tebdent sbaU furnish such aid as shall be deemed necessary to wch 
children so long as they attend the public school in accordance with the 
attendance law. (School Law* of Oklahoma, 19i6, Aria. 8 A and iS) 

0 . Aye /or admission— 6-21, 

t Age for labor permit — 16-18.- . - ' 

L-Afmmum educo/ion required for tabor permU— Can read and write, or child 
^ ShaU have attended some school during the year preceding employment 
for tune attendance is required under the law. ' 

— 5cAooI Law of Oklahoma, 1988, 


60 ' LAWS R*LATINQ^»^OMP^l80B^^D^Am6^^^^^^ 

OREGON 

Compviiofy aUendance o(r#-:-e-16, incliulve.* (See Part-Time Education p. 8.) ’ 

2. A/tnimum acAoel Urm required — 160 daya,^exclaaive of holidays. 

3. Afinimum otiandanoa refuirad — Pull term. 

4. Exemftion * — . « ' ' 

(a) Children who are “being taught for a like period of time Is a privati 
, or paroehifl school such branches as are usually taught" in the 

public schools. 

(b) Children who are recieving instruction for a like period^ time by 

the parent or private teacher upon written permission of the county 
superintendent of schools in subjects uauaily taught in^hw pubHs 
'* acboois. ^ ^ 

(c) Children who have already acquir^ “the ordinary branches of learn. 

. ing." , ' 

(d) Children who are “physically unable to attend school." " ' 

(s) Children under 10 years of age who reside more than'lH niilcs from 
school; and children over 10 years who reside more than 3 milm 
. from public school, unless transportation is;furnishrd. • 

(/) Fourteen years old, completed grammar grades and lawfully employed, 
and no'psrt-timc school provided. 

(a) May be excused, on appileatipn of parents or guardian, for a period 
not to exceed 120 minutes per week “to attend week-day schools 
. giving instruction in. religion." 

,8. Educational relief /or children in poverty—" When directed by vote of a district, 
the 'district board shall loan textbo^riiw-indigani-fnlp'ITs; and, when 

- not directed by a vote of the district. so to do, rosy loan said. broke to 
Indigent pupils upon the written report of the clerk that the parent 
^ardian of such children is unable to purchase such books." < (Orj 
Law, etc' S04S.) 

6. Age for admieeiort — 6-21. ’ 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Jfinimum educahon required for labor board permit — Can read and 

simple sentences; is familiar with the fundamental operations of arith* 
metic to and including fractions; and attended school apt less than 160 
days during school year previous to arriving at the age of 14 years. 

— • — t_i 

• Ths set sutborliinf Uw onstloo of psrontsl Mhoob ia diftrleU with IPOOO or mors ehlldran of school 
as» (MU of tUT, et. It*), by do&nloi tn bsbltasi tnunl to bo “ A child b*l wmd 7 snd IS mn of ■<« «bt 
willfully snd bsbItusUy sboonU blmsplf from Mbool.’* sppsronUy lowera tbb Sfo from • to 7 yean 
Tho pwtAlfflo oduaUon set of ISIS nqulros that "all chlldroo between the asm of IS and 18 yean mint 
be Is (cbool or legally employed." Therefore, where Bkrt.tlmo icbooU are provided; the maximum »» 
polwry age appeals to be 18 yean. 


W 


■ / 





LAWS ^BLATINa TO ‘ COMPUL90BT BOUCATIOB 


PENNSTLYANU 


61 


1. CompuWy otUndonc* 8-16. - 

2. Wintmuffi tciuxii term rt^uirtd — ESight montluj scboola In thv fiiirti Mopnd|^ 

and third cla^ dittricU, 180 days. 

I. Jlfinimitm aUendanct rtquired — Pull term; but board of school direoton la 
any fourth-clau diitriot may reduce period to 70 per cent of school term 
for pupils 14 yean of age or over. . 

4 . Bxtmpliont — 

(o) Any child who Is rt or more and *'haa completed a oouree of itudy 
• equivalent to dx yearly grades of the public .school ” and is regu- 
larly employed and holds an employment certificate. (See Part- 
, Time Education, p. 8.) 

(6) Attended for like time in approved private school upon Instruction 
equivalent to that given in public school. Instruction in the 
required subjects must be gjiven in the English langusge. 

(e) Roccivc4.j£gular daily instruction given m ih* Engli$k langvag* for 
like time by a property qualified private tutor, if satisfactory to 
local superintendent. 

(d> Children “on imcount of any mental, physical, or other urgent rea- 
sons," m^y be excused by board of school dirMtors. 

(s) No public school within 2 miles, by the nearest traveled road, unless 
frw transportation is furnished. , 

n (/) Any child 14 or more and engaged in farm work, or domestic service 
in a private home on permit issued, by School board or designated 
school o^ial. The State department requirsA that such child must 
have "completed a course of study equivalent to six yearly grades 
, • . of the public schotfis.*' 

6. BducaU'onal relief for chifi^^ in pcvsrty-^hildren between- 8 and 16 years 
of age who are unable to attend school on account of lack of necessary 
clothing or ^ood shall be promptly reported to any suitable relief agency 
operating in the district, or, if there is no such agency, they shaU be reported 
to tlve proper directors or overseers of the poor for investigatio^^qnd relief. 

. (School Lav of PennsyiconfoT t9tS, toe. I4£^.) 

Boards of education of <^tricte containing an orpbgp asylum, ho^e for 
the friendless, children's home, or other institution for the care or traming 
of orphansdr other children, shall permit any children of such Institutions, 
though not legal residents of such distdets, to attend the public schools 
In said district.* Districts that furnish such school privileges may charge 
tuition as specified in the law. (School Lave of Pontuyhania, I9t6. 
sec. Wf.) 

h. Age far admietion — 6-21. ‘ 

1. Age for labor permil — 14 - 16 . 

8. fifinimum educiuion required for labor permit . — Completion of a course of 
study equivalent to s£x yearly grades of the public school. (See Part-Time 
Education, p. 8.) ■ /• 

^ . — tScHooI La\o qf PenneylpaniOf 1695* 


% 


d . q 

'A 



I 


62 



LAWB BBIATINO TO C0UPUI80RT SOUCATION 

% 

RHODE ISLAND . 


ComptilMry attendant* age — 7-16. (See P»rl-Tira® Education, p. 8.) 
Minimum •SuHil'Urm required — 180 actual days. 

Afiaimum attendance required— Fntf term. 

Ezcinptiofu — 

(o) Fifteen yeare of ai;e and ]/mrfuIly and regularly employed. 

• (6) Thoee excluded **by virtue of aorne general law or regulation.** 

(c) Any child whoee physical or mental condition Is such as to rendn 

atXendance inexpedient or unpracticabic. . 

(d) Attending private day school, or private Instruction, approve*! by 

the school committee of the city or town. - ( ’ * ’ 

6. Bdueatianal relief for children in porrrtq— The State Home and School, cos- 
trolled by the State Public Welfare Commission, ahall receive such childreo 
as may ))e dbclared vagrant, truant, neglycte«t, or dependent on the publie 
. ^ for au|iport who are under 18 years of ago and who arp la a Suitable condi- 

tion of mind and body to bo instructed and ahall provide instruct ion for 
them, furnishing such ofllcera and teachers as shall l)o nc-cessary. If, 
in the discretion of the commission, the character, indcpendonce. and Ixat 
interest of any 'dependent or neglected child can bo better attaine*! by 
placing such child in a "go^ family of the same religious belief aa ths 
“uch child," the conlmission is authorixed to do so, on condi- 
* tion that ita education shall bo providerjjor^y sulh family ei|her in piiMie 
suitable private school; and when sOchiPr course is dei)imble or n*'c«- 
, • snid commission may pay such Amount as may be ngreedmpon for 

-tho care and support of such child. (General lows of Rhode hland, I9ts: 
pore. 1970-74.) _ • ' 

6. Age for admieeion — None stated. ^ "* 

.7. Am for labor , permit — 11^16. 

8. AfstMintttii education re^utred for labor permit — CTompIotion of eighth grade or 
^ attendance at school eight years. 

'' SOUTH CAROLINA 

- . ^ . - ’ > • 

' L CdmpuUorg attendoAce age — 8-14, 

2. ifintmum ecKoaC lerm required, — Seven months; 'Except in disiidets where 
school taf ia less than 8 mills and monthly attendance is leas tbgn 15, in 
which dase throe montlia are required. , 

8. Aftntmwm aUendanea required — 80 days (District may require 'attendonoe 
■ fo7 fuU term.) . ^ ' 

4. Bxemptiorie — . .. v. " * " 

(a) Any child attending an approved private or parochial school for )iks 
*. •period. , 

(5) Any child^who receives similar instruction for a like period from a 
*• oompetent tutor, subject to tbo approval of tbo R|uuty su|>criii< 

Icndent. * , 

(e) Any “child whoso phyrsioaL mental,, or moral condition unfits 4t for 
, attendance." 

id) Eor " providential cause or causes, or to. such cause or causes hs would 
I seriously endanger the health o^hild." Attendance officer may in 

his discretion, grant dxduscs. < " 

(•) “In cose of a widowed mother pr of*a crippled father any child alravs 
12 years of age whose labor may be necessary for the support, in 
whole os in part, 'of any person, may be excused.'* 


* * • 

LAWB MLATIKO TO OOiCPOTBOBT EDUCATION 


'68‘ 


4. Bx«mption* — Continued. 

(/) Any child Uving more than 2H piUm (2 milee if under 12 yean of a«e} 
from any public, private, or parochial achool; pruvid^, that any 
• • pupil living within 1 mile of any regular route of a ichool 
WAgoD nuiy not claim exemption. 

i Educadonbl rrturfor ehiUren in powrly— ’‘The children .of parenU unable 
to purchase the neoeasary booka for attendance upon a public achool ahaU, 
up^n the order of the county board of e<iucation, bo fureiahed theae booka 
out of the public fUnda of their dial net. The county boarda of educati^ 
be t he^coro^tent judge* of auch caaea." {School Law of South CaroUtjot 

1 A(ra/or odntiaaton— 6-21. ^ j 

7. ’Age for labor permit— U (12-14 outaidoof school houra). / 

8. i/inimum education uired for labor permit — None aUited. . ^ 

* — School Lawi of So%Uh Carolina, tStl. ^ 

' SOUTH DAKOTA 

1. CompxdtOTV attendaneo oy^8-l7, (See Part^TiiKe l^ucaUon, p. 8.) 

1. jfinimum acAoo/ farm required — Eight montha. 

1 .Vtnimum affendenca rr^uirad— Full term. 

i Bicm p(io fiM — ^ • . 

(n) ComplelioD of eight grade or equivalent. 

{b) Physical or mental conditiou auch aa to render attendimoe uoaafe, 
impracticable, or luvinful t<} himaclf or othera. 

Scriopa iUneaa in immediate family, making child’a prcMnce at 
an‘ actual necessity or hia prosenoe in achool a menace to the health 
of other pupils ' ^ 

Attendance af an approved private school for a like periodv 
Ot'.ierwise iiiHtrucicd by cuihpetcnt person for a like period in publio- 
echool brauchea; provided that auch inatruciion be given entirely in 
the English latigusgu. 

Between April 1 and November 1, ^ho^d there exiat an extreme need 
’for chiid'a assiatance at home, he may bo excused from attendanoe 
for a time not to exceed 40 Khoofdaya; provided that* such ohihi^baa 
completed the sixth gradaor its oquiv^ent. . . • 

May be excused for one hour per week to attend religious inatrueUon 
conduct^ by some church or oburohea. 

All applications for excuse from^acbool attendance must be in WTiUng, 

4. Educational relief for children in-itovefty-^^xery inmate of any asylum for 
the poor who la of scliool age aliall attend the public schools the same as 
other children. (SoutA Dahota Reno‘S Code, 1919, see. 10069.) ' 

4, Age for admuaion — 6-21. . , . - ' 

7. Aye /or labor permit — 14-1^ < ' v. . , , ■ 

8. Afinimum sdueotion rsyuirad /or labor pc/mif i~Read and write. 

’ # - A.. ^ 

TENNE88B<Tf ‘ 

jl. Compuleory attendance ago — ^7-16. * 

2. IfiViimum ecAool term required — Eight m*ohth£ ' . 

8. Afinimum aftsndanes rayutrad — Full term. * ' - , 

i JStemptione—^ 

(a) Completion of eighth grade and holds a ^rtlfleate of promotion to 
• high Bohotd. ^ 

\ (8) MrataUy ot physioally inoapadUted to attend sehocL 

* * 4 • • . , t, { H v*. 


(e) 


(•) 


(/) 


< 9 ) 




I ■ 
i.i 

k 


r- 


0 

• c 


i a Mht 


64i 


LAWB ailATINO TO COHPOIfiOBT BDUOAIION 




4. ^xeniptioAT-rrContlnued. ^ I 

(e) Where school Is more than 8 mfles from child’s rraidenee, unless fret 

' > ' * transportation is provided. ' ' ' 

(d) Attendance for like period at approved private or parochial schooL, 
(#) Where parent or guardian is not able, through extreme destitution, 
to provide clothing for child to attend school. 

(f) ^ Fourteen -years old, Dterate and regularly and lawfully employed.* 

6. Bdueational rtlUf for children tn poverty — The county or city boeu-d shall lend 
books free to children who are shown to be unable to procure the same. 
Said board shall also report to the proper commissioners of the poor or to 
any stiltable relfef agency, for Investigation and relief, any child who is 
, unable to attend school on account of lack of clothing or food. (School 
’ Law, lB»6, eece. Wi-iOS.) 

6. Age for adtniaiion — 6 of over, 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. 

8. Minimum education required for labor psrmii-^Not stated. (To read and write 

Implied.) ^ 

— School Lawe of Tenneeeee, I9S6. 

TEXAS 

1. Cemjfuleory attendance age — 8-14. 

8. ifinttnum echool term required— CooBtltutioa requires Ithat the legislature 
provide six jnonths but this requirement has not been met by the legisla- 
ture. - * 

8. Aftntmum attendance required — 100 days. 

A Sxemptione— , • 

(a) Attendance, for a like period at approved private or parochial school 
' which gives instruction in all subjects in the Engilish language and ' 

which shall include in- its course a study of good citizenship. 

(8) PhysicaUy or mentally Incapacitated. 

(c) Where child lives more than miles by direct add traveled road 
from nearest public school yid no'freo transportation provided. " 
(fl) Twelve years oldj completed seventh grade, and services necessary to 
support |>arent or others standing in parental relation to the child 
8. Bduc(ftionai relief for children in poverty — Children of compulsory school age com* 
niitted to the State Home, for Dependent and Negl^ted. Children are 
required to distribute their time between the school of letters and the • 
industrial and domestic pursuits according to what, is deemed best for 
them by the State board of control and the superintendent of said State * 
- home.’ \ 

Whenever Any child onder 16 Is brought before any juvenile upon 
petition of any person in the State, charged with being-a d^^^nt or 
neglected child, the court niay if *in the opiniop of the judgeTMHome 
for Dependent and Neglected Children is the proper place for said child 
^ .^conunlt such child to eald home during its minority. (Art. Sg60-7, Rev. 
Cwa Stat. Jexae, im.) 

6. Age for admieeton — 7-21. (School trustees may adipit pupils under or over 

scholastic age. Where k^dergarten schools are provided, childsen may 
be admitted at the age qf fi.) 

7. Age for labor permit — 12-1 A • 

S. Minimum education required for lofcor psrinil— Completion of seventh grade. 
j’t .. . — Sehoole Lawe, Texae ^tWH. 

• Vart-tloM ^ool sttondtBea nqulnd: Whtr# pait-tlm* m1h>^ tra provldtd, avwy pertoD i4 to Ig 
tovbomemiJoymonlqwt lfWat oihsrstioon lMiio S «fr»tmitpwwwkduilBiirfl«>i 

Mm pahilfl M wnmintAinmA, 


.-1 




66 



1. Compuhory aUendqne* * aqt — 8-18.** 

2. Minimum nchool term required — Five montbe. •* < • ' J. 

3. Mintmum attendance requiredr—20 weeks, 10 of .whloh shall* be oonseouttve; 

30 weeks in first and second class cities, 10 of which must be consecutive; 
80 weeks for part-time school students, and all between 16 and f8 yean 
of age who have not been excused to enter employment, 
i 4. Exemptione — ' ^ 

A> From full-time attendance; 

(o) Where child reoeives instruction at homo in required branohee 
for same length of time as required to be taught in district 
school. 

(5) Any cbOd who *'hsiS already acquired the branches of learning 
taught in the district schools.” 

(c^‘ Where physical or mental condition is such as to render 
attendance inexpedient or impracticable. 

(d) Where no school is tailght within 2J^ miles of child’s residence 
or employment by nearest road, unless free transportation Is 
furnished. ‘ 

(s) “ThAt the services of such child are irecesssuy the support of 
a' mother or an invalid father.” 

(J)^ Instruction for like period in approved private schooL 
B. Froni part-time attendance: 

If any minor who has become 16 or who has completed the eighth 
grade is excused from full day-school attendance to enter employ- 
ment, he must attend a part-time or continuation school at least 
144 hours per year, unless exempted for following reasons: (1) Has 
, 'already completed the work of a senior high school; (2) is taught 
at home the required number of hburs; (3) PbysicaUy or mentally 
incompetent;. (4) no school taught within miles **of residence 
or employment, unless free traftsportation is furnished. 

6. Edue/iitonal relief for children in poverty—*' Children under 16 years of age 

who, by reason of neglect, crime, drunkenness, or other vices of parents, 
or by reason of orphange, are suffered to grow up without salutary parental 
control and education, of in circumstances encouraging them to lead idle 
and dissolute lives,, may be committed to the proper parental school 
for a term not extending beyond the age of 16 years.” (Utah Statutee, 
484S.) 

' d. ^ge for admieeion — 6-18. 

7. Age for labor permit — 14-18, if eighth-grade graduate, otherwise I6 to 18. ; 

8. Mtm'mum education required for labor psmitt— Completion of eighth grade 

' for child under 16 years. 

—Utah School Late, i9tS. 

^ ^ 

* ETMiing school sttondanoc roqulrai ill aiiaos 16 to 85 who do ooi posmh looh ahllUy to QMlr, nod« 
sad wilto RngUsh is Is required for oomploUoD of flnh.gmdo to attood pabhc •▼aniiig sohooJ ftir at iMst 4 
boon a w«k, 900 hours par y«ar, during period of adiool >*aar, or attand a regular day school or part-time 
lebool unlan physioally or mentally disquallfled or no school within mikas hom nMmioiL The Slate 

board of education may requlra aobooJ distil&i to aiUbUah oftning aohodU for the purpoee, 



t 


t ' 


\. 


- lxJl:. 



w 


liAWB RBLATDfO TO C0MPTTL80RT BDUCATION 

• • • 

TBRMONT 


\iUory aUtn^nee ag9 — 8-16. 

^tmum tchocl term required — 34 weeks for elementary schools; 36 weeks for 1 

imem ot^ndanM r^ired — Full term, if session, is more than 170 days; 
‘“lll^sohool sup^htendent may excuse any child from attending mors 
an that — 

4. ^MmpMofis — 


(o) Any child who has completed the elementary school course or ths 
rural sbhool course and the first two years of junior or senior high 
school course: 

W If 16 years old, having completed the work required in the rural school 
course, and whoso "services are needed for the support of those 
dependent upon him, or for any other sufficient reason," may be 
excused by superintendent. 

(e) Mentally or physically unable to attend school. 

*(d) Any child who "is otherwise being furnished with the same cdura- 
tion." 

(•) May be excused for a definite time not to exceed 10 consecutive school 
days in cases of "emergencies or for absence from towni” 

6. Bdueatiotial relief for children in poverty — If any child between 8 and 16 ii 
under the control of a person unable to furnish such child \tith suitable 
clothing for school attendance, the local superintendent shall notify the 
"overseer of the poor of the town in which such person resides, who shall 
at once provide suitable clothing ” forsucli child. {1261 Vermont Statutee.) 
6. Age for odmieeion — ^18. However, "a person who has bccoAio 18 years of 
age shall not be deprived of public school advantages on account.of nge." 
.7. Age for labor permit — 14-16. * 


8, Minimum education required for labor permit — Completion of elementary 
school course. (May not be employed in hotel, billiard or pool room, or 
bowling alley, or in delivering messages,' or in railroading or manufac- 
turing, except during vacation or before and 'after school, unless* having 
- comple^d elementary school and the first two years of junior high school 
eourseb) * . 


VIRGINIA 


1. CompuUory aUer^nce age — 7-15,** > ' 

2. Minimum aeh^ term required — Seven months. 

3. Minimum^ittindance required . — Full term. 

. 4 . — 

- WT Any child who baa* completed the elementary school coulee and who 
'• Is regularly and law'fully employ’ed. 

(6) Any- child who lives more than 2 miles by the nearest traveled road 
from a publid school, tinlcss public transportation is provided williin 
I'mile of walking distance from the place whore shch child lives." 
(c) ChQd i^ei ving instruction for a like period in a " private denominations! 
or paroobial school, or ih a home by a tutor oj other teacher." 

r * ' ’ ■ * ” ‘ — 

® A p0reon bRTlBf tbd control of b child ovor Id of aro who ollowa such child to bcconie oDroM 
In A imbUe icbool shili caxm such child to attend such school ooDtintAnial^ for ibc full number of the • cboel 
diya of tbo term In which he la ao enrolled" uniete mentally or phyalcally disabled or otherwlae lawfully 
eacnaed. ^ ^ 

■Xioept for aor county which deddee to make It MO. The ege woe a-14 until 1839 





4. Eiemptiona — Continued. * - ( 

(<0 “ Any child who U physically or mentally incapacitated for the work 
of the school.” 

(•) In the discretion of the local school board, nonattendance at school 
"on accaunt of necessary work duriuB certain seasons of the year 
may be considered lawful and valld||Bxouse” for temporary non- 
attendance. 

t. Educalional relief for children in popertjf — "It shall be the duty of the 
^ school board to • • • provide adequate facilities and appurten- 
anc^, including necessary textbooks, for indigent children • ♦ • to 
decide what children wishing to enter the school of the district 
should by reason of the poverty of their pareats or guardians receive text- 
books free of charge, and to provide for supplying them accordingly. ” 
(School Law, 19BS.) The local school board, may,' in any case, in its 
discretion, furnish any child whose parents are sliown to be unable to 
provide necessary clothing in order that the child may attend school, >ith 
the necessary clothes, and when clothes are furnished, such child m^t 
attend school. (I'irgim'o Code, par. 7B2e.) 

6. Age for admiseion — 6-20. 

?. Age for labor permit — 14-16. ^ 

8. iWfm'mum education required for labor permit — None mentioned. ^ 

— Virginia School Lawe, l9tS. 


WASHINGTON 

* I 

1, Compulsory attendance a^cr-8-16 ** (8-18 part-time school law.**)' /• 

*2. Minimum school term required — Six months; eight months in Oist-class 
districts. 

3. Minimum attendance required — Full term. 

t Exemptions — 

, (a) Attondance.at an approved private or parochial school for the same * 

length of time. • , 

• (6) Any child whose physical or mental condition Is such as to render child 

unable to attend. 

• (c) Any child who "has already attained a reasonable pro^ciency in the 

branches required by law to be taug)it in the first eight grades of 
the public schools.” 

(d) For "some other sufiicient reason.” . 

(e) Fifteen years of age and "the qeeds of the family or the welfare of such 

minor require” that be be regularly employed. 

(/) Fburtcen years of age, completed the eighth gnwle, or in the judgment 
of the superintendent can not profitably pursue further regular 
' f school work, may be excused to enter emplojrment. * 
y) "This office (attorney general’s] has held that that section vests b * 
the county superintendent power to excuse a child, for nonatten- 
dance on account of extraordinary conditions. It may be that the' 

•• Whenever the Ooverameot of the United Btatea or Um Btsts of Wssblniton disll phtvldssOovm* 
nenfcecbool fumlablnB free luJUon, lodging, food, snd dothlng to the pupils thmln, the oorapolsarr 
Uteodsnoe sge Is from S to 18. This age does not spply to pupils retidlog mors u«»o 10 trom 
Khool, luxJflss freo UaonpartAUoo Uprovkl6d« 

Part-time ichool attendaooe required. All minors rosldlnf or employed in adiool dliM>U la whkit 
part-Ume aobooU are provided aball attend fuU or part-time aobool uiiiU 18 years ol air unleM thay ata * 
craduataa from a tour-year high oohool or Ita equivalent or h^va baeo lawfully aioitied. DielrieUm per* 
fitted, not required, to malnUin part-time eohoola. 






6S LAWS RBLATINa TO 0OMPUL8OHT BDUOATION 

4. Bf»mplion$ — CoDtioued. 

oouDty Buperinteodent would have the right to mcub 
who live where there are do trsnaportatioa faoilitiea and 
ia unable to walk the distance. However, the law itrelf makes 
no exception for diatancea, the lock of el>il>ty of a child to walk to 
. the aohoolhoiiae, or the look of means of, transportation.” I 

A. BducaHonal relief for children in poverlfi — When any child under 18 shall | 
found delinquent or dependent, the court may, at any time, by order, 
commit the child to some suitable institution, or association, or to the ' 
care of some reputable citixen, or to some training or industrial school 
willing to receive it. {Code of Ptl6fio Inatruciion, J9SS, $ec. 5SfiO 
* Any benevolent or charitable eod^ty having under its cqptrol orphan, or 
homeless,' or negl^ted children ia authorised (not required) to provide 
for the education of such children. (Comp. Slot. Wash., I93S, sec. 1700.) 

A. Afe far adfnieeion — 6-21; 6-24 in certain districts. 

7. Affe for labor permit — 14-I8.‘* 

A. ifiniii|um education required for labor permit — Completion of eighth griCde if 
under 15 years of age; no special requirement if 15 years of age. 

— Waehinglon, 19£3, Code of Ptdtlic Inetruction, 

' WEST yiRGINU 

Compuleory altendanee ape — T-rG.** 

2. Afintmum aehool term required — Eight months. 

5. Minimum attendance required — Full term. 

4 . Bxemptione — 

. (a) Instruction for equal time *Mn a private, parochial, or othe^chool 

approved by the diatrict board of education.” 

(5) Instruction ^f or equal time *'in the borne of such child or children or 
elsewhere by a person or persons” judged by the district board of 
education to be qualified to give the instruction required. ' 

(c) ” Physical or mental incapacity for school attendance and the *per> 

^ fgrmance of school work.”. 

(d) “Death or serious illness in the immediate family of the pupil.” 

(sj Extreme destitution of parents” or guardian. (If -destitution Is 
relieved by public or private means, exemption is not allowed.) 

(/) " Conditions rendering school atteivdance impossible or rendering it 
hasardous to the'pupU's life, health, or safety'.”, 

^ (p) Residence-more than 2 miles from schsol by shortest practicable road 

or path, unless free transportation is provided. 

(h) For “observance of regular church ordinances.” 

(<) “Other causes that are accepted as valid by the coujjty superintendent** 

’ or by the district. 


s WbuMver Um OoTernoMOt of Uis Unltod StstM or tba StaU ol WoihlnxMo •hall hrovldo a Oovtfs- 
mailt Kbool hintishlns tne tuition, todginx, food, aa<l clothing to tba pupiti therein, iba oompuliorr 
attandanoo age la from 5 to 18. Thli age doe* not apply to pdpilr losldlng more than 10 miles from nioh 
aetMOl, unlesi bee transportation Is provided. 

n Part-ttoM tehod attendanpe required: Where parttlme iclioola are provided, every minor betweia 
‘U ud 18 who is net In regular attendanoe at a public, prl vale, or parochial aohool or who la regularly awl 
Inwtafly emptoyed, eball attend for 144 bouie during the year a parMlme fchool In diatrftt In which raeb 
minor realdea cr is cmployM. unlen be hai completed the eighth grade, or liaiempted lor any of the retiom 
SMUooed nndtf Item 4. 

The boerdefeduoatlea of any city with more than 10.000 populaUon, and of any dty, town, or lubdiitria 
when'^hws are 10 or mo^ minora 14 to 18 not la rogolar attondanoe upon approved instruction, moil 
provide part-time aohools or olamea. 



LAWS BfibATINO TQ OOifP^^^BT jpUCATlOB 

4. Bx*mpticn$ — Gontioued. , ^ 

0) Fourteen years old and engaged In regulv employment for at least 0 
hours per day or excused by local superintendent to enter employ- 
ment at home.** ' * 

(k) Fourteen years of age, completed the eighth grade, no Junior or senior 
high school within 2 miles and no free transportation furnished. 

6. Educational rdiej for children in popsr/jr“**The county court of .any oounty oe 
counties that have a place of reception for the poor shall have the power, 
at their discretion, and at the expense of the county, to provide a suitable 
room or building, books, stationery, and employ a suitable teacher, to 

^ educate the children at the place of reception for the, poor, and the school 

shall be under the supervision of the county superintendent the same as 
the free schools of. the county.” (Ch. 46, see. 4a, W. Va. Cods, IBSS.) 

One of the conefitions upon which a State pension or relief may be given 
to dependent mothers is the presentation of a satisfactory report by the 
teacher in the district school stating that thp children of the recipient of 
this relief are attending- school, provided they are of proper age and physi- 
cally able to do so. (CA 4SB, see. f /,* W. Va. Code, J6S3.) 

6. Age /or admission — d-21. * ' 

7. Age for labor permits — 14-16. . * ' . * 

8. ifintmum education required for labor permit — Completion of sixth grade. 

— School 'Lav of West Virginia, l9iS. 


WISCOf^^IN 


1. Compulsory attendance 0(rs— 7-16.'* 

2. Minimum school term required — Eight months. ' 

3. Minimum attendance required— Full term In cities of Brst class; 8 months 

in all other cities; 6 months in towns and villages; 60 days for any child 
between 6 and 14 who lives between 2 and 3 miles from school, and no 
free transportation provided. 

4. Exemptions — • 

(a) Completion of the eighth grade or its equivalent. 

(5) Attendance during the required period in approved parochial or 
private school. 

. (c) Equivalent instruction during the required period elsewhere than 

at school, by a teacher selected by the persem having control of 
such child. 

♦ .(d) “Any child not In proper physical or mental condition to attend 
school.** 




wpirt-llnw Khool atten(UDoi-r«qulr«): Where ptrt-tlm® icbooli are proridtd, every minor between 
M and 10 who Ij Dot In regular attaodaooe at # public, private, or porochlAl Bchool or who la refularly and 
hwhiJly employad, aball altand lor 144 houre ffnriiif iba year n part-tizne school In dlauict In which such 
DJoor reeldes or la employed, unian ba haa completed ttre eighth gradei, or la eiempted for any of tbe reaaona 
Daotloned under Item 4i 

The board ai education of any dty with more than 10,000 populatJon^d of any city, town, or aubdlatrict 
vhare there are fiO or more minora 14 to 10 not In regular atteodanoe upon Approved lutruciloD, most 
provide part-time achoola or cloeaea. 

“ Part-time attendanoe required: Any person between 14 and 18 who hai|' completed the period of oompul« 
lory full-time educatibn and who has not completed the equivalent of 4 years of ecboo! work above the * 
•Itniantary gredea, muit (itber attend a public, private, or pjirochlal school, at least halfHlme, or attend 
ihf vocalloDoJ school half-Une la the day Uroe unUl l« and Ihereofier 8 hours per week for 8 mootba a year 
nniil 18; provided each eoboota are provided within 2 mllee and aald peraooa are phyalcally able to attend. ' 
Where evening achoola are provided within 2 mllee, minors over 17 jivbo ere Illiterate anil employed 
■mat attend euoh eobool or • poblie vooatlonaJ echool 4 boors im weak ontU able to reed and write simple 
Hnteoosi. 


m 


BiLATlNO TO ' COHFtTLSOBY BDUCAHON 


4. frxempItofM— Continued. 

(•) 'Children who live in country diatriote more than 2 miles by the neaiest 
.• . traveled-.road from the ^choolhouse, unless’ free transportation 

^ ^ * is offered; provided, that children between 9 and 14 who live 

^ between 2 and 3 miles from school must attend 60 days. 

. *• (/) Fourteen years of age and regularly and lawfully employed. 

6. BdwiUton«l relief for ehilfiren in pooer/y— For every person of lawful school 
age Qiaintained by the co_unty as a public charge, the county board shall 
for each year allow to the district In which such person may attend school 
an anp)unt for each person so attending equal to the amount Expended 
In that year for each'pupjl iu such district; and li\ case such person be 
maintained by any town, such town board shall allow, a like amount 
to such district. (IFtsconftn School (fade, I9is';.40, t») 

9, Age for odmusion— 4-20; scboof boards m,ay admit tepchool free of tuition 
persons 20* to .30 years of age.' 

, 14-10 (14 to 17 in child labor laa-s.) 

9 Minimum education required for labor permit— Completed the eighth 'grade 
••or its equivalent, or attended school for-9 years, exclusive of kindergarten. 

— Wiecor^ein School Code, 19tS. 


1 . 

2 . 

8. 

4 . 


6. 

6 . 

7 . 

r 


WYOMING ♦ 

- • • 

Compultory atter^dqnet age — 7-16. * ' . * * 

Afinimum echool term required— Three montHs; eight months to receive 
, share of Government royalty funds. 

Afinimum aliendanee required — Full ternl. * , , ' 

Exemption * — < 

(o) AttendMc^ for a B ke period at a private or parochial school 
(6) Any child who hap "completed the work of the eighth grade." 

(e) ^MentaUy^ incapable of doing the work of the school. 

(d) Invalids or others to whom the schqqlroum might be injurious" 
may be excused by cnstrict boafd. . ' 

(s) Pupils to whom attendance might work a hardship may be excused 
t by district board. 

IS) "Pupils wbo'for legal reasons Have been excluded from the regulir 
schools and no provisions made for the schooling of such children."— I 
(Session Smws of I9SS, eh. 4t.) .* 

Educational relief for children in poverty — None mentioned. 

Age for adfnimion — 6-21. , 

Age for laJbor permit — 14-16. 

Minimum education required for labor pcrmtl— Completidn of 6rst eight jean 
ol the pubffe school or the equivalent. ** * I 

' —School Lav of 1991; 199SjSession Lavs. j 




ERIC 


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